hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glycerol
Glycerol (/ˈɡlɪsərɒl/) is a sugar alcohol with chemical formula C3H5(OH)3. It has three carbon atoms and as many hydroxyl groups. It is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, viscous liquid at Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP). Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature.

The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides, where one or more of the hydroxyl groups are esterified with fatty acids. The most abundant of glycerides are triglycerides (found in animal fats and vegetable oils), the form in which glycerol is most commonly found in nature. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations.

Modern use of the word glycerine (alternatively spelled glycerin) refers to commercial preparations of less than 100% purity, typically 95% glycerol.

Potassium permanganate
Potassium permanganate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KMnO4. It is a purplish-black crystalline salt, which dissolves in water as K+ and MnO−4 ions to give an intensely pink to purple solution.

Potassium permanganate is widely used in the chemical industry and laboratories as a strong oxidizing agent, and also traditionally as a medication for dermatitis, for cleaning wounds, and general disinfection. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It has a great variety of niche uses such as biocide for water treatment purposes and for tanning and dyeing cloth. In 2000, worldwide production was estimated at 30,000 tons.

It is also referred to as chameleon mineral, Condy's crystals, permanganate of potash, hypermangan, purple potion powder, permanganic acid (potassium salt), and purple salt.
Stearyl alcohol
Stearyl alcohol, or 1-octadecanol, is an organic compound classified as a saturated fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)16CH2OH. It takes the form of white granules or flakes, which are insoluble in water. It has a wide range of uses as an ingredient in lubricants, resins, perfumes, and cosmetics. It is used as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickener in ointments, and is widely used as a hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners. Stearyl heptanoate, the ester of stearyl alcohol and heptanoic acid (enanthic acid), is found in most cosmetic eyeliners. Stearyl alcohol has also found application as an evaporation suppressing monolayer when applied to the surface of water.

Stearyl alcohol is prepared from stearic acid or certain fats by the process of catalytic hydrogenation.  It has low toxicity.

Cetyl alcohol
Cetyl alcohol /ˈsiːtəl/, also known as hexadecan-1-ol and palmityl alcohol, is a C-16 fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)15OH. At room temperature, cetyl alcohol takes the form of a waxy white solid or flakes. The name cetyl refers to whale oil (cetacea oil, from Latin: cetus, lit. 'whale', from Ancient Greek: κῆτος, romanized: kētos, lit. 'huge fish') from which it was first isolated.
2010 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
The 2010 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the 62nd F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season. The season consisted out of 18 races for the MotoGP class and 17 for the 125cc and Moto2 classes, beginning with the Qatar motorcycle Grand Prix on 11 April 2010 and ending with the Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix on 7 November. It was the first season for the new Moto2 class.

Shoya Tomizawa
Shoya Tomizawa (富沢 祥也, Tomizawa Shōya) (10 December 1990 – 5 September 2010) was a Japanese motorcycle racer. After a successful career in the All Japan Road Race Championship, he switched to MotoGP and competed in the 250cc class during 2009. In the 2010 season, he rode in the newly created Moto2 class. Tomizawa won the first race of the new class, at Losail in Qatar, winning by nearly five seconds from Alex Debón and Jules Cluzel. Tomizawa died after sustaining cranial, thoracic and abdominal trauma at the San Marino Grand Prix.
Henry Paul (rugby)
Henry Rangi Paul (born 10 February 1974) is a rugby union coach and former rugby league and rugby union player. A dual-code international, Paul won 24 caps for New Zealand in rugby league and 6 for England in rugby union, as well as rugby sevens. Paul played as a loose forward, stand-off, fullback, and occasionally as a hooker, and as a centre and fly-half in rugby union.

He holds the record for kicking the most goals in a Super League season, with 178 for Bradford in 2001, and the record for the most goals in a game, 14, for Bradford in 2000. He is the brother of former New Zealand rugby league international Robbie Hunter-Paul.

