hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vsevolozhsky District
Vsevolozhsky District (Russian: Все́воложский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central northwestern part of the oblast on the Karelian Isthmus and borders with Priozersky District in the north, Kirovsky District in the south, Vyborgsky District in the northwest, Nevsky, Krasnogvardeysky, Kalininsky, Vyborgsky, and Kurortny Districts of the federal city of St. Petersburg in the west, and is washed by Lake Ladoga in the east. The area of the district is 3,036.4 square kilometers (1,172.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vsevolozhsk. Population (excluding the administrative center): 153,045 (2010 Census); 131,233 (2002 Census); 135,318 (1989 Soviet census).

Tosnensky District
Tosnensky District (Russian: То́сненский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central southwestern part of the oblast and borders with Kirovsky District in the north, Kirishsky District in the east, Chudovsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the southeast, Novgorodsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the south, Luzhsky District in the southwest, Gatchinsky District in the west, and Pushkinsky and Kolpinsky Districts of the federal city of Saint Petersburg in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,585.4 square kilometers (1,384.3 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Tosno. Population (excluding the administrative center): 83,898 (2010 Census); 77,194 (2002 Census); 78,500 (1989 Soviet census).
The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.

STV Group
STV Group plc (formerly known as Scottish Television plc, Scottish Media Group plc and SMG plc) is a media company based in Glasgow, Scotland. Beginning as a television broadcaster in 1957, the company expanded into newspapers, advertising and radio; after completing a restructuring in 2010, STV Group is active in broadcast television, video-on-demand and television production. The company is a constituent of the FTSE SmallCap Index.
Bandung Institute of Technology
The Bandung Institute of Technology (Sundanese: ᮄᮔ᮪ᮞ᮪ᮒᮤᮒᮥᮒ᮪ ᮒᮦᮊ᮪ᮔᮧᮜᮧᮌᮤ ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, romanized: Institut Téknologi Bandung; Indonesian: Institut Teknologi Bandung, abbreviated as ITB) is a public research university located in Bandung, Indonesia. It has produced many notable leaders in science, engineering, politics, business, academia, and culture. ITB is one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia.

Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or simply Proklamasi) was read at 10:00 Tokyo Standard Time on Friday, 17 August 1945 in Jakarta. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed resistance of the Indonesian National Revolution, fighting against the forces of the Netherlands and pro-Dutch civilians, until the latter officially acknowledged Indonesia's independence in 1949. The document was signed by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta, who were appointed president and vice-president respectively the following day.

The date of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was made a public holiday by a government decree issued on 18 June 1946.
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS New Delhi) is a public medical school and hospital in New Delhi, India. The institute is governed by the AIIMS Act, 1956 and operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS) is a medical Institute under the State Legislature Act in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 14 km (8.7 miles) south of Hazratganj on Raebareli Road. It was established in 1983 and is named after Sanjay Gandhi. The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) ranked the institute 5th in its medical ranking 2025.
Ernakulam
Ernakulam (Malayalam: [erɐɳɐːkuɭɐm] ⓘ) is the central business district of the city of Kochi, Kerala, India , Asia. It is the namesake of Ernakulam district. The eastern part of Kochi city is mainly known as Ernakulam, while the western part of it after the Venduruthy Bridge is called as Wernakulam. Many major establishments, including the Kerala High Court, the office of the Kochi Municipal Corporation and the Cochin Shipyard are situated in Ernakulam. It is also the most urbanized area in the city of Kochi. The Southern Naval Command (SNC) is in Kochi, Ernakulam district, Kerala. Established in 1958, it is the largest naval command of the Indian Navy, focusing on training and maritime security operations in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.

St. Albert's College
St. Albert's College is an autonomous liberal arts college located at Kochi, India. It has twenty-three degree courses, twelve postgraduate courses and seven research centres. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) has accredited the college at the "A" level with an aggregate score of 3.24. St. Albert's College (Autonomous) was ranked as one among the best hundred autonomous colleges in India.
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (abbr. HHU; German: Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf), named after German poet Heinrich Heine, is a public university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which was founded in 1965. It is the successor organization to Düsseldorf's Medical Academy of 1907.

Following several expansions throughout the decades, the university has comprised five faculties since 1993. Currently, more than 36,000 full-time students are studying at HHU and a total staff of approximately 3,600 people (academic and non-academic).

University of Duisburg-Essen
The University of Duisburg-Essen (German: Universität Duisburg-Essen) is a public research university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. In the 2019 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, the university was awarded 194th place in the world. It was originally founded in 1654 and re-established on 1 January 2003, as a merger of the Gerhard Mercator University of Duisburg and the university of Essen. It is based in both the cities of Duisburg and Essen, and a part of University Alliance Metropolis Ruhr.

