hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balangiga
Balangiga (IPA: [ˌbalaŋˈhɪga]), officially the Municipality of Balangiga (Waray: Bungto han Balangiga; Tagalog: Bayan ng Balangiga), is a municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 14,473 people.

Balangiga is the site of the Balangiga Encounter in 1901, which remains one of the longest-running and most controversial issues of the Philippine–American War.

San Julian, Eastern Samar
San Julian, officially the Municipality of San Julian (Waray: Bungto han San Julian; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Julian), is a municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 14,509 people.

The establishment of Libas in 1781 as a village was largely the work of a Franciscan parish priest of Sulat, Fr Melchor Claver.  Through his efforts, a church was constructed, and houses were gathered around it. He directed the construction of a casa tribunal, a cemetery, and a rectory (convento).  On July 4, 1863, Libas was separated from Sulat politically and ecclesiastically, and as it already had enough population and revenues to support a priest, was erected into a diocesan parish on August 25, 1871
USS Cushing (TB-1)
USS Cushing (Torpedo Boat #1/TB-1) was a torpedo boat in the United States Navy during the Spanish–American War. She was named for William B. Cushing.

Cushing was launched on 23 January 1890 by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company, Bristol, Rhode Island; sponsored by Miss K. B. Herreshoff; and commissioned on 22 April 1890, Lieutenant C. M. Winslow in command.

Breckinridge family
The Breckinridge family is a family of public figures from the United States. The family has included six members of the United States House of Representatives, two United States Senators, a cabinet member, two ambassadors, one United States Vice President, and one unsuccessful candidate for United States President. Breckinridges have served as college presidents, prominent ministers, soldiers, and theologians and in important positions at state and local levels. The family was most notable in Kentucky and most prominent during the 19th century, with it being especially prominent in the American Civil War.
Mikhail of Tver
Mikhail Yaroslavich (Russian: Михаил Ярославич; 1271 – 22 November 1318) was Prince of Tver from 1285 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1304 to 1314 and again from 1315 until his death in 1318. He was canonized and counted among the saints of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Mikhail Yaroslavich was the second son of Yaroslav III Yaroslavich of Tver, the younger brother of Aleksandr Nevsky; he succeeded his elder brother Yaroslav as the prince of Tver in 1285. His mother Xenia was the second spouse to Yaroslav III and is known as the saint Xenia of Tarusa. Upon the death of Andrei Aleksandrovich, Aleksandr Nevsky's son and Yaroslav's nephew, Mikhail became the grand prince of Vladimir in 1304, as was consistent with traditional succession practices. He was confirmed in office by Tokhta, the khan of the Golden Horde.

Sarai (city)
Sarai (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: سرای; also transcribed as Saraj or Saray; "mansion" or "court") was the name of possibly two cities near the lower Volga, that served successively as the effective capitals of the Cuman–Kipchak Confederation and later the Golden Horde, a Turco-Mongol khanate. There is considerable disagreement among scholars about the correspondence between specific archaeological sites.
Congress of the Union
The Congress of the Union (Spanish: Congreso de la Unión, pronounced [koŋˈɡɾeso ðe lawˈnjon]), formally known as the General Congress of the United Mexican States (Congreso General de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is the legislature of the federal government of Mexico. It consists of two chambers: the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. Its 628 members (128 senators and 500 deputies) meet in Mexico City.

12th federal electoral district of Jalisco
The 12th federal electoral district of Jalisco (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 12 de Jalisco) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 20 such districts in the state of Jalisco.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Sandra Beatriz González Pérez of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
1974 Swedish Grand Prix
The 1974 Swedish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Scandinavian Raceway in Anderstorp on 9 June 1974. It was race 7 of 15 in both the 1974 World Championship of Drivers and the 1974 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.

The race was dominated by the two Tyrrell-Cosworth 007s of Jody Scheckter and Patrick Depailler. Depailler took pole position, however Scheckter beat him by 0.380 sec in the race, to score his first Grand Prix win.

1974 Austrian Grand Prix
The 1974 Austrian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Österreichring on 18 August 1974. It was race 12 of 15 in both the 1974 World Championship of Drivers and the 1974 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 54-lap race was won by Carlos Reutemann, driving a Brabham-Ford, with Denny Hulme second in a McLaren-Ford and James Hunt third in a Hesketh-Ford. Hulme in this race achieved his last podium finish of his Formula One career.

