hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cargo ship
A cargo ship or freighter is a merchant ship designed to transport goods, commodities, and materials across seas and oceans. These ships form the backbone of international trade, carrying the majority of global freight by volume. Cargo ships vary widely in size and configuration, ranging from small coastal vessels to massive ocean-going carriers, and are typically specialized for particular types of cargo, such as containers, bulk goods, or liquids. Modern cargo ships are constructed from welded steel and equipped with loading mechanisms such as cranes or gantries. With a typical service life of 25 to 30 years, they operate under complex logistical networks and international regulations, playing a critical role in the global economy and maritime infrastructure.

Ammunition ship
An ammunition ship is an auxiliary ship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for naval ships and aircraft. An ammunition ship's cargo handling systems, designed with extreme safety in mind, include ammunition hoists with airlocks between decks, and mechanisms for flooding entire compartments with sea water in case of emergencies. Ammunition ships most often deliver their cargo to other ships using underway replenishment, using both connected replenishment and vertical replenishment. To a lesser extent, they transport ammunition from one shore-based weapons station to another.
Kaibab Limestone
The Kaibab Limestone is a resistant cliff-forming, Permian geologic formation that crops out across the U.S. states of northern Arizona, southern Utah, east central Nevada and southeast California.  It is also known as the Kaibab Formation in Arizona, Nevada, and Utah. The Kaibab Limestone forms the rim of the Grand Canyon. In the Big Maria Mountains, California, the Kaibab Limestone is highly metamorphosed and known as the Kaibab Marble.

Caprock
Caprock or cap rock is a hard, resistant, and impermeable layer of rock that overlies and protects a layer of softer material. In petroleum geology the softer lower layer may be a reservoir of oil or natural gas.  The caprock acts similarly to the crust on a pie where the crust (caprock) prevents leakage of the soft filling (softer material). In landforms like mesas and buttes the caprock consists of sturdy erosion-resistant rock like granite or basalt that resists weathering more strongly than its supporting rock and results in differential erosion. It also influences hydrology by creating waterfalls and aquifers where the movement of water is restricted and channeled by the harder layers. As petroleum reservoirs caprocks are often buried under other layers of rock and protected from weathering, they can consist of softer materials like sandstone, limestone, and evaporites, as long as they are highly impermeable and resist the flow of hydrocarbons through them.
Speedway World Championship
The World Championship of Speedway is an international competition between the highest-ranked motorcycle speedway riders of the world, run under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). The first official championships were held in 1936.

Today, the championship is organised as a series of Speedway Grand Prix events, where points are awarded according to performance in the event and tallied up at the end of each season. However, up to 1994, it was usually run as a single-night event after qualifying rounds during the season, leading up to a final consisting of 20 heats, where points were awarded according to riders' heat placings and then tallied up at the end.

Before the World Championship received its formal recognition from the ACU and the FIM in 1936, other unofficial Speedway World Championships were staged between 1931 and 1935, in Europe, South America and Australasia, such as the Star Riders' Championship.

1987 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1987 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 42nd edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

It was contested for the one and only time over two days in the Netherlands. The scores from both meetings were combined to produce the eventual winner.

With the chances of a surprise winner reduced due to two races being held it was the favourite Hans Nielsen that duly obliged with his second World crown. Nielsen had trailed after day one by 1 point to great rival Erik Gundersen and the American Sam Ermolenko. However, in trademark style Nielsen produced a 15-point maximum on day two to wrap up the World Title, with Gundersen claiming silver and Ermolenko bronze.
Santos FC (women)
Santos Futebol Clube, commonly known as Santos or Sereias da Vila, is a Brazilian women's association football club, based in the city of Santos, São Paulo state, Brazil. They won the Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Feminino once, the Copa do Brasil twice and the Copa Libertadores Femenina twice.

Associação Acadêmica e Desportiva Vitória das Tabocas
Associação Acadêmica e Desportiva Vitória das Tabocas, commonly known as Vitória das Tabocas, or as Acadêmica Vitória, is a Brazilian men's and women's football club based in Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco state. The women's team competed once in the Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino.
Roman legion
The Roman legion (Latin: legiō, Latin: [ˈɫɛɡioː]) was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries. During the Roman Republic the manipular legion comprised 4,200 infantry and 300 cavalry. In late Republican times the legions were formed of 5,200 men and were restructured around 10 cohorts, the first cohort being double strength. This structure persisted throughout the Principate and middle Empire, before further changes in the fourth century resulted in new formations of around 1,000 men.

