hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Massachusetts House of Representatives
The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court, the state legislature of Massachusetts. It is composed of 160 members elected from 14 counties each divided into single-member electoral districts across the Commonwealth. The House of Representatives convenes at the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital of Massachusetts.

John L. Bates
John Lewis Bates (September 18, 1859 – June 8, 1946) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Massachusetts.

Bates worked to promote East Boston, securing legislative approval of the first tunnel under Boston Harbor, joining the neighborhood to the rest of the city. From 1903 to 1905, he served as the 41st governor of Massachusetts, upsetting the Republican establishment with his organizing tactics and alienating his own supporters with some of his conservative executive actions and proposals.

Later in life, he served as chair of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1917–1918.
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid (IUPAC: prop-2-enoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH.  It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than a million tons are produced annually.

Methyl methacrylate
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.  This colorless liquid, the methyl ester of methacrylic acid (MAA), is a monomer produced on a large scale for the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
Hanumangarh district
Hanumangarh district is a district in the state of Rajasthan in India. The city of Hanumangarh is the district headquarters and its largest city. Hanumangarh district is located in northern part of the state.

Anupgarh district
Anupgarh district was a new north-west district of Rajasthan state in India. It was established on 5 August 2023 after carving it out of Sri Ganganagar District. It was re-merged in Sri Ganganagar District with a notification issued by Rajasthan Government on 29 December 2024.
Low Ki
Brandon Silvestry (born September 6, 1979) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Low Ki. He is known for his time  with TNA Wrestling, Ring of Honor and Major League Wrestling as Low Ki and Senshi and  with WWE as Kaval.

He is a one-time PWG World Champion, the inaugural ROH World Champion, one-time MLW World Heavyweight Champion and a three-time NWA World Tag Team Champion, and has won a number of tournaments and other championships on the independent circuit, and was the winner of the second season of NXT in 2010. Silvestry has also worked extensively in Japan, most notably for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he was a three-time IWGP Junior Heavyweight Champion, and Pro Wrestling Zero-One (Zero-One), where he was a one-time Zero-One International Junior Heavyweight and NWA International Lightweight Tag Team Champion. He is a three time world champion, and is the only wrestler in history to have been ROH, PWG, and MLW World Champion.

East Coast Wrestling Association
East Coast Wrestling Association (ECWA) is an American professional wrestling promotion, founded in 1967 by promoter Jim Kettner. It is home to the annual Super 8 Tournament, one of the longest-running independent wrestling tournaments in the country, as well as the annual ECWA Women's Super 8 Tournament. In 2010, Kettner announced his retirement and turned the promotion over to Mike Tartaglia and Joe Zanolle. Mike Tartaglia officially put the company on hiatus on June 5, 2019. In December 2019, Tartaglia sold the promotion to Zanolle.
Chongsong station
Chongsŏng station is a railway station in Chongsŏng-rodongjagu, Onsŏng County, North Hamgyŏng, North Korea, on the Hambuk Line of the Korean State Railway; it is also the starting point of the 15.6 km-long branchline to Tongp'o.

Chōsen Government Railway
The Chōsen Government Railway (朝鮮總督府鐵道, Chōsen sōtokufu tetsudō) (Korean: 조선총독부 철도; RR: Joseon Chongdokbu Cheoldo) was a state-owned railway company in Korea during Japanese rule. It was also colloquially known by the abbreviated name Sentetsu (鮮鐵). It was the operational division of the Railway Bureau of the Government-General of Chōsen (朝鮮總督府鐵道局, Chōsen sōtokufu tetsudōkyoku; Korean: 철도국; RR: Cheoldoguk), which managed and operated railways in Chōsen, as well as supervised privately owned railway companies.
Serbianisation
Serbianisation or Serbianization, also known as Serbification, and Serbisation or Serbization (Serbo-Croatian: srbizacija / србизација or posrbljavanje / посрбљавање; Albanian: serbizimi; Bulgarian: сърбизация, romanized: sarbizatsiya or Bulgarian: посръбване, romanized: posrabvane; Macedonian: србизација, romanized: srbizacija; Romanian: serbificare) is the spread of Serbian culture, people, and language, either by social integration or by cultural or forced assimilation.

