hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Camberwell
Camberwell (/ˈkæmbərwɛl/ KAM-bər-wel) is an area of South London, England, in the London Borough of Southwark, 2+3⁄4 miles (4.5 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross.

Camberwell was first a village associated with the church of St Giles and a common of which Goose Green is a remnant. This early parish included the neighbouring hamlets of Peckham, Dulwich, Nunhead, and part of Herne Hill (the rest of Herne Hill was in the parish of Lambeth). Until 1889, it was part of the county of Surrey. In 1900 the original parish became the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell.

In 1965, most of the Borough of Camberwell was merged into the London Borough of Southwark. To the west, part of both West Dulwich and Herne Hill come under the London Borough of Lambeth.

The place now known as Camberwell covers a much smaller area than the ancient parish, and it is bound on the north by Walworth; on the south by East Dulwich and Herne Hill; to the west by Kennington; and on the east by Peckham.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Portland Japanese Garden
Portland Japanese Garden is a 501c3 nonprofit organization, cultural institution, and public attraction in Portland, Oregon. The Garden, which opened to the public in 1967, occupies 12.5 acres (5.1 ha) in Portland's Washington Park and is adjacent to the International Rose Test Garden. Originally designed by Professor Takuma Tono of Tokyo Agricultural University, it features five historic garden spaces that demonstrate different styles of Japanese landscape architecture, a Pavilion that stages art exhibitions and shopping marketplaces, a Japanese tea house, a "Cultural Village" that hosts programming, dining, and retail, and an Entry Garden that guests walk through after purchasing admission. A tourist attraction that welcomes more than 400,000 visitors annually, Portland Japanese Garden has been proclaimed as the "most beautiful and authentic Japanese garden outside of Japan."

Hoyt Arboretum
Hoyt Arboretum is a public park in Portland, Oregon, which is part of the complex of parks collectively known as Washington Park. The 153-acre (62 ha) arboretum is located atop a ridge in the Tualatin Mountains two miles (3.2 km) west of downtown Portland. Hoyt has 12 miles of hiking trails, two miles of accessible paved trails, and is open free to the public all year. About 350,000 visitors per year visit the arboretum.
ACF Gloria Bistrița
Asociația Club de Fotbal Gloria Bistrița (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈɡlori.a ˈbistritsa]), commonly known as Gloria Bistrița, or simply as Gloria, was a Romanian professional football club based in Bistrița, Bistrița-Năsăud County founded on 6 July 1922 and dissolved in 2015.

FC Bihor Oradea (1958)
Fotbal Club Bihor Oradea (Romanian pronunciation: [biˈhor oˈrade̯a]), commonly known as Bihor Oradea or simply as FC Bihor, was a Romanian professional football club based in Oradea, Bihor County.

It was founded under the name of Crișul Oradea in April 1958 and from 1963 it continued the football tradition of the city, following the dissolution of Club Atletic Oradea. In the 57 seasons spent in the Romanian football league system, FC Bihor played 18 seasons in the first division, 39 seasons in the second league and only 5 seasons in the lower leagues, respectively 4 in the Liga III and only one season, its first, in the fourth tier. This ranks the club on the 24th place out of 98 in the Liga I all-time table. In January 2016, FC Bihor was dissolved after having faced significant financial issues.

The home ground of "the Red and Blues" was Stadionul Iuliu Bodola, which has a seating capacity of 11,155.
Slovak language
Slovak (/ˈsloʊvæk, -vɑːk/ SLOH-va(h)k; endonym: slovenčina [ˈslɔʋent͡ʂina] or slovenský jazyk [ˈslɔʋenskiː ˈjazik] ⓘ), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, written in Latin script. It is part of the Indo-European language family, and is one of the Slavic languages, which are part of the larger Balto-Slavic branch. Spoken by approximately five million people as a native language, primarily ethnic Slovaks, it serves as the official language of Slovakia and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union.

