hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PSM Makassar
Persatuan Sepakbola Makassar (lit. 'Football Association of Makassar') commonly referred to as PSM Makassar, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Makassar, South Sulawesi that competes in Super League.

PSM was founded in 1915 as Makassarche Voetbalbond, making it one of the oldest active national clubs. They are also considered one of the most successful clubs in Indonesia, mostly due to their success in the pre-professional era of Indonesian football. In the 2001 season, they became the second Indonesian club to reach the quarterfinals of an Asian-level tournament, Asian Club Championship. PSM Makassar has won 2 Liga 1 titles and 1 Piala Indonesia in the club history.

Persik Kediri
Persatuan sepak bola Indonesia Kediri (lit. Indonesian football association of Kediri; abbreviated Persik Kediri) (pronounced [ˈpɛrːsik]), is an Indonesian professional football club based in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. They currently compete in the Super League. The club was founded in 1950 and play their home matches at Brawijaya Stadium, located in the city of Kediri.

Persik Kediri started playing in the Indonesian League Premier Division (now Super League) in 2003. The team have the nickname White Tigers and has a proud motto of Djajati or Panjalu Jayati, which means Kediri Wins taken from Hantang Inscription stele. The story of the victory of Kediri Kingdom with its famous king at that time Jayabaya over Janggala, became a spark of enthusiasm and a hope for the team to always strive for victory in every match. Persik Kediri is identical to the majesty jersey in purple.
2023 ARCA Menards Series East
The 2023 ARCA Menards Series East was the 37th season of the ARCA Menards Series East, a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season began on March 25 with the Pensacola 200 at Five Flags Speedway and ended on September 14 with the Bush's Beans 200 at Bristol Motor Speedway.

Sammy Smith, the defending series champion in 2021 and 2022, moved up to the NASCAR Xfinity Series to run full-time for Joe Gibbs Racing in 2023 and therefore did not return to run full-time in the ARCA Menards Series East and defend his title. William Sawalich replaced him in the No. 18 car in 2023, which went back to being owned by JGR after being owned by Kyle Busch Motorsports in 2022. At the conclusion of the season, Sawalich clinched the ARCA Menards Series East championship.

Luke Fenhaus
Lucas Fenhaus (born April 8, 2004) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 5 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Hettinger Racing. He has previously competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, the ARCA Menards Series, ARCA Menards Series East, and the Superstar Racing Experience, and from 2019 to 2021 was a part of the Kulwicki Driver Development program.
Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship (Polish: województwo wielkopolskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. The province is named after the region called Greater Poland (Wielkopolska [vjɛlkɔˈpɔlska] ⓘ). The modern province includes most of this historic region, except for some western and northern parts.

Greater Poland Voivodeship is second in area and third in population among Poland's sixteen voivodeships, with an area of 29,826 square kilometres (11,516 sq mi) and a population of close to 3.5 million. Its capital city is Poznań; other important cities include Kalisz, Konin, Piła, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Gniezno (an early capital of Poland) and Leszno. It is bordered by seven other voivodeships: West Pomeranian to the northwest, Pomeranian to the north, Kuyavian-Pomeranian to the north-east, Łódź to the south-east, Opole to the south, Lower Silesian to the southwest and Lubusz to the west.

Gmina Koło
Gmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 101.88 square kilometres (39.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995.
Chamber Music America
Chamber Music America (CMA) is an American non-profit organization that provides small ensemble professionals with access to a variety of professional development, networking, and funding resources. CMA's regular initiatives include grants, awards, and commissioning programs for ensembles and presenters, a national conference held annually in New York City, and the publication of Chamber Music magazine.

CMA defines chamber music as "music composed for small ensembles, with one musician per part, generally performed without a conductor. The term once referred only to Western classical music for small ensembles, such as string quartets. But today chamber music encompasses myriad forms, including contemporary and traditional jazz, classical, and world genres." CMA-member organizations and individuals include ensembles, musicians, concert presenters, artist managers, composers, educators, and others involved in the performance of classical, jazz, contemporary, and world music.

