hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duchy of Berg
Berg (German pronunciation: [bɛʁk] ⓘ) was a state—originally a county, later a duchy—in the Rhineland of Germany. Its capital was Düsseldorf. It existed as a distinct political entity from the early 12th to the 19th centuries. It was a member state of the Holy Roman Empire.

The name of the county lives on in the modern geographic term Bergisches Land, often misunderstood as bergiges Land (hilly country).

Confederation of the Rhine
The Confederated States of the Rhine, simply known as the Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation, was a confederation of German client states established at the behest of Napoleon some months after he defeated Austria and Russia at the Battle of Austerlitz. Its creation brought about the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire shortly afterward. The Confederation of the Rhine lasted for only seven years, from 1806 to 1813, dissolving after Napoleon's defeat in the  War of the Sixth Coalition.

The founding members of the confederation were German princes of the Holy Roman Empire. They were later joined by 19 others, altogether ruling a total of over 15 million people. This granted a significant strategic advantage to the French Empire on its eastern frontier by providing a buffer between France and the two largest German states, Prussia and Austria (which also controlled substantial non-German lands).
Isidore Singer
Isidore Singer (German: Isidor Singer, Yiddish: ישראל זינגער; 10 November 1859 – 20 February 1939) was an Austrian-born American encyclopedist, editor, and activist. He is best known as the managing editor of The Jewish Encyclopedia.

Goodman Lipkind
Rabbi Goodman Lipkind (1878–1973) was a London rabbi who later emigrated to New York City.

He wrote many articles for the Jewish Encyclopedia, and in Joseph Leftwich's biography of writer Israel Zangwill is mentioned as inspiration for the character of Rabbi Joseph Strelitski in Zangwill's novel Children of the Ghetto.
Alisha Edwards
Alisha Maher (née Inacio; born January 7, 1987) is an American professional wrestler. She is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where she performs under the ring name Alisha Edwards and serves as both a wrestler and the on-screen manager of Moose. She is a former member of The System and is a one-time TNA Knockouts World Tag Team Champion (along with Masha Slamovich).

Jody Threat
Jody Gyivicsan (born March 8, 1988), known by the ring name Jody Threat, is a Canadian professional wrestler. She is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and is a former two-time TNA Knockouts World Tag Team Champion with Dani Luna. Threat has also worked on the independent circuit on various promotions across Canada, U.S., and the UK.
Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.

Year 6
Year 6 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including Japan, most of Africa, Australia and New Zealand. It is usually the sixth year of compulsory education and incorporates students aged between ten and eleven.  It is generally the same as 5th grade in the United States, although the birthday cutoff date varies for different countries and schools.
Phi Beta Kappa
The Phi Beta Kappa Society (ΦΒΚ) is the oldest academic honor society in the United States. Founded in 1776 at the College of William & Mary in Virginia, Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the liberal arts and sciences, and to induct outstanding students of arts and sciences at select American colleges and universities. Since its inception, its inducted members include 17 United States presidents, 42 United States Supreme Court justices, and 136 Nobel laureates.

Middlebury College
Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury, Vermont, United States. Founded in 1800 by Congregationalists, Middlebury was the first operating college or university in Vermont.

In the fall of 2024, the college enrolled 2,760 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries and offers 45 majors in the arts and humanities as well as joint engineering programs. In addition to its undergraduate liberal arts program, the school also has graduate schools, the Middlebury College Language Schools, the Bread Loaf School of English, and the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, as well as its C.V. Starr-Middlebury Schools Abroad international programs. Middlebury's 31 varsity teams are the Middlebury Panthers and compete in the NCAA Division III's New England Small College Athletic Conference.
Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
The Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series is an award given by the Screen Actors Guild to honor the finest acting achievements in Dramatic Television.

Julianna Margulies holds the record for most nominations in this category with nine as well as the most wins with four, two for ER and two for The Good Wife. Gillian Anderson and Edie Falco each have three wins followed by Viola Davis, Claire Foy, Allison Janney, and Sandra Oh with two wins.

Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
The Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series is an award given by the Screen Actors Guild to honor the finest acting achievements in dramatic television.

