hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dieppe
Dieppe (French pronunciation: [djɛp]; Norman: Dgieppe; prob. from Old English  dēōp or Old Norse djúpr 'deep') is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.

Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to Newhaven in England.

Famous for its scallops, Dieppe also has a popular pebbled beach, a 15th-century castle and the churches of Saint-Jacques and Saint-Remi. The mouth of the river Scie lies at Hautot-sur-Mer, directly to the west of Dieppe.

The inhabitants of the town of Dieppe are called Dieppois (m) and Dieppoise (f) in French.

Le Tréport
Le Tréport (French pronunciation: [lə tʁepɔʁ]) is a port town in the Seine-Maritime department in Normandy, France.

The three adjoining towns of Le Tréport, Eu and Mers-les-Bains are known locally as the "Three Sisters".
Pearl Street (Manhattan)
Pearl Street is a street in the Financial District in Lower Manhattan, running northeast from Battery Park to the Brooklyn Bridge with an interruption at Fulton Street, where Pearl Street's alignment west of Fulton Street shifts one block south of its alignment east of Fulton Street, then turning west and terminating at Centre Street.

South Street (Manhattan)
South Street is a street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, located immediately adjacent to the East River. It runs from Whitehall Street near the southern tip of Manhattan to Jackson Street near the Williamsburg Bridge. An elevated portion of FDR Drive, known as the South Street Viaduct, runs along the entire length of the street.

The street is noted for the South Street Seaport, south of the Brooklyn Bridge, and is the former site of the Fulton Fish Market, which was located just to the north of the seaport. Knickerbocker Village, a municipal housing project, fronts on South Street between the Brooklyn Bridge and Manhattan Bridge in the Two Bridges neighborhood. West of the seaport, South Street is the location of a number of buildings, including 55 Water Street and the New York City Police Museum.
Modern Language Association
The Modern Language Association of America, often referred to as the Modern Language Association (MLA), is widely considered the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of language and literature. The MLA aims to "strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature". The organization includes over 20,000 members in 100 countries, primarily academic scholars, professors, and graduate students who study or teach language and literature, including English, other modern languages, and comparative literature. Although founded in the United States, with offices in New York City, the MLA's membership, concerns, reputation, and influence are international in scope.

American Council of Learned Societies
The American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) is a private, nonprofit federation of 75 scholarly organizations in the humanities and related social sciences founded in 1919. It is best known for its fellowship competitions which provide a range of opportunities for scholars in the humanities and related social sciences at all career stages, from graduate students to distinguished professors to independent scholars, working with a number of disciplines and methodologies in the U.S. and abroad.
Diocese of the East
The Diocese of the East, also called the Diocese of Oriens (Latin: Dioecesis Orientis; Greek: Διοίκησις Ἑῴα), was a diocese of the later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire, incorporating the provinces of the western Middle East, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia. During late Antiquity, it was one of the major commercial, agricultural, religious and intellectual areas of the empire, and its strategic location facing the Sassanid Empire and the nomadic tribes gave it exceptional military importance.

Palaestina Prima
Palaestina Prima or Palaestina I was a Byzantine province that existed from the late 4th century until the Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 630s, in the region of Palestine. It included the historical regions of Judea, Samaria and the coastal plain. The province was temporarily lost to the Sassanid Empire (Persian Empire) in 614, but re-conquered in 628.
Vadamarachchi Operation Medal
The Vadamarachchi Operation Medal (Sinhala: වඩමාරච්චි මෙහෙයුම් පදක්කම vadamārachchi meheyum padakkama) was a campaign medal presented to all ranks of the regular and volunteer forces of the Military of Sri Lanka that served in the Vadamarachchi Operation (26 May 1987 to June 1987), the last major campaign carried out by the Sri Lankan military as part of Eelam War I before the arrival of the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka. The award was also awarded to civilians that aided in the operation.

North and East Operations Medal
The North and East Operations Medal (Sinhala: උතුරු නැගෙනහිර සංග්‍රාමික පදක්කම uthuru nægenahira sangrāmika padakkama) was a decoration presented to servicepersons of the Military of Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Police for service in the country's Northern and Eastern provinces during the course of the Sri Lankan Civil War between 23 July 1982 and 1 January 2010.
Maria Spinola
Maria Spinola (died 5 July 1659, Rome) was an Italian poisoner. She was one of the central figures of the infamous Spana Prosecution, one of only six to be executed among over forty people to be implicated.

Graziosa Farina
Graziosa Farina (died 5 July 1659, Rome) was an Italian poisoner. She was one of the central figures of the infamous Spana Prosecution, one of only six to be executed among over forty people to be implicated.
Belarus national under-21 football team
The Belarus national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Belarus and is controlled by the Football Federation of Belarus. The team competed in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, held every two years.