With its 12 departments and around 40,000 students, the University of Duisburg-Essen is among the 10 largest German universities. Since 2014, research income has risen by 150 percent. Natural science and engineering are ranked within the top 10 in Germany, and the humanities are within the top 20 to 30. Especially, the physics field is ranked in the top 1 in Germany.
Aerospace Defense Command
Aerospace Defense Command was a major command of the United States Air Force, responsible for air defense of the continental United States. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was established in 1946, briefly inactivated in 1950, reactivated in 1951, and then redesignated Aerospace rather than Air in 1968. Its mission was to provide air defense of the Continental United States (CONUS). It directly controlled all active measures, and was tasked to coordinate all passive means of air defense.

332d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron
The 332d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  Its last assignment was with the 4683rd Air Defense Wing at Thule Air Base, Greenland, where it was inactivated on 31 May 1965.

The squadron was first organized during World War II as the 332d Fighter Squadron.  It trained fighter pilots until March 1944 when it was disbanded in a reorganization of the Army Air Forces' training and support units.  The squadron was again organized in 1953 as an air defense organization.  It moved to Greenland in 1960.
Barney Dreyfuss
Bernhard "Barney" Dreyfuss (February 23, 1865 – February 5, 1932) was an executive in Major League Baseball who owned the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise from 1900 to his death in 1932. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008.

Dreyfuss is often credited with the creation of the modern baseball World Series. He also built one of baseball's first modern steel and concrete baseball parks, Forbes Field, in 1909. During his period of ownership, the Pirates won six National League pennants, plus World Series titles in 1909 and 1925; only the New York Giants won more NL championships (10) during the same period.

Frank E. McKinney
Frank Edward McKinney Sr. (June 16, 1904 – January 9, 1974) was the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1951 through 1952. He was hand-picked for the post by then-President Harry S Truman.
Oscar de la Renta
Óscar Arístides de la Renta y Fiallo (22 July 1932 – 20 October 2014), known professionally as Óscar de la Renta, was a Dominican fashion designer. Born in Santo Domingo, he was trained by Cristóbal Balenciaga and Antonio del Castillo. De la Renta became internationally known in the 1960s as one of the couturiers who dressed Jacqueline Kennedy. He worked for Lanvin and Balmain. His eponymous fashion house has boutiques around the world, and is headquartered on Madison Avenue in Manhattan.

Maison Margiela
Maison Margiela (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃ maʁʒjela]), formerly Maison Martin Margiela, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Belgian designer Martin Margiela and Jenny Meirens in 1988 and headquartered in Paris. The house produces both haute couture-inspired artisanal collections and ready-to-wear  collections, with the former influencing the designs of the latter. Product lines include womenswear, menswear, jewellery, footwear, accessories, leather goods, perfumes and household goods. Known for deconstructive and avant-garde designs with unconventional materials, Maison Margiela has traditionally held live shows in unusual settings, for example empty metro stations and street corners. Models' faces are often obscured by fabric or long hair to direct attention to the clothes and design. Margiela resigned as creative designer in 2009. John Galliano was appointed to the role in 2014, and resigned in 2024. His successor is Glenn Martens.
Linnea Ström
Linnea Ström (born 14 October 1996) is a Swedish professional golfer. She joined the U.S.-based LPGA Tour after graduating from the Symetra Tour as 2018 Rookie of the Year. She was solo second at the 2022 Madrid Ladies Open and 2023 Walmart NW Arkansas Championship before winning the 2024 ShopRite LPGA Classic.

Jennifer Kupcho
Jennifer Anne Kupcho (born May 14, 1997) is an American professional golfer. She has won five professional tournaments including four on the LPGA Tour. She has won one major ‍–‍ the 2022 Chevron Championship. She has represented the United States in three Solheim Cups, and was on the winning team in 2024.
Anthropology
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity that crosses biology and sociology, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. Social anthropology studies patterns of behaviour, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. The term sociocultural anthropology is commonly used today. Linguistic anthropology studies how language influences social life. Biological (or physical) anthropology studies the biology and evolution of humans and their close primate relatives.

Archaeology, often referred to as the "anthropology of the past," explores human activity by examining physical remains. In North America and Asia, it is generally regarded as a branch of anthropology, whereas in Europe, it is considered either an independent discipline or classified under related fields like history and palaeontology.

