hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
County Borough of Croydon
The County Borough of Croydon was a local government district in and around the town of Croydon in north east Surrey, England from 1889 to 1965.  Since 1965 the district has been part of the London Borough of Croydon within Greater London.

County Borough of West Ham
West Ham was a local government district in the extreme south west of Essex from 1886 to 1965, forming part of the built-up area of London, although outside the County of London. It was immediately north of the River Thames and east of the River Lea.
Thomas Chalmers
Thomas Chalmers FRSE (17 March 1780 – 31 May 1847), was a Scottish Presbyterian minister, professor of theology, political economist, and a leader of both the Church of Scotland and of the Free Church of Scotland. He has been called "Scotland's greatest nineteenth-century churchman".

He served as Vice-president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh from 1835 to 1842.

The New Zealand town of Port Chalmers was named after Chalmers. A bust of Chalmers is on display in the Hall of Heroes of the National Wallace Monument in Stirling.

The Thomas Chalmers Centre in Kirkliston is named after him.

David Welsh
David Welsh FRSE (11 December 1793 – 24 April 1845) was a Scottish Presbyterian minister and academic. He was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1842. In the Disruption of 1843 he was one of the leading figures in the establishment of the Free Church of Scotland.
Mudvayne
Mudvayne is an American heavy metal band formed in Peoria, Illinois, in 1996. Known for their sonic experimentation, face and body paint, masks and uniforms, the band has sold over five million records worldwide.  The group consists of lead guitarist Greg Tribbett, drummer Matthew McDonough, lead vocalist Chad Gray, bassist Ryan Martinie and live rhythm guitarist Marcus Rafferty. The band became popular in the late-1990s Peoria underground music scene, and they found success with the single "Dig" from their debut album L.D. 50 (2000). After releasing four more albums and touring for nearly a decade, Mudvayne went on hiatus in 2010. They reunited in 2021, continuing to perform live, and on August 28, 2025, released their first new song in sixteen years, titled "Hurt People Hurt People".

Sevendust
Sevendust is an American rock band from Atlanta, Georgia, formed in 1994 by bassist Vinnie Hornsby, drummer Morgan Rose, and guitarist John Connolly. After their first demo, lead vocalist Lajon Witherspoon and guitarist Clint Lowery joined the group. Following a few name changes, the members settled on Sevendust and released their self-titled debut album in 1997, which sold only 310 copies in its first week but ultimately achieved gold certification.

Since their formation, Sevendust have attained success with three consecutive RIAA gold-certified albums, a Grammy nomination, and have sold millions of records worldwide. The group has released a total of 14 studio albums.
De La Salle Green Archers and Lady Archers
The De La Salle Green Archers and Lady Archers are the varsity teams representing De La Salle University in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines, among other leagues. The "Green Archer" is the traditional university mascot. While the university's teams are collectively referred to as the Green Archers and Lady Archers, each team carries a specific moniker that references the sport that they play. At the high school level, the university is represented by De La Salle Santiago Zobel School's varsity program called the Zobel Junior Archers and Lady Junior Archers.

NU Bulldogs, Lady Bulldogs, Bullpups and Lady Bullpups
The NU Bulldogs, Lady Bulldogs, Bullpups and Lady Bullpups are the collegiate men's and women's, and high school men's and women's, respectively, varsity teams of National University (NU) in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines.

The athletic director is Rustico “Otie” Camangian.
Railway privatisation in Argentina
Railway privatisation in Argentina was a process which began in 1989 under the presidency of Carlos Menem, following a series of neoliberal economic reforms. This primarily consisted of breaking up the state-owned railway company Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA) and allowing the former lines to be operated by private companies instead of the state.

This policy was met with widespread criticism and proved catastrophic for the Argentine railways whose service worsened significantly in the years that followed, with entire lines closing and infrastructure deteriorating beyond repair. Privatisation was ultimately reversed in 2015 with the creation of Nuevos Ferrocarriles Argentinos.

