hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".

Herrera Period
The Herrera Period is a phase in the history of Colombia. It is part of the Andean preceramic and ceramic, time equivalent of the North American pre-Columbian formative and classic stages and age dated by various archaeologists. The Herrera Period predates the age of the Muisca, who inhabited the Altiplano Cundiboyacense before the Spanish conquest of the Muisca and postdates the prehistory of the region in Colombia. The Herrera Period is usually defined as ranging from 800 BCE to 800 CE, although some scholars date it as early as 1500 BCE.

Ample evidence of the Herrera Period has been uncovered on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense. The main archaeologists contributing to the present knowledge about the Herrera Period are the scholars Ana María Groot, Gonzalo Correal Urrego, Thomas van der Hammen, Carl Henrik Langebaek Rueda, Sylvia M. Broadbent, and Marianne Cardale de Schrimpff.
Grantham (UK Parliament constituency)
Grantham was a Parliamentary constituency in Lincolnshire, England.

The constituency was created in 1468 as a parliamentary borough which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until the union with Scotland, and then to the Parliament of Great Britain until the Act of Union 1800 established the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The parliamentary borough had its representation reduced to one MP in 1885, and was finally abolished in 1918, the name transferring to a new county division which elected one MP. The county constituency was abolished for the 1997 election, and the area formerly covered by this constituency is now mostly in Sleaford and North Hykeham. Grantham became part of the new constituency of Grantham and Stamford.

The 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies proposes to re-establish the seat in its revised proposal.

South Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Lincolnshire, formally called the Southern Division of Lincolnshire or Parts of Kesteven and Holland, was a county constituency in Lincolnshire.  It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote electoral system.
San Miguel de Tucumán
San Miguel de Tucumán (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsam miˈɣel de tukuˈman]), usually called simply Tucumán, is the capital and largest city of Tucumán Province, located in northern Argentina 1,311 kilometres (815 mi) from Buenos Aires. It is the fifth-largest city of Argentina after Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Rosario and Mendoza and the most important city of the northern region. The Spanish conquistador Diego de Villarroel founded the city in 1565 in the course of an expedition from present-day Peru. Tucumán moved to its present site in 1685.

Corrientes
Corrientes (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈrjentes] ⓘ; Guaraní: Taragui, literally: "Currents") is the capital city of the province of Corrientes, Argentina, on the eastern shore of the Paraná River, about 1,000 km (621 mi) from Buenos Aires and 300 km (186 mi) from Posadas, on National Route 12. It has a population of 346,334 according to the 2010 Census. It lies opposite its twin city, Resistencia, Chaco.

Corrientes has a mix of colonial and modern architecture, several churches and a number of lapacho, ceibo, jacaranda and orange trees. It is also home to one of Argentina's biggest carnival and chamamé celebrations.

The annual average temperature is 21.3 °C (70.3 °F). The annual rainfall is around 1,500 millimetres (59 in).
11th Hussars
The 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army established in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the First World War and Second World War but then amalgamated with the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales' Own) to form the Royal Hussars in 1969.

Colonel (United Kingdom)
Colonel (Col) is a rank of the British Army and Royal Marines, ranking below brigadier, and above lieutenant colonel. British colonels are not usually field commanders; typically they serve as staff officers between field commands at battalion and brigade level. The insignia is two diamond-shaped pips (properly called "Bath Stars") below a crown. The crown has varied in the past with different monarchs; Elizabeth II's reign used St Edward's Crown. The rank is equivalent to captain in the Royal Navy and group captain in the Royal Air Force.
Novi Iskar
Novi Iskar (Bulgarian: Нови Искър [ˈnɔvi iskɐr]) is a town in Western Bulgaria, located in Sofia City Province, which is a part of the Municipality of Sofia (the capital of Bulgaria). 
It is often regarded as a northern suburb of Bulgarian capital Sofia and lies in the northern part of the Sofia Valley, with the Iskar Gorge beginning just north of the town.

