hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Organoid
An organoid is a miniaturised and simplified version of an organ produced in vitro in three dimensions that mimics the key functional, structural, and biological complexity of that organ. It is derived from one or a few cells from a tissue, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells, which can self-organize in three-dimensional culture owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacities. The technique for growing organoids has rapidly improved since the early 2010s, and The Scientist named it one of the biggest scientific advancements of 2013. Scientists and engineers use organoids to study development and disease in the laboratory, for drug discovery and development in industry, personalized diagnostics and medicine, gene and cell therapies, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.

Cell potency
Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types.
The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency.
Rodney Crowell
Rodney Crowell (born August 7, 1950) is an American musician, known primarily for his work as a singer and songwriter in country music. Crowell has had five number one singles on Hot Country Songs, all from his 1988 album Diamonds & Dirt. He has also written songs and produced for other artists.

He was influenced by songwriters Guy Clark and Townes Van Zandt. Crowell played guitar and sang for three years in Emmylou Harris' Hot Band.

He has won two Grammy Awards in his career, one in 1990 for Best Country Song for the song "After All This Time" and one in 2014 Best Americana Album for his album Old Yellow Moon.

Ricky Skaggs
Rickie Lee Skaggs (born July 18, 1954), known professionally as Ricky Skaggs, is an American neotraditional country and bluegrass singer, musician, producer, and composer. He primarily plays mandolin, but he also plays fiddle, guitar, and banjo.

Skaggs was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2016 and both the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame and the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2018. On January 13, 2021, Skaggs was announced to have been awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Donald Trump, alongside fellow country musician Toby Keith.
Abdul Rahim Hatif
Abdul Rahim Hatif (Pashto: عبدالرحیم هاتف;‎ 20 May 1926 – 19 August 2013) was a politician in Afghanistan. He served as one of the vice presidents during the last years of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

Abdul Wahed Sarābi
Abdul Wahed Sarābi (Pashto, Dari: عبدالواحد سرابی; born 1926) is a former government minister and was one of the vice presidents of Mohammad Najibullah in Afghanistan.

He was born in 1926 in Sarāb valley, Ghazni province. He worked as a lecturer in Kabul University. He was the minister of planning in the Kingdom of Afghanistan from 1969 to 1973.

During the communist era of Afghanistan, he served in the Revolutionary council. After the elections of 1988, Sarābi was appointed as one of the vice presidents in May 1988.  He was also appointed as Deputy Prime Minister in 1990. His term ended when Najibullah was overthrown in April 1992.

Sarābi belongs to Muhammad Khwaja tribe of Hazaras.
Arrington, Cambridgeshire
Arrington is a small village and civil parish in the South Cambridgeshire district of Cambridgeshire, England, with a population of 415 at the time of 2011 census. The village is 6 miles (10 km) north of Royston, Hertfordshire, and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of the county city of Cambridge.

Wimpole
Wimpole is a small village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire, England, about 8+1⁄2 miles (13.7 km) southwest of Cambridge. Until 1999, the main settlement on the A603 was officially known and signed as New Wimpole and Orwell, Cambridge Road. On 1 April 1999, following a parish boundary change and a referendum of local residents, the village name was simplified to Wimpole.

It is the site of the country house of Wimpole Hall and its accompanying Wimpole's Folly.
Mnet (TV channel)
Music Network (acronym of the Mnet) is a South Korean pay television music channel owned by CJ ENM Entertainment Division.

The CJ E&M Center Studio located in Sangam-dong, Mapo District, Seoul is the headquarters, broadcast and recording centre of many Mnet programs with a studio audience, namely the live weekly music show M Countdown. It is also the venue for live performances in survival shows such as Superstar K, Show Me The Money series, Produce 101 series, Comeback War series, Planet series and Street Dance series. Other shows are filmed in CJ E&M Studio in Ilsan and CJ E&M Contents World in Paju.

