hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Farnborough F.C.
Farnborough Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Farnborough, Hampshire, England. Founded in 1967 as Farnborough Town, they are currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football and play at Cherrywood Road.

Chorley F.C.
Chorley Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Chorley, Lancashire, England. They currently compete in the National League North, the sixth tier of English football, and play their home matches at Victory Park. The club was founded as a rugby union club in 1875 but switched to football in 1883.

Their best performance in the FA Cup was in 2020–21 when they reached the fourth round after a 2–0 win against Derby County in the third round, having previously reached the second round twice in 1986–87 and 1990–91. Their best performance in the FA Trophy was in 1995–96 when they reached the semi-finals.

The club's home colours are black and white stripes, hence the nickname the Magpies.
Ross rifle
The Ross rifle is a straight-pull bolt action rifle chambered in .303 British  that was produced in Canada from 1903 until 1918.

The Ross Mk.II (or "model 1905") rifle was highly successful in target shooting before World War I, but the close chamber tolerances, lack of primary extraction and length made the Mk.III (or "1910") Ross rifle unsuitable for the conditions of trench warfare, exacerbated by the often poor quality ammunition issued.

The Ross Rifle Co. made sporting rifles from early in its production, most notably chambered in .280 Ross, introduced in 1907.  This cartridge is recorded as the first to achieve over 3,000 ft/s (914 m/s) muzzle velocity and the cartridge acquired a very considerable international reputation among target shooters and hunters.

Pattern 1914 Enfield
The Rifle, .303 Pattern 1914 (or P14) was a British service rifle of the First World War period, principally manufactured under contract by companies in the United States. It was a bolt-action weapon with an integral 5-round magazine. It served as a sniper rifle and as second-line and reserve issue, until declared obsolete in 1947. The Pattern 1914 Enfield was the successor to the Pattern 1913 Enfield experimental rifle and the predecessor of the U.S. Rifle M1917 Enfield.
Charan
Charan (IAST: Cāraṇ; Sanskrit: चारण; Gujarati: ચારણ; Sindhi: چارڻ; IPA: cɑːrəɳə) is a caste natively residing in the Rajasthan and Gujarat states of India, as well as the Sindh and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. Historically, Charans have been engaged in diverse occupations like bards, poets, historians, pastoralists, agriculturalists and also administrators, jagirdars and warriors and some even as traders.

Kathi people
The Kāṭhī people are a small group of clans found in the peninsular Kathiawar (historically called Saurashtra) of Gujarat, western India. The Maratha Empire, and later the British Raj, renamed the Saurashtra as Kathiawar as the Kāṭhīs were prominent there during the 17th-18th centuries.
William E. Dodge Jr.
William Earl Dodge Jr. (February 15, 1832 – August 9, 1903) was an American businessman, activist, and philanthropist. For many years, he was one of two controlling partners in the Phelps Dodge Corporation, one of the largest copper mining corporations in the United States.

William Church Osborn
William Church Osborn (December 21, 1862 – January 3, 1951) was the son of a prominent New York City family who served in a variety of civic roles including president of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, president of the Children's Aid Society, and president of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Orphaned.
Boris Ioganson
Boris Vladimirovich Ioganson (Russian: Борис Владимирович Иогансон, 25 July [O.S. 13 July] 1893 – 25 February 1973) also commonly known as B. V. Johanson, was a Russian and Soviet painter and educator. President of the USSR Academy of Arts in 1957-1962 and First Secretary of the Union of Painters of the USSR in 1965-1968.

Mikhail Avilov
Mikhail Ivanovich Avilov (Russian: Михаи́л Ива́нович Ави́лов) (6 September 1882, Saint Petersburg – 14 April 1954, Leningrad) was a Russian and Soviet painter and art educator, who lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, Stalin Prize winner, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of Soviet Art, who played an important role in the formation of the Leningrad School of Painting. He is mostly known for his battle paintings.
Rufous mouse opossum
The rufous mouse opossum (Marmosa lepida) or little rufous mouse opossum is an opossum species from South America. The species has been found in Bolivia, French Guinea, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Suriname in lowland tropical rainforest at altitudes from 100 to 1,000 m (330 to 3,280 ft). It is presumed to feed on insects and fruit, like its close relatives.

It is considered a monotype. It is smaller in size and has a brighter red colored fur, distinguishing it from other congeners.

Though the species has been known for over a century, very few specimens have been studied, most of these from areas below 600 m (2,000 ft) and taken from western edges of the Amazon basin and Guianas. Its dorsal pelage is reddish-brown and its ventral pelage is grayish. Researchers believe this coloring is product of adaptation to a humid forest environment.

Potential predators of this opossum include snakes, owls, and wild felids.

