hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 48 (Soden), before the French Revolution was called Codex Colbertinus 2844. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia. According to the textual critics it is one of the best minuscule manuscripts of the New Testament.

Minuscule 661
Minuscule 661 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 179 (von Soden), is a Greek language minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 639e.
John Kander
John Harold Kander (born March 18, 1927) is an American composer, known largely for his work in the musical theater. As part of the songwriting team Kander and Ebb (with lyricist Fred Ebb), Kander wrote the scores for 15 musicals, including Cabaret (1966) and Chicago (1975), both of which were later adapted into acclaimed films. He and Ebb also wrote the standard "New York, New York" (officially known as "Theme from New York, New York"). The team received numerous nominations, including eleven for Tony Awards (won four, followed by a Lifetime Achievement Award for Kander), two nominations for Academy Awards, and five for Golden Globe Awards.

Jerry Bock
Jerrold Lewis Bock (November 23, 1928 – November 3, 2010) was an American musical theater composer. He received the Tony Award for Best Musical and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama with Sheldon Harnick for their 1959 musical Fiorello! and the Tony Award for Best Composer and Lyricist for the 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof with Sheldon Harnick.
Crystal City, Virginia
Crystal City is an urban neighborhood in the southeastern corner of Arlington County, Virginia, approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Downtown Washington, D.C. Due to its extensive integration of office buildings, residential high-rise buildings, and stores using underground corridors, it is possible to travel much of the neighborhood without going above ground, making part of Crystal City an underground city.

Crystal City hosts several aerospace manufacturing and defense industry companies, public sector consulting firms, government contractors, the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Marshals Service, satellite offices for the Pentagon, and nonprofit organizations, including the International Foundation for Electoral Systems and the national headquarters for PBS.

Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, the busiest airport in the Washington metropolitan area, serves more than 25 million passengers annually in recent years and is located adjacent to Crystal city.

Ballston, Virginia
Ballston is a neighborhood in Arlington County, Virginia. Ballston is located at the western end of the Rosslyn-Ballston corridor. It is a major transportation hub and has one of the nation's highest concentrations of scientific research institutes and research and development agencies, including  DARPA, the Office of Naval Research, the Advanced Research Institute of Virginia Tech, the Air Force Research Laboratory, and engineering, management, and public sector consulting firms. Ballston includes a section known as Virginia Square and sometimes the area is collectively known as Ballston-Virginia Square.

Ballston proper is served by the Ballston–MU station, and the Virginia Square section of Ballston is served by the Virginia Square-GMU station, both of which are on the Orange and Silver Lines of the Washington Metro. By some measures, Ballston is the densest neighborhood in the Washington metropolitan area.
Sherri Tenpenny
Sherri J. Tenpenny is an American anti-vaccination activist and conspiracy theorist. An osteopathic physician by training, she is the author of four books opposing vaccination. In 2023 the State Medical Board of Ohio indefinitely suspended Tenpenny's medical license for failure to participate in its investigations. Her license was restored in 2024.

Her 2015 lecture tour of Australia was canceled due to a public outcry over her absolute vaccine opposition, which fails to acknowledge established scientific consensus. A 2021 Center for Countering Digital Hate analysis concluded that Tenpenny is among the top twelve people spreading COVID-19 misinformation and pseudoscientific anti-vaccine misinformation on social media platforms. She has falsely asserted that the vaccines magnetize people and connect them with cellphone towers.

Del Bigtree
Del Matthew Bigtree is an American television and film producer who is the CEO of the anti-vaccination group Informed Consent Action Network. He produced the film Vaxxed: From Cover-Up to Catastrophe, based on the discredited opinions of Andrew Wakefield, and alleges an unsubstantiated connection between vaccines and autism. He served as communications director for Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s 2024 presidential campaign and subsequently took a leading role in two groups associated with Kennedy's political career.

His frequent public speaking engagements and an influx of funding in 2017 have made Bigtree, who has no medical training, one of the most prominent voices in the anti-vaccination movement. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bigtree propagated conspiracy theories about the origin of the virus and COVID vaccines, and urged his audience to ignore the advice of health authorities.
Minuscule 658
Minuscule 658 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 1215 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 636e.

Minuscule 782
Minuscule 782 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε466 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents.
Gevork Kotiantz
Gevork Vartanovich Kotiantz (Armenian: Գևորգ Վարդանի Կոթյանց; Russian: Гево́рк Варта́нович Котья́нц; 12 November 1909 – 28 August 1996) was a Soviet Armenian painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

Leonid Tkachenko (artist)
Leonid Anisimovich Tkachenko (Russian: Леони́д Ани́симович Ткаче́нко; 28 March 1927 – December 2020) was a Soviet and Russian painter. A member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), he lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the "left" wing of the Leningrad school of painting.
Book of Haggai
The Book of Haggai (/ˈhæɡaɪ/; Hebrew: ספר חגי, romanized: Sefer Ḥaggay) is a book of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and is the third-to-last of the Twelve Minor Prophets. It is a short book, consisting of only two chapters. The historical setting dates around 520 BC, before the Temple had been rebuilt. The original text was written in Biblical Hebrew.

