hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oscillatoria
Oscillatoria is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria. It is often found in freshwater environments. Its name refers to the oscillating motion of its filaments as they slide against each other to position the colony to face a light source. Oscillatoria uses photosynthesis to survive and reproduce. Each filament of Oscillatoria consists of a row of cells called a trichome. The tip of the trichome oscillates like a pendulum.

Reproduction takes place asexually by fragmentation. Usually the filament breaks into a number of fragments called hormogonia. Each hormogonium consist of one or more cells and grows into a filament by cell division in one direction. Hormogonia has capacity for locomotion.

As a result of recent genetic analyses, several new genera were erected from this genus, e.g. Tenebriella.

Microcystis
Microcystis is a genus of freshwater cyanobacteria that includes the harmful algal bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa.

Over the last few decades, cyanobacterial blooms caused by eutrophication have become a major environmental problem in aquatic ecosystems worldwide, and the most representative and harmful cyanobacteria is Microcystis. Microcystis blooms have increased due to global climate change, spanning six continents and causing increased health risks to wildlife and humans.

This article will address the conditions for the growth of Microcystis, physical characteristics, ecology, geographic distribution, and health risks of Microcystis.
Rainbow World Tour
The Rainbow World Tour was the fourth concert tour in 2000 by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey, and supports her seventh studio album Rainbow (1999). The tour started in Europe on February 14, in Antwerp, Belgium, also an itinerary that included North America and ended on April 18, in Toronto. The tour's nine-date North American leg grossed $7.1 million according to Billboard.

The Rainbow World Tour received mixed reviews, with some reviewers critcizing Carey's vocal decline and confusing staging, while others praised it as a lively celebration of her career. Despite the divided reception, many critics felt the tour marked a bold shift in her image and performance style.

Caution World Tour
Caution World Tour was the eleventh concert tour by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey, in support of her fifteenth studio album, Caution. The tour consisted of 35 dates, including shows in North America, Europe and the Caribbean, at a mix of small and mid-size venues and arenas.

The tour received widespread acclaim, with critics praising Mariah Carey’s powerful vocals, commanding stage presence, and a setlist that blended new material with career-spanning hits. Several noted the inclusion of songs from Glitter in a dedicated act of the show, following the "#JusticeForGlitter" campaign on social media that started in 2018, as well the presence of club and hip-hop remixes, fan favorites, and classics on the setlist, which many felt showcased her enduring artistry and legacy.
Ezhava
The Ezhavas, (Malayalam: [iːɻɐʋɐ]) also known as Thiyya or Tiyyar (Malayalam: [t̪ijːɐ]) in the Malabar region, and Chegavar/Chovar (Malayalam: [tʃeɡɐʋɐr, tʃoːʋɐr]) in the south, are a community with origins in the region of India presently known as Kerala, where in the 2010s they constituted about 23% of the population and were reported to be the largest Hindu community.

Ezhava dynasties such as the Mannanar existed in Kerala. The British also formed a separate regiment in the British Indian Army called the Thiyyar Regiment in Malabar, which was one of the oldest army regiments in India. The British deployed this unit in various military operations.

The Ezhavas are classified as an Other Backward Class by the Government of India under its system of positive discrimination.

Zamorin
The Samoothiri (Anglicised as Zamorin; Malayalam: sāmūtiri, sāmūri, [saːmuː(d̪i)ɾi,], Arabic: sāmuri, Portuguese: Samorim, Dutch: Samorijn, Chinese: Shamitihsi) was the title of the erstwhile ruler and monarch of the Calicut kingdom in the South Malabar region of India. Originating from the former feudal kingdom of Nediyiruppu Swaroopam, the Samoothiris and their vassal kings from Nilambur Kovilakam established Calicut as one of the most important trading ports on the southwest coast of India. At the peak of their reign, they ruled over a region extending from Kozhikode Kollam to the forested borders of Panthalayini Kollam (Koyilandy). The Samoothiris belonged to the Eradi subcaste of the Samantan community of colonial Kerala, and were originally the ruling chiefs of Eranad. The final Zamorin of Calicut committed suicide by setting fire to his palace and burning himself alive inside it, upon learning that Hyder Ali had captured the neighboring country of Chirakkal in Kannur.
Nemzeti Bajnokság II
The Nemzeti Bajnokság II (or NBII), currently known as the Merkantil Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of Hungarian football. At the end of the 2004–05 season, the tournament format was changed from one division of 14 teams to two divisions: Keleti (Eastern) and Nyugati (Western), each with 16 teams, though now it's just one league table with 16 teams as of the 2024–25 season. The champion and the runner-up will ascend to the first division, Nemzeti Bajnokság I, while the two lowest teams in second league are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság III.

