hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francesc Macià
Francesc Macià i Llussà (Catalan: [fɾənˈsɛzɡ məsiˈa j ʎuˈsa]; 21 September 1859 – 25 December 1933) was a Catalan politician who served as the 122nd president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, and formerly an officer in the Spanish Army.

Politically, Macià evolved from an initial regenerationism of Spain to the defense of the Catalan Republic and progressive politics, being appointed as the first president of the restored Generalitat and achieving the first successful establishment of self-government for Catalonia of modern history.

President of the Government of Catalonia
The president of the Government of Catalonia (Catalan: President de la Generalitat de Catalunya, IPA: [pɾəziˈðen də lə ʒənəɾəliˈtad də kətəˈluɲə]) is head of government of Catalonia, leading the executive branch of the Generalitat de Catalunya, the Catalan government.

It is one of the bodies that the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia stipulates as part of the Generalitat de Catalunya, others being the Parliament, the Govern or Executive Council, the Council for Statutory Guarantees, and the Catalan Ombudsman (Síndic de Greuges).

The current president is Salvador Illa of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia, who won a plurality in the 2024 Catalan regional election and formed the first unionist government in Catalonia since 2010.
Chris Woakes
Christopher Roger Woakes (born 2 March 1989) is an English cricketer, a right-handed all-rounder who bowls fast-medium. He plays domestic cricket for Warwickshire and has represented the England national team since making his ODI and T20I debuts in 2011 and his Test debut in 2013 until his international retirement in September 2025. Woakes was part of the England squads that won the 2019 Cricket World Cup and the 2022 T20 World Cup.

Craig Overton
Craig Overton (born 10 April 1994) is an English cricketer who plays for Somerset and England. He is an all-rounder who bowls right-arm medium-fast and bats right-handed. He made his international debut for England in December 2017. His twin brother Jamie Overton also plays cricket for England.
Diocese of Jiading
The Diocese of Jiading (formerly spelled Kiating; Latin: Dioecesis Chiatimensis; simplified Chinese: 天主教嘉定教区; traditional Chinese: 天主教嘉定教區), also known as Diocese of Leshan (天主教乐山教区; 天主教樂山教區) according to the government controlled Catholic Patriotic Association, is a Latin Catholic diocese located in the city of Leshan (formerly Jiading Prefecture) in the ecclesiastical province of Chongqing in western China.

It was established on July 10, 1929 as the Apostolic Prefecture of Yachow for the Mission of Sichuan (Szechwan), its episcopal see was initially located in Yachow (present-day Ya'an).

Diocese of Shunqing
The Diocese of Shunqing (formerly spelled Shunking; Latin: Dioecesis Scioenchimensis; Chinese: 天主教順慶教區), also known as Diocese of Nanchong, is a suffragan Latin Catholic diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Chongqing in southwestern China, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Established on August 2, 1929 as the Apostolic Vicariate of Shunking for the Mission of Sichuan (Szechwan), its episcopal see is the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, located in the Shunqing city center district of Nanchong, Sichuan province. No statistics available.
Korean Broadcasting System
The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS; Korean: 한국방송공사) is the national broadcaster of South Korea. Founded in 1927, it is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters under the government of South Korea.

The KBS operates seven radio networks, ten television channels and multiple Internet-exclusive services. Its flagship terrestrial television station, KBS1, broadcasts on channel 9 while KBS2, an entertainment-oriented network, broadcasts on channel 7. KBS also operates the international service KBS World, which provides television, radio and online services in 12 languages.

SBS M
SBS M was a South Korean pay television music channel owned by SBS Medianet, a division of SBS Media Holdings. It features South Korean pop artists, international music, news, and a few reality and variety programs.

It was launched in 2001 as the South Korean version of the MTV. In 2011, it came under the SBS Paramount unit, a joint venture of SBS Medianet and Paramount Networks EMEAA and became SBS MTV. In June 2022, SBS and Paramount ceased their joint-venture, and the channel was renamed as SBS M. During its run as SBS MTV, it carried programs originally from the American MTV, along with a few Asian programs of its MTV Asian counterparts.
Gambian pouched rat
The Gambian pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus), also commonly known as the African giant pouched rat, is a species of nocturnal pouched rat of the giant pouched rat genus Cricetomys, in the family Nesomyidae. It is among the largest muroids in the world, growing to about 0.9 m (3 ft) long, including the tail, which makes up half of its total length. It is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Senegal to Kenya and from Angola to Mozambique (although it is absent from much of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where Emin's pouched rat is present) from sea level to 2,000 m (6,600 ft).

