hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Man and the Biosphere Programme
The Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1970 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.

MAB engages with the international development agenda, especially the Sustainable Development Goals and the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The MAB programme provides a platform for cooperation in research and development. As of July 2024, 759 sites across 136 countries, including 22 transboundary sites, have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.  The reserves cover more than 5% of the world’s surface and are home to over 260 million people.

Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay (French: Baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron. It is located entirely within the borders of Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. To its northwest is the North Channel.

Georgian Bay is surrounded by (listed clockwise) the districts of Manitoulin, Sudbury, Parry Sound and Muskoka, as well as the more populous counties of Simcoe, Grey and Bruce. The Main Channel separates the Bruce Peninsula from Manitoulin Island and connects Georgian Bay to the rest of Lake Huron. The North Channel, located between Manitoulin Island and the Sudbury District, west of Killarney, was once a popular route for steamships and is now used by a variety of pleasure craft to travel to and from Georgian Bay.

The shores and waterways of Georgian Bay are the traditional domain of the Anishinaabeg First Nations peoples to the north and Huron-Petun (Wyandot) to the south. The bay was thus a major Algonquian-Iroquoian trade route.
Astronomical unit
The astronomical unit (symbol: au or AU) is a unit of length defined to be exactly equal to 149597870700 m. Historically, the astronomical unit was conceived as the average Earth-Sun distance (the average of Earth's aphelion and perihelion), before its modern redefinition in 2012.

The astronomical unit is used primarily for measuring distances within the Solar System or around other stars. It is also a fundamental component in the definition of another unit of astronomical length, the parsec. One au is approximately equivalent to 499 light-seconds.

Puppis
Puppis ("stern") is a constellation in the southern sky. It was originally part of the traditional constellation of Argo Navis (Argo is the ship of Jason and the Argonauts), which was divided into three parts, the other two being Carina (the keel and hull), and Vela (the sails). Puppis is the largest of the three constellations in square degrees. It is one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union.
Uummannaq
Uummannaq is a town on Uummannaq Island in the Avannaata municipality, in central-western Greenland. With 1,407 inhabitants in 2020, it is the eighth-largest town in Greenland, and is home to the country's most northerly ferry terminal. Founded in 1763 as Omenak, the town is a hunting and fishing base, with a canning factory and a marble quarry. In 1932, the Universal Greenland-Filmexpedition with director Arnold Fanck released the film S.O.S. Eisberg near Uummannaq.

Qeqertarsuatsiaat
Qeqertarsuatsiaat, also known by its Danish name Fiskernæs (alternatively Fiskenæsset), is a settlement in the Sermersooq municipality in southwestern Greenland, located on an island off the shores of Labrador Sea. Its population was 169 in 2020.
Bačka
Bačka (Serbian: Бачка, pronounced [bâːtʃkaː]) or Bácska (pronounced [ˈbaːtʃkɒ]), is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary. Most of the area is located within the Vojvodina region in Serbia and Novi Sad, the administrative center of Vojvodina, lies on the border between Bačka and Syrmia. The smaller northern part of the geographical area is located within Bács-Kiskun County in Hungary.

Banat (1941–1944)
The Banat was a political entity established in 1941 after the occupation and partition of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers in the historical Banat region. It was formally under the control of the German puppet Government of National Salvation in Belgrade, which theoretically had limited jurisdiction over all of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia, but all power within the Banat was in the hands of the local minority of ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche). The regional civilian commissioner and head of the ethnic German minority was Josef Lapp. Following the ousting of Axis forces in 1944, this German-ruled region was dissolved and most of its territory was included into Vojvodina, one of the two autonomous provinces of Serbia within the new SFR Yugoslavia. There were plans of creating a bigger South German buffer state which would be controlled by ethnic Germans living in the region, but the Banat was the only part of the plan that was actually accomplished.
G.D. Sagrada Esperança
Grupo Desportivo Sagrada Esperança, usually known as Sagrada Esperança, is an association football club from Dundo, Lunda Norte province, Angola. The club won its first title, the Angolan Cup, in 1988.

