hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stamford Bridge (stadium)
Stamford Bridge (/ˈstæmfərd/) is a football stadium in Fulham, in the Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, in West London. It is the home of Premier League club Chelsea. With a capacity of 41,312, it is the twelfth-largest football stadium in England.

Opened in 1877, the stadium was used by London Athletic Club until 1905, when new owner Gus Mears founded Chelsea Football Club to occupy the ground; Chelsea have played their home games there ever since. It has undergone major changes over the years, most recently in the 1990s when it was renovated into a modern, all-seater stadium.

Stamford Bridge has hosted Charity Shield games. It has also hosted numerous other sports, such as cricket, rugby union, rugby league, speedway, greyhound racing, baseball and American football. The stadium's highest official attendance is 82,905, for a league match between Chelsea and Arsenal on 12 October 1935.

Marcos Alonso (footballer, born 1990)
Marcos Alonso Mendoza (born 28 December 1990) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays either as a left-back or centre-back for La Liga club Celta de Vigo.

He started his career at Real Madrid but went on to make his name with Bolton Wanderers in England and later with Fiorentina in Italy. His success at the latter club led Chelsea to sign him for an estimated £24 million in 2016, going on to win multiple honours including the Premier League in the 2016–17 season and the UEFA Champions League in 2021. He returned to his country in summer 2022, winning La Liga in 2022–23 with Barcelona.

Alonso made his full debut for Spain in March 2018. He went on to earn nine caps in four years.
Peddapuram
Peddapuram is a town in the Kakinada district of Andhra Pradesh in South India. The town also forms a part of Godavari Urban Development Authority.

Peddapuram is known for its milk based sweet called PalaKova. The town is also popular in manufacturing the Silk Sarees and other Handloom varieties.

Samalkota
Samalkota, commonly known as Samarlakota, is a town in Kakinada district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The town forms a part of Kakinada Urban Development Authority. It was previously known as Chamarlakota, which dates back to a local kaifiyat that was written in the mid-eighteenth century.
Nicomedia
Nicomedia (/ˌnɪkəˈmiːdiə/; Greek: Νικομήδεια, Nikomedeia; modern İzmit) was an ancient Greek city located in what is now Turkey. In 286 AD, Nicomedia became the eastern and most senior capital city of the Roman Empire (chosen by the emperor Diocletian who ruled in the east), a status which the city maintained during the Tetrarchy system (293–324 AD).

The Tetrarchy ended with the Battle of Chrysopolis (Üsküdar) in 324 AD, when the western Roman emperor Constantine the Great defeated Licinius and became the sole emperor. In 330 AD, Constantine chose for himself the nearby Byzantium (which was renamed Constantinople, modern Istanbul) as the new capital of the Roman Empire.

The city was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire with the victory of Sultan Orhan Gazi against the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines managed to retake it in the aftermath of the Battle of Ankara, but it fell definitively to the Ottomans in 1419 AD.

Roman province
The Roman provinces (Latin: provincia, pl. provinciae) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as governor.

For centuries, it was the largest administrative unit of the foreign possessions of ancient Rome. With the administrative reform initiated by Diocletian, it became a third level administrative subdivision of the Roman Empire, or rather a subdivision of the imperial dioceses (in turn subdivisions of the imperial prefectures).
Belk
Belk, Inc. is an American department store chain founded in 1888 by William Henry Belk. Local partnerships allowed Belk to expand during the 1900s, and resulted in several Belk co-brandings. The distinct legal entities were consolidated into a single company and uniform Belk brand in 1998. It was acquired by private equity firm Sycamore Partners in 2015.

Simon Property Group
Simon Media Properties, LLC, doing business as Simon Property Group, Inc., is an American real estate investment trust that invests in shopping malls, outlet centers, and community/lifestyle centers. It is the largest owner of shopping malls in the United States and is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana. As of December 31, 2024, it owned  interests in 232 properties.
Bartonville, Illinois
Bartonville is a village in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. The population was 5,945 at the 2020 census. Bartonville is a suburb of Peoria and is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Morton, Illinois
Morton is a village in Tazewell County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,117 at the 2020 census. The community holds a yearly Morton Pumpkin Festival for four days every September, and claims that "99 percent of the world's canned pumpkin is produced in Morton," earning it the designation "Pumpkin Capital of the World".
Deportes La Serena
Club de Deportes La Serena S.A.D.P., is a Chilean football club based in the city of La Serena, Coquimbo Region. The club was founded 9 December 1955 and currently plays in the Liga de Primera. Their home games are played at the La Portada stadium, which has a capacity of 18,254 seats. Their biggest rival is Coquimbo Unido. They are nicknamed "Gigante de La Cuarta", because of the Copa Chile they won back in the 1960, being the only club in the region that has this trophy

2019 Campeonato Nacional Primera B
The 2019 Primera B de Chile (known as Campeonato As.com 2019 for sponsoring purposes) was the 66th season of Chile's second-tier football league. The competition began on 15 February 2019 and was scheduled to end in December 2019.

