hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hardcourt
A hardcourt (or hard court) is a type of surface or floor on which a sport is played, most usually in reference to tennis courts. It is typically made of rigid materials such as asphalt or concrete, and covered with acrylic resins to seal the surface and mark the playing lines, while providing some cushioning. Historically, hardwood surfaces were also in use in indoor settings, similar to an indoor basketball court, but these surfaces are rare now.

Adelaide International (tennis)
The Adelaide International is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Adelaide, South Australia, at the Memorial Drive Tennis Centre. The tournament is held in January or February, and forms part of the WTA and ATP tours. The event is part of the lead-up to the first Grand Slam tournament of the season, the Australian Open.
Palatinate Forest
The Palatinate Forest (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfälzerwald [ˈpfɛltsɐvalt] ⓘ), sometimes also called the Palatine Forest, is a low-mountain region in southwestern Germany, located in the Palatinate in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The forest is a designated nature park (German: Naturpark Pfälzerwald) covering 1,771 km2 and its highest elevation is the Kalmit (672.6 m).

Together with the northern part of the adjacent Vosges Mountains in France it forms the UNESCO-designated Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve.

Palatinate (wine region)
Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ) is a German wine-growing region (Weinbaugebiet) in the area of Bad Dürkheim, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, and Landau in Rhineland-Palatinate. Before 1993, it was known as Rhine Palatinate (Rheinpfalz). With 23,698 hectares (58,560 acres) under cultivation in 2022, the region is the second largest wine region in Germany after Rheinhessen. There are about 6,800 vintners producing around 2.3 million hectolitres of wine annually.
Milsons Point ferry wharf
Milsons Point ferry wharf is located on the northern side of Sydney Harbour serving the North Sydney Council suburb of Milsons Point. It is next to Luna Park and the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It is served by Sydney Ferries Parramatta River and Pyrmont Bay services operated by First Fleet, Emerald, River, RiverCat and Parramatta River class ferries.

McMahons Point ferry wharf
McMahons Point ferry wharf is located on the northern side of Sydney Harbour serving the North Sydney Council suburb of McMahons Point. It is served by Sydney Ferries Parramatta River and Pyrmont Bay services operated by First Fleet and RiverCat class ferries.
Spain national under-17 football team
The Spain national under-17 football team represents Spain in international football at this age level and is controlled by Royal Spanish Football Federation, the governing body for football in Spain.

Considered one of the strongest national teams in under 17 level, Spain has participated in 9 out of 14 World Cup tournaments. Spain hold the record of playing the most finals without ever winning the tournament, having finished as runners-up on four occasions.

Denmark national under-17 football team
The Denmark national under-17 football team represents Denmark in international football at this age level and is controlled by the Danish Football Association, the governing body for football in Denmark. It was founded in 1964 as an under-16 team. In 2001, it was changed to an under-17 team.
Denman Island
Denman Island, (also known by Sla-dai-aich or Taystayic, in the Comox language), is one of the Northern Gulf Islands and part of the Comox Valley Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member of the Islands Trust group of islands and is home to a small community of 1391 year-round residents.

Fanny Bay
Fanny Bay is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is located on Baynes Sound on the east coast of Vancouver Island. It has a population of 921. It is best known for its fine oysters. The area is served by the Island Highway.
Torres Strait Islanders
Torres Strait Islanders (/ˈtɒrɪs/ TORR-iss) are the Indigenous Melanesian peoples of the Torres Strait Islands, which are part of the state of Queensland, Australia. Ethnically distinct from the Aboriginal peoples of the rest of Australia, they are often grouped with them as Indigenous Australians. Today, many more Torres Strait Islander people live in mainland Australia than on the islands.

Five distinct peoples exist within the broader designation of Torres Strait Islander people, based partly on geographical and cultural divisions. Kalaw Lagaw Ya and Meriam Mir comprise the two main Indigenous language groups; Yumplatok is also widely spoken as a language of trade and commerce. The core of Island culture is Papuan, and the people are traditionally a seafaring nation. Torres Strait Islanders exhibit a strong artistic culture, particularly in sculpture, printmaking, and mask-making.