The club's name is likely to originate from Angola's first president Agostinho Neto's famous poem Sagrada Esperança (Sacred Hope). The club was founded on December 22, 1976, by then Angola-state owned diamond company Diamang (now Endiama), which remains as its major sponsor.

In 2005, the club, managed by Mário Calado, won the league by having one point ahead ASA. In the same year, the club competed in the 2005 CAF Champions League, but was eliminated in the first round by ASEC Abidjan of Ivory Coast, after a 2–2 draw at home in the first leg and a 1–0 defeat away in the second leg.

Académica Petróleos do Lobito
Académica Petróleos do Lobito, usually known as Académica Lobito, are a football (soccer) club from Lobito, Angola. The club was founded in 1970 as Académica da Chilimba by Mr. Geraldo Guiado and a few associates. In 1981, a sponsorship deal with Angolan state-owned oil company Sonangol resulted in the club's name being changed to the current designation.

They are competing in 2025 in the Girabola. They play their home games at Estádio do Buraco.
New International Version
The New International Version (NIV) is a translation of the Bible into contemporary English. Published by Biblica, the complete NIV was released on October 27, 1978, with a minor revision in 1984 and a major revision in 2011. The NIV relies on recently published critical editions of the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts.

Biblica claims that "the NIV delivers the very best combination of accuracy and readability." Over 450 million printed copies of the translation had been distributed as of March 2013, and over 500 million as of March 2023. The NIV is the best-selling translation in the United States.

Revised Version
The Revised Version (RV) or English Revised Version (ERV) of the Bible is a late-19th-century British revision of the King James Version. It was the first (and remains the only) officially authorised and recognised revision of the King James Version in Great Britain. The work was entrusted to over 50 scholars from various denominations in Great Britain. American scholars were invited to co-operate, by correspondence. Its New Testament was published in 1881, its Old Testament in 1885, and its Apocrypha in 1894. The best known of the translation committee members were Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort; their fiercest critics of that period were John William Burgon, George Washington Moon, and George Saintsbury.
Italians of Croatia
Italians of Croatia are an autochthonous historical national minority recognized by the Constitution of Croatia. As such, they elect a special representative to the Croatian Parliament. There is the Italian Union of Croatia and Slovenia (Croatian: Talijanska Unija, Slovene: Italijanska Unija), which is a Croatian-Slovenian joint organization with its main site in Rijeka, Croatia and its secondary site in Koper, Slovenia.

There are two main groups of Italians in Croatia, based on geographical origin:

Istrian Italians

Dalmatian Italians

Their numbers drastically decreased following the Istrian–Dalmatian exodus (1943–1960). According to the 2021 Croatian census, the Italians of Croatia number 13,763, or 0.36% of the total Croatian population. They mostly reside in the county of Istria. The Italian language is co-officially used in eighteen Croatian municipalities.

2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections
The 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections (Croatian: Izbori za članove vijeća i predstavnike nacionalnih manjina) were held on 7 May in certain regional (counties) and local administrative units (municipalities and towns & cities).
Bossage
Bossage is uncut stone that is laid in place in a building, projecting outward from the building, to later be carved into decorative moldings, capitals, arms, etc.

Bossages are also rustic work, consisting of stones which seem to advance beyond the surface of the building, by reason of indentures, or channels left in the joinings; used chiefly in the corners of buildings, and called rustic quoins. The cavity or indenture may be round, square, chamfered, beveled, diamond-shaped, or enclosed with a cavetto or listel.

Cartouche (design)
A cartouche (also cartouch) is an oval or oblong design with a slightly convex surface, typically edged with ornamental scrollwork. It is used to hold a painted or low-relief design. Since the early 16th century, the cartouche is a scrolling frame device, derived originally from Italian cartuccia. Such cartouches are characteristically stretched, pierced and scrolling.

Another cartouche figures prominently in the 16th-century title page of Giorgio Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, framing a minor vignette with a pierced and scrolling papery cartouche.

The engraved trade card of the London clockmaker Percy Webster shows a vignette of the shop in a scrolling cartouche frame of Rococo design that is composed entirely of scrolling devices.
Terneysky District
Terneysky District (Russian: Терне́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Primorsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the north of the krai and borders with Khabarovsk Krai in the north, the Sea of Japan in the east and southeast, the territory of Dalnegorsk Town Under Krai Jurisdiction in the southwest, and with Krasnoarmeysky and Pozharsky Districts in the west. The area of the district is 27,102.2 square kilometers (10,464.2 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Terney. Population:  12,468 (2010 census); 14,487 (2002 census); 15,273 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Terney accounts for 28.8% of the district's total population.

1989 Soviet census
The 1989 Soviet census (Russian: Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989, lit. '1989 All-Union Census'), conducted between 12 and 19 January of that year, was the final census carried out in the Soviet Union. The census found the total population to be 286,730,819 inhabitants. In 1989, the Soviet Union ranked as the third most populous country in the world, above the United States (with 248,709,873 inhabitants according to the 1990 census), although it was well below China and India.
Jamaica Davis Cup team
The Jamaica National tennis team represents Jamaica in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by Tennis Jamaica.

Jamaica currently compete in the World Group II following their defeat of Estonia during the World Group II Playoffs in February 2023.

Paraguay Davis Cup team
The Paraguay national tennis team represents Paraguay in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Asociación Paraguaya de Tenis.

Paraguay currently compete in Group II of the Americas Zone.  They have played in the World Group on seven occasions, reaching the quarter-finals four times.
Late harvest wine
Late harvest wine is wine made from grapes left on the vine longer than usual. Late harvest is usually an indication of a sweet dessert wine, such as late harvest Riesling. Late harvest grapes are often more similar to raisins, but have been naturally dehydrated while on the vine.

Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot, is a mold that causes grapes to lose nearly all of their water content. Wines made from botrytis-affected grapes are generally very sweet.

Sélection de Grains Nobles
Sélection de Grains Nobles (SGN) is French for "selection of noble berries" and refers to wines made from grapes affected by noble rot. SGN wines are sweet dessert wines with rich, concentrated flavours. Alsace wines were the first to be described as Sélection de Grains Nobles, with the legal definition introduced in 1984, but the term is also seen in some other wine regions France, such as Loire.
John Ireland (composer)
John Nicholson Ireland (13 August 1879 – 12 June 1962) was an English composer and teacher of music. The majority of his output consists of piano miniatures and of songs with piano. His best-known works include the short instrumental or orchestral work "The Holy Boy", a setting of the poem "Sea-Fever" by John Masefield, a formerly much-played Piano Concerto, the hymn tune Love Unknown and the choral motet "Greater Love Hath No Man".

Ernest Bloch
Ernest Bloch (/blɒk/; German: [blɔx]; July 24, 1880 – July 15, 1959) was a Swiss-born American composer. Bloch was a preeminent artist in his day, and left a lasting legacy. He is recognized as one of the greatest Swiss composers in history. Several of his most notable compositions reflect his Jewish heritage. As well as producing musical scores, Bloch had an academic career that culminated in his recognition as Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley in 1952.
Thoroughbred racing
Thoroughbred racing is a sport and industry involving the racing of Thoroughbred horses. It is governed by different national bodies. There are two forms of the sport – flat racing and jump racing, the latter known as National Hunt racing in the UK and steeplechasing in the US. Jump racing can be further divided into hurdling and steeplechasing.

According to The Guardian, the racing of Thoroughbreds has been steadily declining in popularity worldwide. Between 700 and 800 racehorses die in racing each year.

Prince of Wales Stakes
The Prince of Wales Stakes is a Canadian Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Fort Erie Race Track in Fort Erie, Ontario. Restricted to only three-year-old horses bred in Canada, it is contested on dirt over a distance of 1+3⁄16 miles (1.9 km; 9+1⁄2 furlongs). In 1959, the Prince of Wales Stakes became the second race in the Canadian Triple Crown series. It follows the August running of the King's Plate and precedes the Breeders' Stakes in October.

