hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Macedonia (region)
Macedonia (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/ ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time; however, it came to be defined as the modern geographical region by the mid-19th century. Today the region is considered to include parts of six Balkan countries: all of North Macedonia, large parts of Greece and Bulgaria, and smaller parts of Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo. Greek Macedonia comprises about half of Macedonia's area and population.

Its oldest known settlements date back approximately to 7,000 BC. From the middle of the 4th century BC, the Kingdom of Macedon became the dominant power on the Balkan Peninsula; since then Macedonia has had a diverse history.

Sclaveni
The Sclaveni (in Latin) or Sklabenoi (various forms in Greek) were early Slavic tribes that raided, invaded and settled in the Balkans in the Early Middle Ages and eventually became one of the progenitors of modern South Slavs. They were mentioned by early Byzantine chroniclers as barbarians having appeared at the Byzantine borders along with the Antes (East Slavs), another Slavic group. The Sclaveni were differentiated from the Antes and Wends (West Slavs); however, they were described as kin. Eventually, most South Slavic tribes accepted Byzantine or Frankish suzerainty, and came under their cultural influences and Chalcedonian Christianity. The term was widely used as a general catch-all term until the emergence of separate tribal names by the 10th century.
Substrate (biology)
In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae. Inert substrates are used as growing support materials in the hydroponic cultivation of plants. In biology substrates are often activated by the nanoscopic process of substrate presentation.

Resupination
Resupination is derived from the Latin word resupinus, meaning "bent back
with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward".

The word "resupinate" is generally only used in a botanical context – in everyday language, "supine" has a similar meaning. In botany, resupination refers to the "twisting"  of flowers or leaves through about 180° as they open. Resupinate leaves have the petiole or "stalk" twisted - resupinate flowers twist as they open.
Professional wrestling match types
Many types of wrestling matches, sometimes called "gimmick matches" in the jargon of the business, are performed in professional wrestling. Some gimmick matches are more common than others and are often used to advance or conclude a storyline. Throughout professional wrestling's decades-long history, some gimmick matches have spawned many variations of the core concept.

The Night the Line Was Crossed
The Night the Line Was Crossed was a professional wrestling live event produced by Eastern Championship Wrestling (ECW) on February 5, 1994. The event was held in the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States.

Excerpts from The Night the Line Was Crossed (including the unabridged main event) aired on the syndicated television show ECW Hardcore TV, while the full event was released on VHS in 1994. It was made available for streaming on the WWE Network in 2020. The main event and the bout between Jimmy Snuka and Tommy Dreamer were both included on the compilation DVD ECW: Unreleased Vol. 1 released by WWE in 2012.
Dane Cameron
Dane Richard Cameron (born October 18, 1988) is an American racing driver from Glen Ellen, California. He won the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship overall in 2016, 2019 and 2024. Additionally, he also won the GTD and LMP2 class championships in 2014 and 2025, respectively.

Matt McMurry
Matthew Merrill McMurry (born November 24, 1997) is an American racing driver.

In 2014, McMurry became the first junior development driver for Dyson Racing and a few months later at the age of 16 years and 202 days old became the youngest driver to participate in and finish the 24 Hours of Le Mans. He is a second generation driver and son of Chris McMurry, LMP2 class winner of the 12 Hours of Sebring in 2005. He is an alumnus of The Henry Samueli School of Engineering at University of California, Irvine.
Land earth station
A land earth station (also: land earth radio station) is – according to Article 1.70 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "An earth station in the fixed-satellite service or, in some cases, in the mobile-satellite service, located at a specified fixed point or within a specified area on land to provide a feeder link for the mobile-satellite service."  Each station shall be classified by the service in which it operates permanently or temporarily.

Land mobile earth station
Land mobile earth station (also: land mobile earth radio station) is – according to Article 1.74 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "A mobile earth station in the land mobile-satellite service capable of surface movement within the geographical limits of a country or continent."

See also

Main articles: Radio station and Radiocommunication service
Kuwait national football team
The Kuwait national football team (Arabic: منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم, romanized: muntakhab alkuayt likurat alqadam) represents Kuwait in international football and it is controlled by the Kuwait Football Association. Kuwait made its only FIFA World Cup appearance in 1982 and managed to get one draw in the group stage against Czechoslovakia. In the AFC Asian Cup, Kuwait reached the final in 1976 and won the tournament four years later in 1980.

The Kuwait national football team has faced multiple suspensions by FIFA due to governmental interference and failure to comply with regulations, notably in 2007, 2008, and 2015. These suspensions, which were later lifted after legal reforms, caused the team to miss major tournaments, including the 2018 FIFA World Cup and 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualifiers, and led to a significant drop in the country's FIFA World Rankings. In 2017, following the lifting of its suspension, Kuwait hosted the Gulf Cup.

