hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Practice squad
In gridiron football, the practice squad, also called the taxi squad or practice roster, is a group of players signed by a team but not part of their main roster.  They serve as extra players during the team's practices, often as part of the scout team by emulating an upcoming opponent's play style. Because the players on the practice squad are familiar with the team's plays and formations, the practice squad serves as a way to develop inexperienced players for promotion to the main roster. This is particularly important for professional gridiron football teams, which do not have formal minor league farm team affiliates to train players. In addition, it provides replacement players for the main roster when players are needed as the result of injuries or other roster moves, such as bereavement leave.

2022 NFL season
The 2022 NFL season was the 103rd season of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 8, 2022, with the defending Super Bowl LVI champion Los Angeles Rams falling to Buffalo in the NFL Kickoff Game, and ended on January 8, 2023. The playoffs started on January 14 and concluded with Super Bowl LVII, the league's championship game, at State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona, on February 12, with Kansas City defeating Philadelphia.

The former Washington Redskins, after two seasons of using the placeholder name Washington Football Team, were renamed the Washington Commanders prior to the start of the season.

The week 17 game between Buffalo and Cincinnati was canceled after Buffalo safety Damar Hamlin suffered a nonfatal cardiac arrest on the field of play. It was the first regular season game to be canceled and not rescheduled since the 1987 NFLPA players' strike.
Cavalry FC
Cavalry Football Club is a Canadian professional soccer club based in the Calgary metropolitan region of Alberta. The club competes at the top of the Canadian soccer league system in the Canadian Premier League, and plays their home matches at ATCO Field on the grounds of Spruce Meadows in Foothills County.

The team is managed by Tommy Wheeldon Jr. and owned by Spruce Meadows Sports & Entertainment.

2024 Canadian Premier League season
The 2024 Canadian Premier League season was the sixth season of the Canadian Premier League, the top level of Canadian soccer. Forge FC were the defending champions, having beaten Cavalry FC, the CPL Shield winners, in the 2023 final.

Forge won the CPL Shield as regular season champions, their second CPL shield and sixth league trophy. In the 2024 CPL final, Cavalry won their first league title by defeating Forge 2–1 to claim the North Star Cup, their third league trophy.
Duquesne Country and Athletic Club
The Duquesne Country and Athletic Club was a professional football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from 1895 until 1900. The team was considered one of the best, if not the best, professional football teams in the country from 1898 until 1900. However, the team is most famous for being the first football franchise to be owned by an individual, William Chase Temple.

1900 Homestead Library & Athletic Club season
The 1900 Homestead Library & Athletic Club football team won the professional football championship of 1900.  The team was affiliated with the Homestead Library & Athletic Club in Homestead, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh.  The team featured a lineup of former college All-Americans paid by Pittsburgh Pirates' minority-owner William Chase Temple.
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) is the carboxylic acid derived from the enol of pyruvate and a phosphate anion.  It exists as an anion. PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry. It has the highest-energy phosphate bond found (−61.9 kJ/mol) in organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.  In plants, it is also involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation; in bacteria, it is also used as the source of energy for the phosphotransferase system.

Substrate (chemistry)
In chemistry, the term substrate is highly context-dependent. Broadly speaking, it can refer either to a chemical species being observed in a chemical reaction, or to a surface on which other chemical reactions or microscopy are performed. In biochemistry, an enzyme substrate is the molecule upon which an enzyme acts. In synthetic and organic chemistry a substrate is the chemical of interest that is being modified. A reagent is added to the substrate to generate a product through a chemical reaction. Otherwise, substrate may refer to a surface on which other chemical reactions are performed or a surface that plays a supporting role in various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques.
Colombo
Colombo (/kəˈlʌmboʊ/ kə-LUM-boh; Sinhala: කොළඹ, romanised: Koḷam̆ba, IPA: [ˈkoləᵐbə]; Tamil: கொழும்பு, romanised: Koḻumpu, IPA: [koɻumbɯ]) is the largest city of Sri Lanka by population and de facto commercial capital of Sri Lanka. The Colombo metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of 5.6 million, and 752,993 within the municipal limits. It is the financial centre of the island and a tourist destination. It is located on the west coast of the island. It is also the administrative capital of the Western Province and the district capital of Colombo District.

It was made the capital of the island when Sri Lanka was ceded to the British Empire in 1815, retaining its capital status when Sri Lanka gained independence in 1948. In 1978, when administrative functions were moved to Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Colombo was designated as the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.

