hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Reports
The United States Reports (ISSN 0891-6845) are the official record (law reports) of the Supreme Court of the United States. They include rulings, orders, case tables (list of every case decided), in alphabetical order both by the name of the petitioner (the losing party in lower courts) and by the name of the respondent (the prevailing party below), and other proceedings. United States Reports, once printed and bound, are the final version of court opinions and cannot be changed.

Opinions of the court in each case are prepended with a headnote prepared by the reporter of decisions, and any concurring or dissenting opinions are published sequentially. The Court's Publication Office oversees the binding and publication of the volumes of United States Reports, although the actual printing, binding, and publication are performed by private firms under contract with the United States Government Publishing Office.

One, Inc. v. Olesen
One, Inc. v. Olesen, 355 U.S. 371 (1958), is a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court for LGBT rights in the United States. It was the first U.S. Supreme Court ruling to deal with homosexuality and the first to address free speech rights with respect to homosexuality. The Supreme Court reversed a lower court ruling that the gay magazine ONE violated obscenity laws, thus upholding constitutional protection for pro-homosexual writing.
Manihi
Manihi, or Paeua, is a coral atoll in the Tuamotu Archipelago, part of French Polynesia. It is one of the northernmost of the Tuamotus, located in the King George subgroup. The closest land to Manihi is Ahe Atoll, located 14 km to the west. The population is 648 inhabitants (2022 census).

Nukutavake
Nukutavake or Nukutuvake is an island in the Tuamotu group in French Polynesia. It lies 1125 km from Tahiti. The closest land is small Pinaki Atoll, located 15 km to the southeast. Vairaatea Atoll lies 38 km to the west of Nukutavake.

Nukutavake's length is 5 km and its width between 0.45 km and 1.3 km. Nukutuvake is not a typical Tuamotu atoll, but a single island. It was formed when its lagoon filled up with silt, in a similar manner as Fuvahmulah in the Maldives, which has a similar size and shape. There are shallow remains of the lagoon filled with marshy vegetation. The higher ground has many coconut palms.

Nukutavake has 119 inhabitants (2022 census); Tavananui is the largest town. Many islanders have left the island in recent years, mainly to Tahiti, in search for work. There are a number of abandoned houses on the island. The people who remain live primarily on fish and copra production.
There is a cyclone shelter on Nukutavake.
The Rifleman
The Rifleman is an American Western television series starring Chuck Connors as rancher Lucas McCain and Johnny Crawford as his son Mark McCain. It was set in the 1880s in the fictional town of North Fork, New Mexico Territory. The show was filmed in black and white, in half-hour episodes. The Rifleman aired on ABC from September 30, 1958, to April 8, 1963, as a production of Four Star Television. It was one of the first primetime series on American television to show a single parent raising a child.

The program was titled to reflect McCain's use of a Winchester Model 1892 rifle (an anachronism, as the show was set in the 1880s) which had been customized to allow repeated firing by cycling its lever action. He demonstrated this technique in the opening credits, as well as a second modification that allowed him to cycle the action with one hand using a technique known as "spin-cocking".

Stoney Burke (TV series)
Stoney Burke is an American contemporary Western television series broadcast on ABC from October 1, 1962, until May 20, 1963. Jack Lord starred in the title role. Burke is a professional rodeo cowboy who specializes in saddle bronc riding and competes for the Golden Buckle, presented annually to the rodeo world champion in each rodeo event.
2009 CAF Super Cup
The 2009 CAF Super Cup was the 17th CAF Super Cup, an annual football match in Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), between the winners of the previous season's two CAF club competitions, the CAF Champions League and the CAF Confederation Cup. The match was contested by 2008 CAF Champions League winners, Al-Ahly, and 2008 CAF Confederation Cup winners, CS Sfaxien at the International Stadium in Cairo on 6 February 2009.

Al-Ahly won the match 2–1, with two goals from Angolan striker Flávio, and won the title for the record fourth time (having won the Super Cup in 2002, 2006 and 2007), all of them under the management of Manuel José. CS Sfaxien finished as runners-up second year in a row.

