houck2040/artisci huggingface dataset:
mysterious dunes on jupiter's moon explained by scientists' new modelnew research co-authored by texas a&ms dr ryan ewing shows how dunes on jupiters volcanically active moon lo were formedmay 23 2022photo taken of io from nasa's galilleo missionscientists have known about dune-like structures on jupiters volcanically active moon io for some time but have been unable to reconcile how a planetary body with such a low-density atmosphere could create the classical wind-blown dunes like those observed on earth in collaboration with scientists from rutgers university university of oregon the massachusetts institute of technology and the jet propulsion laboratory at the california institute of technology dr ryan ewing the robert r berg professor in texas a&m universitys department of geology and geophysics proposed a new model for dune formation in the absence of strong atmospheric winds in a recently published article in nature communications this study attempts to expand scientists knowledge of how dunes can form on distant planetary bodies that have vastly different atmospheric conditions than those responsible for dune formation on earthridge field on io within kilometers of lava flow field taken from the published research articlethe challenges in interpreting the ridge structures on io were understanding how wind could be created and how sand could move where almost no atmosphere exists said ewing but the lava-frost mechanism to create the flows is an entirely new mechanism for generating dunes the lava-frost mechanism proposed by this research team relies on researchers knowledge that io is the most volcanically active body in our solar system through mathematical modeling and their understanding of sediment physics this team has shown that the interaction of ios lava flows and the widespread sulfur dioxide frost blanketing its surface the result can create a dense enough vapor to allow for grain transport and formation of the dune-like features observed from images taken during the 14-year nasa galileo mission with upcoming nasa missions to titan one of the moons of saturn and venus planned over the next several decades ewing said i am certain i will find myself trying to explain observations of dune-like patterns from these worlds as the new data come in the research this team has conducted on io will help explain the formation of these features that are present nearly everywhere in our solar system by john sarao
scientists have known about dune-like structures on jupiters volcanically active moon io for some time but have been unable to reconcile how a planetary body with such a low-density atmosphere could create the classical wind-blown dunes like those observed on earth in collaboration with scientists from rutgers university university of oregon the massachusetts institute of technology and the jet propulsion laboratory at the california institute of technology dr ryan ewing the robert r berg professor in texas a&m universitys department of geology and geophysics proposed a new model for dune formation in the absence of strong atmospheric winds in a recently published article in nature communications this study attempts to expand scientists knowledge of how dunes can form on distant planetary bodies that have vastly different atmospheric conditions than those responsible for dune formation on earth
ridge field on io within kilometers of lava flow field taken from the published research article
the challenges in interpreting the ridge structures on io were understanding how wind could be created and how sand could move where almost no atmosphere exists said ewing but the lava-frost mechanism to create the flows is an entirely new mechanism for generating dunes the lava-frost mechanism proposed by this research team relies on researchers knowledge that io is the most volcanically active body in our solar system through mathematical modeling and their understanding of sediment physics this team has shown that the interaction of ios lava flows and the widespread sulfur dioxide frost blanketing its surface the result can create a dense enough vapor to allow for grain transport and formation of the dune-like features observed from images taken during the 14-year nasa galileo mission with upcoming nasa missions to titan one of the moons of saturn and venus planned over the next several decades ewing said i am certain i will find myself trying to explain observations of dune-like patterns from these worlds as the new data come in the research this team has conducted on io will help explain the formation of these features that are present nearly everywhere in our solar system by john sarao
a stream gauge on the woodforde river a non-perennial stream in the ti tree basin north of alice springs in australia (credit: margaret shanafield / flinders university)
