hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.

HMS Ark Royal (R09)
HMS Ark Royal (R09) was an Audacious-class aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy and, when she was decommissioned in 1979, was the Royal Navy's last remaining conventional catapult and arrested-landing aircraft carrier.  She was the first aircraft carrier to be equipped with an angled flight deck at its commissioning; her sister ship, HMS Eagle, was the Royal Navy's first angle-decked aircraft carrier after modification in 1954.  Ark Royal was the only non-United States vessel to operate the McDonnell Douglas Phantom at sea.
Tyagi
Tyagi, originally called Taga, is a cultivator caste who claim Brahmin status. The landholding community is confined to Western Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan, in India. They are often considered the highest of the agricultural castes. During the British Raj, they changed their name from Taga to Tyagi, and began claiming Brahmin status. As of a 1990 report by the Backward Classes Commission, Government of Haryana, they were mostly engaged in farming. The Government of Haryana granted reservation to Tyagis along with five other castes in 2016. However, the Punjab and Haryana High Court shortly put a stay on the government's order.

Bania (caste)
Bania (also spelled Baniya, Banija, Banya, Vaniya, Vani, Vania, and Vanya) is a mercantile caste primarily from the Indian states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, with significant diasporic communities in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Maharashtra (particularly Mumbai) and northern states of India.

Traditionally, the Bania community has been associated with occupations such as trade, banking, and money-lending. In modern times, many members of the community are involved in various business and entrepreneurial ventures.
Yuanyang County, Yunnan
Yuanyang County (simplified Chinese: 元阳县; traditional Chinese: 元陽縣; pinyin: Yuányáng Xiàn; Hani: Yeiqyaq) is located in Honghe Prefecture in southeastern Yunnan province, China, along the Red River. It is well known for its spectacular rice-paddy terracing. In 2013, part of the county formed the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces World Heritage Site, the 45th World Heritage Site in China.

Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County
Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County (Chinese: 元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县; pinyin: Yuánjiāng Hānízú Yízú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn; Hani: Lalsa Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Aqcaoqssaq Ziiqziifxeif) is a county of south-central Yunnan province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is the town of Lijiang (澧江镇), while the county itself is under the administration of Yuxi City. It derives its name from the Red River (Asia), which is known as the Yuan River (元江) in Yunnan, and is an important provincial crossroads for access to Southeast Asia.

Yuanjiang borders Shiping County to the east, Honghe County to the south, Mojiang County to the west and Xinping County to the north.
Telefilm Canada
Telefilm Canada is a Canadian Crown corporation that supports Canada's audiovisual industry. Headquartered in Montreal, Telefilm Canada provides services to the Canadian audiovisual industry with four regional offices in Vancouver, British Columbia; Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; and Halifax, Nova Scotia. The primary mandate of the corporation is to finance and promote Canadian productions through its various funds and programs.

Northern Ontario Heritage Fund
The Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation (NOHFC) is a Crown corporation and development agency of the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines in the Canadian province of Ontario, whose purpose is to provide funding and program support to foster economic development in the economically disadvantaged Northern Ontario region.

The NOHFC concentrates on six key funding programs: job creation, technology research and development, infrastructure and community development, youth entrepreneurship, youth internship and cooperative education, and generation and conservation of renewable energy.
Valley Stream, New York
Valley Stream is a village in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population in the Village of Valley Stream was 40,634 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Valley Stream is within the Town of Hempstead, along the border with Queens, and is served by the Long Island Rail Road at the Valley Stream, Gibson, and Westwood stations.

Woodmere, New York
Woodmere is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 18,669 at the time of the 2020 census.

Woodmere is one of the Long Island communities known as the Five Towns, which is usually said to comprise the villages of Lawrence and Cedarhurst, the hamlets of Woodmere and Inwood, and "The Hewletts", which consist of the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor, Hewlett Neck, and Woodsburgh, along with the unincorporated hamlet of Hewlett.
2013 Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Women's Classic
The 2013 Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Women's Classic was held from October 25 to 28 at the Fort Rouge Curling Club in Winnipeg, Manitoba as part of the 2013–14 World Curling Tour. The event was the second women's Grand Slam of the season. The event was held in a triple knockout format, and the purse for the event was CAD$60,000, of which the winner received CAD$15,000.

In just the second all-Manitoba final in the event's history, the Jennifer Jones rink defeated Jill Thurston's rink, winning their first Grand Slam event since 2011 and their first Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries event since it became a Grand Slam. Thurston made her first career Grand Slam playoffs appearance, as well as her first career Grand Slam final.

