hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the Indy, it began as a broadsheet and changed to compact format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition.

The Independent won the Brand of the Year Award in The Drum Awards for Online Media 2023.

City A.M.
City AM is a free business-focused newspaper distributed in and around London, England, with an accompanying website. In January 2025, it had a monthly online readership of 4m. In  January 2026 it had a print circulation of 68,422.
Archbishop of Uppsala
The Archbishop of Uppsala (spelled Upsala until the early 20th century) has been the primate of Sweden in an unbroken succession since 1164, first during the Catholic era, and from the 1530s and onward under the Lutheran church.

List of bishops of Lund
List of (arch)bishops of Lund. Until the Danish Reformation the centre of a great Latin (arch)bishopric, Lund has been in Sweden since the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. The Diocese of Lund is now one of thirteen in the Church of Sweden.
Vladimir Ashkenazy
Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazy (Russian: Влади́мир Дави́дович Ашкена́зи, tr. Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazi; born 6 July 1937) is a Soviet-born Icelandic pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor. Ashkenazy has collaborated with well-known orchestras and soloists. In addition, he has recorded a large repertoire of classical and romantic works. His recordings have earned him seven Grammy Awards and he has been awarded three stages of Iceland's Order of the Falcon for his overall contribution to music.

Bernard Haitink
Bernard Johan Herman Haitink (Dutch: [ˈbɛrnɑrt ˈɦaːitɪŋk]; 4 March 1929 – 21 October 2021) was a Dutch conductor and violinist. He was the principal conductor of several international orchestras, beginning with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra in 1961. He moved to London, as principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra from 1967 to 1979, music director at Glyndebourne Opera from 1978 to 1988 and of the Royal Opera House from 1987 to 2002, when he became principal conductor of the Staatskapelle Dresden. Finally, he was principal conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra from 2006 to 2010. The focus of his prolific recording was classical symphonies and orchestral works, but he also conducted operas. He conducted 90 concerts at The Proms in London, the last on 3 September 2019 with the Vienna Philharmonic. His awards include Grammy Awards and the 2015 Gramophone Award for his lifetime achievements.
Shawnessy, Calgary
Shawnessy is a suburban residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded by Shawnessy Boulevard to the north, Macleod Trail to the east, 162 Avenue S to the south and James McKevitt Road to the west.

Shawnessy was established in 1981. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 13 councillor.

It is served by the Shawnessy station of the C-Train LRT system. Shawnessy Town Centre is a regional shopping area located east of the community.

Rundle, Calgary
Rundle is a residential neighbourhood in the northeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded by 32 Avenue NE to the north, 16 Avenue NE (Trans-Canada Highway) to the south, 52 Street NE to the east and 36 Street NE to the west. The Sunridge Mall is located immediately west of the neighbourhood. Rundle is home to a large Lebanese group.

Rundle was established in 1973 and was named after Robert Terrill Rundle, a missionary who worked in Western Canada in the mid-19th century. (Rundle is actually one of four communities built in the 1970s in NE Calgary. These four communities together are known as "The Properties", and all four were named after nearby mountains: Mounts Rundle, Pineridge, Whitehorn and Temple). It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 10 councillor.

The community is served by the Rundle station of the C-Train LRT system. The postal code in this area is T1Y.
Manchester Storm (1995–2002)
The Manchester Storm were an ice hockey team from Manchester, England. The team formed in 1995 by Ogden Entertainment and arena/team Managing Director Lee Esckilsen. The Storm played their home games at the then newly built NYNEX Arena, but they folded during the 2002–03 season.

Sheffield Steelers
The Sheffield Steelers are a professional ice hockey team located in Sheffield, England. They were formed in 1991 and play their home games at the Utilita Arena. They are currently a member of the Elite Ice Hockey League. The club's main (title) sponsor is TriggerHub.
Lansdowne Road
Lansdowne Road Stadium (Irish: Bóthar Lansdún, IPA: [ˈbˠoːhəɾˠ ˈl̪ˠan̪ˠsˠd̪ˠuːn̪ˠ]) was a stadium in Dublin owned by the Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) that was primarily used for rugby union and association football matches. The stadium was demolished in 2007 to make way for the Aviva Stadium on the same site, which opened in 2010.

