hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978–79 John Player Cup
The 1978–79 John Player Cup was the eighth edition of England's premier rugby union club competition at the time. Leicester won the competition defeating Moseley in the final. The event was sponsored by John Player cigarettes and the final was held at Twickenham Stadium.

1979–80 John Player Cup
The 1979–80 John Player Cup was the ninth edition of England's premier rugby union club competition at the time. Leicester won the competition for the second consecutive year defeating London Irish in the final. The attendance of 27,000 was a record. The event was sponsored by John Player cigarettes and the final was held at Twickenham Stadium.
Germ layer
A germ layer, primary germinal layer, or germinal layer is a primary layer  of cells that forms during  animal embryonic development. Germ layers form during gastrulation, when the early embryo is formed of two or three layers of cells.

Sponges do not have a gastrulation stage and possess no true germ layers. They do though have two layers of cells separated by a gel-like mesohyl. Some aquatic invertebrates such as cnidarians, and comb jellies, develop from only two germ layers, an ectoderm and an endoderm, and are known as diploblasts. But most animals have a bilateral symmetry, and develop from three germ layers, an ectoderm, endoderm, and a middle layer of mesoderm, and are triploblastic.

Germ layers eventually give rise to all of an animal's tissues and organs through the processes of histogenesis, and organogenesis.

Triploblasty
Triploblasty is a condition of the gastrula in which there are three primary germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Germ cells are set aside in the embryo at the blastula stage, and are incorporated into the gonads during organogenesis. The germ layers form during the gastrulation of the blastula. The term triploblast may refer to any egg cell in which the blastoderm splits into three layers.

All bilaterians, which are the animals with bilaterally symmetrical embryos, are triploblastic. Other animal taxa, namely the ctenophores, placozoans, and cnidarians, are diploblastic, which means that their embryos contain only two germ layers. Sponges are even less developmentally specialized, because they lack both true tissues and organs.

The earliest triploblasts are thought to have evolved from the diploblasts at some time during the Proterozoic era, establishing themselves as a group prior to their diversification during the Cambrian explosion.
Stéphane Mallarmé
Étienne Mallarmé (UK: /ˈmælɑːrmeɪ/ MAL-ar-may, US: /ˌmælɑːrˈmeɪ/ mal-ar-MAY; 18 March 1842 – 9 September 1898), known professionally as Stéphane Mallarmé (French: [stefan malaʁme] ⓘ), was a French poet and critic. He was a major French Symbolist poet, and his work anticipated and inspired several revolutionary artistic schools of the early 20th century, such as Cubism, Futurism, Dadaism, and Surrealism.

Parnassianism
Parnassianism (or Parnassism) was a group of French poets that began during the positivist period of the 19th century (1860s–1890s), occurring after romanticism and prior to symbolism. The style was influenced by the author Théophile Gautier as well as by the philosophical ideas of Arthur Schopenhauer.
Horror fiction
Horror is a genre of speculative fiction that is intended to disturb, frighten, or scare an audience. Horror is often divided into the sub-genres of psychological horror and supernatural horror. Literary historian J. A. Cuddon, in 1984, defined the horror story as "a piece of fiction in prose of variable length ... which shocks, or even frightens the reader, or perhaps induces a feeling of repulsion or loathing". Horror intends to create an eerie and frightening atmosphere for the reader. The threats present in horror fiction often reflect broader cultural anxieties.

Brian Keene
Brian Keene (born September 22, 1967) is an American author and podcaster, primarily known for his work in horror, dark fantasy, crime fiction, and comic books. He has won the 2014 World Horror Grandmaster Award and two Bram Stoker Awards. In addition to his own original work, Keene has written for media properties such as Doctor Who, Thor, Hellboy, Alien, Masters of the Universe, and The X-Files.
Canterbury Region
Canterbury (Māori: Waitaha) is a region of New Zealand, located in the central-eastern South Island. The region covers an area of 44,503.88 square kilometres (17,183.04 sq mi), making it the largest region in the country by area. It is home to a population of 698,200 (June 2025).

