hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rand Paul
Randal Howard Paul (born January 7, 1963) is an American politician serving as the junior United States senator from Kentucky since 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he is the chair of the Senate Homeland Security Committee.

Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Paul has described himself as a constitutional conservative and a supporter of the Tea Party movement.  His libertarian views have been compared to those of his father, three-time presidential candidate and 12-term U.S. representative from Texas, Ron Paul. Paul attended Baylor University and is a graduate of the Duke University School of Medicine. He was a practicing ophthalmologist in Bowling Green, Kentucky, from 1993 until his election to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He was re-elected in 2016 and won a third term in 2022. Paul was a candidate for the Republican nomination in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

Andy Biggs
Andrew Steven Biggs (born November 7, 1958) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the U.S. representative for Arizona's 5th congressional district since 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Biggs served as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from 2003 to 2011 and a member of the Arizona Senate from 2011 to 2017. He was president of the Arizona Senate from 2013 to 2017. Biggs served as chairman of the Freedom Caucus from 2019 to 2022.

The district, which was once represented by U.S. Senators John McCain and Jeff Flake, is in the heart of the East Valley and includes part of Mesa, most of Chandler, all of Queen Creek and Biggs's hometown of Gilbert.

Biggs has announced that he will retire from the United States House of Representatives in 2026, and will instead run for Governor of Arizona. He and fellow Republican candidate Karrin Taylor Robson were both endorsed by President Donald Trump.
Tamang language
Tamang (Devanagari: तामाङ; tāmāng) is a term used to collectively refer to a Sino-Tibetian language cluster spoken mainly in Nepal, Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) and North-Eastern India. It comprises Eastern Tamang, Northwestern Tamang, Southwestern Tamang, Eastern Gorkha Tamang, and Western Tamang. Lexical similarity between Eastern Tamang (which is regarded as the most prominent) and other Tamang languages varies between 81% and 63%. For comparison, the lexical similarity between Spanish and Portuguese is estimated at 89%.

Tibeto-Burman languages
The Tibeto-Burman languages are the non-Chinese members of the Sino-Tibetan language family, over 400 of which are spoken throughout the Southeast Asian Massif ("Zomia") as well as parts of East Asia and South Asia. Around 60 million people speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The name derives from the most widely spoken of these languages, Burmese and the Tibetic languages, which also have extensive literary traditions, dating from the 12th and 7th centuries respectively. Most of the other languages are spoken by much smaller communities, and many of them have not been described in detail.

Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some historical linguists criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any shared innovations in phonology or morphology to show that they comprise a clade of the phylogenetic tree.
Irreligion
Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, rationalism, secularism, and non-religious spirituality. These perspectives can vary, with individuals who identify as irreligious holding diverse beliefs about religion and its role in their lives.

Relatively little scholarly research was published on irreligion until around the year 2010.

Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters. Historically, anti-clericalism in Christian traditions has been opposed to the influence of Catholicism.

Some have opposed clergy on the basis of moral corruption, institutional issues and/or disagreements in religious interpretation, such as during the Protestant Reformation. Anti-clericalism became extremely violent during the French Revolution, because revolutionaries claimed the church played a pivotal role in the systems of oppression which led to it. Many clerics were killed, and French revolutionary governments tried to put priests under the control of the state by making them employees.

Anti-clericalism appeared in Catholic Europe throughout the 19th century, in various forms, and later in Canada, Cuba, and Latin America.
National Weather Service
The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information. It is a part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) branch of the Department of Commerce, and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, within the Washington metropolitan area. The agency was known as the United States Weather Bureau from 1891 until it adopted its current name in 1970.

The NWS performs its primary task through a collection of national and regional centers, and 122 local Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs). As the NWS is an agency of the U.S. federal government, most of its products are in the public domain and available free of charge.

