hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tony Briffa (politician)
Tony Briffa (born, 1970) is a Maltese-Australian politician who is notable for being the world's first known intersex mayor and public officeholder.

Briffa has partial androgen insensitivity syndrome, and was mayor of the City of Hobsons Bay, Victoria.

Briffa was raised as a girl, then lived for a time as a man, and now chooses to live as female. Briffa is one of the first people to be public about her experience of being mistreated by doctors as a result of her intersex variation, and about intersex human rights.

InterAction for Health and Human Rights
InterAction for Health and Human Rights (InterAction or (InterAction DownUnder) is a voluntary organisation for intersex people that promotes the human rights and bodily autonomy of intersex people in Australia, delivers psychosocial and peer support, and provides education and information services. Established in 2009 and incorporated as a charitable company in 2010, it was formerly known as Intersex Human Rights Australia and Organisation Intersex International Australia, or OII Australia, and changed its name with the merger into it of Intersex Peer Support Australia. It is recognised as a Public Benevolent Institution.
Francisco Sá Carneiro
Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro GCTE GCC GCL (Portuguese: [fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku ˈsa kɐɾˈnɐjɾu] ⓘ; 19 July 1934 – 4 December 1980) was a Portuguese politician, who was one of the founders and the first leader of the Social Democratic Party (then known as the Popular Democratic Party). He served as Prime Minister of Portugal for eleven months during 1980, until his death in a plane crash in Camarate on 4 December 1980.

Diogo Freitas do Amaral
Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (European Portuguese pronunciation: [diˈoɣu ˈfɾɐjtɐʒ ðu ɐmɐˈɾal]; 21 July 1941 – 3 October 2019) was a Portuguese politician and law professor. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 10 January 1980 to 12 January 1981 and from 12 March 2005 to 3 July 2006. He also served briefly as Prime Minister in an interim capacity in the early 1980s, after the death of Francisco de Sá Carneiro.
United States men's national rugby league team
The United States national rugby league team represents the United States in international rugby league competitions. The team is managed by the USA Rugby League (USARL).

The United States competed with little success in some international games during the 1950s, but did not return to consistent competition until 1987. Following the establishment of the American National Rugby League (AMNRL) in 1997, the team began to participate in more regular international competition. They reached the quarterfinals of the 2013 Rugby League World Cup. In 2014, the USARL became the national governing body for rugby league in the United States.

Samoa national rugby league team
The Samoa national rugby league team represents Samoa in rugby league football and has participated in international competition since 1986. Known as Western Samoa before 1997, the team is administered by Rugby League Samoa and are nicknamed Toa Samoa (English: Samoan Warriors).
Mikhail Kaneev
Mikhail Alexandrovich Kaneev (Russian: Кане́ев Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович; 5 April 1923 – 6 March 1983) was a Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as a known representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes of Leningrad and ancient Russian towns.

Nikolai Baskakov (painter)
Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Баска́ков; May 8, 1918 – October 14, 1993) was a Soviet painter, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), who lived and worked in Leningrad,  regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.
Rana dynasty
The Rana dynasty (Nepali: राणा वंश, romanized: Rāṇā vaṃśa, Sanskrit: [raːɳaː ʋɐ̃ɕɐ], Nepali: [raɳa bʌŋsʌ]) was a Chhetri dynasty that imposed authoritarianism in the Kingdom of Nepal from 1846 until 1951, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead, and making the Prime Minister and other government positions held by the Ranas hereditary. The Rana dynasty is historically known for their iron-fisted rule in Nepal. This changed after the Revolution of 1951 with the promulgation of a new constitution, when power shifted back to the monarchy of King Tribhuvan.

The Rana dynasty were descended from the Kunwar family, a nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom. Due to their marital lineages with the politically reigning Thapa dynasty (of Mukhtiyar Bhimsen Thapa) from the early 19th century, the Ranas gained entry to central Darbar politics. The Ranas were also linked to a minor faction of the Pande dynasty of Gorkha through the Thapa dynasty.

Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
Commanding General Shree Maharaja Sir Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana GCSI (10 December 1852 – 5 March 1901) was the 11th Prime Minister of Nepal. He is remembered as a statesman who made reforms and infrastructure improvements. Bir Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana was known as Kailay in his childhood; this name was given by Jung Bahadur. His mother was daughter of Pahalman Singh Basnyat and sister of Lalitman Singh Basnyat. His mother died at his birth and he was taken care of by Putali Maharani, wife of Jung Bahadur. He spent his childhood at Thapathali Durbar.
National Rail
National Rail (NR) is the trading name licensed for use by the Rail Delivery Group, a group representing passenger train operating companies (TOCs) of England, Scotland, and Wales.

