hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pashto
Pashto (/ˈpʌʃtoʊ/,/ˈpæʃtoʊ/ PASH-toh; پښتو, Pəx̌tó, [pəʂˈto, pʊxˈto, pəʃˈto, pəçˈto]) is an eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family, natively spoken in northwestern Pakistan and southern and eastern Afghanistan. It has official status in Afghanistan. It was also known in historical Persian literature as Afghani (افغانی, Afghāni).

Spoken as a native language mainly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan alongside Dari, and it is spoken as the second-largest provincial language in Pakistan, spoken mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the northern districts of Balochistan. Likewise, it is the primery language of the Pashtun diaspora around the world. The total number of Pashto-speakers is estimated at around 35 million to 55 million. Pashto is "one of the primary markers of ethnic identity" amongst Pashtuns.

Sarbani
The Saṛbanī (Pashto: سړبني) or Sarban Confederacy are a tribal group of Pashtuns. They are situated in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The Sarbani include many Pashtun tribes, including Yusufzai, Mandanr, Utmanzai,  Sherani, Tareen, Loni, Durrani (Abdali), Khalil, Kheshgi, Kasi which includes Mohmand and Shinwari, Daudzai, Muhammadzai, Chamkani and Tarkalani. According to the Pashtun legend of origins, the members of the Sarbani group all descend from Sarban, said to be the first son of the legendary founding father of the Pashtun people, Qais Abdur Rashid.
Astrakhan Khanate
The Khanate of Astrakhan was a Tatar rump state of the Golden Horde. The khanate existed in the 15th and 16th centuries in the area adjacent to the mouth of the Volga river, around the modern city of Astrakhan. Its khans claimed patrilineal descent from Toqa Temür, the thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan.

Mahmud bin Küchük established the Khanate in the 1460s. The capital was the city of Xacitarxan, also known as Astrakhan in Russian chronicles. Its territory included the Lower Volga valley and the Volga Delta, including most of what is now Astrakhan Oblast and the steppeland on the right bank of Volga in present-day Kalmykia. To the south was the Caspian Sea, to the east the Nogai Horde, and to the west Nogais who were theoretically subjects of the Crimean Khanate.

Siege of Kazan
The siege of Kazan or Fall of Kazan in 1552 was the final battle of the Russo-Kazan Wars and led to the fall of the Khanate of Kazan. Conflict continued after the fall of Kazan, however, as rebel governments formed in Çalım and Mişätamaq, and a new khan was invited from the Nogais. This guerrilla war lingered until 1556.
Glottal stop
A glottal stop or glottal plosive is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis. It is familiar to English-speakers as the catch in the middle of "uh-oh". The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʔ⟩.

As a result of the action of the glottis, glottal vibration either stops or becomes irregular with a low rate and sudden drop in intensity.

Voiced postalveolar fricative
A voiced postalveolar or palato-alveolar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to many if not most English-speakers as the "s" sound in "fusion".

The International Phonetic Association uses the phrase voiced postalveolar fricative for the sibilant sound [ʒ], though technically it also describes the voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative [ɹ̠˔], for which there are significant perceptual differences.
Maiduguri
MaiduguriListenⓘ (/maɪˈduːɡʊri/ my-DOO-guurr-ee) is the capital and the largest city of Borno State in north-eastern Nigeria, on the continent of Africa. The city sits along the seasonal Ngadda River which disappears into the Firki swamps in the areas around Lake Chad. Maiduguri was founded in 1907 as a military outpost by the British Empire during the colonial period. As of 2022, Maiduguri is estimated to have a population of approximately two million people, in the metropolitan area.

Gombe, Nigeria
GombeListenⓘ (Fula: Gelle/Wuro Gombe 𞤺𞤫𞥅𞤤𞥆𞤫/𞤱𞤵𞥅𞤪𞤮 𞤺𞤮𞤥𞤥𞤦𞤫,) is the capital city of Gombe State, north-eastern Nigeria, with an estimated population of around 450,000. The major spoken languages in Gombe are Fulfulɗe and Hausa.
Lamont Dozier
Lamont Herbert Dozier (/ləˈmɒnt ˈdoʊʒər/; June 16, 1941 – August 8, 2022) was an American singer, songwriter, and record producer from Detroit. He co-wrote and produced 14 Billboard #1 hits in the US and 4 #4 in the UK.

Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
The Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart ranks the most popular R&B and hip hop songs in the United States and is published weekly by Billboard. Rankings are based on a measure of radio airplay, sales data, and streaming activity. The chart had 100 positions but was shortened to 50 positions in October 2012.

The chart is used to track the success of popular music songs in urban, or primarily African-American, venues. Dominated over the years at various times by jazz, Blues rhythm and blues, doo-wop, rock and roll, soul, and funk, it is today dominated by contemporary R&B and hip hop. Since its inception, the chart has changed its name many times in order to accurately reflect the industry at the time.
Split-finger fastball
A split-finger fastball or splitter is an off-speed pitch in baseball that initially looks like a fastball from the batters perspective, but then drops suddenly. Derived from the forkball, it is aptly named because the pitcher puts the index and middle finger on different sides of the ball.

Screwball
A screwball, also called a scroogie or an airbender, is a baseball and fastpitch softball pitch that is thrown so as to break in the opposite direction of a slider or curveball. Depending on the pitcher's arm angle, the ball may also have a sinking action.

Carl Hubbell was one of the most renowned screwball pitchers in the history of Major League Baseball. Hubbell was known as the "scroogie king" for his mastery of the pitch and the frequency with which he threw it. Other famous screwball hurlers include Tug McGraw, inaugural Hall of Fame member Christy Mathewson, and Cy Young Award winners Mike Cuellar, Fernando Valenzuela, Mike Marshall, and Willie Hernández.
Ponyri, Ponyrovsky District, Kursk Oblast
52°19′00″N 36°18′00″E﻿ / ﻿52.31667°N 36.30000°E﻿ / 52.31667; 36.30000

Ponyri is an urban-type settlement in the Ponyrovsky District of the Kursk Oblast. It has been famous for its apples, known as Antonovskiye Yabloki (English: Antonov's apples [variety]) In the Soviet era it largely consisted of two state farms (sovkhozi), Ponyri 1 and 2. In English-language publications it is sometimes referred to as Ponyri Station, due to its location on the railway between Oryol and Kursk. Population: 4,916 (2021 census); 4,791 (2010 census); 4,697 (2002 census); 4,941 (1989 Soviet census).

Kutasovka
Kutasovka (Russian: Кутасовка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Bolshezhirovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  50 (2010 Census); 43 (2002 Census);
Brigadier general (United States)
In the United States Armed Forces, a brigadier general is a one-star general officer in the United States Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force.

A brigadier general ranks above a colonel and below a major general.  The pay grade of brigadier general is O-7. 
It is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral (lower half) in the other United States uniformed services which use naval ranks.  It is abbreviated as BG in the Army, BGen in the Marine Corps, and Brig Gen in the Air Force and Space Force.

The Civil Air Patrol also uses this grade for its National Vice Commander and some past National commanders.

George W. McIver
Brigadier General George Willcox McIver (February 22, 1858 – May 9, 1947) was a United States Army officer who served as acting Chief of the Militia Bureau and commanded the 81st Division's 161st Brigade in World War I.
Naresuan
Naresuan (1555/1556 – 25 April 1605), commonly known as Naresuan the Great, or Sanphet II was the 18th monarch of the Ayutthaya Kingdom and the 2nd of the Sukhothai dynasty. He was the king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1590 and overlord of Lan Na from 1602 until his death in 1605. Naresuan is one of Thailand's most revered monarchs as he is known for his campaigns to free Ayutthaya from the vassalage of the First Toungoo Empire. During his reign, numerous wars were fought against Taungoo Burma. Naresuan also welcomed the Dutch.: 242

