hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nature reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for purposes of conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research. They may be designated by government institutions in some countries, or by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions. Nature reserves fall into different IUCN categories depending on the level of protection afforded by local laws. Normally it is more strictly protected than a nature park. Various jurisdictions may use other terminology, such as ecological protection area or private protected area in legislation and in official titles of the reserves.

Natural history
Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is called a naturalist or natural historian.

Natural history encompasses scientific research but is not limited to it. It involves the systematic study of any category of natural objects or organisms, so while it dates from studies in the ancient Greco-Roman world and the mediaeval Arabic world, through to European Renaissance naturalists working in near isolation, today's natural history is a cross-discipline umbrella of many specialty sciences; e.g., geobiology has a strong multidisciplinary nature.
Khalid Mohamed
Khalid Mohamed is an Indian journalist, editor, film critic, screenwriter and film director. He worked for The Times of India for 27 years and then DNA followed by Hindustan Times and was the lead editor for Filmfare magazine. He is the son of Zubeida Begum, on whose life he wrote the screenplay of Shyam Benegal's 2001 film, Zubeidaa.

Namrata Joshi
Namrata Joshi is an Indian film critic based in New Delhi. Originally working for Outlook, she remained there from 1999 till 2015, when she joined The Hindu. She won the National Film Award for Best Film Critic in 2004.
Interstate 10 in Louisiana
Interstate 10 (I-10), is a major transcontinental Interstate Highway in the Southern United States that runs across the southern part of Louisiana for 274.42 miles (441.64 km) from Texas to Mississippi. It passes through Lake Charles, Lafayette, and Baton Rouge, dips south of Lake Pontchartrain to serve the New Orleans metropolitan area, then crosses Lake Pontchartrain and goes into Mississippi.

Louisiana Highway 44
Louisiana Highway 44 (LA 44) is a state highway in Louisiana that serves Ascension, St. James, and St. John the Baptist Parishes.  It runs from west to east, parallel to the east bank of the Mississippi River, from Prairieville to LaPlace.  It spans a total of 50.1 miles (80.6 km).  Throughout its run, LA 44 is known as North/South Burnside Avenue, River Road, West/East Jefferson Highway, West 5th Street, and Main Street.
Gia Lai province
Gia Lai is a northern mountainous province in the Central Highlands region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Ngãi in the northeast, Đắk Lắk in the south and Ratanakiri of Cambodia in the west.

As of 2023, Gia Lai province is the 18th most populous administrative unit in Vietnam with a population of 1,613,895 people. It ranks 30th in terms of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), 33rd in per capita GRDP, and 33rd in GRDP growth rate. In 2020, the GRDP reached 80,000.32 billion VND, with a per capita GRDP of 51.9 million VND and a GRDP growth rate of 8.00%.

Prior to Vietnam's 2025 administrative reforms, Pleiku was formerly the capital of Gia Lai province making Quy Nhon the now capital city of Gia Lai province after merging with Bình Định province.

Phú Yên province
Phú Yên was a former central coastal province in the South Central Coast region, in Central Vietnam. It borders Bình Định to the north, Khánh Hòa to the south, Gia Lai to the northwest, Đắk Lắk to the southwest and the South China Sea to the east.

On June 12, 2025, Phú Yên was merged into Đắk Lắk province.
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
Norseman, Western Australia
Norseman is a town located in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia along the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, 726 kilometres (451 mi) east of Perth and 278 metres (912 ft) above sea level. It is also the starting point of the Eyre Highway, and the last major town in Western Australia before the South Australian border 720 kilometres (447 mi) to the east. At the 2021 census, Norseman had a population of 562, of whom 17% were Aboriginal.

Mallee bioregion
Mallee, also known as Roe Botanical District, is a biogeographic region in southern Western Australia. Located between the Esperance Plains, Avon Wheatbelt and Coolgardie bioregions, it has a low, gently undulating topography, a semi-arid mediterranean climate, and extensive Eucalyptus mallee vegetation. It has an area of 73,975.59 square kilometres (28,562.13 sq mi). About half of the region has been cleared for intensive agriculture. Recognised as a region under the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), it was first defined by John Stanley Beard in 1980.
Banksia ser. Dryandra
Banksia ser. Dryandra is a series of 94 species of shrub to small tree in the plant genus Banksia. It was considered a separate genus named Dryandra until early 2007, when it was merged into Banksia on the basis of extensive molecular and morphological evidence that Banksia was paraphyletic with respect to Dryandra.

