hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edmund Spenser
Edmund Spenser (/ˈspɛnsər/; c. 1552 – 13 January 1599 O.S.) was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queene, an epic poem and fantastical allegory celebrating the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I. He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of nascent Modern English verse, and he is considered one of the great poets in the English language.

Robert Greene (dramatist)
Robert Greene (1558–1592) was a popular Elizabethan dramatist and pamphleteer. He is said to have been born in Norwich. He attended Cambridge where he received a BA in 1580, and an M.A. in 1583 before moving to London, where he arguably became the first professional author in England. He was prolific and published in many genres including romances, plays and autobiography.

Greene's most famous play is Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay. He is also known for a posthumous pamphlet attributed to him, Greene's Groats-Worth of Witte, bought with a million of Repentance, widely believed to contain an attack on William Shakespeare.
Calbuco
Calbuco is a city and commune in southern Chile administered by the  Municipality of Calbuco. Administratively Calbuco belongs to the Llanquihue Province of Los Lagos Region. The origin of the city was the Spanish Fort Calbuco founded in 1603, and became later an important fish market. The archaeological site of Monte Verde lies within the commune.

Calbuco Island is part of the commune and contains the city of Calbuco. There are thirteen other islands in the commune: Huar, Puluqui, Chidhuapi, Tabón, Mayelhue, Lín, Quenu, Quihua, Huapi Abtao, Chaullín, Caicué o lagartija, Tautil and Queullín.

Curaco de Vélez
Curaco de Vélez is a Chilean commune in Chiloé Archipelago which is part of Chiloé Province and Los Lagos Region. The commune is located in western Quinchao Island while the eastern part is administered by the commune of Quinchao.
Schaan
Schaan (German pronunciation: [ʃaːn] ⓘ; dialectal: Schaa) is the largest municipality of Liechtenstein by population. It is located to the north of Vaduz, the capital, in the central part of the country. As of 2019 it has a population of 6,039, making it the most populous administrative district in Liechtenstein. Representing an important traffic hub and industrial location of the country, Schaan covers an area of 26.92 km2 (10.39 mi2), including mountains and forest. It is a municipality within the electoral district of Oberland in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Schaan contains four exclaves: Brunnenegg, Gritsch, Guschg, and Plankner Neugrütt.

Buchs, St. Gallen
Buchs (German pronunciation: [bʊks] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Werdenberg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It serves as an important economic and transport hub, situated on the border with Liechtenstein. Buchs officially became a town (German: Stadt) in 2002.
Transatlantic crossing
Transatlantic crossings are passages of passengers and cargo across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe or Africa and the Americas. The majority of passenger traffic is across the North Atlantic between Western Europe and North America.  Centuries after the dwindling of sporadic Viking trade with Markland, a regular and lasting transatlantic trade route was established in 1566 with the Spanish West Indies fleets, following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.

Norddeutscher Lloyd
Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL; lit. North German Lloyd) was a German shipping company. It was founded by Hermann Henrich Meier and Eduard Crüsemann in Bremen on 20 February 1857. It developed into one of the most important German shipping companies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and was instrumental in the economic development of Bremen and Bremerhaven. On 1 September 1970, the company merged with Hamburg America Line (HAPAG) to form Hapag-Lloyd.
Vernon, Connecticut
Vernon (/ˈvɜːrnɪn/ VER-nin) is the most populous town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 30,215 at the 2020 census. Vernon  contains the smaller villages of Talcottville and Dobsonville, as well as the former City of Rockville.

Ashford, Connecticut
Ashford is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 4,191 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1714. Eastford was a part of Ashford until 1847, when the former split off to organize its own town. For this reason, North Ashford is located in northeast Eastford.

Ashford is home to the largest Boy Scout camp in Connecticut, the June Norcross Webster Scout Reservation; to Paul Newman's Hole in the Wall Gang Camp for children with cancer and other serious illnesses; to the Salvation Army CONNRI Lodge and Conference Center; and to the Evangelical Christian Center, a retreat, camp and conference center.
Tapinocephalus
Tapinocephalus ("low, depressed head") is an extinct genus of large herbivorous dinocephalians that lived during the Middle Permian Period in what is now South Africa. Only the type species, Tapinocephalus atherstonei is now considered valid for this genus.

