hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.

Celtic studies
Celtic studies or Celtology is the academic discipline occupied with the study of any sort of cultural output relating to the Celtic-speaking peoples (i.e. speakers of Celtic languages). This ranges from linguistics, literature and art history, archaeology and history, the focus lying on the study of the various Celtic languages, living and extinct. The primary areas of focus are the six Celtic languages currently in use: Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Welsh, Cornish, and Breton.

As a university subject, it is taught at a number of universities, most of them in Ireland, the United Kingdom, or France, but also in the United States, Canada, Australia, Germany, Poland, Austria and the Netherlands.
Ill Niño
Ill Niño (Spanglish wordplay meaning "ill child"; stylized as ill niño) is a Latin American nu metal band formed in Union City, New Jersey, in 1998 by drummer Dave Chavarri, who remains the band's sole original member. They have released seven studio albums, two EPs, and one compilation album, with total worldwide album sales exceeding 1.3 million.

Ahrue Luster
Ahrue Ilustre (born September 17, 1968), commonly known as Ahrue Luster, is an American guitarist. He is a current guitarist of heavy metal band Lions at the Gate and was the lead guitarist for the Ill Niño. He is also a former guitarist for Machine Head, as well as Manmade God and a Bay Area thrash metal act called The Horde of Torment, who were originally called "Pestilence" but had to change their name because another Pestilence had signed to Roadrunner Records.

In 2015, Luster joined the horror metal band Terror Universal founded by Ill Niño drummer Dave Chavarri. He produced Motograter's second studio album, Desolation, which was released in August 2017. In September 2019, Nonpoint announced Luster would be their touring lead guitarist for their upcoming tour.
Maresme
Maresme (Catalan pronunciation: [məˈɾɛzmə]) is a comarca (county) in the Barcelona region in Catalonia, located along the Mediterranean coast, between the comarques of Barcelonès (at the Southwest) and Selva (at the Northeast), and also bordering with Vallès Oriental (at the west).

Its capital and largest city is Mataró (pop. 119,035 in 2007).

Vallès Occidental
Vallès Occidental (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈʝes oβsiðenˈtal]) is a comarca (county) in the Barcelona region in Catalonia (Spain). It has two capitals, Sabadell and Terrassa. Along with Vallès Oriental, it forms the historical Vallès region.
Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. It is a form of mudrock with a low clay mineral content, which can be distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

Although its permeability and porosity is relatively low, siltstone is sometimes a tight gas reservoir rock, an unconventional reservoir for natural gas that requires hydraulic fracturing for production to be economical.

Siltstone was prized in ancient Egypt for manufacturing statuary and cosmetic palettes. The siltstone quarried at Wadi Hammamat was a hard, fine-grained siltstone that resisted flaking and was almost ideal for such uses.

Millstone Grit
Millstone Grit is any of a number of coarse-grained sandstones of Carboniferous age which occur in the British Isles. The name derives from its use in earlier times as a source of millstones for use principally in watermills. Geologists refer to the whole suite of rocks that encompass the individual limestone beds and the intervening mudstones as the Millstone Grit Group. The term Millstone Grit Series was formerly used to refer to the rocks now included within the Millstone Grit Group together with the underlying Edale Shale Group.

The term gritstone describes any sandstone composed of coarse angular grains, and specifically refers to such sandstones within the Pennines and neighbouring areas of Northern England.
Brevicoryne brassicae
Brevicoryne brassicae, commonly known as the cabbage aphid or cabbage aphis, is a destructive aphid (plant louse) native to Europe that is now found in many other areas of the world. The aphids feed on many varieties of produce, including cabbage, broccoli (especially), Brussels sprouts, cauliflower and many other members of the genus Brassica, but do not feed on plants outside of the family Brassicaceae. The insects entirely avoid plants other than those of Brassicaceae; even though thousands may be eating broccoli near strawberries, the strawberries will be left untouched.

Cabbage aphids, from the genus Brevicoryne of the family Aphididae, are grayish-green, but a waxy covering gives them a grayish-white to powdery blue appearance.