As of 2025, Hulme's podium remains the last achieved by a New Zealand driver in Formula One.
Commandant
Commandant (/ˌkɒmənˈdɑːnt/ or /ˌkɒmənˈdænt/; French: [kɔmɑ̃dɑ̃]) is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy. This usage is common in English-speaking nations. In some countries it may be a military or police rank. It is also often used to refer to the commander of a military prison or prison camp (including concentration camps and prisoner of war camps).

Sri Lanka Military Academy
The Sri Lanka Military Academy (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා යුද්ධ හමුදා විද්‍යාපීඨය, romanized: śrī laṁkā yuddha hamudā vidyāpīṭhaya) (SLMA or SLMA Diyatalawa), commonly known simply as Diyatalawa, is the oldest military academy in Sri Lanka, and trains commissioned officers for the Sri Lanka Army. It is located in the garrison town of Diyatalawa in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. It has capacity to train more than 300 cadets.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park
The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park is located in the District of Columbia and the state of Maryland. The park was established in 1961 as a National Monument by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to preserve the neglected remains of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and many of its original structures.

The canal and towpath trail extends along the Potomac River from the Georgetown section of Washington, D.C., to Cumberland, Maryland, a distance of 184.5 miles (296.9 km). In 2013, the path was designated as the first section of U.S. Bicycle Route 50. With over four million visitors in 2022, it is the most-visited unit that is designated a national historical park of the National Park Service.

Great Falls Park
Great Falls Park is a small National Park Service (NPS) site in Virginia, United States. Situated on 800 acres (3.2 km2) along the banks of the Potomac River in northern Fairfax County, the park is a disconnected but integral part of the George Washington Memorial Parkway. The Great Falls of the Potomac River are near the northern boundary of the park, as are the remains of the Patowmack Canal, the first canal in the United States that used locks to raise and lower boats.
International Boxing Federation
The International Boxing Federation (IBF) is one of four major organizations recognized by the International Boxing Hall of Fame (IBHOF) which sanctions professional boxing bouts. The others are the World Boxing Association (WBA), World Boxing Council (WBC) and World Boxing Organization (WBO).

North American Boxing Association
The North American Boxing Association (NABA) is a boxing governing body which was established in 1997. It is affiliated with the World Boxing Association (WBA) and recognizes champions in 17 weight classes.

Its rules specify that fighters' titles are removed if they remain inactive for one year.
Rana Wickrama Padakkama
The Rana Wickrama Padakkama (RWP, Combat Gallantry Medal) (Sinhala: රණ වික්‍රම පදක්කම) is awarded to Sri Lankan military service personnel serving in both the regular- and volunteer forces as a reward for:

...individual or associated acts of bravery in the face of the enemy and performed voluntarily...

Bars could be awarded for further acts of gallantry meriting the award for a second and third time, denoted by a star in the ribbon bar for each additional award. The award is the only one to have been awarded to a military animal in Sri Lanka.

Military Intelligence Corps (Sri Lanka)
The Military Intelligence Corps (MIC) is one of the corps of the Sri Lanka Army. It is responsible for clandestine and covert operations to gathering military intelligence, counter-intelligence, cyberwarfare, HUMINT, intelligence assessment, ISTAR, military intelligence gathering and analysis, military secrets security, and SIGINT.
Drug
A drug is any chemical substance  other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalation, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption via a patch on the skin, suppository, or dissolution under the tongue.

A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.

Abstinence
Abstinence is the practice of self-enforced restraint from indulging in bodily activities that are widely experienced as giving pleasure. Most frequently, the term refers to sexual abstinence, but it can also mean abstinence from alcohol, drugs, food, or other comforts.

Because the regimen is intended to be a conscious act, freely chosen to enhance life, abstinence is sometimes distinguished from the psychological mechanism of repression. The latter is an unconscious state, having unhealthy consequences.
Tianshui
Tianshui is a prefecture-level city in Gansu province, China, and is the province's second-largest city (behind the provincial capital Lanzhou). Located in the southeast of the province, the city strides along the upper reaches of the Wei River and at the boundary of  the Loess Plateau and the Qinling Mountains. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,984,659 inhabitants, of which 1,212,791 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 urban districts of Qinzhou and Maiji. The city and its surroundings have played an important role in the early history of China, as still visible in the form of historic sites such as the Maijishan Grottoes.

