hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reaction formation
In psychoanalytic theory, reaction formation (German: Reaktionsbildung) is a defense mechanism in which emotions, desires and impulses that are anxiety-producing or unacceptable to the ego are mastered by exaggeration of the directly opposing tendency.

Regression (psychology)
In psychoanalytic theory, regression is a defense mechanism involving the reversion of the ego to an earlier stage of psychosexual development, as a reaction to an overwhelming external problem or internal conflict.

Sigmund Freud invoked the notion of regression in relation to his theory of dreams (1900) and sexual perversions (1905), but the concept itself was first elaborated in his paper "The Disposition to Obsessional Neurosis" (1913). In 1914, he added a paragraph to The Interpretation of Dreams that distinguished three kinds of regression, which he called topographical regression, temporal regression, and formal regression.
Hawke's Bay cricket team
The Hawke's Bay cricket team, representing the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, played first-class cricket between 1883–84 and 1920–21, and competed in the Plunket Shield in the 1914–15 and 1920–21 seasons. The side has continued to appear in minor cricket and is one of the 21 teams from around New Zealand that compete in the Hawke Cup, where it was the dominant team from 2020 to 2024.

Wairarapa cricket team
The Wairarapa cricket team represents the Wairarapa region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is one of the 21 teams from around New Zealand that compete in the Hawke Cup. Its base is in Masterton.
149th Fighter Squadron
The 149th Fighter Squadron is a unit of the Virginia Air National Guard's 192d Fighter Wing located at Joint Base Langley–Eustis, Virginia. The 149th is the first Air National Guard fighter squadron to fly the F-22 Raptor.

352nd Fighter Group
The 352nd Fighter Group was a unit of the Eighth Air Force that was located in the European Theater of Operations during World War II.
 The unit served as bomber escort, counter-air patrols, and attacking ground targets. It initially flew P-47 Thunderbolt aircraft before converting to P-51 Mustang in April 1944. The group was located at RAF Bodney in England for the majority of its service and were nicknamed the Blue-nosed Bastards of Bodney due to the distinctive blue of the nose and upper cowl of the P-51 Mustangs of the group.
Université Laval
Université Laval is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.

École nationale d'administration publique
The École nationale d'administration publique (French pronunciation: [ekɔl nɑsjɔnal dadministʁɑsjɔ̃ pyblik]; "National School of Public Administration"; abbr. ENAP) is a graduate school in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. It was established in 1969 by the Quebec provincial government as a means of encouraging people to study professional public administration during a period when a number of social and structural changes were taking place within the province.  The enabling legislation is An Act respecting educational institutions at the university level.

The school is unique in that it is partly a pragmatic learning environment geared to educating Quebecers for positions within the public administration and partly a traditional university. ENAP has five campuses throughout Quebec, with two major campuses in Quebec City and Montreal, and three campuses in Gatineau, Saguenay, and Trois-Rivières.
Maltese FA Trophy
The FA Trophy, currently known as the Meridianbet FA Trophy for sponsorship reasons, is an annual football cup competition that takes place in Malta. The cup was founded in 1933; following a match between England and Italy, played in Rome in May 1933, to where a number of pro-British Maltese supporters travelled to support the English side. The Football Association as recognition donated a silver trophy to be played on the model of the FA Cup.

The team who wins the cup wins a place in the First qualifying round of the UEFA Conference League. This competition is now played on a knock-out basis between all the senior clubs in the Maltese and Gozitan football pyramids. The cup winners play a match for the Maltese Super Cup against the league champions of the season.

Balzan F.C.
Balzan Football Club is a Maltese professional football club from the village of Balzan that competes in the Maltese Challenge League, the second tier of Maltese football. The club was founded as Balzan Youths in 1937 and played in the top division between 2010 and 2025. They were renamed Balzan FC in June 2012.

Balzan has qualified for the UEFA Europa League for five consecutive seasons (2015–16 to 2019–20). The club finished as runners-up in the Maltese Premier League in the 2016–17 and 2017–18 seasons and were finalists of the 2015–16 Maltese FA Trophy, which they lost on penalties to Sliema Wanderers after a goalless draw in the regular time. In May 2019, the club finally won its first major honour, the 2018–19 Maltese FA Trophy, after defeating Valletta on penalties in the final.
Kxng Crooked
Dominick Antron Wickliffe (born September 23, 1976), better known by his stage name Kxng Crooked, (stylised as KXNG Crooked and pronounced "King Crooked"; formerly Crooked I) is an American rapper from Long Beach, California. He formed the hip hop supergroup Slaughterhouse with fellow rappers Joe Budden, Joell Ortiz and Royce da 5'9" in 2008, with whom he released two studio albums —  Slaughterhouse (2009) and Welcome to: Our House (2012) — before disbanding in 2018. The latter was released by Eminem's Shady Records, an imprint of Interscope Records, although Wickliffe's solo albums have been released independently.