Tony Tatupu
Kuripitone "Tony" Tatupu is a former professional rugby league footballer. He played as a centre and in the second-row and represented both New Zealand and Western Samoa. Tatupu is the uncle of the rugby league footballer; Matthew Wright.
Ukraine men's national ice hockey team
The Ukrainian national ice hockey team (Ukrainian: Збірна України з хокею з шайбою) is the national men's ice hockey team of Ukraine, and is controlled by the Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine, and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Ukraine is currently ranked 27th in the world by the IIHF as of the 2020 IIHF World Ranking, while their highest IIHF ranking is 11th. As part of the Soviet Union, Ukraine played internationally from 1954 to 1991, and made their international debut as an independent country in 1992.

Ukraine has played at the Winter Olympics once, in 2002. The team's top finish was at the 2002 World Championships when they finished in ninth place. Following the 2007 World Championship, Ukraine was relegated to Division I.

Italy men's national ice hockey team
The Italian men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Italy, and is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio (FISG), a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.
Then Came Bronson
Then Came Bronson is an American adventure/drama television series starring Michael Parks that aired on NBC. It was created by Denne Bart Petitclerc, and produced by MGM Television. Then Came Bronson began with a television film pilot that aired on NBC on March 24, 1969; the pilot was also released in Europe as a theatrical feature film. This was followed by a single season of 26 episodes airing between September 17, 1969, and April 1, 1970.

Medical Center (TV series)
Medical Center is an American medical drama television series that aired on CBS for seven seasons from September 24, 1969, to March 15, 1976. After the final first-run telecast on CBS in March 1976, the series went into reruns from March 22 to September 6, 1976. It was produced by MGM Television.
Stewart Brand
Stewart Brand (born December 14, 1938) is an American project developer and writer, best known as the co-founder and editor of the Whole Earth Catalog. Other organizatons he has founded include the WELL, the Global Business Network, and the Long Now Foundation. He is the author of several books, most recently Whole Earth Discipline: An Ecopragmatist Manifesto and Maintenance: Of Everything.

Robert Stone (director)
Robert Stone is a British-American documentary filmmaker. His work has been screened at dozens of film festivals and televised around the world, notably seven of his films have appeared on PBS's American Experience series and four of his films have premiered at the Sundance Film Festival  (including Closing Night Film in 2009). His most recent film, Starman, had its world premiere at the 2025 SXSW Film Festival. He is an Oscar nominee for Best Feature Documentary and a three-time Emmy nominee for Exceptional Merit in Documentary Filmmaking.
Thomas Willing
Thomas Willing (December 19, 1731 – January 19, 1821) was an American merchant, politician, and slave trader. He served as mayor of Philadelphia and as a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress. He was also the first president of the Bank of North America and later of the First Bank of the United States.

During his career, Willing accumulated considerable wealth, and some accounts have described him as the richest man in America around 1800.

Ann Willing Bingham
Ann (or Anne) Willing Bingham (August 1, 1764 – May 11, 1801) was an American socialite from Philadelphia. During the federal government’s residency there, she presided over salon-like dinners and entertainments comparable to those of Madame Roland in France and Lady Holland in England.
Psel (river)
The  Psel or Psyol (Ukrainian: Псел; Russian: Псёл) is a river, a left tributary of the Dnieper, which  flows through Russia and Ukraine.

The Psel has a length of 717 kilometres (446 mi) and a drainage basin of 22,800 square kilometres (8,800 sq mi). The river's right bank is high and steep, unlike the low, left bank. Its periods of freezing range from December until the end of February to the beginning of April.

Myrhorod Raion
Myrhorod Raion (Ukrainian: Миргородський район; translit.: Myrhorods'kyi raion) is a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast of central Ukraine. The raion's administrative center is the city of Myrhorod. Population:198,076 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Poltava Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Myrhorod Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 29,743 (2020 est.).
Galina Smirnova
Galina Alexandrovna Smirnova (Russian: Гали́на Алекса́ндровна Смирно́ва; 17 February 1929 – 12 December 2015) was a Soviet and Russian painter who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg.

