hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nakh languages
The Nakh languages are a group of languages within the Northeast Caucasian family, spoken chiefly by the Chechens and Ingush in the North Caucasus.

Bats is the endangered language of the Bats people, an ethnic minority in Georgia.
The Chechen, Ingush and Bats peoples are also grouped under the ethno-linguistic umbrella of Nakh peoples.

Chechen language
Chechen (Нохчийн, Noxçiyn, [ˈnɔxt͡ʃĩː]) is a Northeast Caucasian language, spoken primarily by the Chechen people, native to the Russian republic of Chechnya, as well as its neighbouring republics. With approximately 1.8 million speakers, it is also spoken by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of the world.
California Republican Party
The California Republican Party (CAGOP) is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in  the U.S. state of California. The party is based in Sacramento, California and is led by chair Corrin Rankin.

As of October 2023, Republicans represent approximately 23.9% of the state's registered voters, placing the party far behind the California Democratic Party which has 46.8% of registered voters. The party is a super minority in the California State Legislature, holding less than 1/3 (33.3%) of the seats in both chambers of the legislature: 20 seats out of 80 in the California State Assembly (23.75%), and 9 seats out of 40 in the California State Senate (23%). The party holds none of the eight statewide executive branch offices, 9 of the state's 52 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives delegation (17%), and neither of California's seats in the U.S. Senate.

Suzette Martinez Valladares
Suzette Martinez Valladares (born December 21, 1980) is an American politician who is a member of the California State Senate since 2024, representing the 23rd district. A member of the Republican Party, she previously served as a member of the California State Assembly from the 38th district, which included the Santa Clarita Valley and Simi Valley. Elected in 2020, she assumed office on December 7, 2020. In 2022, she ran in the newly redrawn 40th Assembly district, and narrowly lost the election to Pilar Schiavo by a 50.2% to 49.8% margin.
Anhalt-Bernburg
Anhalt-Bernburg was a principality  of the Holy Roman Empire and a duchy of the German Confederation ruled by the House of Ascania with its residence at Bernburg in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. It emerged as a subdivision from the Principality of Anhalt from 1252 until 1468, when it fell to the Ascanian principality of Anhalt-Dessau. Recreated in 1603, Anhalt-Bernburg finally merged into the re-unified Duchy of Anhalt upon the extinction of the line in 1863.

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt
Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 1794 – 22 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania.

From 1817 until 1853, he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and, from 1847 until 1853, also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. From 1853 until 1863, he was the ruler of the joined duchy of Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen and from 1863, the first ruler of the united duchy of Anhalt.
Theudas
Theudas (/ˈθjuːdəs/; Greek: Θευδᾶς; died c. 46 CE) was a Jewish rebel of the 1st century AD. Scholars attribute to his name a Greek etymology and according to Thayer, is a contraction of Theodore, and Hitchcock, for his part, says it means "flowing with water" , although with a Hellenist-styled ending. At some point between 44 and 46 CE, Theudas led his followers in a short-lived revolt.

Gamaliel
Gamaliel the Elder (/ɡəˈmeɪliəl, -ˈmɑː-, ˌɡæməˈliːəl/; also spelled Gamliel; Hebrew: רַבַּן גַּמְלִיאֵל הַזָּקֵן Rabban Gamliʾēl haz-Zāqēn; Koine Greek: Γαμαλιὴλ ὁ Πρεσβύτερος Gamaliēl ho Presbýteros), or Rabban Gamaliel I, was a leading authority in the Sanhedrin in the early first century CE. He was the son of Simeon ben Hillel and grandson of the great Jewish teacher Hillel the Elder. He fathered Simeon ben Gamliel, who was named for Gamaliel's father, and a daughter, who married a priest named Simon ben Nathanael.

In the Christian tradition, Gamaliel is recognized as a Pharisaic doctor of Jewish Law. Gamaliel was named as a member of the Sanhedrin in Acts 5 and the teacher of Paul the Apostle in Acts 22:3. Gamaliel encouraged his fellow Pharisees to show leniency to the apostles of Jesus in Acts 5:34.
Stacie Mistysyn
Stacie Moana Mistysyn (born July 23, 1971) is an American and Canadian actress who is best known for her role as Caitlin Ryan throughout multiple incarnations of the Degrassi teen drama franchise, from Degrassi Junior High through Degrassi: The Next Generation. She previously played Lisa Canard in The Kids of Degrassi Street from 1982 to 1986.

She won a Gemini Award for Degrassi Junior High in 1989 and was nominated in 1987 and 1990. She was also named in a Young Artist Award for Outstanding Young Ensemble Cast nomination in 1990.

