hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire
The revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire took place from March 1848 to November 1849. Much of the revolutionary activity had a nationalist character: the Austrian Empire, ruled from Vienna, included ethnic Germans, Hungarians, Poles, Bohemians (Czechs), Ruthenians (Ukrainians), Slovenes, Slovaks, Romanians, Croats, Italians, and Serbs; all of whom attempted in the course of the revolution to either achieve autonomy, independence, or even hegemony over other nationalities. The nationalist picture was further complicated by the simultaneous events in the German states, which moved toward greater German national unity.

Besides these nationalists, liberal and socialist currents resisted the Empire's longstanding conservatism.

Józef Bem
Józef Zachariasz Bem (Hungarian: Bem József, Turkish: Murad Paşa; 14 March 1794 – 10 December 1850) was a Polish engineer and general, an Ottoman pasha and a national hero of Poland and Hungary, and a figure intertwined with other European patriotic movements. Like Tadeusz Kościuszko (who fought in the American War of Independence) and Jan Henryk Dąbrowski (who fought alongside Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy and in the French Invasion of Russia), Bem fought outside Poland's borders anywhere his leadership and military skills were needed.
Heard County, Georgia
Heard County is a county located in the West Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. At the 2020 census, the population was 11,412, down from 11,834 in 2010. The county seat is Franklin. The county was created on December 22, 1830.

Heard County is included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell MSA.

Chattooga County, Georgia
Chattooga County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,965. The county seat is Summerville. The county was created on December 28, 1838. Chattooga County comprises the Summerville, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Rome-Summerville Combined Statistical Area. Summerville is the site of the Chattooga County Courthouse. The county is home to several properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
RAF Bruggen
Royal Air Force Brüggen, more commonly known as RAF Brüggen, (IATA: BGN, ICAO: EDUR) in Germany was a Royal Air Force station until 15 June 2001.  It was situated next to the village of Elmpt, approximately 43 kilometres (27 mi) west of Düsseldorf on the Dutch–German border. The base was named after the village of Brüggen, the nearest rail depot. Construction began in mid-1952, which involved the clearing of forest and draining of marshland. The station became active in 1953 during the rapid expansion of NATO forces in Europe.
The main paint shop situated next to the main runway was responsible for the surface finishing of all aircraft, ground equipment and RAF Regiment Rapier missile systems. In 2002, it was handed over to the British Army and renamed Javelin Barracks.

RAF Rheindahlen
The former Royal Air Force Rheindahlen, more commonly known as RAF Rheindahlen, was a non-flying Royal Air Force (RAF) military administrative base, becoming part of the Rheindahlen Military Complex (JHQ Rheindahlen) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; collectively a part of British Forces Germany (BFG).  The Royal Air Force station was named after the nearby town and railway station of Rheindahlen.  In the 1950s and 1960s, it was more commonly referred to as RAF Mönchengladbach; due to Rheindahlen being the Army's name for the same JHQ.  It was unusual in that the RAF station land was publicly accessible, with public transport routes, and even German civilian mail service (Rheindahlen 2).
2023 EuroLeague Final Four
The 2023 EuroLeague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2022–23 EuroLeague season, the 66th season of Europe's premier club basketball tournament, and the 23rd season since it was first organised by Euroleague Basketball. It was the 36th Final Four of the modern EuroLeague Final Four era (1988–present), and the 38th time overall that the competition has concluded with a final four format. Euroleague Basketball announced that the Final Four would be played at the Žalgirio Arena in Kaunas, Lithuania, on 19–21 May 2023.

Real Madrid won a record-extending 11th title in a thrilling final against Olympiacos.

2024 EuroLeague Final Four
The 2024 EuroLeague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2023–24 EuroLeague season, the 67th season of Europe's premier club basketball tournament, and the 24th season since it was first organised by Euroleague Basketball. It is the 37th Final Four of the modern EuroLeague Final Four era (1988–present), and the 39th time overall that the competition will conclude with a final four format. Euroleague Basketball announced that the Final Four would be played at the Uber Arena in Berlin, Germany, on 24–26 May 2024.

In the championship game, Panathinaikos AKTOR dethroned Real Madrid, winning their 7th title and returning to European glory after thirteen years.
2010 Russian census
The 2010 Russian census (Russian: Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2010 го́да) was the second census of the Russian Federation population after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Preparations for the census began in 2007 and it took place between October 14 and October 25.

