hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
West Stockbridge, Massachusetts
West Stockbridge is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The town had a population of 1,343 at the time of the 2020 United States census. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Lenox, Massachusetts
Lenox is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The town is in Western Massachusetts and part of the Pittsfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 5,095 at the 2020 census. Lenox is the site of Shakespeare & Company and Tanglewood, summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Lenox includes the villages of New Lenox and Lenox Dale and the census-designated place of Lenox, and is a tourist destination during the summer.
Terceira Island
Terceira (Portuguese pronunciation: [tɨɾˈsɐjɾɐ]) is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago of Portugal, 1,181 km (734 mi) due west of Lisbon. It is one of the larger islands of the archipelago, with a population of 53,311 inhabitants in an area of approximately 396.75 km2 (153.19 sq mi).

Terceira is the location of the Azores' oldest city, Angra do Heroísmo, the historical capital of the archipelago and a UNESCO World Heritage Site; the seat of the judicial system (Supreme Court); and the main insular Portuguese Air Force base, Base Aérea nº 4 at Lajes, with a United States Air Force detachment.

Terceira island has two main sea ports, one at Angra do Heroísmo and the other at Praia da Vitória, and a commercial airport integrated with the flight operations at Lajes. Portuguese bullfighting is popular on the island, in two versions: the traditional equestrian bullfight (in the ring) and the popular "tourada à corda" that occurs in the streets.

Santa Maria Island
Santa Maria (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ mɐˈɾi.ɐ]; Portuguese for 'Saint Mary') is an island in the eastern group of the Azores archipelago (south of the island of São Miguel) and the southernmost island in the Azores. The island is known for its white sand beaches, distinctive chimneys, and dry warm weather.
Boris Korneev (painter)
Boris Vasilievich Korneev (Russian: Бори́с Васи́льевич Корне́ев; 15 February 1922 – 24 December 1973) was a Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre painting and portraits.

Nikolai Galakhov
Nikolai Nikolaevich Galakhov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Гала́хов; May 29, 1928 – March 1, 2022) was a Russian artist. He was an Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation). Living and working in Saint Petersburg, he was regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting, and is most famous for his landscape paintings.
John Galliano
John Charles Galliano CBE RDI (born 28 November 1960) is a British fashion designer. He was the creative director of his eponymous label John Galliano and French fashion houses Givenchy and Dior. From 2014 to 2024, Galliano was the creative director of Paris-based fashion house Maison Margiela. Galliano has been named British Designer of the Year four times. In a 2004 poll for the BBC, he was named the fifth most influential person in British culture.

Dries van Noten
Dries Van Noten (born 12 May 1958 in Antwerp), titled as Baron Van Noten since 2017, is a Belgian fashion designer and an eponymous fashion brand, which he co-founded with CEO and business partner Christine Mathys.
Team Penske
Team Penske (formerly known as Penske Racing) is an American professional auto racing organization that competes in the IndyCar Series, NASCAR Cup Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The team made its competitive debut at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona and has since participated in a wide range of professional motorsport disciplines, including Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Australia's Supercars Championship. Over the course of its history, Team Penske has amassed more than 500 race victories and secured over 40 championships across various categories of auto racing. The team operates as a division of Penske Corporation and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.

Wood Brothers Racing
Wood Brothers Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Cup Series. The team was formed in 1950 by brothers Ray Lee, Clay, Delano, Glen, and Leonard Wood. Today, it is owned by the children and grandchildren of Glen Wood—Len Wood, Eddie Wood, Kim Hall, Jon Wood, Jordan Hicks, Brent Wood and Keven Wood.  From 2006 to 2008, the team was merged with Tad and Jodi Geschickter's JTG Racing. The Wood Brothers Racing Team holds the unique distinction of being the oldest active team in NASCAR, having fielded cars since 1950. They are known for their long relationship with Ford Motor Company, and the long-standing use of the number 21 on their main car. The team currently fields the No. 21 Ford Mustang full-time for Josh Berry and has a technical alliance with Team Penske.
Quercus montana
Quercus montana, the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, Quercus sect. Quercus. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in southern Michigan. It is also sometimes called rock oak because of its presence in montane and other rocky habitats.

