hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saponification
Saponification is a process of cleaving esters into carboxylate salts and alcohols by the action of aqueous alkali. Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is a long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate and ethanol:

C2H5O2CCH3  +  NaOH   →    C2H5OH  +  NaO2CCH3

Stearic acid
Stearic acid (/ˈstɪərɪk/ STEER-ik, /stiˈærɪk/ stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain. The IUPAC name is octadecanoic acid. It is a soft waxy solid with the formula CH3(CH2)16COOH. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin. Stearic acid is a prevalent fatty acid in nature, found in many animal and vegetable fats, but is usually higher in animal fat than vegetable fat. It has a melting point of 69.4 °C (156.9 °F)  °C and a pKa of 4.50.

Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its glycerol ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature and in the food supply, following palmitic acid. Dietary sources of stearic acid include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and foods prepared with fats; beef tallow, lard, butterfat, cocoa butter, and shea butter are rich fat sources of stearic acid.
Pullman, Washington
Pullman is the most populous city in Whitman County, located in southeastern Washington within the Palouse region of the Pacific Northwest. The population was 32,901 at the 2020 census, and estimated to be 33,543 in 2024. Originally founded as Three Forks, the city was renamed after industrialist George Pullman in 1881.

Pullman is noted as a fertile agricultural area known for its many miles of rolling hills and the production of wheat and legumes. It is home to Washington State University, a public research land-grant university, and the international headquarters of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories. Pullman is eight miles (13 km) from Moscow, Idaho, home to the University of Idaho, and is served by the Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport.

Jim Sweeney (American football, born 1929)
James Joseph Sweeney (September 1, 1929 – February 8, 2013) was an American college football coach who was the head coach at Montana State University (1963–1967), Washington State University (1968–1975), and California State University, Fresno (1976–1977, 1980–1996), compiling a career college football record of 201–153–4 (.567). Sweeney's 144 wins at Fresno State are the most in the program's history. He was also an assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL). He played in college as an end for the Portland Pilots.
TNA X Division Championship
The TNA X Division Championship is a men's professional wrestling championship created and promoted by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It debuted on June 19, 2002, at the taping of TNA's second then-weekly pay-per-view (PPV) event. The current champion is Leon Slater, who is in his first reign.

The championship is contested in TNA's X Division, which emphasizes fast-paced, acrobatic wrestling, traditionally featuring cruiserweight wrestlers. However, heavyweights including Samoa Joe, Kurt Angle, and Abyss have also won the championship at various times in the division's history. There have been 111 reigns among 55 wrestlers.

Since 2012, the X-Division Championship has also allowed the current champion to vacate the title in exchange for a future match for the TNA World Championship, which is promoted as "Option C." This has occurred seven times in the championship's history,  with three matches resulting in wins.

No Surrender (2006)
The 2006 No Surrender was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), which took place on September 24, 2006, at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the second event under the No Surrender chronology. Eight professional wrestling matches were featured on the event's card. At the end of the event, it was announced that Kurt Angle had been signed with TNA.

In October 2017, with the launch of the Global Wrestling Network, the event became available to stream on demand.
NVPI
NVPI (Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers) (English: The Dutch Association of Producers and Importers of image- and sound-carriers) is the Dutch trade association of the entertainment industry. The NVPI represents most of the Dutch record companies, video distributors, and game-software distributors.

Belgian Recorded Music Association
The Belgian Recorded Music Association (BRMA), previously Belgian Entertainment Association (BEA) is the organisation that represents the interests of the music industry in Belgium. The BRMA is the local record industry association in Belgium of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI).
Artena
Artena is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Italy. It is situated in the northwest of Monti Lepini, in the upper valley of the Sacco River. It is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast by rail, and 30 kilometres (19 mi) direct from Rome.

The economy is based on agriculture, animal husbandry and tourism.

Manius Sergius Fidenas
Manius Sergius Fidenas was a consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 404 and 402 BC.

Sergius belonged to the Sergia gens, a young patrician gentes of the Republic which had first risen to become consulares with Lucius Sergius Fidenas in 437 BC. Sergius' father, taken from filiations, was named Lucius which could identify him as the consular of 437 BC, or another otherwise unattested individual. Sergius had one known son Lucius Sergius Fidenas, consular tribune in 397 BC and possible another son or grandson named Gaius Sergius Fidenas Coxo, consular tribune in 387 BC.
Tver Viceroyalty
57°N 36°E﻿ / ﻿57°N 36°E﻿ / 57; 36

Tver Viceroyalty (Russian: Тверское наместничество, romanized: Tverskoye namestnichestvo) was an administrative-territorial unit (namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796. Its seat was in Tver. In 1796, it was transformed to Tver Governorate.

