hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uriah A. Boyden
Uriah Atherton Boyden (February 17, 1804 – October 17, 1879) was an American civil and mechanical engineer and inventor from Foxborough, Massachusetts best known for the development of a water turbine, that later became known as the Boyden Turbine around 1844, while working for the Appleton Company in Lowell, Massachusetts. Boyden improved upon a turbine developed by French engineer Fourneyron by adding a conical approach passage for the incoming water—submerged diffusers, guide vanes and a diverting exit passage.

Uriah was also the younger brother of Seth Boyden, also a notable inventor who perfected a process for making patent leather, among other developments.

James Atherton (settler)
James Atherton (c. 1624–1710)  was an early settler and one of the founders of Lancaster, Massachusetts. He emigrated to the New England Colonies from the parish of Wigan, Lancashire, England, in 1635.
Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest of any Scandinavian monarch.

A member of the House of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark-Norway in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories.
He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.

Frederick IV of Denmark
Frederick IV (Danish: Frederik; 11 October 1671 – 12 October 1730) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1699 until his death. Frederick was the son of Christian V of Denmark-Norway and his wife Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel.
2000 UEFA Champions League final
The 2000 UEFA Champions League final was a football match that took place on 24 May 2000. The match was played at Stade de France in Saint-Denis, France, to determine the winner of the 1999–2000 UEFA Champions League. Spanish teams Real Madrid (playing in their eleventh final in the competition) and Valencia (in their maiden appearance at this stage) were the participants in the first final in the history of the European Cup or Champions League to feature two clubs from the same country.

Real Madrid won 3–0 to claim the trophy for a record-extending eighth time.

1958 European Cup final
The 1958 European Cup final was a football match played at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels, Belgium on 28 May 1958 as the conclusion to the 1957–58 European Cup.

The match was contested by two-time defending champions Real Madrid of Spain, the only previous team to win the competition, and AC Milan of Italy.

Despite twice being behind during the match, Real Madrid came from behind to win 3–2 after extra time as they successfully defended their title to lift the trophy for the third consecutive year.

After the match, the Real Madrid players were presented with their winners' medals by King Albert II of Belgium.
Yamagata Prefecture
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県, Yamagata-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. It has a population of 1,005,926 (1 February 2025) and an area of 9,325 km2 (3,600 sq mi). Its neighbours are Akita Prefecture to the north, Miyagi Prefecture to the east, Fukushima Prefecture to the south, and Niigata Prefecture to the southwest.

The capital and largest city is Yamagata, with other major cities being Tsuruoka, Sakata and Yonezawa. The prefecture is located on Japan's western Sea of Japan coast and its borders with neighboring prefectures are formed by various mountain ranges, with 17% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Yamagata Prefecture formed the southern half of the historic Dewa Province with Akita Prefecture and is home to the Three Mountains of Dewa, which includes the Haguro Five-story Pagoda, a recognised National Treasure of Japan.

Ōu Main Line
The Ōu Main Line (Japanese: 奥羽本線, Hepburn: Ōu-honsen) is a railway line in Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Fukushima Station through Akita Station to Aomori Station. Since the opening of the Yamagata Shinkansen on July 1, 1992, the Fukushima–Yamagata section (as well as the Yamagata–Shinjō section since 1999) is sometimes referred to as the Yamagata Line (山形線, Yamagata-sen). The name of the line as a whole refers to the ancient provinces of Mutsu (陸奥) and Dewa (出羽), as it connects both ends of Mutsu by passing north–south through Dewa.
Skaraborg Regiment (armoured)
The Skaraborg Regiment (Swedish: Skaraborgs regemente), designation P 4, is a Swedish Army armoured regiment that traces its origins back to the 16th century. It was converted from an infantry regiment in 1942. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Skaraborg County, and it is currently garrisoned in Skövde, in the former Skaraborg County.

Södermanland Regiment (armoured)
The Södermanland Regiment (Swedish: Södermanlands regemente), designated P 10 or P 3 and P 10/Fo 43, was an armored regiment of the Swedish Army with its roots in the 17th century, and was located in Strängnäs. The regiment was deactivated in 2004 and its assets were funneled into other parts of the military. Its life company was transferred to the Södermanland Group of the Home Guard, making the Södermanland Group the only Home Guard unit with such a company.
Night Heat
Night Heat is a Canadian police crime drama series that aired on both CTV in Canada and CBS in the United States.  Original episodes were broadcast from 1985 to 1989. Night Heat was the first Canadian original drama series that was simultaneously aired on an American television network during its original broadcast. It was also the first original, first-run drama series to be aired during a late night time slot on a television network in the United States.

During its original run it was the highest-rated Canadian-produced original series in Canada. The show won the Gemini Award for Best Drama Series in both 1986 and 1987.

