hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Welch Regiment
The Welch Regiment (or "The Welch", an archaic spelling of "Welsh") was an infantry regiment of the line of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1969. The regiment was created in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 41st (Welch) Regiment of Foot and 69th (South Lincolnshire) Regiment of Foot to form the Welsh Regiment, by which it was known until 1920 when it was renamed the Welch Regiment. In 1969 the regiment was amalgamated with the South Wales Borderers to form the Royal Regiment of Wales.

Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
The Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) was a line infantry regiment of the English and later the British Army from 1661 to 1959. It was the senior English line infantry regiment of the British Army, behind only the Royal Scots in the British Army line infantry order of precedence.

In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the East Surrey Regiment, to form a single county regiment called the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment which was, on 31 December 1966, amalgamated with the Queen's Own Buffs, The Royal Kent Regiment, the Royal Sussex Regiment and the Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) to form the Queen's Regiment. Following a further amalgamation in 1992 with the Royal Hampshire Regiment, the lineage of the regiment is continued today by the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment (Queen's and Royal Hampshires).
Fox River Grove, Illinois
Fox River Grove (FRG) is a village in Algonquin Township, McHenry County and Cuba Township, Lake County, Illinois, United States. As per 2020 census, the population was 4,702. In 1919, the village of Fox River Grove was officially incorporated, becoming the ninth village in McHenry County. The Grove is situated along the southern shore of the Fox River.

Wauconda, Illinois
Wauconda (/ˌwɔːˈkɒndə/ or /wəˈkɒndə/) is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States, a northwest suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, the population was 14,084. It is the site of the Wauconda Bog Nature Preserve, a National Natural Landmark. Wauconda Community Unit School District 118  serves students from Pre-K through 12th grade who live in Wauconda and surrounding communities (Island Lake, Lakemoor, Volo, and unincorporated sections of McHenry County). Fremont School District 79 also serves students from communities from northern part of Wauconda.
Kermadec Islands
The Kermadec Islands (/ˈkɜːrmədɛk/ KUR-mə-dek; Māori: Rangitāhua) are a subtropical island arc in the South Pacific Ocean 800–1,000 km (500–620 mi; 430–540 nmi) northeast of New Zealand's North Island, and a similar distance southwest of Tonga. The islands are part of New Zealand. They are 33.6 km2 (13.0 sq mi) in total area and uninhabited, except for the permanently staffed Raoul Island Station, the northernmost outpost of New Zealand.

The islands are listed with the New Zealand outlying islands. The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district, but instead an Area Outside Territorial Authority.

Kermadec Trench
The Kermadec Trench is a linear ocean trench in the south Pacific Ocean.  It stretches about 1,000 km (620 mi) from the Louisville Seamount Chain in the north (26°S) to the Hikurangi Plateau in the south (37°S), north-east of New Zealand's North Island. Together with the Tonga Trench to the north, it forms the 2,000 km (1,200 mi)-long, near-linear Kermadec-Tonga subduction system, which began to evolve in the Eocene when the Pacific plate started to subduct beneath the Australian plate. Convergence rates along this subduction system are among the fastest on Earth, 80 mm (3.1 in)/yr in the north and 45 mm (1.8 in)/yr in the south.
Settle, North Yorkshire
Settle is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the town had a population of 2,421 in the 2001 census, increasing to 2,564 at the 2011 census.

Bentham, North Yorkshire
Bentham is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, with a population of 3,027 at the 2011 Census.  The parish includes the town High Bentham, occasionally known as Higher Bentham or just Bentham, and the older adjacent village Low Bentham.

The town lies on the River Wenning, just west of the Yorkshire Dales National Park and on the northern edge of the Forest of Bowland. The original centre of the town lay in Low Bentham, but a market was granted to High Bentham in the 14th century, and it became a centre for weaving from the 18th century, particularly after weavers in the town discovered how to weave hosepipes from flax.

It was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven; it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The name Bentham derives from the Old English beonethām meaning 'bentgrass village'.
Hikari Shimizu
Hikari Shimizu (清水ひかり, Shimizu Hikari; born April 22, 1993) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working as a freelancer and is best known for her tenure with the Japanese promotions Actwres girl'Z and Pro Wrestling Wave.