Pledis Entertainment
Pledis Entertainment (Korean: 플레디스 엔터테인먼트, stylised as PLEDIS Entertainment) is a South Korean entertainment company founded by Han Sung-Soo in 2007. The label is home to Bumzu, Hwang Min-hyun, and groups Seventeen and TWS. Its name originates from the Pleiades, a star cluster in the constellation Taurus.

On May 25, 2020, Hybe Corporation became its majority shareholder, but Pledis remains an independent label.
Pearland, Texas
Pearland (/ˈpɛərlænd/ PEAR-land) is a city in Brazoria County, with portions extending into Fort Bend and Harris Counties, in Texas, United States. The city of Pearland is a principal city within the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 census, Pearland had a population of 125,828, up from a population of 91,252 at the 2010 census. Pearland's population growth rate from 2000 to 2010 was 142%, which ranked Pearland as the 15th-fastest-growing city in the U.S. during that time, compared to other cities with a population of 10,000 or greater in 2000. Pearland is the third-largest city in the Greater Houston area after Houston and Pasadena, Texas.

League City, Texas
League City is a city primarily in Galveston County, Texas, United States. It has a small portion north of Clear Creek within Harris County zoned for residential and commercial uses. The population was 114,392 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Greater Houston metropolitan area.

League City is home to several waterside resorts, such as South Shore Harbor Resort and Conference Center and Waterford Harbor and Yacht Club Marina, popular with residents of nearby Houston. Between 2000 and 2005, League City surpassed Galveston as Galveston County's largest city.
FK Riteriai
Futbolo Klubas Riteriai, also known as FK Riteriai or as Riteriai, is a Lithuanian professional football club based in Vilnius. Until 21 February 2019, the club was based in Trakai and was known as FK Trakai. The team won the 2024 I Lyga and earned promotion to the A Lyga after a one-year absence.

Riteriai, meaning "Knights" in Lithuanian, has volt green and dark blue as its team colors, previously yellow and blue before 2019. The club plays at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius, which has a capacity of 5,067.

FK Kauno Žalgiris
Futbolo Klubas Kauno Žalgiris (Football Club Kauno Žalgiris) is a professional football club based in Kaunas, Lithuania, that competes in the TOPLYGA, the top tier division of Lithuania. The club was founded as FM Spyris Kaunas in 2004, became the football section of basketball club Žalgiris Kaunas and moved to their current stadium, the Darius and Girėnas Stadium, in 2015. After their debut season in the A Lyga, the club adopted the name FK Kauno Žalgiris in 2016.
Rotterdam, New York
Rotterdam is a town in Schenectady County, New York, United States. The population was 30,523 at the 2020 census.

Rotterdam is in the south-central part of the county. It was founded in 1661 by Dutch settlers, who named it after the city of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, where many immigrants last touched European grounds. The town borders the city of Schenectady.

New York State Route 7
New York State Route 7 (NY 7) is a 180.30-mile-long (290.16 km) state highway in New York in the United States. The highway runs from the Pennsylvania state line south of Binghamton in Broome County, New York,  to the Vermont state line east of Hoosick in Rensselaer County, where it continues as Vermont Route 9 (VT 9). Most of the road runs along the Susquehanna Valley, closely paralleling Interstate 88 (I-88) throughout that road's length. Portions of the highway route near the cities of Binghamton, Schenectady, and Troy date back to the early 19th century.
Bob Denver
Robert Osbourne "Bob" Denver (January 9, 1935 – September 2, 2005) was an American comedic actor who portrayed beatnik Maynard G. Krebs on the 1959–1963 series The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis and Gilligan on the 1964–1967 television series Gilligan's Island.

The Good Guys (1968 TV series)
The Good Guys is an American sitcom that aired on CBS from September 25, 1968, to January 23, 1970. Forty-two color episodes were filmed. The program was produced by Talent Associates.

