hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philippine Liberation Medal
The Philippine Liberation Medal is a military award of the Republic of the Philippines which was created by an order of Commonwealth Army of the Philippines Headquarters on December 20, 1944, and was issued as the Philippine Liberation Ribbon. The decoration was presented to any service member, of both Philippine Commonwealth and allied militaries, who participated in the liberation of the Philippine Islands between October 17, 1944, and September 2, 1945. A full-sized medal was authorized and added on July 22, 1945.

The Philippine Liberation Medal is intended to recognize military service during the last eleven months of World War II when the military of Japan was driven from the Philippines before their surrender in September 1945.

Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation
The Philippine Presidential Unit citation Badge is a unit decoration of the Republic of the Philippines. It has been awarded to certain units of the United States military and the Philippine Commonwealth military for actions both during and subsequent to the Second World War.
Last-minute goal
The term "last-minute goal" is used in sport, primarily association football, to describe a goal scored very late in a game, usually one that affects the outcome of the game. The definition of a "last-minute goal" commonly used is one scored either in the final or penultimate minute of regulation time or extra time, or during stoppage time or injury time.

Last-minute goals are often noteworthy if it allows the scoring team to either take the lead or to equalise.

The "golden goal", briefly used to decide extra time in some tournaments, is not usually considered a last-minute goal, unless they were scored late into extra time. Penalties scored in a shootout are not considered last-minute goals.

Header (association football)
A header is a technique that is used in association football to control the ball using the head to pass, shoot, or clear. This can be done from a standing, jumping, or diving position. Heading is a common technique and is used by players in practically every match. Although a useful technique in football, heading carries significant health risks, particularly to the brain, and governing bodies have taken measures to address these risks.
Kanha Tiger Reserve
Kanha Tiger Reserve, also known as Kanha–Kisli National Park, is one of the tiger reserves of India and the largest national park of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It covers  an area of 940 km2 (360 sq mi) in the two districts Mandla and Balaghat.
The park hosts Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, sloth bear, barasingha and dhole. It is also the first tiger reserve in India to officially introduce a mascot, Bhoorsingh the Barasingha.

Melghat
Melghat was among the first nine tiger reserves of India to be notified in 1973 under Project Tiger. It is located in the northern part of Amravati District of Maharashtra. Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as in 1985. The total area of the reserve is 2,768 square kilometres.
Newsarama
Newsarama is an American website that publishes news, interviews, and essays about the American comic book industry. It is owned by Future US. In June 2020, Newsarama was merged with the website GamesRadar+, also owned by Future US.

ComicsVerse
ComicsVerse was a comics journalism website covering comics news, reviews, analysis, and interviews with artists and writers. In addition to original written content, the site produced podcasts, videos, original webcomics, and covers news related to politics, gaming, movies, television, and music.

ComicsVerse used comics to address social issues including minority representation in popular culture and politics. The website was minority owned and operated and had 78% women in upper management positions.

No new content has been published since May 2020.
Forma Urbis Romae
The  Forma Urbis Romae  or Severan Marble Plan is a massive marble map of ancient Rome, created under the emperor Septimius Severus between AD 203 and 211. Matteo Cadario gives specific years of 205–208, noting that the map was based on property records.

Rodolfo Lanciani
Rodolfo Amedeo Lanciani (1 January 1845 – 22 May 1929) was an Italian archaeologist, a pioneering student of  ancient Roman topography. Among his many excavations was that of the House of the Vestals in the Roman Forum.

Lanciani earned LL.D. degrees from Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Harvard and a Ph.D. degree from Würzburg.
Elmendorf, Texas
Elmendorf is a city located in Bexar County and Wilson County, Texas, United States. It is part of the San Antonio—New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area. Its population was 1,862 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1885, and named after Henry Elmendorf, a former mayor of San Antonio, and a German-Texan. For a long time, the biggest employer was Star Clay Products.

