hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete or ferro-concrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (known as rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets. However, post-tensioning is also employed as a technique to reinforce the concrete. In terms of volume used annually, it is one of the most common engineering materials. In corrosion engineering terms, when designed correctly, the alkalinity of the concrete protects the steel rebar from corrosion.

1906 San Francisco earthquake
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a major earthquake which struck the coast of Northern California at 05:12 am Pacific Standard Time on Wednesday, April 18, 1906. With an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), it created high-intensity shaking from Eureka on the North Coast to the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region to the south of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Extensive fires soon broke out in San Francisco and lasted for several days. More than 3,000 people died and over 80% of the city was destroyed. The event is remembered as the deadliest earthquake in the history of the United States. The death toll remains the greatest loss of life from a natural disaster in California's history and high on the list of worst American disasters, natural or man-made.
Digastric muscle
The digastric muscle (also digastricus or musculus biventer mandibulae) (named digastric as it has two 'bellies') is a bilaterally paired suprahyoid muscle located under the jaw. Its posterior belly is attached to the mastoid notch of temporal bone, and its anterior belly is attached to the digastric fossa of mandible; the two bellies are united by an intermediate tendon which is held in a loop that attaches to the hyoid bone. The anterior belly is innervated via the mandibular nerve (cranial nerve V), and the posterior belly is innervated via the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). It may act to depress the mandible or elevate the hyoid bone.

The term "digastric muscle" refers to this specific muscle even though there are other muscles in the body to feature two bellies.

Lateral pterygoid muscle
The lateral pterygoid muscle (or external pterygoid muscle) is a muscle of mastication. It has two heads. It lies superior to the medial pterygoid muscle. It is supplied by pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery, and the lateral pterygoid nerve (from the mandibular nerve, CN V3). It depresses and protrudes the mandible. When each muscle works independently, they can move the mandible side to side.
Jinan University
Jinan University (/dʒiːˈnɑːn/ JEE-NAHN; JNU, Chinese: 暨南大学) is a national public university in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is affiliated with the United Front Work Department (UFWD) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and managed by the UFWD, Ministry of Education of China, and the Guangdong Provincial People's Government. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211. It is also one of the 13 Guangdong Province High-Level Universities.

"Jinan" literally means "reaching southward," indicating the university's original mission to disseminate Chinese learning and culture from North to South when it was founded in 1906 in Nanjing. It is the first Chinese university to recruit foreign students and one of the universities with the largest number of international students in China.

South China University of Technology
The South China University of Technology (SCUT) is a public university in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education and co-sponsored with the Guangdong Provincial People's Government. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.
Rowan County, Kentucky
Rowan County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky, in the Eastern Kentucky Coalfield region. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,662. Its county seat is Morehead.

The county was created in 1856 from parts of Fleming and Morgan counties, and named after John Rowan, who represented Kentucky in the House of Representatives and the Senate.

With regard to the sale of alcohol, it is classified as a moist county in which alcohol sales are prohibited, but unlike a dry county, it contains a "wet" city, Morehead, where packaged alcohol sales are allowed.

Carter County, Kentucky
Carter County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,627. Its county seat is Grayson. Carter County is in the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Carter Caves State Resort Park.
The Defenders (1961 TV series)
The Defenders is an American courtroom drama television series that ran on CBS from 1961 to 1965. It was created by television writer Reginald Rose, and stars E. G. Marshall and Robert Reed as father-and-son defense attorneys Lawrence and Kenneth Preston. Original music for the series was scored by Frank Lewin and Leonard Rosenman. The series was spun off from the Studio One episode "The Defender", which starred Ralph Bellamy and William Shatner as the Prestons.

This series is not related to the 2010s CBS series of the same name.

Mannix
Mannix is an American detective television series that originally aired for eight seasons on CBS from September 16, 1967, to April 13, 1975. The show was created by Richard Levinson and William Link, and developed by executive producer Bruce Geller. The title character, Joe Mannix, is a private investigator played by actor Mike Connors.
List of bus routes in Queens
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) operates a number of bus routes in Queens, New York, United States, under two different public brands. New York City Transit Authority and MTA Regional Bus Operations.  Some of them are the direct descendants of streetcar lines (see list of streetcar lines in Queens).

Q25 (New York City bus)
The Q25 bus route constitutes a public transit line in Queens, New York City. The south-to-north route runs primarily on Parsons Boulevard and Kissena Boulevard, serving two major bus-subway hubs: Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–Jamaica and Flushing–Main Street. It terminates in College Point in northern Queens.

