hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuri Khukhrov
Yuri Dmitrievich Khukhrov (Russian: Ю́рий Дми́триевич Хухро́в; May 14, 1932 – November 22, 2003) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad). He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 named as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), and regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

Varlen Pen
Pen Varlen (Russian: Пен Варлен; Korean: 변월룡; Hanja: 邊月龍; MR: Pyŏn Wŏlryong; September 29, 1916 – May 26, 1990) was a Soviet Russian-Korean painter and graphic artist.

He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting, and most famous for his portrait paintings. Pen also spent 15 months as a Professor and Dean at the Pyongyang Fine Arts University in North Korea between 1953 and 1954. In 2016, the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art held an exhibition in his name.
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud (Arabic: بندر بن سلطان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود; born 2 March 1949) is a member of the Saudi royal family, military officer, and retired diplomat who served as Saudi Arabia's ambassador to the United States from 1983 to 2005. He is the grandson of Saudi King Abdulaziz.

From 2005 to 2015, Bandar served as secretary general of the National Security Council and was director general of the Saudi Intelligence Agency from 2012 to 2014. From 2014 to 2015, he was King Abdullah's special envoy.

Haifa bint Faisal Al Saud
Haifa bint Faisal Al Saud (Arabic: هيفاء بنت فيصل آل سعود; born 1950) is a member of the House of Saud. She is one of the grandchildren of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz and one of the children of King Faisal.
San Miguel Beermen (ABL)
The San Miguel Beermen was a professional basketball team that played in the ASEAN Basketball League (ABL) from 2012 to 2013. The team was from the Philippines and owned by San Miguel Corporation (SMC). This franchise was separate and distinct from the original Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) franchise which played as the "Petron Blaze Boosters" when this team was active. The Beermen played most of their home games at the Ynares Sports Arena in Pasig but also played some of their games in the Olivarez College Gym, Ynares Center, and PhilSports Arena.

Indonesia Warriors
The Indonesia Warriors was an Indonesian professional basketball team that last competed in the ASEAN Basketball League (ABL).

Based in Jakarta, Indonesia, the Warriors replaced Satria Muda BritAma as Indonesia's representative in ABL.

On 19 January 2015, team general manager Rudolph Tulus, the commercial and corporate partnership director of Indonesia Sport Venture, the company that owns and manages the Warriors, announced that management had decided to pull the Warriors out of the 2015–16 ABL season in order to focus on its team (Satria Muda BritAma) in the domestic league. Rudolph Tulus also cited the team's poor results in the 2014 season and its responsibility to its sponsors as contributing factors to the decision. He said that management had not ruled out rejoining the ABL, but he could not be sure when that might be.
Big band
A big band (historically referred to as jazz orchestra) is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. Big bands originated during the early 1910s and dominated jazz in the early 1940s when swing was most popular. The term "big band" is also used to describe a genre of music, although this was not the only style of music played by big bands.

Big bands started as accompaniment for dancing the Lindy Hop. In contrast to the typical jazz emphasis on improvisation, big bands relied on written compositions and arrangements. They gave a greater role to bandleaders, arrangers, and sections of instruments rather than soloists.

Gil Evans
Ian Ernest Gilmore Evans (né Green; May 13, 1912 – March 20, 1988) was a Canadian–American jazz pianist, arranger, composer and bandleader. He is widely recognized as one of the greatest orchestrators in jazz, playing an important role in the development of cool jazz, modal jazz, free jazz, and jazz fusion. He is best known for his acclaimed collaborations with Miles Davis.
Military Academy Karlberg
Military Academy Karlberg (Swedish: Militärhögskolan Karlberg, MHS K) is a Swedish military academy, since its inauguration in 1792 in operation in the Karlberg Palace in Solna, just north of central Stockholm. It is thus the oldest military academy in the world to remain in its original location.

Swedish cadets join the academy as part of their three-year training as do officers aspiring to become navy lieutenants or army and air force captains.

As of 2007, the academy employs approximately 150 people and train some 300 officers annually. Notwithstanding Karlberg being a military institution, the palace and its park, classified as a historical monument of national interest, is accessible to the general public.

Swedish Armed Forces Staff College
The [Royal] Swedish Armed Forces Staff College (Swedish: Militärhögskolan, MHS) was from 1961 to 1996 the Swedish Armed Forces highest institution for officers training, for staff and senior executive education and was located in Stockholm. In 1997 it was merged with the Swedish National Defence College and formed the "new" Swedish National Defence College.
2004 Romanian general election
General elections were held in Romania on 28 November 2004, with a second round of the presidential elections on 12 December between former Prime Minister Adrian Năstase of the then ruling Social Democratic Party (PSD) and then incumbent Bucharest Mayor Traian Băsescu of the opposition Justice and Truth Alliance (DA), more specifically of the Democratic Party (PD). Băsescu was elected President by a narrow majority of just 51.2%. The 2004 presidential election was the fifth of its kind held in post-1989 Romania.