The British Railways Board ran passenger services using the brand name British Rail from 1965 until 1997, when it was privatised and services were transferred to private train operating companies. (Northern Ireland, which is bordered by the Republic of Ireland, has a different system.)

National Rail services share a ticketing structure and inter-availability that generally do not extend to services which were not part of British Rail. Its brand name used to be 'National Rail Enquiries' denoted by the nomenclature 'NRE'. While today it is more commonly referred to as 'National Rail' by news and media, it is still known by the initials 'NRE'.

Network Rail
Network Rail Limited is the owner and infrastructure manager of most of the railway network in Great Britain. Network Rail is a non-departmental public body of the Department for Transport with no shareholders, which reinvests its income in the railways.

Network Rail's main customers are the train operating companies (TOCs), responsible for passenger transport, and freight operating companies (FOCs), who provide train services on the infrastructure that the company owns and maintains. Since 1 September 2014, Network Rail has been classified as a "public sector body".

To cope with rapidly increasing passenger numbers, (as of 2021) Network Rail has been undertaking a £38 billion programme of upgrades to the network, including Crossrail, electrification of lines and upgrading Thameslink.

In May 2021, the UK government announced its intent to merge Network Rail's responsibilities with other railway operations into a new public body called Great British Railways.
Bristol, Connecticut
Bristol is a suburban city located in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, 20 miles (32 km) southwest-west of Hartford. The city is also 120 miles southwest from Boston, and approximately 100 miles northeast of New York City. The city is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 60,833.

Bristol is the location of the general headquarters of ESPN, the location of Lake Compounce, the United States's oldest continuously operating theme park, and is facing approval in 2024 to become home to one of the largest biomedical waste incineration operations in the United States.

Bristol was known as a clock-making city in the 19th century, and is the location of American Clock & Watch Museum. Bristol is also the site of the former American Silver Company and its predecessor companies.

Bristol's nickname is the "Mum City", because it was once a leader in chrysanthemum production and still holds an annual Bristol Mum Festival.

New Britain, Connecticut
New Britain is a city in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is located approximately 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Hartford. The city is part of the Capitol Planning Region. According to the 2020 Census, the population of the city is 74,135.

Among the southernmost of the communities encompassed within the Hartford-Springfield Knowledge Corridor metropolitan region, New Britain is home to Central Connecticut State University and Charter Oak State College. The city was noted for its industry during the 19th and early 20th centuries, and notable sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places include Walnut Hill Park, developed by the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and Downtown New Britain.

The city's official nickname is the "Hardware City" because of its history as a manufacturing center and as the headquarters of Stanley Black & Decker. Because of its large Polish population, the city is often playfully referred to as "New Britski".
Kingdom of Zazzau
The Kingdom of Listenⓘ Zazzau was a Hausa kingdom centred on the city of Zazzau (now Zaria) in modern-day northern Nigeria established sometime in the early second millennium, and endured until its conquest during the jihad of Usman dan Fodio in 1804. Following this, its dynasty was replaced by a Fulani (one subordinate to the Sokoto Caliphate), and the polity continues to exist today as the Zaria Emirate, a non-sovereign monarchy in Nigeria. The current emir of Zaria is Ahmed Nuhu Bamalli, who succeeded the former emir in 2020, the late Shehu Idris.

Bida Emirate
The Bida Emirate is a traditional state in Nigeria, a successor to the old Nupe Kingdom, with its headquarters in Bida, Niger State. The head of the emirate is the Etsu Nupe, who is the leader of the Nupe people.
Norman Schwarzkopf Sr.
Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf (/ˈʃwɔːrtskɒf/ SHWORTS-kof, German: [ˈʃvaʁtskɔpf]; August 28, 1895 – November 25, 1958) was the first superintendent of the New Jersey State Police. He is best known for his involvement in the Lindbergh kidnapping case. He was the father of General Norman Schwarzkopf Jr., the commander of all Coalition forces during the Gulf War in 1991.

John M. Devine
John Matthew Devine (June 18, 1895 – March 8, 1971) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Army with the rank of major general. He is a graduate of the United States Military Academy, and is most noted as Commanding general, 8th Armored Division in the European Theater of Operations during World War II.