Australian cricket team in England in 1938
The five-Test 1938 Ashes series between Australia and England was drawn. England and Australia won a Test each, with two of the other Tests drawn and the third game of the series, scheduled for Manchester, abandoned without a ball being bowled, only the second instance of this in more than 60 years of Test cricket. The Australians retained The Ashes.

In all, 30 first-class matches were played, and the Australian team won 15 of them losing only to England and H. D. G. Leveson-Gower's XI. There were also six minor games, the Australians winning five of them.
Reginald Fessenden
Reginald Aubrey Fessenden (October 6, 1866 – July 22, 1932) was a Canadian-American electrical engineer and inventor who received hundreds of patents in fields related to radio and sonar between 1891 and 1936 (seven of them after his death).

Fessenden pioneered developments in radio technology, including the foundations of amplitude modulation (AM) radio. His achievements included the first transmission of speech by radio (1900), and the first two-way radiotelegraphic communication across the Atlantic Ocean (1906). In 1932 he claimed that, in late 1906, he had also made the first radio broadcast of entertainment and music, although that claim has not been well documented.

He did a majority of his work in the United States and, in addition to his Canadian citizenship, claimed U.S. citizenship through his American-born father.

Continuous wave
A continuous wave, or continuous waveform, (CW) is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, typically a sine wave, that for mathematical analysis is considered to be of infinite duration. It may refer to e.g. a laser or particle accelerator having a continuous output, as opposed to a pulsed output.

By extension, the term continuous wave also refers to an early method of radio transmission in which a sinusoidal carrier wave is switched on and off. This is more precisely called interrupted continuous wave (ICW). Information is carried in the varying duration of the on and off periods of the signal, for example by Morse code in early radio. In early wireless telegraphy radio transmission, CW waves were also known as "undamped waves", to distinguish this method from damped wave signals produced by earlier spark gap type transmitters.
Syracuse Crunch
The Syracuse Crunch are a professional ice hockey team based in Syracuse, New York. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's Tampa Bay Lightning. They play their home games at the Upstate Medical University Arena.

2005–06 AHL season
The 2005–06 AHL season was the 70th season of the American Hockey League. Twenty-seven teams played 80 games each in the schedule. The Hershey Bears won the Calder Cup, defeating the Milwaukee Admirals in the finals.

To celebrate the AHL's 70th anniversary,  the league announced on January 6, 2006, the first inductees into the AHL's new Hall of Fame . The first inductees were; Johnny Bower, Jack Butterfield, Jody Gage, Fred Glover, Willie Marshall, Frank Mathers and Eddie Shore.
International Skating Union
The International Skating Union (ISU) is the international governing body for competitive ice skating disciplines, including figure skating, synchronized skating, speed skating, and short track speed skating. It was founded in Scheveningen, Netherlands, in July 1892, making it one of the oldest international sport federations. The ISU was formed to establish standardized international rules and regulations for the skating disciplines it governs, and to organize international competitions in these disciplines. It is now based in Switzerland.

2022–23 figure skating season
The 2022–23 figure skating season began on July 1, 2022, and ended on June 30, 2023. During this season, elite skaters competed at the ISU (International Skating Union) Championship level at the 2023 European Championships, Four Continents Championships, World Junior Championships, and World Championships. They also competed at elite events such as the ISU Challenger Series as well as the Grand Prix and Junior Grand Prix series, culminating at the Grand Prix Final.

On March 1, 2022, the International Skating Union banned all figure skaters and officials from Russia and Belarus from attending any international competitions following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

The season was the first under newly elected ISU President Kim Jae-youl and ISU Vice President for Figure Skating Benoît Lavoie.
2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 11, 2016. The first early-season tournaments were the 2K Sports Classic, Charleston Classic, and Puerto Rico Tip-Off. The season ended with the 2017 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, whose Final Four was played at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona, on April 1, 2017, followed by the national championship game on April 3. Practices officially began on September 30, 2016.

2016–17 Alcorn State Braves basketball team
The 2016–17 Alcorn State Braves basketball team represented Alcorn State University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Braves, led by second year head coach Montez Robinson, played their home games at the Davey Whitney Complex in Lorman, Mississippi as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 18–14, 13–5 in SWAC play to finish in second place.

