hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gemini (language model)
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro, Gemini Deep Think, Gemini Flash, and Gemini Flash Lite, it was announced on December 6, 2023. It powers the chatbot of the same name.

Claude (language model)
Claude is a series of large language models developed by Anthropic and first released in 2023. It is named after Claude Shannon, who pioneered information theory.

Claude can be used for software development, specifically with Claude Code. The use of Claude by US federal agencies is being phased out after Anthropic refused in February 2026 to remove contractual prohibitions on the use of Claude for mass domestic surveillance and fully autonomous weapons. Claude uses constitutional AI, a training technique that was developed by Anthropic to improve ethical and legal compliance (AI alignment).
Eastampton Township, New Jersey
Eastampton Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 6,191, an increase of 122 (+2.0%) from the 2010 census count of 6,069, which in turn reflected a decline of 133 (−2.1%) from the 6,202 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

Hainesport Township, New Jersey
Hainesport Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 6,035, a decline of 75 (-1.2%) from the 2010 census enumeration of 6,110, in turn reflecting an increase of 1,984 (+48.1%) from the 4,126 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.
Lee "Scratch" Perry
Lee "Scratch" Perry OD (born Rainford Hugh Perry; 20 March 1936 – 29 August 2021) was a Jamaican record producer, songwriter and singer noted for his innovative studio techniques and production style. Perry was a pioneer in the 1970s development of dub music with his early adoption of remixing and studio effects to create new instrumental or vocal versions of existing reggae tracks. He worked with and produced for a wide variety of artists, including Bob Marley and the Wailers, Junior Murvin, the Congos, Max Romeo, the Heptones, Adrian Sherwood, the Beastie Boys, Ari Up, the Clash, the Orb, and many others.

Coxsone Dodd
Clement Seymour "Coxsone" Dodd CD (26 January 1932 – 4 May 2004) was a Jamaican record producer who was influential in the development of ska and reggae in the 1950s, 1960s and beyond.

He was nicknamed "Coxsone" at school due to his talent as a cricketer (his friends compared him to Alec Coxon, a member of the 1940s Yorkshire County Cricket Club team).
Sherwood Foresters
The Sherwood Foresters (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence for just under 90 years, from 1881 to 1970. In 1970, the regiment was amalgamated with the Worcestershire Regiment to form the Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regiment, which in 2007 was amalgamated with the Cheshire Regiment and the Staffordshire Regiment (Prince of Wales's) to form the present Mercian Regiment. The lineage of the Sherwood Foresters is now continued by The Mercian Regiment.

Royal Leicestershire Regiment
The Leicestershire Regiment (Royal Leicestershire Regiment after 1946) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, with a history going back to 1688. The regiment saw service for three centuries, in numerous wars and conflicts such as both World War I and World War II, before being amalgamated, in September 1964, with the 1st East Anglian Regiment (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk), the 2nd East Anglian Regiment (Duchess of Gloucester's Own Royal Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire) and the 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot) to form the present day Royal Anglian Regiment, of which B Company of the 2nd Battalion continues the lineage of the Royal Leicestershire Regiment.
Halifax County, North Carolina
Halifax County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,622. Its county seat is Halifax. Halifax County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.

Bertie County, North Carolina
Bertie County (/ˈbɜːrˈtiː/ BUR-TEE) is a county located in the northeast area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,934. Its county seat is Windsor. The county was created in 1722 as Bertie Precinct and gained county status in 1739.
Manship (1785 EIC ship)
Manship was launched in 1785 as an East Indiaman. She made six voyages as a "regular ship" for the British East India Company (EIC). In June 1795 Manship shared with several other Indiamen and the Royal Navy in the capture of eight Dutch East Indiamen off St Helena. Her owners sold her in 1801 and she then made one voyage for the EIC as an "extra ship" on a voyage charter. Her owners sold her to the British government in 1803 for use as a powder hulk.

Sarah Christiana (1798 ship)
Sarah Christiana was launched in 1798. She made one voyage as an "extra ship" for the British East India Company (EIC). She then made a voyage to Jamaica. On her return, the EIC engaged her for four more voyages as an East Indiaman. In 1810 she was sold and became a West Indiaman. She was broken up in 1828.
Dactylis glomerata
Dactylis glomerata is a species of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae, known as cock's-foot, also colloquially as orchard grass, or cat grass (due to its popularity for use with domestic cats). It is a cool-season perennial C3 tufted grass native throughout most of Europe, temperate Asia, and northern Africa.

Arrhenatherum elatius
Arrhenatherum elatius is a species of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae, commonly known as false oat-grass, and also bulbous oat grass (subsp. bulbosum), tall oat-grass, tall meadow oat, onion couch and tuber oat-grass. It is native throughout Europe (including Iceland), and also western and southwestern Asia (south to Jordan and Iran), and northwestern Africa (Morocco to Tunisia). This tufted grass is sometimes used as an ornamental grass and is sometimes marketed as "cat grass".