Although some episodes, including the pilot, have been posted online in color and black and white, the full series has never been released on home media or rebroadcast in decades, and a majority of the show has remained unseen since its original broadcast.
Kento Momota
Kento Momota (桃田 賢斗, Momota Kento; born 1 September 1994) is a former Japanese badminton player. He has won several major badminton tournaments including two BWF World Championships, two Badminton Asia Championships, and one All England title. Momota received a Guinness World Records certificate for "The most badminton men's singles titles in a season", for winning 11 titles in the 2019 season.

Known for his unpredictable and explosive playing style, he became the first ever Japanese men's singles player to achieve a BWF ranking of No.1 in 2018, holding this distinction for 121 weeks and subsequently being awarded the BWF's best male player of the year award. He is considered to be one of the greats of men's singles badminton.

Mayu Matsumoto
Mayu Matsumoto (松本 麻佑, Matsumoto Mayu; born 7 August 1995) is a Japanese badminton player. Born in Hokkaido, she graduated from Shiritsu Towanomorisanai High School. She plays for the Honegori Sagamihara team. Matsumoto was awarded as the 2018 Most Improved Player of the Year by the BWF together with her partner Wakana Nagahara. They obtained the honor after their win in the 2018 BWF World Championships title and improving their ranking from 14 to 3 in the world. In 30 April 2019, she reached a career high as a women's doubles world No. 1.
Michelle Englot
Michelle Jennet Englot (born January 22, 1964 in Montmartre, Saskatchewan; formerly known as Michelle Ridgway and Michelle Schneider); is a Canadian curler from Regina, Saskatchewan. She is a nine-time provincial champion skip.

Allison Flaxey
Allison "Alli" Flaxey (née Nimik; born February 13, 1985) is a Canadian curler from Caledon, Ontario. She currently plays third on Team Carly Howard. She is a former Canadian Mixed champion, and World Mixed Doubles bronze medallist.
Abscisic acid
Abscisic acid (ABA or abscisin II) is a plant hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the control of organ size and stomatal closure. It is especially important for plants in the response to environmental stresses, including drought, soil salinity, cold tolerance, freezing tolerance, heat stress and heavy metal ion tolerance.

Ethylene (plant hormone)
Ethylene (CH2=CH2) is an unsaturated hydrocarbon gas (alkene) acting as a naturally occurring plant hormone. It is the simplest alkene gas and is the first gas known to act as a hormone. It acts at trace levels throughout the life of the plant by stimulating or regulating the ripening of fruit, the opening of flowers, the abscission (or shedding) of leaves and, in aquatic and semi-aquatic species, promoting the 'escape' from submergence by means of rapid elongation of stems or leaves. This escape response is particularly important in rice farming. Commercial fruit-ripening rooms use "catalytic generators" to make ethylene gas from a liquid supply of ethanol. Typically, a gassing level of 500 to 2,000 ppm is used, for 24 to 48 hours. Care must be taken to control carbon dioxide levels in ripening rooms when gassing, as high temperature ripening (20 °C; 68 °F) has been seen to produce CO2 levels of 10% in 24 hours.
Pinus arizonica
Pinus arizonica, commonly known as the Arizona pine, is a medium-sized pine in northern Mexico, southeast Arizona, southwest New Mexico, and western Texas in the United States. It is a tree growing to 25–35 m tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in). The needles are in bundles of 3, 4, or 5, with 5-needle fascicles being the most prevalent. This variability may be a sign of hybridization with the closely related ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa). The cones are single, paired, or in whorls of three, and 5–11 cm long.

Pinus durangensis
Pinus durangensis, the Durango pine or pino real is a pine tree species endemic to the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range of north-western Mexico.

This species is related to Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa pine), and included in the same subsection Ponderosae.
Shane Lowry
Shane Lowry (born 2 April 1987) is an Irish professional golfer who plays on the European Tour and the PGA Tour. His notable victories include the Irish Open in 2009 as an amateur and the 2019 Open Championship.

