hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
The 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division was an infantry division of Britain's Territorial Army (TA). The division was first formed in 1908, as the Wessex Division. During the First World War, it was broken-up and never served as a complete formation. It was reformed in the TA in 1920, and then served in the campaign in North West Europe from June 1944 until May 1945, during the Second World War. The division suffered heavy casualties and gained an excellent reputation. After the Second World War, the division formed part of the postwar TA, and became the 43rd (Wessex) Division/District in 1961. It was finally disbanded in 1967.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.
Historian
A historian is a scholar who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. Some historians are recognized by publications or training and experience. "Historian" became a professional occupation in the late nineteenth century as research universities were emerging in Germany. The professionalization process spread to Japan, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Russia, Scandinavia, Greece, Romania, and Latin America, with each adapting the German model with local modifications.

Scholarly method
The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise. These principles and practices aim to ensure the validity and trustworthiness of the claims, and to disseminate them to the scholarly community. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and practice of a scholarly or academic field of study through rigorous inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated, or elaborated, and that can be and is peer reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists use to bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians use to verify their claims.
2017 European Amputee Football Championship
The 2017 European Amputee Football Championship was the fourth edition of the annual international competition of amputee football national men's teams. It was organized by the European Amputee Football Federation (EAFF), and was held in Istanbul, Turkey between October 2–9, 2017. The championship's drawing ceremony took place in Riva, Istanbul on August 19 to determine the groups.

Turkey won the title for the first time, defeating England in the final. Poland became bronze medalist before Spain. All matches were played at the Turkish Football Federation Hasan Doğan National Teams Camp and Training Facility in Riva, Beykoz but the final at Vodafone Park in Beşiktaş.

2021 European Amputee Football Championship
The 2021 European Amputee Football Championship was the fifth edition of the international competition of amputee football national men's teams. It was organized by the European Amputee Football Federation (EAFF), and was held in Kraków, Poland between September 12–19, 2021. Turkey won the title for the second time, defeating Spain in the final. Poland became bronze medalist before Russia.
English Channel
The English Channel, also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France. It links to the southern part of the North Sea by the Strait of Dover at its northeastern end. It is the busiest shipping area in the world.

It is about 560 kilometres (300 nautical miles; 350 statute miles) long and varies in width from 240 km (130 nmi; 150 mi) at its widest to 34 km (18 nmi; 21 mi) at its narrowest in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some 75,000 square kilometres (22,000 square nautical miles; 29,000 square miles).

The Channel aided the United Kingdom in becoming a naval superpower, serving as a natural defence against invasions, such as in the Napoleonic Wars and in the Second World War.

The northern (English) coast of the Channel is more populous than the southern (French) coast. The major languages spoken in this region are English and French.

Seven Sisters, East Sussex
50°46′N 0°10′E﻿ / ﻿50.76°N 0.16°E﻿ / 50.76; 0.16
The Seven Sisters are a series of chalk sea cliffs on the English Channel coast, and are a stretch of the sea-eroded section of the South Downs range of hills, in the county of East Sussex, in south-east England. The Seven Sisters cliffs run between the mouth of the River Cuckmere near Seaford, and the chalk headland of Beachy Head outside of Eastbourne. The dips or swales that separate each of the seven crests from the next are the remnants of dry valleys in the chalk South Downs which are being gradually eroded by the sea.

Some of the cliffs and adjacent countryside make up the Seven Sisters Country Park, which is bounded on its inland side by the A259 road, and is itself a part of the larger South Downs National Park.
Trioecy
Trioecy is a sexual system characterized by the coexistence of males, females, and hermaphrodites. It has been found in both plants and animals. Like androdioecy and gynodioecy, trioecy is a mixed mating systems.

Monoecy
Monoecy (from Ancient Greek  μονοικία (monoikía) 'one household'; adj. monoecious), is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy, and contrasted with dioecy where individual plants produce cones or flowers of only one sex, and with bisexual or hermaphroditic plants in which male and female gametes are produced in the same flower.

Monoecy often co-occurs with anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers on the same plant.: 32

Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin.
Karlie Kloss
Karlie Elizabeth Kloss (born August 3, 1992) is an American supermodel and entrepreneur. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2013 until 2015, when she enrolled as a student at New York University. By 2019, Kloss had appeared on 40 international Vogue covers. She has signed with several top modeling agencies throughout her career, including Elite Model Management, Next Management, IMG Models, and The Society. In 2019, she became the host of the reality competition television series Project Runway.