The Gambian pouched rat is sometimes kept as a pet, but some have escaped from captivity and become an invasive species in Florida. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now ban the importation of this species because it is blamed for the 2003 outbreak of monkeypox.

Guinea multimammate mouse
The Guinea multimammate mouse (Mastomys erythroleucus) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, and Uganda.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, arable land, rural gardens, urban areas, and irrigated land. They weigh between 12 and 105 grams.
Site of Special Scientific Interest
A Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Great Britain, or an Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI) in the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland, is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom and Isle of Man.  SSSI/ASSIs are the basic building block of site-based nature conservation legislation and most other legal nature/geological conservation designations in the United Kingdom are based upon them, including national nature reserves, Ramsar sites, Special Protection Areas, and Special Areas of Conservation. The acronym "SSSI" is often pronounced "triple-S I".

High Weald National Landscape
The High Weald National Landscape is in south-east England. Covering an area of 1,450 square kilometres (560 sq mi), it takes up parts of Kent, 
Surrey, East Sussex, and West Sussex. It is the fourth largest Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in England and Wales. It has an attractive landscape with a mosaic of small farms and woodlands, historic parks, sunken lanes and ridge-top villages.

The area consists of 99 parishes and a total population of approximately 120,000 persons. The main communities are Royal Tunbridge Wells, Crowborough, Hastings and Haywards Heath.
Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Sierra de la Giganta
The Sierra de la Giganta is a mountain range of eastern Baja California Sur state, located on the southern Baja California Peninsula in northwestern Mexico.

It is a mountain range of the Peninsular Ranges System, which extends 1,500 km (930 mi) from Southern California, through the Baja California Peninsula in Baja California and Baja California Sur states.
Virginian Railway
The Virginian Railway (reporting mark VGN) was a Class I railroad located in Virginia and West Virginia in the United States. The VGN was created to transport high quality "smokeless" bituminous coal from southern West Virginia to port at Hampton Roads.

Norfolk Southern Railway (1942–1982)
The Norfolk Southern Railway (reporting mark NS) was the final name of a railroad that ran from Norfolk, Virginia, southwest and west to Charlotte, North Carolina. It was acquired by the Southern Railway in 1974, which merged with the Norfolk and Western Railway in 1982 to form the current Norfolk Southern Railway.

In May 1920, the predecessor Norfolk Southern Railroad leased the Durham and South Carolina Railroad, which became its Durham branch. This would be the largest the NSRR would become: a route of 942 miles (1,516 km). At the end of 1970, the successor Norfolk Southern Railway operated 624 miles (1,004 km) of road with 801 miles (1,289 km) of track; that year it reported 710 million ton-miles of revenue freight.
Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.

Overhead camshaft engine
An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a  piston engine in which the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion chamber in the engine block.

Single overhead camshaft (SOHC) engines have one camshaft per bank of cylinders. Dual overhead camshaft (DOHC, also known as "twin-cam") engines have two camshafts per bank. The first production car to use a DOHC engine was built in 1910. Use of DOHC engines slowly increased from the 1940s, leading to many automobiles by the early 2000s using DOHC engines.
179th New York State Legislature
The 179th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6, 1971, to May 12, 1972, during the thirteenth and fourteenth years of Nelson Rockefeller's governorship, in Albany.

190th New York State Legislature
The 190th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6, 1993, to December 31, 1994, during the eleventh and twelfth years of Mario Cuomo's governorship, in Albany.
AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the database was first made available on the Internet in 1994. AllMusic has been owned by RhythmOne since 2015.

