hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Musical analysis
Musical analysis is the study of musical structure in either compositions or performances. According to music theorist Ian Bent, music analysis "is the means of answering directly the question 'How does it work?'". The method employed to answer this question, and indeed exactly what is meant by the question, differs from analyst to analyst, and according to the purpose of the analysis. According to Bent, "its emergence as an approach and method can be traced back to the 1750s. However it existed as a scholarly tool, albeit an auxiliary one, from the Middle Ages onwards."

The principle of analysis has been variously criticized, especially by composers, such as Edgard Varèse's claim that, "to explain by means of [analysis] is to decompose, to mutilate the spirit of a work".

Chord (music)
A chord is the simultaneous sound of two or more musical notes. The most common chord has three notes and is known as a triad. Added tone chords, extended chords, and tone clusters can have more than three notes and are common in contemporary classical music and jazz.

An arpeggio is a chord where notes are sounded separately. A series of chords is sometimes called a chord progression. There are several ways to notate chords including figured bass, Roman numerals, the Nashville Number System, and alphabetical chord notation.
California State Assembly
The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature (the upper house being the California State Senate). The Assembly convenes, along with the State Senate, at the California State Capitol in Sacramento.

Neither house has been expanded since the ratification of the 1879 Constitution, and each of the 80 members represent at least 490,000 people, more than any other state lower house.

Members of the California State Assembly are generally referred to using the titles Assemblyman, Assemblywoman, or Assemblymember. In the current legislative session, Democrats have a three-fourths supermajority of 60 seats, while Republicans control a minority of 20 seats.

Mike Davis (politician)
Mike Davis is an American politician who served in the California State Assembly. Davis was declared the fourth most loyal Democratic voter in the California State Legislature in the Sacramento Bee 2011–2012 listing.  Davis, who is of African American heritage, serves as president pro tem of the City of Los Angeles Board of Public Works.
Johannes Peter Müller
Johannes Peter Müller (14 July 1801 – 28 April 1858) was a German physiologist, comparative anatomist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist, known not only for his discoveries but also for his ability to synthesize knowledge. The paramesonephric duct (Müllerian duct) was named in his honor.

Eduard Rüppell
Wilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Rüppell, also spelled Rueppell (20 November 1794 – 10 December 1884) was a German naturalist and explorer, best known for his collections and descriptions of plants and animals from Africa and Arabia.
East Punjab
East Punjab was a province of the Dominion of India from 1947 until 1950. It consist of  parts of the Punjab Province of British India that remained in India following the partition of the state between the new dominions of Pakistan and India by the Radcliffe Commission in 1947. The mostly Muslim western parts of the old Punjab became Pakistan's West Punjab, later,  renamed as Punjab Province, while the mostly Hindu and Sikh eastern parts remained with India.

Punjabi Hindus
Punjabi Hindus are adherents of Hinduism who identify ethnically, linguistically, culturally, and genealogically as Punjabis and are natives of the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. Punjabi Hindus are the third-largest religious group of the Punjabi community, after the Punjabi Muslims and the Punjabi Sikhs. Punjabi Hindus mostly inhabit the Indian state of Punjab, as well as Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, and Chandigarh today, but many have ancestry across the greater Punjab region, which was partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947.

Punjabi Hindus comprise a diverse range of castes, with the urban upper castes, particularly Khatris and Aroras, having historically played a dominant role in the region's trade, commerce, and industry. According to available demographic data, out of the Punjab state's total Hindu population of 38.5% (2011 census), Scheduled Castes constitute approximately 11%, while Other Backward Classes account for around 8.3%.
Texture mapping
Texture mapping is a term used in computer graphics to describe how 2D images are projected onto 3D models. The most common variant is the UV unwrap, which can be described as an inverse paper cutout, where the surfaces of a 3D model are cut apart so that it can be unfolded into a 2D coordinate space (UV space).

Reflection (computer graphics)
Reflection in computer graphics is used to render reflective objects like mirrors and shiny surfaces.

Accurate reflections are commonly computed using ray tracing whereas approximate reflections can usually be computed faster by using simpler methods such as environment mapping. Reflections on shiny surfaces like wood or tile can add to the photorealistic effects of a 3D rendering.
Oskar Morgenstern
Oskar Morgenstern (German: [ˈmɔʁɡn̩ʃtɛʁn]; January 24, 1902 – July 26, 1977) was a German-born economist. In collaboration with mathematician John von Neumann, he is credited with founding the field of game theory and its application to social sciences and strategic decision-making. He also made significant contributions to decision theory (see von Neumann–Morgenstern utility theorem).

He served as a consultant or co-founder for companies including the Market Research Corporation of America and the original Mathematica Inc.

