hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Alston
Charles Henry "Spinky" Alston (November 28, 1907 – April 27, 1977) was an American painter, sculptor, illustrator, muralist and teacher who lived and worked in the New York City neighborhood of Harlem. Alston was active in the Harlem Renaissance; Alston was the first African-American supervisor for the Works Progress Administration's Federal Art Project. Alston designed and painted murals at the Harlem Hospital and the Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Building. In 1990, Alston's bust of Martin Luther King Jr. became the first image of an African American displayed at the White House.

Augusta Savage
Augusta Savage (born Augusta Christine Fells; February 29, 1892 – March 27, 1962) was an American sculptor associated with the Harlem Renaissance. She was also a teacher whose studio was important to the careers of a generation of artists who would become nationally known. She worked for equal rights for African Americans in the arts.
Province of Cuneo
The province of Cuneo (Italian: provincia di Cuneo; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Coni) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west, it borders the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (departments of Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes), to the north the Metropolitan City of Turin, to the east the province of Asti and to the south the Ligurian provinces of Savona and Imperia. It is also known as la Provincia Granda (Piedmontese for 'The Big Province'), because it is the largest province in Piedmont and the fourth-largest in Italy (following Sassari, South Tyrol and Foggia). Briga Marittima and Tenda were part of this province before their cession to France in 1947.

Ligurian Alps
The Ligurian Alps are a mountain range in northwestern Italy. A small part is located in France. They form the south-western extremity of the Alps, separated from the Apennines by the Colle di Cadibona. The Col de Tende and the Vermenagna valley separate them from the Maritime Alps. They form the border between Piedmont in the north and Liguria in the south.
Fu Haifeng
Fu Haifeng (born 23 August 1983) is a Chinese badminton player. He is considered one of the all-time greats of badminton. Combining Fu Haifeng's impressive power with his regular partner Cai Yun's impressive speed, he has won numerous top tier events on the world circuit including the All England Open in 2005 and 2009 and the BWF World Championships in 2006, 2009, 2010 and 2011. Cai and Fu have helped China win five consecutive Thomas Cup (World men's team championships) (2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012) and four consecutive Sudirman Cup (World mixed team championships) (2005, 2007, 2009 and 2011). Cai and Fu also competed together in the Olympic games 3 times, including the 2004, the 2008 and the 2012 Olympic Games.

Carsten Mogensen
Carsten Mogensen (born 24 July 1983) is a former badminton player from Denmark. He was the gold medalist at the 2015 European Games, two time European champions winning in 2012 and 2017, and the silver medalist at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Mogensen was a former world number 1 in the BWF World ranking together with Mathias Boe.
Asturian language
Asturian (/æˈstʊəriən/; asturianu [astuˈɾjanʊ]) is a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Asturian is part of a wider linguistic group, the Asturleonese languages. The number of speakers is estimated at 100,000 (native) and 450,000 (second language). The dialects of the Astur-Leonese language family are traditionally classified in three groups: Western, Central, and Eastern. For historical and demographic reasons, the standard is based on Central Asturian. Asturian has a distinct grammar, dictionary, and orthography. It is regulated by the Academy of the Asturian Language. Although it is not an official language of Spain, it is protected under the Statute of Autonomy of Asturias and is an elective language in schools. For much of its history, the language has been ignored or "subjected to repeated challenges to its status as a language variety" due to its lack of official status.

Cantabrian language
Cantabrian (cántabru, in Cantabrian) is a vernacular Romance linguistic variety, most often classified as part of the Asturleonese linguistic group. It is indigenous to the territories in and surrounding the Autonomous Community of Cantabria, in Northern Spain. The language is currently relegated to the rural dialects, while most of the population speaks a more or less standard version of Spanish.

Traditionally, some dialects of this group have been further grouped by the name Montañés ('from the Mountain'), La Montaña ('the Mountain') being a traditional name for Cantabria due to its mountainous topography. Currently, this name is reserved for the western dialect, grouping under the name of Pasiegu the variety of the eastern valleys.
2017 IIHF Women's World Championship
The 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship was the 18th edition of the Top Division of the Women's Ice Hockey World Championship organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The tournament was held in Plymouth Township, Michigan, United States from 31 March to 7 April 2017. The USA Hockey Arena served as the event's venue using Arena I and Arena II.

Three-time defending champions, the United States, winning their fourth consecutive and eighth overall title, after defeated Canada in the gold medal game 3–2 after overtime. Finland won the bronze medal by beating Germany 8–0.

