hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arachne
Arachne (/əˈrækniː/ ⓘ; from Ancient Greek: Ἀράχνη, romanized: Arákhnē, lit. 'spider', cognate with Latin araneus) is the protagonist of a tale in classical mythology known primarily from the version told by the Roman poet Ovid (43  BCE–17  CE). In Book Six of his epic poem Metamorphoses, Ovid recounts how the talented mortal Arachne challenged the goddess Minerva to a weaving contest. When Minerva could find no flaws in the tapestry Arachne had woven for the contest, the goddess became enraged and beat the girl with her shuttle. After Arachne hanged herself out of shame, she was transformed into a spider. The myth both provided an etiology of spiders' web-spinning abilities and was a cautionary tale about hubris.

Niobe
Niobe (/ˈnaɪ.ə.biː/; Ancient Greek: Νιόβη [ni.óbɛː]: Nióbē) was in Greek mythology a daughter of Tantalus and of either Dione or of Eurythemista or Euryanassa. She was the wife of Amphion and the sister of Pelops and Broteas.

Niobe is mentioned by Achilles in Homer's Iliad, which relates her hubris, for which she was punished by Leto, who sent Apollo and Artemis to slay all of her children, after which her children lay unburied for nine days while she abstained from food. Once the gods had interred the slain, Niobe retreated to her native Sipylus, "where Nymphs dance around the River Acheloos, and though turned to stone, she broods over the sorrows sent by the Gods". Later writers asserted that Niobe was wedded to Amphion, one of the twin founders of Thebes, where there was a single sanctuary where the twin founders were venerated, but no shrine to Niobe.
Famous Idaho Potato Bowl
The Famous Idaho Potato Bowl, previously the Humanitarian Bowl (1997–2003, 2007–2010) and the MPC Computers Bowl (2004–2006), is an NCAA-sanctioned post-season college football bowl game that has been played annually since 1997 at Albertsons Stadium on the campus of Boise State University in Boise, Idaho. The game is televised nationally on the ESPN family of networks.

Big West Conference
The Big West Conference (BWC) is an American collegiate athletic conference whose member institutions participate in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The conference was originally formed on July 1, 1969, as the Pacific Coast Athletic Association (PCAA), and in 1988 was renamed the Big West Conference. The conference stopped sponsoring college football after the 2000 season.

Among the conference's 11 member institutions, 10 are located in California (nine in Southern California alone), and one is located in Hawaii (though the Hawaii member is leaving for the Mountain West Conference, effective July 1, 2026). All of the current schools are public universities, with the California schools evenly split between the California State University and the University of California systems. In addition, one affiliate member plays two sports in the BWC not sponsored by its home conference.
PayPal
PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational financial technology company that operates an online payments system in the majority of countries that support online money transfers; it serves as an electronic alternative to traditional paper methods such as checks and money orders. The company operates as a payment processor for online vendors, auction sites and many other commercial and company users.

Established in 1998 as Confinity, PayPal went public through an IPO in 2002. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay later that year, valued at $1.5 billion. In 2015, eBay spun off PayPal to its shareholders, and PayPal became an independent company again. The company was ranked 143rd on the 2022 Fortune 500 of the largest United States corporations by revenue. Since 2023, PayPal is a member of the MACH Alliance.

VMware
VMware LLC is an American cloud computing and virtualization technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California, U.S. On November 22, 2023, Broadcom acquired VMware in a cash-and-stock transaction valued at $69 billion, with the End-User Computing  division of VMware then sold to KKR and rebranded to Omnissa. VMware was the first commercially successful company to virtualize the x86 architecture.

VMware's desktop software runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS. VMware ESXi, its enterprise software hypervisor, is an operating system that runs on server hardware.
Atqasuk, Alaska
Atqasuk (English: /ˈɑtkəsuk/; Iñupiaq: [ɐtqɐsuk])  is a small Iñupiat city in the North Slope Borough, Alaska, United States. The population was 276 at the 2020 census and 233 at the 2010 census. The name of the city means “downslope” in the Iñupiaq language. The city is governed by the Native Village of Atqasuk, and maintains a predominantly subsistence-based lifestyle centered on hunting, fishing, and gathering.

