hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monte Carlo Rally
The Monte Carlo Rally or Rallye Monte-Carlo (officially Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) is a rallying event organized each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco.

From its inception in 1911 by Prince Albert I, the rally was intended to demonstrate improvements and innovations in automobiles, and promote Monaco as a tourist resort on the Mediterranean shore. Before the format changed in 1997, the event was a “concentration rally” in which competitors would set off from various starting points around Europe and drive to Monaco, where the rally would continue to a set of special stages.

The rally now takes place along the hills of the French Riviera and southeast France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes). In 2026, for the first time since the 2008 Monte Carlo Rally, the event returned to within the borders of Monaco for a Super Special Stage.

Cyprus Rally
The Cyprus Rally is a rallying competition held yearly in Cyprus since 1970. The event is run by the Cyprus Automobile Association and is based in the city of Limassol (Lemesos). It is run on the winding roads of the nearby mountains of Troödos. It was part of the FIA's World Rally Championship (WRC) from 2000 to 2006. In 2007 and 2008 the event was part of the FIA Middle East Rally Championship (MERC). The Cyprus Rally rejoined the WRC in 2009, taking advantage of the new regulations to become the only mixed surface event.

Between 2010 and 2012, the event was the final round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC), as well as the penultimate round of the MERC (except in 2011, when it was separately held in July), including in 2013.
PlusLiga
The PlusLiga is the highest level of men's volleyball in Poland, a professional league competition featuring volleyball clubs located in this country. It is overseen by Polska Liga Siatkówki SA (PLS SA). It is currently a 14 teams league from October to April/May. The regular season is followed by playoffs, with the winner earning the Polish Championship (Polish: Mistrzostwo Polski). It is one of the best volleyball leagues in Europe, being highly ranked in the international competitions.

The league in its current form was founded in 2000 and was originally known as Polska Liga Siatkówki (Polish Volleyball League). Since 2008 it is named PlusLiga after a mobile phone network brand, Plus.

Skra Bełchatów
Skra Bełchatów, competing for sponsorship reasons as PGE GiEK Skra Bełchatów and officially called KPS Skra Bełchatów SA, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Bełchatów in central Poland, founded in 1957. They compete in the Polish PlusLiga. Skra Bełchatów is the most successful PlusLiga club based on the total number of league titles (nine).
Butte County, California
Butte County (/ˈbjuːt/ ⓘ) is a county located in the northern central part of the U.S. state of California. In the 2020 census, its population was 211,632. The county seat is Oroville.

Butte County comprises the Chico, California, metropolitan statistical area. It is in the California Central Valley, north of the state capital of Sacramento.

Butte County is drained by the Feather River and the Sacramento River. Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams, both tributary to the Sacramento. The county is home to California State University, Chico and Butte College.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
Sandringham Football Club
The Sandringham Football Club, nicknamed the Zebras, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Sandringham. It currently competes in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and the VFL Women's (VFLW).

Sandringham has competed in the VFL – originally known as the Victorian Football Association (VFA) – since 1929, and was one of only two clubs to not be relegated to Division 2 when the VFA was split into two divisions.

Sandringham men's side is a standalone outfit and is not affiliated with any other club. Between 2009 and 2025, the club had a reserves affiliation with Australian Football League (AFL) club St Kilda, and prior to that were affiliated with Melbourne. The club's women's side, which competes in the VFLW, retains an affiliation with St Kilda.

Dandenong Football Club
The Dandenong Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Dandenong. The club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1958 until 1994.
L'Express
L'Express (French pronunciation: [lɛkspʁɛs] ⓘ, stylized in all caps) is a French weekly news magazine headquartered in Paris. The weekly stands at the political centre-right in the French media landscape, and has a lifestyle supplement, L'Express Styles, and a job supplement, Réussir. Founded in 1953 by Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber and Françoise Giroud, L'Express would be considered France's first American-style news weekly. L'Express is one of the three major French news weeklies alongside Le Nouvel Obs and Le Point.

Elle (magazine)
Elle (French pronunciation: [ɛl]; lit. 'She'  or 'Her'; stylised in all caps), is a French weekly lifestyle magazine. It offers a mixture of fashion, beauty, and general lifestyle content. It has been published in Paris since its 1945 founding by Hélène Gordon-Lazareff.