Arkhangelsky District
Arkhangelsky District (Russian: Арха́нгельский райо́н; Bashkir: Архангел районы, Arxangel rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 2,422 square kilometers (935 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Arkhangelskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,514, with the population of Arkhangelskoye accounting for 31.4% of that number.
Tetraplegia
Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is defined as the dysfunction or loss of motor and/or sensory function in the cervical area of the spinal cord. A loss of motor function can present as either weakness or paralysis leading to partial or total loss of function in the arms, legs, trunk, and pelvis (paraplegia is similar but affects the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral segments of the spinal cord, and arm function is retained). The paralysis may be flaccid or spastic. A loss of sensory function can present as an impairment or complete inability to sense light touch, pressure, heat, pinprick/pain, and proprioception. In these types of spinal cord injury, it is common to have a loss of both sensation and motor control.

Ventilator
A ventilator is a type of breathing apparatus, a class of medical technology that provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs, to deliver breaths to a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently. Ventilators may be computerized microprocessor-controlled machines, but patients can also be ventilated with a simple, hand-operated bag valve mask.  Ventilators are chiefly used in intensive-care medicine, home care, and emergency medicine (as standalone units) and in anesthesiology (as a component of an anesthesia machine).

Ventilators are sometimes called "respirators", a term commonly used for them in the 1950s (particularly the "Bird respirator"). However, contemporary medical terminology uses the word "respirator" to refer to a face-mask that protects wearers against hazardous airborne substances.
Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.

San Miguel, Bulacan
San Miguel, officially the Municipality of San Miguel (Tagalog: Bayan ng San Miguel, Kapampangan: Balen ning San Miguel),  is a  municipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 179,792 people.
2019–20 Hong Kong Senior Shield
2019–20 Hong Kong Senior Shield was the 118th season of the Hong Kong Senior Shield. 10 teams entered this edition, with two matches being played in the first round before the quarter-finals stage. The competition was only open to teams that played in the 2019–20 Hong Kong Premier League.

The champions received HK$150,000 in prize money while the runners up received HK$50,000. The MVP of the final received a HK$10,000 bonus.

The final of the Senior Shield was originally held on 9 February 2020, but was postponed to 2 October 2020 and was played behind closed doors due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Hong Kong.

Kitchee were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the quarter-finals. Eastern became the champions for the 11th time after beating Lee Man in the final.

2024–25 Hong Kong Senior Shield
2024–25 Hong Kong Senior Shield was the 121st season of the Hong Kong Senior Shield. Nine teams entered this edition, with one match being played in the first round before the quarter-finals stage. The competition was only open to teams that played in the 2024–25 Hong Kong Premier League.

The champions received HK$150,000 in prize money while the runners up received HK$50,000. The best player of the final received a HK$10,000 bonus. In addition, the two losing teams in semi-finals received HK$20,000 while the remaining teams received HK$5,000.

Kitchee were the defending champions but were eliminated in the semi-finals. Eastern became the champions for the 12th time after beating Lee Man in the final.
Evje og Hornnes
Evje og Hornnes is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Evje. Other villages in the municipality include Åneland, Dåsnesmoen, Flatebygd, Gautestad, Hornnes, Kjetså, and Øvre Dåsvatn. Evje og Hornnes was created as a new municipality on 1 January 1960 after the merger of the two older municipalities of Evje and Hornnes. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs north–south through the municipality, along the river Otra.

The 587-square-kilometre (227 sq mi) municipality is the 191st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Evje og Hornnes is the 204th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,904. The municipality's population density is 7.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has increased by 9.8% over the previous 10-year period.

Administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county seat or town, or the place where the central administration of a commune or equivalent subdivision, is located.

In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a chef-lieu (French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø], pl. chefs-lieux, lit. 'chief place'  or 'main place') is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective.
Caboolture, Queensland
Caboolture (/kəˈbʊltʃər/) is a town and suburb in the City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is located on the northern side of the Caboolture River. In the 2021 census, the suburb of Caboolture had a population of 29,534 people.

