hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese Instrument of Surrender
The Japanese Instrument of Surrender was the printed agreement that formalized the surrender of Japan, marking the end of hostilities in World War II. It was signed by representatives from Japan and from the Allied nations: the United States, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, Australia, Canada, France, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. The signing took place on the deck of USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945.

The date is sometimes known as Victory over Japan Day. However, that designation more frequently refers to the date of Emperor Hirohito's Gyokuon-hōsō (Imperial Rescript of Surrender), the radio broadcast announcement of the acceptance of the terms of the Potsdam Declaration at noon Japan Standard Time on 15 August.

End of World War II in Asia
World War II officially ended in Asia on September 2, 1945, at 3:24 with the surrender of Japan on the USS Missouri. Before that, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, and the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, causing Emperor Hirohito to announce the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration on August 15, 1945, which would eventually lead to the surrender ceremony on September 2.

After the ceremony, Japanese forces continued to surrender across the Pacific, with the last major surrender occurring on October 25, 1945, with the surrender of Japanese forces in Taiwan to Chiang Kai-shek. The American occupation of Japan lasted from the end of the war until April 28, 1952, when the Treaty of San Francisco came into effect.
Dongducheon
Dongducheon (Korean: 동두천; Korean pronunciation: [ˈto̞ŋ.du.tɕʰʌ̹n]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.

The city, to the north of Seoul, is strategically important for the defense of the Korean capital. The main camps of the United States Second Infantry Division are in the city, and the division command is at Uijeongbu.

Pyeongtaek
Pyeongtaek (Korean: 평택; Korean pronunciation: [ˈpʰjʌŋ.tʰɛk̚]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Located in the southwestern part of the province, Pyeongtaek was founded as a union of two districts in 1940. It was elevated to city status in 1986 and is home to a South Korean naval base and a large concentration of United States troops. The South Korean government plans to transform Pyeongtaek into an international economic hub to coincide with the move of United States Forces Korea (USFK) to Pyeongtaek. During the Korean War, it was the site of the Battle of Pyongtaek, an early battle between U.S. and North Korean forces. It is also the location of Pyeongtaek University.
Press Trust of India
The Press Trust of India Ltd., commonly known as PTI, is the largest news agency in India. It is headquartered in New Delhi and is a nonprofit cooperative among more than 450 Indian newspapers. It has over 500 full-time employees as of 1 January 2022, including about 400 journalists. It also has nearly 400 part-time correspondents in most of the district headquarters of the country. PTI also has correspondents in major capitals and important business centres around the world. It was incorporated in Madras in 1947 with The Hindu's proprietor, Kasturi Srinivasan, as its Founding Chairman. It took over the operations of the Associated Press of India from Reuters in 1948–49. It provides news coverage and information of the region in both English and Hindi.

Reuters
Reuters (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a British news agency owned by Thomson Reuters. It employs around 2,500 journalists and 600 photojournalists in about 200 locations worldwide writing in 16 languages. Reuters is one of the largest news agencies in the world.

The agency was established in London in 1851 by the German baron Paul Reuter. The Thomson Corporation of Canada acquired the agency in a 2008 corporate merger, resulting in the formation of the Thomson Reuters Corporation.

In December 2024, Reuters was ranked as the 27th most visited news site in the world, with over 105 million monthly readers.
Večernje novosti
Večernje novosti (Serbian Cyrillic: Вечерње новости; lit. 'Evening News') is a Serbian daily tabloid newspaper. Founded in 1953, it quickly grew into a high-circulation daily and also employs foreign correspondents spread around 23 national capitals around the globe.

The principal Yugoslav-level media companies were Borba and Tanjug. Borba published two daily newspapers, Borba and Večernje novosti. Borba was a daily broad-sheet, was well known as the official voice of the government, and in the early 1950s, it was the best-selling newspaper in Yugoslavia. The second daily newspaper published by Borba was Večernje novosti, a well-edited evening paper. It was a modern tabloid with short news, human interest stories, big photos, well-written headlines, and many sports, city and regional reports. For a long period of time Večernje novosti had the largest circulation in Yugoslavia. Only Večernji list from Zagreb occasionally beat them.