Grevilleoideae
The Grevilleoideae are a subfamily of the plant family Proteaceae. Mainly restricted to the Southern Hemisphere, it contains around 46 genera and about 950 species. Genera include Banksia, Grevillea, and Macadamia.
Tributary
A tributary, or an affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (main stem or "parent"), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they flow, drain the surrounding drainage basin of its surface water and groundwater, leading the water out into an ocean, another river, or into an endorheic basin.

The Irtysh, a tributary of the Ob river, is the longest tributary river in the world with a length of 4,248 km (2,640 mi).
The Madeira River is the largest tributary river by volume in the world with an average discharge of 31,200 m3/s (1.1 million cu ft/s).

A confluence, where two or more bodies of water meet, usually refers to the joining of tributaries.

The opposite to a tributary is a distributary, a river or stream that branches off from and flows away from the main stream. Distributaries are most often found in river deltas.

Oxbow lake
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water. The word "oxbow" can also refer to a U-shaped bend in a river or stream, whether it is cut off from the main stream. It takes its name from an oxbow which is part of a harness for oxen to pull a plough or cart.

In South Texas, oxbows left by the Rio Grande are called resacas.  In Australia, oxbow lakes are called billabongs.
Jordynne Grace
Patricia Forrest Gresham (née Parker, born March 5, 1996), better known by her ring name Jordynne Grace, is an American professional wrestler, bodybuilder and powerlifter. She is signed to WWE, where she performs on the SmackDown brand.

Parker rose to prominence during her time in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where she is a three-time TNA Knockouts World Champion, one-time TNA Digital Media Champion (and the first woman to hold the title) and TNA Knockouts Tag Team Champion. Upon becoming the inaugural Digital Media Champion, Parker was recognized by TNA as the first Knockouts Triple Crown winner. She has previously also made appearances in Beyond Wrestling, Progress Wrestling, Pro-Wrestling: EVE, and Shine Wrestling.

As a powerlifter, Parker is the World Natural Powerlifting Federation (WNPF) Georgia State & National Records holder in the squat at 320 lb (150 kg), the bench press at 210 lb (95 kg) and the deadlift at 355 lb (161 kg) in the 165 lb weight class.

Kylie Rae
Briana Rae Sparrey (born August 25, 1992), better known by the ring name Kylie Rae, is an American professional wrestler. She is known for her time in All Elite Wrestling (AEW), Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), and WWE.
Locomotive
A locomotive is a rail vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. Traditionally, locomotives pulled trains from the front. However, push–pull operation has become common, and in the pursuit for longer and heavier freight trains,  companies are increasingly using distributed power: single or multiple  locomotives placed at the front and rear and at intermediate points throughout the train under the control of the leading locomotive.

Prime mover (locomotive)
In engineering, a prime mover is an engine that converts chemical energy of a fuel into useful work. In a locomotive, the prime mover is thus the source of power for its propulsion. In an engine-generator set, the engine is the prime mover, as distinct from the generator.
Julián Besteiro
Julián Besteiro Fernández ([xuˈljam besˈtejɾo], 21 September 1870 – 27 September 1940) was a Spanish socialist politician, elected to the Cortes Generales and in 1931 as Speaker of the Constituent Cortes of the Spanish Republic. He also was elected several times to the town council of Madrid. During the same period, he was a university professor of philosophy and logic, and dean of the department at the University of Madrid. As the leader of the moderate wing of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), he unsuccessfully tried to reach an agreement with the nationalist faction during the last year of the Civil War. After the defeat, he was imprisoned and died in jail.

National Defence Council (Spain)
The National Defence Council (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de Defensa) was the governing body in Republican Spain at the end of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The council seized power with Colonel Segismundo Casado's coup on 5 March 1939 when it was clear that the Republicans had lost the war. The leaders hoped to negotiate an end to hostilities with the rebel forces led by General Francisco Franco. However, Franco insisted on unconditional surrender, and on 26 March 1939 launched the final offensive of the Spanish Civil War. By the end of the month he controlled the whole country. Most of the council members escaped into exile on British warships.
AC Ajaccio
Athletic Club Ajaccien (Corsican: Athletic Club Aiaccini), commonly referred to as AC Ajaccio, ACA or simply Ajaccio (French pronunciation: [aʒaksjo] ⓘ) is a French football club based in the city of Ajaccio on the island of Corsica. They compete in the Régional 2, the seventh tier of French football, after having been administratively relegated at the end of the 2024–25 Ligue 2 season.