Politis–Kalfov Protocol
The Politis–Kalfov Protocol (Bulgarian: Спогодба Калфов – Политис; Greek: Πρωτόκολλο Πολίτη – Καλφώφ) was a bilateral agreement signed in 1924 at the League of Nations in Geneva between Greece and Bulgaria. It addressed the "protection of the Bulgarian minority in Greece". However it was never ratified by the Greek government.
Ferry
A ferry is a boat or ship that transports passengers, and occasionally vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A small passenger ferry with multiple stops, like those in Venice, Italy, is sometimes referred to as a water taxi or water bus.

Ferries form a part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities and islands, allowing direct transit between points at a capital cost much lower than bridges or tunnels. Ship connections of much larger distances (such as over long distances in water bodies like the Baltic Sea) may also be called ferry services, and many carry vehicles.

Aleson Shipping Lines
Aleson Shipping Lines, Inc. is a shipping company based in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Their services include routes to Sandakan, Malaysia and over Dapitan to Dumaguete. They also ship cargo from Zamboanga City to Manila with 12 of their container carriers.
Vallejo, California
Vallejo (/vəˈleɪ(h)oʊ/ və-LAY-(h)oh; Spanish pronunciation: [baˈʎexo] ⓘ) is a city in Solano County, California, United States, and the second largest city in the North Bay region of the Bay Area. Located on the shores of San Pablo Bay, the city had a population of 126,090 at the 2020 United States census. Vallejo is home to the California Maritime Academy, Touro University California and Six Flags Discovery Kingdom.

Vallejo is named after Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, the famed Californio general and statesman. The city was founded in 1851 on General Vallejo's Rancho Suscol to serve as the capital city of California, which it was from 1852 to 1853, after which the Californian government moved to neighboring Benicia, named in honor of Vallejo's wife Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo. The Mare Island Naval Shipyard was founded in 1854, and defined Vallejo's economy until the turn of the 21st century.

Bill Graham (promoter)
Bill Graham (born Wulf Wolodia Grajonca; January 8, 1931 – October 25, 1991) was a German-born American impresario and rock concert promoter.

In the early 1960s, Graham moved to San Francisco, and in 1965, began to manage the San Francisco Mime Troupe. He had teamed up with local Haight Ashbury promoter Chet Helms to organize a benefit concert, then promoted several free concerts. This eventually turned into a profitable full-time career and he assembled a talented staff. Graham had a profound influence around the world, sponsoring the musical renaissance of the 1960s from its epicenter in San Francisco.  Chet Helms and then Graham made famous the Fillmore and Winterland Ballroom; these turned out to be a proving grounds for rock bands and acts of the San Francisco Bay area including the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, and Big Brother and the Holding Company with Janis Joplin, who were first managed, and in some cases developed, by Helms.
Anápolis
Anápolis (/əˈnæpəlɪs/ ⓘ ə-NAP-əl-iss, Brazilian Portuguese: [ɐˈnapolis]) is a Brazilian city in the state of Goiás. It is located between two capitals, the federal capital Brasília and state capital Goiânia. It is the third most populous city in the state, with 398,869 inhabitants according to the Brazilian Institute of Geographic and Statistics in 2022. It is an important industrial and logistics center in the Brazilian Central-West. Its GDP is R$ 10 billion, approximately US$4.4 billion, which makes it the second largest in the state. The city became an industrial power after the implementation of its Industrial District in 1970.