Book of Zechariah
The Book of Zechariah (/ˌzɛk.əˈraɪ.ə/; Biblical Hebrew: זְכַרְיָה‎, romanized: Zəḵaryāh); also Zachariah or, in the Septuagint and Vulgate, Zacharias (/ˌzæk.əˈraɪ.əs/; Koine Greek: Ζαχαρίας, romanized: Zakharías; Late Latin: Zacharias), is a Jewish text attributed to Zechariah, a Hebrew prophet of the late 6th century BC. In the Hebrew Bible, the text is included as part of the Twelve Minor Prophets, itself a part of the second division of that work. In the Christian Old Testament, the Book of Zechariah is considered to be a separate book and consists of fourteen chapters.
Japanese cruiser Myōkō
Myōkō (妙高) was the lead ship of the four-member Myōkō class of heavy cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), which were active in World War II. She was named after Mount Myōkō in Niigata Prefecture. The other ships of the class were Nachi, Ashigara, and Haguro.

Japanese cruiser Sendai
Sendai (川内 軽巡洋艦, Sendai keijun'yōkan) was a Sendai-class light cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was named after the Sendai River in southern Kyūshū. Sendai was the lead ship of the three vessels completed in her class of light cruisers, and like other vessels of her class, she was intended for use as the flagship of a destroyer flotilla.
Nikolai Baskakov (painter)
Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Баска́ков; May 8, 1918 – October 14, 1993) was a Soviet painter, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), who lived and worked in Leningrad,  regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.

Gevork Kotiantz
Gevork Vartanovich Kotiantz (Armenian: Գևորգ Վարդանի Կոթյանց; Russian: Гево́рк Варта́нович Котья́нц; 12 November 1909 – 28 August 1996) was a Soviet Armenian painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.
Christian Oberstolz
Christian Oberstolz (born 8 August 1977 in Innichen) is an Italian luger who has competed since 1997. He won seven medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with two silvers (Men's doubles: 2011, Mixed team: 2007) and five bronzes (Men's doubles: 2015, 2016, Doubles sprint: 2016, Mixed team: 2004, 2005).

At the FIL European Luge Championships, Oberstolz won nine medals with two golds (Men's doubles: 2008, 2014), four silvers (Men's doubles: 2004; Mixed team: 2004, 2006, 2013) and three bronzes (Men's doubles: 2006; Mixed team: 2012, 2014).

Oberstolz has competed in three Winter Olympics, earning his best finish of fourth in the men's doubles event at Vancouver in 2010.

He won the overall men's doubles Luge World Cup title in 2004–05.

Oberstolz is married to fellow Russian-Italian luger Anastasia Oberstolz-Antonova who sat out the 2006–07 Luge World Cup season to pregnancy, giving birth to a daughter, Alexandra, on 14 May 2007.

Felix Loch
Felix Loch (German pronunciation: [ˈfeːlɪks ˈlɔx]; born 24 July 1989) is a German luger and Olympic champion. He has been competing since 1995 and on the German national team since 2006. He has won fourteen medals at the FIL World Luge Championships, including twelve golds (Men's singles: 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016; Men's sprint 2016:  Mixed team event: 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016) and two silvers (Men's singles: 2011, 2015). Loch's men's singles win in 2008 made him the youngest world champion ever at 18 years old. He is the youngest Olympic Gold Medalist in men's luge history. As of 2022, Loch is a triple Olympic gold medalist.
Milan Šufflay
Milan Šufflay (8 November 1879 – 19 February 1931) was a Croatian historian and politician. He was one of the founders of Albanology and the author of the first Croatian science fiction novel. As a Croatian nationalist, he was persecuted in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and his murder subsequently caused an internationally publicized affair.

Ivo Pilar
Ivo Pilar (19 June 1874 – 3 September 1933), sometimes known as Ivo Pillar, was a Croatian historian, politician, publicist and lawyer, considered the father of Croatian geopolitics. His book The South Slav Question is a seminal work on the South Slav geopolitical issues.
Spingold
The Spingold national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Spingold is a knock-out team event that attracts the top contract bridge players in the world. The event typically lasts seven days with each day being a round consisting of four sessions of 16 boards. The event is open and seeded.