Liu Yao
Liu Yao (died 329), courtesy name Yongming, was the final emperor of the Xiongnu-led Han-Zhao dynasty of China. He became emperor in 318 after most other members of the imperial Liu clan were massacred by Jin Zhun in a coup. However, the empire was soon divided in half, as the general Shi Le declared independence and established the Later Zhao dynasty. In a decisive battle in early 329, Shi captured and executed him, and while his sons Liu Xi the Crown Prince and Liu Yin the Prince of Nanyang continued to hold out for nearly a year, the Han-Zhao state fell later that year.
Municipal Art Society
The Municipal Art Society of New York (MAS) is a non-profit membership organization for preservation in New York City, which aims to encourage thoughtful planning and urban design and inclusive neighborhoods across the city.

The organization was founded in 1893. In January 2010, MAS relocated from its longtime home in the historic Villard Houses on 457 Madison Avenue to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street (across the street and east of Carnegie Hall). In July 2014, MAS moved into the Look Building at 488 Madison Avenue, across the street from its former Villard home. In February 2025, MAS moved into one of the Trinity and United States Realty Buildings in the Financial District.

New York Landmarks Conservancy
The New York Landmarks Conservancy is a non-profit organization "dedicated to preserving and protecting" New York's unique architectural heritage. In addition to advocating for sound preservation laws and politics, the Conservancy provides provides financial and technical support for preservation.

Since its founding in 1973, it has provided grants and loans of more than $62 million to help people save their homes and communities, including cultural, religious and social service institutions. These funds have mobilized a total of more than $900 million for over 2,000 restoration projects that have revitalized neighborhoods, supported the economy and local jobs, and attracted tourists. Its restoration projects include the Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House, the Alice Austen House and the Weeksville Heritage Center. The New York Landmarks Conservancy's annual Lucy G. Moses Preservation award recognizes notable preservation efforts.

Peg Breen is president of the organization.
Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.

Abies balsamea
Abies balsamea or balsam fir is a North American fir, native to most of eastern and central Canada (Newfoundland west to central Alberta) and the northeastern United States (Minnesota east to Maine, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to West Virginia).
Drobnjaci
Drobnjaci (Serbian Cyrillic: Дробњаци, pronounced [dro̞bɲǎːt͡si]) was a tribe and historical region, Drobnjak, in Old Herzegovina in Montenegro (municipalities from Nikšić to Šavnik, Žabljak and Pljevlja). Its unofficial centre is in Šavnik. The Serb Orthodox families have St. George (Đurđevdan) as their patron saint (slava) and the majority of churches in Drobnjak are dedicated to St. George as well. Families of distant Drobnjak origin are present in all former Yugoslav republics and in Hungary and Hungarian-populated parts of Romania and Slovakia, where it is spelled in its Magyarized form as Drobnyák.

Morača (tribe)
The Moračani (Serbian Cyrillic: Морачани) are one of the historical Serbian tribes of Montenegro and one of the seven highlander tribes from the Brda region. According to folklore, their founder was Bogić Moračanin (16th century), hence they also call themselves Bogićevci. The region that they occupy is called Morača.
English-based creole languages
An English-based creole language (often shortened to English creole) is a creole language for which English was the lexifier, meaning that at the time of its formation the vocabulary of English served as the basis for the majority of the creole's lexicon. Most English creoles were formed in British colonies, following the great expansion of British naval military power and trade in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. The main categories of English-based creoles are Atlantic (the Americas and Africa) and Pacific (Asia and Oceania).

Over 76.5 million people globally are estimated to speak an English-based creole. Sierra Leone, Malaysia, Nigeria, Ghana, Jamaica and Singapore have the largest concentrations of creole speakers.

Rama Cay Creole
Rama Cay Creole is a Creole language spoken by some 800 to 900 people on the island of Rama Cay in eastern Nicaragua. It is based on Miskito Coast Creole with additional elements of the Chibchan language Rama and purportedly some elements of English spoken with a German accent. The creolization of the language is supposed to have happened when Moravian missionaries who were native Germans but preached in English encouraged the Rama-speaking population of the island to shift to English.
BET Award for Album of the Year
The BET Award for Album of the Year is given to the most popular album released the same or previous year of the year the awards are handed out. The award is only given to the headlining artist(s) or group of the album. Beyoncé received five nominations in this category, the most for any artist, including a nomination with her husband Jay-Z as the supergroup THE CARTERS.

BET Awards 2022
The 22nd BET Awards took place on June 26, 2022. The ceremony celebrates achievements in entertainment and honors music, sports, television, and movies. The ceremony was hosted for the second time by Taraji P. Henson at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California.

