hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chemistry of ascorbic acid
Ascorbic acid is an organic compound with formula C6H8O6, originally called hexuronic acid. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish.  It dissolves freely in water to give mildly acidic solutions.  It is a mild reducing agent.

Ascorbic acid exists as two enantiomers (mirror-image isomers), commonly denoted "l" (for "levo") and "d" (for "dextro"). The l isomer is the one most often encountered: it occurs naturally in many foods, and is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C, an essential nutrient for humans and many animals. Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy, formerly a major disease of sailors in long sea voyages. It is used as a food additive and a dietary supplement for its antioxidant properties. The "d" form (erythorbic acid) can be made by chemical synthesis, but has no significant biological role.

Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH, /ˌɡluːtəˈθaɪoʊn/) is a small protein made of the amino acids glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is an antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea. Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components caused by sources such as reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals.

It is synthesized by attaching cysteine to the carboxyl group of the glutamate side chain with a gamma peptide linkage, and to glycine with a normal peptide linkage.
Gloria Gaynor
Gloria Fowles (born September 7, 1943), known professionally as Gloria Gaynor, is an American singer, best known for the disco era hits "I Will Survive" (1978) which is one of the best-selling singles in history to date, having sold over 15 million copies worldwide, and "Let Me Know (I Have a Right)" (1979), "I Am What I Am" (1983), and her version of "Never Can Say Goodbye" (1974). She received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2025.

AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the database was first made available on the Internet in 1994. AllMusic has been owned by RhythmOne since 2015.
WAPDA F.C.
WAPDA Football Club serves as the football section of Water & Power Development Authority. It is based in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The club used to compete in the National Football Championship and Pakistan Premier League. The club regularly participates in the National Football Challenge Cup.

WAPDA has been Pakistan champions 8 times, winning four titles in the National Football Championship, and four Pakistan Premier League titles including the inaugural edition in 2004. They are the only Pakistani club to finish the season unbeaten in the 2007–08 season.

Pakistan Army F.C.
The Pakistan Army Football Club serves as the football section of the Pakistan Army. The club used to compete in the National Football Championship and Pakistan Premier League. The club regularly participates in the National Football Challenge Cup.

The club is operated by the Pakistan Army Sports Directorate, and its players are employed in the Pakistan Army, and recruited through the Army's sports quota or selected from within the forces.
Howard County, Texas
Howard County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. At the 2020 census, its population was 34,860. Its county seat is Big Spring. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1882. It is named for Volney E. Howard, a U.S. Congressman from Texas.

Howard County is included in the Big Spring, Texas micropolitan statistical area.

Ector County, Texas
Ector County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. In the 2020 census, its population was 165,171. Its county seat is Odessa. The county was founded in 1887 and organized in 1891. It is named for Matthew Ector, a Confederate general in the American Civil War.

Ector County comprises the Odessa, Texas, metropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Midland–Odessa combined statistical area.
ITV Digital
ITV Digital was a British digital terrestrial television broadcaster which launched a pay-TV service on the world's first digital terrestrial television network. Its main shareholders were Carlton Communications plc and Granada plc, owners of multiple licences of the ITV network. Starting as ONdigital in 1998, the service was rebranded as ITV Digital in July 2001.

Low audience figures, piracy issues and an ultimately unaffordable multi-million pound deal with the Football League led to the broadcaster suffering large losses, and it entered administration in March 2002. Pay television services ceased permanently on 1 May of that year, but carriage of the remaining free-to-air channels such as BBC One and Channel 4 continued. In October, ITV Digital’s former terrestrial multiplexes were taken over by Crown Castle and the BBC to create the Freeview free-to-air service.

Carlton Select
Carlton Select was a British digital television channel, owned by Carlton Television. It was originally launched on Thursday 1 June 1995 as SelecTV, by the independent production company of the same name, before being purchased by Carlton in 1996 who relaunched it as Carlton Select.

The channel was also available via satellite in Africa, on the South African DStv service, from the start of the platform to the shutdown of the channel.
Mu Alpha Theta
Mu Alpha Theta (ΜΑΘ) is an International mathematics honor society for high school and two-year college students. As of June 2015, it served over 108,000 student members in over 2,200 chapters in the United States and 20 foreign countries. Its main goals are to inspire keen interest in mathematics, develop strong scholarship in the subject, and promote the enjoyment of mathematics in high school and two-year college students. Its name is a rough transliteration of math into Greek (Mu Alpha Theta).

