hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De facto
De facto (/deɪ ˈfæktoʊ, di -, də -/, day FAK-toh, dee -⁠, də -⁠; Latin: [deː ˈfaktoː] ⓘ; lit. 'from fact')  practices are those that exist in reality or effect, without explicit recognition by laws or other formal norms. They contrast with de jure ('from law') practices. This distinction is important in law and governance. For example, a de facto government holds power without legal recognition, while a de jure government may have formal legal authority but lack any real power.

Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Before the perestroika reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev that promoted a more liberal form of socialism, the formal ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was Marxism–Leninism, a form of socialism consisting of a centralised command economy with a vanguardist one-party state that aimed to realize the dictatorship of the proletariat. The Soviet Union's ideological commitment to achieving communism included the national communist development of socialism in one country and peaceful coexistence with capitalist countries while engaging in anti-imperialism to defend the international proletariat, combat the predominant prevailing global system of capitalism and promote the goals of Bolshevism. The state ideology of the Soviet Union – and thus Marxism–Leninism – derived and developed from the theories, policies, and political praxis of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, and Joseph Stalin.
China national football team
The China national football team (simplified Chinese: 中国国家足球队; traditional Chinese: 中國國家足球隊; pinyin: Zhōngguó guójiā zúqiú duì), recognised as China PR by FIFA, represents China in men's international association football and is governed by the Chinese Football Association (CFA).

China won the EAFF East Asian Cup in 2005 and 2010, was runner-up at the AFC Asian Cup in 1984 and 2004, and made its sole FIFA World Cup appearance in 2002, losing all matches without scoring a goal.

Zhang Enhua
Zhang Enhua (simplified Chinese: 张恩华; traditional Chinese: 張恩華; pinyin: Zhāng Ēnhuá; 28 April 1973 – 29 April 2021) was a Chinese professional football player and coach. As a player, he was a defender from 1994 to 2006 and represented Dalian Wanda, Grimsby Town, Tianjin Teda and South China while internationally he was a participant at the 2002 FIFA World Cup.
Reflection nebula
In astronomy, reflection nebulae are clouds of interstellar dust which might reflect the light of a nearby star or stars. The energy from the nearby stars is insufficient to ionize the gas of the nebula to create an emission nebula, but is enough to give sufficient scattering to make the dust visible. Thus, the frequency spectrum shown by reflection nebulae is similar to that of the illuminating stars. Among the microscopic particles responsible for the scattering are carbon compounds (e. g. diamond dust) and compounds of other elements such as iron and nickel. The latter two are often aligned with the galactic magnetic field and cause the scattered light to be slightly polarized.

Stellar association
A stellar association is a very loose star cluster, looser than both open clusters and globular clusters. Stellar associations will normally contain from 10 to 100 or more visible stars. An association is primarily identified by commonalities in its member stars' movement vectors, ages, and chemical compositions. These shared features indicate that the members share a common origin. Nevertheless, they have become gravitationally unbound, unlike star clusters, and the member stars will drift apart over millions of years, becoming a moving group as they scatter throughout their neighborhood within the galaxy.

Stellar associations were discovered by Victor Ambartsumian in 1947. The conventional name for an association uses the names or abbreviations of the constellation (or constellations) in which they are located; the association type, and, sometimes, a numerical identifier.
Dwarves in Middle-earth
In the fantasy of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Dwarves are a race inhabiting Middle-earth, the central continent of Arda in an imagined mythological past. They are based on the dwarfs of Germanic myths who were small humanoids that lived in mountains, practising mining, metallurgy, blacksmithing and jewellery. Tolkien described them as tough, warlike, and lovers of stone and craftsmanship.

The origins of Tolkien's Dwarves can be traced to Norse mythology; Tolkien also mentioned a connection with Jewish history and language.
Dwarves appear in his books The Hobbit (1937), The Lord of the Rings (1954–55), and the posthumously published The Silmarillion (1977), Unfinished Tales (1980), and The History of Middle-earth series (1983–96), the last three edited by his son Christopher Tolkien.

Völuspá
Völuspá (also Vǫluspá, Vǫlospá, or Vǫluspǫ́; Old Norse: 'Prophecy of the völva, a seeress') is the best known poem of the Poetic Edda. It dates back to the tenth century and tells the story from Norse Mythology of the creation of the world, its coming end, and its subsequent rebirth that is related to the audience by a völva addressing Odin. Her name is given twice as Heiðr. The poem is one of the most important primary sources for the study of Norse mythology. Parts of the poem appear in the Prose Edda, but the earliest known wholly preserved version of the poem is in the Codex Regius and Hauksbók manuscripts.
Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.

