hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John King Fairbank
John King Fairbank (May 24, 1907 – September 14, 1991) was an American historian of China and United States–China relations. He taught at Harvard University from 1936 until his retirement in 1977. He is credited with building the field of China studies in the United States after World War II with his organizational ability, his mentorship of students, support of fellow scholars, and formulation of basic concepts to be tested.

The Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies at Harvard is named after him. Among his most widely read books are The United States and China, first published in 1948 and revised editions in 1958, 1979, and 1983; East Asia: The Great Tradition (1960) and East Asia The Great Transformation (1965), co-authored with Edwin O. Reischauer; and his co-edited series, The Cambridge History of China.

Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; Latin: philosophiae doctor or doctor in philosophia) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated PhD (or, at times, as Ph.D. in North America) and is pronounced as three separate letters (/ˌpiːeɪtʃˈdiː/ PEE-aych-DEE). The University of Oxford uses the alternative abbreviation "DPhil".

PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Since it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a dissertation, and, in some cases, defend their work before a panel of other experts in the field. In many fields, the completion of a PhD is typically required for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist.
Fiction Records
Fiction Records is a British record label founded by Chris Parry in 1978, owned by Universal Music Group and based in the United Kingdom. It is best known for being the home of the Cure for over 20 years. It was originally a part of Polydor, but in January 2014, Universal restructured Fiction as a standalone label, removing it from Polydor's corporate affiliation. Fiction repertoire is now released internationally through Virgin (ex-North America).

Jacknife Lee
Garret "Jacknife" Lee is an Irish music producer and mixer. He has worked with a variety of artists, including the Cars, U2, R.E.M., the Killers, Robbie Williams, Snow Patrol, Bloc Party, Two Door Cinema Club, AFI, the Hives, Weezer, One Direction, Silversun Pickups, Editors, Modest Mouse, Lonnie Holley and Taylor Swift.
Queen Anne Stakes
The Queen Anne Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and is scheduled to take place each year in June.

Goldikova
Goldikova (15 March 2005 – 5 January 2021) was an Irish-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse who was the 2010 European Horse of the Year. A filly, Goldikova won a total of 14 Group One races in her home country, Great Britain and the United States, with nine victories over male horses. She is the only European-trained horse to have won more than ten Group One races. Trained by Freddy Head, Goldikova is the only horse to have won three (2008, 2009, 2010) Breeders' Cup Mile races. She was ridden by Olivier Peslier in all of her races.
Aichach-Friedberg
Aichach-Friedberg is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the districts of Augsburg, Donau-Ries, Neuburg-Schrobenhausen, Pfaffenhofen, Dachau, Fürstenfeldbruck and Landsberg, as well as by the city of Augsburg.

Districts of Germany
In 13 German states, the primary administrative subdivision higher than a Gemeinde (municipality) is the Landkreis (German pronunciation: [ˈlantˌkʁaɪs] ⓘ) or Kreis ([kʁaɪs] ⓘ). Most major cities in Germany are not part of any Kreis, but instead combine the functions of a municipality and a Kreis; such a city is referred to as a kreisfreie Stadt ([ˈkʁaɪsfʁaɪə ˈʃtat]) or Stadtkreis ([ˈʃtatˌkʁaɪs] ⓘ).

(Land-)Kreise stand at an intermediate level of administration between each state (Länder) and the municipalities (Gemeinden) within it. These correspond to level-3 administrative units in the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS 3).

Previously, the similar title Imperial Circle (Reichskreis) referred to groups of states in the Holy Roman Empire. The related term Landeskommissariat was used for similar administrative divisions in some German territories until the 19th century.
Mainstream Rock (chart)
Mainstream Rock is a music chart published by Billboard magazine that ranks the most-played songs on mainstream rock radio stations in the United States. It is an administrative category that combines the "active rock" and "heritage rock" formats. The chart was launched in March 1981 as Rock Albums & Top Tracks. The name changed multiple times afterwards: first to Top Rock Tracks, then to Album Rock Tracks, and finally to its current Mainstream Rock in 1996. The first number-one song on this chart was "I Can't Stand It" by Eric Clapton on March 21, 1981.

Saving Abel
Saving Abel is an American rock band from Corinth, Mississippi, founded in 2004 by Jason Null and Jared Weeks. The band is named after the biblical story of Cain and Abel, in which a man named Cain kills his brother Abel. Band member Jason Null thought up the band title saying "I Googled the story of Cain and Abel and found a line about 'there was no saving Abel', which just jumped out at me".
Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.

