hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
172nd Tunnelling Company
The 172nd Tunnelling Company was one of the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers created by the British Army during World War I. The tunnelling units were occupied in offensive and defensive mining involving the placing and maintaining of mines under enemy lines, as well as other underground work such as the construction of deep dugouts for troop accommodation, the digging of subways, saps (a narrow trench dug to approach enemy trenches), cable trenches and  underground chambers for signals and medical services.

2nd Australian Tunnelling Company
The 2nd Australian Tunnelling Company was one of the tunnelling companies of the Royal Australian Engineers during World War I. The tunnelling units were occupied in offensive and defensive mining involving the placing and maintaining of mines under enemy lines, as well as other underground work such as the construction of deep dugouts for troop accommodation, the digging of subways, saps (a narrow trench dug to approach enemy trenches), cable trenches and underground chambers for signals and medical services.
San Antonio Missions
The San Antonio Missions are a Minor League Baseball team based in San Antonio, Texas. The Missions compete in the Texas League as the Double-A affiliate of the San Diego Padres. The team plays its home games at Nelson W. Wolff Municipal Stadium, which opened in 1994 and seats over 6,200 people with a total capacity of over 9,000. The Missions are named for the Spanish missions around which the city was founded.

Inland Empire 66ers
The Inland Empire 66ers of San Bernardino are a Minor League Baseball team of the California League and the Single-A affiliate of the Seattle Mariners. The 66ers are based in San Bernardino, California, and play at San Manuel Stadium.
Mende people
The Mende are one of the two largest ethnic groups in Sierra Leone; their neighbours, the Temne people, constitute the largest ethnic group at 35.5% of the total population, which is slightly larger than the Mende at 31.2%.  The Mende are predominantly found in the Southern Province and the Eastern Province. The Mende are mostly farmers and hunters. Some of the major cities with significant Mende populations include Bo, Kenema, Kailahun, and Moyamba.

Like a majority of African nations, Sierra Leone's political parties are often tied to specific ethnic groups and have been dominated by the Mende, on the one hand, and the Temne and their long-time political allies, the Limba, on the other. The Mende are known to typically support the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP), while the Temnes and Limbas are associated with the All People's Congress party (APC).

Vai people
The Vai are Mandé peoples that live mostly in Liberia, with a small minority living in south-eastern Sierra Leone. The Vai are known for their indigenous writing system known as the Vai syllabary, developed in the 1820s by Momolu Duwalu Bukele and other Vai elders. Over the course of the 19th century, literacy in the writing system became widespread. Its use declined over the 20th century, but modern computer technology has enabled a revival.

The Vai people speak the Vai language, which is one of the Mande languages. The Sierra Leonean Vai are predominantly found in Pujehun District around the Liberian border. Many Sierra Leonean villages that border Liberia are populated by the Vai. In total, about 1200 Vai live in Sierra Leone.
Szeged
Szeged (/ˈsɛɡɛd/ SEG-ed, Hungarian: [ˈsɛɡɛd] ⓘ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary.

Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár (Hungarian: [ˈseːkɛʃfɛheːrvaːr] ⓘ; German: Stuhlweißenburg [ʃtuːlˈvaɪsn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Latin: Alba Regia; Croatian: Stolni Biograd; Serbian: Стони Београд; Slovak: Stoličný Belehrad), known colloquially as Fehérvár (lit. 'white castle'), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the regional capital of Central Transdanubia, and the centre of Fejér County and Székesfehérvár District. The area is an important rail and road junction between Lake Balaton and Lake Velence.

Székesfehérvár, a royal residence (székhely), as capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, held a central role in the Middle Ages. As required by the Doctrine of the Holy Crown, the first kings of Hungary were crowned and buried here. Significant trade routes led to the Balkans and Italy, and to Buda and Vienna. Historically the city has come under Ottoman and Habsburg control, and was known in many languages by translations of "white castle" – Croatian: Biograd, Slovak: Belehrad, etc.
Johnny Herbert
John Paul Herbert (born 25 June 1964) is a British former racing driver and broadcaster who competed in Formula One from 1989 to 2000. Herbert won three Formula One Grands Prix across twelve seasons. In endurance racing, Herbert won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1991 with Mazda, as well as the 12 Hours of Sebring in 2002 with Audi.

