hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Fourth Fleet
The U.S. Fourth Fleet is a United States Navy numbered fleet. It is the Naval Component Command of U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM). The Fourth Fleet is headquartered at Naval Station Mayport in Jacksonville, Florida. It is responsible for U.S. Navy ships, aircraft and submarines operating in the Caribbean Sea, and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans around Central and South America.

Rear admiral (United States)
A rear admiral is one of two distinct ranks of commissioned officers in four of the uniformed services of the United States; "rear admiral (lower half)", a one-star flag officer, and "rear admiral", a two-star flag officer. The two ranks are only utilized by the United States Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the U.S. Maritime Service. In contrast, in most other nations' rank-bearing services the term "rear admiral" refers exclusively to two-star flag officer rank.
Sea snail
Sea snails are slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the absence of a visible shell.

Ancillariidae
The Ancillariidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Olivoidea. They are gastropods, which belong to the larger group of mollusks. This family is part of the superfamily Cypraeoidea, which includes cowries, a well-known group of sea snails.
Patrick Labyorteaux
Patrick Francis Labyorteaux (born July 22, 1965) is an American actor. In many of his earlier credits, his last name is spelled as "Laborteaux". He is best known for his roles of Andrew "Andy" Garvey on the NBC series Little House on the Prairie as well as Bud Roberts on the CBS series JAG and NCIS.

Harmon Rabb
Harmon 'Harm' Rabb Jr. is a fictional character and lead role in the American television series JAG. The character was created by Donald P. Bellisario, as a work for hire for Paramount Television, in the script for the JAG pilot episode, which was filmed and then aired by NBC on September 23, 1995.

Harm is introduced as a lieutenant in the United States Navy serving as a judge advocate, but it is revealed that he has a background as a naval aviator. The viewer follows his naval career and personal life from that point as the series progresses. With the longevity of JAG, plenty of information on his past life and previous military service is given at various points in the series. JAG ended its ten-year run on April 29, 2005.
Laura Pigossi
Laura Pigossi Herrmann de Andrade (Portuguese: [ˈlawɾɐ piˈɡɔsi]; born 2 August 1994) is a Brazilian professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of No. 100 by the WTA, achieved on 29 August 2022 and a best doubles ranking of No. 80, reached on 1 December 2025. Her most notable achievement was a bronze medal at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in doubles, with countrywoman Luisa Stefani.

Pigossi plays mostly on the WTA Challenger Tour, where she has won one title in singles and three in doubles. On the ITF Circuit, she earned nine singles and 43 doubles titles.

Playing for Brazil Billie Jean King Cup team since 2013, Pigossi has a win-loss record of 9–9 in competition, as of September 2024.

Renata Zarazúa
Renata Zarazúa Ruckstuhl (Latin American Spanish: [reˈnata saɾaˈsu.a]; born 30 September 1997) is a Mexican professional tennis player. She reached a best singles ranking of world No. 51 on 25 November 2024, and peaked at No. 72 in the doubles rankings on 15 September 2025, the first Mexican woman to break in the top 100 in singles and in doubles.

Zarazúa has won three singles titles and one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour.
On the ITF Circuit, she has won six titles in singles and 17 in doubles.

In 2020, Zarazúa qualified for the main draw of the French Open, becoming the first Mexican female tennis player to compete in the main draw of a major in 20 years. On the WTA Tour, her biggest result to date was reaching the semifinals of the 2020 Mexican Open.

Playing for Mexico, Zarazúa has a win–loss record of 17–13 in BJK Cup competition (as of August 2025).
Aristolochiaceae
The Aristolochiaceae (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkiəsii/) are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with eight genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is Aristolochia L.

Saururaceae
Saururaceae is a plant family comprising four genera and seven species of herbaceous flowering plants native to eastern and southern Asia and North America. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is sometimes known as the "lizard's-tail family". The APG IV system (2016; unchanged from the 2009 APG III system, the 2003 APG II system and the 1998 APG system) assigned it to the order Piperales in the clade magnoliids.
Austria men's national under-18 ice hockey team
The Austria men's national under-18 ice hockey team is the men's national under-18 ice hockey team of Austria. The team is controlled by the Austrian Ice Hockey Association, a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. The team represents Austria at the IIHF World U18 Championships.