The magazine has a global audience reach of over 250 million people monthly, 50 international editions, and spin-off publications such as Elle Décoration, Elle Men, and Elle à Table. The magazine is considered "one of the world's largest fashion and lifestyle publications".
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the lower of the two houses of the Parliament of New South Wales, an Australian state. The upper house is the New South Wales Legislative Council. Both the Assembly and Council sit at Parliament House in the state capital, Sydney. The Assembly is presided over by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.

The Assembly has 93 members, elected by single-member constituency, which are commonly known as seats. Voting is by the optional preferential system.

Members of the Legislative Assembly have the post-nominals MP after their names.
From the creation of the assembly up to about 1990, the post-nominals "MLA" (Member of the Legislative Assembly) were used.

The Assembly is often called the bearpit on the basis of the house's reputation for confrontational style during heated moments and the "savage political theatre and the bloodlust of its professional players" attributed in part to executive dominance.

Electoral district of Castlereagh
Castlereagh, or The Castlereagh until 1910, was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales originally created in the 1904 re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90. It consisted of the abolished seat of Coonamble and part of the abolished seat of Dubbo and was named after the Castlereagh River. In 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation, it was absorbed into Wammerawa, along with Mudgee and Liverpool Plains. It was recreated in 1927 and abolished in 1991, replaced by Barwon in the north-west, including the towns of Narrabri and Gilgandra, and by Upper Hunter in the south-east, including the town of Mudgee.
Hermione Granger
Hermione Jean Granger (/hɜːrˈmaɪəni ˈɡreɪndʒər/ hur-MY-ə-nee GRAYN-jər) is a fictional character in the Harry Potter series of novels by J. K. Rowling. She first appeared in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997) as a first-year student on her way to Hogwarts, a school of magic. In the novel, she becomes friends with Harry Potter and Ron Weasley after they save her from a troll. Hermione often uses her quick wit, deft recall, and encyclopaedic knowledge to help her friends in perilous situations. Rowling has stated that Hermione resembles herself as a young girl.

Hermione is portrayed by Emma Watson in all eight Harry Potter films, and is set to be played by Arabella Stanton in the upcoming television series.

Sirius Black
Sirius Black is a fictional character in the Harry Potter series of novels by J. K. Rowling. Sirius was first mentioned briefly in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as a wizard who lent Rubeus Hagrid a flying motorbike shortly after Lord Voldemort killed James and Lily Potter. His character becomes prominent in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, in which he is the titular prisoner, and is also revealed to be the godfather of the central character Harry Potter. He is portrayed in the film adaptations by Gary Oldman.
Montpellier HSC (women)
Montpellier Hérault Sport Club Féminines (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃pɛˈlje eˈro]; commonly referred to as simply Montpellier) is a French women's football club based in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone, a commune in the arrondissement of Montpellier. The club was founded in 1990. Montpellier play in the Première Ligue. The club is currently managed by Frédéric Mendy.

Montpellier hosts its home matches at the Stade Joseph-Blanc, a 1,000-capacity stadium that is situated in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone. The club also hosts matches at the Stade de la Mosson in Montpellier, where the men's team plays.

Dijon FCO (women)
Dijon Football Côte d'Or (French pronunciation: [diʒɔ̃ futbol kot dɔʁ]; commonly referred to as Dijon FCO or simply Dijon) is a French women's football club based in the city of Dijon. It has been the women's section of Dijon FCO since 2006. The club currently plays in the Première Ligue, the highest division of women's football in France.
Principal areas of Wales
The principal areas of Wales, comprising the counties and county boroughs of Wales, are a form of subdivision in Wales. There are currently 22 principal areas in Wales, and they were established in 1996. They are a single-tier form of local government, each governed by a principal council, with eleven styled as a "county" (sir) and the other eleven as a "county borough" (bwrdeistref sirol). They replaced the previous two-tier system of eight counties and 37 districts that were in place in Wales from 1974 to 1996.

