hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Association of Biology Teachers
The National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT) is an incorporated association of biology educators in the United States. It was initially founded in response to the poor understanding of biology and the decline in the teaching of the subject in the 1930s. It has grown to become a national representative organisation which promotes the teaching of biology, supports the learning of biology based on scientific principles and advocates for biology within American society. The National Conference and the journal, The American Biology Teacher, are two mechanisms used to achieve those goals.
The NABT has also been an advocate for the teaching of evolution in the debate about creation and evolution in public education in the United States, playing a role in a number of court cases and hearings throughout the country.

National Science Teaching Association
The National Science Teaching Association (NSTA), founded in 1944 (as the National Science Teachers Association) and headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, is an association of science teachers in the United States and is the largest organization of science teachers worldwide. NSTA's current membership of roughly 40,000 includes science teachers, science supervisors, administrators, scientists, business and industry representatives, and others involved in and committed to science education.

The Association publishes a professional journal for each level of science teaching; a newspaper, NSTA Reports; and many other educational books and professional publications. Each year NSTA conducts a national conference and a series of area conferences. These events attract over 30,000 attendees annually. The Association serves as an advocate for science educators by keeping its members and the general public informed about national issues and trends in science education.
Joe Messina
Joseph Lucian Messina (December 13, 1928 – April 4, 2022) was an American guitarist.  Dubbed the "white brother with soul", he was one of the most prolific guitarists in Motown Records' in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers.

Joe Hunter (musician)
Joseph Edward Hunter (November 19, 1927 – February 2, 2007) was an American musician and keyboardist, known for his recording session work with Motown Records' in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers. One of the original Funk Brothers, Hunter served as band director from 1959 until 1964, when he left Motown and was replaced by Earl Van Dyke.
Shefa-Amr
Shefa-Amr or Shefar'am (Arabic: شفاعمرو, romanized: Šafāʻamru; Hebrew: שְׁפַרְעָם, romanized: Šəfarʻam) is an Arab city in the Northern District of Israel. In 2023 it had a population of 43,408 with a Sunni Muslim majority and large Christian Arab and Druze minorities.

Abu Snan
Abu Snan (Arabic: أبو سنان, romanized: Abū Sinān, Hebrew: אַבּוּ סְנָן) is an Arab village and locality in the Galilee, part of the Northern District of Israel.  With an area of 4,750 dunams (4.75 km²). It acquired recognition as an independent local council in 1964. It is a religiously-mixed village of Arabs, with a Muslim majority, along with sizable Druze and Arab-Christian minorities. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), in 2022 Abu Snan had a total population of 14,687. In 2022, 54.9% of the population was Muslim, 30.3% was Druze and 14.8% was Christian.
Duke of Argyll
Duke of Argyll (Scottish Gaelic: Diùc Earraghàidheil) is a title created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1701 and in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1892. The earls, marquesses, and dukes of Argyll were for several centuries among the most powerful noble families in Scotland.  As such, they played a major role in Scottish history throughout the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The Duke of Argyll also holds the hereditary titles of chief of Clan Campbell and Master of the Household of Scotland.

Since 2001, Torquhil Campbell has been Duke of Argyll and is the thirteenth man to hold the title.

George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll
George John Douglas Campbell, 8th and 1st Duke of Argyll (30 April 1823 – 24 April 1900; styled Marquess of Lorne until 1847), was a Scottish polymath and Liberal statesman. He made a significant geological discovery in the 1850s when his tenant found fossilised leaves embedded among basalt lava on the Island of Mull. He also helped to popularise ornithology and was one of the first to give a detailed account of the principles of bird flight in the hopes of advancing human flight. His literary output was extensive writing on topics varying from science and theology to economy and politics. In addition to this, he served prominently in the administrations of Lord Aberdeen, Lord Palmerston, John Russell and William Gladstone.
Turnip
The turnip or white turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, fleshy taproot. Small, tender varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock. The name turnip – used in many regions – may also be used to refer to rutabaga (or neep or swede), which is a different but related vegetable.