Slovenia men's national under-18 ice hockey team
The Slovenia men's national under-18 ice hockey team is the men's national under-18 ice hockey team of Slovenia. The team is controlled by the Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia, which is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. The team represents Slovenia at the IIHF World U18 Championships.
Fynbos
Fynbos (/ˈfeɪnbɒs/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈfəinbɔs], lit. 'fine bush') is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. The area is predominantly coastal and mountainous, with a Mediterranean climate.

The fynbos ecoregion is within the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome. In fields related to biogeography, fynbos is known for its exceptional degree of biodiversity and endemism, consisting of about 80% (8,500 fynbos) species of the Cape floral kingdom, where nearly 6,000 of them are endemic.

The area continues to face severe human-caused threats, but due to the many economic uses of the fynbos, conservation efforts are being made to help restore it.

Olifants River (Western Cape)
The Olifants River (Afrikaans: Olifantsrivier) is a river in the northwestern area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The upper and main catchment area of the Olifants river is around Ceres and the Cederberg mountains. The Clanwilliam and Bulshoek dams are located on the river and provide water for the towns and farms along the watercourse.  The river is approximately 285 km long with a catchment area of 46,220 km2. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean at Papendorp, 250 km north of Cape Town.
TVB
Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB; Chinese: 電視廣播有限公司) is a Hong Kong television network that began broadcasting on 19 November 1967. It operates five free-to-air terrestrial television channels, with TVB Jade as its main Cantonese service, and TVB Pearl as its main English service. Since 2003, TVB has been headquartered at TVB City in the Tseung Kwan O Industrial Estate. Historically a cultural powerhouse in the Chinese-speaking world, TVB is known for its television dramas, the Miss Hong Kong and Miss Chinese International pageants, and for launching the careers of many Hong Kong actors and artists.

Au-yeung Tsan-wah
Au-yeung Tsan-wah (Chinese: 歐陽震華, born 28 July 1960), earlier known as Bobby Au-yeung Tsan Wah, is a Hong Kong actor best known for his comedic roles in many TVB television dramas. He gained wide public attention in the 1990s for his portrayal of Ben Yu in the 1991 legal drama File of Justice, appearing in all five seasons. Au-Yeung is also known for his lead roles in several of TVB's most successful television series franchises, including Armed Reaction, Witness to a Prosecution, and Forensic Heroes. He is most recognised by TV audiences for his shaved head.
Dour, Belgium
Dour (French pronunciation: [duʁ]; Picard: Doû) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

On 1 January 2006 the municipality had 16,810 inhabitants. The total area is 33.32 km2, giving a population density of 505 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Blaugies, Dour, Élouges, and Wihéries.

Dour is often considered the western end of the sillon industriel, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia.

Since 1989, Dour has hosted the annual Dour Festival, a music festival covering various genres.

Le Samyn
Le Samyn is an annual single-day road bicycle race in Belgium, held usually in late February or early March. The event was first held in 1968 as a men's race; since 2012, there is a men's edition (Le Samyn des Hommes) and a women's edition (Le Samyn des Dames) held on the same day. It is named after José Samyn, the race's first winner, who died in 1969.

Johan Capiot holds the men's record and Chantal van den Broek-Blaak holds the women's record for most victories, each with three.
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxa ranked above species are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe.

In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is sometimes divided into subtribes; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina".

In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae".

In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the genus name Pseudomonas.

Corypheae
Corypheae is a tribe of palm trees in the subfamily Coryphoideae. In previous classifications, tribe Corypheae included four subtribes: Coryphinae, Livistoninae, Thrinacinae and Sabalinae, but recent phylogenetic studies have led to the genera within these subtribes being transferred into other tribes (Chuniophoeniceae, Trachycarpeae, Cryosophileae and Sabaleae). Tribe Corypheae is now restricted to the genus Corypha alone.
Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in the smelting of iron ore, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.

The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude petroleum in petroleum refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes. It is the residue of a destructive distillation process.

Firebox (steam engine)
In a steam engine, the firebox is the area where the fuel is burned, producing heat to boil the water in the boiler.  Most are somewhat box-shaped, hence the name. The hot gases generated in the firebox are pulled through a rack of tubes running through the boiler.
Roman citizenship
Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, traditions, and cultural practices. There existed several different types of citizenship, determined by one's gender, class, and political affiliations, and the exact duties or expectations of a citizen varied throughout the history of the Roman Empire.

