hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tian Shan
The Tian Shan, also known as the Tengri Tagh or Tengir-Too, is a large system of mountain ranges in Central Asia. The highest peak is Jengish Chokusu at 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high and located in Kyrgyzstan. Its lowest point is at the Turpan Depression, which is 154 m (505 ft) below sea level.

The Tian Shan is sacred in Tengrism. Its second-highest peak is known as Khan Tengri, which can be translated as "Lord of the Spirits". At the 2013 Conference on World Heritage, the eastern portion of Tian Shan in western China's Xinjiang Region was listed as a World Heritage Site. The western portion in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan was then listed in 2016.

Talgar
Talgar (Kazakh: Талғар, romanized: Talğar, pronounced [tɑlˈʁɑɾ]; Russian: Талгар) is a town in Almaty Region, southeastern Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of Talgar District. The town  is located between Almaty and Esik, 25 km from Almaty and several kilometres east of Birlik. Population: 45,529 (2009 census results); 43,353 (1999 census results).
Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.

Martigues
Martigues (Occitan: Lo Martegue in classical norm, Lou Martegue in Mistralian norm) is a commune northwest of Marseille. It is part of the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the eastern end of the Canal de Caronte.

A direct translation from the Martigues Tourisme website states the following about Martigues:

Nicknamed the "Provençale Venice", Martigues is a point of passage between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sea of Martigues (now Etang de Berre), close to the Côte d'Azur. The charm of its canals, its docks and bridges made it "The Venice of Provence". Martigues possesses also its cooperative winery "La Venise provençale": Coteaux d'Aix en Provence, rosé, red and white wines, fruit juices and natural oils in the region. Main varietals: Grenache, Syrah, Cinsault, Carignan, Clairette.
Eindhoven University of Technology
The Eindhoven University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven; TU/e) is a public technical university in the Netherlands, situated in Eindhoven. In 2020–21, around 14,000 students were enrolled in its BSc and MSc programs and around 1350 students were enrolled in its PhD and EngD programs. In 2021, the TU/e employed around 3900 people.

TU/e is the Dutch member of the EuroTech Universities Alliance, a partnership of European universities of science & technology. The other members are Technical University of Denmark (DTU), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), École Polytechnique (L’X), The Technion, and Technical University of Munich (TUM).

Dutch Research Council
The Dutch Research Council (NWO, Dutch: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) is the national research council of the Netherlands. NWO funds thousands of top researchers at universities and institutes and steers the course of Dutch science by means of subsidies and research programmes. NWO promotes quality and innovation in science. NWO is an independent administrative body under the auspices of the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

NWO directs its approximate budget of 1 billion euros towards Dutch universities and institutes, often on a project basis. Also, NWO has its own research institutes and facilitates international cooperation. The president of NWO since April 2021 is Marcel Levi. Former NWO presidents include Stan Gielen, Peter Nijkamp and Jos Engelen.

NWO is also known for the annual Spinoza and Stevin Prizes.
Moroccan Goumier
Senegalese left, Foreign Legionaire middle, Morocan  tabor right

The Moroccan Goumiers (French: Les Goumiers Marocains) were indigenous Moroccan soldiers who served in auxiliary units attached to the French Army of Africa, between 1908 and 1956. While nominally in the service of the Sultan of Morocco, they served under French officers, including a period as part of the Free French Forces.

Employed initially as tribal irregulars, then in regular contingents, the goumiers were employed extensively during the French occupation of Morocco from 1908 to the early 1930s. They then served in North Africa, Italy, and France during World War II between 1942 and 1945. During this period four Moroccan tabor groups (groupes de tabors marocains - GTM) were created, each comprising three tabors (battalions), and each tabor comprising three or four goums (companies). Goumiers subsequently served in Indochina from 1946 to 1954.

4th Moroccan Mountain Division
The 4th Moroccan Mountain Division (French: 4e Division marocaine de montagne, 4e DMM) was an infantry division of the Army of Africa (French: Armée d'Afrique) which participated in World War II.

Created in Morocco following the liberation of French North Africa, the division fought in Corsica, Italy, metropolitan France, and Germany. It particularly distinguished itself in Italy in 1944 as part of the French Expeditionary Corps led by General Alphonse Juin, and later in the liberation of France as part of the French 1st Army under General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny.
Order of Pedro I
The Imperial Order of Dom Pedro I (Portuguese: Imperial Ordem de Pedro Primeiro or Imperial Ordem de Pedro Primeiro, Fundador do Império do Brasil) is a Brazilian order of chivalry instituted by Emperor Pedro I of Brazil on 16 April 1826. It is considered by many numismatists as the rarest of the Brazilian imperial orders.