U.S. Route 181
U.S. Highway 181 is a south–north U.S. Highway located entirely in the state of Texas. Both termini are at Interstate 37 (I-37), the road that it mainly parallels to the east. Its southern terminus is at I-37 in Corpus Christi near the Gulf of Mexico. Its northern terminus is at I-37 on the south side of San Antonio; prior to the Interstate era, US 181 traveled into Downtown San Antonio along Presa Street to an intersection with its parent route, US 81, which then ran along Alamo Street.
Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.

Districts of Lesotho
The Kingdom of Lesotho is divided into ten districts, each headed by a district administrator. Each district has a capital known as a camptown. The districts are further subdivided into 80 constituencies, which consist of 129 local community councils. Most of the districts are named after their capitals. Hlotse, the capital of Leribe District is also known as Leribe. Paballo L. Mokoena was born in this town. Conversely, the Berea District is sometimes called Teyateyaneng, based on its capital.
Paul Lim
Paul Lim Leong Hwa (born 25 January 1954) is a Singaporean professional darts player who competes in World Darts Federation (WDF) and Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. Nicknamed "the Singapore Slinger", Lim was the first player to hit a nine-dart finish during the BDO World Darts Championship, which he achieved in 1990 during his second round match against Jack McKenna. He is also the oldest player to have played and won at a PDC World Championship, having played in the 2026 PDC World Darts Championship aged 71, and defeated Jeffrey de Graaf in round one on 13 December 2025.

He was the runner-up at the 2024 WDF Lakeside World Championship.

Lourence Ilagan
Lourence Gregorio Ilagan (born 11 February 1978) is a Filipino professional soft-tip and steel-tip darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) and international soft-tip events. He is a two-time back-to-back PDC Asian Champion, winning the event in both 2024 and 2025. Ilagan has won 15 PDC Asian Tour titles.

Ilagan also reached the semi-finals of the 2009 BDO World Masters and has represented the Philippines at both the WDF Asia-Pacific Cup and the PDC World Cup of Darts.
Operation Kutuzov
Operation Kutuzov was the first of the two counteroffensives launched by the Red Army as part of the Kursk Strategic Offensive Operation. It commenced on 12 July 1943, in the Central Russian Upland,   against Army Group Center of the German Heer. The operation was named after General Mikhail Kutuzov, the Russian general credited with saving Russia from Napoleon during the French invasion of Russia in 1812. Operation Kutuzov was one of two large-scale Soviet operations launched as counteroffensives against Operation Citadel. The Operation began on 12 July and ended on 18 August 1943 with the capture of Orel and collapse of the Orel bulge.

70th Army (Soviet Union)
The 70th Army (Russian: 70-я армия) was a Soviet field army during World War II. It was the highest-numbered combined arms army to be formed by the Stavka during the war. It was active at the Battle of Kursk, the Lublin–Brest Offensive, and the Berlin Strategic Offensive, among other actions.
Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body, and that arises from cells originating in the endodermal, mesodermal or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis.

Carcinomas occur when the DNA of a cell is damaged or altered and the cell begins to grow uncontrollably and becomes malignant.

The word is derived from the Greek: καρκίνωμα, romanized: karkinoma, lit. 'sore, ulcer, cancer' (itself derived from karkinos meaning crab).

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Hodeidah
Hodeidah (Arabic: الْحُدَيْدَة, romanized: al-ḥudayda), also transliterated as Hodeda, Hodeida, Hudaida or al-Hudaydah, is the fourth-largest city in Yemen and its principal port on the Red Sea and it is the centre of Al Hudaydah Governorate. As of 2023, it had an estimated population of 735,000.

Galaxy Leader
Galaxy Leader is a roll-on/roll-off vehicle carrier built in 2002 at Stocznia Gdynia in Gdynia, Poland. It was operated by the Japanese shipping company Nippon Yusen, and owned by Galaxy Maritime Ltd., which in turn is owned by Ray Car Carriers, Ltd., which is co-owned by Israeli businessman Abraham Ungar. In November 2023, the ship was hijacked by Houthis, who seized the ship and took its 25 crew members hostage in Yemen. The ship was struck by the Israeli Air Force in July 2025.
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.