Jacoby Open Swiss Teams
The Jacoby Open Swiss Teams national bridge championship is held at the spring American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Jacoby Open Swiss Teams is a four session Swiss Teams event with two qualifying and two final sessions. The event typically starts on the second Saturday of the NABC. The event is open.
Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Matveevich Pozdneev (Russian: Никола́й Матве́евич Поздне́ев; 28 September 1930 – 10 June 1978) was a Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, representative of the Leningrad School of Painting, most known for his genre and still life paintings.

Victor Otiev
Victor Alexandrovich Otiev (Russian: Ви́ктор Алекса́ндрович О́тиев; 24 February 1935 – 7 June 1999) was a Soviet, Russian painter, graphic artist, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence (MOD or MoD) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for implementing the defence policy set by the government and serves as the headquarters of the British Armed Forces.

Officially, its principal objectives are to defend the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its interests and to strengthen international peace and stability. The MOD also manages day-to-day running of the armed forces, contingency planning and defence procurement.

The expenditure, administration and policy of the MOD are scrutinised by the Defence Select Committee, except for Defence Intelligence which instead falls under the Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament.

The Ministry of Defence has been involved in commercial activities; an example of which is their 2025 announcement to supply Norway with warships, the UK's largest warship export deal by value.

Minister of State for Defence Readiness and Industry
The Minister of State for Defence Readiness and Industry is, as a Minister of State, a mid-level defence minister in the Ministry of Defence of the British Government. The current incumbent of the post, Labour MP Luke Pollard, was appointed in September 2025.
Voyageurs Cup
The Voyageurs Cup (French: Coupe des Voyageurs) is the domestic trophy for professional soccer in Canada, awarded to the best men's club in the country.

The trophy was conceived and commissioned by fans of the Canada men's national team, the Voyageurs. From 2002 to 2007, the cup was awarded annually to the Canadian team finishing with the best record in the USL First Division, from regular-season matches against other Canadian teams in the league. Since 2008, the trophy has been presented to the winner of the Canadian Championship, which also awards Canada's berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup. The current cup holders are Vancouver Whitecaps FC, after winning the 2025 Canadian Championship.

Canadian Soccer Association
The Canadian Soccer Association (French: Association canadienne de soccer; branded as Canada Soccer) is the governing body for soccer in Canada. Headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, the federation is a full member of FIFA and governs Canadian soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, youth organizations, beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic and deaf national teams. The Canadian Soccer Association also administers and operates the Canadian Premier League, the Canadian Championship, and the Futsal Canadian Championship.
Hazuki (wrestler)
Reo Hazuki (葉月レオ, Hazuki Reo; born September 29, 1997), better known by her ring name Hazuki, is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working for the World Wonder Ring Stardom promotion. She also appears for Stardom's partners Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and Spark Joshi Puroresu of America, being the current CMLL Japanese Women's Champion and Spark Joshi World Champion.

In Stardom, Hazuki is a former four-time Artist of Stardom Champion, three-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion and one-time High Speed Champion. Hazuki was also one of the winners of the 2021 Goddesses of Stardom Tag League.

Tomoka Inaba
Tomoka Inaba (稲葉ともか, Inaba Tomoka; born July 24, 2002) is a Japanese professional wrestler. She is signed to Professional Wrestling Just Tap Out, where she is a former four-time Queen of JTO Champion and a two-time JTO Girls Tag Team Champion. She also appears with JTO’s partners World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she is a member of God's Eye. She is well known for working with other independent promotions such as Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Wave.
Aaron Holiday
Aaron Shawn Holiday (born September 30, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins, where he earned All-American recognition. He was selected by the Indiana Pacers in the first round of the 2018 NBA draft with the 23rd overall pick.

Holiday played in high school in Los Angeles, where he was ranked among the top players nationally. He was a starter as a college freshman in 2015–16 before becoming the Bruins' leading reserve the following year. As a junior, he returned to the starting lineup as the Bruins' point guard, when he was named a third-team All-American and received first-team all-conference and all-defensive honors in the Pac-12. He played three seasons for Indiana before being traded to the Washington Wizards and later to the Phoenix Suns. Holiday is the younger brother of the current NBA player Jrue Holiday, and former NBA player Justin Holiday.

Isaiah Todd
Isaiah Todd (born October 17, 2001) is an American professional basketball player for Kaohsiung Steelers of the P. League+. He was a consensus five-star recruit and one of the best power forwards in the 2020 class. A former Michigan commit, Todd chose to forgo his college eligibility to become the last player to sign with NBA G League Ignite before it ceased operations. He finished his high school career at the Word of God Christian Academy in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Zoot Sims
John Haley "Zoot" Sims (October 29, 1925 – March 23, 1985) was an American jazz saxophonist, playing mainly tenor but also alto (and, later, soprano) saxophone. He first gained attention in the "Four Brothers" sax section of Woody Herman's big band, afterward enjoying a long solo career, often in partnership with fellow saxmen Gerry Mulligan and Al Cohn.

