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elizabeth cobbs a professor and the melbern g glasscock chair in american history at texas a&m university is hosting the second wave: revolutionary women of color on march 24 and 25 the pioneers panel on march 24 at 5:00 pm gives students faculty and the public an opportunity to hear frances beal martha cotera and yvonne swan three women of color who were leaders of the second wave of feminism tell their stories traditionally theres been this sort of negative assumption that womens rights and feminism were always just about middle-class privileged white women who wanted things their own way which is not accurate cobbs said women of all backgrounds did important work that gave us a better country frances beal shed light on the intersectionality of race class and gender in american society in her 1969 article double jeopardy: to be black and female martha cotera authored the 1977 pamphlet the chicana feminist and fiercely advocated for better bilingual programs in schools in 1977 yvonne swan fought and overturned an unfair prison sentence for defending her children against a violent attacker transforming the justice systems handling of cases involving battered women each woman was integral to the progress made during the civil rights era all are a testament to the strength courage and unrelenting force that is demanded for widespread change to occur during this historic one-time panel discussion beal cotera and swan will share their unique experiences navigating the civil rights and womens movements from the 1960s to the 1980s in that era law really began to be applied equally the full protection of the constitution was finally extended to women in the 1960s and 70s cobbs explained all these institutions that nobody ever thought about and that we take for granted nowadays like battered womens shelters or girls sports teams came about at this time these were the women who endured enormous hardships to make that happen leroy g dorsey a communication professor and associate dean for inclusive excellence and strategic initiatives will provide a formal welcome to pioneers panel attendees he expressed his reverence for the panelists and the monumental progress they helped make the college is proud to help showcase some of the pioneering women of color whose tireless commitment during the years of second wave feminism have resulted in major contributions that continue to shape the fabric of american culture dorsey stated to highlight the influence of women like beal cotera and swan cobbs is also hosting a day-long conference on march 25 the day kicks off at 9:30 am and includes graduate student panelists conducting research on second-wave feminism as well as presentations from scholars across the country who have investigated the organizational roots of women of color during the second wave of feminism attendees can rsvp for the pioneers panel on march 24 featuring beal cotera and swan at txag/2ndwavepanel and the following days conference at txag/2ndwaveconference the public is invited to hear the stories perspectives and experiences behind the groundbreaking second wave of feminism and the future it continues to forge
attica locke a novelist and producer for television and film is the 2022 keynote speaker for brazos valley reads (bvr) on april 6 from 7-8 pm she will discuss her novels and her experiences as a screenwriter and producer as well as answer questions via zoom anyone who lives in the brazos valley and enjoys literature should consider attending jason harris the organizer of bvr and instructional associate professor in the department of english said its a bit like being in a giant book club where the author actually shows up since locke also writes about east texas theres that additional regional appeal lockes novel-writing and screenwriting tackles painful issues of how racism and alienation are embedded in texas communities while also creating compelling narratives exploring love greed crime and identity lockes most recent work as a television writer and producer include netflixs when they see us the hulu adaptation of little fires everywhere and the upcoming netflix adaptation of from scratch with six awards for her novels bluebird bluebird heaven my home pleasantville and the cutting season lockes publishing career began over a decade ago when she stepped away from the hustle and bustle of hollywood to pursue novel writing with a novel youre just quietly with yourself and you are only in alliance with yourself locke said you have no one to answer to but yourself that gives novel writing a kind of purity of experience and purity of voice with novels whatever is on the page is me and just me with tv its so deeply collaborative that no one person can say they did the whole thing born and raised in houston lockes novels depict east texas from the perspective of black people in different time periods i write a lot with setting in mind both in terms of place and time locke shared all of my books have a timeline at the front that says where you are in space and time im really interested in characters who can only be understood in time and space in which we find them that couldnt exist in any other way whatever is happening in my books is always connected to the past theres always a bit of history in everything that i do through novels about black texans in different historical periods and her presentation at bvr locke hopes to change the way her readers think about texas history and american history in general i hope my readers learn to broaden their understanding of american history to include the stories of black folks and black texans locke explained i hope to broaden peoples understanding of what texas is and what it means to be a texan its much broader than we think ive always believed that books grow your mind and grow your heart because they allow you to see from different perspectives my hope is that thats what my books do texas a&m universitys department of english began brazos valley reads in 2005 to encourage unity between texas a&ms students and staff and the brazos valley community the program also aims to encourage shared cultural and educational experiences within these communities