Phycobilisome
Phycobilisomes are light-harvesting antennae that transmit the energy of harvested photons to photosystem II and photosystem I in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of red algae and glaucophytes.  They were lost during the evolution of the chloroplasts of green algae and plants.
Combat!
Combat! is an American television drama that originally aired on ABC from 1962 until 1967. The exclamation point in Combat! was depicted on-screen as a stylized bayonet.  The show covered the grim lives of a squad of American soldiers fighting the Germans in France during World War II. The first-season episode "A Day in June" shows D-Day as a flashback, hence the action occurs during and after June 1944. The program starred Rick Jason as platoon leader Second Lieutenant Gil Hanley and Vic Morrow as Sergeant "Chip" Saunders. Jason and Morrow would play the lead in alternating episodes in Combat!.

Straightaway (TV series)
Straightaway is an American adventure drama television series starring Brian Kelly and John Ashley which centers around two partners in an automobile workshop who design race cars. Original episodes aired from October 6, 1961, until April 4, 1962.
Giant Swing
The Giant Swing, also known as Sao Chingcha or Sao Ching Cha (Thai: เสาชิงช้า, RTGS: Sao Chingcha, pronounced [sǎw t͡ɕʰīŋ.t͡ɕʰáː] ⓘ), is a 21.15 m (69.4 ft)-tall, swing-shaped religious structure and a prominent landmark in the Sao Chingcha Subdistrict of Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok, Thailand. Located in front of Wat Suthat, it was formerly used in a traditional Brahmin ceremony and is now one of Bangkok's notable tourist attractions.

It also stands directly before the Devasathan ("Thewasathan Bot Phram," meaning "the abode of the gods"), the Royal Brahmin Office of the Thai royal court. The site is central to the Triyamphawai (Tripavai) ceremony, a sacred Thai Brahman ritual rooted in the recitation of Tamil devotional Tiruppavai hymns.

Rattanakosin Island
Rattanakosin Island (Thai: เกาะรัตนโกสินทร์, RTGS: Ko Rattanakosin, pronounced [kɔ̀ʔ rát.tā.ná(ʔ).kōː.sǐn]) is a historic area in the Phra Nakhon District in the city of Bangkok, Thailand. It is bordered by the Chao Phraya River to the west and various canals to the east that were dug to serve as moats for what was originally the fortified city center. Situated on the eastern convex bank of a meander in the Chao Phraya River, the island is the site of the Grand Palace and Bangkok's City Pillar Shrine, among other places of historical significance.
National Association of Independent Schools
The National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) is a U.S.-based membership organization for private, nonprofit, K-12 schools. Founded in 1962, NAIS represents independent schools and associations in the United States, including day, boarding, and day/boarding schools; elementary and secondary schools; boys', girls', and coeducational schools.  NAIS also has affiliate members internationally.

National Catholic Educational Association
The National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA) is a private, professional educational membership organization in the United States. It provides professional support and development for educators working in Catholic schools, universities, and religious education programs. According to the organization, NCEA includes more than 150,000 members involved in Catholic education across the country.
Ethnikos Achna FC
Ethnikos Achna Football Club (Greek: Αθλητικός Σύλλογος Εθνικός Άχνας), commonly known as Ethnikos Achna or simply Ethnikos, is a professional football club based in the village of Dasaki Achnas in Akrotiri and Dhekelia, on the island of Cyprus. Founded in 1968, the club currently plays in the Cypriot First Division. Ethnikos' home ground is the Dasaki Stadium, which has a capacity of 7000 seats.

