hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stone ship
The stone ship or ship setting was an early burial custom in Scandinavia, Northern Germany, and the Baltic states. The grave or cremation burial was surrounded by slabs or stones in the shape of a boat or ship. The ships vary in size and were erected from c. 1000 BCE to 1000 CE.

Grave field
A grave field is a prehistoric cemetery, typically from Bronze Age and Iron Age Europe.

Grave fields are distinguished from necropoleis by the former's lack of remaining above-ground structures, buildings, or grave markers.
Denis Goldberg
Denis Theodore Goldberg (11 April 1933 – 29 April 2020) was a South African social campaigner who was active in the struggle against apartheid. He was accused No. 3 of 11 defendants in the Rivonia Trial of 1964, alongside the better-known Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu. He was the youngest of the defendants.

He was convicted and imprisoned for 22 years, along with other key members of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa. After his release in 1985, he continued to campaign against apartheid from his base in London with his family. The apartheid system was fully abolished with the 1994 election.

He returned to South Africa in 2002 and founded the non-profit Denis Goldberg Legacy Foundation Trust in 2015. He was diagnosed with lung cancer in July 2017, and died in Cape Town on 29 April 2020.

Nicholas Stadlen
Sir Nicholas Felix Stadlen (3 May 1950 – 5 October 2023) was a British judge who served on the High Court of England and Wales. He was appointed to the High Court's Queen's Bench Division on 2 October 2007 and retired early, on 21 April 2013.
1909 Major League Baseball season
The 1909 major league baseball season began on April 12, 1909. The regular season ended on October 7, with the Pittsburgh Pirates and Detroit Tigers as regular season champions of the National League and American League, respectively. The postseason began with Game 1 of the sixth modern World Series on October 8 and ended with Game 7 on October 16. The Pirates defeated the Tigers, four games to three, capturing their first championship in franchise history. Going into the season, the defending World Series champions were the Chicago Cubs from the 1908 season.

In the National League, the Chicago Cubs had a record of 104–49 but finished 6+1⁄2 games behind the Pirates, setting a record for the most wins in an MLB regular season without reaching the postseason, which has only been equaled once, by the 1942 Brooklyn Dodgers, who had a record of 104–50.

St. Louis Browns
The St. Louis Browns were a Major League Baseball team that originated in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers. A charter member of the American League (AL), the Brewers moved to St. Louis, Missouri, after the 1901 season, where they played for 52 years as the St. Louis Browns.

After the 1953 season, the team moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where it became the Baltimore Orioles. The last two surviving former St. Louis Brown players, Ed Mickelson and Billy Hunter, died only six days apart on June 27 and July 3, 2025 respectively.

The St. Louis Browns had an overall win–loss record of 3,414–4,465–96 (.434) during their 52 years in St. Louis. They were the least successful of the eight charter members of the American League, winning only one pennant and finishing fifth or worse 40 times.

The St. Louis Browns are represented by two players in the National Baseball Hall of Fame, Bobby Wallace and George Sisler.
Ian Smith (New Zealand cricketer)
Ian David Stockley Smith MBE (born 28 February 1957) is a New Zealand cricket and rugby commentator and former cricketer. He played as a wicket-keeper for New Zealand throughout the 1980s and part of the 1990s.

Ewen Chatfield
Ewen John Chatfield MBE (born 3 July 1950) is a former New Zealand cricketer. A medium-pace bowler, though Chatfield played 43 Tests and 114 One Day Internationals for his country, he is also remembered for having been hit in the head by a ball while batting, causing him to collapse and need resuscitation.

With the ball, his chief weapon was his accuracy, giving him economic bowling figures, although he occasionally would come in for punishment in the late stages of limited overs matches due to a lack of variation in his line and length.
Edmund Heines
Edmund Heines (21 July 1897 – 30 June 1934) was a German Nazi politician and Deputy to Ernst Röhm, the Stabschef of the Sturmabteilung (SA). Heines was one of the earliest members of the Nazi Party and a leading member of the SA in Munich, participating in the Beer Hall Putsch and becoming a notorious enforcer of the party. He held several high-ranking positions in the Nazi administration until he was executed during the Night of the Long Knives in June 1934.

