hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.

Kupiansk Raion
Kupiansk Raion (Ukrainian: Куп'янський район) is a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Kupiansk. Population: 130,111 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Kupiansk Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Dvorichna, Shevchenkove, and Velykyi Burluk Raions, as well as the city of Kupiansk, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kupiansk Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 23,180 (2020 est.).

It is approximately 120 kilometers to the east of Kharkiv and 40 kilometers south of the border with Russia.
Shibata, Niigata
Shibata (新発田市, Shibata-shi) is a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 96,236 in 37,017 households, and a population density of 179 persons per km². The total area of the city was 533.10 square kilometres (205.83 sq mi).

Murakami, Niigata
Murakami (村上市, Murakami-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 58,300 in 22,594 households, and a population density of 50 persons per km². The total area of the city was 1,174.26 square kilometres (453.38 sq mi).
Kent (cigarette)
Kent is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company in the United States and British American Tobacco elsewhere. The brand is named after Herbert Kent, a former executive at Lorillard Tobacco Company.

Winston (cigarette)
Winston is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by ITG Brands, subsidiary of Imperial Tobacco in the United States and by Japan Tobacco outside the U.S. The brand is named after the town where R. J. Reynolds started his business, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. As of 2017, Winston has the seventh-highest U.S. market share (2 percent) of all cigarette brands, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Maxwell Report.

This market share has been falling since 2003, when it peaked at 3.92 percent, although Winston has consistently been in the top 10 cigarette brands by U.S. market share since 2001, according to data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.
Free State Provincial Legislature
The Free State Provincial Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of Free State. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the Premier of the Free State, who in turn selects the members of the Executive Council of the Free State.

Member of the Provincial Legislature
Member of the Provincial Legislature (MPL) is a title given to the members of eight of the nine provincial legislatures in South Africa. The Western Cape provincial constitution specifies that its provincial legislature be given the title of "Provincial Parliament", while its members hold the title of "Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP)".

According to the national Constitution of South Africa, the minimum size of a provincial legislature is 30 members and the maximum size is 80 members. These members are elected by party-list proportional representation with a closed list, using the largest remainder method with the Droop quota to allocate any surplus. Members are elected to a five-year term with no term-limits. The most recent election occurred in 2024.
Béla Fleck
Béla Anton Leoš Fleck (/ˈbɛɪlə/ BAY-lə; born July 10, 1958) is an American virtuoso banjo player whose work blends bluegrass with other genres, including jazz, and who is known for his work with the bands New Grass Revival and Béla Fleck and the Flecktones. Fleck has won 17 Grammy Awards and been nominated 39 times.

In 2020, he was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame as a member of New Grass Revival.

John Scofield
John Scofield (born December 26, 1951) is an American guitarist and composer. His music blends jazz, jazz fusion, funk, blues, soul and rock. He first came to mainstream attention as part of the band of Miles Davis.

He has been nominated for nine Grammy awards and won three.  He was also awarded the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.

He has toured and recorded with jazz saxophonists Eddie Harris, Dave Liebman, Joe Henderson, and Joe Lovano; keyboardists George Duke, Joey DeFrancesco, Herbie Hancock, Larry Goldings, and Robert Glasper; fellow guitarists Pat Metheny, John Abercrombie, Pat Martino, and Bill Frisell; bassists Marc Johnson and Jaco Pastorius; and drummers Jack DeJohnette, Billy Cobham, and Dennis Chambers. Outside the world of jazz, he has collaborated with Phil Lesh, Mavis Staples, John Mayer, Medeski Martin & Wood, and Gov't Mule.
Penalty shootout
The penalty shootout is a method of determining a winner in sports matches that would have otherwise been drawn or tied. The rules for penalty shootouts vary between sports and even different competitions; however, the usual form is similar to penalty shots in that a single player takes one shot on goal from a specified spot, the only defender being the goalkeeper. If the result is still tied, the shootout usually continues on a "goal-for-goal" basis, with the teams taking shots alternately, and the one that scores a goal unmatched by the other team is declared the winner. This may continue until every player has taken a shot, after which players may take extra shots, until the tie is broken, and is also known as "sudden death".

Melbourne Victory FC (women)
Melbourne Victory Football Club is an Australian professional women's association football team affiliated with Melbourne Victory FC and Football Federation Victoria based in Melbourne, Victoria. Founded in 2008, the team is one of the representatives of Melbourne in Australia's top-tier domestic competition – the A-League Women.