Rhopalosiphum maidis
Rhopalosiphum maidis, common names corn leaf aphid and corn aphid, is an insect, and a pest of maize and other crops. It has a nearly worldwide distribution and is typically found in agricultural fields, grasslands, and forest-grassland zones. Among aphids that feed on maize, it is the most commonly encountered and most economically damaging, particularly in tropical and warmer temperate areas. In addition to maize, R. maidis damages rice, sorghum, and other cultivated and wild monocots.
2002–03 Israeli Women's Cup
The 2002–03 Israeli Women's Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה נשים, Gvia HaMedina Nashim) was the fifth season of Israel's women's nationwide football cup competition.

The competition was won by Maccabi Holon who had beaten Maccabi Haifa 3–2 after extra time in the final.

2008–09 Israeli Women's Cup
The 2008–09 Israeli Women's Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה נשים, Gvia HaMedina Nashim) was the 11th season of Israel's women's nationwide football cup competition.

The competition was won, for the 7th consecutive time, by Maccabi Holon who had beaten ASA Tel Aviv University 4–2 in the final.
Lewis Morris
Lewis Morris (April 8, 1726 – January 22, 1798) was an American Founding Father, landowner, and developer from Morrisania, New York, presently part of Bronx County. He signed the U.S. Declaration of Independence as a delegate to the Continental Congress from New York.

Birth name
The birth name is the name of the person given upon their birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name or to the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a births register or birth certificate may by that fact alone become the person's legal name.
Gilan province
Gilan Province (Persian: استان گیلان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, in the northwest of the country and southwest of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Rasht. The province lies along the Caspian Sea, in Iran's Region 3, west of the province of Mazandaran, east of the province of Ardabil, and north of the provinces of Zanjan and Qazvin. It borders Azerbaijan (Astara District) in the north.

The northern section of the province is part of the territory of South (Iranian) Talysh. At the center of the province is Rasht. Other cities include Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh, Astara, Fuman, Hashtpar, Lahijan, Langarud, Masuleh, Manjil, Rudbar, Rudsar, Shaft, Siahkal, and Sowme'eh Sara. The main port is Bandar-e Anzali, formerly known as Bandar-e Pahlavi.

Markazi province
Markazi province (Persian: استان مرکزی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Arak. The present borders of the province date to 1977, when the province was split into the current Markazi and Tehran provinces, with portions being annexed by Isfahan, Semnan, and Zanjan Provinces. In 2014, the province was placed in Region 4.
Aveiro, Portugal
Aveiro (pronounced [aˈvɐjɾu] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. In 2021, the population was 80,880, in an area of 197.58 square kilometres (76.29 mi2): it is the second most populous city in the Centro Region of Portugal (after Coimbra).

Along with the neighbouring city of Ílhavo, Aveiro is part of an urban agglomeration that includes 120,000 inhabitants, making it one of the most important populated regions by density in the North Region, and primary centre of the Intermunicipal Community of Aveiro and Baixo Vouga. Administratively, the president of the municipal government is José Ribau Esteves, elected by coalition between the Social Democratic Party and the Democratic Social Centre, who governs the ten civil parishes (Portuguese: freguesias).

Vila Nova de Gaia
Vila Nova de Gaia (European Portuguese: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ ˈɣajɐ] ⓘ), or simply Gaia, is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River.  The city proper had a population of 178,255 in 2001. The municipality has an area of 168.46 square kilometres (65.04 mi2) and a population of 303,824 inhabitants in 2021, making it the most populous municipality in Norte Region, and the third most populous in the country, after Lisbon and Sintra. Gaia along with Porto and 16 other municipalities make up the Porto metropolitan area.

The city contains many cellars (locally known as "caves") where port wine is stored and aged. These cellars have become a major tourist attraction.
Butetown
Butetown (or The Docks, Welsh: Tre-biwt) is a district and community in the south of the city of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. It was originally a model housing estate built in the early 19th century by the 2nd Marquess of Bute, for whose title the area was named.