Lowry played for the Irish teams which won the European Amateur Team Championship in both 2007 and 2008. He has represented Europe at the Ryder Cup in 2021, 2023 and 2025; Lowry holed the decisive putt at the latter event.

Gary Woodland
Gary Lynn Woodland (born May 21, 1984) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He won the U.S. Open in 2019, his first major championship and sixth professional victory.  Following a successful college career, he turned professional in 2007 and briefly competed on the Nationwide Tour.
Fan-tailed gerygone
The fan-tailed gerygone (Gerygone flavolateralis) is a species of bird in the family Acanthizidae. It is found in New Caledonia and Vanuatu. The Rennell gerygone (G. citrina) of the Solomon Islands was formerly considered conspecific, but was split as a distinct species by the IOC in 2021.

Cardinal myzomela
The cardinal myzomela (Myzomela cardinalisis) a species of passerine bird in the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. It is named for the scarlet color of the male. It is found in New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest. It frequents areas with flowers, such as gardens.  This is a small, active bird, measuring about 13 cm (5.1 in) from bill to tail. Males are red and black in coloration, females are grayish-olive, sometimes with a red cap or red head.  Its long, curved bill is especially adapted for reaching into flowers for nectar. It has sometimes been considered as conspecific with the Samoan myzomela (Myzomela nigriventris).
Castle Hill, New South Wales
Castle Hill is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, located 34 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district and 9.5 kilometres north of Parramatta. It is within the Hills District region, split between the local government areas of The Hills Shire and Hornsby Shire.

North-West T-way
The North-West T-way is a continuous series of bus-only lanes and bus roadways between Parramatta, Blacktown and Rouse Hill in Western Sydney. Opened in stages between March and November 2007, the 24 km (14.9 mi) T-way was the second bus rapid transit route to be built in Sydney after the Liverpool–Parramatta T-way.
Acquire (company)
Acquire Corp. (Japanese: 株式会社アクワイア, Hepburn: Kabushikigaisha Akuwaia) is a Japanese video game developer and publisher, mainly known for the Mario & Luigi series game, Mario & Luigi: Brothership, and their Tenchu and Way of the Samurai series.

Japan Studio
Japan Studio was a Japanese video game developer of Sony Interactive Entertainment based in Tokyo. It was best known for the Ape Escape, LocoRoco, Patapon, Gravity Rush, and Knack series, Ico, Shadow of the Colossus and Astro's Playroom. In April 2021, Japan Studio was reorganized and merged with Team Asobi and other SIE studios.
Torrie Wilson
Torrie Anne Wilson (born July 24, 1975) is an American former model, fitness competitor and retired professional wrestler. She is best known for her tenures in WWE and WCW.

As a fitness competitor, Wilson won the Miss Galaxy competition in 1999. Shortly after, she was signed by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), where she stayed from 1999 until 2000. In 2001, she made her debut on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as part of The Invasion (by WCW, of the [then-] WWF) storyline. Her most high-profile storylines took place in 2002 when she feuded with Dawn Marie, and 2003 with Sable. Wilson was part of the all-female stable (i.e., a group of storyline-associated characters) known as Vince's Devils, which ended its run in 2006.

Wilson has been on the cover of several magazines, including FHM and Playboy, which Wilson posed for twice, once along with Sable.

Wilson was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2019.

Manager (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a manager is a supporting character paired with a wrestler (or wrestlers) for a variety of reasons. A woman accompanying, or "seconding", a male wrestler to a match is sometimes referred to as a valet.

Performers who assume this role may be non-wrestlers, occasional wrestlers, older wrestlers who have retired or are nearing retirement, the tag team partner of the wrestler they are managing, or new wrestlers who are breaking into the business (or a specific company) and need experience in front of the crowds. The wrestler who is paired with a manager may be referred to as their charge, client, or ward. A professional wrestling manager's portrayal as a wrestler's decision-maker is usually fictional and has nothing to do with a wrestler or promotion's real-world counterpart or road agent.
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) (EC 1.1.1.1) are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to NADH. In humans and many other animals, they serve to break down alcohols that are otherwise toxic, and they also participate in the generation of useful aldehyde, ketone, or alcohol groups during the biosynthesis of various metabolites. In yeast, plants, and many bacteria, some alcohol dehydrogenases catalyze the opposite reaction as part of fermentation to ensure a constant supply of NAD+.