Foederati
Foederati (/ˌfɛdəˈreɪtaɪ/ FED-ə-RAY-ty; singular: foederatus /ˌfɛdəˈreɪtəs/ FED-ə-RAY-təs) were peoples and cities bound by a treaty, known as foedus, with Rome. During the Roman Republic, the term identified the socii, but during the Roman Empire, it was used to describe foreign states, client kingdoms or barbarian tribes to which the empire provided benefits in exchange for military assistance. The term was also used, especially under the empire, for groups of barbarian mercenaries of various sizes who were typically allowed to settle within the empire.
Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church
The primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, styled "The Most Reverend the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church", is the presiding bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church.  The current Primus is the Most Revd. Mark Strange who became primus on 27 June 2017.

The word primus literally means "first" in Latin and is cognate to the related episcopal title Primate.

Bishop of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane
The Bishop of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane is the Ordinary of the Scottish Episcopal Diocese of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane. The see is located at St Ninian's Cathedral in Perth, Scotland.

Following the Glorious Revolution, the Church of Scotland abolished the Episcopacy in 1689 and adopted a Presbyterian government. The Episcopalian remnant slowly formed the independent Scottish Episcopal Church. In the 19th century, the three dioceses were gradually merged to become the present Diocese of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane. The Right Reverend David Chillingworth retired as bishop at the end of July 2017. An electoral synod to elect a bishop to succeed him was not convened until 2 June 2018, when it elected Ian Paton, Rector of Old St Paul's, Edinburgh.  He was consecrated and installed as bishop during a service at St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth, on 20 October 2018 and is still in office.
Minsk Voivodeship
Minsk Voivodeship (Belarusian: Менскае ваяводзтва, romanized: Menskaje vajavodztva; Polish: Województwo mińskie; Lithuanian: Minsko vaivadija; Latin: Palatinatus Minscensis) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.

Rechytsa
Rechytsa or Rechitsa (Belarusian: Рэчыца, romanized: Rechyca, IPA: [ˈrɛtʂɨtsa]; Russian: Речица; Polish: Rzeczyca) is a town in Gomel Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Rechytsa District. The town is located on the Rechytsa River, which flows into the Dnieper. In 2020, its population was 66,400. As of 2025, it has a population of 64,733.
Tanegashima
Tanegashima (種子島; Japanese pronunciation: [ta.ne.ɡaꜜ.ɕi.ma, -ne.ŋaꜜ-]) is one of the Ōsumi Islands belonging to Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The island, 444.99 km2 (171.81 sq mi) in area, is the second largest of the Ōsumi Islands, and has a population of 33,000 people. Access to the island is by ferry, or by air to New Tanegashima Airport. Administratively, the island is divided into the city, Nishinoomote, and the two towns, Nakatane and Minamitane. The towns belong to Kumage District.

Kikaijima
Kikaijima (Japanese: 喜界島; Amami: Kyaa; Okinawan: Cikai-zima) is one of the Satsunan Islands, classed with the Amami archipelago between Kyūshū and Okinawa.

The island, 56.93 square kilometres (21.98 sq mi) in area, has a population of approximately 7,657 people. Administratively the island forms the town of Kikai, Kagoshima Prefecture. Much of the island is within the borders of the Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park.
Anchieta's serotine
Anchieta's serotine (Neoromicia anchietae), formerly known as Anchieta's pipistrelle, is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Madagascar. The species inhabits savanna habitats.

Cape serotine
The Cape serotine (Laephotis capensis) is a species of vesper bat occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa. 'Serotine' is from Latin 'serotinus' meaning 'of the evening'.

It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Djibouti.
Spain national baseball team
The Spain national baseball team is the national team of Spain. It is governed by the Royal Spanish Baseball and Softball Federation. It is a member nation of the Confédération Européenne de Baseball, or Confederation of European Baseball.

Colombia national baseball team
The Colombia national baseball team (Spanish: Selección de béisbol de Colombia) is the national baseball team of Colombia. The team represents Colombia in international competitions.

