hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leona Theron
Leona Valerie Theron (born 7 November 1966) is a judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. Before her elevation in July 2017, she served in the Supreme Court of Appeal between December 2010 and June 2017. She is the first female Coloured judge to serve in the Constitutional Court.

Born in Durban, Theron was admitted as an advocate of the High Court of South Africa in December 1990. When she was appointed to the KwaZulu-Natal High Court in October 1999, she was the youngest judge in the country. She was first interviewed for appointment to the Constitutional Court for in December 2008; President Jacob Zuma appointed her in 2017 after the retirement of Justice Johann van der Westhuizen.

Owen Rogers
Owen Lloyd Rogers, SC (born 22 October 1958) is a South African judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. Before his appointment to that court in August 2022, he served in the Western Cape Division of the High Court for nine years, having joined the bench in February 2013. Formerly an advocate and senior counsel at the Cape Bar, he was also a judge of the Competition Appeal Court between 2016 and 2022.
Piedmont
Piedmont (/ˈpiːdmɒnt/ PEED-mont; Italian: Piemonte [pjeˈmonte]; Piedmontese: Piemont [pjeˈmʊŋt]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy, located in the Northwest of the country. It borders the Liguria region to the south, the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions to the east, and the Aosta Valley region to the northwest. Piedmont also borders Switzerland to the north and France to the west.

Piedmont has an area of 25,387.07 km2 (9,802.00 mi2), making it the 2nd-largest region of Italy in area after Sicily. With a population of 4,251,868, it is also the 7th-most populous region as of 2025. The capital of Piedmont is Turin, which was the first capital of the Kingdom of Italy, from 1861 to 1865.

Marquisate of Saluzzo
The Marquisate of Saluzzo (Latin: Marchionatus de Salutia) was a historical Italian state that included parts of the current region of  Piedmont and of the French Alps. The Marquisate was much older than the Renaissance lordships, being a legacy of the feudalism of the High Middle Ages.
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan
The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), also known as the Afghan Transitional Authority, was the temporary transitional government in Afghanistan established by the loya jirga in June 2002. The Transitional Authority succeeded the original Islamic State of Afghanistan and preceded the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.

International Conference on Afghanistan, Bonn (2001)
In December 2001, after Operation Enduring Freedom had toppled the Taliban regime of Afghanistan, the German city of Bonn hosted a conference—widely known as the Bonn Conference—of Afghan leaders at Hotel Petersberg, to choose the leader of an Afghan Interim Authority and establish an initial political agreement for reorganising the governmental institutions of Afghanistan. The conference chose Hamid Karzai, who was subsequently elected president in 2004. Karzai subsequently appointed many anti-Taliban allies and regional leaders to senior posts within the interim government and to senior posts in the Provincial governments. The conference set up the Bonn Agreement for institutional reorganisation.
Pomerelia
Pomerelia, also known as Eastern Pomerania, Vistula Pomerania, and also before World War II as Polish Pomerania, is a historical sub-region of Pomerania on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland.

Gdańsk Pomerania is largely coextensive with Pomerelia, but slightly narrower, as it does not include Chełmno Land and Michałów Land.

Its largest and most important city is Gdańsk. Since 1999 the region has formed the core of Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Sławno
Sławno [ˈswavnɔ] (Kashubian: Słôwno, German: Schlawe) is a town on the Wieprza river in Middle Pomerania region, north-western Poland, with 12,511 inhabitants (2019). It is the administrative seat of Gmina Sławno, though not part of it. The town is also the capital of Sławno County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Tribe of Ephraim
According to the  Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Ephraim (Hebrew: אֶפְרַיִם, ʾEp̄rayim, in pausa: אֶפְרָיִם, ʾEp̄rāyim) was one of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. The Tribe of Manasseh, together with Ephraim, formed the Tribe of Joseph. It is one of the Ten Lost Tribes. The etymology of the name is disputed.