Nomen gentilicium
The nomen gentilicium (Latin pronunciation: [ɡɛntiːˈlikiũ]; or simply nomen) was a hereditary name borne by the peoples of Roman Italy and later by the citizens of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It was originally the name of one's gens (family or clan) by patrilineal descent. However, as Rome expanded its frontiers and non-Roman peoples were progressively granted citizenship and concomitant nomen, the latter lost its value in indicating patrilineal ancestry.

For men, the nomen was the middle of the tria nomina ("three names"), after the praenomen and before the cognomen. For women, the nomen was often the only name used until the late Republic. For example, three members of gens Julia were Gaius Julius Caesar and his sisters Julia Major and Julia Minor ("Julia the elder" and "Julia the younger").
1999
1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1999th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 999th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 99th  year of the 20th century, and the  10th  and last year of the 1990s decade.

1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons.

1985
1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1985th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 985th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 85th  year of the 20th century, and the  6th   year of the 1980s decade.

The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
European Men's Handball Championship
The European Men's Handball Championship is the official competition for senior men's national handball teams of Europe and takes place every two years since 1994, in the even-numbered year between the World Championship. In addition to crowning the European champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the Olympic Games and World Championship. The most successful team is Sweden who have won five titles. Spain and Denmark, however, have won most medals.

IHF World Men's Handball Championship
The IHF Men's Handball World Championship has been organized indoor by the International Handball Federation since 1938.

In the twenty-nine tournaments held, twelve national teams have won the title. France is the most successful team with six titles, followed by Sweden, Denmark and Romania with four titles each.

The current champion is Denmark, which won its fourth consecutive title at the 2025 tournament in Croatia, Denmark and Norway.
Army Cross
The Army Cross, post-nominal letters CM (Crux Militaria), is a military decoration which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa in 1987. It was awarded to members of the South African Army for bravery. The Army Cross was discontinued in 2003, but backdated awards can still be made for acts of bravery during this period.

Pro Merito Medal (1975)
The Pro Merito Medal of 1975, post-nominal letters PMM, is a military decoration which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa on 1 July 1975. It was awarded to other ranks of the South African Defence Force for exceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty, and was the non-commissioned officers' version of the Southern Cross Medal of 1975 (SM).
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).

Fire temple
A fire temple (Persian: آتشکده, romanized: ātashkade; Gujarati: અગિયારી, romanized: agiyārī) is a place of worship for Zoroastrians. In Zoroastrian doctrine, atar and aban (fire and water) are agents of ritual purity.

Clean, white "ash for the purification ceremonies [is] regarded as the basis of ritual life", which "are essentially the rites proper to the tending of a domestic fire, for the temple [fire] is that of the hearth fire raised to a new solemnity". For, one "who sacrifices unto fire with fuel in his hand ..., is given happiness".

As of 2021, there were 167 fire temples in the world, of which 45 were in Mumbai, 105 in the rest of India, and 17 in other countries. Of these, only nine (one in Iran and eight in India) are the main temples known as Atash Behrams; the remainder are the smaller temples known as agiaries.
Seungmin
Kim Seung-min (Korean: 김승민; born September 22, 2000), known mononymously as Seungmin, is a South Korean singer. He is a member of the South Korean boy band Stray Kids, formed by JYP Entertainment in 2017.

Additionally, Seungmin has served as an MC for After School Club and We K-Pop. He has contributed to various original soundtracks for K-dramas, including Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha, Love in Contract, The Midnight Studio and the television series The Potato Lab. He also recorded an original soundtrack for the web novel and webtoon I'm the Queen in this Life.

Changbin
Seo Chang-bin (Korean: 서창빈; born August 11, 1999) known mononymously as Changbin, is a South Korean rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is a member of the South Korean boy group Stray Kids, formed by JYP Entertainment in 2017. He is also a member of 3Racha, an in-house production team and sub-unit of Stray Kids.

Besides his contributions to Stray Kids, Changbin participated as a contestant in Show Me the Money 9 and has collaborated with various artists, including Yoon Ji-sung, Thai rappers F.Hero and Milli. Changbin became a full member of the Korea Music Copyright Association in February 2023.
Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.

Angular frequency
In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
Angular frequency (or angular speed) is the magnitude of the pseudovector quantity angular velocity.

