hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)

Al-Rabiaa
Al-Rabiaa (Arabic: الربيعة, also spelled al-Rabie or Rabi'a) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, west of Hama. Nearby localities include Tayzin and Matnin to the east, Kafr al-Tun to the north, Umm al-Tuyur to the northwest, Deir al-Salib to the west, Billin to the southwest, al-Muaa to the south and Kafr Buhum to the southeast. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Rabiaa had a population of 7,508 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
Taisia Afonina
Taisia Kirillovna Afonina (Russian: Таи́сия Кири́лловна Афо́нина; 13 May 1913  – 19 April 1994) was a Soviet painter and watercolorist. She lived and worked in Leningrad, was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 - the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), and is regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

German Tatarinov
German Alexeevich Tatarinov (Russian: Ге́рман Алексе́евич Тата́ринов; 26 September 1925 – 3 August 2006) – Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.
Darcy Marquardt
Darcy Marquardt (born March 22, 1979) is a Canadian rower.

She graduated from the University of Victoria in 2005 with a major in French, and a minor in Psychology.

She has been on the National Women's Rowing Team for 10 years (2002-2012). In her first year on the team, Darcy won a silver medal in the women's fours event at the 2002 World Championships in Seville, Spain and the following year, a bronze in the eights at the 2003 World Championships and Olympic Qualifier in Milan, Italy.

She placed fourth in the 2004 Summer Olympics, with partner Buffy-Lynne Williams, and she was the 2006 World Champion in the Woman's Pairs with Jane Thornton. She finished in fourth at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the women's eight. She won two more silver medals at world championship level, both in the women's eights, in 2010 and 2011.

Most recently, Darcy won an Olympic silver medal in the Women's Eight at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

Lesley Thompson
Lesley Allison Thompson-Willie (born September 20, 1959) is a Canadian rowing coxswain and Olympic champion.  Between 1984 and 2016, she has competed at eight Olympic Games, a record for a rower, winning medals in five of them including gold in the eight at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.
Magazine
A magazine is a periodical publication, print or digital, produced on a regular schedule, that contains any of a variety of subject-oriented textual and visual content forms. Magazines are generally financed by advertising, purchase price, prepaid subscriptions, or by a combination of the three. They are categorised by their frequency of publication (i.e., as weeklies, monthlies, quarterlies, etc.), their target audiences (e.g., women's and trade magazines), their subjects of focus (e.g., popular science and religious), and their tones or approach (e.g., works of satire or humor). Appearance on the cover of print magazines has historically been understood to convey a place of honor or distinction to an individual or event.

Covermount
Covermount (sometimes written cover mount) is the name given to storage media (containing software and or audiovisual media) or other products (ranging from toys to flip-flops) packaged as part of a magazine or newspaper. The name comes from the method of packaging; the media or product is placed in a transparent plastic sleeve and mounted on the cover of the magazine with adhesive tape or glue.
Therapy?
Therapy? are  a Northern Irish rock band from Larne, formed in 1989 by guitarist-vocalist Andy Cairns and drummer-vocalist Fyfe Ewing. Therapy? recorded their first demo with Cairns filling in on bass guitar. To complete the lineup, the band recruited Larne bassist Michael McKeegan. The band signed with major label A&M Records in 1992, for which they released four albums, most notably Troublegum in 1994 and Infernal Love in 1995. Ewing's departure in early 1996 preceded the arrivals of his replacement Graham Hopkins, as well as Martin McCarrick on guitar and cello. Neil Cooper replaced Hopkins in 2002. McCarrick departed in 2004, and the band have remained a three-piece ever since.

Therapy? are currently signed to UK independent label Marshall Records. The band have released 14 studio albums and sold over two million albums worldwide.

Biohazard (band)
Biohazard is an American hardcore band formed in Brooklyn, New York City, in 1987. They are one of the earliest bands to fuse hardcore punk and heavy metal with elements of hip hop. The original lineup consisted of bassist/vocalist Evan Seinfeld, guitarist Bobby Hambel, and drummer Anthony Meo. Guitarist/vocalist Billy Graziadei joined soon after, and drummer Danny Schuler replaced Meo before the recording of their first album, thus solidifying the band's lineup from 1988 to 1995.

