hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Duchy of Posen
The Grand Duchy of Posen (German: Großherzogtum Posen; Polish: Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie) was part of the Kingdom of Prussia, created from territories annexed by Prussia after the Partitions of Poland, and formally established following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. On 9 February 1849, the Prussian administration renamed the grand duchy the Province of Posen. Its former name was unofficially used afterward for denoting the territory, especially by Poles, and today is used by modern historians to refer to different political entities until 1918. Its capital was Posen (Polish: Poznań). The title of Grand Duke of Posen remained until 1918 to the King of Prussia.

Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine
The Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Niederrhein), or simply known as the Lower Rhine Province (Provinz Niederrhein), was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and existed from 1815 to 1822.  It was formally incorporated into the Prussian state on 5 April 1815.
Pennsylvania Route 74
Pennsylvania Route 74 (PA 74) is a 96.4-mile-long (155.1 km) north–south state highway located in central Pennsylvania. The southern terminus of the route is at the Mason–Dixon line southwest of Delta, where the road continues into Maryland as Maryland Route 165 (MD 165). The northern terminus is at PA 75 south of Port Royal.

U.S. Route 322 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 322 (US 322) is a spur of US 22, running from Cleveland, Ohio, east to Atlantic City, New Jersey. In the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, the route runs from the Ohio state line in West Shenango Township southeast to the Commodore Barry Bridge over the Delaware River in Chester, at which point the route crosses into New Jersey, meeting the New Jersey Turnpike at exit 2.  The route passes near or through several cities, including Meadville, DuBois, State College, and Harrisburg. US 322 in Pennsylvania is named the 28th Division Highway in honor of the 28th Infantry Division.
Jackie McLean
John Lenwood McLean (May 17, 1931 – March 31, 2006) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, composer, bandleader, and educator.  He is one of the few musicians to be elected to the DownBeat Hall of Fame in the year of their death.

Louis Hayes
Louis Hayes (born May 31, 1937) is an American jazz drummer and band leader. He was with McCoy Tyner's trio for more than three years. Since 1989 he has led his own band, and together with Vincent Herring formed the Cannonball Legacy Band. He is part of the NEA Jazz Masters awards class of 2023.
Saint Apollonia
Saint Apollonia (Greek: Ἁγία Ἀπολλωνία; Coptic: Ϯⲁⲅⲓⲁ Ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲟⲛⲓⲁ, pronounced [tiˈaɡiə ʔa.pɔlˈlo.ni.jə]) was one of a group of virgin martyrs who suffered in Alexandria during a local uprising against the Christians prior to the persecution of Decius. According to church tradition, her torture included having all of her teeth violently pulled out or shattered. For this reason, she is popularly regarded as the patroness of dentistry and those suffering from toothache or other dental problems. French court painter Jehan Fouquet painted the scene of St. Apollonia's torture in The Martyrdom of St. Apollonia.

Dorothea of Caesarea
Dorothea of Caesarea (also known as Saint Dorothy, Greek: Δωροθέα; died ca. 311 AD) is a 4th-century virgin martyr who was executed at Caesarea Mazaca. Evidence for her actual historical existence or acta is very sparse. She is called a martyr of the late Diocletianic Persecution, although her death occurred after the resignation of Diocletian himself.

Dorothea and her companion, Theophilus, are mentioned in the Roman Martyrology as martyrs of Caesarea in Cappadocia, with a feast on 6 February. She is officially recognized as a virgin martyr.  However, with the promulgation of the motu proprio Mysterii Paschalis of Pope Paul VI, Dorothea was removed from the General Roman Calendar, being judged as not having "universal significance". Her feast is still retained in some regional calendars and the Tridentine Calendar.
Zwickauer Mulde
The Zwickauer Mulde (German pronunciation: [ˈtsvɪkaʊɐ ˈmʊldə]) is a river in Saxony, Germany. It is the left tributary of the Mulde and 166 km (103 mi) in length.

The source of the river is in the Ore Mountains, near Schöneck, in the Vogtlandkreis. It runs northeast to Aue, then northwest to Zwickau (hence the name), and further north through Glauchau, Rochlitz and Colditz. A few kilometers north of Colditz, the Zwickauer Mulde is joined by the Freiberger Mulde to form the united Mulde. The Mulde is a tributary of the Elbe.

