hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afrikaans
Afrikaans is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia, and to a lesser extent Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and also Argentina, where a group in Sarmiento speaks a Patagonian dialect. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland (Hollandic dialect) spoken by the predominantly Dutch settlers and enslaved population of the Dutch Cape Colony, where in the 17th and 18th centuries it gradually developed characteristics that distinguish it from Dutch.

Although Afrikaans has adopted words from other languages, including German, Malay, and Khoisan languages, an estimated 90 to 95% of its vocabulary is of Dutch origin. Differences between Afrikaans and Dutch often lie in the more analytic morphology and grammar of Afrikaans, and different spellings. There is a large degree of mutual intelligibility between the two languages, especially in written form.

Oorlam people
The Oorlam or Orlam people (also known as Orlaam, Oorlammers, Oerlams, or Orlamse Hottentots) are a subtribe of the Nama people, largely assimilated after their migration from the Cape Colony (today, part of South Africa) to Namaqualand and Damaraland (now in Namibia).

Oorlam clans were originally formed from mixed-race descendants of indigenous Khoikhoi, Europeans and slaves from Mozambique, Madagascar, India and Indonesia. 
Similar to the other Afrikaans-speaking group at the time, the Trekboers, Oorlam originally populated the frontiers of the infant Cape Colony, later living as semi-nomadic commandos of mounted gunmen. Also, like the Boers, they migrated inland from the Cape, and established several states in what are now South Africa and Namibia. The Oorlam migration in South Africa also produced the related Griqua people.
Serbs
The Serbs (/sɜːb/; Serbian: Срби, romanized: Srbi, pronounced [sr̩̂bi]) are a South Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history, and language. They primarily live in their nation-state of Serbia, and in neighboring Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and Kosovo, with smaller communities in North Macedonia, Romania, and Hungary. They also constitute a significant diaspora with communities across Europe, the Americas, and Oceania.

The Serbs are predominantly Eastern Orthodox Christians and speak Serbian language which is official in Serbia, co-official in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, and spoken by the plurality in Montenegro.

Osijek
Osijek (Croatian pronunciation: [ôsijeːk] ⓘ) is the largest city and the economic and cultural hub of the eastern Croatian region of Slavonia, as well as the administrative seat of Osijek-Baranja County. It is the fourth-largest city in Croatia, with a population of 96,313 recorded in the 2021 census. The city is situated on the southern bank of the Drava River, 25 km (16 mi) upstream from its confluence with the Danube, at an elevation of 94 m (308 ft). Osijek is located 16 km (10 mi) west of the Croatia–Serbia border.
Rhombic dodecahedron
In geometry, the rhombic dodecahedron is a convex polyhedron with 12 congruent rhombic faces. It has 24 edges, and 14 vertices of 2 types. As a Catalan solid, it is the dual polyhedron of the cuboctahedron. As a parallelohedron, the rhombic dodecahedron can be used to tesselate its copies in space creating a rhombic dodecahedral honeycomb. There are some variations of the rhombic dodecahedron, one of which is the Bilinski dodecahedron. There are some stellations of the rhombic dodecahedron, one of which is the Escher's solid. The rhombic dodecahedron may also appear in nature (such as in the garnet crystal), the architectural philosophies, practical usages, and toys.

Vertex (geometry)
In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes), also called a corner, is a point where two or more curves, lines, or line segments meet or intersect. For example, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the point where edges of polygons and polyhedra meet are vertices.
Colonel (United Kingdom)
Colonel (Col) is a rank of the British Army and Royal Marines, ranking below brigadier, and above lieutenant colonel. British colonels are not usually field commanders; typically they serve as staff officers between field commands at battalion and brigade level. The insignia is two diamond-shaped pips (properly called "Bath Stars") below a crown. The crown has varied in the past with different monarchs; Elizabeth II's reign used St Edward's Crown. The rank is equivalent to captain in the Royal Navy and group captain in the Royal Air Force.

