hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonesboro, Arkansas
Jonesboro (/ˈdʒoʊnzbʌrə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Located on Crowley's Ridge in the northeastern part of the state, it is one of two county seats of Craighead County. The population was 78,579 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 84,155 in 2026, making it the fifth-most populous city in Arkansas. In 2024, the Jonesboro metropolitan area had a population of 138,152, and the greater Jonesboro-Paragould combined statistical area had a population of 184,749. Jonesboro is the home of Arkansas State University and is the cultural and economic center of Northeast Arkansas.

Arkansas Highway 1
Arkansas Highway 1 (AR 1) is a designation for three state highways in east Arkansas. One segment of 30.8 miles (49.6 km) runs from U.S. Route 278 (US 278) in McGehee north to US 165 at Back Gate. A second segment of 34.3 miles (55.2 km) runs from US 165 in DeWitt north to US 49 in Marvell. A third segment of 95.8 miles (154.2 km) runs from US 49 at Walnut Corner north to the Missouri state line. One of the original 1926 state highways, Highway 1 has remained very close to its original routing.
Lerner and Loewe
Lerner and Loewe is the partnership between lyricist and librettist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe. Spanning three decades and nine musicals from 1942 to 1960 and again from 1970 to 1972, the pair are known for being behind the creation of critical on stage successes such as My Fair Lady, Brigadoon, and Camelot along with the musical film Gigi.

Pygmalion (play)
Pygmalion is a play written by Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw in 1912, named after the Greek mythological figure. It was first presented onstage in German translation, premiering at the Hofburg Theatre in Vienna on 16 October 1913. Its English-language premiere took place at His Majesty's Theatre in London's West End in April 1914 and starred Herbert Beerbohm Tree as phonetics professor Henry Higgins and Mrs Patrick Campbell as Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle.

Pygmalion became the playwright's most popular play, enduring in popular culture as the heavily adapted and romanticized My Fair Lady (1956 musical and 1964 film).
Ferdinand, Vermont
Ferdinand is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. It was named after German Prince Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand of Brunswick-Lunenburg. Although incorporated, it was never formally organized since it never gained a sufficiently large permanent population. Its population was 16 at the 2020 census and was highest in 1910, with 213. It  is managed by the Unified Towns & Gores of Essex County. It is part of the Berlin, NH –VT Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Lewis, Vermont
Lewis is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for landholders Nathan, Sevignior, and Timothy Lewis. Although incorporated by the state, the town was never formally organized, since it never gained a sufficiently large permanent population. For most of the 20th century, the town had a total population of zero. It reported a population of 2 at the 2020 census; however it is possible due to the town sharing a census block with nearby towns and gores and the introduction of differential privacy in for the 2020 census, that the actual population remained at 0. Indeed, 100% of the town's land that is not federally protected is owned by a single logging company, Weyerhaeuser. The town's affairs are handled by the Unified Towns & Gores Of Essex County.
Regionalbahn
The Regionalbahn (German: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌbaːn] ⓘ; lit. Regional train; abbreviated RB) is a type of local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany. It is similar to the Regionalzug (R) and Regio (R) train categories in neighboring Austria and Switzerland, respectively.

Die Länderbahn
Die Länderbahn GmbH (German pronunciation: [diː ˈlɛndɐˌbaːn], lit. 'The States Railway', abbr. DLB), formerly Vogtlandbahn GmbH (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːktlantˌbaːn], lit. 'Vogtland Railway'), is a German rail transport company based in Viechtach, operating transport services originally only in the Vogtland, but now also on a regional basis. Die Länderbahn is a subsidiary of Regentalbahn AG, which is owned by Ferrovie dello Stato subsidiary Netinera (formerly Arriva Deutschland). The term vogtlandbahn remains in use as a trademark of Die Länderbahn in Vogtland.

Die Länderbahn is a member of the Tarifverband der Bundeseigenen und Nichtbundeseigenen Eisenbahnen in Deutschland (Tariff association of federally-owned and non-federally-owned railways in Germany, TBNE).
Crossroads (1955 TV series)
Crossroads is an American television anthology series based on the activities of clergy from different denominations. It aired from October 7, 1955, to September 27, 1957, on ABC. The show was retitled The Way of Life for syndication.

Story technical advisers were credited as Fr. George Barry Ford, USN Captain Maurice M. Witherspoon Presbyterian Minister, Vice-President of the Military Chaplains Association and Rabbi William Franklin Rosenblum. The entire series is preserved at the UCLA Film and Television Archive in Los Angeles, California.

