hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Molossus (bat)
Molossus is a genus of bats. The genus contains ten species with a New World distribution from Mexico in the north to northern Argentina at its most southerly limit. Four of these species have distributions that include various islands in the West Indies such as Puerto Rico or Trinidad.

The genus belongs to a group commonly referred to as free-tailed bats. Its name is from the ancient Molossus breed of shepherd dog.

Mormopterus
Mormopterus is a genus of molossid microchiropterans, small flying mammals referred to as free-tailed bats. The genus has been the subject of several revisions, and the diversity of taxa centred on Australia were separated to a new genus Ozimops, and two monotypic genera, Setirostris and Micronomus. The species of Mormopterus, in this stricter sense, are only found in areas outside of Australia and West Papua.
Standard-gauge railway
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in). The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with about 60% of the lines in the world using it.

All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except those in Russia, Finland, Uzbekistan, and some line sections in Spain. The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm except in the United States, Canada, and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in U.S. customary/British Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches", which is equivalent to 1,435.1 mm.

Hellenic Railways Organisation
The Hellenic Railways Organisation or OSE (Greek: Οργανισμός Σιδηροδρόμων Ελλάδος, romanized: Organismos Sidirodromon Ellados or Greek: Ο.Σ.Ε.) was the Greek national railway company which owned, maintained and operated all railway infrastructure in Greece with the exception of Athens' rapid transit lines from 1971 to 2025. Services on these lines are run by Hellenic Train, a former OSE subsidiary, Rail Cargo Logistics Goldair, Pearl and Grup Feroviar Român.
L'Oréal
L'Oréal S.A. (French: [lɔʁe.al]) is a French multinational personal care corporation registered in Paris and headquartered in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine. As of 2024, it is the world's largest cosmetics company. As of the early 2020s, L'Oréal owned 36 brands and 497 patents.

Reckitt
Reckitt, officially Reckitt Benckiser Group PLC, is a British multinational consumer goods company headquartered in Slough, United Kingdom. It manufactures health, hygiene, and nutrition products.

Reckitt's brands include the antiseptic brand Dettol, the analgesic Disprin, the sore throat medicine Strepsils, the toilet cleaner Harpic, the hair removal brand Veet, the immune support supplement Airborne, the Australian insecticide brand Mortein, the indigestion remedy Gaviscon, the baby food brand Mead Johnson, the air freshener Air Wick, and other brands and products like: Calgon, Clearasil, Cillit Bang, Durex, Lysol, Mycil, Enfamil, and Vanish.

The company was formed in 1999 by the merger of British company Reckitt & Colman plc and Dutch company Benckiser N.V. Following the merger, the company was known as Reckitt Benckiser until 2021.
Chief of Defence (Sweden)
The Chief of Defence (Swedish: överbefälhavaren; acronym: ÖB), formerly referred to in English as the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces, is the highest ranked professional military officer in the Swedish Armed Forces. The chief of defence is the agency head of the Swedish Armed Forces and formally reports to the Government of Sweden, though normally through the minister for defence. The primary responsibilities and duties of the chief of defence (and the charter for the Armed Forces) are prescribed in an ordinance issued by the Government.

The present Chief of Defence, General Michael Claesson, took office on 1 October 2024. His appointment marked the adoption of the title "chief of defence" in English-language usage, in line with NATO terminology.

Maritime Component Command
Maritime Component Command (Swedish: Marinens taktiska stab, MTS) was a part of the Joint Forces Command of the Swedish Armed Forces. The staff was located at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in Stockholm and is headed by the Chief of Navy. The Maritime Component Command commanded the operations of the Swedish Navy forces.
Terence Weil
Terence Weil (9 December 1921 in London – 25 February 1995 in Figueras) was a British cellist, principal cellist of the English Chamber Orchestra, a founding member of the Melos Ensemble, a leading chamber musician and an influential teacher at the Royal Northern College of Music.