Due to the 2019 Chilean protests, the competition was suspended since mid-October with three matches as well as the promotion play-offs still left. After a failed attempt to resume normal activity, on 29 November 2019, ANFP's Council of Presidents voted to conclude the season. Originally it was decided that no teams would be either promoted or relegated this season, however, on 6 December 2019 ANFP decided to declare Santiago Wanderers, who were leading the competition at the time of the suspension, as champions and promoted to the Primera División, as well as allowing another team to be promoted through a play-off. No teams were relegated to the Segunda División Profesional this season.
East Japan Railway Company
The East Japan Railway Company is a major passenger railway company in Japan and the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR East in English, and as JR Higashi-Nihon in Japanese. The company's headquarters are in Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo, next to Shinjuku Station. It is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange (it formerly had secondary listings in the Nagoya and Osaka stock exchanges), is a constituent of the TOPIX Large70 index, and is one of three Japan Railways Group constituents of the Nikkei 225 index, the others being JR Central and JR West.

Katagami, Akita
Katagami (潟上市, Katagami-shi) is a city located in Akita Prefecture, Japan. As of 28 February 2023, the city had an estimated population of 31,775 in 14162  households, and a population density of 330 persons per km². The total area of the city is 97.72 square kilometres (37.73 sq mi).
The Rifles
The Rifles is an infantry regiment of the British Army. Formed in 2007, it consists of four Regular battalions and three Reserve battalions. Each Regular battalion was formerly an individual battalion of one of the two large regiments of the Light Division (with the exception of the 1st Battalion, which is an amalgamation of two individual regiments). The regiment was involved in the later stages of the Iraq War and in the War in Afghanistan.

Rifleman
A rifleman is an infantry soldier armed with a rifled long gun.  Although the rifleman role had its origin with 16th century hand cannoneers and 17th century musketeers, the term  originated in the 18th century with the introduction of the rifled musket.  By the mid-19th century, entire regiments of riflemen were formed and became the mainstay of all standard infantry, and rifleman became a generic term for any common infantryman.
Simdega district
Simdega district is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Simdega town is the administrative headquarters of this district. As of 2011, this district is the least densely populated district and the third least populous district of Jharkhand after Lohardaga and Khunti districts. Simdega District was carved out from erstwhile Gumla district on 30 April 2001. It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.

Sundergarh district
Sundergarh district, also known as Sundargarh district, is a district in the northwestern part of Odisha state in eastern India.

Sundargarh district is bounded by Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh in the west, Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh in the North-West, Simdega district of Jharkhand in the North, West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand and Keonjhar district of Odisha in the east and Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh and Angul districts of Odisha in the South. The town of Sundargarh is the district headquarters. Rourkela is the largest city in the entire district.
Norwich
Norwich (/ˈnɒrɪdʒ, -ɪtʃ/ ⓘ, "Norritch";) is a cathedral city and district of the county of Norfolk, England, of which it is the county town. It lies by the River Wensum, about 100 mi (160 km) north-east of London, 40 mi (64 km) north of Ipswich and 65 mi (105 km) east of Peterborough. The population of the Norwich City Council local authority area was estimated to be 144,000 in 2021, which was an increase from 143,135 in 2019. The wider Norwich built-up area had a population of 213,166 at the 2011 United Kingdom census.

Norwich the seat of the see of the Diocese of Norwich. For much of the second millennium, from medieval to just before industrial times, Norwich was one of the most prosperous and largest towns in England; it was second only to London. Today, it is the largest settlement in East Anglia.

Heart Norwich
Heart Norwich (formerly Radio Broadland) is an Independent Local Radio station for Norfolk and North Suffolk, including Norwich, Great Yarmouth and Lowestoft, until early 2009. The station is owned and operated by Global Radio as part of the Heart Network.
Cowbell (instrument)
The cowbell is an idiophone hand percussion instrument used in various styles of music, such as Latin and rock. It is named after the similar bell used by herdsmen to keep track of the whereabouts of cows. The instrument initially and traditionally has been metallic; however, contemporarily, some variants are made of synthetic materials.