Chicory
Common chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the family Asteraceae, usually with bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink. Native to the Old World, it has been introduced to the Americas and Australia.

Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves, chicons (blanched buds), or roots (var. sativum), which are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and food additive. In the 21st century, inulin, an extract from chicory root, has been used in food manufacturing as a sweetener and source of dietary fiber. Chicory is also grown as a forage crop for livestock.
Nickel tetracarbonyl
Nickel carbonyl (IUPAC name: tetracarbonylnickel) is a nickel(0) organometallic compound with the formula Ni(CO)4. This colorless liquid is the principal carbonyl of nickel.  It is an intermediate in the Mond process for producing very high-purity nickel and a reagent in organometallic chemistry, although the Mond Process has fallen out of common usage due to the health hazards in working with the compound. Nickel carbonyl is one of the most dangerous substances yet encountered in nickel chemistry due to its very high toxicity, compounded with high volatility and rapid skin absorption.

Carbonylation
In chemistry, carbonylation refers to reactions that introduce carbon monoxide (CO) into organic and inorganic substrates. Carbon monoxide is abundantly available and conveniently reactive, so it is widely used as a reactant in industrial chemistry. The term carbonylation also refers to oxidation of protein side chains.
NXT TakeOver: Unstoppable
NXT TakeOver: Unstoppable was the fifth NXT TakeOver professional wrestling livestreaming event produced by WWE. It was held exclusively for wrestlers from the promotion's developmental territory, NXT. The event aired exclusively on the WWE Network and took place on May 20, 2015, at NXT's home arena, Full Sail University in Winter Park, Florida.

The event featured six matches as part of the televised broadcast and one that was a dark match that occurred prior to the televised portion of the show. The main event saw Kevin Owens defending the NXT Championship against Sami Zayn. The event is notable for the surprise WWE debut of Samoa Joe. The event included five additional matches, including matches for the NXT Women's Championship and the NXT Tag Team Championship.

NXT TakeOver: London
NXT TakeOver: London was the eighth NXT TakeOver professional wrestling livestreaming event produced by WWE. It was held exclusively for wrestlers from the promotion's developmental brand, NXT. The event aired exclusively on the WWE Network and took place on 16 December 2015, at The SSE Arena in London, England. It was the first TakeOver held outside of the United States, which was also the finale of NXT's first tour of the United Kingdom, and the only NXT TakeOver held outside of North America.

Eight matches were contested at the event, including three taped for the 23 December episode of NXT. In the main event, Finn Bálor defeated Samoa Joe to retain the NXT Championship.
Bells Beach
Bells Beach is a locality in Surf Coast Shire, Victoria, Australia. It is a popular surf beach, located 100 km (62 mi) south-west of Melbourne, on the Great Ocean Road near the towns of Torquay and Jan Juc.

It is named after William Bell, a Geelong businessman and grazier, who owned much of the property there from the 1840s. Many records wrongly accredit the location's name to John Calvert Bell of the family that took up a pastoral run there much later in 1905 and built the 'Addiscot' homestead. John Calvert Bell was, before that time, a resident at Calder Park, Mount Duneed, and not related to William Bell of Bells Beach.  The beach and coastal reserve are listed on the Victorian Heritage Register.

In the 2016 Census, there were 130 people in Bells Beach, 88.7% of whom were born in Australia and 94.5% of whom spoke only English at home.

Rip Curl
Rip Curl is an Australian designer, manufacturer, and retailer of surfing sportswear (also known as boardwear) and accompanying products, and a major athletic sponsor. Rip Curl has become one of the largest surfing companies in Australia, Europe, South America, North America and South Africa. Globally, Rip Curl is considered a successful member of the "Big Three", of the surf industry alongside Quiksilver and Billabong.