Clyde Wells (politician)
Clyde Kirby Wells,  KC ONL (born November 9, 1937) was the fifth premier of Newfoundland from 1989 to 1996, and subsequently Chief Justice of Newfoundland and Labrador, sitting on the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador (Court of Appeal) from 1998 to 2009.
Bertrand Baguette
Bertrand Marcel Nicolas Baguette (born 23 February 1986) is a Belgian professional racing driver. In 2013, he won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in the LMP2 class and the FIA WEC LMP2 class title. In 2017, he won the final running of the Suzuka 1000km in Super GT. Bertrand is the 2022 Super GT GT500 Champion with Nissan.

Impul
Hoshino Impul Co., Ltd., commonly known as Impul, is a Japanese automotive aftermarket company and racing team based in Setagaya-ku, Tokyo. Founded by Nissan's factory driver, Kazuyoshi Hoshino, the company exclusively produces aftermarket parts for Nissans, such as bodykits, engine components as well as wheels.
Rallying
Rallying is a wide-ranging form of motorsport with various competitive motoring elements such as speed tests (sometimes called "rally racing" in United States), navigation tests, or the ability to reach waypoints or a destination at a prescribed time or average speed. Rallies may be short in the form of trials at a single venue, or several thousand miles long in an extreme endurance rally.

Depending on the format, rallies may be organised on private or public roads, open or closed to traffic, or off-road in the form of cross country or rally-raid. Competitors can use production vehicles which must be road-legal if being used on open roads or specially built competition vehicles suited to crossing specific terrain.

In most cases rallying distinguishes itself from other forms of motorsport by not running directly against other competitors over laps of a circuit, but instead in a point-to-point format in which participants leave at regular intervals from one or more start points.

Sno*Drift
Sno*Drift is an annual rally racing event held in Montmorency County, Michigan, with headquarters in Atlanta, Michigan. The event was the first Rally America National Rally Championship event of the season, and is currently the first American Rally Association National Championship. Sno*Drift is a winter rally, run primarily on snow-covered gravel surface roads, and is held in late January or early February. Unlike other snow rally events, studded tires cannot be used per Michigan law, which makes Sno*Drift particularly challenging.
13 Vendémiaire
13 Vendémiaire, Year 4 in the French Republican Calendar (5 October 1795 in the Gregorian calendar), was a battle between the French Revolutionary troops and Royalist forces in the streets of Paris. This battle was part of the establishing of a new form of government, the Directory, and it was a major factor in the rapid advancement of Republican General Napoleon Bonaparte's career.

Coup of 18 Fructidor
The Coup of 18 Fructidor, Year V (4 September 1797 in the French Republican Calendar), was a seizure of power in France by members of the Directory, then forming the government of the First French Republic, with support from the military. The coup was provoked by the results of elections held months earlier, which had given the majority of seats in the country's Corps législatif (Legislative body) to royalist candidates, threatening a restoration of the monarchy and a return to the ancien régime. Three of the five members of the Directory, Paul Barras, Jean-François Rewbell and Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux, with support of foreign minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, staged the coup d'état that annulled many of the previous election's results and ousted the monarchists from the legislature.
List of North American broadcast station classes
This is a list of broadcast station classes applicable in much of North America under international agreements between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Effective radiated power (ERP) and height above average terrain (HAAT) are listed unless otherwise noted.

All radio and television stations within 320 kilometers (199 miles) of the US-Canada or US-Mexico border must get approval by both the domestic and foreign agency. These agencies are Industry Canada/Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) in Canada, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US, and the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT) in Mexico.

640 AM
640 AM - The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 640 kHz: 640 AM is a North American clear-channel frequency. KFI in Los Angeles, California, KYUK in Bethel, Alaska, and CBN in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, share Class A status of 640 AM.
SC Delhi
Sporting Club Delhi is an Indian professional football club based in New Delhi. The club competes in the Indian Super League (ISL), the top flight of Indian football. It was formerly based in Hyderabad, Telangana as Hyderabad FC and played their home matches at the G.M.C Balayogi Athletic Stadium, Gachibowli. It was founded on 27 August 2019, and began their first professional season from 2019–20. Ahead the 2025–26 ISL the club rebranded as Sporting Club Delhi, and relocated to its base in New Delhi. The club is owned and operated by Delhi based B.C. Jindal Group.

