hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cloud computing
Cloud computing is defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as "a paradigm for enabling network access to a scalable and elastic pool of shareable physical or virtual resources with self-service provisioning and administration on demand". It is commonly referred to as "the cloud".

Eucalyptus (software)
Eucalyptus is a paid and open-source computer software for building Amazon Web Services (AWS)-compatible private and hybrid cloud computing environments, originally developed by the company Eucalyptus Systems. Eucalyptus is an acronym for Elastic Utility Computing Architecture for Linking Your Programs To Useful Systems. Eucalyptus enables pooling compute, storage, and network resources that can be dynamically scaled up or down as application workloads change. Mårten Mickos was the CEO of Eucalyptus. In September 2014, Eucalyptus was acquired by Hewlett-Packard and then maintained by DXC Technology. After DXC stopped developing the product in late 2017, AppScale Systems forked the code and started supporting Eucalyptus customers.
Hugh Dennis
Peter Hugh Dennis FRGS (born 13 February 1962) is an English comedian, presenter, actor, impressionist and writer. He was a panellist in every episode of the original run of Mock the Week from 2005 until 2022, and is one half of the double act Punt and Dennis alongside Steve Punt.

Dennis has also played Dr Piers Crispin in the sitcom My Hero (2000–2006), Pete Brockman in the sitcom Outnumbered (2007–2014, 2016, 2024), Toby in the sitcom Not Going Out (2014–2023), and the Bank Manager in the comedy-drama series Fleabag (2016). He presents the community archaeology television show The Great British Dig (since 2020).

Andy Parsons
Andrew John Parsons (born 30 November 1966) is an English comedian and writer. He regularly appeared on Mock the Week from Series 3 to Series 14. With comedy partner Henry Naylor, he wrote and presented nine series of Parsons and Naylor's Pull-Out Sections for BBC Radio 2.
An Byeong-hun
An Byeong-hun (Korean: 안병훈; born 17 September 1991), also known as Byeong-Hun An or Ben An, is a South Korean professional golfer. In August 2009, he became the youngest-ever winner of the U.S. Amateur.

Patrick Reed
Patrick Nathaniel Reed (born August 5, 1990) is an American professional golfer. He has nine tournament victories on the PGA Tour, including one major championship, the 2018 Masters Tournament, and two World Golf Championships, the 2014 WGC-Cadillac Championship and 2020 WGC-Mexico Championship. In 2022, he joined LIV Golf.

Reed has represented the United States in Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup team competitions. Through his performances in the Ryder Cup, he has acquired the nickname "Captain America".
Brody Malone
John Brody Malone (born January 7, 2000) is an American artistic gymnast. He has been a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team since 2020 and represented the United States at the 2020 and 2024 Olympic Games. He was a member of the bronze medal-winning team at the 2024 Summer Olympics. He is a three-time United States national all-around champion (2021, 2022, and 2024). On horizontal bar, he is the 2022 World Champion, the 2025 World Champion, and the 2021 World Championship bronze medalist. With four Olympic and World Championship medals, Malone is the sixth most decorated U.S. male gymnast of all time. He is also a ten-time NCAA National Champion.

Fuzzy Benas
Aydon "Fuzzy" Benas (born September 25, 2002) is an American artistic gymnast. He is a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and is currently competing for the Oklahoma Sooners men's gymnastics team in NCAA gymnastics.
Ben Curtis (golfer)
Ben Clifford Curtis (born May 26, 1977) is an American professional golfer and four-time winner on the PGA Tour, best known for winning the 2003 Open Championship.

In January 2018, Curtis told Golf Digest that he has stopped playing golf competitively, opting to teach instead.

Tom Lehman
Thomas Edward Lehman (born March 7, 1959) is an American professional golfer. A former #1 ranked golfer, his tournament wins include one major title, the 1996 Open Championship. He is also the only golfer in history to have been awarded the Player of the Year honor on all three PGA Tours: the developmental Ben Hogan Tour, the regular PGA Tour, and the senior PGA Tour Champions.
El Monte, California
El Monte is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city lies in the San Gabriel Valley, east of the city of Los Angeles.

El Monte's slogan is "Welcome to Friendly El Monte" and is historically known as "The End of the Santa Fe Trail". As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 109,450, down from 113,475 at the 2010 census. As of 2020, El Monte was the 66th-most populous city in California.

Los Angeles Metro
The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, branded as Metro, is the agency that plans, operates, and coordinates funding for most of the transportation system in Los Angeles County, California, the most populated county in the United States.

Metro directly operates a large public transit system that includes bus, bus rapid transit, light rail, and rapid transit (subway) services. The agency also provides funding for transit it does not operate, including Metrolink commuter rail, municipal bus operators and paratransit services. The agency also provides funding and directs planning for the Los Angeles freeway system and railroad projects within the county.