The area of the viceroyalty is currently split between Tver and Moscow Oblasts. Minor parts of Tver Viceroyalty also currently belong to Yaroslavl and Novgorod Oblasts.

Zubtsovsky Uyezd
Zubtsovsky Uyezd (Russian: Зубцовский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative center was Zubtsov.
American Le Mans Series
The American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was a sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. It consisted of a series of endurance and sprint races, and was created in the spirit of the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

The American Le Mans' headquarters was in Braselton, Georgia, adjacent to Road Atlanta.

In 2014, the series merged with the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series to form the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.

Aston Martin DBR9
The Aston Martin DBR9 is a racing car built by Aston Martin Racing, debuting in 2005 and racing actively in international sportscar racing until the end of GT1 category in 2011. The name DBR9 is derived from the original 24 Hours of Le Mans-winning DBR1 car, named for then-owner David Brown, which not only won the 24 Hour race in 1959 but also the World Sportscar title. The car is most famous for taking two LMGT1 class wins at Le Mans 24 Hours (2007 and 2008) by the Aston Martin Racing factory team.
Pingat Pentadbiran Awam
The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (English: Public Administration Medal) is a Singaporean decoration instituted in 1963 and has three grades:

Emas (Gold)

Perak (Silver)

Gangsa (Bronze)

The medal may be awarded to any of the following persons for outstanding efficiency, competence and industry:

any person who is or has been a public officer.

any person who is or has been an officer employed by any statutory authority (other than a Town Council).

any person who is or has been in the service of any organisation, association or body rendering services in the field of education.

any person who is or has been employed in any company which is wholly owned by the Government and which is carrying on business mainly as an agent or instrumentality of the Government.

Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PPA, and may include the grade in brackets - e.g.: PPA(E).

The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (Tentera) is the Singapore Armed Forces equivalent award.

Pingat Bakti Masyarakat
The Pingat Bakti Masyarakat (English: Public Service Medal) is a Singaporean national honour. It was instituted in 1973. The medal may be awarded to any person who has rendered commendable public service in Singapore or for their achievement in the field of arts and letters, sports, the sciences, business, the professions and the labour movement.

Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PBM.
Ditsaan-Ramain
Ditsaan-Ramain, officially the Municipality of Ditsaan-Ramain (Maranao: Inged a Ditsaan-Ramain; Tagalog: Bayan ng Ditsaan-Ramain), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,406 people.

Lumba-Bayabao
Lumba-Bayabao, officially the Municipality of Lumba-Bayabao (Maranao: Inged a Lumba-Bayabao; Tagalog: Bayan ng Lumba-Bayabao), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 45,909 people.
Alnus incana
Alnus incana, the grey alder, tag alder or speckled alder, is a species of multi-stemmed, shrubby tree in the birch family, with a wide range across the cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Tolerant of wetter soils, it can slowly spread with runners and is a common sight in swamps and wetlands.

Abies concolor
Abies concolor, the white fir, concolor fir, or Colorado fir, is a coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae. This tree is native to the mountains of western North America, including the Sierra Nevada and southern Rocky Mountains, and into the isolated mountain ranges of southern Arizona, New Mexico, and Northern Mexico. It naturally occurs at elevations between 900 and 3,400 metres (3,000 and 11,200 ft).

It is popular as an ornamental landscaping tree and as a Christmas tree.
Christian radio
Christian radio refers to Christian media radio formats that focus on Christian religious broadcasting or various forms of Christian music. Many such formats and programs include contemporary Christian music, gospel music, sermons, radio dramas, as well as news and talk shows covering popular culture, economics, and political topics from a Christian perspective.

KWVE-FM
KWVE-FM (107.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to San Clemente, California, and broadcasting to Orange County, the Inland Empire and Northern San Diego County.  It airs a Christian talk and teaching radio format, known as "K-Wave".  The station is owned by Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa, with its studios in the church-owned KWAVE Building on West MacArthur Boulevard in Santa Ana.

KWVE-FM is a Class B FM station with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 530 watts.  The transmitter is atop Santiago Peak in Rancho Santa Margarita.  KWVE is simulcast on KWVE (1110 AM) within the Greater Los Angeles area; most KWVE programming is also heard on KSDW (88.9 FM) in Temecula.
Heracles Almelo
Heracles Almelo is a Dutch professional football club based in Almelo, founded in 1903. The club has won the Dutch national title twice, in 1927 and 1941. Heracles won the Eerste Divisie title in 2004–05, gaining promotion to the Eredivisie for the first time in 28 years. The club remained in the top flight for 17 seasons before suffering relegation at the end of the 2021–22 season.

