hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clostridium
Clostridium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of Clostridium inhabit soils and the intestinal tracts of animals, including humans. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus. It also formerly included an important cause of diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile, which was reclassified into the Clostridioides genus in 2016.

Desulfovibrio
Desulfovibrio is a genus of Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio species are commonly found in aquatic environments with high levels of organic material, as well as in water-logged soils, and form major community members of extreme oligotrophic habitats such as deep granitic fractured rock aquifers. They're also found in the guts of beetles, such as Melolontha melolontha, where they perform sulfate reduction.

High amounts of Desulfovibrio bacteria have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, bacteremia infections, and Parkinson's disease.

Some Desulfovibrio species have in recent years been shown to have bioremediation potential for toxic radionuclides such as uranium by a reductive bioaccumulation process, such as converting highly water-soluble U(VI) to relatively insoluble U(IV) precipitate, thus removing the toxic uranium from contaminated water.
Reid Park Street Circuit
Reid Park Street Circuit, also known as the Townsville Street Circuit, is a semi-permanent street circuit located in Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Opened in 2009, the circuit hosts the Townsville 500 Supercars Championship event every year.

Homebush Street Circuit
The Homebush Street Circuit, also known as the Sydney Olympic Park Street Circuit, was a 3.420 km (2.125 mi) temporary street circuit around the former Olympic precinct at Sydney Olympic Park, Homebush Bay, Australia. The track hosted the Sydney 500 and was used for the first time at the final round of the 2009 V8 Supercar Championship Series. The circuit was used for the final time in December 2016 due to a relocation to Newcastle after it was announced the ANZ stadium precinct would be upgraded and block the track location.
The Tales of Hoffmann
The Tales of Hoffmann (French: Les contes d'Hoffmann) is an opéra fantastique by Jacques Offenbach. The French libretto was written by Jules Barbier, based on three short stories by E. T. A. Hoffmann, who is the protagonist of the story. It was Offenbach's final work; he died in October 1880, four months before the premiere.

Theater an der Wien
The Theater an der Wien is a historic theatre in Vienna located on the Left Wienzeile in the Mariahilf district. Completed in 1801, the theatre has hosted the premieres of many celebrated works of theatre, opera, and symphonic music. Since 2006, it has served primarily as an opera house, hosting its own company.

Although "Wien" is German for "Vienna", the "Wien" in the name of the theatre is actually the name of the Wien River, which once flowed by the theatre site; "an der Wien" means "on the banks of the Wien". In modern times, the river has been covered over in this location and the covered riverbed now houses the Naschmarkt, an open-air market.

The theatre is operated in cooperation with Vereinigte Bühnen Wien (VBW) which also operates the Raimund Theater and the Ronacher.
Laura Siegemund
Laura Natalie Siegemund (born 4 March 1988) is a German professional tennis player.

Siegemund reached her career-high doubles ranking of world No. 4 on 29 January 2024 and has won fourteen doubles titles on the WTA Tour.
She is a three-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2020 US Open in women's doubles with Vera Zvonareva, as well as the 2016 US Open and the 2024 French Open in mixed doubles, partnering Mate Pavić and Édouard Roger-Vasselin respectively. Alongside her major titles, she won the 2023 WTA Finals and the 2022 Miami Open in doubles.

In singles, her career-high ranking is world No. 27, achieved in August 2016, and she has won two WTA titles, at the 2016 Swedish Open and 2017 Stuttgart Open. Siegemund's best Grand Slam result in singles was a quarterfinal appearance at the 2020 French Open and at 2025 Wimbledon. She also reached the same stage at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and has represented Germany in the Billie Jean King Cup since 2017.

