hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rose
A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa (/ˈroʊzə/), in the family Rosaceae (/roʊˈzeɪsiːˌiː/), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing, or trailing, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Their flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through pinks, reds, oranges and yellows. Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and Northwest Africa. Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant. Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies. Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses to climbers that can reach seven meters in height. Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.

Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.
Marlain Angelides
Marlain Angelides (Greek: Μαρλέν Αγγελίδου) is a Cypriot singer. She was a member of the Greek girl group Hi-5, and represented Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 with the "Tha 'Ne Erotas" song. Angelidou, her mother, and her siblings all have dual nationality (Greek Cypriot and British).

Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004
Cyprus was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 with the song "Stronger Every Minute", written by Mike Connaris, and performed by Lisa Andreas. The Cypriot participating broadcaster, the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC), selected its entry through a 10-song national final on 17 February 2004. While originally containing some lyrics in Greek, Andreas performed an English-only version of the song at the contest. Songwriter Connaris had twice written a runner up in Eurovision selection process for the United Kingdom.

To promote the entry, a music video was filmed in the United Kingdom and released prior to the contest. Cyprus was drawn to compete 14th in the contest's semi-final, held on 12 May 2004 and placed fifth, qualifying for the 15 May final. At the final, the nation's entry was performed 21st on the night and placed fifth out of the 24 competing entries with 170 points.
Kosta Boda
56°51′12″N 15°23′34″E﻿ / ﻿56.85333°N 15.39278°E﻿ / 56.85333; 15.39278

Kosta Boda (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈkǔːsta ˈbûːda]), formerly known as Kosta Glasbruk (IPA: [ˈkǔːsta ˈɡlɑ̂ːsbrʉːk]), is a Swedish glassmaking company that is a well known manufacturer of art glass and tableware. It is located in Kosta, Sweden, which was named for the company. The surrounding region has become known as the Kingdom of Crystal, and is now a tourist site which attracts a million visitors annually.

Orrefors Glassworks
Orrefors Glassworks (also known as just Orrefors) is a glassworks in the Swedish village of Orrefors in Småland. Orrefors manufactured crystal glassware and art glass. The range consisted of crystal stemware, barware, vases, and sculptures and lighting products in crystal. The glassworks in Orrefors closed in 2012.

Orrefors is a part of the Swedish glassworks group Orrefors Kosta Boda.
Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship (Polish: województwo wielkopolskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. The province is named after the region called Greater Poland (Wielkopolska [vjɛlkɔˈpɔlska] ⓘ). The modern province includes most of this historic region, except for some western and northern parts.

Greater Poland Voivodeship is second in area and third in population among Poland's sixteen voivodeships, with an area of 29,826 square kilometres (11,516 sq mi) and a population of close to 3.5 million. Its capital city is Poznań; other important cities include Kalisz, Konin, Piła, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Gniezno (an early capital of Poland) and Leszno. It is bordered by seven other voivodeships: West Pomeranian to the northwest, Pomeranian to the north, Kuyavian-Pomeranian to the north-east, Łódź to the south-east, Opole to the south, Lower Silesian to the southwest and Lubusz to the west.

Krajna
Krajna is a forested historical region in the north of Greater Poland in Poland, situated in the border area between the Greater Poland, Kuyavian-Pomeranian and Pomeranian Voivodeships. The region consists of parts of Złotów, Piła, Sępólno, Nakło, Bydgoszcz and Człuchów counties, namely the urban gmina of Złotów, the rural gmina of Złotów and the urban-rural gminas of Krajenka, Wysoka, Wyrzysk, Łobżenica, Kamień Krajeński, Sępólno Krajeńskie, Więcbork, Nakło nad Notecią, Koronowo and Debzno.  The name of Krajna is derived from the Slavic word for borderland (between Greater Poland and Pomerania), cf. Krajina.

The main towns in the region are Złotów and Nakło nad Notecią. Since 1932, Krajna has own regional anthem, composed by Paweł "Krajnomir" Jasiek

Part of the region forms a protected area called Krajna Landscape Park.
Volleyball at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Volleyball competitions (beach and indoor) at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing were held from 9 to 24 August 2008.  Indoor volleyball events were held at Capital Indoor Stadium and Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium.  Beach volleyball competitions were held from 9 to 22 August 2008 at the Beach Volleyball Ground at Chaoyang Park.

The 2008 Summer Olympics volleyball competitions brought the introduction of the new ball with a new moulding design making it more softened compared to the Mikasa MVP200.