Rip Curl is now present in several areas of board sports, including skateboarding/surfskating, freestyle skiing, snowboarding and wakeboarding. Some events in these other disciplines include the Rip Curl SurfSkate Festival, Rip Curl Wake, Skate and Music Festival, Rip Curl City Slam (skateboarding) and the Rip Curl World Heli Challenge (freestyle skiing and snowboarding).
The Streets of San Francisco
The Streets of San Francisco is an American television crime drama filmed on location in San Francisco and produced by Quinn Martin, with the first season produced in association with Warner Bros. Television (QM produced the show on its own for the remainder of its run).

It starred Karl Malden and Michael Douglas as two homicide inspectors in San Francisco. The show ran for five seasons on ABC between 1972 and 1977, amassing a total of 119 60-minute episodes. Douglas left the series at the start of its final season, and was replaced by Richard Hatch.

The series started with a pilot movie of the same title (based on the 1972 detective novel Poor, Poor Ophelia by Carolyn Weston) a week before the series debuted. Edward Hume, who wrote the teleplay for the pilot, was credited as having developed the series based on characters in Weston's novel. The pilot featured guest stars Robert Wagner, Tom Bosley, and Kim Darby.

The Fall Guy
The Fall Guy is an American action-adventure television series produced for ABC and originally broadcast from November 4, 1981, to May 2, 1986. It stars Lee Majors, Douglas Barr, and Heather Thomas as Hollywood stunt performers who moonlight as bounty hunters.
Brad Leland
Brad Leland (born September 15, 1954) is an American film and television actor best known for his role as Buddy Garrity in the NBC/DirecTV series Friday Night Lights as well as memorable roles on critically acclaimed shows such as HBO's Veep and FX's Justified. He has appeared in over 100 feature films and television shows and numerous theater performances.

Derek Phillips (actor)
Derek Phillips (born April 18, 1976) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Billy Riggins in the NBC sports drama series Friday Night Lights, as well as providing the voice and motion capture of Jerry Anderson in the action-adventure survival horror video game The Last of Us Part II. He has also voiced characters in video games such as Dishonored, The Last of Us, Life Is Strange, Battlefield Hardline, Fallout 4, and Rise of the Tomb Raider. He currently voices Heron on the Netflix animated series Blood of Zeus.
Côte-d'Or
Côte-d'Or (French pronunciation: [kot dɔʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. In 2019, it had a population of 534,124. Its prefecture is Dijon, which is also the regional prefecture; its subprefectures are Beaune and Montbard.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Alfred Hitchcock Presents
Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an American television anthology series created, hosted and produced by Alfred Hitchcock, airing on CBS and NBC, alternately, between 1955 and 1965. It features dramas, thrillers, and mysteries. In 1962, it was renamed The Alfred Hitchcock Hour. Hitchcock directed only 17 episodes during its run.

By the time the show premiered on October 2, 1955, Hitchcock had been directing films for over three decades. In the 21st century, Time magazine named Alfred Hitchcock Presents as one of "The 100 Best TV Shows of All Time". The Writers Guild of America ranked it #79 on their list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series, tying it with Monty Python's Flying Circus, Star Trek: The Next Generation and Upstairs, Downstairs. In 2021, Rolling Stone ranked it 18th on its list of 30 Best Horror TV Shows of All Time.

Cavalcade of America
Cavalcade of America is an anthology drama series that was sponsored by the DuPont Company, although it occasionally presented musicals, such as an adaptation of Show Boat, and condensed biographies of popular composers. It was initially broadcast on radio from 1935 to 1953, and on television from 1952 to 1957. Originally on CBS Radio, the series pioneered the use of anthology drama for company audio advertising. The series moved to the NBC Red Network, NBC Blue network, and NBC Radio Network.
Thompson Island (Nunavut)
Thompson Island (variant: Twer-oong Island) is an uninhabited island off the shore of Baffin Island located in the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. The island lies in Frobisher Bay, south of Faris Island and Hill Island.

