hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San Diego Wave FC
San Diego Wave Fútbol Club is an American professional soccer team based in San Diego, California, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium. Founded on June 8, 2021, the Wave began play in the 2022 season as an expansion team. The Wave won the NWSL Shield with the league's best record in the 2023 season, the club's first trophy. The club won the NWSL Challenge Cup in its 2024 edition.

San Diego FC
San Diego Football Club is an American professional soccer club based in San Diego. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Western Conference. The team plays its home matches at Snapdragon Stadium. The club's ownership group is led by British-Egyptian businessman and former politician Mohamed Mansour and the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation, a federally recognized Native American tribe. The group was awarded an expansion team on May 18, 2023. The club began play in the 2025 season as the 30th in MLS.
2024 Hama offensive
The 2024 Hama offensive was a military operation launched by forces of the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG) and Turkish-backed rebel groups of the Syrian Interim Government (SIG) during the 2024 Syrian opposition offensive, a phase of the Syrian civil war. The operation, which was launched by the Military Operations Command, took place in the Hama Governorate.

On 5 December 2024, opposition forces captured Hama.

Palmyra offensive (2024)
On 6 December 2024, the United States–backed Syrian Free Army, with support from Suqour al-Sham, launched an offensive from the Al-Tanf "deconfliction zone" on the ancient city of Palmyra in the eastern area of the Homs Governorate. The United States reportedly gave logistical support to the opposition groups. The offensive came following setbacks by the government of Bashar al-Assad on other fronts, especially after the northwestern offensive by Tahrir al-Sham.

The Syrian Free Army (SFA) took control of Palmyra on 7 December after clashing with regime forces before going in the direction of Damascus.
Paul Rauhihi
Paul Rauhihi (born 3 July 1973) is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer who represented New Zealand. Rauhihi played in both the National Rugby League (NRL) and Super League as a prop.

David Kidwell
David Kidwell (born 23 April 1977) is a New Zealand professional rugby coach and former rugby league player who is the defence coach for the Highlanders in Super Rugby. As a player, he represented New Zealand as a member of the 2005 Tri-Nations and 2008 World Cup winning New Zealand teams. He primarily played as a second-row, though he started his career as a centre.
Daimler Airway
Daimler Airway was an airline subsidiary of the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA)'s Daimler Company. It was created as Daimler Air Hire and became Daimler Airway after combination with the assets of the failed ventures Airco and its subsidiary, Aircraft Transport and Travel, which were acquired by BSA in February 1920.

Grands Express Aériens
The Compagnie des Grands Express Aériens was a pioneering French airline established 20 March 1919 and operating until merged with Compagnie des Messageries Aériennes to form Air Union on 1 January 1923.

Headquartered at 3, Rue d'Anjou, Paris, CGEA operated passenger flights from Le Bourget Paris to London's Croydon Aerodrome and also to Lausanne, eventually adding Geneva service in late October 1921.  They flew Farman F.60 Goliath aircraft, a design converted from an earlier bomber into a luxury cabin aircraft.  They also purchased a ten-passenger Vickers Vimy Commercial, also a converted bomber design.
Freakonomics Radio
Freakonomics Radio is an American podcast and public radio program which covers the world through the lens of economics and social science. While the network, as of 2023, includes three programs, the primary podcast is also named Freakonomics Radio and is a spin-off of the 2005 book Freakonomics. Journalist Stephen Dubner hosts the show, with economist Steven Levitt as a regular guest as of 2015, both of whom co-wrote the book of the same name. The show is primarily distributed as a podcast, and is among the most popular on Apple Podcasts, formerly iTunes.

The New Yorker Radio Hour
The New Yorker Radio Hour is a radio show and podcast produced by The New Yorker and WNYC Studios. It is hosted by David Remnick, who has been editor of The New Yorker since 1998. The first episode of The New Yorker Radio Hour debuted on October 24, 2015. The New Yorker Radio Hour is broadcast on more than 345 terrestrial radio stations, is also available on demand in a variety of ways.

The weekly radio show and podcast features interviews with journalists and cartoonists from The New Yorker as well as interviews with artists, writers, comedians, filmmakers and other cultural figures. Past guests include Aziz Ansari, Sarah Koenig, Julián Castro, Larry David, Ta-Nehisi Coates, Gloria Steinem, and Amy Schumer.
Grünfeld Defence
The Grünfeld Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:

1. d4 Nf6

2. c4 g6

3. Nc3 d5

Black offers White the possibility of 4.cxd5, which may be followed by 4...Nxd5 and 5.e4, giving White an imposing central pawn duo. If White does not take the d5-pawn, Black may eventually play ...dxc4, when a White response of e4 again leads to the same pawn structure. In classical opening theory this imposing pawn centre was held to give White a large advantage, but the hypermodern school, which was coming to the fore in the 1920s, held that a large pawn centre could be a liability rather than an asset. The Grünfeld is therefore a key hypermodern opening, showing in stark terms how a large pawn centre can either be a powerful battering ram or a target for attack.

