hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
TvOS
tvOS (formerly Apple TV Software) is an operating system developed by Apple for the Apple TV, a digital media player. In the first-generation Apple TV, Apple TV Software was based on Mac OS X. The software for the second-generation and later Apple TVs is based on the iOS operating system and has many similar frameworks, technologies, and concepts.

The second- and third-generation Apple TV have several built-in applications, but do not support third-party applications.

On September 9, 2015, Apple announced the fourth-generation Apple TV, with support for third-party applications. Apple also changed the name of the Apple TV operating system to tvOS, adopting the camel case nomenclature that they were using for their other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and (later, in 2016) macOS.

The latest version, tvOS 26, was released on September 15, 2025.

IOS 11
iOS 11 is the eleventh major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple, being the successor to iOS 10. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 5, 2017, and was released on September 19, 2017. It was succeeded by iOS 12 on September 17, 2018.
HMS Triumph (S93)
HMS Triumph was a Trafalgar-class nuclear submarine of the Royal Navy and was the seventh and final boat of her class. She was the nineteenth nuclear-powered hunter-killer submarine built for the Royal Navy. Triumph was the tenth vessel, and the second submarine, to bear the name.  The first HMS Triumph was a 68-gun galleon built in 1561.

Triumph was laid down in 1987 by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering. The boat was launched in February 1991 by Mrs. Ann Hamilton, wife of the then Armed Forces Minister Archie Hamilton. She was commissioned in October that same year.

After returning to her base at Devonport for the final time in late 2024, Triumph was decommissioned in July 2025, being the last boat of her class in service.

HMS Trafalgar (S107)
HMS Trafalgar is a decommissioned Trafalgar-class submarine of the Royal Navy. Unlike the rest of the Trafalgar-class boats that followed, she was not launched with a pump-jet propulsion system, but with a conventional 7-bladed propeller. Trafalgar was the fifth vessel of the Royal Navy to bear the name, after the 1805 Battle of Trafalgar.
Empty set
In mathematics, the empty set or void set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality (count of elements in a set) is zero. Some axiomatic set theories ensure that the empty set exists by including an axiom of empty set, while in other theories, its existence can be deduced. Many possible properties of sets are vacuously true for the empty set.

Any set other than the empty set is called non-empty.

In some textbooks and popularizations, the empty set is referred to as the "null set".  However, null set is a distinct notion within the context of measure theory, in which it describes a set of measure zero (which is not necessarily empty).

Identity element
In mathematics, an identity element or neutral element of a binary operation is an element that leaves unchanged every element when the operation is applied. For example, 0 is an identity element of the addition of real numbers. This concept is used in algebraic structures such as groups and rings. The term identity element is often shortened to identity (as in the case of additive identity and multiplicative identity) when there is no possibility of confusion, but the identity implicitly depends on the binary operation it is associated with.
Lord President of the Council
The Lord President of the Council is the presiding officer of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and the fourth of the Great Officers of State, ranking below the Lord High Treasurer but above the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. The Lord President usually attends and is responsible for chairing the meetings of the Privy Council, presenting business for the approval of the Sovereign.

Secretary of State for Business and Trade
The secretary of state for business and trade (business secretary), is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Department for Business and Trade. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The incumbent business secretary is Peter Kyle who was appointed by Keir Starmer on 5 September 2025.
The secretary of state is shadowed by the shadow secretary of state for business and trade, currently Andrew Griffith since 2024.
Estonian language
Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsʲti ˈkeːl] ⓘ) is a Finnic language and the official language of Estonia. It is written in the Latin script and is the first language of the majority of the country's population; it is also an official language of the European Union. Estonian is spoken natively by about 1.1 million people: 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 elsewhere.

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
List of viceroys of New Spain
This article lists the viceroys who ruled the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1535 to 1821 in the name of the monarch of Spain.

In addition to viceroys, this article lists the highest Spanish governors of the viceroyalty, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. Most of these individuals exercised most or all of the functions of viceroy, usually on an interim basis.

Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas del Río Pisuerga
Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas del Río Pisuerga (c. 1534 – September 7, 1617) was a Spanish nobleman who was the ninth viceroy of New Spain from January 27, 1590 to November 4, 1595, and again from July 2, 1607, to June 10, 1611. In between he was viceroy of Peru for eight years, from July 24, 1596, to January 18, 1604. He was known as Luis de Velasco, hijo to distinguish him from his father, Luis de Velasco, the second viceroy of New Spain.
Gil Kane
Gil Kane (/ɡɪl keɪn/; born Eli Katz /kæts/, Latvian: Elija Kacs; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American comics artist whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.

Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the superheroes Green Lantern and the Atom for DC Comics, and co-created Iron Fist  and Adam Warlock with Roy Thomas for Marvel Comics. He was involved in the anti-drug storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man #96–98, which, at the behest of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, bucked the then-prevalent Comics Code Authority to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early graphic novel prototype, His Name Is... Savage, in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, Blackmark, in 1971.

In 1997, he was inducted into both the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame and the Harvey Award Jack Kirby Hall of Fame.

Showcase (comics)
Showcase is a comic anthology series published by DC Comics. The general theme of the series was to feature new and minor characters as a way to gauge reader interest in them, without the difficulty and risk of featuring untested characters in their own ongoing titles. Showcase is regarded as the most successful of such tryout series, having been published continuously for more than 14 years, launching numerous popular titles, and maintaining a considerable readership of its own. The series ran from March–April 1956 to September 1970, suspending publication with issue #93, and then was revived for eleven issues from August 1977 to September 1978.
2024 Women's Masters Basel
The 2024 Women's Masters Basel was held from September 20 to 22 at the Curlingzentrum Region Basel in Arlesheim, Switzerland. The event was held in a round robin format with a purse of 35,000 CHF. It was the first time the event is not held as part of the World Curling Tour.

2025 International Bernese Ladies Cup
The 2025 International Bernese Ladies Cup was held from January 23 to 26 at Curling Bern in Bern, Switzerland as part of the World Curling Tour. The event was held in a round-robin format with a purse of 20,000 CHF.

In an all-Swiss final, Silvana Tirinzoni and her team from Aarau beat Xenia Schwaller's Zurich rink 3–1. Tirinzoni, with Alina Pätz, Carole Howald and Selina Witschonke, stole points in the fifth and eighth ends to seal the win after Schwaller's final draw came up short. To reach the final, Team Tirinzoni finished 4–1 through the round robin and won playoff games over Sweden's Isabella Wranå and Scotland's Fay Henderson. For Schwaller, they qualified for the playoffs with an unblemished 5–0 record and beat Team Constantini in the quarterfinals and Corrie Hürlimann in the semifinals. Team Morrison of Scotland and Team Kubešková of Czech Republic rounded out the playoff field.
Condado de Treviño
Condado de Treviño ("County of Treviño") is a municipality in the province of Burgos, autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. This municipality and the geographically smaller La Puebla de Arganzón make up the enclave of Treviño. Although the enclave is part of Burgos (and, hence, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León) it is surrounded by the province of Álava, part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. The seat of the municipality is Treviño.

As of 2015, the municipality had a population of 1,362.

Minor local entity
In some communities of Spain, minor local entity (Spanish: Entidad de Ámbito Territorial Inferior al Municipio EATIM) is a territorial entity of scope smaller than municipality defined and regulated by the regional governments.

Some examples are caseríos, parroquias, aldeas, barrios, anteiglesias, concejos, pedanías, lugares anejos, decentralised municipal entity (Catalan: entitat municipal descentralitzada (EMD)) in Catalonia, autonomous local entity (Spanish: entidad local autónoma) in Andalucía, rural parish (Spanish: parroquia rural) in Asturias.

The administration of these entities have various names including an concejo abierto, a single person mayor called Alcalde pedáneo and a rural council (Spanish: junta vecinal) and councils of Álava.

There are almost 4,000 minor local entities; most of them (2,226) are to be found in the autonomous community of Castilla y Leon.
TOPAZ nuclear reactor
The TOPAZ nuclear reactor is a lightweight nuclear reactor developed for long term space use by the Soviet Union. Cooled by liquid metal, it uses a high-temperature moderator containing hydrogen and highly enriched fuel and produces electricity using a thermionic converter.

Kosmos 1818
Kosmos 1818 was a nuclear powered Soviet surveillance satellite in the RORSAT program, which monitored NATO vessels using radar. Kosmos 1818 was the first satellite to use the TOPAZ-1 fission reactor. In July 2008, the satellite was damaged, and leaked a trail of sodium coolant.
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (Polish: województwo świętokrzyskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ ɕfjɛntɔˈkʂɨskʲɛ] ⓘ), also known as Holy Cross Voivodeship, is a voivodeship (province) in southeastern Poland, in the historical region of Lesser Poland. The province's capital and largest city is Kielce. The voivodeship takes its name from the Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross) Mountains.

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship is bounded by six other voivodeships: Masovian to the north, Lublin to the east, Subcarpathian to the south-central, Lesser Poland to the south, Silesian to the southwest, and Łódź to the northwest.