On 22 March 1890, the order was cancelled as national order by the interim government of United States of Brazil. Since the deposition in 1889 of the last Brazilian monarch, Emperor Pedro II, the order continues as a house order being awarded by the Heads of the House of Orleans-Braganza, pretenders to the defunct throne of Brazil. The current Brazilian Imperial Family is split into two branches Petrópolis and Vassouras, and the Grand Mastership of the Order is disputed between those two branches.

Order of the Rose
The Imperial Order of the Rose (Portuguese: Imperial Ordem da Rosa) was a Brazilian order of chivalry, instituted by Emperor Pedro I of Brazil on 17 October 1829 to commemorate his marriage to Amélie of Leuchtenberg.

On 22 March 1890, the order was cancelled as national order by the interim government of First Brazilian Republic. Since the deposition in 1889 of the last Brazilian monarch, Emperor Pedro II, the order continues as a house order being awarded by the Heads of the House of Orleans-Braganza, pretenders to the defunct throne of Brazil. The current Brazilian Imperial Family is split into two branches: the direct line called Petrópolis and a cadet branch called Vassouras.
2015 Women's LEN Super Cup
The 2015 Women's LEN Super Cup was a water polo match organized by LEN and contested by the reigning champions of the two main European club competitions, the 2014–15 LEN Women's Champions' Cup and the 2014-15 Women's LEN Trophy.

The match between Greek team Olympiacos and Italian CS Plebiscito Padova was played on 20 November 2015 in Athens, in the Papastrateio Hall in Piraeus, the home turf of Olympiacos. They defeated Padova 10-6.

2014–15 LEN Euro League Women
The 2014–15 LEN Women's Champions' Cup was the 28th edition of LEN's premier competition for women's water polo clubs, running from 15 January 2015 to 25 April 2015. This was the second edition of the new format which saw twenty teams from thirteen countries.
Ruschi's rat
Ruschi's rat or Ruschi's spiny mouse  (Abrawayaomys ruschii) is a rodent species found in Argentina and Brazil.  Some cranial features suggest it may be an archaic relative of the paramo Oldfield mouse (Thomasomys paramorum). The upper parts are greyish yellow with a darker head and yellowish-white underparts. Fine hairs are mixed with flattened and grooved spines that are most numerous on the back.

Altiplano chinchilla mouse
The Altiplano chinchilla mouse or achallo  (Chinchillula sahamae) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.  It is the only species in the genus Chinchillula.
It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.

Eiji Sawamura Award
The Eiji Sawamura Award (沢村栄治賞, Sawamura Eiji-shō), commonly known as the Sawamura Award, is an honor bestowed upon the top starting pitcher in Nippon Professional Baseball each year, when deemed necessary.

The award was originally established by Japanese magazine "Nekkyū" in 1947 to honor the career of Eiji Sawamura, a power pitcher who enjoyed an illustrious career for the Tokyo Giants before being killed in combat during World War II. It is a special award that is independent of the official Most Valuable Pitcher award that is presented to one pitcher in each league (Central and Pacific) each year.
Echuca
Echuca (/əˈtʃuːkə/ ə-CHOO-kə) is a town on the banks of the Murray River and Campaspe River in Victoria, Australia. The border town of Moama is adjacent on the northern side of the Murray River in New South Wales. Echuca is the administrative centre and largest settlement in the Shire of Campaspe. As of the 2021 census, Echuca had a population of 15,056, and the population of the combined Echuca and Moama townships was 22,568.

Echuca lies within traditional Yorta Yorta country. The town's name is a Yorta Yorta word meaning "meeting of the waters". Echuca is close to the junction of the Goulburn, Campaspe, and Murray Rivers. Its position at the closest point of the Murray to Melbourne contributed to its development as a thriving river port city during the 19th century.

Electoral district of Rodney
The Electoral district of Rodney was a Victorian Legislative Assembly electorate in Northern Victoria.

The Rodney District covered an area of 7,808 square kilometres, including the towns of Echuca, Rochester, Nathalia, Cohuna, Heathcote, Gunbower, Kyabram, Rushworth and Stanhope.

At inception in 1856, the district boundaries include the Murray River and Goulburn River in the north and east; and the Campaspe River in the west. By 1956 the district had expanded further westward to include Cohuna.

