hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Robert Brown  FRSE FRS FLS MWS (21 December 1773 – 10 June 1858) was a Scottish botanist and paleobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope. His contributions include one of the earliest detailed descriptions of the cell nucleus and cytoplasmic streaming; the observation of Brownian motion; early work on plant pollination and fertilisation, including being the first to recognise the fundamental difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms; and some of the earliest studies in palynology. He also made numerous contributions to plant taxonomy, notably erecting a number of plant families that are still accepted today; and numerous Australian plant genera and species, the fruit of his exploration of that continent with Matthew Flinders.

The standard author abbreviation R.Br. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel
Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel (3 August 1766 – 15 March 1833) was a German botanist and physician who published an influential multivolume history of medicine, Versuch einer pragmatischen Geschichte der Arzneikunde (1792–99 in four volumes with later editions running to five) and several other medical reference works.
Leonid Tkachenko (artist)
Leonid Anisimovich Tkachenko (Russian: Леони́д Ани́симович Ткаче́нко; 28 March 1927 – December 2020) was a Soviet and Russian painter. A member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), he lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the "left" wing of the Leningrad school of painting.

Anatoli Levitin
Anatoli Pavlovich Levitin (Russian: Анатолий Павлович Левитин; July 16, 1922 – October 11, 2018) was a Soviet Russian painter and art educator, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 — the Leningrad Union of Artists), who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg and Krasnoyarsk, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait paintings.

In March 2014 he signed a letter in support of the position of the President of Russia Vladimir Putin on the issue of Ukraine and the adoption of Crimea into the Russian Federation based on the results of a referendum held in Crimea.
Fly on the Wings of Love
"Fly on the Wings of Love" is a song recorded by Danish pop-rock duo Olsen Brothers –Jørgen and Niels Olsen–, with music composed and lyrics written by Jørgen Olsen. It represented Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000, held in Stockholm, resulting in the country's second win at the contest. The song was an international hit, most notably in Sweden, where it reached number one. The original Danish-language version "Smuk som et stjerneskud" was a number-one hit in their native Denmark.

Dansevise
"Dansevise" (IPA: [ˈtænsəˌviːsə]; Danish for 'Dance song') is a song recorded by Danish husband and wife duo Grethe and Jørgen Ingmann with music composed by Otto Francker and Danish lyrics written by Sejr Volmer-Sørensen. It represented Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1963 held in London, resulting the first entry performed by a duo to win the contest and also the first win from a Scandinavian country.
Mostafa Chamran
Mostafa Chamran Savehi (Persian: مصطفی چمران ساوه‌ای; 2 October 1932 – 21 June 1981) was an Iranian scientist, politician, and guerrilla, best known for serving as the first defense minister of post-revolutionary Iran.

In 1980, Chamran was elected to the Iranian Majles, representing Tehran. That same year, he commanded a paramilitary unit in the Iran–Iraq War, known as the "Irregular Warfare Headquarters". He was later killed on the frontlines.

Mohammad Montazeri
Mohammad Montazeri (Persian: محمد منتظری; 1944–28 June 1981) was an Iranian cleric and military figure. He was one of the founding members and early chiefs of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Montazeri was assassinated in a bombing in Tehran on 28 June 1981.
Ralph Metcalfe
Ralph Harold Metcalfe Sr. (May 29, 1910 – October 10, 1978) was an American track and field sprinter and politician. He jointly held the world record in the 100-meter dash and placed second in that event in two Olympics, first to Eddie Tolan in 1932 at Los Angeles and then to Jesse Owens at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany. Metcalfe won four Olympic medals and was regarded as the world's fastest human in 1934 and 1935.

He later went into politics in the city of Chicago and served in the United States Congress for four terms in the 1970s as a Democrat from Illinois.