Herbert competed in Formula One for Benetton, Tyrrell, Lotus, Ligier, Sauber, Stewart and Jaguar. He finished fourth in the 1995 World Championship with Benetton. Upon his retirement from motor racing, Herbert worked as a pundit for Sky Sports F1 from 2012 until 2022.

Mika Salo
Mika Juhani Salo (born 30 November 1966) is a Finnish former racing driver and broadcaster, who competed in Formula One from 1994 to 2002.

Salo's best ranking was 10th in the world championship in 1999, when he stood in for the injured Michael Schumacher at Ferrari for six races, scoring two podiums and ten points, contributing to Ferrari's constructors' championship win by a four-point margin. He also won the GT2 class in the 2008 and 2009 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library
Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library is an American estate and museum in Winterthur, Delaware. Winterthur houses one of the richest collections of Americana in the United States. The museum and estate were the home of Henry Francis du Pont (1880–1969), Winterthur's founder and a prominent antiques collector and horticulturist.

Yale University Art Gallery
The Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG) is an  art museum in New Haven, Connecticut. It houses a major encyclopedic collection of art in several interconnected buildings on the campus of Yale University. Although it embraces all cultures and periods, the gallery emphasizes early Italian Renaissance painting, African sculpture, and modern art. It is the oldest university art museum in the Western Hemisphere.
Veracruz
Veracruz, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in eastern Mexico, Veracruz is bordered by seven states: Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Tabasco. Veracruz is divided into 212 municipalities, and its capital city is Xalapa-Enríquez.

Veracruz has a significant share of the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico on the east of the state. The state is noted for its mixed ethnic and indigenous populations, and its cuisine reflects the many cultural influences that have come through the state because of the importance of the port of Veracruz. In addition to the capital city, the state's largest cities include Veracruz, Coatzacoalcos, Córdoba, Minatitlán, Poza Rica, Boca Del Río and Orizaba.

Alvarado, Veracruz
Alvarado (officially: Ilustre, Heroica y Generosa Ciudad y Puerto de Alvarado) is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz. The city also serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name. It is located 64 km (40 mi) from the city of Veracruz, Veracruz, on Federal Highways 180 and 125. Alvarado is bordered by Boca del Río, Tlalixcoyan, Medellín, Ignacio de la Llave, Ciudad Lerdo de Tejada, Tlacotalpan and Acula. It is 10 m (33 ft) above sea level. It lies in the so-called "Region Papaloapan" bordered on the south by the municipalities of Acula, Tlacotalpan and Lerdo de Tejada, on the east by the Gulf of Mexico and on the west by Ignacio de la Llave.

The geographic size of Alvarado is 840 square kilometres (320 sq mi).

The INEGI said that the population by 2000 was 22,608 people.
Oficial Fierro
Fernando Montes (born February 14, 1974) is a Mexican luchador, or professional wrestler, best known under the ring name Oficial Fierro. As Oficial Fierro he is part of a group called Los Oficiales that has worked for International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) since 2007. The team held the record for the longest reigning Distrito Federal Trios Champions and are the most successful holders of the IWRG Intercontinental Trios Championship, holding it longer than any other trios team and having defended it more times than any previous champions have. Fierro is Spanish for Iron. He previously wrestled as Mercurio and El Millonario but achieved more success as Ultra Mega, part of Los Megas in IWRG where he held several championships. Oficial Fierro's real name was not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans, until he lost his mask in a match on November 1, 2012.

X-Fly
Juan Francisco Domínguez (born September 8, 1977) is a Mexican luchador, or professional wrestler, currently performing under the ring name X-Fly. He is also known as the original Mosco de la Merced ("Mosquito of Mercy"), a name which has since been given another luchador. He is best known for his stints with the AAA promotion, the latest while representing Los Perros del Mal.
Punjab cricket team (India)
The Punjab cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents the Indian state of Punjab. They have qualified for only one Ranji Trophy semi-final in the last five seasons and made it to the final in the 2004–05 tournament, where they lost to Railways in the first innings. They also play in other domestic cricket tournaments in India. They have been winners of the Ranji Trophy only once, in the 1992–93 season. In 2023-24, they won their maiden Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.