Introduction and Allegro (Ravel)
Introduction and Allegro for Harp, Flute, Clarinet and String Quartet (Introduction et allegro pour harpe, flûte, clarinette et quatuor) is a chamber work by Maurice Ravel. It is a short piece, typically lasting between ten and eleven minutes in performance. It was commissioned in 1905 by the Érard harp manufacturers to showcase their instruments, and has been described as a miniature harp concerto. The premiere was in Paris on 22 February 1907.

The work has been arranged for piano and for large orchestral forces but the version for seven instruments is usually performed, and has been recorded many times. Harpists who have featured in recordings include Lily Laskine, Nicanor Zabaleta, Osian Ellis, Markus Klinko, Lavinia Meijer and Marie-Pierre Langlamet.
Philipp Kohlschreiber
Philipp Eberhard Hermann Kohlschreiber (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪlɪp ˈkoːlʃʁaɪbɐ]; born 16 October 1983) is a German former professional tennis player. The right-hander won eight singles and seven doubles titles on the ATP World Tour and made the quarterfinals at the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 16 in July 2012.

Leonardo Mayer
Leonardo Martín Mayer (Spanish: [leoˈnaɾðo maɾˈtim ˈmaʝeɾ], German: [ˈmaɪɐ]; born May 15, 1987) is a tennis coach and a former professional player from Argentina. Mayer achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 21 in June 2015 and world No. 48 in doubles in January 2019.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Municipalities (German: Gemeinden, Einwohnergemeinden or politische Gemeinden; French: communes; Italian: comuni; Romansh: vischnancas) are the lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of the Swiss cantons, which form the Swiss Confederation. In most cantons, municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions.

There are 2,110 municipalities as of January 2026. Their populations range between several hundred thousand (Zürich), and a few dozen people (Kammersrohr, Bister), and their territory between 0.32 km² (Rivaz) and 439 km² (Scuol).

Büren zum Hof
Büren zum Hof was a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Grafenried, Limpach, Mülchi, Schalunen and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.
Lady Washington
Lady Washington is a ship name shared by at least four vessels.  The original sailed during the American Revolutionary War and harassed British shipping.  Another vessel was used as a merchant trading vessel in the Pacific. A somewhat updated modern replica was created in 1989. The replica has appeared in numerous films and television shows, standing in as other real or fictional ships.

William Douglas (sea captain)
William Douglas (died 1791) was a Scottish ship captain and an oceanographer maritime fur trader during the late 18th century. He worked with the British trader and Captain John Meares, commanding the ship Iphigenia Nubiana. He was involved in the Nootka Crisis of 1789, which brought Britain and Spain to the brink of war. A few years later he was captain of the American ship Grace. In 1791 he partnered with Captain John Kendrick in an attempt to open trade with Japan.
HMS Phoenix (1694)
HMS Phoenix was built as a fireship as part of the 1693–94 programme of Fireships. After her commissioning she spent time in the English Channel then joined the Fleet for the Battle of Vigo Bay followed by the Battle of Velez-Malaga. She went aground in the Isles of Scilly and was salvaged. While laid up at Plymouth in 1708 was rebuilt as a 24-gun sixth rate. After recommissioning she spent her time in Home Waters, North America and the West Indies. She was rebuilt again in 1727 before finally being sold in 1744.

Phoenix was the seventh named ship since it was used for a 20-gun ship purchased in 1546, rebuilt in 1558 and sold in 1573.

Francis Leslie
Francis Leslie (fl. 1717-1718, last name occasionally Lesley) was a pirate active in the Caribbean. He is best known as one of the leaders of the "Flying Gang" of pirates operating out of New Providence.
Xu Bing
Xu Bing (Chinese: 徐冰; pinyin: Xú Bīng; born 1955) is a Chinese artist who served as vice-president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. He is known for his printmaking skills and installation art, as well as his creative artistic use of language, words, and text and how they have affected our understanding of the world. He is an A.D. White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University. He was awarded the MacArthur Fellows Program in 1999 and the Fukuoka Prize in 2003.