Sam Stoller
Sam Stoller  (August 8, 1915 – May 29, 1985) was an American athlete who specialized in sprinting and long jumping. He tied the world record in the 60-yard dash in 1936. Stoller is best known for his exclusion from the American 4 × 100 relay team at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. The 2-man substitution triggered widespread speculation that he and Marty Glickman—the only two Jews on the U.S. track team—were excluded because U.S. Olympic Committee chairman Avery Brundage wanted to avoid embarrassing Adolf Hitler by having two Jewish athletes win gold medals.  Stoller vowed at the time that he would never run again, but he returned in 1937 to win both the Big Ten Conference and NCAA championships in the 100-yard dash.  After graduating from the University of Michigan in 1937, Stoller briefly went into a singing and acting career as "Singin' Sammy Stoller."
Newport railway station
Newport (Welsh: Gorsaf Rheilffordd Casnewydd) is the second-busiest railway station in Wales (after Cardiff Central). It is situated in Newport city centre and is 133 miles 13 chains (214.3 km) from London Paddington measured via Bristol Parkway, and  158 miles 50 chains (255.3 km) via Stroud.

The station was originally opened in 1850 by the South Wales Railway Company and was greatly expanded in 1928. A new station building was built in 2010, with four full-size platforms to facilitate new Great Western Railway 10-car Intercity Express Programme trains.

The station is owned by Network Rail and managed by Transport for Wales Rail. The main station entrance is located on Queensway, connected by Station Approach to the High Street; there is a further entrance adjoined to the National Car Parks site at its rear, reached from Devon Place.

Wrexham General railway station
Wrexham General (Welsh: Wrecsam Cyffredinol) is the main railway station serving the city of Wrexham, north-east Wales, and one of the two serving the city, alongside Wrexham Central. It is currently operated and mostly served by Transport for Wales, with some additional services provided by Avanti West Coast to London Euston.

The station was first opened in 1846, later becoming part of the Great Western Railway (GWR) network and expanded in 1912. It is one of three railway stations in the central area of the city, one now part of General, named Wrexham Exchange, the other being Wrexham Central. It is the main hub for inter-city services in the area, and as a result 78% of all rail journeys (2006/07) in Wrexham County Borough start or end at the station. It is also a major hub for inter-city services in North Wales.

Until the early 1980s what is now platform 4 of Wrexham General, serving the Wrexham Central – Bidston service, was part of a separate station: Wrexham Exchange.
List of bus routes in Staten Island
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) operates a number of bus routes in Staten Island, New York, United States. Some of them are the direct descendants of streetcar lines (see list of streetcar lines in Staten Island). Many of most routes run to the St. George Terminal, at St. George in northeastern Staten Island, where there are connections to the Staten Island Ferry.

S51 and S81 buses
The S51 and S81 constitute bus routes in Staten Island, New York running primarily on Bay Street, Father Capodanno Boulevard, and Midland Avenue, between St. George Ferry Terminal and Grant City.

The S51 was originally a streetcar route, that was replaced with buses in 1934. The S81 was created in 2001 as a limited-stop version of the S51.
Caerphilly (Senedd constituency)
Caerphilly (Welsh: Caerffili) is a constituency of the Senedd. It elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post method of election. It is additionally one of eight constituencies in the South Wales East electoral region, which elects four additional members, in addition to eight constituency members, to produce a degree of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

Torfaen (Senedd constituency)
Torfaen is a constituency of the Senedd. It elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post method of election. It is also one of eight constituencies in the South Wales East electoral region, which elects four additional members, in addition to eight constituency members, to produce a degree of proportional representation for the region as a whole.
Kaha Creek
Kaha Creek is a tributary of the Koshin River in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It flows generally northwest for roughly 30 km (19 mi) to join the Koshin River about 3.8 km (2.4 mi) north of Hatin Lake, and about 6 km (3.7 mi) north of Callison Ranch. Kaha Creek's watershed covers 95.1 km2 (36.7 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is estimated at 1.19 m3/s (42 cu ft/s). The mouth of Kaha Creek is located about 93 km (58 mi) north of Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, about 165 km (103 mi) east of Juneau, Alaska, and about 103 km (64 mi) west of Dease Lake, British Columbia. Kaha Creek's watershed's land cover is classified as 41.1% conifer forest, 40.2% shrubland, 12.3% barren, and small amounts of other cover.