The town of Novi Iskar was formed in May 1974 with the merging of three villages: Aleksandar Voykov, Gnilyane, and Kurilo. The village of Aleksandar Voykov was formed in 1955 when the Kumaritsa and Slavovtsi villages were merged. Initially a villa area, Izgrev is nowadays a district of the town.

Today, Novi Iskar consists of 5 districts: Slavovtsi, Kumaritsa, Kurilo, Izgrev and Gnilyane.

Sofia City Province
Sofia City Province (Bulgarian: Област София-град, romanized: Oblast Sofiya-grad) is a province (oblast) of western Bulgaria. Its administrative center is the city of Sofia, the capital of the country. It borders Sofia Province and Pernik Province. It consists of only one municipality – the Sofia Capital Municipality.
Abdel Halim Hafez
Abdel Halim Ali Shabana (Arabic: عبد الحليم علي شبانة), commonly known as Abdel Halim Hafez (Arabic: عبد الحليم حافظ, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ʕæbd el ħæliːm ħɑːfɪzˤ]) (21 June 1929 – 30 March 1977), was an Egyptian singer, actor, conductor, businessman, music teacher and film producer.

Abdel Halim is considered to be one of the greatest Egyptian musicians of his era, along with Umm Kulthum, Mohamed Abdel Wahab, Farid Al Atrach, Mohamed Fawzi, and Shadia. As his popularity grew, he was given the nickname 'el-Andaleeb el-Asmar (Arabic: العندليب الأسمر), meaning The Brown-Skinned Nightingale. He achieved extraordinary success as a popular musician throughout the Arab world, with estimated sales of over 80 million records.

Asmahan
Amal al-Atrash (Arabic: آمال الأطرش Āmāl al-Aṭrash,  North Levantine Arabic pronunciation: [ʔaːˈmaːl elˈʔɑtˤraʃ]; November 25, 1912 – July 14, 1944), known professionally as Asmahan (أسمهان, Arabic pronunciation: [ʔasmaˈhaːn] Asmahān), was a Syrian singer.

Having immigrated to Egypt at the age of three years old from Syria, her family knew the composer Dawood Hosni, and she sang the compositions of Mohamed El Qasabgi and Zakariyya Ahmad. She also sang the compositions of Mohammed Abdel Wahab and her brother Farid al-Atrash, a then rising star musician in his own right. Her voice was one of the few female voices in the Arab music world to pose serious competition to that of Umm Kulthum, who is considered to be one of the Arab world's most distinguished singers of the 20th century.

Her mysterious death in an automobile accident shocked the public. Journalists spread gossip about her turbulent personal life and an alleged espionage role in World War II.
PZ Myers
Paul Zachary Myers (born March 9, 1957) is an American biologist and activist who founded and writes the Pharyngula science and atheism blog. He is associate professor of biology at the University of Minnesota Morris (UMM) where he works in the field of developmental biology. He is a critic of intelligent design, the creationist movement, and pseudoscience.

In 2006 the journal Nature listed Myers's Pharyngula as the top-ranked blog by a scientist based on popularity. Myers received the American Humanist Association's 2009 Humanist of the Year award and the International Humanist Award in 2011. The asteroid 153298 Paulmyers is named in his honor.

Hemant Mehta
Hemant Mehta (/ˈhɛmənt mɛtə/; born February 25, 1983) is an American author, blogger, YouTuber and atheist activist. He currently runs the Friendly Atheist channel, and used to run the channel, The Atheist Voice. Mehta is a regular speaker at atheist events, and he has been a board member of charitable organizations such as the Secular Student Alliance and the Foundation Beyond Belief.

Mehta used to run the Friendly Atheist blog on Patheos, in which he and his associates published articles several times a day, and he also co-hosts a weekly podcast called the Friendly Atheist Podcast. The blog stopped its activities on Patheos from December 14, 2021. As of 2024, Mehta also publishes a newsletter.