The province covers an area of 11,672 square kilometres (4,507 sq mi), making it the second smallest province (after Opole). As at 2019, the total population of Świętokrzyskie Province was 1,237,369.

Gmina Daleszyce
Gmina Daleszyce is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Daleszyce, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 222.18 square kilometres (85.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 14,713 (out of which the population of Daleszyce amounts to 2,800, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,913).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Cisów-Orłowiny Landscape Park.
Jim Smith (footballer, born 1940)
James Michael Smith (17 October 1940 – 10 December 2019) was an English footballer and manager. As a player, he made 249 appearances in the Fourth Division of the Football League, representing Aldershot, Halifax Town, Lincoln City and Colchester United, and played for 3+1⁄2 years for Boston United of the Northern Premier League. He began a long managerial career with Boston United, and went on to take charge of top division clubs such as Birmingham City, Newcastle United and Derby County. Smith served as a member of the board of directors of Oxford United for three years from 2006 to 2009. He served as the League Managers' Association's chief executive and was inducted into their Hall of Fame for managing over 1000 matches. He was nicknamed "The Bald Eagle".

Football League First Division
The Football League First Division was the top division of the Football League in England from 1888 until the end of the 1991–92 season, when its teams broke away to form the Premier League.  From 1992 to 2004, the name First Division was given to what had previously been called the Second Division. After the 2003–04 season, the division was renamed the Football League Championship (now EFL Championship, with the division below it called EFL League One).

The First Division contained between 12 and 24 clubs, playing each other home and away in a double round robin. The competition was based on two points for a win from 1888 until the increase to three points for a win in 1981.
Mahmoud Taleghani
Mahmoud Alaei Taleghani (Persian: محمود علایی طالقانی, pronunciationⓘ, also romanized as Mahmūd Tāleqānī; 5 March 1911 – 9 September 1979) was an Iranian theologian, Muslim reformer, democracy advocate, a senior Shia Islamic scholar and thinker of Iran, and a leader in his own right of the movement against Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. A founding member of the Freedom Movement of Iran, he has been described as a representative of the tendency of many "Shia clerics to blend Shia with Marxist ideals in order to compete with leftist movements for youthful supporters" during the 1960s and 1970s. His "greatest influence" has been said to have been in "his teaching of Quranic exegesis," as many later revolutionaries were his students.

He was Tehran's first Friday Prayer Imam after the Iranian Revolution.

Yadollah Sahabi
Yadollah Sahabi (Persian: یدالله سحابی) (25 February 1905 – 12 April 2002) was a prominent Iranian scholar, writer, reformist and politician. A close associate of Mohammad Mosaddegh and Mehdi Bazargan, Sahabi was an active campaigner for the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry in the 1950s. He was the father of Ezzatollah Sahabi and Fereydun Sahabi.

Sahabi studied at Université Lille Nord de France and majored in Geology. He got his Ph.D. degree in 1936 and was immediately hired by Tehran University, faculty of science. Sahabi was one of the founders of the Freedom Movement of Iran. He was an advocate of pluralism nationalization He was a full professor at Tehran University and well-credited writer.

Sahabi is considered by many Iranians a national hero and an Iranian treasure. He died at the age of 97 in Jam Hospital in Tehran.
Elbasan
Elbasan (/ˌɛlbəˈsɑːn/ EL-bə-SAHN, Albanian: [ɛlbaˈsan]; Albanian definite form: Elbasani, pronounced [ɛlbaˈsani]) is the fourth most populous city of Albania and seat of Elbasan County and Elbasan Municipality. It lies to the north of the river Shkumbin between the Skanderbeg Mountains and the Myzeqe Plain in central Albania.

Përmet
Përmet (Albanian: [pəɾˈmɛt]) is a town and municipality in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. The municipality of Përmet consists of the administrative units of Çarçovë, Frashër, Petran, Qendër Piskovë and Përmet. The total population is 7,980 as of 2023, in a total area of 602.47 km2. The population of the municipal unit at the 2023 census was 4,809. It is flanked by the Vjosë river, which runs along the Trebeshinë-Dhëmbel-Nemërçkë mountain chain, between Trebeshinë and Dhëmbel mountains, and through the Këlcyrë Gorge.
Joe Alaskey
Joseph Francis Alaskey III (April 17, 1952 – February 3, 2016) was an American actor and comedian. He was one of Mel Blanc's successors at the Warner Bros. Animation studio until his death. He alternated with Jeff Bergman, Greg Burson, Jim Cummings, Bob Bergen, Maurice LaMarche and Billy West in voicing Warner Bros. cartoon characters such as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Sylvester, Tweety, Elmer Fudd, Yosemite Sam, Foghorn Leghorn, Pepé Le Pew, Marvin the Martian, Speedy Gonzales, Wile E. Coyote, Road Runner and Taz, among many others. He also voiced Plucky Duck on Tiny Toon Adventures from 1990 to 1995. Alaskey was the second actor to voice Grandpa Lou Pickles on Nickelodeon's Rugrats (taking over after David Doyle's death in 1997). He would later reprise his role in the spin-off series All Grown Up!.

