hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Worcester State University
Worcester State University (WSU) is a public university in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States. The fourth largest of the Commonwealth’s nine Universities, WSU enrolls over 4800 undergraduates and nearly 900 graduate students in more than 80 undergraduate majors and minors and 32 graduate programs.

WSU was one of several Massachusetts State Universities that was founded as a normal school in the 19th century before evolving into a state college in the 1960s and achieving university status in 2012. WSU is administered by the Massachusetts Department of Higher Education which oversees 29 campuses including community colleges, state universities, and research universities across the Commonwealth.

Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts
The Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA), formerly known as North Adams State College (NASC), is a public liberal arts college in North Adams, Massachusetts. It is part of the state university system of Massachusetts. It is a member of the Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges. Originally established as part of the state's normal school system for training teachers, it now offers programs leading to Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts degrees, as well as a Master of Education track.
Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.

Kho people
The Kho (/koʊ/, Khowar: کھو), or Chitrali people, are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to the Chitral region in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and the Gupis-Yasin and Ghizer districts of Pakistani-administered Gilgit-Baltistan. They speak an Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Dardic group called Khowar.
Stuart Restoration
The Stuart Restoration was the reinstatement in May 1660 of the Stuart monarchy in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It replaced the Commonwealth of England, established in January 1649 after the execution of Charles I, with his son Charles II. The Commonwealth of England had been governed by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and then his son Richard Cromwell.

The term is also used to describe the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), and sometimes that of his younger brother James II (1685–1688).

Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond
Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond KG (7 March 1639 – December 1672) was an English peer who was the fourth cousin of Charles II of England, being both descended in the male line from John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Lennox.
Rivonia Trial
The Rivonia Trial was a trial that took place in apartheid-era South Africa between 9 October 1963 and 12 June 1964, after a group of anti-apartheid activists were arrested on Liliesleaf Farm in Rivonia. The farm had been the secret location for meetings of uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the newly-formed armed wing of the African National Congress. The trial took place in Pretoria at the Palace of Justice and the Old Synagogue.

Men who were convicted and sentenced to prison for their activities included Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Ahmed Kathrada, Denis Goldberg, Raymond Mhlaba, Elias Motsoaledi, Andrew Mlangeni. Many were convicted of sabotage and sentenced to life.

Harold Wolpe
Harold Wolpe (14 January 1926 – 19 January 1996) was a South African lawyer, sociologist, political economist and anti-apartheid activist. He was arrested and put in prison in 1963 but escaped and spent 30 years in exile in the United Kingdom. He was a senior lecturer in sociology at the University of Essex between 1972 and 1991 when he moved back to South Africa with his wife to direct the Education Policy Unit at the University of the Western Cape in Cape Town. White rule ended three years later. He died of a sudden heart attack in 1996.
Programming language
A programming language is an engineered language for expressing computer programs.

Programming languages typically allow software to be written in a human readable manner.

Execution of a program requires an implementation. There are two main approaches for implementing a programming language – compilation, where programs are compiled ahead-of-time to machine code, and interpretation, where programs are directly executed. In addition to these two extremes, some implementations use hybrid approaches such as just-in-time compilation and bytecode interpreters.

The design of programming languages has been strongly influenced by computer architecture, with most imperative languages designed around the ubiquitous von Neumann architecture. While early programming languages were closely tied to the hardware, modern languages often hide hardware details via abstraction in an effort to enable better software with less effort.

Glasgow Haskell Compiler
The Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC) is a native or machine code compiler for the functional programming language Haskell. It provides a cross-platform software environment for writing and testing Haskell code and supports many extensions, libraries, and optimisations that streamline the process of generating and executing code. GHC is the most commonly used Haskell compiler. It is free and open-source software released under a BSD license.
2009 World Rowing Championships
The 2009 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 23 to 30 August 2009 at Lake Malta, Poznań, Poland. The annual week-long rowing regatta was organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation), and held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer. In non-Olympic years it is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.

2009 European Rowing Championships
The 2009 European Rowing Championships were held in Brest, Belarus, from 18 to 20 September 2009. They were the third European Rowing Championships after the decision was made in May 2006 by the FISA to re-establish them.
Benefice
A benefice (/ˈbɛnɪfɪs/) or living is a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services. The Roman Empire used the Latin term beneficium as a benefit to an individual from the Empire for services rendered.  Its use was adopted by the Western Church in the Carolingian era as a benefit bestowed by the crown or church officials. A benefice specifically from a church is called a precaria (pl. precariae), such as a stipend, and one from a monarch or nobleman is usually called a fief. A benefice is distinct from an allod, in that an allod is property owned outright, not bestowed by a higher authority.