On 16 June 2020, German club Borussia Dortmund entered a grassroots development partnership with Hyderabad. They played their inaugural match on 25 October 2019, suffering a 0–5 defeat to ATK. The club completed their first season in the ISL in the 10th place, failing to qualify for the playoffs. The club won their first major honour in the 2021–22 ISL season, defeating Kerala Blasters 3–1 on penalties in the final.

Rajasthan United FC
Rajasthan United Football Club is an Indian professional football club based in Jaipur, Rajasthan. Founded in 2018 as JECRC CF, the academy team participated in inaugural edition of R-League A Division in 2019, and clinched the title. In 2020, JECRC CF was rebranded as Rajasthan United. The club is currently competing in the Indian Football League, the second tier of Indian football league system.

Rajasthan United won the 2021 I-League Qualifiers and thus became the first ever club from the state to qualify for the I-League.
Muskellunge
The muskellunge (Esox masquinongy), often shortened to muskie, musky, ski, or lunge, is a species of large freshwater predatory fish native to North America. It is the largest member of the pike family, Esocidae.

Cisco (fish)
The ciscoes (or ciscos) are salmonid fish that differ from other members of the genus Coregonus in having upper and lower jaws of approximately equal length and high gill raker counts.  These species have been the focus of much study recently, as researchers have sought to determine the relationships among species that appear to have evolved very recently. Cisco is also specifically used for the North American species Coregonus artedi, also known as lake herring.

In previous taxonomic classifications, the ciscoes have been identified as a subgenus Leucichthys of the genus Coregonus. Based on molecular data this is not a natural classification however, as the ciscoes are polyphyletic, comprising two different lineages within the freshwater whitefishes.
Counties of Hungary
Hungary is subdivided administratively into 19 counties (vármegyék, singular: vármegye) and the capital city (főváros) Budapest. The counties are further subdivided into 174 districts (járások, singular: járás). The capital Budapest is subdivided into 23 districts (kerületek, singular: kerület).

There are 25 cities with county rights (megyei jogú városok, singular: megyei jogú város), sometimes called urban counties. The local authorities of these towns have extended powers but they are not independent territorial units.

The current system of counties has evolved from medieval fiefdoms of the Kingdom of Hungary; each fiefdom was ruled from a castle (Hungarian: vár). Between 1950 and 2022, the counties of Hungary were officially called megyék (singular: megye). On 1 January 2023, the original historical name vármegye was officially restored.

Veszprém County
Veszprém (Hungarian: Veszprém vármegye, pronounced [ˈvɛspreːm]; German: Komitat Wesprim (Weißbrunn)) is an administrative county (vármegye) in Hungary. Veszprém is also the name of the capital city of Veszprém county.
Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.

Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture
The Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in western Yunnan province, China. It is bordered by Baoshan to the east and Myanmar's Kachin State to the west. Its eponymous ethnic minorities are the Dai and Jingpo, who make up 28 and 11 percent of the prefecture's population, respectively.By the end of 2024, the resident population of the whole state is 1,337,000, of which the urban population is 687,000.
Hellas Verona FC
Hellas Verona Football Club, commonly referred to as simply Hellas Verona (Italian: [ˈɛllaz veˈroːna]), is an Italian professional football club based in Verona, Veneto, that currently plays in Serie A. The team won the Serie A championship in the 1984–85 season.

The club has been associated with politically far-right ultras since at least the 1970s, and has repeatedly had racist incidents occur in the stands over the decades, including an incident in 1996 in which an effigy representing Dutch player Maickel Ferrier was hung from the stadium railing with a banner reading "Negro, get out of here" by fans wearing Ku Klux Klan attire. The club was repeated fined in the 2010s and 2020s for fans in the stands racially abusing players on the pitch.

In January 2025, it was announced that the club had been acquired by American private equity Presidio Investors.

2007–08 Serie C1
The 2007–08 Serie C1 season was the thirtieth football league season of Italian Serie C1 since its establishment in  1978. It was divided into two phases: the regular season, played from September 2007 to May 2008, and the playoff phase from May to June 2008.

The league was composed of 36 teams divided into two divisions of 18 teams each, whose teams were divided mainly according to geographical principles.

Teams finishing first in the regular season, plus one team winning the playoff round from each division were promoted to Serie B; teams finishing last in the regular season, plus two relegation playoff losers from each division, were relegated to Serie C2. In all, four teams (Sassuolo, Cittadella, Salernitana, and Ancona) were promoted to Serie B, and six teams (Pro Patria, Lecco, Manfredonia, Lanciano, Sangiovannese, and Martina) were relegated to Serie C2.
Parchment
Parchment is a writing material made from specially prepared untanned skins of animals—primarily sheep, calves and goats. It has been used as a writing medium in West Asia and Europe for more than two millennia. By 400 AD many of the written works intended for preservation in these regions had been transferred from papyrus to parchment. Vellum is a type of fine-quality parchment made from the skins of young animals such as lambs and young calves.