Gubbi Gubbi language
Gubbi Gubbi, also spelt Kabi Kabi, is a language of Queensland in Australia, formerly spoken by the Kabi Kabi people of South-east Queensland. The main dialect, Gubbi Gubbi, is extinct, but there are still 24 people with knowledge of the Butchulla dialect (also spelt Batjala, Batyala, Badjala, and variants), a language spoken by the Butchulla people of K'gari (Fraser Island).
Control Data Corporation
Control Data Corporation (CDC) was a mainframe and supercomputer company that in the 1960s was one of the nine major U.S. computer companies, which group included IBM, Burroughs Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), NCR Corporation (NCR), General Electric, Honeywell, RCA, and UNIVAC. For most of the 1960s, the strength of CDC was the work of the electrical engineer Seymour Cray who developed a series of fast computers, then considered the fastest computing machines in the world; in the 1970s, Cray left the Control Data Corporation and founded Cray Research (CRI) to design and make supercomputers. In 1988, after much financial loss, the Control Data Corporation began withdrawing from making computers and sold the affiliated companies of CDC; in 1992, CDC established Control Data Systems, Inc. The remaining affiliate companies of CDC do business as the software company Dayforce.

Floating point operations per second
Floating point operations per second (FLOPS, flops or flop/s) is a measure of computer performance in computing, useful in fields of scientific computations that require floating-point calculations.

For such cases, it is a more accurate measure than instructions per second.
Maples Pavilion
Maples Pavilion is a 7,233-seat multi-purpose arena on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California. Opened in 1969, Maples underwent a $30 million renovation in March 2004 and reopened ahead of schedule, in time for conference play that December. It was named after its principal donor, Roscoe Maples.

Memorial Coliseum (University of Kentucky)
Memorial Coliseum, coloquailly known as "The House That Rupp Built" and "Historic Memorial Coliseum", is a 6,250-seat multi-purpose arena in Lexington, Kentucky. The facility, which opened in 1950, is home to four women's teams at the University of Kentucky – basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, and stunt. Before Rupp Arena opened in 1976, it also housed the men's basketball team. Memorial Coliseum also housed the university's swimming and diving team prior to the 1989 completion of the Lancaster Aquatics Center.
1955
1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1955th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 955th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 55th  year of the 20th century, and the  6th   year of the 1950s decade.

1933
1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1933rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 933rd  year of the 2nd millennium, the 33rd  year of the 20th century, and the  4th   year of the 1930s decade.
Campo de' Fiori
Campo de' Fiori (Italian: [ˈkampo de ˈfjoːri], lit. 'Field of Flowers') is a rectangular square south of Piazza Navona in Rome, Italy, at the border between the rioni Parione and Regola. It is diagonally southeast of the Palazzo della Cancelleria and one block northeast of the Palazzo Farnese. The name dates to the Middle Ages when the area was a meadow.

Maria Spinola
Maria Spinola (died 5 July 1659, Rome) was an Italian poisoner. She was one of the central figures of the infamous Spana Prosecution, one of only six to be executed among over forty people to be implicated.
Strabane
Strabane (/strəˈbæn/; from Irish An Srath Bán, meaning 'the white river-holm') is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.

Strabane had a population of 13,507 at the 2021 census. It lies on the east bank of the River Foyle. It is roughly midway from Omagh, Derry and Letterkenny. The River Foyle marks the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. On the other side of the river (across Lifford Bridge) is the smaller town of Lifford, which is the county town of Donegal. The River Mourne flows through the centre of the town and meets the Finn to form the Foyle River. A large hill named Knockavoe, which marks the beginning of the Sperrin Mountains, forms the backdrop to the town.

Newtownstewart
Newtownstewart is a village and townland of 540 acres (219 ha) in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is overlooked by hills called Bessy Bell and Mary Gray and lies on the River Strule below the confluence with its tributary the Owenkillew. It is situated in the historic barony of Strabane Lower and the civil parish of Ardstraw. In the 2021 census it had a population of 1,414 people. It lies within the Derry City and Strabane District Council area.
Monmouth, Illinois
Monmouth is a city in and the county seat of Warren County, Illinois, United States. The population was 8,902 at the 2020 census, down from 9,444 in 2010. It is the home of Monmouth College.

Local parks and insitutions located within Monmouth include Monmouth Park, Harmon Park, North Park, Warfield Park, West Park, South Park, Garwood Park, Buster White Park and the Citizens Lake & Campground. It is the host of the Prime Beef festival, held annually the week after Labor Day. The festival is kicked off with one of the largest parades in Western Illinois. Monmouth is also known regionally as the "Maple City". It is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area.