before she was archiving priceless political documents for the university of texas benson latin american collection martha cotera was born in casas grandes chihuahua mexico she grew up playing by the indigenous settlement site of the mogollon culture which would later be discovered by the university of texas and the mexican government the communities around them knew that they were there when it rained things would come out like little necklaces and tokens cotera shared my grandmother always made us put them back later on cotera moved to el paso after her mother remarried where she attended elementary and high school she loved learning and was active in her newspaper and english club despite her deep affinity for education she was faced with discrimination when her teachers graded her and other latinos lower than their white peers you had to fight for your grades otherwise youd get all cs cotera recalled consequently a lot of the mexicanos who went on to college were very successful and the anglos that had grade inflation they didnt do so well cotera went on to attend college at university of texas at el paso which was called texas western college at the time during her time there she worked as a librarian and found the significance of archiving important literature in 1963 she graduated and married her college sweetheart the two of them moved to austin where they faced a city much different from today before i had been a middle-of-the-road civil-rights worker; a political worker here and there but coming to austin i was totally radicalized and ive never gone back said cotera austin was very progressive for white people and very southern democrat for others in 1971 cotera and her husband founded la raza unida party a texas political party that promoted the election of mexican-american officials at the height of the chicano civil rights movement although the partys aim was to fight the oppression of all mexican-americans cotera sought to mobilize chicanas within the party in pursuit of another movement before raza unida i was very involved in promoting the equal rights amendment when my husband and i became founders of la raza unida i started working on a womens caucus within the party cotera explained it just makes sense to me because if youre working for liberation you cant do it by gender its a liberation for all at first la raza unida party discouraged its womens caucus from entering the womens movement they felt that if chicanas joined mainstream feminism the strength of their main party would be diluted cotera and her female colleagues thought the opposite
we had feminists working within the chicano movement and within raza unida and then we had some of us working within the mainstream feminist movement with people like ann richards and hillary clinton said cotera people would ask our movement in particular why would you want to do that we wanted to peel off women and others anyone was welcome to come into la raza unida party and to come into our movement we didnt care what color they were we wanted them as our colleagues despite the strength and size of las mujeres de la raza unida cotera felt that the mainstream feminist movement didnt utilize their power working with the feminist movement was very difficult cotera said a lot of the feminist movement had a blind eye when it came to women of color they treated native american women asian women and african american women the same way but particularly chicanas because they thought we were passive according to cotera the exclusion was frustrating because it was widely felt that most of the feminist movement consisted of women with little activist experience many chicanas had long been involved in grassroots activism notably protesting the harsh conditions of migrant camps in agricultural fields latinas also had higher percentages of labor participation than their white counterparts and more experience with community involvement when the women dropped the ball in 1980 when the administration changed to republican and all the things we had worked for on behalf of women went away it was a real tragedy cotera said they could not understand what we brought to the table they couldnt understand why we were valuable they couldnt see past their own upbringing and lens of what we could bring cotera continues to support women from the grassroots and state levels and feels that today the real action lies in grassroots activism the way she sees it latinas have continued to be effective in grassroots communities the loss they faced has become a legacy of strength perseverance and winning battles and the results are evident in the number of latinas running for office you know everytime i lecture at a university class the first thing i ask is how many of you think that latina women are passive theres not a single hand that goes up cotera laughed i have yet to see a latino hand go up who thinks our women are passive because they know otherwise cotera is one of three revolutionary women of color providing a window into the historical fight for womens rights during the second wave: revolutionary women of color on march 24 and 25
