hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Empty set
In mathematics, the empty set or void set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality (count of elements in a set) is zero. Some axiomatic set theories ensure that the empty set exists by including an axiom of empty set, while in other theories, its existence can be deduced. Many possible properties of sets are vacuously true for the empty set.

Any set other than the empty set is called non-empty.

In some textbooks and popularizations, the empty set is referred to as the "null set".  However, null set is a distinct notion within the context of measure theory, in which it describes a set of measure zero (which is not necessarily empty).

Initial and terminal objects
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that for every object X in C, there exists precisely one morphism I → X.

The dual notion is that of a terminal object (also called terminal element): T is terminal if for every object X in C there exists exactly one morphism X → T. Initial objects are also called coterminal or universal, and terminal objects are also called final.

If an object is both initial and terminal, it is called a zero object or null object.  A pointed category is one with a zero object.

A strict initial object I is one for which every morphism into I is an isomorphism (strict terminal objects are defined analogously).
Sadiq al-Mahdi
Sadiq al-Mahdi (Arabic: الصادق المهدي, romanized: aṣ-Ṣādiq al-Mahdī; 25 December 1935 – 26 November 2020), also known as Sadiq as-Siddiq, was a Sudanese political and religious figure who was Prime Minister of Sudan from 1966 to 1967 and again from 1986 to 1989. He was head of the National Umma Party and Imam of the Ansar, a Sufi order that pledges allegiance to Muhammad Ahmad (1844–1885), who claimed to be the Mahdi, the messianic saviour of Islam.

List of heads of government of Sudan
This article lists the heads of government of Sudan since the establishment of the office of Chief Minister of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1952.

The office of prime minister was abolished after the 1989 coup d'état, and reestablished in 2017 as deputy head of government when Bakri Hassan Saleh was appointed prime minister by President Omar al-Bashir.

The current prime minister is Kamil Idris. He was appointed by the Transitional Sovereignty Council on 31 May 2025.
Los Angeles County, California
Los Angeles County, sometimes abbreviated as LA County, is the most populous county in the United States, with 9,757,179 residents estimated in 2024. Its population is greater than that of 40 individual U.S. states. Comprising 88 incorporated cities and 101 unincorporated areas within a total area of 4,083 square miles (10,570 km2), it accommodates more than a quarter of Californians and is one of the most ethnically diverse U.S. counties. The county's seat, Los Angeles, is the second most populous city in the United States, with 3,878,704 residents estimated in 2024. The county is globally known as the home of the U.S. motion picture industry since its inception in the early 20th century.

La Crescenta-Montrose, California
La Crescenta-Montrose (pronunciationⓘ) is an unincorporated area in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The community is bordered by Glendale to the south and west, La Cañada Flintridge to the east, and Angeles National Forest to the north. According to the United States Census Bureau, the La Crescenta-Montrose Census-Designated Place (CDP) measures about 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2), and the population was 19,997 at the 2020 census, up from 19,653 in 2010 and 18,532 in 2000.
Evanston, Illinois
Evanston is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Evanston lies on Lake Michigan 12 miles (19 km) north of the Loop. It is bordered by Wilmette to the north, Skokie to the west, Chicago to the south, and the lake to the east. Evanston had a population of 78,110 as of 2020.

Founded by Methodist business leaders in 1857, the city was incorporated in 1863. Evanston is home to Northwestern University, founded in 1851 before the city's incorporation, one of the world's leading research universities. Today known for its ethnically diverse population, Evanston is heavily shaped by the influence of Chicago, externally, and Northwestern, internally. The city and the university share a historically complex long-standing relationship.

Glencoe, Illinois
Glencoe (/ˈɡlɛnˌkoʊ/) is a lakefront village in northeastern Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,849. Glencoe is part of Chicago's North Shore and one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois. According to the United States Census Bureau, the median household income in Glencoe was $228,750 in 2022.
General officer
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry.

In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel.

Colonel commandant
Colonel commandant is a military title used in the armed forces of some English-speaking countries. The title, not a substantive military rank, could denote a senior colonel with authority over fellow colonels. Today, the holder often has an honorary role outside the executive military structure, such as advocacy for the troops.
Heilongjiang
Heilongjiang (lit. 'Black Dragon River') is a province in northeast China. It is the northernmost and easternmost province of the country and contains China's northernmost point (in Mohe City along the Amur) and easternmost point (at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri rivers).

The province is bordered by Jilin to the south and Inner Mongolia to the west. It also shares a border with Russia (Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai and Zabaykalsky Krai) to the north and east. The capital and the largest city of the province is Harbin. Among Chinese provincial-level administrative divisions, Heilongjiang is the sixth-largest by total area, the 20th-most populous, and the second-poorest by GDP per capita after only Gansu province.