Debreceni VSC
Debreceni Vasutas Sport Club is a Hungarian professional football club based in Debrecen that competes in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, the first tier of Hungarian football. They are best known internationally for reaching the group stages of the UEFA Champions League in the 2009–10 season. Debrecen have become the second most successful club in Hungary since 2000, winning the Hungarian League seven times.
List of Home and Away characters introduced in 2012
Home and Away is an Australian television soap opera. It was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 17 January 1988. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2012, by order of first appearance. The 25th season of Home and Away began airing from 23 January 2012. Until mid-April, characters are introduced by the soap's executive producer, Cameron Welsh. Thereafter, they are introduced by his successor, Lucy Addario. January also saw Peter Phelps debut as Alan Henderson. Henrietta Brown arrived in February, while Christy Clarke began appearing from March. Melissa Gregg and Lottie Ryan made their first appearances in April. Jett James, Natalie Davison and Danny Braxton made their debuts in May. Kyle Bennett and Tim Graham arrived in August, while Tamara Kingsley, Lisa Flemming, Adam Sharpe and his son, Jamie Sharpe, began appearing from October.

Hugo Johnstone-Burt
Hugo Kingsley Johnstone-Burt (born 10 October 1988) is a Scottish-Australian actor. He grew up in Sydney and decided to become an actor after attending his first drama class. Johnstone-Burt graduated from the National Institute of Dramatic Art in 2009. He appeared in small roles in Australian dramas Rake, Sea Patrol and Underbelly: The Golden Mile, before he was cast as Fish Lamb in Cloudstreet. The role earned him two ASTRA Award nominations. Johnstone-Burt went on to star in Carelesss Love and he took on the role of Constable Hugh Collins in ABC1's Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries. In 2012, Johnstone-Burt appeared in Tricky Business and filmed a guest role in Home and Away. He has also appeared in the musical drama film Goddess (2013) and the disaster film San Andreas (2015).
Scandal Savage
Scandal Savage is a character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She first appeared in Villains United #1 (July 2005), and was created by Gail Simone and Dale Eaglesham. She is the daughter of Vandal Savage and a member of the Secret Six.

DC All In
DC All In is an American comic book initiative spearheaded by writer Scott Snyder and writer Joshua Williamson and debuted in October 2024 by DC Comics. It is the successor of Dawn of DC, following the end of the "Absolute Power" storyline.
Kuzman Knoll
Kuzman Knoll (Kuzmanova Mogila \'kuz-ma-no-va mo-'gi-la\) is a solitary ice-covered knoll rising to 620 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The knoll forms a conspicuous landmark in Wörner Gap area, overlooking Huron Glacier and upper Perunika Glacier.  It was named after Kuzman Tuhchiev, participant in the 1993/94 Bulgarian Antarctic campaign and base commander at St. Kliment Ohridski during the 1994-96 seasons.

The feature is named ‘Tukhchiev Knoll’ by the U.S. and British Antarctic naming committees; "Kuzman Knoll" is the official Bulgarian name, which is established among the Spanish and Bulgarian scientists working in the area.

First ascent by the Bulgarians Kuzman Tuhchiev and Vasil Gurev from St. Kliment Ohridski Base was during the 1994/95 season.