New Music USA
New Music USA is a new music organization formed by the merging of the American Music Center with Meet The Composer on November 8, 2011. The new organization retains the granting programs of the two former organizations as well as two media programs originally created at the American Music Center: NewMusicBox and Counterstream Radio.
Chase Kalisz
Chase Tyler Kalisz (/ˈkeɪlɪʃ/ KAY-lish; born March 7, 1994) is an American swimmer who specializes in individual medley events. He is an Olympic gold medalist in the 400-meter individual medley at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, an Olympic silver medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro and a two-time World Aquatics Championships gold medalist.

Kalisz attended the University of Georgia from 2012 to 2017 and competed for the Georgia Bulldogs swimming and diving team where he was a three-time NCAA Champion and the current American record-holder in the 400-yard individual medley.

Kieran Smith
Kieran Smith (born May 20, 2000) is an American swimmer specializing in freestyle and individual medley events. He currently co-holds short course world records in the 4×200-meter freestyle relay and the 4×100-meter medley relay. He was the former Americas record holder in the long course 400-meter freestyle and the former American record holder in the 500-yard freestyle.

In the 400-meter freestyle, he won the bronze medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the gold medal at the 2022 World Short Course Championships. Following a fourth-place finish in the 4×200-meter freestyle relay at the 2020 Summer Olympics, he won gold medals in the event at the 2021 World Short Course Championships, 2022 World Aquatics Championships (long course), and the 2022 World Short Course Championships.
National Curriculum for England
The National Curriculum for England is the statutory standard of school subjects, lesson content, and attainment levels for primary and secondary schools in England. It is compulsory for local authority-maintained schools, but also often followed by independent schools and state-funded academies. It was first introduced by the Education Reform Act 1988 as simply The National Curriculum and applied to both England and Wales. However, education later became a devolved matter for the Welsh government.

The National Curriculum for England has been updated multiple times since its introduction. As of 2024, the current version in use dates from 2014.

Department for Education
The Department for Education (DfE) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for child protection, child services, education (compulsory, further, and higher education), apprenticeships, and wider skills in England.

A Department for Education previously existed between 1992, when the Department of Education and Science was renamed, and 1995, when it was merged with the Department for Employment to become the Department for Education and Employment.

The current holder of Secretary of State for Education is the Rt Hon Bridget Phillipson MP and Susan Acland-Hood is the permanent secretary.

The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department of Education are scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.
Hormozgan province
Hormozgan province (Persian: استان هرمزگان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Bandar Abbas.

The province is in the south of the country, in Iran's Region 2 facing Oman, the United Arab Emirates and the Hormuz Straits. Its area is 70,697 km2 (27,296 sq mi), The province has 14 islands in the Persian Gulf and 1,000 km (620 mi) of coastline.

Razavi Khorasan province
Razavi Khorasan province (Persian: استان خراسان رضوی)  is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in northeastern Iran. Its capital is the city of Mashhad, the second-most-populous city in Iran.

Razavi Khorasan is one of the three provinces that were created after the division of Khorasan Province in 2004. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5 with Mashhad as the location of the region's secretariat.
Berriasian
In the geological timescale, the Berriasian is an age or stage of the Early Cretaceous. It is the oldest subdivision in the entire Cretaceous. It has been estimated to span the time between 143.1 ± 0.6 and 137.05 ± 0.2 Ma (million years ago). The Berriasian succeeds the Tithonian (part of the Jurassic) and precedes the Valanginian.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
Amine
In chemistry, amines (/əˈmiːn, ˈæmiːn/, UK also /ˈeɪmiːn/) are organic compounds that contain carbon–nitrogen bonds. Amines are formed when one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. The nitrogen atom in an amine possesses a lone pair of electrons. Amines can also exist as heterocyclic compounds. Aniline () is the simplest aromatic amine, consisting of a benzene ring bonded to an amino () group.

Amines are classified into three types: primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) amines. Primary amines (1°) contain one alkyl or aryl substituent and have the general formula . Secondary amines (2°) have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, with the general formula . Tertiary amines (3°) contain three substituent groups bonded to the nitrogen atom, and are represented by the formula .

The functional group −NH2 present in primary amines is called the amino group.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
Randolph Scott
George Randolph Scott (January 23, 1898 – March 2, 1987) was an American film actor, whose Hollywood career spanned from 1928 to 1962. As a leading man for all but the first three years of his cinematic career, Scott appeared in dramas, comedies, musicals, adventures, war,  horror and fantasy films, and Westerns. Out of his more than 100 film appearances, more than 60 of them were Westerns.