Greatworth
Greatworth is a village in the civil parish of Greatworth and Halse about 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Brackley, West Northamptonshire, England. The parish also includes the hamlet of Halse. In 2011, the settlement had a population of 708. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 890.
2013 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 2013 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 119th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment in 1887. The championship began on 2013 and is ended on 6 October 2013.

Kilmallock were the defending champions, however, they were defeated in the semi-final stage. Na Piarsaigh won the title following a 0–14 to 0–12 defeat of Adare in the final.

2018 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 2018 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 124th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887. The group stage placings were confirmed on 21 November 2017. The championship began on 20 April 2018 and ended on 27 October 2018.

Na Piarsaigh were the defending champions.

On 27 October 2018, Na Piarsaigh won the title following a 2–22 to 3–10 defeat of Doon in the final at the Gaelic Grounds. It was their fifth championship title overall and their second title in succession.

Na Piarsaigh's Shane Dowling was the championship's top scorer with 1–65.
Cyrillaceae
The Cyrillaceae are a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas. The family comprises two genera, Cliftonia and Cyrilla, each containing a single species, Cliftonia monophylla and Cyrilla racemiflora. However, additional species of Cyrilla are now often recognized and the genus is in need of taxonomic revision.

In the past, many botanists included a third genus, Purdiaea, in the family, though recent research has shown this genus is better placed in the closely related family Clethraceae.

Pelliciera
Pelliciera rhizophorae, known as the tea mangrove, is a less-common species of mangroves found along the Pacific coast from the Gulf of Nicoya in Costa Rica to the Esmeraldas River in Ecuador, as well as within stands located in Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia. During eras such as the Cenozoic, the species was prevalent. The mangrove hummingbirds of Costa Rica live off the relatively large quantity of nectar produced by its prolific blooms. Pelliciera rhizophorae is the only species in the genus Pelliciera which was previously recognized as the only genus in the family Pellicieraceae, but is now included in the family Tetrameristaceae.
Casey Hayward
Casey Hayward Jr. (born September 9, 1989) is an American former professional football cornerback. He played college football for the Vanderbilt Commodores. Hayward was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the second round of the 2012 NFL draft and has played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Packers, San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers, Las Vegas Raiders, and Atlanta Falcons.

Brandon McManus
Brandon Tyler McManus (born July 25, 1991) is an American professional football kicker for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He was a member of the Denver Broncos and their Super Bowl 50 championship team. He played college football for the Temple Owls and was signed by the Indianapolis Colts as an undrafted free agent in 2013. McManus has also been a member of the New York Giants, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Washington Commanders.
Courseulles-sur-Mer
Courseulles-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [kuʁsœl syʁ mɛʁ] ⓘ, lit. 'Courseulles on Sea'), commonly known as Courseulles, is a commune in the Calvados department, Normandy, northwestern France. Until 1957, the town's name was simply Courseulles. It lies 3 km west of Bernières-sur-Mer and 18 km north of Caen.

It is a popular tourist destination not only with locals but also with international visitors who come to tour the Normandy landing beaches. The population of the town can reach 15,000 people in the summer months owing to the numerous summer homes, owned for the most part by Parisians. The town is split in two by the river Seulles.

7th Canadian Infantry Brigade
The 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the Canadian Army that fought during World War I and World War II. The brigade, along with the 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade and the 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade, formed the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division. The division was formed in late 1915 in France and served on the Western Front until the armistice in November 1918. Later, during World War II, it arrived in the United Kingdom in 1940 and spent three years in garrison duties and training in preparation for the assault landings on Juno Beach in Normandy on 6 June 1944. After fighting in Normandy, the brigade took part in the Battle of the Scheldt. After the war, it served on occupation duties until being disbanded in June 1946.
County Sligo
County Sligo (/ˈslaɪɡoʊ/, Irish: Contae Shligigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the Northern and Western Region and is part of the province of Connacht. Sligo is the administrative capital and largest town in the county. Sligo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,198 at the 2022 census. It is noted for Benbulben Mountain, one of Ireland's most distinctive natural landmarks.