Cuíca
The cuíca (Portuguese pronunciation: [kuˈikɐ]) is a Brazilian friction drum with a large pitch range, produced by changing tension on the head of the drum. Cuíca is Portuguese for the gray four-eyed opossum (Philander opossum) which is known for its high-pitched cry. The cuíca is frequently used in carnivals, as well as often in samba music. The tone it produces has a high-pitched squeaky timbre. It has been called a 'laughing gourd' due to this sound. The General MIDI drum kit provides cuíca sounds at the notes F♯5 and G5.
Global Justice Now
Global Justice Now, formerly known as the World Development Movement (WDM), is a membership organisation based in the United Kingdom which campaigns on issues of global justice and development in the Global South.

The organisation produces research on topics on the developing world and free trade. Examples include their work against trade deals such as TTIP, or highlighting how UK aid has been used.

Much of their research is aimed at attempting to demonstrate how corporation power, supported by governments, has an adverse effect on those living in poverty.

Oxfam
Oxfam is a British-founded confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs), focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It began as the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief in Oxford, UK, in 1942, to alleviate World War Two related hunger and continued in the aftermath of the war. Oxfam has an international presence with operations in 79 countries and 21 members in the Oxfam Confederation in Australia, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North and Latin America and the Caribbean.

Since 2005, Oxfam International has been involved in a series of controversies as it expanded, especially concerning its operations in Haiti and Chad. There have been criticisms of its management of operations in the UK as well.
2025 Sakhir Formula 2 round
The 2025 Sakhir FIA Formula 2 round was a motor racing event held between 11 and 13 April 2025 at the Bahrain International Circuit. It was the second round of the 2025 FIA Formula 2 Championship and was held in support of the 2025 Bahrain Grand Prix.

2025 Barcelona Formula 2 round
The 2025 Barcelona FIA Formula 2 round was a motor racing event held between 30 May and 1 June 2025 at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya. It was the sixth round of the 2025 FIA Formula 2 Championship and was held in support of the 2025 Spanish Grand Prix.

Richard Verschoor won the sprint race after making a stop under safety car for fresh tyres. Alex Dunne recovered from 19th on the grid to second position after being given two grid penalties, and Rafael Villagómez claimed his maiden F2 podium in third. Arvid Lindblad won the feature race from pole position, followed by Sebastián Montoya and Verschoor. Jak Crawford finished fourth, with a late safety car preventing him and other alternate strategy runners from challenging the podium-sitters. Dunne left the round as the championship leader, three points ahead of Verschoor.
Ministry of Finance (Thailand)
The Ministry of Finance (Abrv: MOF; Thai: กระทรวงการคลัง, RTGS: Krasuang Kan Khlang) is a cabinet ministry in the Government of Thailand.

Considered one of the country's most important ministries, the Ministry of Finance has numerous responsibilities over public finance, taxation, the treasury, government properties, the operations of government monopolies, and revenue-generating enterprises. The ministry is also vested with the power to provide loan guarantees for governmental agencies, financial institutions, and state enterprises.

Ministry of Commerce (Thailand)
The Ministry of Commerce (Abrv: MOC; Thai: กระทรวงพาณิชย์, RTGS: Krasuang Phanit) is a cabinet ministry in the government of Thailand. The Minister of Commerce is a member of the Cabinet of Thailand. The ministry is responsible for trade, prices of important agricultural goods, consumer protection, entrepreneurship, insurance, intellectual property protection, exports, and representing Thailand at the World Trade Organization. The Ministry of Commerce was established by royal command of King Vajiravudh (Rama VI) on August 20, 1920, by raising the Department of Commerce and Statistics in the Ministry of Finance to a ministry called the Commerce Dissemination Council. Prince Kitiyakara Voralaksana, the older half-brother of King Vajiravudh was appointed as the first president of the council, with a status equivalent to that of a minister. The ministry moved to its present premises in Nonthaburi in 1989.
Ray Meagher
Raymond Francis Meagher OAM (born 4 July 1944) is an Australian actor, who has appeared in Australian film and television since the mid-1970s. He is notable as the longest continuing performer in an Australian television role, portraying Alf Stewart on  Home and Away, having played the role since the first episode in 1988. Meagher won a Gold Logie Award for his role in Home and Away in 2010 and has currently played the role of Alf for over 37 years.

TV Week
TV Week is a weekly Australian magazine that provides television program listings information and highlights, as well as television-related news.

Content ranges from previews for upcoming storylines of popular television programs, particularly dramas, comedies, soap operas and reality shows airing in Australia, celebrity interviews, gossip and news reports about television, movies and music. A full weekly program guide with highlights is featured, as well listings for streaming services and crossword puzzles.

It was first published as a Melbourne-only publication in December 1957 (as TV-Radio Week), bearing a strong affiliation to television station Channel Nine, GTV9. The publication is also well known for its association with the annual TV Week Logie Awards.
Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.