2022 IIHF Women's World Championship
The 2022 IIHF Women's World Championship was the 21st edition of the Top Division of the Women's Ice Hockey World Championship organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The tournament was contested in Herning and Frederikshavn, Denmark, from 25 August to 4 September 2022, at the KVIK Hockey Arena, and Scanel Hockey Arena. Historically, a top division tournament was not played during Olympic years, but in September 2021, the IIHF announced the change to play the tournament each year, even during Olympic years.

Canada defeated the United States 2–1 in the final to win their record-extending 12th title.
Republic, Washington
Republic is a city in Ferry County, Washington, United States. The population was 992 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Ferry County. It was the largest mining camp in the Republic Mining District, and home to the "Hot Air Line" railway.

Eocene Okanagan Highlands
The Eocene Okanagan Highlands or Eocene Okanogan Highlands  are a series of Early Eocene geological formations which span a 1,000 km (620 mi) transect of British Columbia, Canada, and Washington state, United States. Known for a highly diverse and detailed plant and animal paleobiota the paleolake beds as a whole are considered one of the great Canadian Lagerstätten.  The paleobiota represented are of an upland subtropical to temperate ecosystem series immediately after the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum, and before the increased cooling of the middle and late Eocene to Oligocene.  The fossiliferous deposits of the region were noted as early as 1873, with small amounts of systematic work happening in the 1870–1920s on British Columbian sites, and 1920–1930s for Washington sites. Focus and more detailed descriptive work on the Okanagan Highland sites started in the late 1960s.
Ulmaceae
The Ulmaceae (/ʌlˈmeɪsi/) are a family of flowering plants that includes the elms (genus Ulmus), and the zelkovas (genus Zelkova). Members of the family are widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone, and have a scattered distribution elsewhere except for Australasia.

The family was formerly sometimes treated to include the hackberries, (Celtis and allies), but an analysis by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group suggests that these genera are better placed in the related family Cannabaceae.  It generally is considered to include ca 7 genera and about 45 species. Some classifications also include the genus Ampelocera.

Myricaceae
Myricaceae is a small family of dicotyledonous shrubs and small trees in the order Fagales. Its type genus is Myrica, the sweet gales. There are three genera in the family, although some botanists separate many species from Myrica into a fourth genus Morella. About 55 species are usually accepted in Myrica (with Morella included), one in Canacomyrica, and one in Comptonia.

Well-known members of this family include bayberry and sweetfern.

Canacomyrica Guillaumin 1940

Comptonia L'Hér. 1789

Myrica L. 1753 (includes Morella Lour. 1790)
Big band
A big band (historically referred to as jazz orchestra) is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. Big bands originated during the early 1910s and dominated jazz in the early 1940s when swing was most popular. The term "big band" is also used to describe a genre of music, although this was not the only style of music played by big bands.

Big bands started as accompaniment for dancing the Lindy Hop. In contrast to the typical jazz emphasis on improvisation, big bands relied on written compositions and arrangements. They gave a greater role to bandleaders, arrangers, and sections of instruments rather than soloists.

Capitol Records
Capitol Records, LLC (known legally as Capitol Records, Inc. until 2007), and simply known as Capitol, is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group through its Capitol Music Group imprint. It was founded as the first West Coast-based record label of note in the United States in 1942 by Johnny Mercer, Buddy DeSylva, and Glenn E. Wallichs. Capitol was acquired by British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary in 1955. EMI was acquired by Universal Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company a year later, making Capitol and the Capitol Music Group both distributed by UMG. The label's circular headquarters building is a recognized landmark of Hollywood, Los Angeles, California.
Orsha
Orsha (Belarusian: Орша; Russian: Орша, IPA: [ˈorʂə]; Polish: Orsza) is a city in Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It is situated on the fork of the Dnieper River and Arshytsa River, and it serves as the administrative center of Orsha District. As of 2025, it has a population of 101,662.

Slutsk
Slutsk is a town in Minsk Region, in central Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slutsk District, and is located on the Sluch River 105 km (65 mi) south of the capital Minsk. As of 2025, it has a population of 59,450.
Gucci
Gucci officially Guccio Gucci S.p.A. is an Italian luxury fashion house based in Florence, Tuscany. Its product lines include handbags, ready-to-wear, footwear, accessories, and home decoration; and it licenses its name and branding to Coty for fragrance and cosmetics under the name Gucci Beauty.

Gucci was founded in 1921 by Guccio Gucci (1881–1953) in Florence. Under the direction of Aldo Gucci (son of Guccio), Gucci became a global brand, and was considered emblematic of the Italian economic miracle. Following family feuds during the 1980s, the Gucci family was entirely ousted from the capital of the company by 1993. After this crisis, the brand was revived and in 1999 Gucci became a subsidiary of the French conglomerate PPR, which later renamed itself to Kering.

