hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jotunheimen
Jotunheimen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈjôːtʉnˌhæɪmn̩]; "the home of the Jötunn") is a mountainous area of roughly 3,500 square kilometres (1,400 sq mi) in southern Norway and is part of the long range known as the Scandinavian Mountains. The 29 highest mountains in Norway are all located in the Jotunheimen mountains, including the 2,469-metre (8,100 ft) tall mountain Galdhøpiggen (the highest point in Norway and Northern Europe). The Jotunheimen mountains straddle the border between Innlandet and Vestland counties (historically part of the old Oppland and Sogn og Fjordane counties).

Semeltinden
Semeltinden is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,237-metre (7,339 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 37 kilometres (23 mi) southeast of the village of Fossbergom and about 38 kilometres (24 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Hinnotefjellet and Reinstinden to the east; Storådalshøe and Høgtunga to the southeast; Skarddalseggje and Store Rauddalseggje to the southwest; Høgvagltindane to the west; Visbreatinden, Semelholstinden, Langvasshøe, and Urdadalstindan to the northwest; and Søre Hellstugutinden, Nestsøre Hellstugutinden, and Store Hellstugutinden to the northeast.
Abbot
Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the head of an independent monastery for men in various Western Christian traditions. The name is derived from abba, the Aramaic form of the Hebrew ab, and means "father". The female equivalent is abbess.

Vicar general
A vicar general (previously, archdeacon) is the principal deputy of the bishop or archbishop of a diocese or an archdiocese for the exercise of administrative authority and possesses the title of local ordinary. As vicar of the bishop, the vicar general exercises the bishop's ordinary executive power over the entire diocese and, thus, is the highest official in a diocese or other particular church after the diocesan bishop or his equivalent in canon law.

The title normally occurs only in Western Christian churches, such as the Latin Church of the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. Among the Eastern churches, the Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Kerala uses this title and remains an exception. The title for the equivalent officer in the Eastern churches is syncellus and protosyncellus.

The term is used by many religious orders of men in a similar manner, designating the authority in the Order after its Superior General.
Nick Knight (photographer)
Nicholas David Gordon Knight CBE (born 24 November 1958) is a British fashion photographer and founder and director of SHOWstudio.com. He is an honorary professor at University of the Arts London and was awarded an honorary Ph.D. by the same university. He has produced books of his work including retrospectives Nicknight (1994) and Nick Knight (2009). In 2016, Knight's 1992 campaign photograph for fashion brand Jil Sander was sold by Phillips auction house at the record-breaking price of HKD 2,360,000.

I-D
i-D is a British biannual magazine dedicated to fashion, music, art, film and youth culture. The magazine was launched in 1980 by Terry Jones, originally as a hand-stapled fanzine. It has since evolved into a glossy publication.

In 2023 the magazine's publication was put on hold following its acquisition by Bedford Media. It returned in Spring 2025 as a biannual publication.
Beit Duqqu
Beit Duqqu (Arabic: بيت دقّو) is a Palestinian village in the Jerusalem Governorate, located  northwest of Jerusalem in the central West Bank.  According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,754 in 2017.

Beit Surik
Beit Surik (Arabic: بيت سوريك) is a Palestinian village in the Jerusalem Governorate, located 12 kilometers Northwest of Jerusalem in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 4,025 in 2017.
Adamson Soaring Falcons, Lady Falcons, Baby Falcons and Lady Baby Falcons
The Adamson Soaring Falcons, Lady Falcons, Baby Falcons and Lady Baby Falcons are the collegiate men's and women's, and high school men's and women's, respectively, varsity teams of Adamson University that play in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines.

The university's varsity teams also participate in other sports leagues such as the Filoil Flying V Preseason Cup, Fr. Martin's Cup, University Games, and Premier Volleyball League.

UP Fighting Maroons
The UP Fighting Maroons are the collegiate varsity teams of the University of the Philippines Diliman. The teams play in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP), the Philippines' premier college sports league.

UP is one of four member-universities that participate in all 15 sporting events of the league.
Tsuga heterophylla
Tsuga heterophylla, the western hemlock or western hemlock-spruce, is a species of hemlock. It typically grows to 70 metres (230 feet) tall and is long-lived at high elevations. Native to the northwest coast of North America, it is a source of timber, tannin, and edible cambium.

Taxus brevifolia
Taxus brevifolia, the Pacific yew or western yew, is a species of tree in the yew family Taxaceae native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. It is a small evergreen conifer, thriving in moisture and otherwise tending to take the form of a shrub.
Michael Grade
Michael Ian Grade, Baron Grade of Yarmouth (born 8 March 1943) is an English television executive and businessman. He has held a number of senior roles in television, including controller of BBC1 (1984–1986), chief executive of Channel 4 (1988–1997), chairman of the board of governors of the BBC (2004–2006), and executive chairman of ITV plc (2007–2009). He sat as a Conservative Party life peer in the House of Lords from 2011 until after his appointment as chair of Ofcom, beginning in May 2022, and became a non-affiliated peer.