U.S. Route 67
U.S. Route 67 is a major north–south U.S. highway which extends for 1,560 miles (2,511 km) in the Central United States. The southern terminus of the route is at the United States-Mexico border in Presidio, Texas, where it continues south as Mexican Federal Highway 16 upon crossing the Rio Grande. The northern terminus is at U.S. Route 52 in Sabula, Iowa. US 67 crosses the Mississippi River twice along its routing. The first crossing is at West Alton, Missouri, where US 67 uses the Clark Bridge to reach Alton, Illinois. About 240 miles (390 km) to the north, US 67 crosses the river again at the Rock Island Centennial Bridge between Rock Island, Illinois, and Davenport, Iowa. Additionally, the route crosses the Missouri River via the Lewis Bridge a few miles southwest of the Clark Bridge.
1984–85 National Hurling League
The 1984–85 National Hurling League was the 54th season of the National Hurling League (NHL), an annual hurling competition for the GAA county teams. It was won by Limerick for the second year in a row.

1991–92 National Hurling League
The 1991–92 National Hurling League was the 61st season of the National Hurling League, the top leagues for inter-county hurling teams, since its establishment in 1925. The fixtures were announced on 28 November 2006. The season began on 20 October 1991 and concluded on 10 May 1992.
Rallying
Rallying is a wide-ranging form of motorsport with various competitive motoring elements such as speed tests (sometimes called "rally racing" in United States), navigation tests, or the ability to reach waypoints or a destination at a prescribed time or average speed. Rallies may be short in the form of trials at a single venue, or several thousand miles long in an extreme endurance rally.

Depending on the format, rallies may be organised on private or public roads, open or closed to traffic, or off-road in the form of cross country or rally-raid. Competitors can use production vehicles which must be road-legal if being used on open roads or specially built competition vehicles suited to crossing specific terrain.

In most cases rallying distinguishes itself from other forms of motorsport by not running directly against other competitors over laps of a circuit, but instead in a point-to-point format in which participants leave at regular intervals from one or more start points.

Rally Chile
Rally Chile is a rally competition based in Concepción and held throughout the Biobío region of Chile. It was first held in 2018 when it was run as a candidate event as part of a bid to join the World Rally Championship schedule. The candidate event was deemed successful and the rally was added to the 2019 calendar. The rally made Chile the thirty-second country to host the WRC since the championship was launched in 1973.
Reredos
A reredos (/ˈrɪərˌdɒs, ˈrɪərɪ-, ˈrɛrɪ-/ REER-dos, REER-ih-, RERR-ih-) is a large altarpiece, a screen, or decoration placed behind the altar in a church. It often includes religious images.

The term reredos may also be used for similar structures, if elaborate, in secular architecture, for example very grand carved chimneypieces. It also refers to a simple, low stone wall placed behind a hearth.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Sula (Dnieper)
The Sula (Ukrainian: Сула) is a left tributary of the Dnieper with a total length of 363 kilometres (226 mi) and a drainage basin of 19,600 square kilometres (7,600 sq mi).

The river flows into the Dnieper through the Kremenchuk Reservoir, with which it forms a large delta with numerous islands, on which rare kinds of birds live. An important tributary is the Uday, smaller ones being Orzhytsya, Sliporid, Romen and Tern.

Large cities located on the river are Romny, Lokhvytsia and Lubny.

Pryluky Raion
Pryluky Raion  (Ukrainian: Прилуцький район) is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at the city of Pryluky. Population: 149,401 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Pryluky Raion was significantly expanded. Four abolished raions, Ichnia, Sribne, Talalaivka, and Varva Raions, as well as the city of Pryluky, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Pryluky Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 34,406 (2020 est.).
The Rocket Summer
The Rocket Summer is the solo project of Bryce Avary, a multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and record producer based in Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas.

He has released eight studio albums and several EPs. His fifth release, 2012's Life Will Write the Words, reached No. 58 on The Billboard 200 and No. 12 on Billboard Top Modern Rock/Alternative Albums chart as well as No. 12 on Top Independent Albums chart. His fourth release, Of Men and Angels, held the No. 1 Top Album spot on iTunes upon its release in 2010. AP Magazine called him one of "100 bands you need to know."

The Bamboozle
The Bamboozle was an annual three-day music festival which was held in New Jersey from 2003 to 2012, and was scheduled for a 2023 revival in Atlantic City by its founder. Every year, new bands competed for spots during the two days. The event evolved out of the Skate and Surf Festival. The 2012 event was the final one of its original run, as founder John D'Esposito subsequently left Bamboozle due to creative differences with organizing partners.