hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Koroviakov
Alexander Petrovich Koroviakov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Петро́вич Коровя́ков; 16 November 1912 – 12 June 1993) was a Soviet, Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting.

Yuri Belov (painter)
Yuri Vladimirovich Belov (Russian: Ю́рий Влади́мирович Бело́в; May 27, 1929 – July 23, 2017) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad). He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (named the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation before 1992), and regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his historical and genre paintings.
Vsevolod Bazhenov
Vsevolod Andreevich Bazhenov (Russian: Все́волод Андре́евич Баже́нов; February 18, 1909 – August 2, 1986) was a Soviet, Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as a known representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his landscape paintings.

Nikolai Mukho
Nikolai Antonovich Mukho (Russian: Никола́й Анто́нович Мухо́; December 6, 1913 – August 6, 1986) was a Soviet, Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad, and was regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting. He was best known for his portraits.
Monti Cimini
The Monti Cimini, in English: Cimini Hills, are a range of densely wooded volcanic hills approximately 56 km (35 mi) north-west of Rome. They are part of the Antiapennine range, facing the Apennines main range towards the Tyrrhenian Sea. They are situated in the centre of Tuscia Viterbese, the highest point at Mount Cimino, 1,053 m (3,455 ft) above sea level. Lake Vico, a volcanic crater lake, is situated in the hills.

Monti Sabatini
The Monti Sabatini is a geologic region in Lazio, central Italy, a remnant of intense volcanism which started ca. 600,000 years ago, mainly with pyroclastic and maar forming eruptions which continued until 100,000 years ago. The region is classified as a dormant volcanic district. The mountains are part of the Lazio's Anti-Apennines. Included between the Monti Sabatini is the Lake Bracciano, which is a volcanotectonic depression formed about 3.7 Ma, and the Lake Martignano. The sedimentary base of the Sabatini complex lies buried under 200 m (660 ft) of volcanic ash and rocks.
Moldavia
Moldavia (Romanian: Moldova, pronounced [molˈdova] ⓘ or Țara Moldovei lit. 'The land of Moldova'; in Romanian Cyrillic: Мѡлдѡва or Цара Мѡлдовєй) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state under Ottoman overlordship, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa. It also included the region of Pokuttya for a period of time.

The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.

Alexandru Lăpușneanu
Alexandru IV Lăpușneanu (1499 – 5 May 1568) was ruler of Moldavia between September 1552 and 18 November 1561 and then October 1564 to 5 May 1568. He was the son of Bogdan III the One-Eyed. His wife and consort was Doamna Ruxanda Lăpușneanu, the daughter of Peter IV Rareș and Princess Elena Ecaterina Rareș (the second daughter of Jovan Branković of Serbia). He was the original founder of the Dormition Church, Lviv, also commonly known as the Wallachian Church. His son Bogdan IV of Moldavia succeeded him and ruled 1568–1572.

The writer Constantin Negruzzi wrote the short story Alexandru Lăpușneanu in 1857 based on the ruler's life; it was turned into an opera by Alexandru Zirra.
PK Carsport
Pekaracing NV, competing as PK Carsport, is a racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Euro Series as well as the Belcar Trophy in conjunction with Russell Racing. The team has previously competed in other series such as the FIA GT Championship.

CAAL Racing
CAAL Racing is an Italian racing team based in Todi, Province of Perugia that currently competes in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series. The team has won the Elite 1 championship twice in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series as well as winning the team championship five times in the defunct Superstars Series. The team priorly fielded the No. 54 Chevrolet Camaro for Gianmarco Ercoli and Luli del Castello, the No. 56 Chevrolet Camaro for Nicolò Rocca and Gil Linster, and the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro for Max Lanza and Alberto "Naska" Fontana and is currently fielding the No. 54 Chevrolet Camaro for Gianmarco Ercoli and Alberto "Naska" Fontana, the No. 56 Chevrolet Camaro for Marc Goossens and Sven van Laere, and the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro for Max Lanza and Roberto Benedetti.
Simargl
Simargl (also Sěmargl, Semargl) or Sěm and Rgel is an East Slavic god or gods often depicted as a winged dog, mentioned in two sources. The origin and etymology of this/these figure(s) is the subject of considerable debate. The dominant view is to interpret Simargl as a single deity who was borrowed from the Iranian Simurgh. However, this view is criticized, and some researchers propose that the existence of two deities, Sěm and Rgel, should be recognized.