Warwickshire Militia
The Warwickshire Militia was an auxiliary military force in the English Midlands county of Warwickshire. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1572 and their service during the Armada Crisis and in the English Civil War, the Militia of Warwickshire provided internal security and home defence during times of international tension and all of Britain's major wars, relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties and acting as a source of trained officers and men for the Regular Army. It later formed two battalions of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment that both served in the Second Boer War and prepared thousands of reinforcements for the fighting battalions of the regiment in World War I. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.
Order of Suvorov
The Order of Suvorov (Russian: орден Суворова, romanised: orden Suvorova) is a military decoration of the Russian Federation named in honour of Russian Generalissimo Prince Alexander Suvorov (1729–1800).

Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy"
The Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy" (Russian: Юбилейная медаль «30 лет Советской Армии и Флота») was a state military commemorative medal of the Soviet Union established on February 22, 1948 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union to denote the thirtieth anniversary of the creation of the Soviet Armed Forces.  Its statute was later amended by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 18, 1980.
Al Hoceima
Al Hoceima (Arabic: الحسيمة, romanized: al-Ḥusayma) is a city in the north of Morocco, on the northern edge of the Rif Mountains and on the Mediterranean coast. It is the capital city of the Al Hoceima Province. The city is a known tourist destination despite its small size. It has a population of about 50,225 (2024 census).

Al Hoceima is distinguished by its pristine sandy beaches such as Cala Iris, Bades, Quemado, and Tala Youssef, as well as its mountainous rocky terrain.

Tarifit
Tarifit (Tarifit: Tmaziɣt, ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ, pronounced [θmæzɪχt]; Arabic: الريفية, romanized: ar-rīfīyah), also known as Riffian,  is a Zenati Berber language spoken in the Rif region in northern Morocco. It is spoken natively by some 1,200,000 Riffians, comprising 3.2% of the population of Morocco, primarily in the Rif provinces of Nador, Al Hoceima and Driouch.
Trashigang District
27°15′N 91°40′E﻿ / ﻿27.250°N 91.667°E﻿ / 27.250; 91.667

Trashigang District (Dzongkha: བཀྲ་ཤིས་སྒང་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Bkra-shis-sgang rdzong-khag; also spelled "Tashigang") is Bhutan's easternmost dzongkhag (district).

Thimphu District
27°35′N 89°35′E﻿ / ﻿27.583°N 89.583°E﻿ / 27.583; 89.583

Thimphu District (Dzongkha: ཐིམ་ཕུ་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Thim-phu rdzong-khag) is a dzongkhag (district) of Bhutan. Thimphu is also the capital of Bhutan and the largest city in the whole kingdom.
Malcolm Campbell
Major Sir Malcolm Campbell MBE (11 March 1885 – 31 December 1948) was a British racing motorist and motoring journalist. He gained the world speed record on land and on water at various times, using vehicles called Blue Bird, including a 1921 Grand Prix Sunbeam. His son, Donald Campbell, carried on the family tradition by holding both land speed and water speed records.

Daytona Beach and Road Course
The Daytona Beach and Road Course was a motorsport race track that was instrumental in the formation of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR). It originally became famous as the location where 15 world land speed records were set.
Agostino Casaroli
Agostino Casaroli (24 November 1914 – 9 June 1998) was an Italian Catholic priest and diplomat for the Holy See, who became Cardinal Secretary of State. He was an important figure behind the Vatican's efforts to deal with the religious persecution of the Church in the nations of the Soviet bloc after the Second Vatican Council.

Secretariat of State (Holy See)
The Secretariat of State (Latin: Secretaria Status; Italian: Segreteria di Stato) is the oldest dicastery in the Roman Curia, the central papal governing bureaucracy of the Catholic Church. It is headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State and performs all the political and diplomatic functions of the Holy See. The Secretariat is divided into three sections: the Section for General Affairs, the Section for Relations with States, and, since 2017, the Section for Diplomatic Staff.
Manabo
Manabo, officially the Municipality of Manabo (Ilocano: Ili ti Manabo; Tagalog: Bayan ng Manabo), is a  municipality in the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 11,087 people.

