hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of duplicating a segment of DNA into RNA for the purpose of gene expression. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, composed of nucleotide sequences. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary RNA strand called a primary transcript.

In virology, the term transcription is used when referring to mRNA synthesis from a viral RNA molecule. The genome of many RNA viruses is composed of negative-sense RNA which acts as a template for positive sense viral messenger RNA - a necessary step in the synthesis of viral proteins needed for viral replication. This process is catalyzed by a viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase.

Ribosome biogenesis
Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes.  In prokaryotes, this process takes place in the cytoplasm with the transcription of many ribosome gene operons.  In eukaryotes, it takes place both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleolus. It involves the coordinated function of over 200 proteins in the synthesis and processing of the three prokaryotic or four eukaryotic rRNAs, as well as assembly of those rRNAs with the ribosomal proteins. Most of the ribosomal proteins fall into various energy-consuming enzyme families including ATP-dependent RNA helicases, AAA-ATPases, GTPases, and kinases. About 60% of a cell's energy is spent on ribosome production and maintenance.

Ribosome biogenesis is a very tightly regulated process, and it is closely linked to other cellular activities like growth and division.

Some have speculated that in the origin of life, ribosome biogenesis predates cells, and that genes and cells evolved to enhance the reproductive capacity of ribosomes.
Utah Archers
The Utah Archers are a professional field lacrosse team based in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area that competes in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL). The Archers are one of the six founding members of the PLL for the 2019 season. Notable players include Tom Schreiber, Grant Ament, and Graeme Hossack.

After an 8–2 season where they were the #1 seed and Tom Schreiber won MVP, they won the 2023 PLL championship, defeating the Waterdogs 15–14.

California Redwoods (lacrosse)
The California Redwoods are a professional field lacrosse team based in San Diego, California, that competes in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL). The team plays its home games at Torero Stadium. The Redwoods began play in the league's inaugural 2019 season.
Lever Brothers
Lever Brothers Limited was a British manufacturing company founded in 1885 by two brothers: William Hesketh Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme (1851–1925), and James Darcy Lever (1854–1916). They invested in and successfully promoted a new soap-making process invented by chemist William Hough Watson. Lever Brothers entered the United States market in 1895 and acquired Mac Fisheries, owner of T. Wall & Sons, in 1925. Its brands included Lifebuoy, Lux and Vim. Lever Brothers merged with Margarine Unie to form Unilever in 1929.

Wirral Peninsula
The Wirral Peninsula (/ˈwɪrəl/), known locally as the Wirral, is a peninsula in North West England. The roughly rectangular peninsula is about 15 miles (24 km) long and 7 miles (11 km) wide, and is bounded by the Dee Estuary to the west, the Mersey Estuary to the east and Liverpool Bay to the north.

Historically, the Wirral was wholly in Cheshire; in the Domesday Book, its border with the rest of the county was placed at "two arrow falls from Chester city walls".  However, since the Local Government Act 1972, only the southern third has been in Cheshire, with almost all the rest lying in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside. An area of saltmarsh and reclaimed land adjoining the south-west of the peninsula lies in the Welsh county of Flintshire.
Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
Rahat Fateh Ali Khan (Punjabi: راحت فتح علی خان, Punjabi pronunciation: [ɾɑːɦət̪ fəte(ɦ) əliː xɑːn]; born 9 December 1974) is a Pakistani Punjabi singer, primarily of Qawwali, a form of Sufi devotional music. Khan is one of the most popular and highest paid singers in Pakistan. He is the nephew of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the son of Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan and the grandson of Qawwali singer Fateh Ali Khan. In addition to Qawwali, he also performs ghazals and other light music. He is also well-known as a playback singer in the Hindi cinema and  Pakistan film industry.

Sukhwinder Singh
Sukhwinder Singh (born 18 July 1971) is an Indian playback singer who primarily sings Bollywood songs. He sang "Jai Ho" in the film Slumdog Millionaire, for which he won a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media. He has also received two Filmfare awards for his singing.