Alto Paraíso de Goiás
Alto Paraíso de Goiás, usually referred to as Alto Paraíso, is a municipality located in the northeastern region of the state of Goiás, Brazil. The city is located in the Chapada dos Veadeiros and, since 2001, in the environmental protection area (APA) of Pouso Alto. Alto Paraíso is about 220 km from Brasília and 412 km from Goiânia. Alto Paraíso is located in the central Brazilian Highlands, a region characterized by the cerrado biome,  also known as the Brazilian savannah. The region offers many natural and cultural attractions related to the ecotourism.
Thomas Tew
Thomas Tew (died September 1695), also known as the Rhode Island Pirate, was a 17th-century English privateer-turned-pirate. He embarked on two major pirate voyages and met a bloody death on the second, and he pioneered the route which became known as the Pirate Round. Other infamous pirates in his path included Henry Avery and William Kidd.

Benjamin Fletcher
Benjamin Fletcher (14 May 1640 – 28 May 1703) was colonial governor of New York from 1692 to 1697.  Fletcher was known for the Ministry Act of 1693, which secured the place of Anglicans as the official religion in New York.  He also built the first Trinity Church in 1698.

Under Col. Fletcher, piracy was a leading economic development tool in the city's competition with the ports of Boston and Philadelphia. New York City had become a safe place for pirates.  Fletcher was eventually fired for his association with piracy.
Kulturkampf
The Kulturkampf (German pronunciation: [kʊlˈtuːɐ̯ˌkamp͡f]; lit. 'Cultural Struggle') was the seven-year political conflict (1871–1878) between the Catholic Church in Germany led by Pope Pius IX and the Kingdom of Prussia, led by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, as well as other German states. The Prussian church-and-state political conflict was about the church's direct control over both education and ecclesiastical appointments in the Prussian kingdom. Moreover, when compared to other church-and-state conflicts about political culture, the Kulturkampf of Prussia also featured anti-Polish sentiment.

In modern political usage, the German term Kulturkampf describes any conflict (political, ideological, or social) between the secular government and the religious authorities of a society. The term also describes the great and small culture wars among political factions who hold deeply opposing values and beliefs within a nation, a community, and a cultural group.

Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler
Baron Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler (25 December 1811 – 13 July 1877) was a German theologian and politician who served as Bishop of Mainz. His social teachings became influential during the papacy of Leo XIII and his encyclical Rerum novarum.
Porta a Porta
Porta a Porta (lit. 'Door-to-door') is an Italian late night television talk show hosted by the Italian journalist Bruno Vespa and is broadcast on Rai Uno since 1996, lasting 23 seasons. Its first episode aired on January 22, 1996. The show airs on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays.

Italia Viva
Italia Viva (lit. 'Italy Alive', IV) is a liberal political party in Italy founded in September 2019. The party is led by Matteo Renzi, a former Prime Minister of Italy and former secretary of the Democratic Party (PD). As of 2021, Italia Viva is a member of the European Democratic Party.
"Little" North Western Railway
The North Western Railway (NWR) was an early British railway company in the north-west of England. It was commonly known as the "Little" North Western Railway, to distinguish it from the larger London and North Western Railway (LNWR).

The NWR was first leased, and later taken over, by the Midland Railway (MR). The MR used part of the line for its London to Scotland Settle and Carlisle main line.

The NWR main line, which ran from Skipton in the West Riding of Yorkshire to Morecambe on the Lancashire coast, gave the MR access to the west coast in an area dominated by the rival LNWR.

Part of the line, between Lancaster and Morecambe, was used in the early twentieth century for pioneering overhead electrification.

Two-thirds of the line, in North Yorkshire, is still in use today, mainly for local services. Of the dismantled Lancashire section, two-thirds has been reused as a combined cyclepath and footpath.

Ingleton railway station (Midland Railway)
Ingleton (Midland) railway station was one of two stations serving the village of Ingleton, North Yorkshire, England. It was originally open for just ten months between 1849 and 1850, and did not reopen until 1861. It then served as the frontier between the Midland Railway to the south and the London and North Western Railway to the North, with trains from each railway terminating at the station. Through trains did not begin until the two companies were merged in 1923. The station closed in 1954. The village's Community Centre is now on the site of the former station.
Westchester, Los Angeles
Westchester is a neighborhood in the City of Los Angeles, California, United States.