Peñarrubia, Abra
Peñarrubia, officially the Municipality of Peñarrubia (Ilocano: Ili ti Peñarrubia; Tagalog: Bayan ng Peñarrubia), is a  municipality in the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 7,003 people.
Hungarian language
Hungarian, or Magyar (Magyar nyelv, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈɲɛlv] ⓘ), is a Ugric language of the Uralic language family spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighboring countries. It is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Outside Hungary, it is also spoken by Hungarian communities in southern Slovakia, western Ukraine (Transcarpathia), central and western Romania (Transylvania), northern Serbia (Vojvodina), northern Croatia, northeastern Slovenia (Prekmurje), and eastern Austria (Burgenland).

It is also spoken by Hungarian diaspora communities worldwide, especially in North America (particularly the United States and Canada) and Israel. With 14 million speakers, it is the Uralic family's most widely spoken language.

Bars County
Bars (Latin: comitatus Barsiensis, Hungarian: Bars, Slovak: Tekov, German: Barsch) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central and southern Slovakia. Today in Slovakia, Tekov is the informal designation of the corresponding territory.
Bryansk
Bryansk (Russian: Брянск, IPA: [brʲansk] Audio file "Ru-Bryansk.wav" not found) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna River, 379 kilometers (235 mi) southwest of Moscow. It has a population of 379,152 at the 2021 census.

Bryansk is one of the oldest cities in the oblast, with 985 regarded as the year of foundation. It was part of the Kievan Rus', Mongol Empire and Lithuania during the medieval period, then was contested by Moscow and Poland–Lithuania in the early modern period, before ultimately passing to Russia, within which it was a major regional trading center.

Oryol Oblast
Oryol Oblast (Russian: Орло́вская о́бласть, romanized: Orlovskaya oblastʹ), also known as Orlovshchina (Russian: Орловщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Oryol. Population: 713,374 (2021 census); 786,935 (2010 census);
Complement component 6
Complement component 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C6 gene.

Complement component 6 is a protein involved in the complement system. It is part of the membrane attack complex which can insert into the cell membrane and cause the cell to lyse.

People with C6 deficiency are prone to bacterial infection.

C8 complex
Complement component 8 is a protein involved in the complement system. It is part of the membrane attack complex (MAC).

A hereditary deficiency of C8 can result in increased susceptibility to Neisseria infections, such as meningitis and gonorrhea.
1908 Campeonato Carioca
The 1908 Campeonato Carioca, the third edition of that championship, kicked off on May 3, 1908 and ended on November 1, 1908. It was organized by LMSA (Liga Metropolitana de Sports Athleticos, or Metropolitan Athletic Sports League). Six teams participated. Fluminense won the title for the 3rd time. No teams were relegated.

1909 Campeonato Carioca
The 1909 Campeonato Carioca, the fourth edition of that championship, kicked off on May 2, 1909 and ended on October 31, 1909. It was organized by LMSA (Liga Metropolitana de Sports Athleticos, or Metropolitan Athletic Sports League). Seven teams participated. Fluminense won the title for the 4th time. No teams were relegated.
720th Special Tactics Group
The 720th Special Tactics Group is one of the special operations ground components of the 24th Special Operations Wing, assigned to Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) of the United States Air Force. The group is headquartered at Hurlburt Field, Florida. The group is composed of geographically separated squadrons in four separate states; Florida, New Mexico, North Carolina and Washington.

724th Special Tactics Group
The 724th Special Tactics Group is one of the special operations ground components of the 24th Special Operations Wing, assigned to Air Force Special Operations Command. The group is headquartered at Pope Army Airfield, North Carolina. The group is composed of four squadrons, also located on Pope Field.