Quercus coccinea
Quercus coccinea, the scarlet oak, is a deciduous tree in the red oak section Lobatae of the genus Quercus, in the family Fagaceae.

It is primarily distributed in the central and eastern United States. It occurs on dry, sandy, usually acidic soil. It is often an important canopy species in oak–heath forests. The scarlet oak is the official tree of Washington, D.C.
The Queen of Spades (opera)
The Queen of Spades or Pique Dame, Op. 68 (Russian: Пиковая дама, Pikovaya dama listenⓘ, French: La Dame de Pique) is an opera in three acts (seven scenes) by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by the composer's brother Modest Tchaikovsky, based on the 1834 novella of the same name by Alexander Pushkin, but with a dramatically altered plot. The premiere took place in 1890 at the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

The Maid of Orleans (opera)
The Maid of Orleans (Russian: Орлеанская дева, romanized: Orleanskaja deva, lit. 'Virgin of Orleans' listenⓘ) is an opera in 4 acts, 6 scenes, by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. It was composed during 1878–1879 to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on several sources: Friedrich Schiller's The Maid of Orleans as translated by Vasily Zhukovsky; Jules Barbier's Jeanne d'Arc; Auguste Mermet's libretto for his own 1876 opera; and Henri Wallon's biography of Joan of Arc. Dedicated to conductor Eduard Nápravník, this work represents the composer's closest approach to French grand opera, albeit in the Russian language, notably with its inclusion of a ballet in act 2.
Paul Wall
Paul Michael Slayton (born March 11, 1981), better known by his stage name Paul Wall, is an American rapper and DJ. He was an early signee of the Houston-based record label Swishahouse in the late 1990s, through which he met labelmate Chamillionaire and released several albums, including the collaborative Get Ya Mind Correct (2002). By 2005, he signed with Atlantic Records to release his second album and major label debut, The Peoples Champ (2005), which debuted atop the Billboard 200. His third album, Get Money, Stay True (2007), peaked within the chart's top ten. His guest appearance on Nelly's 2005 single, "Grillz", yielded his furthest commercial success, as it peaked the Billboard Hot 100 and was nominated for Best Rap Performance as a Duo or Group at the 2007 Grammy Awards.

Devin the Dude
Devin Charles Copeland (born June 4, 1969), better known by his stage name Devin the Dude, is an American rapper from Houston, Texas, whose career has spanned multiple decades and helped shape Southern hip hop; he is widely regarded as a pioneer of stoner rap and an “everyman” storyteller associated with lifestyle-focused narratives. In 2025, he co-created Coughee by Devin the Dude, a hemp and cannabis-culture brand.
Richard Carapaz
Richard Antonio Carapaz Montenegro (born 29 May 1993) is an Ecuadorian professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam EF Education–EasyPost. Carapaz won the 2019 Giro d'Italia, becoming the first Ecuadorian rider to win the race. In July 2021, he won the gold medal in the road race at the 2020 Summer Olympics, becoming the first Ecuadorian cyclist to win a medal and only the second Ecuadorian in any sport to win a gold medal at the Olympic Games. In doing so, he became the first cyclist to achieve an Olympic road race gold medal and a podium finish in each of the three Grand Tours.

João Almeida (cyclist)
João Pedro Gonçalves Almeida (pronounced [ʒuˈɐ̃w alˈmɐjðɐ]; born 5 August 1998) is a Portuguese professional cyclist who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam UAE Team Emirates XRG.

Almeida rose to prominence during the 2020 Giro d'Italia, his Grand Tour debut, where he held the race leader's pink jersey for two weeks. Almeida finished the race fourth overall, the best finish at the race for a Portuguese rider. Almeida finished third at the Giro in 2023, also winning a stage and the young rider classification, and has won four UCI WorldTour stage races: the 2021 Tour de Pologne, 2025 Tour of the Basque Country, 2025 Tour de Romandie and 2025 Tour de Suisse.
Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.