He also sang the song "Chaiyya Chaiyya" in the film Dil Se.., in a duet with Sapna Awasthi.
14th Panzer Division
The 14th Panzer Division (German: 14. Panzer-Division) was an armoured division in the German Army during World War II. It was created in 1940 by the conversion of the 4th Infantry Division.

The division took part in the invasion of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, eventually being destroyed in the Battle of Stalingrad. Reformed, the 14th Panzer Division soon returned to the Eastern Front and eventually surrendered to Soviet forces in Courland in May 1945.

Friedrich Kühn
General Friedrich Kühn (7 August 1889 – 15 February 1944) was a General der Panzertruppe in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Jack Link's 500
The Jack Link's 500 is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at the Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama. The race is usually held in April or May. The 1997 event stands as the fastest NASCAR race to date ever run with an average speed of 188.354 miles per hour (303.126 km/h) and was the first race at Talladega Superspeedway that was not interrupted by a caution period.

The race was known as the second leg of the sport's Grand Slam races from 1970 until the result of Ferko lawsuit in 2004. The race was also previously part of the Winston Million. Austin Cindric is the defending winner of the race, having won it in 2025.

Phil Parsons
Phillip Gregory Parsons (born June 21, 1957) is an American former professional stock car racing driver, team owner, and analyst for FOX NASCAR since 2003.  After years racing in NASCAR Winston Cup, he returned to the Busch Series where he enjoyed modest success.

After his racing career, Parsons also embarked on a career as a racing TV commentator, providing color analysis for the Mizlou Television Network. He was also a commentator for the DirecTV NASCAR Hot Pass during Sprint Cup races. Most recently he has been a color analyst for FS1's coverage of the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and, currently, the ARCA Menards Series.

Parsons was the starter for the 2007 Daytona 500, waving the green flag. In 2008, he became a part-owner of a new Nationwide Series team, MSRP Motorsports.
Croatia national rugby union team
The Croatia national rugby union team is governed by the Croatian Rugby Union. Croatia have been playing internationals rugby since 1992, they have yet to qualify for the Rugby World Cup. The national side is ranked 46th in the world (as of 20 March 2023)

Denmark national rugby union team
The Denmark national rugby union team is governed by Danish Rugby Union and has been playing international rugby since 1949.

DRU now has nearly 2,500 members in more than 30 clubs.

The DRU Superliga is the highest tier of the national rugby union competition in Denmark. Most of the national team's players play in the local league, however a handful of them play in amateur clubs in England, Sweden and France. There are no professional players that play for Denmark.

The national side is ranked 71st in the world, as of 17th January 2025.

The national side play in Rugby Europe's Conference division: https://www.rugbyeurope.eu/competitions/re-men-s-conference-2024-25 regularly playing sides like Finland and Norway.
Podkowa Leśna
Podkowa Leśna [pɔtˈkɔva ˈlɛɕna] (lit. 'Forest Horseshoe', in full: Miasto-ogród Podkowa Leśna – transl. Podkowa Leśna Garden City) is a town in Grodzisk Mazowiecki County, Masovian Voivodeship of Poland and located within the territory of the Młochowskie Forests. The town also has the status of gmina, meaning "commune". Population – ca. 4000.

Located in a beautiful setting not far from Warsaw, the town has an interesting collection of villas dating back to the interwar period, along with newly built modern family homes and mansions. Forests surround the city on three sides from the east, south, and north. Peacocks freely wonder around the town. It is considered by some to be "Warsaw's bedroom" given its relaxing, natural environment and close proximity to the capital of Poland, Warsaw.