Apart from modeling, Kloss works to provide reproductive rights for women and supports programs for women in STEM fields. She founded "Kode with Klossy", a nonprofit which provides free coding camps for girls and non-binary teens. In 2022, Kloss launched Gateway Coalition, providing financial and logistical support to abortion clinics throughout the Midwestern United States.

In 2023, Kloss acquired i-D Magazine and became its chief executive officer (CEO).

Jourdan Dunn
Jourdan Sherise Dunn (born 3 August 1990) is a British model. She was discovered in Hammersmith Primark in 2006 and signed to The Squad Management in London. She began appearing on international runways in early 2007. In February 2008, she was the first black model to walk a Prada runway in over a decade.

In April 2014, it was announced that Dunn was signed as the new face of Maybelline New York. As of July 2014, she was declared an icon by models.com. Dunn is considered to be one of her generation's supermodels.
GT World Challenge America
GT World Challenge America is a North American auto racing series launched in 1990 by the Sports Car Club of America. It has been managed by the SRO Motorsports Group since 2018, and has been sanctioned by the United States Auto Club since 2017.

The series functions as the highest level of SRO Motorsports America race weekends, supported by the Pirelli GT4 America, GT America, Toyota GR Cup North America, TC America, and McLaren Trophy America series. A GT World Challenge America race weekend consists of two 90 minute races held exclusively for GT3-class race cars, though it has been confirmed that the format will change to a single three hour race per weekend beginning in 2026.

International GT Open
The International GT Open is a grand tourer-style sports car racing series founded in 2006 by the Spanish GT Sport Organización.  It was a spin-off of the now-defunct Spanish GT Championship, but is now a distinct series featuring FIA GT3-spec cars modified from production road cars.
Seven Seas Entertainment
Seven Seas Entertainment is an American publishing company located in Los Angeles, California. It was originally dedicated to the publication of original English-language manga, but now publishes licensed manga and light novels from Japan, as well as select webcomics. The company is headed by Jason DeAngelis, who coined the term "world manga" with the October 2004 launch of the company's website.

Kodansha USA
Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC is a publishing company based in New York, US, and a subsidiary of Japan's largest publishing company Kodansha. Established in July 1st 2008, Kodansha USA publishes books relating to Japan, Japanese culture, and manga, the latter under their Kodansha Manga imprint (formerly Kodansha Comics).

In 2020, Kodansha announced that it had consolidated Kodansha Advanced Media and Vertical into Kodansha USA Publishing, with Kodansha Advanced Media general manager Alvin Lu becoming the president and CEO of Kodansha USA Publishing.

On March 9, 2021, Kodansha USA Publishing announced it had rebranded and relaunched its website, and unified Kodansha Comics, Kodansha USA International, and Vertical under the Kodansha name, and Kodansha Comics being renamed Kodansha Manga.
Merseburg
Merseburg (German pronunciation: [ˈmɛʁzəbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in central Germany in southern Saxony-Anhalt, situated on the river Saale, and approximately 14 km south of Halle (Saale) and 30 km west of Leipzig. It is the capital of the Saalekreis district. It had a diocese founded by Archbishop Adalbert of Magdeburg.
The University of Merseburg is located within the town. Merseburg has around 35,000 inhabitants.

Bad Lauchstädt
Bad Lauchstädt (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈlaʊxʃtɛt] ⓘ; until 1925 Lauchstädt), officially the Goethe Town of Bad Lauchstädt (German: Goethestadt Bad Lauchstädt), is a town in the district Saalekreis, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, 13 km southwest of Halle. Population 8,781 (2020).

In January 2008, Bad Lauchstädt incorporated the former municipalities Schafstädt, Delitz am Berge and Klobikau. On 1 January 2010 Milzau was also incorporated, disbanding the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Bad Lauchstädt. Bad Lauchstädt, Delitz am Berge, Klobikau, Milzau and Schafstädt are now Ortschaften or municipal divisions of the town Bad Lauchstädt.
Battle of Gibraltar (1607)
The naval Battle of Gibraltar took place on 25 April 1607, during the Eighty Years' War, when a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar. During the four hours of action, most of the Spanish ships were destroyed.