After several lineup changes, a breakup, a 2008 reunion, and a seven-year period of inactivity, the classic lineup of Seinfeld, Graziadei, Hambel, and Schuler reunited in 2022 and began performing again in 2023.
Manilyn Reynes
Manilyn Reynes-Manaloto (born Manilyn Villamor Reynes on April 27, 1972), is a Filipina actress, singer and television presenter. She is regarded as a Philippine pop culture icon and dubbed as the Star of All Decades. She has achieved mainstream success across film, music and television. She is currently an exclusive talent of GMA Network. She has received accolades from the FAMAS Awards, Awit Awards, and Metro Manila Film Festival.
She is the fourth actress with the most wins (3) at the PMPC Star Awards for TV in the "Best Comedy Actress" category.

Reynes was listed as Scream queen in Shake, Rattle & Roll film series her first scream in Aswang of Shake, Rattle & Roll II.

Ice Seguerra
Ice Seguerra (born Cariza Yamson Seguerra; 17 September  1983), formerly Aiza Seguerra, is a Filipino actor, singer-songwriter, director and guitarist.

Initially coming out as a lesbian in 2007, Seguerra also came out as a transgender man in 2014. On 12 August 2016, Seguerra was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte as Chairperson of the National Youth Commission.
Jack Warner (actor)
Jack Warner (born Horace John Waters; 24 October 1895 – 24 May 1981) was a British actor. He is closely associated with the role of PC George Dixon, which he played in the 1950 film The Blue Lamp and later in the television series Dixon of Dock Green from 1955 until 1976, but he was also for some years one of Britain's most popular film stars.  He also periodically released novelty records - comic songs or collections related to his Dixon role - for example his 1958 release "An Ordinary Copper" which was released by Oriole Records - and reissued twice afterward.

Gainsborough Pictures
Gainsborough Pictures was a British film studio based on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton, London. Gainsborough Studios was active between 1924 and 1951. The company was initially based at Islington Studios, which were built as a power station for the Great Northern & City Railway and later converted to studios.

Other films were made at Lime Grove and Pinewood Studios. The former Islington studio was converted to flats in 2004 and a London Borough of Hackney historical plaque is attached to the building. The studio is best remembered for the Gainsborough melodramas it produced in the 1940s.

Gainsborough Pictures is now owned by Gregory Motton.
Assam macaque
The Assam macaque (Macaca assamensis) or Assamese macaque is a macaque of the Old World monkey family native to South and Southeast Asia. Since 2008, it has been listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List, as it is experiencing significant declines due to poaching, habitat degradation, and fragmentation.

Western hoolock gibbon
The western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) is a primate from the gibbon family, Hylobatidae. The species is found in Assam, Mizoram, and Meghalaya in India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar west of the Chindwin River.
Gamma Ray (band)
Gamma Ray is a German power metal band from Hamburg, founded and fronted by Kai Hansen after his departure from power metal band Helloween, in 1989. He is the band's lead vocalist, guitarist and chief songwriter. Between 1990 and 2014, Gamma Ray recorded eleven studio albums.

Edguy
Edguy is a German power metal band formed in 1992 in Fulda by students Tobias Sammet, Jens Ludwig, Dominik Storch, and Dirk Sauer. Initially named after their math teacher, the band faced early rejections from record labels but persevered, releasing their unofficial debut album, Savage Poetry, in 1995. They gained wider recognition with their subsequent albums, including Kingdom of Madness (1997) and Vain Glory Opera (1998), featuring guest appearances from notable musicians. Over the years, Edguy has evolved their sound, with Sammet also launching the successful metal opera project Avantasia. The band has released multiple studio albums, including Age of the Joker (2011) and Space Police: Defenders of the Crown (2014), and has engaged in extensive touring. As of March 2020, Edguy is on hiatus while Sammet focuses on new Avantasia material.
Milman Parry
Milman Parry (June 23, 1902 – December 3, 1935) was an American Classicist whose theories on the origin of Homer's works have revolutionized Homeric studies to such a fundamental degree that he has been described as the "Darwin of Homeric studies". In addition, he was a pioneer in the discipline of oral tradition.

