hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exchange-traded fund
An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product; i.e., it is bought and sold on stock exchanges. ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars. Many ETFs provide some level of diversification compared to owning an individual stock.

Margin (finance)
In finance, margin is the collateral that a holder of a financial instrument has to deposit with a counterparty (most often a broker or an exchange) to cover some or all of the credit risk the holder poses for the counterparty. This risk can arise if the holder has done any of the following:

Borrowed cash from the counterparty to buy financial instruments,

Borrowed financial instruments to sell them short,

Entered into a derivative contract.

The collateral for a margin account can be the cash deposited in the account or securities provided, and represents the funds available to the account holder for further share trading. On United States futures exchanges, margins were formerly called performance bonds. Most of the exchanges today use SPAN ("Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk") methodology, which was developed by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in 1988, for calculating margins for options and futures.
Club Athletico Paranaense
Club Athletico Paranaense (abbreviated CAP, commonly known as Athletico Paranaense and up to 2019 known as Atlético Paranaense) is a Brazilian football team from the city of Curitiba, capital city of the Brazilian state of Paraná, founded on 26 March 1924.

The team's most important titles have been winning the 2001 Série A, the Copa Sudamericana in 2018 and 2021, making it the only team from Paraná to win international titles. It won the Copa do Brasil in 2019. In the Copa Libertadores, they have finished runner-up twice, in 2005 and 2022.

They are considered the strongest team in Brazil outside of the Big 12, at times even surpassing them.

Associação Portuguesa de Desportos
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos, commonly referred to as Portuguesa or Lusa, is a Brazilian professional football club based in the district of Pari, São Paulo, that competes in the Campeonato Paulista, the top tier of the São Paulo state football league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. It is part of a sports club, founded on 14 August 1920, by the Portuguese population of the city.
Rizal, Laguna
Rizal, officially the Municipality of Rizal (Tagalog: Bayan ng Rizal),  is a municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 18,864 people.

This town is the birthplace of the milky mixed vegetable dish called "amenudong gulay".

Alaminos, Laguna
Alaminos, officially the Municipality of Alaminos (Tagalog: Bayan ng Alaminos),  is a municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 53,589 people.
Seguin, Texas
Seguin (/sɪˈɡiːn/ sih-GHEEN) is a city in and the county seat of Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. Its population was 29,433 at the 2020 census, and according to 2023 census estimates, the city had a population of 36,013.

Schertz, Texas
Schertz (/ʃɜːrts/ shurts) is a city in Guadalupe, Bexar, and Comal counties in the U.S. state of Texas, within the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan area. The population was 42,002 at the 2020 census, up from 31,465 at the 2010 census. Schertz was named after the Alsatian family who settled in Texas in the 1840's. The Schertz family were some of the first Germanic emigrants to settle in Central Texas. To this day, the area is rich in German heritage and tradition and many residents trace their lineage back to these emigrants.
Software engineering
Software engineering is a branch of both computer science and engineering focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining software applications. It involves applying engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs.

In the tech industry, the title software engineer is often used aspirationally, even though many such roles are fundamentally programming positions and lack the formal regulation associated with traditional engineering.

A software engineer applies a software development process, that involves defining, implementing, testing, managing, and maintaining software systems, as well as developing the software development process itself.

Formal specification
In computer science, formal specifications are mathematically based techniques whose purpose is to help with the implementation of systems and software. They are used to describe a system, to analyze its behavior, and to aid in its design by verifying key properties of interest through rigorous and effective reasoning tools. These specifications are formal in the sense that they have a syntax, their semantics fall within one domain, and they are able to be used to infer useful information.
2012 Turkish Super Cup
2012 Turkish Super Cup (Turkish: TFF Süper Kupa) was the 39th edition of the Turkish Super Cup since its establishment as Presidential Cup in 1966. The match was contested between the 2011–12 Süper Lig champions Galatasaray and the 2011–12 Turkish Cup winners Fenerbahçe, making the game the 372nd edition of Kıtalar Arası Derbi. The game was the first to take place since 2010 Turkish Super Cup, as 2011 Turkish Super Cup was cancelled because of 2011 Turkish sports corruption scandal.