The Sheriff of Cochise
The Sheriff of Cochise is an American police crime drama television series of 79 black-and-white episodes broadcast from 1956 to 1958. The show has two seasons of 39 episodes, and there is an additional standalone episode. Each episode runs for 30 minutes. The series features John Bromfield as Frank Morgan, the sheriff of Cochise County, Arizona. The series is succeeded by U.S. Marshal, in which Morgan was promoted to be the United States marshal for Arizona.
Sinj
Sinj (Croatian: [sîːɲ]) is a town in the continental part of Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. As of the 2021 census, the population was 23,500 people, of which 10,800 inhabited its urban core.

Sinj is known for a knights' tournament of Sinjska alka, which has been held since the beginning of the 18th century as a sign of victory over the Ottoman Empire, and for the shrine of Our Lady of Sinj. The urban center of Sinj is a protected cultural heritage site.

Livno
Livno (pronounced [lǐːʋno]) is a town and the administrative center of the Township of Livno and Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the river Bistrica at the southeastern edge of the Livno Field at the foot of Kruzi plateau which is located beneath the Cincar mountain and rocky hill Crvenice. Livno is the centre of the Canton 10 which mainly covers an area of the historical and geographical region of Tropolje. As of 2013, it has a population of 37,487 inhabitants.
The town, with its historic ruins and old city from the 9th century, was first mentioned in 892, developing at the crossroads between the Adriatic coast and inland, i.e., regions of Bosnia, Dalmatia, Herzegovina, and Krajina.
Atabeg
Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the title's use was with early Seljuk Turks who bestowed it on the Persian vizier Nizam al-Mulk. It was later used in the Kingdom of Georgia, first within the Armeno-Georgian family of Mkhargrdzeli as a military title and then within the house of Jaqeli as princes of Samtskhe.

Toghtekin
Zahir al-Din Toghtekin or Tughtekin (Arabic: ظاهر الدين طغتكين, romanized: Zahir ad-Din Tughtikin; died February 12, 1128), also spelled Tughtegin, was a Turkoman military leader, who was emir of Damascus from 1104 to 1128. He was the founder of the Burid dynasty of Damascus.
Dark-winged lesser house bat
The dark-winged lesser house bat (Scotoecus hirundo) is a species of vesper bat. It can be found in Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.

White-bellied yellow bat
The white-bellied yellow bat (Scotophilus leucogaster) or white-bellied house bat, is a species of vesper bat in the genus Scotophilus, the house bats. It can be found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia. It is found in dry and moist savanna and open woodland. It is a common species with a very wide range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Fairchild C-123 Provider
The Fairchild C-123 Provider is an American military transport aircraft designed by Chase Aircraft and built by Fairchild Aircraft for the U.S. Air Force. In addition to its USAF service, which included later service with the Air Force Reserve and the Air National Guard, it went on to serve the U.S. Coast Guard and various air forces in Southeast Asia. During the War in Vietnam, the C-123 was used to deliver supplies, to evacuate the wounded, for agent insertions behind enemy lines, and was also used to spray Agent Orange.

Sewart Air Force Base
Sewart Air Force Base (1941–1971) is a former United States Air Force base located in Smyrna, about 25 miles southeast of Nashville, Tennessee. During World War II, it was known as Smyrna Army Airfield.
Waterline
The waterline is the line where the hull of a ship meets the surface of the water.

A waterline can also refer to any line on a ship's hull that is parallel to the water's surface when the ship is afloat in a level trimmed position. Hence, waterlines are a class of "ships lines" used to denote the shape of a hull in naval architecture lines plans.

The load line (also known as Plimsoll line) is the waterline which indicates the legal limit to which a ship may be loaded for specific water types and temperatures in order to safely maintain buoyancy.

For vessels with displacement hulls, the hull speed is defined by, among other things, the waterline length. In a sailing boat, the waterline length can change significantly as the boat heels, and can dynamically affect the speed of the boat.

Displacement (ship)
The displacement or displacement tonnage of a ship is its weight. As the term indicates, it is measured indirectly, using Archimedes' principle, by first calculating the volume of water displaced by the ship, then converting that value into weight. Traditionally, various measurement rules have been in use, giving various measures in long tons. Today, tonnes are more commonly used.

Ship displacement varies by a vessel's degree of load, from its empty weight as designed (known as "lightweight tonnage") to its maximum load. Numerous specific terms are used to describe varying levels of load and trim, detailed below.