Homeric Question
The Homeric Question concerns the doubts and consequent debate over the identity of Homer, the authorship of the Iliad and Odyssey, and their historicity (especially concerning the Iliad). The subject has its roots in classical antiquity and the scholarship of the Hellenistic period, but has flourished among Homeric scholars of the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries.

The main subtopics of the Homeric Question are:

"Who is Homer?"

"Are the Iliad and the Odyssey of multiple or single authorship?"

"By whom, when, where, and under what circumstances were the poems composed?"

To these questions the possibilities of modern textual criticism and archaeological answers have added a few more:

"How reliable is the tradition embodied in the Homeric poems?"

"How old are the oldest elements in Homeric poetry which can be dated with certainty?"
White-throated round-eared bat
The white-throated round-eared bat (Lophostoma silvicola) is a bat species found from Honduras to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It creates roosts inside the nests of the termite, Nasutitermes corniger. It thrives on a mainly insect-based diet, focusing on the surfaces of foliage to hunt, and also eats fruit and pollen. It has a very wide range and is a common species over much of that range, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".

Brock's yellow-eared bat
Brock's yellow-eared bat (Vampyriscus brocki) is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. It is native to Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Peru.

This bat lives in evergreen forest. It eats mostly fruit. It breeds during the rainy season.
Danilo Kiš
Danilo Kiš (Serbian Cyrillic: Данило Киш; born Dániel Kiss; 22 February 1935 – 15 October 1989) was a Yugoslav and Serbian novelist, short story writer, essayist and translator. His best known works include Hourglass, A Tomb for Boris Davidovich and The Encyclopedia of the Dead.

Borislav Pekić
Borislav Pekić (Serbian Cyrillic: Борислав Пекић, pronounced [bǒrislaʋ pěkitɕ]; 4 February 1930 – 2 July 1992) was a Serbian writer and political activist.

He was born to a prominent family in Montenegro, at that time part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. From 1945 until his emigration to London in 1971, he lived in Belgrade. He was also one of the founding members of the Democratic Party in Serbia. He is considered one of the most important Serbian literary figures of the 20th century.
2000 UEFA Champions League final
The 2000 UEFA Champions League final was a football match that took place on 24 May 2000. The match was played at Stade de France in Saint-Denis, France, to determine the winner of the 1999–2000 UEFA Champions League. Spanish teams Real Madrid (playing in their eleventh final in the competition) and Valencia (in their maiden appearance at this stage) were the participants in the first final in the history of the European Cup or Champions League to feature two clubs from the same country.

Real Madrid won 3–0 to claim the trophy for a record-extending eighth time.

1964 European Cup final
The 1964 European Cup final was a football match played at the Prater Stadium in Vienna, Austria on 27 May 1964 as the conclusion to the 1963–64 European Cup.

The match was contested by Inter Milan of Italy and five-time former winners Real Madrid of Spain.

A brace from Sandro Mazzola alongside a goal from Aurelio Milani helped Inter Milan to a 3–1 victory as they won the trophy for the first time.
Gladiolus
Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).

It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural gladioli).

The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The center of diversity is in the Cape Floristic Region. The genera Acidanthera, Anomalesia, Homoglossum, and Oenostachys, formerly considered distinct, are now included in Gladiolus.

Crocosmia
Crocosmia (/krəˈkɒzmiə, kroʊ-/), also known as montbretia (/mɒnˈbriːʃə/), is a small genus of flowering plants in the iris family, Iridaceae. It is native to the grasslands of southern and eastern Africa, ranging from South Africa to Sudan. One species is endemic to Madagascar.
Elizabeth Maconchy
Dame Elizabeth Violet Maconchy LeFanu DBE (/məˈkɒŋkiː ˈlɛfænuː/; 19 March 1907 – 11 November 1994) was an English-Irish composer. She is considered to be one of the finest composers Great Britain and Ireland have produced.