Anais Granofsky
Anais Granofsky (born May 14, 1973) is an American-born Canadian actress, screenwriter, producer and director, who is best known for playing the role of Lucy Fernandez in the Degrassi television franchise, appearing as a main character in Degrassi Junior High (1987–89) and Degrassi High (1989–91). She reprised the role in four episodes of Degrassi: The Next Generation (2001–02).
Justice First
Justice First (Spanish: Primero Justicia) is a centre-right political party in Venezuela. Founded in 1992 as a civil association, it became a political party in 2000. Henrique Capriles was the candidate of the party in the 2013 Venezuelan presidential election.

Radical Cause
The Radical Cause (Spanish: La Causa Radical, LCR), stylized as La Causa Я, is a minor left-wing political party in Venezuela, and today part of the Venezuelan opposition to president Nicolás Maduro.

At its peak in the early 1990s, the party came within touching distance of winning the 1993 presidential elections. However, the party split in 1997 when a number of members left to form Patria Para Todos, now part of the pro-government Great Patriotic Pole (GPP) electoral alliance. LCR has now lost much of its national profile, but retains some influence in its home region of Guayana.
Val Venis
Sean Allen Morley (born March 6, 1971), better known by his ring name Val Venis, is a Canadian retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his tenure in World Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment (WWF/WWE) from 1998 to 2009. He has also worked for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling.

During his career in WWF/WWE, Venis held the Intercontinental Championship twice, the European Championship once, and the World Tag Team Championship once with Lance Storm. As the masked Steele, he was the youngest person to win the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship.

Alicia Webb
Alicia Nicole Webb (born May 4, 1979) is an American retired professional wrestling valet and occasional professional wrestler. She is best known for her appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1999 under the ring name Ryan Shamrock and in World Championship Wrestling in 1999 to 2000 under the ring name Symphony.
Lubań County
Lubań County (Polish: powiat lubański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area  of 428.2 square kilometres (165.3 sq mi). Its administrative seat and largest town is Lubań. The county also contains the towns of Olszyna, Leśna and Świeradów-Zdrój.

As at 2006 the total population of the county is 54,493, out of which the population of Lubań is 21,087, that of Leśna is 4,439, that of Olszyna is 4,348, that of Świeradów-Zdrój is 4,147, and the rural population is 20,472.

Gmina
The gmina (Polish: [ˈɡmina], pl. gminy [ˈɡminɨ]) is the basic unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. As of 1 January 2019, there were 2,479 gminy throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminy include cities and towns, with 322 among them constituting an independent urban gmina (Polish: gmina miejska) consisting solely of a standalone town or one of the 107 cities, the latter governed by a city mayor (prezydent miasta).

The gmina has been the basic unit of territorial division in Poland since 1974, when it replaced the smaller gromada. Three or more gminy make up a higher level unit called a powiat, except for those holding the status of a city with powiat rights. Each and every powiat has the seat in a city or town, in the latter case either an urban gmina or a part of an urban-rural one.
Ernie Richardson (curler)
Ernest M. Richardson, CM (born August 4, 1931) is a four-time Canadian and world curling champion. Richardson mainly curled with his brother and two cousins, until an injury forced him to replace one of his cousins.  He was nicknamed "The King", and has been inducted into the World Curling Federation Hall of Fame, the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame and the Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame.

World Curling Championships
The World Curling Championships are the annual world championships for curling, organized by the World Curling Federation and contested by national championship teams. There are men's, women's and mixed doubles championships, as well as men's and women's versions of junior and senior championships. There is also a world championship for wheelchair curling. The men's championship started in 1959, while the women's started in 1979. The mixed doubles championship was started in 2008. Since 2005, the men's and women's championships have been held in different venues, with Canada hosting one of the two championships every year: the men's championship in odd years, and the women's championship in even years. Canada has dominated both the men's and women's championships since their inception, although Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany (West Germany), Scotland, the United States, Norway and China have all won at least one championship.
Guest appearance
The term guest appearance generally denotes the appearance of a guest in an artistic or pop-culture setting.

The guests themselves (referred to as guest artists, featured artists, guest stars, or guest fighters, depending on context), are distinguished from the other real artists or fictional characters by not being part of or fitting the usual theme of the cast. They are usually recognisable on their own and only appear once or rarely within that cast.

Rocko (rapper)
Rodney Ramone Hill Jr. (born December 28, 1979), better known by his stage name Rocko, is an American rapper and record executive from Atlanta, Georgia. He is credited with having discovered fellow Atlanta-based rapper Future, who signed with Hill's record label, A1 Recordings, in 2010. Hill served as executive producer for Future's first six studio albums until his 2017 departure.

