hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ballista
The ballista (Latin, from Greek βαλλίστρα ballistra and that from βάλλω ballō, "throw"), plural ballistae or ballistas, sometimes called bolt thrower, was an ancient projectile weapon that launched either bolts or stones at a distant target.

Developed from earlier Greek weapons, it relied upon different mechanics, using two levers with torsion springs instead of a tension prod (the bow part of a modern crossbow). The springs consisted of several loops of twisted skeins. Early versions projected heavy darts or spherical stone projectiles of various sizes for siege warfare. It developed into a smaller precision weapon, the scorpio, and possibly the polybolos.

Mangonel
The mangonel, also called the traction trebuchet, was a type of trebuchet used in Ancient China starting from the Warring States period, and later across Eurasia by the 6th century AD. Unlike the later counterweight trebuchet, the mangonel was operated by people pulling ropes attached to one end of a lever, the other end of which had a sling to launch projectiles.

Although the mangonel required more men to function, it was also less complex and faster to reload than the torsion-powered onager which it replaced in early Medieval Europe. It was replaced as the primary siege weapon in the 12th and 13th centuries by the counterweight trebuchet. A common misconception about the mangonel is that it was a torsion siege engine.
Frans Francken the Younger
Frans Francken the Younger (1581, Antwerp – 6 May 1642, Antwerp) was a Flemish painter and the best-known and most prolific member of the large Francken family of artists. He painted large altarpieces for churches as well as smaller historical, mythological and allegorical scenes. His depictions of collectors' cabinets established a popular new genre of art in the era. Francken often collaborated with other artists, adding figures and narrative elements to scenes created by specialists in landscape, architectural and floral still life paintings.

Gillis van Tilborgh
Gillis van Tilborgh or Gillis van Tilborch (c. 1625 – c. 1678) was a Flemish painter who worked in various genres including portraits, 'low-life' and elegant genre paintings and paintings of picture galleries.  He became the keeper of the picture collection of the governor of the Habsburg Netherlands and travelled in England where he painted group portraits.
Richard Martin (Irish politician)
Colonel Richard Martin (15 January 1754 – 6 January 1834), was an Irish politician and campaigner against cruelty to animals. He was known as Humanity Dick, a nickname bestowed on him by King George IV. He succeeded in getting the pioneering Cruel Treatment of Cattle Act 1822, nicknamed 'Martin's Act', passed into British law.

Arthur Broome
Arthur MacLoughlin Broome (18 February 1779 – 16 July 1837) was an English clergyman and campaigner for animal welfare. He was one of a group of creators of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in 1824. Broome was appointed as the original society's first Secretary, a post he held until 1828. He held posts at various churches in London, Essex, and Kent, and supported an appeal for earthquake relief in Syria. He wrote about animal theology and also about two 17th-century English clergy. He was guarantor for the RSPCA's debts, which led to his financial ruin and in April 1826 he was sent to a debtors' prison.
S16 (ZVV)
The S16 is a regional railway service of the S-Bahn Zürich on the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), Zürich transportation network, and is one of the network's services providing service within the canton of Zürich.

At Zürich HB, trains of the S16 service usually depart from underground tracks (Gleis) 41–44 (Museumstrasse station).

S24 (ZVV)
The S24 is a regional railway line of the Zurich S-Bahn of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), Zurich transportation network. The line was significantly extended in June 2014, and again in December 2015, and has  
subsumed the former S21 line, initially numbered S1, which previously provided service in parts of its extended route.

At Zürich HB, trains of the S24 service usually depart from ground-level tracks (Gleis) 3 or 4. As of 2025, it is one of the only S-Bahn service that reverses direction of travel in one of the surface-level terminal tracks instead of passing through one of the station's underground platforms.
Turner Entertainment Co.
Turner Entertainment Co. is an American multimedia company founded by Ted Turner on August 4, 1986. It was largely responsible for holding the copyrights of and overseeing the Turner Broadcasting System (TBS) library for worldwide distribution. It currently operates as a subsidiary of Warner Bros. since Turner's dissolution in 2019.