In 2025, the Metro system had a total ridership of 305,706,300, and had a ridership of 928,600 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025. It is the largest transit agency by ridership in the state of California, and the second-largest in the United States after the New York City Transit Authority.
Flagship
A flagship is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, characteristically a flag officer entitled by custom to fly a distinguishing flag. Used more loosely, it is the lead ship in a fleet of vessels, typically the first, largest, fastest, most heavily armed, or best known.

Over the years, the term "flagship" has become a metaphor used in industries such as broadcasting, automobiles, education, technology, airlines, and retail to refer to their highest quality, best known, or most expensive products and locations.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
New Jersey Route 32
Route 32 is an arterial state highway in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. The route is a 1.18-mile-long (1.90 km) highway along Forsgate Drive that connects U.S. Route 130 (US 130) in South Brunswick Township and the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95, I-95) at exit 8A in Monroe Township. Despite the short length, it is an important artery that connects not only traffic between the Turnpike and US 130, but traffic to County Route 535 (CR 535). The right-of-way on Forsgate continues eastward as County Route 612 (CR 612). Route 32 was first designated in 1964 along Forsgate Drive and was proposed to become part of Route 92 along its entire alignment.

County Route 522 (New Jersey)
County Route 522 (CR 522) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 21 miles (34 km) from Route 27 in South Brunswick Township to Main Street (CR 537) in Freehold Borough.
No. 211 Squadron RAF
No. 211 Squadron RAF was a squadron in the Royal Air Force active from 1917 to 1919 and from 1937 to 1946. In World War I it operated as a bomber and later a reconnaissance unit on the Western Front. In World War II it operated as a medium bomber unit in the Middle East and Far East and later as a strike fighter unit in the Far East, equipped with, successively, the Bristol Blenheim, the Bristol Beaufighter and de Havilland Mosquito.

No. 45 Squadron RAF
Number 45 Squadron is a flying squadron of the Royal Air Force which was established on 1 March 1916 as part of the Royal Flying Corps. The Squadron currently provides advanced flying training for all of the RAF's Multi-Engine Pilots using the Embraer Phenom T1, and also provides basic and advanced training for all RAF Mission Aircrew and Airborne Specialists (aircrew WSO and WSOPs) using a large array of air and ground-based training devices. The Squadron operates under the command of No. 3 Flying Training School at RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire. The current Officer Commanding 45 Squadron is Wing Commander D W Savage.
Guy Tillim
Guy Tillim (born 1962) is a South African photographer known for his work focusing on troubled regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. A member of the country's white minority, Tillim was born in Johannesburg in 1962. He graduated from the University of Cape Town in 1983, and he also spent time at the Market Photo Workshop in Johannesburg. His photographs and projects have been exhibited internationally and form the basis of several of Tillim's published books.

The website African Success has described him as one of South Africa's "foremost photographers", whilst the Daily Maverick site has referred to him as "arguably SA's finest photographer" after David Goldblatt.

Santu Mofokeng
Santu Mofokeng (October 19, 1956 – January 26, 2020) was a South African news and documentary photographer who worked under the alias Mofokengâ. Mofokeng was a member of the Afrapix collective and won a Prince Claus Award.
Nia Jax
Savelina Fanene (born May 29, 1984) is an Australian-American professional wrestler. She is signed to WWE where she performs on the SmackDown brand under the ring name Nia Jax (/ˈnaɪə/ NYE-yə). She is one-half of the current WWE Women's Tag Team Champions with Lash Legend as "The Irresistible Forces" in their first reign as a team. Individually, it is Jax's third reign.

Fanene signed to WWE in early 2014 and was first assigned to the developmental brand NXT. She debuted in May 2015 under the ring name Zada, which was changed to Nia Jax in August that year. As part of the 2016 WWE Draft, she was promoted to the main roster. Fanene was released from her WWE contract in November 2021, but after a brief appearance at the Royal Rumble in January 2023, she re-signed with the company, making her return in September.

The Kabuki Warriors
The Kabuki Warriors (カブキウォリアーズ, Kabuki Woriāzu) are a Japanese villainous professional wrestling tag team consisting of Asuka and Kairi Sane. They are signed to WWE, where they perform on the Raw brand. They are former three-time WWE Women's Tag Team Champions. As part of the team, Asuka is a former one-time WWE Raw Women's Champion and won the 2020 Women's Money in the Bank.

The team originally formed as faces in April 2019 with Paige as their manager before both of them turned heel and kicked Paige out in October of the same year. Asuka and Sane amicably split up in July 2020 when the latter left WWE to return to Japan. Sane returned to WWE in November 2023 at Crown Jewel and the pair immediately reunited.
Michael Thomas (footballer, born 1967)
Michael Lauriston Thomas (born 24 August 1967) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder from 1986 to 2001.

