hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donna Troy
Donna Troy is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is the original Wonder Girl, and later temporarily adopts another alias, Troia. Created by Bob Haney and Bruno Premiani, she first appeared in The Brave and the Bold #60 (July 1965) as Wonder Woman's younger sister and protégée, joining the Teen Titans during their second adventure. Donna has been commonly featured in stories involving the Titans, initially a group of superhero sidekicks which included Robin (Dick Grayson), Kid Flash (Wally West), and Aqualad (Garth), and is typically depicted as a founding member of the team.

Donna has appeared in numerous cartoon television shows and films. She made her live adaptation debut in the DC Universe/HBO Max series Titans, played by Conor Leslie.

Multiverse (DC Comics)
In most of the DC Comics media, the Multiverse is a "cosmic construct" that is composed of the many universes the stories of DC media take place in. The worlds within the multiverse share a space and fate in common, and its structure has changed several times in the history of DC Comics.
Magazine (artillery)
A magazine is an item or place within which ammunition or other explosive material is stored. The word is taken originally from the Arabic word makhāzin (مخازن), meaning "storehouses", via Italian and Middle French.

The term is also used for an ammunition dump, a place where large quantities of ammunition are stored for later distribution. This usage is less common.

Italian ironclad Formidabile
Formidabile was the lead ship of the Formidabile-class ironclad warships, the first ships of that type to be built for the newly formed Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy). Formidabile and her sister, Terribile, were both built in France; Formidabile was laid down in December 1860, was launched in October 1861, and was completed in May 1862. She was a broadside ironclad, equipped with four 203 mm (8 in) and sixteen 164 mm (6.5 in) guns.

The ship took part in the operation off Lissa in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence. There, she silenced the Austrian coastal batteries protecting the main port, but she was too badly damaged to take part in the ensuing Battle of Lissa. The ship's postwar career was limited due to a combination of drastically reduced naval budgets and the appearance of more modern ironclads. Formidabile was used as a training ship starting in 1887; she was discarded in 1903 and broken up for scrap.
Rómulo Gallegos
Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire (2 August 1884 – 5 April 1969) was a Venezuelan novelist and politician. In 1948, he became the first freely elected president in Venezuela's history. He was removed from power after only nine months by a military coup.

Rómulo Gallegos is considered the most important Venezuelan novelist of the 20th century and a prominent figure in Latin American literature.

Central University of Venezuela
The Central University of Venezuela (Spanish: Universidad Central de Venezuela; UCV) is a public university located in Caracas, Venezuela. Founded in 1721, it is the oldest university in Venezuela and one of the oldest in the Western Hemisphere.

The main university campus, Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, was designed by architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva and it is considered a masterpiece of urban planning and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000.
Non-metropolitan district
Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially "shire districts", are a type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties (colloquially shire counties) in a two-tier arrangement. Non-metropolitan districts with borough status are known as boroughs, able to appoint a mayor. Some shire counties, for example Cornwall, now have no sub-divisions so are a single non-metropolitan district.

Typically, a district will consist of a market town and its more rural hinterland. However, districts are diverse, with some being mostly urban (such as Dartford) and others more polycentric (such as Thurrock).

Holsworthy Hamlets
Holsworthy Hamlets is a civil parish in the northwest of Devon, England. It forms part of the local government district of Torridge and came into being on 1 April 1900 when the ecclesiastical parish of Holsworthy was split into two.

The parish almost surrounds the parish and town of Holsworthy, except on the east. It is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Bradworthy, Sutcombe, Milton Damerel, Thornbury, Cookbury, Hollacombe, Clawton, Pyworthy and Holsworthy, and Pancrasweek. In 2001 its population was 821, distributed among farms and hamlets such as Thorne and Chilsworthy (former Domesday manors), Youldon, Honeycroft, Vognacott, Merryfield, South Arscott (the original home of the Arscott family), Herdwick, Staddon and Chasty.

Soldon in the north of the parish is now a farmhouse, but in the 17th century it was a manor house of the Prideaux family and it retains many fittings of that period.
Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island of the country of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of 67.39 km2 (26.02 sq mi), and is home to 72% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. Avarua, on the north coast, is the location of the Parliament buildings and the capital of the Cook Islands. The country's international airport is also in Avarua, and Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination, with many resorts, hotels and motels.

Rarotonga has been populated by a Polynesian people since late in the 1st millennium. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig Endeavour, is credited as the European discoverer, on 25 July 1823 while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams.

