hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Halifax, officially the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), is the capital and most populous municipality of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, and the most populous municipality in Atlantic Canada. It consists of four former municipalities that were amalgamated in 1996: Halifax, Dartmouth, Bedford, and Halifax County.

Halifax is an economic centre of Atlantic Canada, home to a concentration of government offices and private companies. Major employers include the Department of National Defence, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Saint Mary's University, the Halifax Shipyard, various levels of government, and the Port of Halifax. Resource industries found in rural areas of the municipality include agriculture, fishing, mining, forestry, and natural gas extraction. As of 2024, it is estimated that the population of the Halifax CMA was 530,167, with 348,634 people in its urban area.

West Hants Regional Municipality
West Hants, officially named the West Hants Regional Municipality, is a regional municipality in Hants County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

It occupies the western half of Hants County, running from the Minas Basin to the boundary with Halifax County, sharing this boundary with the Municipality of the District of East Hants.

The Municipality of the District of West Hants amalgamated with Windsor on April 1, 2020, becoming the Region of Windsor and West Hants Municipality. It was renamed as West Hants Regional Municipality on October 6, 2020.
New York State Senate
The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature, while the New York State Assembly is its lower house. Established in 1777 by the Constitution of New York, its members are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. There are 63 seats in the Senate. The Democratic Party has held control of the New York State Senate since 2019. The Senate majority leader is Andrea Stewart-Cousins.

New York City's 29th City Council district
New York City's 29th City Council district is one of 51 districts in the New York City Council. It has been represented by Democrat Lynn Schulman since 2022. Schulman succeeded Karen Koslowitz, who was term-limited in 2021.
Australia national rugby union team
The Australia national rugby union team, nicknamed the Wallabies, represents Australia in men's international rugby union. The Wallabies' first test match was played in Sydney in 1899, against the touring British Isles team.

Australia has competed in all ten men's Rugby World Cups, winning the competition twice and finishing as runner-up twice. Australia beat England at Twickenham in the final of the 1991 Rugby World Cup and won again in 1999 defeating France in the final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff.

The Wallabies also compete annually in The Rugby Championship (formerly the Tri-Nations), along with Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa, winning the championship four times.

More than a dozen former Wallabies players have been inducted into the World Rugby Hall of Fame.

1988 Australia rugby union tour of England, Scotland and Italy
The 1988 Australia rugby union tour of England, Scotland and Italy was a series of fifteen matches played by the Australia national rugby union team (the Wallabies) in England, Scotland and Italy (with one match in Wales) from October to December 1988. The Wallabies won eleven of their matches and lost the other four; they lost to England in their first international match but beat Scotland in the second and concluded the tour with a further international win over Italy.
Spain men's national field hockey team
The Spain men's national field hockey team represents Spain in international men's field hockey competitions. It is controlled by the Royal Spanish Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Spain.

Spain has competed in every European Championship or World Cup, and has qualified consistently since 1960 for the Olympic Games. They also have won medals in these three main international competitions: six at European Championships (two-time winners), three at World Cups (two-time finalists) and four at Olympic Games (three silvers and a bronze).

2021–22 Men's FIH Pro League
The 2021–22 Men's FIH Pro League was the third edition of the Men's FIH Pro League, a field hockey championship for men's national teams. The tournament started on 16 October 2021 and finished on 26 June 2022.
Cleveland County, North Carolina
Cleveland County is a county located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the western Piedmont, on the southern border of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,519. Its county seat is Shelby. Cleveland County comprises the Shelby-Kings Mountain, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC Combined Statistical Area.

Caldwell County, North Carolina
Caldwell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,652. Its county seat is Lenoir. Caldwell County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma
Pottawatomie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 72,454. Its county seat is Shawnee.

Pottawatomie County is part of the Shawnee, OK micropolitan statistical area, which is Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma Government in the Oklahoma City–Shawnee, OK combined statistical area.

Prague, Oklahoma
Prague (/ˈpreɪɡ/ PRAYG) is a city in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 2,356 at the 2020 census, a 1.76 percent decrease from the figure of 2,388 in 2010. Czech immigrants founded the city, and named it after the capital of the present-day Czech Republic.
Móra d'Ebre
Móra d'Ebre (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈmoɾa ˈðeβɾe]) is the capital of the comarca of the Ribera d'Ebre in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 5,726 (register office, 2024) .

It is situated on the right bank of the Ebre river in the Móra Hollow, and is served by the N-420 road 
to Reus and Gandesa, the N-230 road to Lleida. The Renfe railway line between Tarragona and Saragossa 
runs along the left bank of the river, with a station at Móra la Nova opposite the urban centre of Móra d'Ebre.

Miravet
Miravet (Catalan pronunciation: [miraˈβet]) is a municipality in the comarca of Ribera d'Ebre in the Province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 688 (register office, 2024) .