Ron Wynn
Ron Wynn is a music critic, author, and AllMusic editor. Wynn was the editor of the first edition of The All Music Guide to Jazz (1994), and from 1993 to 1994 served as the jazz and rap editor of the All Music Guide.  Wynn is the former editor of New Memphis Star and the former chief jazz and pop music critic for Bridgeport Post-Telegram and Memphis Commercial Appeal.: back cover  Wynn has contributed to publications such as Billboard, The Village Voice, Creem, Rock & Roll Disc, Living Blues, The Boston Phoenix, and Rejoice.: back cover   He is the author of The Tina Turner Story.  Wynn has contributed liner notes for numerous albums.  His liner notes for The Soul of Country Music received a 1998 Grammy nomination.
Aaron Spelling
Aaron Spelling (April 22, 1923 – June 23, 2006) was an American film and television producer and occasional actor. His productions included the television series Family (1976–1980); Charlie's Angels (1976–1981); The Love Boat (1977–1986); Hart to Hart (1979–1984); Dynasty (1981–1989); Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–2000); Melrose Place (1992–1999); 7th Heaven (1996–2007); and Charmed (1998–2006). He also served as producer of The Mod Squad (1968–1973), The Rookies (1972–1976) and Sunset Beach (1997–1999).

Through his production company Spelling Television, Spelling holds the record as the most prolific television producer in American television history, with 218 producer and executive producer credits. Forbes ranked him the 11th-highest-earning deceased celebrity in 2009.

Richard and Esther Shapiro
Richard Allen Shapiro (born June 27, 1934) and Esther June Shapiro (née Mayesh; born June 6, 1928) are an American married couple who work as television screenwriters and producers, through their Shapiro Film Corporation. They are best known as the creators of the long-running 1980s prime time soap opera Dynasty, its spin-off series The Colbys, and the 1991 miniseries Dynasty: The Reunion.

In 1984, Doubleday/Dolphin published the companion book Dynasty: The Authorized Biography of the Carringtons, which included an introduction by Esther Shapiro.
Billie Jean King Cup
The Billie Jean King Cup, abbreviated as the BJK Cup, is the premier international team competition in women's tennis, launched as the Federation Cup in 1963 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the International Tennis Federation (ITF). The name was changed to the Fed Cup in 1995, and changed again in September 2020 in honor of former World No. 1 Billie Jean King. The Billie Jean King Cup is the world's largest annual women's international team sports competition in terms of the number of nations that compete. The current chair is Katrina Adams.

The men's equivalent of the Billie Jean King Cup is the Davis Cup, and the Czech Republic, Australia, Russia, Italy and the United States are the only countries to have won both Cups in the same year.

Israel Billie Jean King Cup team
The Israel women's national tennis team (Hebrew: נבחרת ישראל בגביע הפדרציה) is the representative national team of Israel in the Billie Jean King Cup competition. In the 2007 Fed Cup, they qualified from the World Group II and World Group play-offs to reach the elite World Group for the first time in the team's history. They participated within this group at the 2008 Fed Cup.
BBC Radio 3
BBC Radio 3 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It replaced the BBC Third Programme in 1967 and broadcasts classical music and opera, with jazz, world music, drama, culture and the arts also featuring. The station has described itself as "the world's most significant commissioner of new music".

Through its New Generation Artists scheme, it promotes young musicians of all nationalities. The station broadcasts the BBC Proms concerts, live and in full, each summer in addition to performances by the BBC Orchestras and Singers. There are regular productions of both classic plays and newly commissioned drama.

Radio 3 won the Sony Radio Academy UK Station of the Year Gold Award for 2009 and was nominated again in 2011. According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 1.9 million with a listening share of 1.6% as of July 2025.

Wigmore Hall
The Wigmore Hall is a concert hall at 36 Wigmore Street, in west London. It was designed by Thomas Edward Collcutt and opened in 1901 as the Bechstein Hall; it is considered to have particularly good acoustics. It specialises in performances of chamber music, early music, vocal music and song recitals, and hosts over five hundred concerts each year, as well as a weekly concert broadcast on BBC Radio 3. It has been a Grade II listed building since 1966.
Carapace
A carapace is a dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tortoises, the underside is called the plastron.

