hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spinning (textiles)
Spinning is a twisting technique to form yarn from fibers. The fiber intended is drawn out, twisted, and wound onto a bobbin. A few popular fibers that are spun into yarn other than cotton, which is the most popular, are viscose (the most common form of rayon), animal fibers such as wool, and synthetic polyester. Originally done by hand using a spindle whorl, starting in the 500s AD the spinning wheel became the predominant spinning tool across Asia and Europe. The spinning jenny and spinning mule, invented in the late 1700s, made mechanical spinning far more efficient than spinning by hand, and especially made cotton manufacturing one of the most important industries of the Industrial Revolution.

Fiber
Fiber (spelled fibre in British English; from Latin: fibra) is a natural or artificial substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers, for example carbon fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers have some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.
Patti Smith
Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, poet, painter, author, and photographer. Her 1975 debut album Horses made her an influential member of the New York City–based punk rock movement. Smith has fused rock and poetry in her work. In 1978, her most widely known song, "Because the Night," co-written with Bruce Springsteen, reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number five on the UK Singles Chart.

In 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. In 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In November 2010, Smith won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids, written to fulfill a promise she made to Robert Mapplethorpe, her longtime partner and friend. She is ranked 47th on Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of all Time, published in 2010, and was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2011.

Proto-punk
Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

The tendency towards aggressive, raw, simplistic rock songs is a trend rooted in the earliest forms of rock and roll. The American garage rock movement of the mid-1960s is a key influence in the development of punk rock. By the late 1960s, Detroit bands the Stooges and MC5 had taken the influence of garage groups to form a distinct prototypical punk sound. In the following years, this sound spread both domestically and internationally,  alongside glam rock and pub rock, into several regional early underground punk scenes in New York, Ohio, Australia and England.
Mpumalanga
Mpumalanga (/əmˌpuːməˈlɑːŋɡə/; Portuguese: Mepumalanga) is one of the nine provinces of South Africa. The name means "East", or literally "The Place Where the Sun Rises" in the Nguni languages. Mpumalanga lies in eastern South Africa, bordering Eswatini and Mozambique.  It shares borders with the South African provinces of Limpopo to the north, Gauteng to the west, the Free State to the southwest, and KwaZulu-Natal to the south. The capital is Mbombela.

Mpumalanga was formed in 1994, when the area that was the Eastern Transvaal was merged with the former bantustans KaNgwane, KwaNdebele and parts of Lebowa and Gazankulu. Although the contemporary borders of the province were formed only at the end of apartheid, the region and its surroundings have a history that extends back thousands of years. Much of its history and current significance are as a region of trade.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.
Torres Strait Islanders
Torres Strait Islanders (/ˈtɒrɪs/ TORR-iss) are the Indigenous Melanesian peoples of the Torres Strait Islands, which are part of the state of Queensland, Australia. Ethnically distinct from the Aboriginal peoples of the rest of Australia, they are often grouped with them as Indigenous Australians. Today, many more Torres Strait Islander people live in mainland Australia than on the islands.

Five distinct peoples exist within the broader designation of Torres Strait Islander people, based partly on geographical and cultural divisions. Kalaw Lagaw Ya and Meriam Mir comprise the two main Indigenous language groups; Yumplatok is also widely spoken as a language of trade and commerce. The core of Island culture is Papuan, and the people are traditionally a seafaring nation. Torres Strait Islanders exhibit a strong artistic culture, particularly in sculpture, printmaking, and mask-making.

Darnley Island (Queensland)
Darnley Island, or Erub in the native Papuan language of Meriam Mir, is an island formed by volcanic action and situated in the eastern section of the Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia. It is one of the Torres Strait Islands and is located near the Great Barrier Reef and just south of the Bligh entrance. The town on the island is also called Darnley, but the locality is called Erub Island, both being within the local government area of Torres Strait Island Region. In the 2021 census, Erub Island had a population of 326 people, with 292 (89.6%) identifying as Indigenous Australians.

The effective community language is Brokan (Torres Strait Creole), though many people also still speak Meriam Mir, the traditional language.
Dyersville, Iowa
Dyersville is a city in eastern Delaware County and western Dubuque County in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is part of the Dubuque, Iowa, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 4,477 at the time of the 2020 census, up from 4,035 in 2000. Dyersville is known as the home of the Field of Dreams movie site, the National Farm Toy Museum, and the Basilica of St. Francis Xavier.

Cascade, Iowa
Cascade is a city in Dubuque and Jones counties, Iowa, United States. The Dubuque County portion is part of Dubuque metropolitan area, while the Jones County section is part of Cedar Rapids metropolitan area. The population was 2,386 at the 2020 census, up from 1,958 in 2000. The city is located within southwestern of Dubuque County and north-central Jones County.