During his time at Arsenal, he scored a last-minute goal in injury time during the final match of the 1988–89 season, which allowed the club to claim the First Division title over Liverpool. Two years later, Thomas joined Liverpool and scored the club's opening goal in a 2–0 win in the 1992 FA Cup Final. He also had spells at Benfica and Wimbledon before retiring in 2001, after a career that saw him win medals in all of English football's top three domestic football trophies. He was capped twice by England.

Michael now works as a pundit and media personality, writing a column for Just Arsenal, amongst other things.

Steve Bould
Stephen Andrew Bould (born 16 November 1962) is an English football coach and former professional footballer who is currently first team coach of EFL Championship club Queens Park Rangers.

As a player, he was a defender from 1980 until 2000. Bould began his football career with his hometown club Stoke City where he gained a reputation as an impressive young defender. After spending seven seasons with the Potters, and becoming one of English football's most coveted centre backs, he moved to Arsenal in 1988. At Highbury, he formed a formidable back line with Tony Adams, Nigel Winterburn and his former Stoke teammate Lee Dixon. He left the Gunners in 1999 and ended his playing career with Sunderland.

Since his playing career ended, Bould has worked at the successful Arsenal Academy as Head Youth Team Coach at Arsenal. He was promoted to assistant manager at the start of the 2012–13 season, replacing the long serving Pat Rice. He later had a spells as head coach of U23s side.
Voždovac
Voždovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Вождовац, pronounced [ʋǒːʒdoʋats]) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has a population of 174,864 inhabitants.

The municipality is located in the south-central part of the urban area of Belgrade and in the central section of the wider Belgrade City area. It stretches meridionally (north to south) for almost 40 kilometers (25 mi), spreading to the south more than any other
municipality of Belgrade.  Due to its shape, it borders more municipalities than any other: Vračar on the north, Zvezdara on the north-east, Grocka on the east, Sopot on the south, Barajevo on the south-west, Čukarica and Rakovica on the west and Savski Venac on the north-west.

Stari Grad, Belgrade
Stari Grad (Serbian Cyrillic: Стари Град, pronounced [stâːriː ɡrâːd]) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. It encompasses some of the oldest sections of urban Belgrade, thus the name (‘’stari grad’’, Serbian for “old city”). Stari Grad is one of the three municipalities that occupy the very center of Belgrade, together with Savski Venac and Vračar.
El Soberano
El Soberano (Spanish for "the Sovereign"; born August 12, 1993), or Soberano Jr., is a Mexican luchador enmascarado (or masked professional wrestler), who works for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). A third-generation wrestler, he is the son of Euforia and grandson of Pablo Moreno Román, also known under the ring name El Soberano. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.

In his career, he has won the 2013 Torneo Sangre Nueva, the 2017 La Copa Junior Nuevo Valores and 2017 Torneo Gran Alternativa tournaments. He is a one-time CMLL World Middleweight Champion and one-time Mexican National Welterweight Champion. Alongside tag team partner Star Jr. (collectively known as Los Principes del Aire), he has won the masks of Ramstein and Cholo.

Leono
Leono (born September 18, 1982 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican luchador, or professional wrestler currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) portraying a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character. His ring name is the Spanish translation of Lion-O from the ThunderCats cartoon.
Manabu Nakanishi
Manabu Nakanishi (中西 学, Nakanishi Manabu; born January 22, 1967) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler and former amateur wrestler, who was primarily associated with New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). He is a one-time IWGP Heavyweight Champion, one-time G1 Climax winner and three-time IWGP Tag Team Champion.

Nakanishi has always stayed based in Japan, but has wrestled for various other promotions including World Championship Wrestling, All Japan Pro Wrestling, Pro Wrestling Noah and Pro Wrestling Zero1. Nakanishi's career slowly declined after a spinal injury in 2011, but he continued to wrestle for a further nine years, before retiring on February 22, 2020.

In 1992, Nakanishi won bronze in freestyle wrestling at the Asian Championships. Later that year, he competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, and placed eleventh.

Naoya Ogawa
Naoya Ogawa (Japanese: 小川 直也, Ogawa Naoya) (born 31 March 1968) is a Japanese world champion judoka, retired professional wrestler, and mixed martial artist. He won a total of seven medals at the All-Japan Judo Championships (second only behind Yasuhiro Yamashita), and set a record of seven medals at the World Judo Championships. Ogawa won the silver medal in the +95 kg judo weight class at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

Ogawa is also known for his career in professional wrestling, where he primarily worked for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), and took part in one of the promotion's most high-profile feuds of the 1990s with Shinya Hashimoto. Ogawa was also professional wrestling's two-time National Wrestling Alliance World's Heavyweight Champion.
First Battle of Sirte
The First Battle of Sirte was fought between forces of the British Mediterranean Fleet and the Regia Marina (Italian Royal Navy) during the Battle of the Mediterranean in the Second World War. The engagement took place on 17 December 1941, south-east of Malta, in the Gulf of Sirte. The engagement was inconclusive as both forces were protecting convoys and wished to avoid battle.