The club was founded in 1910. They play their home matches at the Stade Michel Moretti and are rivals with fellow Corsican club Bastia, with whom they contest the Corsica derby (Derby Corse).

Clermont Foot 63
Clermont Foot 63 (commonly referred to as Clermont Foot) is a French professional football club based in Clermont-Ferrand, France. It competes in Ligue 2. The first incarnation of the club was formed in 1911 and the current club was created in 1990 as a result of a merger.

The club plays its home matches at the Stade Gabriel-Montpied located within the city. In 2014, Clermont became the first professional team to appoint a female manager when they appointed Helena Costa. In 2021, the club achieved promotion to Ligue 1 for the first time in its history. It returned to Ligue 2 in 2024.
Diocese of Dubrovnik
The Diocese of Dubrovnik (Croatian: Dubrovačka biskupija); or Ragusa (Latin: Dioecesis Ragusiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in southern Croatia. The diocese is centred in the city of Dubrovnik. It was first erected in 990. From 1120 to 1828 it was elevated to the status of archdiocese. By papal bull Locum Beati Petri it was degraded to the level of a diocese in 1828.

The Cathedral of Assumption in Dubrovnik was built in 1713 after the previous cathedral was destroyed in an earthquake. Current bishop Roko Glasnović is head of the diocese. He was appointed by Pope Francis in 2021. Dubrovnik's patron saint is Saint Blaise (locally called Sveti Vlaho).

Roman Catholic Diocese of Šibenik
The Diocese of Šibenik (Latin: Dioecesis Sebenicensis; Croatian: Šibenska biskupija) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Croatia located in the city of Šibenik in the ecclesiastical province of Split-Makarska. It was established in 1298 by the pope Boniface VIII.
Ye (Hebei)
36°16′29″N 114°24′01″E﻿ / ﻿36.2748°N 114.4002°E﻿ / 36.2748; 114.4002

Ye or Yecheng (simplified Chinese: 邺城; traditional Chinese: 鄴城; pinyin: Yèchéng; Wade–Giles: Yeh4-ch'eng2) was an ancient Chinese city located in what is now Linzhang County, Handan, Hebei province and neighbouring Anyang, Henan province.

Ye was first built in the Spring and Autumn period by Duke Huan of Qi, and by the time of the Warring States period the city belonged to the state of Wei. During the Han dynasty, Ye was the seat of Wei Commandery and an important regional center. Following the collapse of Han rule, Ye served as the military headquarters of the warlords Yuan Shao and Cao Cao. Under the latter's rule, Ye transformed into a political and economic hub of northeastern China during the Three Kingdoms period, and during the Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern dynasties, the city served as the capital for the Later Zhao, Ran Wei, Former Yan, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi dynasties.

Jizhou (ancient China)
Ji Province, also known by its Chinese name Jizhou, was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China. It is referenced in Chinese historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou. It consisted of lands north of the Yellow River, including the modern province Hebei, and the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin.
Townland
A townland (Irish: baile fearainn; Ulster-Scots: toonlann) is a traditional small land division used in Ireland and in the Western Isles of Scotland, typically covering 100–500 acres (40–202 ha). The townland system is of medieval Gaelic origin, predating the Norman invasion, and most have Irish-derived names. However, some townland names and boundaries come from Norman manors, plantation divisions, or later creations of the Ordnance Survey. Townlands cover the whole island of Ireland, and the total number of inhabited townlands in Ireland was 60,679 in 1911. The total number recognised by the Placenames Database of Ireland as of 2014 was 61,098, including uninhabited townlands.

Carlow
Carlow (/ˈkɑːrloʊ/ KAR-loh; Irish: Ceatharlach [ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx]) is the county town of County Carlow, in the south-east of Ireland, 84 km (52 mi) from Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 27,351, the twelfth-largest urban center in Ireland.

The River Barrow flows through the town and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow. However, the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow is thousands of years old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a major role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
Zakynthos
Zakynthos, also known as Zante, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands, with an area of 405.55 km2 (156.6 sq mi), and a coastline 123 km (76 mi) in length. The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin. In Greek mythology, the island was said to be named after Zacynthus, the son of the legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.

Zakynthos is a tourist destination, especially amongst British tourists, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe. The island's nickname is "Fioro di Levante" (Flower of the East), bestowed upon it by the Venetians, who ruled Zakynthos from 1484 to 1797.