The stadium took its name from the adjacent street, Lansdowne Road.

RDS Arena
RDS Arena is a multi-purpose sports stadium, owned by the Royal Dublin Society (RDS) and located in the Dublin suburb of Ballsbridge, Ireland.

The arena was developed to host equestrian events, primarily the annual Dublin Horse Show, which was first held there in 1881. The site had been acquired in 1879 by the RDS. The primary tenants of the RDS Arena are Leinster Rugby who compete in the United Rugby Championship and Champions Cup. The arena has also hosted soccer and wrestling events and concerts. It has a capacity of 18,500, 16,500 of which is seated, but has an over 40,000 capacity for concerts.

The demountable north and south stands are removed for equestrian events, with only the Grandstand and Anglesea Stand permanent. The Anglesea Stand was completed in 1927.
Glenwood High School (Ohio)
Glenwood High School (GHS) is a public high school in New Boston, a village located in Scioto County in the southern part of the U.S. state of Ohio.  It is the only high school in the New Boston Local School District.  Their mascot is the Tiger, and their colors are scarlet and gray.

Valley High School (Ohio)
Valley High School (VHS) is a public high school in Lucasville in Scioto County in southern Ohio.  It is the only high school in the Valley Local School District. Their nickname is the Indians, and their colors are purple and gold.
CYP2C9
Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (abbreviated CYP2C9) is an enzyme protein. The enzyme is involved in the metabolism, by oxidation, of both xenobiotics, including drugs, and endogenous compounds, including fatty acids. In humans, the protein is encoded by the CYP2C9 gene. The gene is highly polymorphic, which affects the efficiency of the metabolism by the enzyme.

CYP2J2
Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP2J2 gene.  CYP2J2 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The enzymes are oxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics) as well as in the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.
Francisco Suárez
Francisco Suárez SJ (/ˈswɑːrɛz/; 5 January 1548 – 25 September 1617) was a Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian, one of the leading figures of the School of Salamanca movement. His work is considered a turning point in the history of second scholasticism, marking the transition from its Renaissance to its Baroque phases. According to Christopher Shields and Daniel Schwartz, "figures as distinct from one another in place, time, and philosophical orientation as Leibniz, Grotius, Pufendorf, Schopenhauer and Heidegger, all found reason to cite him as a source of inspiration and influence."

Luis de Molina
Luis de Molina SJ (29 September 1535 – 12 October 1600) was a Spanish Jesuit priest, jurist, economist and theologian renowned for his contributions to philosophy and economics within the framework of the second scholasticism.

A prominent member of the School of Salamanca, pioneered a distinctive theory of divine grace and human freedom known as Molinism, which defends human autonomy in the face of divine omniscience.

His pro-liberty perspectives influenced not only theological debates on free will but also extended to economic and political thought, making him an intellectual precursor to individual rights and market dynamics. His work in developing early economic principles, particularly regarding human action, voluntarism, and property rights, laid a foundation that later contributed to Austrian economic theory and the evolution of modern libertarian thought.
Ohio State Route 13
State Route 13 is a north–south state highway in the northern and southeastern portions of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the tenth longest state route in Ohio . Its southern terminus is at State Route 550 near Athens, and its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 6 in Huron.

U.S. Route 250 in Ohio
U.S. Route 250 (US 250) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs from Sandusky, Ohio to Richmond, Virginia. Within the state of Ohio, the route runs from US 6 in Sandusky to the West Virginia border at Bridgeport.
Declared monuments of Hong Kong
Declared monuments of Hong Kong are places, structures or buildings legally declared to receive the highest level of protection. In Hong Kong, declaring a monument requires consulting the Antiquities Advisory Board, the approval of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong as well as the publication of the notice on the Hong Kong Government Gazette.

As of December 2024, there are 136 declared monuments in Hong Kong, with 58 listed on Hong Kong Island, 55 on New Territories, 14 on Kowloon, and 9 on the Outlying Islands.