Commonly known as "Tiger Bay", this area became one of the UK's first multicultural communities with people from over 50 countries settled here by the outbreak of the First World War, working in the docks and allied industries. Some of the largest communities included the Somalis, Yemenis and Greeks, whose influence still lives on today. A Greek Orthodox church still stands at the top of Bute Street.

It is known as one of the "five towns of Cardiff", the others being Crockherbtown, Grangetown, Newtown and Temperance Town.

The population of the ward and community taken at the 2011 census was 10,125. It is estimated that the Butetown's population increased to 14,094 by 2019.

Riverside, Cardiff
Riverside (Welsh: Glan yr Afon) is an inner-city area and community of Cardiff, Wales, next to the River Taff. Riverside is also the name of the electoral ward, which includes the district of Pontcanna, to the north. The population of the community in 2011 was 13,771. Pontcanna was removed from the community in 2016.
Concept album
A concept album is a musical album whose tracks hold a larger purpose or meaning collectively than they do individually. This is typically achieved through a single central narrative or theme, which can be instrumental, compositional, or lyrical. Alternatively, the term may signify an album that lacks any explicit musical or lyrical motif, but is considered to be of "uniform excellence". Music critics remain divided on the precise definition of a concept album.

The format originates with folk singer Woody Guthrie's Dust Bowl Ballads (1940) and was subsequently popularized by traditional pop singer Frank Sinatra's 1940s–50s string of albums, though the term is most closely associated with rock music. In the 1960s, various rock bands released several well-regarded concept albums, eventually leading to the birth of the rock opera.

Consequences (Godley & Creme album)
Consequences is the debut album by the English pop artists Godley & Creme.  It was released in 1977 as a boxed triple-LP.

Created as a concept album, it incorporates a play, with all characters voiced by comedian Peter Cook, and singing by Sarah Vaughan, who was brought into the project by Phonogram after trying to secure Ella Fitzgerald.

The album was released in two abbreviated, single-album versions: an eight-track album, Musical Excerpts from Consequences (1977) and a 10-track album, Music from Consequences (1979). A single was also released, "Five O'clock in the Morning" / "The Flood".

The concept of the album was described at the time as "the story of man's last defence against an irate nature".
Reconnaissance
In military operations, military reconnaissance (/rɪˈkɒnɪsəns/) or scouting is the exploration of an area by military forces to obtain information about enemy forces, the terrain, and civil activities in the area of operations. In military jargon, reconnaissance is abbreviated to recce (in British, Canadian, Australian English) and to recon (in American English), both derived from the root word reconnoitre / reconnoitering.

The types of reconnaissance include patrolling the local area of operations and long-range reconnaissance patrols, which are tasks usually realized in the United States of America by U.S. Army Rangers, cavalry scouts, and military intelligence specialists, using navy ships and submarines, reconnaissance aircraft, satellites to collect raw intelligence; and establishing observation posts. Moreover, espionage is different from reconnaissance, because spies work as civilians in enemy territory.

Sharpshooter
A sharpshooter is one who is highly proficient at firing firearms or other projectile weapons accurately. Military units composed of sharpshooters were important factors in 19th-century combat. Along with "marksman" and "expert", "sharpshooter" is one of the three marksmanship badges awarded by the United States Army and the United States Marine Corps.  The United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard use a ribbon with an attached "S" device to note a sharpshooter qualification.
Chrestomathy
A chrestomathy (/krɛˈstɒməθi/ kreh-STOM-ə-thee; from the Ancient Greek χρηστομάθεια khrēstomátheia 'desire of learning', from χρηστός khrēstós 'useful' + μανθάνω manthánō 'learn') is a collection of selected literary passages (usually from a single author); a selection of literary passages from a foreign language assembled for studying the language; or a text in various languages, used especially as an aid in learning a subject.

In philology or in the study of literature, it is a type of reader that presents a sequence of example texts, selected to demonstrate the development of language or literary style. It is different from an anthology because of its didactic purpose.