The show stars Scott Hylands and Jeff Wincott as police detectives Kevin O'Brien and Frank Giambone who work the graveyard shift in an unnamed northeastern North American metropolis. The series follows their nightly police beat as it is chronicled by journalist Tom Kirkwood (Allan Royal) in his newspaper column titled "Night Heat".

Hot Shots (Canadian TV series)
Hot Shots is a Canadian television drama series, which aired on CBS in the United States in 1986, and CTV in Canada in 1987.

The series, produced by CTV for the CBS Late Night block of crime drama series, starred Dorothy Parke and Booth Savage as Amanda Reed and Jake West, crime journalists for the tabloid magazine Crime World. The cast also included Paul Burke, Clark Johnson, Heather Smith, and Mung Ling.

Only thirteen episodes of the show were produced. Its producers went on to create Diamonds the following year.
Patty Sheehan
Patty Sheehan (born October 27, 1956) is an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1980 and won six major championships and 35 LPGA Tour events in all. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.

Sheehan also hosts the Patty Sheehan & Friends, which is a tournament on the Legends Tour. Patty Sheehan & Friends helps aid women and children's charities all across Northern Nevada.

Meg Mallon
Meg Mallon (born April 14, 1963) is an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1987 and won 18 LPGA Tour events, including four major championships, during her career. Mallon was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2017.
Das Lied von der Erde
Das Lied von der Erde (The song of the Earth) is an orchestral work for two voices and orchestra written by Gustav Mahler between 1908 and 1909. Described as a symphony when published, it comprises six movements for a large orchestra and two singers as the soloist alternating in the movements. Mahler specified that the two singers should be a tenor and an alto, or else a tenor and a baritone if an alto is not available.

Mahler composed this work following the most painful period in his life, and the songs address themes such as those of living, parting and salvation. On the centenary of Mahler's birth, the composer and prominent Mahler conductor Leonard Bernstein described Das Lied von der Erde as Mahler's "greatest symphony". As with his later Symphony No. 9, Mahler did not live to hear Das Lied von der Erde performed.

Des Knaben Wunderhorn (Mahler)
Des Knaben Wunderhorn (The Boy’s Magic Horn) is a series of songs with music by Gustav Mahler, set either for voice and piano, or for voice and orchestra, based on texts of German folk poems chosen from a collection of the same name assembled by Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano and published by them, in heavily redacted form, between 1805 and 1808.

Ten songs set for soprano or baritone and orchestra were first published by Mahler as a cycle in 1905, but in total 12 orchestral songs exist, and a similar number of songs for voice and piano.
Bahrain women's national football team
The Bahrain women's national football team represents Bahrain in international women's football, and falls under the governance of the Bahrain Football Association, more specifically run by the women's committee at the association. Although having participated in several friendly tournaments, the team played its first official international match against the Maldives on April 22, 2007 and entered the FIFA Women's World Rankings in June 2007 at 111th out of 142 countries.

Jordan women's national football team
The Jordan women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب الأردن لكرة القدم للسيدات) is the official women's national football team of the country of Jordan. The team was established in 2005, and is controlled by the Jordan Football Association (JFA), the governing body for football in Jordan.

While the team has yet to qualify for the FIFA Women's World Cup, they took part in the AFC Women's Asian Cup in 2014 and 2018, failing to qualify past the group stage on both occasions. Jordan are regulars at the WAFF Women's Championship, which they have won a record six titles, and have taken part in the Arab Women's Cup, which they won in 2021.
Ethology
Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of the Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and the Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology.

Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism is the ascribing or depicition of human form, personality, or attributes to non-human entities, often including non-human animals. In fiction, it is specifically the endowing of non-human characters with human-like behaviors, speech, facial expressions, etc; common examples include talking animals, talking trees, anthropomorphized food, and sentient toys.

As a general human tendency, anthropomorphism is considered innate to human psychology. Personification, which usually refers to a literary device, is the related attribution of human form and characteristics to non-animal organisms, inanimate objects, or abstract concepts such as nations, emotions, and natural forces like weather or the seasons. Both have ancient roots as storytelling and artistic devices, and most cultures have traditional fables with anthropomorphized animals as characters. People have also routinely attributed human emotions and behavioral traits to wild as well as domesticated animals.
Winter X Games XV
Winter X Games XV (styled as Winter X Games Fifteen in the official logo) were held from January 26 to January 30, 2011, in Aspen, Colorado. They are the 10th consecutive Winter X Games to be held in Aspen. The events were broadcast on ESPN.