Ami Sohrei
Ami Miura (三浦 亜美, Miura Ami; born March 20, 1997), better known by her ring name Ami Sohrei (壮麗 亜美, Sōrei Ami), is a Japanese professional wrestler. She is signed to World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she is a member of God's Eye.

Sohrei is a former one-time Future of Stardom Champion and one-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion.
Grayling, Michigan
Grayling (/ˈɡreɪlɪŋ/ GRAY-ling) is a city in and the county seat of Crawford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the only incorporated community in Crawford County. As of the 2020 census, Grayling had a population of 1,867. The city is surrounded by Grayling Charter Township, but the two are administered autonomously.

The city is located in the middle of the Northern Michigan region at the junctions of Interstate 75, U.S. Route 127, M-72, and M-93.  Grayling is well known for hosting the Au Sable River Canoe Marathon in July of every year since 1947. The city is named after the grayling species of fish once abundant in the Au Sable River, although the species has been extirpated in Michigan since 1936. There have been many attempts to bring grayling back to the area but none have been successful.

Gaylord, Michigan
Gaylord (/ˈɡeɪlərd/ GAY-lərd) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Otsego County, and the only city within the county. Gaylord had a population of 4,286 at the 2020 census, an increase from 3,645 at the 2010 census.

Gaylord styles itself as an "alpine village" and contains many buildings in the downtown area with Tyrolean style motifs. Receiving abundant snowfall and experiencing mild summer temperatures, the area around Gaylord has long been known for its many skiing and golf resorts, one of the largest such concentrations in the Midwestern United States.
122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30)
The 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) (GRAU index: 52-G-463) is a Soviet 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) howitzer. The weapon was developed by the design bureau of Motovilikha Plants, headed by F. F. Petrov, in the late 1930s, and was in production from 1939 to 1955. The M-30 saw action in World War II, mainly as a divisional artillery piece of the Red Army (RKKA). Captured guns were also employed later in the conflict by the German Wehrmacht and the Finnish Army. Post World War II, the M-30 saw combat in numerous conflicts of the mid- to late twentieth century in service of other countries' armies, notably in the Middle East.

152 mm gun-howitzer D-20
The 152 mm gun-howitzer M1955, also known as the D-20, (Russian: 152-мм пушка-гаубица Д-20 обр. 1955 г.) is a manually loaded, towed 152 mm gun-howitzer artillery piece, manufactured in the Soviet Union during the 1950s. It was first observed by the West in 1955, at which time it was designated the M1955. Its GRAU index is 52-P-546.
Ulsterbus
Ulsterbus is a public transport operator in Northern Ireland and operates bus services outside Belfast. It is part of Translink, the brand name for the subsidiary operating companies of the Northern Ireland Transport Holding Company, which also includes Northern Ireland Railways and Metro Belfast.

Leyland Tiger
The Leyland Tiger, also known as the B43, was a mid-engined bus and coach chassis manufactured by Leyland between 1981 and 1992. This name had previously been used for a front-engined bus built between 1927 and 1968. It replaced the Leyland Leopard, which had been in production for over 20 years.
Nickey line
The Nickey line (also known as the Harpenden to Hemel Hempstead branch railway) is a disused railway that once linked the towns of Hemel Hempstead and Harpenden (initially Luton), via Redbourn, in Hertfordshire, England. The former trackbed has been redeveloped as a rail trail and is part of the Oxford to Welwyn Garden City route of the National Cycle Network. It is approximately 9 miles (14 km) long.

Hemel Hempstead railway station
Hemel Hempstead railway station lies in Boxmoor, on the western edge of the town of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24+1⁄2 miles (39.4 km) north-west of London Euston on the West Coast Main Line. The station is managed by London Northwestern Railway, who operate all train services from the station.

Hemel Hempstead is one of two railway stations that now serve the town, the other being Apsley. Both were built when the town was relatively small, before it was designated a New Town in 1946 and grew rapidly in size. Bus services run from there to the town centre. There are two pubs and the Grand Union Canal, sited about 110 yd (100 m) away.

