hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
List of heads of state of Mauritius
This is a list of heads of state of Mauritius since the independence of Mauritius in 1968.

From 1968 to 1992 the head of state under the Mauritius Independence Act 1968 was the queen of Mauritius, Elizabeth II, who was also the monarch of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The queen was represented in Mauritius by a governor-general. Mauritius became a republic under the Constitution of 1992 and the monarch and governor-general were replaced by a ceremonial president.

In 1992, Mauritius became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations. Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be head of state, Queen of Mauritius; the last governor-general, Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo, was appointed the first president of Mauritius. The president is elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term. In the event of a vacancy the vice-president of Mauritius serves as acting head of state.

Prithvirajsing Roopun
Prithvirajsing (Pradeep) Roopun GCSK (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [pʁitviʁad͡ʒsiŋ ʁupʌn]; born 24 May 1959) is a Mauritian politician who served as the seventh president of Mauritius from 2019 to 2024.
Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3 (niacin). It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH+3; pKa = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO−; pKa = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

Tryptophan is named after the digestive enzymes trypsin, which were used in its first isolation from casein proteins. It was assigned the one-letter symbol W based on the double ring being visually suggestive to the bulky letter.

Precursor (chemistry)
In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound.

In biochemistry, the term "precursor" often refers more specifically to a chemical compound preceding another in a metabolic pathway, such as a protein precursor.
2020 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 European Figure Skating Championships were held in Graz, Austria, on 20–26 January 2020. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pairs, and ice dance. The competition determined the entry quotas for each federation at the 2021 European Championships.

2021 Russian Figure Skating Championships
The 2021 Russian Figure Skating Championships (Russian: Чемпионат России по фигурному катанию на коньках 2021) were held from 23 to 27 December 2020 in Chelyabinsk. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The results were among the criteria used to select the Russian team for the 2021 World Championships.
2009 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 2009 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa and the Iowa Hawkeyes athletic program during the 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season.  The team played its home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa. 2009 marked Kirk Ferentz's 11th year as head coach of Iowa. The Hawkeyes finished the season as the 2010 Orange Bowl Champions.

The Hawkeyes came off a 9–4 season in 2008, including a win over South Carolina in the Outback Bowl and a 24–23 upset of Big Ten champion of Penn State.

2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season
The 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the highest level of college football competition in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

The regular season began on September 3, 2009, and ended on December 12, 2009. The postseason concluded on January 7, 2010, with the BCS National Championship Game in Pasadena, California, where the Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Texas Longhorns by the score of 37–21.

For the first time in the history of the Heisman Trophy, the annual award for the most outstanding player in college football, two previous Heisman winners played in the same season—2008 winner Sam Bradford of Oklahoma and 2007 winner Tim Tebow of Florida. For the first time since 1946, the top three vote-getters from the previous season all returned: Bradford, Colt McCoy of Texas, and Tebow, in that order.  Six teams finished the regular season undefeated; a record for the BCS era.
Hairy woodpecker
The hairy woodpecker (Leuconotopicus villosus) is a medium-sized woodpecker that is found over a large area of North America. It is approximately 250 mm (9.8 in) in length with a 380 mm (15 in) wingspan. With an estimated population in 2020 of almost nine million individuals, the hairy woodpecker is listed by the IUCN as a species of least concern. The species was previously placed in the genus Dryobates.

Pinyon jay
The pinyon jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) is a species of jay, and is the only member of the genus Gymnorhinus. Native to Western North America, the species ranges from central Oregon to northern Baja California, and eastward as far as western Oklahoma, though wanderers are often sighted beyond this range. It is typically found within foothills, especially where pinyon pines (Pinus edulis and Pinus monophylla) occur.
Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus (pl.: sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a coffin, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word sarcophagus comes from the Greek σάρξ sarx meaning "flesh", and φαγεῖν phagein meaning "to eat"; hence sarcophagus means "flesh-eating", from the phrase lithos sarkophagos (λίθος σαρκοφάγος), "flesh-eating stone". The word also came to refer to a particular kind of limestone that was thought to rapidly facilitate the decomposition of the flesh of corpses contained within it due to the chemical properties of the limestone itself.

Columbarium
A columbarium (/ˌkɒləmˈbɛəri.əm/; pl. columbaria), also called a cinerarium, is a structure for the reverential and usually public storage of funerary urns holding cremated remains of the dead. The term comes from the Latin columba (dove) and originally solely referred to compartmentalized housing for doves and pigeons, also called dovecotes.
Edwin Starr
Charles Edwin Hatcher  (January 21, 1942 – April 2, 2003), known by his stage name Edwin Starr, was an American singer and songwriter. He is best remembered for his Norman Whitfield-produced Motown singles of the 1970s, most notably the number-one hit "War".

