hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Special linear group
In mathematics, the special linear group  of degree  over a commutative ring  is the set of  matrices with determinant , with the group operations of ordinary matrix multiplication and matrix inversion. This is the normal subgroup of the general linear group given by the kernel of the determinant

where  is the multiplicative group of  (that is,  excluding  when  is a field).

These elements are "special" in that they form an algebraic subvariety of the general linear group – they satisfy a polynomial equation (since the determinant is polynomial in the entries).

When  is the finite field of order , the notation  is sometimes used.

Multiplicative group
In mathematics and group theory, the term multiplicative group refers to one of the following concepts:

the group under multiplication of the invertible elements of a field, ring, or other structure for which one of its operations is referred to as multiplication. In the case of a field F, the group is (F ∖ {0}, •), where 0 refers to the zero element of F and the binary operation • is the field multiplication,

the algebraic torus GL(1).
Hayabusachō
Hayabusachō (隼町, Hayabusa-chō) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. As of April 1, 2007, the district's population is 483.

Hayabusachō is located of the western part of Chiyoda. It borders Kōjimachi to the north, the Tokyo Imperial Palace to the east, Nagatachō to the south, and Hirakawachō to the west.

This district is known as the location of the National Theatre of Japan and the Supreme Court of Japan.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Douglas Strawbridge
Douglas Nelson Strawbridge (21 October 1908 – 6 December 1979) served as Mayor of Nelson, New Zealand from 1962 to 1968. Strawbridge was born, the son of Charles James Strawbridge and Martha Annie Strawbridge. He attended Nelson College in 1923 and became a building contractor.

Strawbridge was elected Mayor of Nelson in 1962 and held the position to 1968.

He died at Nelson, and was buried at Marsden Valley Cemetery, Stoke.

Stoke, New Zealand
Stoke (Māori: Omaio) is a suburb of Nelson in New Zealand, located between Richmond and Tāhunanui. Stoke was named by William Songer, the personal servant of Arthur Wakefield, after his birthplace Stoke-by-Nayland in Suffolk.

In 2010 it was voted the "Keep New Zealand Beautiful People's Choice Best Place in New Zealand".

A group of streets in Stoke, between Main Road Stoke and Nayland Road, are named after famous literary figures: Baxter, Browning, Byron, Coleridge, Dickens, Keats, Kipling, Holcroft, Homer, Marlowe, Masefield, Rossetti, Sargeson, Shelley, Tennyson, and Wordsworth.
Barbara Rubin
Barbara Rubin (1945–1980) was an American experimental filmmaker and performance artist. She is best known for her landmark 1963 underground film Christmas on Earth. She frequently collaborated with other well-known artists in the underground movement. Rubin's filmography is often described as "radical" and "controversial". She was one of the first recognized female filmmakers of this movement. She is frequently cited as being the individual who introduced Andy Warhol to the American rock band The Velvet Underground.

Underground film
An underground film is a film that is out of the mainstream either in its style, genre or financing.

Notable examples include
John Waters' Pink Flamingos,
David Lynch's Eraserhead, 
Andy Warhol's Blue Movie,
Rosa von Praunheim's Tally Brown, New York,
Frank Henenlotter's Basket Case,
Nikos Nikolaidis' Singapore Sling, 
Rinse Dreams' Café Flesh, and
Jörg Buttgereit's Nekromantik.
Shire of Woodanilling
The Shire of Woodanilling is a local government area in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Wagin and about 260 kilometres (162 mi) south-southeast of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 1,129 square kilometres (436 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Woodanilling.

Wagin, Western Australia
Wagin /ˈweɪdʒɪn/ is a town and shire in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, approximately 225 km (140 mi) south-east of Perth on the Great Southern Highway between Narrogin and Katanning. It is also on State Route 107. The main industries are wheat and sheep farming.
1978 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season
The 1978 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season was the 12th in the club's history. They competed in the NSWRFL's 1978 Premiership and finished 2nd (out of 15). They then went on to reach the grand final against Manly-Warringah, which had to be replayed and was ultimately lost. The Sharks also competed in the 1978 Amco Cup.

For the end of season 1978 Kangaroo tour, Greg Pierce, who captained City and New South Wales during the season, was selected as vice captain. Steve Kneen and Steve Rogers also went on the tour.