Ramrod
A ramrod (or scouring stick) is a metal or wooden device used with muzzleloading firearms to push the projectile up against the propellant (mainly blackpowder). The ramrod was used with weapons such as muskets and cannons and was usually held in a notch underneath the barrel.
Chabab SC Ghazieh
Chabab Sporting Club Ghazieh (Arabic: نادي الشباب الرياضي الغازيه, lit. 'Youth of Ghazieh Sporting Club'), known as Chabab Ghazieh or simply Ghazieh, is a football club based in Ghazieh, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Second Division. Founded in 1961, the club plays their home matches at the Kfarjoz Stadium.

Shabab Baalbek SC
Shabab Baalbek Sport Club (Arabic: نادي تجمع شباب بعلبك الرياضي) is a football club based in Baalbek, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Second Division Founded in 1986 as Nabi Chit Sport Club (Arabic: نادي النبي شيت الرياضي), the club was known as Bekaa Sport Club (Arabic: نادي البقاع الرياضي) between 2018 and 2020, and is primarily supported by the Shia Muslim community.
2014 European Curling Championships
The 2014 European Curling Championships were held November 22 to 29 at the Palladium de Champéry in Champéry, Switzerland. Switzerland last hosted the European Curling Championships in 2010, when it was also held in Champéry. The Group C competitions was held in October at the PWA Silverdome in Zoetermeer, the Netherlands.

At the conclusion of the championships, the top eight women's teams will go to the 2015 World Women's Curling Championship in Sapporo, and the top eight men's teams will go to the 2015 Ford World Men's Curling Championship in Halifax.

This edition of the European Curling Championships marks the first appearance of Israel at an international curling event. The Israeli men's curling team will compete in the Group C tournament in Zoetermeer.

2015 European Curling Championships
The 2015 European Curling Championships were held from November 20 to 28 in Esbjerg, Denmark. Denmark last hosted the European Curling Championships in 1996 in Copenhagen. The Group C competitions were held during October in Champéry, Switzerland.

At the conclusion of the championships, the top eight women's teams went to the 2016 Ford World Women's Curling Championship in Swift Current, and the top seven men's teams to the 2016 World Men's Curling Championship in Basel.
Höxter
Höxter (German pronunciation: [ˈhœkstɐ] ⓘ) is  a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the left bank of the river Weser, 52 km (32 miles) north of Kassel. It lies the heart of the Weser Uplands, and is the seat of the Höxter district. The district of Höxter has a population of 30,000, with the city itself making up around half of the population. Historical place names of Höxter are Hoxer and Huxaria.

Hann. Münden
Hann. Münden (German pronunciation: [ˈhan ˈmʏndn̩]; short for Hannoversch Münden [haˈnoːfɐʃ ˈmʏndn̩] ⓘ) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. Münden lies in the district of Göttingen at the confluence of the Fulda and Werra rivers, which join to form the Weser. It has about 24,000 inhabitants (2013). It is famous for its half-timbered houses, some of them more than 600 years old. There are 10 million cobblestones around the town.
Höngg
Höngg is a quarter in district 10 in Zürich.

It was formerly a municipality of its own, having been incorporated into Zürich in 1934.

As of 2024, the quarter has a population of 24,810, distributed across an area of 6.98 km2.

Höngg is renowned for its funfairs, such as the Wümmetfest and the Räbeliechtli Umzug.

The Protestant church Alte Kirche Höngg is the main church of Höngg.

Witikon
Witikon is a quarter in the district 7 in Zürich.

It was formerly a municipality of its own, having been incorporated into Zürich in 1934.

As of 2025, the quarter has a population of 11,747 distributed on an area of 4.93 km2 (1.90 sq mi).

Witikon is located between the southwestern flank of the Adlisberg and the western flank of the Öschbrig.
National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.

2022 NBA draft
The 2022 NBA draft (branded as the 2022 NBA Draft presented by State Farm for sponsorship reasons), the 76th edition of the National Basketball Association's annual draft, was held on June 23, 2022, at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York. The 2022 edition marked a return to the draft's normal June date after postponements were made in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This draft was the first of at least three straight NBA drafts that consisted of only 58 picks instead of the typical 60 due to the loss of a second-round pick for both the Milwaukee Bucks and the Miami Heat for violating the NBA's tampering rules during free agency. The first pick was made by the Orlando Magic, who selected Paolo Banchero from Duke. Banchero went on to win Rookie of the Year.
Minister for Health and Ageing
The Minister for Health and Ageing is the position in the Australian cabinet responsible for national health and wellbeing and medical research. The incumbent Minister is Labor MP Mark Butler.

In the Government of Australia, the minister is responsible for national health and medical research policy, providing direction and oversight of the Department of Health, Disability and Ageing.

Minister for Sport (Australia)
The Minister for Sport is a ministerial position in the Australian Government, currently held by Anika Wells since 1 June 2022. The minister administers the portfolio through the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications, Sport and the Arts.
Soy sauce
Soy sauce (sometimes called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, traditionally made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus sojae molds. It is recognized for its saltiness and pronounced umami taste.