On April 1, 2020, Mehta won his first appearance on the television game show Jeopardy!
Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".

Master of Science
A Master of Science (Latin: Magister Scientiae), abbreviated as MS, MSc, SM, or ScM, is a master's degree. It usually focuses on developing advanced knowledge and analytical skills within a specific scientific, technical, or professional field. It typically emphasizes research, quantitative methods, and critical thinking, combining theoretical foundations with practical application to prepare graduates for specialized careers, doctoral study, or professional advancement.

The Master of Science degree was first introduced and awarded by the University of Michigan in 1858.
Seattle Pilots
The Seattle Pilots were an American professional baseball team based in Seattle. Based at Sick's Stadium, the team played for just one season: 1969, finishing last in the West Division of Major League Baseball's American League with a 64–98 record. On April 1, 1970, the franchise moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and became the Milwaukee Brewers. After the move, Seattle and King County sued the American League, which consequently granted the city a new expansion franchise, the Seattle Mariners.

Expansion team
An expansion team is a new team in a sports league, usually from a city that has not hosted a team in that league before, formed with the intention of satisfying the demand for a local team from a population in a new area. Sporting leagues also hope that the expansion of their competition will grow the popularity of the sport generally. The term is most commonly used in reference to the North American major professional sports leagues but is applied to sports leagues in other countries with a closed franchise system of league membership. The term refers to the expansion of the sport into new areas. The addition of an expansion team sometimes results in the payment of an expansion fee to the league by the new team and an expansion draft to populate the new roster.
Berenice Abbott
Berenice Alice Abbott (July 17, 1898 – December 9, 1991) was an American photographer best known for her portraits of cultural figures of the interwar period, New York City photographs of architecture and urban design of the 1930s, and science interpretation of the 1940s to the 1960s.

Super Sight, also known as the Abbott Process, is a form of macro photography developed in the early 1940s by Berenice Abbott.

Paul Strand
Paul Strand (October 16, 1890 – March 31, 1976) was an American photographer and filmmaker who, along with fellow modernist photographers like Alfred Stieglitz and Edward Weston, helped establish photography as an art form in the 20th century. In 1936, he helped found the Photo League, a cooperative of photographers who banded together around a range of common social and creative causes. His diverse body of work, spanning six decades, covers numerous genres and subjects throughout the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
Backyard Blitz
Backyard Blitz was a Logie Award winning Australian lifestyle and DIY television program that aired on the Nine Network from 2000 to 2007. It was hosted by Jamie Durie and was created by Don Burke and produced by his CTC Productions team.

Nine Network
The Nine Network (stylized 9Network, and commonly known as Channel Nine or simply Nine) is an Australian commercial free-to-air television network. It is owned by parent company Nine Entertainment and is one of the five main free-to-air television networks in Australia.

From 2017 to 2021, the network's slogan was "We Are the One". Since 2021, the network has changed its slogan back to the one used from 1977–2006 "Still the One".

As of 2025, Nine Network is the second-rated television network in Australia, behind Seven Network, and ahead of ABC TV, Network 10 and SBS.
United States Secretary of the Navy
The secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) is a statutory officer (10 U.S.C. § 8013) and the head (chief executive officer) of the Department of the Navy, a military department within the United States Department of Defense. On March 25, 2025, John Phelan was confirmed as Secretary of the Navy.

By law, the secretary of the Navy must be a civilian at least seven years removed from active military service (10 U.S.C. § 8013). The secretary is appointed by the president and requires confirmation by the Senate.

Naval Inspector General
The Office of Naval Inspector General for the United States Department of the Navy was established during World War II to make investigations as directed by the secretary of the Navy and the chief of naval operations. The current mission of the naval inspector general is "to inspect, investigate, or inquire into matters of importance to the Department of the Navy and maintain the highest level of public confidence".
Tutenstein
Tutenstein is an American animated television series, produced by PorchLight Entertainment for Discovery Kids based on the comics by Jay Stephens. The series was first premiered on Discovery Kids' Saturday morning block on NBC on November 1, 2003. It ended on October 11, 2008. The series features young mummy Tutankhensetamun (based on real-life Tutankhamun and usually called "Tutenstein" as in the title) who is awakened about 3,000 years after his accidental death and now must face the fact that his kingdom is gone. The name is a portmanteau of Tutankhamun and Frankenstein.