1978 Amco Cup
The 1978 Amco Cup was the 5th edition of the NSWRFL Midweek Knockout Cup, a NSWRFL-organised national club Rugby League tournament between the leading clubs and representative teams from the NSWRFL, the BRL, the CRL, the QRL, the NZRL, Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

A total of 38 teams from across Australia and New Zealand played 37 matches in a straight knock-out format, with the matches being held midweek during the premiership season.
Reisinger (surname)
Reisinger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Reisinger (born 1963), Austrian footballer

Dan Reisinger (1934–2019), Israeli designer

Eduard Reisinger (born 1957), Austrian canoeist

J. Monroe Reisinger (1842–1925), American soldier

Julius Reisinger (1828–1892), Russian Ballet choreographer

Stefan Reisinger (born 1981), German footballer

Wilhelm Reisinger (born 1958), German footballer

Wolfgang Reisinger (1955–2022), Austrian jazz musician

Isaac Singer (1811-1875), American inventor, actor, and businessman (his father's name was originally Adam Reisinger)

Eduard Reisinger
Eduard Reisinger (born 12 June 1957 in Pfaffing) is an Austrian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1980s. At the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, he was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-4 1000 m event.
Dean of the Thistle
The Dean of the Thistle is an office of the Order of the Thistle, re-established in 1687. The office is normally held by a minister of the Church of Scotland, and forms part of the Royal Household in Scotland.

In 1886 the office of Dean of the Chapel Royal was revived and united by royal warrant to that of Dean of the Thistle, eventually being separated in 1969.

Warrant (law)
A warrant is generally an order that serves as a specific type of authorization, that is, a writ issued by a competent officer, usually a judge or magistrate, that permits an otherwise illegal act that would violate individual rights in order to enforce the law and aid in investigations; affording the person executing the writ protection from damages if the act is performed.

A warrant is usually issued by a court and is directed to a sheriff, a constable, or a police officer. Warrants normally issued by a court include search warrants, arrest warrants, and execution warrants.
Rhythmbox
Rhythmbox is a free and open-source audio player software, tag editor and music organizer for digital audio files on Linux and Unix-like systems.

Rhythmbox is designed to work well under GNOME, but can function on other desktop environments. It is very scalable, able to handle libraries with tens of thousands of songs with ease. It provides a full feature set including full support for Unicode, fast but powerful tag editing, and a variety of plug-ins.

Rhythmbox is the default audio player on many Linux distributions including Fedora, Ubuntu since v12.04 LTS, and Linux Mint as of version 18.1.

Linux Mint
Linux Mint is a community-developed Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. First released in 2006, Linux Mint is often noted for its ease of use, out-of-the-box functionality, and appeal to desktop users. It comes bundled with a selection of free and open-source software. The default desktop environment is Cinnamon, developed by the Linux Mint team, with MATE and Xfce available as alternatives. A Debian based version of Linux Mint also exists, called Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE). Linux Mint is available for x86-64 systems.
1926 Giro d'Italia
The 1926 Giro d'Italia was the 14th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a Grand Tour organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 15 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 275 km (171 mi) to Turin, finishing back in Milan on 6 June after a 288 km (179 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 3,249.7 km (2,019 mi). The race was won by the Giovanni Brunero of the Legnano team. Second and third respectively were the Italian riders Alfredo Binda and Arturo Bresciani.

Giuseppe Enrici
Giuseppe Enrici (2 January 1896 – 1 September 1968) was an Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was winning the 1924 Giro d'Italia.

Enrici was born in Pittsburgh, USA, in an Italian family, which meant he had American citizenship. As a child, his family moved back to Piemonte, and Enrici regained Italican citizenship.

Enrici took third place in the 1922 Giro d'Italia, and when several favourites did not join the 1924 Giro, he was one of the mai ncontenders, and won. He continued to race for four more years, and ended his professional career in 1928.
Focke-Wulf A 33 Sperber
The Focke-Wulf A 33 Sperber (German: "Sparrowhawk") was a small airliner, produced in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design, resembling a scaled-down version of the contemporary A 32 design. Only three examples were built, each purchased for air taxi duties with separate German airlines. One eventually briefly joined the fleet of Deutsche Luft Hansa in 1937.

Deutsche Luft Hansa
Deutsche Luft Hansa A.G. (from 1933 styled as Deutsche Lufthansa and also known as Luft Hansa, Lufthansa, or DLH) was a German airline, established in 1926. It served as the flag carrier of the country during the later years of the Weimar Republic and throughout the era of Nazi Germany, when it had close links to the Nazi Party. It ceased operations in April 1945, in the final stages of the Second World War.

Although Deutsche Luft Hansa was the forerunner of modern German airline Lufthansa (founded in 1953) and both airlines share the same logo, there is no legal connection between the two. However, the new Lufthansa took over staff from the old airline and claims DLH's legacy. For this reason it is controversial in the historical reappraisal to what extent the modern Lufthansa should confess to crimes committed by the old airline.
Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay
The men's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1936 Olympic Games took place on August 9. The United States team of Jesse Owens, Ralph Metcalfe, Foy Draper and Frank Wykoff won in a world record time of 39.8.