Overall, this was the seventh Super Cup triumph for Egyptian clubs and the fifth time that a Tunisian club finished runners-up.

2007 CAF Super Cup
The 2007 CAF Super Cup was the 15th CAF Super Cup, an annual football match in Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), between the winners of the previous season's two CAF club competitions, the African Cup of Champions Clubs and the CAF Confederation Cup.

The match took place on 18 February 2007, on neutral stadium at Addis Ababa Stadium in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, celebrating the CAF's 50th anniversary, between Al Ahly, the 2006 CAF Champions League winner, and ES Sahel, the 2006 CAF Confederation Cup winner.
Al-Ahly won the match by penalty shout-out 5–4, to retain the title, as the second team to win the tournament for three times after Zamalek SC.
2022–23 NCAA Division I women's basketball season
The 2022–23 NCAA Division I women's basketball season began on November 7, 2022. The regular season ended on March 12, 2023, with the 2023 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament beginning on March 14 and ending with the championship game at American Airlines Center in Dallas on April 2.

2023 MEAC women's basketball tournament
The 2023 MEAC women's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the 2022–23 season in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC). The tournament took place during March 8–11, 2023. The tournament winner received the conference's automatic invitation to the 2023 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament.
14th Vermont Infantry Regiment
The 14th Vermont Infantry Regiment was a nine months' infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the eastern theater, predominantly in the Defenses of Washington, from October 1862 to August 1863. It was a member of the 2nd Vermont Brigade.

16th Vermont Infantry Regiment
The 16th Vermont Infantry Regiment (or 16th VVI) was a nine months' infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the eastern theater, predominantly in the Defenses of Washington, from October 1862 to August 1863. It was a member of the 2nd Vermont Brigade.
Johnny Miller
John Laurence Miller (born April 29, 1947) is an American former professional golfer. He was one of the top players in the world during the mid-1970s. He was the first to shoot 63 in a major championship to win the 1973 U.S. Open, and he ranked second in the world on Mark McCormack's world golf rankings in both 1974 and 1975 behind Jack Nicklaus. Miller won 25 PGA Tour events, including two majors. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 1998. He was the lead golf analyst for NBC Sports, a position he held from January 1990 to February 2019. He is also an active golf course architect.

John Adams (golfer)
John Adams (born May 5, 1954) is an American professional golfer.

Adams was born in Altus, Oklahoma and went to college at Arizona State.

Adams finished runner-up on the PGA Tour on two occasions, including a playoff loss to Jay Haas at the 1982 Hall of Fame.

Adams finished tied for 11th at the 1993 U.S. Open, his best major finish.
Larry Knechtel
Lawrence William Knechtel (August 4, 1940 – August 20, 2009) was an American keyboard player and bassist who was a member of the Wrecking Crew, a collection of Los Angeles–based session musicians who worked with such renowned artists as Simon & Garfunkel, Duane Eddy, the Beach Boys, the Mamas & the Papas, the Monkees, the Partridge Family, Billy Joel, the Doors, the Byrds, the Grass Roots, Jerry Garcia, and Elvis Presley. He also was a member of the 1970s band Bread.

Ray Pohlman
Merlyn Ray Pohlman (July 22, 1930 – November 1, 1990) was an American session musician and arranger who played both upright bass and bass guitar, and also did sessions as a guitarist.  He is credited with being the first electric bass player in Los Angeles studios in the 1950s.
Every Extend
Every Extend is series of puzzle shoot 'em up video games primarily developed by Q Entertainment. The series began with a 2004 freeware game  of the same name (also known as E2) for Windows, which was a personal project by Kanta Matsuhisa under the "Omega" pseudonym. Q Entertainment discovered the game online and approached Matshisa to develop a remix version. The remix version was developed for the PlayStation Portable and was released in 2006, titled Every Extend Extra (or E3). In 2007, Q Entertainment developed and released a sequel on the Xbox 360 titled Every Extend Extra Extreme (or E4).