Karl Ernst
Karl Gustav Ernst (1 September 1904 – 30 June 1934) was an SA-Gruppenführer who, from March 1933, was the SA commander in Berlin. Prior to joining the Nazi Party, he had been a hotel bellhop and a bouncer at gay nightclubs. He was one of the chief participants in the extrajudicial execution of Albrecht Höhler. Ernst was himself extrajudicially executed in the Night of the Long Knives.
MaliVai Washington
MaliVai "Mal" Washington (/mælɪˈviːə/ mal-ih-VEE-ə) (born June 20, 1969) is an American former professional tennis player. He reached the men's singles final at Wimbledon in 1996, won four ATP titles and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 11 in October 1992.

Arnaud Boetsch
Arnaud Benjamin Boetsch (French: [aʁno bœtʃ]; born 1 April 1969) is a French former tennis player who turned professional in 1987. Known for his stylish single-handed backhand, he won three career titles, reaching his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 12 in April 1996.
Seba's short-tailed bat
Seba's short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata) is a common and widespread bat species in the family Phyllostomidae. They are found in Central America, the northern parts of South America, and in the Antilles islands.

Brosset's big-eared bat
Brosset's big-eared bat (Micronycteris brosseti) is a bat species found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana and Peru. It feeds on insects and sometimes fruit and the exact population is unknown. The only listed threat is deforestation.
Triphenylphosphine
Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC name: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 and often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P. It is versatile compound that is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a ligand for transition metal complexes, including ones that serve as catalysts in organometallic chemistry. PPh3 exists as relatively air stable, colorless crystals at room temperature. It dissolves in non-polar organic solvents such as benzene and diethyl ether.

Staudinger reaction
The Staudinger reaction  is a chemical reaction of an organic azide with a phosphine or phosphite produces an iminophosphorane. The reaction was discovered by and named after Hermann Staudinger. The reaction follows this stoichiometry:

R3P + R'N3 → R3P=NR' + N2
2007 Washington Redskins season
The 2007 season was the Washington Redskins' 76th season in the National Football League (NFL). The Redskins finished their regular season with a record of 9–7 and a playoff appearance. This was an improvement over the 2006 season when they went 5–11 and finished last in the NFC East.

Over the course of the season, Washington went 5–3 in home games at FedExField, and 4–4 on the road; they lost 6 of their 7 games by one touchdown or less. After losing to the Seattle Seahawks in the wild card round, Coach Joe Gibbs announced his retirement, thus ending his second stint as head coach of the Redskins. During the season, the tragedy of Sean Taylor's death occurred before a game against the Buffalo Bills. For the first defensive play, they fielded 10 men leaving the usual free safety spot empty to honor Taylor.

2007 Dallas Cowboys season
The 2007 season was the Dallas Cowboys' 48th in the National Football League (NFL), their 19th under the ownership of Jerry Jones, their 37th playing their home games at Texas Stadium, their first season under offensive coordinator Jason Garrett and their first season under head coach Wade Phillips. The Cowboys won the NFC East for the first time since 1998, and finished the regular season tied for the best record in the NFC (13–3) and earned a first-round bye and home field advantage throughout the playoffs, both for the first time since 1995.

However, they were upset by division rival and eventual Super Bowl champion New York Giants 21–17, a team that they had swept in the regular season. With the loss, it extended the Cowboys’ drought of playoff wins to eleven seasons and tied the NFL record of six consecutive playoff games lost. 13 players were named to the Pro Bowl, an NFL record (since tied by the 2019 Baltimore Ravens).
For Georgia
Gakharia For Georgia (Georgian: გახარია საქართველოსთვის, romanized: gakharia sakartvelostvis) is a political party in Georgia founded in 2021 by Giorgi Gakharia, former Prime Minister for Georgian Dream. The party is in opposition against Georgian Dream, with 12 seats in the Georgian parliament.

