hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
9th term Sejm and 10th term Senate of Poland
The 9th term Sejm and the 10th term Senate was the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2019 Polish parliamentary election held on 13 October 2019 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.

The Parliament of Poland held its inaugural meeting on 12 November 2019. Its term ended on 12 November 2023.

10th term Sejm and 11th term Senate of Poland
The 10th term Sejm and the 11th term Senate is the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2023 Polish parliamentary election held on 15 October 2023 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.

The Parliament of Poland held its inaugural meeting on 13 November 2023.
Georgia State Route 76
State Route 76 (SR 76) is a 62.2-mile-long (100.1 km) state highway in the southern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It connects the Florida state line, south-southwest of Quitman, with the Nashville area, via Quitman, Morven, and Adel.

Georgia State Route 135
State Route 135 (SR 135) is a 130-mile-long (210 km) state highway in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It connects the Florida state line with Higgston, via Lakeland, Willacoochee, Douglas, and Hazlehurst. It travels concurrently with U.S. Route 221 for extensive distances, a short piece in Lakeland and a longer one from Douglas to Uvalda.
Mohamed El Shorbagy
Mohamed El Shorbagy (Arabic: محمد الشوربجي, born 12 January 1991) is an English professional squash player. He represented Egypt from a young age until June 2022, when he switched to represent England. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 1 in November 2014, March 2018, February 2020, and again in July 2021 and was the 2017 World Squash champion.

Marwan El Shorbagy
Marwan Hossam El Shorbagy (born 30 July 1993) is an Egyptian-English professional squash player. He is a former world team champion and reached his career-high ranking reaching World No. 3 in May 2018, while playing for his native Egypt. He won the World Juniors in 2011 & 2012 and became the third player in history to win the World Junior twice.
Zee TV
ZEE TV, also known as Z TV, is an Indian Hindi language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was launched on 1 October 1992 as the oldest privately owned television channel in India. It now broadcasts worldwide.

Zee Tamil
Zee Tamil also known as Z Tamil is an Indian Tamil language pay television general entertainment channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. The channel started broadcasting in 2008 and is available internationally. The channel broadcasts from Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Zee Entertainment Enterprises also launched a full Tamil movie channel named Zee Thirai in 2020.
Graph theory
In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points) which are connected by edges (also called arcs, links, or lines). A distinction is made between undirected graphs, where edges link two vertices symmetrically, and directed graphs, where edges link two vertices asymmetrically. Graphs are one of the principal objects of study in discrete mathematics.

Vertex connectivity
In graph theory, a connected graph G is said to be k-vertex-connected (or k-connected) if it has more than k vertices and remains connected whenever fewer than k vertices are removed.

The vertex-connectivity, or just connectivity, of a graph is the largest k for which the graph is k-vertex-connected.
Spin (magazine)
Spin (stylized in all caps as SPIN) is an American music magazine founded in 1985 by publisher Bob Guccione Jr. Later owned by Next Management Partners, the magazine has been an online publication since it stopped issuing a print edition in 2012. It returned as a quarterly publication in September 2024.

Creem
Creem (often stylized in all caps) is an American rock music magazine and entertainment company, founded in Detroit, whose initial print run lasted from 1969 to 1989. It was first published in March 1969 by Barry Kramer and founding editor Tony Reay. Influential critic Lester Bangs served as the magazine's editor from 1971 to 1976. It suspended production in 1989 but attained a short-lived renaissance in the early 1990s as a tabloid. In June 2022, Creem was relaunched as a digital archive, website, weekly newsletter, and quarterly print edition.

The magazine is noted for having been an early champion of various heavy metal, punk rock, new wave and alternative bands, especially bands based in Detroit. The magazine popularized the terms "punk rock" and  "heavy metal".
Hillsborough (1783 EIC ship)
Hillsborough was a three-decker merchant ship launched in 1783. She made six voyages to India and China as an East Indiaman for the British East India Company (EIC) between 1784 and 1798. In 1798, she was sold to new owners and repurposed to transport convicts from England to New South Wales. After delivering her convicts in 1799, she operated as a whaler in the South Seas fisheries until her dismantling in 1804.

Pigot (1780 Indiaman)
Pigot was an East Indiaman that made five voyages to India, China, and the East Indies for the British East India Company (EIC) between 1780 and 1794. Oh her fifth voyage, which occurred early in the French Revolutionary Wars, the French captured her during the Sunda Strait campaign of 1794.
Tawi-Tawi
Tawi-Tawi, officially the Province of Tawi-Tawi (Tausug: Wilaya' sin Tawi-Tawi; Sinama: Jawi Jawi/Jauih Jauih; (Malay: Wilayah Tawi-Tawi), (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Tawi-Tawi), is an island province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital of Tawi-Tawi is Bongao.