It is home to Los Angeles International Airport, Loyola Marymount University, Otis College of Art and Design, and Westchester Enriched Sciences Magnet Schools (formerly Westchester High School).

Westside, Los Angeles
The Westside of Los Angeles is an urban region in western Los Angeles County, California, United States, containing part of the City of Los Angeles, independent municipalities, and unincorporated areas of the county.  It has no official definition, but sources like LA Weekly and the Mapping L.A. survey of the Los Angeles Times place the region on the western side of the Los Angeles Basin south of the Santa Monica Mountains.
Martin PBM Mariner
The Martin PBM Mariner is a twin-engine American patrol bomber flying boat of World War II and the early Cold War era. It was designed to complement the Consolidated PBY Catalina and PB2Y Coronado in service. A total of 1,366 PBMs were built, with the first example flying on 18 February 1939, and the type entering service in September 1940, with the last of the type being retired in 1964.

A Mariner, otherwise noted for its WW2 and post-War service, was the type that vanished searching for Flight 19. Flight 19 vanished in the Bermuda Triangle; it and the Mariner that searched for it were never found with its 14 crew, though it was thought to have suffered a mid-air explosion. Another noted crash was the 1946 Antarctica PBM Mariner crash in December 1946.

William Sample
William Dodge Sample (March 9, 1898 – October 2, 1945) was a rear admiral in the United States Navy and an Escort Carrier Division commander in World War II. He was the youngest rear admiral in the Pacific Theater of World War II.
Derry
Derry, officially Londonderry, is the second-largest city in Northern Ireland. Located in County Londonderry, the city now covers both banks of the River Foyle. Cityside and the old walled city being on the west bank and Waterside on the east, with two road bridges and one footbridge crossing the river in-between.

The population of the city was 85,279 in the 2021 census, while the Derry Urban Area had a population of 105,066 in 2011. The district administered by Derry City and Strabane District Council contains both Londonderry Port and City of Derry Airport. Derry is close to the border with County Donegal, with which it has had a close link for many centuries. The person traditionally seen as the founder of the original Derry is Saint Colmcille, a holy man from Tír Chonaill, the old name for almost all of modern County Donegal, of which the west bank of the Foyle was a part before 1610.

In 2013, Derry was the inaugural UK City of Culture, having been awarded the title in 2010.

Terence O'Neill
Terence Marne O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, PC (NI) (10 September 1914 – 12 June 1990), was the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and leader (1963–1969) of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). A moderate unionist who sought to reconcile sectarian divisions in Northern Ireland society and met with his counterpart in the Irish Republic, he was a member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland for the Bannside constituency from 1946 until his resignation in January 1970.
Joe Doering
Joseph Doering (born April 16, 1982) is an American professional wrestler currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he was a member of Violent By Design. He is currently inactive due to cancer surgery. He is a former two-time Impact World Tag Team Champion alongside Eric Young and Deaner, holding the title under the Freebird rule. Doering is best known for his time in All Japan Pro Wrestling, where he has had two reigns as the Triple Crown Heavyweight Champion. He also performed for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where he competed in their developmental territory, Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), under the ring name Drake Brewer.

Mahabali Shera
Amanpreet Singh Randhawa (born 2 May 1990) is an Indian professional wrestler, He is signed to Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he performs under the ring name Mahabali Shera or simply Shera. He also had a brief stint under contract with WWE in 2018. He is best known for his time Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).
Hungarian language
Hungarian, or Magyar (Magyar nyelv, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈɲɛlv] ⓘ), is a Ugric language of the Uralic language family spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighboring countries. It is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Outside Hungary, it is also spoken by Hungarian communities in southern Slovakia, western Ukraine (Transcarpathia), central and western Romania (Transylvania), northern Serbia (Vojvodina), northern Croatia, northeastern Slovenia (Prekmurje), and eastern Austria (Burgenland).