Sociedad Honoraria Hispánica
The Sociedad Honoraria Hispánica (the national honor society for Spanish and Portuguese) is an academic honor society focused on Spanish language and Portuguese language excellence in secondary education and promotes a continuity of interest in Spanish and Portuguese studies. It is sponsored by the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese.
2014–15 Cupa Ligii
The 2014–15 Cupa Ligii was the first official season of the Cupa Ligii. The winner, Steaua București, was not granted a place in the UEFA Europa League, but received €265,000.

All times are CEST (UTC+2).

2015–16 Cupa Ligii
The 2015–16 Cupa Ligii was the second official season of the Cupa Ligii. Steaua București won the tournament for the second time in a row after defeating Concordia Chiajna in the final.

All times are CEST (UTC+2).
Borbon, Cebu
Borbon, officially the Municipality of Borbon (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Borbon; Tagalog: Bayan ng Borbon),  is a  municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 40,097 people.

San Francisco, Cebu
San Francisco, officially the Municipality of San Francisco (Cebuano: Lungsod sa San Francisco; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Francisco),  is a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 61,092 people.
List of members of the Constituent Assembly of Namibia
Below is a list of members of the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, which became the National Assembly of Namibia upon independence in March 1990. Individual members were selected by political parties voted for in the 1989 election, the first democratic, multi-racial and universal franchise elections in Namibian history. Upon Namibian independence on 21 March 1990, the Constituent Assembly closed, and its members formed the 1st National Assembly of Namibia.

The seat distribution per party was as follows:

South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO): 41

Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA): 21

United Democratic Front (UDF): 4

Action Christian National (ACN): 3

Namibia National Front (NNF): 1

Namibia Patriotic Front (NPF): 1

Federal Convention of Namibia (FCN): 1

Constitution of Namibia
The Constitution of Namibia is the supreme law of the Republic of Namibia. Adopted on 9 February 1990, a month prior to Namibia's independence from apartheid South Africa. The constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, which had been chosen through the UN certified 1989 Namibian parliamentary election.
Jason Momoa
Joseph Jason Namakaeha Momoa (/məˈmoʊə/; born August 1, 1979) is an American actor and film producer. He made his acting debut as Jason Ioane on the syndicated action drama series Baywatch: Hawaii (1999–2001), which was followed by portrayals of Ronon Dex on the Syfy science fiction series Stargate Atlantis (2005–2009), and Khal Drogo in the first two seasons of the HBO fantasy drama series Game of Thrones (2011–2012). He went on to play the lead roles in the Discovery Channel historical drama series Frontier (2016–2018), and the Apple TV shows See (2019–2022) and Chief of War (2025).

Since 2016, Momoa has appeared in various DC Comics media, first portraying Aquaman in the DC Extended Universe (2016–2023). He has also played Duncan Idaho in the science fiction film Dune (2021), and has starred in the action film Fast X (2023) and the fantasy adventure comedy film A Minecraft Movie (2025).

Characters of the DC Extended Universe
The DC Extended Universe (DCEU) is a shared universe centered on a group of film franchises based on characters by DC Comics and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. Despite numerous film franchise in the past on characters such as Superman and Batman, none of those film series were connected. The DCEU debuted in 2013 with Man of Steel, centered on Superman, and has grown to include other characters such as Batman, Wonder Woman, and several others included in this list. The shared universe, much like the original DC Universe in the comics, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters, and crossed over with separate timelines from other DC-licensed film series in The Flash to create a "multiverse" before being largely rebooted as the new DC Universe franchise under new management from DC Studios, with the previous universe concluding in 2023 with Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom.
Minor ice hockey
Minor ice hockey or minor hockey is an umbrella term for amateur ice hockey which is played below the junior age level. Players are classified by age, with each age group playing in its own league. The rules, especially as it relates to body contact, vary from class to class. In North America, the rules are governed by the national bodies, Hockey Canada and USA Hockey, while local hockey associations administer players and leagues for their region. Many provinces and states organize regional and provincial championship tournaments, and the highest age groups in Canada and the United States also participate in national championships.