Citizens (Georgia)
Citizens (Georgian: მოქალაქეები, romanized: mokalakeebi) is a liberal political party in Georgia, which was founded on August 4, 2020. It is led by the runner-up candidate in the 2017 Tbilisi mayoral candidate Aleko Elisashvili. Citizens participated in the 2020 parliamentary election getting 1.33% of the vote and electing 2 MPs. For the 2024 parliamentary election it is a part of Strong Georgia coalition. The party is strongly pro-European.
The Tales of Hoffmann
The Tales of Hoffmann (French: Les contes d'Hoffmann) is an opéra fantastique by Jacques Offenbach. The French libretto was written by Jules Barbier, based on three short stories by E. T. A. Hoffmann, who is the protagonist of the story. It was Offenbach's final work; he died in October 1880, four months before the premiere.

La dame blanche
La dame blanche (French pronunciation: [la dam blɑ̃ʃ], The White Lady) is an opéra comique in three acts by the French composer François-Adrien Boieldieu. The libretto was written by Eugène Scribe and is based on episodes from no fewer than five works of the Scottish writer Sir Walter Scott, including his novels Guy Mannering (1815), The Monastery (1820), and The Abbot (1820). The opera has typical elements of the Romantic in its Gothic mode, including an exotic Scottish locale, a lost heir, a mysterious castle, a hidden fortune, and a ghost, in this case benevolent. The work was one of the first attempts to introduce the fantastic into opera and is a model for works such as Giacomo Meyerbeer's Robert le diable (1831) and Charles Gounod's Faust (1859). The opera's musical style also heavily influenced later operas like Lucia di Lammermoor, I puritani and La jolie fille de Perth.
Seres Auto
Seres Auto (formerly SF Motors) is an electric vehicle company of Chinese automotive manufacturer Seres Group (formerly Chongqing Sokon Industry Group). Several of the group's subsidiaries are also named "Seres". "Seres" is the Koine Greek word commonly used to refer to Chinese polities in classical times.

Seres Auto Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 赛力斯汽车有限公司) (formerly Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.) is a R&D and manufacturing subsidiary based in China.

A US subsidiary, SF Motors Inc., sometimes also called Seres,: 17  headquartered in Santa Clara, California, represents Jinkang New Energy Automobile's business in US. SF Motors Inc. has established several R&D facilities and is in the process of designing and producing a U.S.-based, electric vehicle line. The company has delayed launching a US product and laid off hundreds of workers, including 90 people at its design studio. The company is partnering with a number of automotive and tech suppliers.

AITO (marque)
AITO (Chinese: 问界汽车; pinyin: Wènjiè Qìchē) is a Chinese electric vehicle marque owned by Chinese vehicle manufacturer Seres Group and marketed by Chongqing AITO Auto Sales Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 重庆问界汽车销售有限公司). The marque was launched in 2021 and offers electric cars with Huawei's autonomous driving systems and the HarmonyOS operating system.

AITO is the first brand under Huawei's Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA, 鸿蒙智行) collaboration model, in which Huawei leads the product design and development process and supplies key components such as the powertrain, ADAS solutions, and vehicle software, to deliver a completed design for the automaker to manufacture.

The name AITO stands for "Adding Intelligence to Auto".
Minster FM
Minster FM was an Independent Local Radio station serving York and the surrounding areas such as Selby, Tadcaster, Thirsk, Northallerton and Goole. The station closed on 31 August 2020 and its frequency is now a relay of Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire.  It broadcast on 104.7 FM from the Acklam Wold transmitter, near Leavening, on the Yorkshire Wolds.

YO1 Radio
YO1 Radio is a community radio station based in York, England. It broadcasts local news, weather, travel and information alongside music from the 1980s to the present day. It broadcasts to the city of York on 102.8 MHz FM, in Selby on 90.0 MHz FM with transmissions areas in parts of North Yorkshire on DAB+. It takes its name from a district of the YO postcode area covering central York.
Pope Benedict XIII
Pope Benedict XIII (Latin: Benedictus XIII; Italian: Benedetto XIII; 2 February 1649 – 21 February 1730), born Pietro Francesco (or Pierfrancesco) Orsini and later called Vincenzo Maria Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 May 1724 to his death in February 1730.

A Dominican friar, Orsini focused on his religious responsibilities as bishop rather than on papal administration. Orsini's lack of political expertise led him to increasingly rely on an unscrupulous secretary (Cardinal Niccolò Coscia) whose financial abuses ruined the papal treasury, causing great damage to the Church in Rome.