In 2014, it was abolished and became part of the electoral district of Murray Plains.
Jiankang
Jiankang (Chinese: 建康; pinyin: Jiànkāng), or Jianye (建業; Jiànyè), as it was originally called, was the capital city of the Eastern Wu (229–265 and 266–280 CE), the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420 CE) and the Southern Dynasties (420–552), including the Chen dynasty (557–589 CE). Its walls are extant as ruins in the modern municipal region of Nanjing. Jiankang was an important city of the Song dynasty. Its name was changed to Nanjing during the Ming dynasty.

Huan Xuan
Huan Xuan (Chinese: 桓玄; pinyin: Huán Xuán) (369 – 19 June 404), courtesy name Jingdao (敬道), nickname Lingbao (靈寶), formally Emperor Wudao of Chu (楚武悼帝), was a Eastern Jin Dynasty warlord who briefly took over the imperial throne from Emperor An of Jin and declared his own state of Chu (Chinese: 楚; pinyin: Chǔ) in 403, known in historiography as Huan Chu (Chinese: 桓楚; pinyin: Huán Chǔ), but was defeated by an uprising led by the general Liu Yu in 404 and killed.  He was the youngest son of Huan Wen.
Mintaqah
Minṭaqah (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة [ˈmintˤaqah]; plural مَنَاطِق manāṭiq [maˈnaːtˤiq]) is a term used for a first-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia and Chad and for a second-level administrative division in several other Arab countries. It is often translated as region or district, but the literal meaning is "region", "area", or even simply "place".

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Piperales
Piperales is an order of flowering plants (4,170 recognized species). It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but other taxa have been included or disincluded variously over time.  Well-known plants which may be included in this order include black pepper, kava, the many Peperomias, pepper elder, lizard's tail, birthwort, and wild ginger. The two perianthless families Piperaceae and Saururaceae are mainly herbaceous plants possessing highly reduced flowers.

Aquifoliales
The Aquifoliales are an order of flowering plants, including the Aquifoliaceae (holly) family, and also the Helwingiaceae (2-5 species of temperate Asian shrubs) and the Phyllonomaceae (4 species of Central American trees and shrubs). In 2001, the families Stemonuraceae and Cardiopteridaceae were added to this order. This circumscription of Aquifoliales was recognized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group when they published the APG II system in 2003. In the Cronquist system, there is no Aquifoliales order: the Aquifoliaceae are placed within the order Celastrales and the others are in other families.
Spectral line
A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum. It may result from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules. These "fingerprints" can be compared to the previously collected ones of atoms and molecules, and are thus used to identify the atomic and molecular components of stars and planets, which would otherwise be impossible.

Spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry is a branch of electromagnetic spectroscopy concerned with the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. Spectrophotometry uses photometers, known as spectrophotometers, that can measure the intensity of a light beam at different wavelengths. Although spectrophotometry is most commonly applied to ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation, modern spectrophotometers can interrogate wide swaths of the electromagnetic spectrum, including x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, or microwave wavelengths.
Queen Elizabeth Hall
The Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH) is a music venue on the South Bank in London, England, that hosts classical, jazz, and avant-garde music, talks and dance performances. It was opened in 1967, with a concert conducted by Benjamin Britten.

The QEH was built along with the smaller Purcell Room as part of Southbank Centre arts complex. It stands alongside the Royal Festival Hall, which was built for the Festival of Britain of 1951, and the Hayward Gallery which opened in 1968.

Cadogan Hall
Cadogan Hall /kəˈdʌɡən/ is a 953-seat-capacity concert hall in Sloane Terrace in Chelsea in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London, England.

The resident music ensemble at Cadogan Hall is the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (RPO). Cadogan Estates offered the RPO the use of the hall as its principal venue in late 2001. The RPO gave its first concert as the resident ensemble of Cadogan Hall in November 2004. From 2005 to 2021 Cadogan Hall was used by the BBC for a handful of Proms concerts.

Cadogan Hall has also been used as a recording venue. In February 2006, a recording of Mozart symphonies with John Eliot Gardiner and the English Baroque Soloists was produced and made available immediately after the performances. In 2009, art rock band Marillion recorded a concert there which was released on the album Live from Cadogan in 2011.
The Boat Race 1869
The 26th Boat Race between crews from the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge took place on the River Thames on 17 March 1869.  Oxford won by three lengths in a time of 20 minutes and 4 seconds.  It was their ninth consecutive victory and was, at that point, the fastest time ever recorded in the event.