Soy sauce was created in its current form about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China. Since then, it has become an important ingredient in East and Southeast Asian cooking as well as a condiment worldwide.

Udon
Udon (うどん or 饂飩) is a thick noodle made from wheat flour, used in Japanese cuisine. There are a variety of ways it is prepared and served. Its simplest form is in a soup as kake udon with a mild broth called kakejiru made from dashi, soy sauce, and mirin. It is usually topped with thinly chopped scallions. Other common toppings include prawn tempura, kakiage (mixed tempura fritter), abura-age (sweet, deep-fried tofu pouches), kamaboko (sliced fish cake), and shichimi spice added to taste.

Standard broth differs by region. Dark (koikuchi) soy sauce is added in eastern Japan, while light (usukuchi) soy sauce is added in the west. Instant noodles are often sold in two (or more) versions accordingly.

More unusual variants include stir-fried yaki udon and curry udon made with Japanese curry. Udon is often used as the final dish in shabu shabu or Japanese hot pot.
Lifetime (TV channel)
Lifetime is an American basic cable channel that is part of Lifetime Entertainment Services, a subsidiary of A+E Global Media, which is jointly owned by Hearst Communications and the Walt Disney Company. It features programming that is geared toward women or features women in lead roles.
As of November 2023, Lifetime is available to approximately 63,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.

As of November 2023, Lifetime has garnered nominations for 63 Emmy Awards, 8 Golden Globe Awards and 20 Critics' Choice Movie Awards.

Mario Lopez
Mario Lopez (born October 10, 1973) is an American actor and television host. He has appeared on several television series, in films, and on Broadway. He is known for his portrayal of A.C. Slater on Saved by the Bell, Saved by the Bell: The College Years, and the 2020 sequel series. He has appeared in numerous projects since, including the third season of Dancing with the Stars and as host for the syndicated entertainment news magazine shows Extra and Access Hollywood. He has also hosted America's Best Dance Crew for MTV. In 2012, he co-hosted the second season of the American version of The X Factor with Khloé Kardashian, and was the sole host for the third and final season.
Higher Secondary Certificate
Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC), Higher Secondary School Certificate, Higher Secondary Education Certificate (HSEC) or Intermediate Examination is a secondary education qualification in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is equivalent to the final year of high school in the United States and A level in the United Kingdom.

Cambridge O-Level
Cambridge O-Level is one of many school qualifications offered by Cambridge International Education (CIE) for students typically aged 14–16. It is considered equivalent to the UK General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) and the IGCSE (also offered by Cambridge), and acts as a foundation for CIE's higher-level school qualifications such as the Cambridge International AS & A Levels. The qualification is generally exam-based with little to no coursework options, and continues internationally as an adaptation of the GCE Ordinary Level, which was abolished in the United Kingdom in 1988.
The Mod Squad
The Mod Squad is an American crime drama series, originally broadcast for five seasons on ABC from September 24, 1968, to March 1, 1973. It starred Michael Cole as Peter "Pete" Cochran, Clarence Williams III as Lincoln "Linc" Hayes, Peggy Lipton as Julie Barnes, and Tige Andrews as Captain Adam Greer. The executive producers of the series were Aaron Spelling and Danny Thomas.

The counterculture police series earned six Emmy Award nominations, four Golden Globe nominations plus one win for Peggy Lipton, one Directors Guild of America Award, and four Logies. In 1970, the second-season episode, "In This Corner . . . Sol Alpert," script by Rita Lakin and Harve Bennett, was nominated by the Mystery Writers of America for an Edgar Award in the category of Best Mystery Teleplay, losing to the TV-Movie Daughter of the Mind.  In 1997, a 1970 episode "Mother of Sorrow" was ranked No. 95 on TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time.

Combat!
Combat! is an American television drama that originally aired on ABC from 1962 until 1967. The exclamation point in Combat! was depicted on-screen as a stylized bayonet.  The show covered the grim lives of a squad of American soldiers fighting the Germans in France during World War II. The first-season episode "A Day in June" shows D-Day as a flashback, hence the action occurs during and after June 1944. The program starred Rick Jason as platoon leader Second Lieutenant Gil Hanley and Vic Morrow as Sergeant "Chip" Saunders. Jason and Morrow would play the lead in alternating episodes in Combat!.
Long-tailed weasel
The long-tailed weasel (Neogale frenata), also known as the bridled weasel, masked ermine, or big stoat, is a species of weasel found in North, Central, and South America. It is distinct from the short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea), also known as a "stoat", a close relation in the genus Mustela that originated in Eurasia and crossed into North America some half million years ago; the two species are visually similar, having long, slender bodies and tails with short legs and a black tail tip.