It is the southernmost province of the country, sharing sea borders with the Malaysian state of Sabah and the Indonesian North Kalimantan province, both on the island of Borneo to the west. To the northeast lies the province of Sulu. Tawi-Tawi also covers some islands in the Sulu Sea to the northwest, Cagayan de Tawi-Tawi Island and the Turtle Islands, just 20 kilometres (12 mi) away from Sabah.

The municipalities comprising the current Tawi-Tawi province were formerly under the jurisdiction of Sulu until 1973.

Maguindanao
Maguindanao (locally [maˈɡindɐnaʊ, -ginˈdanaʊ]; Maguindanaon: Dairat nu Magindanaw; Iranun: Perobinsia a Magindanao; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Maguindanao) was a province of the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). From 2014 to 2023, its provincial capital was Buluan, but the legislative branch of government, the Maguindanao Provincial Board, convened at the old provincial capitol in Sultan Kudarat. It bordered Lanao del Sur to the north, Cotabato to the east, Sultan Kudarat to the south, and Illana Bay to the west.

It is now used collectively to refer to the provinces of Maguindanao del Sur and Maguindanao del Norte, with which it was replaced with since January 9, 2023 after a division of the province was approved in a plebiscite on September 18, 2022 .
Fannett, Texas
Fannett is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,363 at the 2020 census. It is about 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Beaumont and is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area.

Hamshire, Texas
Hamshire (/ˈhæmʃər/ HAM-shər) is an unincorporated community and  census designated place (CDP) in western Jefferson County, Texas, United States. It is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area and located on State Highway 124 twenty miles southwest of Beaumont.
Promoter (genetics)
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter. The RNA transcript may encode a protein (mRNA), or can have a function in and of itself, such as tRNA or rRNA. Promoters are located near the transcription start sites of genes, upstream on the DNA (towards the 5' region of the sense strand).
Promoters can be about 100–1000 base pairs long, the sequence of which is highly dependent on the gene and product of transcription, type or class of RNA polymerase recruited to the site, and species of organism.

Transcription preinitiation complex
The preinitiation complex (abbreviated PIC) is a complex of approximately 100 proteins that is necessary for the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and archaea.  The preinitiation complex positions RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and positions the DNA in the RNA polymerase II active site for transcription.

The minimal PIC includes RNA polymerase II and six general transcription factors: TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH. Additional regulatory complexes (such as the mediator coactivator and chromatin remodeling complexes) may also be components of the PIC.

Preinitiation complexes are also formed during RNA Polymerase I and RNA Polymerase III transcription.
Melbourne, Florida
Melbourne (MEL-burn) is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. It is located 72 miles (116 km) southeast of Orlando along Florida's Space Coast, so named because of the region's proximity to Cape Canaveral and the Kennedy Space Center. The city had an estimated population of 87,561 as of July 1, 2024, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Melbourne is a principal city of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville metropolitan statistical area. Downtown Melbourne and most of the city lie inland of the Indian River Lagoon, with a small part extending over to the barrier island.

Vero Beach, Florida
Vero Beach is a city in and the county seat of Indian River County, Florida, United States. According to the 2020 census, the city had a population of 16,354. Nicknamed "The Hibiscus City", Vero is situated about 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Orlando along the Indian River Lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean on Florida's Treasure Coast. Because it is located about 65 miles (105 km) north of West Palm Beach at the northern end of the South Florida region, the city has adopted two similar mottos "The Gateway to the Tropics" and "Where the Tropics Begin".

Vero Beach was named the 7th Best Small Beach Town in Florida by Southern Living Magazine in 2023. The main roadways in the city are U.S. Route 1, Florida State Road A1A, and Florida State Road 60 (20th Street), which has its eastern terminus at Sexton Plaza in the city.
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu Corporation (東急株式会社, Tōkyū kabushiki-gaisha), a contraction of and formerly Tōkyō Kyūkō Dentetsu kabushiki gaisha (東京急行電鉄株式会社; "Tokyo Express Electric Railway Stock Company") until 2 September 2019, is a Japanese keiretsu or conglomerate headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. While a multinational corporation, its main operation is the Tokyu Railways Company, Ltd. (ja:東急電鉄株式会社, Tōkyū Dentetsu kabushiki gaisha), a wholly owned subsidiary operating railways in the Greater Tokyo Area.