The race was inaugurated in 1929 at the now defunct Thorncliffe Park Raceway in today's Thorncliffe Park neighbourhood of central east Toronto.
Pilis Mountains
Pilis Mountains is a mountainous region in the Transdanubian Mountains.  Its highest peak is Pilis-tető at 756 meters (2,480 ft). It is a popular hiking destination in Hungary.

It is the direct southern neighbour of the Visegrád Mountains which are based on volcanic rocks while Pilis is sedimentary.

Peter, son of Töre
Peter, son of Töre (Hungarian: Töre fia Péter; executed in 1213) was a Hungarian lord who served as judge royal in 1198 during the reign of King Emeric.

He is known for leading a group of Hungarian magnates responsible for the assassination of Gertrude of Merania on 28 September 1213.
Button
A button (/bʌtən/) is a  fastener that joins two pieces of fabric together by slipping through a loop or by sliding through a buttonhole.

In modern clothing and fashion design, buttons are commonly made of plastic but also may be made of metal, wood, or seashell. Buttons can also be used on containers such as wallets and bags. Buttons may be sewn onto garments and similar items exclusively for purposes of ornamentation. In the applied arts and craft, a button can be an example of folk art, studio craft, or even a miniature work of art. In archaeology, a button can be a significant artifact.

Lapel
A lapel (/ləˈpɛl/ lə-PEL) is a folded flap of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat below the collar. It is most commonly found on formal clothing and suit jackets. Usually it is formed by folding over the front edge of the jacket or coat and sewing it to the collar, an extra piece of fabric around the back of the neck.

There are three basic forms of lapel: notched, peaked, and shawl. The notched lapel, the most common, is usually seen on business suits, and on more casual jackets like blazers and sport coats. The peaked lapel is more formal, and nearly always used on double-breasted jackets, but also frequently appears on single breasted ones. The shawl lapel is usually carried by tuxedos and mess jackets.
Ólafía Þórunn Kristinsdóttir
Ólafía Þórunn Kristinsdóttir (born 15 October 1992) is an Icelandic former professional golfer. She was named the Icelandic Sportsperson of the Year in 2017. She was the first golfer from Iceland to participate in the LPGA Tour. In August 2022, she announced her retirement from professional golf.

Sarah Jane Smith (golfer)
Sarah Jane Smith (née Kenyon) (born 8 July 1984) is an Australian professional golfer and LPGA Tour player. She led the 2018 U.S. Women's Open at the halfway point and finished fifth, and was runner-up at the 2014 Kingsmill Championship and the 2016 Lorena Ochoa Invitational.
Tughra
A tughra (Ottoman Turkish: طغرا, romanized: ṭuġrā; Turkish: tuğra) is a calligraphic monogram, seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence. Inspired by the tamgha, it was also carved on his seal and stamped on the coins minted during his reign. Very elaborate decorated versions were created for important documents that were also works of art in the tradition of Ottoman illumination, such as the example of Suleiman the Magnificent in the gallery below.

The tughra was designed at the beginning of the sultan's reign and drawn by the court calligrapher or nişancı on written documents. The first tughra examples are from the 14th century.

Tughras served a purpose similar to the cartouche in ancient Egypt or the Royal Cypher of British monarchs. Every Ottoman sultan had his own individual tughra.