Perun
In Slavic mythology, Perun (Cyrillic: Перун) is the highest god of the pantheon and the god of sky, thunder, lightning, storms, rain, law, war, fertility and oak trees. His other attributes were fire, mountains, wind, iris, eagle, firmament (in Indo-European languages, this was joined with the notion of the sky of stone), horses and carts, and weapons (hammer, axe (Axe of Perun), and arrow). The supreme god in the Kievan Rus' during the 9th-10th centuries, Perun was first associated with weapons made of stone and later with those of metal.
City-building game
A city-building game, citybuilder or town-building game, is a genre of simulation video game where players act as the overall planner and leader of a city or town, looking down on it from above, and being responsible for its growth and management strategy. Players choose building placement and city management features such as salaries and work priorities, and the city develops accordingly.

City-building games such as SimCity, Cities XXL or Cities: Skylines are considered a type of construction and management simulation.

Strategy video game
A strategy video game is a video game genre that emphasizes strategic or tactical planning and decision-making, often involving the indirect control of multiple units and the management of limited resources, rather than the quick reflexes typical of action games.

Strategy video games are commonly divided into two main forms: turn-based strategy (TBS), in which players act in discrete turns, and real-time strategy (RTS), in which play proceeds continuously. Many also incorporate elements such as tactics, diplomacy, economics, or exploration.

Electronic strategy games developed in part from earlier non-digital board games and wargames, and scholars note that the definition of “strategy” in games is not entirely uniform across contexts.
Miles per hour
Miles per hour (mph, m.p.h., MPH, or mi/h) is a British imperial and United States customary unit of speed expressing the number of miles travelled in one hour. It is used in the United Kingdom, the United States, and a number of smaller countries, most of which are UK or US territories, or have close historical ties with the UK or US.

Long ton
The long ton, also known as the imperial ton, displacement ton, or British ton, is a measurement unit equal to 2,240 pounds (1,016.0 kg). It is the name for the unit called the "ton" in the avoirdupois system of weights or Imperial system of measurements. It was standardised in the 13th century. It is used in the United States for bulk commodities.

It is not to be confused with the short ton, a unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds (907.2 kg) used in the United States, and Canada before metrication, also referred to simply as a "ton".
John Wright (cricketer, born 1954)
John Geoffrey Wright MBE (born 5 July 1954) is a former international cricketer who represented – and captained – New Zealand. He made his international debut in 1978 against England.

He scored more than 5,000 Test runs (the first New Zealand Test player to do so) at an average of 37.82 runs per dismissal with 12 Test centuries, 10 of them in New Zealand. He also played for Derbyshire in England from 1977 to 1988. In first-class cricket he scored more than 25,000 runs, including more than 50 first-class centuries. He scored over 10,000 runs in List A limited-overs cricket.

Following his retirement in 1993, he coached the Indian national cricket team from 2000 to 2005 and New Zealand from 2010 to 2012. With India, he helped the national team to be one of the dual-winners of the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy, along with Sri Lanka, and led the team to the finals of the 2003 Cricket World Cup.

Bruce Edgar
Bruce Adrian Edgar (born 23 November 1956) is a former cricketer who represented New Zealand in both Test and One Day International (ODI) format. A chartered accountant by profession, Edgar played as a left-handed opening batsman and an occasional wicketkeeper during one of New Zealand's most successful eras in international cricket. He gained respect across the cricket world for his courage against the fastest bowlers of his era (which included greats like Imran Khan, Michael Holding, Bob Willis and Dennis Lillee), his classically straight batting technique, and his outstanding teamwork.