Dennis Franz holds the record for most nominations with 8. Actors who have won this award the most times are James Gandolfini playing Tony Soprano in The Sopranos and Jason Bateman playing Marty Bryde in Ozark, each having won thrice. Eight actors have won twice in this category: Steve Buscemi, Bryan Cranston, Anthony Edwards, Dennis Franz, Hugh Laurie, Martin Sheen, Kevin Spacey, and Kiefer Sutherland.
David McCutchion
David McCutchion (12 August 1930 – 12 January 1972) was an English-born academic, and a pioneer in a number of original strands of scholarship in Indian studies before his early death at age 41. Popularly known as "Davidbabu", in his short life, he made a major contribution to the study of Hindu terracotta and brick temples of Bengal and was also one of the first scholars to write a study of the emerging field of Indian writing in English.

Chala Style
Chala Style (Bengali: চালা শিল্পরীতি) is a style of Bengal temple architecture, that originated in Bengal from the 15th centuries. Originating as a regional style in Hindu temple architecture. The main features of this style are curved tops and cornices. Chala-style temples in West Bengal were made of mud walls and thatched roofs. But, in East Bengal (now Bangladesh) it was built with bamboo structures and thatched roofs.

Chala-style temples were built all over Bengal. But most of the temples are found in the West Bengal. In the present day, the temples are now located in two separate national territories: the Indian state of West Bengal and Bangladesh.
Ruthenian Voivodeship
The Ruthenian Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus russiae; Polish: Województwo ruskie; Ukrainian: Руське воєводство, romanized: Ruske voievodstvo) was a voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1434 until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, with its center in the city of Lwów (lat. Leopolis) (modern day Lviv). Together with a number of other voivodeships of southern and eastern part of the Kingdom of Poland, it formed Lesser Poland Province. Following the Partitions of Poland, most of Ruthenian Voivodeship, except for its northeastern corner, was annexed by the Habsburg monarchy, as part of the province of Galicia. Today, the former Ruthenian Voivodeship is divided between Poland and Ukraine.

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Harness racing
Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait (a trot or a pace). They usually pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, spider, or chariot occupied by a driver. In Europe, and less frequently in Australia and New Zealand, races with jockeys riding directly on saddled trotters (trot monté in French) are also conducted.

Racino
A racino is a combined horse racing track, or other live parimutuel betting facility, and casino. In some cases, the casino gambling is limited to slot machines or video lottery terminals, but many locations also offer table games such as blackjack, poker, and roulette. As of the end of 2023, there were approximately 50 racinos operating in the United States. Racinos operate in other countries, including Canada and France, as well.
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.

French Equatorial Africa
French Equatorial Africa (French: Afrique équatoriale française, or  AEF) was a federation of French colonial territories in Equatorial Africa which consisted of Gabon, French Congo, Ubangi-Shari, and Chad. It existed from 1910 to 1958 and its administration was based in Brazzaville.
Injunction
An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a special court order compelling a party to do or refrain from doing certain acts. It was developed by the English courts of equity but its origins go back to Roman law and the equitable remedy of the "interdict".

"When a court employs the extraordinary remedy of injunction, it directs the conduct of a party, and does so with the backing of its full coercive powers." A party that fails to comply with an injunction faces criminal or civil penalties, including possible monetary sanctions and even imprisonment. They can also be charged with contempt of court.

Federal government of the United States
The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government or U.S. government) is the national government of the United States.

The United States federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The powers of these three branches are defined and vested by the Constitution of the United States, which has been in continuous effect since March 4, 1789. The powers and duties of these branches are further defined by acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments and courts subordinate to the Supreme Court of the United States.

In the federal division of power, the federal government shares sovereignty with each of the 50 states in their respective territories. United States law recognizes Indigenous tribes as possessing sovereign powers, while being subject to federal jurisdiction.
Segunda División
The Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Segunda División, commonly known as Segunda División or La Liga 2, and officially known as LaLiga HyperMotion for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Spanish football league system. Administered by Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, it is contested by 22 teams, with the top two teams plus the winner of a play-off promoted to La Liga and replaced by the three lowest-placed teams in that division.

Palencia CF (1960)
Palencia Club de Fútbol was a Spanish football club based in Palencia, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Founded in 1960, it held home games at Estadio La Balastera, with a 13,468-seat capacity.
Max Whitlock
Max Antony Whitlock (born 13 January 1993) is an English artistic gymnast. With fourteen medals and six titles in Olympic and World Championships, Whitlock is the most successful gymnast in British history. He is also the most successful pommel horse worker in Olympic Games history, with two gold medals and one bronze.