He founded the record labels Dynasty Entertainment and C.O.B. Digital, and is Senior Vice President of Treacherous Records. Prior, he signed with Virgin Records and Death Row Records, but released no projects with both labels. In 2022, he formed the rap duo Crook and Joell with former Slaughterhouse bandmate Ortiz; they have released three studio albums.

Pharoahe Monch
Troy Donald Jamerson (born October 31, 1968), better known by his stage name Pharoahe Monch, is an American rapper known for his complex lyrics, intricate delivery, and internal and multisyllabic rhyme schemes.
Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.

St Matthew Passion
The St Matthew Passion (German: Matthäuspassion), BWV 244, is a Passion, a sacred oratorio written by Johann Sebastian Bach in 1727 for solo voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander. It sets the 26th and 27th chapters of the Gospel of Matthew (in the Luther Bible) to music, with interspersed chorales and arias. It is widely regarded as one of the masterpieces of Baroque sacred music. The original Latin title Passio Domini nostri J.C. secundum Evangelistam Matthæum translates to "The Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ according to the Evangelist Matthew".
Batholith
A batholith (from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús), meaning "deep", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone") is a large mass of intrusive igneous rock (also called plutonic rock), larger than 100 km2 (40 sq mi) in area, that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's crust. Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic or intermediate rock types, such as granite, quartz monzonite, or diorite (see also granite dome).

Granodiorite
Granodiorite (/ˌɡrænoʊˈdaɪ.əraɪt, ˌɡrænəˈ-/ GRAN-oh-DY-ə-ryte, GRAN-ə-) is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar.

The term banatite is sometimes used informally for various rocks ranging from granite to diorite, including granodiorite. The term granodiorite was first used by G. F. Becker (1893) to describe granitic rocks in the Sierra Nevada, United States.
Bard
In Celtic cultures, a bard is an oral repository and professional story teller, verse-maker, music composer, oral historian and genealogist, employed by a patron (such as a monarch or chieftain) to commemorate one or more of the patron's ancestors and to praise the patron's own activities.

With the decline of a living bardic tradition in the modern period, the term has loosened to mean a generic minstrel or author (especially a famous one). For example, William Shakespeare and Rabindranath Tagore are respectively known as "the Bard of Avon" (often simply "the Bard") and "the Bard of Bengal". In 16th-century Scotland, it turned into a derogatory term for an itinerant musician; nonetheless it was later romanticised by Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832).

Scottish Gaelic literature
Scottish Gaelic literature refers to literary works composed in the Scottish Gaelic language, which is, like Irish and Manx, a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Gaelic literature was also composed in Gàidhealtachd communities throughout the global Scottish diaspora where the language has been and is still spoken.
1948 Quebec general election
The 1948 Quebec general election was held on July 28, 1948, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada. The incumbent Union Nationale, led by Maurice Duplessis, won re-election, defeating the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Adélard Godbout.

This was the third time (and the second in a row) that Duplessis led his party to a general election victory.

It was Godbout's third (and final) loss to Duplessis in a general election, and the second in a row. He had won one victory against Duplessis years earlier in the 1939 election.  In this election, the Liberals fared particularly poorly, reduced to only 8 seats, although their share of the popular vote was around 36%.

1936 Quebec general election
The 1936 Quebec general election was held on August 17, 1936, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Union Nationale, led by Maurice Duplessis, defeated the incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Adélard Godbout.

This marked the end of slightly more than 39 consecutive years in power for the Liberals, who had governed Quebec since the 1897 election.

This 1936 election had been called less than one year after the 1935 election after Liberal premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau resigned because of a scandal. He was replaced by Godbout as Liberal leader and premier.