In 2012, they reached the KNVB Cup final for the first time, losing to PSV in the final. The club's main rival is Twente.

AFC DWS
Amsterdamsche Football Club Door Wilskracht Sterk (English: Amsterdam Football Club Strong Through Willpower), also referred to as AFC DWS, Door Wilskracht Sterk or simply DWS, is a Dutch football club from Amsterdam, currently competing in the Derde Klasse (English: Third Class), the sixth tier of amateur football in the Netherlands.
Robin Roberts (baseball)
Robin Evan Roberts (September 30, 1926 – May 6, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball starting pitcher who pitched primarily for the Philadelphia Phillies (1948–1961). He spent the latter part of his career with the Baltimore Orioles (1962–1965), Houston Astros (1965–66), and Chicago Cubs (1966). Roberts was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1976.

After retiring from Major League Baseball, he coached the University of South Florida college baseball team for nine seasons, leading them to six conference titles.

Batting average (baseball)
In baseball, batting average (BA) is determined by dividing a player's hits by their total at-bats. It is usually rounded to three decimal places and read without the decimal: A player with a batting average of .300 is said to be "batting three hundred". If necessary to break ties, batting averages could be taken beyond the .001 measurement.  In this context, .001 is considered a "point", such that a .235 batter is five points higher than a .230 batter.
Segunda División de El Salvador
The Segunda División de El Salvador (Second Division of El Salvador) is the second tier of football in El Salvador governed by the Federación Salvadoreña de Fútbol (FESFUT). Teams contest to promote to the Primera División.

The winning sides of the annual Apertura and Clausura contest each other, the winner directly promotes to Primera División.

The losing side of the match contest the last place team of Primera División to trigger promotion and relegation should the Primera División team lose to the Segunda División side.

Santa Tecla FC
Santa Tecla Fútbol Club was a Salvadoran multi-sport club based in Santa Tecla since being formed in 2007. Although they competed in a number of different sports, Santa Tecla was mostly known for its professional association football team.
The club competed in Primera División de Fútbol de El Salvador, the nation's top tier, since being promoted there for Apertura 2012.
Santa Tecla was founded in 2007,  its home games were at the 10,000 capacity soccer-specific Estadio Las Delicias.
Analog signal
An analog signal (American English) or analogue signal (British and Commonwealth English) is any signal, typically a continuous-time signal, representing some other quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies in a manner analogous to the pressure of the sound waves.

In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quantity as a sampled sequence of quantized numeric values, typically but not necessarily in the form of a binary value. Digital sampling imposes some bandwidth and dynamic range constraints on the representation and adds quantization noise.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or be considered analog signals.

Digital Visual Interface
Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video display interface developed by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). The digital interface is used to connect a video source, such as a video display controller, to a display device, such as a computer monitor. It was developed with the intention of creating an industry standard for the transfer of uncompressed digital video content.

DVI devices manufactured as DVI-I have support for analog connections, and are compatible with the analog VGA interface by including VGA pins, while DVI-D devices are digital-only. This compatibility, along with other advantages, led to its widespread acceptance over competing digital display standards Plug and Display (P&D) and Digital Flat Panel (DFP). Although DVI is predominantly associated with computers, it is sometimes used in other consumer electronics such as television sets and DVD players.
Bourke's parrot
Bourke's parrot (Neopsephotus bourkii, formerly known as Neophema bourkii), also known as the blue-vented parrot, sundown parrot, pink-bellied parrot, Bourke's parakeet, Bourke or "Bourkie", is a small parrot found in Australia and the only species in its genus, Neopsephotus. It is approximately 19 cm long and weighs around 45 grams.  It is named after General Sir Richard Bourke, Governor of New South Wales from 1831 to 1837.

Pied honeyeater
The pied honeyeater (Certhionyx variegatus) is a species of bird in the family of honeyeaters Meliphagidae and the sole species in the genus Certhionyx (Christidis & Boles 2008). This species is also known as the black and white honeyeater or western pied honeyeater.

It is endemic to Australia and is listed as a vulnerable species under Schedule 2 of the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW).
1992 King Fahd Cup
The 1992 King Fahd Cup (Arabic: كَأْسُ الْمَلِك فَهْد), named after Fahd of Saudi Arabia, was the first association football tournament of the competition that would later be known as the FIFA Confederations Cup. It was hosted by Saudi Arabia in October 1992, and was won by Argentina, who beat the hosts Saudi Arabia 3–1 in the final. The 1992 tournament was the only one not to feature a group stage and only featured four nations.

In 1997, FIFA took over the organization of the tournament, named it the FIFA Confederations Cup and staged the competition every two years and recognized the first two editions.