Great Needle Peak
Great Needle Peak (Bulgarian: Голям Иглен връх, romanized: Golyam Iglen vrah, IPA: [ɡoˈʎam ˈiɡlɛn ˈvrɤx]; variant name in Spanish: pico Falsa Aguja, lit. 'False Needle Peak') is the summit of the central Levski Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, Antarctica.  Rising to 1,679.5 m, it is the third highest peak of both the mountains and the island after Mount Friesland (1700.2 m) and St. Boris Peak (1685 m). Great Needle Peak surmounts Huron Glacier and its tributary draining Devnya Valley to the north, Magura Glacier to the east, Srebarna Glacier to the south, and Macy Glacier to the southwest.
Ji Kang
Ji Kang (Chinese: 嵇康, c.224–c.263), sometimes referred to as Xi Kang, courtesy name Shuye (叔夜), was a Chinese composer, essayist, philosopher, and poet of the Three Kingdoms period. He was one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove who held aloof from the dangerous politics of third-century China to devote themselves to art and refinement.

Ji Kang is noted as an author and was also a famous composer and guqin-player. He was described as a handsome and tall man (approximately 1.88 metres).

Liu Ling (poet)
Liu Ling (Chinese: 劉伶), born 221 and died 300 CE, was a Chinese poet and scholar.  Little information survives about his family background, though he is described in historical sources as short and unattractive, with a dissipated appearance.
Folkspartei
The Folkspartei (Yiddish: ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטײַ, romanized: Yidishe Folkspartay, lit. 'Jewish People's Party') was a Jewish Autonomist movement founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Holocaust.

Poale Zion
Poale Zion (Yiddish: פועלי ציון, also romanized Poalei Tziyon or Poaley Syjon, meaning "Workers of Zion") was a movement of Marxist–Zionist Jewish workers founded in various cities of Poland, Europe and the Russian Empire at about the turn of the 20th century after the Bund rejected Zionism in 1901.
Minister of Health (Canada)
The minister of health (French: ministre de la santé) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing health-focused government agencies including Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada, as well as enforcing the Canada Health Act, the law governing Canada's universal health care system.

The current minister is Marjorie Michel.

The minister is responsible for the federal government's Health Portfolio, which comprises:

Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Health Canada

Patented Medicine Prices Review Board

Public Health Agency of Canada

As of 2023, the Health Portfolio consists of approximately 12,000 full-time equivalent employees and an annual budget of over $3.8 billion. The position of associate minister of health (French: ministre associée de la santé) existed from 2021 to 2023.

Jake Epp
Arthur Jacob Epp PC OC (September 1, 1939 – July 5, 2025) was a Canadian politician, cabinet minister, and corporate executive. A Member of Parliament (MP) from 1972 to 1993, he served in several senior roles in the governments of Joe Clark and Brian Mulroney, including as Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Minister of National Health and Welfare, and Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources. He later held key appointments in the energy sector and served as Chancellor of Tyndale University. In 2010, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.
Ovary (botany)
In flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium. Specifically, it is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals. The pistil may be made up of one carpel or of several fused carpels (e.g. dicarpel or tricarpel), and therefore the ovary can contain part of one carpel or parts of several fused carpels. Above the ovary is the style and the stigma, which is where the pollen lands and germinates to grow down through the style to the ovary, and, for each individual pollen grain, to fertilize one individual ovule. Some wind-pollinated flowers have much reduced and modified ovaries.

Floral axis
The floral axis (sometimes referred to as the receptacle) is the area of the flower upon which the reproductive organs and other ancillary organs are attached. It is also the point at the center of a floral diagram. Many flowers in division Angiosperma appear on floral axes. The floral axis can differ in form depending on the type of plant. For example, monocotyledons have a weakly developed floral axis compared to dicotyledons, and will therefore rarely possess a floral disc, which is common among dicotyledons.
Gunboat
A gunboat is a naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies.

Bow (watercraft)
The bow (/baʊ/) is the forward part of the hull of a ship or boat, the point that is farthest forward when the vessel is underway in the usual direction. The aft end of the boat is the stern.

Prow may be used as a synonym for bow, or it may refer specifically to the foremost part of the bow above the waterline.
Comercial Futebol Clube (Ribeirão Preto)
Comercial Futebol Clube (SP), commonly referred to as Comercial de Ribeirão Preto or simply as Comercial, is a professional association football club based in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. The team participates in the Campeonato Paulista Série A4, the fourth tier of the São Paulo state football league.