Johnny Griffin
John Arnold Griffin III (April 24, 1928 – July 25, 2008) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. Nicknamed "the Little Giant" for his short stature and forceful playing, Griffin began his career in the mid-1940s and continued until the month of his death. A pioneering figure in hard bop, Griffin recorded prolifically as a bandleader in addition to stints with the pianist Thelonious Monk and the drummer Art Blakey, in partnership with his fellow tenor Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, and as a member of the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band after he moved to Europe in the 1960s. In 1995, Griffin was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music.
Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.

Ewe language
Ewe (endonym: Eʋe or Eʋegbe [ɛβɛɡ͡bɛ]) or Togolese is a language spoken by approximately 5 million people in West Africa, mainly in Ghana and Togo. Ewe is part of a group of related languages commonly called the Gbe languages. The other major Gbe language is Fon, which is mainly spoken in Benin. Like many African languages, Ewe is tonal as well as a possible member of the Niger-Congo family.

The German Africanist Diedrich Hermann Westermann published many dictionaries and grammars of Ewe and several other Gbe languages. Other linguists who have worked on Ewe and closely related languages include Gilbert Ansre (tone, syntax), Herbert Stahlke (morphology, tone), Nick Clements (tone, syntax), Roberto Pazzi (anthropology, lexicography), Felix K. Ameka (semantics, cognitive linguistics), Alan Stewart Duthie (semantics, phonetics), Hounkpati B. Capo (phonology, phonetics), Enoch Aboh (syntax), and Chris Collins (syntax).
Simon Ammann
Simon Ammann (/ˈsiːmɒn/; born 25 June 1981) is a Swiss ski jumper. He is one of the most successful athletes in the history of the sport, having won four individual Winter Olympic gold medals in 2002 and 2010. His other achievements include winning the 2007 Ski Jumping World Championships, the 2010 Ski Flying World Championships, the 2010 Nordic Tournament, and the 2010 Ski Jumping World Cup overall title.

Thomas Morgenstern
Thomas Morgenstern (born 30 October 1986) is an Austrian former ski jumper who competed from 2002 to 2014. He is one of the most successful ski jumpers of all time, having won the World Cup overall title twice with 23 individual wins, the Four Hills Tournament and the Nordic Tournament once each, eight World Championship gold medals (one individual, seven team), and three Winter Olympic gold medals (one individual, two team).
Dickinson, North Dakota
Dickinson is a city in and the county seat of Stark County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 25,679 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh most populous city in North Dakota. Dickinson, founded in 1881, is also home to Dickinson State University.

Since the North Dakota oil boom the city has become one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States. According to the 2020 census, the city is estimated to have a population of 25,679, however, other sources have estimates of the population at 33,646 or possibly exceeding 35,000. Dickinson is home to the Ukrainian Cultural Institute, which has a museum and holds events year-round for the local Ukrainian community.

Dickinson is the principal city of the Dickinson Micropolitan Statistical Area, a micropolitan area that covers Billings and Stark counties and had a combined population of 34,591 at the 2020 census.

Minot, North Dakota
Minot (/ˈmaɪnɒt/ ⓘ MY-not) is a city in and the county seat of Ward County, North Dakota, United States. With a population of 48,377 at the 2020 census, Minot is the state's fourth-most populous city. The Minot metropolitan area in north-central North Dakota covers McHenry, Renville, and Ward counties and had a combined population of 77,546 at the 2020 census.

Minot was founded in 1886 during the construction of James J. Hill's Great Northern Railway. Minot is also known as "Magic City", commemorating its remarkable growth in size over a short time. It is a trading center for a large part of northern North Dakota, southwestern Manitoba, and southeastern Saskatchewan. It is most widely known for the Minot Air Force Base, approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of the city.
Pranayama
Pranayama (Sanskrit: प्राणायाम, "Prāṇāyāma") is the yogic practice of controlling the breath in Hinduism. It is described in Hindu texts such as the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita; in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, it is one of the eight limbs of yoga. In classical yoga, the breath is associated with the life energy or prana. Later, in Hatha yoga texts, it meant the complete suspension of breathing. The pranayama practices in modern yoga as exercise differ from those of the Hatha yoga tradition, often using the breath in synchrony with movements.

Dhāraṇā
Dhāraṇā (Sanskrit: धारणा) is the sixth limb of eight elucidated by Patanjali's Ashtanga Yoga or Raja Yoga in his Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. It is directing and maintaining the mind's attention to a specific location of the body after sense-withdrawal has been attained.