Milanówek
Milanówek [mʲilaˈnuvɛk] is a town and urban commune in central Poland, in the Grodzisk Mazowiecki County in the Masovian Voivodeship. Located near Warsaw, it is often considered an outlying suburb of the capital of Poland but is in fact an independent entity administratively and culturally. Milanówek is however part of wider Warsaw metropolitan area. Located on the Middle Masovian Plain, between Grodzisk Mazowiecki and Pruszkow, the town has approximately 15,449 inhabitants. Milanówek is served by Milanówek railway station.
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (Hindi: Jhārkhaṇḍ, pronounced [d͡ʒʱaːɾkʰəɳɖ] ⓘ; lit. 'the land of forests') is a landlocked state in eastern India. The state shares borders with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital, and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. As per 2011 census, Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in cities.

Jharkhand suffers from what is sometimes termed a resource curse: it accounts for more than 40% of India's mineral production but 39.1% of its population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of children under five years of age are malnourished.

Vinoba Bhave University
Vinoba Bhave University is a state university located in Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India, about 100 km from Ranchi, the state capital. The university offers courses at the undergraduate and post-graduate levels. It manages and maintains 20 constituent colleges, as well as 61 affiliated colleges which teach up to the undergraduate level. The university educates people in physical science, life science, earth science, social science, humanities, commerce, technology, medical science, law, education, homeopathy and ayurvedic medicines.  The university came into existence on 17 September 1992 as a result of the bifurcation of Ranchi University.

The Governor of Jharkhand is the chancellor of Vinoba Bhave University. The university is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities. The University Grants Commission recognized the university and registered it under section 12B of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956.
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an antagonist blocks the action of the agonist, while an inverse agonist causes an action opposite to that of the agonist.

Dopamine releasing agent
A dopamine releasing agent (DRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of dopamine in the body and/or brain.

No selective DRAs are currently known. However, non-selective DRAs, including norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agents (NDRAs) like amphetamine and methamphetamine, serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agents (SNDRAs) like MDMA and mephedrone, and serotonin–dopamine releasing agents (SDRAs) like 5-chloro-αMT and BK-NM-AMT, are known.

A closely related type of drug is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI). In contrast to the case of DRAs, many selective DRIs are known. Examples of selective DRIs include amineptine, modafinil, and vanoxerine.
Janya
Janya is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a janya raga is one derived from one of the 72 melakarta ragas (fundamental melodic structures). Janya ragas are classified into various types based on a variety of features.

Mayamalavagowla
Mayamalavagowla (pronounced māyāmāḻavagauḻa) is a raga of Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is classified as 15th melakarta raga under Venkatamakhin's melakarta system. Originally known as malavagowla, "maya" was prefixed to it after the advent of the scheme of the 72 melas. The number 15 was assigned to it following the Katapayadi sankhya system. This is a morning raga.
Sonja Johnson
Sonja Johnson (born 14 December 1967 in Albany, Western Australia) is an Australian equestrian who won a silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing as part of the three-day eventing team. The team consisted of Megan Jones, Clayton Fredericks, Lucinda Fredericks and Shane Rose

She grew up on a farm and says she began riding at the age of three to help muster cattle on the property. In 2006, she won the Melbourne 3-Day-Event on the horse Ringwould Jaguar.

Shane Rose
Shane Rose (born 24 April 1973 in Sydney) is an Australian equestrian. A three-time Olympic medallist, he started riding at the age of five at the Forest Hills Pony Club. Rose lived with his parents and three siblings in Duffys Forest, New South Wales. He was educated at Newington College Preparatory School, Lindfield (1978–83), and Pittwater House. Rose's love for horses continued to grow, and at 21 years of age he represented Australia in the Young Rider Trans-Tasman competition with Mr Joe Cool.
Clapham Rovers F.C.
Clapham Rovers was a leading English sports organisation in the two dominant codes of football, association football and rugby union. It was founded in 1869 and was a prominent club in the late 19th century, but was dissolved in 1914 amid World War I. The club played variously on Clapham Common, Tooting Bec Common, and Wandsworth Common and wore a cerise and French-grey kit.