Eutychius Proclus
Eutychius Proclus (Ancient Greek: Εὐτύχιος Πρόκλος, Eutychios Proklos, or Tuticius Proculus in some sources) was a grammarian who flourished in the 2nd century AD. He served as one of two Latin tutors for the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, along with Trosius Aper. He was from the North African city of Sicca Veneria (modern El Kef in Tunisia).

It is possibly this Proclus who is mentioned by Trebellius Pollio as the most learned grammarian of his age.

For his work with the emperor, Proculus was later given senatorial rank, and a consulship, though it is not clear what year he served as consul. He also required financial support from Marcus in order to carry the financial burdens of a senatorial career, so from here we may assume he was not born into a wealthy or aristocratic family.
Stal Mielec
FKS Stal Mielec, commonly known as Stal Mielec (Polish pronunciation: [ˈstal ˈmjɛlɛt͡s]), is a Polish professional football club based in Mielec. The team competes in the I liga, the second level of the Polish football league system.

The club was established on 10 April 1939. Historically, the club has enjoyed great success within Poland's top division, winning the title in 1973 and 1976, but had undergone significant management changes and financial difficulties within the past two decades, which prevented the club from participation in the Poland's top league. After finishing first in the I liga in 2020, Stal Mielec was promoted to the Ekstraklasa for the first time since the 1995–96 season, where it remained until 2025.

II liga
II liga (Druga liga, Polish pronunciation: [ˈdruɡa ˈliɡa], lit. 'Second League'), currently named Betclic II liga due to its sponsorship by Betclic,  is a Polish football league that sits at the third tier of the Polish football league system. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, II Liga referred to a league at the 2nd tier, although this changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top level league in Poland. Currently, II liga is below I liga and above III liga.

Since the 2014–15 season, the league consists of a single division, unlike previous seasons when it was divided into two groups,  West and East. The league consists of 18 teams.

The top two finishers are rewarded with automatic promotion to the I liga, while the teams ranked third to sixth face each other in promotion play-offs. Teams who finish 13th and 14th compete in the promotion/relegation play-offs against III liga group winners, and the last four teams are automatically relegated to the fourth division.
Koji Iwamoto
Koji Iwamoto (岩本 煌史, Iwamoto Kōji; born March 20, 1990) is a Japanese professional wrestler best known for his time in All Japan Pro Wrestling. Iwamoto has previously competed for DDT Pro-Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Heat Up. He is a former four time AJPW World Junior Heavyweight Champion, as well as a two time All Asia Tag Team Champion.

Naoya Nomura
Naoya Nomura (born October 26, 1993) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to All Japan Pro Wrestling, where he is former All Asia Tag Team and World Tag Team Champion. He also has a background in rugby.
Esquire (magazine)
Esquire is an American men's magazine. Currently published in the United States by Hearst, it also has more than 20 international editions.

Founded in 1933, it flourished during the Great Depression and World War II under the guidance of founders Arnold Gingrich, David A. Smart, and Henry L. Jackson while during the 1960s it pioneered the New Journalism movement. After a period of quick and drastic decline during the 1990s, the magazine revamped itself as a lifestyle-heavy publication under the direction of David Granger.

Los Angeles (magazine)
Los Angeles, formerly known as Southern California Prompter, is a monthly magazine based in Los Angeles, California. It focuses on telling regional news, culture, lifestyle, entertainment, and fashion stories from Los Angeles and the broader Southern California area.
Greek Canadians
Greek Canadians (Greek: Ελληνοκαναδοί) are Canadian citizens who have full or partial Greek heritage or people who emigrated from Greece and reside in Canada. According to the 2021 Census, there were 262,140 Canadians who claimed Greek ancestry.