Volleyball at the 2012 Summer Olympics
The volleyball tournaments at the 2012 Olympic Games in London were played between 28 July and 12 August.

The indoor volleyball competition took place at Earls Court Exhibition Centre, in west London, and the beach volleyball tournament was held at Horse Guards Parade in central London.
Mariko Shinoda
Mariko Shinoda (篠田 麻里子, Shinoda Mariko; born 11 March 1986 in Itoshima, Fukuoka) is a Japanese singer, actress, fashion model, and former member of the Japanese idol group AKB48, in which she was the captain of Team A.

Yui Yokoyama
Yui Yokoyama (横山 由依, Yokoyama Yui; born December 8, 1992) is a Japanese actress, YouTuber and former singer. She is a former member of the idol group AKB48. She was the second General Manager of the AKB48 Group. She had served as the captain of AKB48 Team A, and was a former member of AKB48 sister group NMB48. From 2011 to 2015, Yokoyama was also a member of the group Not Yet.
George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys
George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys PC (15 May 1645 – 18 April 1689) was a Welsh judge and politician. He became notable during the reign of King James II, rising to the position of Lord Chancellor (and serving as Lord High Steward in certain instances). His conduct as a judge was to enforce royal policy, resulting in a historical reputation for severity and bias, earning Jeffreys the nickname of "the Hanging Judge".

Battle of Sedgemoor
The Battle of Sedgemoor was the final and decisive engagement of the Monmouth Rebellion, between forces loyal to James II and rebel forces led by the Duke of Monmouth. It was fought on 6 July 1685 at Westonzoyland near Bridgwater in Somerset, England.

The battle followed a series of skirmishes around south-west England between these two forces. King James' forces won the battle, and took about 500 prisoners. Monmouth escaped from the battlefield but was captured, taken to London and executed nine days later. Many of Monmouth's supporters were tried during the Bloody Assizes. Many were transported abroad, while others were executed by drawing and quartering.
Minjee Lee
Minjee Lee (born 27 May 1996) is an Australian professional golfer from Perth. She became the number one ranked amateur golfer in February 2014 after winning the Oates Victorian Open, remaining number one until turning professional in September 2014. Lee has won three major championships – the 2021 Amundi Evian Championship, the 2022 U.S. Women's Open, and the 2025 Women's PGA Championship.

Baek Kyu-jung
Baek Kyu-jung (born 15 October 1995), also known as Q Baek, is a South Korean professional golfer.

As an amateur, Baek played on the winning South Korean team in the Espirito Santo Trophy in 2012 alongside Kim Hyo-joo and Kim Min-sun.

Baek turned professional on 16 October 2012 and plays on the LPGA of Korea Tour (KLPGA). She won four events in her rookie year (2014). One of the events was the LPGA KEB-HanaBank Championship, a tournament co-sanctioned by the LPGA Tour. She later accepted membership on the LPGA Tour for 2015.
Albion Rovers F.C.
Albion Rovers Football Club is a semi-professional football team from Coatbridge, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. They play in the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Founded in October 1882, the club joined the Scottish Football League in 1903 and, other than four seasons during the First World War when the second tier was abolished, maintained their league membership until they were relegated in the 2022–23 season. During this time, they won three lower division league titles – in 1933–34, 1988–89 and 2014–15; and been promoted on three other occasions – 1937–38, 1947–48 and 2010–11.

Scottish League Cup
The Scottish League Cup, also known as the Premier Sports Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a football competition open to all Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL) clubs. First held in 1946–47, it is the oldest national League cup in existence. The competition had a straight knockout format but became a group and knockout competition from 2016–17.

Rangers are the record holders of the cup, winning 28 times. St Mirren are the current holders, winning their 2nd title after beating Celtic 3–1 at Hampden Park on 14 December 2025.

The domestic television rights are held by Premier Sports who replaced BT Sport from the 2019–20 season.
Western Visayas
Western Visayas (Hiligaynon: Kabisay-an Nakatundan; Tagalog: Kanlurang Kabisayaan; Filipino: Kanlurang Visayas), designated as Region VI, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises the islands of Panay and Guimaras. It consists of five provinces: Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo on Panay, and the island province of Guimaras. The region also includes one highly urbanized city, Iloilo City, which is the largest city and serves as the regional center.

The Hiligaynon language, native to Iloilo City, is the region's lingua franca. The region is also dominated by native speakers of three Visayan languages: Kinaray-a, Aklanon and Capiznon. The land area of the region is 12,750.63 km2 (4,923.05 sq mi), and with a population of 4,730,771 inhabitants.

