hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tujia people
The Tujia (Northern Tujia: Bifjixkhar / Bifzixkar, IPA: /bi˧˥ dʑi˥ kʰa˨˩/ /pi˧˥ tsi˥ kʰa˨˩/, Southern Tujia: Mongrzzir, /mõ˨˩ dzi˨˩/; Chinese: 土家族; pinyin: Tǔjiāzú) are an ethnic group and, with a total population of over 9 million, the seventh-largest officially recognized ethnic minority in the People's Republic of China. They live in the Wuling Mountains, straddling the common borders of Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces and Chongqing Municipality.

The endonym Bizika means "native dwellers". In Chinese, Tujia literally means "local families", in contrast to the Hakka (客家; Kèjiā), whose name literally means "guest families" and implies migration.

Bai people
The Bai or Pai (Bai: Baipho [pɛ̰˦˨xo̰˦], 白和; Chinese: 白族; pinyin: Báizú) are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, Bijie area of Guizhou Province, and Sangzhi area of Hunan Province. The Bai constitute one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by China, with a population of 2,091,543 (as of 2020).
Frederica von Stade
Frederica von Stade (born 1 June 1945) is a former American classical singer. Best known for her work in opera, she was also a recitalist and concert artist, and she recorded more than a hundred albums and videos. She is especially associated with operas by Mozart and Rossini, and also with music by French and American composers, most notably Jake Heggie. A Chevalier of France's Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, twice the winner of a Grand Prix du Disque and nominated nine times for a Grammy award, she is widely regarded as the pre-eminent lyric mezzo-soprano of her generation.

Antonio de Almeida (conductor)
Antonio de Almeida  (20 January 1928 – 18 February 1997) was a French conductor and musicologist of Portuguese-American descent.

Born Antonio Jacques de Almeida Santos in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris, his father was the financier Baron de Almeida Santos of Lisbon, his mother was the former Barbara Tapper of Highland Park near Chicago. His godfather was pianist Arthur Rubinstein.
PubMed
PubMed is an openly accessible, free database which includes primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics. The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health maintains the database as part of the Entrez system of information retrieval.

From 1971 to 1997, online access to the MEDLINE database was provided via computer, using phone lines primarily through institutional facilities, such as university libraries. PubMed, first released in January 1996, ushered in the era of private, free, home- and office-based MEDLINE searching. It was released alongside "Internet Grateful Med" (web-version of Grateful Med). In 2001 Grateful Med was deleted and entirely replaced by PubMed. The PubMed system was offered free to the public starting in June 1997.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry
The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the BMJ Group. It covers research and reviews in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. Its editor-in-chief is Karen L. Furie (Brown University).
Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.

Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis, commonly known as dog's mercury, is a poisonous woodland plant found in much of Europe as well as in Algeria, Iran, Turkey, and the Caucasus, but almost absent from Ireland, Orkney and Shetland. A member of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), it is a herbaceous, downy perennial with erect stems bearing simple, serrate leaves. The dioecious inflorescences are green, bearing inconspicuous flowers from February to April.  It characteristically forms dense, extensive carpets on the floor of woodlands and beneath hedgerows.
Manuel Roxas
Manuel Acuña Roxas QSC (Tagalog: [maˈnwel aˈkuɲa ˈɾɔhas]; January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the fifth president of the Philippines, serving from 1946 until his death in 1948. He served briefly as the third and last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from May 28, 1946, to July 4, 1946, and became the first President of the Independent Third Philippine Republic after the United States ceded its sovereignty over the Philippines.

Eulogio Rodriguez
Eulogio "Amang" A. Rodriguez, Sr. (born Eulogio Adona Rodríguez; January 21, 1883 – December 9, 1964) was a Filipino politician who twice served as President of the Senate of the Philippines. He was known for vehemently confronting corruption during the administration of Carlos P. Garcia, alleging he held a list of corrupt officials close to the president which the media dubbed the "White Paper".
Alka Yagnik
Alka Yagnik (born 20 March 1966) is an Indian playback singer who worked predominantly in Hindi cinema from 1980s to mid 2000s. One of the most prominent singers of 1990s era Bollywood, she has received several accolades including two National Film Awards, two Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards and seven Filmfare Awards for Best Female Playback Singer from thirty-seven nominations.

She was honoured with Padma Bhushan by the Government of India for her contribution to Indian music and playback singing in 2026.