Appenzell
Appenzell (German pronunciation: [ˈapn̩ˌtsɛl] ⓘ) was a canton in the northeast of Switzerland, and entirely surrounded by the canton of St. Gallen, in existence from 1403 to 1597.

Appenzell became independent of the Abbey of Saint Gall in 1403 and entered a league with the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1411, becoming a full member in 1513. It was divided into Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden in 1597 (in a process called the Landteilung) as a result of the Swiss Reformation.

The territory of Appenzell as a geographical entity is known as Appenzellerland. In political contexts, the two cantons (until 1999 half-cantons) are referred to as beide Appenzell ('both Appenzells').
1975 Stanley Cup Final
The 1975 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1974–75 season, and the culmination of the 1975 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Buffalo Sabres and the defending champion Philadelphia Flyers. The Flyers defeated the Sabres in six games to repeat as Stanley Cup champions, becoming the first expansion team to accomplish such a feat. This was the first Final to have two non-"Original Six" teams since the 1967 expansion, and also the first contested by any team that had joined the league after 1967 (the Sabres were part of the 1970 expansion). The 1975 Flyers are the last Stanley Cup championship team to be composed solely of Canadian players.

This was the only Final between 1965 and 1979 not to feature either the Boston Bruins or the Montreal Canadiens.

1974 Stanley Cup Final
The 1974 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1973–74 season, and the culmination of the 1974 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Boston Bruins and the Philadelphia Flyers. The Flyers made their first Finals appearance and the Bruins returned to the Finals for the third time in five years, having won the Stanley Cup in 1970 and 1972. The Flyers won the best-of-seven series, four games to two, becoming the first team from the 1967 Expansion to win the Stanley Cup, as well as the first non-Original Six Cup champion since the Montreal Maroons in 1935, and the first non Original Six team to appear in the finals since they stopped being guaranteed a spot after Chicago switched divisions in 1970.
Lazare Saminsky
Lazare Saminsky (born Lazar Semyonovich Saminsky (Russian: Лазарь (Элиэзер) Семенович Саминский; 27 October 1882 O.S. / 8 November N.S. – 30 June 1959) was a Russian-American performer, conductor and composer, especially of Jewish music.

Mikhail Gnessin
Mikhail Fabianovich Gnessin (Russian: Михаил Фабианович Гнесин; sometimes transcribed Gnesin; 2 February [O.S. 21 January] 1883 – 5 May 1957) was a Russian Jewish composer and teacher. Gnessin's works The Maccabeans and The Youth of Abraham earned him the nickname the "Jewish Glinka".
Šiauliai
Šiauliai (/ʃaʊˈleɪ/ show-LAY; Lithuanian: [ɕɛʊ̯ˈlʲɛɪ̯ˑ] ⓘ) is a city in northern Lithuania, the country's fourth largest city and the sixth largest city in the Baltic states, with a population of 112,581 in 2024. From 1994 to 2010, it was the capital of Šiauliai County.

Alytus
Alytus (Lithuanian: [ɐlʲiːˈtʊs] ⓘ) is a city with municipal rights in southern Lithuania. It is the sixth-largest city in Lithuania and the 14th-largest city in the Baltic states, and also the capital of Alytus County. Being the historical centre of the Dzūkija region, it is connected to several major roads, linking it with the cities of Vilnius; Kaunas; Lazdijai, which is on the border with Poland; and Grodno, Belarus. In July 2024, its total population was counted as 50,996 people. The city lies on the banks of the Nemunas river.

For centuries, the city was divided into two separate entities. Even today, it consists of two parts still frequently referred to as Alytus I and Alytus II. The Alytus I half is smaller, and less developed than the Alytus II half, which forms the city centre with parks, microdistricts and industrial areas.
Billava
The Billava (IPA: [bilːɐʋɐ]), Billoru, Biruveru people are an ethnic Tuluva group of India. They constitute 18% of the coastal Karnataka population. They are found traditionally in Tulu Nadu region and primarily engaged in toddy tapping, cultivation and other activities. They have used both missionary education and Sri Narayana Guru's reform movement to upgrade themselves.