Danas
Danas (pronounced [ˈdǎnas], lit. 'Today') is a United Group-owned daily newspaper of record published in Belgrade, Serbia. It is a left-oriented media, promoting social-democracy and European Union integration. It is a vocal media supporter of Serbian NGO activities towards human rights and minorities protection.
British Grand Prix (athletics)
The British Grand Prix, formerly known as the Birmingham Grand Prix or the Aviva Birmingham Grand Prix, was an annual athletics meeting. From 2010 through 2021 it was a part of the Diamond League series of track and field meets. From 1997 through 2005 the name British Grand Prix was used for meetings that were part of the London Grand Prix series, before reverting to the meetings usually held in Gateshead and Birmingham.

In 2020 the event was due to be held at the Gateshead International Stadium but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. The event returned once more to Gateshead in 2021. There was a 2022 Diamond League meeting (2022 Birmingham Diamond League) held at Alexander Stadium in Birmingham, though it was officially a continuation of the Anniversary Games (usually held in London) rather than a British Grand Prix event.

2013 Diamond League
The 2013 IAAF Diamond League was the fourth edition of the Diamond League, an annual series of fourteen one-day track and field meetings.

The series began on 10 May in Doha, Qatar and ended on 6 September in Brussels, Belgium.
Village development committee (Nepal)
A village development committee (Nepali: गाउँ विकास समिति; gāum̐ vikās samiti) in Nepal was the lower administrative part of its Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development. Each district had several VDCs, similar to municipalities but with greater public-government interaction and administration. There were 3,157 village development committees in Nepal. Each village development committee was further divided into several wards (Nepali: वडा) depending on the population of the district, the average being nine wards.

Rampur Birta, Siraha
Rampur Birta  is a town in Mirchaiya Municipality in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. The formerly village development committee was merged to form new municipality since 18 May 2014 along with existing Rampur Birta, Malhaniyakhori, Radhopur, Ramnagar Mirchaiya, Fulbariya, Sitapur PraDa and Maheshpur Gamharia Village Development Committees. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4236.
U.S. Route 231
U.S. Route 231 (US 231) is a north–south U.S highway that is a parallel route of US 31. It runs for 912 miles (1,468 km) from St. John, Indiana, at US 41 to south of US 98 in downtown Panama City, Florida.
One of its most notable landmarks is the William H. Natcher Bridge, a 0.853 miles (1.373 km) long cable-stayed bridge that connects Rockport, Indiana, to Owensboro, Kentucky, spanning the Ohio River.

Interstate 165 (Kentucky)
Interstate 165 (I-165) is a 70.2-mile-long (113.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US state of Kentucky. A spur route of I-65, it extends from I-65 in Bowling Green to U.S. Route 60 (US 60) and US 231 in Owensboro. It opened in 1972 as the Green River Parkway and was renamed the William H. Natcher Parkway in 1994. It was designated as I-165 in 2019 after completion of a project that brought the highway up to Interstate Highway standards.
Steam frigate
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. The first such ships were paddle steamers. Later on the invention of screw propulsion enabled construction of screw-powered versions of the traditional frigates, corvettes, sloops and gunboats.

Spanish corvette Tornado
Tornado was a bark-rigged screw steam corvette of the Spanish Navy, first launched at Clydebank, Scotland in 1863, as the Confederate raider CSS Texas. She is most famous for having captured the North American filibustering ship Virginius, which led to the "Virginius Affair", which afterwards led to the Spanish-American Crisis of 1873.
Unmanned aerial vehicle
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or unmanned aircraft system (UAS), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft with no human pilot, crew, or passengers on board, but rather is controlled remotely or is autonomous. UAVs were originally developed through the twentieth century for military missions too "dull, dirty or dangerous" for humans, and by the twenty-first had become essential assets to most militaries. As control technologies improved and costs fell, their use expanded to many non-military applications. These include aerial photography, area coverage, precision agriculture, forest fire monitoring, river monitoring, environmental monitoring, weather observation, policing and surveillance, infrastructure inspections, smuggling, product deliveries, entertainment, and drone racing.

