hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom
"There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom: An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics" was a lecture given by physicist Richard Feynman at the annual American Physical Society meeting at Caltech on December 29, 1959.  Feynman considered the possibility of direct manipulation of individual atoms as a more robust form of synthetic chemistry than those used at the time. Versions of the talk were reprinted in a few popular magazines, but it went largely unnoticed until the 1980s.

The title references the popular quote "There is always room at the top." attributed to Daniel Webster (who is thought to have said this phrase in response to warnings against becoming a lawyer, which was seen as an oversaturated field in the 19th century).

American Physical Society
The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of knowledge of physics. It publishes more than a dozen scientific journals, including the prestigious Physical Review and Physical Review Letters, and organizes more than twenty science meetings each year. It is a member society of the American Institute of Physics. Since January 2021, it is led by chief executive officer Jonathan Bagger.
Brandon McManus
Brandon Tyler McManus (born July 25, 1991) is an American professional football kicker for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He was a member of the Denver Broncos and their Super Bowl 50 championship team. He played college football for the Temple Owls and was signed by the Indianapolis Colts as an undrafted free agent in 2013. McManus has also been a member of the New York Giants, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Washington Commanders.

Trevor Siemian
Trevor John Siemian (born December 26, 1991) is an American professional football quarterback. He played college football for the Northwestern Wildcats and was selected by the Denver Broncos in the seventh round of the 2015 NFL draft. Siemian was part of the Broncos when they won Super Bowl 50, serving as the third-string quarterback behind starter Peyton Manning and backup Brock Osweiler. He has also been a member of the Minnesota Vikings, New York Jets, Tennessee Titans, New Orleans Saints, Chicago Bears, and Cincinnati Bengals.
Jim Grabb
Jim Grabb (born April 14, 1964) is an American former professional tennis player. In doubles, he won the 1989 French Open and the 1992 US Open. He was ranked the world No. 1 doubles player in both 1989 and 1993. His best singles ranking of world No. 24, he achieved in 1990.

Mark Knowles
Mark Knowles (born 4 September 1971) is a Bahamian former professional tennis player and coach. He is a former world No. 1 in doubles. He won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in men's doubles, partnering with Daniel Nestor, as well as Wimbledon in mixed doubles. At various times between 2002 and 2005 he was ranked World No. 1 in doubles. He is a five-time Olympian.
Odysseas Elytis
Odysseas Elytis (/ɛˈliːtɪs/; Greek: Οδυσσέας Ελύτης [oðiˈseas eˈlitis], pen name of Odysseas Alepoudelis, Greek: Οδυσσέας Αλεπουδέλης; 2 November 1911 – 18 March 1996) was a Greek poet, man of letters, essayist and translator, regarded as the definitive exponent of romantic modernism in Greece and the world. He is one of the most praised poets of the second half of the twentieth century, with his Axion Esti "regarded as a monument of contemporary poetry". In 1979, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Kostis Palamas
Kostis Palamas (/pæləˈmɑːs/; Greek: Κωστής Παλαμάς [palaˈmas]; 13 January [O.S. 8 January] 1859 – 27 February 1943) was a Greek poet who wrote the words to the Olympic Hymn. He was a central figure of the Greek literary generation of the 1880s and one of the cofounders of the so-called New Athenian School (or Palamian School, or Second Athenian School) along with Georgios Drosinis and Ioannis Polemis.
Huddersfield Giants
The Huddersfield Giants are an English professional rugby league club from Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England. Huddersfield play their home games at the Accu Stadium and compete in Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Huddersfield Giants have won the League Championship seven times and Challenge Cup six times.

The club's home colours are claret and thin gold hooped shirt, claret shorts and claret and gold hooped socks. They have or have had rivalries with Leeds Rhinos, Bradford Bulls, Halifax, Oldham, Rochdale Hornets, Wakefield Trinity, Batley Bulldogs and Dewsbury Rams.