Railway nationalisation in Argentina
The railway nationalisation in Argentina occurred on 1 March 1948, during President Juan Perón's first term of office, when the seven British- and three French-owned railway companies then operating in Argentina were purchased by the state. These companies, together with those that were already state-owned, where grouped, according to their track gauge and locality, into a total of six state-owned companies which later became divisions of the state-owned holding company Ferrocarriles Argentinos.
Gary Harris
Gary Harris Jr. (born September 14, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Michigan State Spartans.

Adreian Payne
Adreian DeAngleo Payne (February 19, 1991 – May 9, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Atlanta Hawks, Minnesota Timberwolves, and Orlando Magic as well as for several European and Asian teams. Payne played college basketball for the Michigan State Spartans.
Type 23 frigate
The Type 23 frigate or Duke class is a class of frigates built for the United Kingdom's Royal Navy. The ships are named after British Dukes, thus leading to the class being commonly known as the Duke class. The first Type 23, HMS Norfolk, was commissioned in 1989, and the sixteenth, HMS St Albans was commissioned in June 2002. They form the core of the Royal Navy's destroyer and frigate fleet and serve alongside the Type 45 destroyers. They were designed for anti-submarine warfare, but have seen a range of duties. Eight Type 23 frigates remain in service with the Royal Navy, with three vessels having been sold to the Chilean Navy and five being retired since 2021.

The Royal Navy's Type 23 frigates will be replaced by the Type 26 Global Combat Ship and the Type 31 frigate. As of 2021 it is anticipated that HMS St Albans will be the last to retire from the Royal Navy, in 2035.

Leander-class frigate
The Leander-class, or Type 12I (Improved) frigates, comprising twenty-six vessels, was among the most numerous and long-lived classes of frigate in the Royal Navy's modern history. The class was built in three batches between 1959 and 1973. It had an unusually high public profile, due to the popular BBC television drama series Warship. The Leander silhouette became synonymous with the Royal Navy through the 1960s until the 1980s.

The Leander design or derivatives of it were built for other navies:

Royal New Zealand Navy as the Leander class

Chilean Navy: Condell class

Royal Australian Navy: River class

Indian Navy: Nilgiri class

Royal Netherlands Navy: Van Speijk class
List of submachine guns
This is a list of submachine guns.

It includes Submachine guns (SMG), Machine pistols (MP), Personal defense weapon systems (PDW), and  "compact submachine gun-like weapons" not easily categorized. Weapons may fit in more than one category.

List of carbines
A carbine (/ˈkɑːrbiːn/ or /ˈkɑːrbaɪn/), from French carabine, is a long arm firearm but with a shorter barrel than a rifle or musket. Many carbines are shortened versions of full-length rifles, shooting the same ammunition, while others fire lower-powered ammunition, typically ranging from pistol/PDW to intermediate rifle cartridges.

Below is the list of carbines:
Operation Deadlight
Operation Deadlight was the code name for the Royal Navy operation of November 1945 – February 1946 to scuttle German U-boats surrendered to the Allies after the defeat of Germany near the end of World War II. After the surrender, political discussions continued between the Allies concerning the final disposal of the surviving German naval vessels, the result of which was an agreement to retain 30 U-boats in total, to be divided equally between the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union. The remainder would be scuttled.

Scuttling
Scuttling is the act of deliberately sinking a ship by allowing water to flow into the hull, typically by its crew opening holes in its hull.

Scuttling may be performed to dispose of an abandoned, old, or captured vessel; to prevent the vessel from becoming a navigation hazard; as an act of self-destruction to prevent the ship from being captured by an enemy force; as a blockship to restrict navigation through a channel or within a harbor; to provide an artificial reef for divers and marine life; or to alter the flow of rivers.
Major Ritchie
Major Josiah George Ritchie (18 October 1870 – 28 February 1955) was a tennis player from Great Britain. Major was his first name, not a military title. He was born in Westminster, educated at Brighton College and died in Ashford, Middlesex.

Arthur Gore (tennis)
Arthur William Charles Wentworth Gore (2 January 1868 – 1 December 1928) was a British tennis player.