Northern gracile opossum
The northern gracile opossum (Gracilinanus marica) is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela. G. marica naturally occurs in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Miles Smiles
Miles Smiles is an album by American jazz musician Miles Davis, released on February 16, 1967, by Columbia Records. It was recorded by Davis and his second quintet at Columbia 30th Street Studio in New York City on October 24 and October 25, 1966. It is the second of six albums recorded by Davis' second great quintet, which featured tenor saxophonist Wayne Shorter, pianist Herbie Hancock, bassist Ron Carter, and drummer Tony Williams.

Miles in the Sky
Miles in the Sky is a studio album by the jazz trumpeter and composer Miles Davis. It was released on July 22, 1968, through Columbia Records. It was the last full album recorded by Davis' "Second Great Quintet" and marked the beginning of his foray into jazz fusion, with Herbie Hancock playing electric piano and Ron Carter playing electric bass guitar on opening track "Stuff". Additionally, electric guitarist George Benson features on "Paraphernalia".
Telkom (South Africa)
Telkom (officially Telkom SA SOC Limited) is a South African wireline and wireless telecommunications provider, operating in more than 38 countries across the African continent. Headquartered in Centurion, Telkom is one of South Africa's largest telecommunications companies by annual revenue.

Telkom is listed on the JSE Limited; South Africa's main stock exchange. As of 2024, the company had a market capitalization of R15.3 billion, and employed around 10,000 individuals.

Vumatel
Vumatel (officially Vumatel Pty Ltd) is a South African fiber network operator (FNO), providing open-access fiber internet infrastructure throughout South Africa.

Vumatel is South Africa's largest fiber to the home infrastructure provider, with 36% of the country's homes passed and homes connected market share.
Oval window
The oval window (or fenestra vestibuli or fenestra ovalis) is a connective tissue membrane-covered opening from the middle ear to the cochlea of the inner ear.

Vibrations that contact the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been reduced in amplitude and increased in pressure due to the lever action of the ossicle bones. This is not an amplification function; rather, an impedance-matching function, allowing sound to be transferred from air (outer ear) to liquid (cochlea).

It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the inner ear; its long diameter is horizontal and its convex border is upward. It is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen.

Basilar membrane
The basilar membrane is a stiff structural element, a type of basement membrane within the cochlea of the inner ear which separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani. The basilar membrane moves up and down in response to incoming sound waves, which are converted to traveling waves on the basilar membrane.
Alpha helix
An alpha helix (or α-helix) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).

The alpha helix is the most common structural arrangement in the secondary structure of proteins. It is also the most extreme type of local structure, and it is the local structure that is most easily predicted from a sequence of amino acids.

The alpha helix has a right-handed helix conformation in which every backbone N−H group hydrogen bonds to the backbone C=O group of the amino acid that is four residues earlier in the protein sequence.

Basic helix–loop–helix
A basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) is a protein structural motif that characterizes one of the largest families of dimerizing transcription factors.  The word "basic" does not refer to complexity but to the chemistry of the motif because transcription factors in general contain basic amino acid residues in order to facilitate DNA binding.

bHLH transcription factors are often important in development or cell activity. For one, BMAL1-Clock (also called ARNTL) is a core transcription complex in the molecular circadian clock. Other genes, like c-Myc and HIF-1, have been linked to cancer due to their effects on cell growth and metabolism.
Camilo Torres Tenorio
José Camilo Clemente de Torres Tenorio (November 22, 1766 – October 5, 1816) was a Neogranadine independence leader and lawyer who also served as president of the United Provinces of New Granada. He is credited as being an early founder of the nation due to his role in early struggles for independence from Spain.

Jorge Tadeo Lozano
Jorge Tadeo Lozano de Peralta, Viscount of Pastrana (January 30, 1771 – July 6, 1816) was a Neogranadine (now Colombian) scientist, journalist, and politician who presided over the Constituent College of Cundinamarca and was elected President of Cundinamarca in 1811.
Martin Dahlin
Dan Martin Nataniel Dahlin (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmar.tɪn daˈliːn]; born 16 April 1968) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a striker. In his prime, he was considered one of the world's best strikers.

Starting off his career with Malmö FF in 1987, he was the 1988 Allsvenskan top scorer and played for clubs in the Bundesliga, Serie A, and the Premier League before retiring in 1999.

A full international between 1991 and 1997, he won 60 caps for the Sweden national team and was in the Sweden national team that placed third in the 1994 FIFA World Cup. He also represented Sweden at the 1988 Summer Olympics and UEFA Euro 1992. In 1993, he was bestowed the Guldbollen as Sweden's best footballer of the year.