Mark Thompson (media executive)
Sir Mark John Thompson (born 31 July 1957) is a British–American media executive who is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Ancestry, the largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, and CEO of CNN. He is the former president and CEO of The New York Times Company. From 2004 to 2012, he was Director-General of the BBC, and before that was the Chief Executive of Channel 4. In 2009 Thompson was ranked as the 65th most powerful person in the world by Forbes magazine. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2017.
Department of Agrarian Reform
The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Repormang Pansakahan) is an executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the redistribution of agrarian land in the Philippines. The secretary of agrarian reform is the head of DAR.

Department of Agriculture (Philippines)
The Department of Agriculture (DA; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Agrikultura) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the promotion of agricultural and fisheries development and growth. It has its headquarters at Elliptical Road corner Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City.

The department is currently led by the secretary of agriculture, nominated by the president of the Philippines and confirmed by the Commission on Appointments. The secretary is a member of the Cabinet. The current secretary is Francisco Tiu Laurel Jr., who assumed office on November 3, 2023.
Marshall Thundering Herd football
The Marshall Thundering Herd football team is an intercollegiate varsity sports program of Marshall University. The team represents the university as a member of the Sun Belt Conference East Division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, playing at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level.

Marshall plays at Joan C. Edwards Stadium, which seats 38,227 and is expandable to 55,000. At the end of the 2024 football season, Marshall had a 192–45 record at Joan C. Edwards Stadium for a winning percentage of .810. The stadium opened in 1991 as Marshall University Stadium with a crowd of 33,116 for a 24–23 win over New Hampshire. On September 10, 2010, Marshall played the in-state rival West Virginia Mountaineers in Huntington in front of a record crowd of 41,382. Joan C. Edwards Stadium is one of two Division I stadiums named for a woman. The playing field is named James F. Edwards Field after Joan Edwards' husband, who was a businessman and philanthropist.

Charles Huff (American football coach)
Charles Huff Jr. (born April 26, 1983) is an American college football coach who is the head football coach at the University of Memphis, a position he has held since 2026. Prior to Memphis, he was the head coach at the University of Southern Mississippi in 2025, the head coach at Marshall University from 2021 to 2024, and the associate head coach and running backs coach at the University of Alabama. Additionally, he had coaching stints at Mississippi State and Penn State and has gained the reputation of being one of the top recruiters in college football.
Third Geneva Convention
The Third Geneva Convention, relative to the treatment of prisoners of war, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. The Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War was first adopted in 1929, but significantly revised on 12 August at the 1949 conference. It defines humanitarian protections for prisoners of war. There are 196 state parties to the convention.

Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions
Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (also Protocol I or AP I) is a 1977 amendment protocol to the  Geneva Conventions of 1949 concerning the protection of civilian victims of international armed conflicts, including "armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination, alien occupation or racist regimes." In practice, Additional Protocol I updated and reaffirmed the international laws of war stipulated in the 1949 Geneva Conventions to accommodate developments of warfare since the Second World War(1939–1945).

As of June 2025, Additional Protocol I has been ratified by 175 states. The United States, Iran and Pakistan signed the protocol on 12 December 1977, but never ratified it. Israel, India and Turkey have not signed the protocol.
Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.

German Samoa
German Samoa, officially the Kingdom of Samoa (German: Königreich Samoa; Samoan: Malo Kaisalika), was a German protectorate from 1900 to 1920, consisting of the islands of Upolu, Savaiʻi, Apolima and Manono, now wholly within the Independent State of Samoa, formerly Western Samoa.  Samoa was the last German colonial acquisition in the Pacific Ocean, received following the Tripartite Convention signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 with ratifications exchanged on 16 February 1900. It was the only German colony in the Pacific, aside from the Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory in China, that was administered separately from German New Guinea.
Freddie Hubbard
Frederick Dewayne Hubbard (April 7, 1938 – December 29, 2008) was an American jazz trumpeter. He played bebop, hard bop, and post-bop styles from the early 1960s onwards. His unmistakable and influential tone contributed to new perspectives for modern jazz and bebop.

Paul Chambers
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers Jr. (April 22, 1935 – January 4, 1969) was an American jazz double bassist. A fixture of rhythm sections during the 1950s and 1960s, he has become one of the most widely-known jazz bassists of the hard bop era. He was also known for his bowed solos. Chambers recorded about a dozen albums as a leader or co-leader, and more than 100 as a sideman, especially as the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "first great quintet" (1955–63) and with pianist Wynton Kelly (1963–68).
Limhi
In the Book of Mormon, Limhi (/ˈlɪmhaɪ/) is the third and final king of the second Nephite habitation of the land of Lehi-Nephi. He succeeds his father, Noah. Led by Ammon (a descendant of Zarahemla), Limhi and his people escape from the Lamanites with his people to the land of Zarahemla.