Artillery observer
An artillery observer, artillery spotter, or forward observer (FO) is a soldier responsible for directing artillery and mortar fire support onto a target. An artillery observer usually accompanies a tank or infantry unit. Spotters ensure that indirect fire hits targets which those at a fire support base cannot see.
Samuel Pepys
Samuel Pepys FRS (/ˈpiːps/ PEEPS; 23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English writer and Tory politician. He served as an official in the Navy Board and Member of Parliament, but is most remembered today for the diary he kept for almost a decade. Though he had no maritime experience, Pepys rose to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both Charles II and James II through patronage, diligence, and his talent for administration. His influence and reforms at the English Admiralty were important in the early professionalisation of the Royal Navy.

The detailed private diary that Pepys kept from 1660 until 1669 was first published in the 19th century and is one of the most important primary sources of the Stuart Restoration. It provides a combination of personal revelation and eyewitness accounts of great events, such as the Great Plague of London, the Second Anglo-Dutch War and the Great Fire of London.

Red Bull Theatre
51°31′27″N 0°06′12″W﻿ / ﻿51.524259°N 0.103336°W﻿ / 51.524259; -0.103336

The Red Bull Theatre was an inn-yard conversion erected in Clerkenwell, London, operating in the 17th century. For more than forty years, it entertained audiences drawn primarily from the City and its suburbs, developing a reputation over the years for rowdiness. After Parliament closed the theatres in 1642, it continued to host illegal performances intermittently, and when the theatres reopened after the Restoration, it became a legitimate venue again. There is a myth that it burned down in the Great Fire of London but the direct reason for its end is unclear.
Live with Kelly and Mark
Live with Kelly and Mark (or simply Live) is an American syndicated morning talk show hosted by Kelly Ripa and Mark Consuelos. Executive produced by Michael Gelman, the Live with... show formula has aired under various hosts since 1983 locally on WABC-TV in New York City and 1988 nationwide. As of 2016, it is produced by WABC.

With roots in A.M. Los Angeles and A.M. New York, Live began as The Morning Show, hosted by Regis Philbin and Cyndy Garvey; the show rose to national prominence as Live with Regis and Kathie Lee when Philbin was joined by Kathie Lee Gifford. Gifford was followed by Ripa. The franchise has had longstanding success and has won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show and Outstanding Talk Show Hosts. Since April 2023, the show has been hosted by Ripa and her husband, Mark Consuelos. Prior to Consuelos, Ripa previously co-hosted the show with Philbin, Michael Strahan, and Ryan Seacrest.

Good Day L.A.
Good Day L.A. is an American morning television news and entertainment program airing on KTTV (channel 11), a Fox owned-and-operated television station in Los Angeles, California, owned by the Fox Television Stations subsidiary of Fox Corporation. The program broadcasts each weekday morning from 4 a.m. to 11 a.m. Pacific Time. The program features news, traffic, weather, and entertainment segments (including celebrity interviews, which are mainly done in studio, but occasionally via satellite). The program also features weekly segments on finance, tech, wellness, and food.
R. Seth Williams
Rufus Seth Williams (born January 2, 1967) is a former district attorney of the city of Philadelphia. He began his term January 4, 2010. He formerly served as an assistant district attorney. Williams was the first African-American district attorney in Philadelphia and in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. On March 21, 2017, Williams was indicted on 23 counts of bribery, extortion, and fraud. His trial began June 19, 2017. He resigned and pleaded guilty to one charge on June 29, 2017.

District Attorney of Philadelphia
The office of the District Attorney of Philadelphia is the largest prosecutor's office in the US state of Pennsylvania and oversees a jurisdiction that includes more than 1.5 million citizens of both the city and county of Philadelphia.  The current District Attorney of Philadelphia is Larry Krasner. The district attorney represents the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the City & County of Philadelphia in all criminal and other prosecutions.

The district attorney is an elected office, and terms begin on the first Monday in January following the election.  Prior to 1850, the functions of this office were performed by a deputy state attorney-general. An Act of 3 May 1850 P.L. 654 authorized the voters of each of Pennsylvania's counties to elect one person, of requisite legal background to serve as district attorney for a term of three years. The term was extended to four years under the State Constitution of 1874, Article 14.
Alexander Yuzhin
Alexander Ivanovich Yuzhin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Ю́жин; 1857–1927) was a stage name of the Georgian Prince Sumbatov (Sumbatashvili), who dominated the Malyi Theatre of Moscow at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. He was best known for the Romantical parts in the dramas by Schiller and Victor Hugo but also penned a number of plays himself. Yuzhin lived on to become one of the first  People's Artists of the Republic  in 1922.