a new study has identified gaps in data on streams around the world highlighting potential priorities for future installation of monitoring tools the analysis focused on stream gauges included in two global datasets including the large and widely used global streamflow indices and metadata archive a key source of information for hydrology research stream gauges are instruments that record the volume of water flowing through a specific location on a river or stream to assess whether certain types of waterways were overrepresented in these global gauging networks scientists combined data on the placement of over 32 000 gauges in the datasets with information on the characteristics of streams and their surrounding landscapes dr george allen assistant professor in the department of geography at texas a&m university co-led the research published today in nature sustainability stream gauges are located disproportionally in large perennial rivers draining more populated watersheds the study found gauges are sparsely distributed in protected areas and rivers characterized by non-perennial flow regimes both of which are critical to freshwater conservation and water security concerns as we respond to climate change and work toward conservation its important to recognize that the information we have from stream gauges is not completely representative said dr corey a krabbenhoft lead author of the study and research assistant professor at the university at buffalo the study was conducted by an interdisciplinary team led by krabbenhoft and primary authors allen dr peirong lin at peking university and dr julian d olden at the university of washington this study quantifies which river environments are most under-monitored by the global gauge network allen said we show where additional observations could have the greatest impact including observations from satellites for example the surface water and ocean topography (swot) satellite planned for launch in november 2022 will produce unprecedented observations of earths rivers swot and other earth observing satellites are an exciting path forward to help us fill in the gaps of the global river gauge network the datasets used do not include every stream gauge in the world gauges in regions that do not share data publicly will be missing along with data from streams that are monitored independently by organizations that do not integrate findings into public databases still the number of stream gauges covered in the study is large and comparable to the extent of datasets typically used in analyses of global hydrology research krabbenhoft said identifying biases in the placement of these gauges is vital as information from such datasets underpins important knowledge regarding the worlds freshwater resources
dr george allen (credit: texas a&m geosciences)a stream gauge on kororoit creek a non-perennial stream in victoria australia (credit: tim fletcher / university of melbourne)
this sort of data is the foundation for a lot of aquatic science data on where water is and what its doing and how its flowing is very fundamental krabbenhoft says one disparity we see is in the monitoring of non-perennial rivers which periodically dry up and stop flowing we need more data on these types of streams there are plenty of places across the world where we expect the number of streams that periodically go dry to increase in the future and in some cases these streams are part of larger river networks people rely on for their drinking water if the number of non-perennial streams increases in the future having a good understanding of how they function when they stop flowing and how long they stop flowing is critical information for being able to adjust water management priorities and understand how environmental change is impacting aquatic ecosystems worldwide the research was a product of the dry rivers research coordination network which was supported by funding from the us national science foundation to daniel c allen at penn state by texas a&m geosciences and the university at buffalo
weather forecasters nationwide use texas a&ms online weather data platforms developed by faculty and staff in the department of atmospheric sciences and college of geosciences the weather data interface and high-definition weather platforms provide free access to useful weather forecasting data for meteorologistsapr 15 2022for more than 20 years weather forecasters across the country have turned to texas a&m for online weather data that is uniquely simple and powerful the weather data interface (wdi) is a text-based live query system that provides data from both observations and numerical model results meteorologists find the wdi particularly useful because it allows users to get the model prediction at any standard airport location anywhere in the country said instructional professor in the department of atmospheric sciences dr don conlee it is also a good interface for retrieving the aviation weather observations as one of the members of the university corporation for atmospheric research (ucar) we have access to unidata worldwide weather data which enables us to provide it to other users conlee said chris mouchyn senior it professional in the college of geosciences and dr gyorgyi szunyogh research scientist in atmospheric sciences help maintain the wdi about 17 000 unique visitors per month use the wdi helping meteorologists all over the country get reliable data texas a&m also developed and maintains the hdwx (high-definition weather) site which was established by conlee mouchyn and a previous faculty member over 12 years ago the original purpose of hdwx was to equip a chart base for the weather center housed on the 12th floor of the o&m building when dr conlee and his colleagues were building the weather center in 2009 they wanted to recreate the benefits of traditional paper chart walls the weather charts satellite and radar images provided on the hdwx webpage are all in hd resolution (which was not common at the time) so the name hdwx was chosen those charts are also frequently used in class for teaching purposes and students find themselves becoming very comfortable with the available charts a few years ago to meet the needs of graduated former students seeking to use it off-campus and the community at-large hdwx became an open-access site today students staff and faculty in atmospheric sciences continue to collaborate and innovate to serve the meteorological community and the public by joy lai