Prior, Hill signed a joint venture with Jermaine Dupri's So So Def Recordings and Island Records to release his debut studio album, Self Made (2008). Despite negative critical reception, the album peaked at number 21 on the US Billboard 200 and was supported by the single "Umma Do Me", which peaked at number 66 on the US Billboard Hot 100. His 2013 single, "U.O.E.N.O." (featuring Future and Rick Ross), peaked at number 20 on the chart.
River Vale, New Jersey
River Vale is a township in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. River Vale is the easternmost municipality in an area of the county referred to as the Pascack Valley. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 9,909, an increase of 250 (+2.6%) from the 2010 census count of 9,659, which in turn reflected an increase of 210 (+2.2%) from the 9,449 counted in the 2000 census. The township was ranked #29 on the 100 Best Places to Live 2007 survey published by CNN/Money magazine.

River Vale was formed as a township on April 30, 1906, from portions of both Hillsdale Township (now Hillsdale Borough) and Washington Township. The township was named for its location along the Hackensack River.

On January 5, 1904, the temperature in River Vale fell to −34 °F (−37 °C), the lowest temperature ever recorded in New Jersey.

222nd New Jersey Legislature
The 222nd New Jersey Legislature began on January 13, 2026, following the 2025 election for the General Assembly. It will end on January 11, 2028.

The members of the Assembly will serve two-year terms through the end of the legislative session in January 2028 while members of the Senate elected in 2023 will continue serving their four-year terms that began in January 2024 that will also expire in January 2028.
Cecil Day-Lewis
Cecil Day-Lewis (or Day Lewis; 27 April 1904 – 22 May 1972), often written as C. Day-Lewis, was an Anglo-Irish poet and Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1968 until his death. He also wrote mystery stories under the pseudonym Nicholas Blake, most of which feature the fictional detective Nigel Strangeways.

During the Second World War he worked as a publications editor in the British government's Ministry of Information and also served in the Musbury branch of the Home Guard. He was the father of the actor Sir Daniel Day-Lewis and the chef Tamasin Day-Lewis.

Laurie Lee
Laurence Edward Alan Lee, MBE (26 June 1914 – 13 May 1997) was an English poet, novelist and screenwriter, who was brought up in the small village of Slad in Gloucestershire.

His most notable work is the autobiographical trilogy Cider with Rosie (1959), As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning (1969), and A Moment of War (1991). The first volume recounts his childhood in the Slad Valley. The second deals with his leaving home for London and his first visit to Spain in 1935, and the third with his return to Spain in December 1937 to join the Republican International Brigades.
Kikuka-shō
The Kikuka-shō (菊花賞; pronounced Kikka-shō) is a  Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run over a distance of 3,000 metres (approximately 1+7⁄8 miles) at the Kyoto Racecourse, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture in October.

It was first run in 1938 and is the Japanese equivalent of the English St. Leger Stakes.

Kyoto Shimbun Hai
The Kyoto Shimbun Hai (Japanese 京都新聞杯) is a Grade 2 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old Thoroughbreds. It is run over a distance of 2200 metres at Kyoto Racecourse in May.

The Kyoto Shimbun Hai was first run in 1953 and was elevated to Grade 2 status in 1984. It serves as a trial race for the Grade 1 flat horse race  Tokyo Yushun. It was run over a variety of distances in its early history before being contested over 2000 metres from 1966. The distance was increased to 2200 metres in 1984 although it was run over 2000 metres again in 2000 and 2001.

Among the winners of the race have been Katsuragi Ace, Special Week, Admire Vega, Agnes Flight, Heart's Cry and Kizuna.
North Canberra
North Canberra, or the Inner North, is a subdivision of Canberra Central in the Australian Capital Territory in Australia comprising 14 suburbs. At the 2021 census, it had 26,699 dwellings housing 61,188 people of the 453,324 people in the Australian Capital Territory. Many of Canberra's oldest dwellings are located on it.

North Canberra is separated from South Canberra by Lake Burley Griffin. The two subdivisions combined form the district of Canberra Central and share Civic as their central commercial area.

It is one of the oldest parts of Canberra and is built in part in accordance to Walter Burley Griffin's designs.

Woden Valley
Woden Valley (/ˈwoʊdɪn/) is a district in the Australian Capital Territory in Australia. The district is subdivided into divisions (suburbs), sections and blocks.