Film theory
Film theory is a set of scholarly approaches within the academic discipline of film or cinema studies that began in the 1920s by questioning the formal essential attributes of motion pictures; and that now provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to reality, the other arts, individual viewers, and society at large. Film theory is not to be confused with general film criticism, or film history, though these three disciplines interrelate. Although some branches of film theory are derived from linguistics and literary theory, it also originated and overlaps with the philosophy of film.
Mariner 9
Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars '71 / Mariner-I) was a robotic spacecraft that contributed greatly to the exploration of Mars and was part of the NASA Mariner program. Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971, from LC-36B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and reached the planet on November 14 of the same year, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet – only narrowly beating the Soviet probes Mars 2 (launched May 19) and Mars 3 (launched May 28), both of which arrived at Mars only weeks later.

After the occurrence of dust storms on the planet for several months following its arrival, the orbiter managed to send back clear pictures of the surface. Mariner 9 successfully returned 7,329 images, covering 85% of Mars's surface, over the course of its mission, which concluded in October 1972.

Viking 1
Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft, along with Viking 2, each consisting of an orbiter and a lander, sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. The lander touched down on Mars on July 20, 1976, the first successful Mars lander in history. Viking 1 operated on Mars for 2,307 days (over 61⁄4 years) or 2245 Martian solar days, the longest extraterrestrial surface mission until the record was broken by the Opportunity rover on May 19, 2010.
Miliolida
The Miliolida are an order of foraminifera with calcareous, porcelacous tests that are imperforate and commonly have a pseudochitinous lining.  Tests are composed of randomly oriented calcite needles that have a high proportion of magnesium along with organic material. Tests lack pores and generally have multiple chambers.

Miliolids, which range from the Carboniferous to recent, are benthic Foraminifera abundant in shallow waters such as in estuaries and along coastlines, though they also include deepwater oceanic forms.

Test (biology)
In biology, a test is the hard shell of some spherical aquatic animals and protists, notably sea urchins and microorganisms such as testate foraminiferans, radiolarians, and testate amoebae. The term is also applied to the covering of scale insects. The related Latin term testa is used for the outer layer of the hard seed coat of plant seeds.
Saraiki language
Saraiki ( سرائیکی, Sarā'īkī, [səɾaːiːkiː]; also spelt Siraiki, or Seraiki) is a Lahnda language variety within the Indo-Aryan language family. It is spoken by 28.84 million people, as per the 2023 Pakistani census, taking prevalence in Southern Punjab with remants in Northern Sindh and Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Saraiki has partial mutual intelligibility with Standard Punjabi, and it shares with it a large portion of its vocabulary and morphology. At the same time in its phonology it is radically different (particularly in the lack of tones, the preservation of the voiced aspirates and the development of implosive consonants), and has important grammatical features in common with the Sindhi language spoken to the south.

Due to effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media like Urdu, Standard Punjabi and English and religious impact of Arabic and Persian, Saraiki like other regional varieties of Pakistan are continuously expanding its vocabulary base with loan words.

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
The New York Times Magazine
The New York Times Magazine is an American Sunday magazine included with the Sunday edition of The New York Times. It features articles longer than those typically in the newspaper and has attracted many notable contributors. The magazine is noted for its photography, especially relating to fashion and style.

Art in America
Art in America (A.i.A.) is an illustrated quarterly, international magazine concentrating on the contemporary art world in the United States, including profiles of artists and genres, updates about art movements, show reviews and event schedules. It is designed for collectors, artists, art dealers, art professionals and other readers interested in the art world.

Previously a monthly publication, the magazine scaled back to quarterly issues in the 2020s after ownership changes and a merger with the publication ARTnews. Articles from Art in America are published online on the ARTnews website.
Serie B
The Serie B (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈbi]), officially known as Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie A. It has been operating for over ninety years since the 1929–30 season. It had been organized by Lega Calcio until 2010 and the Lega B ever since. Common nicknames for the league are campionato cadetto and cadetteria, since cadetto is the Italian name for junior or cadet.

2020–21 Serie A
The 2020–21 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 119th season of top-tier Italian football, the 89th in a round-robin tournament, and the 11th since its organization under an own league committee, the Lega Serie A. Inter Milan won the title with four matches remaining after second-placed Atalanta drew against Sassuolo.

Inter Milan's title was their 19th in club history and their first in 11 years. It ended Juventus's run of nine consecutive league titles, as they finished in fourth place, 13 points behind Inter Milan.
Des Plaines, Illinois
Des Plaines (/dɪs ˈpleɪnz/) is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 60,675. The city is a suburb of Chicago and is located just north of O'Hare International Airport. It is situated on and is named after the Des Plaines River, which runs through the city just east of its downtown area.