The generic term animal membrane is sometimes used by libraries and museums that wish to avoid distinguishing between parchment and vellum.

Scriptorium
A scriptorium (/skrɪpˈtɔːriəm/ ⓘ) was a writing room in medieval European monasteries for the copying and illuminating of manuscripts by scribes.

The term has perhaps been over-used—only some monasteries had special rooms set aside for scribes. Often they worked in the monastery library or in their own rooms. Most medieval images of scribing show single figures in well-appointed studies, although these are generally author portraits of well-known authors or translators. Increasingly, lay scribes and illuminators from outside the monastery also assisted the clerical scribes. By the later Middle Ages secular manuscript workshops were common, and many monasteries bought more books than they produced themselves.
Mustii
Thomas Michel Mustin (French pronunciation: [tɔma miʃɛl mystɛ̃]; born 21 November 1990), better known by his stage name Mustii, is a Belgian actor and singer. As part of his career he has released two albums 21st Century Boy and It's Happening Now, which have both peaked inside the top ten of the Belgian Albums Charts. He is also known for being a judge on Drag Race Belgique.

Mustin represented Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 in Sweden with the song "Before the Party's Over".

Iolanda (singer)
Iolanda Costa (European Portuguese pronunciation: [juˈlɐ̃dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ]; born 4 November 1994), known mononymously as Iolanda, is a Portuguese singer and songwriter. She became known for her participation in the first season of the program Uma canção para ti, broadcast by TVI in December 2008. Costa represented Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with the song "Grito".
Stein am Rhein railway station
Stein am Rhein railway station (German: Bahnhof Stein am Rhein) is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen and the municipality Stein am Rhein. The station is situated on the opposite (southern) bank of the Rhine to the historic centre of the town, a walk of some 500 m (1,600 ft). It is located on the Lake line (German: Seelinie), which links Schaffhausen with Rorschach.

The station is close to the Untersee (Lake Constance), and the Werd islands.

Kreuzlingen railway station
Kreuzlingen railway station (German: Bahnhof Kreuzlingen) is a railway station in Kreuzlingen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It sits at the junction of the standard gauge Lake line of Swiss Federal Railways and the Wil–Kreuzlingen line of Thurbo. It is one of four railway stations in the municipality of Kreuzlingen, the others being Kreuzlingen Bernrain, Kreuzlingen Hafen, and Kurzrickenbach Seepark.
World Boxing Council
The World Boxing Council (WBC) is an international professional boxing organization. It is among the four major organizations which sanction professional boxing bouts, alongside the World Boxing Association (WBA), International Boxing Federation (IBF) and World Boxing Organization (WBO).

Many historically high-profile bouts have been sanctioned by the organization with various notable fighters having been recognised as WBC world champions. All four organizations recognise the legitimacy of each other and each have interwoven histories dating back several decades.

Adrien Broner
Adrien Jerome Broner (/ˈbroʊnər/; born July 28, 1989) is an American former professional boxer. He won world championships in four weight classes including the World Boxing Organization (WBO) super featherweight title from 2011 to 2012, the World Boxing Council (WBC) lightweight title from 2012 to 2013, the World Boxing Association (WBA) welterweight title in 2013, and the WBA super lightweight title from 2015 to 2016.
Wasted Youth (American band)
Wasted Youth (also known as LA's Wasted Youth) was an early 1980s hardcore punk band from Los Angeles, California. The band followed in the footsteps of Black Flag and Circle Jerks. It was a prominent and popular act among the Los Angeles punk underground. Other bands active in the early 1980s Los Angeles punk scene were The Adolescents, T.S.O.L., Social Distortion, Bad Religion, Agent Orange, and The Stains.

Footage of the original lineup (1981–1983) can be seen in the film Slog Movie, which is a film documenting the Orange County punk scene.

Electric Love Hogs
Electric Love Hogs were a short-lived American funk rock band formed in San Diego, California, in 1991. The band's lineup consisted of John Feldmann (vocals, guitar), Dave Kushner (guitar), Donny Campion (guitar), Kelly LeMieux (bass) and Bobby Hewitt (drums, percussion). They released one self-titled album in 1992, followed by a tour of the United States and United Kingdom, before they disbanded the following year.