Born in Nashville and raised in Cleveland, Ohio, he later lived in Detroit while singing for Ric-Tic and Motown Records. He was backed by the band that became known as "Black Merda". Hawkins and Veasey of the group played on most of his early hits on the Ric Tic Label. Starr's songs "Twenty-Five Miles" and "Stop the War Now" were also major successes, in 1969 and 1971 respectively. In the 1970s Starr moved to England, where he continued to produce music and resided until his death.

Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
The Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart ranks the most popular R&B and hip hop songs in the United States and is published weekly by Billboard. Rankings are based on a measure of radio airplay, sales data, and streaming activity. The chart had 100 positions but was shortened to 50 positions in October 2012.

The chart is used to track the success of popular music songs in urban, or primarily African-American, venues. Dominated over the years at various times by jazz, Blues rhythm and blues, doo-wop, rock and roll, soul, and funk, it is today dominated by contemporary R&B and hip hop. Since its inception, the chart has changed its name many times in order to accurately reflect the industry at the time.
Mallapally
Mallappally is a census village in the Mallappally Gram Panchayat of Mallappally taluk, Pathanamthitta district, Kerala. It falls under the Thiruvalla Revenue Division and Thiruvalla Constituency. The nearest railway station is Thiruvalla (15 km). As of 2011, Mallappally had a population of 17,693.

Mallappally is the original home of many non-resident Indians, and has one of the lowest population growth and highest literacy rates in India.

Ranni, Kerala
Ranni (or Ranny) is a town in the Pathanamthitta district of Kerala, India, and the 16th largest taluk in the state. The town is situated on both sides of the Pamba River. It falls under the Thiruvalla Revenue Division and is located 27 km from Thiruvalla railway station and NH 183 in Thiruvalla.
Gun barrel
A gun barrel is a crucial part of gun-type weapons such as small firearms, artillery pieces, and air guns.  It is the straight shooting tube, usually made of rigid high-strength metal, through which a contained rapid expansion of high-pressure gas(es) is used to propel a projectile out of the front end (muzzle) at a high velocity.  The hollow interior of the barrel is called the bore, and the diameter of the bore is called its calibre, usually measured in inches or millimetres.

The first firearms were made at a time when metallurgy was not advanced enough to cast tubes capable of withstanding the explosive forces of early cannons, so the pipe (often built from staves of metal) needed to be braced periodically along its length for structural reinforcement, producing an appearance somewhat reminiscent of storage barrels being stacked together, hence the English name.

Lock (firearm)
The lock of a firearm is the mechanism used to initiate firing. It is generally used as a historical term, referring to such mechanisms used in muzzle-loading and early breech-loading firearms, as modern firearms uniformly fire by use of a firing pin to strike the rear of a cartridge. Side-lock refers to the type of construction in which the individual components of the mechanism are mounted on either side of a single plate. The assembly is then mounted to the stock on the side of the firearm. In modern firearm designs, the mechanism to initiate firing is generally constructed within the frame or receiver of the firearm and is referred to as the firing or trigger mechanism.
Lifetime (TV channel)
Lifetime is an American basic cable channel that is part of Lifetime Entertainment Services, a subsidiary of A+E Global Media, which is jointly owned by Hearst Communications and the Walt Disney Company. It features programming that is geared toward women or features women in lead roles.
As of November 2023, Lifetime is available to approximately 63,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.

As of November 2023, Lifetime has garnered nominations for 63 Emmy Awards, 8 Golden Globe Awards and 20 Critics' Choice Movie Awards.

Jason Priestley
Jason Bradford Priestley (born August 28, 1969) is a Canadian-American actor and television director. Priestley starred as virtuous Brandon Walsh on the television series Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–1998, 2000). His other television roles include Richard "Fitz" Fitzpatrick in the show Call Me Fitz (2010–2013) and Matt Shade in the Canadian series Private Eyes (2016–2021).
Netflix
Netflix is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service. The service primarily distributes original and acquired films and television shows from various genres. It is available internationally in multiple languages.

Launched in 2007, nearly a decade after Netflix, Inc. began its pioneering DVD-by-mail movie rental service, Netflix is the most-subscribed video on demand streaming media service, with 325 million paid memberships in more than 190 countries as of 2026. By 2022, "Netflix Original" productions accounted for half of its library in the United States and the namesake company had ventured into other categories, such as video game publishing of mobile games through its flagship service. As of 2025, Netflix is the 18th most-visited website in the world, with 21.18% of its traffic coming from the United States, followed by the United Kingdom at 6.01%, Canada at 4.94%, and Brazil at 4.24%.