During the early 1950s, Scott was a consistent box-office draw. In the annual Motion Picture Herald Top Ten Polls, his name appeared on the list for four consecutive years, from 1950 to 1953. Scott also appeared in Quigley's Top Ten Money Makers Poll, from 1950 to 1953.

Tyrone Power
Tyrone Edmund Power III (May 5, 1914 – November 15, 1958) was an American actor. From the 1930s to the 1950s, Power appeared in dozens of films, often in swashbuckler roles or romantic leads. His better-known films include Jesse James, The Mark of Zorro, Marie Antoinette, Blood and Sand, The Black Swan, Prince of Foxes, Witness for the Prosecution, The Black Rose, and Captain from Castile. Power's own favorite film among those in which he starred was Nightmare Alley.

Though largely a matinee idol in the 1930s and early 1940s and known for his striking good looks, Power starred in films in a number of genres, from drama to light comedy. In the 1950s he placed limits on the number of films he would take in order to devote more time to theater productions. He received his biggest accolades as a stage actor in John Brown's Body and Mister Roberts. Power died from a heart attack at the age of 44 in Madrid, Spain.
Yuri Belov (painter)
Yuri Vladimirovich Belov (Russian: Ю́рий Влади́мирович Бело́в; May 27, 1929 – July 23, 2017) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad). He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (named the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation before 1992), and regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his historical and genre paintings.

German Yegoshin
German Pavlovich Yegoshin (Russian: Герман Павлович Егошин) (April 4, 1931 – October 2, 2009) was a Russian and Soviet painter and art educator, an Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad). He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, and was regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting.
State-owned enterprise
A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a business entity created or owned by a national or local government, either through an executive order or legislation. SOEs aim to generate profit for the government, prevent private sector monopolies, provide goods at lower prices, implement government policies, or serve remote areas where private businesses are scarce. The government typically holds full or majority ownership and oversees operations. SOEs have a distinct legal structure, with financial and developmental goals, like making services more accessible while earning profit (such as a state railway). They can be considered as government-affiliated entities designed to meet socialist objectives.

Trenes Argentinos Operaciones
Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado (SOFSE), trading as Trenes Argentinos Operaciones, is an Argentine state-owned company created in 2008 to operate passenger services in Argentina. It operates as a division of Ferrocarriles Argentinos S.E.

Since March 2015, SOFSE has run the Buenos Aires commuter rail services Mitre, San Martín, Roca and Belgrano Sur lines previously operated by private companies.
Tony Dorsett
Anthony Drew Dorsett Sr. (born April 7, 1954) is an American former professional football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Denver Broncos.

Raised in western Pennsylvania, Dorsett played college football for the Pittsburgh Panthers, where he led the Panthers to the national championship as a senior in the 1976 season and won the Heisman Trophy. He was the first-round, second overall draft choice of the Dallas Cowboys in the 1977 NFL draft. Dorsett was the NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year and played for the team for 11 seasons until 1987. He won a Super Bowl in his rookie season over the Denver Broncos, with whom he spent his final season before retiring due to injuries. He is a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame (1994) and College Football Hall of Fame (1994).

Billy Joe DuPree
Billy Joe DuPree (born March 7, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys. He played college football at Michigan State University.
Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the first appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event.  The tournament was played between 7 and 14 August 1936 in Berlin, Germany.  23 nations entered the competition, making basketball the largest tournament of the team sports, but Hungary and Spain withdrew, meaning 21 competed.

The International Olympic Committee and International Basketball Federation, which is the governing body of international basketball, used the 1936 tournament to experiment with outdoor basketball.  Lawn and dirt tennis courts were used for the competition, but this caused problems when the weather was adverse, especially during the final of the tournament.

The medals were awarded by James Naismith, the inventor of basketball.  The United States won its first gold medal, while Canada and Mexico won silver and bronze, their only medals in basketball, as of 2024.

Basketball at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1952 Summer Olympics was the third appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event.  23 nations entered the competition.

The top six teams at the 1948 Summer Olympics qualified automatically, as did the winners of the 1950 FIBA World Championship (Argentina), the top two teams at the 1951 EuroBasket (USSR and Czechoslovakia), and the host country (Finland).  Thirteen other nations competed in a qualifying round to determine the last six places in the sixteen-team Olympic tournament.
Samia Longchambon
Samia Maxine Longchambon (née Ghadie, previously Smith; born 13 July 1982) is an English actress. She has played the role of Maria Connor in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street since 2000. She also appeared as a contestant on the eighth series of Dancing on Ice in 2013, and won the third series of Cooking with the Stars in 2023.