Sicilian Defence
The Sicilian Defence is a chess opening that begins with the following moves:

1. e4 c5

1...c5 is one of the most popular responses to White's first move 1.e4. Like 1...e5, the move contests control of the d4-square, but breaks symmetry immediately, often leading to dynamic and sharp positions.

The earliest recorded notes on the Sicilian Defence date back to the late 16th century by the Italian chess players Giulio Polerio and Gioachino Greco. It was extremely popular in the second half of the 20th century and was extensively played and analysed by many grandmasters, such as Bobby Fischer, Garry Kasparov, and Mikhail Tal.
Depth of field
The depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image captured with a camera. See also the closely related depth of focus.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
Neve Electronics
Neve Electronics (/ˈniːv/ NEEV) was a manufacturer of music recording and broadcast mixing consoles and hardware. It was founded in 1961 by Rupert Neve, the man credited with creating the modern mixing console.

Studer
Studer is a designer and manufacturer of professional audio equipment for recording studios and broadcasters. The company was founded in Zürich, Switzerland, in 1948 by Willi Studer. It initially became known in the 1950s for its professional tape recorders. In the 1990s, the company moved into the manufacture of mixing consoles.

Management, sales, engineering, R&D and customer service were based in Regensdorf, Switzerland, until owners Harman International Industries closed down the Swiss entity in March 2018, transferring the now decentralized operation to China, Hungary, and the US. Manufacturing, marketing, and customer support were part of the Soundcraft facility in Potters Bar, England until Harman closed the Potters Bar facility in June 2016 and moved manufacturing and customer support to Hungary. Studer was a subsidiary of Harman International Industries. On February 9, 2021, Evertz Microsystems acquired the Studer audio brand from Harman.
WWBT
WWBT (channel 12) is a television station in Richmond, Virginia, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Gray Media alongside Ashland-licensed CW affiliate WUPV (channel 65). The two stations share studios on Midlothian Turnpike (US 60) in Richmond, where WWBT's transmitter is also located.

WRID-LD (RF channel 36) operates as a low-power translator of WWBT's main 12.1 channel. WRID-LD uses virtual channel 12.6 for WWBT's programming.

WWBT is one of only a few stations in the country to have been affiliated with all three of the original major American television networks.

WRIC-TV
WRIC-TV (channel 8) is a television station licensed to Petersburg, Virginia, United States, serving as the ABC affiliate for the Richmond area. Owned by Nexstar Media Group, the station maintains studios in unincorporated Chesterfield County (with a Richmond mailing address), overlooking Powhite Parkway just south of the Midlothian Turnpike interchange. Its transmitter is located in Bon Air, on a tower shared with local PBS member stations WCVE (channel 23) and WCVW (channel 57).
Duffy antigen system
Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor (DARC), also known as Fy glycoprotein (FY) or  CD234 (Cluster of Differentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR1 gene.

The Duffy antigen is located on the surface of red blood cells, and is named after the patient in whom it was discovered. The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated membrane protein and a non-specific receptor for several chemokines. The protein is also the receptor for the human malarial parasites Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium knowlesi and simian malarial parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi. Polymorphisms in this gene are the basis of the Duffy blood group system.

Kell antigen system
The Kell antigen system (also known as the Kell–Cellano system) is a human blood group system, that is, a group of antigens on the human red blood cell surface which are important determinants of blood type and are targets for autoimmune or alloimmune diseases which destroy red blood cells. The Kell antigens are K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jsa and Jsb. The Kell antigens are peptides found within the Kell protein, a 93-kilodalton transmembrane zinc-dependent endopeptidase which is responsible for cleaving endothelin-3.
Yo La Tengo
Yo La Tengo (Spanish for "I've got it"; also abbreviated as YLT) is an American indie rock band formed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1984. Since 1992, the lineup has consisted of Ira Kaplan (guitars, piano, vocals), Georgia Hubley (drums, piano, vocals), and James McNew (bass, vocals). In 2015, original guitarist Dave Schramm rejoined the band and appeared on their fourteenth album, Stuff Like That There.

Despite achieving limited mainstream success, Yo La Tengo has been called "the quintessential critics' band" and maintains a strong cult following. Though they mostly play original material, the band performs a wide repertoire of cover songs both in live performance and on record.