Front Palace
Krom Phra Ratchawang Bowon Sathan Mongkhon กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล, colloquially known as the Front Palace (Thai: วังหน้า, RTGS: Wang Na), was the title of the uparaja of Siam, variously translated as "viceroy", "vice king" or "Lord/Prince of the Front Palace", as the titleholder resided in the physical residence of the same name. The office of Front Palace was considered second only to the king and regarded as the heir presumptive. The name, with its dual meaning, originated in the Ayutthaya period, and the holder later gained significant powers during the Rattanakosin period. Front Palace occupants were usually a son or brother of the reigning monarch. The office existed until the death of the last occupant, Prince Wichaichan, in 1885. King Chulalongkorn then abolished the office of an heir presumptive, introducing in its stead the Western concept of a crown prince as heir apparent, and styled the new office "Crown Prince of Siam".
Udupi
Udupi (Kannada: [uɖupi]) also known as Odipu (Tulu: [oɖipu]) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Udupi district, and one of the fastest-growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka and has various educational institutions. It is notable for the Krishna Temple and is also known as the temple city. It also lends its name to the popular Udupi cuisine, is also known as Parashurama Kshetra, and is famous for Kanakana kindi. Udupi district is located in western part of Karnataka.

Dharwad
Dharwad (Kannada pronunciation: [d̪ʰäːɾɐʋäːɖɐ] ⓘ), also known as Dharwar, is a city located in the northwestern part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Dharwad district of Karnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merged with Hubballi in 1962 to form the twin cities of Hubballi-Dharwad. It covers an area of 213 km2 (82 sq mi) and is located 430 km (270 mi) northwest of Bangalore, on NH-48, between Bangalore and Pune.

In 2016, Hubli-Dharwad was selected for solar city / green city master plans. In 2017, government of India included Hubli-Dharwad city for a smart city project, a flagship scheme for overall development of infrastructure in the twin-cities.
Lady Randolph Churchill
Jennie Jerome Churchill CI RRC DStJ (born Jeanette Jerome; later Mrs. Cornwallis-West; 9 January 1854 – 29 June 1921), known as Lady Randolph Spencer-Churchill, was an American-born British socialite, the wife of Lord Randolph Churchill, and the mother of British prime minister Winston Churchill.

Jennie published her memoirs in 1908. In 1909, her theatrical play His Borrowed Plumes debuted in The Globe Theatre. Although Mrs Patrick Campbell produced and took the lead role in the play, it was a commercial failure. Jennie served as the chair of the hospital committee for the American Women's War Relief Fund, starting in 1914. Her organization helped fund and staff two hospitals during World War I.

Jacques Balsan
Louis Jacques Balsan (September 16, 1868 – November 4, 1956) was a French aviator and industrialist, who was the second husband of society beauty Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough. He married her immediately after her divorce from the 9th Duke of Marlborough in 1921.
Helensvale railway station
Helensvale railway station is a major public transport interchange in the Gold Coast suburb of Helensvale. Helensvale railway station is served by the Queensland Rail Citytrain network Gold Coast line, G:link light rail and Kinetic Gold Coast bus services.

Gold Coast University Hospital
Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH or GCH), also simply known as Gold Coast Uni Hospital, is a major teaching hospital and a tertiary-level district general hospital on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, opened on 28 September 2013. The hospital was built on a greenfield site adjacent to Griffith University’s Gold Coast campus at a cost of approximately A$1.8 billion.
Voronoi diagram
In mathematics, a Voronoi diagram is a partition of a plane into regions close to each of a given set of objects. It can be classified also as a tessellation. In the simplest case, these objects are just finitely many points in the plane (called seeds, sites, or generators). For each seed there is a corresponding region, called a Voronoi cell, consisting of all points of the plane closer to that seed than to any other. The Voronoi diagram of a set of points is dual to that set's Delaunay triangulation.

The Voronoi diagram is named after mathematician Georgy Voronoy, and is also called a Voronoi tessellation, a Voronoi decomposition, a Voronoi partition, or a Dirichlet tessellation (after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet). Voronoi cells are also known as Thiessen polygons, after Alfred H. Thiessen. Voronoi diagrams have practical and theoretical applications in many fields, mainly in science and technology, but also in visual art.