Following 2003 amendments to the constitution which lengthened the presidential term to five years, these were the last joint elections to the presidency and Parliament in Romania's political history thus far.

2008 Romanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 30 November 2008. The Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) won three more seats than PSD in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, although the alliance headed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) won more votes and a fractionally higher vote share. The two parties subsequently formed a governing coalition with Emil Boc of the PDL as Prime Minister.
Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Maithili language
Maithili (Tirhuta: 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲, /ˈmaɪtɪli/ MY-til-ee, Maithili: [ˈməi̯tʰɪliː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is the second most commonly spoken native Nepalese language constitutionally registered as one of the fourteen provincial official languages of Nepal.

It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are Nepalese speakers. The language is predominantly written in Devanagari, but the historical Tirhuta and Kaithi scripts retain some use until today.

Ho language
Ho (Warang Chiti: 𑢹𑣉𑣉 𑣎𑣋𑣜‎, Ho pronunciation: [hoː dʑägär]) is a Munda language of the Austroasiatic language family spoken primarily in India by about 2.2  million people (0.202% of India's population) per the 2001 census. It is spoken by the Ho, Munda, Kolha and Kol tribal communities of Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Assam and is written using Warang Chiti script. Devanagari, Latin and Odia script are also used, although native speakers are said to prefer Warang Chiti, invented by Lako Bodra.

The name Ho is derived from the native word hoo meaning human being, with cognates in its sister languages hoṛo in Mundari, ho̠ṛ in Santali and koro in Korku.

Ho is closely related to Mundari and Santali. Ho and Mundari are often described as sister languages. Ho is closer to the Hasadaḱ dialect of Mundari than the other varieties spoken in Jharkhand. While being ethnically and linguistically close, Ho and Mundari speakers form distinct regional identities.
Ron Carter
Ronald Levin Carter (born May 4, 1937) is an American jazz double bassist. His appearances on 2,221 recording sessions make him the most-recorded jazz bassist in history. He has won three Grammy Awards, and is also a cellist who has recorded numerous times on the instrument. In addition to a solo career of more than 60 years, Carter is well-known for playing on numerous iconic Blue Note albums in the 1960s, as well as being the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "Second Great Quintet" from 1963-1968.

Beginning with Where? in 1961, Carter's studio albums as leader also include Uptown Conversation (1969), Blues Farm (1973), All Blues (1973), Spanish Blue (1974), Anything Goes (1975), Yellow & Green (1976), Pastels (1976), Piccolo (1977), Third Plane (1977), Peg Leg (1978), A Song for You (1978), Etudes (1982), The Golden Striker (2003), Dear Miles (2006), and Ron Carter's Great Big Band (2011).

Benny Golson
Benny Golson (January 25, 1929 – September 21, 2024) was an American bebop and hard bop jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and arranger. He came to prominence with the big bands of Lionel Hampton and Dizzy Gillespie, more as a writer than a performer, before launching his solo career. Golson was known for co-founding and co-leading The Jazztet with trumpeter Art Farmer in 1959. From the late 1960s through the 1970s Golson was in demand as an arranger for film and television and thus was less active as a performer, but he and Farmer re-formed the Jazztet in 1982.

Many of Golson's compositions have become jazz standards, including "I Remember Clifford", "Blues March", "Stablemates", "Whisper Not", "Along Came Betty", and "Killer Joe". He is regarded as "one of the most significant contributors" to the development of hard bop jazz, and was a recipient of a Grammy Trustees Award in 2021.
Maverick Viñales
Maverick Viñales Ruiz (Spanish pronunciation: [biˈɲales ˈrwiθ]; born 12 January 1995) is a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer, riding for Red Bull KTM Tech3 in the MotoGP class. He won the 2013 Moto3 World Championship. After five seasons as a MotoGP factory rider with the  Yamaha Factory Racing team, his contract was terminated by mutual consent midway through the 2021 season. He raced with the Aprilia Racing team in the 2022-2024 seasons before moving to Red Bull KTM Tech3 in 2025.

Enea Bastianini
Enea Bastianini (born 30 December 1997), nicknamed "La Bestia" (The Beast), is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racer, riding for Red Bull KTM Tech3 in the MotoGP class. He won the 2020 Moto2 World Championship.
Johann Jakob Griesbach
Johann Jakob Griesbach (4 January 1745 – 24 March 1812) was a German biblical textual critic. Griesbach's fame rests upon his work in New Testament criticism, in which he inaugurated a new epoch. His solution to the synoptic problem bears his name, but the Griesbach hypothesis has become, in modern times, known as the Two-Gospel hypothesis.