In 1981, Edgar became the first cricketer to be unbeaten on 99 in an ODI innings
Alessandro Pier Guidi
Alessandro Pier Guidi (born 18 December 1983) is a racing driver from Italy. A Ferrari factory driver since 2017, he won the LMGTE Pro FIA World Endurance Championship in 2017, 2021 and 2022, the 2019 and 2021 24 Hours of Le Mans in the LMGTE Pro class, and claimed the 24 Hours of Spa in 2021, as well as taking an overall win at the 2023 24 Hours of Le Mans along with James Calado and Antonio Giovinazzi.

Davide Rigon
Davide Rigon (born 26 August 1986) is an Italian professional racing driver who is currently competing in the FIA World Endurance Championship and other selected GT races for AF Corse. He is also currently part of the Scuderia Ferrari Formula One test driver team.
Val di Noto
Val di Noto (lit. 'Province of Noto') is a historical and geographical area encompassing the south-eastern third of Sicily; it is dominated by the limestone Hyblaean plateau. Historically, it was one of the three valli of Sicily.

Val Demone
Val Demone or Val di Demona is a historical and geographical region encompassing the north-eastern third of Sicily. Historically, it was one of the three valli of Sicily. In modern usage, the name is also employed in viticultural contexts to refer to the Val Demone wine region.

Val Demone was the last part of the island to be conquered by the Arabs in the 10th century. Christian refugees from other parts of Sicily congregated there, and the region remained in contact with the Byzantine provinces in southern Italy. It was the base for the Byzantine attempt to reconquer Sicily under George Maniakes in the early 11th century. Consequently it was the least Arabicized and Islamized part of Sicily.
Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Ernest I (German: Ernst Anton Karl Ludwig; 2 January 1784 – 29 January 1844) served as the last sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (as Ernest III) from 1806 to 1826 and the first sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1826 to 1844. He was the father of Prince Albert, who was the husband of Queen Victoria. Ernest fought against Napoleon Bonaparte, and through construction projects and the establishment of a court theatre, he left a strong imprint on his residence town, Coburg.

Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Marie Louise Victoire; 17 August 1786 – 16 March 1861), later Princess of Leiningen and subsequently Duchess of Kent and Strathearn, was a German princess and the mother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. As the widow of Emich Karl, Prince of Leiningen, from 1814, she served as regent of the principality during the minority of her son from her first marriage, Karl, until her second wedding in 1818 to Prince Edward, fourth son of George III.
Woodcote
Woodcote is a village and civil parish in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Wallingford and about 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Reading. It is in the Chiltern Hills, and the highest part of the village is 600 feet (180 m) above sea level. Woodcote lies between the Goring Road and the A4074. It is centred on the village green and Church Farm, with the village hall centred on the crossroads. In 2001 the parish had a population of 2715.

Stoke Row
Stoke Row is a village and civil parish in the Chiltern Hills, about 5 miles (8 km) west of Henley-on-Thames in South Oxfordshire and about 9 miles (14 km) north of Reading. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 651.
FV103 Spartan
FV103 Spartan is a tracked armoured personnel carrier. It was developed for the British Army as the APC variant of the Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked) family. The vehicle can carry up to seven personnel, including three crew members. Armed with a single machine gun, it is almost indistinguishable from the FV102 Striker in external appearance.

Rather than a general personnel carrier for infantry, the Spartan had been used for moving specialist teams, such as anti-aircraft missile teams. An anti-tank variant of the Spartan armed with MILAN anti-tank missiles was produced, named the FV120 Spartan MCT. Nearly 500 Spartans served with the British armed forces since entering service in 1978. Replacement by newer vehicles started in 2009. The vehicle is now out of British service.