Seibu Railway
Seibu Railway Company, Ltd. (西武鉄道株式会社, Seibu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a conglomerate based in Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan, with principal business areas in railways, tourism, and real estate. Seibu Railway's operations are concentrated in northwest Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture; the name "Seibu" is an abbreviation of "west Musashi", referring to the historic name for this area. It and its holding company hold shares of numerous bus, hotel and tourism operations nationwide.
Enzo Martinelli
Enzo Martinelli (11 November 1911 – 27 August 1999) was an Italian mathematician, working in the theory of functions of several complex variables: he is best known for his work on the theory of integral representations for holomorphic functions of several variables, notably for discovering the Bochner–Martinelli formula in 1938, and for his work in the theory of multi-dimensional residues.

Luigi Amerio
Luigi Amerio (15 August 1912 – 28 September 2004), was an Italian electrical engineer and mathematician. He is known for his work on almost periodic functions, on Laplace transforms in one and several dimensions, and on the theory of elliptic partial differential equations.
Hypha
A hypha (from Ancient Greek  ὑφή (huphḗ) 'web'; pl. hyphae) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.

Partial veil
In mycology, a partial veil (also called an inner veil, to differentiate it from the "outer", or universal veil) is a temporary structure of tissue found on the fruiting bodies of some basidiomycete fungi, typically agarics. Its role is to isolate and protect the developing spore-producing surface, represented by gills or tubes, found on the lower surface of the cap. A partial veil, in contrast to a universal veil, extends from the stem surface to the cap edge. The partial veil later disintegrates, once the fruiting body has matured and the spores are ready for dispersal. It might then give rise to a stem ring, or fragments attached to the stem or cap edge. In some mushrooms, both a partial veil and a universal veil may be present.
Kansai Electric Power Company
The Kansai Electric Power Company, Incorporated (Japanese: 関西電力株式会社, Hepburn: Kansai Denryoku kabushiki gaisha; KEPCO), also known as Kanden (関電), is an electric utility with its operational area of Kansai region, Japan (including the Keihanshin megalopolis).

The Kansai region is Japan's second-largest industrial area, and in normal times, its most nuclear-reliant. Before the Fukushima nuclear disaster, a band of 11 nuclear reactors – north of the major cities Osaka and Kyoto – supplied almost 50 percent of the region's power. As of January 2012, only one of those reactors was still running. In March 2012, the last reactor was taken off the power grid.

Chubu Electric Power
Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. (Japanese: 中部電力株式会社, Chūbu Denryoku Kabushiki Kaisha), abbreviated as Chuden in Japanese, is a Japanese electric utilities provider for the middle Chūbu region of the Honshu island of Japan.  It provides electricity at 60 Hz, though an area of Nagano Prefecture uses 50 Hz. Chubu Electric Power ranks third among Japan's largest electric utilities in terms of power generation capacity, electric energy sold, and annual revenue. It is also one of Nagoya's "four influential companies" along with Meitetsu, Matsuzakaya, and Toho Gas. Recently, the company has also expanded into the business of optical fibers. On January 1, 2006, a new company, Chubu Telecommunications, was formed.
Major Disaster
Major Disaster (Paul Booker) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He started out as an enemy of Green Lantern and the Justice League before reforming and becoming a superhero.

Multi-Man
Multi-Man (Duncan Pramble) is a fictional character that has been both a superhero and a supervillain in DC Comics comic books, primarily as a villain for the Challengers of the Unknown. His first appearance was in Challengers of the Unknown #14 (July 1960), and the character quickly became a recurring enemy. He appeared in at least one issue a year through 1968. In 1965, Multi-Man brought several of the CotU villains together into a League of Challenger-Haters.
Bygland
Bygland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bygland. Other villages in the municipality include Åraksbø, Austad, Byglandsfjord, Grendi, Langeid, Lauvdal, Litveit, Longerak, Moi, Ose, Sandnes, Skåmedal, and Tveit. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the municipality, following the river Otra where most of the population of Bygland lives.

The 1,312-square-kilometre (507 sq mi) municipality is the 76th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bygland is the 323rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,136. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.

Norwegian National Road 9
Norwegian National Road 9 (Norwegian: Riksvei 9, Rv9) is often called the Setesdal Road (Norwegian: Setesdalsveien) and it is the main thoroughfare through the Setesdalen valley. It runs from the city of Kristiansand in  the southern coast of Norway, through the Torridal and Setesdal valleys in Agder county to Haukeligrend in Telemark county in the north where it meets the European route E134 highway. The highway goes through the villages of Mosby, Homstean, Skarpengland, Hægeland, Hornesund, Hornnes, Evje, Byglandsfjord, Bygland, Ose, Rysstad, Valle, Flatland, Rygnestad, Bykle, Hovden, Bjåen, and Haukeli.