Kalaw Lagaw Ya
Kalau Lagau Ya, Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Kala Lagaw Ya ([kala(u) laɡau ja]), or the Western Torres Strait language (also several other names, see below) is the language indigenous to the central and western Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia. On some islands, it has now largely been replaced by Torres Strait Creole.

Before colonization in the 1870s–1880s, the language was the major lingua franca of the Torres Strait cultural area of Northern Cape York Australia, Torres Strait and along the coast of the Western Province/Papua New Guinea. It is still fairly widely spoken by neighbouring Papuans and by some Aboriginal Australians. How many non-first language speakers it has is unknown. It also has a 'light' (simplified/foreigner) form, as well as a pidginised form. The simplified form is fairly prevalent on Badu and neighbouring Moa.
Alexander Morozevich
Alexander Sergeyevich Morozevich (Russian: Александр Серге́евич Морозе́вич, romanized: Aleksandr Sergéevich Morozévich; born July 18, 1977) is a Russian chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 1994. Morozevich is a two-time World Championship candidate (2005, 2007), two-time Russian champion and has represented Russia in seven Chess Olympiads, winning numerous team and board medals.

He has won both the Melody Amber (alone 2002, shared 2004, 2006, 2008) and Biel (2003, 2004, 2006) tournaments several times.

Morozevich is known for his aggressive and unusual playing style. His peak ranking was second in the world in July 2008.

Shakhriyar Mamedyarov
Shahriyar Hamid oglu Mammadyarov (Azerbaijani: Şəhriyar Həmid oğlu Məmmədyarov; born 12 April 1985), known internationally as Shakhriyar Mamedyarov, is an Azerbaijani chess grandmaster. As of July 2025, he is Azerbaijan's highest rated chess player. His personal best  rating of 2820 makes him the sixth-highest-rated player in chess history.

Mamedyarov has competed in the Candidates Tournament in 2011 (eliminated in quarterfinals), in 2014 (placing fourth) and in 2018 (placing second). He is a two-time World Junior Champion (2003 and 2005) and was World Rapid Champion in 2013.

A gold medalist at the 2012 Chess Olympiad on the third board, he is a three-time European Team Champion (2009, 2013, 2017) with Azerbaijan. He is also a two-time winner at Tal Memorial (2010 joint and 2014 Blitz) and Shamkir Chess (2016 and 2017), as well as the winner of 2018 Biel Chess Festival where he beat reigning World Champion Magnus Carlsen.
Battle of Le Cateau
The Battle of Le Cateau was fought on the Western Front during the First World War on 26 August 1914. The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and the French Fifth Army had retreated after their defeats at the Battle of Charleroi (21–23 August) and the Battle of Mons (23 August). The British II Corps fought a delaying action at Le Cateau to slow the German pursuit. Most of the BEF was able to continue its retreat to Saint-Quentin.

Battle of Épehy
The Battle of Épehy was fought during the First World War on 18 September 1918, involving the British Fourth Army under the command of General Henry Rawlinson against German outpost positions in front of the Hindenburg Line. The village of Épehy was captured on 18 September by the 12th (Eastern) Division.
American Society of Landscape Architects
The American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) is a professional association for landscape architects in the United States. The ASLA's mission is to advance landscape architecture through advocacy, communication, education, and fellowship.

Canadian Society of Landscape Architects
The Canadian Society of Landscape Architects (French: Association des architectes paysagistes du Canada; CSLA-AAPC) is the national organization representing 1600 landscape architects in Canada's ten provinces and three territories. The organization was founded in 1934. Its mission is to "advance the art, science and business of landscape architecture."

One of the founding members was Lorrie Dunington-Grubb, co-founder with her husband Howard of the Sheridan Nurseries. In 1944 she became president of the society.
Canton, Mississippi
Canton is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Mississippi, United States, and is situated in the northern part of the metropolitan area surrounding the state capital, Jackson. The population of Canton was 10,948 at the 2020 census, down from 13,189 in 2010.

The city is adjacent to a large auto manufacturing facility owned by Nissan.