Uí Fiachrach
The Uí Fiachrach (Irish pronunciation: [iː ˈfʲiəxɾˠəx]) were a royal dynasty who originated in, and whose descendants later ruled, the coicead or fifth of Connacht (a western province of Ireland) at different times from the mid-first millennium onwards. They claimed descent from Fiachrae, an older half-brother of Niall Noigiallach or Niall of the Nine Hostages. Fiachrae and his two full brothers, Brion and Ailill, were the collective ancestors of the Connachta dynasty that eventually became the new name of the province. Their mother was Mongfind.
Primary school
A primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore), elementary school (in North America and the Philippines), or grade school (in North America), is a school for primary education of children who are usually 4 to 11 years of age (preschool to fifth grade). Primary schooling follows preschool and precedes secondary schooling.

The International Standard Classification of Education considers primary education as a single phase where programmes are typically designed to provide fundamental skills in reading, writing, and mathematics and to establish a solid foundation for learning. This is ISCED Level 1: Primary education or first stage of basic education.

Pfeffelbach
Pfeffelbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.
Ponsonby Ponies
The Ponsonby Ponies are a rugby league club based in Ponsonby, New Zealand. The club was founded in 1908 and was originally named Ponsonby United. The Ponies compete in the Auckland Rugby League competition and are the oldest rugby league club in NZ.

Allan Seagar
Allan (Lar) Wilfred Seagar (20 June 1903 – 20 April 1984) was a rugby league player who represented New Zealand in 1930 (playing 9 matches), thus becoming New Zealand's 212th player. He also played for Auckland in 13 matches, and played from 1923 to 1941 for Devonport United (North Shore Albions), playing 159 matches. His brother George Seagar also represented New Zealand at rugby league; while his son Allan Herbert Seagar was a New Zealand champion swimmer, representing New Zealand at the 1962 and 1966 Commonwealth Games.
Sozina Tunnel
The Sozina Tunnel (Montenegrin: Тунел Созина, romanized: Tunel Sozina) is a road tunnel in Montenegro that is a part of the M-1.1 highway (E65 and E80 European routes). It is located north of Sutomore and south of Virpazar, and is designed to bypass the "Paštrovska Gora" mountain range that separates the Montenegrin coast from the Zeta plain and the Skadar Lake basin. The Sozina road tunnel is 4,189 m long, and is the longest and most modern vehicular tunnel in Montenegro (however this is not the longest tunnel in Montenegro since the eponymous train tunnel is 6 km in length). It was opened on 13 July 2005, coinciding with Montenegro's national day. It was built at a cost of 70 million euros. Since 15 July 2005 a toll is collected at the tunnel entrance, using an open toll system.

The Sozina Tunnel shortens the journey from the capital of Podgorica to Bar, Montenegro's main port, by some 25 km. The trip between the two cities now takes about an hour by car.

Adriatic Highway
The Adriatic Highway (Croatian: Jadranska magistralacode: hrv promoted to code: hr ) is a road that stretches along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and is part of the European route E65. The road passes through Croatia, with smaller stretches through Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro and ends at the Montenegro-Albania border. It is an undivided two-lane road for almost its entire length, with the exception of a short stretch through Zadar and a 24 kilometres (15 mi) dual-carriageway section from Plano (Trogir) to the southeast suburbs of Split. It was planned in the 1930s and built in the 50s and 60s. The dual carriageway is planned to be extended further southeast to Omiš. Completion of the Adriatic Ionian motorway is proposed in order to replace Adriatic Highway as a high-performance road transport route along the Adriatic coast.
Second Army (United Kingdom)
The British Second Army was a Field Army active during the First and Second World Wars. During the First World War the army was active on the Western Front throughout most of the war and later active in Italy. During the Second World War the army was the main British contribution to the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944 and advance across Europe.

Spanbroekmolen
Spanbroekmolen is a small group of farms in Heuvelland, a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The hamlet is sited on one of the highest points of the Messines Ridge, in between the villages of Kemmel, Wijtschate and Wulvergem.
Polonnaruwa District
Polonnaruwa District (Sinhala: පොළොන්නරුව දිස්ත්‍රික්කය; Tamil: பொலன்னறுவை மாவட்டம்) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. It is also one of the two districts of North Central Province and has an area of 3,293 km2.

The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Polonnaruwa.