2013 Colonial Square Ladies Classic
The 2013 Colonial Square Ladies Classic was held from November 15 to 18 at the Nutana Curling Club in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. It was the fourth of five women's Grand Slam events of the 2013–14 World Curling Tour. The event was held in a triple knockout format with 32 teams and the purse for the event was CAD$50,000.  Winnipeg's Jennifer Jones would win the event, defeating Switzerland's Michèle Jäggi in the final. The win would be Jones' second Grand Slam win of the year.
Trichome
Trichomes (/ˈtraɪkoʊmz, ˈtrɪkoʊmz/; from Ancient Greek  τρίχωμα (tríkhōma) 'hair') are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent.

Phyllary
In botanical terminology, a phyllary, also known an involucral bract or tegule, is a single bract of the involucre of a composite flower. The involucre is the grouping of bracts together. Phyllaries are reduced leaf-like structures that form one or more whorls immediately below a flower head.
Interstate 39
Interstate 39 (I-39) is a north–south Interstate Highway in Illinois and Wisconsin that runs from an interchange at I-55 in Normal, Illinois, to State Trunk Highway 29 (WIS 29) approximately six miles (9.7 km) south of Wausau, Wisconsin. In total, Interstate 39 is 306.14 miles (492.68 km) long. In Illinois, the route has a total length of 140.82 miles (226.63 km); in Wisconsin, I-39 has a length of 182 miles (293 km).

Among the newest Interstate Highways in Illinois, I-39 was completed in 1992. Designed to replace U.S. Route 51 (US 51) with an Interstate-grade freeway, the highway runs concurrently with US 20 in Rockford before joining I-90. From Rockford to Portage, Wisconsin, I-39 and I-90 run concurrently. From Madison to Portage, I-94 joins the two; at 29 miles (47 km), the three-way concurrency is the longest in the country. From Portage northward, US 51 rejoins I-39, and the Interstate uses its mileposts northward.

Wisconsin River
The Wisconsin River is the longest river in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, at approximately 430 miles (692 km) long. As a tributary of the Mississippi River, it is part of the Mississippi River System. The river's name was first recorded in 1673 by Jacques Marquette as "Meskousing" from his Indian guides - most likely Miami for "river running through a red place."

The river has been used for transportation, hunting, and fishing since prehistoric times. In the lumber industry, loggers used the upper reaches of the river and its tributaries to drive logs to their sawmills and the lower reaches to float rafts of sawn boards to markets as near as Portage and as far as St. Louis. Today, it is source of energy and tourism: dams along the river generate hydroelectric power, and people fish, boat, water-ski and sight-see on the river. It is home to many species of fish and other wildlife.
César Award for Best Actress
The César Award for Best Actress (French: César de la meilleure actrice) is one of the César Awards, presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a leading role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie.

César Award for Best Original Music
This is the list of winners and nominees of the César Award for Best Original Music (French: César de la meilleure musique originale). Before 2000, the award was called "César Award for Best Music". With three awards out of eleven nominations, Alexandre Desplat is both the most nominated and most rewarded composer.
Puerto Rico national football team
The Puerto Rico national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Puerto Rico) represents Puerto Rico in men's international football, and are governed by the Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol (English: Puerto Rican Football Federation). The team's nickname is El Huracán Azul meaning The Blue Hurricane. They are members of the Caribbean Football Union, and part of CONCACAF. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup or the CONCACAF Gold Cup.

CONCACAF Nations League
The CONCACAF Nations League (Spanish: Liga de Naciones de la CONCACAF, French: Ligue des Nations de la CONCACAF) is an association football competition organized by CONCACAF as its secondary continental tournament for men's senior national teams from North America, Central America and the Caribbean. The tournament takes place on dates allocated for international friendlies on the FIFA International Match Calendar. A one-time qualifying tournament took place from September 2018 to March 2019, with its inaugural edition in 2019.
True's beaked whale
True's beaked whale (Mesoplodon mirus) is a medium-sized whale in the genus Mesoplodon. It is native to the northern Atlantic Ocean. The common name is in reference to Frederick W. True, a curator at the United States National Museum (now the Smithsonian).