Leonard Jimmie Savage
Leonard Jimmie Savage (born Leonard Ogashevitz; 1917 – 1971) was an American mathematician and statistician. Economist Milton Friedman said Savage was "one of the few people I have met whom I would unhesitatingly call a genius."
Beatrix's bat
Beatrix's bat (Glauconycteris beatrix) is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria. It is found in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Eastern greenish yellow bat
The eastern greenish yellow bat (Scotophilus viridis) is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Botswana, Central African Republic, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are  dry and moist savanna.

The western greenish yellow bat (S. nigritellus) of western Africa was formerly considered conspecific.
H-II Transfer Vehicle
The H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV), also called Kounotori (Japanese: こうのとり; lit. 'white stork'), was an expendable Japanese automated cargo spacecraft designed for International Space Station (ISS) resupply missions, particularly Kibō, the Japanese laboratory module.

Development of the spacecraft began in the early 1990s and the HTV's first mission, HTV-1, was launched on 10 September 2009 on an H-IIB launch vehicle. The HTV was crucial for ISS resupply, especially after the retirement of the Space Shuttle, as it was the only vehicle capable of transporting large International Standard Payload Racks (ISPR) and disposing of old ones within the ISS's US Orbital Segment. The final HTV mission, Kounotori 9, was launched on 20 May 2020. HTV's successor, the HTV-X, made its maiden flight in October 2025.

Tanegashima Space Center
The Tanegashima Space Center (TNSC) is Japan's primary spaceport, covering approximately about 9.7 million square metres (2,400 acres; 970 ha). It is located on the southeastern tip of Tanegashima, the easternmost of the Ōsumi Islands, approximately 40 kilometers (25 mi) south of the major island of Kyushu.

The site was selected on May 24, 1966, and construction began later that year on September 17. Exactly two years later, on September 17, 1968, it hosted its first launch, a small rocket. The facility officially opened on October 1, 1969, coinciding with the establishment of its initial operator, the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA).

Now operated by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) since its formation in 2003, TNSC is responsible for satellite assembly, as well as launch vehicle testing, launching, and tracking.
Rampart, Alaska
Rampart (Koyukon: Dleł Taaneets [t͡ɬəɬ tʰæːniːt͡sʰ]) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. The population was 24 at the 2010 census, down from 45 in 2000.

Tanana, Alaska
Tanana /ˈtænənɑː/ (Hohudodetlaatl Denh in Koyukon) is a city in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, Tanana had a population of 246. It was formerly known as Clachotin, adopted by Canadian French.

Jules Jetté (1864–1927), a Jesuit missionary who worked in the area and documented the language, recorded the Koyukon Athabascan name for the village as Hohudodetlaatl Denh, literally, ‘where the area has been chopped’. Several residents are chronicled in the 2012 Discovery Channel TV series Yukon Men. Almost 80% of the town's population are Native Americans, traditionally Koyukon (Denaakk'e) speakers of the large Athabaskan (Dené) language family.
Ayala Avenue
Ayala Avenue is a major thoroughfare in Makati, the Philippines. It is one of the busiest roads in Metro Manila, crossing through the heart of the Makati Central Business District. Because of the many businesses along the avenue, Ayala Avenue is nicknamed the "Wall Street of the Philippines" and dubbed in the 1970s and 1980s as the "Madison Avenue of the Philippines".

Greenbelt (shopping mall)
Greenbelt (also known as Greenbelt by Ayala Malls) is a shopping mall located at Ayala Center, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is owned by Ayala Malls, a real-estate subsidiary of Ayala Land, which is an affiliate of Ayala Corporation. It opened in 1988 after merging existing structures and is one of the Ayala Corporation's flagship projects. The mall offers a mix of high-end retail shops, restaurants, amenities, leisure and entertainment. Currently, the mall has five sections and an urban park with a Roman Catholic chapel at the center.
Praetor
Praetor (/ˈpriːtər/ PREE-tər, Classical Latin: [ˈprae̯tɔr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the praetura (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the praetoria potestas (praetorian power), the praetorium imperium (praetorian authority), and the praetorium ius (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the praetores (praetors). Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire.

Domitia Lucilla (mother of Marcus Aurelius)
Calvisia Domitia Lucilla (also known as Domitia Lucilla Minor and Domitia Calvilla, d. 155–161), was a noble Roman woman who lived in the 2nd century. She is best known as the mother of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
Kalgoorlie
Kalgoorlie (/ˈkælˌɡʊːɹli/ kal-GOOR-LEE), also known as Kalgoorlie–Boulder, is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at the end of the Great Eastern Highway. It is referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder.

Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wongatha People. The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes. It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields. Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail. The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years.

During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,072, a slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013.

