hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phosphorine
Phosphorine (IUPAC name: phosphinine) is a heavier element analog of pyridine, containing a phosphorus atom instead of an aza- moiety. It is also called phosphabenzene and belongs to the phosphaalkene class. It is a colorless liquid that is mainly of interest in research.

Phosphorine is an air-sensitive oil but is otherwise stable when handled using air-free techniques (however, substituted derivatives can often be handled under air without risk of decomposition). In contrast, silabenzene, a related heavy-element analogue of benzene, is not only air- and moisture-sensitive but also thermally unstable without extensive steric protection.

Thiopyrylium
Thiopyrylium is a cation with the chemical formula C5H5S+. It is analogous to the pyrylium cation with the oxygen atom replaced by a sulfur atom.

Thiopyrylium salts are less reactive than the analogous pyrylium salts due to the higher polarizability of the sulfur atom. Among the chalcogenic 6-membered unsaturated heterocycles, thiopyrylium is the most aromatic, due to sulfur having the similar Pauling electronegativity as carbon and only a slightly higher covalent radius. In water, thiopyrylium reacts to it and forms a mixture of 2-hydroxythiopyran and 4-hydroxythiopyran.

Thiopyrylium salts can be synthesized by hydrogen abstraction from thiopyran by a hydride ion acceptor, such as trityl perchlorate.

The thiopyrylium analogue of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrylium salts can be synthesized by treatment with sodium sulfide followed by precipitation with acid. This reaction causes the oxygen atom in the pyrylium cation to be substituted with sulfur.
Sheila Levrant de Bretteville
Sheila Levrant de Bretteville (born 1940) is an American graphic designer, artist and educator whose work reflects her belief in the importance of feminist principles and user participation in graphic design. In 1990, she became the director of the Yale University Graduate Program in Graphic Design and the first woman to receive tenure at the Yale University School of Art. In 2010, she was named the Caroline M. Street Professor of Graphic Design.

Arlene Raven
Arlene Raven (Arlene Rubin: July 12, 1944, Baltimore, Maryland – August 1, 2006, Brooklyn, New York) was a feminist art historian, author, critic, educator, and curator. Raven was a co-founder of numerous feminist art organizations in Los Angeles in the 1970s.
Charles Nicholas
"Charles Nicholas" is the pseudonymous house name of three early creators of American comic books for the Fox Feature Syndicate and Fox Comics: Chuck Cuidera (1915–2001), Jack Kirby (1917–1994), and Charles Wojtkoski (1921–1985). The name originated at Eisner & Iger, one of the first comic book packagers that created comics on demand for publishers entering the new medium during the 1930s–1940s Golden Age of comic books. The three creators are listed in order of birth year, below.

Rocke Mastroserio
Rocco A. "Rocke" Mastroserio (June 8, 1927 — early March 1968) was an American comic book artist best known as a penciler and inker for Charlton Comics.  He sometimes signed his work "Rocke M.," "RM," "Rocke," or "RAM."
Two-seam fastball
A two-seam fastball is a pitch in baseball and softball. It is a variant of the straight fastball.  The pitch has the speed of a fastball and can also include late-breaking action caused by varying the pressure of the index and middle fingers on the ball.

Circle changeup
In baseball, a circle changeup (also called the okay changeup, related to the thumb and index finger touching) or circle change is a pitch thrown with a grip that includes a circle formation, hence the name circle changeup. The circle is formed by making a circle with the index finger, holding the thumb at the bottom of the ball parallel to the middle finger and holding the ball far out in the hand. The ball is thrown turning the palm out (pronating the forearm).
Dmitry Maevsky
Dmitry Ivanovich Maevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Мае́вский; 17 May 1917, in Petrograd, Russian Empire – 23 July 1992, in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his lyrical landscapes.