She was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her portraits of contemporaries.

Andrei Mylnikov
Andrei Andreevich Mylnikov (Russian: Андре́й Андре́евич Мы́льников) (22 February 1919 in Pokrovsk, Saratov Governorate – 16 May 2012 in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian and Soviet painter and art educator, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, Stalin Prize winner, and Lenin Prize winner, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg. He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (former Leningrad Union of Artists), and professor of painting of the Repin Institute of Arts, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Soviet art, who played an important role in the formation of the Leningrad school of painting.
Pamidronic acid
Pamidronic acid or pamidronate disodium or APD (marketed as Aredia among others), is a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate used to prevent osteoporosis.

It was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in 1987.

Risedronic acid
Risedronic acid, often used as its sodium salt risedronate sodium, is a bisphosphonate. It slows down the cells which break down bone. It's used to treat or prevent osteoporosis, and treat Paget's disease of bone. It is taken by mouth.

It was patented in 1984 and approved for medical use in 1998.
Battle of Fort Stevens
The Battle of Fort Stevens was an American Civil War battle fought July 11–12, 1864, in Washington County, D.C. in present-day Northwest Washington, D.C., during the Valley campaigns of 1864 between forces under Confederate Lieutenant General Jubal Early and Union Major General Alexander McDowell McCook.

Early's attack, less than 4 miles (6.4 km) from the White House, caused consternation in the U.S. government, but reinforcements under Maj. Gen. Horatio G. Wright and the strong defenses of Fort Stevens minimized the threat. Early withdrew after two days of skirmishing after attempting no serious assaults. Then U.S. President Abraham Lincoln personally observed the battle's fighting.

Battle of Fisher's Hill
The Battle of Fisher's Hill was fought September 21–22, 1864, near Strasburg, Virginia, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War. Despite its strong defensive position, the Confederate army of Lt. Gen. Jubal Early was defeated by the Union Army of the Shenandoah, commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan.
Legio II Adiutrix
Legio II Adiutrix ("Second Legion, the Rescuer") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79), originally composed of Roman navy marines of the classis Ravennatis. There are still records of II Adiutrix in the Rhine border in the beginning of the 4th century. The legion's symbols were a Capricorn and Pegasus.

Legio X Gemina
Legio X Gemina ("10th Twin(s) Legion" in English), was a Roman legion, which was active during the late Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire as part of the Imperial Roman army. It was one of the four legions used by Julius Caesar in 58 BC, during the Roman invasion of Gaul. After being briefly disbanded, the legion was reconstituted by Augustus (also known as Octavian) and fought on the side of the Second Triumvirate during the Liberators' Civil War and later on the side of Augustus during the War of Actium which ended the Crisis of the Roman Republic. The legion remained active for centuries, with surviving records of its continued existence in Vienna as late as the 5th century AD. The legion's symbol was a bull. Early on in its history, the legion was called X Equestris (mounted), because Caesar once used the legionaries as cavalry.
Fort Lauderdale Strikers (2006–2016)
The Fort Lauderdale Strikers were an American professional soccer team based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida founded in 2006, that last played in the North American Soccer League (NASL), the second tier of the American soccer pyramid in 2016. The majority of their home games were played in Lockhart Stadium. The Strikers were named after the original Strikers, who played in the old North American Soccer League from 1977 to 1983.

The team was known as Miami FC from 2006 until 2011 before re-branding as the Strikers in 2011. They had an in-state rivalry with the Tampa Bay Rowdies.

Portland Timbers (2001–2010)
The Portland Timbers were an American professional soccer team based in Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 2001, the team played in various leagues at the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, including the USL First Division and the USSF Division 2 Professional League, until the end of the 2010 season.

On March 20, 2009, Major League Soccer commissioner Don Garber announced an expansion team had been granted to the Portland area and would retain the Timbers name. The new team began play in MLS in 2011.