Yagnik has sung maximum female solo songs in her Bollywood career along with Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle. Several of her soundtracks were included in the BBC "Top 40 Bollywood soundtracks of all time".

Yagnik is the most popular music artist of all time on YouTube, with the mention in the Guinness Book of World Records of 17 billion streams in 2021 and 16.6 billion in 2020. As of 2026, she is the most streamed weekly music artist on Youtube.

Roopkumar Rathod
Roopkumar Rathod is an Indian playback singer, pop singer, and music composer. He has performed a number of songs in Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, Assamese, Odia, Nepali, Bhojpuri and Kannada films.
Byssus
A byssus (/ˈbɪsəs/) is a bundle of filaments secreted by many species of bivalve mollusc that function to attach the mollusc to a solid surface. Species from several families of clams have a byssus, including pen shells (Pinnidae), true mussels (Mytilidae), and Dreissenidae.

Substrate (biology)
In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae. Inert substrates are used as growing support materials in the hydroponic cultivation of plants. In biology substrates are often activated by the nanoscopic process of substrate presentation.
Styria (Slovenia)
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Styria (/ˈstɪəriə/; Slovene: Štajerska [ˈʃtáːjɛɾska]), also known as Slovenian Styria (Slovenska Štajerska; Austrian German: Slowenische Steiermark) or Lower Styria (Spodnja Štajerska; Untersteiermark) to differentiate it from Austrian Styria, is a traditional region in northeastern Slovenia, comprising the southern third of the former Duchy of Styria. The population of Styria in its historical boundaries amounts to around 705,000 inhabitants, or 34.5% of the population of Slovenia. Its largest city and urban center is Maribor, with other urban centers including Celje, Velenje, Ptuj and Trbovlje.

Municipality of Sveti Tomaž
The Municipality of Sveti Tomaž (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti tɔˈmaːʃ]) is a municipality in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Prlekija Hills and was part of the Municipality of Ormož until 2006. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria and is now part of the Drava Statistical Region. The seat of the municipality is Sveti Tomaž.
Godstone
Godstone is a village and civil parish in the Tandridge District of Surrey, England. It is 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Reigate, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Oxted, 22 miles (35 km) east of Guildford and 18 miles (29 km) south of London. Close to the North Downs, both the North Downs Way and the Greensand Way pass through Godstone.

Horne, Surrey
Horne is a rural village and civil parish in the District of Tandridge in Surrey, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Newchapel, where the British Wildlife Centre is situated. Eastern fields forming a narrow part of the parish are split by the A22 road, a main road to East Grinstead.

The civil parish covers 1,419 hectares (3,510 acres) and is centred 4.6 miles (7.4 km) east of Horley, 4.2 miles (6.8 km) west of Lingfield, 8.0 miles (12.9 km) SSW of Oxted, and 22.0 miles (35.4 km) south-east of Kingston upon Thames. At the 2011 Census the civil parish included the population of Newchapel.
Reserve team
In sports, a reserve team is a team composed of players who are under contract to a club but who do not regularly play in matches for the club's primary team. Reserve teams usually include players who are part of the larger first-team squad but unable to command a place in the team itself as well as young players who need playing time to improve their skills before progressing to the first team.  In some countries, reserve or development teams compete in entirely separate competitions from first teams, while some countries allow reserve teams or farm teams to compete in the same league system as their club's first team, although usually in separate divisions.

Atlético Malagueño
Club Atlético Malagueño, shortened to Atlético Malagueño, (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈtletiko malaˈɣeɲo]) is a Spanish football team based in Málaga, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1990, it is the reserve team of Málaga CF, and currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 4, holding home games at Ciudad Deportiva Federación Malagueña de Fútbol, which has a capacity of 1,300 spectators.

Reserve teams in the Spain play in the same football pyramid as their senior team rather than a separate league. However, reserve teams cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Therefore, the team is ineligible for promotion to the division in which the first team competes. Reserve teams are also no longer permitted to enter the Copa del Rey.
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ferroˈviːe dello ˈstaːto itaˈljaːne]; lit. 'Italian State Railways JSC'; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.

Rete Mediterranea
Rete Mediterranea (RM) defines that part of the Italian railway network that, under the law of 27 April 1885, no. 3048 was assigned to the Società per le Strade Ferrate del Mediterraneo for operation and development. These were mainly lines from the north-west, Ligurian and Tyrrhenian. The initials RM were also used to mark locomotives and rolling stock.
Graham Rahal
Graham Robert Rahal (/ˈreɪhɔːl/ RAY-hawl; born January 4, 1989) is an American race car driver and small business owner. He currently races in the IndyCar Series with Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing, a team partially owned by his father Bobby Rahal, the winner of the 1986 Indianapolis 500.