Akritas Chlorakas
Akritas Chlorakas (Greek: Ακρίτας Χλώρακας) is a Cypriot professional football club based in Chloraka, Paphos. The club was founded in 1971 and currently plays in the Cypriot First Division. Akritas' colours are green and white, and they play their home games at the Chloraka Municipal Stadium. The club is owned by Lithuanian investor Liutauras Varanavičius.
Sterzing
Sterzing (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛrtsɪŋ]; Italian: Vipiteno [vipiˈtɛːno]) is a comune in South Tyrol in northern Italy. It is the main town of the southern Wipptal, and the Eisack River flows through the medieval town. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Sarntal
Sarntal (German: [ˈsarntaːl]; Italian: Sarentino [sarenˈtiːno]) is a valley and a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of the city of Bolzano. The municipality comprises several towns and villages. The largest one, seat of the mayor and council, is Sarnthein.
Northern line (Merseyrail)
The Northern line is one of two commuter rail routes operated by Merseyrail  and centred on Merseyside, England, the other being the Wirral line. The cross-city route runs from Hunts Cross in south Liverpool then (by way of an underground section through Liverpool's city centre) branches in the north to terminate at Southport, Headbolt Lane (both Merseyside) and Ormskirk (Lancashire).

Passenger interchange to the Wirral line is available at Moorfields and Liverpool Central, and to the separately-owned City line at Hunts Cross and Liverpool South Parkway. Liverpool South Parkway also allows interchange with regional and long-distance services, while connections to services operated by Northern Trains are possible at Headbolt Lane, Ormskirk and Southport.

Kirkdale, Liverpool
Kirkdale is a district of Liverpool, Merseyside, England, and a Liverpool City Council ward that covers both Kirkdale and Vauxhall. At the 2011 Census, the population was 16,115. Kirkdale is bordered by Bootle to the north, Walton and Everton to the east and Vauxhall to the south.
The Pale
The Pale (Irish: An Pháil) or the English Pale (An Pháil Shasanach or An Ghalltacht) was the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages. It had been reduced by the late 15th century to an area along the east coast stretching north from Dalkey, just south of Dublin, to the garrison town of Dundalk. The inland boundary went to Naas and Leixlip around the Earldom of Kildare, towards Trim and north towards Kells. In this district, many townlands have English or Norman-French names, the latter associated with Anglo-Norman influence in England.

James Eustace, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass
James FitzEustace of Harristown, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass
(1530–1585)
James FitzEustace, the eldest son of Rowland Eustace, 2nd Viscount Baltinglass and Joan, daughter of James Butler, 8th Baron Dunboyne.
Non-commissioned officer
A non-commissioned officer (NCO) is an enlisted leader, petty officer, or in some cases warrant officer, who does not hold a commission. Non-commissioned officers usually earn their position of authority by promotion through the enlisted ranks.

In contrast, commissioned officers usually enter directly from a military academy, officer training corps (OTC) or Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC), or officer candidate school (OCS) or officer training school (OTS), after receiving a post-secondary degree.

The NCO corps usually includes many grades of enlisted, corporal and sergeant; in some countries, warrant officers also carry out the duties of NCOs. The naval equivalent includes some or all grades of petty officer. There are different classes of non-commissioned officers, including junior (lower ranked) non-commissioned officers (JNCO) and senior/staff (higher ranked) non-commissioned officers (SNCO).

Stabsunteroffizier
Stabsunteroffizier is a military rank of the German Bundeswehr. It was preceded by the rank Unterfeldwebel that was used between 1935 and 1945 in the armed forces of Nazi Germany, the Wehrmacht. The East German National People's Army used the rank Unterfeldwebel from 1956 to 1990. In the Austrian Armed Forces Stabsunteroffizier is the collective name to all higher Non-commissioned officers.
Esporte Clube Novo Hamburgo
Esporte Clube Novo Hamburgo, commonly referred to as Novo Hamburgo, is a Brazilian football club based in Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul. It currently plays in Campeonato Gaúcho Série A, the first level of the Rio Grande do Sul state football league.