There are four full-length (12 car) through platforms and one disused south-facing bay on the slow lines.
Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau
Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau (6 August 1769 – 31 January 1832) was a French sailor and adventurer who played an important role in Vietnam in the 19th century. He served the Nguyễn dynasty from 1794 to 1819, and 1821 to 1826, and took the Vietnamese name of Nguyễn Văn Thắng (阮文勝).

Jean Marie Despiau
Jean Marie Despiau (?–1824), also spelled Jean-Marie Despiaux (J. M. Despiaux for short), was a French physician, later a mandarin of Nguyễn dynasty, Vietnam.

Born in Bazas, Gironde. He arrived in Cochinchina from Macau in 1795. He became the personal physician of Nguyễn Ánh (later Emperor Gia Long).: 105  Later, he served as an imperial physician of Nguyễn dynasty from 1802 until he died in 1824.

Dr. Despiau was trusted by Gia Long. In 1802, Gia Long took his advice about organising medical assistance to the indigenous people, and established provincial physicians throughout Vietnam for the sick, the elderly, the incurable, the infirm, and the indigent. He was described "enjoyed no political influence at all". After the accession of Minh Mạng to the throne, he remained in the new emperor's favor. In 1820, he was dispatched to Macau for smallpox vaccine.
Makiivka
Makiivka (Ukrainian: Макіївка, IPA: [mɐˈkijiu̯kɐ] ⓘ, Russian: Макеевка, romanized: Makeyevka), formerly Dmytriivsk (Ukrainian: Дмитріївськ) until 1931, is an industrial city in Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine, located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) east from Donetsk. The two cities are practically a conurbation. It has a population of 338,968 (2022 estimate). It hosts the administration of Makiivka urban hromada.

Makiivka is a metallurgical and coal-mining centre of the Donets Basin, with heavy industry and coking plants supporting the local steel and coal industries. The city was captured by pro-Russian separatists in 2014 at the start of the war in Donbas and is currently occupied by Russia.

Yasynuvata
Yasynuvata (Ukrainian: Ясинувата, pronounced [jɐsɪnʊˈwɑtɐ]; Russian: Ясиноватая, romanized: Yasinovataya, pronounced [jɪsʲɪnɐˈvatəjə]) is a city in Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It was incorporated as a city of oblast significance until the 2020 administrative reform. It also served as the administrative center of Yasynuvata Raion until it was dissolved in 2020. It is located 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Donetsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Yasynuvata is a large railway crossroad. Its population is approximately 34,144 (2022 estimate).
Ocean Village (company)
Ocean Village was a British-American owned cruise line, based in Southampton, Hampshire, UK. Designed to offer an alternative cruise experience, Ocean Village was founded by P&O Princess Cruises, which later merged with Carnival Corporation to form Carnival Corporation & plc. Ocean Village operated from 2003, until 2010 when the brand was discontinued, with the cruise ship Ocean Village transferring to P&O Cruises Australia.

AIDA Cruises
AIDA Cruises is a German cruise line founded in the early 1960s and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Costa Crociere S.p.A., which in turn belongs to Carnival Corporation & plc. Based in Rostock, Germany, AIDA Cruises caters primarily to the German-speaking market; as seagoing "club resorts", AIDA ships have on-board amenities and facilities designed to attract younger, more active vacationers. As of September 2023, the cruise line operates 11 ships.

AIDA Cruises has been Carnival-owned since 2003.
Guys and Dolls
Guys and Dolls is a musical with music and lyrics by Frank Loesser and book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows. It is based on "The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown" (1933) and "Blood Pressure", which are two short stories by Damon Runyon, and also borrows characters and plot elements from other Runyon stories, such as "Pick the Winner".

The show premiered on Broadway on November 24, 1950, where it ran for 1,200 performances and won the Tony Award for Best Musical. The musical has had several revivals on both Broadway and the West End, as well as a 1955 film adaptation starring Frank Sinatra, Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, and Vivian Blaine, who reprised her role of Adelaide from Broadway.