2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The 2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship was the 18th staging of UEFA's European Under-21 Championship. The final tournament was hosted by Denmark between 11 and 25 June 2011.

The Danish bid was chosen by UEFA's Executive Committee on 10 December 2008 in Nyon, Switzerland. This bid defeated the other bid from Israel.

Qualification for the final tournament took place between March 2009 and October 2010.

This competition also acted as a qualifier for the 2012 Summer Olympics, as 3 teams qualified.

Spain won their third title after defeating Switzerland 2–0 in the final.
Vladimir Chekalov
Vladimir Fedorovich Chekalov (Russian: Влади́мир Фё́дорович Чека́лов; July 6, 1922 – June 4, 1992) was a Russian Soviet realist painter and art teacher, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, and regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his battle and genre paintings.

Anna Kostrova
Anna Alexandrovna Kostrova (Russian: А́нна Алекса́ндровна Костро́ва; 22 November 1909 – 7 July 1994) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist and book illustrator, who lived and worked in Leningrad. She was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting.
Duiker
A duiker /ˈdaɪkər/ is a small to medium-sized brown antelope native to sub-Saharan Africa, found in heavily wooded areas. The 22 extant species, including three sometimes considered to be subspecies of the other species, form a clade or natural grouping, either considered to be the subfamily Cephalophinae or the tribe Cephalophini.

Ogilby's duiker
Ogilby's duiker (Cephalophus ogilbyi) is a small antelope found in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, southeastern Nigeria, Bioko Island and possibly Gabon. It is named after Irish zoologist William Ogilby.

The two former subspecies, the white-legged duiker Cephalophus crusalbum and the Brooke's duiker Cephalophus brookei, are considered by some taxonomists to be distinct species since 2011. Others, like the IUCN, still consider both species as subspecies of C. ogilbyi per their last assessments in 2016.

Ogilby's duikers weigh up to 20 kg (44 lb) and have a shoulder height of up to 56 cm (22 in). They vary in color from chestnut to mahogany to deep brown, and have massive hindquarters typical of duikers.

Ogilby's duikers live mainly in high-altitude rainforests, where they feed mainly on fallen fruit.

The total population is estimated to be 12,000 individuals for nominate subspecies C. o. ogilbyi, or approximately 35,000 if Brooke's and white-legged duiker are included.
Pipo Derani
Luís Felipe "Pipo" Derani (born 12 October 1993) is a Brazilian race car driver who is currently a factory driver for the Genesis Magma Racing program.  He is an overall winner of the 2016 24 Hours of Daytona and the 2016, 2018, 2019, and 2023 12 Hours of Sebring. Pipo is the son of the late Walter Derani and younger brother of Rafael Derani, both well-known Brazilian racing drivers.

Ben Keating
Benjamin Edward Keating (born August 18, 1971) is an American gentlemen driver and business owner operating out of Victoria, Texas. Keating is the owner of 30 car auto dealerships across Texas, The Keating Auto Group. Since starting auto racing in 2007, he has competed in many auto races worldwide, including the 24 Hours of Le Mans, 24 Hours of Daytona, 12 Hours of Sebring, and most recently the World Endurance Championship. He is the only American driver to have won multiple World Championships. Keating began racing in 2007 after receiving a weekend track driving course as a Christmas present from his wife.
MTV
MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable television channel and the flagship namesake property of the MTV Entertainment Group, a sub-division of the Paramount Media Networks division of Paramount Skydance. Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos and related music entertainment programming guided by television personalities known as video jockeys (VJs). MTV soon began establishing its presence overseas, eventually gaining an unprecedented cult following and becoming one of the major factors in cable programming's rise to fame, leading American corporations to dominate the television economy in the 1990s.

In the years since its inception, the channel significantly toned down its focus on music in favor of original reality programming for teenagers and young adults. As of November 2023, MTV is available to approximately 67 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 99 million households.

Showtime Networks
Showtime Networks, Inc. is a subsidiary of American media conglomerate Paramount Skydance Corporation under its networks division that oversees the company's premium cable television channels, including its flagship namesake service. It was founded on September 6, 1983.
AFCA Coach of the Year Award
The AFCA Coach of the Year Award is given annually to college football coaches by the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA). Separate awards are presented at all levels of U.S. college football. The AFCA as a whole presents the award for the four divisions of NCAA football—Division I FBS, Division I FCS, Division II, and Division III—plus the NAIA. The AFCA's section for community and junior colleges presents an identical award to a head coach at a two-year institution. The award has had several different sponsors over the years, including Eastman Kodak Corporation, and thus also been named the Kodak Coach of the Year Award.

The Sporting News College Football Coach of the Year
The Sporting News College Football Coach of the Year Award is an annual award given to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) college football's national coach of the year. The Sporting News (formerly now known as Sporting News from 2002 to 2022) established the award beginning in 1963.
List of prime ministers of Niger
This is a list of prime ministers of Niger since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Niger in 1983 to the present day.