Song Dong
Song Dong (Chinese: 宋冬, born 1966) is a Chinese contemporary artist, active in sculpture, installations, performance, photography and video. He has been involved in many solo and group exhibitions around the world, covering a range of themes and topics including his relationship with his family and their experience of living in modern China (the topic of his widely exhibited installation Waste Not), the transformation of China's urban environment and the impermanence of change.
Northern Region (Ghana)
The Northern Region is one of the sixteen regions of Ghana. It is situated in the northern part of the country and ranks as the second largest of the sixteen regions. Before its division, it covered an area of 25,000 square kilometres, representing 10 percent of Ghana's area. In December 2018, the Savannah Region and North East Region were created from it.  The Northern Region is divided into 16 districts. The region's capital is Tamale,  Ghana's third-largest city.

Bono Region
The Bono region is one of the 16 administrative regions of Ghana. It is as a result of the remainder of Brong-Ahafo region when Bono East region and Ahafo region were created. Sunyani, also known as the green city of Ghana, is the regional capital. Sunyani can pride itself as the cleanest capital city and a major conference destination.
Otto Strasser
Otto Johann Maximilian Strasser (also German: Straßer, see ß; 10 September 1897 – 27 August 1974) was a German politician and an early member of the Nazi Party. Otto Strasser, together with his brother Gregor Strasser, was a leading member of the party's more radical wing, whose ideology became known as Strasserism, and broke from the party due to disputes with the dominant Hitlerite faction. He formed the Black Front, a group intended to split the Nazi Party and take it from the grasp of Hitler. During his exile and World War II, this group also functioned as a secret opposition group.

Panzerbär
Der Panzerbär—Kampfblatt für die Verteidiger Gross-Berlins ("The Armored Bear—Battle Sheet for the Defenders of Greater Berlin") was a German daily tabloid newspaper printed in the final days of the European theater of World War II in Berlin.

It was produced by the Reich Ministry of Propaganda and published by the Ullstein-Verlag. It only appeared seven times altogether between 23 and 29 April 1945. Its logo was a standing bear, referring to the coat of arms of Berlin, holding a shovel and a Panzerfaust anti-tank weapon on its shoulders. It reported on and provided Nazi propaganda regarding the Battle of Berlin against the Soviet Red Army.
Cardinal Vicar
Cardinal vicar (Italian: Cardinale Vicario) is a title commonly given to the vicar general of the Diocese of Rome for the portion of the diocese within Italy (i.e. excluding the portion within Vatican City). The official title, as given in the Annuario Pontificio, is vicar general of His Holiness.

The bishop of Rome is responsible for the spiritual administration of this diocese, but because the bishop of Rome is the pope, with many other responsibilities, he appoints a cardinal vicar with ordinary power to assist in this task. Canon law requires all Catholic dioceses to have one or more vicars general, but the cardinal vicar functions more like a de facto diocesan bishop than do other vicars general. The holder has usually been a cardinal.

A similar position exists to administer the spiritual needs of the Vatican City, known as the vicar general for Vatican City or, more exactly, Vicar General of His Holiness for Vatican City.

Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia
The Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia is an ecclesiastical territory located within the Metropolitan City of Rome in Italy. It is one of the seven suburbicarian dioceses. The incumbent bishop is Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re. For centuries, its bishop has been the dean of the College of Cardinals. Its cathedral is Santa Aurea.

From 1105 to 1914, the diocese was merged with the Suburbicarian Diocese of Velletri. In 1962, the Diocese of Ostia was brought under the direct administration of the Diocese of Rome. Its territory is restricted to the single cathedral parish of Santa Aurea.
Universitario de Sucre
Club Deportivo Universitario San Francisco Xavier is a professional football team based in Sucre, Bolivia, that competes in the Bolivian Primera División.

The club has two titles in its history and also has three international appearances in continental tournaments of South America, one in the Copa Libertadores and two in the Copa Sudamericana, the most notable in the 2010 season of that tournament, finishing in the Round of 16.

Universitario's home matches are played at Estadio Olímpico Patria since 1992, the complex count with 32,000 spectators. The also club is owned by the Sucre's public academy, University of Saint Francis Xavier of Chuquisaca.