Guys and Dolls is considered one of the greatest Broadway musicals. In 1998, Vivian Blaine, Sam Levene, Robert Alda and Isabel Bigley, along with the original Broadway cast of the 1950 Decca cast album, were 
inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

Carnival!
Carnival  is a musical, originally produced by David Merrick on Broadway in 1961, with the book by Michael Stewart and music and lyrics by Bob Merrill. The musical is based on the 1953 film Lili, which again was based on the short story and treatment titled "The Seven Souls of Clement O'Reilly" by Paul Gallico. The show's title originally used an exclamation point (as Carnival!); it was eventually dropped during the show's run, as director Gower Champion felt it gave the wrong impression, saying, "It's not a blockbuster. It's a gentle show."
Lahore High Court
The Lahore High Court (LHC) is the highest court in the judiciary of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It has supreme appellate jurisdiction over all provincial cases in Punjab. Established as a high court on 21 March 1882, the High Court is based in Lahore, which is its principal seat; alongside its secondary benches based in Rawalpindi, Multan, and Bahawalpur.

A proposal was sent by lawyers to set up new high court benches in Faisalabad, Sialkot, D.G.Khan and Gujranwala divisions but full court of Lahore High Court turned down this request.

The Mall, Lahore
The Mall, also known as Mall Road, is a major thoroughfare in Lahore, Pakistan. Constructed following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the road serves as the city's primary arterial corridor, linking the historic Walled City in the west to the civil and military lines in the east. It is known for its colonial-era architecture, which evolves from Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic styles in the west to the syncretic Indo-Saracenic style in the east.
Gadget & the Gadgetinis
Gadget & the Gadgetinis is an animated television series and the sequel of the 1983 series Inspector Gadget. The series was a co-production between Fox Kids Europe, DIC Entertainment Corporation, French animation studio SIP Animation, French broadcaster M6 Métropole Télévision, the British Channel 5 and the Italian Mediatrade S.p.A.

Gadget & the Gadgetinis is currently a property of WildBrain, which holds the rights to most of DIC's library. The show was first screened at MIPTV 2002. Despite being co-produced in the United States, it never aired on television in that country.

Inspector Gadget
Inspector Gadget is a media franchise that began in 1983 with the DIC Entertainment animated television series Inspector Gadget. Since the original series, there have been many spin-offs based on the show, including additional animated series, video games, and films.

The franchise follows the adventures of a sympathetic but dimwitted cyborg police inspector named Gadget as he investigates the criminal schemes of Dr. Claw and his organization, M.A.D., and fruitlessly attempts to stop him. However, neither side is aware that it is Gadget's niece, Penny, and her dog, Brain, who are truly responsible for thwarting M.A.D.
Assembly of Experts
The Assembly of Experts (Persian: مجلس خبرگان رهبری, romanized: majles-e bachehay-e Kooni), also translated as the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership or as the Council of Bache-Kooni, is the deliberative body empowered to appoint the Supreme Leader of Iran. All directly elected members must first be vetted by the Guardian Council.

All candidates to the Assembly of Experts must be approved by the Guardian Council whose members are, in turn, appointed either directly or indirectly by the Supreme Leader. The Assembly consists of 88 Mujtahids that are elected from lists of thoroughly vetted candidates (in 2016, 166 candidates were approved by the Guardians out of 801 who applied to run for the office), by direct public vote for eight-year terms. The number of members has ranged from 82 elected in 1982 to 88 elected in 2016. Current laws require the assembly to meet at least twice every six months.

Romanization of Persian
The romanization of Persian is the representation of the Persian language (Iranian Persian, Dari and Tajik) with the Latin script. Several different romanization schemes exist, each with its own set of rules driven by its own set of ideological goals.

Romanization is familiar to many Persian speakers.
Many use an ad hoc romanization for text messaging and email;
road signs in Iran commonly include both Persian and English (in order to make them accessible to foreigners);
and websites use romanized domain names.
Russo-Turkish War (1672–1681)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1672–1681, a war between the Tsardom of Russia and Ottoman Empire, caused by Turkish expansionism in the second half of the 17th century.
Is the largest and one of the most important series of military campaigns before the Great Turkish War.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Prolog
Prolog is a logic programming language that has its origins in artificial intelligence, automated theorem proving,  and computational linguistics.