Arnold Cooke
Arnold Atkinson Cooke (4 November 1906 – 13 August 2005) was a British composer, a pupil of Paul Hindemith. He wrote a considerable amount of chamber music, including five string quartets and many instrumental sonatas, much of which is only now becoming accessible through modern recordings. Cooke also composed two operas (still unperformed), six symphonies and several concertos.
Nearctic realm
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.

The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America that are not in the Nearctic realm include most of coastal Mexico, southern Mexico, southern Florida, coastal central Florida, Central America, Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Together with South America, these regions are part of the Neotropical realm.

Biogeographic realm
A biogeographic realm is the broadest biogeographic division of Earth's land surface, based on distributional patterns of terrestrial organisms. They are subdivided into bioregions, which are further subdivided into ecoregions.
A biogeographic realm is also known as "ecozone", although that term may also refer to ecoregions.
Arms embargo
An arms embargo is a restriction or a set of sanctions that applies either solely to weaponry or also to "dual-use technology." An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:

to signal disapproval of the behavior of a certain actor

to maintain neutrality in an ongoing conflict

as a peace mechanism that is part of a peace process to resolve an armed conflict

to limit the ability of an actor to inflict violence on others

to weaken a country's military capabilities before a foreign intervention

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973
Resolution 1973 was adopted by the United Nations Security Council on 17 March 2011 in response to the First Libyan Civil War. The resolution formed the legal basis for military intervention in the Libyan Civil War, demanding "an immediate ceasefire" and authorizing the international community to establish a no-fly zone and to use all means necessary short of foreign occupation to protect civilians.

The Security Council resolution was proposed by France, Lebanon, and the United Kingdom. Ten Security Council members voted in the affirmative (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Gabon, Lebanon, Nigeria, Portugal, South Africa, and permanent members France, the United Kingdom, and the United States). Five (Brazil, Germany, and India, and permanent members China and Russia) abstained, with none opposed.
Kit fox
The kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) is a fox species that inhabits arid and semi-arid regions of the Southwestern United States and northern and central Mexico. These foxes are the smallest of the four species of Vulpes occurring in North America and are among the smallest of the vulpines worldwide. It has also been called a North American counterpart of the fennec fox due to its large ears.

Greater roadrunner
The greater roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus) is a long-legged bird in the cuckoo family, Cuculidae, from the Aridoamerica region in the Southwestern United States and Mexico. The scientific name means "Californian earth-cuckoo". Along with the lesser roadrunner, it is one of two species in the genus Geococcyx. This roadrunner is also known as the chaparral cock, ground cuckoo, and snake killer.
Khalid Al Qassimi
Sheikh Khalid bin Faisal bin Sultan Al Qassimi (Arabic: الشيخ خالد بن فيصل بن سلطان القاسمي; born 18 February 1972) is a rally driver from the United Arab Emirates, and a member of the royal house of Al Qasimi who rule the Emirates of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah, and has competed in the World Rally Championship and Dakar Rally.

Craig Breen
Craig Breen (2 February 1990 – 13 April 2023) was an Irish rally driver who last competed part time for the Hyundai team in the World Rally Championship (WRC). He won the 2012 Super 2000 WRC, scoring class wins in the Monte Carlo Rally, Wales Rally GB, Rally France and the Rally of Spain. Breen won the WRC Academy Cup in 2011, winning his first event at the 2011 Rallye Deutschland and sealing the championship with a win at Wales Rally GB. The Academy title going down to the last stage, with Breen and Estonian rally driver Egon Kaur ending the season, both on 111 points, Breen then won the title on count back of stage wins, 39 to 14. Breen won the 2021 Rentokil Historic Rally in Killarney, Kerry, Ireland in his BMW M3 E30.