Arguably the town's most notable historic event was the 1925 flood. Between 1880 and 1936, the town was connected to Bellevue via the Chicago, St. Paul & Milwaukee Railroad Company.  It was Iowa's last narrow gauge railroad with a gauge of 3'.  The roadbed curves and grades were considered too extreme for conversion to standard gauge.

U.S. Route 151 runs through Cascade but in 2002, a four-lane bypass took traffic north around the city. Iowa Highway 136 runs from north to south through Cascade.
Ōmiya Station (Saitama)
Ōmiya Station (大宮駅, Ōmiya-eki) is a major interchange railway station in Ōmiya-ku, Saitama, Japan, jointly operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Saitama New Urban Transit and private railway operator Tōbu Railway. It is the busiest JR East station in Saitama Prefecture.

Shin-Kiba Station
Shin-Kiba Station (新木場駅, Shin-kiba-eki) is a railway station in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan, operated jointly by Tokyo Metro, East Japan Railway Company (JR East), and Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit (TWR).
Derek B
Derek Boland (15 January 1965 – 15 November 2009), better known by his stage name Derek B, was a British rapper. His most commercially successful releases were "Goodgroove" and "Bad Young Brother" in 1988.

Simon Harris (musician)
Simon Harris (10 September 1962 – 13 February 2026) was a British music producer, DJ, remixer and electronic musician from London, predominantly known for his 1988 hit song "Bass (How Low Can You Go?)". He was also the founder of the hip hop label Music of Life and produced much of its catalogue.
Mount Wutai
Mount Wutai, also known by its Chinese name Wutaishan and as Mount Qingliang, is a sacred Buddhist site at the headwaters of the Qingshui in Shanxi Province, China. Its central area is surrounded by a cluster of flat-topped peaks or mesas roughly corresponding to the cardinal directions. The north peak (Beitai Ding or Yedou Feng) is the highest (3,061 m or 10,043 ft from sea) and is also the highest point in North China.

As host to over 53 sacred monasteries, Mount Wutai is home to many of China's most important monasteries and temples.  It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2009 and named a AAAAA tourist attraction by China's National Tourism Administration in 2007.

Xiantong Temple
The Xiantong Temple (simplified Chinese: 显通寺; traditional Chinese: 顯通寺; pinyin: Xiǎntōng Sì) is a Buddhist temple located in Taihuai Town of Wutai County, Shanxi, China. The temple covers a total area of about 80,000 square metres (860,000 sq ft), it preserves the basic architectural pattern of the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368–1912). The temple has over 400 buildings and the seven main halls along the central axis are the Guanyin Hall, Great Manjusri Hall, Great Buddha Hall, Wuliang Hall, Qianbo Hall, Copper Hall and Buddhist Texts Library. Mount Wutai has 47 Buddhist temples, it is the largest Buddhist complex in China, Xiantong Temple is the largest one with the longest history.
Next plc
Next plc, trading as Next and styled as NEXT, is a British multinational clothing, footwear, and home products retailer, which has its headquarters in Enderby, England. It has around 700 stores, of which about 500 are in the United Kingdom, and 200 across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. Next is the largest clothing retailer by sales in the United Kingdom, having overtaken Marks & Spencer in early 2012, and then again in 2014.

Superdry & Co
Superdry Limited (formerly stylised as SUPERDRY®︎冒険魂) is a British clothing company, and owner of the Superdry & Co label. Superdry products traditionally combine vintage American styling with Japanese-inspired graphics.

Founded in 2003, in its peak years, Superdry was a popular, status symbol high street fashion brand, sold in 157 countries, selling its clothes at high prices, and described as the "hottest fashion label on the high street". However, as of 2024, years of internal problems and falling sales have seen the brand in turmoil. The company was delisted from the London Stock Exchange in July 2024.

In 2025, the company rebranded to Superdry & Co.
Al-Aziz Billah
Abu Mansur Nizar (Arabic: أبو منصور نزار, romanized: Abū Manṣūr Nizār; 10 May 955 – 14 October 996), known by his regnal name as al-Aziz Billah (Arabic: العزيز بالله, romanized: al-ʿAzīz biʾllāh, lit. 'the Mighty One through God'), was the fifth caliph of the Fatimid dynasty, from 975 to his death in 996. His reign saw the capture of Damascus and the Fatimid expansion into the Levant, which brought al-Aziz into conflict with the Byzantine emperor Basil II over control of Aleppo. During the course of this expansion, al-Aziz took into his service large numbers of Turkic and Daylamite slave-soldiers, thereby breaking the near-monopoly on Fatimid military power held until then by the Kutama Berbers.