Jan Zieliński
Jan Zieliński (Polish: [ˈjan ʑɛˈliɲskʲi]; born 16 November 1996) is a Polish professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has an ATP career-high doubles ranking of world No. 7, which he attained on 19 June 2023. His highest ranking in singles has been No. 769, achieved on 20 September 2021. His best results at Grand Slam events are winning the 2024 Australian Open and the 2024 Wimbledon Championships in mixed doubles with partner Hsieh Su-wei. He also reached the final of the 2023 Australian Open doubles with Hugo Nys.
MAS (motorboat)
Motoscafo armato silurante (torpedo-armed motorboat), alternatively Motoscafo antisommergibili (anti-submarine motorboat) and commonly abbreviated as MAS, was a class of fast torpedo-armed vessels used by the Regia Marina (Italian Royal Navy) during World War I and World War II. Originally, "MAS" referred to motobarca armata SVAN (armed motorboat SVAN), Società Veneziana Automobili Navali (Naval Automobile Society of Venice).

The MAS were petrol-engined planing boats with displacements of 20–30 tonnes (depending on the class), a 10-man crew and armament composed of two torpedoes, heavy machine guns and occasionally a 37 mm or 20 mm cannon.

In the context of the unit title Flottiglia MAS (assault craft flotilla; the most famous of which was the Decima MAS of World War II), the term "MAS" is an acronym for Mezzi d'Assalto (assault craft).

Italian cruiser Marsala
Marsala was a protected cruiser built by the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the 1910s. She was the second and final member of the Nino Bixio class, which were built as scouts for the main Italian fleet. She was equipped with a main battery of six 120-millimeter (4.7 in) guns and had a top speed in excess of 26 knots (48 km/h; 30 mph), but her engines proved to be troublesome in service. Marsala spent World War I based at Brindisi; she was involved in the Battle of the Otranto Straits in May 1917, where she briefly engaged Austro-Hungarian cruisers. Marsala's career was cut short in November 1927 when she was stricken from the naval register and sold for scrap, the result of her unreliable engines and drastic cuts to the naval budget.
Sound+Vision Tour
The Sound+Vision Tour was a 1990 concert tour by the English musician David Bowie that was billed as a greatest hits tour in which Bowie would retire his back catalogue of hit songs from live performance. The tour opened at the Colisée de Québec in Quebec City, Canada on 4 March 1990 before reaching its conclusion at the River Plate Stadium in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 29 September 1990, spanning five continents in seven months. The concert tour surpassed Bowie's previous Serious Moonlight (1983) and Glass Spider (1987) tours' statistics by visiting 27 countries with 108 performances.

Glastonbury 2000
Glastonbury 2000 is a live album by English musician David Bowie. It was recorded during his Sunday night headline slot at the Glastonbury Festival on 25 June 2000, part of his Mini Tour. The album marks the first time the full video and audio of the performance are released, 18 years after it took place. It was shown in its entirety for the first time on BBC2 on 28 June 2020.
Team Picnic–PostNL (women's team)
Team Picnic PostNL is a professional cycling team based in the Netherlands, which competes in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's World Tour. The team is managed by Iwan Spekenbrink. The title sponsors of the team are online supermarket Picnic and the Dutch mail, parcel and e-commerce company PostNL.

Charlotte Kool
Charlotte Kool (born 6 May 1999) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's World Tour Team Fenix–Deceuninck. In October 2020, she rode in the 2020 Three Days of Bruges–De Panne race in Belgium.
Ralph Towner
Ralph Towner (March 1, 1940 – January 18, 2026) was an American multi-instrumentalist, composer, arranger, and bandleader. He played the twelve-string guitar, classical guitar, electric FRAME guitar, piano, synthesizer, percussion, trumpet, and French horn.

Prophet-5
The Prophet-5 is an analog synthesizer manufactured by the American company Sequential. It was designed by Dave Smith and John Bowen in 1977. It was the first polyphonic synthesizer with fully programmable memory.

Before the Prophet-5, synthesizers required users to adjust controls to change sounds, with no guarantee of exactly recreating a sound. Sequential used microprocessors to allow users to recall sounds instantly rather than having to recreate them manually. The Prophet-5 facilitated a move from synthesizers creating unpredictable sounds to producing "a standard package of familiar sounds".: 385

The Prophet-5 became a market leader and was widely used in popular music and film soundtracks. In 1981, Sequential released a 10-voice, double-keyboard version, the Prophet-10. Sequential introduced new versions in 2020, and it has been emulated in software synthesizers and hardware. Sequential also released several further Prophet synthesizers, such as the Prophet '08.
Duodenum
The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption.
The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine.