Breen died on 13 April 2023 after a collision with a post which punctured the cabin of the Hyundai i20 he was driving during a pre-event test ahead of the 2023 Croatia Rally.
Kumar Gandharva
Pandit Kumar Gandharva (pronunciation: [kumaːɾ ɡən̪d̪ʱəɾʋə], Kn: ಕುಮಾರ್ ಗಂಧರ್ವ; 8 April 1924 – 12 January 1992), originally known as Shivaputra Siddharamayya Komkalimath was an Indian classical singer, well known for his unique vocal style and for his refusal to be bound by the tradition of any gharana. The name, Kumar Gandharva, is a title given to him when he was a child prodigy; a Gandharva is a musical spirit in Hindu mythology.

Vasantrao Deshpande
Vasantrao Deshpande (2 May 1920 – 30 July 1983) pronunciationⓘ was a Hindustani classical vocalist renowned for his contribution to Sangeet Natak. Deshpande notably starred in Purushottam Darvhekar's  popular play Katyar Kaljat Ghusli.
Sečanj
Sečanj (Serbian Cyrillic: Сечањ, Hungarian: Torontálszécsány) is a town located in the Central Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.  As of 2022 census, the town itself had a population of 1,889, while the Sečanj municipality has 10,544 inhabitants.

Bela Crkva
Bela Crkva (Serbian Cyrillic: Бела Црква, pronounced [bɛ̂ːlaː tsr̩̂ːkv̞a]; German: Weißkirchen; Hungarian: Fehértemplom; Romanian: Biserica Albă) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 7,456, while the Bela Crkva municipality has 14,451 inhabitants (2022 census).

Bela Crkva lakes at the outskirts of the town are a popular summer tourist destination.
De Ronde van Frankrijk
De Ronde van Frankrijk (The Tour de France) was a Belgian gag cartoon comic strip series by Marc Sleen, in which he made a comedic report of every daily tournament of the annual cycling contest the Tour de France. Sleen drew the strip each year, from 1947 up until 1964, for the Flemish newspapers Het Vrije Volksblad and Het Volk.

On 1 January 2030, all comics series by Marc Sleen, including De Ronde van Frankrijk, will enter public domain, in accordance with the Marc Sleen Foundation.

Oktaaf Keunink
Oktaaf Keunink (sometimes written as Octaaf, even though most album titles refer to the series as "Oktaaf") was a Belgian comics series, written and drawn by Marc Sleen. It was published between 16 November 1952 and 4 April 1965 in the magazine Ons Zondagsblad.

On 1 January 2030, all comics series by Marc Sleen, including Oktaaf Keunink, will enter public domain, in accordance with the Marc Sleen Foundation.
Masa Takanashi
Masahiro Takanashi (高梨 将弘, Takanashi Masahiro, born January 22, 1983) is a Japanese professional wrestler, also known by the ring name Masa Takanashi (マサ高梨). Takanashi was trained by Dramatic Dream Team (DDT) and has worked for the promotion since his debut in September 2003, becoming a one-time KO-D Openweight Champion, a two-time KO-D Tag Team Champion, a seven-time KO-D 6-Man Tag Team Champion, a two-time DDT Extreme Champion, an 18-time Ironman Heavymetalweight Champion and a one-time UWA World Trios Champion. Takanashi is also known for his work in women's wrestling promotion Ice Ribbon, where he performed under the ring name Ribbon Takanashi (リボン高梨, Ribon Takanashi) and became a one-time International Ribbon Tag Team and Triangle Ribbon Champion.

Yumehito Imanari
Yumehito Imanari (今成夢人, Imanari Yumehito) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working for CyberFight. He appears on the Ganbare☆Pro-Wrestling (GanPro) brand under his real name, and on the DDT Pro-Wrestling brand as part of the Pheromones stable under the name Yumehito "Fantastic" Imanari (今成"ファンタスティック"夢人, Imanari "Fantasutikku" Yumehito).