hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.

Cutoff (physics)
In theoretical physics, cutoff (AE: cutoff, BE: cut-off) is an arbitrary maximal or minimal value of energy, momentum, or length, used in order that objects with larger or smaller values than these physical quantities are ignored in some calculation. It is usually represented within a particular energy or length scale, such as Planck units.

When used in this context, the traditional terms "infrared" and "ultraviolet" are not literal references to specific regions of the spectrum, but rather refer by analogy to portions of a calculation for low energies (infrared) and high energies (ultraviolet), respectively.
Platoon
A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two to four squads, sections, or patrols. Platoon organization varies depending on the country and the branch, but a platoon can be composed of 20–50 troops, although specific platoons may range from 10 to 100 people. A platoon is typically the smallest military unit led by a commissioned officer. The platoon leader is usually a junior officer—a second or first lieutenant or an equivalent rank. The officer is usually assisted by a platoon sergeant.

Rifle platoons normally consist of a small platoon headquarters and three or four sections (Commonwealth) or squads (United States). In some armies, platoon is used throughout the branches of the army. In a few armies, such as the French Army, a platoon is specifically a cavalry unit, and the infantry use "section" as the equivalent unit. A unit consisting of several platoons is called a company or a battery.

3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment
The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) is the armoured infantry battalion of the Australian Army, based in Kapyong Lines, Townsville as part of the 3rd Brigade (Armoured Amphibious). 3 RAR traces its lineage to 1945 and has seen operational service in Japan, Korea, Malaya, Borneo, South Vietnam, Rifle Company Butterworth, East Timor, the Solomon Islands, Afghanistan, and Iraq.
East Coast Group Representation Constituency
The East Coast Group Representation Constituency is a five-member Group Representation Constituency (GRC) in the eastern area of Singapore. It consists of locations such as East Coast Park, Bedok, Changi (in part), Simei, Siglap, Joo Chiat and Chai Chee. A large portion of Singapore's eastern territorial waters also belongs to the GRC. It is divided into the divisions of Bedok, Changi–Simei, Fengshan, Kampong Chai Chee and Joo Chiat, which are managed by East Coast Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) are Dinesh Vasu Dash, Jessica Tan, Hazlina Abdul Halim, Tan Kiat How and Edwin Tong from the People's Action Party (PAP).

Png Eng Huat
Png Eng Huat (born 9 December 1961) is a Singaporean politician and businessman. A member of the Workers' Party (WP), he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hougang Single Member Constituency (SMC) between 2012 and 2020.
Bulbospongiosus muscle
The bulbospongiosus muscles (in older texts accelatores urinae, bulbocavernosus and, for female muscle, constrictor cunni) are a subgroup of the superficial muscles of the perineum.  They have a slightly different origin, insertion and function in male and female mammals. In human males, these muscles cover the bulb of the penis and the scrotum.

In both sexes, they are innervated by the deep or muscular branch of the perineal nerve, which is a branch of the pudendal nerve.

External anal sphincter
The external anal sphincter (or sphincter ani externus) is an oval tube of skeletal muscle fibers. Distally, it is adherent to the skin surrounding the margin of the anus. It exhibits a resting state of tonic contraction and also contracts during the bulbospongiosus reflex.
Palms, Los Angeles
Palms  (originally "The Palms") is a community in the Westside region of Los Angeles, California, founded in 1886 and the oldest neighborhood annexed to the city, in 1915. The 1886 tract was marketed as an agricultural and vacation community. Today it is a primarily residential area, with many apartment buildings, ribbons of commercial zoning and a single-family residential area in its northwest corner. As of the 2000 census the population of Palms was 42,545.

West Adams, Los Angeles
West Adams is a neighborhood in the South Los Angeles region of Los Angeles, California. The neighborhood is known for its large number of historic buildings, structures, notable houses, and mansions. It contains several Historic Preservation Overlay Zones as well as designated historic districts.
Grand Prix tennis circuit
The ITF Grand Prix Circuit  was a professional tennis tour for male players founded in 1970 as the ILTF Grand Prix Tennis Circuit  it was administered by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and ran annually until 1989 when it and the rival WCT Circuit were replaced by a single world wide ATP Tour.

The women's tour the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix Circuit ran from 1971 to 1976. It's events were absorbed to form the Colgate International Series.

Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The Virginia Slims World Championship Series (its sponsored name) or WTA World Championship Series (its tour name) was the women's top tier tennis tour administered by the Women's Tennis Association that was first founded in 1970 as the Virginia Slims Series of events that were then part of ILTF World Circuit. It eventually became the basis for the later WTA Tour. The players, dubbed the Original 9, rebelled against the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA) because of the wide inequality between the amount of prize money paid to male tennis players and to female tennis players. In 1971 it was rebranded as the Virginia Slims Circuit until 1978 and was a rival tour to the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix until 1976. In 1979 it was branded as the Avon Championship Circuit until 1981. In 1982 it was merged with the Toyota International Series as a single women's tennis tour and rebranded under its last title name until 1989. In 1990 it was succeeded by the WTA World Tour.
Dada
Dada (/ˈdɑːdɑː/) or Dadaism was an international art movement that developed in the context of the Great War and Futurism first established in Zürich, Switzerland, and later quickly spread to Berlin, Paris, New York City and a variety of artistic centers in Europe and Asia. The Dada movement's principles were first collected in Hugo Ball's Dada Manifesto in 1916. Ball is seen as the founder of the Dada movement. Other key figures in the movement included Emmy Hennings, Jean Arp, Johannes Baader, Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven, George Grosz, Raoul Hausmann, John Heartfield, Hannah Höch, Richard Huelsenbeck, Francis Picabia, Man Ray, Hans Richter, Kurt Schwitters, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Tristan Tzara, and Beatrice Wood, among others. The movement influenced later styles like the avant-garde and downtown music movements, and groups including Surrealism, nouveau réalisme, pop art, and Fluxus.

Alfred Stieglitz
Alfred Stieglitz HonFRPS (/ˈstiːɡlɪts/; January 1, 1864 – July 13, 1946) was an American photographer and modern art promoter who was instrumental over his 50-year career in making photography an accepted art form. In addition to his photography, Stieglitz was known for the New York art galleries that he ran in the early part of the 20th century, where he introduced many avant-garde European artists to the U.S. He was married to painter Georgia O'Keeffe.
2025 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2025 IIHF U18 World Championship was the 26th such event organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. Teams participated at several levels of competition. These tournaments also served as qualifications for the 2026 competition.

2025 IIHF World U18 Championship Division I
The 2025 IIHF U18 World Championship Division I consists of two international under-18 ice hockey tournaments organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. Divisions I A and I B represent the second and the third tier of the IIHF World U18 Championship.
Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿omɛʁ] ⓘ; West Flemish: Sint-Omaars; Picard: Saint-Onmé) is a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in France.

It is 68 km (42 mi) west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais, and is located in the Artois province. The town is named after Saint Audomar, who brought Christianity to the area.

The canalised section of the river Aa begins at Saint-Omer, reaching the North Sea at Gravelines in northern France. Below its walls, the Aa connects with the Neufossé Canal, which ends at the river Lys.

171st Tunnelling Company
The 171st Tunnelling Company was one of the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers created by the British Army during World War I. The tunnelling units were occupied in offensive and defensive mining involving the placing and maintaining of mines under enemy lines, as well as other underground work such as the construction of deep dugouts for troop accommodation, the digging of subways, saps (a narrow trench dug to approach enemy trenches), cable trenches and underground chambers for signals and medical services.
Deer River, Minnesota
Deer River is a city in Itasca County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 909 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Highway 2 and Minnesota State Highways 6 and 46 are three of the main routes in the community.

Wirt, Minnesota
Wirt is an unincorporated community in Wirt Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States; located within the Chippewa National Forest.

The community is located 16 miles northwest of Talmoon at the junction of Itasca County Roads 29 and 31.  County Road 14 is also nearby.

Nearby places include Dora Lake, Max, Spring Lake, and Alvwood.  Wirt is located 17 miles west of Bigfork; and 25 miles southeast of Northome.  Wirt is 16 miles east of Alvwood; and 36 miles north of Deer River.

The community of Wirt is located within Wirt Township (population 106).  The Big Fork River flows through the community.

Wirt has a post office with ZIP code 56688.
NPO 3FM
NPO 3FM is a Dutch rhythmic CHR radio station controlled by public broadcaster NPO. The vast majority of the songs played on-air are rock, alternative, indie and pop, though dance and Mega Top 30 tracks may also air at times.

Europe's Biggest Dance Show
Europe's Biggest Dance Show is an annual multinational dance music simulcast hosted by BBC Radio 1 in the United Kingdom, in collaboration with several European radio stations, all of which are owned by public broadcasters which are members of the European Broadcasting Union. The show reaches several millions of listeners all over Europe.
Kursk
Kursk (Russian: Курск, IPA: [ˈkursk]) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. It has a population of 440,052 (2021 census).