Under Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance, some other buildings are classified as Grades I, II and III historic buildings, and are not listed below.

List of Grade I historic buildings in Hong Kong
Grade I historic buildings in Hong Kong are those selected as those "outstanding merits of which every effort should be made to preserve if possible".

These buildings may be protected under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance; after consulting the Antiquities Advisory Board, with the approval of the Chief Executive and the publication of the notice in government gazette, the Antiquities Authority may legally declare the Graded historic buildings to be protected as Declared Monuments. Five Grade I historic buildings have been demolished in the last two decades.

Note: This list is accurate as of 6 November 2009. A territory-wide grade reassessment has been ongoing since. See this link for the latest grading update.
Pender Island
Pender Island (Saanich: st̕ey̕əs) is the collective name for two Southern Gulf Islands located in the Salish Sea, British Columbia, Canada. The Pender Islands, consisting of North Pender Island and South Pender Island, have a combined area of approximately 34 km2 (13 sq mi). The Islands are home to about 2,250 permanent residents, as well as a large seasonal population. Like most of the rest of the Southern Gulf Islands, the Pender Islands enjoy a sub-Mediterranean climate and feature open farmland, rolling forested hills, several lakes and small mountains, as well as many coves and beaches.

Salt Spring Island
Salt Spring Island or Saltspring Island is one of the Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia between mainland British Columbia, Canada, and Vancouver Island.

The island was initially inhabited by various Salishan peoples before being settled by pioneers in 1859, at which time it was renamed Admiral Island. It was the first of the Gulf Islands to be settled and the first agricultural settlement on the islands in the Colony of Vancouver Island, as well as the first island in the region to permit settlers to acquire land through pre-emption. The island was retitled to its current name in 1910. It is named for the salt springs found in the northern part of the island.

Salt Spring Island is the largest, most populous, and the most frequently visited of the Southern Gulf Islands.
Rayo Vallecano
Rayo Vallecano de Madrid, S.A.D. (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈraʝo βaʎeˈkano ðe maˈðɾið]), often abbreviated to Rayo (Spanish for "thunderbolt"), is a Spanish professional football club based in the Puente de Vallecas district of Madrid. The club competes in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish football.

Founded on 29 May 1924, the club is known for its sociocultural tradition, recognized for representing the barrio-local culture and its working-class status. Its home matches have been played at the 14,708-capacity Campo de Fútbol de Vallecas stadium since 1976.

During its history, Rayo has spent 22 seasons in the top-flight, and has played in two European competitions, the UEFA Cup in the 2000–01 season and the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League. The club won the 2017–18 Segunda División. By historical performance, Rayo is the third best club in Community of Madrid, after Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid.

Córdoba CF
Córdoba Club de Fútbol (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]), is a Spanish football club based in Córdoba, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1954 after the dissolution of RCD Córdoba, the team currently plays in the Segunda Division, with its home matches at the Estadio Nuevo Arcángel, which has a capacity of 25,800 seats.
Gustavo Kuerten
Gustavo "Guga" Kuerten (Portuguese: [ɡusˈtavu ˈkiʁtẽ]; born 10 September 1976) is a Brazilian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals for 43 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2000. Kuerten won 20 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including three majors at the French Open in 1997, 2000, and 2001, as well as the 2000 Tennis Masters Cup. He also won eight doubles titles. Kuerten is regarded as one of the best Brazilian tennis players of all time. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2012. In 2016, Kuerten was a torch bearer for the Rio Olympics.

Magnus Norman
Magnus Norman (born 30 May 1976) is a Swedish former professional tennis player and current coach. He was ranked world No. 2 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), in June 2000. Norman won twelve ATP Tour singles titles, including a Masters event at the 2000 Rome Masters, and was runner-up at a major at the 2000 French Open.