Angular frequency can be obtained by multiplying rotational frequency, ν (or ordinary frequency, f) by a full turn (2π radians): ω = 2π rad⋅ν.
It can also be formulated as ω = dθ/dt, the instantaneous rate of change of the angular displacement, θ, with respect to time, t.
Sacred fire of Vesta
The sacred fire of Vesta was an eternal flame in ancient Rome dedicated to the goddess Vesta, protector of the hearth, home, and family.

The institution of the sacred fire was traditionally attributed to the legendary king Numa Pompilius in the 7th century BC.

Temple of Vesta
The Temple of Vesta, or the aedes (Latin Aedes Vestae; Italian: Tempio di Vesta), was an ancient edifice in Rome, Italy. It is located in the Roman Forum near the Regia and the House of the Vestal Virgins. The Temple of Vesta housed Vesta's holy fire, which was a symbol of Rome's safety and prosperity. The temple has a circular footprint, making it a tholos.

Since the worship of Vesta began in private homes, the architecture seems to pay homage to the architecture of early Roman homes. The temple's current, ruinous form employs elements of Greek architecture with Corinthian columns and marble. The sacred hearth was housed in a central cella. The surviving structure indicates that there were twenty Corinthian columns built on a podium fifteen meters in diameter. The roof probably had a vent at the apex to allow smoke to escape.
Park Forest, Illinois
Park Forest is a village and south suburb of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States, with a small southern portion in Will County. The village was originally designed by Loebl Schlossman & Bennett as a planned community for veterans returning from World War II. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 21,687.

Park Forest is bordered by Olympia Fields to the north, Chicago Heights to the east, University Park to the south, and Richton Park and Matteson to the west. The village has multiple public and private schools. In addition to the arts and culture scene including Tall Grass Arts Association and the Illinois Theatre Center, residents also have access to a myriad of recreational opportunities for both children and adults such as the Park Forest Aqua Center.

New Lenox, Illinois
New Lenox is a village in central Will County, Illinois, United States. It is a Southwest suburb of Chicago. The village population was 27,214 as of the 2020 census. New Lenox has schools like Lincoln-Way West High School, Providence Catholic High School, and Lincoln-Way Central High School.
Ludwigshafen
Ludwigshafen, officially Ludwigshafen am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌhaːfn̩ ʔam ˈʁaɪn] ⓘ; meaning "Ludwig's Port upon the Rhine"; Palatine German: Ludwichshafe or Lumpehafe), is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the river Rhine (Upper Rhine), opposite Mannheim. With Mannheim, Heidelberg, and the surrounding region, it forms the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region.

Known primarily as an industrial city, Ludwigshafen is home to BASF, the world's largest chemical producer, and other companies. Among its cultural facilities are the Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz.

It is the birthplace and death place of the former Chancellor of Germany, Helmut Kohl.

In 2012, Ludwigshafen was classified as a global city with 'Sufficiency' status by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC).

Bexbach
Bexbach (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛksˌbax] ⓘ) is a town in the Saarpfalz district, in Saarland, Germany. It is situated on the river Blies, approximatively 6 km east of Neunkirchen, and 25 km northeast of Saarbrücken. The Saarländisches Bergbaumuseum (Saarland Mining Museum) is located in the town.
2001 ICC Trophy
The 2001 ICC Trophy was a cricket tournament played in Ontario, Canada in 2001. It was the Cricket World Cup qualification tournament for the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Three spots in the World Cup were on offer and the Netherlands, host nation Canada and for the first time, Namibia qualified. Scotland failed to qualify after losing in the 3rd place play-off and finishing fourth. The Netherlands won the final against Namibia. As a result of the final, the Netherlands qualified for the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy.

By then, Bangladesh had been promoted to full Test and ODI status and did not take part in this competition. Kenya had also gained full ODI status, so both countries qualified for the 2003 Cricket World Cup automatically.

1997 ICC Trophy
The Carlsberg 1997 ICC Trophy was a cricket tournament played in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia between 24 March and 13 April 1997. It was the Cricket World Cup qualification tournament for the 1999 Cricket World Cup.

Bangladesh were the winners of the tournament, defeating Kenya in the final, while Scotland won the third place play-off. These three teams took the three available spots in the World Cup, Bangladesh and Scotland both qualifying for this tournament for the first time.

With some World Cup matches scheduled in Scotland and the Netherlands, Scotland would become the first Associate nation to play a home fixture in a World Cup. The Netherlands failed to qualify but World Cup matches were still held in the Netherlands.