Jay Howard
Jay Howard (born 16 February 1981 in Basildon, England) is a British professional race car driver who competed in the IndyCar Series and Indianapolis 500. He qualified for the Indianapolis 500 in 2011, 2017 and 2018.
Le Dernier qui a parlé...
"Le Dernier qui a parlé..." (French pronunciation: [lə dɛʁnje ki a paʁle]; "The last to have spoken...") is a song recorded by singer-songwriter Amina, with music composed by Wasis Diop and lyrics by Amina herself. It represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1991, performed as "C'est le dernier qui a parlé qui a raison" ("It's the last to have spoken who is right").

France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009
France was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "Et s'il fallait le faire" written by Fred Blondin and Anse Lazio, and performed by Patricia Kaas. The French broadcaster France Télévisions in collaboration with the television channel France 3 internally selected the French entry for the 2009 contest in Moscow, Russia. Patricia Kaas was officially announced by France 3 as the French entrant on 28 January 2009 and later the song was presented to the public as the contest entry on 1 February 2009.

As a member of the "Big Four", France automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing in position 3, France placed eighth out of the 25 participating countries with 107 points.
2018 Netball Quad Series (September)
The second 2018 Netball Quad Series was the sixth Netball Quad Series series. It was co-hosted by Netball Australia and Netball New Zealand. It featured Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa playing each other in a series of six netball test matches in September 2018. It was the second of two Netball Quad Series' played in 2018. The first series was played in January.

With a team coached by Lisa Alexander and captained by Caitlin Bassett, Australia won the series after winning all three of their matches. The series was broadcast live on Nine/9Gem in Australia, on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom and Ireland, on Sky Sport in New Zealand and on SuperSport (South Africa).

2019 Netball Quad Series
The 2019 Netball Quad Series was the seventh Netball Quad Series series. It was hosted by England Netball. It featured Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa playing each other in a series of six netball test matches in January 2019. The first two matches were played at Liverpool's M&S Bank Arena while the remaining four were played at London's Copper Box Arena.

With a team coached by Lisa Alexander and captained by Gabi Simpson and Caitlin Thwaites, Australia won the series over England on goal difference, having defeated both South Africa and New Zealand. Despite wins over New Zealand and Australia, a loss to South Africa ultimately cost England their first Netball Quad Series title. The series was broadcast live on Nine/9Gem in Australia and on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
VSI Tampa Bay FC
VSI Tampa Bay FC was an American soccer team based in Plant City, Florida. They played in USL Pro, the third tier of the American soccer pyramid, in the 2013 season. VSI Tampa Bay FC were owned by VisionPro Sports Institute and were affiliated with a women's team in the W-League, an amateur team in the USL Premier Development League (PDL), and a youth team in the Super-20 League. All the teams folded in 2013.

Phoenix FC
Phoenix FC was an American professional soccer team based in Phoenix. The team was a member of the USL Professional Division, the third tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. The team's colors were red and white.
Android 11
Android 11  is the eleventh major release and 18th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. It was released on September 8, 2020. The first phone launched in Europe with Android 11 was the Vivo X51 5G and after its full stable release, the first phone in the world which came with Android 11 was Vivo V20.

As of January 2026, 8.44% of all Android smartphones & tablets still run Android 11, making it the sixth most common version.

Android 12
Android 12 is the twelfth major release and 19th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The first beta was released on May 18, 2021. Android 12 was publicly released on October 4, 2021, through the Android Open Source Project (AOSP), and was released to supported Google Pixel devices on October 19, 2021.

As of January 2026, Android 12 is the 5th most widely used version of Android, with 10.45% market share (slightly behind Android 13), with 682 million devices. The first phones to have Android 12 were the Google Pixel 6 and 6 Pro.
Cleto González Víquez
Cleto de Jesús González Víquez (13 October 1858 – 23 September 1937) was a Costa Rican lawyer, historian and politician who served as the 18th and 26th President of Costa Rica, serving from 1906 to 1910 and 1928 to 1932. Alongside Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, González is regarded as one of the most influential Costa Rican liberal political figures of the 20th century.

González was born in Barva, Heredia, on 13 October 1858, the son of Cleto González Pérez and Aurora Víquez Murillo. He pursued a career in law and public service and became widely known for his contributions to the political and institutional development of Costa Rica.