1934–35 Northern Rugby Football League season
The 1934–35 Rugby Football League season was the 40th season of rugby league football. A single league Championship was contested by twenty eight teams. The Challenge Cup was contested for the 35th time and the first European Championship took place between England, France and Wales.
M. Boyer
| death_date   = 30 May 2009(2009-05-30) (aged 78)
| death_place  = Raia, Goa, India
| years_active = c. 1948–2000s

| occupation   =

| awards       =

}}

Manuel Santana Aguiar (11 October 1930 – 30 May 2009), known professionally as M. Boyer, was an Indian singer, composer, playwright, and theatre director known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr (musical theatre) productions. He wrote, directed, and produced more than 35 plays, participated in over 5,000 performances, and composed and sang more than 1,000 songs. Aguiar also performed in major Indian cities, as well as in London, East Africa, and the Middle East.

Aguiar made a significant contribution to the Konkani stage, thereby enriching it and leaving his special mark on it. He has also been a source of inspiration for many other artists. He often left the stage to thundering applause from his audiences and pleas for an encore performance.

Patrick Dourado
Patrocicio "Patrick" Dourado (born 23 June 1939) is an Indian playwright, theatre director, singer, composer, and ghostwriter known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr (theatre) productions. In a career span of more than six decades, he has written scripts for more than 100 tiatrs, starting in 1957 at the age of 18.
Leeds Rhinos
The Leeds Rhinos are a professional rugby league club in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. The club play their home games at AMT Headingley Rugby Stadium and compete in the Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Leeds Rhinos have won the League Championship 11 times, Challenge Cup 14 times and World Club Challenge three times.

The club share big long-standing West Yorkshire Derby rivalries and City rival with Hunslet Rugby League Huddersfield Giants and Bradford Bulls. Leeds' traditional home colours are blue and amber shirts with white shorts and blue socks.

Kylie Leuluai
Kylie Leuluai (born 29 March 1978) is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer. A New Zealand Māori and Samoa international representative prop, he most notably played at club level for the Leeds Rhinos in the Super League. He also played club football in Australia for National Rugby League clubs; the Balmain Tigers, Wests Tigers, Sydney Roosters, Parramatta Eels, and the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles.

Leuluai was a massive part of the Leeds Rhinos success during his nine seasons at the club, winning a total of six Grand Finals, two World Club Challenges and two Challenge Cups in that time to make him the most successful overseas player in the club's history.
Alentejo Central
The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Alentejo Central (European Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu sẽˈtɾal]; "Intermunicipal Community of Central Alentejo") is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in 2009. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Évora, the main city. Other cities are Estremoz, Montemor-o-Novo, Vendas Novas and Reguengos de Monsaraz. Alentejo Central is coterminous with the former Évora District. The population in 2011 was 166,726, in an area of 7,393.46 km2.

Alentejo Central is also a NUTS3 subregion of Alentejo Region, in Portugal. Since January 2015, the NUTS 3 subregion covers the same area as the intermunicipal community.

Alentejo Litoral
The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Alentejo Litoral (European Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu lituˈɾal]; "Intermunicipal Community of Littoral Alentejo") is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in May 2009. It is also a NUTS3 subregion of the Alentejo Region. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Grândola. Alentejo Litoral comprises municipalities of both the Beja District and the Setúbal District. The population in 2011 was 97,925, in an area of 5,309.41 km2.
Sagadahoc County, Maine
Sagadahoc County (/ˈsæɡədəhɒk/ SAG-ə-də-hok) is a county located in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,699. Its county seat is Bath. It is the smallest county in Maine by area.