Since retiring from the sport in 2004, Norman has coached Thomas Johansson, Robin Söderling, and Stan Wawrinka. He owns the Good to Great Tennis Academy. Among its students are Wawrinka, Gaël Monfils, and Grigor Dimitrov. Norman also plays bandy, a sport he played in his youth before deciding to concentrate on tennis.
List of JavaScript engines
The first engines for JavaScript were mere interpreters of the source code, but all relevant modern engines use just-in-time compilation for improved performance. JavaScript engines are typically developed by web browser vendors, and every major browser has one. In a browser, the JavaScript engine runs in concert with the rendering engine via the Document Object Model and Web IDL bindings. However, the use of JavaScript engines is not limited to browsers; for example, the V8 engine is a core component of the Node.js runtime system. They are also called ECMAScript engines, after the official name of the specification. With the advent of WebAssembly, some engines can also execute this code in the same sandbox as regular JavaScript code.

V8 (JavaScript engine)
V8 is a JavaScript and WebAssembly engine developed by Google for its Chrome browser. V8 is free and open-source software that is part of the Chromium project and also used separately in non-browser contexts, notably the Node.js runtime system. Other server-side JavaScript runtimes use alternative engines, such as Bun (which uses JavaScriptCore) and Hermes (used by React Native).
IIT Bombay
The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay or IITB) is a public research university and technical institute in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The institute has 17 academic departments, 35 additional academic centres, and three schools.
Established in 1958, IIT Bombay was designated as an Institution of Eminence in 2018.

Institute of Chemical Technology
Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT) is a public deemed university in Mumbai, India. It is focused on training and research in the fields of chemical engineering, chemical technology, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Established in 1933, the institute was granted deemed university status in 2008, making it the only state-funded deemed university in India. In 2018, ICT was named an institute with a special status per the Empowered Expert Committee and was given the status of Category 1 institute with graded autonomy by the Ministry of Human Resource Development and the University Grants Commission (India).

The institute also has regional campuses at Bhubaneswar, Odisha and Jalna, Maharashtra.
Shaykh Tusi
Shaykh Tūsī (Persian: شیخ طوسی), full name Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Tūsī (Arabic: أَبُوْ جَعْفَرِ مُحَمَّدُ بِنْ الحَسَنِ الطُوْسِّيّ, romanized: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī), known as Shaykh al-Ta'ifah (Arabic: شَيْخِ الطَائِفَةِ, romanized: Shaykh al-Ṭāʾifah) was a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, mufassir, theologian and hadith compiler of Persian descent. He is the author of two of the Four Books of Shia hadith; namely, Tahdhib al-Ahkam and al-Istibsar, and is believed to have founded the Hawza of Najaf. In addition, he was a scholar of ʾUṣūl al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic jurisprudence) and is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential thinkers in Shi’i history.

Ibn Babawayh
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi (Persian: محمد بن علی بن بابَوَیْهِ قمی Arabic: أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱبْن بَابَوَيْه ٱلْقُمِيّ; c. 923–991), commonly referred to as Ibn Babawayh (Persian: ابن‌ بابویه Arabic: ٱبْن بَابَوَيْه) or al-Shaykh al-Saduq (Persian: شیخ صدوق Arabic: ٱلشَّيْخ ٱلصَّدُوق, lit. 'the truthful scholar'), was a Shia Muslim scholar, jurist (faqīh), theologian and hadith collector of Persian descent. He is part of the first generation of fuqaha (jurists) after the Major Occultation in 941, and is known to have extensively traveled between Baghdad, Iran and Transoxiana, where he met with established Shi'i communities and circles. His work, entitled Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih (مَنْ لَا یَحْضُرُهُ ٱلْفَقِیهُ), forms part of The Four Books of the Shia Hadith collection.
Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, commonly abbreviated as the DTM, is a sports car racing series sanctioned by ADAC. The series is based in Germany, with rounds elsewhere in Europe. The series currently races a modified version of Group GT3 grand touring cars, replacing Class 1 Touring Cars in 2021.

From 2000 to 2020, the "new DTM" continued the former Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (German Touring Car Championship) and ITC (International Touring Car Championship) which had been discontinued after 1996 due to high costs. The series raced prototype silhouette racing cars based on a mass-production road car in the same period.