1993 Artemio Franchi Cup
The 1993 Artemio Franchi Cup was the second edition of the Artemio Franchi Cup, a football match between the winners of the previous South American and European championships. The match featured Argentina, winners of the 1991 Copa América, and Denmark, winners of UEFA Euro 1992. It was played at Estadio José María Minella in Mar del Plata, Argentina, on 24 February 1993.

Argentina won the match 5–4 on penalties following a 1–1 draw after extra time to win their first Artemio Franchi Cup title. It would be the last trophy Diego Maradona won with Argentina.
2002 Russian census
The 2002 Russian census (Russian: Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да) was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics (Rosstat).

Askizsky District
Askizsky District (Russian: Аски́зский райо́н; Khakas: Асхыс аймағы, Asxıs aymağı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in the Republic of Khakassia, Russia. It is located in the central and western parts of the republic. The area of the district is 7,536 square kilometers (2,910 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Askiz. Population:  40,912 (2010 Census); 43,601 (2002 Census); 49,793 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 17.8% of the district's total population.
Dyula people
The Dyula (Dioula or Juula) are a Mande ethnic group inhabiting several West African countries, including Mali, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Burkina Faso.

Characterized as a highly successful merchant caste, Dyula migrants began establishing trading communities across the region in the fourteenth century. Since business was often conducted under non-Muslim rulers, the Dyula developed a set of theological principles for Muslim minorities in non-Muslim societies. Their unique contribution of long-distance commerce, Islamic scholarship and religious tolerance were significant factors in the peaceful expansion of Islam in West Africa.

The term 'Dyula' is sometimes used interchangeably with Wangara or Jakhanke, depending on the historical period and region.

Bouna, Ivory Coast
Bouna (also spelled Buna) is a town in north-eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Bouna Department. It is also the seat of Bounkani Region in Zanzan District and a commune.

Near Bouna is the Comoé National Park and the Ghanaian border. The main town of the Lobi people, Bouna is known for the vernacular architecture of the fortress-style adobe compounds in surrounding villages. The town is served by its own dirt-runway airport. This bush landing strip mainly serves the United Nations. In 2021, the population of the sub-prefecture of Bouna was 94,883.
Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.

American Society of Naturalists
The American Society of Naturalists (ASN) was founded in 1883 and is one of the oldest professional societies dedicated to the biological sciences in North America. The purpose of the Society is "to advance and diffuse knowledge of organic evolution and other broad biological principles so as to enhance the conceptual unification of the biological sciences."

Founded in Massachusetts with Alpheus Spring Packard Jr. as its first president, it was called the Society of Naturalists of the Eastern United States until 1886.
Super Sentai
The Super Sentai Series (スーパー戦隊シリーズ, Sūpā Sentai Shirīzu; lit. 'Super Squadron Series') is a Japanese superhero team media franchise consisting of multiple television series and films produced by Toei Company and aired by TV Asahi. The shows are of the tokusatsu genre, featuring live action characters and colorful special effects. Prior to its conclusion in 2026, Super Sentai aired alongside the Kamen Rider series in the Super Hero Time programming block on Sunday mornings on TV Asahi. In North America, the Super Sentai series is best known as the source material for the Power Rangers series.

The series went on a hiatus following the conclusion of the 49th season, No.1 Sentai Gozyuger, with a new Toei tokusatsu franchise, Project R.E.D. (Records of Extraordinary Dimensions), taking its timeslot in 2026.

List of Tensou Sentai Goseiger characters
Tensou Sentai Goseiger (天装戦隊ゴセイジャー, Tensō Sentai Goseijā) is a Japanese tokusatsu series that serves as the 34th installment in the Super Sentai franchise and the 22nd entry in the Heisei era. Much of the series takes inspiration from Japanese and Buddhist mythology in addition to western films for the antagonist factions.
County Galway
County Galway (/ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ GAWL-way; Irish: Contae na Gaillimhe) is a county in Ireland. It is in the Northern and Western Region, taking up the south of the province of Connacht. The county population was 276,451 at the 2022 census.

There are several Irish-speaking areas in the west of the county. The traditional county includes the city of Galway, but the city and county are separate local government areas, administered by the local authorities of Galway City Council in the urban area and Galway County Council in the rest of the county.

Menlough
Menlough (Irish: Mionlach) is a village in the civil parish of Killoscobe in northeast County Galway, Ireland. It is located 35 km from Galway, 27 km from Tuam, 30 km from Ballinasloe, and 20 km from Athenry. Together with nearby Skehana, Menlough is a half-parish within the diocesan parish of Killascobe in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuam.