hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hector Boece
Hector Boece (/ˈbɔɪs/; also spelled Boyce or Boise; 1465–1536), known in Latin as Hector Boecius or Boethius, was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and the first Principal of King's College in Aberdeen, a predecessor of the University of Aberdeen.

David Hume of Godscroft
David Hume or Home of Godscroft (1558–1629) was a Scottish historian and political theorist, poet and controversialist, a major intellectual figure in Jacobean Scotland. It has been said that "Hume marks the culmination of the Scottish humanist tradition."

Confusion is possible with David Hume or Home, Scottish minister at Duras in France, a contemporary: they had quite different views on the union with England.
US Avellino 1912
Unione Sportiva Avellino 1912, commonly referred to as US Avellino 1912, is an Italian professional football club based in Avellino, Campania. It competes in Serie B, the second tier of Italian football.

It is the official continuity club of US Avellino 1912, known worldwide for having competed in Serie A for ten consecutive seasons, from 1978–1979 to 1987–1988. The team went through two major reboots: once, in 2009, when it went bankrupt, and then, in 2018, when it was excluded from Serie B. In both cases, new clubs were founded to join the Serie D league.

The club was renamed as Avellino Calcio.12 Società Sportiva Dilettantistica in 2009, then Associazione Sportiva Avellino 1912 in 2010, and restored to the original Unione Sportiva Avellino 1912 in 2015, although initially taking the name Calcio Avellino Società Sportiva Dilettantistica for the 2018–2019 season.

2008–09 Serie B
The 2008–09 Serie B season was the seventy-seventh since its establishment. A total of 22 teams will contest the league, 15 of which will be returning from the 2007–08 season, four of which will have been promoted from Serie C1 (now Lega Pro Prima Divisione), and three relegated from Serie A.
Hussein Fatal
Bruce Edward Washington Jr. (April 3, 1973 – July 10, 2015), better known by his stage name Hussein Fatal or sometimes as Fatal Hussein, was an American rapper, best known for his collaborative work with Tupac Shakur as a member of the rap group Outlawz.

Kastro (rapper)
Katari Terrance Cox (born December 30, 1976), better known by his stage name Kastro, is an American rapper. A cousin of Tupac Shakur, Kastro would perform alongside him in the former's rap group, the Outlawz, and is featured on many of the late rapper's songs such as "Made Niggaz", and "Hail Mary". When he was in elementary school, he introduced his friend, and future Outlawz rapper, Malcolm Greenridge, later named E.D.I. Mean, to Tupac.
Missouri Valley Conference
The Missouri Valley Conference (also called MVC or simply "The Valley") is the fourth-oldest collegiate athletic conference in the United States. The conference's members are primarily located in the Midwest though with substantial extension into the South in states like Kentucky, Tennessee, and Arkansas, along with one affiliate university in Massachusetts.

2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began in November 2012 with the 2K Sports Classic and ended with the 2013 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament Final Four on April 6, 2013 and national championship game on April 8, 2013, both held at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia.
Center for American Progress
The Center for American Progress (CAP) is a public policy research and advocacy organization which presents a liberal viewpoint on economic and social issues. CAP is headquartered in Washington, D.C.

The president and chief executive officer of CAP is Neera Tanden, a Democratic political consultant and former government official. The first president and CEO was John Podesta, who has served as White House Chief of Staff to US president Bill Clinton and as the chairman of the 2016 presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton. Podesta remained with the organization as chairman of the board until he joined the Obama White House staff in December 2013.

Media Matters for America
Media Matters for America (MMfA) is a nonprofit left-leaning watchdog journalism organization. Founded in 2004 by journalist and political activist David Brock as a counterweight to the conservative Media Research Center, it seeks to spotlight "conservative misinformation" in American media; its methods include issuing reports and quick responses. Two example initiatives are the "Drop Fox" campaign (2011–2013), which sought to discredit Fox News's claims of producing "fair and balanced" coverage, and a 2023 report about X (formerly Twitter) that highlighted antisemitism on the platform.

In July 2025, The New York Times reported that Media Matters was "under siege by Trump and Musk" as part of their retribution campaign. Having difficulty paying legal fees, the organization has scaled back criticism, reduced staff, and contemplated closing entirely.
Bahya ibn Paquda
Bahyā ibn Pāqudā (Bahya ben Joseph ibn Pakuda, Pekudah, Bakuda; Judeo-Arabic: בחיי אבן פקודה, Arabic: بهية بن فاقودا), c. 1050–1120, was a Jewish philosopher and rabbi who lived in the Taifa of Zaragoza in al-Andalus (now Spain). He was one of two people now known as Rabbeinu Behaye, the other being the Bible commentator Bahya ben Asher.

Moshe Chaim Luzzatto
Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (Hebrew: משה חיים לוצאטו; also Moses Chaim, Moise Vita, Moses Hayyim or Luzzato; 1707 – 16 May 1746), also known by the Hebrew acronym RaMCHaL (or RaMHaL; רמח"ל‎), was an Italian Jewish rabbi, kabbalist, and philosopher.
The Cramps
The Cramps were an American rock band formed in 1976 and active until 2009. Their lineup rotated frequently during their existence, with the husband-and-wife duo of singer Lux Interior and guitarist Poison Ivy the only ever-present members. The band is credited as progenitors of the psychobilly subgenre, fusing elements of punk rock with rockabilly. The addition of guitarist Bryan Gregory and drummer Pam Balam resulted in the first complete lineup in April 1976. They released their debut album Songs the Lord Taught Us in 1980. The band split after the death of lead singer Interior in 2009.

Miriam Linna
Miriam Linna (born October 16, 1955) is a Canadian-American drummer who has run the Brooklyn, New York-based independent record label Norton Records since 1986, originally with her husband, the late producer and singer-songwriter Billy Miller. Her skill as a drummer earned her a "May I recommend?" nod from Bob Dylan on his XM Theme Time Radio Hour program (episode 37) in January 2007.

Linna is part of the collective of musicians which emerged from the Cleveland, Ohio, punk rock scene including the Dead Boys and Pere Ubu. When the re-formed Rocket from the Tombs performed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 2003, singer David Thomas dedicated the band's signature song "Amphetamine" to her.
Bullet
A bullet is a kinetic projectile, a component of firearm ammunition that is shot from a gun barrel. They are made of a variety of materials, such as copper, lead, steel, polymer, rubber and even wax; and are made in various shapes and constructions (depending on the intended applications), including specialized functions such as hunting, target shooting, training, and combat. Bullets are often tapered, making them more aerodynamic. Bullet size is expressed by weight and diameter (referred to as "caliber") in both imperial and metric measurement systems. Bullets do not normally contain explosives but strike or damage the intended target by transferring kinetic energy upon impact and penetration.

Flechette
A flechette or fléchette (/fleɪˈʃɛt/ flay-SHET) is a pointed, fin-stabilized steel projectile. The name comes from French fléchette (from  flèche), meaning "little arrow" or "dart". They have been used as ballistic weapons since World War I. Delivery systems and methods of launching flechettes vary, from a single shot to thousands in a single explosive round. The use of flechettes as antipersonnel weapons has been controversial; however, in war, it is not prohibited by the Hague Convention.
Berlin–Halle railway
The Berlin–Halle railway, sometimes called the Anhalt railway (German: Anhalter Bahn), is a twin-track, electrified main line found in the German city and state of Berlin, and the states of Brandenburg and Sachsen-Anhalt.  The railway was originally built and managed by the Berlin-Anhaltische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft.

The Anhalt railway runs from Berlin via Jüterbog and Wittenberg to Halle. The line is part of the Line 1 of Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T). In the Berlin area, Anhalt Suburban Line, which carries Berlin S-Bahn services, runs parallel to the main line.

Berlin-Blankenheim railway
The Berlin-Blankenheim railway or Wetzlarer Bahn ("Wetzlar Railway") is a railway line in the German states of Berlin, Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt. It is a section of the Kanonenbahn (Cannons Railway) between Berlin and Metz, built between 1877 and 1882.  Wetzlar used to be an important rail junction on the Kanonenbahn.  The Berlin-Blankenheim line originally ran from Berlin, via Bad Belzig, Güsten, Sandersleben to Blankenheim, where a remnant of it still joins the Halle–Kassel line. The Wiesenburg–Güsten section has carried no traffic since 2004 and is now closed. Only the Berlin–Wiesenburg section is electrified. The Sandersleben–Blankenheim section has only a single track, while the remainder of the still-operating parts of the line is duplicated.
Akkalkot State
Akkalkot State during the British Raj, was a Maratha princely state ruled by the Bhonsle dynasty. The non-salute state came under the Deccan States Agency and was bordered by Hyderabad State and the Bombay Presidency.

The area of the state was 1,290 square kilometres (500 sq mi); its population in 1901 was 82,047, while the population of Akkalkot town itself was 8,348 in that year. In 1911, the state enjoyed a revenue estimated at Rs.26,586/- and paid a tribute to the British Raj of Rs.1,000/-.

Jath State
Jath State,  was one of the non-salute Maratha princely states of Deccan States Agency, one of the former Southern Maratha Jagirs. Jath State and Daphlapur State were the only two states belonging to the Bijapur Agency under the Bombay Presidency, which later became part of the Deccan States Agency.

The state was founded in 1686 by the hereditary Patil (chief) of Daphlapur. 
Jath state (including Daphlapur) covered an area of 980 square miles (2,500 km2), and had a population of 68,665 in 1901, while the population of Jath town itself was 5,414 in that year.
The Raja was married to Princess Usharaje Gaekwad of Baroda who was the grand daughter of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad.
A London Symphony
A London Symphony is the second symphony that Ralph Vaughan Williams composed. The work is sometimes referred to as Symphony No. 2, though the composer did not designate that name for the work. First performed in 1914, the original score of this four-movement symphony was lost and subsequently reconstructed. Vaughan Williams continued revisions of the work into its final definitive form, which was published in 1936.

Pastoral Symphony (Vaughan Williams)
Ralph Vaughan Williams's third symphony, published as A Pastoral Symphony and not formally numbered until later, was completed in 1922. Vaughan Williams's inspiration to write this symphony came during his military service during the First World War after hearing a bugler practising: this ultimately led to the trumpet cadenza in the second movement.

The work has gained the reputation of being a subtly beautiful elegy for the dead of the World War and a meditation on the sounds of peace. Like many of the composer's works, the Pastoral Symphony is not programmatic, but its spirit is evocative. In the last of the four movements a wordless voice (usually soprano, but the score allows for a tenor alternative) joins the orchestral forces.
Firing order
The firing order of an internal combustion engine is the sequence of ignition for the cylinders.

In a spark ignition (e.g. gasoline/petrol) engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which the spark plugs are operated. In a diesel engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which fuel is injected into each cylinder. Four-stroke engines must also time the valve openings relative to the firing order, as the valves do not open and close on every stroke.

Firing order affects the vibration, sound and evenness of power output from the engine and heavily influences crankshaft design.

Engine balance
Engine balance refers to how the inertial forces produced by moving parts in an internal combustion engine or steam engine are neutralised with counterweights and balance shafts, to prevent unpleasant and potentially damaging vibration. The strongest inertial forces occur at crankshaft speed (first-order forces) and balance is mandatory, while forces at twice crankshaft speed (second-order forces) can become significant in some cases.
2004 Dhaka grenade attack
The 2004 Dhaka grenade attack took place at an anti-terrorism rally organised by Awami League on Bangabandhu Avenue (now Shaheed Abrar Fahad Avenue) on 21 August 2004. The attack left 24 dead and more than 500 injured. The attack was carried out at 5:22 PM after Sheikh Hasina, the then leader of opposition had finished addressing a crowd of 20,000 people from the back of a truck used as the stage. Hasina also sustained some injuries in the attack.

Lutfozzaman Babar
Lutfozzaman Babar (Bengali: লুৎফুজ্জামান বাবর, born 10 October 1958) is a Bangladeshi politician and member of BNP who served as the Home Minister of Bangladesh from 2001 to 2006.

Babar was the youngest member in the cabinet of BNP-Jamaat led coalition government, and received media and public attraction alike due to his alternative clothing style, spike-cut hair, and various quips. He was also among the pioneers in forming the Rapid Action Battalion, an elite force widely criticized for extra-judicial killings. Throughout his tenure as a politician, Babar was accused of being involved in various controversies.
Chlorine trifluoride
Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF3. It is a colorless, poisonous, corrosive, and extremely reactive gas that condenses to a pale-greenish yellow liquid, the form in which it is most often sold (pressurized at room temperature). It is notable for its extreme oxidation properties. The compound is primarily of interest in plasmaless cleaning and etching operations in the semiconductor industry, in nuclear reactor fuel processing, historically as a component in rocket fuels, and various other industrial operations owing to its corrosive nature.

Iodine pentafluoride
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is one of the fluorides of iodine.  It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a fluorination reagent and even a solvent in specialized syntheses.
Busby, New South Wales
Busby is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Busby is located 37 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool. Neighbouring suburbs include Miller, Heckenberg, Hinchinbrook, Green Valley and Bonnyrigg.

Hinchinbrook, New South Wales
Hinchinbrook is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Hinchinbrook is located 35 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool. It is bordered by Hoxton Park and Green Valley.

The main shopping precinct features the Valley Plaza. Schools include Hoxton Park High School, Hinchinbrook Public School, Good Samaritan Catholic College and James Busby High School.

It is also homes to various clubs, such as the Uruguyan Social Sporting Club. Population has boomed as a result of new housing developments. New facilities have been developed to cater for the area, most notably the M7 Motorway.
Han conquest of Nanyue
The Han conquest of Nanyue was a military conflict between the Han Empire and the Nanyue kingdom in modern Guangdong, Guangxi, and Northern Vietnam. During the reign of Emperor Wu, Imperial Han military forces formally launched a punitive campaign against Nanyue and successfully conquered it in 111 BC.

Han conquest of Dian
The Han conquest of Dian was a series of military campaigns and expeditions by the Western Han dynasty recorded in contemporary textual sources against the Dian Kingdom in modern-day Yunnan. Dian was placed under Western Han rule in 109 BC, after Emperor Wu of Han dispatched an army against the kingdom as the empire expanded southward.
Raaj Kumar
Raaj Kumar (born Kulbhushan Pandit; 8 October 1926 – 3 July 1996) was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi films. In a career that spanned over four decades, he went on to star in 70 films and is regarded as one of the most successful actors of Indian cinema.

Raj Babbar
Raj Babbar (born 23 June 1952) is an Indian Hindi and Punjabi film actor and politician belonging to Indian National Congress. He is a three-time member of the Lok Sabha and a two-time member of the Rajya Sabha. He was the state President of Uttar Pradesh Congress Committee.
Royal Liverpool Philharmonic
Royal Liverpool Philharmonic is a music organisation based in Liverpool, England, that manages a professional symphony orchestra, a concert venue, and extensive programmes of learning through music. Its orchestra, the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, is the UK's oldest continuing professional symphony orchestra. In addition to the orchestra, the organisation administers the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Choir, the Liverpool Philharmonic Youth Company and other choirs and ensembles.  It is involved in educational and community projects in Liverpool and its surrounding region.  It is based in the Liverpool Philharmonic Hall, an Art Deco concert hall built in the late 1930s.

Carl Davis
Carl Davis (October 28, 1936 – August 3, 2023) was an American-born British conductor and composer. He wrote music for more than 100 television programmes, notably the landmark ITV series The World at War (1973) and BBC's Pride and Prejudice (1995), and he created new scores for concert and cinema performances of vintage silent movies and composed many film, ballet and concert scores that were performed worldwide, including the Liverpool Oratorio in 1991, in collaboration with Paul McCartney. Davis's publisher was Faber Music.
Cochrane, Ontario
Cochrane is a town in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located east of Kapuskasing, northeast of Timmins, south of Moosonee, and north of Iroquois Falls. It is about a one-hour drive from Timmins and Kapuskasing, the other two major population centres of the region. It is the seat of Cochrane District. The town's population is made up of about half anglophone and half francophone residents.