Lumines
Lumines (/ˈluːmɪnɛs/ LOO-min-ess) is a puzzle video game series developed by Q Entertainment. The core objective of the games is to survive by rotating and aligning 2×2 blocks varying between two colors to form 2×2 squares of a single color which will be erased when the Time Line passes over them. The game is lost when the blocks reach the top of the playing field.

The series was initially conceived when Tetsuya Mizuguchi heard about the PlayStation Portable and wanted to develop a game for it. Since the original release, several sequels have been developed and released for multiple platforms, including PC, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, mobile phone, iOS, and Android.

The series has received many positive reviews and awards with the original receiving the highest review score ratings and the majority of the awards.
Blazing Dragons
Blazing Dragons is an animated television series created by Terry Jones and Gavin Scott, and is a co-production between Nelvana and Ellipse Animation in association with Carlton Television and M6 Métropole Télévision (season 2). It ran for two seasons, consisting of 26 episodes in total.

The series' protagonists are anthropomorphic dragons who are beset by evil humans, reversing a common story convention. The series parodies that of the King Arthur tales as well as the periods of the Middle Ages.

Rupert (TV series)
Rupert is an animated children's television series based on the Mary Tourtel character Rupert Bear, which aired from 7 September 1991 to 19 June 1997 with 65 half-hour episodes produced. The series is produced by Nelvana, in co-production with Ellipse Programme for the first three seasons, in association with YTV Canada, Inc. (seasons 1–3 and 5), and ITV franchisees TVS Television (season 1) and Scottish Television (seasons 2–5).
Clay County, Illinois
Clay County is a county in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 13,288. Since 1842, its county seat has been Louisville, in the center of the county's area. In 1950, the U.S. Census Bureau placed the mean center of U.S. population in Clay County.

Alexander County, Illinois
Alexander County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,240. Its county seat is Cairo and its western boundary is formed by the Mississippi River.

Alexander County is part of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area which is made up of jurisdictions on both sides of the Mississippi River.
Outtake
An outtake is a portion of a work (usually a film or music recording) that is removed in the editing process and not included in the work's final, publicly released version. In the digital era, significant outtakes have been appended to CD and DVD reissues of many albums and films as bonus tracks or features, in film often, but not always, for the sake of humor. In terms of photos, an outtake may also mean the ones which are not released in the original set of photos (i.e. photo shoots and digitals).

Behind-the-scenes
In filmmaking, behind-the-scenes (BTS), also known as the making-of, the set, or  on the set, is a documentary film that features the production of a film or television program. This is often referred to as the EPK (electronic press kit) video, due to its main usage as a promotional tool, either concurrent with theatrical release or as a bonus feature for the film's DVD or Blu-ray release.
Carlota Ciganda
Carlota Ciganda Machiñena (born 1 June 1990) is a professional golfer from Spain who plays on the Ladies European Tour and the LPGA Tour. She won the LET's Order of Merit (money title) in her debut season in 2012, and was also named Player of the Year and Rookie of the Year.

Bronte Law
Bronte May Law (born 12 March 1995) is an English professional golfer. Her maiden LPGA Tour victory, her first win as a professional, came in May 2019 at the Pure Silk Championship in Virginia. Her second professional victory occurred in October 2021 in Dubai; this was her first win on the Ladies European Tour.
List of former counties, cities, and towns of Virginia
Former counties, cities, and towns of Virginia are those that existed within the English Colony of Virginia or, after statehood, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and no longer retain the same form within its boundaries. The settlements, towns, and administrative units discussed here ceased to exist in a number of ways. A number of smaller settlements became extinct due to loss of population. In time, others changed names, ascended to higher levels (or occasionally, descended to lower levels) of autonomy, or were occasionally annexed by larger nearby units. At a higher level, large areas of Virginia were split off to form new states, transferred as state boundaries were clarified, or came under the administration of the federal government.

Virginia has 95 counties, 38 independent cities, and 190 incorporated towns. There are also hundreds of unincorporated places in Virginia with their own identities.

