hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1939–1940 Winter Offensive
The 1939–1940 Winter Offensive (Chinese: 冬季攻勢) was a major engagement between the National Revolutionary Army and Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It constitutes the first major counter-offensive on multiple fronts of Chinese forces in the war. Although it failed to achieve its original objectives, later studies have shown that it came as a blow to the Japanese forces. The Japanese military command had not expected the Chinese to be able to launch an offensive operation at such a large scale.

By April 1940, the Japanese army had successfully fought the operation to a halt. However, a Japanese counter-offensive to seize Ningxia failed and was defeated in Suiyuan by Chinese Muslim forces.

Hundred Regiments Offensive
The Hundred Regiments Offensive (Chinese: 百团大战) or the Hundred Regiments Campaign was a tactical campaign initiated by the Eighth Route Army, led by the Chinese Communist Party, against the Japanese invasion in North China from 20 August 1940, to 24 January 1941. The operation was named in recognition of the involvement of 105 regiments and represented the most extensive and protracted offensive by the Eighth Route Army in Japanese-occupied territory since the onset of the countrywide War of Resistance. The campaign aimed at undermining the Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan railway, a significant line under Japanese dominion, and spanned several crucial transportation corridors in North China, occurring in three distinct periods. The operation secured substantial strategic advantages, inflicted a severe setback on Japan's "prison cage policy," elevated national morale, and highlighted the crucial role of the Chinese Communist Party and its military as a cornerstone in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Taxon
In biology, a taxon is a group of one or more populations of an organism, or organisms, as seen by taxonomists to form a biological unit; (taxon: back-formation from taxonomy; pl.: taxa). Although neither is required, a taxon, once its description has become established, is usually known by a particular name and is given a particular ranking.

Zoological specimen
A zoological specimen is an animal or part of an animal preserved for scientific use.
Various uses are: to verify the identity of a (species), to allow study, increase public knowledge of zoology.
Zoological specimens are extremely diverse. Examples are bird and mammal study skins, mounted specimens, skeletal material, casts, pinned insects, dried material, animals preserved in liquid preservatives, and microscope slides.
Natural history museums are repositories of zoological specimens
Luca Filippi
Luca Filippi (born 9 August 1985 in Savigliano, Italy) is an Italian former auto racing driver. He competed in GP2 Series from 2006 to 2012, and the IndyCar Series from 2013 to 2016. In 2008, he was the official Honda Racing F1 test driver.

Simon Pagenaud
Simon Pierre Michel Pagenaud (French pronunciation: [pa.ʒe.no]; born 18 May 1984) is a French former professional racing driver, who last drove the No. 60 Honda for Meyer Shank Racing in the NTT IndyCar Series. After a successful career in sports car racing that saw him taking the top class championship title in the 2010 American Le Mans Series, he moved to the Indycar Series where he became the 2016 IndyCar champion and the 2019 Indianapolis 500 winner, becoming the first driver born in France to win the Indianapolis 500 since Gaston Chevrolet in 1920 and the first polesitter to have won the race since Helio Castroneves in 2009.

Pagenaud won both the 2022 24 Hours of Daytona and 2023 24 Hours of Daytona with Meyer Shank Racing.
Amjad Khan (actor)
Amjad Khan (12 November 1940 – 27 July 1992) was a renowned Indian actor and film director. He worked in over 132 films in a career spanning nearly twenty years. He was the son of the actor Jayant. He gained popularity for villainous roles in mostly Hindi films, the most famous among his enacted roles being Gabbar Singh in the 1975 film Sholay and of Dilawar in Muqaddar Ka Sikandar (1978).

Jeevan (Hindi actor)
Omkar Nath Dhar (24 October 1915 – 10 June 1987), better known by his stage name Jeevan, was an Indian actor. He played the role of Narad Muni in films of the 1950s, a total of 49 times. Later, he played the villain in popular Bollywood films of the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. His son Kiran Kumar (born Deepak Dhar) is also a film and television actor.
Zaharije Orfelin
Zaharije Orfelin (Serbian Cyrillic: Захаријe Орфелин; 1726 – 19 January 1785) was a Serbian polymath who lived and worked in the Habsburg monarchy and Venice. Considered a Renaissance man, he is variously described as a theologist, scientist, poet, engraver, painter, lexicographer, herbalist, oenologist, historian, publisher and translator.