White Elster
The White Elster (German: Weiße Elster [ˌvaɪsə ˈʔɛlstɐ] ⓘ; Czech: Bílý Halštrov) is a 257-kilometre-long (160 mi) river in central Europe. It is a right tributary of the Saale. The source of the White Elster is in the westernmost part of the Czech Republic, in the territory of Hazlov. After a few kilometres, it flows into eastern Germany where it cuts through the Vogtland in (according to the Encyclopædia Britannica) a "deep and picturesque valley". In Germany it flows through the states of Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt. The White Elster flows through the cities of Plauen, Greiz, Gera, Zeitz, Pegau and Leipzig, and into the river Saale in Halle.
ZESCO United F.C.
ZESCO United Football Club (simply often known as ZESCO) is a Zambian professional football club based in Ndola, that competes in the Zambia Super League. Founded in 1974, the team plays its home matches at the Levy Mwanawasa Stadium.

The club is wholly owned and sponsored by the state owned electricity supplier ZESCO.

2009 CAF Champions League
The 2009 CAF Champions League is the 45th edition of Africa's premier club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and the 13th edition under the current CAF Champions League format.  The winner will participate in the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup and the 2010 CAF Super Cup.
Renger van der Zande
Renger Adriaan van der Zande (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛŋər vɑn dər ˈzɑndə]; born 16 February 1986) is a Dutch racing driver who currently competes for Acura Meyer Shank Racing in the 2025 IMSA SportsCar Championship and for United Autosports in the 2025 24 Hours of Le Mans. He is the son of the 1978 National Dutch Rallycross Champion Ronald van der Zande. In 2016, van der Zande won his first major sports car championship with co-driver Alex Popow and Starworks Motorsport in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship PC Class. He resides in Amsterdam with his partner Carlijn and their daughter.

Laurin Heinrich
Laurin Heinrich (born 26 September 2001) is a German racing driver who competes in the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship for Porsche Penske Motorsport. A homegrown talent from his selection as Porsche junior in 2022, he led "Rexy" to the GTD Pro title in 2024 and made his Hypercar debut in late 2025.
P. Bhanumathi
P. Bhanumathi Ramakrishna (7 September 1925 – 24 December 2005) was an Indian actress, singer, film producer, director, music composer, writer, editor, studio owner and novelist. She is regarded as the first female superstar of Telugu cinema, and the first female director of Telugu cinema with her debut directorial Chandirani (1953). Bhanumathi appeared in over 100 films, predominantly in Telugu and Tamil languages. She also acted in a few Hindi and Kannada films. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2001 for her contribution to the Indian cinema. She was honored among "Women in Cinema" at the 30th International Film Festival of India.

S. Rajeswara Rao
Saluri Rajeswara Rao (11 October 1922 – 25 October 1999) was an Indian composer, multi-instrumentalist, singer, and music producer, known for his work in Telugu cinema. Rajeswara Rao is noted for integrating Indian classical music into Telugu cinema for over five decades. His innovative compositions and mastery of classical and folk music earned him widespread recognition.
Aída
Aída is a Spanish sitcom that aired on Telecinco from 16 January 2005 to 8 June 2014. Set in Madrid, it is a spin off of the sitcom 7 Vidas, on which Aída was a recurring character. It was produced by Globomedia.

The show stars Carmen Machi as Aída García, a working single mother with two teenage children who is forced to move in with her mother Eugenia, played by Marisol Ayuso, and brother Luisma, played by Paco León, to make ends meet.

The show received favorable reviews and was the most-viewed show in Spain from 2007 until the end of its run. It has also received several awards, including the Ondas Award for Best Spanish Sitcom.

The Polish remake of the series began airing in March 2012 on the TVP2 channel.

La que se avecina
La que se avecina is a Spanish television sitcom created by Alberto Caballero, Laura Caballero and Daniel Deorador. The show is set in the fictitious Mirador de Montepinar, a condominium located in the suburbs of Madrid. The show is an indirect successor to the Antena 3 comedy Aquí no hay quien viva. The title is both an expression meaning "the trouble that is approaching" and a pun on "la casa vecina" - the neighbouring house - and so it alludes to the show's neighbourly setting as well as the regular quarrels between the characters.