Kaha Creek is in the traditional territory of the Tlingit Taku River Tlingit First Nation and the Tahltan First Nation, of the Tahltan people.

Lost Creek (Koshin River tributary)
Lost Creek is a tributary of the Koshin River in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It flows generally northwest for roughly 26 km (16 mi) to join the Koshin River just north of Hatin Lake, and about 4 km (2.5 mi) north of Callison Ranch. Lost Creek's watershed covers 70.0 km2 (27.0 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is estimated at 1.07 m3/s (38 cu ft/s). The mouth of Lost Creek is located about 90 km (56 mi) north of Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, about 102 km (63 mi) west of Dease Lake, British Columbia, and about 163 km (101 mi) east of Juneau, Alaska. Lost Creek's watershed's land cover is classified as 46.3% shrubland, 31.5% conifer forest, 12.2% barren, and small amounts of other cover.

Lost Creek is in the traditional territory of the Tlingit Taku River Tlingit First Nation and the Tahltan First Nation, of the Tahltan people.
Infante Pedro Carlos of Spain and Portugal
Don Pedro Carlos (Pedro Carlos Antonio Rafael José Javier Francisco Juan Nepomuceno Tomás de Villanueva Marcos Marcelino Vicente Ferrer Raimundo; 18 June 1786 – 4 July 1812) was an Infante of Spain and Portugal.

Infante Sebastião of Spain and Portugal
Dom Sebastião Gabriel de Borbón y Braganza, (Rio de Janeiro, 4 November 1811 – Pau, 14 February 1875) Infante of Portugal and Spain, was an Iberian prince of the 19th century, progenitor of the Spanish ducal lines of Hernani, Ansola, Dúrcal and Marchena, and Carlist army commander in the First Carlist War.
Operation Clean-up
Operation Clean-up, also known as Operation Blue Fox, was an armed intelligence program and anti-crime operation led by the Sindh Police and Sindh Rangers, with some support from the Pakistan Army and its related-intelligence agencies. It was planned by the FIA, Intelligence Bureau, army and launched the directives of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 1992. The program was more strictly pursued by upcoming Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1993–1994, as part of her internal policies.
Its objective was to cleanse Karachi city of anti-social elements as well as reduce crime such as street crime and gang warfare. The program targeted the Muhajir Qaumi Movement (Altaf) and the Mohajir Qaumi Movement (Haqiqi) over the controversy regarding the alleged plan on having the cities of Karachi and Hyderabad break away from the province of Sindh and be a province itself known as Jinnahpur.

Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan
Muttahida Qaumi Movement (Pakistan) (MQM-P) is a Pakistani political party with a liberal political position and a Muhajir nationalist ideology. The leader of the party is Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui. The party's symbol is the kite. It is mostly active in Karachi where the majority of Muhajirs currently reside. The party aims to represent the human rights of Muhajirs in Pakistan through peaceful and democratic struggle. The Party is a splinter faction of MQM-L.
Laura Ingraham
Laura Anne Ingraham (/ˈɪŋɡrəm/; born June 19, 1963) is an American conservative television presenter. She has been the host of The Ingraham Angle on Fox News Channel since October 2017, and is the editor-in-chief of LifeZette. She formerly hosted the nationally syndicated radio show The Laura Ingraham Show.

Ingraham worked as a speechwriter in the Reagan administration in the late 1980s. She earned a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Virginia in 1991 and was a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas. She then worked for the law firm Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom in New York City. Ingraham began her media career in the mid-1990s. Ingraham is known for her support for Donald Trump and acted as an informal advisor during his first presidency.