Central Luzon
Central Luzon (Tagalog: Gitnang Luzon; Kapampangan: Kalibudtarang Luzon; Sambal: Botlay a Luzon; Pangasinan: Pegley a Luzon; Ilocano: Tengnga a Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises seven provinces: Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga (with its capital, City of San Fernando serving as the regional center), Tarlac, and Zambales; and two highly urbanized cities, Angeles and Olongapo. San Jose del Monte is the most populous city in the region. The region contains the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply, earning itself the nickname "Rice Granary of the Philippines". It is also the region to have the most number of provinces.
Condensation
Condensation is    the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within the atmosphere. When the transition happens from the gaseous phase into the solid phase directly, the change is called deposition. Condensation is usually associated with water.

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.

Fjord Municipality
Fjord is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnmøre. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Stordal. Other villages in the municipality include Valldal, Eidsdal, Norddal, Tafjord, Fjørå/Selboskarbygda, Sylte. The name Fjord is a common word and name part in Norway and was chosen for the new municipality established in 2020 for reasons of search engine optimization, despite not having any historical tradition in the municipality.

The 1,191-square-kilometre (460 sq mi) municipality is the 92nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fjord Municipality is the 255th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,492. The municipality's population density is 2.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.4/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Jonathan M. Wainwright (general)
Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV (23 August 1883 – 2 September 1953) was a United States Army general, the Commander of Allied forces in the Philippines, and prisoner of war during World War II.

Wainwright commanded American and Filipino forces during the Japanese invasion of the Philippines, for which he received a Medal of Honor. He oversaw the largest ever surrender of American armed forces in May 1942, on the island stronghold of Corregidor. At the time of his capture, Wainwright was the highest-ranking American prisoner of war. He spent three years in Japanese prison camps, during which he suffered from malnutrition and mistreatment. Americans viewed him as a hero during his ordeal. In August 1945, he was escorted from Manchuria by the Red Army. Shortly after Japan's surrender, Wainwright was promoted to four-star General.

Masaharu Homma
Masaharu Homma (本間 雅晴, Honma Masaharu; November 27, 1887 – April 3, 1946) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Homma commanded the Japanese 14th Army, which invaded the Philippines and perpetrated the Bataan Death March. After the war, Homma was convicted of war crimes relating to the actions of troops under his direct command and executed by firing squad on April 3, 1946.
High Barnet tube station
High Barnet is a London Underground station, and former railway station, located in Chipping Barnet, North London. It is the northern terminus of its branch of the Northern line and the next station towards south is Totteridge & Whetstone. The station is situated 10.2 miles (16.4 km) north north-west of Charing Cross and is in London fare zone 5.

Archway tube station
Archway is a London Underground station. It is located at the intersection of Holloway Road, Highgate Hill, Junction Road and Archway Road in Archway, North London, directly underneath the Vantage Point building. The station is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line, between Highgate and Tufnell Park stations. It is in both London fare zone 2 and zone 3.
Theme (Byzantine district)
The themes or thémata (Greek: θέματα, thémata, singular: θέμα, théma) were the main military and administrative divisions of the Byzantine Empire. They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic migrations to the Balkans and Muslim conquests of parts of Eastern Roman territory, and replaced the earlier ancient provincial system established by Diocletian and Constantine the Great. In their origin, the first themes were created from the areas of encampment of the field armies of the East Roman army, and their names corresponded to the military units that had existed in those areas. The theme system reached its apogee in the 9th and 10th centuries, as older themes were split up and the conquest of territory resulted in the creation of new ones. The original theme system underwent significant changes in the 11th and 12th centuries, but the term remained in use as a provincial and financial circumscription until the very end of the Empire.

Artabasdos
Artabasdos or Artavasdos (Greek: Ἀρταύασδος or Ἀρτάβασδος, from Armenian: Արտավազդ, Artavazd, Ardavazt, Latinized as Artabasdus) was a Byzantine general of Armenian descent who seized the throne from June 741 until November 743, in usurpation of the reign of  Constantine V.
Purley, London
Purley is an area of the London Borough of Croydon in Greater London, England, 11.7 miles (18.8 km) south of Charing Cross, with a history going back at least 800 years. It was originally granted as an estate from holdings at Sanderstead and until as a district of Surrey and then, with neighbouring Coulsdon, as an urban district that became an electoral ward of the London Borough of Croydon, becoming part of the ceremonial county of London, in 1965. In 2018 the Purley ward was divided into two: Purley and Woodcote, and Purley Oaks and Riddlesdown.