Following the War, Devine held several divisional commands, including 2nd Armored Division, 1st Cavalry Division and 9th Infantry Division and completed his service in 1952.
University College Hospital
University College Hospital (UCH) is a teaching hospital in the Bloomsbury area of the London Borough of Camden, England. The hospital, which was founded as the North London Hospital in 1834, is closely associated with University College London (UCL), whose main campus is situated next door. The hospital is part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

The hospital is on the south side of Euston Road and its tower faces Euston Square tube station on the east side. Warren Street tube station lies immediately west and the major Euston terminus station is beyond 200 metres east, just beyond Euston Square Gardens.

Royal Free Hospital
The Royal Free Hospital (also known as the Royal Free) is a major teaching hospital in the Hampstead area of the London Borough of Camden. The hospital is part of the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, which also runs services at Barnet Hospital, Chase Farm Hospital, North Middlesex University Hospital and a number of other sites. The trust is a founder member of the UCLPartners academic health science centre.
Oda Nagamasu
Oda Nagamasu (織田 長益, 1547 – January 24, 1622) was a Japanese daimyō and a brother of Oda Nobunaga who lived from the late Sengoku period through the early Edo period.  Also known as  Yūraku (有楽) or Urakusai (有楽斎), the  Tokyo neighborhood Yūrakuchō is named for him. Nagamasu  converted to  Christianity in 1588 and took the baptismal name of John.

Oda Nobuharu
Oda Nobuharu (織田 信治; 1544 – October 19, 1570) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period, who served the Oda clan. Nobuharu was the younger brother of Oda Nobunaga. Nobunaga granted him Nobu Castle and its surroundings as a private fief. While fighting the Asakura and Asai, Nobuharu was killed in battle at Usayama Castle (together with Mori Yoshinari, another Oda retainer) in Ōmi Province, in 1570.
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea (Arabic: بَحرُ ٱلْعَرَبْ, romanized: baḥr al-ʿarab) is a region of sea in the northern Indian Ocean, bounded on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, Gulf of Aden and Guardafui Channel, on the northwest by Gulf of Oman and Iran, on the north by Pakistan, on the east by India, and on the southeast by the Laccadive Sea and the Maldives, on the southwest by Somalia. Its total area is 3,862,000 km2 (1,491,000 sq mi) and its maximum depth is 5,395 meters (17,700 feet). The Gulf of Aden in the west connects the Arabian Sea to the Red Sea through the strait of Bab-el-Mandeb, and the Gulf of Oman is in the northwest, connecting it to the Persian Gulf.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia
Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding places and has a long troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. It was initially a threat to international fishing vessels during the early 2000s, only to rapidly escalate and expand to international shipping during the War in Somalia (2006–2009). The escalation of conflict between local Somali fishermen and foreign vessels occurred in a context where Somalia is estimated to lose approximately $300 million annually since 1991 due to the unauthorized extraction of marine resources using harmful methods, such as dynamite fishing, which is prohibited in a number of other regions.
ISO 639:b
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with B.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:x
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with X.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
Pico Island
Pico Island (Ilha do Pico, Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈiʎɐ ðu ˈpiku]) is an island in the Central Group of the Portuguese Azores. The landscape features an eponymous volcano, Ponta do Pico, which is the highest mountain in Portugal, the Azores, and the highest elevation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. In the tradition of the Portuguese poet, Raul Brandão, Pico is referred to as the Ilha Preta ("Black Island"), for its black volcanic soils, which nourish its UNESCO-designated vineyards that once allowed the development of the island's economy. Pico is the second largest and, geologically speaking, the most recently formed island of the Azores, being around 300,000 years old.

Flores Island (Azores)
Flores Island (Portuguese: Ilha das Flores; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfloɾɨʃ]) is an island of the Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of the Azores.

It has an area of 143 km2, a population of 3,428 inhabitants, and, together with Corvo Island of the western archipelago, lies within the North American Plate. The nearby Monchique Islet is the westernmost point of Portugal.

It has been referred to as the pink island due to the abundance of pink hydrangeas on the island and association with poet Raul Brandão. It is well known for its abundance of flowers, hence its Portuguese name of Flores.
Perkins County, South Dakota
Perkins County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,835. Its county seat is Bison. The county was established in 1908 and organized in 1909. It was named for Sturgis, South Dakota, official Henry E. Perkins.

Harding County, South Dakota
Harding County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,311, making it the third-least populous county in South Dakota. Its county seat is Buffalo.

Harding County was established as a county in the Dakota Territory on March 5, 1881, but was not organized at that time. Its name recognized J. A. Harding, who had been Speaker of the House of Dakota Territory. Its boundaries were altered in 1883, in 1889, and in 1894. On November 8, 1898, Harding County was dissolved and its territory assigned to Butte County. However, on November 3, 1908, it was again created (with altered boundaries) from Butte County's area, and on February 17, 1909 its governing organization was completed.