The Braves were ineligible for NCAA postseason play due to APR violations for the second straight year. However, they were allowed to participate in the SWAC tournament where they defeated Mississippi Valley State and Southern to advance to the championship game where they lost to Texas Southern.
Swedish Women's Hockey League
The Swedish Women's Hockey League (Swedish: Svenska damhockeyligan), abbreviated SDHL, is the elite league for women's ice hockey in Sweden. It was established in 2007 as the Riksserien by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association and was renamed prior to the 2016–17 season. The league has ten teams and employs a system of promotion and relegation with the Nationella Damhockeyligan (NDHL). The unexpected withdrawal of Göteborg HC after playing only thirteen games of the 2022–23 season caused the number of teams to decrease to nine for the remainder of that season.

Bodychecking was allowed for the 2022–23 season  and goal cameras were introduced for the 2024–2025 season.

2015–16 Riksserien season
The 2015–16 Riksserien season was the ninth season of the Swedish Women's Hockey League. The season began in September 2015 and ended in March 2016. It was the last season the league was known under the Riksserien name, changing to Svenska damhockeyligan (SDHL) the following year.
2023–24 Georgia Bulldogs basketball team
The 2023–24 Georgia Bulldogs basketball team represented the University of Georgia during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs were led by second-year head coach, Mike White. The Bulldogs played their home games at the Stegeman Coliseum in Athens, Georgia as members of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the regular season 17–16, 6–12 in SEC play to finish in eleventh place. They defeated Missouri in the first round of the SEC tournament to advance to the second round where they lost to Florida. They were invited to the National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated Xavier, Wake Forest, and Ohio State to advance to the tournament semifinal, before losing to Seton Hall. This was their first postseason appearance since the 2016–17 season.

2024 National Invitation Tournament
The 2024 National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I men's college basketball teams not selected to participate in the 2024 NCAA tournament. The tournament began on March 19 and ended on April 4. The first three rounds were played on campuses, with the semifinal and championship final played at Hinkle Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Griffin Park
Griffin Park was a football ground in Brentford in the London Borough of Hounslow, England. It was the home ground of Brentford F.C. from its opening in September 1904 to August 2020. The ground was in a predominantly residential area and was known for being the only English league football ground to have a pub on each corner. The ground's name referred to the griffin featured in the logo of Fuller's Brewery, which at one point owned the orchard on which the stadium was built.

1938–39 Brentford F.C. season
During the 1938–39 English football season, Brentford competed in the Football League First Division. A six-match unbeaten run in February and March 1939 pulled the club clear of a near-certain relegation.
South Bend Blue Sox
The South Bend Blue Sox was a women's professional baseball team who played from 1943 through 1954 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). A founding member, the team represented South Bend, Indiana, and played their home games at Bendix Field (1943–1945) and Playland Park (1946–1954).

1954 All-American Girls Professional Baseball League season
The 1954 All-American Girls Professional Baseball League season marked the twelfth and last season of the circuit. The AAGPBL was left with five teams after the Muskegon Belles franchise folded at the end of the past season. As a result, it was the lowest number of teams since its opening season in 1943. The Fort Wayne Daisies, Grand Rapids Chicks, Kalamazoo Lassies, Rockford Peaches and South Bend Blue Sox competed through a 96-game schedule, while the Shaugnessy playoffs featured the top four teams in a best-of-three first round series, with the two winning teams facing in a best-of-five series to decide the championship.
2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 13. The first early-season tournaments to begin were the Puerto Rico Tip-Off and the Charleston Classic. The season ended with the 2016 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, whose Final Four took place at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, on April 2, 2016, with the national championship game following on April 4. Practices officially began on October 2, 2015.

2015–16 Stetson Hatters men's basketball team
The 2015–16 Stetson Hatters men's basketball team represented Stetson University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Hatters, led by third year head coach Corey Williams, played their home games at the Edmunds Center and were members of the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Due to APR violations, Stetson was ineligible for the NCAA Tournament. Despite having a conference record of 4–10, seventh out of eighth place in the conference, and having no postseason berth to play for, the Hatters made an improbable run to the 2016 Atlantic Sun men's basketball tournament championship game. They came up just short, losing 80–78 in overtime on the road to Florida Gulf Coast to finish the season with a record of 12–22. If Stetson had won, North Florida would have received the conference's automatic NCAA Tournament bid as the regular season champion.
2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 9, 2021 and concluded on March 13, 2022. The 2022 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament culminated the season and began on March 15 and concluded on April 4 with the championship game at the Caesars Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana.