The Q25 was originally operated by Queens-Nassau Transit Lines, Queens Transit Corporation, and Queens Surface Corporation from the 1930s to 2005; it is now operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the MTA Bus Company brand. Until 2025, the Q34 bus paralleled the Q25 south of Linden Place; the Q25 and Q34 were numbered as a single route in 1937 and were split into separate routes in the 1990s. Q25 limited-stop service was introduced in 2007. The Q25 Limited and Q34 were discontinued as part of the Queens bus network redesign in 2025.
Lunda language
Lunda, also known as Chilunda, is a Bantu language spoken in Zambia, Angola, and, to a lesser extent, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Lunda and its dialects are spoken and understood by perhaps 8.6% of Zambians (1986 estimate), and the language is used mainly in the Northwestern province of Zambia. The majority of the Lunda can be found in DRC, especially Katanga Province, as well as in Angola. A small number of Lunda dialects are represented in Namibia.

Luvale language
Luvale (also spelt Chiluvale, Lovale, Lubale, Luena, Lwena) is a Bantu language spoken by the Lovale people of Angola and Zambia.

Is is the native language of 180 thousand people in Angola (as of 2024), mostly in the Moxico Leste Province, where a third of the population speaks it as a native language. It is recognized as a regional language for educational and administrative purposes in Zambia, where about 168,000 people speak it (as of 2006). Luvale uses a modified form of the Latin alphabet in its written form.

Luvale is closely related to Chokwe.
Bob Welch (baseball)
Robert Lynn Welch (November 3, 1956 – June 9, 2014) was an American professional baseball starting pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1978–87) and Oakland Athletics (1988–94). Prior to his professional career, he attended Eastern Michigan University, where he played college baseball for the Hurons baseball team. He helped lead the Hurons, coached by Ron Oestrike, to the 1976 College World Series, losing to Arizona in the championship game. He also played for the U.S. national collegiate team in 1976.

Welch was a two-time MLB All-Star, and he won the American League Cy Young Award in 1990. He was a three-time World Series champion – twice as a player and once as a coach.

He is the most recent major league pitcher to win at least 25 games in a single season, 27 in 1990, the most wins in a season since Steve Carlton also won 27 games in 1972.

Matt Young
Matthew John Young (born August 9, 1958) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. Young played eleven seasons in Major League Baseball for a variety of teams over his career, was an MLB All-Star in his rookie year, and is best known for his unofficial no-hitter against the Cleveland Indians while a member of the Boston Red Sox.
2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 6, 2018. The first tournament was the 2K Sports Classic and the season concluded with the Final Four at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on April 8, 2019. Practices officially began on September 28, 2018. The season saw Zion Williamson dominate Player of the Year honors and media attention, while Virginia won its first NCAA Championship. The NCAA Championship Game between Virginia and Texas Tech would mark the final NCAA game with a 20-foot 9 inch three-point shot line, as it moved out to the FIBA standard of 22 feet and 2 inches the following year.

2019 Ivy League men's basketball tournament
The 2019 Ivy League men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Ivy League of the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held on March 16 and 17, 2019, at the John J. Lee Amphitheater on the campus of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. League co-champions Harvard and Yale met in the final with Yale winning 97–85. Yale received the Ivy League's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament. Yale lost 74–79 in the first round to (3) LSU.

This was the last Ivy League tournament to be held for three years due to COVID-19 disruptions. The 2020 edition was never played, and the Ivy League canceled its entire 2020–21 season.
Jade Emperor
In the myths and folk religion of Chinese culture, the Jade Emperor or Yudi is one of the representations of the primordial god.

In Taoist theology, he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three primordial emanations of the Tao. However, some Taoists in history were skeptical of his benevolence because his buildings and infrastructure in heaven and earth were sometimes seen as interfering with the many natural laws or dao.

He is often identified with Śakra in Chinese Buddhist cosmology and identified with Yu the Great in Chinese mythology.

The Jade Emperor is known by many names, including Yu; Heavenly Grandfather (Chinese: 天公, romanized: Tiāngōng), which originally meant "Heavenly Duke" (and which is used by commoners); the Jade Lord; the Highest Emperor; and Great Emperor of Jade (玉皇上帝, Yu Huang Shangdi, or 玉皇大帝, Yu Huang Dadi).

Li Jing (deity)
Li Jing, also known as Pagoda-Bearing Heavenly King Li, is a popular figure in Chinese mythology; originated from Puranic, Vedic and Buddhist literature, who also appears in Japanese and Korean Mythology.

He is a popular character in Asian folklores and Asian Mythology, who is a prominent deity in Buddhism, Taoism, Hinduism, Chinese folk religion and in many other asian folk religions. He carries a pagoda that can capture any spirit, demon or god within its walls. He also appears in the classic Chinese epic novels Journey to the West and Fengshen Yanyi (Investiture of the Gods). He is an analogue of Vaisravana or Kubera who appears in ancient Indian epic novels Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Richard I of Normandy
Richard I (28 August 932 – 20 November 996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French: Richard Sans-Peur; Old Norse: Jarl Rikard), was the count of Rouen from 942 to 996. Dudo of Saint-Quentin, whom Richard commissioned to write the "De moribus et actis primorum Normanniae ducum" (Latin, "On the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of Normandy"), called him a dux. However, this use of the word may have been in the context of Richard's renowned leadership in war, and not as a reference to a title of nobility. Richard either introduced feudalism into Normandy or he greatly expanded it. By the end of his reign, the most important Norman landholders held their lands in feudal tenure.