Pink Lady Island
Pink Lady Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is a Baffin Island offshore island located in Frobisher Bay, southeast of Iqaluit. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Algerine Island, Alligator Island, Frobisher's Farthest, Low Island, and Mitchell Island.
Island of Sodor
The Island of Sodor, or simply Sodor, is a fictional island that is the primary setting for The Railway Series books by Wilbert Awdry. It lies in the Irish Sea between Cumbria and the Isle of Man. The island has many railways, including many locomotives, the most famous being Thomas the Tank Engine. The island also appears in the television adaptation Thomas & Friends, and other media in the franchise.

List of The Railway Series characters
As it started in May 1945 with The Three Railway Engines and concluded in 2011 with Thomas and his Friends, The Railway Series is a series of 42 British books written by Wilbert Awdry (who wrote the first 26 books from 1945 to 1972) and his son Christopher Awdry (who wrote the remaining 16 books from 1983 to 2011).

Unless otherwise said on this page, the technical notes come from actual notes laid out by Wilbert Awdry when he was developing the characters and setting for his stories; these notes are cited in his publication The Island of Sodor: Its People, History, and Railways.
Herman Badillo
Herman Badillo (/bɑːˈdiːjoʊ/ bah-DEE-yoh, Spanish: [baˈðiʝo]; August 21, 1929 – December 3, 2014)  was an American lawyer and politician who served as borough president of The Bronx and United States Representative, and ran for Mayor of New York City. He was the first Puerto Rican elected to these posts, and the first Puerto Rican mayoral candidate in a major city in the continental United States.

Edward R. Roybal
Edward Ross Roybal (February 10, 1916 – October 24, 2005) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first Latino American to be elected to the Los Angeles City Council, serving from 1949 to 1962. He later served 15 terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1963 to 1993, representing portions of Downtown and East Los Angeles.
Biłgoraj
Biłgoraj [bʲiwˈɡɔraj] ⓘ (Yiddish: בילגאריי, Bilgoray) is a town in Lublin Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland with 25,838 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is located south of Lublin and it is also the capital of Biłgoraj County. Historically, the town belongs to Lesser Poland. Biłgoraj is surrounded by a forest, with three rivers flowing through it.

Frampol
Frampol [ˈframpɔl] is a small town in eastern Poland, in Biłgoraj County, within Lublin Voivodeship. It has 1,431 inhabitants (December 2021), and lies in the eastern part of a historic region of Lesser Poland, near a hilly upland called Roztocze. Frampol is surrounded by the Szczebrzeszyn Landscape Park and the Janów Lubelski Forest. The town is a junction of two local roads (the 74th and the 835th). The distance to Lublin is 68 kilometers.
Ring Mountain (British Columbia)
Ring Mountain, also known as Crucible Dome, is a tuya in the Mount Cayley volcanic field, British Columbia, Canada. It features a horseshoe shaped crater on the east side of the upper Squamish River. Outcrops on Ring Mountain's western side contain highly variable, fine-scale jointing and are locally broken down into many small spires and knobs. The age of Ring Mountain is unknown, but it likely formed during the Fraser Glaciation, as did most tuyas in Canada.

Cauldron Dome
Cauldron Dome is a tuya in the Mount Cayley volcanic field, British Columbia, Canada. Cauldron Dome is made of coarsely plagioclase-orthophyroxene-phyric andesite lava flows and last erupted during the Holocene. It is in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt, a portion of the Canadian Cascade Arc.
John Moore (ice hockey)
John Carroll Moore Jr. (born November 19, 1990) is an American former professional ice hockey player who played defense for 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the first round, 21st overall, of the 2009 NHL entry draft by the Columbus Blue Jackets.

Kodie Curran
Kodie Curran (born December 18, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played with HC Ambrì-Piotta of the National League in Switzerland.
Black grouse
The black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix), also known as northern black grouse, Eurasian black grouse, blackgame or blackcock, is a large bird in the grouse family. It is a sedentary species, spanning across the Palearctic in moorland and steppe habitat when breeding, often near wooded areas. They will spend the winter perched in dense forests, feeding almost exclusively on the needles of conifers. The black grouse is one of two species of grouse in the genus Lyrurus, the other being the lesser-known Caucasian grouse.