King Mosiah II
In the Book of Mormon, Mosiah (/moʊˈsaɪ.ə, -ˈzaɪ.ə/), King Benjamin's son and Mosiah I's grandson, is king of the Nephite nation from about 124 BC to 91 BC. The Book of Mosiah is named after Mosiah. Mosiah is also a prophet and is described by Ammon as a "seer" who can translate records.
Nikolai Galakhov
Nikolai Nikolaevich Galakhov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Гала́хов; May 29, 1928 – March 1, 2022) was a Russian artist. He was an Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation). Living and working in Saint Petersburg, he was regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting, and is most famous for his landscape paintings.

Nikolai Brandt
Nikolai Nikolaevich Brandt (Russian: Николай Николаевич Брандт; 26 December 1917 – 28 March 1975) was a Soviet Russian painter and stage decorator. He lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists and is regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting, known for his landscape paintings.
Jamie McGinn
James Robert McGinn IV (born August 5, 1988) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the second round, 36th overall, by the San Jose Sharks of the 2006 NHL entry draft. He skated in over 600 NHL games.

Daniel Winnik
Daniel Spencer Winnik (born March 6, 1985) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger. He played 11 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) and played his final six seasons in Switzerland for Genève-Servette HC.
Disco Inferno (wrestler)
Glenn Gilbertti (born November 12, 1967) is an American professional wrestler, writer and booker, best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling as Disco Inferno (briefly changed to Disqo) from 1995 to 2001.

During his six-year tenure with WCW, Gilbertti became a one-time Cruiserweight Champion, a two-time Television Champion and a one-time Tag Team Champion with Alex Wright.

In addition to his in-ring professional wrestling career, Gilbertti has also been a writer and booker for WCW and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling.

Tony Mamaluke
Charles John Spencer (born July 19, 1977) is a retired American professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling under the ring name Tony Marinara and with Extreme Championship Wrestling and World Wrestling Entertainment under the ring name Tony Mamaluke.
The Rockford Files
The Rockford Files is an American detective drama television series starring James Garner, aired on NBC from September 13, 1974, to January 10, 1980. Garner portrays Los Angeles private investigator Jim Rockford, with Noah Beery Jr. in the supporting role of his father, Joseph "Rocky" Rockford, a retired truck driver. The show was created by Roy Huggins and Stephen J. Cannell.

Huggins had created the American Western TV show Maverick (1957–1962), in which Garner also starred, and he wanted to create a similar show in a modern-day detective setting. In 2002, The Rockford Files was ranked number 39 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time.

The Fall Guy
The Fall Guy is an American action-adventure television series produced for ABC and originally broadcast from November 4, 1981, to May 2, 1986. It stars Lee Majors, Douglas Barr, and Heather Thomas as Hollywood stunt performers who moonlight as bounty hunters.
Albirex Niigata Ladies
Albirex Niigata Ladies is a professional women's football club based in Niigata and affiliated with Albirex Niigata, founded in 2002. The club currently plays in the WE League, the highest division of women's football in Japan.

INAC Kobe Leonessa
INAC Kobe Leonessa (INAC神戸レオネッサ, Ainakku-Kōbe Reonessa) is a professional Japanese women's football club from Kobe, founded in 2001. INAC stands for International Athletic Club, while Leonessa means Lioness in Italian.

In 2006 INAC Leonessa was promoted to the Nadeshiko.League, where it has played since 2020. In 2021 they are playing in WE League. The 2008 season marked a great leap for the team as it was the runner-up both in the Nadeshiko.League and the All Japan Women's Football Championship. 2010 saw INAC lift its first title as they beat Urawa Red Diamonds in the final of the All Japan Women's Football Championship through a penalty shootout, and in 2011, coinciding with the club's 10th anniversary, the team won the double Nadeshiko.League –  All Japan Women's Football Championship.

Leonessa's 2011 squad included seven champions of the 2011 World Cup: Ayumi Kaihori, Yukari Kinga, Nahomi Kawasumi, Shinobu Ohno, Homare Sawa, Megumi Takase and Asuna Tanaka.
Jake Odorizzi
Jacob Todd Odorizzi (born March 27, 1990) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals, Tampa Bay Rays, Minnesota Twins, Houston Astros, and Atlanta Braves. The Milwaukee Brewers selected Odorizzi in the first round, with the 32nd overall choice, of the 2008 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2012 with the Royals.

Mike Montgomery (baseball)
Michael Paul Montgomery (born July 1, 1989) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Chicago Cubs, and Kansas City Royals, and in the KBO League for the Samsung Lions.