Clymene dolphin
The Clymene dolphin (Stenella clymene), in older texts known as the short-snouted spinner dolphin, is a dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only confirmed case of hybrid speciation in marine mammals, descending from the spinner dolphin and the striped dolphin.
Battle of Saule
The Battle of Saule (Lithuanian: Saulės mūšis / Šiaulių mūšis; German: Schlacht von Schaulen; Latvian: Saules kauja) was fought on 22 September 1236, between the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and pagan troops of Samogitians and Semigallians. Between 48 and 60 knights were killed, including the Livonian Master, Volkwin. It was the earliest large-scale defeat suffered by the orders in Baltic lands. The Sword-Brothers, the first Catholic military order established in the Baltic lands, was soundly defeated, and its remnants accepted incorporation into the Teutonic Order in 1237. The battle inspired rebellions among the Curonians, Semigallians, Selonians, and Oeselians, tribes previously conquered by the Sword-Brothers. Some thirty years' worth of conquests on the left bank of Daugava were reversed. To commemorate the battle, in 2000, the Lithuanian and Latvian parliaments declared 22 September to be the Baltic Unity Day.

Hermann Balk
Hermann Balk (died March 5, 1239, Würzburg), also known as Hermann von Balk or Hermann Balke, was a Knight-Brother of the Teutonic Order and its first Landmeister, or Provincial Master, in both Prussia and Livonia. From 1219 to 1227, he served as the Deutschmeister in the Order's Province of Alemannia. Balk led the crusaders during the Prussian Crusade and became Master of Prussia in 1230. From 1237 to 1238, he also served in the additional role as Master of Livonia.
Sri Lanka Freedom Party
The Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP; Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් පක්ෂය, romanised: Śrī Laṁkā Nidahas Pakṣaya; Tamil: இலங்கை சுதந்திரக் கட்சி, romanised: Ilaṅkai Cutantirak Kaṭci) is a centre-left political party in Sri Lanka. Founded by S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike in 1951, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties from the 1950s to the 2010s, serving as the main rival of the centre-right United National Party. Following a split in the late 2010s and subsequent electoral losses, the influence of the party has since diminished.

The party is generally considered as having a democratic socialist or progressive economic agenda and is often associated with Sinhalese nationalist parties. The party follows a non-aligned foreign policy but has historically had close ties to socialist nations.

Ministry of Agriculture (Sri Lanka)
The Ministry of Agriculture (Sinhala: කෘෂිකර්ම අමාත්‍යාංශය; Tamil: கமத்தொழில் அமைச்சு) is the central government ministry of Sri Lanka responsible for agriculture. The ministry is responsible for formulating and implementing national policy on home affairs and other subjects which come under its purview. The current Minister of Agriculture is President K. D. Lalkantha. The ministry's secretary is D. P. Wickremasinghe.
Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Spotted towhee
The spotted towhee (Pipilo maculatus) is a large New World sparrow. The taxonomy of the towhees has been debated in recent decades, and until 1995 this bird and the eastern towhee were considered a single species, then named rufous-sided towhee. Another outdated name for the spotted towhee is the Oregon towhee (particularly for the subspecies Pipilo maculatus oregonus). The call may be harsher and more varied than for the eastern towhee.

Yellow warbler
The yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia) is a New World warbler species. Yellow warblers are the most widespread species in the diverse genus Setophaga, breeding in almost the whole of North America, the Caribbean, as well as northern South America.
Knife Party
Knife Party are an Australian electronic music duo consisting of Rob Swire and Gareth McGrillen, two members of the drum and bass band Pendulum.

The duo has worked with artists such as Swedish House Mafia, Steve Aoki, MistaJam, Foreign Beggars, I See MONSTAS, Tom Staar, Pegboard Nerds and Tom Morello.

Knife Party peaked at 23rd on DJMag's 2013 Top 100 DJs rankings.

Dillon Francis
Dillon Hart Francis (born October 5, 1987), also known as DJ Hanzel, is an American electronic music producer and DJ. He played a key role in popularizing moombahton and later developed its heavier variants, moombahcore and EDM trap.
TJ Maxx
TJ Maxx (stylized as T•J•maxx) is an American discount department store chain. It has more than 1,000 stores in the United States, making it one of the largest clothing retailers in the country. TJ Maxx is the flagship chain of TJX. It sells men's, women's and children's apparel and shoes, toys, bath and beauty products, accessories, jewelry, and home products ranging from furniture and decor to housewares and kitchen utensils.

TJ Maxx and Marshalls operate as sister stores, and share a similar footprint throughout the country. Their product prices and inventories are usually identical and they have similar store layouts. In some locations, a Marshalls may be more upscale than a nearby TJ Maxx, carrying their Runway inventory where the TJ Maxx does not, while in other cities, the inverse may be true. However, across their chain, they are, for all practical purposes, the same store.