Kennet Andersson
Bernt Kennet Andersson (born 6 October 1967) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a forward. Starting off his career with IFK Eskilstuna in the mid-1980s, he went on to play professionally in Sweden, Belgium, France, Italy, and Turkey before retiring in 2002. A full international between 1990 and 2000, he won 83 caps and scored 31 goals for Sweden national team and was a key member of the Sweden team that finished third at the 1994 FIFA World Cup. He also represented Sweden at UEFA Euro 1992 and 2000.
Chris Woods
Christopher Charles Eric Woods (born 14 November 1959) is an English football coach and former professional footballer, who is goalkeeping coach for the Scotland national team.

As a player, he was a goalkeeper who played in the Football League and Premier League for Nottingham Forest, Queens Park Rangers, Norwich City, Sheffield Wednesday, Reading, Southampton and Burnley. He also played in the Scottish Football League for Rangers and in Major League Soccer for the Colorado Rapids. He was an England international and was largely Peter Shilton's long-time understudy in the England team in the mid to late 1980s, finally claiming the number one shirt for himself after the 1990 World Cup. In all, he managed to accrue 43 caps in an eight-year international career.

Woods has been goalkeeper coach for Everton, the United States and Manchester United. He was most recently coaching at West Ham United.

David Needham
David Needham (born 21 May 1949) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League for Notts County, Queens Park Rangers and Nottingham Forest, and in the North American Soccer League for the Toronto Blizzard, in the 1970s and 1980s.
HC Bílí Tygři Liberec
Bílí Tygři Liberec (English: Liberec White Tigers) are a professional ice hockey club based in Liberec, Czech Republic. The team competes in the Czech Extraliga, the highest level of play in professional Czech ice hockey.

Piráti Chomutov
Piráti Chomutov (English: Chomutov Pirates) is a Czech ice hockey team from Chomutov, Czech Republic. Established as ČSK Chomutov in 1945, the team has played in Chomutov through numerous team name changes and promotions/relegations in the Czechoslovak and Czech leagues. They play in the second level 1st Czech Republic Hockey League. Their home arena is the Rocknet aréna located in Chomutov, Czech Republic.
Vladimir Gorb
Vladimir Alexandrovich Gorb (Russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Го́рб; 31 December 1903 – 20 October 1988) was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and art teacher. He lived and worked in Leningrad as professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, was awarded the title of Honored Art Worker of Russian Federation, and was member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. He is regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portrait paintings and Art teaching.

Eugene Maltsev
Eugene Demjanovich Maltsev (Russian: Евгений Демьянович Мальцев; 9 August 1929 – 24 December 2003) was a Soviet Russian painter, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 — the Leningrad Union of the Soviet Artists), who lived and worked in Leningrad. In 1990-1997 Eugene Maltsev was a head of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists, in 1989-1991 was elected a People's Deputies of the Soviet Union from the USSR Union of Artists. Maltsev regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portrait and historical paintings.
WYFM
WYFM (102.9 FM) is a commercial radio station that is licensed to Sharon, Pennsylvania, United States. Serving the Youngstown, Ohio market. With a classic rock format, it is one of eight radio stations in the Youngstown market that is owned by Cumulus Media. Its studios and transmitter are located at "The Radio Center" in Youngstown.

The station has a large coverage area and can be picked up fairly well even in Akron, and as far away as Erie, Pennsylvania. Within the large coverage area, WYFM competes with WNCD in Niles, WONE in Akron, WRQK in Canton, WFXJ in Ashtabula, WNCX in Cleveland, WRKT and WQHZ in Erie, and WDVE in Pittsburgh.

WMXY
WMXY (98.9 FM "Mix 98.9") is a commercial radio station in Youngstown, Ohio.  It broadcasts a mainstream adult contemporary radio format and switches to all-Christmas music for much of November and December.  WMXY is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.  It is the Youngstown network affiliate for the Delilah syndicated music and call-in show in the evening, and carries the Ellen K Weekend Show Saturdays and Casey Kasem's classic American Top 40 on Sundays.

WMXY has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 5,900 watts.  The transmitter is off South Avenue in Boardman, Ohio.  WMXY broadcasts in the HD Radio hybrid format.  The HD-2 digital subchannel carries an alternative rock format branded as "Indie Radio."
Diocese of Huejutla
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Huejutla (Latin: Dioecesis Hueiutlensis) (erected 24 November 1922) is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Tulancingo. It is centred on the Mexican city of Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo.

Diocese of Tula
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Tula (Latin: Dioecesis Tullanensis) (erected 27 February 1961) is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Tulancingo. It was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of México until 25 November 2006.
Acer saccharinum
Acer saccharinum, commonly known as silver maple, creek maple, silverleaf maple, soft maple, large maple, water maple, swamp maple, or white maple, is a species of maple native to the eastern and central United States and southeastern Canada. It is one of the most common trees in the United States.