yvonne swan a colville native american who lives on the colville reservation northwest of spokane washington found herself in a mothers nightmare on aug 12 1972 the day before swans son was playing outside when william wesler a known child molester who lived next door to swan grabbed her young son and tried to drag him into his house swans son managed to break away and ran to his babysitters home that evening swan and her children spent the night at the babysitters house her sisters family joined them wesler decided to visit the three women and children at the babysitters house in the early morning hours of aug 12 1972 moments after wesler got in the house he attempted to move toward my 3-year-old nephew who was awakened by the shouting swan recalled wesler moved toward him sayingwhat a cute little boy when my little nephew saw wesler he started crying thats when my sister moved to shout at wesler to stay away from her son and i became afraid for her she was looking up at him and shouting and he turned toward her and i thought he might hurt her all i could think of was we were all in danger i looked for her husband and when i turned [wesler] was in front of me and i panicked swan shot the 610 white man
on mothers day in 1973 swan was convicted of second-degree felony murder and first-degree assault for killing their attacker after two appeals swan served five years on probation in exchange for a plea deal her grueling experience with sexism and racism within the court inspired her to advocate for other women and native americans within the court system with the help of an all-woman defense team the supreme court ruled that swan was entitled to have a jury consider her actions in light of her perceptions of the situation including those perceptions which were the product of our nations long and unfortunate history of sex discrimination i noticed a certain amount of condescension in the beginning of the trial and i thought it was due to racism but as i became acquainted with women of different cultures including feminists i realized sexism was involved as well swan said i later reflected on the verbal and non-verbal cues among a few male lawyers i encountered and i saw it this broadened my thinking about feminism and i wondered how condescension began and how it can be overcome
as a result of the ruling in her case the law regarding women and self-defense across the united states changed forever swan also worked for the international indian treaty council where she and others brought violations of indigenous human rights to the worlds attention she continues to advocate for native american rights and successfully helped her people get their ancient ancestral remains returned to them and reburied i dont know when discrimination against women began swan said all i know is its been used against us for too long and the general population needs to be enlightened about honor and respect for women on many levels having one month each year to globally focus on this education is a good start to that end swan was an advocate for womens rights before the incident with wesler placed her among pioneers in the second wave of feminism from a very young age she was exposed to discrimination on the basis of her and her familys identities her mother was one of her main inspirations for bringing an intersectional view of feminism to light at eight years of age i witnessed racism against my mother and it made me angry swan shared racism began with greed for power and riches dating back centuries changing that would be a huge undertaking; instead i tried to get along with people if they were interested in my culture i was happy to share and find common ground my advocacy for other people involved with the courts was the natural thing to do because i empathized my defense for our land rights came from my mothers teaching me since my childhood she was my best mentor
forty-five years after the decision of her landmark court case swan said advocating for womens rights is just as important as it was back then i see it as a matter of life or death swan explained if we do not educate the masses that we women deserve respect nothing will change and babies girls women and grandmothers will continue to be mistreated on march 24 and 25 the brazos valley community can hear swan and two other women of color share their stories of triumph and protest during the second wave: revolutionary women of color event an event hosted by elizabeth cobbs the second wave event will leave attendees inspired to continue making the world a more equitable place for people of all identities if we want positive change we must become active swan said the best way to prepare for that is to arm yourself with cross-cultural knowledge unity among humankind has been my greatest wish and i hope this event will help get us closer to a better understanding and appreciation for our differences and commonalities
texas music artists often speak of the states charm such as restless hearts the bluest eyes in texas and willie nelsons beautiful texas it seems that its lush landscape is a muse for many in contrast to the states scenic beauty invisible deserts sprawl these lands maternity care deserts according to march of dimes are counties with limited or absent access to maternity health care services they are one of the many indirect effects covid-19 has on the healthcare system joan b wolf a womens and gender studies professor at texas a&m university said the pandemic has affected womens healthcare significantly in rural areas its about priorities wolf said rural healthcare has been something we have not spent a lot of resources on only 40% of texas rural hospitals provide labor and delivery services causing many patients to drive hundreds of miles to give birth some patients arrive at hospitals to be quickly diverted to a different location due to a lack of resources others who are too far along in labor give birth in emergency rooms or parking lots because more than half of rural hospitals are publicly funded most find difficulty in negotiating salaries with healthcare workers many nurses have exchanged traditional staff positions for higher paying travel nurse contracts