Oxford University RFC
The Oxford University Rugby Football Club (Oxford University RFC or OURFC) is the rugby union club of the University of Oxford. The club contests The Varsity Match every year against Cambridge University at Twickenham.
Petar Naumoski
Petar "Pece" Naumoski (Macedonian: Петар "Пеце" Наумоски; born 27 August 1968) is a former Macedonian professional basketball player. At a height of 1.95 m (6'4 3⁄4") tall, and a weight of 95 kg (210 lbs.). He played mainly at the point guard position during his career, but he could also play as a shooting guard and a small forward. He was a very skillful play maker. In his pro playing career, he had some quite successful years, while playing in Turkey and Italy.

Wendell Alexis
Wendell Paul Alexis (born July 31, 1964) is an American former professional basketball player who played for several European clubs, between 1986 and 2004, most notably for ALBA Berlin, where he was voted MVP of the German Bundesliga four times, during his 6-year stay with the club. In 2018, he was named to the 101 Greats of European Basketball list.
Postulant
A postulant (from Latin: postulare, "to ask") was originally one who makes a request or demand; hence, a candidate. The use of the term is now generally restricted to those asking for admission into a Christian monastery or a religious order for the period preceding their admission into the novitiate.

The term is most commonly used in the Catholic Church, Evangelical-Lutheran Churches, and the Anglican Communion (which includes the Episcopal Church) to designate those who are seeking ordination to the diaconate or priesthood. In this respect, postulancy is generally considered the first formal step leading to candidacy (for ordination) and ordination. The Eastern Orthodox Church uses this term less frequently.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Wangechi Mutu
Wangechi Mutu (pronunciationⓘ; born 1972) is a Kenyan American visual artist, known primarily for her painting, sculpture, film, and performance work. Born in Kenya, Mutu now splits her time between her studio there in Nairobi and her studio in Brooklyn, New York, where she  has lived and worked for over 20 years. Mutu's work has directed the female body as subject through collage painting, immersive installation, and live and video performance while exploring questions of self-image, gender constructs, cultural trauma, and environmental destruction and notions of beauty and power.

Lorna Simpson
Lorna Simpson (born August 13, 1960) is an American photographer and multimedia artist whose works have been exhibited both nationally and internationally. In 1990, she became one of the first African-American women to exhibit at the Venice Biennale. She came to prominence in the 1980s and 1990s with photo-text installations such as Guarded Conditions and Square Deal that questioned the nature of identity, gender, race, history and representation. Simpson continues to explore these themes in relation to memory and history using photography, film, video, painting, drawing, audio, and sculpture.
Lionel Barrymore
Lionel Barrymore (born Lionel Herbert Blyth; April 28, 1878 – November 15, 1954) was an American actor of stage, screen and radio as well as a film director. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in A Free Soul (1931) and is known to modern audiences for the role of villainous Mr. Potter in Frank Capra's 1946 film It's a Wonderful Life.

He is also particularly remembered as Ebenezer Scrooge in annual broadcasts of A Christmas Carol during his last two decades. He is also known for playing Dr. Leonard Gillespie in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's nine Dr. Kildare films, a role he reprised in a further six films focusing solely on Gillespie and in a radio series titled The Story of Dr. Kildare. He was a member of the theatrical Barrymore family.

The Mysterious Island (1929 film)
The Mysterious Island is a 1929 American sound part-talkie science fiction film directed by Lucien Hubbard, based on Jules Verne's 1874 novel L'Île mystérieuse (The Mysterious Island). The film was photographed largely in two-color Technicolor. In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. The sound was recorded via the Western Electric sound-on-film process. The film was released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Helmeted guinea fowl
The helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) is the best known of the guinea fowl bird family, Numididae, and the only member of the genus Numida. It is native to Africa, mainly south of the Sahara, and has been widely introduced, as a domesticated species, into the West Indies, North America, Colombia, Brazil, Australia and Europe.