Brookhaven, Mississippi
Brookhaven is a city in Lincoln County, Mississippi, United States, 55 miles (89 km) south of the state capital of Jackson. The population was 11,674 people at the 2020 U.S. census. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. It was named after the town of Brookhaven, New York, by founder Samuel Jayne in 1818.
Hans Jacobson
Hans Jacobson (March 17, 1947 – July 9, 1984) was a Swedish modern pentathlete, fencer and Olympic Champion. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where he won a gold medal in épée with the Swedish team. He originally won a bronze medal in the modern pentathlon team competition at the 1968 Summer Olympics along with Björn Ferm and Hans-Gunnar Liljenvall. However, he was stripped of the medal after Liljenvall failed a drug test (for alcohol).

Jacobson represented K1 IF and Djurgårdens IF. For Djurgårdens IF, he became the 1974 Swedish champion in individual épée and eight-time champion in team épée.

Leif Högström
Leif Nils Oskar Högström (born 4 July 1955) is a Swedish fencer and Olympic Champion. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where he won a gold medal in épée with the Swedish team.

Högström represented Djurgårdens IF.
Oscan language
Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy. The language is in the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic branch of the Italic languages. Oscan is therefore a close relative of Umbrian and South Picene.

Oscan was spoken by a number of tribes, including the Samnites, the Lucani, the Aurunci (Ausones), and the Sidicini. The latter two tribes were often grouped under the name "Osci". The Oscan group is part of the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic family, and includes the Oscan language and three variants (Hernican, Marrucinian and Paelignian) known only from inscriptions left by the Hernici, Marrucini and Paeligni, minor tribes of eastern central Italy. Adapted from the Etruscan alphabet, the Central Oscan alphabet was used to write Oscan in Campania and surrounding territories from the 5th century BCE until at least the 1st century CE.

Proto-Italic language
The Proto-Italic language is the ancestor of the Italic languages, most notably Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages. It is not directly attested in writing, but has been reconstructed to some degree through the comparative method. Proto-Italic descended from the earlier Proto-Indo-European language.
Zapata County, Texas
Zapata County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 13,889. Its county seat is Zapata. The county is east of the Mexico–United States border and is named for Colonel José Antonio de Zapata, a rancher in the area who rebelled against Mexico.

Zapata County comprises the Zapata, TX micropolitan statistical area.

The South Texas oil boom included wells drilled in Zapata County in the early 1920s through the work of Laredo industrialist Oliver Winfield Killam, a Missouri native who once served as an Oklahoma state legislator.

Duval County, Texas
Duval County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,831. Its county seat is San Diego. The county was founded in 1858 and later organized in 1876. It is named for Burr H. Duval, a soldier in the Texas Revolution who died in the Goliad Massacre.
Popalzai
Popalzai or Popalzay (Pashto: پوپلزی), also known as Popal, are Durrani (formerly called Abdali or Bor Tareen) Pashtuns of Afghanistan. The Popalzai are part of the Zirak confederation of Pashtun tribes. The origin of the Abdali forefathers of the Saddozai tribe is probably the Hephthalites. The forefathers of Ahmad Shāh Durrānī, the founder of the Durrani Empire, were from the Sadozai tribe which is a subtribe of the Popalzai. According to Mohan Lal, the Zirak line begins with Sulaiman Zirak Khan, who was the father of Popalzai, Barakzai, and Alakozai. The tribe's origin is Kandahar, Afghanistan.
The majority of the Popalzai live in the southern areas of Afghanistan such as in Kandahar, Helmand or Uruzgan. Some members of the Popalzai tribe have migrated with their families to the European Union, North America, and Oceania. Notable members of the Popalzai tribe include Hamid Karzai and his extended family, Karim Popal, Naim Popal, and Khalida Popal.

Achakzai
The Achakzai (Pashto: اڅکزی; Urdu: اچکزئی) are a Durrani Pashtun tribe that resides on both sides of the Durand Line, centered on Killa Abdullah District in Pakistan with some clans as far away as Afghanistan's Kandahar Province as well as Firuzkuh in Iran.
Mechanicville, New York
Mechanicville is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 5,163 at the 2020 census, a small decrease from 5,196 in 2010. It is the smallest city by area in the state. The name is derived from the occupations of early residents.