Johann Martin Augustin Scholz
Johann Martin Augustin Scholz (8 February 1794 – 20 October 1852) was a German Roman Catholic orientalist, biblical scholar and academic theologian. He was a professor at the University of Bonn and travelled extensively throughout Europe and the Near East in order to locate manuscripts of the New Testament.
Joe Nemechek
Joseph Frank Nemechek III (born September 26, 1963) is an American professional stock car racing driver. The 1992 NASCAR Busch Series champion, he has the second most national series (Cup, Xfinity, Truck) starts in NASCAR history.

He is the older brother of racing driver John Nemechek. He is the father of John Hunter Nemechek, who competes full-time in the Cup Series for Legacy Motor Club. He is nicknamed "Front-Row Joe", which was coined by former teammate Wally Dallenbach for his tendency in the late 1990s to be a regular contender for a front-row starting position.

Johnny Sauter
Jonathan Joseph Sauter (born May 1, 1978) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 66 Ford F-150 for ThorSport Racing. He has also driven in the NASCAR Cup Series and NASCAR Xfinity Series in the past. Sauter is the son of former NASCAR driver Jim Sauter, the brother of NASCAR drivers Tim Sauter and Jay Sauter, and the uncle of Travis Sauter. He is the 2016 Truck Series champion.
NK Domžale
Nogometni klub Domžale (English: Domžale Football Club), commonly referred to as NK Domžale or simply Domžale, was a Slovenian professional football club from the town of Domžale. Founded in 1920, Domžale spent 28 seasons in the Slovenian PrvaLiga, the top tier of Slovenian football, until the club was dissolved in early 2026 due to financial problems. They played their home matches at the Domžale Sports Park.

Domžale's golden era was in the 2000s, when the club was promoted back to the top flight and subsequently won two consecutive top division titles under manager Slaviša Stojanović, in 2007 and 2008. In addition, they also won two Slovenian Cups (2011 and 2017) and two Slovenian Supercups (2007 and 2011).

NK Triglav Kranj
Nogometni klub Triglav Kranj (English: Triglav Kranj Football Club), commonly referred to as NK Triglav Kranj or simply Triglav, is a Slovenian football club from Kranj that competes in the Slovenian Second League, the second highest league in Slovenia. The club was founded in 1920. In the mid-1990s, they merged with NK Naklo and were re-established under the current name Triglav Kranj.
Larry Niven
Laurence van Cott Niven (/ˈnɪvən/; born April 30, 1938) is an American science fiction writer. His 1970 novel Ringworld won the Hugo, Locus, Ditmar, and Nebula awards. With Jerry Pournelle he wrote The Mote in God's Eye (1974) and Lucifer's Hammer (1977). The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America gave him the 2015 Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award.

His work is primarily hard science fiction, using big science concepts and theoretical physics. It also often includes elements of detective fiction and adventure stories. His fantasy includes the series The Magic Goes Away, works of rational fantasy dealing with magic as a non-renewable resource.

Theodore Sturgeon
Theodore Sturgeon (/ˈstɜːrdʒən/; born Edward Hamilton Waldo, February 26, 1918 – May 8, 1985) was an American author of primarily fantasy, science fiction, and horror, as well as a critic. He wrote approximately 400 reviews and more than 120 short stories, 11 novels, and several scripts for Star Trek: The Original Series.

Sturgeon's science fiction novel More Than Human (1953) won the 1954 International Fantasy Award (for SF and fantasy) as the year's best novel, and the Science Fiction Writers of America ranked "Baby Is Three" number five among the "Greatest Science Fiction Novellas of All Time" to 1964. Ranked by votes for all of their pre-1965 novellas, Sturgeon was second among authors, behind Robert Heinlein.

The Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame inducted Sturgeon in 2000, its fifth class of two dead and two living writers.
Slavery in Oman
Legal chattel slavery existed in the area which was later to become Oman from antiquity until the 1970s. Oman was united with Zanzibar from the 1690s until 1856, and was a significant center of the Indian Ocean slave trade from Zanzibar in East Africa to the Arabian Peninsula and Iran, a central hub of the regional slave trade, which constituted a large part of its economy.

Slavery was finally abolished by Sultan Qaboos bin Said after he deposed his father Sultan Said bin Taimur in the 1970 Omani coup d'état, on 23 July 1970. Many members of the Afro-Omani minority are descendants of the former slaves. When chattel slavery was abolished, it was replaced by the Kafala system, which has been described as a modern form of slavery.