Lactate dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. LDH catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and back, as it converts NAD+ to  NADH and back. A dehydrogenase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from one molecule to another.

LDH exists in four distinct enzyme classes. This article is specifically about the NAD(P)-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase. Other LDHs  act on D-lactate and/or are dependent on cytochrome c: D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome).

LDH is expressed extensively in body tissues, such as blood cells and heart muscle. Because it is released during tissue damage, it is a marker of common injuries and disease such as heart failure.
Bulla Regia
Bulla Regia was a Berber, Punic, and Roman town near present-day Jendouba, Tunisia. Its surviving ruins and archaeological site are noted for their Hadrianic-era semi-subterranean housing, a protection from the fierce heat and effects of the sun. Many of the mosaic floors have been left in place; others may be seen at the Bardo Museum in Tunis. There is also a small museum connected with the site.

Chemtou
Chemtou or Chimtou was an ancient Roman-Berber town in northwestern Tunisia, located 20 km from the city of Jendouba near the Algerian frontier. It was known as Simitthu (or Simitthus in Roman period) in antiquity.
Vidhu Vinod Chopra
Vidhu Vinod Chopra (born 5 September 1952) is an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter and editor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including five National Film Awards and ten Filmfare Awards. He is known for directing films such as the crime drama Parinda (1989), the patriotic romantic drama 1942: A Love Story (1994), the action drama Mission Kashmir (2000) and the biographical drama 12th Fail (2023). He is also known for producing the Munna Bhai film series, 3 Idiots (2009), PK (2014), and Sanju (2018) under his banner Vinod Chopra Films.

Kundan Shah
Kundan Shah (19 October 1947 – 7 October 2017) was an Indian film director and writer.
He is known for his comedy classic Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro (1983) and his 1986–1987 TV series Nukkad with Saeed Akhtar Mirza.
Warrego Highway
The Warrego Highway is located in southern Queensland, Australia. It connects coastal centres to the south western areas of the state, and is approximately 715 km in length. It takes its name from the Warrego River, which is the endpoint of the highway. The entire highway is part of the National Highway system linking Darwin and Brisbane: formerly National Highway 54, Queensland began to convert to the alphanumeric system much of Australia had adopted in the early-2000s and this road is now designated as National Highway A2.

Bremer River (Queensland)
The Bremer River is a river that is a tributary of the Brisbane River, located in the Scenic Rim and Brisbane regions of South East Queensland, Australia. The 100-kilometre (62 mi)-long Bremer River drains several Scenic Rim valleys in south-east Queensland,  including the Fassifern Valley, with its catchment area covering approximately 2,032 square kilometres (785 sq mi). Most valleys within the catchment have extensive river terraces. The Bremer River system is extremely degraded.

European explorers John Oxley and Allan Cunningham visited the river in 1824 and it was first named by Oxley as Bremer's Creek presumably after Captain Gordon Bremer who was in charge of HMS Tamar, at that time performing duties in the waters of the colony of New South Wales.
Long jump
The long jump is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a takeoff point.  Along with the triple jump, the two events that measure jumping for distance as a group are referred to as the "horizontal jumps". This event has a history in the ancient Olympic Games and has been a modern Olympic event for men since the first Olympics in 1896 and for women since 1948.

Iván Pedroso
Iván Lázaro Pedroso Soler (Spanish pronunciation: [iˈβam peˈðɾoso]; born 17 December 1972) is a retired Cuban athlete, who specialized in the long jump, and is the current coach of Yulimar Rojas and Jordan Díaz.