The village and the castle was founded by the Moors and  rebuilt by the Knights Templar and transformed into a fortress-monastery, after the conquest of 1153. It is considered to be the largest fortified complex in Catalonia, and one of the best examples of Romanesque, religious and military, architecture of the Templar order in the whole Western world.
Jiang Ziya
Jiang Ziya (fl. 12th century BC – 11th century BC), also known by several other names, was the founding monarch of the Qi state.

He was a military general and strategist who assisted King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou overthrow the Shang dynasty and establish the Zhou dynasty. Following their victory in the Battle of Muye, he continued to serve as a Zhou minister. He remained loyal to the regent Ji Dan (Duke Wen of Zhou) during the Rebellion of the Three Guards; following the Ji Dan's punitive raids against the restive Dongyi, Jiang was enfeoffed with the land of Qi. He established his seat at Yingqiu (in modern-day Linzi, Zibo, Shandong).

He has been worshipped as a war god since the Han and, especially, Tang dynasties. He is also celebrated in Chinese literature, and is one of the main heroes in the Ming-era Investiture of the Gods.

Wu Geng
Wu Geng or Wugeng (Chinese: 武庚 Wǔgēng), a.k.a. 祿父 Lùfù, was an ancient Chinese noble who was the son of King Zhou, the last king of the Shang. After his father executed Bigan by cutting out his heart, Wugeng fled to Feng, the capital of the Zhou state, together with his uncles Weizi and Weizhong to plead King Wu of Zhou for help. Shortly afterward, King Wu attacked the Shang and decisively defeated King Zhou at the Battle of Muye, thus establishing the Zhou dynasty. Wugeng was allowed to stay in Yin, the old Shang capital, and rule it as a princedom and a vassal lord to King Wu.

After King Wu's death and the ascension of his young son King Cheng, Wugeng joined the failed Rebellion of the Three Guards against the regent Duke of Zhou. He in turn was joined by the "Eastern Barbarian" states. The rebellion was defeated in three years by Duke of Zhou, who personally led the Zhou army.
RCD Mallorca
Real Club Deportivo Mallorca, S.A.D. (Spanish: [reˈal ˈkluβ ðepoɾˈtiβo maˈʎoɾka], Catalan: Reial Club Deportiu Mallorca [rəˈjal ˈklub dəpuɾˈtiw məˈʎɔɾkə], Royal Sporting Club Mallorca), commonly known as Real Mallorca or RCD Mallorca, is a Spanish professional football club based in Palma on the island of Mallorca in the Balearic Islands. Founded on 5 March 1916, they currently compete in La Liga, holding home games at the Estadi Mallorca Son Moix with a 23,142-seat capacity.

The club had its peak in the late 1990s and early 2000s, reaching a best-ever third place in La Liga in 1999 and 2001 and winning the Copa del Rey in 2003 following final defeats in 1991, 1998 and 2024. Mallorca also won the 1998 Supercopa de España and reached the 1999 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final.

Mallorca traditionally play in red shirts with black shorts and socks.

2018–19 Copa del Rey
The 2018–19 Copa del Rey was the 117th staging of the Copa del Rey (including two seasons where two rival editions were played). The winners were assured a place in the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League group stage, and both they and the runners-up automatically qualified for the four-team 2020 Supercopa de España.

Barcelona entered the competition as four-time defending champions in an attempt to conquer an unprecedented fifth consecutive title. The Catalans reached the final for the sixth time in a row, but were beaten by Valencia 2–1 who achieved their eighth title overall and the first since 2008.
The Australian
The Australian, including its Saturday edition The Weekend Australian, is a six-days-a-week broadsheet-format newspaper published by News Corp Australia since 14 July 1964. It is one of two Australian daily newspapers distributed nationally. Its readership as of September 2019, of both print and online editions, was 2,394,000. Its editorial line has been self-described over time as centre-right.

Canberra Press Gallery
The Canberra Press Gallery, officially called the Federal Parliamentary Press Gallery, is the name given to the approximately 180 journalists and their support staff, including producers, editors and camera crews, who report the workings of the Australian Parliament. The name derives from the press galleries, which are viewing galleries behind the president of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives respectively that have been allocated to the media.
General Liberation and Development Party
The General Liberation and Development Party (Dutch: Algemene Bevrijdings- en Ontwikkelingspartij, ABOP) is a political party in Suriname, founded and chaired by ex-rebel leader Ronnie Brunswijk in 1990 after several members of the BEP were expelled. The former Vice President of Suriname, Robert Ameerali, is a member of the ABOP.

As a consequence of having originally split from the BEP, ABOP is similarly more popular among the country's Maroon community, especially in interior areas of the country.