Jawhar (general)
Al-Qaid Jawhar ibn Abdallah (Arabic: جوهر  بن عبد الله, romanized: Jawhar ibn ʿAbd Allāh, better known as Jawhar  al Siqilli, al-Qaid al-Siqilli, "The Sicilian General", or al-Saqlabi, "The Slav" or the slave; born in Sicily and died 28 April 992) was a Fatimid general who led the conquest of Maghreb, and subsequently the conquest of Egypt, for the 4th Fatimid Imam-Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah. He served as viceroy of Egypt until al-Mu'izz's arrival in 973, consolidating Fatimid control over the country. After that, he retired from public life until his death.

He is variously known with the nisbas al-Siqilli (Arabic: الصقلي, romanized: al-Ṣiqillī, lit. 'The Sicilian'), al-Saqlabi (Arabic: الصقلبي, lit. The Slav or the slave), al-Rumi (Arabic: الرومي, romanized: al-Rūmī, lit. 'the Roman'); and with the titles al-Katib (Arabic: الكَاتِب, romanized: al-Kātib, lit. 'the Secretary') and al-Qa'id (Arabic: القائد, romanized: al-Qāʾid, lit. 'the General').
Mikey Nicholls
Michael Nicholls (born 20 August 1985), better known by his ring name Mikey Nicholls, is an Australian professional wrestler. He works for New Japan Pro-Wrestling, where he is a member of The Mighty Don't Kneel (TMDK).

He is best known for his work in Pro Wrestling Noah, where, with Shane Haste, he is a former two-time GHC Tag Team Champion. In NJPW, he is a one-time IWGP Tag Team Champion and a two-time Strong Openweight Tag Team Champion with Haste. He has also wrestled in the United States for WWE in their promotion NXT (as Nick Miller), Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG) and Ring of Honor (ROH).

Kosei Fujita
Kosei Fujita (Japanese: 藤田 晃生, Fujita Kosei; born July 14, 2002) is a Japanese professional wrestler. He is signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he is a member of The Mighty Don't Kneel stable and a two-time and current IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champion, with Robbie Eagles.
North–South Expressway Southern Route
The North–South Expressway Southern Route (Malay: Lebuhraya Utara–Selatan Jajaran Selatan) is an interstate controlled-access highway running parallel to the southwestern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The expressway forms the south section of the North–South Expressway, connecting the states of Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca and Johor. It begins at Seri Kembangan, near the state/territory boundary between Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, and travels southwards to end at Pandan-Tebrau in Johor.

The expressway is the third longest in Peninsular Malaysia, after its northern counterpart and the East Coast Expressway.

The Kilometre Zero of the entire expressway is located at the Pandan Interchange with the Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway.

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
Armenian language
Armenian (endonym: հայերեն, hayeren, pronounced [hɑjɛˈɾɛn] ⓘ) is the sole member of an independent branch in the Indo-European language family. It is the native language of the Armenian people and the official language of Armenia. Historically spoken in the Armenian highlands, today Armenian is also widely spoken throughout the Armenian diaspora. Armenian is written in its own writing system, the Armenian alphabet, introduced in 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots. The estimated number of Armenian speakers worldwide is between five and seven million.

Goghtn
Goght’n (Armenian: Գողթն; also mentioned in sources as Goght’an, Գողթան, and alternatively transliterated as Gołt῾n) was a canton (gavar’) located in the province of Vaspurakan in historical Armenia. Its borders roughly corresponded to the modern Ordubad Rayon of Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan.

Goght’n was well known for winemaking, the quality of its grape and fruit orchards. The region also was the birthplace of a number of prominent Armenian gusans (minstrels). The ancestors of the renowned twentieth-century Armenian composer and music ethnologist Komitas Vardapet were originally from Goght’n. Some of the region's oldest towns and villages have survived to this day, including Jugha (now Julfa) and Ordvat’ (modern-day Ordubad).
Bob Boone
Robert Raymond Boone (born November 19, 1947) is an American former catcher and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB) who was a four-time All-Star.

Born in San Diego, California, he is the son of MLB player Ray Boone, and he is the father of two major leaguers: Bret Boone and Aaron Boone. All four family members were named All-Stars during their careers.

Gary Pettis
Gary George Pettis (born April 3, 1958) is an American former professional baseball center fielder and third base coach. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1982 to 1992 for the California Angels, Detroit Tigers, Texas Rangers, and San Diego Padres. Pettis won five Gold Glove Awards and finished in the top ten in stolen bases in the American League seven times.
Morehouse Parish, Louisiana
Morehouse Parish (French: Paroisse de Morehouse) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,629. The parish seat is Bastrop. The parish was formed in 1844.

