hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacob Le Maire
Jacob Le Maire (c. 1585 – 22 December 1616) was a Dutch mariner who circumnavigated the Earth in 1615 and 1616. The strait between Tierra del Fuego and Isla de los Estados was named the Le Maire Strait in his honour, though not without controversy. It was Le Maire himself who proposed to the council aboard Eendracht that the new passage should be called by his name and the council unanimously agreed with Le Maire. The author or authors of The Relation took Eendracht captain Willem Schouten's side by proclaiming:

“ ... our men had each of them three cups of wine in signe of ioy for our good hap ... [and the naming of] the Straights of Le Maire, although by good right it should rather have been called Willem Schouten Straight, after our Masters Name, by whose wise conduction and skill in sayling, the same was found.”.

Eendracht then rounded Cape Horn, proving that Tierra del Fuego was not a continent.

Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)
Futuna (/fuːˈtuːnə/; French: [fu.tu.na]) is the largest island in Hoorn Islands or Îles Horne, located in the Pacific Ocean, part of the French overseas collectivity (collectivité d'outre-mer) of Wallis and Futuna.  The island occupies an area of 80 km2 (30 sq mi) and as of 2018 it has a population of 10,912.

Futuna is a local name, the etymology of which is unknown.
Grant District, Jackson County, West Virginia
Grant District, formerly Grant Magisterial District, is one of five historic magisterial districts in Jackson County, West Virginia, United States.  The district was originally established as a civil township in 1863, and converted into a magisterial district in 1872.  When Jackson County was redistricted in the 1990s, the area of Grant District was included in the new Northern Magisterial District.  However, the county's historic magisterial districts continue to exist in the form of tax districts, serving all of their former administrative functions except for the election of county officials.

Washington District, Jackson County, West Virginia
Washington District, formerly Washington Magisterial District, is one of five historic magisterial districts in Jackson County, West Virginia, United States.  The district was originally established as one of five civil townships in Jackson County after West Virginia became a state in 1863; in 1872, all of West Virginia's townships were converted into magisterial districts.  When Jackson County was redistricted in the 1990s, Washington District was combined with the eastern portion of Ripley District, including the city of Ripley, to form the new Eastern Magisterial District.  However, the county's historic magisterial districts continue to exist in the form of tax districts, serving all of their former administrative functions except for the election of county officials.
199th Infantry Brigade (United States)
The 199th Infantry Brigade (Light) is a unit of the United States Army which served in the Army Reserve from 1921 to 1940, in the active army from 1966 to 1970 (serving in the Vietnam War), briefly in 1991–1992 at Fort Lewis, and from 2007 as an active army training formation at Fort Benning.

III Corps (South Vietnam)
III Corps (Vietnamese: Quân đoàn III) was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps in the ARVN, and oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital Saigon.
Little white-shouldered bat
The little white-shouldered bat (Ametrida centurio) is a species of bat from South and Central America. It is the only species within its genus, the name of which translates as "reaper" or "destroyer".

Highland yellow-shouldered bat
The highland yellow-shouldered bat (Sturnira ludovici)  is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela.
Type species
A type species (species typica) is the species considered to be permanently taxonomically associated with the name of a genus or subgenus, and that is used to identify it and distinguish it from others. In modern times, it is normally assigned when the genus or subgenus is first named. The genus or subgenus must, by definition, always include the type species as a member if it is to retain its name.

Synanceia
Synanceia is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Synanceiinae, commonly known as the stonefish, which is classified within the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfish and close relatives. Stonefish are the most venomous fish known; stings can be fatal to humans. They are found in the coastal regions of the Indo-Pacific. They are sometimes confused with the freshwater lionfish.
Edward Ardizzone
Edward Jeffrey Irving Ardizzone, CBE RA (16 October 1900 – 8 November 1979), who sometimes signed his work "DIZ", was a British painter, printmaker and war artist, and the author and illustrator of books, many of them for children. For Tim All Alone (Oxford, 1956), which he wrote and illustrated, Ardizzone won the inaugural Kate Greenaway Medal from the Library Association for the year's best children's book illustration by a British subject. For the 50th anniversary of the Medal in 2005, the book was named one of the top ten winning titles, selected by a panel to compose the ballot for public election of an all-time favourite.

Eric Ravilious
Eric William Ravilious (22 July 1903 – 2 September 1942) was a British painter, designer, book illustrator and wood-engraver. He grew up in Sussex, and is particularly known for his watercolours of the South Downs, Castle Hedingham and other English landscapes, which examine English landscape and vernacular art with an off-kilter, modernist sensibility and clarity. He served as a war artist, and was the first British war artist to die on active service in World War II when the aircraft he was in was lost off Iceland.
Diocese of Chios
The Diocese of Chios  (Latin: Dioecesis Chiensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located on the island of Chios in the ecclesiastical province of Naxos, Andros, Tinos and Mykonos in Greece.