Twelve Years' Truce
The Twelve Years' Truce was a ceasefire during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, agreed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 and ended on 9 April 1621. While European powers like France began treating the Republic as a sovereign state, the Spanish viewed it as a temporary measure forced on them by financial exhaustion and domestic issues and did not formally recognise Dutch independence until the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. The Truce allowed Philip III of Spain to focus his resources elsewhere, while Archdukes Albert and Isabella used it to consolidate Habsburg rule and implement the Counter-Reformation in the Southern Netherlands.
Rahway, New Jersey
Rahway (/ˈrɔːweɪ/) is a city in southern Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. A bedroom community of New York City, it is centrally located in the Rahway Valley region, in the New York metropolitan area. The city is 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Manhattan and 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Staten Island.

Built on the navigable Rahway River, it was an industrial and artisanal craft city for much of its history. The city has increasingly reinvented itself in recent years as a diverse regional hub for the arts and biological sciences, with a new global headquarters for Merck & Co.

As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 29,556, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 2,210 (+8.1%) from the 27,346 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 846 (+3.2%) from the 26,500 counted in the 2000 census.

Roselle, New Jersey
Roselle (/roʊˈzɛl/ row-ZELL) is a borough located in Union County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 22,695, an increase of 1,610 (+7.6%) from the 2010 census count of 21,085, which in turn reflected a decline of 189 (−0.9%) from the 21,274 counted in the 2000 census. The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 22,342 in 2023, a decrease of 353 (−1.6%).
Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube
Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube, more commonly referred to as Mogi Mirim, is a Brazilian football club based in Mogi Mirim, São Paulo. It competes in the Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão, the fifth tier of the São Paulo state football league.

Founded on 1 February 1932, the team's home ground is the Estádio Vail Chaves, which has a capacity of 19,900.

The club's home colours are red and white and the team mascot is a toad.

Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba)
Esporte Clube XV de Novembro, commonly referred to as XV de Piracicaba, is a professional association football club based in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The club competes in the Série D, the fourth tier of the Brazilian football league system, as well as in the Campeonato Paulista Série A2, the second tier of the São Paulo state football league.

A traditional São Paulo club, founded in 1913, XV de Piracicaba was runner-up in the 1976 São Paulo State Football Championship. Furthermore, it has five titles in the Campeonato Paulista Série A2 (1947, 1948, 1967, 1983 and 2011), one title in the Copa Brasil Central (1969), one title in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C (1995) and three titles in the Copa Paulista (2016, 2022 and 2025).

The club was founded in 1913 and its most famous President was Romeu Italo Ripoli. His affectionate nickname is "Nhô Quim".
Marlon Dingle
Marlon Dingle is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Mark Charnock. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 17 October 1996. Following the departure of Zak Dingle (Steve Halliwell), Marlon currently serves as the second longest-running character featuring in the programme, surpassed only by Eric Pollard (Chris Chittell). In terms of appearances, Marlon serves as the character with the most appearances to date, having appeared in over 3900 episodes. He is also the only one to appear in all 5 direct-to-home-media Emmerdale films. For his portrayal of Marlon, Charnock won the British Soap Award for Outstanding Achievement at the 2023 British Soap Awards.

Jane Cox
Jane Cox (born 13 May 1952) is an English actress, known for her role as Lisa Dingle in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale, a role she portrayed from 1996 to 2019 and again briefly in 2020 and in 2024. In 2011, she was nominated for the British Soap Award for Best Actress for her portrayal.
West Midlands Combined Authority
The West Midlands Combined Authority (WMCA) is the combined authority for the West Midlands metropolitan county in the United Kingdom. It was established on 17 June 2016 by statutory instrument under the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. It is a strategic authority with powers over transport, economic development and regeneration.

North East Combined Authority
The North East Combined Authority (NECA) is a combined authority in North East England. It has a directly-elected Mayor and seven member councils: two are unitary authorities (Durham and Northumberland) and five are metropolitan borough councils (Gateshead, Newcastle, North Tyneside, South Tyneside and Sunderland). The combined authority's area and the separate Tees Valley devolved region occupy the wider statistical region of North East England.

The authority was announced on 28 December 2022 in the  North East devolution deal. On 6 March 2024, the Government announced the North East deeper devolution deal, which allowed the new authority to absorb multiple previous devolved bodies and gave NECA increased devolved powers. The first election for the authority took place on 2 May 2024. The replacement of both the non-mayoral North East Combined Authority and the North of Tyne Combined Authority happened on 7 May 2024. The new combined authority was operational by the end of May 2024.
Canterbury scene
The Canterbury scene (or Canterbury sound) is a musical scene that originated in the city of Canterbury, Kent, England during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Associated with progressive rock, the term describes a loosely defined, improvisational style that blended elements of jazz, rock, and psychedelia.