Custer National Forest has its South Dakota portion in Harding County, and South Dakota State University operates the Antelope Range and Livestock Research Station about 14 miles (23 km) east of Buffalo.
Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.

Dearne Valley
The Dearne Valley (DURN) is an area of South Yorkshire, England, along the River Dearne.  It encompasses the towns of  Wombwell, Wath-upon-Dearne, Swinton, Conisbrough and Mexborough, the large villages of Ardsley, Bolton on Dearne, Goldthorpe, Thurnscoe, Darfield, Stairfoot and Brampton Bierlow, and many other smaller villages and hamlets.

In 1995, the area became a regeneration area, as it had suffered much from the sudden decline of the deep coal mining industry in the 1980s.  In the 2011 census, the ONS-identified Barnsley/Dearne Valley built-up area had a population of 223,281; however, this region includes Barnsley and certain other smaller towns and villages that might not historically have considered themselves a part of the Dearne Valley.
Mutassim Gaddafi
Mutassim Billah Gaddafi (Arabic: المُعْتَصِمٌ بِٱللهِ ٱلْقَذَّافِيّ, romanized: Muʿtaṣim bi-llāh al-Qaḏḏāfī, also transliterated as Al-Moa'tassem Bellah Al-Qaddafi or Al-Mu'tasim Bi'llah al-Qadhafi; 5 December 1974 – 20 October 2011) was a Libyan military officer, and the National Security Advisor of Libya from 2008 until his assassination in 2011. He was the fourth son of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, and a member of his father's inner circle. He was said to have been in charge of crushing opposition during the Libyan civil war.

Mutassim was captured by anti-Gaddafi rebel forces during the Battle of Sirte, in the First Libyan Civil War, and killed along with his father.

Khamis Gaddafi
Khamis Gaddafi (Arabic: خميس القذافي, romanized: Ḫamīs al-Qaḏḏāfī; 27 May 1983 – 29 August 2011) was the seventh and youngest son of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, and the military commander in charge of the Khamis Brigade of the Libyan Army. He was part of his father's inner circle. During the First Libyan Civil War, he was a major target for rebel forces trying to overthrow his father.
Singen (Hohentwiel) station
Singen (Hohentwiel) station is an important regional railway junction station and interchange station in the town of Singen in the south of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Three railways now meet there, but in the past five lines connected to it. The station is served by InterCity trains on the Stuttgart–Zurich route and several regional trains.

It is one of three railway stations in Singen, the other two being Singen-Landesgartenschau and Singen-Industriegebiet.

Radolfzell station
Radolfzell station (German: Bahnhof Radolfzell) is the main railway station in the municipality of Radolfzell am Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is an important junction station in the western part of Lake Constance (Bodensee). The station is located along the standard gauge High Rhine Railway line and is also the western terminus of the Radolfzell–Mengen railway line (the latter connects with the Stahringen–Friedrichshafen railway line at Stahringen). It is therefore one of the main nodal points of the Lake Constance Belt Railway (Bodensee-Gürtelbahn).
Salah al-Din al-Bitar
Salah al-Din al-Bitar (Arabic: صلاح الدين البيطار, romanized: Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn al-Bīṭār;‎ 1 January 1912 – 21 July 1980) was a Syrian politician who co-founded the Baʿath Party with Michel Aflaq in the early 1940s. As students in Paris in the early 1930s, the two formulated a doctrine that combined aspects of nationalism and socialism. Bitar later served as prime minister in several early Ba'athist governments in Syria but became alienated from the party as it grew more radical. In 1966 he fled the country, lived mostly in Europe and remained politically active until he was assassinated in Paris in 1980 by unidentified hitmen linked to the regime of Hafez al-Assad.

Amin al-Hafiz
Amin al-Hafiz (Arabic: أمين الحافظ, romanized: Amīn al-Ḥāfiẓ 1921 – 17 December 2009), also known as Amin Hafez, was a Syrian general, politician, and member of the Ba'ath Party who served as the president of Syria from 27 July 1963 to 23 February 1966.
Sydney Sixers (WBBL)
The Sydney Sixers (WBBL) are an Australian women's Twenty20 cricket team based in Moore Park, New South Wales. They are one of two teams from Sydney to compete in the Women's Big Bash League, the other being the Sydney Thunder. Having won two championship titles and four minor premierships, the Sixers are the most successful WBBL franchise to date.

Adelaide Strikers (WBBL)
The Adelaide Strikers are an Australian women's Twenty20 cricket team based in North Adelaide, South Australia. They compete in the Women's Big Bash League, and won their first championship in WBBL|08.