Sagadahoc County is part of the Portland–South Portland, ME Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Brunswick, Maine
Brunswick is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. Brunswick is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area. The population was 21,756 at the 2020 United States Census. Part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area, Brunswick is home to Bowdoin College, the Bowdoin International Music Festival, the Bowdoin College Museum of Art, the Peary–MacMillan Arctic Museum, and the Maine State Music Theatre. It was formerly home to the U.S. Naval Air Station Brunswick, which was permanently closed on May 31, 2011, and has since been partially released to redevelopment as "Brunswick Landing".
Loodhifa
Loodhifa (transl. Slipped) is a 2011 Maldivian crime tragedy drama film written and directed by Moomin Fuad. Produced by Hussain Nooradeen under Noor N Movies, the film stars an ensemble cast including Ismail Rasheed, Mohamed Rasheed, Ravee Farooq, Mariyam Afeefa and Fathimath Azifa in pivotal roles. The film was released on 13 February 2011. The film deals with current social issues in the society told from different perspectives of the characters. Prior to release, the film is marketed to be one of the most bold and risky movies released in the industry.

Hithey Dheymee
Hithey Dheymee is a 2011 Maldivian drama film directed by Amjad Ibrahim. Produced by Hussain Ibrahim, Ali Ibrahim and Amjad Ibrahim under Farivaa Films, the film stars Amira Ismail, Hussain Solah, Ali Ahmed, Fathimath Azifa and Aminath Shareef in pivotal roles. The film was released on 20 April 2011.
Anthology
In book publishing, an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler. It may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs, fiction or non-fiction excerpts. There are also thematic and genre-based anthologies. Complete collections of works are also called "complete works" or opera omnia in Latin.

Invisible Planets
Invisible Planets (or Invisible Planets: Contemporary Chinese Science Fiction in Translation) is a science-fiction anthology edited and translated by Ken Liu composed of thirteen short stories as well as three essays by different Chinese writers, namely Chen Qiufan, Xia Jia, Ma Boyong, Hao Jingfang, Tang Fei, Cheng Jingbo and Liu Cixin. It was published by Head of Zeus in March 2016. It contains the novelette "Folding Beijing", which won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette in 2016, which also marked the first time a Chinese woman has won the award.
Re, Piedmont
Re (Italian pronunciation: [rɛ]) is a village and comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, in the region of Piedmont, Italy, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Domodossola and 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the border with Switzerland.  It is situated on the Domodossola-Locarno railway and is home to a pilgrimage church.

Malesco
Malesco (Lombard: Malesch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Verbania, the provincial capital. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,478 and an area of 43.2 square kilometres (16.7 sq mi).

Malesco is the most populous comune in Val Vigezzo and has a station on the Domodossola–Locarno railway which runs along the valley. The neighbouring municipalities are: Cossogno, Craveggia, Re, Santa Maria Maggiore, Trontano, Valle Cannobina, Villette.
Order of the Yugoslav Crown
The Order of the Yugoslav Crown was instituted by King Alexander I of Yugoslavia on 5 April 1930, to commemorate his changing of the name of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

It continues as a dynastic order, with appointments currently made by Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia.

Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)
The Order of the White Eagle (Serbian: Орден Белог орла, romanized: Orden Belog orla) was a state order in the Kingdom of Serbia (1883–1918) and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1945).

It continues as a dynastic order, with appointments currently made by Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia.
Henna (film)
Henna is a 1991 Indian musical romantic drama film written by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, produced and directed by Randhir Kapoor. It stars Rishi Kapoor, along with Pakistani actress Zeba Bakhtiyar in the title role and Ashwini Bhave. The film was planned and started by director Raj Kapoor, but due to his death before the filming, it was shot by his eldest son Randhir. The dialogues of the film were written by the Pakistani writer Haseena Moin. The film was a major critical and commercial success and was also India's submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Prem Granth
Prem Granth (transl. Scripture of love) is an Indian Hindi-language film which was released in India on 24 May 1996. Directed by Rajiv Kapoor, the movie stars Rishi Kapoor and Madhuri Dixit and deals with the subject of rape. It serves as an adaptation of Thomas Hardy's English novel Tess of the d'Urbervilles.
Moesia
Moesia (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία, romanized: Moisía) was a Roman province situated in the Haemus  Peninsula, south of the Danube River. Created after the Danubian-Hæmus conquest during the reign of Augustus, Moesia included most of the territory of modern eastern Serbia, Kosovo, north-eastern Albania, northern parts of North Macedonia (Moesia Superior), Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobruja and small parts of Southern Ukraine (Moesia Inferior).

Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum
The praetorian prefecture of Illyricum (Latin: praefectura praetorio per Illyricum; Greek: ὑπαρχία τῶν πραιτωρίων τοῦ Ἰλλυρικοῦ, also termed the prefecture of Illyricum) was one of four praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided.

The administrative center of the prefecture was Sirmium from 375 to 379, then Thessalonica. The prefecture took its name from the older province of Illyricum, which in turn was named after ancient Illyria. In its greatest expanse it encompassed Pannonia, Noricum, Crete, and most of the Balkan peninsula except for Thrace.
Marx generator
A Marx generator is an electrical circuit first described by Erwin Otto Marx in 1924. Its purpose is to generate a high-voltage pulse from a low-voltage DC supply. Marx generators are used in high-energy physics experiments, as well as to simulate the effects of lightning on power-line gear and aviation equipment. A bank of 36 Marx generators is used by Sandia National Laboratories to generate X-rays in their Z Machine.

Pulsed power
Pulsed power is the science and technology of accumulating energy over a relatively long period of time and releasing it instantly, thus increasing the instantaneous power. They can be used in some applications such as food processing, water treatment, weapons, and medical applications.
Artist of Stardom Championship
The Artist of Stardom Championship (アーティスト・オブ・スターダム王座, Ātisuto Obu Sutādamu Ōza) is a professional wrestling six-woman tag team championship owned by World Wonder Ring Stardom. The title was first announced during Stardom's year-end event on December 24, 2012, and two days later its name was revealed as the "Artist of Stardom Championship", with a four-team one night single-elimination tournament announced to determine the inaugural champions. The current champions are H.A.T.E. (Konami, Rina, and Fukigen Death), who are in their first reign as a team, but third for Konami, first for Rina and fifth for Fukigen individually.

Piper Niven
Kimberly Benson (born 6 May 1991) is a Scottish professional wrestler. She is signed to WWE, where she performs on the SmackDown brand under the ring name Piper Niven, and is a member of The Green Regime stable.

Benson began her career on the UK independent circuit under the ring name Viper, also performing in the American independent promotion Shimmer Women Athletes and in Japan for World Wonder Ring Stardom. After participating in the 2017 Mae Young Classic, she was signed to a contract by WWE in 2019. She is a former one-time Artist of Stardom Champion, two-time ICW Women's Champion, one-time SWA World Champion, two-time WWE 24/7 Champion, and one-time WWE Women's Tag Team Champion.
Claude Louis Berthollet
Claude Louis Berthollet (French pronunciation: [klod lwi bɛʁtɔlɛ], 9 December 1748 – 6 November 1822) was a Savoyard-French chemist who became vice president of the French Senate in 1804. He is known for his scientific contributions to the theory of chemical equilibria via the mechanism of reverse chemical reactions, and for his contribution to modern chemical nomenclature. On a practical basis, Berthollet was the first to demonstrate the bleaching action of chlorine gas, and was first to develop a solution of sodium hypochlorite as a modern bleaching agent.

Joseph Fourier
Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (/ˈfʊrieɪ, -iər/; French: [ʒɑ̃ batist ʒozɛf fuʁje]; 21 March 1768 – 16 May 1830) was a French mathematician and physicist born in Auxerre, Burgundy and best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series, which eventually developed into Fourier analysis and harmonic analysis, and their applications to problems of heat transfer and vibrations. The Fourier transform and Fourier's law of conduction are also named in his honour. Fourier is also generally credited with the discovery of the greenhouse effect.
Charl Schwartzel
Charl Adriaan Schwartzel (/ʃɑːrl ˈʃwɔːrtsəl/ sharl SHWORT-səl; born 31 August 1984) is a South African professional golfer who currently plays in the LIV Golf Invitational Series and has previously played on the PGA Tour, European Tour and the Sunshine Tour. He has won one major title, the Masters in 2011. Schwartzel's highest world ranking has been number six, after finishing in a tie for fourth at the WGC-Cadillac Championship in 2012.