A total of fifteen people have served as Prime Minister of Niger (not counting one acting prime minister). Additionally, three persons, Mamane Oumarou, Amadou Cissé and Hama Amadou have served on two non-consecutive occasions.

The current prime minister of Niger is Ali Lamine Zeine, who was appointed by the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland led by General Abdourahamane Tchiani on 8 August 2023, following a coup that overthrew President Mohamed Bazoum and the government of Prime Minister Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou.

Brigi Rafini
Brigi Rafini (born 29 March 1953) is a politician in Niger who served as the Prime Minister of Niger from 2011 to 2021. A native of Iférouane in Agadez Region and an ethnic Tuareg, Rafini was Minister of Agriculture in the late 1980s and Fourth Vice-President of the National Assembly of Niger from 2004 to 2009. He was appointed as prime minister after Mahamadou Issoufou took office as president on 7 April 2011. He is also notably the first Tuareg in office.
Harasta
33°34′N 36°22′E﻿ / ﻿33.567°N 36.367°E﻿ / 33.567; 36.367

Harasta (Arabic: حرستا, romanized: Ḥarastā, Syriac: ܚܪܣܬܐ, romanized: Ḥarastā), also known as Harasta al-Basal or Hirista, is a town and northeastern suburb of Damascus, Rif Dimashq, Syria. Harasta has an altitude of 702 meters. It has a population of 34,184 as of 2007, making it the 43rd largest city per geographical entity in Syria.

Douma, Syria
Douma or Duma (Arabic: دُومَا, romanized: Dūmā) is a city in Syria. Its centre is about 10 km (6 mi) northeast of the centre of Damascus. Being the capital of Rif Dimashq Governorate, the city is also the administrative centre of Douma District. Douma is a major city of the region known as Ghouta, for the peri-urban settlements to the east and south of Damascus.
First Dynasty of Egypt
The First Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty I) covers the first series of Egyptian kings to rule over a unified Egypt. It immediately follows the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, by Menes, or Narmer, and marks the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period, when power was centered at Thinis.

The date of this period is subject to scholarly debate about the Egyptian chronology. It falls within the early Bronze Age and is variously estimated to have begun anywhere between the 34th and the 30th centuries BC. In a 2013 study based on radiocarbon dates, the accession of Hor-Aha, the second king of the First Dynasty, was placed between 3111 and 3045 BC with 68% confidence, and between 3218 and 3035 with 95% confidence. The same study placed the accession of Den, the sixth king of the dynasty, between 2928 and 2911 BC with 68% confidence, although a 2023 radiocarbon analysis placed Den's accession potentially earlier, between 3011 and 2921, within a broader window of 3104 to 2913.

Third Dynasty of Egypt
The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty III) is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth. The capital during the period of the Old Kingdom was at Memphis.
Germany national rugby union team
The Germany national rugby union team currently plays at the second level of European rugby but is yet to qualify for the Rugby World Cup. The national team first played in 1927, with rugby union in Germany being administered by the German Rugby Federation (Deutscher Rugby-Verband).

Germany competes in the Trophy Division, the second tier of the Rugby Europe International Championships, the senior men's rugby tournament for European nations below the Six Nations.

Germany's greatest achievement in men's rugby is arguably the silver medal won at the 1900 Olympic Games.

Germany's declared aim was originally to qualify for the 2015 Rugby World Cup in England, but then lowered this ambition to the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Japan, for which it also failed to qualify. The national side is ranked 30th in the world (as of 26 April 2021).

Germany national rugby sevens team
The German national rugby sevens team competes in the top-level European sevens competition, the Sevens Grand Prix Series. In 2012, Germany finished eleventh out of twelve teams and avoided relegation. The team also unsuccessfully took part in the 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens qualifying tournament in Moscow in July 2012.

In 2015 Germany qualified to the Final 2016 Olympic Qualification Tournament, where they failed to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Germany won the 2019 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series, an equivalent to European Championships in other team sports.

Germany finished in the top four at the playoffs for promotion/relegation at the 2025 USA Sevens, qualifying them to compete in the 2026 SVNS series.
Virginia Company of London
The Virginia Company of London (sometimes called "London Company") was a division of the Virginia Company with responsibility for colonizing the east coast of North America between latitudes 34° and 41° N.

Christopher Newport
Christopher Newport (1561–1617) was an English seaman and privateer. During the war with Spain Newport was one of the most successful 'Elizabethan Sea Dogs' to venture to the Spanish Main, making large profits.

Newport is best known as the captain of the Susan Constant, the largest of three ships which carried settlers for the Virginia Company in 1607 on the way to found the settlement at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony, which became the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also in overall command of the other two ships on that initial voyage, in order of their size, the Godspeed and the Discovery.