Beginning in August 2020, Yippee TV, the current owners of the series, made the series officially available for streaming on YouTube.

In October 2022, it was announced that a reboot is currently in the works. It will have a completely new look. There has been no further information since then.

The Secret Saturdays
The Secret Saturdays is an American animated television series created by Canadian cartoonist Jay Stephens and produced by PorchLight Entertainment for Cartoon Network. The series ran from October 3, 2008 to January 30, 2010. It follows the adventures of the Saturdays, a family of cryptozoologists that work to keep the truth about cryptids from getting out, to protect both the human race and the creatures themselves. The Saturdays travel the Earth searching for cryptids to study and battling twisted villains like the megalomaniac V. V. Argost. The series is influenced by 1960s-era Hanna-Barbera action series and Jay Stephens's interest in cryptozoology.
Maria Connor
Maria Connor (also Sutherland) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, played by Samia Longchambon. The character made her first appearance during the episode broadcast on 19 May 2000. During her time on the show, Maria has been the centre of major storylines. In late-2009, Longchambon took maternity leave and Maria was off-screen from November 2009 until June 2010. Longchambon went on maternity leave again in 2015 and Maria was off-screen from October 2015 until April 2016. In June 2019, it was announced that Longchambon had signed a new contract keeping her with the show for at least another 12 months.

Robert James-Collier
Robert James-Collier (born 23 September 1976), sometimes billed as Rob James-Collier, is a British actor widely known for his roles as Liam Connor in Coronation Street, Thomas Barrow in Downton Abbey, and Martin Evershed in Ackley Bridge.
R-77
The Vympel NPO R-77 missile (NATO reporting name: AA-12 Adder) is a Russian active radar homing beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile. It is also known by its export designation RVV-AE. It is the Russian counterpart to the American AIM-120 AMRAAM missile.

The R-77 was marked by a severely protracted development. Work began in the 1980s, but was not completed before the Soviet Union fell. For many years, only the RVV-AE model was produced for export customers. Production was further disrupted when the Russo-Ukrainian War resulted in a Ukrainian arms embargo against Russia, severing supply chains. The Russian Aerospace Forces finally entered the R-77-1 (AA-12B) into service in 2015. It was subsequently deployed by Su-35S fighters in Syria on combat air patrols. The export model of the R-77-1 is called RVV-SD.

Anti-radiation missile
An anti-radiation missile (ARM) is a missile designed to detect and home in on an enemy radio emission source. Typically, these are designed for use against an enemy radar, although jammers and even radios used for communications can also be targeted in this manner.

The earliest known anti-radiation weapon is a variant of the Blohm & Voss BV 246 radar guided bomb.
1975 WFA Cup final
The 1975 WFA Cup Final was the fifth final of the FA Women's Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. It was the fifth final to be held under the direct control of Women's Football Association (WFA). Southampton Women's F.C. and Warminster L.F.C. contested the match at Brewers Hill, the home of Dunstable Town on 4 May 1975. The match ended 4–2 in favour of Southampton Women.

1981 WFA Cup final
The 1981 WFA Cup Final was the 11th final of the FA Women's Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. It was the eleventh final to be held under the direct control of Women's Football Association (WFA). St Helens and Southampton Women's F.C. contested the match at Knowsley Road, the former home stadium of St Helens on 10 May 1981. The game ended 4–2 to Southampton
Florida Complex League Pirates
The Florida Complex League Pirates are a Rookie-level affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates, competing in the Florida Complex League of Minor League Baseball. Prior to 2021, the team was known as the Gulf Coast League Pirates. The team plays its home games in Bradenton, Florida, at the Pirate City complex. The team is composed mainly of players who are in their first year of professional baseball either as draftees or non-drafted free agents from the United States, Canada, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, and other countries.