Whitlock is a six-time Olympic medallist (all-around, team, floor exercise and three times on his signature piece, pommel horse), winning three golds and three bronzes, and a five-time world medallist on the pommel horse with three gold and two silvers. He became Great Britain's first-ever Olympic gold medallist in artistic gymnastics when he won both the floor exercise and pommel horse at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He is a four-time European champion and a four-time Commonwealth Games champion representing England.

James Hall (gymnast)
James Robert Hall (born 6 October 1995) is an English former artistic gymnast. He was a member of the English and British Senior teams from 2014–2025.  He represented Great Britain at the 2020 Summer Olympics.  Hall was the alternate for the silver medal winning team at the 2015 World Championships and was part of the bronze medal winning team at the 2022 World Championships.  Additionally he was part of three medal winning teams at the European Championships and two gold medal winning teams at the Commonwealth Games.  Individually Hall is the 2017 European all-around bronze medalist, a two-time all-around silver medalist at the Commonwealth Games (2018, 2022), and is the 2018 Commonwealth Games silver medalist on the horizontal bar.
Juglandaceae
The Juglandaceae are a plant family known as the walnut family. They are trees, or sometimes shrubs, in the order Fagales. Members of this family are native to the Americas, Eurasia, and Southeast Asia.

The nine or ten genera in the family have a total of around 63 species, and include the commercially important nut-producing trees walnut (Juglans), pecan (Carya illinoinensis), and hickory (Carya). The Persian walnut, Juglans regia, is one of the major nut crops of the world. Walnut, hickory, and gaulin are also valuable timber trees while pecan wood is also valued as cooking fuel.

Oxalidaceae
Oxalidaceae, or the wood-sorrels family, is a family of five genera of flowering plants, with the great majority of the 570 species in the genus Oxalis. The flowers within this family tend to be perfect, and 5-parted with a superior ovary consisting of five fused carpels. Fruits of this family tend to be capsules or berries that are prominently 5-lobed such as the starfruit.
Frank Frazetta
Frank Frazetta (born Francesco Alfredo Frazzetta /frəˈzɛtə/; February 9, 1928 – May 10, 2010) was an American artist known for themes of fantasy and science fiction, noted for comic books, paperback book covers, paintings, posters, LP record album covers, and other media. He is often referred to as the "Godfather of fantasy art", and one of the most renowned illustrators of the 20th century. He was also the subject of a 2003 documentary Painting with Fire.

Frazetta was inducted into the comic book industry's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame, the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame, the Society of Illustrators Hall of Fame, the Science Fiction Hall of Fame, and was awarded a Life Achievement Award from the World Fantasy Convention.

Will Elder
William Elder (born Wolf William Eisenberg; September 22, 1921 – May 15, 2008) was an American illustrator and comic book artist who worked in numerous areas of commercial art but is best known for a frantically funny cartoon style that helped launch Harvey Kurtzman's Mad comic book in 1952.

Playboy publisher Hugh Hefner said, "He was a zany, and a lovable one." Longtime Mad writer-cartoonist Al Jaffee called Elder "Absolutely brilliant... he was the star from the beginning. He had a feel for the kind of satire that eventually spread everywhere."

Elder was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2003. In 2018, the Comics Reporter's Tom Spurgeon described Elder as "an amazing artist, a sneaky spot-holder on the top 20 of the 20th century".
Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
Lycoming County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 114,188. Its county seat is Williamsport. The county is part of the North Central region of the commonwealth.

Lycoming County comprises the Williamsport metropolitan statistical area.

About 130 miles (210 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 165 miles (270 km) east-northeast of Pittsburgh, Lycoming is Pennsylvania's largest county by land area.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Fortuna, Murcia
Fortuna is a town and a municipality in the autonomous Region of Murcia in southeastern Spain. It is located in the northeast of the region and in Comarca Oriental. The municipality shares borders with Abanilla at its east, Jumilla and Abarán at is north, Blanca at its northwest, Molina at its west and southwest and Murcia and Santomera at its south.

There is a remarkable spot in the municipality that has influenced in its history and leads it to be known in the region – It is a thermal water spring.