La que se avecina debuted on Telecinco, and was later rerun by the same network as well as cable/satellite channels FDF and Comedy Central España. The series debuted on 22 April 2007, the show began to become much more prominent in its third season, becoming one of the most widely watched shows in Spain. Most characters in the show are stereotypical representations of different groups in Spanish society and occasionally pokes fun at Spanish politics.
Beihai
Beihai (Chinese: 北海; pinyin: Běihǎi; Postal romanization: Pakhoi) is a prefecture-level city in the south of Guangxi, People's Republic of China. Its status as a seaport on the north shore of the Gulf of Tonkin has granted it historical importance as a port of international trade for Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan. Between 2006 and 2020, Beihai was predicted to be the world's fastest growing city. Beihai has a large shipyard, but most of the money generated in the city is derived from trade.

In addition, it governs the small islands of Weizhou and Xieyang, and is directly west of Leizhou Peninsula. At the end of 2024, the city's resident population is 1.91,700, of which 1.169 million are urban residents, accounting for 61.52% of the resident population (urbanization rate of the resident population).

Hechi
Hechi (Chinese: 河池) is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, bordering Guizhou to the north. In June 2002 it gained city status. Its capital is Yizhou (Chinese: 宜州（广西）).
New York Stock Exchange
The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "the Big Board") is an American stock exchange headquartered at the New York Stock Exchange Building in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is the largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization, exceeding $44 trillion in January 2026. The NYSE is owned by Intercontinental Exchange, an American holding company that it also lists (ticker symbol ICE). Previously, it was part of NYSE Euronext (NYX), which was formed by the NYSE's 2007 merger with Euronext. According to a Gallup poll conducted in 2022, approximately 58% of American adults reported having money invested in the stock market, either through individual stocks, mutual funds, or retirement accounts.

Stacey Cunningham
Stacey Cunningham (born 1974 or 1975) is an American banker who served as the 67th president of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) from 2018 to 2022. She was the second female president of the NYSE, but the first to hold full leadership of the exchange.

After interning with the NYSE during the 1990s, Cunningham became a trading floor clerk, continuing to work at the exchange until 2005. She took time off to complete a culinary training course, then working at the Nasdaq stock exchange as director of capital markets and head of sales for U. S. transaction services. In 2012, Cunningham rejoined the NYSE, and became the exchange's chief operating officer in 2015.

On May 22, 2018, Cunningham was appointed president of the NYSE. In November 2018, she was listed in 100 Women. In December 2021, she announced that she would be stepping down from her role as NYSE president and joining the NYSE board of directors.
Elvin Jones
Elvin Ray Jones (September 9, 1927 – May 18, 2004) was an American jazz drummer of the post-bop era. Most famously a member of John Coltrane's quartet, with whom he recorded from late 1960 to late 1965, Jones appeared on such albums as My Favorite Things, A Love Supreme, Ascension and Live at Birdland. After 1966, Jones led his own trio, and later larger groups under the name The Elvin Jones Jazz Machine. His brothers Hank and Thad were also celebrated jazz musicians with whom he occasionally recorded. Elvin was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1995. In his The History of Jazz, jazz historian and critic Ted Gioia calls Jones "one of the most influential drummers in the history of jazz". He was also ranked at Number 23 on Rolling Stone magazine's "100 Greatest Drummers of All Time".

Abbey Lincoln
Anna Marie Wooldridge  (August 6, 1930 – August 14, 2010), known professionally as Abbey Lincoln, was an American jazz vocalist, songwriter, and actress. She was a civil rights activist beginning in the 1960s. Lincoln made a career out of delivering deeply felt presentations of standards, as well as writing and singing her own material.
PZL P.7
The PZL P.7 was a Polish gull wing monoplane fighter aircraft designed in the early 1930s at the PZL factory in Warsaw. It was the main fighter of the Polish Air Force between 1933 and 1935. The PZL P.7 was replaced in Polish service by its follow-up design, the PZL P.11c. More than 30 PZL P.7 fighters remained in service during the Invasion of Poland, scoring several kills despite its obsolescence.