The club's home colours are white and black and the team mascot is a lion.

Clube Atlético Taquaritinga
Clube Atlético Taquaritinga, commonly known as Taquaritinga, is a Brazilian football club based in Taquaritinga, São Paulo state. It competes in the Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão, the fourth tier of the São Paulo state football league.
Curate
A curate (/ˈkjʊərɪt/) is a person who is invested with the care or cure (cura) of souls of a parish. In this sense, curate means a parish priest; but in many English-speaking countries the term curate is commonly used to describe clergy who are assistants to the parish priest. The duties or office of a curate are called a curacy.

Archdeacon of London
The Archdeacon of London is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England. They are responsible for the eastern Archdeaconry (the Archdeaconry of London) of the Two Cities (London and Westminster) in the Diocese of London, an area without area bishop and, rather, overseen by the diocesan Bishop of London. The immediate western counterpart in this area is the Archdeacon(ry) of Charing Cross.

Since 1989, the churches of this supervisory cleric are the numerous remaining churches of the City of London. Those of the Archdeacon of Charing Cross are the relatively few churches, but much more heavily populated zone that is the City of Westminster.
Bridgestone Arena
Bridgestone Arena (originally Nashville Arena, and formerly Gaylord Entertainment Center and Sommet Center) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1996, it is the home of the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League.

Enterprise Center
Enterprise Center is an 18,096-seat arena located in downtown St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Its primary tenant is the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League, but it is also used for other functions, such as NCAA basketball, NCAA hockey, concerts, professional wrestling and more. In a typical year, the facility hosts about 175 events. Industry trade publication Pollstar has previously ranked Enterprise Center among the top ten arenas worldwide in tickets sold to non-team events, but the facility has since fallen into the upper sixties, as of 2017.

The arena opened in 1994 as the Kiel Center. It was known as the Savvis Center from 2000 to 2006, and Scottrade Center from 2006 to 2018. On May 21, 2018, the St. Louis Blues and representatives of Enterprise Holdings, based in St. Louis, announced that the naming rights had been acquired by Enterprise and that the facility's name, since July 1, 2018, adopted its current name.
Minister for Health and Ageing
The Minister for Health and Ageing is the position in the Australian cabinet responsible for national health and wellbeing and medical research. The incumbent Minister is Labor MP Mark Butler.

In the Government of Australia, the minister is responsible for national health and medical research policy, providing direction and oversight of the Department of Health, Disability and Ageing.

Minister for Immigration and Citizenship
The Minister for Immigration and Citizenship is a ministerial post of the Australian Government and is currently held by Tony Burke since July 2024 in the Albanese ministry.

The post was created in 1945 and its inaugural officeholder was Arthur Calwell as the Minister for Immigration. On 20 December 2017, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull introduced a new major portfolio responsible for national security: Home Affairs.  The Hon Peter Dutton MP retained the duties of Minister for Immigration and Border Protection, with additional responsibilities awarded as the Minister for Home Affairs. Following the appointment of Prime Minister Scott Morrison in August 2018, Morrison re-appointed Peter Dutton to the Home Affairs Ministry,  previously introduced to the 'super-Ministry' under the Turnbull government in December 2017, and appointed David Coleman as Immigration Minister.
Nikita Kuzmin
Nikita Kuzmin (Ukrainian: Нікіта Кузьмін; born 23 December 1997) is a Ukrainian dancer and choreographer. He is best known for being a professional dancer on the RTL and BBC One dance competitions Let's Dance and Strictly Come Dancing. Kuzmin is also the holder of six Italian Championship titles. In 2024 he was the runner-up on the 23rd series of Celebrity Big Brother.