Louis IV of France
Louis IV (920/921 – 10 September 954), called d'Outremer or Transmarinus ("From overseas"), reigned as King of West Francia from 936 to 954. A member of the Carolingian dynasty, he was the only son of king Charles the Simple and his second wife Eadgifu of Wessex, daughter of King Edward the Elder of Wessex. His reign is mostly known thanks to the Annals of Flodoard and the later Historiae of Richerus.
Floy Joy (song)
"Floy Joy" is a song written by Smokey Robinson and released as a single in December 1971 by popular Motown female singing group The Supremes.

It was written and recorded by the group's former mentor Robinson, marking his first production of a Supremes song since 1969's "The Composer". It featured original Supreme Mary Wilson and the newly recruited Jean Terrell on lead vocals. This was the third hit single by the group to feature lead vocals by Wilson.

It peaked at number five on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts, number 16 on the American pop singles chart and number nine on the UK Singles Chart.

Automatically Sunshine
"Automatically Sunshine" is a song written by Smokey Robinson and released as a single by Motown singing group The Supremes as the second single from their popular album Floy Joy in 1972.

The single featured Jean Terrell and original Supreme Mary Wilson sharing lead vocals on the song. Floy Joy was one of the group's final albums recorded at Motown's famed Detroit studio, Hitsville U.S.A. On the US soul chart, "Automatically Sunshine" reached number twenty-one and was the Supremes' final top 40 US hit for four years peaking at number thirty-seven on the Billboard Hot 100, while it became the group's third consecutive top-ten single on the UK Singles Chart peaking at number ten.
Dholpur state
Dholpur State or Dhaulpur State, ruled by Bamrolia Jat Dynasty was an independent kingdom from 1805 to 1818 and a princely state under British suzerainty from 1818 to 1949 in eastern Rajasthan. It was founded by Rana Kirat Singh, the ruler of Gohad, in 1805 AD. Dholpur State was a salute state entitled to a 15 gun-salute official and 17 gun-salute Personal. The state was merged into the Union of India in April 1949 and Udai Bhan Singh was the last ruling Maharaj-Rana of Dholpur.

Karauli state
Karauli State was a princely state in the north eastern edge of modern-day Rajasthan, India from 1348 to 1949 ruled by the Jadaun Rajputs. The area of the former state  is located in the cultural Braj region. Karauli was the capital while Mandrayal or Mandrail was another important town.
Henry (VII) of Germany
Henry (VII) (1211 – 12 February 1242), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was King of Sicily from 1212 until 1217 and King of Germany (formally Rex Romanorum) from 1222 until 1235, as son and king, co-ruler of Emperor Frederick II. He was the seventh Henry to rule Germany, but in order to avoid confusion with the Luxembourg emperor Henry VII, he is usually numbered Henry (VII).

Engelbert II of Berg
Count Engelbert II of Berg, also known as Saint Engelbert, Engelbert of Cologne, Engelbert I, Archbishop of Cologne or Engelbert I of Berg, Archbishop of Cologne (1185 or 1186, Schloss Burg – 7 November 1225, Gevelsberg) was archbishop of Cologne and a saint; he was notoriously murdered by a member of his own family.
Seoul Station
Seoul Station (Korean: 서울역) is a major railway station in Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The station is served by the Korail Intercity Lines and the commuter trains of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway.

Yeongdeungpo Station
Yeongdeungpo station (Station 139) (Korean: 영등포역) is a ground-level railway station in Seoul, South Korea. The station is located in Yeongdeungpo Dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, and is a stop on the Gyeongbu Line, Honam Line and Seoul Subway Line 1.  The station is integrated into the Yeongdeungpo Lotte Department Store. Located in the station are Lotteria, Dunkin' Donuts, Krispy Kreme, and KFC.
Gould's long-eared bat
Gould's long-eared bat (Nyctophilus gouldi) is a microbat found in southern regions of Australia. It occurs in eastern Australia, from Queensland to Victoria, and in a smaller isolated range in the south-west of Western Australia.

Chocolate wattled bat
The chocolate wattled bat (Chalinolobus morio) is a bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found only in Australia, including the island Tasmania, and widespread in southern regions. It is known to reside from sea level to at least 1,570 metres (5,150 ft).
Yelmer Buurman
Yelmer Evert Frans Buurman (born 19 February 1987) is a Dutch professional racing driver. He was 3rd in the Blancpain Endurance Series in 2013, and second in the FIA GT1 Championship in 2012. Besides achieving victories in those categories, also won several races in the Superleague Formula, and was second in the 2013 24 Hours of Nürburgring.