Gilead
Gilead or Gilad (UK: /ˈɡɪliæd/, US: /ˈɡɪliəd/; Hebrew: גִּלְעָד Gilʿāḏ, Arabic: جلعاد, Jalʻād) is the ancient, historic, biblical name of the mountainous northern part of the region of Transjordan, present-day Jordan. The region is bounded in the west by the Jordan River, in the north by the deep ravine of the river Yarmouk and the region of Bashan, and in the southwest by what were known during antiquity as the "plains of Moab", with no definite boundary to the east. In some cases, "Gilead" is used in the Bible to refer to all the region east of the Jordan River. Gilead is situated in modern-day Jordan, corresponding roughly to the Irbid, Ajloun, Jerash and Balqa Governorates.
Pannonia
Pannonia (/pəˈnoʊniə/, Latin: [panˈnɔnia]) was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, on the west by Noricum and upper Italy, and on the south by Dalmatia and upper Moesia. It included the modern regions of western Hungary, western Slovakia, eastern Austria, northern Croatia, north-western Serbia, northern Slovenia, and northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The northern and eastern boundary line of Pannonia was formed by the River Danube.

Valentinian I
Valentinian I (Latin: Valentinianus; 321 – 17 November 375), sometimes known as Valentinian the Great, was Roman emperor from 364 to 375. He is the second-last emperor to govern the empire as a whole, albeit he only did so from February 26th to March 28th of 364, after which he appointed Valens to rule over the Eastern half the empire, while he remained in control of the West. During his reign, he fought successfully against the Alamanni, Quadi, and Sarmatians, strengthening the border fortifications and conducting campaigns across the Rhine and Danube. Also, his general Theodosius the Elder defeated a revolt in Africa and the Great Conspiracy (a coordinated assault on Roman Britain by Picts, Scoti, and Saxons). Valentinian founded the Valentinian dynasty, with his sons Gratian and Valentinian II succeeding him in the western half of the empire and his daughter Galla marrying emperor Theodosius I.
Struthiomimus
Struthiomimus (meaning "ostrich mimic", from the Ancient Greek στρούθειος/stroutheios, meaning "of the ostrich", and μῖμος/mimos, meaning "mimic" or "imitator") is a genus of ornithomimid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of what is now western North America. They were long-legged, bipedal, ostrich-like dinosaurs with toothless beaks. The type species, Struthiomimus altus, is one of the more common, smaller dinosaurs found in Dinosaur Provincial Park. Their overall abundance, in addition to their toothless beak, suggests that these animals were mainly herbivorous or (more likely) omnivorous, rather than purely carnivorous. Similar to the modern ostriches, emus, and rheas (among other birds), these dinosaurs likely lived as opportunistic omnivores, supplementing a largely plant-based diet with a variety of small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects, invertebrates, and anything else they could fit into their mouth, as they foraged.

Parksosaurus
Parksosaurus (meaning "William Parks's lizard") is a genus of neornithischian dinosaur from the early Maastrichtian-aged (Upper Cretaceous) Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta, Canada. It is based on most of a partially articulated skeleton and partial skull, showing it to have been a small, bipedal, herbivorous dinosaur. It is one of the few described non-hadrosaurid ornithopods from the end of the Cretaceous in North America, existing around 70 million years ago.
Timber rattlesnake
The timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus), also known commonly as the canebrake rattlesnake and the banded rattlesnake, is a species of pit viper in the family Viperidae. The species is native to the eastern United States. Like all other pit vipers, it is venomous, with a very toxic bite. Its venom is extremely potent, and both hemorrhagic and neurotoxic venom are present depending on population and location. C. horridus is the only rattlesnake species in most of the populous Northeastern United States and is second only to its relatives to the west, the prairie rattlesnake, as the most northerly distributed venomous snake in North America. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.