The region in its current form was established in 1989 during nationwide local government reforms. The Kaikōura District joined the region in 1992 following the abolition of the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council.

Christchurch, the South Island's largest city and the country's second-largest urban area, is the seat of the region and home to 58 percent of the region's population. Other major towns and cities include Timaru, Ashburton, Rangiora and Rolleston.

Lyttelton Times
The Lyttelton Times was the first newspaper in Canterbury, New Zealand, publishing the first edition in January 1851. It was established by the Canterbury Association as part of its planned settlement of Canterbury and developed into a liberal, at the time sometimes seen as radical, newspaper. A successor paper, The Star, is published as a free bi-weekly newspaper.

James FitzGerald was the newspaper's first editor, and it was FitzGerald who in 1861 set up its main competitor, The Press, over the Lyttelton Times' support for the Lyttelton Rail Tunnel. In 1935, it was The Press that won the competition for the morning newspaper market in Christchurch; the Lyttelton Times was the oldest newspaper in the country when it ceased that year.
Frankfurt Galaxy (NFL Europe)
The Frankfurt Galaxy were a professional American football team that originally played in the World League of American Football and later in the resurrected NFL Europe. The team was based in Frankfurt, Germany and played in the Commerzbank-Arena, formerly called Waldstadion. The Galaxy was the only team in the league to have remained in operation and in the same city throughout the league's existence.

As of 2021, an unrelated team of the same name plays in the European League of Football.

Mike Jones (wide receiver, born 1960)
Michael Anthony Jones (born April 14, 1960) is an American former professional football player and coach who recently served as the wide receivers coach for the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL). He played as a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for seven season with five different teams: the Minnesota Vikings (1983–1985), New Orleans Saints (1986–1987), Kansas City Chiefs (1988), New England Patriots (1989), and New Orleans Saints (1989). Jones played college football at Tennessee State University and returned to his alma mater to serve as offensive coordinator from 2010 to 2014.
Codec
A codec is a computer hardware or software component that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder.

In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, and hence is a type of codec. Endec is a portmanteau of encoder/decoder.

A coder or encoder encodes a data stream or a signal for transmission or storage, possibly in encrypted form, and the decoder function reverses the encoding for playback or editing. Codecs are used in videoconferencing, streaming media, and video editing applications.

Frame rate
Frame rate, commonly expressed in frame/s, frames per second, or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (frames) are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras, computer animation, and motion capture systems. In these contexts, frame rate may be used interchangeably with frame frequency and refresh rate, which are expressed in hertz (Hz). Additionally, in the context of computer graphics performance, FPS is the rate at which a system, particularly a GPU, is able to generate frames, and refresh rate is the frequency at which a display shows completed frames. In electronic camera specifications frame rate refers to the maximum possible rate frames could be captured, but in practice, other settings (such as exposure time) may reduce the actual frequency to a lower number than the frame rate.
SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.

Yuta (Japanese singer)
Yuta Nakamoto (中本悠太, Nakamoto Yūta; born October 26, 1995), known professionally as Yuta (Korean: 유타, Japanese: ユウタ), is a Japanese singer-songwriter, actor, dancer and radio host based in South Korea. He is a member of the South Korean boy group NCT, debuting in the group's second fixed sub-unit NCT 127 in 2016 and in the group's first rotational sub-unit NCT U in 2020. Yuta made his solo debut on October 3, 2024, with the extended play (EP) Depth.
Cedar Walton
Cedar Anthony Walton Jr. (January 17, 1934 – August 19, 2013) was an American hard bop jazz pianist. He came to prominence as a member of drummer Art Blakey's band, The Jazz Messengers, before establishing a long career as a bandleader and composer. Several of his compositions have become jazz standards, including "Mosaic", "Bolivia", "Holy Land", "Mode for Joe" and "Ugetsu/Fantasy in D".