Nuiqsut, Alaska
Nuiqsut (Inupiaq: Nuiqsat, IPA: [nuiχsɐt]) is a city in North Slope Borough, Alaska, United States. The population was 512 at the 2020 Census and 92.5% Alaska Native. It is located in the midst of a vast quantity of oil reserves and the closest community to ConocoPhillips oil drilling project named Willow Project in the Alpine, Alaska oil field of the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska. It owns the surface rights, but not the subsurface rights of the Alpine field, which are with the regional Arctic Slope Regional Corporation.
Sandy Turnbull
Alexander "Sandy" Turnbull  (30 July 1884 – 3 May 1917) was a Scottish footballer who played as a forward for both Manchester City and Manchester United in the early 20th century. He was killed in action during the First World War.

Arthur Whalley
Arthur Whalley (17 February 1886 – 23 November 1952) was an English professional footballer who played as a half back in the Football League, most notably for Manchester United. He was nicknamed 'The Black Prince'.
Ghrelin
Ghrelin (/ˈɡrɛlɪn/; or lenomorelin, INN) is a hormone primarily produced by enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach, and is also dubbed the "hunger hormone" because it increases the drive to eat. Blood levels of ghrelin are highest before meals when hungry, returning to lower levels after mealtimes. Ghrelin may help prepare for food intake by increasing gastric motility and stimulating the secretion of gastric acid.

Ghrelin activates cells in the anterior pituitary gland and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, including neuropeptide Y neurons that initiate appetite. Ghrelin stimulates brain structures having a specific receptor – the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A (GHSR-1A). Ghrelin also participates in regulation of reward cognition, learning and memory, the sleep-wake cycle, taste sensation, reward behavior, and glucose metabolism.

Growth hormone–releasing hormone
Growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH), also known as somatocrinin among other names in its endogenous form and as somatorelin (INN) in its pharmaceutical form, is a releasing hormone of growth hormone (GH). It is a 44-amino acid peptide hormone produced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.

GHRH first appears in the human hypothalamus between 18 and 29 weeks of gestation, which corresponds to the start of production of growth hormone and other somatotropes in fetuses.
Anao, Tarlac
Anao, officially the Municipality of Anao (Pangasinan: Baley na Anao; Ilocano: Ili ti Anao; Tagalog: Bayan ng Anao; Kapampangan: Balen ning Anao), is a municipality in the province of Tarlac, Philippines.According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 12,865 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.

Formerly a part of Pangasinan province, Anao was founded and organized into a municipality on March 16, 1870. Every year on March 16, the foundation of the town is celebrated along with the Ylang-Ylang Festival.

Pura, Tarlac
Pura, officially the Municipality of Pura (Pangasinan: Baley na Pura; Ilocano: Ili ti Pura; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pura), is a municipality in the province of Tarlac, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 27,017 people.
Rey Valera
Reynaldo Valera Guardiano (Tagalog: [reɪ bɐˈlɛɾa]; born March 4, 1954), better known as Rey Valera, is a Filipino singer, songwriter, music director, film scorer, and television host. He wrote and produced songs that were recorded by various singers, most notably Sharon Cuneta. Valera is regarded as one of the pillars and icons of Original Pilipino Music (OPM). He was a judge on the singing contest Sing Galing! (2021). Valera was also a former head judge of the singing contest segment "Tawag ng Tanghalan" in the variety noontime show, It's Showtime (2016–2021).

Gary Valenciano
Edgardo Jose "Gary" Santiago Valenciano (born August 6, 1964) is a Filipino singer and actor. Known for his musical versatility and performances, he is a recipient of various accolades, including 12 Awit Awards, three FAMAS Awards, and a Myx Magna Award.

Valenciano began his career in 1984 with the release of his self-titled debut album. In the succeeding years, he has ventured on screen, with appearances in several films and television shows. He has performed alongside artists such as Brian McKnight, George Duke, Paul Jackson Jr., Michael Shapiro, Ricky Martin, Cliff Richard, Leon Patilo, Michael W. Smith, Sandi Patti, Steven Curtis Chapman, and Kool & the Gang. Valenciano is also a philanthropist, having been appointed as the country's first UNICEF National Ambassador in 1997.