Winter X Games XVI
Winter X Games XVI (re-titled Winter X Games Aspen'12; styled as Winter X Games Sixteen in the official logo) were held from January 26 to January 29, 2012, in Aspen, Colorado. They were the 11th consecutive Winter X Games to be held in Aspen. The events were broadcast on ESPN. The following year, the Winter X Games were held in two international cities: Aspen, Colorado and Tignes, France.
Armour of God (film)
Armour of God (Chinese: 龍兄虎弟; Jyutping: Lung4 hing1 fu2 dai6  lit. 'Big Brother Dragon, Little Brother Tiger') is a 1986 Hong Kong action adventure comedy film starring and directed by Jackie Chan, and written by Chan, John Sheppard and Eric Tsang (who also co-directed). It co-stars Alan Tam, Lola Forner, and Rosamund Kwan.

The film combines Chan's martial arts, comedy and stunts with an Indiana Jones-style adventure film theme. It is deemed a cult classic. Chan came the closest he had ever been to death in this film during a relatively routine stunt; he leaped onto a tree from a ledge, but the branch he grabbed snapped, sending Chan plummeting and cracking his skull.

The film was the highest-grossing film in Hong Kong at the time, grossing an estimated US$16,300,000 (equivalent to $47,000,000 in 2024) at the box office in Asia and Europe. It was followed by the sequels Armour of God II: Operation Condor in 1991, and CZ12 in 2012.

Drunken Master II
Drunken Master II (Chinese: 醉拳二; Cantonese Yale: Jui Kuen II) is a 1994 Hong Kong action-comedy kung fu film directed by Lau Kar-leung and starring Jackie Chan as Chinese martial arts master and a Cantonese folk hero, Wong Fei-hung. It was Chan's first traditional style martial arts film since Fearless Hyena Part II (1983). The film was released in North America as The Legend of Drunken Master in 2000.

The film is a sequel to Chan's 1978 film Drunken Master, directed by Yuen Woo-ping. Another film, Drunken Master III (1994, directed by Lau Kar-Leung) features little in common with either this or its predecessor, and is not considered a sequel. In 2005, Drunken Master II was named one of the top 100 best films of all time by Time magazine. In 2015, the British Film Institute (BFI) selected Drunken Master II as one of the ten best action movies of all time.
Hull classification symbol
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol (sometimes called hull code or hull number) to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.

List of unclassified miscellaneous vessels of the United States Navy
The IX (unclassified–miscellaneous) hull classification symbol is used for ships of the United States Navy that do not fit into one of the standard categories. Similar lists of 'miscellaneous' ships can found at

List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy § Miscellaneous ships (AG, T-AG)

and

List of yard and district craft of the United States Navy § District auxiliary, miscellaneous (YAG).

Ship status is indicated as either currently active [A] (including ready reserve), inactive [I], or precommissioning [P]. Ships in the inactive category include only ships in the inactive reserve, ships which have been disposed from US service have no listed status. Ships in the precommissioning category include ships under construction or on order; IX ships are generally not ordered as such, but are rather converted from other roles.
California mixed evergreen forest
California mixed evergreen forest in the Santa Cruz Mountains

California mixed evergreen forest is a plant community found in the mountain ranges of California and southwestern Oregon.

The Mixed evergreen forest plant community is native to the Northern and Southern California Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada of central and northern California; the Transverse Ranges and Peninsular Ranges of southern California; and the southwestern Oregon Coast Ranges.

California mixed evergreen forests occur in ecoregions of the California Floristic Province, including in areas of the California chaparral and woodlands and its sub-ecoregions, Klamath-Siskiyou Mountains forests, Northern California coastal forests, and Sierra Nevada lower montane forest. The mixed evergreen forests of each ecoregion have slightly different species composition.

California interior chaparral and woodlands
The California interior chaparral and woodlands ecoregion covers 64,000 square kilometres (24,900 sq mi) in an elliptical ring around the California Central Valley. It is part of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, with cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Temperatures within the coast can range from 53° to 65 °F and 32° to 60 °F within the mountains. Many plant and animal species in this ecoregion are adapted to periodic fire.
Thomas Scot
Thomas Scot (or Scott; died 17 October 1660) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1645 and 1660. He was one of the men who signed the death warrant of Charles I and was executed as one of the king's regicides.

Gregory Clement
Gregory Clement (1594 – 17 October 1660) was an English Member of Parliament (MP) and one of Charles I's regicides, who was tried for treason, found guilty, and hanged, drawn and quartered on 17 October 1660.

Gregory Clement and his wife Martha Spaight had two sons documented as reaching adulthood. No confirmed record of either son has been discovered after 1660 and no confirmed record of either having descendants.
Upma
Upma, uppumavu, uppindi, kharabath, upit, upeet, rulanv, uppuma, or uppittu is a dish of thick porridge from dry-roasted semolina or coarse rice flour. Upma originated from Southern India, and is most common in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and Telangana. Various seasonings and vegetables may be added during cooking.