Pavle Julinac
Pavle Julinac (1730–1785) was a Serbian writer, philosopher, historian, traveler, soldier, and diplomat in the Imperial Russian service. Julinac's "A Short Introduction to the History of the Slavo-Serbian People" published in Venice in 1765 was the first historiography on Serbs. Ten years later, Julinac's translation of Marmontel's "Bélisaire" was the first West European literary work in Serbian. The work of Marmontel soon popularized the philosophical ideas of the Enlightenment in Austria among the large Slavo-Serbian population there and in Russia.
Sabah (newspaper)
Sabah is a daily newspaper that began publication in Turkey on 22 April 1985. Its slogan is "Turkey's best newspaper." The newspaper began publishing online in January 1997. The newspaper, which was transferred to the Savings Deposit Insurance Fund (TMSF) in 2007 and subsequently joined the Turkuvaz Media Group, is edited by Erdal Şafak.

Star (Turkish newspaper)
Star (Star Gazetesi) was a high-circulation Turkish newspaper. It was established in 1999 by Star Media Group, drawing on the brand of the group's Star TV channel. At the end of 2019, the newspaper ceased its print publication, announcing it would continue news coverage online.

In 2004 Star was seized by the Turkish government, along with the other assets of the Uzan Group (which owned the Star Media Group). The paper was transferred to the TMSF, and then sold to Ali Özmen Safa in 2006. Ethem Sancak became the sole owner in 2008, having previously become a part-owner with Safa and Hasan Doğan. It is now again part of the Star Media Group, which was acquired by Fettah Tamince and Tevhit Karakaya in 2009/10.

Star's columnists included Şamil Tayyar.
Robert Schwartzman
Robert Coppola Schwartzman (born December 24, 1982), also known as Robert Carmine, is an American filmmaker, actor, musician, and member of the Coppola family. He is best known as the lead vocalist of the rock/pop band Rooney. Schwartzman directed the films Dreamland (2016), The Unicorn (2018), and The Argument (2020), acted in his cousin Sofia Coppola's projects Lick the Star (1998) and The Virgin Suicides (1999), and starred in The Princess Diaries (2001).

Gian-Carlo Coppola
Gian-Carlo Coppola (September 17, 1963 – May 26, 1986) was an American film producer and actor. A child of the Coppola family associated with the film industry, he was the oldest child of Eleanor and Francis Ford Coppola, and elder brother to Roman and Sofia Coppola.
Canterbury Rugby Football Union
The Canterbury Rugby Football Union (which is also referred to as Canterbury or CRFU) is the governing body for rugby union in a portion of the Canterbury region of New Zealand, and runs the Canterbury representative team. The Canterbury team has won the National Provincial Championship, Air New Zealand Cup, and the ITM Cup 14 times including a "six-peat" from 2008 to 2013 – with five in the National Provincial Championship, two in the Air New Zealand Cup, five in the ITM Cup and one in the Mitre 10 Cup. Their most recent victory was the 2017 Mitre 10 Cup. Canterbury also acts as a primary feeder to the Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition.

The union also administers all club rugby within the region, including senior club rugby and school rugby. Canterbury has produced the most All Blacks of any New Zealand region, with Scott Barrett becoming Canterbury's 200th All Black in 2016.

Poverty Bay Rugby Football Union
The Poverty Bay Rugby Football Union is the governing body for rugby union within the Gisborne district, in the area surrounding Poverty Bay on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The men's representative team play from Rugby Park, Gisborne, and currently compete in the Heartland Championship.
Sweden men's national football team
The Sweden men's national football team (Swedish: Sveriges herrlandslag i fotboll) represents Sweden in men's international football and it is controlled by the Swedish Football Association, the governing body of football in Sweden. Sweden's home ground is Nationalarenan in Solna. From 1945 to the late 1950s, they were considered one of the greatest teams in Europe.

Sweden has made twelve appearances at the World Cup with their first coming in 1934. They have also made seven appearances at the European Championship. Sweden finished second at the 1958 FIFA World Cup, which they hosted, and third in both 1950 and 1994. Sweden's other accomplishments also include a gold medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics, and bronze medals in 1924 and 1952. They also reached the semi-finals at UEFA Euro 1992, while hosting the tournament.