He is one of ABS-CBN's contract artists and has been a mainstay co-host of the weekly variety show ASAP since 2003.
Andoain
Andoain is a town in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the North of Spain. Nowadays it has a population of 14,637 inhabitants (2019), which has been quite stable since the 90s.

Andoain is located where the Oria River meets the Leitzaran river, next to the mountains Belkoain and Buruntza. Andoain is recognized by its green areas surrounding the rivers, which are dense forests, very suitable for hiking and biking (Leizaran Valley).

Urnieta
Urnieta is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Autonomous Community of Basque Country, northern Spain.

It is known for its Sagardotegi, restaurants that specialise in cider and regional food.
Adrian Willaert
Adrian Willaert (c. 1490 – 7 December 1562) was a Flemish composer of High Renaissance music. Mainly active in Italy, he was the founder of the Venetian School. He was one of the most representative members of the generation of northern composers who moved to Italy and transplanted the polyphonic Franco-Flemish style there.

Jacobus Clemens non Papa
Jacobus Clemens non Papa (also Jacques Clément or Jacob Clemens non Papa) (c. 1510 to 1515 – 1555 or 1556) was a Netherlandish composer of the Renaissance based for most of his life in Flanders. He was a prolific composer in many of the current styles, and was especially famous for his polyphonic settings of the psalms in Dutch known as the Souterliedekens.
United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory
The United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory (MCWL) was established in 1995, at Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia. The organization was originally known as the Commandant's Warfighting Laboratory.  
The battle lab is part of Combat Development and Integration—under Headquarters, United States Marine Corps—and its stated purpose is to improve current and future naval expeditionary warfare capabilities across the spectrum of conflict for current and future operating forces.

The organization is in charge of various aspects of advanced techniques and technology in the United States Marine Corps, and is also responsible for overseeing the Urban Warrior program.

Office of Naval Research
The Office of Naval Research (ONR) is an organization within the United States Department of the Navy responsible for the science and technology programs of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. Established by Congress in 1946, its mission is to plan, foster, and encourage scientific research to maintain future naval power and preserve national security. It carries this out through funding and collaboration with schools, universities, government laboratories, nonprofit organizations, and for-profit organizations, and overseeing the Naval Research Laboratory, the corporate research laboratory for the Navy and Marine Corps. NRL conducts a broad program of scientific research, technology and advanced development.

ONR's headquarters is in the Ballston neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia. ONR Global has offices overseas in Santiago, São Paulo, London, Prague, Singapore, and Tokyo.
Pentagrid converter
The pentagrid converter is a type of radio receiving valve (vacuum tube) with five grids used as the frequency mixer stage of a superheterodyne radio receiver.

The pentagrid was part of a line of development of valves that were able to take an incoming RF signal and change its frequency to a fixed intermediate frequency, which was then amplified and detected in the remainder of the receiver circuitry.  The device was generically referred to as a frequency changer or just mixer.

Control grid
The control grid is an electrode used in amplifying thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) such as the triode, tetrode and pentode, used to control the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode (plate) electrode.  The control grid usually consists of a cylindrical screen or helix of fine wire surrounding the cathode, and is surrounded in turn by the anode.  The control grid was invented by Lee De Forest, who in 1906  added a grid to the Fleming valve (thermionic diode) to create the first amplifying vacuum tube, the Audion (triode).
Scott Speed
Scott Andrew Speed (born January 24, 1983) is an American race car driver who has competed in numerous disciplines, including open-wheel, stock car, and rallycross racing.

In 2006, Speed became the first American driver to race in Formula One since Michael Andretti in 1993, when he made his début at the 2006 Bahrain Grand Prix for Scuderia Toro Rosso. He contested 28 races before he was replaced midway through the 2007 season by Sebastian Vettel. Speed later turned his career towards stock car racing, specifically NASCAR where he drove for Team Red Bull, Whitney Motorsports and Leavine Family Racing in the Sprint Cup Series. Subsequently, he moved into Global Rallycross with Andretti Autosport, winning the title in 2015, 2016 and 2017. He won the 2018 Americas Rallycross Championship with Andretti before racing in 2019 with Subaru Rally Team USA.