Hugh Hewitt
Hugh Hewitt (born February 22, 1956) is an American conservative political commentator, radio talk show host with the Salem Radio Network, attorney, academic, and author. He writes about law, society, politics, and media bias in the United States. Hewitt is a former official in the Reagan administration, the former president and CEO of the Richard Nixon Foundation, a law professor at Chapman University School of Law, a former columnist for The Washington Post, and a regular political commentator on Fox News. He is the 14th most-listened-to radio talk show host in the United States.
Reed Crandall
Reed Leonard Crandall (February 22, 1917 – September 13, 1982) was an American illustrator and penciller of comic books and magazines. He was best known for the 1940s Quality Comics' Blackhawk and for stories in EC Comics during the 1950s. Crandall was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2009.

Angelo Torres
Angelo Torres (born April 14, 1932, in Santurce, Puerto Rico) is an American cartoonist and caricaturist whose work has appeared in many noteworthy comic books, as well as a long-running regular illustrator for Mad.
St Anthony-in-Meneage
St Anthony-in-Meneage (Cornish: Lannentenin) is a coastal civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The parish is in the Meneage district of the Lizard peninsula. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 171, decreasing to 168 at the 2011 census.

St Martin-in-Meneage
St Martin-in-Meneage (Cornish: Dydemin) is a civil parish and village in the Meneage district of the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

The village is five miles (8 km) south-southeast of Helston. The population at the 2011 census was 377

The church is dedicated to St Martin of Tours and is a chapelry of Mawgan in Meneage (right of sepulture was granted in 1385). The ancient estates of Barry Mylor and Mathiana adjoin the church and the two names indicate that in early times there were chapels of two Breton saints here, of St Melor at Merther Mylor (Barry Mylor) and St Anou at Merther Anou (the modern forms having been variously corrupted).

St Martin-in-Meneage lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
Kenny Perry
James Kenneth Perry (born August 10, 1960) is an American professional golfer who currently plays on the PGA Tour Champions. He won 14 PGA Tour events and has won nine PGA Tour Champions events including four senior major championships: the 2013 Constellation Senior Players Championship, the 2013 U.S. Senior Open, the 2014 Regions Tradition, and the 2017 U.S. Senior Open.

Hunter Mahan
Hunter Myles Mahan (born May 17, 1982) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He is a winner of two World Golf Championship events, the 2010 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational and the 2012 WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship. 
Mahan has spent 19 weeks in the top-10 of the Official World Golf Ranking. He reached a career-high world ranking of No. 4 on April 1, 2012, and in so doing became the highest ranked American golfer at the time.
Nikolai Galakhov
Nikolai Nikolaevich Galakhov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Гала́хов; May 29, 1928 – March 1, 2022) was a Russian artist. He was an Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation). Living and working in Saint Petersburg, he was regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting, and is most famous for his landscape paintings.

Genrikh Pavlovsky
Genrikh Vasilievich Pavlovsky (Russian: Павловский Генрих Васильевич) (October 15, 1907 – December 17, 1973) was a Russian and Soviet painter and art educator, who lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, who played an important role in the formation of the Leningrad school of painting.
List of bus routes in Queens
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) operates a number of bus routes in Queens, New York, United States, under two different public brands. New York City Transit Authority and MTA Regional Bus Operations.  Some of them are the direct descendants of streetcar lines (see list of streetcar lines in Queens).

B20 and B83 buses
The B20 and B83 constitute bus routes between Broadway Junction and East New York, running primarily on Pennsylvania Avenue in Brooklyn, New York City. They are operated by the New York City Transit Authority, with the B20 being based out of the Fresh Pond Depot and the B83 being based out of the East New York Depot.
Old Red Sandstone
Old Red Sandstone, abbreviated ORS, is an assemblage of rocks in the North Atlantic region largely of Devonian age. It extends in the east across Great Britain, Ireland and Norway, and in the west along the eastern seaboard of North America. It also extends northwards into Greenland and Svalbard. These areas were a part of the paleocontinent of Euramerica (Laurussia). In Britain it is a lithostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) to which stratigraphers accord supergroup status and which is of considerable importance to early paleontology. The presence of Old in the name is to distinguish the sequence from the younger New Red Sandstone which also occurs widely throughout Britain.