Tweety's High-Flying Adventure
Tweety's High-Flying Adventure is a 2000 American animated musical slapstick comedy film produced by Tom Minton and James T. Walker, written by Tom Minton, Tim Cahill and Julie McNally, and directed by James T. Walker, Karl Toerge, Charles Visser, and Kyung Won Lim, starring Tweety (Joe Alaskey).

The film also features other Looney Tunes characters such as Sylvester (as the main antagonist), Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck (all three are also voiced by Alaskey), Yosemite Sam (Jim Cummings), Shropshire Slasher (as the secondary antagonist), Foghorn Leghorn (Jeff Bennett), and Taz (Cummings). Lola Bunny (Kath Soucie) also makes multiple cameo appearances as a news reporter. The animation was made overseas by the South Korean animation company Koko Enterprises. The movie is an updated spoof based on the novel Around the World in Eighty Days by Jules Verne.
Virilization
Virilization or masculinization is the biological development of adult male characteristics in young males or females. Most of the changes of virilization are produced by androgens.

Virilization is a medical term commonly used in three medical and biology of sex contexts: prenatal biological sexual differentiation, the postnatal changes of typical chromosomal male (46, XY) puberty, and excessive androgen effects in typical chromosomal females (46, XX). It is also the intended result of androgen replacement therapy in males with delayed puberty and low testosterone.

Voice change
A voice change or voice mutation, sometimes referred to as a voice break or voice crack, commonly refers to the deepening of the voice of men as they reach puberty. Before puberty both sexes have roughly similar vocal pitches, but during puberty the male voice typically deepens an octave, while the female voice gradually becomes richer.

A similar effect is a "voice crack", during which a person's voice suddenly and unintentionally enters a higher register (usually falsetto) for a brief period of time. This may be caused by singing or talking at a pitch outside the person's natural vocal range, stress, fatigue, emotional tension, or the physical changes associated with puberty. An instance of a voice crack (when associated with puberty) lasts for only a moment and generally occurs less frequently as the individual grows into maturity.
Kelsey Serwa
Kelsey Serwa (born September 1, 1989) is a Canadian retired freestyle skier who was a member of the Canadian national ski cross team. She won a gold medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang and a silver medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. She is the 2011 FIS World Champion and two times Winter X Games champion. In addition, she has won a bronze medal at the 2010 X Games.

Christopher Del Bosco
Christopher Del Bosco (born March 30, 1982), is an American-born, Canadian freestyle skier who currently resides in  Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Del Bosco is a member of the Canadian national ski cross team. He is a former FIS World Champion and X Games champion in ski cross and has four other medals from the X Games including one gold, one silver, and two bronze. Del Bosco was a United States national champion prior to switching to the Canadian team.
Adams County, Nebraska
Adams County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,205, and was estimated to be 31,196 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Hastings.

Adams County comprises the Hastings, NE Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Adams County was represented by the prefix "14" (as it had the 14th-largest number of vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922).

Hamilton County, Nebraska
Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 9,429. Its county seat is Aurora. The county was named for Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury in the new United States government.

Hamilton County is included in the Grand Island metropolitan area.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Hamilton County is represented by the prefix 28 (it had the 28th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
2017–18 EFL Cup
The 2017–18 EFL Cup was the 58th season of the EFL Cup. The competition was open to all 92 clubs participating in the Premier League and the English Football League. It was known as the Carabao Cup due to the start of a sponsorship deal with Carabao Energy Drinks after the tournament was unsponsored the previous year. The final took place at Wembley Stadium in London.

Manchester City won their fifth title after a 3–0 win over Arsenal in the final.

Manchester United were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Bristol City in the fifth round.

2018–19 EFL Cup
The 2018–19 EFL Cup was the 59th season of the EFL Cup. Also known as the Carabao Cup for sponsorship reasons, the competition was open to all 92 clubs participating in the Premier League and the English Football League. The first round was played on 14 August 2018, ten days after the start of the Football League season. Manchester City successfully defended their title, their first step in becoming the first English team to complete a domestic treble for the football season, as they later won the 2018–19 Premier League and the 2018–19 FA Cup. The final was held at Wembley Stadium in London on 24 February 2019.