SteepleChase Records
SteepleChase Records is a jazz record company and label based in Copenhagen, Denmark. SteepleChase was founded in 1972 by Nils Winther, who was a student at Copenhagen University at the time. He began recording concerts at Jazzhus Montmartre, where many American musicians performed, and was given permission by some of the artists to release the material commercially.

SteepleChase became a haven for many artists who were without contracts with larger labels at the time. In 1987, the company started a subsidiary classical music label, Kontrapunkt.
If You Want Me (song)
"If You Want Me" is a song written by Ben Peters that was originally recorded by American country artist Billie Jo Spears. It was released as a single in 1977 and reached the top ten of the American country chart, among other positions. It was the lead single of Spears's 1977 album of the same name. It was the final top ten single of Spears's career.

Sound Emporium Studios
Sound Emporium is a music recording studio located at 3100 Belmont Boulevard in Nashville, Tennessee. Originally founded by Jack Clement in 1969 as the Jack Clement Recording Studios, the studio changed ownership and was renamed Sound Emporium in 1979. The studios have been the site of numerous notable recordings by artists including Merle Haggard, Don Williams, Kenny Rogers, Keith Whitley, R.E.M., Trisha Yearwood, Alan Jackson, Taylor Swift, Robert Plant and Alison Krauss, Willie Nelson, Kacey Musgraves, Cole Swindell, Yo-Yo Ma, T Bone Burnett, Alabama Shakes, and others.
Heisman Trophy
The Heisman Memorial Trophy (/ˈhaɪzmən/ HYZE-mən; also known simply as the Heisman) is awarded annually since 1935 to the top player in college football. It is considered the most prestigious award in the sport and is presented by the Heisman Trophy Trust following the regular season in December. The most recent winner is current Indiana Hoosiers quarterback Fernando Mendoza.

The award was created by the Downtown Athletic Club to recognize "the most valuable college football player east of the Mississippi" and was first awarded to University of Chicago halfback Jay Berwanger. The award was given its name in 1936 after the death of the club's athletic director, John Heisman, and broadened to include players west of the Mississippi.

Michael Crabtree
Michael Alex Crabtree Jr. (born September 14, 1987) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Tech Red Raiders, twice earning unanimous All-American honors. He was selected 10th overall by the San Francisco 49ers in the 2009 NFL draft. Crabtree was a member of the 49ers for six seasons and spent the remainder of his career with the Oakland Raiders, Baltimore Ravens, and Arizona Cardinals.
Ahti Karjalainen
Ahti Kalle Samuli Karjalainen (10 February 1923 – 7 September 1990) was a Finnish economist and politician. He was a member of the Agrarian League (later known as Keskusta, Centre Party) and served two terms as Prime Minister of Finland. He is, however, better known for his period as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Finland. Karjalainen is considered one of the most influential figures in post-war Finnish politics. Like President Urho Kekkonen, Karjalainen attached great importance to Finland's relationship with the Soviet Union, and was at one point considered to be Kekkonen's likely successor until alcoholism affected his later career.

Karjalainen II cabinet
Ahti Karjalainen's second cabinet was the 53rd government of Finland. The cabinet existed from 15 July 1970 to 29 October 1971. It was a majority coalition government formed by the Social Democratic Party of Finland, the Agrarian League, the Finnish People's Democratic League, the Liberals, and the Swedish People's Party of Finland.
FK Voždovac
Fudbalski klub Voždovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Фудбалски клуб Вождовац) is a professional football club based in Voždovac, Belgrade, Serbia, which competes in the Serbian First League, the second tier.

Nicknamed "The Dragons", they experienced little success in the Yugoslavian era, but have become one of Belgrade's best and most stable clubs in modern times since Serbia's independence.

They are known for their stadion on top of the shopping center.

FK Inđija
Fudbalski klub Inđija (Serbian Cyrillic: Фудбалски клуб Инђија), currently known as Inđija Toyo Tires for sponsorship reasons, is a football club based in the city of Inđija, Serbia. They compete in the Serbian League Vojvodina, the third tier of the national league system.

During Yugoslavia the club mainly participated in the amateur ranks of competition.