Magruder, Virginia
Magruder was a small unincorporated town in Virginia near Williamsburg in York County. Settled mostly by African-American freedmen after the American Civil War, it once had its own church, post office, cemetery, lodge, and homes. After this land was acquired for the development of the US military reservation known as Camp Peary, all the residents and businesses were displaced. Magruder is considered extinct and one of the lost towns of Virginia.
Je ne sais pas pourquoi
"Je ne sais pas pourquoi" (English: "I Do Not Know Why"), also known as "I Still Love You (Je ne sais pas pourquoi)" in Australia and New Zealand, is a song by Australian recording artist and songwriter Kylie Minogue from her debut studio album Kylie (1988). Released as a single on 10 October 1988 by PWL, the song has subsequently appeared on most of Minogue's hits compilations including Greatest Hits (1992), Ultimate Kylie (2004) and, most recently,  Step Back in Time: The Definitive Collection, released in 2019. Like most of Minogue's material between 1988 and 1992, it was written and produced by Stock Aitken Waterman.

Got to Be Certain
"Got to Be Certain" is a song by Australian singer Kylie Minogue from her debut studio album, Kylie (1988). Written and produced by English songwriting and record production trio Stock Aitken Waterman (SAW), the song was released as the second single from Kylie in most territories outside Australia, and was released on 2 May 1988 in Australia and the United Kingdom. In Australia, "Got to Be Certain" was Minogue's third single release. "Got to Be Certain" was a commercial success, peaking at number one in Minogue's native Australia and number two on the UK Singles Chart.
Hits Radio Cornwall
Hits Radio Cornwall, formerly Pirate FM, is an Independent Local Radio station owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Cornwall and West Devon on DAB.

As of September 2024, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 88,000 according to RAJAR.

Hits Radio Lancashire
Hits Radio Lancashire, formerly Rock FM, is an Independent Local Radio station, owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Lancashire, North West England.

As of March 2025, the station has a weekly audience of 188,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
Laredo Kid
Laredo Kid (born December 30, 1986) is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, under Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, where in AAA, he is a two-time and current AAA World Cruiserweight Champion. He is best known for tenure Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he is a former TNA Digital Media Champion.

Laredo Kid's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where private lives are kept a secret from wrestling fans. Laredo Kid originally used the ring name The Exterminador but changed it to "Laredo Kid" after a year. He signed with AAA in 2005 and worked for them for several years before leaving the promotion to work on the Mexican Independent circuit.

Rey Horus
Rey Horus is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. He also currently works on the independent circuit in the United States and in Mexico. He is best known tenure for Major League Wrestling (MLW) and Ring Of Honor (ROH). He was also known as the second El Hijo de Rey Misterio, Spanish for "The Son of Rey Misterio", the second wrestler under that name after the first El Hijo de Rey Misterio, though he is not from the same family. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.
Social Democratic Party of Montenegro
Social Democratic Party of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Социјалдемократска партија Црне Горе, romanized: Socijaldemokratska partija Crne Gore;  or just the Social Democratic Party, abbr. SDP) is a nationalist and social democratic political party in Montenegro. It is the only party in Montenegro to have full membership in the Socialist International. From 1998 until the 2016 coalition split, it was a minor coalition partner of the Democratic Party of Socialists, that led Montenegro from the introduction of the multi-party system until the 2020 Montenegrin parliamentary election.

Positive Montenegro
Positive Montenegro (Montenegrin: Pozitivna Crna Gora; Позитивна Црна Гора) was a centrist, social-liberal political party in Montenegro. The party was founded in May 2012 by former environmental activist Darko Pajović.
Ty Burr
Ty Burr (born August 17, 1957) is an American film critic, columnist, and author who reviews films for The Washington Post and writes the film and popular culture newsletter "Ty Burr's Watchlist". Burr worked as a film critic at The Boston Globe from 2002 until 2021.