Ship displacement should not be confused with measurements of volume or capacity typically used for commercial vessels and measured by tonnage: net tonnage and gross tonnage.
Meta Department
Meta Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmeta]) is one of the 32 departments that compose the Republic of Colombia. Largely located within the country's Orinoquía natural region and covered by the Llanos, it is close to the geographic center of the country, east of the Andes mountains. Its capital is the city of Villavicencio.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
J. E. H. MacDonald
James Edward Hervey MacDonald RCA (12 May 1873 – 26 November 1932) was an English-born Canadian artist, best known as a member of the Group of Seven who asserted a distinct national identity combined with a common heritage stemming from early modernism in Europe in the early twentieth century. He was the father of the illustrator, graphic artist and designer Thoreau MacDonald.

George Agnew Reid
George Agnew Reid RCA who signed his name as G. A. Reid (July 25, 1860 – August 23, 1947) was a Canadian artist, architect, and educator. He is best known as a genre painter, but he was also a successful muralist, arts organizer, and champion of the applied arts.
44th Infantry Division "Cremona"
The 44th Infantry Division "Cremona" (Italian: 44ª Divisione di fanteria "Cremona") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Cremona was formed on 24 August 1939 by splitting the 20th Infantry Division "Curtatone and Montanara" into the 20th Infantry Division "Friuli" and 44th Infantry Division "Cremona". The division was named for the city of Cremona. The division served as occupation force on Corsica and fought German units after the Armistice of Cassibile was announced on 8 September 1943. The division then served with the Italian Co-belligerent Army and remained active until the 1975 Italian Army reform.

225th Coastal Division (Italy)
The 225th Coastal Division (Italian: 225ª Divisione Costiera) was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. Royal Italian Army coastal divisions were second line divisions formed with reservists and equipped with second rate materiel. They were often commanded by officers called out of retirement.
Dumont, New Jersey
Dumont is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 17,863, an increase of 384 (+2.2%) from the 2010 census count of 17,479, which in turn reflected a decrease of 24 (−0.1%) from the 17,503 counted in the 2000 census.

The borough was originally formed on July 20, 1891, as the Borough of Schraalenburgh from portions of Harrington Township and Palisades Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone. On March 7, 1898, portions of the borough were annexed to Palisades Township. On June 13, 1898, the borough's name was changed to Dumont in honor of Dumont Clarke, the borough's first mayor.

Old Tappan, New Jersey
Old Tappan (English pronunciation: /tæˈpæːn/ ⓘ ) is a borough in northern Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 5,888, an increase of 138 (+2.4%) from the 2010 census count of 5,750, which in turn reflected an increase of 268 (+4.9%) from the 5,482 counted in the 2000 census.

Old Tappan was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on October 18, 1894, from portions of Harrington Township, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone. On April 23, 1896, additional territory was annexed from Harrington Township. The borough's name is derived from the Tappan tribe of Native Americans.
Western Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the 180th meridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. In the United States, the term "Western Hemisphere" is often used as a metonym for the Americas, even though geographically, the hemisphere also includes parts of other continents.

International Date Line
The International Date Line (IDL) is the line extending between the South and North Poles that is the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180.0° line of longitude and deviating to pass around some territories and island groups. Crossing the date line eastbound decreases the date by one day, while crossing the date line westbound increases the date.

The line is a cartographic convention and is not defined by international law. This has made it difficult for cartographers to agree on its precise course and has allowed countries through whose waters it passes to move it at times for their convenience.
Penleigh Boyd
Theodore Penleigh Boyd (15 August 1890 – 27 November 1923) was an Australian artist.

Penleigh Boyd was a member of the Boyd artistic dynasty: his parents Arthur Merric Boyd (1862–1940) and Emma Minnie Boyd (née à Beckett) were well-known artists of the day, and his brothers included the ceramicist Merric Boyd (1888–1959) and the novelist Martin Boyd (1893–1972). His son Robin Boyd (1919–1971) was an architect, educator and social commentator, and his nephews Arthur Boyd, Guy Boyd and David Boyd were artists.

Penleigh Boyd is best known as a landscapist with an accomplished handling of evanescent effects of light. A notable influence was artist E. Phillips Fox, who introduced him to plein air techniques when they were neighbours in Paris in 1912–3. At his death his obituarists compared him to Arthur Streeton and rated him as one of the most promising painters of his generation.