Slovak is closely related to Czech, to the point of very high mutual intelligibility, as well as to Polish. Like other Slavic languages, Slovak is a fusional language with a complex system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Its vocabulary has been extensively influenced by Latin and German, as well as other Slavic languages.

Zvolen
Zvolen (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈzʋɔlen] ⓘ; Hungarian: Zólyom; German: Altsohl) is a city in central Slovakia, situated on the confluence of Hron and Slatina rivers. It is famous for several historical and cultural attractions. It is surrounded by Poľana mountain from the East, by Kremnické vrchy from the West, and by Javorie and Štiavnické vrchy from the South.

The population numbers approximately 40,000, which makes it the twelfth-largest city in Slovakia by population, thirteenth by size. It is the center of the Podpoľanie historical region and the seat of a county (Zvolen District). It is also an important transportation hub in Slovakia, being one of the four central train stations in Slovakia (others are Bratislava, Košice, and Žilina).
Secretary of State for Wales
The secretary of state for Wales (Welsh: ysgrifennydd gwladol Cymru), also referred to as the Welsh secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Wales Office. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The officeholder works alongside the other Wales Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for Wales. The position is currently held by Jo Stevens having been appointed by Keir Starmer in July 2024.

Peter Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester
Peter Edward Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester, MBE, PC (25 March 1932 – 23 June 2010) was a British Conservative politician who served in Cabinet under Edward Heath and Margaret Thatcher. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Worcester from 1961 to 1992 and was made a life peer in 1992.

Walker became the youngest National Chairman of the Young Conservatives in 1958. He was a founder of the Tory Reform Group, and served as Chairman of the Carlton Club.
Intuitionism
In the philosophy of mathematics, intuitionism, or neointuitionism (opposed to preintuitionism), is an approach where mathematics is considered to be purely the result of the constructive mental activity of humans rather than the discovery of fundamental principles claimed to exist in an objective reality. That is, logic and mathematics are not considered analytic activities wherein deep properties of objective reality are revealed and applied, but are instead considered the application of internally consistent methods used to realize more complex mental constructs, regardless of their possible independent existence in an objective reality.

Logicism
In philosophy of mathematics, logicism is a school of thought comprising one or more of the theses that – for some coherent meaning of 'logic' – mathematics is an extension of logic, some or all of mathematics is reducible to logic, or some or all of mathematics may be modelled in logic. Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead championed this programme, initiated by Gottlob Frege and subsequently developed by Richard Dedekind and Giuseppe Peano.
Hellen
In Greek mythology, Hellen (/ˈhɛlɪn/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ἕλλην, romanized: Héllēn) is the eponymous progenitor of the Hellenes. He is the son of Deucalion (or Zeus) and Pyrrha, and the father of three sons, Dorus, Xuthus, and Aeolus, by whom he is the ancestor of the Greek peoples.

Graecus
In Greek mythology, Graecus (/ˈɡriːkəs/; Ancient Greek: Γραικός, romanized: Graikos) was the son of Zeus and Pandora, daughter of Deucalion, and the eponym of the Graecians.

According to the Byzantine author John the Lydian (c. AD 490 – 565), Hesiod, in his Catalogue of Women, states that Graecus is the son of Zeus and Pandora, daughter of Deucalion and Pyrrha, and says, in addition, that he has a brother, Latinus. The Byzantine author Stephanus of Byzantium (fl. 6th century AD) states that Graecus was a son of Thessalus.

Graecus was the eponym of the Graecians, a group of Hellenic people who lived westwards of the Hellenes mentioned by Homer. The Hellenic peoples collectively came to be known as Graeci in Latin, after the Graecians.
CA Bordj Bou Arréridj
Chabab Ahly Bordj Bou Arréridj (Arabic: شباب أهلي برج بوعريريج), known as CA Bord Bou Arréridj or simply CABBA for short, is an Algerian football club based in Bordj Bou Arreridj. The club was founded in 1931  and its colours are yellow and black. Their home stadium, 20 August 1955 Stadium, has a capacity of 15,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Ligue Régional I.