In 1889, he married Adela Herrán Bonilla. He died in San José on 23 September 1937. In recognition of his service to the nation, González Víquez was posthumously awarded the title of Benemérito de la Patria (Meritorious of the Homeland) on 5 October 1944.

Bernardo Soto Alfaro
Ramón Bernardo Soto Alfaro (12 February 1854 – 28 January 1931) was Costa Rican lawyer, millitary officer and politician who served as the 14th President of Costa Rica from 1885 to 1889. A Freemason and prominent member of the liberal Olympus Generation, he was the second-youngest person to assume the presidency, at age 31.
Florida Atlantic Owls football
The Florida Atlantic Owls football program represents Florida Atlantic University (FAU) in the sport of American football. The Owls compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in the American Conference. The Owls play their home games at FAU Stadium which has a seating capacity of 29,419.

South Florida Bulls football
The South Florida Bulls football team represents the University of South Florida (USF). The Bulls began playing in 1997, and compete in the American Conference (The American) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) within the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The team currently plays its home games at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida, however the Bulls will host home games at a new $340 million on-campus stadium starting in the 2027 season.
Peak Charles National Park
Peak Charles National Park is a national park in Western Australia, 507 kilometres (315 mi) east of Perth and 170 km (110 mi) north west of Esperance.

The park is named for one of the main features, Peak Charles, which is an ancient granite peak with an elevation of 651 m (2,136 ft)
that dominates the park along with its neighbour Peak Eleanora. Both afford excellent views over the park, which is primarily composed of dry sand plain heaths and salt lake systems.

It is located within the IBRA sub region of the Eastern Mallee and has a number of rare plants within its boundaries including Gastrolobium acrocaroli.

No entry fee applies to enter the park but there are few facilities available to tourists. A car park, campground and toilets are available.

A 2 km (1.2 mi) looped walk trail to a lookout at the top of Peak Charles is also available which requires rock scrambling.

Esperance Plains
Esperance Plains,  also known as Eyre Botanical District, is a biogeographic region in southern Western Australia on the south coast between the Avon Wheatbelt and Hampton bioregions, and bordered to the north by the Mallee region. It is a plain punctuated by granite and quartz outcrops and ranges, with a semi-arid Mediterranean climate and vegetation consisting mostly of mallee-heath and proteaceous scrub. About half of the region has been cleared for intensive agriculture. Recognised as a bioregion under the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), it was first defined by John Stanley Beard in 1980.
James II of Scotland
James II (16 October 1430 – 3 August 1460) was King of Scots from 1437 until his death in 1460. The eldest surviving son of James I of Scotland, he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of six, following the assassination of his father. The first Scottish monarch not to be crowned at Scone, James II's coronation took place at Holyrood Abbey in March 1437. After a reign characterised by struggles to maintain control of his kingdom, he was killed by an exploding cannon at Roxburgh Castle in 1460.

John of Islay, Earl of Ross
John of Islay (or John MacDonald) (1434–1503), Earl of Ross, fourth (and last) Lord of the Isles, and Mac Domhnaill (chief of Clan Donald), was a pivotal figure in late medieval Scotland: specifically in the struggle for power with James Stewart, James III of Scotland, in the remoter formerly Norse-dominated regions of the kingdom.  His defeat in this conflict led to rebellion against John by his illegitimate son Angus Óg, resulting in the defeat of John's fleet at the Battle of Bloody Bay in the early 1480s.  Thereafter and until his death in 1503 John remained an inconsequential figure while, until his murder in 1490, Angus continued to dominate the affairs of Clan Donald.  In 1493 James IV brought the Lordship of the Isles to an end.
Barometer
A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure. Pressure tendency, which is derived from barometric readings, can forecast short term changes in the weather. Many measurements of air pressure are used within surface weather analysis to help find surface troughs, pressure systems and frontal boundaries.

Barometers and pressure altimeters (the most basic and common type of altimeter) are essentially the same instrument, but used for different purposes. A pressure altimeter is used to estimate altitude by measuring the pressure of the atmosphere surrounding the altimeter and comparing the result to the expected atmospheric pressure at various altitudes, while a barometer is kept at a constant altitude and measures subtle pressure changes caused by weather and elements of weather.  The average atmospheric pressure on the Earth's surface varies between 940 and 1040 hPa (mbar). The average atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1013 hPa (mbar).

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.