Minor hockey is not to be confused with minor league professional hockey.

Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament
The Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament (French: Tournoi international de hockey pee-wee de Québec) is an annual minor ice hockey event in Quebec City. The tournament was founded in 1960 to coincide with the Quebec Winter Carnival, and give an opportunity for international competition to players less than 12 years old. The tournament raises funds for the local Patro Roc-Amadour foundation, and is operated mostly by volunteers, with a few staff. The event takes place each year in February at Centre Vidéotron, and previously spent 56 seasons at Quebec Coliseum. As of 2018, the event has showcased the talent of over 1,200 future professionals in the National Hockey League or the World Hockey Association.
UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee
The UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (or UK-APC) is a United Kingdom government committee, part of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, responsible for recommending names of geographical locations within the British Antarctic Territory (BAT) and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI). Such names are formally approved by the Commissioners of the BAT and SGSSI respectively and published in the BAT Gazetteer and the SGSSI Gazetteer maintained by the Committee. The BAT names are also published in the international Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica maintained by SCAR.

The Committee may also consider proposals for new place names for geographical features in areas of Antarctica outside BAT and SGSSI, which are referred to other Antarctic place-naming authorities or decided by the Committee itself if situated in the unclaimed sector of Antarctica.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Sheffield Steelers
The Sheffield Steelers are a professional ice hockey team located in Sheffield, England. They were formed in 1991 and play their home games at the Utilita Arena. They are currently a member of the Elite Ice Hockey League. The club's main (title) sponsor is TriggerHub.

Edinburgh Capitals
The Edinburgh Capitals are a Scottish ice hockey club, playing in the Scottish National League (SNL). They are based in the Scottish capital, Edinburgh. The team play at the Murrayfield Ice Rink, close to Murrayfield Rugby stadium.

In April 2018, a consortium led by David Hand (brother of ex-Racer Tony) won the contract for ice time at Murrayfield, effectively rendering the Capitals homeless.

The newly formed Murrayfield Racers applied to join the EIHL and take the Capitals' place but were rejected, plunging the future of top level ice hockey in the city into jeopardy.

The Racers were subsequently accepted into the Scottish National League (SNL) instead, where they remained until 2022.

However, in July 2022, four years after the Capitals had folded, it was announced that Murrayfield Ice Rink had new management and that the Edinburgh Capitals would return to play in the Scottish National League.
Bootsy Collins
William Earl "Bootsy" Collins (born October 26, 1951) is an American bass guitarist, singer, and songwriter. Rising to prominence with James Brown in the early 1970s before joining the Parliament-Funkadelic collective, Collins established himself as one of the leading names and innovators in funk with his driving basslines and humorous vocals.  He later formed his own P-Funk side project known as 'Bootsy's Rubber Band'.   He was a frequent collaborator with other musicians from a variety of genres, including dance music (Deee-Lite's "Groove Is in the Heart"), electronic big beat (Fatboy Slim's "Weapon of Choice" and "The Joker"), and alternative metal (Praxis), among others. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with 15 other members of Parliament-Funkadelic. In 2020, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Collins number 4 in its list of the 50 greatest bassists of all time.

Marcus Miller
William Henry Marcus Miller Jr. (born June 14, 1959) is an American musician, songwriter, and record producer. He has worked with trumpeter Miles Davis, pianist Herbie Hancock, singer Luther Vandross, and saxophonists Wayne Shorter and David Sanborn, among others. He was the main songwriter and producer on three of Davis's albums: Tutu (1986), Music from Siesta (1987), and Amandla (1989). His collaboration with Vandross was especially close; he co-produced and served as the arranger for most of Vandross's albums, and he and Vandross co-wrote many songs, including the hits "I Really Didn't Mean It", "Any Love", "Power of Love/Love Power" and "Don't Want to Be a Fool". Miller also co-wrote the 1988 single "Da Butt" for Experience Unlimited.
2021–22 Scottish Premiership
The 2021–22 Scottish Premiership (known as the cinch Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth season of the Scottish Premiership, the highest division of Scottish football, and the 125th edition overall of the top national league competition, not including one cancelled due to World War II. Celtic claimed the league trophy back after an outstanding run with a 1–1 draw with Dundee United on 11 May enough to confirm them as champions.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee, Dundee United, Heart of Midlothian, Hibernian, Livingston, Motherwell, Rangers, Ross County, St Johnstone and St Mirren.