MO Béjaïa
Mouloudia Olympique de Béjaïa (Arabic: مولودية بجاية; Kabyle: Muludya Ulampik n Vgayet; Tamazight: ⵎⵓⵍⵓⴷⵢⴰ ⵓⵍⴰⵎⴱⵉⴽ ⵏ ⴱⴳⴰⵢⴻⵜ), referred to commonly as MO Béjaïa or MOB for short, is a professional Algerian football club based in Béjaïa, Kabylia, Algeria. The club was founded in 1954 and its colours are green and black. Their home stadium, Maghrebi Unity Stadium, has a capacity of 17,500 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue 2.
Filipe de Brito e Nicote
Filipe de Brito e Nicote or Nga Zinga (Burmese: ငဇင်ကာ, pronounced [ŋə zɪ̀ɰ̃kà], also spelled as "Nga Anggaa" in Arakanese; c. 1566 – April 1613), also called Zwing Gaa Bu (ဇွင်ဂါဘူ), was a Portuguese adventurer and mercenary in the service of the Arakanese kingdom of Mrauk U, and later of the Siamese Kingdom of Ayutthaya.: 185–187   His name is also recorded with the French spelling Philippe de Brito.: 36

Min Razagyi
Min Razagyi (Arakanese and Burmese: မင်းရာဇာကြီး, Arakanese pronunciation: [máɴ ɹàzà ɡɹí], Burmese pronunciation: [mɪ́ɴ jàzà dʑí]; c. 1557–1612; also spelled as Mang Raza Gree), was king of Arakan from 1593 to 1612. His early reign marked the continued ascent of the coastal kingdom, which reached full flight in 1599 by defeating its nemesis Toungoo dynasty, and temporarily controlling the Bay of Bengal coastline from the Sundarbans to the Gulf of Martaban until 1603. But the second half of his reign saw the limits of his power: he lost the Lower Burmese coastline in 1603 and a large part of Bengal coastline in 1609 due to insurrections by Portuguese mercenaries. He died in 1612 while struggling to deal with Portuguese raids on the Arakan coast itself.
Sweden men's national football team
The Sweden men's national football team (Swedish: Sveriges herrlandslag i fotboll) represents Sweden in men's international football and it is controlled by the Swedish Football Association, the governing body of football in Sweden. Sweden's home ground is Nationalarenan in Solna. From 1945 to the late 1950s, they were considered one of the greatest teams in Europe.

Sweden has made twelve appearances at the World Cup with their first coming in 1934. They have also made seven appearances at the European Championship. Sweden finished second at the 1958 FIFA World Cup, which they hosted, and third in both 1950 and 1994. Sweden's other accomplishments also include a gold medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics, and bronze medals in 1924 and 1952. They also reached the semi-finals at UEFA Euro 1992, while hosting the tournament.

Senegal national football team
The Senegal national football team (French: Équipe de football du Senegal), nicknamed Les Lions de la Teranga (meaning: The Lions of Teranga), represents Senegal in men's international association football and is operated by the Senegalese Football Federation.

One of Africa's most famous national football teams, Senegal reached the quarter-finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, the second team from Africa to do so (after Cameroon in 1990). They managed to upset defending world champions France, finish second in their group, and beat Sweden in extra time in the round of 16, before losing to Turkey in the quarter-finals.

Senegal won two Africa Cup of Nations titles, in 2021 and 2025. Their first appearance in the competition was in 1965, when they lost 1–0 to Ivory Coast for fourth place. They hosted the 1992 African Cup of Nations, where they made it to the quarter-finals, and finished as runners-up in both 2002 and 2019.
Cesare Beccaria
Cesare Bonesana di Beccaria, Marquis of Gualdrasco and Villareggio (Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare bekkaˈriːa, ˈtʃɛː-]; 15 March 1738 – 28 November 1794) was an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, economist, and politician who is widely considered one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment. He is well remembered for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work in the field of penology and the classical school of criminology. Beccaria is considered the father of modern criminal law and the father of criminal justice.