Zygmunt Puławski
Zygmunt Puławski (October 24, 1901 – March 21, 1931)  was a Polish aircraft designer and pilot. He invented a gull-wing aircraft design, also known as "Puławski wing" and designed a series of Polish PZL fighter aircraft.
Federal Aviation Administration
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a U.S. federal government agency within the U.S. Department of Transportation that regulates civil aviation in the United States and surrounding international waters.: 12, 16  Its powers include air traffic control, certification of personnel and aircraft, setting standards for airports, and protection of U.S. assets during the launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles. Powers over neighboring international waters were delegated to the FAA by authority of the International Civil Aviation Organization.

The FAA was created in August 1958 (1958-08) as the Federal Aviation Agency, replacing the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). In 1967, the FAA became part of the newly formed U.S. Department of Transportation and was renamed the Federal Aviation Administration.

Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (1968)
The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) was a United States trade union of air traffic controllers that operated from 1968 until its decertification in 1981 following an illegal labor strike broken by the Reagan administration. In striking, the union violated 5 U.S.C. (Supp. III 1956) 118p (now 5 U.S.C. § 7311), which prohibits strikes by federal government employees.
Tucker County, West Virginia
Tucker County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,762, making it West Virginia's fourth-least populous county. Its county seat is Parsons. The county was created in 1856 from a part of Randolph County, then part of Virginia. In 1871, a small part of Barbour County, was transferred to Tucker County. The county was named after Henry St. George Tucker, Sr., a judge and Congressman from Williamsburg, Virginia.

Monongalia County, West Virginia
Monongalia County, known locally as Mon County, is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,822, making it West Virginia's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Morgantown. The county was founded in 1776. Monongalia County is included in the Morgantown, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the largest county in North-Central West Virginia. It is part of the Pittsburgh media market.
The Standard (London newspaper)
The London Standard,  formerly the Evening Standard (1904–2024) and originally The Standard (1827–1904), is a long-established regional newspaper published weekly and distributed free of charge in London, England. It is printed in tabloid format, and also has an online edition.

In October 2009, after being bought by Russian businessman Alexander Lebedev, the paper ended a 180-year history of paid circulation and multiple editions every day, and became a free newspaper publishing a single print edition every weekday, doubling its circulation as part of a change in its business plan.

On 29 May 2024, the newspaper announced that it would reduce print publication to once weekly, after nearly 200 years of daily publication, as it had become unprofitable. Daily publication ended on 19 September 2024. The first weekly edition was published on 26 September 2024 under the new name of The London Standard.

Sarah Sands
Sarah Sands (née Harvey; born 3 May 1961) is a British journalist and author, a former newspaper and BBC Radio 4,Today programme editor who has gone on to serve on multiple boards, mainly in the UK creative and scientific sector, including Channel 4 and the Science Museum Group. She is a former chair of the G7 Gender Equality Advisory Council (GEAC) and has championed the cause of Afghan women.

She is an honorary fellow at Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge and Goldsmiths, University of London.
Alki Larnaca FC
Alki Larnaca (Greek: ΑΛΚΗ Λάρνακας, ALKI Larnakas) was a Cypriot football club based in the town of Larnaca. The club was founded in 1948 and it was dissolved on the 6th of May 2014 due to financial issues. The club's colours were blue and red. They reached the Cypriot Cup final on five occasions without a win. The club was refounded as Alki 1948 Larnaca in May 2024, and are now playing in the fourth tier of Cypriot football.

Orfeas Nicosia
Orfeas Nicosia (Greek: Ορφέας Λευκωσίας) is a Cypriot football club based in Nicosia.  It was founded in 1948. The club colors are yellow and green. It has participated in the Cypriot First Division four times, from 1959 until 1963. The club's highest achievement is finishing 7th in the 1961–62 season.

The club's home ground is unique in being situated adjacent to the medieval Venetian walls of Nicosia, now part of the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus, which has divided the Greek and Turkish parts of the island since the Turkish invasion of 1974.
Paul Harragon
Paul William Harragon OAM (born 12 October 1968), nicknamed Chief or Chief Harragon, is an Australian rugby league football identity. A former Australian international and New South Wales State of Origin representative forward, he played rugby for the Newcastle Knights whom he captained to the 1997 ARL premiership. Harragon was a regular presenter of The Footy Show and as of 2013 is the Chairman of the Newcastle Knights Advisory Board.