FV107 Scimitar
The FV107 Scimitar is an armoured tracked military reconnaissance vehicle (sometimes classed as a light tank) formerly used by the British Army, until it was retired from active service in April 2023. It was manufactured by Alvis in Coventry. It is very similar to the FV101 Scorpion, but mounts a high-velocity 30 mm L21 RARDEN cannon instead of a low-velocity 76 mm gun. It was issued to Royal Armoured Corps armoured regiments in the reconnaissance role. Each regiment originally had a close reconnaissance squadron of five troops, each containing eight FV107 Scimitars. Each Main Battle Tank Regiment also employed eight Scimitars in the close reconnaissance role.
Lightnin' Hopkins
Samuel John "Lightnin'" Hopkins (March 15, 1912 – January 30, 1982) was an American country blues singer, songwriter, guitarist and occasional pianist from Centerville, Texas. In 2010, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him No. 71 on its list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time.

Bukka White
Booker T. Washington "Bukka" White (November 12, between 1900 and 1909 – February 26, 1977) was an American Delta blues guitarist and singer. His first full-length biography, The Life and Music of Booker "Bukka" White: Recalling the Blues (2024), has been published by the University Press of Mississippi.
American Champion Decathlon
The American Champion 8KCAB Decathlon and Super Decathlon are two-seat fixed conventional gear light airplanes designed for flight training and personal use and capable of sustaining aerobatic stresses between +6g and −5g.  The Decathlon entered production in the United States in 1970 as a more powerful and stronger complement to the American Champion Citabria line of aircraft.

The Decathlon was designed by the Champion Aircraft Corporation, and is a derivative of the 7-series Citabrias.  While the Citabria designs remain successful, and the introduction of the 7KCAB variant of the Citabria had added limited inverted flight capability, the Citabrias are not capable of "outside" maneuvers, those requiring significant negative-g loads.  Pilots wanted an aircraft capable of more maneuvers, and Champion introduced the 8KCAB Decathlon in response to this demand.

Aeronca Champion
The Aeronca Model 7 Champion, commonly known as the "Champ", or "Airknocker", is a single-engine light airplane with a high wing, generally configured with fixed conventional landing gear and tandem seating for two occupants.

The Champ was designed for flight training
and personal use, and was specifically developed to compete with the popular Piper Cub. It entered production in the United States in 1945, spawning one of the most popular, and longest-produced, light airplane models in the world.

In addition to the Champ's large-volume production by Aeronca Aircraft, it was revived in variations by the Champion Aircraft Company in the 1950s and 1960s, and then again in further variants by Bellanca in the 1960s and 1970s, and by American Champion Aircraft in the early 2000s.

To take advantage of the new light-sport aircraft (LSA) category, the Champion was returned to production in 2007, but was discontinued by mid-2019.
County Donegal
County Donegal (/ˌdʌnɪˈɡɔːl, ˌdɒnɪˈɡɔːl/ DUN-ig-AWL, DON-ig-awl; Irish: Contae Dhún na nGall) is a county of the Republic of Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is the northernmost county of Ireland. The county mostly borders Northern Ireland, sharing only a small border with the rest of the Republic. It is named after the town of Donegal in the south of the county. It has also been known as  County Tyrconnell or Tirconaill (Tír Chonaill), after the historical territory on which it was based. Donegal County Council is the local council and Lifford is the county town.

The population was 167,084 at the 2022 census.

County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.
Ashburn, Chicago
Ashburn, one of Chicago's 77 community areas, is located on the south side of the city. Greater Ashburn covers nearly five square miles. The approximate boundaries of Ashburn are 72nd Street (north), Western Avenue (east), 87th Street (south) and Cicero Avenue (west).

Garfield Ridge, Chicago
Garfield Ridge is the 56th of Chicago's 77 community areas. Located 10 miles (16 km) from the Loop, it is on the city's far southwest side. As of 2017, the area had 36,396 inhabitants.

Named for Garfield Boulevard and a nearby glacial ridge, the area suffered from land of poor quality and was historically used as a transportation corridor rather than a place of residence. Annexed to Chicago piecemeal in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the area's population surged during the 1920s after Midway International Airport was constructed. The decline in the use of Midway in favor of O'Hare International Airport led to a corresponding decline in population, which transitioned from being predominately Eastern European to having a substantial number of Hispanic people. By 2017, Hispanics comprised almost half of the area's residents.