Mogwai
Mogwai (/ˈmɒɡwaɪ/) are a Scottish post-rock band, formed in 1995 in Glasgow. The band consists of Stuart Braithwaite (guitar, vocals), Barry Burns (guitar, piano, synthesizer, vocals), Dominic Aitchison (bass guitar), and Martin Bulloch (drums). Mogwai typically compose lengthy guitar-based instrumental pieces that feature dynamic contrast, melodic bass guitar lines, and heavy use of distortion and effects.

The band were for several years signed to Glasgow label Chemikal Underground, and have been distributed by different labels such as Matador in the US and Play It Again Sam in the UK, but now use their own label Rock Action Records in the UK, and Temporary Residence Ltd. in North America.

Mogwai's tenth album, As the Love Continues, reached No. 1 in the UK Albums Chart on 26 February 2021.
New Avengers
The New Avengers are a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The title has been used for four American comic book series. The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel's premiere superhero team, the Avengers. The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati (formerly introduced in New Avengers vol. 1 #7, July 2005). The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M., reformed as "Avengers Idea Mechanics", whose field team has appropriated the name "New Avengers" for itself.

A version of the New Avengers debuted in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Thunderbolts* (2025), and are set to return in Avengers: Doomsday (2026).

Superhero fiction
Superhero fiction is a subgenre of speculative fiction showcasing the adventures of costumed crime-fighters known as superheroes, who often possess superhuman powers and battle similarly powered criminals known as supervillains. The genre primarily falls between hard fantasy and soft science fiction in the spectrum of scientific realism, often merging into science fantasy. It is most commonly associated with comic books, though it has expanded into other media through adaptations and original works.
Cincinnati Reds (1876–1879)
The Cincinnati Reds, also known as the Cincinnati Red Stockings, were a professional baseball team based in Cincinnati, Ohio that played from 1876–1879. The club predated the National League of which it became a charter member.

Cincinnati Stars
The Cincinnati Stars were a Major League Baseball team that played in the National League for the 1880 season and were managed by John Clapp. The club finished their only season in 8th place with a record of 21–59.

Following the 1880 campaign, the Stars were dropped from the NL after ownership refused to sign a league pledge that banned alcohol in league parks. The pledge also forbade clubs from renting their parks out on Sundays. Ownership begrudgingly did not contest the legality of their expulsion and the Stars were replaced with the Detroit Wolverines. Major League Baseball returned to Cincinnati in 1882 when the modern Reds were introduced.
Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship (Polish: województwo wielkopolskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. The province is named after the region called Greater Poland (Wielkopolska [vjɛlkɔˈpɔlska] ⓘ). The modern province includes most of this historic region, except for some western and northern parts.

Greater Poland Voivodeship is second in area and third in population among Poland's sixteen voivodeships, with an area of 29,826 square kilometres (11,516 sq mi) and a population of close to 3.5 million. Its capital city is Poznań; other important cities include Kalisz, Konin, Piła, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Gniezno (an early capital of Poland) and Leszno. It is bordered by seven other voivodeships: West Pomeranian to the northwest, Pomeranian to the north, Kuyavian-Pomeranian to the north-east, Łódź to the south-east, Opole to the south, Lower Silesian to the southwest and Lubusz to the west.

Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Gmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Turek and 128 km (80 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 131.79 square kilometres (50.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857).
Cable car (railway)
A cable car (usually known as a cable tram outside North America) is a type of cable railway used for mass transit in which rail cars are hauled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. Individual cars stop and start by releasing and gripping this cable as required. Cable cars are distinct from funiculars, where the cars are permanently attached to the cable.

San Francisco Municipal Railway
The San Francisco Municipal Railway (SF Muni or Muni /ˈmjuːni/ MEW-nee) is the primary public transit system within San Francisco, California. It operates a system of bus routes (including trolleybuses), the Muni Metro light rail system, three historic cable car lines, and two historic streetcar lines. Previously an independent agency, the San Francisco Municipal Railway merged with two other agencies in 1999 to become the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA). In 2018, Muni served 46.7 square miles (121 km2) with an operating budget of about $1.2 billion. Muni is the seventh highest-ridership transit system in the United States, with 145,641,700 rides in 2024, and the second highest in California after the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
Croatian Democratic Union
The Croatian Democratic Union (Croatian: Hrvatska demokratska zajednica, lit. 'Croatian Democratic Community', HDZ) is a major conservative, centre-right to right-wing political party in Croatia. Since 2016, it has been the ruling political party in Croatia under the incumbent Prime Minister Andrej Plenković. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in Croatia, along with the centre-left Social Democratic Party (SDP). It is currently the largest party in the Sabor with 55 seats. The HDZ governed Croatia from 1990 before the country gained independence from Yugoslavia until 2000 and, in coalition with junior partners, from 2003 to 2011, and since 2016. HDZ is a member of the Centrist Democrat International, International Democracy Union, and the European People's Party, and sits in the European People's Party Group in the European Parliament. HDZ is the first political party in Croatia to be convicted of corruption.