The province takes its name from the Amur river which marks the border between the People's Republic of China and Russia.

Heilongjiang has significant agricultural production, and raw materials, such as timber, oil, and coal.

Shuangyashan
Shuangyashan (simplified Chinese: 双鸭山; traditional Chinese: 雙鴨山; pinyin: Shuāngyāshān) is a coal mining prefecture-level city located in the eastern part Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, bordering Russia's Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais to the east. The city's name means a pair-of-ducks mountains and refers to two peaks northeast of the city. In 2007 the city had a GDP of RMB 20.6 billion with a 14.2% growth rate.At the end of 2024, the total registered population was 1,336,100, including 850,300 in urban areas and 485,800 in rural areas. ( According to the annual report of the population and its changes of Shuangyashan Public Security Bureau)
Lombard League
The Lombard League (Latin: Societas Lombardiae; Italian: Lega Lombarda) was an alliance of cities formed in 1167, and supported by the popes, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman emperors to establish direct royal administrative control over the cities of the Kingdom of Italy (which was part of the Holy Roman Empire) after many decades of de facto local self-governance.

At its apex, it included most of the cities of Northern Italy, but its membership changed with time. With the death of the third and last Hohenstaufen emperor, Frederick II, in 1250, it became obsolete and was disbanded. Although having mainly a military purpose, the Lombard League also had its own stable government (Rectores Lombardiae, i.e. Regents of Lombardy), because of which it can be considered as one of the first examples of confederation in Europe.

Medieval commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city. These took many forms and varied widely in organization and makeup.

Communes are first recorded in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, thereafter becoming a widespread phenomenon. They had greater development in central-northern Italy, where they became city-states based on partial democracy. At the same time in Germany they became free cities, independent from local nobility.
Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.

University of Leicester
The University of Leicester (/ˈlɛstər/ ⓘ LEST-ər) is a public research university based in Leicester, England. The main campus is south of the city centre, adjacent to Victoria Park. The university's predecessor, University College, Leicester, gained university status in 1957.

The university had an income of £395.0 million in 2024/25, of which £84.9 million was from research grants, with an expenditure of £407.3 million.

The university is known for the invention of genetic fingerprinting, and for partially funding the discovery and the DNA identification of the remains of King Richard III in Leicester.
Please Help Me, I'm Falling
"Please Help Me, I'm Falling" is a 1960 song written by Don Robertson and Hal Blair and first recorded by Hank Locklin. The single was Locklin's most successful recording and was his second number one on the country charts. "Please Help Me, I'm Falling" spent 14 weeks at the top spot and spent nine months on the country chart and crossed over to the Hot 100 peaking at number eight.

Send Me the Pillow You Dream On
"Send Me the Pillow You Dream On" is a country song written and recorded by Hank Locklin. The song has become a standard for the Nashville sound, and has been covered by pop, country, and bluegrass artists.

Locklin first released the song in 78-disc 4 Star Records 1360 in September 1949, but it did not hit the charts. Locklin re-released it in December 1957 on RCA Victor 47-7127 single, and it peaked at No. 5 on Billboard's chart of "Most Played C&W by Jockeys" and crossed over to the pop charts. There is some ambiguity about the song's title:  the original 1949 version and occasional later ones render it as "Send Me the Pillow That You Dream On", the phrase used consistently in the lyrics, but most versions use the shorter  title.
Kontinental Hockey League
The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL; Russian: Континентальная хоккейная лига (КХЛ), romanized: Kontinental'naya khokkeynaya liga) is an international professional ice hockey league founded in 2008. It comprises member clubs based in Russia (19), Belarus (1), Kazakhstan (1), and China (1) for a total of 22 clubs.

The KHL had in 2025 total attendance of 5,706,785 spectators in the regular season and the average attendance of 7,256 spectators per game in the regular season.  The Gagarin Cup is awarded annually to the league's playoff champion at the end of each season.

Russian Major League (1992–2010)
The Russian Major League or Vysshaya Liga (Russian: Высшая лига чемпионата России по хоккею с шайбой, Supreme League of the Russian Ice Hockey Championship), also referred as Higher League or Major League and commonly abbreviated as RUS-2, was a second level professional ice hockey league in Russia.
Anastasius I Dicorus
Anastasius I Dicorus (Ancient Greek: Ἀναστάσιος, romanized: Anastásios; c. 431 – 9 July 518) was Eastern Roman emperor from 491 to 518. A career civil servant, he came to the throne at the age of 61 after being chosen by Ariadne, the wife of his predecessor, Zeno. His reign was characterized by reforms and improvements in the empire's government, finances, economy and bureaucracy. The resulting stable government, reinvigorated monetary economy and sizeable budget surplus allowed the empire to pursue more ambitious policies under his successors, most notably Justinian I. Since many of Anastasius' reforms proved long-lasting, his influence over the empire endured for centuries.