Methoni, Messenia
Methoni (Greek: Μεθώνη), formerly Methone or Modon (Venetian: Modon), is a village and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Pylos-Nestor, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 97.202 km2. Its name may be derived from Mothona, a mythical rock. It is located 11 km south of Pylos and 11 km west of Foinikounta. The municipal unit of Methoni includes the nearby villages of Grizokampos, Foinikounta, Foiniki, Lachanada, Varakes, Kainourgio Chorio, Kamaria, Evangelismos, and the Oinnoussai Islands. The islands are Sapientza, Schiza, and Santa Marina; they form a natural protection for Methoni harbour.

Its economy is dominated by tourism, attracted by its beaches (including Tapia, Kokkinia  and Kritika) and its historical castle.
Equidae
Equidae (commonly known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including asses, zebras, and many extinct species known only from fossils. The family evolved more than 50 million years ago, in the Eocene epoch, from a small, multi-toed ungulate into larger, single-toed animals. All extant species are in the genus Equus, which originated in North America. Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla, which includes the extant tapirs and rhinoceros, and several extinct families. It is more specifically grouped within the superfamily Equoidea, the only other family being the extinct Palaeotheriidae.

The term equid refers to any member of this family, including any equine.

Hipparion
Hipparion is an extinct genus of three-toed, medium-sized equine belonging to the extinct tribe Hipparionini, which lived about 10-5 million years ago. While the genus formerly included most hipparionines, the genus is now more narrowly defined as hipparionines from Eurasia spanning the Late Miocene. Hipparion was a mixed-feeder who ate mostly grass, and lived in the savannah biome. Hipparion evolved from Cormohipparion, and went extinct due to environmental changes like cooling climates and decreasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
East Azerbaijan province
East Azerbaijan Province (Persian: استان آذربایجان شرقی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tabriz.

The province borders Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Ardabil province, West Azerbaijan province, and Zanjan province. East Azerbaijan is in Region 3 of Iran, with its secretariat located in Tabriz.

Koshksaray District
Koshksaray District (Persian: بخش کشکسرای) is in Marand County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Koshksaray, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 12,250 people in 2,980 households.
Republic Records
Republic Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group. Based in New York City, it was founded by Avery Lipman and Monte Lipman as an independent label in 1995, and was acquired by UMG in 2000. Republic was initially an imprint of the Universal Motown Republic Group, and was renamed Universal Republic Records after a reorganization in 2006 before going back to its original name in 2012.

Ryan Tedder
Ryan Benjamin Tedder (born June 26, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is the co-founder and frontman of the pop rock band OneRepublic, and has a concurrent career in production and songwriting for other artists.

Tedder's production and songwriting work has been proven commercially successful. "Apologize", performed by his band OneRepublic, "Bleeding Love", performed by Leona Lewis, and "Halo", performed by Beyoncé, were each produced by Tedder and remain among the best-selling singles of all time. In early 2014, Billboard named him "The Undercover King of Pop" and featured him on the magazine's cover. He is a three-time recipient of the Grammy Award for Album of the Year for his credits on Adele's 21 and 25, and Taylor Swift's 1989. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) reported Tedder's productions to have sold 450 million cumulative units worldwide. He also served as a co-producer for the 2018 reality competition series Songland.
2020 ARCA Menards Series
The 2020 ARCA Menards Series season was the 68th season of the ARCA Menards Series. It began on February 8 with the Lucas Oil 200 at Daytona International Speedway and ended on October 16 with the Speediatrics 150 at Kansas Speedway. 2020 was the first season that the series was sanctioned by NASCAR.

Bret Holmes won the drivers championship, his first ARCA title.

When the season was put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic, drivers from all NASCAR series, including a few ARCA drivers, participated in the inaugural eNASCAR iRacing Pro Invitational Series during that time.

Bret Holmes Racing
Bret Holmes Racing was an American professional stock car racing team that fielded the No. 32 full-time Chevrolet Silverado full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series for owner Bret Holmes. The team had a technical alliance with Spire Motorsports. The team shut down its operations in 2024; its assets were sold to Late Model team owner Chris Hettinger, who renamed it Hettinger Racing.
1976 EuroHockey Club Champions Cup
The 1976 EuroHockey Club Champions Cup, taking place in Amsterdam, was the third edition of Europe's premier field hockey club competition. It was won by Southgate Hockey Club from London - the first of three titles in a row.

1977 EuroHockey Club Champions Cup
The 1977 EuroHockey Club Champions Cup, taking place in London, was the fourth edition of Europe's premier field hockey club competition. It was won by hosts and defending champions Southgate Hockey Club from London.