Outside of its native range it can be found elsewhere as an introduced species. It is found especially in prairies, at the side of roads and in uncultivated fields. The bulbous subspecies can be a weed of arable land. It is palatable grass for livestock and is used both as forage (pasture) and fodder (hay and silage).
Conchoraptor
Conchoraptor (meaning "conch plunderer") is a genus of oviraptorid dinosaurs that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous epoch, about 70 million years ago. It is known from the Barun Goyot and possibly the Nemegt formation of Mongolia.

Heyuannia
Heyuannia ("from Heyuan") is a genus of oviraptorid dinosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous epoch, in what is now China and Mongolia. It was the first oviraptorid found in China; most others were found in neighbouring Mongolia. Two species are known: H. huangi, named by Lü Junchang in 2002 from the Dalangshan Formation; and H. yanshini, originally named as a separate genus Ingenia from the Barun Goyot Formation by Rinchen Barsbold in 1981, and later renamed to Ajancingenia in 2013 due to the preoccupation of Ingenia. The latter name was eventually discarded due to various ethical issues surrounding the author.
Zemplén County
Zemplén (Hungarian: Zemplén, Slovak: Zemplín, German: Semplin, Semmlin, Latin: Zemplinum) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. The northern part of its territory is now situated in eastern Slovakia (Zemplín region), while a smaller southern portion of the former county belongs to Hungary, as part of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County.

Ung County
Ung County (in Latin: comitatus Unghvariensis; Hungarian: Ung (vár)megye; also in Slovak: Užský komitát/ Užská župa / Užská stolica; Romanian: Comitatul Ung) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now mostly in western Ukraine, a smaller part in eastern Slovakia, and a very small area in Hungary.
Jeff Mathis
Jeffrey Stephen Mathis (born March 31, 1983) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Toronto Blue Jays, Miami Marlins, Arizona Diamondbacks, Texas Rangers, and Atlanta Braves.

Jake Marisnick
Jacob Shawn Marisnick (born March 30, 1991) is an American professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Miami Marlins, Houston Astros, New York Mets, San Diego Padres, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago White Sox, Detroit Tigers, and Los Angeles Dodgers. The Toronto Blue Jays drafted Marisnick in the third round of the 2009 MLB draft.
Whiteside County, Illinois
Whiteside County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 55,691. Its county seat is Morrison. The county is bounded on the west by the Mississippi River. Whiteside County comprises the Sterling, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Dixon-Sterling, IL Combined Statistical Area. U.S. President Ronald Reagan was born in 1911 in the Whiteside County community of Tampico.

Ogle County, Illinois
Ogle County is a county in the northern part of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 51,788. Its county seat is Oregon, and its largest city is Rochelle. Ogle County comprises Rochelle, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rockford-Freeport-Rochelle, IL Combined Statistical Area.
Charles Martin (Oregon politician)
Charles Henry Martin (October 1, 1863 – September 22, 1946) was an American Army officer and later politician in the state of Oregon. A native of Illinois, he had a 40-year career in the military including serving in conflicts from the Spanish–American War to World War I before retiring as a major general. A Democrat, he was the U.S. representative for Oregon's 3rd congressional district from 1931 to 1935 and then was the state's 21st governor from 1935 to 1939. From 1923 to 1924 he was vice president, from 1924 to 1925 president of the Aztec Club of 1847.

Frederic Dahl Evans
Frederic Dahl Evans (June 29, 1866 – May 1, 1953) was a United States Army officer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He served in the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, and World War I.
Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu
Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu (秩父宮雍仁親王, Chichibu-no-miya Yasuhito Shinnō; 25 June 1902 – 4 January 1953) was the second son of Emperor Taishō (Yoshihito) and Empress Teimei (Sadako), a younger brother of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito) and a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. As a member of the Imperial House of Japan, he was the patron of several sporting, medical, and international exchange organizations. Before and after World War II, the English-speaking prince and his wife attempted to foster good relations between Japan and the United Kingdom and enjoyed a good rapport with the British royal family. As with other Japanese imperial princes of his generation, he was an active-duty career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army. Like all members of the imperial family, he was given immunity from criminal prosecution before the International Military Tribunal for the Far East by Douglas MacArthur.