The second iteration went by the full name during its first five years. Since 2005, all official documents have only referred to the series using the abbreviated name.

Super GT
Super GT (stylized as SUPER GT) is a sports car racing series that began in 1993. Launched as the All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship (全日本GT選手権, Zen Nihon GT Senshūken), the series was renamed to Super GT in 2005. It is the top level of sports car racing in Japan.

The series is sanctioned by the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) and managed by the GT Association (GTA). Autobacs has been the title sponsor of the series and its predecessor since 1998.
Alexander Calder
Alexander "Sandy" Calder (/ˈkɔːldər/; July 22, 1898 – November 11, 1976) was an American sculptor known both for his innovative mobiles (kinetic sculptures powered by motors or air currents) that embrace chance in their aesthetic, his static "stabiles", and his monumental public sculptures. Calder preferred not to analyze his work, saying, "Theories may be all very well for the artist himself, but they shouldn't be broadcast to other people." His father, Alexander Stirling Calder, and grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, were also sculptors.

Mercury fountain
A mercury fountain is a fountain constructed for use with liquid metallic mercury ("quicksilver") rather than water.

Mercury fountains existed in some castles in Islamic Spain; the most famous one was located at the Kasr-al-Kholaifa in Córdoba.
Egyptian Expeditionary Force
The Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) was a military formation of the British Empire, formed on 10 March 1916 under the command of General Archibald Murray from the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force and the Force in Egypt (1914–1915), at the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine campaign of the First World War.

230th Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 3rd Dismounted Brigade was a formation of the British Army in the First World War. It was formed in Egypt in February 1916 by absorbing the Eastern Mounted Brigade and the South Eastern Mounted Brigade. The brigade served as part of the Western Frontier Force and the Suez Canal Defences.

In January 1917, the brigade was reorganized and redesignated as the 230th Brigade and joined the 74th (Yeomanry) Division in March. It served with the division in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and on the Western Front.
323 Brucia
323 Brucia is a stony Phocaea asteroid and former Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 33 kilometers (21 miles) in diameter. It was the first asteroid to be discovered by the use of astrophotography.

1011 Laodamia
Laodamia (minor planet designation: 1011 Laodamia), provisional designation 1924 PK, is a stony asteroid and sizable Mars-crosser near the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 January 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after Laodamia from Greek mythology.
US Cremonese
Unione Sportiva Cremonese, commonly referred to as Cremonese, is an Italian professional football club based in Cremona, Lombardy, which plays in Serie A following their promotion from Serie B in the 2024–25 season via the playoffs.

US Alessandria Calcio 1912
Unione Sportiva Alessandria Calcio 1912, commonly referred to as Alessandria, is an Italian football club based in Alessandria, Piedmont. It currently plays in Eccellenza, the fifth tier of Italian football.
RAF Waddington
Royal Air Force Waddington (IATA: WTN, ICAO: EGXW), commonly known as RAF Waddington, and informally known by its nickname 'Waddo' is a Royal Air Force station located beside the village of Waddington, 4.2 miles (6.8 kilometres) south of Lincoln, Lincolnshire, in England.

The station is the RAF's Intelligence Surveillance Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) hub.  It is home to a fleet of aircraft composed of the Beechcraft Shadow R1, Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joint, and General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper remotely piloted aircraft.  Since October 2022, it has also been home to the RAF's Aerobatic Team the Red Arrows.

RAF Marham
RAF Marham (IATA: KNF, ICAO: EGYM) is a Royal Air Force station near the village of Marham in the county of Norfolk, East Anglia, south of King's Lynn and Boston, west of Norwich.

It is home to No. 138 Expeditionary Air Wing (138 EAW) and, as such, is one of the RAF's 'main operating bases' (MOB).  Since 6 June 2018, it has been home to the fifth generation Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning operated by No. 617 (Dambusters) Squadron.  No. 207 Squadron, becoming the second Lightning squadron to be based at RAF Marham when it reformed on 1 August 2019 as the F-35 operational conversion unit (OCU).