Anastasius was a Monophysite Christian and his personal religious tendencies caused tensions throughout his reign in the empire that was becoming increasingly divided along religious lines. He was the last non-Chalcedonian to rule the Byzantine Empire.

Henotikon
The Henotikon (/həˈnɒtɪkən, həˈnɒtɪkɒn/; Ancient Greek: ἑνωτικόν henōtikón "act of union") was a Christological document issued by Byzantine emperor Zeno in 482, in an unsuccessful attempt to reconcile the differences between the supporters of the Council of Chalcedon and the council's opponents (Non-Chalcedonian Christians). It was followed by the Acacian schism.
Noah Cyrus
Noah Lindsey Cyrus (born January 8, 2000) is an American singer and actress. As a child actress, she voiced the titular character in the English dub of the film Ponyo (2008), and appeared in minor roles on shows including  Hannah Montana and Doc. In 2016, she made her debut as a singer with the single "Make Me (Cry)" featuring Labrinth, which peaked at number 46 on the Billboard Hot 100. Cyrus has released three extended plays: Good Cry (2018), The End of Everything (2020), People Don't Change (2021). Her first full-length album The Hardest Part was released on September 16, 2022, to widespread critical acclaim. Her second studio album I Want My Loved Ones to Go with Me was released on July 11, 2025. She was nominated for Best New Artist at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards. Cyrus is the youngest child of Billy Ray Cyrus and Tish Cyrus, and the younger sister of Miley Cyrus.

Brandi Cyrus
Brandi Cyrus (born Brandi Glenn Helson;  May 26, 1987) is an American actress and DJ. She was the co-host Cyrus vs. Cyrus: Design and Conquer on Bravo and is a co-host of the Your Favorite Thing podcast.

Out of six siblings, as she has three brothers and two sisters, Cyrus is the first and eldest daughter of country singer Billy Ray Cyrus.

As of December 2025, Brandi is engaged to Matt Southcombe, an Australian motorcycle enthusiast who is a father of one to a 13 year old son named Cohen Southcombe.
Kildare county football team
The Kildare county football team represents Kildare in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Kildare GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Leinster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Kildare's home ground is St Conleth's Park, Newbridge. The team's manager is Brian Flanagan.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 2000, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1928 and has never won the National League.

Meath county football team
The Meath county football team represents Meath in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Meath GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Leinster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Meath's home ground is Páirc Tailteann, Navan. The team's manager is Robbie Brennan.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1999 and the National League in 1994.
Flood (producer)
Mark Ellis (born 16 August 1960), known by his professional pseudonym Flood, is an English record producer and audio engineer known for working with a wide range of rock and synthpop musicians.

Flood's list of work includes projects with New Order, U2, Nine Inch Nails, Marc and the Mambas, Depeche Mode, Gary Numan, Sneaker Pimps, King, Ministry, The Charlatans, Thirty Seconds to Mars, Erasure, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, PJ Harvey, Foals, a-ha, Orbital, Sigur Rós, The Jesus and Mary Chain, The Smashing Pumpkins, The Killers, White Lies, Pop Will Eat Itself, Warpaint, EOB, James and Interpol. His co-production collaborations have included projects with Brian Eno, Daniel Lanois, Steve Lillywhite, and longtime collaborator Alan Moulder, with whom he co-founded the Assault & Battery Studios complex. In 2006, his work with U2 led to his sharing of the Grammy Award for Album of the Year for How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb.

Daniel Lanois
Daniel Roland Lanois CM (/lænˈwɑː/ lan-WAH, French: [lanwa]; born September 19, 1951) is a Canadian record producer and musician.

He has produced albums by artists including Bob Dylan, Neil Young, Peter Gabriel, Robbie Robertson, Emmylou Harris, Willie Nelson, and Harold Budd. He collaborated with Brian Eno to create the ambient genre and produce several albums for U2, including The Joshua Tree (1987) and Achtung Baby (1991). Three albums produced or co-produced by Lanois have won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Four other albums received Grammy nominations.