Takutea
Takutea is a small uninhabited island in the Cook Islands, 21 kilometres (13 miles) north-west of Atiu. Administratively, the island is considered part of Atiu, the closest island. It is owned equally by all inhabitants of Atiu and not allocated to one specific village or district of Atiu.
Victorian Legislative Assembly
The Victorian Legislative Assembly is the state lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Victoria in Australia; the state upper house being the Victorian Legislative Council. Both houses sit at Parliament House in Spring Street, Melbourne. The main colour used for the upholstery and carpets furnishing the Chamber of the Legislative Assembly is green.

The presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly is the Speaker. There are presently 88 members of the Legislative Assembly elected from single-member divisions.

Electoral district of Wantirna
The Electoral district of Wantirna was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It was first created after the Electoral district of Scoresby was abolished in 1976. Geoff Hayes was the last member for Scoresby in its first incarnation, and the first for Wantirna. After the 2002 redistribution, the electorate was replaced, once again returning as the Electoral district of Scoresby. The last member of Wantirna, Kim Wells was also the first member for Scoresby, in its second incarnation.
National Guard (France)
The National Guard (French: Garde nationale) is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, active in its current form since 2016 but originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution. In 2016, France announced the reestablishment of the National Guard for the second time, in response to a series of terrorist attacks in the country.

It was founded as separate from the French Army and existed both for policing and as a military reserve. In its original stages from 1792 to 1795, the National Guard was perceived as revolutionary and the lower ranks were identified with sans-culottes. It experienced a period of official dissolution from 1827 to 1830 but was reestablished. Soon after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the National Guard in Paris again became viewed as dangerously revolutionary, which contributed to its dissolution in 1871.

June Days uprising
The June Days (French: les journées de Juin) were an uprising staged by French workers from 22 to 26 June 1848. It was in response to plans to close the National Workshops, created by the Second Republic in order to provide work and a minimal source of income for the unemployed. The National Guard, led by General Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, was called out to quell the rebellion. Over 1,500 people were either killed or injured, while 4,000 insurgents were deported to French Algeria. The uprising marked the end of the hopes of a "democratic and social republic" (république démocratique et sociale) and the victory of the liberals over the Radical Republicans.
Béziers
Béziers (French: [bezje] ⓘ; Occitan: Besièrs) is a city in southern France. It is a subprefecture of the Hérault department in the Occitanie region. Every August Béziers hosts the famous Feria de Béziers, which is centred on bullfighting. A million visitors are attracted to the five-day event.

The town is located on a small bluff above the river Orb, about ten kilometres (six miles) from the Mediterranean coast and 75 kilometres (47 miles) southwest of Montpellier. At Béziers, the Canal du Midi passes over the river Orb by means of the Pont-canal de l'Orb, an aqueduct claimed to be the first of its kind.

Trencavel
The Trencavel family was an important French noble family in Languedoc between the 10th and 13th centuries. The name "Trencavel" began as a nickname and later became the family's surname.  The name may derive from the Occitan words for "Nutcracker" (trenca avelana). The name was traditionally restricted in actual use only to those family members named Raymond, but the last Trencavel viscount, Raymond II, preferred the surname over his given name and adopted it for his charters.

The first well-known member of the family was Ato I, viscount of Albi in the early 10th century. He was followed by five generations of viscounts of Albi in direct father-to-son descent. During this same period the family came to dominate the episcopacy of Languedoc. Each of the viscounts from Ato II on had a younger brother named Frotarius (or Frothaire) who was a bishop, be it of Albi, Cahors, or Nîmes.
Gatha (Zoroaster)
The Gathas (/ˈɡɑːtəz, -tɑːz/) are five hymns in the Avestan language from the Zoroastrian oral tradition of the Avesta. The oldest surviving text fragment dates from 1323 CE, but they are believed by scholars to have been composed before 1000 BCE and passed down orally for centuries. They are traditionally believed to have been composed by the prophet Zarathushtra (Zoroaster) himself. They form the core of the Zoroastrian liturgy (the Yasna). They are arranged in five different modes or metres.

The Avestan term gāθā (𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 "hymn", but also "mode, metre") is cognate with Sanskrit gāthā (गाथा), both from the Proto-Indo-Iranian word *gaHtʰáH, from the root *gaH- "to sing".