It is also spoken by Hungarian diaspora communities worldwide, especially in North America (particularly the United States and Canada) and Israel. With 14 million speakers, it is the Uralic family's most widely spoken language.

Orșova
Orșova (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈorʃova]; Hungarian: Orsova; German: Orschowa; Serbian: Оршава/Oršava; Turkish: Irşova) is a port city on the Danube river in southwestern Romania's Mehedinți County. It is one of four localities in the Banat historical region situated just above the Iron Gates where the Cerna River meets the Danube.
BBC Radio Sussex
BBC Radio Sussex is the BBC's local radio station serving the counties of East and West Sussex.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios on Queens Road in Brighton.

According to RAJAR, BBC Radio Surrey and BBC Radio Sussex share a combined weekly audience of 192,000 listeners and a 3.7% share as of December 2023.

Seahaven FM
Seahaven FM is the local radio station covering Eastbourne, Lewes, Newhaven, Peacehaven, Polegate and Seaford in East Sussex.

Working from studios in Seaford under an Ofcom Community Radio Licence, on a not-for-profit basis. The station began broadcasting full-time on 96.3Mhz in January 2011. Initially covering Newhaven, Seaford and parts of Peacehaven. In 2019 coverage was enhanced improving the signal to the existing area and could also extending it to most of the county town of Lewes. At the end of November 2020 an extension was approved by Ofcom which enabled the station to cover all of Eastbourne which includes Polegate and Pevensey on 95.6Mhz.
Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)
The Greater Poland uprising of 1918–1919, or Wielkopolska uprising of 1918–1919 (Polish: powstanie wielkopolskie 1918–1919 roku; German: Großpolnischer Aufstand) or Poznań War was a military insurrection of Poles in the Greater Poland region (German: Grand Duchy of Posen or Provinz Posen) against German rule. The uprising had a significant effect on the Treaty of Versailles, which granted a reconstituted Second Polish Republic the area won by the Polish insurrectionists. The region had been part of the Kingdom of Poland and then Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth before the 1793 Second Partition of Poland when it was annexed by the German Kingdom of Prussia. It had also, following the 1806 Greater Poland uprising, been part of the Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815), a French client state during the Napoleonic Wars.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Hull classification symbol
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol (sometimes called hull code or hull number) to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.

Tugboat
A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, such as in crowded harbors or narrow canals, or cannot move at all, such as barges, disabled ships, log rafts, or oil platforms. Some are ocean-going, and some are icebreakers or salvage tugs. Early models were powered by steam engines, which were later superseded by diesel engines. Many have deluge gun water jets, which help in firefighting, especially in harbours.
Lahn
The Lahn (German pronunciation: [laːn] ⓘ) is a 245.6-kilometre-long (152.6 mi), right (or eastern) tributary of the Rhine in Germany. Its course passes through the federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (23.0 km), Hesse (165.6 km), and Rhineland-Palatinate (57.0 km).

It has its source in the Rothaargebirge, the highest part of the Sauerland, in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Lahn meets the Rhine at Lahnstein, near Koblenz. Important cities along the Lahn include Marburg, Gießen, Wetzlar, Limburg an der Lahn, Weilburg and Bad Ems.

Tributaries to the Lahn include the Ohm, Dill, the Weil and the Aar. The lower Lahn has many dams with locks, allowing regular shipping from its mouth up to Runkel. Riverboats also operate on a small section north of the dam in Gießen.

Idstein
Idstein (German: [ˈɪtʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town of about 25,000 inhabitants in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. Because of its well preserved historical Altstadt (old town), it is part of the Deutsche Fachwerkstraße (German Timber-Frame Road), connecting towns with fine fachwerk buildings and houses. In 2002, the town hosted the 42nd Hessentag state festival.