Diictodon
Diictodon (meaning "two weasel teeth") is an extinct genus of pylaecephalid dicynodont that lived during the Late Permian period, approximately 255 million years ago. Fossils have been found in the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone of the Madumabisa Mudstone of the Luangwa Basin in Zambia and the Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone of the Teekloof Formation, Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Abrahamskraal Formation, Dicynodon Assemblage Zone of the Balfour Formation, Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone of the Middleton or Balfour Formation of South Africa and the Guodikeng Formation of China. Roughly half of all Permian vertebrate specimens found in South Africa are those of Diictodon. This small herbivorous animal was one of the most successful synapsids in the Permian period.
Langport
Langport is a town and civil parish in Somerset, England, 5 miles (8 km) west of Somerton. The parish, which covers only part of the town, has a population of 3,578. Langport is contiguous with Huish Episcopi, a separate parish that includes much of the town's outskirts.

Long Sutton, Somerset
Long Sutton is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Somerton.  The village has a population of 833.

The village of Long Sutton has a village green with a lime tree at each corner and a chestnut tree in the centre. The Devonshire Arms Hotel is at one end of the green and at the other are the school and Holy Trinity church, dating from 1493. The village is made up of two hamlets, Knole at one end and Upton at the other.

The Reading to Taunton line railway runs under the bridge at Upton and at one time certain trains stopped at Long Sutton and Pitney Halt, as it was called until its closure in the early 1960s. The bridge over the River Yeo is medieval in origin, but was probably reshaped in the 18th century.
Ivan Lins
Ivan Guimarães Lins (born 16 June 1945) is a Latin Grammy-winning Brazilian musician. He has been an active performer and songwriter of Brazilian popular music (MPB) and jazz for over fifty years. His first hit, "Madalena", was recorded by Elis Regina in 1970. "Love Dance", a hit in 1989, is one of the most recorded songs in contemporary music .

His songs have been covered by Patti Austin, David Benoit, George Benson, Michael Bublé, Eliane Elias, Ella Fitzgerald, Dave Grusin, Shirley Horn, Quincy Jones, Steve Kuhn, the Manhattan Transfer, Sérgio Mendes, Jane Monheit, Mark Murphy, Carmen McRae, Joe Pass, Lee Ritenour, Sarah Vaughan, Diane Schuur, Sting, Barbra Streisand, Take 6, Toots Thielemans, Dan Costa (musician) and Nancy Wilson.

Maria Bethânia
Maria Bethânia Viana Teles Veloso (Portuguese pronunciation: [maˈɾiɐ beˈtɐ̃niɐ]; born 18 June 1946) is a Brazilian singer and songwriter. Born in Santo Amaro, Bahia, she started her career in Rio de Janeiro in 1964 with the show "Opinião" ("Opinion"), she is "The Queen of Brazilian Music". Due to its popularity, with performances all over the country, and the popularity of her 1965 single "Carcará", the artist became a star in Brazil. She is the most awarded artist in the history of the Brazilian Music Awards.

Bethânia is the sister of the singer-songwriter Caetano Veloso and of the writer-songwriter Mabel Velloso, as well as being aunt of the singers Belô Velloso and Jota Velloso. The singer has released 50 studio albums in 47 years of career, and is among the 10 best-selling music artists in Brazil, having sold more than 26 million records. Bethânia was ranked in 2012, by Rolling Stone Brasil magazine, as the fifth-biggest voice in Brazilian music.
OL Lyonnes
OL Lyonnes, formerly known as Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (French pronunciation: [ɔlɛ̃pik ljɔnɛ]) and still commonly known as Lyon or simply OL, is a French women's professional football club based in Lyon. The club has been the female section of Olympique Lyonnais since 2004. It is the most successful club in the history of the Première Ligue, with eighteen league titles as Olympique Lyonnais and four league titles as FC Lyon before the acquisition.