Eyestalk
In anatomy, an eyestalk (sometimes spelled eye stalk and also known as an ommatophore) is a protrusion that extends an eye away from the body, giving the eye a better field of view. It is a common feature in nature and frequently appears in fiction.
Congo national football team
The Congo national football team (French: Équipe du Congo de football) represents the Republic of the Congo in men's association football and is governed by the Congolese Football Federation. They have never qualified for the World Cup, but did win the Africa Cup of Nations in 1972. They also won the All-Africa Games football tournament in 1965. The team is also a member of both FIFA and the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

Botswana national football team
The Botswana national football team (Tswana: Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Botswana) represents Botswana in men's international association football. It is governed by the Botswana Football Association (BFA) which was founded in 1970.

As of December 2025, the team has qualified for two editions of Africa Cup of Nations, in 2012 and 2025, and it has not managed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup. The team also participates in the regional COSAFA Cup which is open to Southern African national teams and takes place annually; Botswana's best result in the cup to date is finishing runners-up in the 2016 and 2019 editions.
Dudhpokhari
Dudhpokhari (दूधपोखरी) is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Province of northern-central Nepal. The name Dudhpokhari is derived from the lake which lies in the base of Himalchuli. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 10,975 people living in 2590 individual households. The highest elevation is Mount Himalchuli. Dudhpokhari kunda, which lies in the base of himalchuli, is a popular religious destination which attracts thousand of Hindus in Shrawan during Janai Purnima.

Kolki
Kolki  is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1892 people living in 354 individual households.
Interception
In ball-playing competitive team sports, an interception or pick is a move by a player involving a pass of the ball—whether by foot or hand, depending on the rules of the sport—in which the ball is intended for a player of the same team but caught or otherwise brought under control by a player of the opposing team, who thereby usually gains possession of the ball for their team.  It is commonly seen in football, including American and Canadian football, as well as association football, rugby league, rugby union, Australian rules football and Gaelic football, as well as any sport by which a loose object is passed between players toward a goal. In basketball, this is called a steal.

Incomplete pass
An incomplete pass is a term in gridiron football which means that a legal forward pass is not successfully caught by an eligible offensive player within the field of play. An incomplete pass can occur if (1) the ball hits the ground in the field of play before a player on either team gains possession; (2) the ball is caught by a player on either team who, at the moment of possession is out of bounds; or (3) the ball is thrown outside the field of play. An incomplete pass causes the down to advance by one and the offensive team gains no yards.  The game clock is stopped, and the ball immediately becomes dead as soon as it touches the ground or goes out of bounds.
Arch Enemy
Arch Enemy is a Swedish melodic death metal band, originally a supergroup from Halmstad, formed in 1995. Its members were in bands such as Carcass, Armageddon, Carnage, Mercyful Fate, Spiritual Beggars, The Agonist, Nevermore, Eucharist, and Once Human. It was founded by Carcass guitarist Michael Amott along with Johan Liiva, who were both originally from the death metal band Carnage. The band has released eleven studio albums, three live albums, three video albums and four EPs. The band was originally fronted by Johan Liiva, who was replaced by German vocalist Angela Gossow in 2000. Gossow left the band in March 2014, subsequently becoming the group's manager, and was replaced by Canadian vocalist Alissa White-Gluz. White-Gluz left the band at the end of 2025. Australian vocalist Lauren Hart was announced as the band's new frontwoman on 19 February 2026.

Christopher Amott
Christopher Amott (born 23 November 1977) is a Swedish guitarist, younger brother of Michael Amott and founding member of the metal bands Arch Enemy and Armageddon. He is most recently the former guitarist for Dark Tranquillity.
1947 South American Championship
The 1947 South American Championship was the 20th South American Championship for national teams, and was organized by CONMEBOL. It marked the first time Ecuador hosted the tournament, which hosted all the matches in Estadio George Capwell in Guayaquil. Argentina won the tournament to obtain their ninth South American title.

Brazil withdrew from the tournament.

1949 South American Championship
The 1949 South American Championship was the 21st edition of the Copa América, the main national team football competition in South America. It was held in, and won by, Brazil. Paraguay finished as runner-up while Argentina withdrew from the tournament.

This achievement ended a 27-year streak without official titles for the Brazilians. The last one had been in the 1922 South American Championship, also played on Brazilian soil. Jair Rosa Pinto from Brazil was the top scorer of the tournament, with nine goals.