He made several voyages of supply between England and Jamestown; in 1609, he became Captain of the Virginia Company's new flagship, Sea Venture, which met a hurricane during the Third Supply mission and was shipwrecked on the archipelago of Bermuda.

Christopher Newport University in Newport News, Virginia, was named in his honour.
Henry Havelock
Major-General Sir Henry Havelock KCB (5 April 1795 – 24 November 1857) was a British general who is particularly associated with India and his recapture of Cawnpore during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Siege of Lucknow
The siege of Lucknow was the prolonged defence of the British Residency within the city of Lucknow from rebel sepoys (Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's Army) during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. After two successive relief attempts had reached the city, the defenders and civilians were evacuated from the Residency, which was then abandoned.
Heath
A heath (/hiːθ/) is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and is characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation. Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths with—especially in Great Britain—a cooler and damper climate.

Heaths are widespread worldwide but are rapidly disappearing and considered a rare habitat in Europe. They form extensive and highly diverse communities across Australia in humid and sub-humid areas where fire regimes with recurring burning are required for the maintenance of the heathlands. Even more diverse though less widespread heath communities occur in Southern Africa. Extensive heath communities can also be found in the Texas chaparral, New Caledonia, central Chile, and along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. In addition to these extensive heath areas, the vegetation type is also found in scattered locations across all continents, except Antarctica.

Shrubland
Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community characterized by vegetation dominated by shrubs, often also including grasses, herbs, and geophytes. Shrubland may either occur naturally or be the result of human activity. It may be the mature vegetation type in a particular region and remain stable over time, or it may be a transitional community that occurs temporarily as the result of a disturbance, such as fire. A stable state may be maintained by regular natural disturbance such as fire or browsing.

Shrubland may be unsuitable for human habitation because of the danger of fire. The term was coined in 1903.

Shrubland species generally show a wide range of adaptations to fire, such as heavy seed production, lignotubers, and fire-induced germination.
Infante Fernando of Portugal
Infante Fernando of Portugal (Fernando Maria Luís de Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha e Bragança; 23 July 1846 – 6 November 1861) was the fourth son of Queen Maria II of Portugal and King-consort Fernando II and a member of the House of Braganza.

Pedro V of Portugal
Dom Pedro V (Portuguese: Pedro de Alcântara Maria Fernando Miguel Rafael Gonzaga Xavier João António Leopoldo Vítor Francisco de Assis Júlio Amélio; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese: o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 until his death in 1861.
Ten Years' War
The Ten Years' War (Spanish: Guerra de los Diez Años; 1868–1878), also known as the Great War (Guerra Grande) and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Little War (1879–1880) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with United States involvement, leading to the Spanish–American War.

Dominican Restoration War
The Dominican Restoration War or the Dominican War of Restoration (Spanish: Guerra de la Restauración),  called War of Santo Domingo in Spain (Guerra de Santo Domingo), was a guerrilla war between 1863 and 1865 in the Dominican Republic between Dominican nationalists and Spain, the latter of which had recolonized the country 17 years after its independence. It ended with the withdrawal of Spanish forces from the island.

The war began with Dominican forces crossing the border from Haiti and pushing through enemy positions in the north and central regions. After setting up a government in Santiago, they expanded guerrilla operations in the south and east. Both sides sought to take the other's key city: Dominicans aimed for Santo Domingo, Spaniards for Santiago, but control remained contested until the Spanish withdrew.
Hungary women's national handball team
The Hungary women's national handball team (Hungarian: magyar női kézilabda-válogatott) is the national team of Hungary. It is governed by the Hungarian Handball Federation (Magyar Kézilabda Szövetség) and takes part in international handball competitions. The team won the World Championship in 1965 and the European Championship in 2000.

Hungary women's national youth handball team
The Hungary women's youth national handball team is the national under–17 Handball team of the Hungary. Controlled by the Hungarian Handball Federation it represents the country in international matches.
Manukau railway station
Manukau railway station is a major railway station in Manukau, a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand, and located in the campus of the Manukau Institute of Technology.

It is the terminus station for Eastern Line services between Manukau and Waitematā in central Auckland. Access from the station to ground level and to surrounding streets is by stairs, lift or escalator to the ground floor of the 7-level campus building.

Auckland One Rail
36°50′47″S 174°45′56″E﻿ / ﻿36.84648079°S 174.76568605°E﻿ / -36.84648079; 174.76568605

Auckland One Rail is a train operator that commenced operating services under contract to Auckland Transport in January 2022. They are the operator of the trains in the Auckland suburban rail network. The Conglomerate is a 50/50 joint venture owned by Singapore-based ComfortDelGro and Australian-based UGL Rail. The operation is the first overseas heavy rail venture by a Singapore company, as well as ComfortDelGro's first in New Zealand. Officers of the business are Martin Kearney (CEO), Gavin Panter (COO) and TBC (CFO).