Ottoman Turkish
Ottoman Turkish (لسان عثمانی, Lisân-ı Osmânî, Turkish pronunciation: [liˈsaːnɯ osˈmaːniː]; Turkish: Osmanlıca; Osmanlı Türkçesi) was the standardized register of the Turkish language in the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE). It borrowed extensively, in all aspects, from Persian and Arabic (through Persian). It was written in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Ottoman Turkish was largely unintelligible to rural Turks, who continued to use kaba Türkçe ("raw/vulgar Turkish"; compare Vulgar Latin and Demotic Greek), which used far fewer foreign loanwords and is the basis of the modern standard. The Tanzimât era (1839–1876) saw the application of the term "Ottoman" when referring to the language (لسان عثمانی lisân-ı Osmânî or عثمانلیجه Osmanlıca); Modern Turkish uses the same terms when referring to the language of that era (Osmanlıca and Osmanlı Türkçesi). More generically, the Turkish language was called تركجه Türkçe or تركی Türkî "Turkish".
Matt Bryant
Steven Matt Bryant (born May 29, 1975), nicknamed "Money Matt", is an American former professional football player who was a kicker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Baylor Bears, and was signed as an unrestricted free agent by the AFL's Iowa Barnstormers in 2000. A Pro Bowler with the Atlanta Falcons in 2016, he was also a member of the New York Giants, Frankfurt Galaxy, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Florida Tuskers.

Jason Snelling
Jason Michael Snelling (born December 29, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a running back who spent his entire career with the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Falcons in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played college football for the Virginia Cavaliers.
2019 in Professional Fighters League
This is a list of events and standings for the Professional Fighters League, a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States, for the 2019 season.

Each weight class had 12 fighters, except the women's class which had 8 fighters. Each fighter faced two rivals in the regular season. The top fighters in each weight class (8 in the men's classes, 4 in the women's class) qualified to the playoffs. The season concluded on December 31, 2019 with six championship bouts back-to-back with a $10 million prize pool.

2021 in Professional Fighters League
This is a list of events and standings for the Professional Fighters League, a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States, for the 2021 season.

PFL's 2021 roster included 60 fighters competing across six weight classes. The late additions to the season were the welterweights Gleison Tibau, Alexey Kunchenko and Jason Ponet, featherweights Chris Wade and Anthony Dizy, women’s lightweights Kaitlin Young and Taylor Guardado and light heavyweight Nick Roehrick.
Antillean crested hummingbird
The Antillean crested hummingbird (Orthorhyncus cristatus) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. Its range extends from eastern Puerto Rico throughout the Lesser Antilles; it has also been recorded as a vagrant in Florida, USA.

Lesser Antillean tanager
The lesser Antillean tanager (Stilpnia cucullata) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.
It is found in Grenada and Saint Vincent.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.
Óscar Pereiro
Óscar Pereiro Sío (pronounced [ˈoskaɾ pe'rejro ˈsi.o]; born 3 August 1977) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer. Pereiro was declared the winner of the 2006 Tour de France, after the original winner Floyd Landis was disqualified for failing a doping test after his stage 17 victory. Pereiro is a former member of Porta da Ravessa (2000 to 2001), Phonak Hearing Systems (2002 to 2005), Caisse d'Epargne (2006 to 2009), and the Astana cycling team (2010). After retiring from cycling in 2010, Pereiro joined his local part-time football club Coruxo FC of the Segunda División B.

2008 Tour de France
The 2008 Tour de France was the 95th running of the race. The event took place from 5 to 27 July. Starting in the French city of Brest, the tour entered Italy on the 15th stage and returned to France during the 16th, heading for Paris, its regular final destination, which was reached in the 21st stage. The race was won by Carlos Sastre.

Unlike previous years, time bonuses were no longer awarded for intermediate sprints and for high placement on each stage. This altered the way the General Classification was awarded in comparison to previous seasons.
Christian Rasmussen (racing driver)
Hans Christian Rhod Rasmussen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkʰʁestjæn ˈʁɑsmusn̩, ˈkʰʁæs-]; born 29 June 2000) is a Danish race car driver from Copenhagen. He currently drives full-time for Ed Carpenter Racing in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 21 Chevrolet–Dallara.

2025 IndyCar Series
The 2025 NTT IndyCar Series was the 114th official championship season of American open-wheel racing and the 30th season under IndyCar Series sanction. Its showcase event was the 109th running of the Indianapolis 500, which was won by Chip Ganassi Racing driver Álex Palou for the first time. Palou also entered the season as the back-to-back defending champion and earned a three-peat. He became the first driver to win the Indianapolis 500 and season driver's title in the same year since Dario Franchitti in 2010.