Diocese of Santorini
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Santorini (Latin: Dioecesis Sanctoriensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Santorini in the ecclesiastical province of Naxos, Andros, Tinos and Mykonos in Greece.
Gil Evans
Ian Ernest Gilmore Evans (né Green; May 13, 1912 – March 20, 1988) was a Canadian–American jazz pianist, arranger, composer and bandleader. He is widely recognized as one of the greatest orchestrators in jazz, playing an important role in the development of cool jazz, modal jazz, free jazz, and jazz fusion. He is best known for his acclaimed collaborations with Miles Davis.

Paul Chambers
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers Jr. (April 22, 1935 – January 4, 1969) was an American jazz double bassist. A fixture of rhythm sections during the 1950s and 1960s, he has become one of the most widely-known jazz bassists of the hard bop era. He was also known for his bowed solos. Chambers recorded about a dozen albums as a leader or co-leader, and more than 100 as a sideman, especially as the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "first great quintet" (1955–63) and with pianist Wynton Kelly (1963–68).
Enrico Caruso
Enrico Caruso (25 February 1873 – 2 August 1921) was an Italian operatic tenor, who sang to great acclaim at the major opera houses of Europe and the Americas, appearing in a wide variety of roles that ranged from the lyric to the dramatic. Generally recognized as the first international recording star, Caruso made around 250 commercially released recordings from 1902 to 1920.

Giacomo Lauri-Volpi
Giacomo Lauri-Volpi (11 December 1892 – 17 March 1979) was an Italian tenor with a lyric voice of exceptional range and technical facility. He performed throughout Europe and the Americas in a top-class career that spanned 40 years.
Jakob Stämpfli
Jakob Stämpfli (23 February 1820 – 15 May 1879) was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1854–1863).

He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 6 December 1854, and handed over office on 31 December 1863. He was affiliated with the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland.

During his time in office he held the following departments:

Department of Justice and Police (1855)

Political Department as President of the Confederation (1856)

Department of Finance (1857–1858)

Political Department as President of the Confederation (1859)

Military Department (1860–1861)

Political Department as President of the Confederation (1862)

Military Department (1863)

Jakob Stämpfli was also member of the international tribunal that had to decide on the Alabama Claims in 1871.

Stefano Franscini
Stefano Franscini (23 October 1796, Bodio – 19 July 1857) was a Swiss politician and statistician. He was one of the initial members of the Swiss Federal Council elected in 1848 and Switzerland's first native Italian speaking federal councillor. Franscini was affiliated to the Liberal Radical Party of Switzerland. During his office tenure he held the Department of Home Affairs. Important elements of his political legacy include political reforms in the Ticino during the 1830s and 1840s, Switzerland's first federal population census in 1850, and the creation of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 1854/1855.
Calcium hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is a colorless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (calcium oxide) is mixed with water.  Annually, approximately 125 million tons of calcium hydroxide are produced worldwide.

Calcium hydroxide has many names including hydrated lime, caustic lime, builders' lime, slaked lime, cal, and pickling lime. Calcium hydroxide is used in many applications, including food preparation, where it has been identified as E number E526. Limewater, also called milk of lime, is the common name for a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide.

Masa
Masa or masa de maíz (English: /ˈmɑːsə/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmasa]) is a dough made from ground nixtamalized corn. It is used for making corn tortillas, gorditas, tamales, pupusas, and many other Latin American dishes.

It is dried and powdered into a flour form called harina de maíz or masa harina. Masa is reconstituted by mixing  with water before using it in cooking. In Spanish, masa harina translates simply to 'dough flour', and can refer to many other types of dough.
Seneca Rocks
Seneca Rocks is a large crag and local landmark in Pendleton County in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia, United States. The south peak is the only peak inaccessible except by technical rock climbing techniques on the East Coast of the United States. One of the best-known scenic attractions in West Virginia, the sheer rock faces are a popular challenge for rock climbers.

Seneca Rocks is easily visible from and accessible by way of West Virginia Route 28, West Virginia Route 55 and U.S. Route 33 in the Spruce Knob–Seneca Rocks National Recreation Area of the Monongahela National Forest. The three highways converge in the hamlet of Seneca Rocks, which is named for the cliffs nearby.

Spruce Mountain (West Virginia)
Spruce Mountain, located in eastern West Virginia, is the highest ridge of the Allegheny Mountains. The whale-backed ridge extends for only 16 miles (26 km) from northeast to southwest, but several of its peaks exceed 4,500 feet (1,400 m) in elevation. The summit, Spruce Knob (4,863 ft; 1,482 m), is the highest point both in West Virginia and in the entire Allegheny range, which spans four states.
Büyükçekmece
Büyükçekmece, historically Athyras (Greek: Αθύρας) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 173 km2, and its population is 277,181 (2022). It is on the Sea of Marmara coast of the European side, west of the city. It is largely an industrial area. The mayor is Ahmet Şahin (CHP).