Boris Maluev
Boris Yakovlevich Maluev (Russian: Борис Яковлевич Малуев; February 6, 1929 – October 24, 1990) was a Soviet Russian painter, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his historical and genre paintings.
Computer Gaming World
Computer Gaming World (CGW) was an American computer game magazine that was published between 1981 and 2006. One of the few magazines of the era to survive the video game crash of 1983, it was sold to Ziff Davis in 1993. It expanded greatly through the 1990s and became one of the largest dedicated video game magazines, reaching around 500 pages by 1997.

In the early 2000s its circulation was about 300,000, only slightly behind the market leader PC Gamer. But, like most magazines of the era, the rapid move of its advertising revenue to internet properties led to a decline in revenue. In 2006, Ziff announced it would be refocused as Games for Windows, before moving it to solely online format, and then shutting down completely later the same year.

VideoGames & Computer Entertainment
VideoGames & Computer Entertainment (abbreviated as VG&CE) was an American magazine dedicated to covering video games on computers, home consoles and arcades. It was published by LFP, Inc. from the late 1988 until the mid-1990s. Offering game reviews, previews, game strategies and cheat codes as well as coverage of the general industry, VG&CE was also one of the first magazines to cover both home console and computer games. The magazine gave out annual awards in a variety of categories, divided between the best of home video games and computer video games. The magazine featured original artwork by Alan Hunter and other freelance artists.
Harbin–Manzhouli railway
Trans-Siberian Railway Harbin–Manzhouli railway, abbreviated as the Binzhou Railway (Chinese: 滨洲铁路; pinyin: Bīnzhōu tiělù), is a double-track electrified trunk railway in Northeast China between Harbin and Manzhouli on the Russian border, where it connects to the Trans-Siberian Railway via Zabaikalsk, Russia.

The Binzhou railway begins in the west at Manzhouli and runs eastward across the Hulunbuir grasslands, through the forests of the Greater Khingan range, the oilfields of Daqing, and the rich farmland of the Songhua River valley to Harbin. Major cities and towns along route include Manzhouli, Jalainur, Hailar, Dayan, Yakeshi, and Zhalantun in Inner Mongolia, as well as Qiqihar, Daqing, Anda, Zhaodong, and Harbin in Heilongjiang.

This line has the only station in all of China whose name is a single character: Song railway station (宋), which makes it a popular location amongst Chinese railfans.

Harbin–Suifenhe railway
The Trans-Siberian Harbin–Suifenhe railway, named the Binsui Railway (simplified Chinese: 滨绥铁路; traditional Chinese: 濱綏鐵路; pinyin: bīnsuí tiělù), is a double-track electrified trunk railway in Northeast China between Harbin and Suifenhe on the Russian border. The line was originally built by Russia as the eastern branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway, which linked Chita with Vladivostok.  Today, the 548 km (341 mi) railway is administered by Harbin Railway Bureau.
Zach Johnson
Zachary Harris Johnson (born February 24, 1976) is an American professional golfer who has 12 victories on the PGA Tour, including two major championships, the 2007 Masters and the 2015 Open Championship. At the 2023 Ryder Cup, Johnson captained the U.S. squad against Europe in Rome, Italy.

Keegan Bradley
Keegan Hansen Bradley (born June 7, 1986) is an American professional golfer who competes on the PGA Tour. He has won eight tour events, most notably the 2011 PGA Championship. He is one of six golfers to win in his major debut, along with Ben Curtis, Fred Herd, Willie Park, Sr., Francis Ouimet and Horace Rawlins. He was the 2011 PGA Tour Rookie of the Year and has briefly featured in the top ten of the Official World Golf Ranking. He captained Team USA in the 2025 Ryder Cup.
Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".

Bullitt County, Kentucky
Bullitt County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,217. Its county seat is Shepherdsville. The county was founded in 1796. Located just south of the city of Louisville, Bullitt County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, commonly known as Kentuckiana. The western fifth of the county (62 sq. miles/40,000 acres (160 km2)) is part of the United States Army post of Fort Knox and is reserved for military training.
Walker Cooper
William Walker Cooper (January 8, 1915 – April 11, 1991) was an American professional baseball catcher and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher from 1940 to 1957, most notably as a member of the St. Louis Cardinals with whom he won two World Series championships. An eight-time All-Star, Cooper was known as one of the top catchers in baseball during the 1940s and early 1950s. His elder brother Mort Cooper, also played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher.