2019 Turkish Super Cup
The 2019 Turkish Super Cup (Turkish: TFF Süper Kupa) was the 46th edition of the Turkish Super Cup since its establishment as Presidential Cup in 1966, the annual Turkish football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). It was played on 7 August 2019 between the champions of the 2018–19 Süper Lig and 2018–19 Turkish Cup, Galatasaray, and the runner-up of the 2018–19 Turkish Cup, Akhisarspor. The venue was the Eryaman Stadium in Ankara.
WBZ-TV
WBZ-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is owned and operated by the CBS television network via its CBS News and Stations division. Under common ownership with independent station WSBK-TV (channel 38), both stations share studio facilities on Soldiers Field Road in the Allston–Brighton section of Boston; WBZ-TV's transmitter is located on Cedar Street in Needham, Massachusetts, on a tower site that was formerly owned by CBS and is now owned by American Tower Corporation (which is shared with transmitters belonging to sister station WSBK as well as WCVB-TV, WBTS-CD and WGBX-TV).

WCAU
WCAU (channel 10) is a television station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, serving the Delaware Valley. It is owned and operated by the NBC television network through its NBC Owned Television Stations division.

Under common ownership with Mount Laurel, New Jersey–licensed Telemundo outlet WWSI (channel 62) and regional sports network NBC Sports Philadelphia, both WCAU and WWSI share studios in the Comcast Technology Center on Arch Street in Center City, with some operations remaining at their former main studio at the corner of City Avenue and Monument Road in Bala Cynwyd. The stations broadcast from the same transmitter in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia.
Manitoba Moose
The Manitoba Moose are a professional ice hockey team based in Winnipeg. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the Winnipeg Jets of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team plays its home games at Canada Life Centre.

The franchise was founded in 1994 as the Minnesota Moose, then playing in the International Hockey League (IHL). The Moose played fifteen seasons—five in the IHL (1996–2001) and ten in the AHL (2001–2011)—during their first tenure in Winnipeg. This was followed by four seasons in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, (2011–2015) during which the team was known as the St. John's IceCaps. The team returned to Winnipeg prior to the 2015–16 season.

Texas Stars
The Texas Stars are a professional ice hockey team based in Cedar Park, Texas. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Dallas Stars. They play their homes games at the H-E-B Center.
Professional wrestling match types
Many types of wrestling matches, sometimes called "gimmick matches" in the jargon of the business, are performed in professional wrestling. Some gimmick matches are more common than others and are often used to advance or conclude a storyline. Throughout professional wrestling's decades-long history, some gimmick matches have spawned many variations of the core concept.

Rohit Raju
Rohit Raju (born March 20, 1980) is an American professional wrestler best known for his time with Impact Wrestling, where he is a former one-time Impact X Division Champion. Before working for Impact Wrestling, he worked over 10 years on the independent circuit in promotions including Xtreme Intense Championship Wrestling (XICW), Glory Pro Wrestling, and AAW Wrestling under the name Hakim Zane. He signed a contract with Impact in 2017, where he was shortly repackaged as Rohit Raju and joined Desi Hit Squad. Rohit left Impact in 2022 and currently makes sporadic appearances for All Elite Wrestling, performing on AEW Dark and Ring of Honor.
San Mateo County, California
San Mateo County, officially the County of San Mateo, is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 764,442. Redwood City is the county seat, the third-most populated city in the county after Daly City and San Mateo.

San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA MSA (metropolitan statistical area), Silicon Valley, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area, the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay. As of 2020, it has a median household income of $128,091, the fourth-highest household income of any county in the nation behind Loudoun County, Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, and Santa Clara County, California.

The county covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. The county is predominantly suburban and is home to many corporate campuses.

Montara Mountain
Montara Mountain, positioned between the unincorporated community of Montara, California, to the southwest and the city of Pacifica, California, to the north, forms the northern spur of the Santa Cruz Mountains, a narrow mountain range running the length of the San Francisco Peninsula that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean.  Its highest point rises to 1,898 feet (579 m) above sea level.  Montara and Pacifica are connected by the Tom Lantos Tunnels, which run through the Mountain.
Emmy Destinn
Emmy Destinn (Czech: Ema Destinnová ([ˈɛma ˈdɛstɪnovaː] ⓘ); 26 February 1878 – 28 January 1930) was a Czech operatic dramatic soprano. She had a career both in Europe and at the New York Metropolitan Opera. She was one of the greatest opera singers of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Pasquale Amato
Pasquale Amato (21 March 1878 – 12 August 1942) was an Italian operatic baritone. Amato enjoyed an international reputation but attained the peak of his fame in New York City, where he sang with the Metropolitan Opera from 1908 until 1921.
Barnburners and Hunkers
The Barnburners and Hunkers were the names of two opposing factions of the New York Democratic Party in the 1840s and early 1850s. The main issue dividing the two factions was that of slavery, with the Barnburners being the anti-slavery faction. While this division occurred within the context of New York politics, it reflected the national divisions in the Democratic Party in the years preceding the American Civil War.