Purley is a suburban area of South London, and the quintessential suburban environment has been referenced in fictional and popular culture, most notably as the setting for the long running Terry and June sitcom.

Purley had a population of 15,184 in 2022.

Streatham
Streatham (/ˈstrɛt.əm/ STRET-əm) is a district in south London in England that lies five miles (eight kilometres) south of Charing Cross. It falls mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth, with some parts extending westward into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth.

Streatham formed part of Surrey before becoming part of the County of London in 1889, and then of Greater London in 1965.

The London Plan identifies the area as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Extended play
An extended play (EP) is a musical recording that contains more tracks than a single but fewer than an album. Contemporary EPs usually contain up to eight tracks and have a playing time of 15 to 30 minutes. An EP is usually less cohesive than an album and more "non-committal".

The term "extended play" originally referred to a specific type of 45-rpm phonograph record other than 78-rpm standard-play (SP) and 33+1⁄3-rpm long-play (LP), but, with the advent of digital media, has evolved to apply to mid-length CDs and music downloads. EPs are considered "less expensive and less time-consuming" for an artist to produce than an album, and have long been popular with punk and indie bands. In K-pop and J-pop, they are usually referred to as mini-albums.

Big Beat Records (American record label)
Big Beat Records Inc. is an American electronic and dance music record label, owned by Warner Music Group and operates through Atlantic Records. It was founded as an independent record label in 1986 by Craig Kallman with an emphasis on house music and later hip hop. It was absorbed into Atlantic Records in 1992 and eventually relaunched separately in 2010 as a primarily electronic music label. Its current roster includes 100 gecs, Dog Blood, Galantis, Whethan, Cash Cash, and Clean Bandit.
Gorda Ridge
The Gorda Ridge (or plural, Ridges) (centered 41° 36' N, 127° 22' W), is a tectonic spreading center, located roughly 200 kilometres (120 mi) off the northern coast of California and southern Oregon. Running northeast to southwest, the region is roughly 300 kilometres (190 mi) in length. The ridge is broken into three segments: the northern ridge, central ridge, and the southern ridge, which includes the Escanaba Trough.

Juan de Fuca Ridge
The Juan de Fuca Ridge is a mid-ocean spreading center and divergent plate boundary located off the coast of the Pacific Northwest region of North America, named after Juan de Fuca. The ridge separates the Pacific Plate to the west and the Juan de Fuca Plate to the east. It runs generally northward, with a length of approximately 500 kilometres (310 mi). The ridge is a section of what remains from the larger Pacific-Farallon Ridge which used to be the primary spreading center of this region, driving the Farallon Plate underneath the North American Plate through the process of plate tectonics. Today, the Juan de Fuca Ridge pushes the Juan de Fuca Plate underneath the North American plate, forming the Cascadia Subduction Zone.
Zhumadian
Zhumadian (simplified Chinese: 驻马店; traditional Chinese: 駐馬店; pinyin: Zhùmǎdiàn; postal: Chumatien) is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, China. It borders Xinyang to the south, Nanyang to the west, Pingdingshan to the northwest, Luohe to the north, Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province of Anhui to the east.

As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 7,008,427 inhabitants whom 1,466,913 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Yicheng District and Suiping County now conurbated.

It was once the center of the Cai state during the Eastern Zhou era. The state leaves its name in several of the subdivisions including Shangcai County and Xincai County.

Li Xilie
Li Xilie (Chinese: 李希烈; died May 9, 786) was a Chinese military general, monarch, and politician of the medieval Tang dynasty who, believing himself to be strong enough to claim imperial title, did so as the emperor of a new state of Chu.  His efforts to expand Chu was repeatedly thwarted by generals loyal to Tang, however, in 786, after he grew ill, he was killed with poison by his general Chen Xianqi.
Black tern
The black tern (Chlidonias niger) is a small tern generally found in or near inland water that breeds in Europe, Western Asia and North America. In winter the birds migrate to coastal areas of Africa and South America.

Little gull
The little gull (Hydrocoloeus minutus) is a species of gull belonging to the family Laridae which is mainly found in the Palearctic with some small colonies in North America. It breeds on freshwater lakes and marshes, and spends winters at sea. It is the smallest species of gull in the world, and the only species in the monospecific genus Hydrocoloeus.