Yazata
Yazata (Avestan: 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬙𐬀) is the Avestan word for a Zoroastrian concept with a wide range of meanings but generally signifying (or used as an epithet of) a divinity. The term literally means "worthy of worship or veneration", and is thus, in this more general sense, also applied to certain healing plants, primordial creatures, the fravashis of the dead, and to certain prayers that are themselves considered holy. The yazatas collectively are "the good powers under Ahura Mazda", who is "the greatest of the yazatas".
Quercus rubra
Quercus rubra, the northern red oak or common red oak, is an oak tree in the red oak group (Quercus section Lobatae). It is a native of North America, in the eastern and central United States and southeast and south-central Canada. It has been introduced to small areas in Western Europe, where it can frequently be seen cultivated in gardens and parks. It prefers good soil that is slightly acidic. Often simply called red oak, northern red oak is so named to distinguish it from southern red oak (Q. falcata), also known as the Spanish oak.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
Irish House of Lords
The Irish House of Lords, known formally as The Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled, was the upper house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from medieval times until the end of 1800. It was also the final court of appeal of the Kingdom of Ireland.

It was modelled on the House of Lords of England, with members of the Peerage of Ireland sitting in the Irish Lords, just as members of the Peerage of England did at Westminster. When the Act of Union 1800 abolished the Irish parliament, a subset of Irish peers sat as Irish representative peers in the House of Lords of the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom.

List of parliaments of Ireland
This is a list of parliaments of Ireland to 1801.

For subsequent parliaments, see the list of parliaments of the United Kingdom. For post-1918 parliaments, see elections in Ireland.  Parliaments before 1264 are not currently listed.

The kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain joined on 1 January 1801. For subsequent parliaments see the list of parliaments of the United Kingdom.
Administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county seat or town, or the place where the central administration of a commune or equivalent subdivision, is located.

In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a chef-lieu (French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø], pl. chefs-lieux, lit. 'chief place'  or 'main place') is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective.

Mishkinsky District, Bashkortostan
Mishkinsky District (Russian: Ми́шкинский райо́н; Bashkir: Мишкә районы, Mişkä rayonı; Meadow Mari: Мишкан кундем, Miškan kundem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with Burayevsky District in the west and north, Baltachevsky District in the north, Karaidelsky District in the east, Blagoveshchensky District in the southeast, and with Birsky District in the south and southwest. The area of the district is 1,689.11 square kilometers (652.17 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mishkino. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,318, with the population of Mishkino accounting for 23.8% of that number.
Gary Woodland
Gary Lynn Woodland (born May 21, 1984) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He won the U.S. Open in 2019, his first major championship and sixth professional victory.  Following a successful college career, he turned professional in 2007 and briefly competed on the Nationwide Tour.

Adam Hadwin
Adam Jerald Hadwin (born 2 November 1987) is a Canadian professional golfer who plays on the Korn Ferry Tour. He has won once on the PGA Tour, twice on the Korn Ferry Tour, and twice on the Canadian Tour.
Glywysing
Glywysing was, from the sub-Roman period to the Early Middle Ages, a petty kingdom in south-east Wales. Its people were descended from the Iron Age tribe of the Silures, and frequently in union with Gwent, merging to form Morgannwg.

Kingdom of Ceredigion
53°14′00″N 4°01′00″W﻿ / ﻿53.2333°N 4.0166°W﻿ / 53.2333; -4.0166

The Kingdom of Ceredigion was one of several Welsh kingdoms that emerged in post-Roman Britain in the mid-5th century. Cardigan Bay to the west and the surrounding hilly geography made it difficult for foreign invaders to conquer. Its area corresponded roughly to that of the county of Ceredigion. Ceredigion transparently means "the people of Ceredig". The kingdom as an independent entity ceased to exist around the year 872.
HK 36 Skalica
HK Skalica is a professional ice hockey team based in Skalica, Slovakia. It has been a member of the Slovak Extraliga since 1997–98 season, when the squad was promoted from the Slovak 1.Liga. Team is currently playing in the second highest league Slovak 1. Liga in Slovakia.

ŠHK 37 Piešťany
ŠHK 37 Piešťany was a professional Slovak ice hockey club, based in Piešťany, Slovakia. The club was founded in 1937. The team is nicknamed Havrani ("ravens"). The club was the regular-season champion of the Slovak 1. Liga in 2010 and 2011. They subsequently won the playoffs in 2011, beating HK 32 Liptovský Mikuláš in seven games, to advance to the playoff for the Extraliga. After finishing second in the 2011–12 season, they advanced to the Extraliga administratively following HC Slovan Bratislava's departure to the Kontinental Hockey League.
Wowow
Wowow (Wauwau; pronounced [waɯwaɯ], stylized in all-uppercase in Japanese) is a satellite broadcasting and premium satellite television station owned and operated by Wowow Inc. (株式会社WOWOW). Its headquarters are located on the 21st floor of the Akasaka Park Building in Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo. Its broadcasting center is in Koto, Tokyo.