Associated Artists Productions
Associated Artists Productions, Inc. (styled as a.a.p.), later known as United Artists Associated, was an American distributor of theatrical feature films and short subjects for television. Associated Artists Productions was the copyright owner of the Popeye the Sailor shorts by Paramount Pictures, and the pre-1950 Warner Bros. Pictures film library, notably the pre-August 1948 color Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of animated shorts, and the black-and-white Merrie Melodies shorts from Harman-Ising, excluding Lady, Play Your Mandolin!.
Shuji Kondo
Shuji Kondo (近藤修司, Kondō Shūji; born January 21, 1978) is a Japanese professional wrestler. Prior to becoming a pro wrestler, he played rugby. After starting his career in Toryumon, Kondo eventually joined All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), where he became one of the promotion's top junior heavyweights, winning the World Junior Heavyweight Championship three times and the All Asia Tag Team Championship once. Upon leaving AJPW in 2013, Kondo joined Wrestle-1, where he became half of the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions. Kondo also worked as the vice president, booker and trainer for Wrestle-1 until its closure in 2020. He now works as a freelancer in promotions like Pro Wrestling Basara and DragonGate.

Yasufumi Nakanoue
Yasufumi Nakaue (中上 靖文, Nakaue Yasufumi; born June 14, 1986) is a Japanese professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Yasufumi Nakanoue (中之上 靖文, Nakanoue Yasufumi), currently signed to Big Japan Pro Wrestling (BJW) in the Strong BJ division, where he was the BJW World Strong Heavyweight Champion. He started his career in All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and has also worked for Wrestle-1 (W-1), where he is a former one-time Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champion and a two-time UWA World Trios Champion.
Véhicule Blindé Léger
The Panhard Véhicule Blindé Léger ("Light armoured vehicle"), also known by its acronym Panhard VBL or simply VBL, is a French wheeled 4×4 all-terrain vehicle built by Panhard. The vehicle is offered in various configurations, and was designed to combine the agility of the Peugeot P4 liaison vehicle with adequate protection against small arms fire, artillery fragments, mines and NBC weapons. Produced between 1985 and 2010, the vehicle has been used by the French Army and other European, African and Central American armies in various conflicts since the 1980s.

AMX-10 RC
The AMX-10 RC is a French armoured fighting vehicle manufactured by Nexter Systems for armoured reconnaissance purposes. Equipping French cavalry units since 1979, over 240 remained in service with the French Army in 2021 when replacement by EBRC Jaguar gradually started. 108 units were sold to Morocco and 12 to Qatar. "RC" stands for "Roues-Canon", meaning "wheels-gun", as it is 6-wheeled and armed with a 105 mm calibre gun. Newspapers and officials have often incorrectly referred to it as a "char léger" (light tank).

The AMX-10 RC is distinct from the amphibious AMX-10P: they both have a waterproof welded aluminum chassis and share automotive components, but have completely different battlefield roles. The AMX-10 RC is usually used for reconnaissance missions in dangerous environments or for fire support.
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (UK: /ˈkɒroʊ/ KORR-oh, US: /kəˈroʊ, kɔːˈroʊ/ kə-ROH, kor-OH; French: [ʒɑ̃ batist kamij kɔʁo]; 16 July 1796 – 22 February 1875), or simply Camille Corot, was a French landscape and portrait painter as well as a printmaker in etching. A pivotal figure in landscape painting, his vast output simultaneously referenced the Neo-Classical tradition and anticipated the plein-air innovations of Impressionism.