In the process towards sainthood, his cause for canonization opened in 1755, but it was closed shortly afterwards. It was reopened on 21 February 1931, but it was closed once again in 1940. It was opened once more on 17 January 2004, with the official process commencing in 2012 and concluding later in 2017. He now has the posthumous title of Servant of God.

Pope Clement XIII
Pope Clement XIII (Latin: Clemens XIII; Italian: Clemente XIII; 7 March 1693 – 2 February 1769), born Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 July 1758 to his death in February 1769. He was installed on 16 July 1758.

His pontificate was overshadowed by the constant pressure to suppress the Society of Jesus but despite this, he championed their order and also proved to be their greatest defender at that time. He was also one of the few early popes who favoured dialogue with Protestants and to this effect hoped to mend the schism with the Catholic Church that existed in England and the Low Countries. These efforts ultimately bore little fruit.
Texas in July
Texas in July is an American metalcore band from Ephrata, Pennsylvania, formed in 2006. They released an EP, Salt of the Earth, and their debut full-length album, I Am, also produced by Slovak, through CI Records. After signing with Equal Vision Records, they released three more studio albums: One Reality on April 26, 2011; a self-titled album on October 9, 2012; and finally Bloodwork on September 16, 2014. The band broke up at the end of 2015. After the disbanding, JT Cavey went on to join Erra and Chris Davis went on to join The Ghost Inside.

Woe, Is Me
Woe, Is Me is an American metalcore band from Atlanta formed in 2009. The band is signed to SBG Records. They were formerly signed to Rise Records and its subsidiary, Velocity Records. Their debut album, Numbers, was released on August 31, 2010, and charted at number 16 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart.

Kerrang! categorized them as a "Myspace band" due to their popularity on Myspace early in their career.

Due to ongoing disputes between members, the band underwent several lineup changes during its original four-year run, with guitarist Kevin Hanson being the only founding member who remained. Woe, Is Me disbanded in September 2013, but announced a reunion in July 2022 with the "Vengeance" lineup. They played their first show in over 9 years in Dallas, Texas on October 29, 2022.
San Diego Mesa College
San Diego Mesa College (Mesa College or Mesa) is a public community college in San Diego, California. It is part of San Diego Community College District and the California Community Colleges system. The college is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC).

The campus was officially opened in January 1964. It has since grown into one of the largest community colleges in the City of San Diego and the 11th largest community college in California. In 2016, Mesa College became one of the first 15 California community colleges to offer bachelor's degrees.

Grossmont College
Grossmont College is a public community college in El Cajon, California. Its name originated with the silent film actor and producer William J. Gross, who was enticed by Ed Fletcher to invest in the purchase of land, part of which was called Grossmont. The campus sits in the Fletcher Hills community of El Cajon and is bordered by the cities of San Diego and Santee. Grossmont College along with Cuyamaca College make up what is the Grossmont–Cuyamaca Community College District. Grossmont is part of the California Community Colleges system.

Grossmont College is also home to Grossmont Middle College High School, where selected high school students can receive both high school and college credit for taking courses on campus. The newspaper for Grossmont College is The Summit. Its radio station is Griffin Radio.
Ian Gibson (comics)
Ian Gibson (20 February 1946 – 11 December 2023) was a British comic book artist, best known for his 1980s black-and-white work for 2000 AD, especially as the main artist on Robo-Hunter and The Ballad of Halo Jones, as well as his long run on Judge Dredd.

Alan Grant (writer)
Alan Grant (7 February 1949 – 20 July 2022) was a Scottish comic book writer known for writing Judge Dredd in 2000 AD as well as various Batman titles from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. He was the co-creator of the characters Anarky, Victor Zsasz, and the Ventriloquist.
Íslandsbanki
Íslandsbanki (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈistlan(t)sˌpauŋcɪ], lit. 'Iceland Bank') is an Icelandic bank with roots tracing back to 1875, formerly being the domestic part of Glitnir banki hf., but on 15 October 2008 being split from the bankrupt Glitnir and reestablished into a new independent bank. The sole operations of the bank is to manage a branch network in Iceland, with a 20%-40% market share across all domestic franchise areas. As of 2022, the bank has 12 branches around Iceland.