2021–22 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team
The 2021–22 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team represented Winthrop University in the 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Eagles, led by first-year head coach Mark Prosser, played their home games at the Winthrop Coliseum in Rock Hill, South Carolina as members of the Big South Conference. They finished the season 23–9, 14–2 in Big South play, to finish as Big South South Division champions. As the No. 2 seed in the Big South tournament, they defeated High Point and Gardner–Webb, before falling to Longwood in the championship game.
Pacific Coast Conference
The Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) was a collegiate athletic conference in the United States which existed from 1915 to 1959.  Though the Pac-12 Conference claims the PCC's history as part of its own, with eight of the ten PCC members (including all four original PCC charter members) in the Pac-12 for many years, the older league had a completely different charter and was disbanded in 1959 due to a major crisis and scandal.

Established on December 2, 1915, its four charter members were the University of California (now University of California, Berkeley), the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University).

1922 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1922 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho as a member of the Northwest Conference and the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1922 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Robert L. Mathews, the Vandals compiled an overall record of 3–5. Idaho had a record of 2–3 in Northwest Conference play, placing fourth, and 0–4 against PCC opponents, finishing last out of eight teams. The team played only one home game, on campus, at MacLean Field in Moscow, Idaho.

The Vandals dropped an eighth consecutive game to Washington State in the Battle of the Palouse, but it was the only loss to the Cougars under Mathews. Idaho won the next three meetings, their only three-peat in the rivalry series.
2022–23 Oregon Ducks men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Oregon Ducks men's basketball team represented the University of Oregon during the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Ducks, led by 13th-year head coach Dana Altman, played their home games at Matthew Knight Arena as members of the Pac–12 Conference. They finished the season 18–13, 12–8 in Pac-12 play to finish in fourth place. As the No. 4 seed in the Pac-12 tournament, they defeated Washington State in the quarterfinals before losing to UCLA in the semifinal round. They received an invitation to the National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated UC Irvine in the first round and UCF in the second round, before losing to Wisconsin in the quarterfinals.

2023 National Invitation Tournament
The 2023 National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I men's college basketball teams not selected to participate in the 2023 NCAA tournament. The tournament began on March 14 and ended on March 30. The first three rounds were played on campuses, with the semifinal and championship final played at Orleans Arena in the Las Vegas Valley.
1967 USC Trojans football team
The 1967 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1967 NCAA University Division football season. In their eighth year under head coach John McKay, the Trojans compiled a 10–1 record (6–1 against conference opponents), won the Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU or Pac-8) championship, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 258 to 87. The team was ranked #1 in the final AP and Coaches Polls.

Steve Sogge led the team in passing, completing 75 of 151 passes for 1,032 yards with seven touchdowns and seven interceptions.  O. J. Simpson led the team in rushing with 291 carries for 1,543 yards and 13 touchdowns. Earl McCullouch led the team in receiving with 30 catches for 540 yards and five touchdowns. Simpson won the Walter Camp Award.

1968 Rose Bowl
The 1968 Rose Bowl was  the 54th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on Monday, January 1. The USC Trojans of the Pacific-8 Conference defeated the Indiana Hoosiers of the Big Ten Conference, 14–3.  USC tailback O. J. Simpson was named the Player of the Game.
Football League First Division
The Football League First Division was the top division of the Football League in England from 1888 until the end of the 1991–92 season, when its teams broke away to form the Premier League.  From 1992 to 2004, the name First Division was given to what had previously been called the Second Division. After the 2003–04 season, the division was renamed the Football League Championship (now EFL Championship, with the division below it called EFL League One).

The First Division contained between 12 and 24 clubs, playing each other home and away in a double round robin. The competition was based on two points for a win from 1888 until the increase to three points for a win in 1981.

1932–33 Brentford F.C. season
During the 1932–33 English football season, Brentford competed in the Football League Third Division South. Brentford won the division championship and secured promotion to the second tier of English football for the first time in the club's history. Jack Holliday set a new club goalscoring record of 39 goals in a season, which as of 2025 has yet to be broken. It is statistically Brentford's second-best season, after 1929–30.
Christian Gross
Christian Jürgen Gross (born 14 August 1954) is a Swiss football manager and former player. He played as a sweeper and central midfielder.

Gross was manager of Basel from 1999 to 2009, winning four Swiss Super Leagues and four Swiss Cups.

As manager of Tottenham Hotspur between November 1997 and September 1998, Gross became the first Swiss to manage in the Premier League.

2000–01 FC Basel season
The 2000–01 Fussball Club Basel 1893 season was their 107th season since the club's foundation on 15 November 1893. Following their promotion in the 1993–94 season this was their seventh consecutive season in the highest tier of Swiss football.
René C. Jäggi was the club's chairman for the fifth year. FC Basel played their home games in the alternate Stadion Schützenmatte while the new stadium was being built and as of 15 March 2001 in the brand new St. Jakob-Park.