In 2020, General Liberation and Development Party formed a coalition government with new president Chan Santokhi's Progressive Reform Party. Leader Ronnie Brunswijk became new Vice President of Suriname.

National Assembly (Suriname)
The National Assembly (Dutch: De Nationale Assemblée, commonly abbreviated "DNA") is the Parliament, representing the legislative branch of government in Suriname. It is a unicameral legislature. The assembly has been situated in the former park house at the Independence Square in Paramaribo, after a fire destroyed the old building of representation on 1 August 1996. A reconstruction of the old building was completed in 2022.

The 51 members of parliament are elected every five years by open list proportional representation on the basis of the country's component districts. The most recent elections were held on 25 May 2025. The current Chairman of the Assembly, Marinus Bee, was appointed on 14 July 2020. Dew Sharman was appointed as Vice Chairman on 29 June 2020.
1996 AFF Championship
The 1996 AFF Championship, sponsored by Asia Pacific Breweries and officially known as the 1996 Tiger Cup, was the inaugural edition of the AFF Championship. It was hosted by Singapore from 1 to 15 September 1996 with all 10 nations of Southeast Asia taking part, four of which were invitees.

2012 AFF Championship
The 2012 AFF Championship, sponsored by Suzuki and officially known as the 2012 AFF Suzuki Cup, was the 9th edition of the AFF Championship, the football championship of Southeast Asia. It was co-hosted for group stage by Malaysia and Thailand and took place from 24 November to 22 December 2012.

Malaysia were the defending champions but were eliminated by Thailand in the semi-finals. Singapore became the first side to win the AFF Championship four times, beating Thailand 3–2 on aggregate in the finals. Singapore coach Radojko Avramović also became the most successful coach in tournament history, adding to his wins in 2004 and 2007.
Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.

Evolutionary radiation
An evolutionary radiation is an increase in taxonomic diversity that is caused by elevated rates of speciation, that may or may not be associated with an increase in morphological disparity. A significantly large and diverse radiation within a relatively short geologic time scale (e.g. a period or epoch) is often referred to as an explosion. Radiations may affect one clade or many, and be rapid or gradual; where they are rapid, and driven by a single lineage's adaptation to their environment, they are termed adaptive radiations.
Capon Lake, West Virginia
Capon Lake is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County of West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle region. Capon Lake is situated between Yellow Spring and Intermont at the junction of West Virginia Route 259 and Capon Springs Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 16) along the Cacapon River. Capon Springs Run empties into the Cacapon here across from the old Capon Lake Whipple Truss Bridge. Capon Lake takes its name from the Cacapon River's lake-like characteristics there. It was a popular picnic spot for tourists and travelers on the Winchester and Western Railroad.

Capon Springs Resort
Capon Springs, also known as Frye's Springs and Watson Town, is a national historic district  in Capon Springs, West Virginia that includes a number of resort buildings ranging in age from the mid-nineteenth century to the early 20th century. The area grew around a mineral spring discovered by Henry Frye in the 1760s, so that by 1787 the town of Watson had been established. By 1850, the 168-room Mountain House Hotel had been built, enduring until it burned in 1911. Also in 1850, the state of Virginia built Greek Revival bath pavilions and the President's House. A period of decline followed the Mountain House fire, but rebuilding began in the 1930s under the ownership of Louis Austin. The resort is still in Austin family ownership.

The resort was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

In 2013, the resort was named West Virginia's Family-Owned Business of the Year.
Song of Solomon (novel)
Song of Solomon is a 1977 novel by American author Toni Morrison, her third to be published. It follows the life of Macon "Milkman" Dead III, an African-American man living in Michigan, from birth to adulthood.

This novel won the National Book Critics Circle Award, was chosen for Oprah Winfrey's popular book club, and was cited by the Swedish Academy in awarding Morrison the 1993 Nobel Prize in Literature. In 1998, the Radcliffe Publishing Course named it the 25th best English-language novel of the 20th century.

Nobel Prize in Literature
The Nobel Prize in Literature, here meaning for Literature (Swedish: Nobelpriset i litteratur), is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction". Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize.

The academy announces the name of the laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895. Literature is traditionally the final award presented at the Nobel Prize ceremony. On some occasions, the award has been postponed to the following year, most recently in 2018.
Íþróttabandalag Akraness
Íþróttabandalag Akraness (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈiːˌθrouhtaˌpantaˌlaɣ ˈaːkraˌnɛs], lit. 'Akranes Sports Union'), commonly known as ÍA, is an Icelandic sports club founded in 1946 and based in the town of Akranes, Iceland. Among the main sports its members can practice are basketball, football, golf, horsemanship, gymnastics, volleyball, bowling, karate, badminton, swimming and powerlifting. The football team plays in yellow shirts and socks, and black shorts.