The nominees were announced on June 1, 2022. Doja Cat received the most nominations with 6, ahead of Drake and Ari Lennox, who received with four nominations each.

American rapper, songwriter and producer Sean Combs, professionally known as Puff Daddy and Diddy, was honored with the BET Lifetime Achievement Award for his "incomparable cultural force and creative visionary whose impact has created historic paradigm shifts across music, media, fashion, and lifestyle".
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the lower of the two houses of the Parliament of New South Wales, an Australian state. The upper house is the New South Wales Legislative Council. Both the Assembly and Council sit at Parliament House in the state capital, Sydney. The Assembly is presided over by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.

The Assembly has 93 members, elected by single-member constituency, which are commonly known as seats. Voting is by the optional preferential system.

Members of the Legislative Assembly have the post-nominals MP after their names.
From the creation of the assembly up to about 1990, the post-nominals "MLA" (Member of the Legislative Assembly) were used.

The Assembly is often called the bearpit on the basis of the house's reputation for confrontational style during heated moments and the "savage political theatre and the bloodlust of its professional players" attributed in part to executive dominance.

Electoral district of Sydney-Pyrmont
Sydney-Pyrmont was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1894, partly replacing the multi-member electorate of West Sydney. It was named after and included the Sydney suburb of Pyrmont, consisting of the entire peninsula north of Fig Street and east of Wattle Street. In 1904, it was largely replaced by Pyrmont, which also absorbed part of the abolished district of Sydney-Denison.
Member of parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. Members of parliament typically form parliamentary groups, sometimes called caucuses, with members of the same political party. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members often have a different title. The terms congressman (or congresswoman) and deputy are equivalent terms used in other jurisdictions.

Liberal Initiative
The Liberal Initiative (Portuguese: Iniciativa Liberal [inisjɐˈtivɐ liβɨˈɾal], IL) is a liberal political party in Portugal. Founded in 2017, it is currently led by Mariana Leitão, who was elected in July 2025. The party has been described as being on the political right by academics and journalists. It has 9 elected seats out of a total of 230 in the Portuguese Parliament.

The party was founded in December 2017, and in October 2019, its debut year at the Portuguese legislative elections, it won one seat in the Portuguese Parliament. It had run in its first elections in May 2019 for the European Parliament and in 2020 supported its first government coalition, at regional level, after the 2020 Azorean regional election.

The party espouses a liberal economic platform, supporting a simplification and reduction of the tax burden, liberalisation of the labour market, an equitable and universal welfare state, as well as cultural and secular liberalism.
Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.

Hina Altaf
Hina Altaf (Urdu: حنا الطاف خان; born 2 January 1992), is a Pakistani television actress, presenter and former video jockey. Altaf briefly hosted ARY Musik's teen show Girl's Republic. She is best known for her role as Zebo in Udaari, Eshal in Dil-e-Jaanam, Asma in Aatish, Zara in Dil-e-Gumshuda and Zoya in Rabba Mainu Maaf Kareen.
Oda Nobuhide
Oda Nobuhide (織田 信秀, 1510 – 8 April 1551) was a Japanese daimyō and magistrate of the Sengoku period known as "Tiger of Owari" and also the father of Oda Nobunaga, the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. Nobuhide was a deputy shugo (Shugodai) of lower Owari Province and head of the Oda clan which controlled most of Owari.

Mikawa Province
Mikawa Province (三河国, Mikawa no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ka.wa (no kɯ.ɲi), mʲi.ka.waꜜ-]) was an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. Its abbreviated form name was Sanshū (三州 or 参州). Mikawa bordered on Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces.

Mikawa is classified as one of the provinces of the Tōkaidō. Under the Engishiki classification system, Mikawa was ranked as a "superior country" (上国) and a "near country" (近国) in terms of its distance from the capital.
Baliguian
Baliguian, officially the Municipality of Baliguian (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Baliguian; Subanen: Benwa Baliguian; Chavacano: Municipalidad de Baliguian; Tagalog: Bayan ng Baliguian), is a municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,771 people.

Sirawai
Sirawai, officially the Municipality of Sirawai (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Sirawai; Subanen: Benwa Sirawai; Tausūg: Kawman sin Sirawai; Zamboangueño: Municipalidad de Sirawai; Tagalog: Bayan ng Sirawai), is a municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 31,163 people.