Erik Persson (footballer)
Erik "Lillis" Persson (19 November 1909 – 1 February 1989) was a Swedish football forward who played for AIK. He also played for Team Sweden at the 1936 Summer Olympics, and at the 1938 FIFA World Cup in France.

His brother was boxer Harry Persson.
1953 NFL season
The 1953 NFL season was the 34th regular season of the National Football League. The names of the American and National divisions were changed back to the Eastern and Western divisions.

The season ended on December 27 with the NFL Championship Game in which the Detroit Lions defeated the Cleveland Browns for the second year in a row.

Baltimore Colts
The Baltimore Colts were a professional American football team based in Baltimore from 1953 to 1983, when its owner Robert Irsay moved the franchise to Indianapolis. The team was named for Baltimore's history of horse breeding and racing. It was the second incarnation of the Baltimore Colts, the first having played for three years in the All-America Football Conference and one in the National Football League (NFL). The Baltimore Colts played their home games at Memorial Stadium.
André Breton
André Robert Breton (/brəˈtɔːn/; French: [ɑ̃dʁe ʁɔbɛʁ bʁətɔ̃]; 19 February 1896 – 28 September 1966) was a French writer and poet, known as a principal theorist and co-founder of surrealism. His writings include the first Surrealist Manifesto (Manifeste du surréalisme) of 1924, in which he defined surrealism as "pure psychic automatism".

Along with his role as leader of the surrealist movement he is the author of celebrated books such as Nadja and L'Amour fou. Those activities, combined with his critical and theoretical work on writing and the plastic arts, made André Breton a major figure in 20th-century French art and literature.

Philip Lamantia
Philip Lamantia (October 23, 1927 – March 7, 2005) was an American poet, writer and lecturer. His poetry incorporated stylistic experimentation and transgressive themes, and has been regarded as surrealist and visionary, contributing to the literature of the Beat Generation.
Clifford Jordan
Clifford Laconia Jordan (September 2, 1931 – March 27, 1993) was an American jazz tenor saxophone player and composer. Originally from Chicago, Jordan later moved to New York City, where he recorded extensively in addition to touring across both Europe and Africa. He recorded and performed with Art Farmer, Horace Silver, Max Roach, J.J. Johnson, and Kenny Dorham, among others. In later years, performed with Cedar Walton's quartet Eastern Rebellion, and led his own groups, including a big band.

James Moody (saxophonist)
James Moody (March 26, 1925 – December 9, 2010) was an American jazz saxophone and flute player and very occasional vocalist, playing predominantly in the bebop and hard bop styles. The annual James Moody Jazz Festival is held in Newark, New Jersey.

Moody had an unexpected hit with "Moody's Mood for Love", a 1952 song written by Eddie Jefferson, which used as its melody an improvised solo that Moody had played on a 1949 recording of "I'm in the Mood for Love". Moody adopted the song as his own, recording it with Jefferson on his 1956 album Moody's Mood for Love and performing the song regularly in concert, often singing the vocals himself.
Rio Grande Scenic Railroad
The Rio Grande Scenic Railroad (reporting mark RSGR) of Colorado was a heritage railway that operated from 2006 to 2019 in and around the San Luis Valley as a subsidiary of the San Luis and Rio Grande Railroad. The heritage railroad ceased operating excursions following a wildfire that damaged some of their facilities, as well as the parent company SLRG entering Chapter 11 bankruptcy in late 2019.

Iowa Pacific Holdings
Iowa Pacific Holdings was a holding company that owned railroad properties across North America and the United Kingdom, as well as providing services such as railcar repairs, leasing, management and consulting services to other operators. The company was founded in 2001 with its headquarters in Chicago, Illinois.
Luke Brookshier
Brian Darrell "Luke" Brookshier (born August 31, 1971) is an American animator, storyboard artist, screenwriter, and director known for his work on Nickelodeon's SpongeBob SquarePants and he was nominated for an Emmy Award for "Outstanding Animated Program" for writing the SpongeBob SquarePants episode "Wigstruck".
 After SpongeBob, Brookshier went on to work as writer and storyboard artist in the first season of Cartoon Network's Uncle Grandpa. He studied animation at the California Institute of Arts. He was also a storyboard artist for the animated series Kim Possible and worked on the character layout for King of the Hill. He also had one of his shows turned into a Golden Book: Mr FancyPants!. He storyboarded the Gravity Falls episode "The Hand That Rocks the Mabel" and the Wabbit episode "Sun Valley Freeze". He returned to the SpongeBob franchise as a writer in the show’s eleventh season and also helped develop the spin-offs, Kamp Koral  and The Patrick Star Show.