According to John Bessler, Beccaria's works had a profound influence on the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Ferdinando Galiani
Ferdinando Galiani (2 December 1728, Chieti, Kingdom of Naples – 30 October 1787, Naples, Kingdom of Naples), known in French contexts as Abbé Galiani,: 38  was an Italian economist, a leading Italian figure of the Enlightenment. Friedrich Nietzsche referred to him as "a most fastidious and refined intelligence"  and "the most profound, discerning, and perhaps also the filthiest man of his century."
Nikolai Baskakov (painter)
Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Баска́ков; May 8, 1918 – October 14, 1993) was a Soviet painter, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), who lived and worked in Leningrad,  regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.

Tatiana Gorb
Tatiana Vladimirovna Gorb (Russian: Татья́на Влади́мировна Го́рб; 27 April 1935 – 2013) was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, art teacher and illustrator, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (formerly Leningrad). Gorb was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992, Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation) and is regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting. She is most famous for her portraits.
Moldavia
Moldavia (Romanian: Moldova, pronounced [molˈdova] ⓘ or Țara Moldovei lit. 'The land of Moldova'; in Romanian Cyrillic: Мѡлдѡва or Цара Мѡлдовєй) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state under Ottoman overlordship, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa. It also included the region of Pokuttya for a period of time.

The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.

Galați
Galați (UK: /ɡæˈlæts/ gal-ATS, US: /ɡɑːˈlɑːts(i)/ gah-LAHTS(-ee), Romanian: [ɡaˈlatsʲ] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is the capital city of Galați County in the historical region of Western Moldavia, in eastern Romania. Galați is a port town on the river Danube. and the sixth-largest of all cities on the river Danube. According to the 2021 census it is the 8th most populous city in Romania. Galați is an economic centre based around the port of Galați, the naval shipyard, and the largest steel factory in Romania, Galați steel works.
Central Bureau of Investigation
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is the domestic crime investigating agency of India. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. Originally set up to investigate bribery and governmental corruption, in 1965 it received expanded jurisdiction to investigate breaches of central laws enforceable by the Government of India, multi-state organised crime, multi-agency or international cases. CBI is exempted from the provisions of the Right to Information Act. CBI is India's officially designated single point of contact to act as the liaison with Interpol. The CBI headquarter is  located in CGO Complex, near Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi.

Intelligence Bureau (India)
The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is India's internal security and counterintelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It was founded in 1887 as the Central Special Branch. The IB is often regarded as the oldest extant intelligence organisation in the world.

Until 1968, it handled both domestic and foreign intelligence after which the Research and Analysis Wing was formed specifically for foreign intelligence; following that, the IB was primarily assigned the role of domestic intelligence and internal security. Tapan Deka is the current director of the IB, since June 2022.
Gulf County, Florida
Gulf County is a county located in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,192. Its county seat is Port St. Joe. Gulf County is included in the Panama City, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Suwannee County, Florida
Suwannee County is a county located in the north central portion of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,474, up from 41,551 in 2010. Its county seat is Live Oak. Suwannee County was a dry county until August 2011, when the sale of alcoholic beverages became legal in the county.
New York Dragons
The New York Dragons were a professional arena football team based in the New York metropolitan area. The Dragons participated in the Arena Football League's (AFL) National Conference as a member of the Eastern Division. The team was founded in 1995 as the original iteration of the Iowa Barnstormers, and relocated to New York in 2001. They played in New York until 2008, when the league folded.  They played in the Eastern Division of the National Conference, and played their home games at Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York. Their last coach was Weylan Harding.

Dallas Desperados
The Dallas Desperados were a professional arena football team based in Dallas, Texas. They played in the Eastern Division of the Arena Football League from 2002 to 2008.

The franchise began as an expansion team and posted a winning record in all but one season. It was owned by Jerry Jones, who also owns the Dallas Cowboys. His son-in-law Shy Anderson was the chief operating officer and oversaw the day-to-day operations.