Cobalt, Ontario
Cobalt is a town in Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada.  It had a population of 989 at the 2021 census.

In the early 1900s, the area was heavily mined for silver; the silver ore also contained cobalt. By 1910, the community was the fourth highest producer of silver in the world. Mining declined significantly by the 1930s, together with the local population. In late 2017 one publication referred to Cobalt as a ghost town, but the high demand for cobalt, used in making batteries for mobile devices and electric vehicles, is leading to great interest in the area among mining companies.
Princeton, Kentucky
Princeton is a home rule-class city in Caldwell County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. As of the 2020 census, Princeton had a population of 6,270. Princeton is home to several notable attractions such as Adsmore Museum, Champion-Shepherdson House (home of the Princeton Art Guild), University of Kentucky Research and Education Center Botanical Garden, and the Annual Black Patch Festival.

U.S. Route 62 in Kentucky
U.S. Route 62 (US 62) in Kentucky runs for a total of 391.207 miles (629.587 km) across 20 counties in western, north-central, and northeastern Kentucky. It enters the state by crossing the Ohio River near Wickliffe, then begins heading eastward at Bardwell, and traversing several cities and towns across the state up to Maysville, where it crosses the Ohio River a second time to enter the state of Ohio.
Playwright
A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between characters and is intended for theatrical performance rather than just
reading. Ben Jonson coined the term playwright and is the first person in English literature to refer to playwrights as separate from poets.

The earliest playwrights in Western literature with surviving works are the Ancient Greeks. William Shakespeare is amongst the most famous playwrights in literature, both in England and across the world.

Stage management
Stage management is a broad field that is generally defined as the practice of organization and coordination of an event or theatrical production. Stage management may encompass a variety of activities including overseeing of the rehearsal process and coordinating communications among various production teams and personnel. Stage management requires a general understanding of all aspects of production and provides complete organization to ensure the process runs smoothly and efficiently.

A stage manager is an individual who has overall responsibility for stage management and the smooth execution of a theatrical production. Stage management may be performed by an individual in small productions, while larger productions typically employ a stage management team consisting of a head stage manager, or production stage manager, and one or more assistant stage managers.
Berwyn, Illinois
Berwyn (/ˈbɜːrwɪn/) is a suburban city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is coterminous with Berwyn Township, which was formed in 1908 after breaking off from Cicero Township. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 57,250. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.

River Forest, Illinois
River Forest is a suburban village adjacent to Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 11,717. Two universities make their home in River Forest, Dominican University and Concordia University Chicago. The village is closely tied to the larger neighboring community of Oak Park. There are significant architectural designs located in River Forest such as the Winslow House by Frank Lloyd Wright. River Forest has a railroad station with service to Chicago on Metra's Union Pacific West Line.
Comte de Lautréamont
Comte de Lautréamont (/loʊtreɪəˈmɒn/; French: [lotʁeamɔ̃]) was the nom de plume of Isidore Lucien Ducasse ([dykas]; 4 April 1846 – 24 November 1870), a French poet, born in Uruguay. His only works, Les Chants de Maldoror and Poésies, had a major influence on modern arts and literature, particularly on the Surrealists and the Situationists. Ducasse died at the age of 24.

Jules Laforgue
Jules Laforgue (French: [ʒyl lafɔʁɡ]; 16 August 1860 – 20 August 1887) was a Franco-Uruguayan poet, often referred to as a Symbolist poet. Critics and commentators have also pointed to Impressionism as a direct influence and his poetry has been called "part-symbolist, part-impressionist". Laforgue was a model for Pierre-Auguste Renoir, including for Renoir's 1881 painting Luncheon of the Boating Party.