Newman, Western Australia
Newman, originally named Mount Newman until 1981, is a town in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.  It is located about 1,186 kilometres (737 mi) north of Perth, and 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of the Tropic of Capricorn.  It can be reached by the Great Northern Highway. Newman is a modern mining town, with homes contrasting with the surrounding reddish desert. As of the 2021 census, Newman had a population of 6,456. The Hickman Crater, a meteorite impact crater discovered in 2007, is 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Newman.
2014 Lewisham London Borough Council election
The 2014 Lewisham Council election took place on 22 May 2014 to elect members of Lewisham Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.

Labour won 53 of 54 seats in a landslide victory, with one seat in Brockley ward held by the Green Party.

2018 Lewisham London Borough Council election
Elections for Lewisham London Borough Council were held on 3 May 2018, the same day as for other London Boroughs. All 54 seats were up for election. The Labour Party won all 54 seats in a landslide victory, winning 60% of the popular vote. The Green Party lost their sole council seat, leaving the party without representation on Lewisham Borough Council for the first time in 16 years.
Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan, also known as Mexico-Tenochtitlan, was a large Mexican altepetl in what is now the historic center of Mexico City. The exact date of the founding of the city is unclear, but the date 13 March 1325 was chosen in 1925 to celebrate the 600th anniversary of the city. The city was built on an island in what was then Lake Texcoco in the Valley of Mexico. The city was the capital of the expanding Aztec Empire in the 15th century until it was captured by the Tlaxcaltec and the Spanish in 1521.

At its peak, it was the largest city in the pre-Columbian Americas. It subsequently became a cabecera of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.  Today, the ruins of Tenochtitlan are in the historic center of the Mexican capital. The World Heritage Site of Xochimilco contains what remains of the geography (water, boats, floating gardens) of the Mexica capital.

Tenochtitlan was one of two Mexica āltepētl (city-states or polities) on the island, the other being Tlatelolco.

Aztec codex
Aztec codices (Nahuatl languages: Mēxihcatl āmoxtli, pronounced [meːˈʃiʔkatɬ aːˈmoʃtɬi]; sg.: codex) are Mesoamerican manuscripts made by the pre-Columbian Aztec, and their Nahuatl-speaking descendants during the colonial period in Mexico. Most of their content is pictorial in nature and they come from the multiple Indigenous groups from before and after Spanish contact. Differences in styles indicate regional and temporal differences. The types of information in manuscripts fall into several broad categories: calendar or time, history, genealogy, cartography, economics/tributes, census and cadastral, and property plans. Codex Mendoza and the Florentine Codex are among the important and popular colonial-era codices. The Florentine Codex, for example is known for providing a Mexica narrative of the Spanish Conquest from the viewpoint of the Indigenous people, instead of Europeans.
USS Princeton (CVL-23)
15°21′N 123°31′E﻿ / ﻿15.350°N 123.517°E﻿ / 15.350; 123.517

The fourth USS Princeton (CVL-23) was a United States Navy Independence-class light aircraft carrier active in the Pacific Ocean during World War II.  She was launched in 1942 and lost at the Battle of Leyte Gulf in 1944.

Tarawa
Tarawa is an atoll and the capital of the Republic of Kiribati, in the Micronesia region of the central Pacific Ocean. It comprises North Tarawa, which has 6,629 inhabitants and much in common with other more remote islands of the Gilbert group, and South Tarawa, which has 56,388 inhabitants as of 2015, half of the country's total population. The atoll was the site of the Battle of Tarawa during World War II.
Yem Zone
Yem Zone is one of the zones in the Central Ethiopia Regional State. Yem is named for the Yem, people whose homeland lies in this zone, (see Kingdom of Yamma). Yem is bordered on the west and north by the Oromia Region, and separated from Gurage on the northeast and Hadiya on the east by the Omo River. High points in Yem include Mount Bor Ama, Mount Azulu and Mount Toba. The administrative center of Yem is Saja.

The form of subsistence agriculture practiced in this zone is based on cereal and enset. Important cash crops include teff, wheat, barley and pulses. Other important non-agricultural sources of income include selling butter and remittances. According to a 2004 report, Yem had 12 kilometers of asphalt roads, 11 kilometers of all-weather roads and 31 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 81 kilometers per 1,000 square kilometers.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
RBC Roosendaal
RBC, previously known as RBC Roosendaal, is a football club based in Roosendaal, Netherlands. RBC currently plays in the fourth-tier Derde Divisie after bankruptcy in 2011, restarting the club in the tenth tier Vijfde Klasse.

AGOVV
AGOVV (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌaːɣeːjoːveːˈveː]) is a Dutch football club based in Apeldoorn, Gelderland. Founded on 25 February 1913, the club competes in the Derde Klasse, the eighth tier of the Dutch football league system.