The city is located on the eastern border of Saratoga County and is north of Albany, the state capital. Mechanicville borders the towns of Stillwater (of which it was once a part) and Halfmoon in the county, and the town of Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County.

Glens Falls, New York
Glens Falls is a city in Warren County, New York, United States and is the central city of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 14,830 at the 2020 census. The name was given by Colonel Johannes Glen, the falls referring to a large waterfall in the Hudson River at the southern end of the city.

Glens Falls is a city in the southeastern corner of Warren County, surrounded by the town of Queensbury to the north, east, and west, and by the Hudson River and Saratoga County to the south. Glens Falls is known as "Hometown U.S.A.", a title Look magazine gave it in 1944. The city has also referred to itself as the "Empire City."
William Stearns House
The William Stearns House is a historic residence in the city of Wyoming, Ohio, United States,  near Cincinnati.  Built at the turn of the twentieth century, it was the home of a business baron, and it has been designated a historic site.

Wyoming Presbyterian Church
Wyoming Presbyterian Church is a registered historic building in Wyoming, Ohio, listed in the National Register on March 3, 1980.

The church building was completed May 18, 1890, replacing a wood frame church originally constructed in 1870. The most recent addition to the building occurred in 2003 and is visible from the Burns Ave side of the building.

The church property itself is home to several very old and unique trees.
Carlisle Castle
Carlisle Castle is a stone keep medieval fortress located in the city of Carlisle near the ruins of Hadrian's Wall. First built during the reign of William II in 1092 and rebuilt in stone under Henry I in 1122, the castle is over 930 years old and has been the scene of many episodes in British history.

This Castle played an extremely important part in the wars between England and Scotland (the Wars of Scottish Independence). It has been the centre of many wars and invasions. During the Jacobite Rising of 1745–1746, Carlisle became the last English fortress to undergo a siege. The castle was listed as a Scheduled Ancient Monument on 7 August 1996.

Today the property is managed by English Heritage and is open to the public. Until 2006, the castle was the administrative headquarters of the former King's Own Royal Border Regiment and until 2019 it was the county headquarters to the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment. A museum to the regiment is within the castle walls.

Francis Knollys (the elder)
Sir Francis Knollys, KG of Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire (c. 1511/c. 1514 – 19 July 1596) was an English courtier in the service of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Elizabeth I, and was a Member of Parliament for a number of constituencies.
2009–10 Serbian Cup
The 2009–10 Serbian Cup season was the fourth season of the Serbian national football tournament. The competition started on 2 September 2009 and ended with the final on 5 May 2010. FK Partizan were the defending champions. Red Star Belgrade won the cup after a 3–0 win against Vojvodina.

2011–12 Serbian Cup
The 2011–12 Serbian Cup season was the sixth season of the Serbian national football tournament.

The competition started on 31 August 2011 and concluded with the final on May 16, 2012.

The winner of the competition qualified for the second qualifying round of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League.
2009 Slovenian Supercup
The 2009 Slovenian Supercup was a football match that saw the 2008–09 PrvaLiga champions Maribor face off against Slovenian Cup winners Interblock. The match was held on 8 July 2009 at Ljudski vrt in Maribor.

2013 Slovenian Supercup
The 2013 Slovenian Supercup was the ninth edition of the Slovenian Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Slovenian PrvaLiga and Slovenian Cup competitions. The match was played on 7 July 2013 at the Arena Petrol stadium in Celje between the 2012–13 Slovenian PrvaLiga winners Maribor and the 2012–13 Slovenian PrvaLiga runners-up Olimpija Ljubljana, as Maribor won both the Slovenian Cup and the Slovenian PrvaLiga in the previous season.
Fitchburg, Massachusetts
Fitchburg is a city in northern Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The third-largest city in the county, its population was 41,946 at the 2020 census. Fitchburg State University is located here.

Greenfield, Massachusetts
Greenfield is the county seat, and sole city, of Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Greenfield was first settled in 1686. The population was 17,768 at the 2020 census. Greenfield is home to Greenfield Community College, the Pioneer Valley Symphony Orchestra, the Franklin County Fair, and the Green River Festival. The city has a Main Street Historic District containing fine examples of Federal, Greek Revival, and Victorian architecture.