The club's biggest success were two promotions to the Serbian SuperLiga for 2010–11 and 2019–20 seasons.
Strathbungo
Strathbungo is a mainly residential area of southern Glasgow, Scotland, bordered by the neighbourhoods of Crossmyloof to the south, Govanhill to the east and Pollokshields to the north and west. The settlement grew up as a small isolated village built along the Pollokshaws Road, one of the main arteries leading southwards from the centre of Glasgow (today part of the A77 road), adjoined by the Camphill Estate, now part of Queens Park. Strathbungo lay just inside Govan parish, on its boundary with Cathcart parish, and at one time a line just north of Allison Street and Nithsdale Street formed the boundary or 'march' between the counties of Lanark and Renfrew.

The feudal superiors, the Maxwells of Pollok, preferred the name Marchtown. This name is seen on some old maps, and survives in March Street.

Langside
Langside is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated south of the River Clyde, and lies east of Shawlands, south of Queens Park, west of Cathcart and north of Newlands. The district is residential and primarily middle-class, and has become an increasingly fashionable address in recent years. The housing stock is mainly of the Victorian tenement type, along with some townhouses of the same period.
Chandrayaan-2
Chandrayaan-2  (pronunciationⓘ; from Sanskrit: Chandra, "Moon" and yāna, "craft, vehicle") is the second lunar exploration mission developed by ISRO after Chandrayaan-1. It consists of a lunar orbiter, the Vikram lunar lander, and the Pragyan rover, all of which were developed in India. The main scientific objective is to map and study the variations in lunar surface composition, as well as the location and abundance of lunar water.

The spacecraft was launched from the second launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Andhra Pradesh on 22 July 2019 at 09:13:12 UTC by a LVM3-M1 rocket. The craft reached lunar orbit on 20 August 2019. The Vikram lander attempted a lunar landing on 6 September 2019; the lander crashed due to a software error.

The lunar orbiter continues to operate in orbit around the Moon. A follow-up landing mission, Chandrayaan-3, was launched in 2023 and successfully performed a lunar landing.

Lunar south pole
The lunar south pole is the southernmost point on the Moon. It is of interest to scientists because of the occurrence of water ice in permanently shadowed areas around it. The lunar south pole region features craters that are unique in that the near-constant sunlight does not reach their interior. Such craters are cold traps that contain fossil records of hydrogen, water ice, and other volatiles dating from the early Solar System. In contrast, the lunar north pole region exhibits a much lower quantity of similarly sheltered craters.
RTÉ Radio 1
RTÉ Radio 1 is an Irish national radio station owned and operated by RTÉ and is the direct descendant of Dublin radio station 2RN, which began broadcasting on a regular basis on 1 January 1926.

The total budget for the station in 2010 was €18.4 million. It is the most-listened-to radio station in Ireland.

RTÉ News (TV channel)
The RTÉ News channel is an Irish free-to-air news television channel owned and operated by RTÉ. The channel launched as RTÉ News Now available exclusively online on 12 June 2008. The channel began broadcasting as a free-to-air channel on 29 October 2010 on Saorview.

The channel broadcasts free-to-air and commercial-free. It is available in Ireland and globally online, on mobile phones and an iPhone/iPad application is also widely available free. It is operated by RTÉ's department RTÉ News and Current Affairs and broadcasts in the Irish, English and ISL languages.

The channel was rebranded from RTÉ News Now to RTÉ News in August 2020 with minor changes to its programming line-up. As part of the rebrand, the channel is complemented with a new-look app.
Hong Kong Shue Yan University
Hong Kong Shue Yan University (HKSYU or SYU) is a private liberal arts university on North Point, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong.

Founded in 1971 as Hong Kong Shue Yan College (香港樹仁學院) by Henry Hu and Chung Chi-yung, it was unilaterally recognised as the first private university by the order of the Chief Executive on 19 December 2006. According to QS World University Rankings 2025, it ranked #342 in Asia, and #171 in Eastern Asia.