BlackAF
#blackAF is an American sitcom created by Kenya Barris. It premiered on Netflix on April 17, 2020. The title derives from AAVE Internet slang, where "AF" is a term of emphasis, meaning "as fuck".  In June 2020, the series was renewed for a second season. A year later, the renewal decision was reversed and the series was canceled after one season.
Greene County, Mississippi
Greene County is a county located on the southeast border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,530. Its county seat is Leakesville. Established in 1811, the county was named for General Nathanael Greene of the American Revolutionary War.

Clarke County, Mississippi
Clarke County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,615. Its county seat is Quitman. Clarke County is named for Joshua G. Clarke, the first Mississippi state chancellor and judge.

The county is part of the Meridian, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Marie Claire
Marie Claire (stylized in all lowercase; French: [maʁi klɛːʁ]) is a French international monthly women's fashion magazine first published in France in 1937. Since then various editions are published in many countries and languages.

The feature editions focus on women around the world and global issues. Marie Claire magazine also covers health, beauty, fashion, politics, finance, and career topics.

Azzedine Alaïa
Azzedine Alaïa (French: [azedin alaja]; Arabic: عز الدين عليّة, romanized: ʿIzz ad-Dīn ʿAlayya, pronounced [ʕizz adˈdiːn ʕaˈlajja]; 26 February 1935 – 18 November 2017) was a Tunisian-French couturier and shoe designer. He became globally known particularly beginning in the 1980s for his women's dresses and he would dress numerous celebrities throughout his career.
Peloponnese
The Peloponnese, Peloponnesus, or Morea, is a peninsula and geographic region in Southern Greece, and the southernmost region of the Balkans. It is connected to the central part of the country by the Isthmus of Corinth land bridge, which separates the Gulf of Corinth from the Saronic Gulf. From the late Middle Ages until the 19th century, the peninsula was known as the Morea, a name still in colloquial use in its demotic form.

The peninsula is divided among three administrative regions: most belong to the Peloponnese region, with smaller parts belonging to the West Greece and Attica regions.

Arvanitika
Arvanitika (/ˌɑːrvəˈnɪtɪkə/; Arvanitika: αρbε̰ρίσ̈τ, romanized: arbërisht; Greek: αρβανίτικα, romanized: arvanítika), also known as Arvanitic, is the variety of Albanian traditionally spoken by the Arvanites, a population group in Greece. Arvanitika was brought to Southern Greece during the late Middle Ages by Albanian settlers who moved south from their homeland in present-day Albania in several waves. The dialect preserves elements of medieval Albanian, while also being significantly influenced by the Greek language. Arvanitika is today endangered, as its speakers have been shifting to the use of Greek and most younger members of the community no longer speak it.
DeWitt County, Illinois
DeWitt County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 15,516. Its county seat is Clinton. The county was formed as De Witt County on March 1, 1839, from Macon and McLean counties. The county was named in honor of the seventh Governor of New York State, De Witt Clinton.

DeWitt County is included in Bloomington–Normal, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) list the county's name as De Witt, although the county uses the name DeWitt (no space).

Moultrie County, Illinois
Moultrie County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, its population was 14,526. Its county seat is Sullivan. The name is pronounced as in "mole tree", unlike the pronunciation of its namesake, the South Carolinian Revolutionary War hero William Moultrie.
Federal government of the United States
The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government or U.S. government) is the national government of the United States.

The United States federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The powers of these three branches are defined and vested by the Constitution of the United States, which has been in continuous effect since March 4, 1789. The powers and duties of these branches are further defined by acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments and courts subordinate to the Supreme Court of the United States.

In the federal division of power, the federal government shares sovereignty with each of the 50 states in their respective territories. United States law recognizes Indigenous tribes as possessing sovereign powers, while being subject to federal jurisdiction.

Radical right (United States)
In the politics of the United States, the radical right is a political preference that leans towards ultraconservatism, white nationalism, white supremacy, or other far-right ideologies in a hierarchical structure which is paired with conspiratorial rhetoric alongside traditionalist and reactionary aspirations. The term was first used by social scientists in the 1950s regarding small groups such as the John Birch Society in the United States, and since then it has been applied to similar groups worldwide. The term "radical" was applied to the groups because they sought to make fundamental (hence "radical") changes within institutions and remove persons and institutions that threatened their values or economic interests from political life.
Wakefield, Bronx
Wakefield is a working-class and middle-class section of the northern borough of the Bronx in New York City. It is bounded by the city's border with Westchester County to the north, East 222nd Street to the south, and the Bronx River Parkway to the west.