Southern Punjab cricket team (India)
The Southern Punjab cricket team was an Indian domestic team representing the southern part of the Indian province of Punjab during the British Raj and later the southern part of its Indian successor, following the partition of India. It played 74 matches at first-class level between 1926–27 and 1967–68.
Dungeon crawl
A dungeon crawl is a type of scenario in fantasy role-playing games (RPGs) in which heroes navigate a labyrinth environment (a "dungeon"), battling various monsters, avoiding traps, solving puzzles, and looting any treasure they may find. Video games and board games which predominantly feature dungeon crawl elements are considered to be a genre.

Overworld
An overworld or a hub world is, in a broad sense, an area within a video game that interconnects all its levels or locations. They are mostly common in role-playing games, though this does not exclude other video game genres, such as some platformers and strategy games.
Johnny Sauter
Jonathan Joseph Sauter (born May 1, 1978) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 66 Ford F-150 for ThorSport Racing. He has also driven in the NASCAR Cup Series and NASCAR Xfinity Series in the past. Sauter is the son of former NASCAR driver Jim Sauter, the brother of NASCAR drivers Tim Sauter and Jay Sauter, and the uncle of Travis Sauter. He is the 2016 Truck Series champion.

Brian Vickers
Brian Lee Vickers (born October 24, 1983) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last drove the No. 14 Chevrolet SS for Stewart–Haas Racing as an interim driver in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series for the injured Tony Stewart. He won the 2003 NASCAR Busch Series championship driving for Hendrick Motorsports. Vickers was also among the first series of full-time drivers for Toyota after the manufacturer first entered the Sprint Cup Series.

Vickers' career has been marred by a series of health issues since 2010 that have included blood clots and heart problems.
Shin (letter)
Shin (also spelled Šin (šīn) or Sheen) is the twenty-first and penultimate letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician šīn 𐤔, Hebrew šīn ש‎, Aramaic šīn 𐡔, Syriac šīn ܫ, and Arabic sīn س‎.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Sigma (Σ) (which in turn gave rise to the Latin S, the German ẞ and the Cyrillic С), and the letter Sha  in the  Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts (, Ш). The South Arabian and Ethiopian letter Śawt is also cognate. The letter šīn is the only letter of the Arabic alphabet with three dots with a letter corresponding to a letter in the Northwest Semitic abjad or the Phoenician alphabet.

Sin (letter)
The Arabic letter س sīn /s/ (Arabic: سِينْ, sīn or seen /siːn/) is the 12th letter in the common Hijā'i order, and the 15th letter in the Abjadi order (corresponding to the 15th letter Phoenician letter Samekh). Based on Semitic linguistics, Samekh has no surviving descendant in the Arabic alphabet, and that sīn is derived from Phoenician šīn 𐤔 rather than Phoenician sāmek 𐤎, but unlike the Aramaic 𐡔‎‎ sīn/šīn and the Hebrew ש‎ sīn/šīn, Arabic س sīn /s/ is considered a completely separate letter from ش šīn /ʃ/, and is written thus:

The history of the letters expressing sibilants in the various Semitic alphabets is somewhat complicated, due to different mergers between Proto-Semitic phonemes. As usually reconstructed, there are four plain Proto-Semitic coronal voicelessfricative phonemes (not counting emphatic ones) that evolved into the various voiceless sibilants of its daughter languages, as follows:
Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia (German: Oberfranken, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is an administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of the state of Bavaria, southern Germany. It forms part of the historically significant region of Franconia, the others being Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia, which are all part of Bavaria.

With more than 200 independent breweries which brew approximately 1000 different types of beer, Upper Franconia has the world's highest brewery-density per capita. A special Franconian beer route (Fränkische Brauereistraße) runs through many popular breweries.