Başakşehir
Başakşehir is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 107 km2, and its population is 514,900 (2022). It is in the European part of Istanbul. The district is home to İstanbul Başakşehir F.K., a football team competing in the Süper Lig. It also includes Ibn Haldun University and Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital. Additionally, the district features Bahçeşehir, one of Turkey's early suburban residential development projects. Notable sports venues in the district include Atatürk Olympic Stadium and Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium. BBC News has referred to Başakşehir as a primary hub for the middle and upper-class conservative demographic in Turkey. This description is based on the concept of the WASP model, emphasizing the district's representation of a particular sociocultural identity and lifestyle associated with conservative values in urban spaces.
Sally Dynevor
Sally Jane Dynevor (née Whittaker; born 30 May 1963) is an English actress, she is best known for her role as Sally Metcalfe in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street, which she has played since 1986. In 2022, Dynevor competed in the fourteenth series of Dancing on Ice.

Sue Cleaver
Susan Owen, (born 2 September 1963), known professionally as Sue Cleaver, is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the role of Eileen Grimshaw on the ITV soap opera Coronation Street, which she played from 2000 to 2025. In 2024 Cleaver became a panellist on Loose Women.
Himesh Reshammiya
Himesh Reshammiya (born 23 July 1973), is an Indian playback singer, music director, songwriter, film and music producer, and actor in Hindi cinema, with over 1,300 songs to his credit as a music director. He started his career as a music director in the film Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya in 1998 and made his acting debut with the film Aap Kaa Surroor in 2007.

In August 2025, Reshammiya was ranked #22 in the Bloomberg's World's most influential pop-stars list and was the only Indian artist to feature on the list.

Vishal Dadlani
Vishal Dadlani (born 28 June 1973) is an Indian singer, songwriter, music composer and occasional actor. He is one half of the duo Vishal–Shekhar, and frontman and vocalist of one of India's leading rock bands Pentagram.

As a great singer, he has sung various hit songs for various genres notably Dhoom Again, Kurban Hua, Jee le Zara, Marjaiyann, I feel Good, Jab Mila Tu, Tu Meri, Swag Se Swagat, Bala, Har funn Maula, and Khuda Hafiz. As a vocalist of band Pentagram, notable works are Voice, Tomorrow's Decided, Must I, Love Drug Climbdown and more to go. As a music director, he has composed songs for films such as Om Shanti Om, Anjaana Anjaani, Dostana, I Hate Luv Storys, Bang Bang!, Sultan, Student of the Year, Befikre and War.

Dadlani has been in collaboration with many international artists like Imogen Heap, Diplo, The Vamps and Akon.
Administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county seat or town, or the place where the central administration of a commune or equivalent subdivision, is located.

In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a chef-lieu (French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø], pl. chefs-lieux, lit. 'chief place'  or 'main place') is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective.

Staritsky District
Staritsky District  (Russian: Ста́рицкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central and southern parts of the oblast and borders with Kuvshinovsky District in the north, Torzhoksky District in the northeast, Kalininsky District in the east, Lotoshinsky District of Moscow Oblast in the southeast, Zubtsovsky District in the south, Rzhevsky District in the southwest, and with Selizharovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,005 square kilometers (1,160 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Staritsa. Population: 24,056 (2010 Census);  25,765 (2002 Census); 28,764 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Staritsa accounts for 35.8% of the district's total population.
Olha Saladukha
Olha Valeriivna Saladukha (Ukrainian: Ольга Валеріївна Саладуха, born 4 June 1983) is a Ukrainian former triple jumper. Since the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election she is a member of the Ukrainian parliament.

Caterine Ibargüen
Caterine Ibargüen Mena ODB (born 12 February 1984) is a retired Colombian athlete competing in high jump, long jump and triple jump. Her notable achievements include a gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics, silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics, two gold medals in the World Championships in Athletics, and two gold medals in the 2011 Pan American Games and 2015 Pan American Games.
Responsa
Responsa (plural of Latin responsum, 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars in historic religious law.

Minhag
A minhag (Hebrew: מִנְהָג, lit. 'custom'; pl. מִנְהָגִים, minhagim) is an accepted tradition or group of traditions in Judaism. A related concept, nusach (pronounced [ˈnusax]; נוּסָח, 'formula'), refers to the traditional ordering and forms of Jewish prayer.
Datu
Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The title is still used today, though not as much as early Philippine history. It is a cognate of datuk, dato, and ratu in several other Austronesian languages.