La Paz F.C.
La Paz Fútbol Club, also known as La Paz F.C., was a professional football (soccer) team from La Paz, that played in the La Paz Regional League. Formerly known as Atlético González, the team gained promotion to the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano in 2003 and competed in first division until relegation in 2013.
Ord Victoria Plain
The Ord Victoria Plain, an interim Australian bioregion, is located in the Northern Territory and Western Australia, comprising 12,540,703 hectares (30,988,750 acres).

The bioregion draws its name from the Ord River and the Victoria River.

Gulf Plains
The Gulf Plains, an interim Australian bioregion (IBRA), is located in the Northern Territory and Queensland, comprising 22,041,825 hectares (54,466,540 acres). It is one of 89 such bioregions defined in Australia, with 419 subregions as of IBRA version 7, compared with the 85 bioregions and 403 subregions described in IBRA6.1.

The code for the bioregion is GUP.
Borongan
Borongan, officially the City of Borongan (Waray: Siyudad han Borongan;  Filipino: Lungsod ng Borongan), is a  component city and capital of the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 71,431 people.

It is the most populous LGU in Eastern Samar and it is also nicknamed as the "City of the Golden Sunrise/Sunshine" and aspiring to be the "King City of the East". Its cityhood was settled by the Supreme Court of the Philippines when it decided with finality on April 12, 2007, the constitutionality of its city charter, Republic Act 9394, which conferred upon and elevated the status of the municipality of Borongan into a component city of the province of Eastern Samar.

Bogo, Cebu
Bogo [boˈɡo], officially the City of Bogo (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Bogo; Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa sang Bogo; Filipino: Lungsod ng Bogo), is a component city in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 90,187 people.
Beeston, Leeds
Beeston is a suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, located on a hill about 2 miles (3 km) south of the city centre.

The origins of Beeston can be traced back to the medieval period. It remained a small settlement until the latter part of the Victorian era when it became a primarily residential area for people working in Leeds and surrounding industrial areas like Holbeck and Hunslet.

At the time of the 2011 Census, Beeston had a population of 22,187 (which included Holbeck). Some parts of the area, around Cross Flatts Park, suffer from relatively high levels of deprivation, while areas to the centre and south are generally considered more affluent.  Beeston is home to the Leeds United football club stadium on Elland Road and Hunslet rugby league club.

Leeds City Council
Leeds City Council is the local authority of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. Leeds has had a council since 1626, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the second most populous local government district in the United Kingdom with approximately 800,000 inhabitants living within its area; only Birmingham City Council has more. Since 1 April 2014, it has been a constituent council of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Leeds Civic Hall and has its main offices at Merrion House.
Ram Kumar (artist)
Ram Kumar (23 September 1924 – 14 April 2018) was an Indian artist and writer who has been described as one of India's foremost abstract painters. He was associated with the Progressive artists' group along with greats like M.F. Hussain, Tyeb Mehta, S.H. Raza. He is said to be one of the first Indian artists to give up figurativism for abstract art. His art commands high prices in the domestic and international market. His work "The Vagabond" fetched $1.1 million at Christie's, setting another world record for the artist.
He is also one of the few Indian Modernist masters accomplished in writing as well as painting.

Sadanand Bakre
Sadanand Bakre (S. K. Bakre) (10 November 1920 – 18 December 2007) was an Indian painter and sculptor.

Bakre was born in Baroda, and was one of the founders of the Bombay Progressive Artists' Group, the pioneers of modern art in India. In 1951, he went to Britain, where he soon gave up sculpture and concentrated on painting. He had a one-man exhibition at the Commonwealth Institute (1951), another at Gallery One (1959), and four at the Nicholas Treadwell Gallery (1969–1975).

Bakre returned to India in 1975. In his later years he became a recluse, but he received a lifetime achievement award from the Bombay Art Society in 2004. He died from a heart attack in Murud-Harnai in the Ratnagiri district in 2007.
Edward Appleton
Sir Edward Victor Appleton (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) was a British physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1947 for his contributions to the knowledge of the ionosphere, which led to the development of radar and shortwave radio.

Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (United Kingdom)
The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) was a department of the British Government responsible for the organisation, development, and encouragement of scientific and industrial research between 1916 and 1965.