Whitey Kurowski
George John "Whitey" Kurowski (April 19, 1918 – December 9, 1999) was an American professional baseball third baseman. He played his entire career in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1941 to 1949 and was an All-Star in five consecutive seasons. Kurowski's childhood nickname came from his already white hair.
East Africa
East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the region is recognized in the United Nations Statistics Division scheme as encompassing 18 sovereign states and 4 territories. It includes the Horn of Africa to the North and Southeastern Africa to the south.

East Africa Protectorate
East Africa Protectorate (also known as British East Africa) was a British protectorate in the African Great Lakes, occupying roughly the same area as present-day Kenya, from the Indian Ocean inland to the border with Uganda in the west part. Controlled by the United Kingdom in the late 19th century, it grew out of British commercial interests in the area in the 1880s and remained a protectorate until 1920 when it became the Colony of Kenya, save for an independent 16-kilometre-wide (10 mi) coastal strip that became the Kenya Protectorate.
Bobby Isaac
Robert Vance Isaac (August 1, 1932 – August 14, 1977) was an American stock car racing driver. Isaac made his first NASCAR appearance in 1961, and quickly forged a reputation of one of the toughest competitors of the 1960s and 1970s. He was most famously associated with driving Nord Krauskopf's red No. 71 K&K Insurance Dodge Charger. Isaac was NASCAR's Grand National Series champion in 1970. Isaac abruptly retired from full-time top-level competition in 1973 and died of a heart attack during a late model race at Hickory Motor Speedway in 1977. For his achievements, Isaac was named as one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers and inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame.

Donnie Allison
Donnie Allison (born September 7, 1939) is an American former driver on the NASCAR Grand National/Winston Cup circuit, who won ten times during his racing career, which spanned from 1966 to 1988. He is part of the "Alabama Gang", and is the brother of 1983 champion Bobby Allison and uncle of Davey Allison and Clifford Allison. He was inducted in the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 2009. He was inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame on January 19, 2024.
5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 5th Infantry Division was a regular army infantry division of the British Army. It was established by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington for service in the Peninsular War, as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, and was active for most of the period since, including the First World War and the Second World War and was disbanded soon after. The division was reformed in 1995 as an administrative division covering Wales and the English regions of West Midlands, East Midlands and East. Its headquarters were in Shrewsbury. It was disbanded on 1 April 2012.

Gerard Bucknall
Lieutenant-General Gerard Corfield Bucknall, CB, MC & Bar, DL (14 September 1894 – 7 December 1980) was a senior British Army officer who served in both the First and Second World Wars. He is most notable for being the commander of XXX Corps during the Normandy landings and the subsequent Battle of Normandy which followed in the summer of 1944.
Fast Forward (Australian TV series)
Fast Forward was an Australian sketch comedy TV series, broadcast from April 1989 to November 1992. The show was produced by Steve Vizard, who was also the executive producer, writer, and performer. It starred Jane Turner, Gina Riley, Magda Szubanski, Marg Downey, Michael Veitch, and many others, along with numerous guests and supporting stars.

Fast Forward was succeeded by the related series Full Frontal, and subsequently Totally Full Frontal, which were broadcast from 1993 to 1999.

The Comedy Company
The Comedy Company is an Australian sketch comedy television series that aired from 16 February 1988 until 11 November 1990 on Network Ten. It was created and directed by cast member Ian McFadyen, and co-directed and produced by Jo Lane.

The show largely consisted of sketch comedy in short segments, much in the tradition of earlier sketch comedy shows such as The Mavis Bramston Show, The Naked Vicar Show and The D-Generation and featured cast members from the latter two shows. The majority of the filming took place in Melbourne.

The show and characters had a significant effect on Australian pop culture, and had a cult following particularly with Australian youth.
Swabia (Bavaria)
Swabia (German: Schwaben, Swabian: Schwaabe, Bavarian: Schwobm) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of ten districts and 340 municipalities (including four cities) with Augsburg being the administrative capital.