Constant Troyon
Constant Troyon (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃stɑ̃ tʁwajɔ̃]; August 28, 1810 – February 21, 1865) was a French painter of the Barbizon school. In the early part of his career, he painted mostly landscapes. It was only comparatively late in life that Troyon found his métier as a painter of animals, and achieved international recognition.
Nicolas Oudinot
Nicolas Charles Oudinot, duc de Reggio (French pronunciation: [nikɔlɑ udino]; 25 April 1767 – 13 September 1847), was a French general of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He is known to have been wounded 34 times in battle, being hit by artillery shells, sabres, and at least twelve bullets over the course of his military career. A Marshal of the Empire, he is best known for his contributions to the Napoleonic Wars with his famous grenadier division. Oudinot is one of the Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe, Eastern pillar Columns 13, 14.

Louis-Nicolas Davout
Louis-Nicolas d'Avout (French: [lwi nikɔla davu]; 10 May 1770 – 1 June 1823), better known as Davout, 1st Prince of Eckmühl, 1st Duke of Auerstaedt, was a French military commander and Marshal of the Empire who served during both the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. His talent for war, along with his reputation as a stern disciplinarian, earned him the nickname "The Iron Marshal" (Le Maréchal de fer). He is ranked along with Marshals André Masséna, Louis-Gabriel Suchet, and Jean Lannes as one of Napoleon's finest commanders, and also stands among the most outstanding military commanders of the modern era. His loyalty and obedience to Napoleon were absolute. During his lifetime, Davout's name was commonly spelled Davoust—this spelling appears on the Arc de Triomphe and in much of the correspondence between Napoleon and his generals.
Mountain peaks of Canada
This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaks of Canada.

The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways:

The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level.  The first table below ranks the 100 highest major summits of Canada by elevation.

The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings.  The second table below ranks the 50 most prominent summits of Canada.

The topographic isolation (or radius of dominance) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation.  The third table below ranks the 50 most isolated major summits of Canada.

List of mountain peaks of Nevada
This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaks of the U.S. State of Nevada.

The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways:

The topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level.  The first table below ranks the 50 highest major summits of Nevada by elevation.

The topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings.  The second table below ranks the 52 most prominent summits of Nevada.

The topographic isolation (or radius of dominance) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation.  The third table below ranks the 50 most isolated major summits of Nevada.
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
The Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture is a Golden Globe Award that was first awarded by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association in 1944 for a performance in a motion picture released in the previous year. The formal title has varied since its inception; since 2005, the award has officially been called "Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture". Six actors have won the award twice: Richard Attenborough, Edmund Gwenn, Martin Landau, Edmond O'Brien, Brad Pitt, and Christoph Waltz.

Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
The Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture (formerly Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role) is an award presented annually by the Screen Actors Guild. It has been presented since the 1st Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1995 to a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role in a film released that year.

The award has been presented 30 times, and 29 actors have won the award. Martin Landau was the award's first winner for Ed Wood (1994). The most recent winner is Kieran Culkin who won for his performance in A Real Pain (2024). Mahershala Ali is the only actor to have won the award twice. The record for the most nominations is shared by Chris Cooper, Willem Dafoe, and Jared Leto with three nominations each.
Discovery Channel
Discovery Channel, also known as  simply Discovery and previously known as The Discovery Channel, is an American cable channel and the second flagship namesake asset of Warner Bros. Discovery that is best known for airing ongoing reality and educational programming.

Launched on June 17, 1985, it initially broadcast documentary television programming focused primarily on popular science, nature, technology, and history. Since the 2010s, it had become increasingly dominated by programs that focused on conspiracy theories or promoted pseudoscience.

By June 2012, Discovery Channel was the third most widely distributed subscription channel in the United States, behind now-sibling channel TBS and the Weather Channel; it is available in 409 million households globally. As of November 2023, Discovery Channel is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its peak of 99,000,000 in 2011.

Investigation Discovery
Investigation Discovery (ID) is an American cable television network. Owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, ID primarily broadcasts true crime programming, including documentaries and anthology series.

The channel was established in 1996 as Discovery Civilization Network (later Discovery Civilization Channel), which focused on world history. In 2002, the channel was relaunched as Discovery Times as a joint venture with The New York Times Company, with a focus on programming related to the culture of the United States. The Times divested their stake to Discovery in 2006, and the channel took its current name and format two years later.