Colombia has won two international baseball championships, both during the Amateur World Series era (1938-86); the first in 1947, and the second in 1965. In the modern era, it has qualified for the World Baseball Classic three times; in 2017 and 2023 it did  not make it out of the pool stage.

Team Colombia will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.
Marengo County, Alabama
Marengo County is a county located in the west central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,323. The largest city is Demopolis, and the county seat is Linden. It is named in honor of the Battle of Marengo near Turin, Italy, where French leader Napoleon Bonaparte defeated the Austrians on June 14, 1800.

Uniontown, Alabama
Uniontown is a city in Perry County, Alabama, in west-central Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city is 2,107, up 18.7% over 2010. Of the 573 cities in Alabama, Uniontown is the 207th most populous.

Uniontown has four sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places: Fairhope Plantation, Pitts' Folly, the Uniontown Historic District, and Westwood.
Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2) in its electron transport chain.

In aerobic organisms, electrons are shuttled to an electron transport chain, and the final electron acceptor is oxygen. Molecular oxygen is an excellent electron acceptor. Anaerobes instead use less-oxidizing (in either thermodynamic or kinetics sense) substances such as nitrate (NO−3), fumarate (C4H2O2−4), sulfate (SO2−4), or elemental sulfur (S). These terminal electron acceptors have smaller reduction potentials than O2. Less energy per oxidized molecule is released. Therefore, anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic.

Microaerophile
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than those present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth. A more restrictive interpretation requires the microorganism to be obligate in this requirement.  Many microaerophiles are also capnophiles, requiring an elevated concentration of carbon dioxide (e.g. 10% CO2 in the case of Campylobacter species).

The original definition of a microaerophile has been criticized for being too restrictive and not accurate enough compared to similar categories. The broader term microaerobe has been coined to describe microbes able to respire oxygen "within microoxic environments by using high-affinity terminal oxidase".
Dubuque, Iowa
Dubuque (/dəˈbjuːk/ ⓘ, dəb-YOOK) is a city in Dubuque County, Iowa, United States, and its county seat. The population was 59,667 at the 2020 census. The city lies along the Mississippi River at the junction of Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin, a region locally known as the Tri-State Area. It serves as the main commercial, industrial, educational, and cultural center for the area. Geographically, it is part of the Driftless Area, a portion of North America that escaped all three phases of the Wisconsin Glaciation, resulting in a hilly topography unlike most of the Midwestern United States.

Dubuque is a regional tourist destination featuring the city's architecture, casinos, and riverside location. It is home to five institutions of higher education. While Dubuque has historically been a center of manufacturing, the local economy also includes health care, publishing, and financial service sectors.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Town (China)
When referring to political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 镇 (traditional: 鎮; pinyin: zhèn; Wade–Giles: chen4). The Constitution of the People's Republic of China classifies towns as fourth-level administrative units, along with, for example, townships (Chinese: 乡; pinyin: xiāng). A township is typically smaller in population and more remote than a town.

Similar to higher-level administrative units, the borders of a town would typically include an urban core (a small town with the population on the order of 10,000 people), as well as a rural area with some villages (村; cūn, or 庄; zhuāng).

Baigutun
Baigutun Town (simplified Chinese: 白古屯镇; traditional Chinese: 白古屯鎮; pinyin: Báigǔtún Zhèn), is a town located in the northwest of Wuqing District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Gaocun Town in its north, Hexiwu and Damengzhuang Towns in its east, Sicundian Town in its south, as well as Chengguan and Dawangguzhuang Towns in its west. The town had a population of 21,443 as of 2010.
Austria women's national ice hockey team
The Austrian national women's ice hockey team (German: Österreichische Eishockeynationalmannschaft der Frauen) represents Austria at the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Women's World Championship and other international tournaments. The team is controlled by the Österreichischer Eishockeyverband. Austria had 644 female players in 2011 and 624 female players in 2025.

France women's national ice hockey team
The French women's national ice hockey team represents France at international ice hockey tournaments, including the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Women's World Championship. The women's national team is controlled by French Ice Hockey Federation (FFHG). France had 2,622 female ice hockey players registered with the IIHF in 2022, an increase of more than 250% over the 952 players recorded in 2011. As of March 2022, the French women's national team is ranked twelfth in the world; they have ranked as high as tenth, first in 2018.
Emperor Shōmu
Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇, Shōmu-tennō; September 22, 701 – June 4, 756) was the 45th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Shōmu's reign spanned the years 724 through 749, during the Nara period.