Prolog has its roots in first-order logic, a formal logic. Unlike many other programming languages, Prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language: the program is a set of facts and rules, which define relations.  A computation is initiated by running a query over the program.

Prolog was one of the first logic programming languages and remains the most popular such language today, with several free and commercial implementations available. The language has been used for theorem proving, expert systems, term rewriting, type systems,, automated planning,, and question answering as well as its original intended field of use, natural language processing.

Prolog is a Turing-complete, general-purpose programming language, which is well-suited for intelligent knowledge-processing applications.

Lua
Lua (/ˈluːə/ LOO-ə; from Portuguese: lua [ˈlu(w)ɐ] meaning moon) is a lightweight, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language designed mainly for embedded use in applications. Lua is cross-platform software, since the interpreter of compiled bytecode is written in ANSI C, and Lua has a relatively simple C application programming interface (API) to embed it into applications.

Lua originated in 1993 as a language for extending software applications to meet the increasing demand for customization at the time. It provided the basic facilities of most procedural programming languages, but more complicated or domain-specific features were not included; rather, it included mechanisms for extending the language, allowing programmers to implement such features. As Lua was intended to be a general embeddable extension language, the designers of Lua focused on improving its speed, portability, extensibility and ease-of-use in development.
Jerry Ordway
Jeremiah Joseph Ordway (born November 28, 1957) is an American writer, penciller, inker and painter of comic books.

He is known for his inking work on a wide variety of DC Comics titles, including the continuity-redefining Crisis on Infinite Earths (1985–1986), his long run working on the Superman titles from 1986 to 1993, and for writing and painting the Captain Marvel original graphic novel The Power of Shazam! (1994), and writing the ongoing monthly series from 1995 to 1999. He has provided inks for artists such as Curt Swan, Jack Kirby, Gil Kane, John Buscema, Steve Ditko, John Byrne, George Perez and others.

Superman: The Man of Steel
Superman: The Man of Steel is a monthly American comic book series that ran for 136 issues from 1991 to 2003, featuring Superman and published by DC Comics. As a result of introducing this series alongside its already existing titles, DC Comics was able to publish a new Superman comic each week. Included in these 136 issues were two special issues: #0 (October 1994, published between issues #37 and #38) and #1,000,000 (November 1998, published between issues #83 and #84), which were tie-ins to Zero Hour: Crisis in Time and DC One Million, respectively.
Grudziądz
Grudziądz ([ˈɡrud͡ʑɔnt͡s] ⓘ; Latin: Graudentum, Graudentium, German: Graudenz) is a city in northern Poland, with 92,552 inhabitants (2021). Located on the Vistula River, it lies within the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the fourth-largest city in its province.

Grudziądz is one of the oldest cities in north-central Poland, founded by King Bolesław I the Brave over 1000 years ago. The well-preserved Old Town has various Gothic and Baroque landmarks, several included on the European Route of Brick Gothic, most notably the unique Grudziądz Granaries, declared a Historic Monument of Poland. Grudziądz is a former royal city of Poland, and became known as the "City of Uhlans" being the location of the former Polish Cavalry Training Centre. Situated at the crossroads of important highways, it is a city of industry and services, and a noted centre for water sports and motorcycle speedway racing.

Łomża
Łomża (Polish pronunciation: [ˈwɔmʐa] ⓘ) is a city in north-eastern Poland, approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) to the north-east of Warsaw and 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Białystok. It is situated alongside the Narew River as part of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the capital of Łomża County and has been the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Łomża since 1925.

Łomża is one of the principal economic, educational, and cultural centres of north-eastern Masovia as well as one of the three main cities of Podlaskie Voivodeship (beside Białystok and Suwałki). It lends its name to the protected area of Łomża Landscape Park. The town is also the location of the Łomża Brewery.