As of November 2023, ID is available to approximately 69 million pay television households in the United States-down from its 2015 peak of 86 million households.
List of biblical names starting with L
This page includes a list of biblical proper names that start with L in English transcription, both toponyms and personal names. Some of the names are given with a proposed etymological meaning. For further information on the names included on the list, the reader may consult the sources listed below in the References and  External links. For links to more specific lists (places, personal names, women, OT, NT, animals and plants, etc.), go to  List of biblical names: See also.

A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – Y – Z

List of biblical names starting with Y
This page includes a list of biblical proper names that start with Y in English transcription, both toponyms and personal names. Some of the names are given with a proposed etymological meaning. For further information on the names included on the list, the reader may consult the sources listed below in the References and  External links. For links to more specific lists (places, personal names, women, OT, NT, animals and plants, etc.), go to  List of biblical names: See also.

A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U –  V – Y – Z
Royal Engineers
The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually called the Royal Engineers (RE), and commonly known as the Sappers, is the military engineering arm of the British Army. It provides military engineering and other technical support to the British Armed Forces and is headed by the Chief Royal Engineer.

The Corps Headquarters and the Royal School of Military Engineering are in Chatham in Kent, England. The corps is divided into several regiments, barracked at places in the United Kingdom and around the world.

Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps
The Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps is a part of the Royal Engineers in the British Army Reserve. It is intended to provide advisers on engineering and logistics to the British Army at a senior level. Following its work creating the NHS Nightingale Hospitals the Corps was described as 'probably the greatest military unit you've never heard of'.
The Lion Men
The Lion Men (Chinese: 狮神决战) is a Singapore action comedy film directed by Jack Neo and starring Tosh Zhang, Wang Weiliang, Eva Cheng, Noah Yap, Charlie Goh, Maxi Lim, Chen Tianwen, Zhang Xinxiang, Jaspers Lai, Bunz Bao, Rao Zi Jie and Celyn Liew. The main plot revolves around three lion dance troupes pitting themselves against one another. It also marks the third on-screen reunion of  Maxi Lim, Noah Yap, Wang Weiliang, Tosh Zhang, Charlie Goh and Chen Tianwen after their first and second collaborations together in Neo's previous popular and well-known army and military movies known as Ah Boys to Men and Ah Boys to Men 2.

The Lion Men: Ultimate Showdown
The Lion Men: Ultimate Showdown (simplified Chinese: 狮神决战之: 终极一战; traditional Chinese: 獅神決戰之: 终极一戰) is a Singapore action comedy film directed by Jack Neo and starring Tosh Zhang, Wang Weiliang, Eva Cheng, Noah Yap, Charlie Goh, Maxi Lim, Chen Tianwen, Zhang Xinxiang, Jaspers Lai, Bunz Bao, Rao Zi Jie and Celyn Liew. The main plot revolves around three lion dance troupes pitting themselves against one another. It also marks the fourth on-screen reunion of  Maxi Lim, Noah Yap, Wang Weiliang, Tosh Zhang, Charlie Goh and Chen Tianwen after their first and second collaborations together in Neo's previous popular and well-known army and military movies known as Ah Boys to Men and Ah Boys to Men 2.
Dinara Safina
Dinara Mubinovna Safina (Russian: Динара Мубиновна Сафина, pronounced [dʲɪˈnarə ˈsafʲɪnə] ⓘ; Tatar: Динара Мөбин кызы Сафина, romanized: Dinara Möbin kızı Safina; born April 27, 1986) is a Russian former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 26 weeks, and world No. 8 in doubles. Safina won twelve WTA Tour-level singles titles and nine in doubles, including the women's doubles title at the 2007 US Open with Nathalie Dechy. She was the runner-up at three major singles tournaments: the 2008 French Open, 2009 Australian Open, and 2009 French Open, and won an Olympic silver medal in singles at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.