Wunsiedel (district)
Wunsiedel (German: Landkreis Wunsiedel i. Fichtelgebirge) is a Landkreis (district) in the northeastern part of Bavaria, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from the south clockwise) Tirschenreuth, Bayreuth, Hof, and to the east the Czech Republic.
William Kissam Vanderbilt
William Kissam Vanderbilt I (December 12, 1849 – July 22, 1920) was an American heir, businessman, philanthropist, and horse breeder. Born into the Vanderbilt family, he managed his family's railroad investments.

Oliver Belmont
Oliver Hazard Perry Belmont (November 12, 1858 – June 10, 1908) was an American banker, socialite, and politician who served one term as a United States representative from New York from 1901 to 1903.

Belmont was a member of the banking firm of August Belmont and Co., New York City. He became publisher of the Verdict, a weekly paper.
Mario Monicelli
Mario Alberto Ettore Monicelli (Italian: [ˈmaːrjo moniˈtʃɛlli]; 16 May 1915 – 29 November 2010) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.

Considered one of the greatest Italian directors of his genre, he was one of the masters of the commedia all'italiana ("Italian-style comedy"), was nominated six times for an Academy Award, and received the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1991.

Marco Bellocchio
Marco Bellocchio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmarko belˈlɔkkjo]; born 9 November 1939) is an Italian film director, screenwriter, and actor. Most known for his films Fists in the Pocket (1965), A Leap in the Dark (1980), Good Morning, Night (2003), The Traitor (2019) and Kidnapped (2023).
Apache Cassandra
Apache Cassandra is a free and open-source database management system designed to handle large volumes of data across multiple commodity servers. The system prioritizes availability and scalability over consistency, making it particularly suited for systems with high write throughput requirements due to its LSM tree indexing storage layer. As a wide-column database, Cassandra supports flexible schemas and efficiently handles data models with numerous sparse columns. The system is optimized for applications with well-defined data access patterns that can be incorporated into the schema design. Cassandra supports computer clusters which may span multiple data centers, featuring asynchronous and masterless replication. It enables low-latency operations for all clients and incorporates Amazon's Dynamo distributed storage and replication techniques, combined with Google's Bigtable data storage engine model.

Apache Kafka
Apache Kafka is a distributed event store and stream-processing platform. It is an open-source system developed by the Apache Software Foundation written in Java and Scala. The project aims to provide a unified, high-throughput, low-latency platform for handling real-time data feeds. Kafka can connect to external systems (for data import/export) via Kafka Connect, and provides the Kafka Streams libraries for stream processing applications. Kafka uses a binary TCP-based protocol that is optimized for efficiency and relies on a "message set" abstraction that naturally groups messages together to reduce the overhead of the network roundtrip. This "leads to larger network packets, larger sequential disk operations, contiguous memory blocks [...] which allows Kafka to turn a bursty stream of random message writes into linear writes."
Pschent
The pschent (/pskʰént/; Greek ψχέντ) was the double crown worn by rulers in ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians generally referred to it as Pa-sekhemty (pꜣ-sḫm.ty), the Two Powerful Ones, from which the Greek term is derived. It combined the White Hedjet Crown of Upper Egypt and the Red Deshret Crown of Lower Egypt.

The Pschent represented the pharaoh's power over all of unified Egypt. It bore two animal emblems:  an Egyptian cobra, known as the uraeus, ready to strike, which symbolized the Lower Egyptian goddess Wadjet; and a vulture representing the Upper Egyptian tutelary goddess Nekhbet. These were fastened to the front of the Pschent and referred to as the Two Ladies.

Khepresh
The khepresh (ḫprš) was an ancient Egyptian royal headdress. It is also known as the blue crown or war crown. New Kingdom pharaohs are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies.  While it was once called the war crown by many, modern historians refrain from characterizing it thus.

No original example of a khepresh has yet been found. Based on ancient artistic representations, some Egyptologists have speculated that the khepresh was made of leather or stiffened cloth covered with a precise arrangement of hundreds of sequins, discs, bosses, or rings. Given that the deshret (red crown) and hedjet (white crown) were apparently woven of some sort of plant fiber, the circles or rings decorating ancient artistic representations of the khepresh may instead indicate the regular array of hexagonal holes in an open triaxial weave. As with many other royal crowns, an uraeus (cobra) was hooked to the front of the khepresh.
Yevsey Moiseyenko
Yevsey Yevseyevich Moiseyenko (Russian: Евсей Евсеевич Моисеенко; 28 August [O.S. 15 August] 1916 – 29 November 1988) was a Soviet and Russian painter and pedagogue. People's Painter of the USSR (1970) and Hero of Socialist Labour (1986).