for more than 20 years weather forecasters across the country have turned to texas a&m for online weather data that is uniquely simple and powerful the weather data interface (wdi) is a text-based live query system that provides data from both observations and numerical model results meteorologists find the wdi particularly useful because it allows users to get the model prediction at any standard airport location anywhere in the country said instructional professor in the department of atmospheric sciences dr don conlee it is also a good interface for retrieving the aviation weather observations as one of the members of the university corporation for atmospheric research (ucar) we have access to unidata worldwide weather data which enables us to provide it to other users conlee said chris mouchyn senior it professional in the college of geosciences and dr gyorgyi szunyogh research scientist in atmospheric sciences help maintain the wdi about 17 000 unique visitors per month use the wdi helping meteorologists all over the country get reliable data texas a&m also developed and maintains the hdwx (high-definition weather) site which was established by conlee mouchyn and a previous faculty member over 12 years ago the original purpose of hdwx was to equip a chart base for the weather center housed on the 12th floor of the o&m building when dr conlee and his colleagues were building the weather center in 2009 they wanted to recreate the benefits of traditional paper chart walls the weather charts satellite and radar images provided on the hdwx webpage are all in hd resolution (which was not common at the time) so the name hdwx was chosen those charts are also frequently used in class for teaching purposes and students find themselves becoming very comfortable with the available charts a few years ago to meet the needs of graduated former students seeking to use it off-campus and the community at-large hdwx became an open-access site today students staff and faculty in atmospheric sciences continue to collaborate and innovate to serve the meteorological community and the public by joy lai
drilling thousands of meters down into the ocean to sample and study deep ocean crust that is millions of years old tomorrow the international ocean discovery program (iodp) embarks upon a two-expedition scientific drilling project to the south atlantic ocean with a texas a&m university scientist at the helm of each expedition funded by the national science foundation (nsf) and supported by 22 nations iodp is a multidecadal research program that explores earth's history ecology and structure recorded in the sediments and rocks beneath the oceans these south atlantic transect iodp expeditions will sail on the joides resolution a premier scientific research vessel for deep-ocean drilling owned by siem offshores subsidiary overseas drilling ltd for the past 37 years texas a&m has operated the joides resolution on behalf of nsf embarking april 12 from cape town dr jason sylvan associate professor and assistant department head in the department of oceanography at texas a&m and dr rosalind m coggon of the university of southampton uk will serve as co-chief scientists of iodp expedition 390 through june 7 it is incredible to see it finally happening after all the preliminary work pandemic-related delays and shuffling of personnel sylvan said but here we are sailing with scientists from all over the world and asking exciting questions about changes in earth's environment during the last 61 million years" then iodp expedition 393 will sail june 7 - aug 7 with dr julia reece assistant professor in the department of geology and geophysics at texas a&m and dr damon a h teagle of the university of southampton uk serving as co-chief scientists
"the two expeditions are critical for our understanding of the interconnected earth system such as the relationships between lithosphere hydrosphere atmosphere and biosphere reece said drilling in this very systematic way along a transect perpendicular to the mid-ocean ridge axis allows us to investigate how the oceanic crust and everything around it changes as it cools sinks and ages over millions of years by studying these sediments and igneous rocks that record environmental conditions and rapid climate change in the past we will be able to better predict our planets future including how subseafloor life ocean circulation patterns climate etc may respond to further anthropogenic influences" expeditions 390 and 393 together referred to as the south atlantic transect will recover deep geologic core samples from six drill sites along the western flank of the mid-atlantic ridge in water depths ranging from 3 000 – 5 000 meters and with ocean crust up to 61-million-years-old crust at these sites has been transported progressively westwards as a result of seafloor spreading from the mid-ocean ridge these sites will fill critical gaps in the sampling of ocean crust with regards to crustal age spreading rate and hydrothermal and geochemical processes it is exhilarating to follow the path of the scientific ocean drilling pioneers who explored the south atlantic over 50 years ago to prove that seafloor spreading along the mid-ocean ridges produces new oceanic crust coggon said that crust forms the basins that hold the oceans – but it is not simply an inert container for the seawater our strategy of drilling along a crustal age transect has been designed to investigate how