Ojós
Ojós (Spanish: [oˈxos]) is a municipality in the autonomous community of Murcia in southeastern Spain. It is located in the south-west of the north-eastern quarter of the region and has an area of 45.3 km 2 and shares borders with Blanca at its north, Ulea at its north-east, Villanueva del Río Segura at its East, Campos del Río at is south-west and Ricote at its north-west. The municipality was inhabited by 500 people in 2019.
WNET
WNET (channel 13), branded on-air as Thirteen (stylized as THIRTEEN), is a primary PBS member television station licensed to Newark, New Jersey, United States, serving the New York City area. Owned by The WNET Group (formerly known as the Educational Broadcasting Corporation and later as WNET.org), it is a sister station to the area's secondary PBS member, Garden City, New York–licensed WLIW (channel 21), NPR member WLIW-FM (88.3) in Southampton, and two class A stations: WMBQ-CD (channel 46), and WNDT-CD (channel 14, which shares spectrum with WNET). The WNET Group also operates New Jersey's PBS state network NJ PBS, and the website NJ Spotlight through an outsourcing agreement.

WNET and WLIW share studios at One Worldwide Plaza in Midtown Manhattan; WNET's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.

American Public Television
American Public Television (APT) is an American nonprofit organization and syndicator of programming for public television stations in the United States. It distributes public television programs nationwide for PBS member stations and independent educational stations, as well as the Create and World television networks.
2011–12 Süper Lig
The 2011–12 Süper Lig (known as the Spor Toto Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons) was the 54th season of the Süper Lig, the top level football league of Turkey. Fenerbahçe were the defending champions. The start date of the league was due to be 7 August 2011, but due to the match fixing scandal in Turkey it began instead on 9 September 2011 and was concluded on 12 May 2012. Galatasaray won their 18th title. A new format was introduced this season, in which after the regular season two play-off groups were played to decide over the Champions League and Europa League starting rounds. Points of the regular season were halved for ranking in those.

2014–15 Süper Lig
The 2014–15 Süper Lig (known as the Spor Toto Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons) was the 57th season of the Süper Lig, the highest tier football league of Turkey.

The season was named after former Beşiktaş club president Süleyman Seba, who died in 2014.
Türkmenabat
Türkmenabat (Turkmen pronunciation: [tʏɾkˌmønɑˈbɑːt]) is the second-largest city in Turkmenistan and the administrative centre of Lebap Province. As of 2022, it had a population of approximately 231,000 people (up from 161,000 in the 1989 census). From 1924 to 1927, it was given the name Leninsk in honour of Vladimir Lenin.

Balkanabat
Balkanabat (Turkmen: Balkanabat şäheri), formerly Nebit-Dag and Neftedag, is the administrative centre of Balkan Province, the largest province in Turkmenistan. It lies at the foot of the Balkan Daglary mountain range. Balkanabat is about 450 km west of Ashgabat and 160 km east of the seaport city of Türkmenbaşy. The city layout is a grid of apartment blocks called kvartal (quarters). The main streets are Magtymguly, Pervomayskiy and Gurbansoltan eje şaýoly.
Risa Sera
Risa Okuda (奥田 理紗, Okuda Risa; born November 19, 1991), better known by her ring name Risa Sera (世羅 りさ, Sera Risa), is a Japanese retired professional wrestler and actress, best known for her tenures with various promotions from the Japanese independent scene such as Ice Ribbon where is a four-time International Ribbon Tag Team Champion and a two-time ICE×∞ Champion.

Yuki Miyazaki
Yuki Miyazaki (宮崎有妃, Miyazaki Yuki) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler best known for her tenures with the Japanese professional wrestling promotions Pro Wrestling Wave, NEO Japan Ladies Pro-Wrestling (NEO) and JWP Joshi Puroresu (JWP) and All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling.
Subotica
Subotica (Serbian Cyrillic: Суботица, pronounced [sǔbotitsa] ⓘ; Hungarian: Szabadka, pronounced [ˈsɒbɒtkɒ]) is a city in Central Europe and the administrative center of the North Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Formerly the largest city of Vojvodina region, contemporary Subotica is now the second largest city in the province, following the city of Novi Sad. According to the 2022 census, the city proper has a population of 88,752, while the population of the administrative area of the city stands at 123,952 people.

Women's World Chess Championship 1969
The 1969 Women's World Chess Championship was won by Nona Gaprindashvili, who successfully defended her title against challenger Alla Kushnir. This was the second of three consecutive title matches between the two strongest female players of their time.