Confederate States of Lanao
The Confederate States of Lanao (Maranao: Pat a Pangampong sa Ranao, "Four States of Lanao") is a legislative confederation of the four Maranao states (pangampong) of Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Balo-i centered around Lake Lanao in the center of the island of Mindanao, Philippines.

This confederation is also sometimes inaccurately referred to as simply the Lanao Sultanate or Sultanate of Lanao.

The Confederate States of Lanao, specifically its sultanates, still exists in modern-day Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte. However, all of the Lanao royal houses do not hold any political power in the Philippines.
Large blue
The Large blue (Phengaris arion) is a species of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The species was first defined in 1758 and first recorded in Britain in 1795. In 1979 the species became mostly extinct in Britain but has been successfully reintroduced with new conservation methods. The species is classified as "near threatened" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Today P. arion can be found in Europe, the Caucasus, Armenia, western Siberia, Altai, north-western Kazakhstan and Sichuan.

The large blue can be distinguished by its unique speckled black dots on its wings with a blue background.

The large blue butterfly is well known in behavioural ecology as it is a brood parasite of a single species of red ant, Myrmica sabuleti. The discovery was made by Captain Edward Bagwell Purefoy along with F. W. Frohawk and others.

Common blue
The common blue butterfly or European common blue (Polyommatus icarus) is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae and subfamily Polyommatinae. The butterfly is found throughout the Palearctic and has been introduced to North America. Butterflies in the Polyommatinae are collectively called blues, from the coloring of the wings. Common blue males usually have wings that are blue above with a black-brown border and a white fringe. The females are usually brown above with a blue dusting and orange spots.

The Common blue was elected as the national butterfly of Israel in 2023.
Hans Streuli
Hans Streuli (13 July 1892 – 23 May 1970) was a Swiss politician.

Streuli was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on 22 December 1953 and handed over office on 31 December 1959. He was affiliated with the Free Democratic Party.

During his time in office, he held the Department of Finance and was President of the Confederation in 1957.

Markus Feldmann
Markus Feldmann (21 May 1897, in Thun, Canton of Bern – 3 November 1958, in Bern) was a Swiss politician, member of the Swiss Federal Council (1951–1958).

He was elected to the Federal Council on 13 December 1951 and died in office on 3 November 1958. He was affiliated to the Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents (BGB/PAI), now the Swiss People's Party.

During his office time he held the Department of Justice and Police and was President of the Confederation in 1956.

Feldmann coordinated Switzerland's response to the influx of refugees fleeing the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.

Feldmann is buried in the Schosshalden cemetery in Bern.
Jean Marais
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known professionally as Jean Marais (French: [ʒɑ̃ maʁɛ]), was a French actor, theatre director, painter, sculptor, visual artist, writer and photographer. In 1937, Marais became the lover of acclaimed poet, playwright and film director Jean Cocteau, who considered him his muse and directed him in multiple plays and films, notably Beauty and the Beast (1946). Following their relationship, Marais and Cocteau remained close friends and Marais later endeavored to keep Cocteau's legacy alive. During the post-war period, Marais was one France's major film stars and performed in various successful swashbuckler films In 1996, he was awarded the French Legion of Honor for his contributions to French cinema.

Michèle Morgan
Michèle Morgan (French: [miʃɛl mɔʁɡan]; born Simone Renée Roussel; 29 February 1920 – 20 December 2016) was a French film actress, who was a leading lady for three decades in both French cinema and Hollywood features. She is considered one of the greatest French actresses of the 20th century. Morgan was the inaugural winner of the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1992, she was given an honorary César Award for her contributions to French cinema.
Fountain Inn, South Carolina
Fountain Inn is a city in Greenville and Laurens counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The population was 10,416 at the 2020 census, up from 7,799 in 2010. It is part of the  Greenville-Mauldin-Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Greer, South Carolina
Greer is a city in Greenville and Spartanburg counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,308, making it the 14th-most populous city in South Carolina. Greer is included in the Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area in Upstate South Carolina.
Berwick, Victoria
Berwick (/ˈbɛrɪk/) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 41 kilometres (25 mi) south-east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Casey local government area. Berwick recorded a population of 50,298 at the 2021 census.

It was named by an early leaseholder, Robert Gardiner, after his birthplace, Berwick-on-Tweed close to the Scottish English border in Northumberland. The south of the river Tweed is called Tweedmouth where Berwick lies to the north of the river Tweed with the Scottish border around 4km north of the town.

Monash Freeway
The Monash Freeway is a major urban freeway in Victoria, Australia, linking Melbourne's CBD to its south-eastern suburbs and beyond to the Gippsland region. It carries up to 180,000 vehicles per day and is one of Australia's busiest freeways. The entire stretch of the Monash Freeway bears the designation M1.

The freeway is named in honour of General Sir John Monash, an esteemed Australian military commander for the Allies during World War I.