City University of Hong Kong
The City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) is a public university in Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was founded in 1984 as the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong and formally established as the City University of Hong Kong in 1994.

The university currently has ten main schools offering courses in business, science, engineering, liberal arts and social sciences, law, and veterinary medicine, along with the Chow Yei Ching School of Graduate Studies, CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, and Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study.
M20 motorway
The M20 is a motorway in Kent, England. It follows on from the A20 at Swanley, meeting the M25, and continuing on to Folkestone, providing a link to the Channel Tunnel and the ports at Dover. It is 50.6 miles (81.4 km) long. Although not signposted in England, this road is part of the European route E15. It is also used as a holding area for goods traffic when traffic across the English Channel is disrupted, such as Operation Stack and Operation Brock.

West Malling
West Malling (/ˈmɔːlɪŋ/ MAW-ling, historically Town Malling) is a market town in the Tonbridge and Malling district of Kent, England. It has a population of 2,590.

The name Malling derives from the Old English meallaingas meaning 'Mealla's people'.
Kavya Madhavan
Kavya Madhavan (born 19 September 1984), is an Indian actress who acted predominantly in Malayalam films, and a few Tamil films. She made her debut in 1991 as a child artist in Pookkalam Varavayi. Her debut role as one of the lead actresses (the other being Samyuktha Varma) was in Lal Jose's Chandranudikkunna Dikkil in 1999, when she was in the ninth grade. Its success established her status as one of the leading actress in the Malayalam industry during the 2000s. She has since acted in over 75 films. She has won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress twice, for her performances in Perumazhakkalam (2004) and Khaddama (2010).

Vineeth
Vineeth Radhakrishnan (born 23 August 1969) is an Indian actor, Bharatanatyam dancer, voice artist and choreographer who primarily works in Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu language films. He has also appeared in a few Hindi and Kannada films. He has won several awards including 3 Kerala State Film Awards, Kalaimamani honour from Government of Tamil Nadu and Filmfare Award South nominations.
1999–2000 Slovak Cup
The 1999–2000 Slovak Cup was the 31st season of Slovakia's annual knock-out cup competition and the seventh since the independence of Slovakia. It began on 25 July 1999 with the matches of preliminary round and ended on 8 May 2000 with the final. The winners of the competition earned a place in the first round of the UEFA Cup. Slovan Bratislava were the defending champions.

2000–01 Slovak Cup
The 2000–01 Slovak Cup was the 32nd season of Slovakia's annual knock-out cup competition and the eighth since the independence of Slovakia. It began on 25 July 2000 with the matches of preliminary round and ended on 8 May 2001 with the final. The winners of the competition earned a place in the qualifying round of the UEFA Cup. Inter Bratislava were the defending champions.
Russian principalities
The Russian principalities (Russian: русские княжества), also known as the Rus' principalities (Ukrainian: Руські князівства), were polities that became independent following the disintegration of Kievan Rus' in the 12th century as a result of feudal fragmentation. During the 14th century the principalities of Southwestern and Southern Rus' were incorporated by the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. By the late 15th and early 16th century, the remaining Rus' principalities had been united with the Grand Principality of Moscow, leading to the creation of a centralized state. The period between the 12th and 15th centuries is also known as Appanage Russia.

Tsar
Tsar (/zɑːr, (t)sɑːr/; also spelled czar, tzar, or csar; Bulgarian: цар, romanized: tsar; Russian: царь, romanized: tsar'; Serbian: цар, car) is a title historically used by some Slavic monarchs. The term is derived from the Latin word caesar, which was intended to mean emperor in the European medieval sense of the term—a ruler with the same rank as a Roman emperor, holding it by the approval of another emperor or a supreme ecclesiastical official—but was usually considered by Western Europeans to be equivalent to "king".

Tsar and its variants were the official titles in the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018), Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396), the Kingdom of Bulgaria (1908–1946), the Serbian Empire (1346–1371), and the Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721).
The first ruler to adopt the title tsar was Simeon I of Bulgaria. Simeon II, the last tsar of Bulgaria, is the last person to have held this title.