Knattspyrnufélagið Þróttur
Knattspyrnufélagið Þróttur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌfjɛːˌlaijɪð ˈθrouhtʏr̥], lit. 'Strength Football Club'), also referred to as Þróttur Reykjavík or Throttur, is a professional sports club from Reykjavík in Iceland. The club runs a football department as well as handball, volleyball and tennis departments. The club has enjoyed tremendous success in men's volleyball, winning a total of 14 Icelandic Championships since 1974. The handball department enjoyed great success in the early 1980s, winning its major honour, the Icelandic handball cup, in 1981. Football has been played by the club from start, and is the biggest of the four departments.
Nicki French
Nicola Sharon French (born 26 September 1964) is an English singer. She is best known for her 1995 dance cover version of Bonnie Tyler’s "Total Eclipse of the Heart", which reached the US and UK top 5, and for representing the United Kingdom in the 2000 Eurovision Song Contest in Stockholm.

Marcha
Marcha (born Margaretha Hendrika Maria Groeneveld on 2 July 1956), also known as Marga Bult, is a Dutch singer and television presenter, who has been a member of the groups Tulip, Babe and Dutch Divas and is also known for her participation in the 1987 Eurovision Song Contest.
Pioneer Hi Bred International
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., a subsidiary of Corteva, is a U.S.-based producer of seeds for agriculture. It is a major producer of genetically modified crops with insect and herbicide resistance.

Susie Tompkins Buell
Susie Tompkins Buell (née Russell; born 1943) is an American entrepreneur, businesswoman and a donor to progressive causes. Tompkins Buell co-founded the Esprit clothing and the North Face brand with her first husband, Doug Tompkins whom she met when she picked him up while he was hitchhiking. She is also noted for her close friendship with Bill and Hillary Clinton and her status as a Democratic Party mega-donor.
Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care (Wales)
The Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care (Welsh: Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol) is a cabinet position in the Welsh Government, currently held by Jeremy Miles since September 2024.

The minister is responsible for the running of the National Health Service in Wales, all aspects of public health and health protection in Wales, the Food Standards Agency in Wales, post-graduate medical education and any charges for NHS services.

The position was briefly titled as Cabinet Secretary for Health, Well-being and Sport from 2016 to 2018. Under the Government of the 5th Assembly (2018) the position was renamed to its previous name.

Trefnydd of the Senedd
The Trefnydd, or Leader of the House in English, and formerly Minister for Assembly Business, is a member of the Cabinet in the Welsh Government, who manages the government's business in the Senedd (the Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru; formerly the National Assembly for Wales). The current officeholder is Jane Hutt since March 2024.
Calverley
Calverley is a village in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England, on the A657 road, about ten miles (16 km) from Leeds city centre and four miles (7 km) from Bradford, and lying north of the town of Pudsey. The population of Calverley in 2011 was 4,328. It is part of the City's Calverley and Farsley ward, with a population of 22,594 at the 2011 census.

Stanningley
Stanningley is a district of Pudsey, West Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 5 miles (8 km) west of Leeds city centre on the A647 road, the original main road from Leeds to Bradford. The appropriate Leeds Metropolitan Ward is Bramley and Stanningley. The parish is part of the Anglican Diocese of Leeds.
Torgau
Torgau (German pronunciation: [ˈtɔʁɡaʊ] ⓘ) is a town on the banks of the Elbe in northwestern Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district Nordsachsen.

Outside Germany, the town is best known as where on 25 April 1945, the United States and Soviet Armies first met near the end of World War II.

Bad Düben
Bad Düben (German pronunciation: [ˌbaːt ˈdyːbm̩] ⓘ), until 1948 Düben is a town in the district of Nordsachsen in Saxony in Germany. It is situated at the southern end of the Düben Heath Nature Park (Düben Heath), between the rivers Elbe and Mulde, which runs through the city center.
Madison County, North Carolina
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,193. Its county seat is Marshall. Madison County is part of the Asheville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.

U.S. Route 25 in North Carolina
U.S. Highway 25 (US 25) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs for 75.4 miles (121.3 km) from the South Carolina state line, near Tuxedo, to the Tennessee state line, near Hot Springs. It is part of the longer US 25, which runs from Brunswick, Georgia, to Covington, Ohio. It is a major north–south route through Western North Carolina.

The route is mostly expressway or freeway grade, except for the section through the city of Asheville, where it follows several city streets. Two short sections are cosigned with Interstate 26 (I-26), and the northernmost 28 miles (45 km) are cosigned with US 70. It originally followed the route of the historic Dixie Highway, though, in several places, it bypasses the original route on new alignments, several of which are now signed as either North Carolina Highway 225 (NC 225), NC 251, or US 25 Business (US 25 Bus.).