Trincomalee District
Trincomalee District (Tamil: திருக்கோணமலை மாவட்டம் Tirukkōṇamalai Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: ත්‍රිකුණාමළය දිස්ත්‍රික්කය Trikuṇāmalaya distrikkaya) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Trincomalee.
Ordnance QF 25-pounder
The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, with a calibre of 3.45 inches (87.6 mm), was a piece of field artillery used by British and Commonwealth forces in the Second World War. Durable, easy to operate and versatile, it was the most produced and used British field gun and gun-howitzer during the war.

It was introduced into service just before the War started and combined both high-angle and direct-fire abilities, a relatively high rate of fire, and a reasonably lethal shell, with a highly mobile piece. Initial production was slow but, by 1945, over 12,000 had been manufactured. It remained the British Army's primary artillery field piece well into the 1960s, with smaller numbers used in training units until the 1980s. Many Commonwealth countries used theirs in active or reserve service until about the 1970s, and ammunition for the weapon is currently (2020s) being produced by Pakistan Ordnance Factories.

QF 3.7-inch AA gun
The QF 3.7-inch AA was Britain's primary heavy anti-aircraft gun during World War II. It was roughly the equivalent of the German Flak 8.8 cm and American 90 mm, but with a slightly larger calibre of 3.7 inches, approximately 94 mm. Production began in 1937 and it was used throughout World War II in all theatres except the Eastern Front. It remained in use after the war until AA guns were replaced by guided missiles beginning in 1957.

The gun was produced in two versions, one mobile and another fixed. The fixed mounting allowed more powerful ammunition, Mk. VI, which gave vastly increased performance. Six variants of the two designs were introduced. The gun was also used as the basis for the Ordnance QF 32-pounder anti-tank gun variant used on the Tortoise heavy assault tank.
Gevgelija
Gevgelija (Macedonian: Гевгелија; [ɡɛvˈɡɛlija] ⓘ) is a border town located in the very southeast of North Macedonia along the banks of the Vardar River, situated at the country's main border crossing with Greece (Bogorodica-Evzoni), the point which links the motorway from Skopje and three regional capitals, Belgrade, Zagreb, and Sofia with Thessaloniki in Greece. The town is the seat of the Gevgelija Municipality.

Demir Kapija
Demir Kapija (Macedonian: Демир Капија [ˌdɛmir ˈkapija] ⓘ) is a small town in North Macedonia, located near the limestone gates of the same name. It has 3,725 inhabitants. The town is the seat of Demir Kapija Municipality.
Estádio das Antas
The Estádio das Antas (pronounced [ɨʃˈtaðju ðɐz ˈɐ̃tɐʃ]; officially Estádio do Futebol Clube do Porto [ɨʃˈtaðju ðu futɨˈβɔl ˈkluβɨ ðu ˈpoɾtu]) was the third (and longest occupied) stadium of the Portuguese football side Porto. It was in use from 1952 to 2004, replacing the earlier Campo da Constituição, 1.6km (1 mile) to the west, and later replaced by the Estádio do Dragão, a block southeast away. As well as the stadium, it had an indoor arena and three training grounds. The club's offices were also split between the inside of the stadium and the Torre das Antas, built in front of the stadium during the 1990s. It was demolished in 2004, although one floodlight still remains, and the majority of the site is not yet redeveloped.

Estádio do Bessa
The Estádio do Bessa Sec. XXI (English: Bessa Stadium Sec. XXI) is a football stadium located in the Boavista area of Porto, Portugal; it is the home ground of Boavista.

Like other stadiums used in Euro 2004, the Bessa is a new ground but built on top of the old stands, with each new stand being constructed at different times, which allowed Boavista to continue playing there during the project. The former Campo do Bessa existed on the same place as the new stadium since 1910.

It cost €45,409 million to build, of which €7,792,281 was supported from the Portuguese state, and has an all-seater capacity of 28,263. Plans for improvement existed before the organization of the Euro 2004 was given to Portugal in 1999, and by then the first works were already underway. It was designed by Grupo3 Arquitectura.
Resource fork
A resource fork is a fork of a file on Apple's classic Mac OS operating system that is used to store structured data. It is one of the two forks of a file, along with the data fork, which stores data that the operating system treats as unstructured.: 1-4  Resource fork capability has been carried over to the modern macOS for compatibility.

A resource fork stores information in a specific form, containing details such as icon bitmaps, the shapes of windows, definitions of menus and their contents, and application code (machine code). Any file can have a resource fork, not just applications - for example, the screen position of a document window might be stored as a resource in the document's resource fork, separate from the document's contents stored in the data fork.: 1-5

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.