These musicians played together in numerous bands, with ever-changing and overlapping personnel, creating some similarities in their musical output.  Many prominent British avant-garde or fusion musicians began their career in Canterbury bands, including Hugh Hopper, Steve Hillage, Dave Stewart, Robert Wyatt, Kevin Ayers, Richard Sinclair, Tony Coe, Daevid Allen, and Mike Ratledge.

Experimental rock
Experimental rock (originally known as avant-garde rock or avant-rock) is a subgenre of rock music that emerged in the 1960s. The genre emphasizes innovation over commercial appeal, incorporating influences and ideas lifted from avant-garde music through traditional rock music instrumentation. It is primarily characterized by its use of unconventional song structures, musical techniques, rhythms and lyricism, usually deemed challenging, difficult, inaccessible or underground.
Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.

Pierre Jaquet-Droz
Pierre Jaquet-Droz (French: [ʒakɛ dʁo]; 1721–1790) was a watchmaker of the late eighteenth century. He was born on 28 July 1721 in La Chaux-de-Fonds, in the Principality of Neuchâtel. He lived in Paris, London, and Geneva, where he designed and built animated dolls known as automata to help his firm sell watches and mechanical caged songbirds.

The Jaquet Droz luxury watch brand is now owned by The Swatch Group.
2008 Washington Redskins season
The 2008 season was the Washington Redskins' 77th in the National Football League (NFL) and their first under head coach Jim Zorn.

They failed to improve upon their 9–7 record from 2007 and finished with an 8–8 record despite starting the season 6–2. In addition to their regular games with NFC East rivals, the Redskins played teams from the NFC West and AFC North as per the schedule rotation, and also played intraconference games against the Detroit Lions and the New Orleans Saints based on divisional positions from 2007.

2008 Seattle Seahawks season
The 2008 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 33rd season in the National Football League (NFL), the seventh season in Qwest Field, and the tenth and final under head coach Mike Holmgren. The Seahawks' streak of four consecutive NFC West divisional championships was broken, as they fell to a 4–12 record and missed the playoffs for the first time since 2002.
Putnam County, Tennessee
Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 79,854. Its county seat is Cookeville. Putnam County is part of the Cookeville, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Maury County, Tennessee
Maury County (/ˈmʌri/ MURR-ee) is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee, in the Middle Tennessee region. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,974. Its county seat is Columbia. Maury County is part of the Nashville metropolitan area.
Tattersalls Gold Cup
The Tattersalls Gold Cup is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile, 2 furlongs and 110 yards (2,112 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.

Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud
The Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at Saint-Cloud over a distance of 2,400 metres (about 1½ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.
Ernie Dingo
Ernest Ashley Dingo AM (born 31 July 1956) is an Indigenous Australian comedian, actor and TV presenter, originating from the Yamatji people of the Murchison region of Western Australia. He is a designated Australian National Living Treasure.

Bran Nue Dae (film)
Bran Nue Dae is a 2009 Australian musical comedy-drama film directed by Rachel Perkins and written by Perkins and Reg Cribb. A feature film adaptation of the 1990 stage musical Bran Nue Dae by Jimmy Chi, the film tells the story of the coming of age of an Aboriginal Australian teenager on a road trip in the late 1960s.
Whitehouse (band)
Whitehouse were an English noise music band formed in 1980. The group is largely credited for the founding of the power electronics genre. Whitehouse was founded by vocalist William Bennett and ended as a duo consisting of Bennett and electronics player Philip Best; however, the group is perhaps best recognized for their 20-year tenure as a three-piece with synth player Peter Sotos, who joined the band in 1983 and left in 2003.

Einstürzende Neubauten
Einstürzende Neubauten (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪnˌʃtʏʁtsn̩də ˈnɔyˌbaʊtn̩], lit. 'Collapsing New Buildings') is a German experimental music group, formed in West Berlin in 1980. The band currently comprises founding members Blixa Bargeld (lead vocals, guitar, keyboard) and N.U. Unruh (custom-made instruments, percussion, vocals), plus Jochen Arbeit (guitar, vocals), and Rudolph Moser (custom-built instruments, percussion, vocals), who both joined the line-up in 1997.

One of their trademarks is the use of custom-built instruments, predominantly made out of scrap metal and building tools, and noises, in addition to standard musical instruments. Their early albums were unremittingly harsh, with Bargeld's vocals shouted and screamed above a din of banging and scraping metal percussion. Subsequent recordings found the group's sound growing somewhat more conventional, yet still containing many unorthodox elements.