Discrete space
In topology, a discrete space is a particularly simple example of a topological space or similar structure, one in which the points form a discontinuous sequence, meaning they are isolated from each other in a certain sense. The discrete topology is the finest topology that can be given on a set. Every subset is open in the discrete topology so that in particular, every singleton subset is an open set in the discrete topology.
Hawaiian Gardens, California
Hawaiian Gardens is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is the smallest city in the county in area (approximately 1.0 mi2) and was incorporated on April 9, 1964. The population was 14,149 at the 2020 census, down slightly from 14,254 at the 2010 census.

The city's unusual name originated with a 1920s refreshment stand that was decorated with palm fronds and bamboo. It was the then-rural area's main landmark for many years, and its name stuck as the small town grew up around it. As one of seven Los Angeles County cities that allow casino gambling, more than $9.2 million (65%) of the city's revenue comes from the Gardens Casino.

Garden Grove, California
Garden Grove is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 171,949 at the 2020 census. State Route 22, also known as the Garden Grove Freeway, passes through the city in an east–west direction. The western portion of the city is known as West Garden Grove.
Saski Baskonia
Club Deportivo Saski-Baskonia, S.A.D commonly known as Saski Baskonia (pronounced [s̺as̺ki bas̺konia]) and also simply as Baskonia, is a professional basketball team based in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country. The team plays in the Liga ACB and the EuroLeague.

Neven Spahija
Neven Spahija (born 6 November 1962) is a Croatian professional basketball coach, who is currently the head coach for Reyer Venezia of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). He spent four years in the NBA as an assistant coach with the Atlanta Hawks and Memphis Grizzlies.
Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (/mənˈroʊ/ mən-ROH; September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American mandolinist, singer, and songwriter who created the bluegrass music genre. For this reason, he is often called the "Father of Bluegrass".

The genre takes its name from his band, the Blue Grass Boys, who named their group for the bluegrass of Monroe's home state of Kentucky. He described the genre as "Scottish bagpipes and ole-time fiddlin'. It's Methodist and Holiness and Baptist. It's blues and jazz, and it has a high lonesome sound."

Ohio County, Kentucky
Ohio County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,772. Its county seat is Hartford, and its largest city is Beaver Dam. The county is named after the Ohio River, which originally formed its northern border. It is a moist county, which means that the sale of alcohol is only legal within certain city limits.
C-segment
The C-segment is the 3rd category of the European segments for passenger cars and is described as "medium cars". It is equivalent to the Euro NCAP "small family car" size class, and the compact car category in the United States.

In 2024, the C-segment had a European market share of 13.9%.

E-segment
The E-segment is the 5th category of the European segments for passenger cars, synonymous with the term executive car.

E-Segment is a niche in Europe (2-3% penetration in 2010s). In 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, E-segment sales accounted for 2.7%, 2.7%, 2.3% and 2.1% market share in Europe, respectively.
2010 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
The 2010 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup women's football tournament was the second such tournament, and was held in Trinidad and Tobago from 5 to 25 September 2010. Sixteen teams, comprising representatives from all six confederations, took part in the final competition, in which Trinidad and Tobago had a guaranteed place as the host nation.

United States women's national under-17 soccer team
The United States U-17 women's national soccer team is a youth soccer team operated under the auspices of U.S. Soccer. Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior national team. The team's most recent major tournament was the 2024 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, in which the United States team won bronze. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, which is the top competition for this age group.
Purnia district
Purnia district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar. The district lies in the Kosi-Seemanchal subregion of the greater Mithila region of the state. The city of Purnia is the administrative headquarters of this district. Purnia city has continued its tradition of hoisting the national flag at 12:07 am on every Independence Day since 1947. Purnia district is a part of Purnia Division.  The district extends northwards from the Ganga river.Purnia district is located in eastern Bihar.

Supaul district
25°55′48″N 86°15′00″E﻿ / ﻿25.9300°N 86.2500°E﻿ / 25.9300; 86.2500

Supaul district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India. The town Supaul is the district's administrative headquarters. The district, which was split from the former Saharsa district on 14 March 1991, occupies 2,410 km2 (931 sq mi).
Institution of Electrical Engineers
The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) was a British professional organisation of electronics, electrical, manufacturing, and information technology professionals, especially electrical engineers. It began in 1871 as the Society of Telegraph Engineers. In 2006, it merged with the Institution of Incorporated Engineers and the new organisation is Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET).

Notable past presidents have included Lord Kelvin (1889), Sir Joseph Swan (1898) and Sebastian de Ferranti (1910–11). Notable chairmen include John M. M. Munro (1910–11).

Institution of Chemical Engineers
The Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) is a global professional engineering institution with 30,000 members in 114 countries. It was founded in 1922 and awarded a Royal Charter in 1957.

The Institution has offices in Rugby, Melbourne, Wellington, New Zealand and Kuala Lumpur.