Valery Vatenin
Valery Vladimirovich Vatenin (Russian: Вале́рий Влади́мирович Вате́нин; 27 January 1933 – 16 June 1977) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the "left wing" of the Leningrad school of painting.
Tamil United Liberation Front
The Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF; Tamil: தமிழர் ஐக்கிய விடுதலை முன்னணி, romanized: Tamil Onrupattatu Viduthulai Munnai, Sinhala: ද්‍රවිඩ එක්සත් විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ, romanized: Dravida Eksath Vimukthi Peramuna) is a political party in Sri Lanka.

Sri Lanka Freedom Party
The Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP; Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් පක්ෂය, romanised: Śrī Laṁkā Nidahas Pakṣaya; Tamil: இலங்கை சுதந்திரக் கட்சி, romanised: Ilaṅkai Cutantirak Kaṭci) is a centre-left political party in Sri Lanka. Founded by S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike in 1951, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties from the 1950s to the 2010s, serving as the main rival of the centre-right United National Party. Following a split in the late 2010s and subsequent electoral losses, the influence of the party has since diminished.

The party is generally considered as having a democratic socialist or progressive economic agenda and is often associated with Sinhalese nationalist parties. The party follows a non-aligned foreign policy but has historically had close ties to socialist nations.
Mikhail Kornienko
Mikhail Borisovich Kornienko (Михаил Борисович Корниенко; born 15 April 1960) is a Russian cosmonaut who has undertaken multiple missions to the International Space Station (ISS).

He first served as a flight engineer during Expedition 23 and 24 in 2010. Kornienko was later selected for a year-long mission on the ISS that spanned from March 2015 to March 2016, covering Expedition 43 through 46. For this mission, he collaborated with American astronaut Scott Kelly. The mission, launched aboard Soyuz TMA-16M, aimed to study the physiological and psychological effects on humans during extended periods of spaceflight. The collected data are intended to aid preparations for future missions requiring extended human presence in space.

Aleksandr Skvortsov (cosmonaut)
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Skvortsov (Russian: Aлександр Aлександрович Скворцов; born May 6, 1966) is a Russian cosmonaut. He is a veteran of three spaceflights, which were long-duration missions aboard the International Space Station. His first spaceflight took place from April to September 2010, and was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TMA-18. He arrived at the station part way through Expedition 23, of which Oleg Kotov was the commander. When Expedition 24 began in June, Skvortsov became commander.
Doug Williams (wrestler)
Douglas Clayton Durdle (born 1 September 1972), known by his ring name Doug Williams, is an English retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he was a one–time Television Champion, two–time TNA X Division Champion and a two-time tag team champion, having held the TNA World Tag Team Championship and the IWGP Tag Team Championship once each as part of The British Invasion. He also worked as a trainer for TNA's developmental territory Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he was a one-time OVW Heavyweight Champion. Throughout his career, Williams has also worked in various promotions in the United Kingdom and abroad, including the Frontier Wrestling Alliance (FWA), One Pro Wrestling (1PW) and Pro Wrestling Noah.

Chris Hero
William Christopher Spradlin (born December 24, 1979), better known by his ring name Chris Hero, is an American professional wrestler and trainer. He is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW) as a coach.

Hero has worked for a number of independent wrestling promotions, including Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Ring of Honor (ROH), Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South, Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW) and Chikara, as well as Pro Wrestling Noah in Japan. Hero has had two stints in WWE, both as part of their development territory NXT, under the ring name Kassius Ohno. His second tenure with the company saw him work as a "player-coach" for the trainees in NXT and NXT UK.

For years Hero teamed up with Claudio Castagnoli as the "Kings of Wrestling", winning various tag team championships and tournaments such as Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas, Tag World Grand Prix 2006, CZW World Tag Team Championship, JCW Tag Team Championship and the ROH World Tag Team Championship.