The group was initially created as the 724th Training Group on 22 January 1943 and activated on 28 February 1943. It was disbanded on 30 April 1944.
W. Eugene Smith
William Eugene Smith (December 30, 1918 – October 15, 1978) was an American photojournalist. He has been described as "perhaps the single most important American photographer in the development of the editorial photo essay." His major photo essays include World War II photographs,  the visual stories of an American country doctor and a nurse midwife, the clinic of Albert Schweitzer in French Equatorial Africa, the city of Pittsburgh, and the pollution which damaged the health of the residents of Minamata in Japan. His 1948 series, Country Doctor, photographed for Life, is now recognized as "the first extended editorial photo story".

Minor White
Minor Martin White (July 9, 1908 – June 24, 1976) was an American photographer, theoretician, critic, and educator.

White made photographs of landscapes, people, and abstract subject matter. They showed technical mastery and a strong sense of light and shadow. He taught at the California School of Fine Arts, the Rochester Institute of Technology, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and in his home. Some of his most compelling images are figure studies of men he taught or with whom he had relationships. He helped start the photography magazine Aperture, considered the only periodical produced for, and by, photographers practicing the medium as a fine art.  He served as its editor for many years. White was hailed as one of America's greatest photographers.
ShopRite LPGA Classic
The ShopRite LPGA Classic, known in full for sponsorship reasons as The ShopRite LPGA Classic Presented by Acer, is a women's professional golf tournament on the LPGA Tour in Galloway, New Jersey, near Atlantic City.  It took place annually from 1986 through 2006 and returned to the tour schedule in 2010 at the Bay Course at the Dolce Seaview Resort, with a prize fund of $1.75 million. Purchased in September 2010, the resort is now known as Seaview, A Dolce Hotel.

Walmart NW Arkansas Championship
The Walmart NW Arkansas Championship is an annual women's professional golf tournament on the LPGA Tour in Rogers, Arkansas, north of Fayetteville. First played eighteen years ago in 2007, all editions of the tournament have been played at Pinnacle Country Club.

Procter & Gamble (P&G), a manufacturer of a wide range of consumer goods, became the title sponsor in 2008. The 2008 and 2009 editions were prefaced with "P&G Beauty", with the word "Beauty" dropped starting in 2010. Walmart, based in nearby Bentonville and the world's largest public corporation, became the presenting sponsor in 2010. Walmart became the title sponsor in 2011, with P&G as the presenting sponsor.
Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.

Ed Cooley
Edward Anthony Cooley (born September 10, 1969) is an American college basketball coach and currently the head coach of the Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball program. Cooley held the same position at Providence College from 2011 to 2023, and Fairfield University from 2006 to 2011. In 2022, he received national honors as the Naismith College Coach of the Year. Additionally, he received the inaugural 2010 Ben Jobe National Coach of the Year Award.
Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.

Shutter speed
In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time that the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light (that is, when the camera's shutter is open) when taking a photograph.
The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time. 1⁄500 of a second will let half as much light in as 1⁄250.
Onyx (hip-hop group)
Onyx is an American hardcore hip hop group from New York City, formed in 1988 by Fredro Starr, Suavé (also known as Sonny Seeza) and the late Big DS. Sticky Fingaz joined the group in 1991.

They are best known for their 1993 platinum hit single "Slam", which The Source magazine described as a song that introduced the art of slam dancing into hip-hop. The group has released eight studio albums, three of which have charted in the Billboard 200 albums chart Top 25. Their debut album, Bacdafucup, has been certified platinum, won Best Rap Album at the Soul Train Music Awards and was selected as one of The Source magazine's 100 Best Rap Albums.

They have been quoted as describing their style as loud screaming, aggression, fighting with each other, stage diving, throwing water, rapping with grimy voices, and bald head fashion.