Ōmi Province
Ōmi Province (近江国, Ōmi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [oꜜː.mʲi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō circuit. Its nickname is Gōshū (江州). Under the Engishiki classification system, Ōmi was ranked as one of the 13 "great countries" (大国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the imperial capital Kyoto.

Ōmi bordered on Wakasa and Echizen Provinces to the north, Mino and Ise Provinces to the east, Iga and Yamato Provinces to the south, and Yamashiro and Tanba Provinces to the west. Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake, is located at the center of the province.
Radio Songs (chart)
The Radio Songs chart (previously named Hot 100 Airplay until 2014 and Top 40 Radio Monitor until July 1993) is released weekly by Billboard magazine and measures the airplay of songs being played on radio stations throughout the United States across all musical genres. It is one of the three components, along with sales (both physical and the digital) and streaming activity, that determine the chart positions of songs on the Billboard Hot 100.

Radio & Records
Radio & Records (R&R) was a trade publication providing news and airplay information for the radio and music industries.  It started as an independent trade from 1973 to 2006 until VNU Media took over in 2006 and became a relaunched sister trade to Billboard, until its final issue in 2009.
Limburg an der Lahn
Limburg an der Lahn (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪmbʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈlaːn], lit. 'Limburg on the Lahn'; officially abbreviated Limburg a. d. Lahn) is the district seat of Limburg-Weilburg in Hesse, Germany.

Limburg-Staffel–Siershahn railway
The Limburg-Staffel–Siershahn railway is a railway line between Limburg-Staffel, Montabaur and Siershahn in the Westerwald. The line, which is also known as the Unterwesterwaldbahn (Lower Westerwald Railway), runs through the German states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse.
Algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial with coefficients in F has a root in F. In other words, a field is algebraically closed if the fundamental theorem of algebra holds for it.  For example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed because the polynomial  has no real roots, while the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

Every field  is contained in an algebraically closed field  and the roots in  of the polynomials with coefficients in  form an algebraically closed field called an algebraic closure of  Given two algebraic closures of  there are isomorphisms between them that fix the elements of

Algebraically closed fields appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields

Multiplicity (mathematics)
In mathematics, the multiplicity of a member of a multiset is the number of times it appears in the multiset.  For example, the number of times a given polynomial has a root at a given point is the multiplicity of that root.

The notion of multiplicity is important to be able to count correctly without specifying exceptions (for example, double roots counted twice).  Hence the expression, "counted with multiplicity".

If multiplicity is ignored, this may be emphasized by counting the number of distinct elements, as in "the number of distinct roots". However, whenever a set (as opposed to multiset) is formed, multiplicity is automatically ignored, without requiring use of the term "distinct".
Eda-Ines Etti
Eda-Ines Etti ([ˈɛdɑ ˈinɛs ˈɛtːi]), also known as simply Ines, is an Estonian singer and songwriter. Etti represented Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 with the song "Once in a Lifetime", placing fourth. Until their win the following year, this was Estonia's best result in the competition.

Koit Toome
Koit Toome (born 3 January 1979) is an Estonian singer and musical actor.

He has represented Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest twice. In 1998, he finished 12th with the song "Mere lapsed". In 2017, he sang a duet with Laura Põldvere, entitled "Verona".
Chemical structure
A chemical structure of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of its atoms and their chemical bonds. Its determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together and can be represented using structural formulae and by molecular models; complete electronic structure descriptions include specifying the occupation of a molecule's molecular orbitals. Structure determination can be applied to a range of targets from very simple molecules (e.g., diatomic oxygen or nitrogen) to very complex ones (e.g., such as protein or DNA).

Protriptyline
Protriptyline, sold under the brand name Vivactil among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), specifically a secondary amine. Uniquely among most of the TCAs, protriptyline tends to be energizing instead of sedating, and is sometimes used for narcolepsy to achieve a wakefulness-promoting effect.

TCAs including protriptyline are also used to reduce the incidence of recurring headaches such as migraine, and for other types of chronic pain.