In the following days, two Royal Navy forces based at Malta ran into Italian minefield T off Tripoli and two British battleships were disabled by Italian Human torpedo during the Raid on Alexandria. By the end of December, the balance of naval power in the Mediterranean had shifted in favour of the Regia Marina.

Operation Halberd
Operation Halberd was a British naval operation that took place on 27 September 1941, during the Second World War. The British were attempting to deliver a convoy from Gibraltar to Malta. The convoy was escorted by several battleships and an aircraft carrier, to deter interference from the Italian surface fleet, while a close escort of cruisers and destroyers provided an anti-aircraft screen.

The Italian fleet sortied after the convoy was detected, but turned back after learning the strength of the escorting force. Air attacks by Italian bombers and fighters damaged several ships, and forced one of the merchant vessels to be scuttled. The rest of the convoy arrived at Malta and discharged their cargo.
American Mathematical Society
The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs.

The society is one of the four parts of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics and a member of the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences.

Michael Aschbacher
Michael George Aschbacher (born April 8, 1944) is an American mathematician best known for his work on finite groups. He was a leading figure in the completion of the classification of finite simple groups in the 1970s and 1980s. It later turned out that the classification was incomplete, because the case of quasithin groups had not been finished. This gap was fixed by Aschbacher and Stephen D. Smith in 2004, in a pair of books comprising about 1300 pages. Aschbacher is currently the Shaler Arthur Hanisch Professor of Mathematics at the California Institute of Technology.
Raymond Scott
Raymond Scott (born Harry Warnow; September 10, 1908 – February 8, 1994) was an American composer, band leader, pianist and record producer. Known best in his time as a composer of production music, Scott is today regarded as an early pioneer of electronica.

Though Scott was never contracted to compose for animation, his music is familiar to millions because Carl Stalling adapted it in over 120 Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies films produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons. His compositions may also be heard in The Ren and Stimpy Show (which uses Scott's recordings in twelve episodes), The Simpsons, Duckman, Animaniacs, The Oblongs, Batfink, Puppetoons, and SpongeBob SquarePants. The only time he composed to accompany animation was three 20-second commercial jingles for County Fair Bread in 1962.

Woody Herman
Woodrow Charles Herman (May 16, 1913 – October 29, 1987) was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, singer, and big band leader. Leading groups called "The Herd", Herman came to prominence in the late 1930s and was active until his death in 1987. His bands often played music that was cutting edge and experimental; their recordings received numerous Grammy nominations with three wins plus a lifetime achievement award for Herman.
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (/ˈlɛsɪŋ/; German: [ˈɡɔthɔlt ˈeːfʁa.ɪm ˈlɛsɪŋ] ⓘ; 22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic, and a representative of the Enlightenment era. His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature. He is widely considered by theatre historians to be the first dramaturg in his role at Abel Seyler's Hamburg National Theatre.

The word Dramaturgy first appears in his work Hamburg Dramaturgy.

Johann Georg Sulzer
Johann Georg Sulzer (German: [ˈzʊltsər]; 16 October 1720 in Winterthur – 27 February 1779 in Berlin) was a Swiss professor of Mathematics, who later on moved on to the field of electricity. He was a Wolffian philosopher and director of the philosophical section of the Berlin Academy of Sciences, and translator of David Hume's An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals into German in 1755.
Arantxa Parra Santonja
Arantxa Parra Santonja (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾantʃa ˈpara sanˈtoŋxa]; born 9 November 1982) is a Spanish former tennis player. She turned professional in 2000 and retired in 2019.

In her career, Parra Santonja won eleven doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She reached career-high rankings of world No. 46 in singles and 22 in doubles.

Angelique Kerber
Angelique Kerber (German: [ʔan.d͡ʒɛˈliːk ˈkɛɐ̯bɐ] ⓘ; born 18 January 1988) is a German former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 34 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2016. Kerber won 14 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including three majors at the 2016 Australian Open, 2016 US Open, and 2018 Wimbledon Championships. She also won a silver medal in women's singles at the 2016 Rio Olympics.

An accomplished left-handed player, Kerber made her professional debut in 2003 and came to prominence by reaching the semifinals of the 2011 US Open as the world No. 92. Kerber first cracked the top 5 in the rankings in 2012 and would eventually become the world No. 1 on 12 September 2016, becoming the 22nd and oldest player to achieve the top ranking for the first time. Following a maternity leave, Kerber retired from the sport after the 2024 Paris Olympics.