National Weather Service bulletin for Hurricane Katrina
The National Weather Service bulletin for the New Orleans region of 10:11 a.m., August 28, 2005, was a particularly dire warning issued by the local Weather Forecast Office in Slidell, Louisiana, warning of the devastation that Hurricane Katrina could wreak upon the Gulf Coast of the United States, and the human suffering that would follow once the storm left the area.

A National Weather Service assessment of its Hurricane Katrina activity found the bulletin's "unprecedented detail and foreboding nature of the language used ... helped reinforce the actions of emergency management officials as they coordinated one of the largest evacuations in U.S. history." The bulletin "helped reinforce the message from emergency management officials for residents in southeast Louisiana and southern Mississippi to heed evacuation orders from local officials."
Boavista FC (Cape Verde)
Boavista Futebol Clube (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: FK Boavista or FK Boabista, Boavista or Boavista Futibol Klubi) is a football club that had played in the Premier division and plays in the Santiago Island South Zone League in Cape Verde.  It is based in the city of Praia in the island of Santiago.  The team has only reached a few of these games before and after independence. Its current president is Luis Manuel Semedo who once coached Boa Vista's Académica Operária. and its manager is Nelito Antunes.

Boavista Praia is one of the most successful football (soccer) club in Cape Verde, As of 2017 having won about 18 official titles, 6 are national titles and 12 are regional titles.

Its nicknames are As Panteras, also the nickname of Porto's Boavista F.C., the other nickname is Boavista, the club name. Not commonly used is Os Axadrezados (The Chequered ones) which is also Porto's Boavista FC nickname.

Batuque FC
Batuque Futebol Clube (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC: Batuki Futibol Klubi, São Vicente: Batúque Futebol Klube) is a football club that plays in the São Vicente Premier Division in Cape Verde. It is based in the city of Mindelo on the island of São Vicente. Its current president is Jota (João Jose Cardoso da Silva) who became first president in around the mid 2000s. The club's nickname is Panteras (Panthers). Since 30 April 2017, they are one of three unrelegated clubs in the island along with Derby and Mindelense.

Batuque are one of the most successful football clubs on the island, having won about 12 official regional titles, of which, four of them are island or championship titles, four cup titles, three super cup titles and two association cup (opening tournament) titles. Batuque also has a handball team.
Eisleben
Eisleben (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪsleːbn̩] ⓘ) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is famous as both the hometown of the influential theologian Martin Luther and the place where he died; hence, its official name is Lutherstadt Eisleben.

First mentioned in the late 10th century, Eisleben is divided into the old town of Altstadt, and new town of Neustadt. Neustadt was created for Eisleben's miners in the 14th century. As of 2020, Eisleben had a population of 22,668. It lies on the Halle–Kassel railway.

Hettstedt
Hettstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛtˌʃtɛt] ⓘ) is a town in Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, on the Wipper. It consists of Hettstedt proper and the Ortschaften (municipal divisions) Ritterode and Walbeck. The former municipalities Ritterode and Walbeck were absorbed into Hettstedt in September 2010.
Breeders' Cup Turf
The Breeders' Cup Turf is a Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race on turf for three-year-olds and up. It is held annually at a different racetrack in the United States or Canada as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships. The race's current title sponsor is Longines.

The race is run at the European Classic distance of 1+1⁄2 miles, making it one of the most internationally appealing races on the Breeders' Cup lineup. One of the biggest moments in the race's history came in 2018 when Enable became the first horse to win both the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe and Breeders' Cup Turf in the same year.

The forerunner for this race was the Washington, D.C. International Stakes at Laurel Park Racecourse. Inaugurated in 1952, it was raced on turf at 1+1⁄2 miles and drew the best horses from North America and Europe.

Prix Foy
The Prix Foy is a Group 2 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbred colts and fillies aged four years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 2,400 metres (about 1½ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

The race serves as a trial for the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, which is held at the same venue three weeks later.
Gore Hill Freeway
Gore Hill Freeway is a 4-kilometre (2.5 mi) divided freeway located in Sydney, New South Wales that is part of the Sydney Orbital Network and Highway 1. The primary function of the freeway is to provide an alternative high-grade route from Lane Cove to Naremburn and to reduce traffic demands on Pacific Highway throughout Sydney's Lower North Shore, bypassing Gore Hill and St Leonards.