The team played its home games at what was then known as PGE Park (now known as Providence Park, the home of the current MLS team). The team's colors are green and white. The team also had a development team, Portland Timbers U23s, which won the Premier Development League championship in 2010 and is currently affiliated with the MLS team.
Alice, Texas
Alice is a city in and the county seat of Jim Wells County, Texas, United States, in the South Texas region of the state. As of the 2020 census, Alice had a population of 17,891. Alice was established in 1888. The city was originally named "Bandana", then "Kleberg", and finally "Alice" after Alice Gertrudis King Kleberg, the daughter of Richard King, who established the King Ranch.

Victoria, Texas
Victoria is a city in and the county seat of Victoria County, Texas, United States. The population was 65,534 as of the 2020 census. The three counties of the Victoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 111,163 as of the 2000 census. Its elevation is 95 ft (29 m).

Victoria is located 30 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico. It is a two-hour drive from Corpus Christi, Houston, San Antonio, and Austin.

The city is named for General Guadalupe Victoria, who became the first president of independent Mexico.  It is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Texas.
Dawro people
The Dawro are a people of south-western Ethiopia, also known as the Omete or Kullo. They speak the Dawragna language.

During the nineteenth century, the Dawro lived in an independent state known as the Kingdom of Dawro. In 2000, the Dawro Zone was split off from the former Semien Omo Zone in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region. It consists of the woredas of Isara Tocha, Loma Bosa, and Mareka Gena.

Konta people
Konta people are an Omotic-speaking ethnic group indigenous to southwestern Ethiopia. According to 2007 census there are 83,607 Konta people, which makes up 0.11% of Ethiopia's total population. The population is distributed through south of Jimma and Gojeb River. Since the dissolution of North Omo Zone in 2000 most Konta live in Konta special woreda in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, where they make up around 85% of the total population. Konta language is the ancestral language of the Konta people, closely related to or a dialect of Dawro / Kullo. Most Konta adhere to Protestantism or Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. Konta economy is based on agriculture and people cultivate ensete, sweet potatoes, taro, beans, teff and maize.
Ian Eagle
Ian Eagle (/ˈaɪ.ən/ EYE-ən; born February 9, 1969) is an American sports announcer. He calls NFL and college basketball games on CBS, as well as NBA games on Prime Video and Brooklyn Nets games on the YES Network, for which he has been the voice since 1995. Since 2024, Eagle has been the lead announcer of the NCAA Tournament on CBS and TNT Sports. Other announcing experiences include Army–Navy football games, boxing, and NCAA track and field for CBS.

Tom McCarthy (sportscaster)
Tom McCarthy (born July 5, 1968) is an American sports broadcaster. He is the television play-by-play announcer for Philadelphia Phillies television broadcasts and also calls National Football League games on radio for Westwood One. He calls select NFL, NBA and college basketball games on CBS as well. McCarthy previously served as the play-by-play voice of Saint Joseph's University men's and women's basketball teams.

Tom McCarthy filled in for select weeks of the 2025 regular season for the MLB on TBS.
Missouri Valley Conference
The Missouri Valley Conference (also called MVC or simply "The Valley") is the fourth-oldest collegiate athletic conference in the United States. The conference's members are primarily located in the Midwest though with substantial extension into the South in states like Kentucky, Tennessee, and Arkansas, along with one affiliate university in Massachusetts.

2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 25, 2020, and concluded on March 14, 2021. The 2021 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament culminated the season and began on March 18 and concluded on April 5.
Miss Universe 2010
Miss Universe 2010 was the 59th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, on August 23, 2010.

At the end of the event, Stefanía Fernández of Venezuela crowned Ximena Navarrete of Mexico as Miss Universe 2010. It was Mexico's second victory after their victory in 1991.

Contestants from eighty-three countries and territories participated in this year's pageant. The pageant was hosted by Bret Michaels and Natalie Morales. John Legend, The Roots, and Cirque du Soleil performed in this year's pageant.