Greeks in the United Kingdom
Greeks in the United Kingdom (Greek: Έλληνες στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο, romanized: Éllines sto Inoméno Vasíleio) are British residents and citizens of full or partial Greek heritage, or Greeks who emigrated to and reside in the United Kingdom.
2004 Brazilian Grand Prix
The 2004 Brazilian Grand Prix (officially the Formula 1 Grande Prêmio do Brasil 2004) was a Formula One motor race held on 24 October 2004 at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace. It was Race 18 of 18 in the 2004 FIA Formula One World Championship. It marked the first time that a GP in Brazil was held at the end of the F1 season. Juan Pablo Montoya won the race after starting from second on the grid, Kimi Räikkönen finished second after starting third and Rubens Barrichello finished third, his only podium finish at his home event.

2004 Canadian Grand Prix
The 2004 Canadian Grand Prix (officially the Formula 1 Grand Prix du Canada 2004) was a Formula One motor race held on 13 June 2004 at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve. It was Race 8 of 18 in the 2004 FIA Formula One World Championship.

It was won by Michael Schumacher, with teammate Rubens Barrichello second, making for a 1-2 finish for Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro as part of a season where Ferrari took the most wins of the season and the driver's championship.

In the post race inspections, Williams and Toyota were excluded from the race due to illegal brake ducts.

This would be the last time that Scuderia Ferrari won in Canada until 2018 and the last time that more than two cars were disqualified from a race until the 2025 Chinese Grand Prix.
List of Avril Lavigne concert tours
Canadian recording artist Avril Lavigne has completed seven concert tours beginning with the Try to Shut Me Up Tour in 2002–03. This was followed by the 13-month Bonez Tour in 2004–05 and The Best Damn World Tour in 2008. Her Love Sux Tour completed in May 2023. The following is a chronological list of her concert tours.

The Avril Lavigne Tour
The Avril Lavigne Tour was the fifth concert tour by Canadian recording artist Avril Lavigne. The tour was supporting her fifth studio album, Avril Lavigne (2013). Beginning December 2013, the tour played 51 concerts in North America, South America and Asia, ending in August 2014 at the Zepp concert hall in Sapporo, Japan.

In the United States, Lavigne served as opening act for the Backstreet Boys' In a World Like This Tour.
Shinai
A shinai (竹刀) is a Japanese sword typically made of bamboo used for practice and competition in kendō. Shinai are also used in other martial arts, but may be styled differently from kendō shinai, and represented with different characters.  The light, soft wood used in a shinai distinguishes it from other wooden swords such as a bokuto (木刀), usually called a bokken (木剣) outside Japan, which is generally made of heavier, sturdier wood.

Katana
A katana (刀, かたな; lit. 'one-sided blade') is a Japanese sword characterized by a curved, single-edged blade with a circular or squared guard and long grip to accommodate two hands. Developed later than the tachi, it was used by samurai in feudal Japan and worn with the edge facing upward. Since the Muromachi period, many old tachi were cut from the root and shortened, and the blade at the root was crushed and converted into a katana. The specific term for katana in Japan is uchigatana (打刀, うちがたな; lit. 'striking sword') and the term katana (刀) often refers to single-edged swords from around the world.
Kingdom of Kakheti
The Kingdom of Kakheti (Georgian: კახეთის სამეფო, romanized: k'akhetis samepo; also spelled Kaxet'i or Kakhetia) was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centered at the province of Kakheti, with its capital first at Gremi and then at Telavi. It emerged in the process of a tripartite division of the Kingdom of Georgia in 1466 and existed, with several brief intermissions, until 1762 when Kakheti and the neighboring Georgian kingdom of Kartli were merged through a dynastic succession under the Kakhetian branch of the Bagrationi dynasty. Through much of this period, the kingdom was a vassal of the successive dynasties of Iran, and to a much shorter period Ottoman Empire, but enjoyed intermittent periods of greater independence, especially after 1747.

Duchy of Aragvi
The Duchy of Aragvi (Georgian: არაგვის საერისთავო) was an important fiefdom in medieval and early modern Georgia, strategically located in the upper Aragvi valley, in the foothills of the eastern Greater Caucasus crest, and ruled by a succession of eristavi ("dukes") from c. 1380 until being transferred to the royal crown in 1747.