M2 Hills Motorway
M2 Hills Motorway is a 19.3-kilometre (12.0 mi) tolled urban motorway in Sydney, New South Wales that is part of the Sydney Orbital Network and the National Highway west of Pennant Hills Road. Owned by toll road operator Transurban, it forms majority of Sydney's M2 route, with the Lane Cove Tunnel constituting the rest of the M2 route.
Sonor
Sonor is a German musical instrument manufacturing company headquartered in Bad Berleburg. Established in 1875, it is one of the oldest percussion companies in the world. Sonor currently manufactures drum kits and hardware.

Apart from drum kits, Sonor also manufactured a wide range of other percussion instruments through its history. Some of them were frame drums, bongo drums, djembes, Cajons, timbales, congas, tambourines, maracas, guiros, glockenspiel, cymbals and mallets.

Pearl Drums
Pearl Musical Instrument Company (パール楽器製造株式会社, Pāru Gakki Seizō Kabushiki Gaisha), simply known as Pearl, is a multinational corporation based in Japan with a wide range of products, predominantly percussion instruments.
Mallomys
Mallomys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae.  The name of the genus is formed from the Greek μαλλός, mallos, wool, and μῦς, mus, mouse/rat. These very large rats weigh between 0.95 and 2 kilograms (2.1 and 4.4 lb) and are native to highlands in New Guinea. Little is known about their behavior, but they are believed to feed on leaves, grasses and other plant material.

It contains the following species:

De Vis's woolly rat (Mallomys aroaensis)

Alpine woolly rat (Mallomys gunung)

Subalpine woolly rat (Mallomys istapantap)

Rothschild's woolly rat (Mallomys rothschildi)

Apparently undescribed species of Mallomys have been reported from the Foja Mountains in Northern West Papua, as well as within the crater of Mount Bosavi in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea.

Pseudohydromys
Pseudohydromys is a genus of rodents in the family Muridae endemic to New Guinea.
It contains the following species:

Bishop's moss mouse (Pseudohydromys berniceae)

Huon small-toothed moss mouse (Pseudohydromys carlae)

Laurie's moss mouse (Pseudohydromys eleanorae)

One-toothed shrew mouse (Pseudohydromys ellermani)

Mottled-tailed shrew mouse (Pseudohydromys fuscus)

German's one-toothed moss mouse (Pseudohydromys germani)

Eastern shrew mouse (Pseudohydromys murinus)

Musser's shrew mouse (Pseudohydromys musseri)

Western shrew mouse (Pseudohydromys occidentalis)

Woolley's moss mouse (Pseudohydromys patriciae)

Southern small-toothed moss mouse (Pseudohydromys pumehanae)

White-bellied moss mouse (Pseudohydromys sandrae)

It was not until a 2009 revision that a general idea of the true taxonomic content of this genus was realized.
Dengie Peninsula
51°44′N 0°56′E﻿ / ﻿51.733°N 0.933°E﻿ / 51.733; 0.933
Dengie (pronounced with a soft 'g') is a peninsula in Essex, England, that once formed a hundred of the same name (sometimes spelled Dengy).

The peninsula is formed by the River Crouch to the south, the Blackwater to the north, both of which are tidal, and the North Sea to the east. The eastern part of the peninsula is marshy and forms the Dengie Marshes.

The western boundary of Dengie hundred ran from North Fambridge to a bit west of Maldon.  The peninsula forms about half of the Maldon local government district.

Places on the peninsula are:

Althorne

Asheldham

Bradwell-on-Sea

Bradwell Waterside

Burnham-on-Crouch

Cold Norton

Creeksea

Dengie (village)

Hazeleigh

Langford

Latchingdon

Maldon

Mayland

Maylandsea

Mundon

North Fambridge

Ostend

Purleigh

Ramsey Island

Snoreham

Southminster

Steeple

Stow Maries

St Lawrence Bay

Tillingham

Woodham Mortimer

Woodham Walter

River Crouch
The River Crouch is a small river that flows entirely through the English county of Essex.