Anti-Rent War
The Anti-Rent War (also known as the Helderberg War) was a tenants' revolt in upstate New York between 1839 and 1845. The Anti-Renters declared their independence from the manor system run by patroons, resisting tax collectors and successfully demanding land reform. The conflict resulted in the passage of laws that made feudal tenures illegal and outlawed leases greater than 12 years.
Teachta Dála
A Teachta Dála (/ˌtjɒxtə ˈdɔːlə/ TYOKH-tə DAW-lə; Irish: [ˌtʲaxt̪ˠə ˈd̪ˠaːlˠa] ⓘ; plural Teachtaí Dála), abbreviated as TD (plural TDanna in Irish, TDs in English), is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland. The official English translation of the term is "Dáil Deputy". An equivalent position would be a Member of Parliament (MP) in the UK or Member of Congress in the US.

3rd Dáil
The Third Dáil was elected at the general election held on 16 June 1922. This election was required to be held under the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed on 6 December 1921. It first met on 9 September and until 6 December 1922, it was the Provisional Parliament or the Constituent Assembly of Southern Ireland. From 6 December 1922, it was the lower house (Dáil Éireann) of the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State, until its dissolution on 9 August 1923.
FC Mariupol
Football Club Mariupol (Ukrainian: Футбольний клуб "Маріуполь" [fʊdˈbɔlʲnɪj ˈklub mɐr⁽ʲ⁾iˈupolʲ] ⓘ) was a Ukrainian professional football club based in Mariupol, that competed in the Ukrainian Premier League. The club dropped from competitions as a result of the Siege of Mariupol, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. As a result of the Russian invasion, all of the team's sporting infrastructure was destroyed, but in May 2022 its formal membership in the Premier League was reconfirmed. In October 2025 the club was officially disqualified from the Ukrainian League.

In 2023 the Brazilian club AA Batel, whose local community is more than 70% Ukrainian or of Ukrainian descent, adopted the name, colours, and badge of the Ukrainian club.

From 2002 to 2017, the club was named Illichivets Mariupol under which it participated in European competitions. It was renamed as part of decommunization in Ukraine.

FC Vorskla Poltava
FC Vorskla Poltava (Ukrainian: ФК «Во́рскла» Полта́ва [ˈwɔrsklɐ polˈtɑwɐ]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Poltava. The team set to compete in Ukrainian First League, the second tier of Ukrainian football after relegation from Ukrainian Premier League in 2024–25.
Port Talbot
Port Talbot (/ˌpɔːrt ˈtɔːlbət/, UK also /pɔːr-, pə-, -ˈtælbət, -ˈtɒlbət/) is a town and community in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales, situated on the east side of Swansea Bay, approximately eight miles (thirteen kilometres) from Swansea. The Port Talbot Steelworks covers a large area of land which dominates the south east of the town. It is the largest steelworks in the United Kingdom, and one of the largest in the world, but has been under threat of closure since the 1980s. The population was 31,550 in 2021, comprising about a fifth of the 141,931 population of Neath Port Talbot.

Tata Steel
Tata Steel Limited is an Indian multinational steel company headquartered in Mumbai and is part of the Tata Group. Formerly known as Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO), the company was established on 26 August 1907 in Jamshedpur.

Tata Steel ranked 8th globally in crude steel production in 2024, having an estimated annual capacity of 35 million tonnes and an output of 31.02 million tonnes. With a domestic crude steel production of 21.6 million tonnes, it is one of the largest steel producers in India.

As of 2024, Tata Steel has employed approximately 78,300 people worldwide and operated in 26 countries, including key operations in India, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete or ferro-concrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (known as rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets. However, post-tensioning is also employed as a technique to reinforce the concrete. In terms of volume used annually, it is one of the most common engineering materials. In corrosion engineering terms, when designed correctly, the alkalinity of the concrete protects the steel rebar from corrosion.

Load-bearing wall
A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building,  which holds the weight of the elements above it, by conducting its weight to a foundation structure below it.