He was a freemason. Initiated to February 17, 1908 in the masonic lodge "Renaissance" (Grand Orient of France).

Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko (Russian: Владимир Иванович Немирович-Данченко; 23 December [O.S. 11 December] 1858 – 25 April 1943) was a Soviet and Russian theatre director, writer, pedagogue, playwright, producer and theatre administrator, who founded the Moscow Art Theatre with his colleague, Konstantin Stanislavski, in 1898.
Dream On (TV series)
Dream On is an American sitcom television series created by Marta Kauffman and David Crane. It follows the family life, romantic life, and career of Martin Tupper, a divorced New York City book editor played by Brian Benben. The show distinctively interjected clips from older black-and-white television series to punctuate Martin's feelings or thoughts. It ran for six seasons on HBO between July 8, 1990, and March 27, 1996.

Dharma & Greg
Dharma & Greg is an American television sitcom that originally aired on ABC for five seasons from September 24, 1997, to April 30, 2002, with a total of 119 episodes.

The show starred Jenna Elfman and Thomas Gibson as Dharma and Greg Montgomery, a couple who married on their first date despite being polar opposites. The series was co-produced by Chuck Lorre Productions, More-Medavoy Productions and 4 to 6 Foot Productions (seasons 1–2 only) in association with 20th Century Fox Television. The show's theme song was written and performed by composer Dennis C. Brown.

Created by executive producers Dottie Dartland and Chuck Lorre, the comedy took much of its inspiration from culture-clash "fish out of water" situations. The show earned eight Golden Globe nominations, six Emmy Award nominations, and six Satellite Award nominations. Elfman earned a Golden Globe in 1999 for Best Actress.
Sparadok Point
Sparadok Point (Bulgarian: нос Спарадок, ‘Nos Sparadok’ \'nos spa-ra-'dok\) is a sharp ice-free point projecting 200 m from the coast of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica with a shingle spit extending further 300 m northwards into Barclay Bay.  It is surmounted by Tsamblak Hill. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The point is named after the Thracian King Sparadok, 445-435 BC.

Rowe Point
Rowe Point is a sharp, low ice-free point at the northeastern extremity of Ivanov Beach on the southeast coast of Barclay Bay in western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Mneme Lake is just west of the point.

The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, in one of its restricted zones.

The point is named after Captain Henry Rowe, Master of the British sealing vessel Grace that operated out of the bay of New Plymouth, Livingston Island, in 1821–22.
Zosimus (historian)
Zosimus (Ancient Greek: Ζώσιμος [ˈzosimos]; fl. 490s–510s) was a Greek historian who lived in Constantinople during the reign of the eastern Roman Emperor Anastasius I (491–518). According to Photius, he was a comes, and held the office of "advocate" of the imperial treasury. Zosimus was also known for condemning Constantine’s rejection of the traditional polytheistic religion.

Little more is known about the life of Zosimus except that he was Greek and a pagan. He was not a contemporary of the events of his books.

Decius
Gaius Messius Quintus Trajanus Decius (c. 201 – June 251), known as Trajan Decius or simply Decius (/ˈdiːʃiəs/), was Roman emperor from 249 to 251.

A distinguished politician during the reign of Philip the Arab, Decius was proclaimed emperor by his troops after putting down a rebellion in Moesia. In 249, he defeated and killed Phillip near Verona and was recognized as emperor by the Senate afterwards. During his reign, he attempted to strengthen the Roman state and its religion, leading to the Decian persecution, where a number of prominent Christians (including Pope Fabian) were put to death. In the last year of his reign, Decius co-ruled with his son Herennius Etruscus, until they were both killed by the Goths in the Battle of Abritus.
Tamaulipas
Tamaulipas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas, is a state in Mexico; it is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federated entities of Mexico. It is divided into 43 municipalities.