The distance of the Navigation between Holliwell Point which is north of Foulness Island and Battlesbridge is 17.5 Miles, i.e. 15.21 Nautical Miles.
Babergh District
52°02′53″N 0°56′53″E﻿ / ﻿52.048°N 0.948°E﻿ / 52.048; 0.948

Babergh District (pronounced /ˈbeɪbə/, BAY-bə) is a local government district in Suffolk, England. In 2021 it had a population of 92,300. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just two towns, Sudbury and Hadleigh. The council was based in Hadleigh until 2017, when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Mid Suffolk District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. The district is named after the medieval Babergh Hundred, which covered part of the area.

The district includes parts of two designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Dedham Vale, known for its association with painter John Constable, and Suffolk Coast and Heaths.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Mid Suffolk, West Suffolk, Braintree, Colchester and Tendring.

Non-metropolitan district
Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially "shire districts", are a type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties (colloquially shire counties) in a two-tier arrangement. Non-metropolitan districts with borough status are known as boroughs, able to appoint a mayor. Some shire counties, for example Cornwall, now have no sub-divisions so are a single non-metropolitan district.

Typically, a district will consist of a market town and its more rural hinterland. However, districts are diverse, with some being mostly urban (such as Dartford) and others more polycentric (such as Thurrock).
FK Mogren
FK Mogren was a football club based in Budva, Montenegro. Founded in 1920, it was two times champion of Montenegrin First League and once winner of Montenegrin Cup.

In 2015, following the bankruptcy and debts, FK Mogren was relegated to the lowest-rank competition of football in Montenegro. In March 2017, the club was expelled from the South region of the Third Montenegrin league. Mogren was extiguinshed in 2017. A group of enthusiasts tried to register a new club under the name Mogren 1920, but the Ministry of Sports rejected them. Instead, FK Budva was founded and started with youth sections.

Yugoslav Second League
Yugoslav Second League (Bosnian: Druga savezna liga, Croatian: Druga savezna liga, Serbian: Друга савезна лига, Slovenian: Druga zvezna liga, Macedonian: Втора сојузна лига, Vtora sojuzna liga) was the second tier football league of SFR Yugoslavia. The top clubs were promoted to the top tier, the Yugoslav First League.

Although the Yugoslav First League had existed since 1923, the unified Second League was only introduced in 1947. It existed until 1992.
Kharia people
The Kharia are an Austroasiatic tribal ethnic group from east-central India. They speak the Kharia language, which belongs to Munda branch of Austroasiatic languages. They are sub-divided into three groups known as the Hill Kharia, Delki Kharia and the Dudh Kharia. Among them, the Dudh Kharia is the most educated community.

Bedia (caste)
The Bedia is a caste in India. They believe that they originally lived at Mohdipahar in Hazaribagh district and have descended from the union of a Vedbansi prince with a Munda girl. A legend has heard that they had their own 'Vedas' and hence it is called Bediya. Their Veda was different from the Vedas of Aryans.
Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana
Avoyelles (French: Paroisse des Avoyelles) is a parish located in central eastern Louisiana on the 
Red River where it effectively becomes the Atchafalaya River and meets the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,693. The parish seat is Marksville. The parish was created in 1807, with the name deriving from the French name for the historic Avoyel people, one of the local Indian tribes at the time of European encounter.

Today the parish is the base of the federally recognized Tunica-Biloxi Indian Tribe, who have a reservation there. The tribe has a land-based gambling casino on their reservation. It is located in Marksville, the parish seat, which is partly within reservation land.

Allen Parish, Louisiana
Allen Parish (French: Paroisse d'Allen) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,750. The parish seat is Oberlin and the largest city is Oakdale. Allen Parish is in southwestern Louisiana, southwest of Alexandria.