Novo Hamburgo plays home games at the Estádio do Vale, which has a maximum capacity of 5,196.

Ypiranga Futebol Clube
Ypiranga Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as Ypiranga de Erechim or Ypiranga, is a Brazilian professional football club based in Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul. Founded in 1924, it competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, the third tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Gaúcho, the top flight of the Rio Grande do Sul state football league.
FC Zhenis
FC Zhenis (Kazakh: Жеңіс футбол клубы) is a Kazakh professional football club based at the K. Munaitpasov Stadium in Astana. Founding members of the Kazakhstan Premier League, they were relegated to First Division for the first time in 2009 after being declared bankrupt. The club has won the national championship on three occasions.

FC Shakhter Karagandy
Football Club Shakhter (Kazakh: «Шахтер» футбол клубы / "Şahter" futbol kluby), commonly referred to as FC Shakhter Karagandy (Kazakh: Қарағанды / Qarağandy [qɑrɑˈʁɑndə] ⓘ), is a professional football club based in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. They had been members of the Kazakhstan Premier League since its foundation in 1992, but were relegated to the first division in 2024. They have won the championship twice.
SS Ohio
SS Ohio was an oil tanker built for The Texas Company (later Texaco). The ship was launched on 20 April 1940 at the Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in Chester, Pennsylvania. The United Kingdom requisitioned it to re-supply the island fortress of Malta during the Second World War.

The tanker played a key role in Operation Pedestal, which was one of the fiercest and most heavily contested of the Malta convoys, in August 1942. Although Ohio reached Malta successfully, it was so badly damaged that it had to be effectively scuttled in order to offload its cargo, and never sailed again. The tanker is fondly remembered in Malta, where to this day it is considered the saviour of the beleaguered island.

Grand Harbour
The Grand Harbour (Maltese: il-Port il-Kbir; Italian: Porto Grande), also known as the Port of Valletta, is a natural harbour on the island of Malta. It has been substantially modified over the years with extensive docks (Malta Dockyard), wharves, and fortifications.
Delphinium
Delphinium is a genus of about 300 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. The genus was erected by Carl Linnaeus.

All members of the genus Delphinium are toxic to humans and livestock. The common name larkspur is shared between perennial Delphinium species and annual species of the genus Consolida. Molecular data show that Consolida, as well as another segregate genus, Aconitella, are both embedded in Delphinium.

The genus name Delphinium derives from the Ancient Greek word δελφίνιον (delphínion) which means "dolphin", a name used in De Materia Medica for some kind of larkspur. Pedanius Dioscorides said the plant got its name because of its dolphin-shaped flowers.

Gladiolus
Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).

It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural gladioli).

The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The center of diversity is in the Cape Floristic Region. The genera Acidanthera, Anomalesia, Homoglossum, and Oenostachys, formerly considered distinct, are now included in Gladiolus.
Rally Argentina
The Rally Argentina (Spanish: Rally de Argentina) is an Argentine rally competition that has been a round of the World Rally Championship, the Intercontinental Rally Challenge, the South American Rally Championship and the Argentine Rally Championship. It is held in the area around Villa Carlos Paz in Córdoba Province, on narrow gravel roads best known for their water-splashes.

Rally Japan
Rally Japan (ラリージャパン) is a rally competition held in Hokkaidō, Japan. The event made its debut in the FIA World Rally Championship during the 2004 season. From 2004 to 2007, the event was held on the twisty and narrow gravel roads of the Tokachi region near Obihiro. For the 2008 season, the event was moved to the region close to Sapporo, Hokkaidō's main city. Rally Japan was not held in 2009, but returned in 2010 for one year. Rally Japan was planned to return in 2020 to the new location of Nagoya, but was cancelled on August 19 due to COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. It was cancelled again in 2021, and returned as the last rally of the season in 2022.