The Club plays at two home grounds. The Club's primary home ground is the Home of The Matildas. The club also plays home games at the in double header matches before the men's team at the Melbourne Rectangular Stadium, currently known as AAMI Park for sponsorship purposes, a 30,050-seat stadium on Olympic Boulevard in Melbourne's city centre. The Victory has previously played its home matches at other stadiums throughout Melbourne and surrounding areas, including Lakeside Stadium, Docklands Stadium and CB Smith Reserve.
Senegal men's national basketball team
The Senegal national basketball team (French: Équipe de basketball du Senegal) represents Senegal in men's international basketball and it is overseen by Federation Senegalaise de basketball, five time a gold medallist (in 1968, 1972, 1978, 1980, and 1997), a six time silver medallist, and a four time bronze medallist at the FIBA Africa Championship. Senegal was the first Sub-Saharan African team to qualify for the Summer Olympics Basketball Tournament.

The team has included several players who have competed in the U.S. National Basketball Association, including former Charlotte Bobcats center DeSagana Diop and current Minnesota Timberwolves center Gorgui Dieng, and is considered to be, along with those of Nigeria and Angola, a top African side.

South Korea men's national basketball team
The South Korea men's national basketball team (Korean: 대한민국 농구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea by FIBA) represents South Korea in international basketball competitions. They are administered by the Korea Basketball Association.

Based on the number of overall medals won, South Korea is a major force among the national teams of FIBA Asia. 
At the FIBA Asia Cup, they have won a record 25 medals in the competition. Furthermore, South Korea is the only nation that has qualified for every edition of the event since it was first held in 1960. While on the global level, South Korea has qualified for the FIBA World Cup eight times throughout their history.
Falz
Folarin Falana (Listenⓘ; born 27 October 1990), better known by his stage name Falz, is a Nigerian rapper, songwriter, and actor. He began his career in secondary school after forming a group called The School Boys with a friend, before launching his professional music career in 2009. Falz gained wider recognition after releasing the song "Marry Me" featuring vocals from Poe and Yemi Alade.

He currently owns an independent record label called Bahd Guys Records. He released his debut album Wazup Guy in 2014. His second album Stories That Touch was released in 2015. He released 27 in 2017, and his fourth studio album Moral Instruction in 2019.

Maleek Berry
Maleek Shoyebi listenⓘ(born 11 August 1987), professionally known as Maleek Berry, is a British-Nigerian record producer and recording artist. After his break into the spotlight in 2012, Maleek Berry was nominated as "Music Producer of the Year" at the 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards. Maleek Berry has worked with prominent artists such as Wizkid, Davido, Wale, Fuse ODG, Runtown and Iyanya. In 2017 the Starboy Label signed act was nominated in the Best Male category of the annual MOBO Awards.
Suwon Samsung Bluewings
The Suwon Samsung Bluewings (Korean: 수원 삼성 블루윙즈) are a South Korean football club based in Suwon that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. Founded in December 1995, they have won the K League on four occasions (1998, 1999, 2004 and 2008), as well as the Asian Club Championship twice, in 2000–01 and 2001–02.

K League Super Cup
The K League Super Cup is the annual curtain-raiser to the South Korean football season, and is contested between the champions of K League 1 and Korea Cup since 1999. It is currently sponsored by Coupang Play.
Hippostratus
Hippostratus (Ancient Greek: Ἱππόστρατος, romanized: Hippostratos, meaning "army of horses") was an Indo-Greek king who ruled central and north-western Punjab and Pushkalavati. Bopearachchi dates Hippostratus to 65 to 55 BCE whereas R. C. Senior suggests 60 to 50 BCE.

Danaïdes
In Greek mythology, the Danaïdes (/dəˈneɪ.ɪdiːz/; Greek: Δαναΐδες), also Danaides or Danaids, were the fifty daughters of Danaus, king of Libya. In the most common version of the myth, the daughters were forced to marry the sons of Danaus' brother Aegyptus. In retaliation, Danaus commanded them to kill their husbands on their wedding night, and all but one, Hypermnestra, obeyed. The Danaids were then condemned to spend eternity carrying water in a sieve or perforated jug.

The myth of the Danaids is found in numerous written accounts from antiquity, such as in the writings of Apollodorus, Pindar, and Pausanius. The names of the Danaids are inscribed in lists from Apollodorus and Hyginus, though they differ greatly.
Orbital inclination
Orbital inclination measures the tilt of an object's orbit around a celestial body.  It is expressed as the angle between a reference plane and the orbital plane or axis of direction of the orbiting object.

For a satellite orbiting the Earth directly above the Equator, the plane of the satellite's orbit is the same as the Earth's equatorial plane, and the satellite's orbital inclination is 0°. The general case for a circular orbit is that it is tilted, spending half an orbit over the northern hemisphere and half over the southern. If the orbit swung between 20° north latitude and 20° south latitude, then its orbital inclination would be 20°.