Stone Park, Illinois
Stone Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,576 at the 2020 census. Incorporated in 1939, the town was named for insurance magnate Clement Stone, who bought most of the land when it was still corn fields.
Pudong
Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name Pudong was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city center.  It now refers to the broader Pudong New Area, a state-level new area which extends all the way to the East China Sea.

The traditional area of Pudong is now home to the Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and the Shanghai Stock Exchange and many of Shanghai's best-known buildings, such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Jin Mao Tower, the Shanghai World Financial Center, and the Shanghai Tower. These modern skyscrapers directly face Puxi's historic Bund, a remnant of former foreign concessions in China. The rest of the new area includes the Port of Shanghai, the Shanghai Expo and Century Park, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai Pudong International Airport, the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve, Nanhui New City, and the Shanghai Disney Resort.

Zhabei
Zhabei, formerly romanized as Chapei, is a neighborhood and a former district of Shanghai with a land area of 29.26 km2 (11.30 sq mi) and a resident population of 847,300 as of 2013. It is the location of the Shanghai railway station, one of the main railway stations of Shanghai. On November 4, 2015, Zhabei was merged into the smaller but more central Jing'an District.

Historically, the district has been highly populated with working class residents. However, due to the shift in the structure of industries and increasing number of immigrants from outside Shanghai, partly due to its reasonable real estate price (compared to its counterparts such as Putuo and Hongkou), the district has become increasingly appealing to city residents.
Ghazali Shafie
Muhammad Ghazali bin Shafie (Jawi: محمد غزالي بن شافعي; 22 March 1922 – 24 January 2010) was a Malaysian politician and diplomat. He served under the administrations of four Prime Ministers, most notably as Minister of Home and Foreign Affairs from 1973 to 1984.

Minister of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)
The current Minister of Foreign Affairs (Malay: Menteri Luar Negeri; Jawi: منتري لوار نڬري‎) of Malaysia has been Mohamad Hasan since 12 December 2023. The minister is deputised by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Lukanisman Awang Sauni, since 17 December 2025. The minister administers the portfolio through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Chase Owens
Steven Owens (born March 7, 1990), better known by his ring name Chase Owens, is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he is a member of House of Torture. Owens is a three-time IWGP Tag Team Champion, having won the belts twice with Kenta and once with Bad Luck Fale. He has also won the provisional KOPW trophy once. For much of his tenure in NJPW, Owens has been a member of Bullet Club, but was also briefly affiliated with the stable's sub-groups the War Dogs and The Elite.

Yota Tsuji
Yota Tsuji (辻 陽太, Tsuji Yōta; born September 8, 1993) is a Japanese professional wrestler. He is signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he is the current IWGP Heavyweight Champion in his first reign, the current IWGP Global Heavyweight Champion in his record-tying second reign and the member of the Unbound Co. stable. Tsuji is the winner of the 2024 New Japan Cup and is a one-time NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champion with Bushi and Hiromu Takahashi. He also makes occasional appearances for partner promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), where he also performs under the ring name Philip Marlowe Jr., his alter ego inspired by the fictional detective Philip Marlowe.
Deoband
Deoband is a town and a municipality in Saharanpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, about 150 km (93 miles) from Delhi. Darul Uloom Deoband, an Islamic seminary and one of the largest Islamic institutions of India is located there.

Imdadullah Muhajir Makki
Imdadullah Muhajir Makki (1817 – 1899): 222  was an Indian Islamic scholar affiliated with the Deobandi movement. A Sufi saint who followed the Chishti order,: 223  his disciples include Muhammad Qasim Nanawtawi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and Ashraf Ali Thanwi. In the Indian Rebellion of 1857, he led the Muslims in Thana Bhawan to fight against the British. Imdadullah is also referred to by the Persian title A'la Hazrat.
Taysom Hill
Taysom Shawn Hill (born August 23, 1990) is an American professional football tight end for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the BYU Cougars as a quarterback and signed with the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 2017. Hill was released during final roster cuts and signed with the Saints shortly afterwards. Noted for his versatility, Hill has held the official positions of quarterback and tight end while also performing various other offensive and special teams roles. He is known as "the Human Swiss Army Knife" by the media.

Wil Lutz
William Lutz (born July 7, 1994), nicknamed "Big Nutz Lutz", is an American professional football placekicker for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Georgia State Panthers and signed with the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2016. Lutz has also played for the New Orleans Saints.