Since the 2010s, Lyon has frequently been named the strongest women's team in the world, and has been cited as a model for the development of women's football in both economic and cultural terms. The team has won eight UEFA Women's Champions League titles, including a record five successive titles from 2016 to 2020, as well as fourteen consecutive domestic league titles from 2007 to 2020. They have also won five trebles when the top-level continental competition is considered, the most for any team.

Atlético Madrid Femenino
Club Atlético de Madrid Femenino  (commonly known as Atlético Madrid Women or Atleti Femenino) is a Spanish women's football team based in Madrid that play in Liga F, the top tier of Spanish women's football.  It is the women's section of Atlético Madrid.
Renfe Feve
Renfe Cercanías AM, formerly known as Renfe Feve, was a division of state-owned Spanish railway company Renfe Operadora. It transitorily operated most of Spain's 1,250 km (777 mi) of metre-gauge railway. This division of Renfe was previously a stand-alone company named FEVE (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha, Spanish for "Narrow-Gauge Railways). On 31 December 2012, the Spanish government simplified the organization of state-owned railway companies by merging FEVE into Renfe and Adif. The rolling stock and the brand FEVE were transferred to Renfe (renamed "Renfe Feve"), while the infrastructure was transferred to Adif. In 2023 and 2025, the division's services were fully integrated into the other subdivisions Cercanías and Renfe mid distance.

Metre-gauge railway
Metre-gauge railways (US: meter-gauge railways) are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) or 1 metre.

Metre gauge is used in around 95,000 kilometres (59,000 mi) of tracks around the world. It was used by several European colonial powers including France, Britain and Germany in their colonies. In Europe, large metre-gauge networks remain in use in Switzerland, Spain and many European towns with urban trams, but most metre-gauge local railways in France, Germany and Belgium closed down in the mid-20th century, although some still remain. With the revival of urban rail transport, metre-gauge light metros were built in some cities. The slightly-wider 1,009 mm (3 ft 3+23⁄32 in) gauge is used in Sofia, Bulgaria. Another similar gauge is 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm).
Dahije
The Dahije (Serbian Cyrillic: Дахије, from Turkish: dayı)[a] were the renegade Janissary officers who revolted against the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II and took power in the Pashalik of Belgrade, after capturing and murdering Vizier Hadji Mustafa Pasha in 1801. The four supreme Dahije leaders were Mehmed-aga Fočić, Kučuk Alija, Aganlija and Mula Jusuf. Rebels against the sultan, they were defeated by the Serbs in the initial phase of the First Serbian Uprising, which is also called "Uprising against the Dahije" (Serbian: Буна против дахија; Buna protiv dahija).

Sulejman Pasha Skopljak
Suleiman Pasha Skopljak (Ottoman Turkish: سلیمان پاشا, romanized: Süleyman Paşa, Serbo-Croatian: Sulejman-paša Skopljak; fl. 1804–d. 1818) was an Ottoman Bosnian military commander and governor active in Rumelia (the Balkans), who became known for his role in fighting Serb rebels in the 1800s and 1810s. He served as the first Vizier of Belgrade (the Sanjak of Smederevo) after crushing the First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813).
List of EastEnders characters introduced in 2007
The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera EastEnders in 2007, by order of first appearance. A new family were introduced in this year, with Zainab Masood (Nina Wadia), Masood Ahmed (Nitin Ganatra), Shabnam Masood (Zahra Ahmadi/Rakhee Thakrar) and Tamwar Masood (Himesh Patel) creating the Masood clan. Heather Trott (Cheryl Fergison) was introduced, and the Mitchell family was extended, with Ronnie Mitchell (Samantha Womack) and Roxy Mitchell (Rita Simons) as a fiery new double act. August saw the arrival of Tanya Branning's (Jo Joyner) drug-addicted sister Rainie Cross (Tanya Franks). Former The Bill actor Scott Maslen joined the soap opera as Jack Branning in October, and Tanya and Max Branning's (Jake Wood) son, Oscar Branning, was born in November.