In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25–38 centimetres (10–15 inches) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum, the middle part of the small intestine. It begins with the duodenal bulb, and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure marked by the  suspensory muscle of duodenum. The duodenum can be divided into four parts: the first (superior), the second (descending), the third (transverse) and the fourth (ascending) parts.

Sigmoid colon
The sigmoid colon (or pelvic colon) is the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 35–40 centimetres (14–16 in) in length. The loop is typically shaped like a Greek letter sigma (ς) or Latin letter S (thus sigma + -oid). This part of the colon normally lies within the pelvis, but due to its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity.
Columbia Records
Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Music Group, an American subsidiary of multinational conglomerate Sony. Founded on January 15, 1889, Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the recorded sound business, and the second major company to produce records. It is one of Sony Music's four flagship record labels, along with Epic Records, former longtime rival RCA Records, and Arista Records. RCA and Arista were originally owned by BMG until Sony's acquisition at the end of their merger in 2008.

Johnny Duncan (country singer)
John Richard Duncan (October 5, 1938 – August 14, 2006) was an American country music singer-songwriter, best known for a string of hits in the mid- to late 1970s. In his career, he released 14 studio albums, including thirteen on Columbia Records. These albums produced more than 30 chart singles, with three of those reaching number one: "Thinkin' of a Rendezvous", "It Couldn't Have Been Any Better", and "She Can Put Her Shoes Under my Bed (Anytime)" from 1976, 1977, and 1978, respectively. Seven more of his singles were top-10 hits.
Gascoyne
The Gascoyne region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the northwest of Western Australia, and consists of the local government areas of Carnarvon, Exmouth, Shark Bay and Upper Gascoyne. The Gascoyne has about 600 kilometres (370 mi) of Indian Ocean coastline; extends inland about 500 kilometres (310 mi); and has an area of 135,073.8 square kilometres (52,152.3 sq mi), including islands.

Pastoral lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
Hypseus
In Greek mythology, the name Hypseus (/ˈhɪpsiəs/; Ancient Greek: Ὑψεύς "one on high", derived from hypsos "height") may refer to:

Hypseus, a king of the Lapiths and son of the river god Peneus either by (1) the naiad Creusa, daughter of Gaia; (2) Philyra, daughter of Asopus or (3) Naïs. By the naiad Chlidanope he had four daughters: Cyrene, Themisto, Alcaea and Astyagyia.

Hypseus, who fought on Phineus' side against Perseus, killed Prothoenor but was himself slain by Perseus.

Hypseus, son of Asopus, who fought in the war of the Seven against Thebes. He killed a number of opponents, including Antiphōs, Astyages, Linus, and Tages, and was himself slain by Capaneus.

Lapiths
The Lapiths (/ˈlæpɪθs/; Ancient Greek: Λαπίθαι, Lapithai, sing. Λαπίθης) were a group of legendary people in Greek mythology, who lived in Thessaly in the valley of the Pineios and on the mountain Pelion. They were believed to have descended from the mythical Lapithes, brother of Centaurus, with the two heroes giving their names to the races of the Lapiths and the centaurs respectively. The Lapiths are best known for their involvement in the Centauromachy (Ancient Greek: Κενταυρομαχία, romanized: Kentauromachía), a mythical fight that broke out between them and the centaurs during Pirithous and Hippodamia's wedding.
Chheskam
Chheskam  is a village development committee in Solukhumbu District in the Sagarmatha Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2824 people living in 641 individual households.

It is located in the Hongu valley.

Gudel
Gudel is a village development committee in Solukhumbu District in the Sagarmatha Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,489 in 712 individual households. The people are part of the Kulung culture.