This was Duplessis's first term in office. After losing the subsequent 1939 election, he later won four more general elections in a row, and became the dominant politician of his time. It was also the Union Nationale's first election, having been formed from a merger between the Action libérale nationale and the Quebec Conservative Party.
Lobster
Lobsters are malacostracan decapod crustaceans of the family Nephropidae or its synonym Homaridae. They have long bodies with muscular tails and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, which are usually much larger than the others. Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important and are often one of the most profitable commodities in the coastal areas they populate.

Commercially important species include two species of Homarus from the northern Atlantic Ocean and scampi (which look more like a shrimp, or a "mini lobster")—the Northern Hemisphere genus Nephrops and the Southern Hemisphere genus Metanephrops.

Barnacle
Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebrates; many species live in shallow and tidal waters. Some 2,100 species have been described.

Barnacle adults are sessile; most are suspension feeders with hard calcareous shells, but the Rhizocephala are specialized parasites of other crustaceans, with reduced bodies. Barnacles have existed since at least the mid-Carboniferous, some 325 million years ago.

In folklore, barnacle geese were once held to emerge fully formed from goose barnacles. Both goose barnacles and the Chilean giant barnacle are fished and eaten. Barnacles are economically significant as biofouling on ships, where they cause hydrodynamic drag, reducing efficiency. In culture, Barnacle Bill became a comic folktype of a seaman, appearing in several films and a drinking song.
Crime fiction
Crime fiction, detective story, murder mystery, crime novel, mystery novel, and police novel are terms used to describe narratives or fiction that centre on criminal acts and especially on the investigation, either by an amateur or a professional detective, of a crime, often a murder. Most crime drama focuses on criminal investigation and does not feature the courtroom. Suspense and mystery are key elements that are nearly ubiquitous to the genre.

It is usually distinguished from mainstream fiction and other genres such as historical fiction and science fiction, but the boundaries are indistinct. Crime fiction has several subgenres, including detective fiction (such as the whodunit), courtroom drama, hard-boiled fiction, and legal thrillers.

Inspector Rebus
The Inspector Rebus books are a series of detective novels by the Scottish author Ian Rankin. The novels, centred on Detective Inspector John Rebus, are mostly based in and around Edinburgh. They are considered an important contribution to  'Tartan Noir'.
Carlos Arias Navarro
Carlos Arias Navarro, 1st Marquess of Arias Navarro (11 December 1908 – 27 November 1989),  was the Prime Minister of Spain during the final years of the Francoist dictatorship and the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy.

Arias Navarro was a hardline politician and was involved in the White Terror, having signed thousands of death warrants during the dismantling of the Spanish Republic. Later, he was a more moderate leader during his premiership.

Torcuato Fernández-Miranda
Torcuato Fernández-Miranda y Hevia, 1st Duke of Fernández-Miranda (10 November 1915 – 19 June 1980) was a Spanish lawyer and politician who played important roles in both the Spanish State of Francisco Franco and in the Spanish transition to democracy.

Fernández Miranda was born in Gijón, Asturias, on Spain's north coast, in 1915. He died of a heart attack in 1980 while traveling to London.
Javelin throw
The javelin throw is a track and field event where the javelin, a spear about 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) in length, is thrown as far as possible. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running within a predetermined area. Javelin throwing is an event of both the men's decathlon and the women's heptathlon.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's javelin throw
The men's javelin throw event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place on 4 and 7 August 2021 at the Japan National Stadium. Approximately 35 athletes competed; the exact number depended on how many nations use universality places to enter athletes in addition to the 32 qualifying through distance or ranking (one universality place was used in 2016).
Administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county seat or town, or the place where the central administration of a commune or equivalent subdivision, is located.

In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a chef-lieu (French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø], pl. chefs-lieux, lit. 'chief place'  or 'main place') is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective.

Vologodsky District
Vologodsky District (Russian: Волого́дский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Ust-Kubinsky and Sokolsky Districts in the northeast, Mezhdurechensky District in the east, Gryazovetsky District in the southeast, Poshekhonsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southwest, Sheksninsky District in the west, and with Kirillovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 4,500 square kilometers (1,700 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Vologda (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 50,438 (2010 Census); 50,956 (2002 Census); 64,946 (1989 Soviet census). As of 2010, Vologodsky District was the most populous among all the districts of Vologda Oblast.
Roy Padilla Sr.
Casimero "Roy" Bustamante Padilla Sr. (Tagalog pronunciation: [paˈdilja]; March 4, 1926 – January 17, 1988) was a Filipino politician and actor who served as governor of the province of Camarines Norte from 1986 until his assassination in 1988 as a member of Corazon Aquino's UNIDO ticket. He was succeeded by his son, Roy Padilla Jr. He briefly went on to use the name "Carlos Roy Padilla" on his earlier brief stint as an actor and director.