Clint Bowyer
Clinton Aaron Bowyer (born May 30, 1979) is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver and commentator for NASCAR on Fox.

He competed in the NASCAR Cup Series from 2005 to 2020, driving for Richard Childress Racing for eight years, Michael Waltrip Racing for four years, HScott Motorsports for one year, and Stewart–Haas Racing for four years. Bowyer won the 2008 Nationwide Series championship driving for RCR. Following the 2020 season, Bowyer retired from full-time racing and became an analyst for Fox Sports' NASCAR coverage.
Tim Pütz
Tim Pütz (German pronunciation: [ˈtɪm ˈpʏts]; born 19 November 1987) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 6 on 17 February 2025, and has won eleven doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Kevin Krawietz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. Pütz won the 2023 French Open in mixed doubles alongside Miyu Kato and was a finalist at the 2024 US Open with Krawietz.

He has also reached the semifinals at the 2023 Wimbledon. In singles, he has a career-high ranking of world No. 163, achieved in February 2015, reaching the second round at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships.

Pütz has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2017, most notably reaching the semifinals in 2021. He also competed at the Olympic Games with Kevin Krawietz in 2021, and in 2024 where they reached the quarterfinals.

Andreas Mies
Andreas Mies (German pronunciation: [anˈdʁeːas ˈmiːs]; born 21 August 1990) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.

He is a two-time Grand Slam champion, having won the French Open doubles title in both 2019 and 2020 alongside compatriot Kevin Krawietz. The pair also reached the semifinals at the 2019 US Open and qualified for the 2019 and 2020 ATP Finals. Mies reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 8 on 4 November 2019, and has won five doubles titles on the ATP Tour. He played college tennis for the Auburn Tigers, and has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2019.
Fukushima United FC
Fukushima United FC (福島ユナイテッドFC, Fukushima Yunaiteddo Efushī) is a Japanese football club from Fukushima City, the capital of Fukushima Prefecture. They currently play in the J3 League, Japan's third tier of professional football.

Azul Claro Numazu
Azul Claro Numazu (アスルクラロ沼津, Asuru Kuraro Numazu) is a Japanese professional football team based in Numazu, Shizuoka Prefecture. They are set to play in Japan Football League from 2026 to 2027, the fourth tier of Japanese football after relegation from J3 League in 2025.
Bundesautobahn 40
Bundesautobahn 40 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 40, short form Autobahn 40, abbreviated as BAB 40 or A 40), (named A 430 until the early 1990s) is one of the most used Autobahns in Germany. It crosses the Dutch-German border as a continuation of the Dutch A67 and crosses the Rhine, leads through the Ruhr valley toward Bochum, becoming B 1 (Bundesstraße 1) at the Kreuz Dortmund West and eventually merging into the A 44 near Holzwickede.

It has officially been named Ruhrschnellweg (Ruhr Fast Way), but locals usually call it Ruhrschleichweg (Ruhr Crawling Way) or "the Ruhr area's longest parking lot". According to Der Spiegel, it is the most congested motorway in Germany.

In the city of Essen, a Stadtbahn service operates on the median of the A 40 between Tunnel Ruhrschnellweg and Mülheim-Heißen. Between the Essen-Huttrop and the Essen-Kray junctions, there is a guided bus system called Spurbus.

Bundesautobahn 42
Bundesautobahn 42 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 42, short form Autobahn 42, abbreviated as BAB 42 or A 42) is an autobahn in western Germany. It connects Kamp-Lintfort with Castrop-Rauxel, linking several large cities in the Ruhr area, such as Dortmund, Duisburg, the North of Essen and Gelsenkirchen. It is colloquially known as Emscherschnellweg, after the river Emscher, which it roughly follows. Construction went underway in the 1970s and 1980s.
Roland Barthes
Roland Gérard Barthes (/bɑːrt/; French: [ʁɔlɑ̃ baʁt]; 12 November 1915 – 26 March 1980) was a French literary theorist, essayist, philosopher, critic, and semiotician. His work engaged in the analysis of a variety of sign systems, mainly derived from Western popular culture. His ideas explored a diverse range of fields, including structuralism, anthropology, literary theory, and post-structuralism, and influenced the development of multiple schools of theory.