Lanois has released several solo albums. He wrote and performed the music for the 1996 film Sling Blade, and provided several vocal tracks for Red Dead Redemption 2.
Sunset Shimmer
Sunset Shimmer is a fictional character who appears in the fourth incarnation of Hasbro's My Little Pony toyline and media franchise, beginning with My Little Pony: Equestria Girls (2013). She serves as the main antagonist of the first Equestria Girls film before becoming a main character throughout the spin-off franchise. She is voiced by Rebecca Shoichet, who also provides the singing voice of Twilight Sparkle.

Sunset Shimmer is depicted as a former anthropomorphic unicorn from Equestria who becomes human after traveling through a magic mirror to the human world. Originally Princess Celestia's student before Twilight Sparkle, she abandons her studies in pursuit of power and crossed into the human world, where she becomes a student at Canterlot High School.

Pinkie Pie
Pinkamena "Pinkie" Diane Pie is a fictional character who appears in the fourth incarnation of Hasbro's My Little Pony toyline and media franchise, beginning with My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic (2010–2019). She is a close friend of Twilight Sparkle, serving as a core member of the group of main characters collectively known as the Mane Six. She is voiced by Andrea Libman, who also voices Fluttershy, and her singing voice is provided by Shannon Chan-Kent.

Pinkie Pie is depicted as an energetic, enthusiastic, and eccentric anthropomorphic earth pony with a talent for baking, party planning, and bringing joy to others. She works as a baker at Sugarcube Corner in Ponyville and is known for her seemingly random behavior, fourth wall breaks, "Pinkie Sense" clairvoyance, and tendency to burst into song. Pinkie represents the Element of Laughter in the Elements of Harmony. She lives in the apartment above Sugarcube Corner with her pet alligator, Gummy.
1939 Massachusetts legislature
The 151st Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1939 during the governorship of Leverett Saltonstall. Joseph R. Cotton served as president of the Senate and Christian Herter served as speaker of the House.

"1939 was the first year the General Court began meeting every other year instead of annually. ...No session was held in 1940 and no legislation or other materials relating thereof was published during that year."

1949–1950 Massachusetts legislature
The 156th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1949 and 1950 during the governorship of Paul A. Dever. Chester A. Dolan Jr. and Harris S. Richardson served as presidents of the Senate. Thomas P. O'Neill served as speaker of the House.

In 1949, after 90 years of Republican control of the House, Democrats gained a majority. In 1950, the General Court passed a bill prohibiting racial discrimination or segregation in housing.
Daucus carota
Daucus carota, whose common names include wild carrot, European wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, carrot flower, and Queen Anne's lace (North America), is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is native to temperate regions of the Old World with a number of regional subspecies, and is naturalised widely elsewhere. Carrots cultivated as a food crop are cultivars of the domesticated subspecies Daucus carota subsp. sativus.

Angelica sylvestris
Angelica sylvestris or wild angelica is a species of flowering plant, native to Europe and central Asia. An annual or short-lived perennial growing to a maximum of 2.5 m (8.2 ft), it has erect purplish stems and rounded umbels of minuscule white or pale pink flowers in late summer.
Elliott Sadler
Elliott William Barnes Sadler (born April 30, 1975) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 10 Chevrolet Camaro for Kaulig Racing. Sadler is one of 36 drivers who have at least one win in each of NASCAR's top three series. A native of Emporia, Virginia, he is the younger brother of former NASCAR driver Hermie Sadler.

Joe Nemechek
Joseph Frank Nemechek III (born September 26, 1963) is an American professional stock car racing driver. The 1992 NASCAR Busch Series champion, he has the second most national series (Cup, Xfinity, Truck) starts in NASCAR history.

He is the older brother of racing driver John Nemechek. He is the father of John Hunter Nemechek, who competes full-time in the Cup Series for Legacy Motor Club. He is nicknamed "Front-Row Joe", which was coined by former teammate Wally Dallenbach for his tendency in the late 1990s to be a regular contender for a front-row starting position.
Indonesian National Party
The Indonesian National Party (Indonesian: Partai Nasional Indonesia, abbr.  PNI) was the name used by several nationalist political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until 1973. The first PNI was established by future President Sukarno. After independence, the new PNI supplied a number of prime ministers, and participated in the majority of cabinets in the 1950s and 1960s. The party was fused into the Indonesian Democratic Party in 1973. In the years following the reforms of the late 1990s, a number of parties claiming to be the continuation of previous PNIs stood in elections, but gained only a handful of seats.

Indonesian Islamic Union Party
Indonesian Islamic Union Party (Indonesian: Partai Sarekat Islam Indonesia) was an Islamic political party in Indonesia before and after independence. In 1973 it was merged into the United Development Party.