In 2024, Gucci operated 529 stores with 20,032 employees, and generated €7.65 billion in sales. Stefano Cantino has been CEO of Gucci since October 2024 and Demna creative director since March 2025.

Dries van Noten
Dries Van Noten (born 12 May 1958 in Antwerp), titled as Baron Van Noten since 2017, is a Belgian fashion designer and an eponymous fashion brand, which he co-founded with CEO and business partner Christine Mathys.
1990 Dunhill Cup
The 1990 Dunhill Cup was the sixth Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 11–14 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The Irish team of David Feherty, Ronan Rafferty, Philip Walton beat the English team of Richard Boxall, Howard Clark, and Mark James in the final. It was the second win in the Dunhill Cup for Ireland. (As in the World Cup, Ireland was represented by a combined Ireland and Northern Ireland team.)

1992 Dunhill Cup
The 1992 Dunhill Cup was the eighth Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 15–18 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The English team of David Gilford, Steven Richardson, and Jamie Spence beat the Scottish team of Gordon Brand Jnr, Sandy Lyle, and Colin Montgomerie in the final. It was the second win for England.
Teen Top
Teen Top (Korean: 틴탑) is a South Korean boy band formed by TOP Media in 2010. The group is composed of four members: Chunji, Niel, Ricky and Changjo. Originally a six-piece group, L.Joe had filed for contract termination in February 2017, and former leader C.A.P. left the group on May 11, 2023. Teen Top debuted with their first single album Come into the World on July 9, 2010.

Up10tion
Up10tion (Korean: 업텐션; pronounced eobtensyeon for "up tension", acronym for Unbelievable Perfect 10 members Teenager Idol Open Now) is a South Korean boy band formed by TOP Media in 2015. The group currently consists of seven members: Kuhn, Kogyeol, Bitto, Sunyoul, Gyujin, Hwanhee and Xiao. The group debuted with their first extended play Top Secret. In 2017, they made their Japanese debut with EP ID. Originally as ten, Jinhoo, Lee Jin-hyuk and Kim Woo-seok departed from the group on February 28, 2023.
Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.

Speech processing
Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of  signals. The signals are usually processed in a digital representation, so speech processing can be regarded as a special case of digital signal processing, applied to speech signals. Aspects of speech processing includes the acquisition, manipulation, storage, transfer and output of speech signals. Different speech processing tasks include speech recognition, speech synthesis, speaker diarization, speech enhancement, speaker recognition, etc.
Tributary
A tributary, or an affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (main stem or "parent"), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they flow, drain the surrounding drainage basin of its surface water and groundwater, leading the water out into an ocean, another river, or into an endorheic basin.

The Irtysh, a tributary of the Ob river, is the longest tributary river in the world with a length of 4,248 km (2,640 mi).
The Madeira River is the largest tributary river by volume in the world with an average discharge of 31,200 m3/s (1.1 million cu ft/s).

A confluence, where two or more bodies of water meet, usually refers to the joining of tributaries.

The opposite to a tributary is a distributary, a river or stream that branches off from and flows away from the main stream. Distributaries are most often found in river deltas.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
Star routes
Star routes is a term used in connection with the United States postal service and the contracting of mail delivery services. The term is defunct as of 1970, but still is occasionally used to refer to Highway Contract Routes (HCRs), which replaced the Star routes.  The term is mostly used in connection with a series of scandals in the 1870s involving bribes to postal officials.

Star Route scandal
The Star Route scandal was a political scandal in the United States, stemming from allegations of bribery and bid rigging in the United States Post Office Department which came to light as early as 1872 and which were the focus of public scrutiny following the election of President James A. Garfield. There were no fewer than four federal investigations into bribery in the postal service from 1872 through 1883. The scandal and public reaction to it contributed to the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act.
Luogang station
Luogang station (simplified Chinese: 萝岗站; traditional Chinese: 蘿崗站; pinyin: Luógǎng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Lògōng Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 6 and Line 7 of the Guangzhou Metro. Line 6 opened on 28 December 2016, whilst Line 7 opened on 28 December 2023.

Shuixi station
Shuixi station (Chinese: 水西站; pinyin: Shuìxī Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Séuisāi Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 7 and Line 21 of the Guangzhou Metro. Line 21 opened on 20 December 2019, whilst Line 7 opened on 28 December 2023.
Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
Primorje – Gorski Kotar County (Croatian: Primorsko-goranska županija, pronounced [prǐːmorsko-ɡǒranskaː ʒupǎnija]) is a county in west Croatia, most of it based in the historical and cultural region called Croatia proper and some of it in Istria, including the Bay of Kvarner, the surrounding Northern Croatian Littoral, and the mountainous region of Gorski Kotar. Its center is Rijeka. The county's population was 296,195 at the 2011 census.