He was drafted by the Kansas City Royals in the first round of the 2008 MLB draft and made his Major League Baseball (MLB) debut with the Seattle Mariners in 2015. The Mariners traded him to the Chicago Cubs in 2016. Montgomery recorded the final out in Game 7 of the 2016 World Series, earning the save and sealing the Cubs' first World Series title since 1908.
2019 Trophée des Champions
The 2019 Trophée des Champions (transl. 2019 Champions Trophy) was the 24th edition of the French super cup. The match was contested by the winners of the 2018–19 Ligue 1, Paris Saint-Germain and Coupe de France champions, Rennes. The match was played at the Shenzhen Universiade Sports Centre in Shenzhen, China.

Paris Saint-Germain were the six-time defending champions, having beat Monaco in the 2018 edition, and they won the match 2–1 for their seventh consecutive and ninth overall Trophée des Champions title.

2020 Trophée des Champions
The 2020 Trophée des Champions (transl. 2020 Champions Trophy) was the 25th edition of the French super cup. The match was contested by the 2019–20 Ligue 1 champions and 2019–20 Coupe de France winners Paris Saint-Germain, and the Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille.

The match marked the 99th time Classique rivals Paris Saint-Germain and Marseille played against each other and the second time in the Trophée des Champions, after their first meeting in 2010.

Paris Saint-Germain were the seven-time defending champions. They won the match 2–1 for their tenth Trophée des Champions title.

The match was televised live on the new French joint venture TF1-Mediapro's football channel Téléfoot and other international broadcasters throughout several countries as the part of the four-year LFP broadcasting rights package contracts.
2003 Supercupa României
The 2003 Supercupa României was the 7th edition of Romania's season opener cup competition. The match was played in Bucharest at Stadionul Naţional on 2 August 2003, and was contested between Divizia A title holders, Rapid and Cupa României champions, Dinamo. Rapid won the trophy in extra time after a golden goal by substitute Robert Niţă.

2002 Supercupa României
The 2002 Supercupa României was the 6th edition of Romania's season opener cup competition. The match was played in Bucharest at Stadionul Național on 10 August 2002, and was contested between Divizia A title holders Dinamo București and Cupa României champions Rapid București. Rapid won the trophy after defeating Dinamo 2-1.
Graph theory
In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points) which are connected by edges (also called arcs, links, or lines). A distinction is made between undirected graphs, where edges link two vertices symmetrically, and directed graphs, where edges link two vertices asymmetrically. Graphs are one of the principal objects of study in discrete mathematics.

Network science
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive and semantic networks, and social networks, considering distinct elements or actors represented by nodes (or vertices) and the connections between the elements or actors as links (or edges).  The field draws on theories and methods including graph theory from mathematics, statistical mechanics from physics, data mining and information visualization from computer science, inferential modeling from statistics, and social structure from sociology. The United States National Research Council defines network science as "the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena."
Intermediate slit-faced bat
The intermediate slit-faced bat (Nycteris intermedia) is a species of slit-faced bat living in forest and savanna regions of west and central Africa. It is easily confused with Nycteris arge and Nycteris nana. It is broadly distributed, but is classified as near-threatened because of the threat of predicted habitat loss. It is much more restricted to true rainforest than is N. arge.

Large-eared slit-faced bat
The large-eared  slit-faced bat (Nycteris macrotis), is a species of slit-faced bat which lives in forests and savannas throughout Africa. Nycteris vinsoni was once considered a synonym of N. macrotis, but it became recognized as a separate species in 2004. Some, however, still consider N. vinsoni to be a subspecies of N. macrotis, and consider N. macrotis a species complex.

Three subspecies have been identified: N. m. aethiopica, N. m. luteola, and N. m. macrotis.
Manchester Arena
Manchester Arena (currently known as AO Arena for sponsorship reasons) is an indoor arena in Manchester, England, immediately north of the city centre and partly above Manchester Victoria railway station in air rights space. With a capacity of 21,000 it is the second largest indoor arena in the UK after Co-op Live and fifth largest in Europe.

The arena is one of the world's busiest indoor arenas, hosting music and sporting events such as boxing and swimming. The arena was a key part of Manchester's bids to host the Olympic Games in 1996 and 2000 and was eventually used for the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

On 22 May 2017, the arena's foyer was the scene of a terrorist attack carried out by a suicide bomber, in which 22 people were killed and over 500 others injured following an Ariana Grande concert.

Sheffield Arena
Sheffield Arena, known for sponsorship purposes as Utilita Arena Sheffield, is a multi-purpose arena located in Sheffield, England. It is situated near Meadowhall and lies between Sheffield city centre and Rotherham town centre.

Opened in 1991, it is used for concerts and sporting events, and is also home to the Sheffield Steelers ice hockey club. Attendance for all events at the venue has totalled around 14 million since its opening. It has a maximum capacity of 13,600.