Greenfield anchors the Greenfield Town, MA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Springfield-Greenfield Town, MA Combined Statistical Area.
List of governors of Bihar
The Governor of Bihar is the nominal head of the Indian state of Bihar. The governor is appointed by the President of India. Arif Mohammad Khan is the current governor of Bihar. Former President Zakir Husain and Ram Nath Kovind were two such governors of Bihar who succeeded on to become the President of India.

Nityanand Kanungo
Nityanand Kanungo (4 May 1900 – 2 August 1988) was one of India's prominent politicians from the state of Odisha, who held successive high-profile portfolios in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet.
Rockin' Robin (wrestler)
Robin Denise Smith (born October 9, 1964), better known by her ring name Rockin' Robin, is an American retired professional wrestler. The daughter of Grizzly Smith, she is a second-generation wrestler; her brother Sam Houston and half-brother Jake "The Snake" Roberts also wrestled. Smith is best known for her appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) from 1987 to 1990, where she held the WWF Women's Championship.

Donna Christanello
Mary Alfonsi (May 23, 1942 – August 25, 2011), better known by her ring name Donna Christanello, was an American professional wrestler active between 1963 and 1991. Trained by The Fabulous Moolah, she frequently wrestled Ann Casey, Vicki Williams, Evelyn Stevens and Leilani Kai throughout the 1970s.
2023–24 Kategoria Superiore
The 2023–24 Kategoria Superiore was the 85th official season, or 88th season of top-tier football in Albania (including three unofficial championships during World War II) and the 24th season under the name Kategoria Superiore. The season began on 26 August 2023 and ended on 26 May 2024. Egnatia won the league title on 26 May 2024, beating Partizani in the final match.

The winners of this season's Kategoria Superiore earned a place in the first qualifying round of the 2024–25 Champions League, with the second and third placed clubs earning a place in the first qualifying round of the 2024–25 Conference League.

2024–25 Kategoria Superiore
The 2024–25 Kategoria Superiore was the 86th official season, or 89th season of top-tier football in Albania (including three unofficial championships during World War II) and the 25th season under the name Kategoria Superiore. The season began on 18 August 2024 and ended on 12 May 2025. Egnatia won the league title on 12 May 2025, beating Vllaznia in the final match.

The winners of this season's Kategoria Superiore earned a place in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 Champions League, with the second and third placed clubs earning a place in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 Conference League.
Bonanza, Nicaragua
Bonanza, Nicaragua (Spanish pronunciation: [boˈnansa]) is a town and a municipality in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region of Nicaragua.

In 1996, the local authorities chose for the first time to vote.

Bonanza Municipality has a population of 31,249 (2022 estimate). The majority of the population are of mestiza origin and banana cultivation is important for the economy. The gold mining activity in Bonanza also attracted the population of many parts of the world in the search of the metal.

Siuna
Siuna is a county-sized administrative municipality in Nicaragua, located approximately 318 kilometres (198 mi) northeast of the capital city of Managua and 218 kilometres (135 mi) west of the coastal city and regional capital Puerto Cabezas in the North Caribbean Autonomous Region (RACN). Siuna is the name of the city as well as the municipality. The municipality of Siuna contains 204 rural communities and 20 neighborhoods. Most were settled in support of gold mining along the Ei River drainage basin, leading to rapid population growth from the mid-1930s.
Millard Sheets
Millard Owen Sheets (June 24, 1907 – March 31, 1989) was an American artist, teacher, and architectural designer. He was one of the earliest of the California Scene Painting artists and helped define the art movement. Many of his large-scale building-mounted mosaics from the mid-20th century are still extant in Southern California. His paintings are in the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Whitney Museum in New York, the Chicago Art Institute, the National Gallery in Washington D.C.; and the Los Angeles County Museum.

Phil Dike
Phil Dike (1906-1990) was an American painter and art teacher. He painted watercolors, and he taught at Scripps College and the Claremont Graduate University. His work is in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Academy of Design, and the Library of Congress.