Safina officially retired in 2014 due to a long-term back injury. She is the younger sister of former world No. 1 men's player Marat Safin; the brother–sister pair are the first to both achieve the No. 1 singles rankings.

Zheng Jie
Zheng Jie (born 5 July 1983) is a Chinese former professional tennis player. In May 2009, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 15.

Zheng is one of China's most successful tennis players. She won four singles titles on the WTA Tour – Hobart in 2005, Estoril, Stockholm in 2006, and Auckland in 2012. She also won 15 career doubles titles, eleven of them with Yan Zi, including Wimbledon and the Australian Open in 2006. She won the bronze medal in doubles with Yan Zi at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Her career-high doubles ranking is world No. 3. Zheng reached the singles semifinals at the 2008 Wimbledon Championships, where she defeated world No. 1, Ana Ivanovic, in the third round, and later went on to become the first Chinese player to advance to the semifinals at a major tournament. She also reached the semifinals of the 2010 Australian Open.
Kentish Town station
Kentish Town is an interchange station in Kentish Town in the London Borough of Camden for London Underground and National Rail services.
It is at the junction of Kentish Town Road (A400) and Leighton Road. It is in London fare zone 2.

The London Underground station is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line. The National Rail station is served by Thameslink on the Midland Main Line. It is the only station on the High Barnet branch with a direct interchange with a National Rail line. An Out of Station Interchange (OSI) with Kentish Town West on the North London line is not charged as two separate journeys in electronic journey charging.

Luton railway station
Luton railway station (formerly Luton Midland Road) is located in the town centre of Luton, Bedfordshire, England. The station is about three minutes' walk from Luton Point Shopping Centre. It is situated on the Midland Main Line and is operated by Thameslink.
Toa Payoh
Toa Payoh (IPA: /ˌt(w)ɔː ˈpɑːjoʊ, ˌtoʊ -/ taw PAH-yoh or toh-, Chinese: 大巴窑 / 大巴窯, Tamil: தோ பாயோ) is a planning area and residential town located in the northern part of the Central Region of Singapore. Toa Payoh planning area borders Bishan and Serangoon to the north, the Central Water Catchment to the northwest, Kallang to the south, Geylang to the southeast, Novena to the west and Hougang to the east. Toa Payoh New Town is situated in the western portion of the Toa Payoh planning area. The latter occupies a much larger area, encompassing estates such as Potong Pasir and Bidadari.

Toa Payoh planning area consists of 12 subzones: Bidadari, Boon Teck, Braddell, Joo Seng, Kim Keat, Lorong 8 Toa Payoh, Pei Chun, Potong Pasir, Sennett, Toa Payoh Central, Toa Payoh West and Woodleigh.

Thomson Road, Singapore
Thomson Road is a major trunk road linking Singapore's central business district with the northern suburban areas of the country. The road is one of the longest in Singapore, starting from Novena in the south towards MacRitchie Reservoir, before continuing northwards as Upper Thomson Road towards Yishun and Sembawang.
Animation
Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby pictures are created or manipulated and then played in sequence to create the illusion of moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animation has been recognized as an artistic medium, specifically within the entertainment industry. Many animations are either traditional animations or computer animations made with computer-generated imagery (CGI). Stop motion animation, in particular claymation, is also prominent alongside these other forms, albeit to a lesser degree.

Animation is contrasted with live action, although the two do not exist in isolation. Many filmmakers have produced films that are a hybrid of the two. As CGI increasingly approximates photographic imagery, filmmakers can relatively easily composite 3D animated visual effects (VFX) into their film, rather than using practical effects.

Motion graphics
Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage that create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually displayed via electronic media technology, but may also be displayed via manual powered technology (e.g. thaumatrope, phenakistoscope, stroboscope, zoetrope, praxinoscope, flip book). The term distinguishes static graphics from those with a transforming appearance over time, without over-specifying the form. While any form of experimental or abstract animation can be called motion graphics, the term typically more explicitly refers to the commercial application of animation and effects to video, film, TV, and interactive applications.