Stephen Lord
Stephen Lord (born 1 October 1971) is an English actor, known for playing Jase Dyer in the BBC soap opera EastEnders from 2007 to 2008, and Dominic Meak in the Channel 4 comedy drama series, Shameless, between 2012 and 2013. In 2021, he was cast in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street.
Copa de la Reina de Fútbol
The Copa de la Reina (Queen's Cup) is an annual cup competition for Spanish women's association football teams organized by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. Its full name is Campeonato de España - Copa de Su Majestad la Reina (Championship of Spain - Her Majesty the Queen's Cup).

Copa Catalunya Femenina
The Copa Catalunya Femenina is a knockout competition organised by the Catalan Football Federation (FCF) for women's football clubs in the Catalonia autonomous community of Spain. Since its establishment in 2005 it has been dominated by FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol, with eleven and five titles respectively: in its initial run of 15 consecutive years, all but one final was contested by both teams (in 2010, Espanyol and Barcelona met in the semifinals).

Previous iterations of the same tournament concept organised by the FCF were for the Copa Generalitat Femenina, also called the Copa Catalana Femenina, contested in the 20th century after formal incorporation of women's football.
Caridina
Caridina is a genus of freshwater atyid shrimp. They are widely found in tropical or subtropical water in Asia, Oceania and Africa. They are filter-feeders and omnivorous scavengers. They range from 0.9 to 9.8 mm (C. cantonensis) to 1.2–7.4 mm (C. serrata) in carapace length.

Neocaridina
Neocaridina is a genus of small, land-locked freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae (order Decapoda, infraorder Caridea) native to East Asia. The genus comprises roughly c. 25–30 described species (numbers vary with ongoing revision and differing treatments of synonyms and subspecies).

Several Neocaridina species are widely traded as ornamental aquarium shrimp, especially Neocaridina davidi (commonly known as “cherry shrimp”), which has been introduced outside its native range and has established populations in thermally altered waters and other suitable habitats in parts of Europe, North America, and elsewhere.
National Institute of Development Administration
The National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA) (Thai: สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร์) is a public higher education institute in Thailand, that teaches only at the graduate level, with a strong emphasis on management, economics and sustainable development. It also has duties in research, training, and other academic services. It is a prestigious institute that focuses on creating high-level executives.

NIDA is considered the first Thai educational institution to offer a (MPA) program, and offered the first MBA program in Thailand.

NIDA has 10 graduate schools aimed to serve economic and social development such as Graduate School of Public Administration (GSPA), One of the founding schools. NIDA Business School received accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB).

Ramkhamhaeng University
Ramkhamhaeng University (RU; Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยรามคำแหง, RTGS: Mahawitthayalai Ramkhamhaeng) is Thailand's largest public university. It was named in honour of King Ramkhamhaeng, one of the 5 children of Por Khun Sri-Intharathitaya and Nang Sueng, who was believed to have created the Thai alphabet and for establishing of Theravada Buddhism as the state religion of the Sukhothai Kingdom.: 197 : 25  The university provides an effective and economical way to meet public demand for higher education.

Once completed, Ramkhamhaeng University MRT station on MRT Orange Line will serve the university.

Famous university chant "พ่อกูชื่อศรีแม่กูนางเสืองลูกหลานเต๊มเมือง รามคำแหง" meaning, "My father is Sri, my mother is Sueng, with their abundance of descendants, Ramkhamhaeng".
Prilep
Prilep (Macedonian: Прилеп [ˈpriːlɛp] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia, after Skopje, Kumanovo, and Bitola. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 63,308, while its broader municipal area has 79,834 inhabitants in total.

Makedonski Brod
Makedonski Brod (Macedonian: Македонски Брод [maˈkɛdɔnski brɔt] ⓘ; meaning "Macedonian Ford") is a small town in the central part of North Macedonia, on the south-eastern part of Suva Gora, western Karadžica and south-western Dautica mountains. The town is the seat of Makedonski Brod Municipality.
Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).