The village is the home of Mauli Dhan who was featured in a set of videos and an article for National Geographic as the ""Last Honey Hunter", the last to maintain the traditional practice of dangerously retrieving hallucinogenic honey from hives on the walls of local cliffs.

Gudel is not well-connected with roads and transport.
No. 656 Squadron AAC
656 Squadron AAC is a squadron of the British Army Air Corps (AAC). It was chosen as one of the new AAC AgustaWestland Apache squadrons and in April 2004 started its conversion. The first phase was completed in October 2004. The squadron was the first operational Apache squadron in the Army Air Corps and was awarded fully operational status along with the remainder of 9 Regiment AAC in June 2005. It is under 4 Regiment AAC as of 2007.

It was formerly No. 656 Squadron RAF, an air observation post unit of the Royal Air Force in India and Burma during the Second World War and afterwards in British Malaya. Numbers 651 to 663 Squadron of the RAF were air observation post units working closely with British Army units in artillery spotting and liaison. Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with the formation of the Army Air Corps on 1 September 1957 With this it became 656 Light Aircraft Squadron Army Air Corps.

No. 653 Squadron AAC
653 Squadron AAC is a squadron of the British Army's Army Air Corps (AAC). It traces much of its history to No. 653 Squadron Royal Air Force, an air observation post squadron active from 20 June 1942 to 15 September 1945, during and after the Second World War. These units spotted targets for the British Army and flew liaison tasks.

Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with the formation of the Army Air Corps on 1 September 1957.
Old Turkic
Old Turkic, also known as East Old Turkic, was a Siberian Turkic language spoken around East Turkistan and Mongolia. It was first discovered in inscriptions originating from the Second Turkic Khaganate, and later the Uyghur Khaganate, making it the earliest attested Common Turkic language. In terms of the datability of extant written sources, the period of Old Turkic can be dated from slightly before 720 AD to the Mongol invasions of the 13th century.

Xueyantuo
The Xueyantuo or Sir Tardush were an ancient Turkic tribe from the Tiele confederation and a khaganate in Northeast Asia who were at one point vassals of the Göktürks, later aligning with the Tang dynasty against the Eastern Turkic Khaganate.
Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.

Ścinawa
Ścinawa (Polish pronunciation: [ɕt͡ɕiˈnava] ⓘ; German: Steinau an der Oder) is a town and municipality on the Oder river in the Lower Silesian region of Poland. The Ścinawa train station is a key gateway for travel throughout the region, connecting major destinations such as Wrocław and Głogów. As of 2019, the town's population is 5,582. It is part of Lubin County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and is the seat of the municipality called Gmina Ścinawa.
The Dick Cavett Show
The Dick Cavett Show is the title of several talk shows hosted by Dick Cavett on various television networks, including:

ABC daytime, (March 4, 1968 – January 24, 1969) originally titled This Morning

ABC prime time, Tuesdays, Wednesdays & Fridays (May 26 – September 19, 1969)

ABC late night (December 29, 1969 – January 1, 1975)

CBS prime time, Saturdays (August 16 – September 6, 1975; this version was actually more of a variety show)

PBS, early evenings, weeknights (October 10, 1977 – October 8, 1982)

USA Network prime time (September 30, 1985 – September 23, 1986)

ABC late night, Tuesdays & Wednesday nights (September 22 – December 30, 1986)

CNBC (April 17, 1989 – January 26, 1996)

TCM (2006–2007)

Cavett normally taped his programs in New York City, though occasionally he would venture elsewhere, including Los Angeles, New Orleans and London.

The Steve Allen Show
The Steve Allen Show is an American variety show hosted by Steve Allen from June 1956 to June 1960 on NBC, from September 1961 to December 1961 on ABC, and in first-run syndication from 1962 to 1964.

The first three seasons aired on Sunday nights at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time, directly opposite The Ed Sullivan Show. It moved to Mondays at 10:00 p.m. Eastern in the 1959–60 season under the name The Steve Allen Plymouth Show (sponsored by Plymouth automobile). After a season's absence, the series briefly returned on Wednesdays at 7:30 p.m. Eastern.