He is best known for winning three singles titles at the Wimbledon Championship and was runner-up a record 5 times (shared with Herbert Lawford). He also won gold medals at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, winning the Men's Indoor Singles and the Men's Indoor Doubles (with Herbert Barrett). He also competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. Gore's Wimbledon win in 1909, at age 41, makes him the oldest person to date to win a Grand Slam singles title.
Spirit of Daytona Racing
Spirit of Daytona Racing (known as Visit  Florida Racing from 2015 to 2018) was an auto racing team that competed last in the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship Prototype Class with the No. 90 Cadillac DPi-V.R, driven by Tristan Vautier, Matt McMurry and Eddie Cheever III.

Action Express Racing
Action Express Racing (AXR) dba Cadillac Whelen for the 2025 season is a sports car racing team that currently competes in the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship. The team is owned by NASCAR CEO Jim France and run by Bob Johnson and former NASCAR champion crew chief Gary Nelson. Based in Denver, North Carolina, the team currently fields the No. 31 Whelen Engineering Cadillac V-LMDh for Jack Aitken, Earl Bamber and Frederik Vesti.
Aschaffenburg (district)
Aschaffenburg (Low Franconian: Aschebersch) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Darmstadt-Dieburg, Offenbach, Main-Kinzig (all in the state of Hesse), the districts Main-Spessart and Miltenberg, and the City of Aschaffenburg.

Spessart
Spessart (German pronunciation: [ˈʃpɛsaʁt] ⓘ) is a Mittelgebirge, a range of low wooded mountains, in the States of Bavaria and Hesse in Germany. It is bordered by the Vogelsberg, Rhön and Odenwald. The highest elevation is the Geiersberg at 586 metres above sea level.
Hummus
Hummus (/ˈhʊməs/, /ˈhʌməs/; Arabic: حُمُّص, romanized: ḥummuṣ, lit. 'chickpeas', also spelled hommus or houmous), (full name: Hummus Bi Tahini)  is a Levantine dip, spread, or savory dish made from cooked, mashed chickpeas blended with tahini, lemon juice, and garlic. The standard garnish includes olive oil, a few whole chickpeas, parsley, and paprika.

The earliest mention of hummus was in a 13th century cookbook attributed to the historian Ibn al-Adim from Aleppo in present-day Syria.

Commonly consumed in Levantine cuisine, it is usually eaten as a dip with pita bread. In the West, it is produced industrially and consumed as a snack or appetizer with crackers or vegetables.

Ful medames
Ful medames (Arabic: فول مدمس, romanized: fūl midammis IPA: [fuːl meˈdammes]; other spellings include ful mudammas and  foule mudammes), or simply fūl, is a stew of cooked fava beans served with olive oil, cumin, and optionally with chopped parsley, garlic, onion, lemon juice, chili pepper and other vegetables, herbs, and spices. Ful medames is traditionally made in and served out of a large metal jug. It is notably a staple food in Sudan and Egypt and is considered a national dish, especially in the northern cities of Cairo and Gizah. Fava beans can also sometimes be found in other cuisines in the Middle East, and Africa, though cooked differently.
Lyss railway station
Lyss railway station (German: Bahnhof Lyss) is a railway station in the municipality of Lyss, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It sits at the junction of the standard gauge Biel/Bienne–Bern, Lyss–Solothurn, and Palézieux–Lyss lines of Swiss Federal Railways.

Kerzers railway station
Kerzers railway station (German: Bahnhof Kerzers, French: Gare de Chiètres) is a railway station in the municipality of Kerzers, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is located at the junction of the standard gauge Bern–Neuchâtel line of BLS AG and the standard gauge Palézieux–Lyss line of Swiss Federal Railways.
Clubs (suit)
Clubs (♣) (French: Trèfle) is one of the four playing card suits in the standard French-suited playing cards. The symbol was derived from that of the suit of Acorns in a German deck when French suits were invented, around 1480.

In Skat and Doppelkopf, Clubs are the highest-ranked suit (whereas Diamonds and Bells are the trump suit in Doppelkopf). In Bridge, Clubs are the lowest suit.