Eastern hognose snake
The eastern hog-nosed snake (Heterodon platirhinos), is a species of mildly venomous rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. The venom is specifically adapted to amphibian prey and is harmless to humans. However, some people may have an allergic reaction, and experience local swelling and other symptoms. The species is endemic to North America. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid. This species prefers habitats with sandy soils and a combination of grass fields and forest edges. They come in many different colorations and have the identifiable upturned "snout". They can be found in captivity but are a relatively difficult species to keep due to a specialized diet of toads. As with other Heterodon species, they have a distinctive threat reaction of first bluffing by striking with a closed mouth and then pretending to die if this fails to deter the threat.
Anna-Lena Grönefeld
Anna-Lena Grönefeld (also spelled Groenefeld; married name Herzgerodt; born 4 June 1985) is a German former professional tennis player.

Competing as a professional from 2003 until 2019, she won one singles title on the WTA Tour, at the 2006 Mexican Open, and reached the quarterfinals of the 2006 French Open. She is a two-time Grand Slam champion in mixed doubles, having won the 2009 Wimbledon Championships alongside Mark Knowles, and the 2014 French Open with Jean-Julien Rojer. Grönefeld also finished runner-up in mixed doubles at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships and 2017 French Open.

In women's doubles, Grönefeld won 17 career titles, most notably the 2005 Rogers Cup with Martina Navratilova, and reached seven Grand Slam semifinals. She was part of the German team which reached the final of the 2014 Fed Cup, and competed at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games.

Nicole Melichar-Martinez
Nicole Melichar-Martinez (née Melichar; Czech: Nicole Melicharová, Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɛlɪxarovaː]; born July 29, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. On 3 July 2023, she peaked at world No. 6 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Melichar won a title in mixed doubles at the 2018 Wimbledon Championships with Austrian partner Alexander Peya.
She has also won 17 WTA Tour doubles titles as well as two 125 titles on the WTA Challenger Tour.

In singles, she has reached a career-high singles ranking of No. 400 in 2012 and has won two ITF titles.
Voiceless bilabial plosive
A voiceless bilabial plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in most spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "p" sound in "spit". The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨p⟩.

Voiceless palatal plosive
A voiceless palatal plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in some vocal languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨c⟩.

If distinction is necessary, a voiceless alveolo-palatal plosive may be transcribed ⟨t̠ʲ⟩ (retracted and palatalized [t]) or ⟨c̟⟩ (advanced [c], depending on the linguistic analysis of that sound. There is also a para-IPA letter ⟨ȶ⟩ that is used primarily in Sinological phonetic notation.

It is common for the symbol ⟨c⟩ to be used to transcribe a palatalized voiced velar plosive [kʲ] or, as often in the Indo-Aryan languages, a postalveolar affricate [tʃ] – especially in phonemic notation. The latter may be appropriate when the place of articulation needs to be specified but the distinction between plosive and affricate is not contrastive, or simply for a cleaner transcription.
Serie B
The Serie B (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈbi]), officially known as Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie A. It has been operating for over ninety years since the 1929–30 season. It had been organized by Lega Calcio until 2010 and the Lega B ever since. Common nicknames for the league are campionato cadetto and cadetteria, since cadetto is the Italian name for junior or cadet.

FC Matera
Football Club Matera, more commonly known as Matera, is an Italian football club society based in the city of Matera.

The first city club, named U.S. Matera, was founded in 1933. During its history, the team went through several bankruptcies and re-establishments. In September 2022, it retook the name and logo of FC Matera.
Yeedzin FC
Yeedzin Football Club was a football club from Thimphu, Bhutan. Founded in 2002, they were promoted from the B-Division to the A-Division in the same year. They won their first A-Division title in 2008 and have won a total of four A-Division championships. They also qualified for the National League in 2012 and 2013, winning the inaugural national competition in 2012. They have been Bhutan's representative in the AFC President's Cup on four occasions, and lost all of their twelve games played in the competition with a goal difference of –75.