Like many South Indian dishes, upma has also become part of Sri Lankan culinary habits (particularly those of Sri Lankan Tamils) since the late 20th century, through the Indian influence.

Idiyappam
Idiyappam, also known as indiappa, noolappam, noolputtu, sheveo, santhagai, or ottu shavige, is a string hopper dish originating from southern India. It consists of rice flour pressed into noodles, laid into a flat disc-like shape and steamed. The dish also spread to Southeast Asia
Stephanie Beckert
Stephanie Beckert  (born 30 May 1988) is a long-distance speed skater from Germany. She had a fourth place standing at the 2008–09 women's 3000/5000 m World Cup. At the 2010 Winter Olympics she won one gold and two silver medals.

Her mother Angela and five younger brothers and sisters all did speed skating, and one of the brothers, Patrick, competed at the 2010 Olympics. Her father Detlef is a retired handball player. Stephanie first trained in figure skating, but at the age of 10 switched to speed skating. Since October 2006 Beckert is serving in the German Army and has a rank of sergeant.

Jilleanne Rookard
Jilleanne Rookard (born January 9, 1983, in Wyandotte, Michigan) is a former speed skater who has competed since 2006. She was named to the U.S. team for the 2010 Winter Olympics. She reached the 12th place in the 3000m in a time of 4:13.05 and 8th place in the 5000m with a time of 7:07.48. She now plays Roller Derby with Detroit Roller Derby.
Kežmarok
Kežmarok (German: Kesmark or Käsmark; Hungarian: Késmárk, Rusyn: Кежмарок, Yiddish: קעזמאַרק, romanized: Kezmark, Polish: Kieżmark) is a town in the Spiš region of eastern Slovakia (population 16,000), on the Poprad River. Before World War I, it was in Szepes county in the Kingdom of Hungary.

Spišská Nová Ves
Spišská Nová Ves (Slovak pronunciation: [spiʃskaː nɔvaː ves] ⓘ; Hungarian: Igló; German: (Zipser) Neu(en)dorf) is a town in the Košice Region of Slovakia. The town is located southeast of the High Tatras in the Spiš region, and lies on both banks of the Hornád River. It is the biggest town of the Spišská Nová Ves District.

Tourist attractions nearby include the medieval town of Levoča, Spiš Castle, and the Slovak Paradise National Park. A biennial music festival, Divertimento musicale, is held here, attracting amateur music ensembles from all over Slovakia.
Patti Smith
Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, poet, painter, author, and photographer. Her 1975 debut album Horses made her an influential member of the New York City–based punk rock movement. Smith has fused rock and poetry in her work. In 1978, her most widely known song, "Because the Night," co-written with Bruce Springsteen, reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number five on the UK Singles Chart.

In 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. In 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In November 2010, Smith won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids, written to fulfill a promise she made to Robert Mapplethorpe, her longtime partner and friend. She is ranked 47th on Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of all Time, published in 2010, and was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2011.

Natalie Merchant
Natalie Anne Merchant (born October 26, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter. She joined the band 10,000 Maniacs in 1981 and was lead vocalist and primary lyricist for the group. She remained with the group for their first seven albums before leaving to begin her solo career in 1993. She has since released nine studio albums as a solo artist.
B-Boy (wrestler)
Benito "Benny" Cuntapay (born December 29, 1978) is a Filipino American professional wrestler better known by his ring name, B-Boy. He is best known for his work in the independent circuit, where he worked in promotions like Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Jersey All Pro Wrestling (JAPW) or Wrestling Society X (WSX). He is a CZW World Heavyweight Champion, one-time CZW Iron Man Champion and three-times PWG World Tag Team Champion (once with Homicide and twice with Super Dragon). He also won the CZW 2003 Best of the Best tournament and the PWG 2004 Tango & Cash Invitational tournament with Homicide. He also wrestled as Bael for Lucha Underground, but was killed by Matanza as part of the storyline.

Sami Callihan
Samuel Alton Johnston (born September 1, 1987), better known by the ring name Sami Callihan, is an American retired professional wrestler and promoter. He is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) as the Director of Live Events. He also wrestled for Lucha Underground under the ring names Jeremiah Crane, and later, Jeremiah Snake, and in WWE under the ring name Solomon Crowe.

He worked for several independent promotions throughout the United States. He found most success in Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW) and Major League Wrestling (MLW), but has also wrestled for Dragon Gate USA, Evolve, Ring of Honor, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, Full Impact Pro, and All American Wrestling. In CZW, he held the CZW Iron Man Championship, the CZW Ultraviolent Underground Championship, and the CZW World Junior Heavyweight Championship, and won the 2012 Best of the Best tournament. He also runs an independent wrestling promotion called The Wrestling Revolver.