It is located in northeast Mexico and is bordered by the states of  Nuevo León to the west, San Luis Potosí to the southwest, and Veracruz to the southeast. To the north, it has a 370 km (230 mi) stretch of the U.S.–Mexico border with the state of Texas, and to the east it is bordered by the Gulf of Mexico. In addition to the capital city, Ciudad Victoria, the state's largest cities include Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Tampico, and Mante.

Rey de Reyes
Rey de Reyes (Spanish for "King of Kings") is a major annual professional wrestling event in Mexico produced by Mexican professional wrestling promotion Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, a subsidiary of WWE. The event was established in 1997 and centers around the Rey de Reyes tournament, which is comparable to WWE's King of the Ring tournament. It originally consisted of four-way elimination matches with four qualifiers and a final. The winner is presented with a sword, which some have carried with them for an entire year. In 2026, the Rey de Reyes tournament the winner also receives a future AAA Mega Championship match.
Awit Awards
The Awit Awards are music awards in the Philippines given annually by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI) to recognize the outstanding achievements in the music industry. The word "Awit" means "song" literally in Tagalog.

The first awards were given in 1969 at a ceremony in Makati. After three awards ceremonies were held, the Awit Awards were discontinued in 1972. In 1988, PARI brought back the awards and today, the organization still handles these awards.

7th PMPC Star Awards for Music
The Pamusikatan: 7th PMPC Star Awards for Music (organized by Philippine Movie Press Club headed by current president Joe Barrameda and produced by Airtime Marketing Philippines, Inc. headed by Tessie Celestino-Howard). It was held at the Kia Theatre, Araneta Center, Cubao, Quezon City on November 10, 2015, hosted by Kim Chiu and Enchong Dee with DJ Tom Taus, directed by Bert De Leon. It was aired on ABS-CBN's Sunday's Best on November 29 at 10:45pm.
Cutterpillow
Cutterpillow is the third studio album by the Philippine alternative rock band Eraserheads, released on December 8, 1995 through BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc.

It became the band’s most commercially successful album in the Philippines. To date, Cutterpillow has sold over 400,000 units in the country, becoming the third biggest-selling album in OPM history and the biggest for any Philippine band or group. The album features hit singles such as “Overdrive”, "Torpedo", “Huwag Mo Nang Itanong”, and “Ang Huling El Bimbo”.

Ultraelectromagneticpop!
Ultraelectromagneticpop! is the debut studio album by the Philippine alternative rock band Eraserheads, first released on July 1, 1993, by BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc. It was produced by the band (credited as “Dem”) and Ed Formoso.

Eraserheads formed in 1989 at University of the Philippines Diliman and signed a recording contract with BMG in 1992. They recorded Ultraelectromagneticpop! from July 1992 to April 1993. The recording was hampered by several reasons such as frequent brownouts and Formoso leaving the studio for undisclosed reasons.

The album spawned hit singles such as "Ligaya”, “Toyang”, and “Pare Ko”, best known for its explicit lyrics. It is often credited with revitalizing the alternative rock genre in the Philippines during the 1990s.
Tafsir al-Qurtubi
Al-Jāmiʿ li-Aḥkām al-Qurʾān (Arabic: الجامع لأحكام القرآن, lit. 'The General Judgments of the Qur'an'), commonly known as Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī (Arabic: تفسير القرطبي), is a classical Sunni Quranic commentary authored by al-Qurtubi, a Maliki jurist and Ash'arite theologian. The work focuses primarily on the legal rulings (aḥkām) derived from the Qur'an while also encompassing linguistic analysis, historical context, theological discussions, and spiritual insights. It is considered one of the most comprehensive and renowned Qur'anic commentaries in Islamic scholarship.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim (Arabic: تفسير القرءان العظيم‎, romanized: Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿAẓīm), commonly known as Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Arabic: تفسير ابن كثير, romanized: Tafsīr Ibn Kathīr), is the Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir) by Ibn Kathir. It is one of the most famous Islamic books concerned with the science of interpretation of the Quran.

It also includes jurisprudential rulings, and takes care of the hadiths and is famous for being almost devoid of Israʼiliyyat. It is the most followed tafsir by Salafists.