seawater and the rocks that hold it interact – contribute to and record changes to the long-term evolution of our planet and allowing life to thrive deep beneath the seafloor carrying 52 international scientists these two expeditions will recover sediment records of climate change and ocean circulation patterns in the atlantic ocean investigate the history of hydrothermal interactions between the cooling ocean crust and the ocean and the microbial communities that live deep beneath the seafloor sediment cores that span both space and time will allow scientists to investigate the responses of atlantic ocean circulations patterns and earths climate system to rapid environmental change – including through past intervals of elevated atmospheric co2 in addition to serving as the science operator of the joides resolution texas a&m also houses one of iodps three main ocean sediment core repositories learn more about iodp and follow the expeditions on twitter facebook and instagram by leslie lee college of geosciences
dr yue zhang assistant professor in the department of atmospheric sciences at texas a&m university was recently awarded large-scale research project funding from the environmental molecular sciences laboratory (emsl) a us department of energy office of science user facility sponsored by the biological and environmental research (ber) program titled connecting the physicochemical properties with ice nucleation properties of secondary organic aerosols formed from multiphase chemical processes the project will address gaps in scientists understanding of how secondary organic aerosols or soas interact with clouds this project will provide new insights on how the soas generated from multiphase reactions an important pathway for trace atmospheric gases to directly interact with particles will affect aerosol physicochemical properties and aerosol-cloud interactions zhang said the outcome will be useful for improving current models in predicting aerosol transformation and future climate aerosols are liquid droplets and fine solid particles suspended in the atmosphere some aerosols consist of mineral dust and sea salt zhang said that the majority of the fine particles whose diameters are smaller than 25 micrometers and detrimental to human health and the climate consist of other compositions such as organic carbon sulfate and nitrate including organosulfates formed by the atmospheric chemical interaction of sulfate and organic carbon the complex physicochemical properties of these particles will have important implications on the health and climate effects of aerosols we are excited about this research because we will be able to systematically generate complex and realistic aerosol particles mimicking those formed in the ambient environment zhang said then we will be able to work with experts at emsl and use state-of-the-art instruments to understand the impacts of aerosol physicochemical properties on our climate thirty-five projects were allocated resources from emsl and scientists from each project will receive up to two years of access to emsls world-class expertise and instrumentation zhangs research team plans to analyze the morphology mixing state phase state and other physicochemical properties by working with the research team at emsl collaborators on the project will include dr swarup china dr alla zelenyuk dr gourihar kulkarni and other scientists from pnnl ice nucleating properties of soa are poorly understood and i hope this project will shed light on the building blocks of organics aerosol to better represent ice formation properties in a cloud model kulkarni said undergraduate researchers and graduate students in zhangs laboratory including students from underrepresented groups will also participate in this project he noted zhangs aerosol research work is also supported by national science foundation the microscopic images and other physicochemical properties of the soa obtained from this emsl collaboration will improve knowledge in the climate effects of aerosol particles and connect scientific questions in other projects as well helping us better understand and predict the earths atmosphere by leslie lee college of geosciences
montana etten-bohm named a winner of ams conference oral presentation competitionmar 30 2022montana etten-bohm a phd candidate in the department of atmospheric sciences was selected as a winner of the oral presentation competition at the american meteorological societys 27th conference on probability and statistics which was held virtually earlier this year she presented a recent study in a talk entitled using advanced statistical models to predict lightning in gcms with coauthors lin zhu dr courtney schumacher dr mikyoung jun and dr yangyang xu etten-bohm will graduate with her phd this may and in august will join the faculty at university of north dakota's department of atmospheric sciences as an instructional assistant professor by joy lai
montana etten-bohm a phd candidate in the department of atmospheric sciences was selected as a winner of the oral presentation competition at the american meteorological societys 27th conference on probability and statistics which was held virtually earlier this year she presented a recent study in a talk entitled using advanced statistical models to predict lightning in gcms with coauthors lin zhu dr courtney schumacher dr mikyoung jun and dr yangyang xu etten-bohm will graduate with her phd this may and in august will join the faculty at university of north dakota's department of atmospheric sciences as an instructional assistant professor by joy lai