Nate Cash
Nathan Shawn "Nate" Cash is an American writer, artist and director. He was born in Utah, and his most well-known works are SpongeBob SquarePants, Adventure Time, and Over the Garden Wall. In addition to that, he has been nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for "Outstanding Direction in an Animated Program" in 2012.
Superman: The Animated Series
Superman: The Animated Series is an American animated superhero television series, based on the DC Comics character Superman. It was produced by Warner Bros. Television Animation and originally aired on Kids' WB from September 6, 1996, to February 12, 2000. It was the second series in the DC Animated Universe after Batman: The Animated Series, and like its predecessor, it has been acclaimed for its writing, voice acting, maturity, and modernization of the title character's comic-book mythos.

Road Rovers
Road Rovers is an American animated television series created by Tom Ruegger and produced by Warner Bros. Television Animation that premiered on Kids' WB on September 7, 1996, and ended after one season on February 22, 1997. It was later shown on Cartoon Network from February 7, 1998, until 2000.

The show follows the adventures of the Road Rovers, a team of five super-powered crime-fighting anthropomorphic dogs, known as "cano-sapiens". The characters all live with world leaders, including the President of the United States, the British Prime Minister, the Chancellor of Germany, the Swiss President and the President of Russia.
Tecuci
Tecuci (Romanian pronunciation: [teˈkutʃʲ]) is a city in Galați County, Romania, in the historical region of Western Moldavia. It is situated among wooded hills, on the right bank of the Bârlad River, and at the junction of railways from Galați, Bârlad, and Mărășești.

Huși
Huși (Romanian pronunciation: [huʃʲ], Yiddish/Hebrew: הוש/Hush, Hungarian: Huszváros, German: Hussburg) is a city in Vaslui County, Romania, former capital of the disbanded Fălciu County in the historical region of Western Moldavia, Romanian Orthodox episcopal see, and home of some of the best vineyards of Romania. The city is located on a branch of the Iași–Galați railway, fourteen kilometres (9 mi) west of the Prut River and the border with the Republic of Moldova. As of 2021, it had a population of 25,045.
Tazio Nuvolari
Tazio Giorgio Nuvolari (Italian: [ˈtattsjo ˈdʒordʒo nuvoˈlaːri]; 16 November 1892 – 11 August 1953) was an Italian racing driver. He first raced motorcycles and then concentrated on sports cars and Grand Prix racing. Originally of Mantua, he was nicknamed il Mantovano Volante ("the Flying Mantuan") and Nuvola ("Cloud"). His victories—72 major races, 150 in all—included 24 Grands Prix, five Coppa Cianos, two Mille Miglias, two Targa Florios, two RAC Tourist Trophies, a Le Mans 24-hour race, and a European Championship in Grand Prix racing. Ferdinand Porsche called him "the greatest driver of the past, the present, and the future".

Goffredo Zehender
Goffredo 'Freddie' Zehender (Reggio Calabria, Italy, 27 February 1901 - 7 January 1958) was an Italian racing driver.
He started his driving career with Chrysler, then Bugatti and most of his career with Alfa Romeo as works or private driver. He won the 1932
Grand Prix du Comminges with private Alfa Romeo 8C 2300 'Monza'.
From 1934 he raced also for Maserati.
Little Ferry, New Jersey
Little Ferry is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 10,987, an increase of 361 (+3.4%) from the 2010 census count of 10,626, which in turn reflected a decline of 174 (−1.6%) from the 10,800 counted in the 2000 census.

Lodi, New Jersey
Lodi (English pronunciation: /ˈloʊdaɪ/ ⓘ) is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 26,207, an increase of 2,070 (+8.6%) from the 2010 census count of 24,136, which in turn reflected an increase of 165 (+0.7%) from the 23,971 counted in the 2000 census.