Although the silver maple's Latin name is similar, it should not be confused with Acer saccharum, the sugar maple. Some of the common names are also applied to other maples, especially Acer rubrum.

Betula alleghaniensis
Betula alleghaniensis, the yellow birch, golden birch, or swamp birch, is a large tree and an important lumber species of birch native to northeastern North America. Its vernacular names refer to the golden color of the tree's bark. In the past its scientific name was Betula lutea, the yellow birch.

Betula alleghaniensis is the provincial tree of Quebec, where it is commonly called merisier, a name which in France is used for the wild cherry.
Yellow perch
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens), commonly referred to as perch, striped perch, American perch or preacher is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America. The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York. It is closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (Perca fluviatilis); and is sometimes considered a subspecies of its European counterpart.

Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day length and annual water temperatures. In many populations, yellow perch often live 9 to 10 years, with adults generally ranging 4–10 in (10–25 cm) in length.

The world record for a yellow by weight is 4 lb 3 oz (1.9 kg), and was caught in May 1865 in Bordentown, New Jersey, by Dr. C. Abbot. It is the longest-standing record for a freshwater fish in North America.

Ninespine stickleback
The ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius), also called the ten-spined stickleback, is a freshwater species of fish in the family Gasterosteidae that inhabits temperate waters. It is widely but locally distributed throughout Eurasia and North America. Despite its name, the number of spines can vary from 8 to 12.
Lincoln Steffens
Joseph Lincoln Steffens (April 6, 1866 – August 9, 1936) was an American investigative journalist and one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era in the early 20th century. He launched a series of articles in McClure's, called "Tweed Days in St. Louis", that would later be published together in a book titled The Shame of the Cities. He is remembered for investigating corruption in municipal government in American cities and for his leftist values.

Robinson Jeffers
John Robinson Jeffers (January 10, 1887 – January 20, 1962) was an American poet known for his work about the central Californian coast. Much of his poetry was written in narrative and epic form; however, he is also known for his shorter verse and is considered an icon of the environmental movement.

Influential and highly regarded in some circles, despite or because of his philosophy of "inhumanism", Jeffers believed that transcending conflict required human concerns to be de-emphasized in favor of the boundless whole. This led him to oppose American participation in World War II, a stance that was controversial after the U.S. entered the war.
Solution (chemistry)
In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes. When, as is often but not necessarily the case, the sum of the mole fractions of solutes is small compared with unity, the solution is called a dilute solution." One parameter of a solution is the concentration, which is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent. The term "aqueous solution" is used when one of the solvents is water.

Topical medication
A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body. Most often topical medication means application to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes to treat ailments via a large range of classes including creams, foams, gels, lotions, and ointments.  Many topical medications are epicutaneous, meaning that they are applied directly to the skin. Topical medications may also be inhalational, such as asthma medications, or applied to the surface of tissues other than the skin, such as eye drops applied to the conjunctiva, or ear drops placed in the ear, or medications applied to the surface of a tooth. The word topical derives from Greek τοπικός topikos, "of a place".
Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg
Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg (2 January 1783 – 22 July 1853) was a Danish painter. He was born in Blåkrog in the Duchy of Schleswig (now in Aabenraa Municipality, in the southern part of Jutland in Denmark). He went on to lay the foundation for the period of art known as the Golden Age of Danish Painting, and is referred to as the "Father of Danish painting".

Johan Thomas Lundbye
Johan Thomas Lundbye (1 September 1818 – 25 April 1848) was a Danish painter and graphic artist, known for his animal and landscape paintings.  He was inspired by Niels Laurits Høyen's call to develop nationalistic art through depictions of Denmark's characteristic landscapes; the historical buildings and monuments, and the country's simple, rural people.  He became one of his generation's national romantic painters, along with P. C. Skovgaard and Lorenz Frølich, to regularly depict the landscape of Zealand.
Netherlands women's national water polo team
The Netherlands women's national water polo team is the national team of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was one of the leading teams in the world during the 1980s and 1990s. More recently they are one of the top teams again claiming the gold medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the 2023 World Championships and the 2024 European Championships. The team is governed by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Zwembond (KNZB).

Australia women's national water polo team
The Australia national women's water polo team represents Australia in women's international water polo competitions and is controlled by Water Polo Australia. It was one of the most successful women's water polo teams in the world. It is currently organised into the Asia/Oceania regional group.
Wayne County, Illinois
Wayne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 16,179. Its county seat is Fairfield. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "Little Egypt".

Perry County, Illinois
Perry County is a county in Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 20,945. Its county seat is Pinckneyville. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known as "Little Egypt".