Marty Glickman and Sam Stoller were originally slated to compete in the American relay team but were replaced by Owens and Metcalfe prior to the start of the race. There were speculations that their Jewish heritage contributed to the decision "not to embarrass the German hosts"; however, given that African-Americans were also heavily disliked by the Nazis, Glickman and Stoller's replacement with black American athletes Owens and Metcalfe does not support this theory. Others state that Owens and Metcalfe were in a better physical condition, and that was the main reason behind the replacement.

Sam Stoller
Sam Stoller  (August 8, 1915 – May 29, 1985) was an American athlete who specialized in sprinting and long jumping. He tied the world record in the 60-yard dash in 1936. Stoller is best known for his exclusion from the American 4 × 100 relay team at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. The 2-man substitution triggered widespread speculation that he and Marty Glickman—the only two Jews on the U.S. track team—were excluded because U.S. Olympic Committee chairman Avery Brundage wanted to avoid embarrassing Adolf Hitler by having two Jewish athletes win gold medals.  Stoller vowed at the time that he would never run again, but he returned in 1937 to win both the Big Ten Conference and NCAA championships in the 100-yard dash.  After graduating from the University of Michigan in 1937, Stoller briefly went into a singing and acting career as "Singin' Sammy Stoller."
Inferior transverse ligament of scapula
The inferior transverse ligament (spinoglenoid ligament) is a weak membranous band, situated behind the neck of the scapula and stretching from the lateral border of the spine to the margin of the glenoid cavity.

It forms an arch under which the suprascapular vessels and suprascapular nerve enter the infraspinatous fossa.

Infraspinous fossa
The infraspinous fossa (infraspinatus fossa or infraspinatous fossa) of the scapula is much larger than the supraspinatous fossa; toward its vertebral margin a shallow concavity is seen at its upper part; its center presents a prominent convexity, while near the axillary border is a deep groove which runs from the upper toward the lower part.

The medial two-thirds of the fossa give origin to the infraspinatus; the lateral third is covered by this muscle.
Jetson Center for Youth
Louis Jetson Center for Youth (JCY) is a former juvenile correctional facility in unincorporated East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, near Baton Rouge and Baker. It as previously referred to as "Scotlandville" after the nearby community. It was operated by the Louisiana Department of Corrections and later by the Louisiana Office of Juvenile Justice (OJJ).
Scenic Alternative High School was located at Jetson.

It was named after a humanitarian and activist named Louis Jetson.

Louisiana State Legislature
The Louisiana State Legislature (French: Législature de l'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Legislatura del Estado de Luisiana) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is a bicameral body, comprising the lower house, the Louisiana House of Representatives with 105 representatives, and the upper house, the Louisiana State Senate with 39 senators. Members of each house are elected from single-member districts of roughly equal populations.

The Louisiana State Legislature meets in the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge. In March 2023, Republicans gained a supermajority of the Louisiana legislature for a first in the history of Louisiana.
LGBTQ advocacy in the Gaza war
Queer advocacy during the Gaza war has remained a significantly contentious topic. Many queer people allied themselves with pro-Palestinian causes, especially in protest movements against the ongoing war, against the Gaza genocide. Some pro-Palestinian queers have claimed common cause between Queer liberation and Palestinian liberation, though others have called such movements antisemitic and self-contradictory. Some pro-Israeli queers have complained about feeling excluded from traditionally queer spaces due to pro-Palestinian queer advocacy.

Queers Undermining Israeli Terrorism
Queers Undermining Israeli Terrorism (QUIT!) is a San Francisco Bay Area-based queer political action group that advocates for boycott, divestment, and sanctions against the State of Israel while opposing the State’s pinkwashing and ethnic cleansing of Palestinians. The group was founded in early 2001 by a member of LAGAI-Queer Insurrection.
Kosciusko, St. Louis
Kosciusko (/kʌˈʃuskoʊ/ kuh-SHOOS-koh) is a mostly non-residential neighborhood located in St. Louis, Missouri. It begins at the Mississippi River front in the east and goes up to 7th Boulevard and 8th Street in the west. Interstate 55 is a northern border, and St. George and Dorcas Streets border the south of this neighborhood. Kosciusko is named in honor of Tadeusz Kościuszko, an American Revolutionary War general of Polish descent.

Within its limits are several industrial companies, including the Nooter Corporation. The longest continuous graffiti wall, the 1.9 Mile Mississippi River Floodwall, is in this neighborhood. It is home to the annual Labor Day event, Paint Louis. In the northern edge of the neighborhood is an area commonly called "Chouteau's Landing."

Paint Louis
Paint Louis is an annual global community event happening over the American holiday Labor Day bringing together people practicing all four elements of hip hop including graffiti, breakdancing, rapping and DJs to St. Louis for three days of creation and performance. The event started informally in 1995 as a "graffiti jam" and became more formalized in 1997 as noted with its 20th anniversary celebration in 2017. For the 25th year of the annual event, Paint Louis brought hip-hop pioneer KRS-One to perform at the event for free.