Lodi owes its name to the Italian city of Lodi, Lombardy. It was incorporated as a borough on December 22, 1894, from portions of the now-defunct municipalities of Lodi Township (now South Hackensack) and Saddle River Township (now Saddle Brook), at the height of Bergen County's "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, based on the results of a referendum held on the previous day.
Burne Hogarth
Burne Hogarth  (born Spinoza Bernard Ginsburg, December 25, 1911 – January 28, 1996) was an American artist and educator, best known for his work on the Tarzan newspaper comic strip and his series of anatomy books for artists.

Gil Kane
Gil Kane (/ɡɪl keɪn/; born Eli Katz /kæts/, Latvian: Elija Kacs; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American comics artist whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.

Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the superheroes Green Lantern and the Atom for DC Comics, and co-created Iron Fist  and Adam Warlock with Roy Thomas for Marvel Comics. He was involved in the anti-drug storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man #96–98, which, at the behest of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, bucked the then-prevalent Comics Code Authority to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early graphic novel prototype, His Name Is... Savage, in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, Blackmark, in 1971.

In 1997, he was inducted into both the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame and the Harvey Award Jack Kirby Hall of Fame.
Simon Watson-Taylor (landowner)
Simon Watson-Taylor (1811 – 25 December 1902) was a British landowner in Wiltshire and Jamaica, who briefly served as a Liberal Member of Parliament for Devizes between the 1857 election and that of 1859.

George Watson-Taylor
George Watson-Taylor (1771 – 6 June 1841), of was a British-born Jamaican writer, plantation owner, politician and collector. In 1810, he married into the family of the planter Sir John Taylor, 1st Baronet, in time adding the Taylor surname to his own, and becoming the richest planter on Jamaica. He bought a house in Cavendish Square, London, and Erlestoke Park, near Devizes, Wiltshire. As MP for a number of constituencies, where he was brought in without contests, he supported the Tory administration, and campaigned for the retention of slavery.

Watson-Taylor was a renowned fine art collector. His finances later collapsed, and he died on 6 June 1841, in Edinburgh.
William Fox (producer)
Vilmos Fried (German: Wilhelm Fuchs; January 1, 1879 – May 8, 1952), known professionally as William Fox, was a Hungarian-American film industry executive who founded the Fox Film Corporation in 1915 and the Fox West Coast Theatres chain in the 1920s. Although he lost control of his film businesses in 1930, his name was used by 20th Century Fox (now part of The Walt Disney Company) and continues to be used in the trademarks of the present-day Fox Corporation, including the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox News, Fox Sports, and Foxtel.

Tom Mix
Thomas Edwin Mix (born Thomas Hezikiah Mix; January 6, 1880 – October 12, 1940) was an American film actor and the star of many early Western films between 1909 and 1935. He appeared in 291 films, all but nine of which were silent films. He was one of Hollywood's first Western stars and helped define the genre as it emerged in the early days of the cinema.
Friderika Bayer
Friderika Bayer (born 4 October 1971), is a Hungarian singer. She is best known for representing Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest 1994 with the song "Kinek mondjam el vétkeimet?", placing fourth. This remains Hungary's best-ever result in the contest.

András Kállay-Saunders
András Kállay-Saunders (born January 28, 1985), also known as Kállay Saunders, is a Hungarian-American singer, songwriter and record producer. He represented Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark with the song "Running".
David Janssen
David Janssen (born David Harold Meyer; March 27, 1931 – February 13, 1980) was an American film and television actor who is best known for his starring role as Richard Kimble in the television series The Fugitive (1963–1967). Janssen also had the title roles in three other series: Richard Diamond, Private Detective; O'Hara, U.S. Treasury; and Harry O.

In 1996, TV Guide ranked him number 36 on its 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time list.

James Garner
James Scott Garner (né Bumgarner; April 7, 1928 – July 19, 2014) was an American actor. He played leading roles in more than fifty theatrical films, including The Great Escape (1963), The Americanization of Emily (1964), Grand Prix (1966), Support Your Local Sheriff! (1969), Victor/Victoria (1982), and Murphy's Romance (1985), for which he received an Academy Award nomination. He also starred on television in Maverick and The Rockford Files.