The Boat Race 1882
The 39th Boat Race took place on 1 April 1882.  The Boat Race is an annual side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  In the race, umpired by former Cambridge rower Robert Lewis-Lloyd, Oxford won by a margin of seven lengths in a time of 20 minutes 12 seconds, taking the overall record to 21–17 in their favour.
Colin Montgomerie
Colin Stuart Montgomerie (born 23 June 1963) is a Scottish professional golfer. He has won a record eight European Tour Order of Merit titles, including a streak of seven consecutive ones from 1993 to 1999. He has won 31 European Tour events, third among European players, placing him fourth on the all-time list of golfers with most European Tour victories. However, Montgomerie never won on the PGA Tour.

Montgomerie won three consecutive Volvo PGA Championships at Wentworth Club between 1998 and 2000. He has finished runner-up on five occasions in major championships and his career-high world ranking is second. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2013.

After turning 50 in 2013, Montgomerie has had a successful career on the PGA Tour Champions and European Senior Tour, including winning three senior major championships.

Bob Tway
Robert Raymond Tway IV (born May 4, 1959) is an American professional golfer. He has won numerous tournaments including eight PGA Tour victories. He spent 25 weeks in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking in 1986–87.
Maumee, Ohio
Maumee (/mɔːˈmiː/ maw-MEE) is a city in Lucas County, Ohio, United States. Located along the Maumee River, it is a suburb about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Toledo. The population was 13,896 at the 2020 census. Maumee was declared an All-America City by the National Civic League in June 2006.

Springfield Township, Lucas County, Ohio
Springfield Township is one of the eleven townships of Lucas County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the total population was 26,957, making it the third most populous part of Lucas County, behind Toledo and Sylvania Township.
Scottish Cup
The Scottish Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the Scottish Cup (Scottish Gaelic: Cupa na h-Alba), is an annual association football knock-out cup competition for men's football clubs in Scotland. The competition was first held in 1873–74. Entry is open to all 122 clubs with full membership of the Scottish Football Association (SFA), along with up to eight other clubs who are associate members. The competition is called Scottish Gas Men's Scottish Cup for sponsorship reasons.

Although it is the second-oldest competition in association football history, after the English FA Cup, the Scottish Cup trophy is the oldest in association football and is also the oldest national trophy in the world. It was first presented to Queen's Park, who won the final match of the inaugural tournament in March 1874. The current holders are Aberdeen, who won the tournament by defeating Celtic on penalties in the 2025 final.

1876 Scottish Cup final
The 1876 Scottish Cup final was the third final of the Scottish Cup and the final of the 1875–76 Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. The original match took place at Hamilton Crescent on 11 March 1876 and was contested by Queen's Park and 3rd Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteers. The match was the first final to be held at a neutral venue and also the first to require a replay to decide a winner.

The first match ended in a 1–1 draw with the first goal from Drinnan of 3rd Lanark RV in the second minute of the match. Queen's Park equalised in the second half with a goal from Thomas Highet. In the replay a week later – also played at Hamilton Crescent – Queen's Park won 2–0 with a double from Highet to seal a hat-trick of cup final victories.
St James's Palace Stakes
The St James's Palace Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 7 furlongs and 213 yards (1,603 metres). It is scheduled to be run each year in June.

Horris Hill Stakes
The Horris Hill Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and geldings. It is run at Newbury over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in October.
Good Morning Britain
Good Morning Britain (often abbreviated to GMB) is a British breakfast television programme that is broadcast on ITV. It first aired on 28 April 2014 and is broadcast live every weekday from 6:00 am to 9:30 am across the United Kingdom. The programme features a wide variety of news, interviews, politics, sport, entertainment, competitions and weather as well as local news bulletins delivered by the ITV regions. The programme is currently presented by Susanna Reid, Kate Garraway, Ranvir Singh, Richard Madeley and Ed Balls.

Talk (streaming service)
Talk (previously talkRADIO and TalkTV) is a talk radio and free ad-supported streaming television channel in the United Kingdom. Based in London and owned by News Broadcasting, a subsidiary of News Corp., it is the sister station of national stations Talksport (originally known as Talk Radio UK), Talksport 2, Virgin Radio UK and Times Radio.

As of December 2023, the station has a weekly audience of 725,000 listeners according to RAJAR. Talk employs a number of presenters described as shock jocks.
OS/360 and successors
OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB and Input/Output Control System (IOCS) packages for the IBM 7090/7094 and even more so by the PR155 Operating System for the IBM 1410/7010 processors. It was one of the earliest operating systems to require the computer hardware to include at least one direct access storage device.

Although OS/360 itself was discontinued, successor operating systems, including the virtual storage MVS and the 64-bit z/OS, are still run as of 2023 and maintain application-level compatibility with OS/360.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.