Long-tailed weasels exhibit scale-dependent patterns of habitat selection, favoring forest patches, fencerows, and drainage ditches while avoiding agricultural fields. They typically make their habitats in forests and underground in burrows of other small mammals.

California vole
The California vole (Microtus californicus) is a type of vole which lives throughout much of California and part of southwestern Oregon. It is also known as the "California meadow mouse", a misnomer as this species is a vole, not a mouse. It averages 172 mm (6.8 in) in length although this length varies greatly between subspecies.
Peloponnese
The Peloponnese, Peloponnesus, or Morea, is a peninsula and geographic region in Southern Greece, and the southernmost region of the Balkans. It is connected to the central part of the country by the Isthmus of Corinth land bridge, which separates the Gulf of Corinth from the Saronic Gulf. From the late Middle Ages until the 19th century, the peninsula was known as the Morea, a name still in colloquial use in its demotic form.

The peninsula is divided among three administrative regions: most belong to the Peloponnese region, with smaller parts belonging to the West Greece and Attica regions.

Orestes
In Greek mythology, Orestes or Orestis (/ɒˈrɛstiːz/; Ancient Greek: Ὀρέστης [oréstɛːs]) was the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, and the brother of Electra and Iphigenia. He was also known by the patronymic Agamemnonides (Ἀγαμεμνονίδης), meaning "son of Agamemnon." He is the subject of several Ancient Greek plays and of various myths connected with his madness, revenge, and purification, which retain obscure threads of much older works. In particular Orestes plays a main role in Aeschylus' Oresteia.
Strumica
Strumica (Macedonian: Струмица, pronounced [ˈstrumit͡sa] ⓘ) is the largest city in southeastern North Macedonia and the country's ninth most populous overall, situated near the Novo Selo-Petrich border crossing with Bulgaria. About 54,676 people live in the city and its surrounding region. The city, which is the eponymous seat of the Strumica Municipality, is named after the Strumica River, a tributary of the Struma which runs through it.

Kavadarci
Kavadarci (Macedonian: Кавадарци [kaˈvadartsi] ⓘ) is a town in the Tikveš region of North Macedonia. In the heart of North Macedonia's wine country, it is home to the largest winery in Southeast Europe, named after the Tikveš plain. The town of Kavadarci is the seat of Kavadarci Municipality. Situated near Kavadarci is North Macedonia's largest artificial lake, Lake Tikveš.
Will County, Illinois
Will County is located in the northeastern part of the state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 696,355, an increase of 2.8% from 677,560 in 2010, making it Illinois's fourth-most populous county. The county seat is Joliet. Will County is one of the five collar counties of the Chicago metropolitan area. The portion of Will County around Joliet uses area codes 815 and 779, while 630 and 331 are for far northern Will County and 708 is for central and eastern Will County.

Elgin, Illinois
Elgin (/ˈɛldʒɪn/ EL-jin) is a city in Cook and Kane counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Chicago along the Fox River. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 114,797, making it the sixth-most populous city in the state.
Belton, Texas
Belton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. Belton is the county seat of Bell County and is the fifth largest city in the Killeen-Temple metropolitan area. In 2020, the population of Belton was 23,054, and the metro region had a population of 450,051 according to US Census estimates.

Middle Texas League
The Middle Texas League was a six–team Class D level minor league baseball league that played in the 1914 and 1915 seasons. The Middle Texas League featured franchises based in Texas. The Middle Texas League permanently folded during the 1915 season. Baseball Hall of Fame member Kid Nichols managed the 1914 Temple Tigers and Hall of Famer Ross Youngs played for the 1915 Bartlett Bearcats.
Vanity Fair (magazine)
Vanity Fair is an American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States.

The first version of Vanity Fair was published from 1913 to 1936, then it was merged into Vogue. Conde Nast revived the title in 1983. Vanity Fair currently publishes four international editions of the magazine. The four international editions of the magazine are the United Kingdom (since 1991), Italy (since 2003), Spain (since 2008), France (since 2013).

Los Angeles (magazine)
Los Angeles, formerly known as Southern California Prompter, is a monthly magazine based in Los Angeles, California. It focuses on telling regional news, culture, lifestyle, entertainment, and fashion stories from Los Angeles and the broader Southern California area.
Stapes
The stapes or stirrup is a bone in the middle ear of humans and other tetrapods which is involved in the conduction of sound vibrations to the inner ear. This bone is connected to the oval window by its annular ligament, which allows the footplate (or base) to transmit sound energy through the oval window into the inner ear. The stapes is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body, and is so-called because of its resemblance to a stirrup (Latin: Stapes).

Palate
The palate (/ˈpælɪt/) is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separated. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior, bony hard palate and the posterior, fleshy soft palate (or velum).