Spacecraft attitude determination and control
Spacecraft attitude control is the process of controlling the orientation of a spacecraft (vehicle or satellite) with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity such as the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.

Controlling vehicle attitude requires actuators to apply the torques needed to orient the vehicle to a desired attitude, and algorithms to command the actuators based on the current attitude and specification of a desired attitude.

Before and during attitude control can be performed, spacecraft attitude determination must be performed, which requires sensors for absolute or relative measurement.

The broader integrated field that studies the combination of sensors, actuators and algorithms is called guidance, navigation and control, which also involves non-attitude concepts, such as position determination and navigation.
Ben Hill County, Georgia
Ben Hill County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,194. The county seat is Fitzgerald. The county was organized in 1906. It is named after Benjamin Harvey Hill, a former Confederate and United States Senator.

Ben Hill County comprises the Fitzgerald micropolitan statistical area. The Ben Hill County Courthouse and Ben Hill County Jail are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Atkinson County, Georgia
Atkinson County is a county located in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 8,286. The county seat is Pearson. The county was formed in 1917 from parts of Coffee and Clinch counties. It is named for William Yates Atkinson, Democratic governor of Georgia from 1894 to 1898. In 2003, it had the highest illiteracy rate of any U.S. county at 36%.
Disruption of 1843
The Disruption of 1843, also known as the Great Disruption, was a schism in 1843 in which 450 evangelical ministers broke away from the Church of Scotland to form the Free Church of Scotland.
The main conflict was over whether the Church of Scotland or the British Government had the power to control clerical positions and benefits.  The Disruption came at the end of a bitter conflict within the Church of Scotland, and had major effects in the church and upon Scottish civic life.

Free Church of Scotland (since 1900)
The Free Church of Scotland  (Scottish Gaelic: An Eaglais Shaor; Scots: Free Kirk o Scotland) is a conservative evangelical Calvinist denomination in Scotland. It is the continuation of the original Free Church of Scotland that remained outside the union with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland in 1900, and remains a distinct Presbyterian denomination in Scotland.

From 1900, when the majority of the Free Church joined the United Presbyterians to form the United Free Church, The Free Church became known, pejoratively, as "The Wee Frees", even though, in 21st century Scotland, it is the largest Presbyterian denomination after the Church of Scotland. As this term was originally used in comparing the Free Church unfavourably with the United Free Church, the Free Church of Scotland now deprecates its use.
Primicerius
The Latin term primicerius, Hellenized as primikērios (Greek: πριμικήριος), was a title applied in the later Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire to the heads of administrative departments, and also used by the Church to denote the heads of various colleges.

Etymologically the term derives from primus in cera, which is to say in tabula cerata, the first name in a list of a class of officials, which was usually inscribed on a waxed tablet.

Magister officiorum
The magister officiorum (Latin; lit. 'Master of Offices'; Greek: μάγιστρος τῶν ὀφφικίων, romanized: magistros tōn offikiōn) was one of the most senior administrative officials in the Later Roman Empire and the early centuries of the Byzantine Empire. In Byzantium, the office was eventually transformed into a senior honorary rank, simply called magistros (μάγιστρος), until it disappeared in the 12th century.
Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg, Austria and Slovakia,  the  Regional-Express (pronounced [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlʔɛksˌpʁɛs] ⓘ; RE, or in Austria and Slovakia: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with a top speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and an average speed of about 70–90 km/h (45–55 mph) as it calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn (in Austria: Regionalzug) or S-Bahn trains, but stops more often than Intercity or Intercity Express services.

East Rhine Railway
The East Rhine Railway (German: Rechte Rheinstrecke, literally 'right (of the) Rhine railway') is a major, double-track, electrified railway line, running along the right bank of the Rhine from Cologne to Wiesbaden. The 179-kilometer (111.2 mi)-long line forms two Deutsche Bahn routes. Route 465 extends from Cologne to Koblenz, via Troisdorf, Bonn-Beuel, Unkel, and Neuwied. From Koblenz, Route 466 extends to Wiesbaden, via Rüdesheim am Rhein. Together with the Taunus railway (Route 645.1), the line is used by Stadt-Express line SE-10 of the Rhine-Main Transport Association, which runs from Frankfurt to Koblenz and Neuwied.