Unterallgäu
Unterallgäu (German pronunciation: [ˈʊntɐˌʔalɡɔʏ] ⓘ, lit. 'Lower Allgäu') is a Landkreis (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Neu-Ulm, Günzburg, Augsburg, Ostallgäu, Oberallgäu, and the districts Ravensburg and Biberach in Baden-Württemberg. The district-free city Memmingen in the west of the district is nearly surrounded by the district. The capital of the district is Mindelheim.
Ralph Guldahl
Ralph J. Guldahl (November 22, 1911 – June 11, 1987) was an American professional golfer, one of the top five players in the sport from 1936 to 1940. He won sixteen PGA Tour-sanctioned tournaments, including three majors championships (two U.S. Opens and one Masters).

Craig Wood (golfer)
Craig Ralph Wood (November 18, 1901 – May 7, 1968) was an American professional golfer in the 1930s and 1940s, the winner of 21 PGA Tour titles including two major championships and a member of three Ryder Cup teams (1931, 1933, 1935).

Wood was the first player to lose all four major championships in extra holes. His major wins came late in his career at age 39, winning the first two of 1941, the Masters and U.S. Open.
Zubeida Agha
Zubeida Agha (Urdu: زبیدہ آغا; 1922–1997) was among the first Pakistani Modern Artists. After the creation of Pakistan in 1947, she was the first artist to hold an exhibition of her paintings. She helped bring the modern idiom to Pakistan.

Sadequain
Syed Sadequain Ahmed Naqvi (Urdu: سیّد صادِقَین احمد نقوی) TI PP SI NI (30 June 1930 – 10 February 1987), and often referred to as Sadequain Naqqash, was a historical Pakistani artist and poet best known for his skills as a calligrapher and a painter. He is considered one of the finest painters and calligraphers Pakistan has ever produced, having painted around 15000 paintings.  He is also recognised as the only artist in Pakistan to have received all four civilian awards such as the Nishan-i-Imtiaz, Sitara-i-Imtiaz, Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, and Pride of Performance.

He was also a poet, writing hundreds of rubāʿiyāt in the style of Omar Khayyam and Sarmad Kashani.
Clan Cameron
Clan Cameron is a West Highland Scottish clan, with one main branch Lochiel, and numerous cadet branches. The Clan Cameron lands are in Lochaber, and within their lands lies Ben Nevis, the highest mountain in the British Isles. The Chief of the clan is customarily referred to as simply "Lochiel".

Clan Macdonald of Clanranald
Clan Macdonald of Clanranald, also known as Clan Ranald (Scottish Gaelic: Clann Raghnaill [ˈkʰl̪ˠãũn̪ˠ ˈrˠɤ̃ː.ɪʎ]), is a Highland Scottish clan and a branch of Clan Donald, one of the largest Scottish clans. The founder of the Macdonalds of Clanranald is Reginald, 4th great-grandson of Somerled. The Macdonalds of Clanranald descend from Reginald's elder son Allan and the MacDonells of Glengarry descend from his younger son Donald.

The clan chief of the MacDonalds of Clanranald is traditionally designated as The Captain of Clanranald and "Son of Ailein's son" (Scottish Gaelic: Mac Mhic Ailein) and today both the chief and clan are recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the heraldic judge in Scotland.
Licentiate
A licentiate (abbreviated Lic.) is an academic degree awarded in many countries, by a variety of types of educational (usually tertiary) institutions, after a variety of courses of study.  It can represent completion of study at different educational levels, in Europe it is commonly for postgraduate studies program.

The ecclesiastical licentiate is also a postgraduate degree preparatory to a ecclesiastical doctoral degree when issued by pontifical universities and certain other universities in Europe. The ecclesiastical licentiate in the civil system is considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.

The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) is a not-for-profit medical professional and educational institution, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences. It was established in 1784 as the national body for the surgical branch of medicine in Ireland, with a role in supervision of training, and as of 2021 provides a broad range of medical education in multiple countries.