The syndicated version aired mostly in late nights. The program, between September 1957 and June 1960, became one of the first programs to be telecast in "compatible color". Kinescopes of the NBC version were later edited into 104 half-hour episodes and rerun on the "HA!" channel and Comedy Central in the early 1990s, with new introductions by Allen.
Columbia Journalism Review
The Columbia Journalism Review (CJR) is a biannual magazine for professional journalists that has been published by the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism since 1961. Its original purpose was "to assess the performance of journalism in all its forms, to call attention to its shortcomings and strengths, and to help define—or redefine—standards of honest, responsible service." The CJR's contents include news and media industry trends, analysis, professional ethics, and stories behind news.

In 2015, the CJR announced that the publishing frequency of the print magazine was being reduced from six to two issues per year in order to focus on its digital operations.

GQ
GQ (short for Gentlemen's Quarterly and previously known as Apparel Arts) is an international monthly men's fashion magazine based in New York City and founded in 1931. The publication focuses on fashion, style, and culture for men, though articles on food, movies, fitness, sex, music, travel, celebrities' sports, technology, and books are also featured.
Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR, also known as the S&D, S&DR or SDJR), was an English railway line jointly owned by the Midland Railway (MR) and the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) that grew to connect Bath (in north-east Somerset) and Bournemouth (then in Hampshire; now in south-east Dorset), with a branch in Somerset from Evercreech Junction to Burnham-on-Sea and Bridgwater. Strictly speaking, its main line only ran from Bath Junction to Broadstone, as the Bath to Bath Junction section was wholly owned by the MR and the Broadstone to Bournemouth section was owned by the LSWR.

Brought under joint ownership in 1876, the S&DJR was used for freight and local passenger traffic over the Mendip Hills, and for weekend holiday traffic to Bournemouth. Criticised as the "Slow and Dirty" or the "Slow and Doubtful", it closed in 1966 as part of the Beeching axe despite protests from the local community.

Wimborne railway station
Wimborne was a railway station in Wimborne Minster in the county of Dorset in England. Open from 1 June 1847 to 2 May 1977, it was sited just north of the River Stour in what is still Station Road. Built for the Southampton and Dorchester Railway, the station was operated from the start by the London and South Western Railway, which took over ownership in 1848. It was later operated by the Southern Railway from 1923 to 1947 and, from 1948, by the Southern Region of British Railways, which traded as British Rail from 1965.
Peter Churchill
Peter Morland Churchill, DSO Croix de Guerre (14 January 1909 – 1 May 1972) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) officer in France during the Second World War. His wartime operations, which resulted in his capture and imprisonment in German concentration camps and his subsequent marriage to fellow SOE officer Odette Sansom, received considerable attention after the war, including a 1950 film.

On 29th December 2024 he was inducted into the Spengler Cup Ice Hockey Hall of Fame in Davos, Switzerland, in recognition of his exceptional ice hockey playing in the 1930s and will be represented in the ice hockey museum there.

Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military award of the United Kingdom, as well as formerly throughout the Commonwealth, awarded for operational gallantry for highly successful command and leadership during active operations, typically in actual combat.

Equal in British precedence of military decorations to the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross and Royal Red Cross, since 1993 the DSO is eligible to all ranks awarded specifically for "highly successful command and leadership during active operations".
Texas Stars
The Texas Stars are a professional ice hockey team based in Cedar Park, Texas. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Dallas Stars. They play their homes games at the H-E-B Center.

Ontario Reign
The Ontario Reign are a professional ice hockey team based in Ontario, California. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's Los Angeles Kings. The team plays its home games at the Toyota Arena.

The franchise is a relocation of the former Manchester Monarchs AHL franchise when several other franchises created a Pacific Division in 2015. The team is owned by the Anschutz Entertainment Group. The Reign replaced the ECHL team of the same name, which played from 2008 until 2015, after which they moved to Manchester, New Hampshire, to play as the Manchester Monarchs.