Devadiga
Devadiga (Sanskrit: देवाडिगः, romanized: Dēvāḍiga) also known as Moily, Sherigar is a Hindu community or caste. Devadigas were traditionally temple servants and musicians in Hindu temples. Devadigas are originally from the land stretching between Karwar in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka and Kasaragod district of Kerala and some parts of Maharashtra in west-coast of India up to the Chandragiri River and many people live in Shivamogga and Chikmagalur too. It is believed that their two divisions, namely Kannada Devadiga (Moily) and Tulu Devadiga (Moily); were endogamous in the past.
Georgia State Route 29
State Route 29 (SR 29) is a 98.1-mile-long (157.9 km) state highway that travels southeast-to-northwest through portions of Toombs, Montgomery, Treutlen, Laurens, Wilkinson, and Baldwin counties in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects the Vidalia area with the Milledgeville area, via the Dublin area.

SR 29 was originally designated on a path from Jeffersonville to Irwinton and Milledgeville before being shifted to its current path. It was then extended to its southern terminus.

Georgia State Route 78
State Route 78 (SR 78) is a 59.6-mile-long (95.9 km) backward question mark-shaped state highway in the southeast part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway travels from Soperton north and northwest to Wrightsville, then turning northeast to Wadley and, finally, east, to its eastern terminus, at a point northwest of Midville.
Canaletto
Giovanni Antonio Canal (18 October 1697 – 19 April 1768), commonly known as Canaletto (Italian: [kanaˈletto]), was an Italian painter from the Republic of Venice, considered an important member of the 18th-century Venetian school.

Painter of cityscapes or vedute, of Venice, Rome, and London, he also painted imaginary views (referred to as capricci), although the demarcation in his works between the real and the imaginary is never quite clearcut. He was further an important printmaker using the etching technique. In the period from 1746 to 1756, he worked in England, where he painted many views of London and other sites, including Warwick Castle and Alnwick Castle. He was highly successful in England, thanks to the British merchant and connoisseur Joseph "Consul" Smith, whose large collection of Canaletto's works was sold to King George III in 1762.

Giovanni Battista Piazzetta
Giovanni Battista Piazzetta (also called Giambattista Piazzetta or Giambattista Valentino Piazzetta) (February 13, 1682 or 1683 – April 28, 1754) was an Italian Rococo painter of religious subjects and genre scenes.
Tatiana Kopnina
Tatiana Vladimirovna Kopnina (Russian: Татья́на Влади́мировна Копнина́; November 11, 1921 – March 6, 2009) was a Soviet Russian painter and art teacher who lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg. She is regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, and is most known for her portrait paintings.

Boris Lavrenko
Boris Mikhailovich Lavrenko (Russian: Бори́с Миха́йлович Лавре́нко; 6 May 1920 – 7 June 2001) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad), regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.
Nyishi people
The Nyishi people are a dominant ethnic group in Arunachal Pradesh, in northeastern India. They speak a Tani language known as the Nishi language. Their population of around 300,000 makes them the most populous tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, closely followed by the tribes of the Adi according to 2001 census.

Polygyny is prevalent among the Nyishi. It signifies one's social status and economic stability and also proves useful during hard times like clan wars or social hunting and various other social activities. This practice, however, is diminishing especially with modernization and the spread of Christianity. They trace their descent patrilineally and are divided into several clans.

Mising people
The Mising people or Miri people (/ˈmiːsɪŋ/ or /ˈmɪsɪŋ/) are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group living mostly in the Northeast Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Their Mising language is a part of the Tani languages and the Tibeto-Burman language group. The Misings are a major ethnic group of Assam, the second largest tribe after the Bodos. 15.4% of Assam's tribal population speaks Mising, but many more speak Assamese (24.7%) and Mising organisations estimate that the unofficial Mising population is 1.2 million rather than the 587,310 declared by the 2001 census of India.
German submarine U-1105
German submarine U-1105, a Type VII-C/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, was built at the Nordseewerke Shipyard, Emden, Germany, and commissioned on 3 June 1944. Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Joachim Schwarz was given command. He would command U-1105 for the remainder of the war.