Redman (rapper)
Reginald Noble (born April 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Redman, is an American rapper and record producer. He rose to fame in the early 1990s as an artist on Def Jam Recordings.

He is well known for his collaborations with his close friend Method Man, as one-half of the rap duo Method Man & Redman including their starring roles in films and sitcoms which include How High and Method and Red.  He was also a member of the Def Squad in the late 1990s.
Environment Agency
The Environment Agency (EA) is a non-departmental public body, established in 1996 and sponsored by the United Kingdom government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, with responsibilities relating to the protection and enhancement of the environment in England (and until 2013 also Wales).

Based in Bristol, the Environment Agency is responsible for flood management, waste management, regulating land and water pollution, and conservation.

Regional water authority
A regional water authority, commonly known as a water board, was one of a group of public bodies that came into existence in England and Wales in April 1974, as a result of the Water Act 1973 coming into force.  This brought together in ten regional units a diverse range of bodies involved in water treatment and supply, sewage disposal, land drainage, river pollution and fisheries. They lasted until 1989, when the water industry was privatised and the water supply and sewerage and sewage disposal parts became companies and the regulatory arm formed the National Rivers Authority. Regional water authorities were also part of the Scottish water industry when three bodies covering the North, West and East of Scotland were created in 1996, to take over responsibilities for water supply and sewage treatment from the regional councils, but they only lasted until 2002, when they were replaced by the publicly owned Scottish Water.
Creed
A creed, also known as a confession of faith, a symbol, or a statement of faith, is a statement of the shared beliefs of a community (often a religious community) which summarizes its core tenets.

Many Christian denominations use three creeds: the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, the Apostles' Creed and the Athanasian Creed. Some Christian denominations do not use any of those creeds.

The term creed is sometimes extended to comparable concepts in non-Christian theologies. The Islamic concept of ʿaqīdah (literally "bond, tie") is often rendered as "creed".

National Baptist Convention, USA
The National Baptist Convention, USA, more commonly known as the National Baptist Convention (NBC USA or NBC), is a Baptist Christian denomination headquartered at the Baptist World Center in Nashville, Tennessee and affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. It is also one of the largest predominantly and traditionally African American churches in the United States, and was the second largest Baptist denomination in the world in 2016.
Nathan Stewart-Jarrett
Nathan Lloyd Stewart-Jarrett is an English actor. He starred as Curtis Donovan in the E4 series Misfits (2009–2012) and Ian in the Channel 4 series Utopia (2013–2014). He is also known for his theatre work, earning a WhatsOnStage Award nomination for his performance in Angels in America. His films include The Comedian (2012), War Book (2014), Mope (2019), Candyman (2021), and Femme (2023), for which he won a British Independent Film Award.

Simon Bellamy
Simon Bellamy is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 science fiction comedy-drama Misfits, portrayed by Iwan Rheon. Simon was sentenced to community service for attempted arson which leads to him gaining the power of invisibility, reflective of his personality in that he often feels ignored. Simon has been involved in a storyline which saw him manipulated by his probation worker who he murders. In the third series finale Simon travels to the past and Rheon later confirmed that he would not be returning for the fourth series.
Toronto FC Academy
Toronto FC Academy, also known as TFC Academy, is the youth academy and development system of Canadian Major League Soccer club Toronto FC, which competes in MLS Next.

The academy has divisions from U14 to U19 and includes over 110 young players. The senior academy team is known as Toronto FC III.

FC Montreal
FC Montreal was a Canadian professional soccer team based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that played in the USL Championship, the third tier of the United States soccer league system. The team served as a reserve team of Major League Soccer (MLS) club, Montreal Impact. The original Montreal Impact had previously operated a reserve team called the Trois-Rivières Attak in the Canadian Soccer League from 2007 until 2009, followed by the Academy U21 from 2010 to 2012. The Montreal Impact U23 played in the PDL in 2014.