Demoiselle crane
The demoiselle crane (Grus virgo) is a species of crane found in central Eurosiberia, ranging from the Black Sea to Mongolia and Northeast China. There is also a small breeding population in Turkey. These cranes are migratory birds. Birds from western Eurasia will spend the winter in Africa while the birds from Asia, Mongolia and China will spend the winter in the Indian subcontinent. The bird is symbolically significant in the culture of India, where it is known as koonj or kurjaa.
Heracles
Heracles (/ˈhɛrəkliːz/ ⓘ Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλῆς, lit. 'glory/fame of Hera'), born Alcaeus (Ἀλκαῖος, Alkaios) or Alcides (Ἀλκείδης, Alkeidēs), was a divine hero in Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, and the foster son of Amphitryon. He was a descendant of Perseus, another son of Zeus.

He was the greatest of the Greek heroes, the ancestor of royal clans known as Heracleidae (Ἡρακλεῖδαι), and a champion of the Olympian order against chthonic monsters. In Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom the later Roman emperors, in particular Commodus and Maximian, often identified themselves. Details of his cult were adapted to Rome as well.

Aleus
In Greek mythology, Aleus (or Aleos) (Ancient Greek: Ἀλεός) was the king of Arcadia, eponym of Alea, and founder of the cult of Athena Alea. He was the grandson of Arcas. His daughter Auge was the mother of the hero Telephus, by Heracles. Aleus's sons Amphidamas and Cepheus, and his grandson Ancaeus were Argonauts. Ancaeus was killed by the Calydonian boar.
Mascarene coot
The Mascarene coot (Fulica newtonii) is an extinct species of coot that inhabited the Mascarene islands of Mauritius and Réunion. Long known from subfossil bones found in the Mare aux Songes swamp on the former island, but only assumed from descriptions to also have been present on the latter, remains have more recently been found on Réunion also. Early travellers' reports from Mauritius were, in reverse, generally assumed to refer to common moorhens, but it seems that this species only colonized the island after the extinction of the endemic coot.

Mauritius night heron
The Mauritius night heron (Nycticorax mauritianus) is an extinct night heron species from Mauritius. It is only known by seven subfossil bone remains consisted of cranium, pelvis, coracoid, ulna, radius, and tarsometatarsus found in Mare aux Songes. Only the coracoid and the tarsometatarsus are left today. It was scientifically described in 1893 by Edward Newton and Hans Gadow from the University of Cambridge. Newton and Gadow measured the tarsometatarsus with 81 to 87 mm. It became presumedly extinct shortly after it was first mentioned by François Leguat in 1693 who described them as a "great flight of bitterns".
Asaduzzaman Noor
Asaduzzaman Noor (born 31 October 1946) is a Bangladeshi actor, politician and activist. He was a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Nilphamari-2 constituency during 2001–2024 and served as the cultural affairs minister during 2014–2019.

Noor worked as an actor in theatre, film and television productions. He is best known for his role as Baker Bhai in the television series Kothao Keu Nei. His other notable television works include Ei Shob Din Ratri, Aaj Robibar, Ayomoy, Bohubrihi and Nokkhotrer Raat. His notable films are Shonkhonil Karagar (1992) and Aguner Poroshmoni (1994).

In 2018, Noor was awarded the Independence Day Award, the highest civilian state award in Bangladesh, by the government of Bangladesh.

Suborna Mustafa
Suborna Mustafa (Bengali: সুবর্ণা মুস্তাফা; born 2 December 1959) is a Bangladeshi television, film and stage actress. She is a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Reserved Women's Seat-4 from 2019 to 2024. She is a member of the Bangladesh Awami League party.

Mustafa is notable for her roles in television drama serials including Kothao Keu Nei (1990), Aaj Robibar (1999) and Ayomoy (1991). She won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress twice for her performance in the films Notun Bou (1983) and Gohin Baluchor (2017). She was awarded Ekushey Padak in culture category by  the Government of Bangladesh in 2019.