With the Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed railway and the Sieg Railway, the East Rhine Railway forms a six-track line  between Cologne-Porz and Troisdorf.  It includes two tunnels between Rüdesheim and Niederlahnstein, including the well-known Loreley Tunnel near Sankt Goarshausen.
Jackson State University
Jackson State University (Jackson State or JSU) is a public historically black research university in Jackson, Mississippi. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Jackson State University's athletic teams, the Tigers, participate in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). Jackson State is also the home of the Sonic Boom of the South, a marching band founded in the 1940s. Their accompanying danceline, the Prancing J-Settes, are known for their unique style of dance, known as "J-Setting".

Clark Atlanta University
Clark Atlanta University (CAU or Clark Atlanta) is a private, Methodist, historically black research university in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was founded on September 19, 1865, as Atlanta University, the first HBCU in the United States to confer graduate degrees to African Americans.   In 1988, the school consolidated with Clark College (established 1869) to form CAU. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Ruling class
In sociology, the ruling class of a society is the social class who set and decide the political and economic agenda of society.

In Marxist philosophy, the ruling class are the class who own the means of production in a given society and apply their cultural hegemony to determine and establish the dominant ideology (ideas, culture, mores, norms, traditions) of the society. In the case of the capitalist mode of production, that class is the capitalist class, also known as the bourgeoisie.

According to some theorists in the 21st century, the worldwide political economy established by globalization has created a transnational capitalist class who are not native to any one country.

Peter Turchin
Peter Valentinovich Turchin (/ˈtɜːrtʃɪn/; born 22 May 1957) is a Russian-American scientist who specializes in an area of study he and his colleagues developed called cliodynamics—mathematical modeling and statistical analysis of the dynamics of historical societies.

Turchin is an emeritus professor at the University of Connecticut in the departments of ecology and evolutionary biology, anthropology, and mathematics. He is a project leader at the Complexity Science Hub Vienna and a research associate at the School of Anthropology of the University of Oxford.

He was editor-in-chief and remains a member of the editorial board at Cliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution. Turchin is a founding director of the Seshat: Global History Databank. He was a director of the Evolution Institute. In 2021, he was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski Stadium
The Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski Stadium (Polish: Stadion Dyskobolii Grodzisk Wielkopolski) is a multi-use stadium in Grodzisk Wielkopolski, Poland.  The stadium is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Nasza Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski, and was previously (2020–2025) used by Warta Poznań to host their Ekstraklasa and I liga matches. It was originally built in 1925 and can hold 5,383 spectators.

It was the home ground of Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski, until the above-mentioned club was dissolved in 2015 and replaced with phoenix club Nasza Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski.

From 24 August 2023, the stadium is called Stadion Respect Energy, for sponsorship reasons.

Warta Poznań Stadium
The Warta Poznań Stadium (Polish: Stadion Warty Poznań), also known as Dębińska Road Stadium (Polish: Stadion przy Drodze Dębińskiej) and nicknamed Little Garden (Polish: Ogródek), is a football stadium located in the Wilda district of Poznań, Poland. For sponsorship reasons, the venue is also known as Ogródek by TedGifted.com. It is the home ground of II liga club Warta Poznań.

Originally, the stadium was used as a training ground for Warta; after the Edmund Szyc Stadium fell into disrepair in 1998 and was sold in 2001, it became the team's main venue, having been expanded and modernised over the years to suit the team's needs.

Due to not meeting Ekstraklasa and I liga requirements, it has not been used by Warta since the end of the 2018–19 season.

After relegation to the third division, Warta returned to the Ogródek during the 2025–26 season. They hosted their first game there in six years on 7 September 2025, a league fixture against Zagłębie Sosnowiec, which they won 1–0.
Maryland House of Delegates
The Maryland House of Delegates is the lower house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Maryland. It consists of 141 delegates elected from 47 districts. The House of Delegates Chamber is in the Maryland State House on State Circle in Annapolis, which serves as the meeting place of the Maryland General Assembly. The State House also houses the Maryland State Senate and the offices of the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of the State of Maryland. Each delegate has offices in Annapolis, in the nearby Casper R. Taylor Jr. House Office Building.

Maryland Legislative District 18
Maryland's Legislative District 18 is one of 47 Senate legislative Districts and one of 71 House legislative Districts in the state for the Maryland General Assembly. It covers part of Montgomery County.
Guy Warner
Guy Warner is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street who was portrayed by Craig Parker in a guest role in 1992 before returning as core cast from 1993 to 1996. Guy returned for the shows 15th anniversary in May 2007 and again from December 2007 to April 2008. He would make further cameos in 2020, 2023 and 2024.

Ken Blackburn (actor)
Kenneth Colster Blackburn MNZM (born 1935) is a New Zealand actor, director and writer. He has worked in film, television, radio and theatre in New Zealand, Australia and the United Kingdom since 1963.