Load-bearing walls are one of the earliest forms of construction.  The development of the flying buttress in Gothic architecture allowed structures to maintain an open interior space, transferring more weight to the buttresses instead of to central bearing walls.  In housing, load-bearing walls are most common in the light construction method known as "platform framing".  In the birth of the skyscraper era, the concurrent rise of steel as a more suitable framing system first designed by William Le Baron Jenney, and the limitations of load-bearing construction in large buildings, led to a decline in the use of load-bearing walls in large-scale commercial structures.
Grant Show
Grant Show (born February 27, 1962) is an American actor. Show is widely known for his role on Melrose Place as Jake Hanson, which he played from 1992 to 1997. From 2017 to 2022, he portrayed Blake Carrington in the soap opera reboot Dynasty.

Dominique Deveraux
Dominique Deveraux is a fictional character on the ABC prime time soap opera Dynasty and its spin-off, The Colbys. Portrayed by Diahann Carroll from 1984 to 1987, the character is the surprise half-sister of millionaire Blake Carrington (John Forsythe). Dominique was written out of the series at the end of its seventh season, and did not return for the 1991 miniseries Dynasty: The Reunion.

In The CW's Dynasty reboot, Dominique is played by Michael Michele and is the mother of Jeff Colby (Sam Adegoke) and Monica Colby (Wakeema Hollis) as well as Blake's half-sister.
Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.

Amanda Coetzer
Amanda Coetzer (born 22 October 1971) is a South African former professional tennis player. She was ranked as high as world No. 3 by the Women's Tennis Association, achieved in November 1997. Coetzer won nine WTA Tour titles in singles and nine in doubles, and reached three major singles semifinals (at the 1996 and 1997 Australian Opens and the 1997 French Open) and one major doubles final (at the 1993 US Open). Coetzer earned a reputation for regularly beating players who were ranked higher than her. By virtue of scoring so many upset wins in spite of her 5'2" (1.58m) stature, she gained the nickname: "The Little Assassin".
WTA International tournaments
The WTA International tournaments was a category for tennis tournaments of the Women's Tennis Association from the 2009 WTA Tour until 2020, which replaced the previous Tier III and Tier IV categories. As of 2021, these events have been reclassified as WTA 250 tournaments. The winner of a WTA 250 tournament adds 250 points to her WTA ranking.

For the 2025 season, there were 21 WTA 250, all knock-out tournaments with a prize money for every event at $275,094.

WTA Shenzhen Open
The Shenzhen Open (also known as the Shenzhen Gemdale Open for sponsorship purposes) was a professional women's tennis tournament. It was played on outdoor hardcourts of the Shenzhen Longgang Tennis Center, which has 32 outdoor and indoor courts and a 4,000-seat stadium. The tournament made its debut on the WTA Tour in 2013 in Shenzhen, and took place during the first week of the year, as a warm-up event two weeks prior to the Australian Open.

Li Na is the singles title leader, tied with Simona Halep, with two titles, and the only player to successfully defend her title in 2014, defeating Peng Shuai in an All-Chinese final.
Method Studios
Method Studios is a visual effects company launched in 1999 in Los Angeles, California with facilities in New York, Atlanta, Vancouver, San Francisco, Melbourne, Montreal, and Pune. The company provides production and post-production services including conceptual design, look development, on-set supervision, 3D animation/CGI, matte painting, AR/VR, compositing and finishing.

Some commercial and feature projects produced by Method Studios have been recognized by award bodies such as the Visual Effects Society (VES) and Association of Independent Commercial Producers (AICP). Some Method staff have been invited to speak at industry conferences such as SIGGRAPH, NAB, Collider and the VES Production Summit.

The Third Floor, Inc.
The Third Floor, Inc. is an American multimedia company based in Los Angeles. It was founded by a group of artists that collaborated on Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith at Lucasfilm, and named the company after the location where they worked. The company has primarily focused on the previsualization aspect of film, television, game, and themed attraction production; however, as of the mid-2010s, it has been developing and applying expertise in virtual production to support visualization, motion capture, camera layout, and on-set shooting.
Canton, Mississippi
Canton is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Mississippi, United States, and is situated in the northern part of the metropolitan area surrounding the state capital, Jackson. The population of Canton was 10,948 at the 2020 census, down from 13,189 in 2010.

The city is adjacent to a large auto manufacturing facility owned by Nissan.

Yazoo City, Mississippi
Yazoo City is a city in and the county seat of Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States. It was named after the Yazoo River, which, in turn was named by the French explorer Robert La Salle in 1682 as "Rivière des Yazous" in reference to the Yazoo tribe living near the river's mouth. Yazoo City is the principal city of the Yazoo City Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Jackson–Yazoo City Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Yazoo City had a population of 10,316.