South East Wales
South East Wales is a loosely defined region of Wales generally corresponding to the preserved counties of Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and Gwent. Highly urbanised, it includes the cities of Cardiff and Newport as well as large towns in the South Wales Valleys.
Parish church
In Christianity, a parish church or parochial church is a church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in community activities, often allowing its premises to be used for non-religious community events. The church building reflects this status, and there is considerable variety in the size and style of parish churches. Many villages in Europe have churches that date back to the Middle Ages, but all periods of architecture are represented.

Toward the end of the 20th century, a new resurgence in interest in parish churches emerged across the United States. This has given rise to efforts like the Slow Church Movement and The Parish Collective which focus heavily on localized involvement across work, home, and church life.

Curate
A curate (/ˈkjʊərɪt/) is a person who is invested with the care or cure (cura) of souls of a parish. In this sense, curate means a parish priest; but in many English-speaking countries the term curate is commonly used to describe clergy who are assistants to the parish priest. The duties or office of a curate are called a curacy.
Cecil Hepworth
Cecil Milton Hepworth (19 March 1874 – 9 February 1953) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter. He was among the founders of the British film industry and continued making films into the 1920s at his Hepworth Studios. In 1923 his company Hepworth Picture Plays went into receivership.

His works include Alice in Wonderland (1903), the first film adaptation of Lewis Carroll's children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.

Gerald Ames
Gerald Ames (12 September 1880 – 2 July 1933) was a British actor, film director and Olympic fencer. Ames was born in Blackheath, London in 1880 and first took up acting in 1905. He was a popular leading man in the post-First World War cinema, appearing in more than sixty films between his debut in 1914 and his retirement from the screen in 1928 in a career entirely encompassing the silent era. He was also a regular stage actor who took on many leading roles in the theatre.

He competed in the individual épée event at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He died in 1933 after falling down the steps of Knightsbridge tube station and suffering a heart attack. He was married to the actress Mary Dibley.
128th New York State Legislature
The 128th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 4 to July 20, 1905, during the first year of Frank W. Higgins's governorship, in Albany.

133rd New York State Legislature
The 133rd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to July 1, 1910, during the fourth year of Charles Evans Hughes's governorship, in Albany.
Modulation (music)
In music, modulation is the change from one tonality (tonic, or tonal center) to another. This may or may not be accompanied by a change in key signature (a key change). Modulations articulate or create the structure or form of many pieces, as well as add interest. Treatment of a non-tonic chord as a temporary tonic, for less than a phrase, is considered tonicization.

Modulation is the essential part of the art. Without it there is little music, for a piece derives its true beauty not from the large number of fixed modes which it embraces but rather from the subtle fabric of its modulation.

B-flat major
B-flat major is a major scale based on B♭, with pitches B♭, C, D, E♭, F, G, and A. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative minor is G minor and its parallel minor is B-flat minor.

The B-flat major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The B-flat harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

Many transposing instruments are pitched in B-flat major, including the clarinet, trumpet, tenor saxophone, and soprano saxophone. As a result, B-flat major is one of the most popular keys for concert band compositions.
Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.

Volumetric flow rate
In physics and engineering, in particular fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate (also known as volume flow rate, or volume velocity) is the volume of fluid which passes per unit time; usually it is represented by the symbol Q (sometimes ). Its SI unit is cubic metres per second (m3/s).

It contrasts with mass flow rate, which is the other main type of fluid flow rate. In most contexts a mention of "rate of fluid flow" is likely to refer to the volumetric rate. In hydrometry, the volumetric flow rate is known as discharge.

The volumetric flow rate across a unit area is called volumetric flux, as defined by Darcy's law and represented by the symbol q. Conversely, the integration of a volumetric flux over a given area gives the volumetric flow rate.
Kentucky Route 61
Kentucky Route 61 (KY 61) is a 151.333-mile (243.547 km) long Kentucky State Highway extending north from the Tennessee state line in Cumberland County to Columbia in Adair County through to Greensburg in Green County.  From there, the route traverses LaRue, Hardin and Bullitt counties to terminate in Jefferson County (where it is commonly signed as Preston Street or Preston Highway) at the junction of U.S. Route 31E (East Main Street) in downtown Louisville.