AGOVV played professional football between 1954 and 1971, and again from 2003 until 2013, when its professional branch was declared bankrupt and dissolved. During its time in the professional ranks, the club competed in the Eerste Divisie and was known for developing players such as Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.

The club's full name, Apeldoornse Geheel Onthouders Voetbalvereniging, reflects its origins as a teetotalers' sporting association. AGOVV plays its home matches at the Sportpark Berg & Bos and traditionally wears blue kits.
Spurrell's woolly bat
Spurrell's woolly bat (Kerivoula phalaena) is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae named after Herbert George Flaxman Spurrell.
It is found in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, and Uganda.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

White-winged serotine
The white-winged serotine (Pseudoromicia tenuipinnis) is a species of vesper bat.

It can be found in the following countries: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Uganda. It is found in subtropical or tropical forests and moist savanna.
Central Thailand
Central Thailand (also known as Siam, Siam proper or Dvaravati) is one of the regions of Thailand, covering the broad alluvial plain of the Chao Phraya River. Located in the central plains, it is separated from northeast Thailand (Isan) by the Phetchabun mountain range. The Tenasserim Hills separate it from Myanmar to the west. In the north it is bounded by the Phi Pan Nam Range, one of the hilly systems of northern Thailand. The area was the heartland of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (at times referred to as Siam) and is still the dominant area of Thailand since it contains the world's most primate city, Bangkok.

Khorat Plateau
The Khorat Plateau (Thai: ที่ราบสูงโคราช; Northeastern Thai: ที่ฮาบสูงโคราช) is a plateau in the northeastern Thai region of Isan. The plateau forms a natural region, named after the short form of Nakhon Ratchasima, a historical barrier controlling access to and from the area.
Keuper
The Keuper is a lithostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Keuper consists of dolomite, shales or claystones and evaporites that were deposited during the Middle and Late Triassic epochs (about 220 million years ago). The Keuper lies on top of the Muschelkalk and under the predominantly Lower Jurassic Lias or other Early Jurassic strata.

The Keuper together with the Muschelkalk and the Buntsandstein form the Germanic Trias Group, a characteristic sequence of rock strata that gave the Triassic its name.

Zechstein
The Zechstein (German either from mine stone or tough stone) is a unit of sedimentary rock layers of Late Permian (Lopingian) age located in the European Permian Basin which stretches from the east coast of England to northern Poland. The name Zechstein was formerly also used as a unit of time in the geologic timescale, but nowadays it is only used for the corresponding sedimentary deposits in Europe.

The Zechstein lies on top of the Rotliegend; on top of the Zechstein is the Buntsandstein or Bunter. The Zechstein is associated with the accumulation of large amounts of salt rock between 257.3 and 251.0 million years ago.
Holly Valance
Holly Rachel Candy (née Vukadinović; born 11 May 1983), known professionally as Holly Valance, is an Australian and British actress, singer, model, and a right-wing political commentator.

Valance became well known for her role as Felicity Scully on the Australian soap opera Neighbours (1999–2002) and later played Nika Volek in Prison Break (2005–2006). Her film roles include DOA: Dead or Alive (2006), National Lampoon's Pledge This! (2006), Taken (2008), and Kambakkht Ishq (2009). Her first album, Footprints (2002), provided three top three singles: "Kiss Kiss", "Down Boy" and "Naughty Girl". The title song of her second and final album, State of Mind (2003), was also a UK top ten single. Valance has since become involved in UK and US politics as a prominent supporter and fundraiser for Nigel Farage and Donald Trump.

Michelle Scully
Michelle Elizabeth Scully is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Neighbours, played by Kate Keltie. She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 20 October 1999 when she and her family moved into Ramsay Street. Michelle departed in 2003, but made a brief return in 2004, before departing again on 21 April 2004. Keltie reprised the role in a guest appearance on 4 December 2023.
Relevant Radio
Relevant Radio (corporate name Relevant Radio, Inc.) is a radio network in the United States, mainly broadcasting talk radio and religious programming involving the Catholic Church. Relevant Radio broadcasts "talk radio for Catholic life" over a network of 205 stations. Relevant Radio owns and operates 132 stations, and distributes programs to an additional 73 affiliates.

Relevant Radio is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Lincolnshire, Illinois, with additional studios in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

The network airs a variety of programming aimed at Catholics and others interested in the Catholic Church.

WDEO (AM)
WDEO (990 kHz) is a radio station broadcasting on 990 kilohertz in Ypsilanti, Michigan. Broadcasting Catholic programming, WDEO is operated by Ave Maria Radio.

Most programming is locally produced, but some daytime content comes from the EWTN Global Catholic Radio Network.