Nobuhito, Prince Takamatsu
Nobuhito, Prince Takamatsu (高松宮宣仁親王, Takamatsu-no-miya Nobuhito Shinnō; 3 January 1905 – 3 February 1987) was the third son of Emperor Taishō (Yoshihito) and Empress Teimei (Sadako) and a younger brother of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito). He became heir to the Takamatsu-no-miya (formerly Arisugawa-no-miya), one of the four shinnōke or branches of the imperial family entitled to inherit the Chrysanthemum Throne in default of a direct heir. From the mid-1920s until the end of World War II, Prince Takamatsu pursued a career in the Japanese Imperial Navy, eventually rising to the rank of captain. Following the war, the prince became patron or honorary president of various organizations in the fields of international cultural exchange, the arts, sports, and medicine. He is mainly remembered for his philanthropic activities as a member of the Imperial House of Japan.
François-René de Chateaubriand
François-René, vicomte de Chateaubriand (4 September 1768 – 4 July 1848) was a French writer, politician, diplomat and historian who influenced French literature of the nineteenth century. Descended from an old aristocratic family from Brittany, Chateaubriand was a royalist by political disposition. In an age when large numbers of intellectuals turned against the Church, he authored the Génie du christianisme in defense of the Catholic faith. His works include the autobiography Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe (Memoirs from Beyond the Grave), published posthumously in 1849–1850.

Historian Peter Gay said that Chateaubriand saw himself as the greatest lover, the greatest writer, and the greatest philosopher of his age. Gay states that Chateaubriand "dominated the literary scene in France in the first half of the nineteenth century".

Alphonse de Lamartine
Alphonse Marie Louis de Prat de Lamartine (French: [alfɔ̃s maʁi lwi də pʁa d(ə) lamaʁtin]; 21 October 1790 – 28 February 1869) was a French author, poet, and statesman. Initially a moderate royalist, he became one of the leading critics of the July Monarchy of Louis-Philippe, aligning more with the Republican Left and Social Catholicism.

Lamartine was a leading figure in the 1848 French Revolution and was instrumental in the foundation of the Second Republic along with the preservation of the tricolor as the flag of France. During the revolutionary year of 1848 he served as Foreign Minister and frequently worked to ease tensions between the government and the working class. He was a candidate in the 1848 French presidential election but lost to Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. After the election, he retired from political life.
Jeļena Ostapenko
Jeļena "Aļona" Ostapenko (born 8 June 1997) is a Latvian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 19 March 2018, and No. 3 in doubles, attained on 14 July 2025. She is the current No. 1 singles player from Latvia, on both categories.

Ostapenko has won nine WTA Tour-level singles and twelve doubles titles, including a singles major at the 2017 French Open and a doubles major at the 2024 US Open, partnering Lyudmyla Kichenok. She has also won 15 singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and the junior singles event at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. She is a member of the Latvia Billie Jean King Cup team.

Ellen Perez
Ellen Perez (born 10 October 1995) is an Australian professional tennis player.
Her career-high rankings in singles and doubles are world No. 162 and No. 7, achieved in August 2019 and in April 2024, respectively.
She has won eight doubles titles on the WTA Tour, three doubles titles on the Challenger Tour, as well as two singles and 19 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Perez made her major main-draw debut at the 2016 Australian Open in doubles with Belinda Woolcock; they lost in the first round to Jessica Moore and Storm Sanders. Perez made her first singles major appearance at the 2016 US Open, after winning the Australian Wildcard Play-off.
KEZS-FM
KEZS-FM (102.9 MHz, "K103") is a country music-formatted radio station broadcasting from Cape Girardeau, Missouri, reaching portions of southern Illinois, Southeast Missouri, northeast Arkansas, the Missouri Bootheel, Western Kentucky, and the northern portion of West Tennessee. The station plays songs by country artists such as Thomas Rhett, Kane Brown, and Florida Georgia Line. It is a 100,000-watt station, broadcasting from the KBSI tower near Cape Girardeau.

KKLR-FM
KKLR-FM (94.5 FM, "Clear 94") is a radio station licensed to serve Poplar Bluff, Missouri.  The station is owned by Max Media. It airs a country music format. KKLR serves Poplar Bluff, southeast Missouri and extreme northeast Arkansas. KKLR's signal can be heard from West Plains, Missouri to Union City, Tennessee and from Farmington, Missouri to Osceola, Arkansas.

The station was assigned the KKLR call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on August 31, 1989.
Manuel Quimper
Manuel Quimper Benítez del Pino (c. 1757 – April 2, 1844) was a Spanish Peruvian explorer, cartographer, naval officer, and colonial official. He participated in charting the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the Sandwich Islands in the late 18th century. He was later appointed a colonial governor in his native Peru at the beginning of the fight for independence there. He retired to Spain, but was able to return to Peru where he served as a naval officer in the new republic and pursued a literary career, publishing over 20 books about his experiences before his death there in Lima.