Bhutan Premier League
The Bhutan Premier League, currently known as the Bank of Bhutan Premier League due to sponsorship reasons, is the men's highest division of professional football in Bhutan. It also provides Bhutan's entrant for continental competition, the AFC Challenge League.
Methionine
Methionine (symbol Met or M) (/mɪˈθaɪəniːn/) is an essential amino acid in humans. Compared to other amino acids, methionine has particularly decisive biosynthetic roles. It is the precursor to the amino acid cysteine and the pervasive methylation agent rSAM. Methionine is required for protein synthesis, which is initiated by N-formylmethionine-sRNA.

Methionine was first isolated in 1921 by John Howard Mueller. It is encoded by the codon AUG. It was named by Satoru Odake in 1925, as an abbreviation of its structural description 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
1953 Taça de Portugal final
The 1953 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 1952–53 Taça de Portugal, the 13th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 28 June 1953 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Benfica and Porto. Benfica defeated Porto 5–0 to claim their seventh Taça de Portugal.

1959 Taça de Portugal final
The 1959 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 1958–59 Taça de Portugal, the 19th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 19 July 1959 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Benfica and Porto. Benfica defeated Porto 1–0 to claim a tenth Taça de Portugal.
Vayalar Award
The Vayalar Award is a literary award presented annually in Kerala, India, for the best literary work in Malayalam. It was instituted in 1977 by the Vayalar Ramavarma Memorial Trust in memory of poet and lyricist Vayalar Ramavarma (1928-1975). A sum of ₹25,000, a silver plate and certificate constituted the award originally. Now it is raised to a sum of ₹100,000. It is presented each year on 27 October, the death anniversary of Ramavarma.

Muttathu Varkey Award
Muttathu Varkey Award for contributions to the field of Malayalam literature is instituted by the Muttattu Varkey Foundation in memory of novelist Muttathu Varkey. The award was instituted in 1992 and as of 2012, it carries a purse of ₹50000, a citation, and a statuette. The awards are usually announced on 28 April (the birth anniversary of Varkey) and presented on 28 May (the death anniversary of Varkey) every year.

The award was instituted as a recognition of the writer's (particularly novelists) body of work rather than any one title. In 2015, K. Satchidanandan became the first poet to be selected for the award. The year 2015 was the 75th anniversary of Muttathu Varkey’s debut into Malayalam literature with a poem titled ‘‘Aathmanjali’’ and so it was decided to have the award be given to poetry. In 2016 and 2017, the award was given for screenplay writing and notably in recognition for a particular work unlike previous years.
Cypress Hill
Cypress Hill is an American hip-hop group formed in South Gate, California in 1988. One of the first Latin American groups to gain mainstream recognition in hip-hop, they have sold over 20 million albums worldwide, and have obtained multi-platinum and platinum certifications. The group has been critically acclaimed for their first five albums. They are considered to be among the main progenitors of West Coast hip-hop and 1990s hip-hop. All of the group members advocate for medical and recreational use of cannabis in the United States. In 2019, Cypress Hill became the first hip-hop group to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Tim Armstrong
Timothy Ross Armstrong is an American musician, songwriter
and record producer. Known for his distinctive voice, he is the singer/guitarist for the punk rock band Rancid and hip hop/punk rock supergroup Transplants. Prior to forming Rancid, Armstrong was in the ska punk band Operation Ivy.

In 1997, along with Brett Gurewitz of the band Bad Religion and owner of Epitaph Records, Armstrong founded Hellcat Records. In 2012, through his website, Armstrong started releasing music that influenced him, along with stripped-down cover songs of his own under the name Tim Timebomb. Armstrong is also a songwriter for other artists. Armstrong won a Grammy Award for his work with Jimmy Cliff and Pink, and has also worked with Joe Walsh and the Interrupters.
Southborough, Massachusetts
Southborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. It incorporates the villages of Cordaville, Fayville, and Southville. Its name is often informally shortened to Southboro, a usage seen on many area signs and maps. At the 2020 census, its population was 10,450 in 3,542 households.