Kursk is the oldest city in the oblast, recorded in 1032 as part of the Kievan Rus'. It became the seat of a small eponymous principality in the 13th century, before passing to Lithuanian rule in the late medieval period, and then to Moscow in the early modern period. Kursk has served as the seat of regional administration since 1779. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German struggle during World War II and the site of the single largest battle in history.

Verkhny Lyubazh
Verkhny Lyubazh (Russian: Верхний Любаж) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Verkhnelyubazhsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  1,674 (2010 Census); 1,925 (2002 Census);
Lake Borgne
Lake Borgne (/bɔːrn/ BORN; French: Lac Borgne French pronunciation: [lak bɔʁɲ], lit. 'One-Eyed Lake'; Spanish: Lago Borgne) is a lagoon of the Gulf of Mexico in southeastern Louisiana. Although early maps show it as a lake surrounded by land, coastal erosion has made it an arm of the Gulf of Mexico.

French frigate Armide (1804)
Armide was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, the lead ship of her class and was launched in 1804 at Rochefort. She served briefly in the French Navy before the Royal Navy captured her in 1806. She served in the Royal Navy until 1815, when she was broken up.
Robert H. Harrison
Robert Hanson Harrison (April 1, 1745 – April 2, 1790) was an American Army officer, attorney, and judge. He was a Continental Army veteran of the American Revolution and is most notable for his service as George Washington's military secretary, the de facto chief of staff of Washington's headquarters for most of the war.

James Iredell
James Iredell (October 5, 1751 – October 20, 1799) was one of the first justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was appointed by President George Washington and served from 1790 until his death in 1799. His son, James Iredell Jr., was a governor of North Carolina.
Canadian Airlines
Canadian Airlines International Ltd. (stylized as Canadi›n Airlines or Canadi‹n Airlines, or simply Canadian) was a major Canadian airline that operated from 1987 until 2001. The airline was Canada's second largest airline after Air Canada, carrying more than 11.9 million passengers to over 160 destinations in 17 countries on five continents at its height in 1996. Canadian Airlines served 105 destinations in Canada, more than any other airline. It was a founding member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

Canadian Airlines was headquartered in Calgary, and had revenue of approximately $3 billion at the end of 1999. The airline and its aircraft were acquired by Air Canada in 2000, and the merger was officially completed on January 1, 2001.

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL (short takeoff and landing) utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2022, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the name De Havilland Canada. In 2023, DHC started production of the 300-G, an upgraded version of the Series 400 with Garmin avionics.

The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL capabilities, twin turboprop engines and high rate of climb have made it a successful commuter airliner, typically seating 18–20 passengers, as well as a cargo and medical evacuation aircraft. The Twin Otter has also been popular with commercial skydiving operations and is used by the United States Army Parachute Team and the 98th Flying Training Squadron of the United States Air Force.
China women's national basketball team
The China women's national basketball team represents the People's Republic of China in international women's basketball tournaments. The national team is governed by the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA).

2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup
The 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, the 18th edition of FIBA's premier international tournament for women's national basketball teams, was held in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain from 22 to 30 September 2018. This was the first edition to use the name of FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup. After the last edition in 2014, FIBA changed the name of the competition from the FIBA World Championship for Women, in order to align its name with that of the corresponding men's competition.

The United States were the two-time defending champions. This tournament saw the World Cup debut of Belgium, Latvia and Puerto Rico.

The US Team won the final against Australia, to win their third straight and tenth overall title.
Battle of Ushant (1778)
The Battle of Ushant (also called the First Battle of Ushant) took place on 27 July 1778, and was fought during the American Revolutionary War between French and British fleets 100 miles (160 km) west of Ushant, an island at the mouth of the English Channel off the westernmost point of France. "Ushant" is the anglicised pronunciation of "Ouessant".

The French commander was under orders to avoid battle if possible, in order to maintain a fleet in being. The commanders of the two squadrons of the British fleet were already personally and politically at odds with each other, and failed to make a concerted attack on the French.

The battle, which was the first major naval engagement in the Anglo-French War of 1778, ended indecisively with no ships lost on either side and led to recriminations and political conflicts in both countries.