Nippon BS Broadcasting
Nippon BS Broadcasting Corporation (日本BS放送株式会社, Nippon Bīesu Hōsō Kabushiki Gaisha) (TYO: 9414) is a private satellite broadcasting station in Kanda, Tokyo, Japan. It is an independent television station and is a subsidiary of Bic Camera. Its channel name is BS11 (BS Eleven) and was BS11 Digital until March 31, 2011. It was founded as Nippon BS Broadcasting Project (日本BS放送企画株式会社, Nippon Bīesu Hōsō Kikaku Kabushiki Kaisha) on August 23, 1999, changed its name to Nippon BS Broadcasting on February 28, 2007, and high-definition television broadcasts commenced on December 1, 2007.

BS11 gives high priority to news programs, sports, K-drama, TV Show, anime including late night anime and 3D television programs.
1931 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1931 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 45th staging of the All-Ireland hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The championship began on 10 May 1931 and ended on 1 November 1931.

Tipperary were the defending champions, however, they were defeated in the provincial series of games. Cork won the title following a 5–8 to 3–4 victory over Kilkenny in a second replay of the final.

1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1933 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 47th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The draw for the Munster fixtures took place on 26 February 1933, while the draw for the Leinster fixtures took place on 5 March 1933. The championship began on 23 April 1933 and ended on 3 September 1933.

Kilkenny entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 3 September 1933, Kilkenny won the championship following a 1–7 to 0–6 defeat of Limerick in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title in succession and their 10th All-Ireland title overall.

Limerick's Mick Mackey was the championship's top scorer with 4–8.
Gerry Conway
Gerard Francis Conway (born September 10, 1952) is an American comic book writer, comic book editor, science fiction writer, screenwriter, television writer, and television producer. He is known for co-creating the Marvel Comics vigilante antihero the Punisher as well as Peter Parker's clone Ben Reilly, the super villain Jackal, and the first Ms. Marvel, and also writing the death of the character Gwen Stacy during his long run on The Amazing Spider-Man in the story arc "The Night Gwen Stacy Died".

At DC Comics, he is known for co-creating the superheroes Firestorm, Power Girl, Jason Todd, and the villain Killer Croc, and for writing the Justice League of America for eight years. Conway wrote the first major, modern-day intercompany crossover, Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man.

Pablo Marcos
Pablo Marcos Ortega, known professionally as Pablo Marcos (born March 31, 1937), is a comic book artist and commercial illustrator best known as one of his home country Peru's leading cartoonists, and for his work on such popular American comics characters as Batman and Conan the Barbarian, particularly during the 1970s. His signature character was Marvel Comics' the Zombie, for which Marcos drew all but one story in the  black-and-white horror-comics magazine Tales of the Zombie (1973–1975).
Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.

Butyl group
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.

The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:

If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)

If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or sec-butyl: −CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl)

The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups:

If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: −CH2−CH(CH3)2 (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl)

If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl: −C(CH3)3 (preferred IUPAC name: tert-butyl)
Gjergj Arianiti
Gjergj Arianiti (13??–1462) was an Albanian feudal lord who led several successful campaigns against the Ottoman Empire. He was the father of Donika, Skanderbeg's wife, as well as the uncle of Moisi Golemi. Gjergj Arianiti was Skanderbeg's ally within the League of Lezhë before abandoning the alliance after the capture of Berat by the Ottomans in 1450. He later returned. Robert Elsie emphasizes that Arianiti was often Skanderbeg's rival. He allied with the Kingdom of Naples in 1446, left his alliance with Skanderbeg by 1449 and allied with Venice in 1456. However, his daughter married Skanderbeg and he remained officially part of the League of Lezhë, continuing to fight Ottomans successfully up to his death in 1462.

Albanian nobility
The Albanian nobility was an elite hereditary ruling class in Albania, parts of the western Balkans and later in parts of the Ottoman world. The Albanian nobility was composed of landowners of vast areas, often in allegiance to states like the Byzantine Empire, various Serbian states, the Republic of Venice, the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Naples in addition to the Albanian principalities. They often used Byzantine, Latin or Slavic titles, such as sebastokrator, despot, dux, conte and župan. Notably, they also constructed religious sites, castles and had powerful courts. The Albanian principalities were usually divided in history except during the Principality of Arbanon when there was only one Albanian state ruled by one dynasty, and also during the League of Lezhë where most of the Albanian nobility and peasant communities unified under a military alliance against the Ottoman Empire.