Spades (suit)
Spades (♠) (French: Pique) is one of the four playing card suits in the standard French-suited playing cards. It has the same shape as the leaf symbol in German-suited playing cards but its appearance is more akin to that of an upside down black heart with a stalk at its base. It symbolises the pike or halberd, two medieval weapons, but is actually an adaptation of the German suit symbol of Leaves created when French suits were invented around 1480.

In bridge, spades rank as the highest suit. In skat and similar games, it is the second-highest suit.
Murray County, Georgia
Murray County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,973. The county seat is Chatsworth. Murray County is part of the Dalton, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Chattanooga-Cleveland-Dalton, TN-GA-AL Combined Statistical Area.

Fannin County, Georgia
Fannin County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,319. It is one of the most rural counties in Georgia due its location in the Appalachian Mountain Range, with about 90% of the population of Fannin County living in unincorporated lands. The county seat and largest city is Blue Ridge. The county was created on January 21, 1854, and is named after James Fannin, a veteran who fought in the Texas Revolution.
Far Rockaway
Far Rockaway is a neighborhood on the eastern part of the Rockaway peninsula in the New York City borough of Queens. It is the easternmost section of the Rockaways. The neighborhood extends from Beach 32nd Street east to the Nassau  County line. Its southern boundary is the Atlantic Ocean; it is one of the neighborhoods along Rockaway Beach.

Far Rockaway is located in Queens Community District 14 and its ZIP Codes are 11691 and  11693. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 101st Precinct.

Arverne, Queens
Arverne is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens, on the Rockaway Peninsula. It was initially developed by Remington Vernam, whose signature "R. Vernam" inspired the name of the neighborhood. Arverne extends from Beach 54th Street to Beach 79th Street, along its main thoroughfare Beach Channel Drive, alternatively known as Rev. Joseph H. May Drive.

Arverne is located in Queens Community District 14 and its ZIP Code is 11692. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 100th Precinct.
List of rivers of the United States: I
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - XYZ

This is a list of rivers in the United States that have names starting with the letter I.  For the main page, which includes links to listings by state, see List of rivers in the United States.

List of rivers of the United States: W
A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – W – XYZ

This is a list of rivers in the United States that have names starting with the letter W.  For the main page, which includes links to listings by state, see List of rivers in the United States.
Deportes La Serena
Club de Deportes La Serena S.A.D.P., is a Chilean football club based in the city of La Serena, Coquimbo Region. The club was founded 9 December 1955 and currently plays in the Liga de Primera. Their home games are played at the La Portada stadium, which has a capacity of 18,254 seats. Their biggest rival is Coquimbo Unido. They are nicknamed "Gigante de La Cuarta", because of the Copa Chile they won back in the 1960, being the only club in the region that has this trophy

O'Higgins F.C.
O'Higgins Fútbol Club (Spanish: [oˈxiɣins ˈfuðβol ˈkluβ]), also known as O'Higgins de Rancagua, is a Chilean professional football club based in Rancagua, that currently plays in the Liga de Primera. The club's home stadium is Estadio El Teniente, opened in 1945 and renovated for the 2015 Copa América, which was hosted by Chile.

Founded in 1955, the club was named in honour of the country's founding father and supreme director Bernardo O'Higgins, after the merger of the clubs O'Higgins Braden and América de Rancagua. O'Higgins has won two Primera B titles, and in 2013 they won their first top-flight championship against Universidad Católica, coached by Eduardo Berizzo; they later won the 2014 Supercopa de Chile on penalty kicks against Deportes Iquique.
Robert Rauschenberg
Milton Ernest "Robert" or "Bob" Rauschenberg (October 22, 1925 – May 12, 2008) was an American painter and graphic artist whose early works anticipated the Pop art movement. Rauschenberg is well known for his Combines (1954–1964), a group of artworks which incorporated everyday objects as art materials and which blurred the distinctions between painting and sculpture. Rauschenberg was primarily a painter and a sculptor, but he also worked with photography, printmaking, papermaking and performance.