Rupert Bunny
Rupert Charles Wulsten Bunny (29 September 1864 – 25 May 1947) was an Australian painter. Born and raised in Melbourne, Victoria, he achieved success and critical acclaim as an expatriate in fin-de-siècle Paris. He gained an honourable mention at the Paris Salon of 1890 with his painting Tritons and a bronze medal at the Paris Exposition Universelle in 1900 with his Burial of St Catherine of Alexandria. The French state acquired 13 of his works for the Musée du Luxembourg and regional collections. He was a "sumptuous colourist and splendidly erudite painter of ideal themes, and the creator of the most ambitious Salon paintings produced by an Australian."
Eastern deer mouse
The eastern deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) is a rodent native to eastern North America. It is a species of the genus Peromyscus, a closely related group of New World mice often called "deermice". When formerly grouped with the western deermouse (P. sonoriensis), it was once referred to as the North American deermouse, a species which is no longer recognized. It is fairly widespread across most of North America east of the Mississippi River, with the major exception being the lowland southeastern United States.

Like certain other Peromyscus species, it can be a vector and carrier of emerging infectious diseases such as hantaviruses and Lyme disease.

It is closely related to Peromyscus leucopus, the white-footed mouse.

Cactus mouse
The cactus mouse or cactus deermouse (Peromyscus eremicus) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is a species of the genus Peromyscus, a closely related group of New World mice often called "deermice". They are native to desert areas of western North America.
Referendum
A referendum, plebiscite, or ballot measure is a direct vote by the electorate (rather than their representatives) on a proposal, law, or political issue. A referendum may be either binding, resulting in the adoption of a new policy, or consultive (or advisory), functioning like a large opinion poll.

Electoral district
An electoral (congressional, legislative, etc.) district, sometimes called a constituency, riding, or ward, is a geographical portion of a political unit, such as a country, state or province, city, or administrative region, created to provide the voters therein with representation in a legislature or other polity. That legislative body, the state's constitution, or a body established for that purpose determines each district's boundaries and whether each will be represented by a single member or multiple members. Generally, only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. The district representative or representatives may be elected by single-winner first-past-the-post system, a multi-winner proportional representative system, or another voting method.

The district members may be selected by a direct election under wide adult enfranchisement, an indirect election, or direct election using another form of suffrage.
Light rail in Sydney
The Sydney light rail network (or Sydney Light Rail for the inner-city lines) is a light rail system serving the city of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The network has four passenger routes, the L1 Dulwich Hill, L2 Randwick, L3 Kingsford and L4 Westmead & Carlingford lines. It comprises 58 stops and a system length of approximately 36.7 km (22.8 mi), making it the second largest light rail network in Australia behind the tram system in Melbourne, Victoria.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW, with day-to-day operations contracted to Transdev. In the 2023–24 financial year, 40.59 million passenger journeys were made on the network, equating to over 110,000 journeys per day.

Sydney Trains
Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia.

The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system with a central underground core. It covers 369 km (229 mi) of route length over 919 km (571 mi) of track, with 169 stations on nine lines.

The network has frequencies of 5–10 minutes at peak-time at most inner-city and major stations, and 15 minutes off-peak at most minor stations. During the weekday peak, train services are more frequent. Nearly the entire fleet consists of bilevel electric multiple unit trains.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW and is part of its Opal ticketing system. In 2024–25, 270 million passenger journeys were made on the suburban network, making it the most-used rail network in Australia.
Haplogroup E-M215
E-M215 or E1b1b, formerly known as E3b, is a major human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. E-M215 has two basal branches, E-M35 and E-M281. E-M35 is primarily distributed in North Africa and the Horn of Africa, and occurs at moderate frequencies in the Middle East, Europe, and Southern Africa. E-M281 occurs at a low frequency in Ethiopia.

Haplogroup R1a
Haplogroup R1a (R-M420), is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to Central Asia, Siberia and South Asia.

The R1a (R-M420) subclade diverged from R1 (R-M173) 15-25,000 years ago, its subclade M417 (R1a1a1) diversified c. 3,400-5,800 years ago. The place of origin of the subclade plays a role in the debate about the origins of Proto-Indo-Europeans.

The SNP mutation R-M420 was discovered after R-M17 (R1a1a), which resulted in a reorganization of the lineage in particular establishing a new paragroup (designated R-M420*) for the relatively rare lineages which are not in the R-SRY10831.2 (R1a1) branch leading to R-M17.
Paper mill
A paper mill is a factory devoted to making paper from vegetable fibres such as wood pulp, old rags, and other ingredients. Prior to the invention and adoption of the Fourdrinier machine and other types of paper machine that use an endless belt, all paper in a paper mill was made by hand, one sheet at a time, by specialized laborers.

Log driving
Log driving is a means of moving logs (sawn tree trunks) from a forest to sawmills and pulp mills downstream using the current of a river. It was the main transportation method of the early logging industry in Europe and North America.