German submarine U-1172
German submarine U-1172 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 7 June 1943 by Danziger Werft, Danzig as yard number 144, launched on 3 December 1943 and commissioned on 20 April 1944 under Oberleutnant zur See Jürgen Kuhlmann.
Denis Menchov
Denis Nikolayevich Menshov (often mistakenly romanized as Menchov, Денис Николаевич Меньшов; born 25 January 1978) is a former professional Russian road bicycle racer, who rode as a professional between 2000 and 2013. He was best known as a general classification rider, a climber and an accomplished time trialist. In 2005 he finished second in the Vuelta a España and in 2007 he finished as the champion. He also won the centenary Giro d'Italia in 2009 and finished second in the Tour de France in 2010 becoming the first Russian to do so. He was later disqualified from that Tour de France, as well as the 2009 and 2012 editions, owing to adverse biological passport findings.

Robert Gesink
Robert Gesink (born 31 May 1986) is a Dutch former cyclist, who competed as a professional from 2007 to 2024. His major victories include the 2012 Tour of California, the 2011 Tour of Oman and the 2010 Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal. Gesink also won the Giro dell'Emilia twice and offered some good performances on Grand Tours and one-week stage races, thanks in part to his climbing and time trialing abilities.
Stuffed leaves
Stuffed leaves—more commonly known by its sub-types stuffed grape leaves,  stuffed vine leaves, or stuffed cabbage leaves—are a food made of leaves rolled around a filling of minced meat, grains such as rice, or both. It is occasionally known in the English-speaking world by its Turkish name, sarma, which, as a dish of the Ottoman Empire, is also used in Armenian and some Eastern European languages. Since the Ottoman Empire's dissolution, its popularity persists in Turkish, Persian, Greek, Romanian, Iraqi, Levantine, Egyptian cuisin, former Yugoslav constituent states, and Armenian cuisines.

Wrapped leaf dishes are part of the broader category of stuffed dishes known as dolma, and they have equivalents (such as the Polish gołąbki) in Eastern European cuisines from the northern Baltic through Romania. The type of leaves used commonly includes cabbage, patience dock, collard, grapevine, kale, or chard leaves.

Stuffed peppers
Stuffed peppers is a dish common in many cuisines. It consists of hollowed or halved bell peppers filled with any of a variety of fillings, often including meat, vegetables, cheese, rice, or sauce. The dish is usually assembled by filling the cavities of the peppers and then cooking.
Duhok
Duhok (Kurdish: دهۆک, romanized: Dihok; Arabic: دهوك, romanized: Dohūk; Syriac: ܒܝܬ ܢܘܗܕܪܐ, romanized: Beth Nohadra, Lishanid Noshan: דוהוך, romanized: Dohok) is a city in Kurdistan Region, Iraq and the capital city of Duhok Governorate.

Sinjar
Sinjar (Arabic: سنجار, romanized: Sinjār; Kurdish: شنگال, romanized: Şingal, Syriac: ܫܝܓܪ, romanized: Shingar) is a town in the Sinjar District of the Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. It is located about five kilometers south of the Sinjar Mountains. Its population in 2013 was estimated at 88,023, and is predominantly Yazidi.
Aircraft pilot
An aircraft pilot, or aviator, is an individual who controls an aircraft's flight by operating its directional controls. Other aircrew members, such as navigators and flight engineers, are also considered aviators because they assist in operating the aircraft’s navigation and engine systems. Aircrew members like drone operators, flight attendants, mechanics, and ground crew are not classified as aviators.

To recognize pilots' qualifications and responsibilities, most militaries and many airlines around the world award aviator badges to their pilots.

Aircrew
Aircrew  are personnel who operate an aircraft while in flight. The composition of a flight's crew depends on the type of aircraft, plus the flight's duration and purpose. Air crew consist of Flight Crew and Cabin Crew.