Todd McCarthy
Todd McCarthy (born February 16, 1950) is an American film critic and author. He wrote for Variety for 31 years as its chief film critic until 2010. In October of that year, he joined The Hollywood Reporter, where he subsequently served as chief film critic until 2020. McCarthy subsequently began writing regularly for Deadline Hollywood in 2020.
L-system
An L-system or Lindenmayer system is a parallel rewriting system and a type of formal grammar. An L-system consists of an alphabet of symbols that can be used to make strings, a collection of production rules that expand each symbol into some larger string of symbols, an initial "axiom" string from which to begin construction, and a mechanism for translating the generated strings into geometric structures. L-systems were introduced and developed in 1968 by Aristid Lindenmayer, a Hungarian theoretical biologist and botanist at the University of Utrecht. Lindenmayer used L-systems to describe the behaviour of plant cells and to model the growth processes of plant development. L-systems have also been used to model the morphology of a variety of organisms and can be used to generate self-similar fractals.

Morphic word
In mathematics and computer science, a morphic word or substitutive word is an infinite sequence of symbols which is constructed from a particular class of endomorphism of a free monoid.

Every automatic sequence is morphic.
Raymond E. S. Williamson
Brigadier General Raymond Eccleston Serveira Williamson (September 1, 1894 – September 27, 1957) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Army who served in both World War I and World War II. A graduate of the United States Military Academy, he is most noted for his service during World War II as commanding general of Service Command, South Pacific Theater of Operations and as the assistant division commander (ADC) of the 91st Infantry Division during the Italian campaign.

Williamson remained in the army following the end of World War II, and held several important assignments, including Military Attaché to Canada and later the United Kingdom and commanding general (CG) of the 3rd Armored Division.

Robert W. Hasbrouck
Robert W. Hasbrouck (February 2, 1896 – August 19, 1985) was a career officer in the United States Army. He attained the rank of major general and was a recipient of numerous awards and decorations, including the Army Distinguished Service Medal, Silver Star, Legion of Merit, and Bronze Star Medal with "V" device for valor. Hasbrouck was a veteran of World War I and World War II, and was most notable for his Second World War command of the 7th Armored Division.
Meltham
Meltham is a town and civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, in West Yorkshire, England. It lies in the Holme Valley, below Wessenden Moor, 5 miles (8 kilometres) south-west of Huddersfield on the edge of the Peak District National Park. It had a population of 8,089 at the 2001 census, which was estimated to have increased to 8,600 by 2005. The population assessed at the 2011 Census was 8,534. According to the 2021 Census, the civil parish of Meltham had a population of 8,590 people living in 3,695 households.

It has 12 elected council members who meet up around every 6 weeks.

Denby Dale
Denby Dale is a village and civil parish in the metropolitan borough of Kirklees in West Yorkshire, England. It is 8 miles  north-west of Barnsley and 10 miles south-east of Huddersfield.

The village is the main village in the Denby Dale civil parish that also covers Lower Denby, Upper Denby, Upper Cumberworth, Lower Cumberworth, Skelmanthorpe, Emley, Emley Moor and Clayton West.  The parish had a population of 14,982 according to the 2001 census, increasing to 16,365 at the 2011 census.  The parish council gives the electorate of the village itself as 2,143. The River Dearne runs through the village; in the floods of 2007 it burst its banks on two occasions and caused damage to Springfield Mill.
Shinobi (series)
Shinobi is a series of hack-and-slash games created by Sega. The ninja (shinobi) Joe Musashi acts as the protagonist of the series. The first Shinobi was released in 1987 as an arcade video game. Along with Alex Kidd and Sonic the Hedgehog, Joe Musashi has long been one of Sega's flagship characters, acting as a mascot for a short time in the late 1980s when ninjas were popular in mainstream media. The series' games are a showcase of Sega's technical accomplishment, noted for their high quality of graphics, gameplay, and music, as well as their high level of difficulty. The Shinobi series sold 5 million copies as of 2024.

Golden Axe
Golden Axe (ゴールデンアックス, Gōruden Akkusu) is a series of side-scrolling beat 'em up arcade video games developed by Sega. The series takes place in a medieval fantasy world where several heroes have the task of recovering the legendary Golden Axe, the mainstay element of the series.