Dominican Summer League Pirates
The Dominican Summer Pirates are a minor league baseball team in the Dominican Summer League. Also known as the DSL Pirates, they play in Boca Chica, Dominican Republic, are affiliated with the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Pirates operate two DSL teams: the DSL Pirates Black and DSL Pirates Gold.
Pop 100
The Pop 100 was a songs chart that debuted in February 2005 and was released weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States until its discontinuation in 2009.  It ranked songs based on airplay on Mainstream Top 40 radio stations, singles sales and digital downloads.

Rhythmic Airplay
The Rhythmic Airplay chart (previously named Rhythmic Songs, Rhythmic Top 40 and CHR/Rhythmic) is an airplay chart published weekly by Billboard magazine.

The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on US rhythmic radio stations, whose playlist includes mostly hit-driven R&B/hip-hop, rhythmic pop, and some dance tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as rhythmic contemporary hit radio.
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Divisional-General Jean-Charles Pichegru (16 February 1761 – 5 April 1804) was a French Army officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars. Under his command, French troops overran the Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic in the Flanders campaign before fighting on the Rhine front. Pichegru's Royalist views subsequently led to his fall from grace and imprisonment in Cayenne following the Coup of 18 Fructidor in 1797. After escaping into exile in London and joining the staff of Alexander Korsakov, he returned to France and planned the Pichegru Conspiracy to remove Napoleon from power, which led to his arrest and suicide. Despite Pichegru's defection, his surname is one of the names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Army of the Ardennes
The Army of the Ardennes (armée des Ardennes) was a French Revolutionary Army formed on the first of October 1792 by splitting off the right wing of the Army of the North, commanded from July to August that year by La Fayette. From July to September 1792 General Dumouriez also misused the name Army of the Ardennes for the right wing of what was left of the Army of the North after the split, encamped at Sedan and the name of Army of the North for the left flank of the army.

It was reorganized by a decree of the Conseil exécutif on the first of March 1793, leading to only the right flank of the army keeping the name of Army of the Ardennes. The first division of the Army of the Ardennes re-merged back into the Army of the North on 5 October 1793, at which date the rest of the Army of the Ardennes continued as the Army of the Ardennes until 29 June 1794, when it merged with the Army of the North's right wing and the Army of the Moselle's left wing to form the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse.
Tim Burchett
Timothy Floyd Burchett (/ˈbɜːrtʃɪt/ BUR-chit; born August 25, 1964) is an American politician who is the U.S. representative for Tennessee's 2nd congressional district, based in Knoxville, serving since 2019.

A Republican, Burchett was formerly mayor of Knox County, Tennessee. He served in the Tennessee General Assembly, first in the Tennessee House of Representatives, in which he represented Tennessee's 18th district. He later served in the Tennessee State Senate, representing the 7th district, part of Knox County.

Burchett is a part of the new House subcommittee overseeing President Trump's Department of Government Efficiency.

Andy Biggs
Andrew Steven Biggs (born November 7, 1958) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the U.S. representative for Arizona's 5th congressional district since 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Biggs served as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from 2003 to 2011 and a member of the Arizona Senate from 2011 to 2017. He was president of the Arizona Senate from 2013 to 2017. Biggs served as chairman of the Freedom Caucus from 2019 to 2022.

The district, which was once represented by U.S. Senators John McCain and Jeff Flake, is in the heart of the East Valley and includes part of Mesa, most of Chandler, all of Queen Creek and Biggs's hometown of Gilbert.

Biggs has announced that he will retire from the United States House of Representatives in 2026, and will instead run for Governor of Arizona. He and fellow Republican candidate Karrin Taylor Robson were both endorsed by President Donald Trump.