Craig Dolby
Craig Russ Dolby (born 31 March 1988 in Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, England) is a British racing driver. He has raced in Formula Renault series around the world for most of his career, winning the Formula Renault 1.6 Belgium championship in 2006.

Since 2008, Dolby has raced in the Superleague Formula and has raced for R.S.C. Anderlecht in the 2008 season and Tottenham Hotspur in the 2009 season.

As of 2019, Dolby worked as a stunt driver on movie sets on major film productions. He had the opportunity to pursue that career through a contact he met in the Superleague paddock.
Tiffany (Mexican wrestler)
Xóchitl Leyva Sánchez (born February 20, 1973) is a Mexican luchadora, or female professional wrestler best known under the ring name Tiffany. She has won the 2003, 2005, and 2008 Reina de Reinas tournaments and has held the Mexican National Women's Championship two times. After working for AAA for the majority of her career, she jumped to Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in September 2010.

Silueta (wrestler)
Joana Guadalupe Jiménez Hernández (born December 15, 1985) is a Mexican luchadora, or female professional wrestler, better known as Dark  Silueta (Spanish for Dark "Silhouette"). She is working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) and Japan's Lady's Ring promotion, portraying a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character. She originally worked as an enmascarada, or masked wrestler but was forced to unmask after losing a match to Zeuxis.
Contemporary R&B
Contemporary R&B is a popular music genre, originating from African-American musicians in the 1970s that combines rhythm and blues with elements of disco, jazz, soul, funk, blues, electronic and hip-hop. The incorporation of disco and electronic textures and production styles, which came to prominence since the 2010s decade, brought forth a style called electro-R&B.

The genre features a distinctive record production style and a smooth, lush style of vocal arrangement. Electronic influences and the use of hip-hop or dance-inspired beats are typical, although the roughness and grit inherent in hip-hop may be reduced and smoothed out. Contemporary R&B vocalists often use melisma, and since the mid-1980s, R&B rhythms have been combined with elements of hip-hop culture and music, soul culture and soul music.

Troop (band)
Troop is an American R&B group from Pasadena, California, United States. The group has had three number-one singles and ten top-ten singles on the Billboard R&B Singles chart. They have also completed five albums, which include three certified gold and one certified platinum album. TROOP is an acronym for "Total Respect of Other People". The group is most notable for a series of number-one R&B hits, including popular cover versions of the songs "All I Do Is Think of You", originally performed by The Jackson 5 and "Sweet November", originally performed by musical group The Deele (written by Babyface). They also had a number-one hit with the original song "Spread My Wings".
Ed Walsh
Edward Augustine Walsh (May 14, 1881 – May 26, 1959) was an American pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball, nicknamed "Big Ed". From 1906 to 1912 he was one of the best pitchers in baseball. Walsh holds the record for lowest career earned run average, 1.82. He is one of two modern (post-1901) pitchers to win 40 or more games in a single season, and the last pitcher to do so. He is the last pitcher from any team to throw more than 400 innings in a single season, a feat he accomplished in 1907 and 1908. Though injuries shortened his career, he was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946.

Earned run average
In baseball statistics, earned run average (ERA) is the average of earned runs allowed by a pitcher per nine innings pitched (i.e. the traditional length of a game). It is determined by dividing the number of earned runs allowed by the number of innings pitched and multiplying by nine. Thus, a lower ERA is better. Runs resulting from passed balls, defensive errors (including pitchers' defensive errors), and runners placed on base at the start of extra innings are recorded as unearned runs and omitted from ERA calculations.
South Africa women's national soccer team
The South Africa women's national football team represents South Africa in women's international soccer and is run by the South African Football Association, the governing body for Soccer in South Africa. Nicknamed Banyana Banyana (The Girls in Sesotho, officially known as Sasol Banyana Banyana for sponsorship reasons).

South Africa competed in two Olympic Games, two FIFA Women's World Cups, and 14 Women's African Cup of Nations, where they were runners up five times before winning once. They also competed at all 10 COSAFA Women's Championships, where they won seven times, came second thrice and finished in fourth place once.

Mauritius women's national football team
The Mauritius women's national football team is the first women's association football team that represents the country of Mauritius. They are controlled by the Mauritius Football Association and are members of FIFA, the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and the Council of Southern Africa Football Associations (COSAFA). The development of women's football in the country and in Africa as a whole faces a number of challenges, with a programme for women's football not being created in the country until 1997. FIFA gives money to the Mauritius Football Association, 10% of which is aimed at developing football in the country in areas that include women's football, sport medicine and futsal.