Barthes is particularly notable for his 1957 essay collection Mythologies, which contained reflections on popular culture, and the 1967/1968 essay "The Death of the Author", which critiqued traditional approaches in literary criticism. During his academic career he was primarily associated with the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) and the Collège de France.

Lucien Goldmann
Lucien Goldmann (French: [ɡɔldman]; 20 July 1913 – 8 October 1970) was a French philosopher and sociologist of Jewish-Romanian origin. A professor at the EHESS in Paris, he was a Marxist theorist. His wife was sociologist Annie Goldmann.
Simon I of Kartli
Simon I the Great (Georgian: სიმონ I დიდი, romanized: simon I didi), also known as Svimon (Georgian: სვიმონი, romanized: svimoni; c. 1537 – 1611), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king (mepe) of the Georgian Kingdom of Kartli from 1556 to 1569 and again from 1578 to 1599. His first tenure was marked by war against the Persian domination of Georgia. In 1569 he was captured by the Persians, and spent nine years in captivity. In 1578 he was released and reinstalled in Kartli. During this period (i.e. his second tenure), he fought as a Persian subject against the Ottoman domination of Georgia. In 1599 Simon I was captured by the Ottomans and died in captivity. During 1557 to 1569 he was known as Mahmud Khan (Persian: محمود خان, romanized: Mahmūd Khān) and from 1578 to 1599 as Shahnavaz Khan (Persian: شاهنواز خان, romanized: Shāhnavāz Khān). He was also referred to as Simon the Mad (Turkish: Deli Simon) by the Ottomans.

Alexander II of Kakheti
Alexander II (Georgian: ალექსანდრე II, romanized: aleksandre II) (1527 – March 12, 1605) of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king (mepe) of Kakheti in eastern Georgia from 1574 to 1605. In spite of a precarious international situation, he managed to retain relative economic stability in his kingdom and tried to establish contacts with the Tsardom of Russia. Alexander fell victim to the Iran-sponsored coup led by his own son, Constantine I.
Danny Miller (actor)
Daniel Benedict  Miller (born 2 January 1991) is an English actor. He is known for portraying the role of Aaron Dingle in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale, for which he has won the British Soap Award for Best Actor in 2011, 2012 and 2016. He won the twenty-first series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.

Isobel Steele
Isobel Victoria Steele (born 28 December 2000) is an English actress and singer. She is known for her role as Liv Flaherty in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale from February 2016 to October 2022, for which she was nominated for and won various awards, including a nomination for the British Soap Award for Best Newcomer in 2016, and winning the Best Young Actor award at both the British Soap Awards and the Inside Soap Awards.
General Archive of the Indies
The Archivo General de Indias (Spanish pronunciation: [aɾˈtʃiβo xeneˈɾal de ˈindjas]; standard abbreviation AGI; lit. 'General Archive of the Indies'), often simply called the Archive of the Indies, was created by Charles III and inaugurated in 1785. It is housed in the former merchant guild building in Seville, Spain, built in the late 16th century. It became the repository of archival materials documenting the history of the Spanish Empire in the Americas and Asia. The building was designed by Juan de Herrera; it is an Italianate example of Spanish Renaissance architecture. This structure and its contents were registered in 1987 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, together with the adjoining Seville Cathedral and the Alcázar of Seville.

National Historical Archive (Spain)
The National Historical Archive of Spain (Archivo Histórico Nacional) is based in Serrano Street in Madrid.
It was founded in the nineteenth century when it shared a building with the Real Academia de la Historia.

The collections of the Archive include sections housed outside Madrid, for example the General Archive of the Spanish Civil War in Salamanca.