Kuwait Premier League
The Kuwaiti Premier League (Arabic: الدوري الكويتي, romanized: Dawriyy al-Kuwaytī), known as Zain Premier League due to sponsorship reasons, is the top division of the Kuwait football pyramid system. Formed in 1961, Kuwait SC holds the best record in the competition, having won 20 times.
Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)
Hawaii Five-O is an American police procedural drama series produced by CBS Productions and created by Leonard Freeman. Set in Hawaii, the show aired for 12 seasons on CBS from September 20, 1968, to April 5, 1980. The show starred Jack Lord as Detective Captain Stephen "Steve" McGarrett, the head of a fictional state police task force in Hawaii. The theme music composed by Morton Stevens became especially popular. Many episodes in the series would end with McGarrett's catchphrase, "Book 'em, Danno!"

At the airing of its finale, it was the longest-running police drama in American television history, and the last scripted primetime show that debuted in the 1960s to leave the air.

Eight Is Enough
Eight Is Enough is an American comedy-drama/sitcom television series that aired on ABC from March 15, 1977, to May 23, 1981. The show was modeled on the life of syndicated newspaper columnist Tom Braden (Tom Bradford on the show), a real-life parent with eight children, who wrote a book by the same title.
Cradley Heathens
Cradley Heathens were a motorcycle speedway team from Dudley, England. The team was founded in 1947 and competed primarily at the top level of British speedway at Dudley Wood Stadium until its closure in 1995. The team was revived as Dudley Heathens in 2010, competing in the National League, reverting to the Cradley Heathens name in 2013 but ceased operating after the 2019 season.

Leicester Lions
Leicester Lions are a speedway team which originally operated from 1968 until 1983 and again from 2011. The team race at the Beaumont Park Stadium (or Hydroscand Arena for sponsorship purposes). Since 2019, the club have also ran a junior side known as the Lion Cubs.
Alnwick Castle
Alnwick Castle (/ˈænɪk/ ⓘ) is a castle and country house in Alnwick in the English county of Northumberland. It is the seat of the 12th Duke of Northumberland, built following the Norman Conquest and renovated and remodelled several times. It is a Grade I listed building now the home of Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland and his family. In 2016, the castle received over 600,000 visitors per year when combined with adjacent attraction the Alnwick Garden.

Prudhoe Castle
Prudhoe Castle /ˈprʌdə/ is a ruined medieval English castle situated on the south bank of the River Tyne at Prudhoe, Northumberland, England. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade I listed building.
Douai
Douai (UK: /ˈduːeɪ/ DOO-ay, US: /duˈeɪ/ doo-AY, French: [dwɛ] ⓘ; Picard: Doï; Dutch: Dowaai; formerly spelled Douay or Doway in English) is a city in the Nord département in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. Located on the river Scarpe some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Lille and 25 km (16 mi) from Arras, Douai is home to one of the region's most impressive belfries.

Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿omɛʁ] ⓘ; West Flemish: Sint-Omaars; Picard: Saint-Onmé) is a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in France.

It is 68 km (42 mi) west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais, and is located in the Artois province. The town is named after Saint Audomar, who brought Christianity to the area.

The canalised section of the river Aa begins at Saint-Omer, reaching the North Sea at Gravelines in northern France. Below its walls, the Aa connects with the Neufossé Canal, which ends at the river Lys.
Kostroma
Kostroma (Russian: Кострома́, IPA: [kəstrɐˈma]) is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. A part of the Golden Ring of Russian cities, it is located at the confluence of the rivers Volga and Kostroma. In the 2021 census, the population is 267,481.

Dmitrov
Dmitrov (Russian: Дми́тров, romanized: ˈdmʲitrəf, lit. 'Dmitri's') is a town and the administrative center of Dmitrovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 65 kilometers (40 mi) to the north of Moscow on the Yakhroma River and the Moscow Canal. Population: 65,574 (2021 census); 61,305 (2010 census); 62,219 (2002 census); 65,237 (1989 Soviet census).
Skra Bełchatów
Skra Bełchatów, competing for sponsorship reasons as PGE GiEK Skra Bełchatów and officially called KPS Skra Bełchatów SA, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Bełchatów in central Poland, founded in 1957. They compete in the Polish PlusLiga. Skra Bełchatów is the most successful PlusLiga club based on the total number of league titles (nine).

2015–16 PlusLiga
The 2015–16 PlusLiga was the 80th season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 16th season as a professional league organized by the Professional Volleyball League SA (Polish: Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej SA) under the supervision of the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej).

ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle won their 6th title of the Polish Champions, the first title since 2003.
Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights provides a right to respect for one's "private and family life, his home and his correspondence", subject to certain restrictions that are "in accordance with law" and "necessary in a democratic society". The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe.

Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights contains a prohibition on discrimination, specifically in the enjoyment of other rights set forth in the Convention. The Article states the following:

The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in [the] Convention shall be secured without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status.
Davey Hamilton
David Jay Hamilton (born June 13, 1962, in Nampa, Idaho) is a race car driver who competed in the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series and Stadium Super Trucks. He has made 56 series starts and while never winning a race, finished second three times. He placed second in series points in the 1996–1997 season and again in 1998 season.

Hamilton had been proficient in supermodified racing, as a frequent winner in various supermodified races, usually held in the northern areas of the United States.

Mike Groff
Michael Dennis Groff (born November 16, 1961, in Van Nuys, California) is a former race car driver who competed in CART and the IRL IndyCar Series and was the 1989 Indy Lights champion. His younger brother Robbie was also a CART and IRL driver from 1994 to 1998.
M3 highway (Russia)
The Russian route M3 (also known as the Ukraine Highway) is a major trunk road that runs across a distance of about 490 kilometres from Moscow to Russia's border with Ukraine.

The highway starts at the crossing of Leninsky Prospekt and Moscow Ring Road as Kiyevskoye Highway, passes south of Solntsevo and Vnukovo, then continues westward through Kaluga, Bryansk and Sevsk to the Ukrainian border. After crossing the border, the road continues as the Ukrainian M02 route to Kyiv.

The M3 is covered by the European Road E101 (Moscow-Bryansk-Hlukhiv-Kipti), also the short section, near Russo-Ukrainian border in Kalinovka is a part of E391. However, during December 29, 2012, a Red Wings TU-204 overran Vnukovo's runway and crashed into the M3 Highway.

Belyayevo, Kursk Oblast
Belyayevo (Russian: Беляево) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Belyayevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  306 (2010 Census); 469 (2002 Census);
Luigi Cherubini
Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini (/ˌkɛrʊˈbiːni/ KERR-uu-BEE-nee; Italian: [luˈiːdʒi keruˈbiːni]; 8 or 14 September 1760 – 15 March 1842) was an Italian Classical and Romantic composer. His most significant compositions are operas and sacred music. Beethoven regarded Cherubini as the greatest living composer of his era. Cherubini's operas were heavily praised and interpreted by Rossini.

Opéra comique
Opéra comique (French: [ɔpeʁa kɔmik]; plural: opéras comiques) is a genre of French opera that contains spoken dialogue and arias. It emerged from the popular opéras comiques en vaudevilles of the Fair Theatres of St Germain and St Laurent (and to a lesser extent the Comédie-Italienne), which combined existing popular tunes with spoken sections. Associated with the Paris theatre of the same name, opéra comique is not necessarily comical or shallow; Carmen, perhaps the most famous opéra comique, is a tragedy.
Hirwaun
Hirwaun (/ˈhɪərwaɪn/, locally /ˈhɜːrwɪn/; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈhɪrwai̯n] ⓘ) is a village and community at the north end of the Cynon Valley in the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales. It is 4 miles (6 km) NW of the town of Aberdare, and comes under the Aberdare post town. At the United Kingdom Census 2021 census, Hirwaun had a population of 5237;. The village is on the Heads of the Valleys Road and at the southern edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park.

Treherbert
Treherbert (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village and community situated at the head of the Rhondda Fawr valley in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. Historically part of Glamorgan. Treherbert is the upper most community of the Rhondda Fawr and encompasses the districts of Blaencwm, Blaenrhondda, Tynewydd and Pen-yr-englyn.
Port of London Authority
The Port of London Authority (PLA) is a self-funding public trust established on 31 March 1909 in accordance with the Port of London Act 1908 to govern the Port of London. Its responsibility extends over the Tideway of the River Thames and its continuation (the Kent/Essex strait). It maintains and supervises navigation, and protects the river's environment.

West India Docks
The West India Docks are a series of three docks, quaysides, and warehouses built to import goods from, and export goods and occasionally passengers to the British West Indies. Located on the Isle of Dogs in London, the first dock opened in 1802. Following their commercial closure in 1980, the Canary Wharf development was built around the wet docks by narrowing some of their broadest tracts.
Nu (cuneiform)
Cuneiform sign nu is a common use syllabic, or alphabetic (for n or u). It is restricted to "nu", but in the Epic of Gilgamesh, or elsewhere has a Sumerogram (capital letter, majuscule) use NU, and probably mostly for a component in personal names (PN), god's names, or specialized names for specific items that use Sumerograms.