RCSI's main campus is situated on St. Stephen's Green and York Street in central Dublin and incorporates schools of medicine, pharmacy and biomolecular sciences, physiotherapy, population health, dentistry and nursing and midwifery.  It offers undergraduate and postgraduate education in a number of healthcare fields.

RCSI was ranked first in the world for SDG3 Good Health and Well-being in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2025.
Lausanne railway station
Lausanne railway station (French: Gare de Lausanne) is the main intercity and regional railway station for the city of Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland. It is often known as Lausanne CFF to distinguish it from others in the town.

Martigny railway station
Martigny railway station (French: Gare de Martigny, German: Bahnhof Martigny) is a railway station in the municipality of Martigny, in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Simplon line of Swiss Federal Railways and the junction of the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) Martigny–Châtelard and standard gauge Martigny–Orsières lines of Transports de Martigny et Régions and RegionAlps, respectively.

The station has five tracks. Three tracks are located on the Simplon line, served by a side platform and island platform. There is a bay platform on each end of the station, serving the Martigny–Châtelard and Martigny–Orsières lines.
Gerald Wallace
Gerald Jermaine Wallace (born July 23, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player. Nicknamed "Crash", he was named an NBA All-Star and voted to the NBA All-Defensive First Team while with the Charlotte Bobcats in 2010. He played college basketball for the Alabama Crimson Tide.

Chris Babb
Chris Babb (born February 14, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for BCM Gravelines-Dunkerque of the French LNB Pro A. He played college basketball for Pennsylvania State University and Iowa State University.
Maia, Portugal
Maia (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmajɐ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Porto Metropolitan Area), Grande Porto subregion, in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located 11 km north of central Porto. The population in 2011 was 135,306, in an area of 82.99 km2 (32.04 sq mi). There is one city (Cidade da Maia) and three towns (Moreira, Castêlo da Maia and Águas Santas) in the municipality.

Matosinhos
Matosinhos, officially the City of Matosinhos, is a city and a municipality in the district of Porto in Portugal. The municipality covers an area of approximately 62.42 square kilometres (24.10 sq mi) and had 172,557 inhabitants in 2021. It is bordered by the municipalities of Porto to the south, Maia to the east and Vila do Conde to the north and the Atlantic Ocean lies to its west. It is a part of the Porto metropolitan area, the second largest urban area in Portugal.

The city of Matosinhos is the seat of the municipality and it is located at the mouth of the Leça River, only 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) away from Porto's city center. It comprises the parishes of Matosinhos and Leça da Palmeira, which had 49,034 inhabitants in 2021. There are two other cities within the municipality, São Mamede de Infesta and Senhora da Hora, in the east of the municipality.
Suzanne Crouch
Suzanne Crouch (born February 27, 1952) is an American politician who served as the 52nd lieutenant governor of Indiana, from 2017 to 2025. She previously served as the 56th state auditor of Indiana from 2014 to 2017. In 2024 she ran for governor of Indiana, losing the primary election to U.S. Senator Mike Braun.

A member of the Republican Party, Crouch served in the Indiana House of Representatives from 2005 to 2014. On December 15, 2013, Governor Mike Pence appointed her to serve as the 56th state auditor of Indiana. Crouch was reelected to that position in 2014. She resigned as state auditor following her election as lieutenant governor of Indiana in 2016.

Eric Holcomb
Eric Holcomb (/ˈhoʊlkəm/ HOHL-kəm; born May 2, 1968) is an American politician who served as the 51st governor of Indiana, from 2017 to 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he served from 2016 to 2017 as the 51st lieutenant governor of Indiana under Governor Mike Pence, who left the governorship in 2017 to become the vice president of the United States. Holcomb was nominated to fill the remainder of Lieutenant Governor Sue Ellspermann's term after she resigned on March 2, 2016, to become president of Ivy Tech Community College. He won the 2016 election for governor of Indiana over Democratic nominee John R. Gregg, and was reelected in 2020 over Democratic nominee Woody Myers and Libertarian nominee Donald Rainwater.