French ship Saint-Esprit
Saint-Esprit was an 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was the lead ship of her class.  Funded by a don des vaisseaux donation from the Order of the Holy Spirit, she was named in their honour.
Morvern
Morvern (Scottish Gaelic: A' Mhorbhairne [ə ˈvɔɾɔ.əɾɲə]; "the sea-gap"), historically also spelt Morven, is a peninsula and traditional district in the Highlands, on the west coast of Scotland. It lies south of the districts of Ardgour and Sunart, and is bounded on the north by Loch Sunart and Glen Tarbert, on the south east by Loch Linnhe and on the south west by the Sound of Mull. The highest point is the summit of the Corbett Creach Bheinn which reaches 853 metres (2,799 ft) in elevation.

Administratively Morvern is now part of the ward management area of Lochaber, in  Highland council area.  It forms part of the traditional shire and current registration county of Argyll.

Morvern is approximately 250 square miles (650 square kilometres) in area, with a current population of about 320.

Oban
Oban (/ˈoʊbən/ ⓘ OH-bən; Scottish Gaelic: An t-Òban [ən̪ˠ ˈt̪ɔːpan] meaning The Little Bay) is a resort town within the Argyll and Bute council area of Scotland. Despite its small size, it is the largest town between Helensburgh and Fort William. During the tourist season, the town can have a temporary population of up to over 24,000 people. Oban occupies a setting in the Firth of Lorn. The bay forms a near perfect horseshoe, protected by the island of Kerrera; and beyond Kerrera, the Isle of Mull. To the north are the long low island of Lismore and the mountains of Morvern and Ardgour.
Canadian Soccer Association
The Canadian Soccer Association (French: Association canadienne de soccer; branded as Canada Soccer) is the governing body for soccer in Canada. Headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, the federation is a full member of FIFA and governs Canadian soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, youth organizations, beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic and deaf national teams. The Canadian Soccer Association also administers and operates the Canadian Premier League, the Canadian Championship, and the Futsal Canadian Championship.

Forge FC
Forge FC (full name Forge Football Club), also known as Forge FC Hamilton, or Hamilton Forge FC, is a Canadian professional soccer club based in Hamilton, Ontario, that competes in the Canadian Premier League, the top tier of Canadian soccer. The club plays its home matches at Hamilton Stadium. Forge FC joined the CPL in 2019 as one of the league's seven inaugural teams.

The club is four-time CPL champions, winning back-to-back league titles in 2019 and 2020, before doing the same in 2022 and 2023. Forge was the first CPL side to compete in a continental competition when it played in the 2019 CONCACAF League, and the first to compete in the highest tier of continental competition in the 2022 CONCACAF Champions League. Forge became the first Canadian Premier League club to reach the final of the Canadian Championship, which they did in 2020.
Round-robin tournament
A round-robin tournament or all-play-all tournament is a competition format in which each contestant meets every other participant, usually in turn. A round-robin contrasts with an elimination tournament, where participants are eliminated after a certain number of wins or losses, as well as with a Swiss-system tournament, where participants are matched according to their running score.

Argus finals system
The Argus finals systems were related systems of end-of-season playoff tournaments used commonly in Australian sports competitions in the first half of the 20th century. The systems were first developed in Australian rules football competitions in 1902, and were used broadly across Australia into the 1950s.

There were several variations, but the systems were characterised by a tournament among the highest ranked teams, followed by the right of the first seed to another match to challenge for the premiership if it had not won the tournament.

After 1931, the Argus systems increasingly came into competition with the Page playoff system, which eventually replaced it as the country's pre-eminent four-team finals system.
Tennessee State University
Tennessee State University (Tennessee State, Tenn State, or TSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, it is the only state-funded historically black university in Tennessee. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. Tennessee State University offers 41 bachelor's degrees, 23 master's degrees, and eight doctoral degrees. It is classified as "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Savannah State University
Savannah State University (SSU) is a public historically black university in Savannah, Georgia, United States. It is the oldest historically black public university in the state. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Savannah State operates four colleges: College of Business Administration, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, College of Sciences and Technology and the Savannah State University College of Education.
Twiggs County, Georgia
Twiggs County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,022. The county seat is Jeffersonville. The county was created on December 14, 1809, and named for American Revolutionary War general John Twiggs.

Twiggs County is included in the Macon, GA metropolitan statistical area. The Twiggs County Courthouse is located in Jeffersonville.

Macon County, Georgia
Macon County is a county located in the west central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,082. The county seat is Oglethorpe.

The Macon County Courthouse is located in Oglethorpe.