The season began on 31 July 2021. In December, the Scottish Government imposed stadium capacity restrictions as part of its response to the new Omicron variant. As a result, the winter break was brought forward from 4 January to 27 December. The rule of five substitutions per match was also re-introduced (as used the previous season) after the winter break.

2024–25 Scottish Premiership
The 2024–25 Scottish Premiership (known as the William Hill Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the twelfth season of the Scottish Premiership, the highest division of Scottish football, and the 128th edition overall of the top national league competition, not including one cancelled due to World War II. The season began on 3 August 2024.

On 26 April 2025, Celtic successfully defended their title, securing their fourth Premiership title in a row, and a record-tying 55th Scottish league title overall, following a 5–0 victory away to Dundee United.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee, Dundee United, Heart of Midlothian, Hibernian, Kilmarnock, Motherwell, Rangers, Ross County, St Johnstone and St Mirren.
Bashkir language
Bashkir (UK: /bæʃˈkɪər/ bash-KEER, US: /bɑːʃˈkɪər/ bahsh-KEER) or Bashkort (Bashkir: башҡорт теле, romanized: başqort tele, [bɑʂˈqʊ̞rt tɪ̞ˈlɪ̞] ⓘ) is a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak branch. It is co-official with Russian in Bashkortostan. It is spoken by approximately 1.6 million native speakers in Russia, as well as in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Estonia, and other neighboring post-Soviet states, and among the Bashkir diaspora. It has three dialect groups: Southern, Eastern, and Northwestern.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.
Ubykh people
The Ubykh (Ubykh: Tuex̂ı /tʷɜxɨ/; Adyghe: Убых, romanized: Ubyx; Russian: Убыхи; Turkish: Ubıhlar / Vubıhlar) are an extinct ethnic group of the Circassian nation, represented by one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. Along with the Circassian tribes of Natukhai and Shapsug, the Ubykh formed the Circassian Assembly (Adyghe: Адыгэ Хасэ) in 1860. Historically, they spoke the Ubykh language, which never existed in written form and went extinct in 1992 when Tevfik Esenç, the last speaker, died.

Besleney
The Besleney (Circassian: Беслъэней, Kabardian pronunciation: [basɬənəj]; Russian: Бесленеевцы) are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. By character, culture and language, the Besleney are closest to Kabardians. The noble families of the Besleney were Kanoko and Shaloho, ancestors of Kabardian Prince Beslan, (the son of legendary Prince Inal), who established his own tribe of the same name.
Berkshire County Cricket Club
Berkshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor counties clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Berkshire.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Berkshire played List A matches occasionally until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

Shropshire County Cricket Club
Shropshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Shropshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Shropshire played List A matches occasionally from 1974 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays at Shrewsbury and around the county at Bridgnorth, Oswestry, Shifnal, Wellington, and Whitchurch.
Gawler
Gawler, established in 1839,  is the oldest country town in the state of South Australia. It was named after the second Governor (British Vice-Regal representative) of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is about  40–44 km (25–27 mi) north of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley. Topographically, Gawler lies at the confluence of two tributaries of the Gawler River, the North and South Para rivers, where they emerge from a range of low hills.

Historically a semi-rural area, Gawler has been swept up in Adelaide's growth in recent years, and is now counted as a suburb in the Outer Metro region of the Greater Adelaide Planning Region. The town had a population of 28,562 in the 2021 Census.

Mallala, South Australia
Mallala (/ˈmæləlɑː/ mal-ə-LAH) is a township and locality in the Australian state of South Australia 62 kilometres (39 mi) by road north of the state capital of Adelaide. The name is thought to be derived from the Kaurna word madlala or madlola, meaning "place of the ground frog". In the 2021 census, the wider Mallala locality had a population of 1042, of whom 887 lived in the township.