Wakefield is the northernmost neighborhood in New York City (although, because of the slant of the Hudson and the grid system relative to true north, the city's northernmost point is actually in Riverdale, at the University of Mount Saint Vincent). The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community District 12 and its ZIP Codes are 10466 and 10470. Wakefield is patrolled by the 47th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.

Bedford Park, Bronx
Bedford Park is a residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City, adjacent to the New York Botanical Garden. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are: Mosholu Parkway to the north, Webster Avenue to the east, East 196th Street to the south, and Jerome Avenue to the west.

The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community District 7, and its ZIP Codes include 10458 and 10468. The area is patrolled by the 52nd Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
PM (BBC Radio 4)
PM, sometimes referred to as the PM programme to avoid ambiguity, is BBC Radio 4's long-running early evening news and current affairs programme. It is currently presented by Evan Davis and produced by BBC News.

Launched in 1970, PM is known for its serious news content and occasional satirical commentary. Evan Davis has served as the lead presenter since 2018. The show also spun off a programme called iPM, which allowed listeners to engage in discussions and influence content through a blog. PM has won awards at the Sony Radio Academy Awards, and its production team also work on other Radio 4 programmes.

Woman's Hour
Woman's Hour is a radio magazine programme broadcast on BBC Radio 4. It has been on the air since 1946, and has been broadcast on BBC Radio 4 since 1973. The programme features interviews and discussions with guests about issues relevant to a female audience. It is broadcast at 10:00am on weekdays and is presented by Nuala McGovern or Anita Rani. There is also a weekend version of the programme which features highlights from the week's programmes.
Black-winged stilt
The black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is a widely distributed, very long-legged wader in the avocet and stilt family Recurvirostridae. Its scientific name, Himantopus himantopus, is sometimes used to generalize a single, almost cosmopolitan species. Alternatively, it is restricted to the form that is widespread in Europe, Asia and Africa, which equals the nominate group of H. himantopus sensu lato. Meanwhile, the black-necked (H. mexicanus) and white-backed stilts (H. melanurus) both inhabit the Americas; the pied stilt (H. leucocephalus) ranges from Australia and New Zealand. Today, most sources accept between one and four actual species.

Coot
Coots are medium-sized water birds that are members of the rail family, Rallidae. They constitute the genus Fulica, the name being the Latin term for "coot". Coots have predominantly black plumage, and—unlike many rails—they are usually easy to see, often swimming in open water.
Fernando Lopez
Fernando "Nanding" Hofileña Lopez Sr. KGCR (April 13, 1904 – May 26, 1993) was a Filipino statesman. A member of the influential López family of Iloilo, he served as vice president of the Philippines under Presidents Elpidio Quirino from 1949 to 1953 under the Liberal Party and Ferdinand Marcos from 1965 to 1972, under the Nacionalista Party. He was also the chairman of ABS-CBN Corporation from 1986 to his death in 1993.

Sergio Osmeña Jr.
Sergio "Serging" Veloso Osmeña Jr. (December 4, 1916 – March 26, 1984) was a Filipino politician who served as a Senator of the Philippines, and ran against Ferdinand Marcos in the 1969 Philippine Presidential election. He was the son of Sergio Osmeña, the fourth president of the Philippines. His sons, Sergio Osmeña III was a Senator of the Philippines, and Tomas Osmeña is a former Mayor of Cebu City.
Network 10
Network 10 (commonly known as the 10 Network, Channel 10 or simply 10) is an Australian commercial television network. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Paramount Skydance's UK & Australia division and is one of the five national free-to-air networks in the country.

As of 2025, Network 10 is the fourth-rated television network and primary channel in Australia, behind the Seven Network, Nine Network and ABC TV and ahead of SBS.

Daryl Somers
Daryl Paul Somers (né Schulz; 6 August 1951) is an Australian television personality and musician, and a triple Gold Logie award winner. He rose to national fame as the host and executive producer of the long-running comedy-variety program Hey Hey It's Saturday and continued his television celebrity and status as host of the live-performance program Dancing with the Stars.

Somers was honoured in 2004 with the award of a Medal of the Order of Australia, and by Australia Post in 2018 by having his portrait featured on a series of postage stamps.