Landsbankinn
Landsbankinn (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈlan(t)sˌpauŋcɪn], lit. 'The National Bank'), originally NBI hf., is an Icelandic bank headquartered in Reykjavík. It was established in 2008 by the Icelandic government out of the domestic operations of its predecessor Landsbanki which failed during the 2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis. It is the largest bank in Iceland and the history of its predecessor goes back to 1885. In 2022 the bank had 35 branches around Iceland. The bank has around 39% market share in the retail market and around 34% in the corporate banking market (2022). In recent years, the bank has faced criticism for shutting down and reducing the opening hours of several of its branches in smaller towns throughout Iceland.
Grand Prince of Kiev
The Grand Prince of Kiev (sometimes also Grand Duke) was the title of the monarch of Kievan Rus', residing in Kiev (modern Kyiv) from the 10th to 13th centuries. In the 13th century, Kiev became an appanage principality, first of the grand prince of Vladimir and the Mongol Golden Horde governors, and was later taken over by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Rus' chronicles such as the Primary Chronicle are inconsistent in applying the title "grand prince" to various princes of Kievan Rus'. Although most sources consistently attribute it to the prince of Kiev, there is no agreement which princes were also "grand prince", and scholars have thus come up with different lists of grand princes of Kiev.

Algirdas
Algirdas (c. 1296 – May 1377) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1345 to 1377. With the help of his brother Kęstutis (who defended the western border of the Duchy) he created an empire stretching from the present Baltic states to the Black Sea and to within 80 kilometres (50 miles) of Moscow.
Phalanger
Phalanger (from the Greek phalangion, meaning spider's web, from their webbed (fused) toes) is a genus of possums. Its members are found on New Guinea, the Maluku Islands, other nearby small islands, and Australia's Cape York Peninsula. They are marsupials of the family Phalangeridae, and are one of the four genera whose species are commonly referred to as cuscuses.

Genus Phalanger
Gebe cuscus, P. alexandrae
Mountain cuscus, P. carmelitae
Ground cuscus, P. gymnotis
Eastern common cuscus, P. intercastellanus
Woodlark cuscus, P. lullulae
Blue-eyed cuscus, P. matabiru
Telefomin cuscus, P. matanim
Southern common cuscus, P. mimicus
Northern common cuscus, P. orientalis
Ornate cuscus, P. ornatus
Rothschild's cuscus, P. rothschildi
Silky cuscus, P. sericeus
Stein's cuscus, P. vestitus

Cercartetus
The genus Cercartetus is a group of very small possums known as pygmy possums. Four species comprise this genus, which together with the genus Burramys make up the marsupial family Burramyidae.

It has occasionally been presumed that Cercaërtus was a misspelling or synonym of Cercartetus. However, the name Cercaërtus is a junior synonym of Trichosurus and not of Cercartetus.

Conservation International (CI) and the Indonesia Institute of Science (LIPI) reported on the possible discovery of a new species of Cercartetus pygmy possum upon visit to the Foja Mountains in June 2007.
List of drugs: Nb–Nh
This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and  generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names.

See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales.

Abbreviations are used in the list as follows:

INN = International nonproprietary name

BAN = British Approved Name

USAN = United States Adopted Name

Two-letter codes for countries

Lists of drugs
1–9 |
A | B |
C | D |
E | F |
G | H |
I | J |
K | L |
M | N |
O | P |
Q | R |
S | T |
U | V |
W | X |
Y | Z

Na | Nb–Nh | Ni | Nj–Nz

List of drugs: Nj–Nz
This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and  generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names.

See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales.

Abbreviations are used in the list as follows:

INN = International nonproprietary name

BAN = British Approved Name

USAN = United States Adopted Name

Two-letter codes for countries

Lists of drugs
1–9 |
A | B |
C | D |
E | F |
G | H |
I | J |
K | L |
M | N |
O | P |
Q | R |
S | T |
U | V |
W | X |
Y | Z

Na | Nb–Nh | Ni | Nj–Nz