Francisco de Eliza
Francisco de Eliza y Reventa (1759 – February 19, 1825) was a Spanish naval officer, navigator, and explorer. He is remembered mainly for his work in the Pacific Northwest. He was the commandant of the Spanish post in Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island, and led or dispatched several exploration voyages in the region, including through the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the Strait of Georgia.
Curlin
Curlin (foaled March 25, 2004, in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was the American Horse of the Year in both 2007 and 2008. He retired in 2008 as the highest North American money earner with over US$10.5 million accumulated. His major racing wins included the 2007 Preakness Stakes, 2007 Breeders' Cup Classic, and 2008 Dubai World Cup. In August 2008, Timeform assigned a 134 rating for Curlin, calling him the best horse in the world on dirt. Curlin was elected to the National Museum of Racing's Hall of Fame in 2014, his first year of eligibility.

Since retired to stud, Curlin has emerged as a major sire whose offspring include Palace Malice, Keen Ice, Exaggerator, Good Magic, Stellar Wind, Vino Rosso, Clairiere, Malathaat, Nest, Cody's Wish, Elite Power, Idiomatic, and Journalism.

Palace Malice
Palace Malice (born May 2, 2010) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 2013 Belmont Stakes. After winning one minor race as a two-year-old he made steady improvement in the early part of 2013, being placed in the Risen Star Stakes and Blue Grass Stakes and running prominently in the Kentucky Derby before winning the Belmont Stakes, and the 2014 Metropolitan Handicap. He went on to win the Jim Dandy Stakes and finish second against older horses in the Jockey Club Gold Cup. As a four-year-old in 2014 he won his first four races including the Gulfstream Park Handicap, New Orleans Handicap and Metropolitan Handicap.  After two races in 2015, he was retired as a five-year-old and sent to stand at stud at Three Chimneys Farm.
Godwin, son of Harold Godwinson
Godwin or Godwine (fl. 1066 – 1069) was a son, probably the eldest son, of Harold Godwinson, King of England.  He was driven into exile in Dublin, along with two of his brothers, by the Norman conquest of England, and from there he twice led expeditions to south-western England, but with little success.

Edmund, son of Harold Godwinson
Edmund or Eadmund (fl. 1068 – 1069) was a son of Harold Godwinson, King of England.  He was driven into exile in Dublin by the Norman conquest of England, along with two of his brothers, and from there he twice took part in expeditions to south-western England, but with little success.  He disappears from history in the early 1070s.
Sardinian dhole
The Sardinian dhole (genus Cynotherium especially C. sardous) is an extinct insular canid which was endemic to what is now the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia and Corsica during the Middle-Late Pleistocene. It went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene around the time of human settlement of the islands.

Its scientific name means "dog-beast of Sardinia", the genus name from the Ancient Greek: θήρ, romanized: thḗr, lit. 'beast', 'wild animal' and κύων, kyōn, 'dog' and the specific name from the Latin: Sardous, lit. 'of Sardinia', alt. form of Latin: Sardus.

Around the size of a jackal, morphological studies indicate it was a specialised stalking predator of small mammals and birds, with a probable preference for the endemic Sardinian pika.

Talpa tyrrhenica
Talpa tyrrhenica, also known as the Tyrrhenian mole, is an extinct species of mole belonging to the genus Talpa. It was endemic to the Mediterranean islands of Corsica and Sardinia during the Pleistocene epoch.

It was first described in 1945 by Dorothea Bate, Remains with affinities to the species extend back to around 2 to 2.1 million years ago on the archipelago, during the Early Pleistocene. It is suggested to have evolved from the mainland European species Talpa minor, which is known from the archipelago during the Pliocene. It is estimated to have been around 15% larger than its mainland ancestor. The species survived into the Late Pleistocene, but the timing of its extinction is uncertain due to a lack of radiocarbon dates.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 34th Middlesex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 34th Middlesex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Medford and part of Somerville in Middlesex County. Since 2015, Christine P. Barber of the Democratic Party has represented the district.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Middlesex district.

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Cambridge and part of Watertown in Middlesex County. Since 2021, Steven Owens of the Democratic Party has represented the district.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Middlesex district and 2nd Suffolk and Middlesex district.
Bethpage, New York
Bethpage (formerly known as Central Park) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 16,658 at the time of the 2020 census.

Plainedge, New York
Plainedge (previously known as Turkeyville) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on the South Shore in the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 9,517 at the time of the 2020 census.
Erhai Lake
Erhai or Er Lake (Chinese: 洱海; pinyin: Ěrhǎi), is an alpine fault lake in Dali City, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan province, China.  Erhai was also known as Yeyuze (叶榆泽) or Kunming Lake (昆明池) in ancient times.

Cang Mountain
Cangshan or Cang Mountain (simplified Chinese: 苍山; traditional Chinese: 蒼山; pinyin: Cāngshān), also known as Mount Diancang (simplified Chinese: 点苍山; traditional Chinese: 點蒼山; pinyin: Diǎncāngshān), is a mountain range immediately west of Dali City in Yunnan province of Southwest China.

The highest summit, Malong, is 4,122 m, but the range includes another 18 peaks that are over 3,500 m elevation.