Socialist Republic of Croatia
The Socialist Republic of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska), commonly abbreviated as SR Croatia and referred to as simply Croatia, was a constituent republic and federated state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. By its constitution, modern-day Croatia is its direct continuation.

Along with five other Yugoslav republics, Croatia was formed during World War II and became a socialist republic after the war. It had four full official names during its 48-year existence (see below). By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the Socialist Republic of Serbia.

In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the League of Communists – and adopted a multi-party democracy. The newly elected government of Franjo Tuđman moved the republic towards independence, formally seceding from Yugoslavia in 1991 and thereby contributing to its dissolution.
John Comyn III of Badenoch
John Comyn III of Badenoch, nicknamed the Red (c. 1274 – 10 February 1306), was a leading Scottish baron and magnate who played an important role in the First War of Scottish Independence. He served as Guardian of Scotland after the forced abdication of his uncle, King John Balliol (r. 1292–1296), in 1296, and for a time commanded the defence of Scotland against English attacks. Comyn was stabbed to death by Robert the Bruce before the altar at the church of the Greyfriars at Dumfries.

His father, John Comyn II, known as the Black Comyn, had been one of the competitors for the Crown of Scotland, claiming his descent from King Donald III. His mother was Eleanor Balliol, sister of King John Balliol. He had, moreover, links with the royal house of England: in the early 1290s, he married Joan de Valence, cousin of King Edward I.

Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale
Robert de Brus (July 1243 – bef. April 1304), 6th Lord of Annandale, jure uxoris Earl of Carrick (1252–1292), Lord of Hartness, Writtle and Hatfield Broad Oak, was a cross-border lord, and participant of the Second Barons' War, Ninth Crusade, Welsh Wars, and First War of Scottish Independence, as well as father to the future king of Scotland Robert the Bruce.

Of Scoto-Norman-Irish heritage, through his father he was a third-great grandson of David I of Scotland. Other ancestors included Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, Edmund Ironside, Fergus of Galloway, Henry I of England and Aoife MacMurrough, daughter of Dermot MacMurrough.
Streaming television
Streaming television is the digital distribution of television media content, such as films and series, over Internet-based streaming media platforms. In contrast to over-the-air, cable, and satellite transmissions, or IPTV service, streaming television is provided as over-the-top media (OTT). Television content includes productions made by or for OTT services, and acquired by them with licensing agreements. The length of a streaming television series episode can be anywhere from thirty to sixty minutes (some episodes may be longer).

By 2023, streaming television represented 38% of global TV viewing with 1.8 billion subscriptions to streaming platforms. In 2024, streaming television became "the dominant form of TV viewing" in the United States. It surpassed cable and network television viewing in 2025.

Of the top streaming platforms, Netflix had over 325 million subscribers as of December 2025, making it the most popular global streaming television platform.

Roku
Roku (/ˈroʊkuː/ ⓘ ROH-koo) is a brand of consumer electronics that includes streaming players, smart TVs (and their operating systems), as well as two streaming services (The Roku Channel and Howdy). The brand is owned by Roku, Inc., an American company.

As of 2024, Roku is the U.S. market leader in streaming video distribution, reaching nearly 145 million people.
Gawad Urian Award
The Gawad Urian Awards are annual film awards in the Philippines presented since 1977 by the Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino (transl. Filipino Film Critics), an organization composed of film critic, writers, and scholars. It is the regarded as the highest award for a film given by critics in the Philippines and is seen as the counterpart of the United States' New York Film Critics Circle.

The name "Gawad Urian" is from Tagalog terms urian (a standard for gold) and gawad (award). It is the only major award-giving body in the Philippines to use the vernacular in awards shows and in the presentation of the awards. The official name for the Best Film category is Pinakamahusay na Pelikula, for example.

PMPC Star Awards for Television
Star Awards for Television is an annual award-giving body recognizing the outstanding television programming produced by the several networks in the Philippines.

Described as the Philippine equivalent of the Emmy Awards, it was founded by the Philippine Movie Press Club, an organization of tabloid reporters in 1987.

The PMPC Star Awards for Television is originally held in October (1987–2004, 2006, 2016, 2018–2019 and 2021), November (2007–2014 and 2017) and/or December (2005 and 2015). But due to the awarding event skips the 4th quarter of a previous year, It is held in January (2023), March (2025) and August (2025). They are seen in rotation among the television channels such as ABS-CBN 2 (1988–1989 and 2009–2019), TV5 (2008), RPN 9 (1987, 1990, 2000–2004 and 2006–2007), IBC 13 (1991–1999 and 2005), STV (2021) and A2Z 11 (2025).