BB Gandanghari
Binibini "BB" Gandanghari (Tagalog pronunciation: [paˈdɪl.ja]; formerly Rustom Padilla; born September 4, 1967) is a Filipino-American actress, model, entertainer, comedian, and director.

She is the elder sibling of Robin Padilla and the younger sibling of Royette and Rommel Padilla, all of whom are actors. Gandanghari enjoyed success in Philippine films in the early 1990s (as "Rustom Padilla"), before taking a hiatus in 2001.

She returned to prominence in 2006 when she joined the Pinoy Big Brother Celebrity Edition where she came out as a gay male after 44 days. She would later came out as a transgender woman in 2009 when she adopted her current name and became an American citizen in 2022.
Line 10 (Beijing Subway)
Line 10 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁10号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě shíhào xiàn) is the second loop line in Beijing's rapid transit network as well as the second longest and most widely used line. The line is 57.024 km (35.433 mi) in length, and runs entirely underground through Haidian, Chaoyang and Fengtai Districts, either directly underneath or just beyond the 3rd Ring Road. The Line 10 loop is situated between 2 and 6 kilometres (1.243 and 3.728 mi) outside the Line 2 loop, and intersects with every subways line through the city centre, with 24 transfer stations and 45 stations in all. The line's color is capri.

Upon completion in May 2013, it held the record as the world's longest rapid transit loop line, an accolade it held until March 2023. It remains one of the longest entirely underground subway lines in the world, requiring 104 minutes to complete one full journey in either direction.

Line 12 (Beijing Subway)
Line 12 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁12号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě shí'èr hàoxiàn) is rapid transit line in Beijing. The line is 27.5 km (17.1 mi) with 20 stations. It is fully underground and is colored brown on maps. The line between Sijiqing Qiao and Dongbabei opened on December 15, 2024.
Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.

Oelwein, Iowa
Oelwein is a city in Fayette County, Iowa, United States. The population was 5,920 at the time of the 2020 census, a decrease of 11.5% from the 2000 census. The largest community in Fayette County, it is located at the junction of State Highways 3 and 150.
Abha Club
Abha Football Club (Arabic: نادي أبها) is a professional Saudi football club based in Abha that is currently playing in the Saudi First Division League, the second tier of Saudi football.

They were first promoted to the top flight in 2005 when they finished as runners up in the First Division. However, they were relegated after just one season. They achieved their second promotion in 2008 when they also finished as runners up. During the 2018–19 season Abha won their first First Division title as well as promotion to the Pro League for the third in the club's history. Abha have won the Saudi Third Division League once, during the 1998–99 season and the Saudi Second Division League once, during the 1999–2000 season.

The club play their home games at Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz Sports City (also known as Al-Mahalah) in Abha. They share the stadium with rivals Damac, with whom they contest the Asir derby.

Al-Tai FC
Al-Tai Football Club (Arabic: نادي الطائي, lit. Tayy Club) is a Saudi Arabian professional football club based in the city of Hail, in north-western Saudi Arabia, that competes in the Saudi First Division League, the second tier of the Saudi football league system.
Anatoli Nenartovich
Anatoli Nenartovich (Russian: Анато́лий Ненарто́вич; 10 July 1915 – 1 January 1988) was a Soviet Russian painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad and known as representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes with  a road building works scenes.

Valentina Monakhova
Valentina Vasilievna Monakhova (Russian: Валенти́на Васи́льевна Мона́хова; born 23 August 1932 in Leningrad, USSR) is a Soviet Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, living and working in Saint Petersburg regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.
Tonic water
Tonic water is a carbonated soft drink in which quinine is dissolved. Originally used as a prophylactic against malaria, modern tonic water typically has a significantly lower quinine content and is often more sweetened than the original medicinal form. It is consumed for its distinctive bitter flavour.

Ginger ale
Ginger ale is a carbonated soft drink (not an ale) flavoured with ginger. It is consumed on its own or used as a mixer, often with spirit-based drinks. There are two main types of ginger ale. The golden style is credited to the Irish doctor Thomas Joseph Cantrell. The dry style (also called the pale style), a paler drink with a much milder ginger flavour, was created by Canadian John McLaughlin.