The CEO of TJX is Ernie Herrman.

JoAnn Fabrics
Jo-Ann Stores, LLC, (stylized JOANN) was an American specialty retail chain that specialized in fabrics and arts and crafts supplies. The chain was based in Hudson, Ohio, and had operated over 800 stores across 49 U.S. states until the beginning of 2025. By the end of February 2025, the company began the process of liquidating all of its stores after failing to obtain a buyer. 255 stores were shuttered by the end of April while the remaining 535 locations permanently closed by May 30, 2025, a day ahead of the planned closing schedule.

It was revealed on June 5 that arts and crafts retailer Michaels had acquired Joann’s intellectual property and private labels, but none of its physical stores. Michaels itself has plans to expand its selection of products by introducing Joann's private labels to physical stores and online within the coming months. An increase in fabric searches on Michaels's website prompted the company to move forward with this decision.
K. R. Vijaya
Deivanayaki, better known by her stage name K. R. Vijaya, is an Indian actress who has featured in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada films. She started her career in 1963 and has been acting for more than six decades in South Indian cinema. The actress has worked with almost all the stalwarts of South Indian cinema and has played many key roles.

T. S. Balaiah
Thirunelveli Subramaniyan Balaiah (21 August 1912 – 22 July 1972) was an Indian actor. He is best known for playing supporting roles in Tamil films. Born in Sundankottai, near Sathankulam in Thoothukudi, Balaiah was introduced to the cine field by director Ellis R. Dungan in Sathi Leelavathi (1936), along with M. G. Ramachandran, N. S. Krishnan and M. K. Radha. He was one of the very few actors who excelled as a villain, as well as in character roles and comic roles.
Johanan bar Nappaha
See Johanan (name) for more rabbis by this name.

Johanan bar Nappaha (Hebrew: יוחנן בר נפחא Yoḥanan bar Nafḥa or Napaḥa), also known simply as Rabbi Yochanan or Johanan bar Nafcha (180–279 CE), was a leading rabbi and second-generation Amora during the Talmudic era.

Johanan's opinions are quoted widely across the Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmuds. The compilation of the Jerusalem Talmud is generally ascribed to him.

Zeira
Rabbi Zeira (Hebrew: רבי זירא), known before his semikhah as Rav Zeira (Hebrew: רב זירא) and known in the Jerusalem Talmud as Rabbi Ze'era (Hebrew: רבי זעירא), was a Jewish Talmudist of the third generation of Amoraim who lived in the Land of Israel.
Checkers (supermarket chain)
Checkers is a South African supermarket retailer owned by sister retailer and discount chain Shoprite. Founded in 1956 by Norman Hertz Herber, the chain operates across Southern Africa.

In 2025, Checkers had 661 stores across South Africa, Botswana, and Namibia. The chain focuses on offering groceries to middle and high income consumers through its Checkers and FreshX store formats respectively.

Ackermans
Ackermans is a South African chain of clothing retail stores. Founded in 1916 in Wynberg, Cape Town, Ackermans has over 700 stores across Southern Africa, including in Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho and Eswatini, and is headquartered in Kuilsrivier near Cape Town.

In 2015 Ackermans was rated the second best clothing store by the South African Consumer Satisfaction Index.
The Illustrated London News
The Illustrated London News, founded by Herbert Ingram and first published on Saturday 14 May 1842, was the world's first illustrated weekly news magazine. The magazine was published weekly for most of its existence, switched to a less frequent publication schedule in 1971, and eventually ceased publication in 2003. The company continues today as Illustrated London News Ltd, a publishing, content, and digital agency in London, which holds the publication and business archives of the magazine.

Bystander (magazine)
The Bystander was a British weekly tabloid magazine including reviews, topical drawings, cartoons and short stories. Published from Fleet Street, it was started in 1903 by George Holt Thomas.  Its first editor, William Comyns Beaumont, later edited the magazine again from 1928 to 1932.

It was popular during World War I for its publication of the "Old Bill" cartoons by Bruce Bairnsfather. The magazine also employed artists including H. M. Bateman, W. Heath Robinson, Howard Elcock, Helen McKie, Arthur Watts, Will Owen, Edmund Blampied and L. R. Brightwell.

It published some of the earliest stories of Daphne du Maurier (Beaumont's niece), as well as short stories by Saki, including "Filboid Studge, the Story of a Mouse that Helped".

The magazine ran until 1940, when it merged with The Tatler (titled Tatler & Bystander until 1968).