Delone set
In the mathematical theory of metric spaces,  ε-nets,  ε-packings,  ε-coverings, uniformly discrete sets, relatively dense sets, and Delone sets (named after Boris Delone) are several closely related definitions of well-spaced sets of points, and the packing radius and covering radius of these sets measure how well-spaced they are. These sets have applications in coding theory, approximation algorithms, and the theory of quasicrystals.
Red-footed booby
The red-footed booby (Sula sula) is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. Adults always have red feet, but the colour of the plumage varies. They are powerful and agile fliers, harnessing the wind to fly efficiently, but they are clumsy in takeoffs and landings. They forage by catching flying fish from above the ocean's surface and by performing shallow dives. They are found widely in the tropics, and breed colonially in coastal regions, especially isolated islands such as St. Brandon, Mauritius (Cargados Carajos shoals), and the Chagos Archipelago. Although its population is declining, it is considered to be a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It faces threats  from climate change, competition with fisheries, human disturbance, and invasive species.

Yucatan vireo
The Yucatan vireo (Vireo magister) is a species of bird in the family Vireonidae, the vireos, greenlets, and shrike-babblers. It is found on Grand Cayman and in Belize, Honduras, and Mexico. It has once been documented as a vagrant in Texas.
M56 motorway
The M56 motorway serves the Cheshire and Greater Manchester areas of England. It runs east to west from junction 4 of the M60 at Gatley, south of Manchester, to Dunkirk, approximately four miles (six kilometres) north of Chester. With a length of 33.3 miles (53.6 km), it connects North Wales and the Wirral peninsula with much of the rest of North West England, serves business and commuter traffic heading towards Manchester, particularly that from the wider Cheshire area, and provides the main road access to Manchester Airport from the national motorway network.

Between junctions 9 and 16, the motorway forms part of the unsigned European route E22 on its route in the UK between Holyhead in Anglesey and Immingham in Lincolnshire.

Lymm
Lymm (/ˈlɪm/ LIM) is a village and civil parish in Cheshire, North West England, now in the Borough of Warrington. It incorporates the hamlets of Booths Hill, Broomedge, Church Green, Deansgreen, Heatley, Heatley Heath, Little Heatley, Oughtrington, Reddish, Rush Green and Statham. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, the parish comprised a population of 12,660, with the built-up area having a population of 11,545.

Situated just over a mile south of the Manchester Ship Canal and River Mersey, historically the county boundary between Lancashire and Cheshire, Lymm's neighbouring villages are Warburton, Thelwall and High Legh. Warrington is its nearest town 6 miles (9.7 km) to the west, with Altrincham being 7 miles (11 km) due east and Knutsford 9 miles (14 km) south east.
Novocherkassk
Novocherkassk (Russian: Новочерка́сск, lit. 'New Cherkassk') is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the cultural capital of the Cossacks, and as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. Population:  168,746 (2010 census); 170,822 (2002 census); 187,973 (1989 Soviet census).

Stanitsa
A stanitsa or stanitza (/stəˈniːtsə/ stə-NEET-sə; Russian: станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ⓘ), also spelled stanytsia (Ukrainian: станиця [stɐˈnɪtsʲɐ]) or stanitsa (Belarusian: станіца [staˈnʲitsa]), was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host, a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire.
Dublin Bus
Dublin Bus (Irish: Bus Átha Cliath) is an Irish state-owned bus operator providing services in Dublin. By far the largest bus operator in the city, it carried 145 million passengers in 2023. It is a subsidiary of Córas Iompair Éireann.

Malahide
Malahide (/ˈmæləhaɪd/ MAL-ə-hyde; Irish: Mullach Íde, meaning 'possibly "the [sand]hill of Íde"') is an affluent coastal settlement in Fingal, County Dublin, Ireland, situated 14 kilometres (9 miles) north of Dublin city. It has a village centre surrounded by suburban housing estates, with a population of 18,608 as per the 2022 census.

Malahide Castle dates from the 12th century and is surrounded by a large park, part of which incorporates an international cricket ground. The area also features a sandy beach, a marina, a parkrun and a number of sporting clubs.
Keizersgracht
The Keizersgracht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɛizərsˌxrɑxt]; "Emperor's canal") is a canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It is the second of the three main Amsterdam canals that together form the Grachtengordel, or canal belt, and lies between the inner Herengracht and outer Prinsengracht.