The event is well known as the largest gathering of graffiti writers who have permission to legally paint the Mississippi River flood wall, along the Mississippi river all south of the Gateway Arch, deemed the "longest mural in the world" by Guinness Records. Paint Louis is an international gathering of writers from around the world.
Abhinetri (2015 film)
Abhinetri – The Tragedy of a Legend is a 2015 Indian Kannada language film directed by Sathish Pradhan. It stars Pooja Gandhi in the lead role. The film is based on the life of actress Kalpana. The supporting cast features Makarand Deshpande, Srinagar Kitty, Atul Kulkarni, P. Ravi Shankar and Neethu. After much delay in the post production, the film opened on screens on 30 January 2015.

Atul Kulkarni
Atul Kulkarni (born 10 September 1965) is an Indian actor, producer and screenwriter who works in Hindi, Marathi, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil,  Telugu and English language films. Kulkarni won the National Award for the Best Supporting Actor for the films Hey Ram and Chandni Bar. He is also the president of Quest, a research-action organization concentrating on enhancing quality of education. He left his study in engineering at College of Engineering, Pune while he was in his first year. He is known for his performances in films like Hey Ram, Chandni Bar, Rang De Basanti (2006), Natarang (2010) among others. He has also written the screenplay of Laal Singh Chadda,
the official remake of Forrest Gump.
Hannes Bjarnason
Hannes Bjarnason (14 January 1777 – 9 November 1838) was an Icelandic priest and poet based in Skagafjörður.

He was born in Djúpidalur in Blönduhlíð, the son of Bjarni Eiríksson and his wife Sigríður Jónsdóttir. He graduated from Hólar College in 1801. In the following years, he applied for various priesthoods but was not accepted, and it was believed that this could be traced to some extent to his writing of verses and language. He married Sigríður Jónsdóttir from Litla-Dunhagi, Hörgárdalur and they lived on various farms in the eastern part of Skagafjörður. Bjarnason eventually became a priest at Ríp in Hegranes in 1829 and held that post until his death.

Gissurarson's niece was Efemía Benediktsdóttir, wife of the historian Gísli Konráðsson, and Hannes and Gísli were friends and wrote together, including Andrarímur, which was published in 1834.

Hólar University College
Hólar University is located in Hólar, Iceland, an important historical centre of education. The university was the first post-secondary school in Hólar, founded in 1106. It was renamed Hólar Agricultural College in 1882 and became Hólar University in 2007. Established in the 12th century, Hólar is one of the oldest universities in Europe; the oldest is University of Bologna since 1088 AD.
Senan, Spain
Senan (Catalan pronunciation: [səˈnan]) is a village and municipality in the comarca of Conca de Barberà in the province of Tarragona in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 46 (register office, 2024) . It is part of the Garrigues geographic region, but in the 1936 comarcal revision was included in Conca de Barberà.

Province of Tarragona
Tarragona (Spanish: [taraˈɣona]; Catalan: [tərəˈɣonə]) is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia. It is bordered by the provinces of Castellón, Teruel, Zaragoza, Lleida and Barcelona and by the Mediterranean Sea.

The province's population is 795,902 (2018), about one fifth of whom live in the capital, Tarragona. Some of the larger cities and towns in Tarragona province include Reus, Salou, El Vendrell, Tortosa, Valls, Amposta. This province has 183 municipalities. The province includes several World Heritage Sites and is a popular tourist destination. There are Roman Catholic cathedrals in Tarragona and Tortosa.
Soyuz 12
Soyuz 12  (Russian: Союз 12, Union 12) was a September, 1973, crewed test flight by the Soviet Union of the newly redesigned Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft that was intended to provide greater crew safety in the wake of the Soyuz 11 tragedy. The flight marked the return of the Soviets to crewed space operations after the 1971 accident. The crew capacity of the capsule had been decreased from three to two cosmonauts to allow for pressure suits to be worn during launch, re-entry and docking. It was the first time pressure suits were used for reentry since the Voskhod 2 flight.

Cosmonauts Vasily Lazarev and Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov spent two days in space testing the new craft.

Pressure suit
A pressure suit is a protective suit worn by high-altitude pilots who may fly at altitudes where the air pressure is too low for an unprotected person to survive, even when breathing pure oxygen at positive pressure. Such suits may be either full-pressure (e.g., a space suit) or partial-pressure (as used by aircrew). Partial-pressure suits work by providing mechanical counter-pressure to assist breathing at altitude.
Jemmy Grimshaw
James "Jemmy" Grimshaw (29 March 1846 – 12 December 1889) was a Classic-winning jockey and the British flat racing Champion Jockey of 1864. He rode 164 winners in that year, a then record, and one that would stand for another 11 years, until the emergence of Fred Archer.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.