The name of Woden Valley is taken from the name of a nearby homestead owned by James Murray who named the homestead in October 1837 after the Old English god of wisdom, Woden. He named it this as he was to spend his life in the pursuit of wisdom. However, historian Harold Koch considers that the name may have its origins in the Aboriginal word for possum, either wadyan or wadhan, influenced in interpretation by the term known to English speakers of 'Woden'.

In 1964 it was the first satellite city to be built, separate from the district of Canberra Central. It has its own shopping centre, employment opportunities and accommodation with twelve suburbs arranged around the Woden Town Centre. At the 2021 census, the population of the district was 39,279.
Big Sky Conference
The Big Sky Conference is a collegiate athletic conference, affiliated with the NCAA's Division I with football competing in the Football Championship Subdivision. As of 2024, ten full member institutions are located in the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Two affiliate members from California are football–only participants, and a South Carolina school joined for men's golf in July 2025. Sacramento State will leave at the end of the 2025–26 school year, with Southern Utah and Utah Tech joining.

Eastern Washington University
Eastern Washington University (EWU) is a public university in Cheney, Washington, United States. It shares Riverpoint Campus, its satellite campus in Spokane, Washington, with Washington State University.

Founded in 1882, the university is academically divided into four colleges: the College of Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences; the College of Health Science & Public Health; the College of Professional Programs; and the College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics.
Tomsk Oblast
Tomsk Oblast (Russian: То́мская о́бласть, romanized: Tomskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It lies in the southeastern West Siberian Plain, in the southwest of the Siberian Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Tomsk. Population: 1,047,394 (2010 Census).

The development of the territory which now constitutes the oblast began in the early 17th century. Tomsk itself was founded in 1604. Some of the oblast's 316,900 square kilometers (122,400 sq mi) territory is inaccessible because it is covered with taiga woods and swamps. Tomsk oblast contains Vasyugan Swamp, the biggest swamp in the northern hemisphere. The oblast borders with Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tyumen, Omsk, Novosibirsk, and Kemerovo Oblasts.

Administrative centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county seat or town, or the place where the central administration of a commune or equivalent subdivision, is located.

In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a chef-lieu (French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø], pl. chefs-lieux, lit. 'chief place'  or 'main place') is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective.
Maurice Binder
Maurice Binder (December 4, 1925 – April 9, 1991) was an American film title designer best known for his work on 16 James Bond films, including the first, Dr. No (1962), and for Stanley Donen's films from 1958.

Robert Brownjohn
Robert Brownjohn (August 8, 1925 – August 1, 1970) was an American graphic designer known for blending formal graphic design concepts with wit and 1960s pop culture. He is best known for his motion picture title sequences, especially From Russia with Love and Goldfinger.
Royal College of Physicians
The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) is a British professional membership body dedicated to improving the practice of medicine, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by examination. Founded by royal charter from King Henry VIII in 1518, as the College of Physicians, the RCP is the oldest medical college in England.

The RCP's home in Regent's Park is one of the few post-war buildings to be listed at Grade I. In 2016 it was announced that the RCP was to open new premises in Liverpool at The Spine, a new building in the Liverpool Knowledge Quarter. The Spine opened in May 2021.

The Lancet
The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal, founded in England in 1823. It is one of the world's highest-impact academic journals and also one of the oldest medical journals still in publication.

The journal publishes original research articles, review articles (divided into seminars and reviews), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. The Lancet has been owned by Elsevier since 1991, and its editor-in-chief since 1995 has been Richard Horton. The journal has editorial offices in London, New York City, and Beijing.
Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.

Atomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit.
Hamearis lucina
Hamearis lucina, the Duke of Burgundy, the only member of the genus Hamearis, is a European butterfly in the family Riodinidae. For many years, it was known as the "Duke of Burgundy fritillary", because the adult's chequered pattern is strongly reminiscent of "true" fritillaries of the family Nymphalidae.

Marsh fritillary
The marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Commonly distributed in the Palearctic region, the marsh fritillary's common name derives from one of its several habitats, marshland. The prolonged larval stage lasts for approximately seven to eight months and includes a period of hibernation over the winter. The larvae are dependent on the host food plant Succisa pratensis not only for feeding but also for hibernation, because silken webs are formed on the host plant as the gregarious larvae enter hibernation. Females lay eggs in batches on the host plant and are, like other batch-layers, selective about the location of oviposition because offspring survivorship levels for batch-layers are more tied to location selection than they are for single-egg layers.

As of 2019 the butterfly's global conservation status is considered of least concern, but it has faced rapid decline and is considered regionally vulnerable or endangered over much of its range.