Lijnbaansgracht
Lijnbaansgracht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlɛimbaːnsˌxrɑxt]) is a partly filled-in canal in Amsterdam which bends beyond the boundary of the center, Amsterdam-Centrum. The canal runs parallel to the Singelgracht, between the Brouwersgracht and the Reguliersgracht.
Steinkjer Municipality
Steinkjerⓘ (Norwegian) or Stïentje (Southern Sami) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Innherad region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Steinkjer which is located on the inner part of the Trondheimsfjord. The town is also the administrative centre for Trøndelag county. Other populated areas in Steinkjer include the villages of Bartnes, Beitstad, Binde, Byafossen, Follafoss, Følling, Gaulstad, Henning, Hyllbrua, Kvam, Lerkehaug, Malm, Mære, Sela, Skei, Sparbu, Stod, Sunnan, Vassaunet, Vellamelen, and Verrastranda.

The 2,122-square-kilometre (819 sq mi) municipality is the 31st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Steinkjer Municipality is the 54th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 24,032. The municipality's population density is 11.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (29/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Meråker Municipality
Meråker is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Stjørdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Midtbygda which is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Storlien in Sweden and 46 kilometres (29 mi) east of the town of Stjørdalshalsen in neighboring Stjørdal Municipality. Other villages in the municipality include Gudåa, Kopperå, and Stordalsvollen.

The 1,274-square-kilometre (492 sq mi) municipality is the 80th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Meråker Municipality is the 259th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,454. The municipality's population density is 1.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.9/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.9% over the previous 10-year period.

The municipality markets itself as a recreational area. The main areas of employment are in industry and agriculture. The municipality is noted for its characteristic dialect.
Constantine (comic book)
Constantine is a former ongoing comic book series published by DC Comics, which started in March 2013. It features English Magician John Constantine reestablished into the DC Universe and replaces the former Vertigo Comics title Hellblazer, which ended with its 300th issue after 25 years in February 2013. The title character was originally created by Alan Moore in his 1980s run on Swamp Thing. The series received mixed reviews; writers praised its story but were critical of its characters, setting, and artwork. Many were disappointed that the series replaced Hellblazer, with writer Joshua Hale Fialkov stating the series did not have the "real" John Constantine.

Justice League Dark
Justice League Dark, or JLD, is a superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The team made their debut in Justice League Dark #1 (September 2011). The team features some of the more supernatural characters in the DC Universe, handling mystical threats and situations deemed outside the scope of the traditional Justice League. Similarly to the Justice League title, the team features well-known characters such as John Constantine, Zatanna, Doctor Fate, and Wonder Woman while also bringing exposure to lesser-known supernatural characters. Two animated films were produced based on the team: Justice League Dark (2017) and Justice League Dark: Apokolips War (2020).
Jacoby Open Swiss Teams
The Jacoby Open Swiss Teams national bridge championship is held at the spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Jacoby Open Swiss Teams is a four session Swiss Teams event with two qualifying and two final sessions. The event typically starts on the second Saturday of the NABC. The event is open.

Norman Kay Platinum Pairs
The Norman Kay Platinum Pairs national bridge championship is held at the spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Norman Kay Platinum Pairs is a six-session open-pairs event with two qualifying, two semi-final, and two final sessions.
It is restricted to those players who have earned 50 platinum masterpoints over the three calendar years prior, earned at least 200 platinum points lifetime, or earned the rank of Platinum Life Master or Grand Life Master.
Kildare county hurling team
The Kildare county hurling team represents Kildare in hurling and is governed by Kildare GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the Joe McDonagh Cup and the National Hurling League.

Kildare's home ground is St Conleth's Park, Newbridge. The team's manager is Brian Dowling.

The team has never won the Leinster Senior Championship, the All-Ireland Senior Championship or the National League.

Antrim county hurling team
The Antrim county hurling team represents Antrim GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in the Gaelic sport of hurling. The team competes in the Joe McDonagh Cup and the National Hurling League. It also contests the Ulster Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) when the competition is run, winning the latest title in 2017.

Antrim's home ground is Casement Park, Belfast. The team's manager is Davy Fitzgerald.

The team last won the Ulster SHC in 2017, but has never won the All-Ireland Senior Championship or the National League.

The team is nicknamed the Saffrons, the Saffron men or the Glensmen.