Binibining Pilipinas 2010
Binibining Pilipinas 2010 was the 47th edition Binibining Pilipinas. It took place at the Smart Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines on March 6, 2010.

At the end of the event, Bianca Manalo crowned Venus Raj as Binibining Pilipinas Universe 2010, Marie-Ann Umali crowned Czarina Gatbonton as Binibining Pilipinas World 2010, and Melody Adelheid Gersbach crowned Krista Kleiner as Binibining Pilipinas International 2010. Dianne Necio was named 1st Runner-Up and Helen Nicolette Henson was named 2nd Runner-Up.

This is also the last year of the Miss World Philippines title to be under Binibining Pilipinas after the franchise of Miss World Philippines was transferred to the Miss World Philippines Organization.
Howard Keel
Harold Clifford Keel (April 13, 1919 – November 7, 2004), professionally Howard Keel, was an American actor and singer known for his rich bass-baritone singing voice. He starred in a number of MGM musicals in the 1950s, including Show Boat (1951). He played the role of oil baron Clayton Farlow in the television series Dallas from 1981 to 1991.

Cyd Charisse
Cyd Charisse (born Tula Ellice Finklea; March 8, 1922 – June 17, 2008) was an American dancer and actress.

After recovering from polio as a child and studying ballet, Charisse entered films in the 1940s. Her roles usually featured her abilities as a dancer, and she was often paired with Fred Astaire or Gene Kelly. Her films included Singin' in the Rain (1952), The Band Wagon (1953), Brigadoon (1954), and Silk Stockings (1957). She stopped dancing in films in the late 1950s but continued acting in film and television, and in 1991 she made her Broadway debut. In her later years she discussed the history of the Hollywood musical in documentaries and was featured in That's Entertainment! III in 1994. She was awarded the National Medal of the Arts and Humanities in 2006.
Yury of Moscow
Yury (Georgy) Danilovich (Russian: Юрий (Георгий) Данилович; 1281 – 21 November 1325) was Prince of Moscow from 1303 to 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1318 to 1322. He contested the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir with his uncle Mikhail of Tver. As Yury's father had never held the title, he had no legitimate claim. Despite two failed campaigns by Mikhail to subdue Yury, the latter allied with the Golden Horde and married the khan's sister Konchaka. However, he never had any children with her and was made grand prince after Mikhail's execution in 1318.

Yury III faced resistance and difficulties in collecting tribute for the Horde, prompting several punitive expeditions. In 1322, Mikhail's son Dmitry of Tver accused him of embezzlement and obtained the grand princely title. Dmitry also succeeded in killing Yury. Before his death, Yury led a campaign against the Swedes and founded a fort at the Neva River.

Principality of Tver
The Principality of Tver (Russian: Тверское княжество, romanized: Tverskoye knyazhestvo) was a Russian principality which existed between the 13th and the 15th centuries with its capital in Tver. The principality was located approximately in the area currently occupied by Tver Oblast and the eastern part of Smolensk Oblast.

It was one of the states established after the fall of Kievan Rus'. Originally part of the Pereyaslavl-Zalessky principality, Tver became an independent principality when Yaroslav Yaroslavich was given the western slice of his father's patrimony. During the 14th century, Tver rivaled the Principality of Moscow with the aim to become the center of the unified Russian state. Eventually it lost, decayed, and in 1485, it was annexed by Moscow.
Frederic Remington
Frederic Sackrider Remington (October 4, 1861 – December 26, 1909) was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor, and writer who specialized in the genre of Western American Art. His works are known for depicting the Western United States in the last quarter of the 19th century and featuring such images as cowboys, Native Americans, and the US Cavalry.

George Bellows
George Wesley Bellows (August 12 or August 19, 1882 – January 8, 1925) was an American realist painter, known for his bold depictions of urban life in New York City. He became, according to the Columbus Museum of Art, "the most acclaimed American artist of his generation".