Tony Gordon
Tony Gordon is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, portrayed by Gray O'Brien. The character first appeared on-screen on 16 September 2007. He appeared as a regular character for two years before departing on 11 December 2009 after being imprisoned for the murder of Liam Connor (Rob James-Collier). He returned on 28 May 2010 after managing to break out of prison with the help of his cellmate Robbie Sloan (James Fleet), whom Tony later betrayed by shooting him dead. The character departed once again on 9 June 2010 after being killed off at the conclusion of his storyline. He was a local businessman, disliked by many of Weatherfield's residents for his ruthlessness. His storylines revolved around his business deals, his relationships with Carla Connor and Maria Connor, and the murder of Liam Connor. Tony was named "Bad Boy" of 2009 at the All About Soap Bubble awards, and "Villain of the Year" at The British Soap Awards 2009.
1896 New Zealand general election
The 1896 New Zealand general election was held on Wednesday, 4 December in the general electorates, and on Thursday, 19 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 13th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 337,024 (76.1%) voters turned out to vote.

1896 was the year the limit of £200 was placed on each candidate's campaign spending.

1899 New Zealand general election
The 1899 New Zealand general election was held on 6 and 19 December in the European and Māori electorates, respectively, to elect 74 MPs to the 14th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The election was again won by the Liberal Party, and Richard Seddon remained Prime Minister.
2010–11 Segunda División B
The 2010–11 Segunda División B season is the 34th since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 28 August 2010, and the season ended on 26 June 2011 with the promotion play-off finals.

Tercera División
Tercera División (English: Third Division) was the fourth tier of the Spanish football league system. Until 1977, it was the third tier of the Spanish football league system. Founded in 1929, it was below the Primera División (also known as La Liga), the Segunda División, and  the semi-professional Segunda División B.

For the 2021–22 season, Tercera División was replaced by Tercera División RFEF, which became the fifth tier due to the creation of a new, semi-professional third division by the Spanish federation (RFEF) called the Primera División RFEF.
Cauca River
The Cauca River (Spanish: Río Cauca) is a river in Colombia that lies between the Occidental and Central cordilleras. From its headwaters in southwestern Colombia near the city of Popayán, it joins the Magdalena River near Magangué in Bolívar Department, and the combined river eventually flows out into the Caribbean Sea. It has a length of 965 km (600 mi) to its junction with the Magdalena, for a total length of 1,350 km (840 mi). The river is under the supervision of the Cauca Regional Corporation and the Cauca Valley Regional Autonomous Corporation, and is navigable for 640 km (400 mi) above its junction with the Magdalena.

Cauca River

San Juan River (Colombia)
The San Juan River (Spanish: Río San Juan) is a Colombian river that flows into the Pacific Ocean through the Chocó Department. It is approximately 380 kilometres (240 mi) and drains a watershed of 16,000 square kilometres (6,200 sq mi). The river drains into a large delta that covers nearly 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi). The average discharge of the Rio San Juan is 2,054.67 m3/s.
Berkeley, California
Berkeley (/ˈbɜːrkli/ ⓘ BURK-lee) is a city on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California, United States. It is named after the 18th-century Anglo-Irish bishop and philosopher George Berkeley. It borders the cities of Oakland and Emeryville to the south and the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington to the north. Its eastern border with Contra Costa County generally follows the ridge of the Berkeley Hills. The 2020 census recorded a population of 124,321.

Berkeley is home to the oldest campus in the University of California, the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is managed and operated by the university. It also has the Graduate Theological Union, one of the largest religious studies institutions in the world. Berkeley is considered one of the most socially progressive cities in the United States.

Operation Ivy (band)
Operation Ivy was an American punk rock band from Berkeley, California, formed in May 1987. They were critical to the emergence of Lookout Records and the so-called "East Bay Sound".

The band's name was derived from the Operation Ivy series of nuclear tests in 1952. Although the band released just one full-length album (Energy) before breaking up in May 1989, Operation Ivy is well remembered as the direct antecedent of popular band Rancid and for wielding a lasting stylistic influence over numerous other bands in what became the third wave ska movement.