Allen Parish is named for former Confederate States Army general and Governor of Louisiana Henry Watkins Allen. It was separated in 1912 from the larger Calcasieu Parish to the southwest.
Chitin
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n (/ˈkaɪtɪn/ KY-tin) is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose. Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature (behind only cellulose); an estimated 1 billion tons of chitin are produced each year in the biosphere. It is a primary component of cell walls in fungi (especially filamentous and mushroom-forming fungi), the exoskeletons of arthropods such as crustaceans and insects, the radulae, cephalopod beaks and gladii of molluscs and in some nematodes and diatoms.
It is also synthesised by at least some fish and lissamphibians. Commercially, chitin is extracted from the shells of crabs, shrimps, shellfish and lobsters, which are major by-products of the seafood industry. The structure of chitin is comparable to cellulose, forming crystalline nanofibrils or whiskers. It is functionally comparable to the protein keratin. Chitin has proved useful for several medicinal, industrial and biotechnological purposes.

Chitin synthase
In enzymology, a chitin synthase (EC 2.4.1.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n  UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and [[[1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n]], whereas its two products are UDP and [[[1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:chitin 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase. Other names in common use include chitin-UDP N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, chitin-uridine diphosphate acetylglucosaminyltransferase, chitin synthetase, and trans-N-acetylglucosaminosylase.  This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism.
Sandringham, Victoria
Sandringham (/ˈsændrɪŋhæm/ ⓘ SAN-dring-ham or sometimes /ˈsændrɪŋəm/ SAN-dring-əm) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 16 km (10 mi) south of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Bayside local government area. Sandringham recorded a population of 10,926 at the 2021 census.

Williamstown, Victoria
Williamstown is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km (6.8 mi) south-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Hobsons Bay local government area. Williamstown recorded a population of 14,407 at the 2021 census.
North Island
The North Island (co-officially Te Ika-a-Māui from Māori) is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but less populous South Island by Cook Strait. With an area of 113,729 km2 (43,911 sq mi), it is the world's 14th-largest island, constituting 43% of New Zealand's land area. It has a population of 4,067,400 (June 2025), which is 76% of New Zealand's residents, making it the most populous island in Polynesia and the 28th-most-populous island in the world.

Twelve main urban areas are in the North Island. From north to south, they are Whangārei, Auckland, Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, Gisborne, New Plymouth, Napier, Hastings, Whanganui, Palmerston North, and New Zealand's capital city Wellington, which is located at the south-west tip of the island.

Putāruru
Putāruru is a small town in the South Waikato District and the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It lies on the western side of the Mamaku Ranges and in the upper basin of the Waihou River. It is on the Oraka Stream 65 kilometres south-east of Hamilton. State Highway 1 and the Kinleith Branch railway run through the town.
Malachite
Malachite (/ˈmæl.əˌkaɪt/) is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral, with the formula Cu2CO3(OH)2. This opaque, green-banded mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, and most often forms botryoidal, fibrous, or stalagmitic masses, in fractures and deep, underground spaces, where the water table and hydrothermal fluids provide the means for chemical precipitation. Individual crystals are rare, but occur as slender to acicular prisms. Pseudomorphs after more tabular or blocky azurite crystals also occur.

Chalcophyllite
Chalcophyllite is a rare secondary copper arsenate mineral occurring in the oxidized zones of some arsenic-bearing copper deposits. It was first described from material collected in Germany.  At one time chalcophyllite from Wheal Tamar in Cornwall, England, was called tamarite, but this name is now discredited (not to be confused with the amphibole mineral taramite, which is quite different). At Wheal Gorland a specimen exhibiting partial replacement of liriconite, Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4·(4H2O), by chalcophyllite has been found.  The mineral is named from the Greek, chalco "copper" and fyllon, "leaf", in allusion to its composition and platy structure.  It is a classic Cornish mineral that can be confused with tabular spangolite.