The county includes the island territories of Krk, Cres, Lošinj and Rab. It borders Slovenia.

The county is divided:

Lika-Senj County
Lika-Senj County (Croatian pronunciation: [lǐːka sɛ̂ːɲ], Croatian: Ličko-senjska županija) is a county in Croatia that includes most of the Lika region and some northern coastline of the Adriatic near the town of Senj, including the northern part of the Pag island. Its center is Gospić.

The county is the least populated (42.469 in 2022) and among the least prosperous ones, though it is the largest county in the country by area and includes the Plitvice Lakes National Park and Sjeverni (North) Velebit National Park, some of Croatia's major tourist attractions.
North York Moors
The North York Moors is an upland area and national park in North Yorkshire, England. It contains one of the largest expanses of heather moorland in the United Kingdom.

The area was designated a national park in 1952, through the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The park covers an area of 554 sq mi (1,430 km2), and had a population of 22,935 at the 2021 census. It is administered by the North York Moors National Park Authority, which is based in Helmsley.

Filey
Filey (/ˈfaɪli/) is a seaside town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is located between Scarborough and Bridlington on Filey Bay. Although previously a fishing village, it has a large sandy beach and became a popular tourist resort.
According to the 2011 UK census, Filey parish had a population of 6,981, in comparison to the 2001 UK census population figure of 6,819, and a population of 6,870 in 1991.

Filey was historically mainly within the East Riding of Yorkshire, although until 1888 a small part of the town, including its parish church, was in the North Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974 the town was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire.
Bernardo O'Higgins
Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (Spanish pronunciation: [beɾˈnaɾðo oˈ(x)iɣins] ⓘ; 20 August 1778 – 24 October 1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence. He was a wealthy landowner of Basque-Spanish and Irish ancestry. Although he was the second Supreme Director of Chile (1817–1823), he is considered one of Chile's founding fathers, as he was the first holder of this title to head a fully independent Chilean state.

He was Captain General of the Chilean Army, Brigadier of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, General Officer of Gran Colombia, and Grand Marshal of Peru.

Joaquín Prieto
Joaquín Prieto Vial (Latin American Spanish: [xoˈse xo.aˈkim ˈpɾjeto]; August 20, 1786 – November 22, 1854) was a Chilean military and political figure. He was President of Chile between 1831 and 1841. Joaquín Prieto was of Spanish and Basque descent.
Novgorod Oblast
Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Новгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Novgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Veliky Novgorod. Some of the oldest Russian cities, including Veliky Novgorod and Staraya Russa, are located in the oblast. The historic monuments of Veliky Novgorod and surroundings have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Population: 583,387 (2021 Census).

Maryovsky District
Maryovsky District (Russian: Марёвский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Demyansky District in the north, Ostashkovsky and Penovsky Districts of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Andreapolsky District of Tver Oblast and Kholmsky District in the southwest, Poddorsky District in the west, and with Starorussky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,800 square kilometers (690 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Maryovo. District's population: 4,673 (2010 census); 5,711 (2002 Census); 6,835 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Maryovo accounts for 49.2% of the district's total population.
Taxus
Taxus is a genus of coniferous trees or shrubs known as yews in the family Taxaceae. Yews occur around the globe in temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, northernmost in Norway and southernmost in the South Celebes. Some populations exist in tropical highlands.

The oldest known fossil species are from the Early Cretaceous.

Holly
Ilex (/ˈaɪlɛks/) or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is Ilex aquifolium, the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards.
Gmina Wasilków
Wasilków commune is an urban-rural commune (administrative district) in Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the Wasilków town, which lies approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.Wasilków commune is located on the Supraśl River, surrounded by the forests of the Knyszyn Forest.

The commune covers an area of 127.17 square kilometres (49.1 sq mi), and as of 2024 its total population is 21 299 (out of which the population of Wasilków amounts to 12 831, and the population of the rural part of the commune is 8 468).

Podlaskie Voivodeship
Podlaskie Voivodeship (Polish: województwo podlaskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ pɔˈdlaskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. The name of the voivodeship refers to the historical region of Podlachia (in Polish, Podlasie), and significant part of its territory corresponds to that region. The capital and largest city is Białystok.

It borders the Masovian Voivodeship to the west, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship to the northwest, Lublin Voivodeship to the south, Belarus to the east, and Lithuania to the northeast.

The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998, from the former Białystok and Łomża Voivodeships and the eastern half of the former Suwałki Voivodeship.