It is also a common use syllabic/alphabetic sign in the mid 14th-century BC Amarna letters. Since the letters often discuss 'present conditions' in regions, or in cities of the vassal Canaanite region, a segue adverb meaning "now", or now, at this time..., Akkadian language "enūma" is often used, and almost exclusively using nu.

The usage numbers for nu in the Epic of Gilgamesh are as follows: nu-(317), NU-(2).

LÚ
The cuneiform sign LÚ (𒇽) is the sign used for "man"; its complement is the symbol for woman: šal (𒊩). Cuneiform LÚ, (or lú as rendered in some texts) is found as a Sumerogram in the Epic of Gilgamesh. It also has a common usage in the 1350 BC Amarna letters as the Sumerogram for "man".

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, LÚ is only used as the Sumerogram, LÚ-(58 times).

Both lú, for "man", and šal for "woman" are also considered as determinatives. In the Amarna letters' Rainey's glossary (Rainey 1970) which is the glossary for Akkadian language words, Sumerograms, etc., for Amarna letters EA 359–379, uses for both LÚ and lú are recorded. For the Amarna letters in Rainey's glossary, "LÚ" as the Sumerogram becomes Akkadian amēlu, for "man".
International Olympiad in Informatics
The International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) is an annual competitive programming competition and one of the International Science Olympiads for secondary school students. The first IOI was held in 1989 in Pravetz, Bulgaria.

Each country sends a team of up to four students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and guests. Students in each country are selected for their country's team through national computing contests. Students at the IOI compete on an individual basis. There is no official team ranking.

The contest consists of two days of solving six complicated algorithmic tasks by writing computer programs in C++. All task materials are published on each year's contest website soon after the competition ends.

International Chemistry Olympiad
The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is an annual academic competition for high school students. It is one of the International Science Olympiads. The first IChO was held in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1968. The event has been held every year since then, with the exception of 1971. The delegations that attended the first events were mostly countries of the former Eastern bloc and it was not until 1980, the 12th annual International Chemistry Olympiad, that the event was held outside of the bloc in Austria.

Up to 4 students for each national team compete around July in both a theoretical and an experimental sections, with about half of the participants being awarded medals.
Dichapetalaceae
Dichapetalaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 3 genera and about 170 species. Members of this family are trees, shrubs or lianas found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

The species Dichapetalum cymosum of Southern Africa is highly poisonous because of fluoroacetate.

Quiinaceae
Quiinaceae Engl. is a neotropical family of flowering plants in the Malpighiales, consisting of about 50 species in 4 genera (Froesia, Lacunaria, Quiina, Touroulia). The APG III system of flowering plant classification does not recognize such a family, instead including these genera in the Ochnaceae family.
Segunda División
The Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Segunda División, commonly known as Segunda División or La Liga 2, and officially known as LaLiga HyperMotion for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Spanish football league system. Administered by Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, it is contested by 22 teams, with the top two teams plus the winner of a play-off promoted to La Liga and replaced by the three lowest-placed teams in that division.

2006–07 Segunda División B
The Segunda División B 2006–07 season was the 30th since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 27 August 2006, and the season ended on 24 June 2007 with the promotion play-off finals.
Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea
Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea (born Solomon Katz; 21 May 1855 – 7 May 1920) was a  Romanian Marxist theorist, politician, sociologist, literary critic, and journalist. He was also an entrepreneur in the city of Ploiești. Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea was the father of communist activist Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea and of philosopher Ionel Gherea.

Constantin Mille
Constantin Mille (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin ˈmile]; December 21, 1861 – February 20, 1927) was a Romanian journalist, novelist, poet, lawyer, and socialist militant, as well as a prominent human rights activist. A Marxist for much of his life, Mille was noted for his vocal support of peasant emancipation, for his early involvement with the Romanian Social Democratic Workers' Party (PSDMR), and his presence at the head of several magazines, culminating in his association with the moderate left-wing newspapers Adevărul and Dimineața. After serving as an independent member of the Chamber of Deputies for one mandate (1899–1903), he aligned his views with those of Take Ionescu, and became a supporter of Romania's entry into World War I alongside the Entente Powers. In addition to his political career, Mille was the author of two autobiographical novels (Dinu Millian, 1884, and O viață, 1914).
Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.

Chuuk State
Chuuk State (/ˈtʃuːk/; also known as Truk) is one of the four states of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). It consists of several island groups: Nomoneas, Faichuuk, the Hall Islands, Namonuito Atoll (Magur Islands), Pattiw (Western Islands), and the Mortlock Islands. Chuuk is by far the FSM's most populous state, with 50,000 inhabitants on 120 square kilometers (46 square miles). Chuuk Lagoon is where most people live. Weno island, in the lagoon, is Chuuk's state capital and the country's biggest city. It may hold a referendum on independence in the near future, although this referendum has been repeatedly postponed.