Rauschenberg received numerous awards during his nearly 60-year artistic career. Among the most prominent were the International Grand Prize in Painting at the 32nd Venice Biennale in 1964 and the National Medal of Arts in 1993.

Rauschenberg lived and worked in New York City and on Captiva Island, Florida, until his death on May 12, 2008.

Chuck Close
Charles Thomas Close (July 5, 1940 – August 19, 2021) was an American painter, visual artist, and photographer who made massive-scale photorealist and abstract portraits of himself and others. Close also created photo portraits using a very large format camera. He adapted his painting style and working methods in 1988, after being paralyzed by an occlusion of the anterior spinal artery.
Zong (mobile network)
CMPak Limited, doing business as Zong (Urdu: زونگ), is a Pakistani mobile network operator. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of China Mobile.

It is the first overseas setup of China Mobile through acquisition of a license from Millicom to operate a GSM network in Pakistan in 2008.

It is Pakistan's second-largest mobile service provider with a subscriber base of 53 million, among which 43 million are 4G/LTE subscribers. With over 14,000 4G enabled sites across the country, it has a market share of 26% among cellular operators in the country.

Jazz (mobile network operator)
Pakistan Mobile Communications Limited (PMCL), doing business as Jazz, is a Pakistani mobile network operator headquartered in Islamabad.

It is currently led by chief executive officer (CEO) Aamir Hafeez Ibrahim.

As of January 2026, Jazz has 74 million subscribers in Pakistan, among which 55 million are 4G subscribers. It has the highest market share of all mobile network operators at 37%.
Windsor, New Hampshire
Windsor is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 262 at the 2020 census. It is the location of the Wediko Children's Services Summer Program and of Windsor Mountain International, a summer adventure and travel camp founded in 1961. It is also the home of Windsor Hills Camp and Retreat Center, a ministry of the Church of the Nazarene.

Antrim, New Hampshire
Antrim is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,651 at the 2020 census. The main village in the town, where 1,395 people lived at the 2020 census, is defined as the Antrim census-designated place (CDP) and is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 202 and New Hampshire Route 31. The town of Antrim also includes the villages of Antrim Center, North Branch, and Clinton Village.
Iga Baumgart-Witan
Iga Baumgart-Witan (born 11 April 1989) is a Polish sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. She won several medals at major championships as part of Polish 4 × 400 metres relays, including a gold in the mixed relay and a silver in the women's relay at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

Baumgart-Witan represented Poland in relays at the 2012 London and 2016 Rio Olympics as well as at five World Championships. She won three Polish national titles.

Justyna Święty-Ersetic
Justyna Święty-Ersetic (Polish pronunciation: [jusˈtɨna ˈɕfjɛntɨ ɛrˈsɛtit͡s]; née Święty, born 3 December 1992) is a Polish sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. She was the 2018 European champion and a two-time European Indoor Championship medallist in this event. Święty-Ersetic won many medals at major championships as part of Polish 4 × 400 m relays, including a gold in the mixed relay and a silver in the women's relay at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

She is multiple Polish national outdoor and indoor champion.
British Academy
The British Academy for the Promotion of Historical, Philosophical and Philological Studies is the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and the social sciences.
It was established in 1902 and received its royal charter in the same year. It is now a fellowship of more than 1,000 leading scholars spanning all disciplines across the humanities and social sciences and a funding body for research projects across the United Kingdom. The academy is a self-governing and independent registered charity, based at 10–11 Carlton House Terrace in London.

The British Academy is primarily funded with annual government grants. In 2022, £49.3m of its £51.7m of charitable income came from the Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy – in the same year it took in around £2.0m in trading income and £0.56m in other income.  This funding is expected to continue under the new Department for Business and Trade.

Burkitt Medal
The Burkitt Medal is awarded annually by the British Academy "in recognition of special service to Biblical Studies". Awards alternate between Hebrew Bible studies (odd years) and New Testament studies (even years). It was established in 1923 and has been awarded to many notable theologians. It is named in honour of Francis Crawford Burkitt.