Between 1916 and 1959 DSIR was headed by the Lord President of the Privy Council. This changed in 1959 with the creation of the position of Minister for Science. In 1964 this position was merged with the Minister of Education to create the position of Secretary of State for Education and Science. In 1964 both the Department of Education and Science and the Ministry of Technology were established and DSIR was formally abolished in 1965.
DAF Trucks
DAF Trucks is a Dutch truck manufacturing company and a division of Paccar. DAF originally stood for van Doorne's Aanhangwagen Fabriek. Its headquarters and main plant are in Eindhoven. Cabs and axle assemblies are produced at its Westerlo plant in Belgium. Some of the truck models sold with the DAF brand are designed and built by Leyland Trucks at its Leyland plant in the United Kingdom.

Volvo Trucks
Volvo Trucks (Swedish: Volvo Lastvagnar, pronounced [ˈvɔlːvʊ ˈlastˌvɑŋːnar])  is a truck manufacturing division of Volvo based in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Volvo Trucks was a separate company within Volvo. The Volvo Group was reorganised on 1 January 2012 and as a part of the process, Volvo Trucks ceased to be a separate company and was instead incorporated into Volvo Group Trucks along Volvo's other truck operations, as Renault Trucks and Mack Trucks.

The first Volvo truck rolled off the production lines in 1928, and in 2016 Volvo Trucks employed more than 52,000 people around the world. With global headquarters in Gothenburg, Sweden, Volvo manufactures and assembles its trucks in eight wholly owned assembly plants and nine factories owned by local interests. Volvo Trucks produces and sells over 190,000 units annually.
Bani Walid
Bani Walid (Anglicized: /ˈbæniː wɑːˈliːd/; Arabic: بني وليد, romanized: Banī Walīd, Libyan pronunciation: [ˈbæni wæˈliːd]) is a city in Libya located in the   Tripoli Region  . Prior to 2007, it was the capital of Sof-Aljeen District. Bani Walid has an airport. Under the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, it was divided into two Basic People's Congresses: Dahra – Bani Walid (الظهرة – بني وليد), and Zaytouna – Bani Walid (الزيتونة – بني وليد).

It is the home to the Warfalla tribe, the only city in which only one tribe resides. A campus of Bani Walid University is located in Bani Walid.

Killing of Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Gaddafi, the former leader of Libya, was killed by the National Transitional Council (NTC) on 20 October 2011 after the Battle of Sirte. Gaddafi was captured by NTC forces and summarily executed shortly afterwards.

The NTC initially claimed Gaddafi succumbed to injuries sustained in a firefight when loyalist forces attempted to free him, although a video of his last moments shows rebel fighters dragging Gaddafi out of a drainage pipe, beating him and one of them sodomizing him with a bayonet before he was shot several times.

The killing of Gaddafi was criticized as a violation of international law. Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch called for an independent autopsy and an investigation into how Gaddafi died.
A. W. Tillinghast
Albert Warren "Tillie" Tillinghast (May 7, 1876 – May 19, 1942) was an American golf course architect. Tillinghast was one of the most prolific architects in the history of golf; he worked on more than 265 different courses. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2015.

Tillinghast, along with William Flynn, George C. Thomas Jr., Hugh Wilson, George Crump, and William Fownes together made up the "Philadelphia School" of golf course architecture. Together, the group designed over 300 courses, 27 of which are listed among the top 100 golf courses in the world.

The Shawnee Inn & Golf Resort
The Shawnee Inn & Golf Resort is a resort in the village of Shawnee on Delaware, located in the foothills of the Pocono Mountains in Northeastern Pennsylvania.  The hotel is a Spanish colonial revival building with white-Moorish architecture and Spanish tiled roofs.  Mike Jesky of the Standard-Speaker wrote, “The three-story, 96-room inn looms large and flat on the grounds, with a stately yet inviting appearance.”  In the 1990s the Shawnee Inn was identified as the only resort on the banks of the Delaware River. Tee Time magazine has ranked the golf course there as one of the finest in the Mid-Atlantic region.