Morehouse Parish comprises the Bastrop, LA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Monroe–Ruston–Bastrop, LA Combined Statistical Area.

Lincoln Parish, Louisiana
Lincoln Parish (French: Paroisse de Lincoln) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,396. The parish was created on February 24, 1873, from parts of Bienville, Claiborne, Union, and Jackson parishes, and its boundaries have changed only once (in 1877). This makes Lincoln Parish one of the Reconstruction parishes.

The parish seat was Vienna from the parish's creation in 1873 until 1884, when a parish-wide vote moved it to the new railroad town of Ruston.

Lincoln Parish comprises the Ruston micropolitan statistical area.
Santa Cruz, Madeira
Santa Cruz (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ ˈkɾuʃ] ⓘ; "Holy Cross") is a municipality, a parish and a city in the eastern part of the island of Madeira. It is the second most populous municipality, behind Funchal. The population in 2011 was 43,005, in an area of 81.50 km2.

Together for the People
Together for the People (Portuguese: Juntos pelo Povo, JPP) is a political party operating primarily in Madeira. Its founding principles are Unity, Transparency and Resistance, as evidenced by its symbol. It was legalised by the Portuguese Constitutional Court on 27 January 2015.
Armand Borel
Armand Borel (21 May 1923 – 11 August 2003) was a Swiss mathematician, born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, and was a permanent professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, United States from 1957 to 1993. He worked in algebraic topology, in the theory of Lie groups, and was one of the creators of the contemporary theory of linear algebraic groups.

Mathematical Reviews
Mathematical Reviews is a journal published by the American Mathematical Society (AMS) that contains brief synopses, and in some cases evaluations, of many articles in mathematics, statistics, and theoretical computer science. The AMS also publishes an associated online bibliographic database called MathSciNet, which contains an electronic version of Mathematical Reviews.
Sears
Sears, Roebuck and Co., commonly known as Sears (/sɪərz/ SEERZ), is an American chain of department stores and online retailer. The company was founded in 1892 by Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck and reincorporated in 1906 by Richard Sears and Julius Rosenwald. The company began as a mail-order catalog company and opened its first retail locations in 1925. Through the 1980s, Sears was the largest retailer in the United States.

In 2005, Eddie Lampert took control of the company through Kmart. The merger resulted in Sears Holdings. Sears's parent company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on October 15, 2018. After the bankruptcy, Transformco has shifted focus onto managing and selling off the remaining real estate assets.

From 2705 stores at its peak in 2011, only five stores are still open in the U.S. as of December 2025.

Namdar Realty Group
Namdar Realty Group is a private, family-owned real estate investment trust based in Great Neck, New York. As of 2021, the company owns over 400 properties.

The company is most well-known for its ownership of over 100 shopping malls. Namdar's mall portfolio largely consists of "class B" and "class C" malls in small-to-midsize markets, many of which have been classified as dead or dying. The company has been criticized for poor management of its mall properties, particularly in terms of deferred maintenance, being described in one lawsuit as an "absentee landlord with a reputation as a 'slumlord'".
Breathe Carolina
Breathe Carolina are an American electronic music duo from Denver. The duo formed in 2007 consisting of David Schmitt and Kyle Even. They later expanded to a full band whose best-known lineup was Schmitt, Even, drummer Eric Armenta, keytarist Joshua Aragon, and DJ Luis Bonet. In 2013, Even left the group, while Tommy Cooperman joined that year.

Breathe Carolina is composed of Schmitt and Cooperman. The band has released five studio albums: It's Classy, Not Classic (2008), Hello Fascination (2009), Hell Is What You Make It (2011), Savages (2014) and Dead: The Album (2019). Their hit single "Blackout" was certified platinum in the United States.

Electronic rock
Electronic rock (also known as synth rock and electro rock) is a music genre that involves a combination of rock music and electronic music, featuring instruments typically found within both genres. It originates from the late 1960s when rock bands began incorporating electronic instrumentation into their music. Electronic rock acts usually fuse elements from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno and synth-pop, which has helped spur subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk and electroclash.
2002 Russian census
The 2002 Russian census (Russian: Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да) was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics (Rosstat).

Luzhsky District
Luzhsky District (Russian: Лу́жский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Gatchinsky District in the north, Tosnensky District in the northeast, Novgorodsky and Batetsky Districts of Novgorod Oblast in the southeast, Shimsky District, also of Novgorod Oblast, in the south, Plyussky District of Pskov Oblast in the southwest, Slantsevsky District in the west, and Volosovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 6,006.44 square kilometers (2,319.10 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Luga. Population (excluding the administrative center): 40,166 (2010 Census); 41,885 (2002 Census); 48,721 (1989 Soviet census).