Jowita Przystał
Jowita Maria Przystał (born 22 August 1994) is a Polish ballroom dancer. She is known for appearing on and winning both The Greatest Dancer in 2020 and Strictly Come Dancing in 2022. Jowita became the first female Strictly Professional to win in her first year with a partner in 2022 and has been a professional on Strictly Come Dancing since 2021.
Bermuda Triangle
The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle, is a loosely defined region in the North Atlantic Ocean, roughly bounded by Florida, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. Since the mid-20th century, it has been the focus of an urban legend suggesting that many aircraft, ships, and people have disappeared there under mysterious circumstances. However, extensive investigations by reputable sources, including the U.S. government and scientific organizations, have found no evidence of unusual activity, attributing reported incidents to natural phenomena, human error, and misinterpretation.

Avro Tudor
The Avro Type 688 Tudor was a British piston-engined airliner based on Avro's four-engine Lincoln bomber, itself a descendant of the famous Lancaster heavy bomber, and was Britain's first pressurised airliner. Customers saw the aircraft as little more than a pressurised DC-4, and few orders were forthcoming, important customers preferring to buy US aircraft. The tailwheel undercarriage layout was also dated and a disadvantage.
ARY Digital
ARY Digital HD (Urdu: ARY ڈیجیٹل) is a Pakistani television network available in Pakistan. ARY Digital was founded by a Dubai-based holding company of Pakistani businessman, Abdul Razzak Yaqoob and Salman Iqbal (ARY). The network is focused towards on Pakistani entertainment dramas, sitcoms, talk shows, web series and culture.

The channel broadcasts on cable and satellite networks, linear television as well as streaming platforms including YouTube Channel and ARY ZAP.

Aangan (2017 TV series)
Aangan (Urdu: آنگن, lit. 'Courtyard') is a Pakistani family drama television series premiered on 18 November 2017 on ARY Digital and ended on 12 July 2018. It was written by Faiza Iftikhar, directed by Qasim Ali Mureed and created by Humayun Saeed and Shahzad Nasib under Six Sigma Plus. The serial was broadcast on ARY Digital, as a part of night prime time slot programming.

Aangan has an ensemble cast with Mansha Pasha, Qavi Khan, Samina Ahmad, Irsa Ghazal, Hassan Ahmed, Iffat Rahim, Zainab Qayyum, Waseem Abbas, Paras Masroor and Uzma Hassan in ensemble pivotal roles. It received three nominations at 18th Lux Style Awards.
General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army
The General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army (GPD; Chinese: 中国人民解放军总政治部) was the former chief political organ under the Central Military Commission of Chinese Communist Party. It led all political activities in the People's Liberation Army.

Its former director-generals include Liu Shaoqi, Luo Ronghuan, Tan Zheng, Xiao Hua, Li Desheng, Zhang Chunqiao, Wei Guoqing, Yu Qiuli, Yang Baibing, Yu Yongbo, Xu Caihou, and Li Jinai. Its last head was Zhang Yang, who committed suicide.

The department was disbanded in January 2016 and a new agency, the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission, was founded in its stead.

General Logistics Department
General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army (GLD; Chinese: 中国人民解放军总后勤部) was a former chief organ under China's Central Military Commission. Before 2016, it organized and led the logistics construction and oversees housing, supplies, hospitals, and barracks of the People's Liberation Army. The department was disbanded in January 2016 and the new agency, Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission was founded.
Sandringham Football Club
The Sandringham Football Club, nicknamed the Zebras, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Sandringham. It currently competes in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and the VFL Women's (VFLW).

Sandringham has competed in the VFL – originally known as the Victorian Football Association (VFA) – since 1929, and was one of only two clubs to not be relegated to Division 2 when the VFA was split into two divisions.

Sandringham men's side is a standalone outfit and is not affiliated with any other club. Between 2009 and 2025, the club had a reserves affiliation with Australian Football League (AFL) club St Kilda, and prior to that were affiliated with Melbourne. The club's women's side, which competes in the VFLW, retains an affiliation with St Kilda.

Waverley Football Club
The Waverley Football Club, nicknamed the Panthers, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Glen Waverley.

The club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1961 until 1987. They became the Waverley Amateurs in 1988 after absorbing Clayton Amateurs, before merging with Mount Waverley Burwood to form the Waverley Blues in 1998.