Interstate 65 in Kentucky
Interstate 65 (I-65) is part of the Interstate Highway System that runs 887.30 miles (1,427.97 km) north–south from Mobile, Alabama, to Gary, Indiana. The highway crosses Kentucky from south to north, from the Tennessee state line near Franklin to the Indiana state line in Louisville. I-65 passes through three of Kentucky's ten largest cities—Bowling Green, Elizabethtown, and Louisville—and serves Mammoth Cave National Park and Fort Knox. Kentucky was the first state to complete its portion of I-65, with the final section, located near Franklin, opening in 1970.
Leading-edge slot
A leading-edge slot is a fixed aerodynamic feature of the wing of some aircraft to reduce the stall speed and promote good low-speed handling qualities. A leading-edge slot is a spanwise gap in each wing, allowing air to flow from below the wing to its upper surface.   In this manner they allow flight at higher angles of attack and thus reduce the stall speed.

Trailing edge
The trailing edge of an aerodynamic surface such as a wing is its rear edge, where the airflow separated by the leading edge meets. Essential flight control surfaces are attached here to control the direction of the departing air flow, and exert a controlling force on the aircraft. Such control surfaces include ailerons on the wings for roll control, elevators on the tailplane controlling pitch, and the rudder on the fin controlling yaw. Elevators and ailerons may be combined as elevons on tailless aircraft.

The shape of the trailing edge is of prime importance in the aerodynamic function of any aerodynamic surface. A sharp trailing edge is always employed in an airfoil. George Batchelor has written about:

“ ... the remarkable controlling influence exerted by the sharp trailing edge of an aerofoil on the circulation.”
Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide (or aluminium(III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, ALOX or alundum in various forms and applications. Alumina is refined from bauxite. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire, which have an alumina content approaching 100%. Al2O3 is used as feedstock to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.

Calcium oxide
Calcium oxide (formula: CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. It is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room temperature. The broadly used term lime connotes calcium-containing inorganic compounds, in which carbonates, oxides, and hydroxides of calcium, silicon, magnesium, aluminium, and iron predominate. By contrast, quicklime specifically applies to the single compound calcium oxide. Calcium oxide that survives processing without reacting in building products, such as cement, is called free lime.

Quicklime is relatively inexpensive. Both it and the chemical derivative calcium hydroxide (of which quicklime is the base anhydride) are important commodity chemicals.
2023 Indonesia Masters
The 2023 Indonesia Masters (officially known as the Daihatsu Indonesia Masters 2023 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament that took place at the Istora Gelora Bung Karno, Jakarta, Indonesia, from 24 to 29 January 2023 and had a total prize of US$420,000.

2023 Orléans Masters
The 2023 Orléans Masters (officially known as Orléans Masters Badminton 2023 presented by Victor for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place in the Palais des Sports at Orléans, France, from 4 to 9 April 2023. The tournament had a total prize pool of $240,000. This was the first edition of the tournament since being upgraded from the Super 100 to the Super 300 level.
Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.

Jerry Siegel
Jerome "Jerry" Siegel (/ˈsiːɡəl/ SEE-gəl; October 17, 1914 – January 28, 1996) was an American comic book writer. He was the co-creator of Superman, in collaboration with his friend Joe Shuster, published by DC Comics. They also created Doctor Occult, who was later featured in The Books of Magic. Siegel and Shuster were inducted into the comic book industry's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1993. With Bernard Baily, Siegel also co-created the long-running DC character The Spectre. Siegel created ten of the earliest members of the Legion of Super-Heroes, one of DC's most popular team books, which is set in the 30th Century. Siegel also used pseudonyms including Joe Carter and Jerry Ess.
Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.

Nevelsky District, Pskov Oblast
Nevelsky District (Russian: Не́вельский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Novosokolnichesky District in the north, Velikoluksky District in the east, Usvyatsky District in the southeast, Haradok, Polotsk, and Rasony Districts of Vitebsk Region of Belarus in the south (forming part of the Belarus–Russia border), Sebezhsky District in the west, and with Pustoshkinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,689.9 square kilometers (1,038.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nevel. Population: 26,657 (2010 Census); 31,419 (2002 Census); 38,951 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nevel accounts for 61.2% of the district's total population.