Brian Harman
Brian Eric Harman (born January 19, 1987) is an American professional golfer from Savannah, Georgia. He plays on the PGA Tour, on which he has won four tournaments, including a major championship victory at the 2023 Open Championship. He also finished as a runner-up at the 2017 U.S. Open. He plays left-handed.
McHenry County, Illinois
McHenry County is located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 Census, it had a population of 310,229, making it the sixth-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Woodstock. McHenry County is one of the five Illinois collar counties in the Chicago metropolitan area. Long known as a center of recreation along with agriculture in the western portion, it has recently experienced rapid rates of suburbanization, exurbanization and urbanization, but the western segment of the county remains primarily agricultural and rural.

Fox River (Illinois River tributary)
The Fox River is a 202-mile-long (325 km) tributary of the Illinois River, flowing from southeastern Wisconsin to Ottawa, Illinois in the United States. The Wisconsin section was known as the Pishtaka River in the 19th century. There is another Fox River in Wisconsin that flows through Lake Winnebago into Green Bay. There are also two other "Fox Rivers" in southern Illinois: the Fox River (Little Wabash tributary) and a smaller "Fox River" that joins the Wabash River near New Harmony, Indiana.

The Fox River (Illinois River tributary) is known locally as an excellent fishery with opportunities for smallmouth bass, flathead catfish, and walleye.  The river’s watershed encompasses 1,720 square miles (4,500 km2) in Illinois and 938 square miles (2,430 km2) in Wisconsin.
David Hewlett
David Ian Hewlett (born 18 April 1968) is a British and Canadian actor, writer and director, known for his role as Dr. Rodney McKay in the Stargate science-fiction franchise. He first gained fame for his roles as Grant Jansky in the Canadian TV series Traders (1996–2000) and as David Worth in the Canadian psychological horror film Cube (1997). He appeared in the horror film Pin (1988) and the science-fiction films Scanners II: The New Order (1991) and Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011).

Born in Redhill, Surrey, to Canadian parents, Hewlett holds British, Canadian and American citizenship.

Gabriel Hogan
Gabriel Hogan (born May 17, 1973) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his continuing role on the hit cable television firefighter comedy series Tacoma FD, CBC/Up TV/Netflix’s Heartland and the drama Condor.
Piombino
Piombino is an Italian town and comune of about 35,000 inhabitants in the province of Livorno, southern Tuscany. It lies on the border between the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea, in front of Elba Island and at the northern side of Maremma.

Campiglia Marittima
Campiglia Marittima is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Livorno in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Livorno. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Its toponym has been attested for the first time in 1004 as Campiglia and derives from the Latin campus ("field"). In 1862 the word marittima (from Latin Maritima) was added to underline its belonging to the Maremma, the area washed by Tyrrhenian Sea.
Ruan Xian
Ruan Xian (fl. 3rd century), courtesy name Zhongrong, was a Chinese scholar who lived in the Six Dynasties period. One of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, he was a skilled player of the Chinese lute, an old version of pipa which has been called ruan after his name since the Tang dynasty. His achievement in music reached such high as to be described as "divine understanding" in the Book of Jin. Ruan Xian had a Xianbei slave who gave birth to his son, Ruan Fu.

Xiang Xiu
Xiang Xiu (Chinese: 向秀) is one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove.

His most famous contribution is a commentary on the Zhuangzi, which was later used and amended by Guo Xiang. After his friend Xi Kang (Ji Kang) was killed by the ruling Jin dynasty, Xiang carefully interpreted his previous antagonistic words to the emperor, Sima Zhao in a new light. Thus he avoided the charge of treason, unlike his friend.

He wrote the work Xiang Xiu Biequan ("Separate Biography").