others have had to take leave after getting sick or having their family members get sick due to this mass exodus of labor hospitals have had to cut costs and maternity services are the first to go beyond increasing rural maternity deserts wolf said people of color have long received poor care in the american healthcare system women of color often face discrimination including from doctors and strong evidence shows that this wears on their bodies black teen mothers actually have healthier babies than black women in their twenties and thirties possibly because they have weathered discrimination for a shorter amount of time the reverse is true for white teens and women another factor putting pregnant people of color at risk are that they are particularly vulnerable to job loss in the face of covid-19 march of dimes reports that latinas and black women are facing rates of 153 percent and 14 percent unemployment respectively without a steady income unemployed people have less access to the transportation and payment needed for medical treatment maternal mortality is worse in the united states than in europe and for black women it has been worse than in some countries in the global south wolf stated its shameful
frances beal grew up in binghamton new york having a black father and jewish mother beal experienced anti-semitism racism and sexism early on as an adult beal advocated for black feminism reproduction rights abortion rights and racial justice on march 24 and 25 she is one of three women of color who will be telling their stories of activism at the event titled the second wave: revolutionary women of color as the name of the panel suggests beal is a revolutionary woman beal co-founded the third world womens alliance wrote the pamphlet double jeopardy: to be black and female was the editor of the newspapers triple jeopardy and the black womans voice in her time as an activist beal challenged things that were fundamental within society but that she saw as flawed and hindering the progression of society standing up for womens rights is deeply personal for beal i personally had a friend from high school who died from a backstreet abortion beal shared right from the beginning i was pro access to abortion because i had her in the back of my mind the whole time this wonderful intelligent black woman would be walking the face of this earth if she had had access to a legal abortion beal also attributes her inspiration to advocate for social justice to her family and the era in which she came of age i came from an activist family in a small town beal explained my mother was communist my father was a labor activist and my mother was jewish while my dad was african american i also came from a generation where everybody was impacted by the vietnam war brothers boyfriends fathers…and they had to figure out how to interact with a war that many of us felt was unjust and that we didnt belong in it had a tremendous impact on the economy and it affected the number of social programs we had access to because all the money was going to the military
beal also got more involved in feminism by doing her own research out of curiosity while attending sorbonne university in paris as a young newlywed she perused second-hand bookstores for leftist womens literature today she encourages other women and young girls to also do more research about feminism and social justice there are a lot of reactionary forces out there that are trying to push women back into the 1950s beal said we see that most in the struggle for reproductive freedom and reproductive rights and the struggle for abortion rights we also see women from the lgbtq community who are putting forward their own demands in terms of equality justice and freedom they are in the forefront of people being murdered just because of their gender identification as far as some of the demands that were made for equal pay for equal work we see even in the sports arena how females are paid a minimal amount of money compared to what their male counterparts are paid all of this is going on right this minute beal reminds us that feminism is still important today as women in various fields fight for equal pay and reproductive freedom womens history month beginning march 1 is a time to remember not only the inequalities women overcome but to educate people in order to create a more equitable society for all regardless of sex class or race the second wave: revolutionary women of color on march 24 and 25 gives beal and two other women of color the space to educate and commemorate the fight for womens rights the struggle for justice for women is certainly not over particularly for the working class and women of color beal said its very important that younger women know womens history and can embrace it today and move forward
the texas sea grant college program at texas a&m university has opened its grants-in-aid of graduate research program (gia) competition as of march 1 2022 the program provides small two-year research grants to graduate students currently enrolled in masters or phd programs at one of five texas a&m university system institutions: texas a&m university texas a&m university at galveston texas a&m university-corpus christi texas a&m university-kingsville and west texas a&m university gia grants are awarded after a competitive proposal review process and are designed to promote scientific excellence and achievement funded gia projects must be marine- or coastal-related research and relevant to texas though not necessarily based in texas texas sea grant considers proposals from all disciplines including the natural physical social behavioral and economic sciences and engineering grants are based on merit and in part on the financial needs of the applicant proposals are due to texas sea grant by 5 pm on april 1 for more details visit txag/giafunding