Red Sea slave trade
The Red Sea slave trade,  sometimes known as the Islamic slave trade, Arab slave trade, or Oriental slave trade, was a slave trade across the Red Sea trafficking Africans from Sub-Saharan Africa in the African continent to slavery in the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East from antiquity until the mid-20th century.

The Red Sea slave trade is known as one of the longest enduring slave trades in the world, as it is known to have existed from Ancient times until the 1960s, when slavery in Saudi Arabia and Yemen were finally abolished. When other slave trade routes were stopped, the Red Sea slave trade became internationally known as a slave trade center during the interwar period. After World War II, growing international pressure eventually resulted in its final official stop in the mid 20th-century.

The Red Sea, the Sahara, and the Indian Ocean were the three main routes by which East African slaves were transported to the Muslim world.
Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Matveevich Pozdneev (Russian: Никола́й Матве́евич Поздне́ев; 28 September 1930 – 10 June 1978) was a Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, representative of the Leningrad School of Painting, most known for his genre and still life paintings.

Vsevolod Bazhenov
Vsevolod Andreevich Bazhenov (Russian: Все́волод Андре́евич Баже́нов; February 18, 1909 – August 2, 1986) was a Soviet, Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as a known representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his landscape paintings.
Davis Love III
Davis Milton Love III (born April 13, 1964) is an American professional golfer who has won 21 events on the PGA Tour, including one major championship: the 1997 PGA Championship. He won the Players Championship in 1992 and 2003. He was in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking for over 450 weeks, reaching a high ranking of 2nd.  He captained the U.S. Ryder Cup teams in 2012 and 2016. Love was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2017.

Chip Beck
Charles Henry "Chip" Beck (born September 12, 1956) is an American professional golfer. He has four victories on the PGA Tour and twenty runner-up finishes. He spent 40 weeks in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Rankings between 1988 and 1989 and was the second player to shoot a 59 on the PGA Tour.
England Lions cricket team
The England Lions (formerly England A) cricket team is England and Wales' "second-tier" team, below the full England cricket team. It is largely intended as a way for promising young cricketers to gain experience in international cricket.

England under-19 cricket team
The England Under-19 cricket team represents England and Wales in international cricket,  have been playing official Under-19 Test matches since 1974. Prior to 1991/92 they were known as England Young Cricketers.

Former captains include Mike Atherton, Michael Vaughan, Alastair Cook and Andrew Flintoff, who have all gone on to captain the senior national team in Test matches after playing for this team.
Temple of Confucius
A temple of Confucius or Confucian temple is a temple for the veneration of Confucius and the sages and philosophers of Confucianism in Chinese folk religion and other East Asian religions. They were formerly the site of the administration of the imperial examination in China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam and often housed schools and other studying facilities.

Twelve Philosophers
The Twelve Philosophers or Wise Ones (Chinese: 十二哲, Shí'èr Zhé) are 12 eminent philosophers in the Chinese Confucian tradition. They are traditionally accounted a kind of sainthood and their spirit tablets are prominently placed in Confucian temples, six upon the east and six upon the west side of the Hall of the Great Completion (Dacheng Dian).

Twelve Philosophers are Min Sun (Ziqian), Ran Yong (Zhonggong), Duanmu Ci (Zigong), Zhong You (Zilu), Bu Shang (Zixia), You Ruo (Ziruo), Zai Yu (Ziwo), Ran Geng (Boniu), Ran Qiu (Ziyou), Yan Yan (Ziyou), Zhuansun Shi (Zizhang) – all disciples of Confucius – and Zhu Xi, who established Neo-Confucianism during the Song dynasty.

Sacrifices to the philosophers were first offered in the 6th year of the Kaiyuan era of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty, AD 720.
Blue Note Records
Blue Note Records is an American jazz record label now owned by Universal Music Group and operated under Capitol Music Group. Established in 1939 by German-Jewish emigrants Alfred Lion and Max Margulis, it derived its name from the blue notes of jazz and the blues. Originally dedicated to recording traditional jazz and small group swing, the label began to switch its attention to modern jazz around 1947. From there, Blue Note grew to become one of the most prolific, influential and respected jazz labels of the mid-20th century, noted for its role in facilitating the development of hard bop, post-bop and avant-garde jazz, as well as for its iconic modernist art direction.

Charles Lloyd (jazz musician)
Charles Lloyd (born March 15, 1938) is an American jazz musician and composer. He primarily plays tenor saxophone and flute and occasionally other reed instruments, including alto saxophone and the Hungarian tárogató. Lloyd's primary band since 2007 has been a quartet including pianist Jason Moran, acoustic bassist Reuben Rogers, and drummer Eric Harland.