Carboniferous Limestone
Carboniferous Limestone is a collective term for the succession of limestones occurring widely throughout Great Britain and Ireland that were deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period.  These rocks formed between 363 and 325 million years ago. Within England and Wales, the entire limestone succession, which includes subordinate mudstones and some thin sandstones, is known as the Carboniferous Limestone Supergroup.
Sepang Racing Team
The Sepang Racing Team (formerly known as SIC Racing Team) was a Malaysian Grand Prix motorcycle racing team which operated until the end of 2021, and was owned by the Sepang International Circuit. First established in 2015 in the Moto3 class and expanded in 2019, it fielded teams in MotoGP, Moto2 and Moto3 championships. The MotoGP team was formally called Petronas Yamaha Sepang Racing Team (Petronas Yamaha SRT), while the Moto2 and Moto3 teams were named Petronas Sprinta Racing Team (Petronas SRT).

Following the 2021 season, the MotoGP team became known as RNF MotoGP Racing, with Moto2 and Moto3 being disbanded. Several aspects and team members from the Moto3 crew were recruited by Michael Laverty  for his new VisionTrack Honda Moto3 team.

Franco Morbidelli
Franco Morbidelli (born 4 December 1994) is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racer in MotoGP class, riding for Pertamina Enduro VR46 Racing Team team. He became champion in the 2013 European Superstock 600 Championship, and the 2017 Moto2 World Championship.
Kiev Governorate
Kiev Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire (1796–1917), Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–18; 1918–1921), Ukrainian State (1918), and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–1925; part of the Soviet Union since 1922). It included the territory of the right-bank Ukraine and was formed after a division of the Kiev Viceroyalty into Kiev and Little Russia Governorates in 1796. Its capital was in Kiev. By the early 20th century, it consisted of 12 uyezds, 12 cities, 111 miasteczkos and 7344 other settlements. In 1923, it was divided into several okrugs and on 6 June 1925 it was abolished by the Soviet administrative reforms.

Chernigov Governorate
Chernigov Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Chernigov.

Its borders encompassed the modern Chernihiv Oblast, but also included a large section of Sumy Oblast and smaller sections of the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to a large part of Bryansk Oblast of Russia.

From 1918 to 1925, it was referred to as Chernihiv Governorate as part of Ukrainian successor states of the Russian Empire during and after the civil war, namely of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR.
Minjee Lee
Minjee Lee (born 27 May 1996) is an Australian professional golfer from Perth. She became the number one ranked amateur golfer in February 2014 after winning the Oates Victorian Open, remaining number one until turning professional in September 2014. Lee has won three major championships – the 2021 Amundi Evian Championship, the 2022 U.S. Women's Open, and the 2025 Women's PGA Championship.

Park Sung-hyun (golfer)
Park Sung-hyun (born 21 September 1993), also known as Sung Hyun Park, is a South Korean professional golfer playing on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two LPGA majors championships, the 2017 U.S. Women's Open and the 2018 Women's PGA Championship. She was the number one ranked golfer in the Women's World Golf Rankings for a single week in 2017 and has returned to the number one spot in 2018 and 2019.
Randolph County, West Virginia
Randolph County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,932. Its county seat is Elkins. The county was founded in 1787 and is named for Edmund Jennings Randolph.

Randolph County comprises the Elkins, West Virginia, Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Greenbrier County, West Virginia
Greenbrier County (/ˈɡriːnbraɪ.ər/) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,977. Its county seat is Lewisburg. The county was formed in 1778 from Botetourt and Montgomery Counties in Virginia.
Howe Sound
Howe Sound (French: Baie (de /d')Howe, Squamish: Átl'ka7tsem, Nexwnéwu7ts, Txwnéwu7ts) is a roughly triangular sound, that joins a network of fjords situated immediately northwest of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2021.

Jervis Inlet
Jervis Inlet (locally /ˈdʒɑːrvɪs/ JAR-viss) is one of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast, about 95 km (59 mi) northwest of Vancouver, and the third of such inlets north of the 49th parallel, the first of which is Burrard Inlet, Vancouver's harbour.