In addition to Midway Airport, the area is home to other transportation.
AP Biology
Advanced Placement (AP) Biology (also known as AP Bio) is an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States. For the 2012–2013 school year, the College Board unveiled a new curriculum with a greater focus on "scientific practices".

This course is designed for students who wish to pursue an interest in the life sciences. The College Board recommends successful completion of high school biology and high school chemistry before commencing AP Biology, although the actual prerequisites vary from school to school and from state to state.

AP Physics C: Mechanics
Advanced Placement (AP) Physics C: Mechanics (also known as AP Mechanics) is an introductory physics course administered by the American College Board as part of its Advanced Placement program. It is intended to serve as a proxy for a one-semester calculus-based university course in mechanics. Physics C: Mechanics may be combined with its electricity and magnetism counterpart to form a year-long course that prepares for both exams.
Parma
Parma (Italian: [ˈparma] ⓘ; Parmigiano: Pärma [ˈpɛːʁmɐ]) is a city in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Northern Italy, known for its architecture, music, art, prosciutto (ham), cheese and surrounding countryside. With a population of 202,111 inhabitants as of 2025, Parma is the second most populous city in Emilia-Romagna after Bologna, the region's capital. The city is home to the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world. Parma is divided into two parts by the stream of the same name. The district on the west side of the river is Oltretorrente, meaning The other side of the stream. Parma's Etruscan name was adapted by Romans to describe the round shield called Parma.

Fidenza
Fidenza (Parmigiano: Fidénsa, locally Bùragh) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Parma, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. It has around 27,000 inhabitants. The town was renamed Fidenza in 1927, recalling its Roman name of Fidentia; before, it was called Borgo San Donnino (Parmigiano: Bórgh San Donén).
Giovanni Cariani
Giovanni Cariani (c. 1490–1547), also known as  Giovanni Busi or Il Cariani, was an Italian painter of the high-Renaissance, active in Venice and the Venetian mainland, including Bergamo, thought to be his native city.

Palma Vecchio
Palma Vecchio (c. 1480 – 30 July 1528), born Jacopo Palma, also known as Jacopo Negretti, was a Venetian painter of the Italian High Renaissance. He is called Palma Vecchio in English and Palma il Vecchio in Italian ("Palma the Elder") to distinguish him from Palma il Giovane ("Palma the Younger"), his great-nephew, who was also a painter.
Remo
Remo Inc. is an American musical instruments manufacturing company based in Valencia, California, and founded by Remo Belli in 1957. Products manufactured include drum kits, drumheads, drums, and hardware, and various percussion instruments.

Regal Tip
Regal Tip is one of the world's largest manufacturers of drum sticks and other percussion mallets.  They produce a range of beaters, but are particularly noted as a manufacturer of premium steel brushes and nylon tipped drumsticks. In 2003, the company was the largest manufacturer of brushes.

In 1958, drummer Joe Calato introduced his invention of the nylon tip drumstick to improve the longevity of sticks. Joe opened a factory to produce and ship sticks worldwide. The company also manufactures wood tip drumsticks, brushes, mallets, signature brushes, signature drumsticks, rutes, and general accessories.

Joe Calato died on September 1, 2023.
Madja-as
Madja-as was a legendary precolonial confederacy on the island of Panay in the Philippines. It was mentioned in Pedro Monteclaro's book titled Maragtas. It was supposedly created by Datu Sumakwel to exercise his authority over all the other datus of Panay. Like the Maragtas and the Code of Kalantiaw, the historical authenticity of the confederation is disputed.

Dapitan Kingdom
Dapitan Kingdom (also called Bool Kingdom) is the term used by local historians of Bohol, Philippines, to refer to the Dauis–Mansasa polity in the modern city of Tagbilaran and the adjacent island of Panglao. The volume of artifacts unearthed in the sites of Dauis and Mansasa may have inspired the creation of the legend of the "Dapitan Kingdom" through piecing together the oral legends of the Eskaya people and historical events such as the Ternatean raid of Bohol and the migration of Boholanos under Datu Pagbuaya to Dapitan.