Gubazes II of Lazica
Gubazes II (Georgian: გუბაზ II, Greek: Γουβάζης) was king of Lazica (modern western Georgia) from circa 541 until his assassination in 555. He was one of the central personalities of the Lazic War (541–562). He originally ascended the throne as a vassal of the Byzantine Empire, but the heavy-handed actions of the Byzantine authorities led him to seek the assistance of Byzantium's main rival, Sassanid Persia. The Byzantines were evicted from Lazica with the aid of a Persian army in 541, but the Persian occupation of the country turned out to be worse, and by 548, Gubazes was requesting assistance from Byzantium. Gubazes remained a Byzantine ally during the next few years, as the two empires fought for control of Lazica, with the fortress of Petra as the focal point of the struggle. Gubazes eventually quarrelled with the Byzantine generals over the fruitless continuation of the war, and was assassinated by them.
Moldavia
Moldavia (Romanian: Moldova, pronounced [molˈdova] ⓘ or Țara Moldovei lit. 'The land of Moldova'; in Romanian Cyrillic: Мѡлдѡва or Цара Мѡлдовєй) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state under Ottoman overlordship, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa. It also included the region of Pokuttya for a period of time.

The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.

Battle of Valea Albă
The Battle of Valea Albă, also known as the Battle of Războieni or the Battle of Akdere, was an important event in the medieval history of Moldavia. It took place at Războieni, also known as Valea Albă, on 26 July 1476, between the Moldavian army of Stephen the Great and an invading Ottoman army which was commanded personally by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror.
Boosey & Hawkes
Boosey & Hawkes is a British music publisher, purported to be the largest specialist classical music publisher in the world. Until 2003, it was also a major manufacturer of brass, string and woodwind musical instruments.

Formed in 1930 through the merger of two well-established British music businesses, Boosey & Hawkes controls the copyright to much major 20th-century music, including works by Leonard Bernstein, Benjamin Britten, Aaron Copland, Sergei Prokofiev, and Igor Stravinsky. It also publishes many prominent contemporary composers, including John Adams, Karl Jenkins, James MacMillan, Mark-Anthony Turnage, and Steve Reich.

With subsidiaries in Berlin and New York, the company also sells sheet music via its online shop.

Hans Sikorski
Internationale Musikverlage Hans Sikorski is an international music publishing company in Berlin, formerly headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. As of June 2019, Sikorski is a part of Concord.

The music publishing firm of Hans Sikorski was founded in 1935. Sikorski's repertoire consists of entertainment music as well as contemporary serious music, and the firm has always been committed to new music from many countries.  Publications include chamber music, orchestral music and stage works to musicals and film music.
Floor crossing (South Africa)
Floor crossing was a system introduced to the post-apartheid South African political system in 2002, under which members of Parliament, members of provincial legislatures and local government councillors could change political party (or form a new party) and take their seats with them when they did so. Floor crossing in South Africa was abolished in January 2009.

KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The KwaZulu-Natal Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the leading party or coalition members in the parliament. Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party was elected Premier of KwaZulu-Natal at the first sitting of the provincial legislature on 14 June 2024.
2014–15 Lebanese Premier League
The 2014–15 Lebanese Premier League was the 54th season of top-tier football in Lebanon. A total of twelve teams are competing in the league, with Al Nejmeh the defending champions. The season kicked off on 26 September 2014 and will finish around June 2015.

Al Ahed won the league, while Tadamon Sour and Al-Akhaa Al-Ahli Aley were relegated to the second tier.

2022–23 Lebanese Premier League
The 2022–23 Lebanese Premier League was the 61st season of the Lebanese Premier League, the top Lebanese league for football clubs since its establishment in 1934. The league started on 2 September 2022, and ended on 12 March 2023.

It was the third season to feature a "split" format, following its introduction in the 2020–21 season, in which the season was divided into two phases. Ahed won their second consecutive title, and ninth overall. Akhaa Ahli Aley and Salam Zgharta were relegated to the Lebanese Second Division.