The highway is 235.7 kilometres (146.5 mi) long, with 220.1 kilometres (136.8 mi) in Agder county, and 15.6 kilometres (9.7 mi) in Telemark county.  The highway connects to the European route E18 and European route E39 highways in the city of Kristiansand.  At the other end of the highway, it connects to the European route E134 highway in Haukeli.
Medina, Ohio
Medina (/məˈdaɪnə/ ⓘ mə-DYNE-ə) is a city in Medina County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 26,094 at the 2020 census. It lies about 33 miles (53 km) south of Cleveland and 23 miles (37 km) west of Akron within the Cleveland metropolitan area.

Wooster, Ohio
Wooster (/ˈwʊstər/ ⓘ WUUST-ər) is a city in Wayne County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Located in northeastern Ohio, the city lies approximately 50 miles (80 km) south-southwest of Cleveland, 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Akron and 30 miles (48 km) west of Canton. The population was 27,232 at the 2020 census. It is the largest in Wayne County, and the center of the Wooster micropolitan area. Wooster is home to the private College of Wooster and the main branch of the Wayne County Public Library.
CAN bus
A controller area network (CAN) is a vehicle bus standard designed to enable efficient communication primarily between electronic control units (ECUs). Originally developed to reduce the complexity and cost of electrical wiring in automobiles through multiplexing, the CAN bus protocol has since been adopted in various other contexts, such as 3D printing. This broadcast-based, message-oriented protocol ensures data integrity and prioritization through a process called arbitration, allowing the highest priority device to continue transmitting if multiple devices attempt to send data simultaneously, while others back off. Its reliability is enhanced by differential signaling, which mitigates electrical noise. Common versions of the CAN protocol include CAN 2.0, CAN FD, and CAN XL which vary in their data rate capabilities and maximum data payload sizes.

MOST Bus
MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport) is a high-speed multimedia network technology for the automotive industry. It can be used for applications inside or outside the car. The serial MOST bus uses a daisy-chain topology or ring topology and synchronous serial communication to transport audio, video, voice and data signals via plastic optical fiber (POF) (MOST25, MOST150) or electrical conductor (MOST50, MOST150) physical layers.

MOST technology had been used in car brands worldwide, including BMW,, Volkswagen, Audi and General Motors.

MOST is a registered trademark of Standard Microsystems Corporation (SMSC), now owned by Microchip Technology.
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis is a condition of the middle and inner ear where portions of the dense enchondral layer of the bony labyrinth remodel into one or more lesions of irregularly-laid spongy bone. As the lesions reach the stapes the bone is resorbed, then hardened (sclerotized), which limits its movement and results in hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo or a combination of these. The term otosclerosis is something of a misnomer: much of the clinical course is characterized by lucent rather than sclerotic bony changes, so the disease is also known as otospongiosis.

Conductive hearing loss
Conductive hearing loss (CHL) is a type of hearing impairment that occurs when sound waves are unable to efficiently travel through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear structures such as the ossicles. This blockage or dysfunction prevents sound from being effectively conducted to the inner ear, resulting in reduced hearing ability. Common causes include ear infections, fluid in the middle ear, earwax buildup, damage to the eardrum, or abnormalities in the ossicles.

CHL can occur alone or alongside sensorineural hearing loss, in which case it is classified as mixed hearing loss. Depending on the underlying cause, conductive hearing loss is often treatable and sometimes reversible through medical interventions, such as medication, surgery, or assistive devices like hearing aids. However, chronic or permanent cases may require long-term management to improve hearing and communication abilities.
Momo Hirai
Momo Hirai (Japanese: 平井 もも, Hepburn: Hirai Momo; 平井 桃; born November 9, 1996), known mononymously as Momo (Korean: 모모; Japanese: モモ), is a Japanese singer, dancer, and rapper based in South Korea. She is a member of South Korean girl group Twice under JYP Entertainment and its subunit MiSaMo.

Nayeon
Im Na-yeon (Korean: 임나연; born September 22, 1995), known mononymously as Nayeon, is a South Korean singer. She rose to prominence as a member of the South Korean girl group Twice, created by JYP Entertainment through the reality television show Sixteen (2015).

Nayeon released her eponymous debut extended play (EP), Im Nayeon, in June 2022. It peaked at number one on South Korea's Circle Album Chart and number seven on the US Billboard 200, making her the first South Korean soloist in history to enter the latter chart's top 10. The lead single, "Pop!", reached number two on the Circle Digital Chart in South Korea and the top ten in six countries. In 2024, Nayeon earned her second number-one entry on the Circle Album Chart and top-ten entry on the US Billboard 200 with her second extended play Na.
Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).

Hanging
Hanging is killing a person by suspending them from the neck with a noose or ligature. Hanging has been a standard method of capital punishment since the Middle Ages, and has been the primary execution method in numerous countries and regions. As a form of execution, it is commonly practiced at a structure called a gallows. The first known account of execution by hanging is in Homer's Odyssey. Hanging is also a common method of suicide.