Paul Sironen
Paul Sironen (born 23 May 1965) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer of Finnish descent who was a prominent Second-row forward for the Balmain Tigers during the late 1980s, and early 1990s. He was part of the team that played in successive Grand Finals in 1988 and 1989, and included other representative players Steve "Blocker" Roach, Wayne Pearce, Benny Elias and Garry Jack. He made a number of appearances for both New South Wales in State of Origin, and also for Australia, and has been named as part of the Wests Tigers Team of the Century.

Sironen is the father of St Helens second rower Curtis Sironen who made his NRL debut for the Tigers against the North Queensland Cowboys in Round 12 of the 2012 NRL season and Bayley Sironen.
Mystery Jets
Mystery Jets are an English indie rock band, formed on Eel Pie Island in Twickenham, London. The founding members still part of the band consist of Blaine Harrison (vocals, guitar and keyboards), Henry Harrison (lyrics), and Kapil Trivedi (drums).

Guillemots (band)
Guillemots (stylised as gUiLLeMoTs) are an England-based indie rock band formed in November 2004, originally a four-piece of Fyfe Dangerfield, MC Lord Magrão (until his departure in 2013), Aristazabal Hawkes and Greig Stewart. The band formed in London, with members coming from England, Brazil, Canada and Scotland respectively.

Their first album, Through the Windowpane, was nominated for a Mercury Music Prize in 2006. The band experienced some chart success, with their single "Get Over It" reaching number 20 in the UK Singles Chart in March 2008. Their second album, Red, reached number 9 in the UK Albums Chart in the same month. After touring throughout 2008 and Dangerfield releasing a solo record, the band released their third record, Walk the River, on 18 April 2011. The band's fourth album, Hello Land!, was released 7 May 2012.
Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (lit. 'Councils of National-Syndicalist Offensive', JONS) was a nationalist and fascist movement in 1930s Spain. In 1934, it merged with the Falange Española into the Falange Española de las JONS.

National syndicalism
National syndicalism is a far-right adaptation of syndicalism within the broader agenda of integral nationalism that developed during the French Third Republic and spread to other romance regions like Italy and the Iberian Peninsula.
Chella Choi
Woon-jung "Chella" Choi (born 25 August 1990) is a South Korean professional golfer.

Choi played on the Duramed Futures Tour in 2008 with a best finish of T-2 at the Bright House Networks Open. She earned her 2009 LPGA Tour card at LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament, having to earn her card through a playoff.

Her first professional victory came on 19 July 2015, at the LPGA Tour's Marathon Classic, where she defeated Jang Ha-na in a playoff. The win happened after seven years and 157 LPGA Tour events. For the first eight years of Choi's professional career, her father was her caddie and vowed to remain until she won.

Park Sung-hyun (golfer)
Park Sung-hyun (born 21 September 1993), also known as Sung Hyun Park, is a South Korean professional golfer playing on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two LPGA majors championships, the 2017 U.S. Women's Open and the 2018 Women's PGA Championship. She was the number one ranked golfer in the Women's World Golf Rankings for a single week in 2017 and has returned to the number one spot in 2018 and 2019.
Kouropalates
Kouropalatēs, Latinized as curopalates or curopalata (Greek: κουροπαλάτης, from Latin: cura palatii "[the one in] charge of the palace") and anglicized as curopalate, was a Byzantine court title, one of the highest from the time of Emperor Justinian I to the Komnenian period in the 12th century. The female variant, held by the spouses of the kouropalatai, was kouropalatissa.

Nobilissimus
Nobilissimus (Latin for "most noble"), in Byzantine Greek nōbelissimos (Greek: νωβελίσσιμος), was one of the highest imperial titles in the late Roman and Byzantine empires. The feminine form of the title was nobilissima.
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt (17 August 1840 – 10 September 1922), sometimes spelt Wilfred, was an English poet and writer. He and his wife Lady Anne Blunt travelled in the Middle East and were instrumental in preserving the Arabian horse bloodlines through their farm, the Crabbet Arabian Stud.

Blunt was best known for his poetry, which appeared in a collected edition in 1914, and also wrote political essays and polemics. He became additionally known for strongly anti-imperialist views that were relatively uncommon in his time.

Ali Pasha Sherif
Ali Pasha Mohamed Sherif (1834 – February 26, 1897) (alt spelling, from French Ali Pacha Chérif) was an Albanian-Egyptian government official and a renowned breeder of Arabian horses during the late 19th century.