As of 2021, 43% of land use was residential, with 35% open space, including one-tenth of the town's area that is flooded by the Sudbury Reservoir. Light industrial land use is concentrated along main roads, primarily Massachusetts Route 9, and there are several small business districts in the villages and along Route 9.

Wellesley, Massachusetts
Wellesley (/ˈwɛlzli/) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. Wellesley is part of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The population was 29,550 at the time of the 2020 census. Wellesley College, Babson College, and a campus of Massachusetts Bay Community College are located in the town.
Bonita Springs, Florida
Bonita Springs is a city in Lee County, Florida, United States. The population was 53,644 at the 2020 census, up from 43,914 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, on the state's southwest coast.

Captiva, Florida
Captiva is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lee County, Florida, United States. It is located on Captiva Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 318, down from 583 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Located just offshore in the Gulf of Mexico, the island is just north of Sanibel Island. Captiva is accessed by a small bridge that crosses Blind Pass from Sanibel Island.

Many of Captiva's homes, condominiums, and businesses were destroyed during Hurricane Charley in 2004, but the island recovered shortly thereafter. In September 2022, Hurricane Ian caused significant damage to the causeway and to the infrastructure of the island.
Schmalkalden-Meiningen
Schmalkalden-Meiningen is a Landkreis in the southwest of Thuringia, Germany. Its neighboring districts are (from the northwest clockwise) the districts Wartburgkreis, Gotha, Ilm-Kreis, the district-free city Suhl, the district Hildburghausen, the Bavarian district Rhön-Grabfeld, and the district Fulda in Hesse.

Steinbach-Hallenberg
Steinbach-Hallenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪnbax ˈhalənbɛʁk]) is a town in the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated in the Thuringian Forest, 8 km east of Schmalkalden, and 13 km northwest of Suhl. The former municipalities Altersbach, Bermbach, Oberschönau, Unterschönau, Rotterode and Viernau were merged into Steinbach-Hallenberg in January 2019.
Ignacio Fernández Lobbe
Carlos Ignacio Fernández Lobbe (born 20 November 1974 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine rugby union coach and former player. He last played with English side, Bath Rugby in the Aviva Premiership. He has also represented Argentina on numerous occasions, including at the 1999, 2003 and 2007 Rugby World Cups.

He previously played for Sale Sharks, Castres, Bordeaux and the Liceo Naval club, moving to Northampton Saints for the 2008–09 season, where he made his debut against Worcester Warriors. In the 2005–2006 season, Lobbe started the final as Sale Sharks won their first ever Premiership title.

He captained Northampton Saints during the 2008–09 season while club captain Bruce Reihana was out injured.

In September 2010, it was announced that Fernández Lobbe would come out of retirement to join Bath as injury cover for the remainder of the 2010–11 season.

Mauricio Reggiardo
Mauricio Horacio Reggiardo (born 22 February 1970 in Bragado) is a retired Argentine rugby union footballer. He played as a prop. He is currently the head coach of Pro D2 side Provence.

Reggiardo played for Pueyrredon Rugby Club of Mar del Plata and Club Atlético San Isidro in Argentina, before his move to Castres Olympique, in France, in 1996. He played the majority of his club career in Castres, from 1996/97 to 2004/05.

He had 50 caps for the Argentina national rugby union team, scoring 3 tries, 15 points on aggregate, including appearances at the 1999 and 2003 Rugby World Cups.

He retired in 2006 and turned his hand to coaching. He has coached at both his former clubs in France, Mazamet and Castres.
Mikhail Kaneev
Mikhail Alexandrovich Kaneev (Russian: Кане́ев Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович; 5 April 1923 – 6 March 1983) was a Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as a known representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes of Leningrad and ancient Russian towns.

Joseph Serebriany
Jasef Alexandrovich Serebriany (Russian: Иосиф Александрович Серебряный) (April 25, 1907 – August 12, 1979) was a Soviet painter and stage decorator, who lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, well known for his portrait paintings.