The team folded effective August 4, 2009, upon the dissolution of the original AFL. Unlike former owners of most defunct AFL teams, Jones maintains the intellectual property rights to the Desperados.
DeShawn Stevenson
DeShawn Stevenson (born April 3, 1981) is an American former professional basketball player. Stevenson played for six teams in the National Basketball Association (NBA) during a 13-year career. He originally committed to play at the University of Kansas, but decided to enter the NBA directly from high school and was picked by the Utah Jazz with the 23rd selection of the 2000 NBA draft. He was a member of the Dallas Mavericks team that won an NBA championship in 2011. In 2017, Stevenson joined Power, one of the eight BIG3 basketball league teams.

James Singleton (basketball)
James Alexander Singleton (born July 20, 1981) is an American former professional basketball player and former assistant coach of the Austin Spurs of the NBA G League. The 6'8" forward played two years of college basketball for Murray State.
David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead
James Arthur David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead (born 27 June 1938) is a retired Scottish judge who served as the Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General, Scotland's most senior judge, and later as first Deputy President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2013. He had previously been the Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. He is the Chief Justice of Abu Dhabi Global Market Courts.

He has published 5 volumes of his diaries, archived his papers at the National Library of Scotland, and been involved in numerous controversies. He continues in private practice as an arbitrator. His other appointments have included Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and Convenor of the Crossbench peers in the House of Lords.

Robert Walker, Baron Walker of Gestingthorpe
Robert Walker, Baron Walker of Gestingthorpe, GBS, PC (17 March 1938 – 16 November 2023) was a British barrister and justice of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. He also served as a non-permanent judge of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal between 2009 and 2023.

Walker sat in the House of Lords as a crossbencher until his retirement from the House on 17 March 2021.
Chemistry of ascorbic acid
Ascorbic acid is an organic compound with formula C6H8O6, originally called hexuronic acid. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish.  It dissolves freely in water to give mildly acidic solutions.  It is a mild reducing agent.

Ascorbic acid exists as two enantiomers (mirror-image isomers), commonly denoted "l" (for "levo") and "d" (for "dextro"). The l isomer is the one most often encountered: it occurs naturally in many foods, and is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C, an essential nutrient for humans and many animals. Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy, formerly a major disease of sailors in long sea voyages. It is used as a food additive and a dietary supplement for its antioxidant properties. The "d" form (erythorbic acid) can be made by chemical synthesis, but has no significant biological role.

Tocopherol
Tocopherols (/toʊˈkɒfəˌrɒl/; TCP) are a class of organic compounds comprising various methylated phenols, many of which have vitamin E activity. Because the vitamin activity was first identified in 1936 from a dietary fertility factor in rats, it was named tocopherol, from Greek τόκος tókos 'birth' and φέρειν phérein 'to bear or carry', that is 'to carry a pregnancy', with the ending -ol signifying its status as a chemical alcohol.

α-Tocopherol is the main source found in supplements and in the European diet, where the main dietary sources are olive and sunflower oils, while γ-tocopherol is the most common form in the American diet due to a higher intake of soybean and corn oil.
Venice, Los Angeles
Venice is a neighborhood of the City of Los Angeles within the Westside region of Los Angeles County, California, United States.

Venice was founded by Abbot Kinney in 1905 as a seaside resort town. It was an independent city until 1926, when it was annexed by the city of Los Angeles. Venice is known for its canals, a beach, and Ocean Front Walk, a  2+1⁄2-mile (4-kilometer) pedestrian promenade that features performers, fortune-tellers, and vendors.

Hollywood, Los Angeles
Hollywood, sometimes informally called Tinseltown, is a neighborhood and district in Central Los Angeles, California. Its name has become synonymous with the American film industry and the people associated with it. Many notable film studios such as Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Warner Bros., Walt Disney Studios, and Sony Pictures are located in or near Hollywood.

Hollywood was incorporated as an independent municipality in 1903. The municipality of Hollywood was consolidated with the City of Los Angeles in 1910 following a referendum. Soon thereafter, the prominent film industry migrated to the area.