The female is greyish-brown and has a cackling or warbling call. She takes all responsibility for nesting and caring for the chicks, as typical with most galliforms.

The black grouse's genome was sequenced in 2014.

Common goldeneye
The common goldeneye or simply goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) is a medium-sized sea duck of the genus Bucephala, the goldeneyes. Its closest relative is the similar Barrow's goldeneye. The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek boukephalos ("bullheaded", from bous, "bull" and kephale, "head"), a reference to the bulbous head shape of the bufflehead. The species name is derived from the Latin clangere ("to resound").

Common goldeneyes are aggressive and territorial ducks, and have elaborate courtship displays.
Syrian desert
The Syrian desert (Arabic: بادية الشام Bādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian desert, the Jordanian steppe, the Syrian steppe, or the Badiya, or Badiyat al-Sham, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering about 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of West Asia, including parts of northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, southern Syria, and western Iraq. It accounts for about 85% of the land area of Jordan and 55% of Syria. To the south, it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. The land is open, rocky or gravelly desert pavement, cut with occasional wadis, or river valleys, generally dry riverbeds.

Harrat al-Sham
The Ḥarrat al-Shām (Arabic: حَرَّة ٱلشَّام), also known as the Harrat al-Harra or Harrat al-Shaba, and sometimes the Black Desert in English, is a region of rocky, basaltic desert straddling southern Syrian region and the northern Arabian Peninsula. It covers an area of some 40,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi) in the modern-day Syrian Arab Republic, Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Vegetation is characteristically open acacia shrubland with patches of juniper at higher altitudes.

The Harrat has been occupied by humans since at least the Late Epipalaeolithic (c. 12,500–9500 BCE). One of the earliest known sites is Shubayqa 1 (occupied c. 12,600–10,000 BCE), a Natufian site where archaeologists have discovered the remains of the oldest known bread.
Mina Shirakawa
Mina Shirakawa (白川未奈, Shirakawa Mina; born December 26, 1987) is a Japanese professional wrestler and tarento. As of May 2025, she is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). She also makes appearances for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and Ring of Honor (ROH), where she is a former one-time interim ROH Women's World Television Champion.

Shirakawa first gained recognition for her time in World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she became a two-time Artist of Stardom Champion, one-time Wonder of Stardom Champion, one-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion, and one-time Future of Stardom Champion. She was also a founding member of Cosmic Angels and the leader of Club Venus, later becoming co-leader alongside Maika when the group was rebranded as Empress Nexus Venus.

Tomoko Watanabe (wrestler)
Tomoko Watanabe (渡辺智子, Watanabe Tomoko) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to the Japanese promotion Marvelous That's Women Pro Wrestling. A veteran of the Japanese independent scene, Watanabe is known for her tenures with now-defunct promotions All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling and JWP Joshi Puroresu.
John Danforth
John Claggett Danforth (born September 5, 1936) is an American politician, attorney, diplomat, and Episcopal priest who served as the attorney general of Missouri from 1969 to 1976 and as a United States senator from 1976 to 1995. A member of the Republican Party, he later served as special counsel for the U.S. Department of Justice from 1999 to 2000 and as the United States Ambassador to the United Nations from 2004 to 2005.

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Danforth graduated from Princeton University and Yale University. George H. W. Bush considered selecting him as a vice-presidential running mate in 1988, and Bush's son, George W. Bush, considered doing the same in 2000.

Harriett Woods
Ruth Harriett Woods (June 2, 1927 – February 8, 2007) was an American politician and activist, two-time Democratic nominee for the United States Senate from Missouri, and the 42nd lieutenant governor of Missouri. She was the first woman elected to statewide office when she was elected Missouri's first, and so far only, woman lieutenant governor.