hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Josiah Winslow
Josiah Winslow (c. 1623 in Plymouth Colony – 1680 in Marshfield, Plymouth Colony) was the 13th Governor of Plymouth Colony. In records of the time, historians also name him Josias Winslow, and modern writers have carried that name forward.  He was born one year after the Charter which founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony, bringing over 20,000 English immigrants to New England in the 1630s. Josiah was the Harvard College-educated son of Mayflower passenger and Pilgrim leader and Governor Edward Winslow and was Governor from 1673 to 1680. The  most significant event during his term in office was King Philip's War, which created great havoc for both the English and Indian populations and changed New England forever. Josiah was the first governor born in a "New England" colony.

Great Swamp Fight
The Great Swamp Massacre or the Great Swamp Fight was a crucial battle fought during King Philip's War between the colonial militia of New England and the Narragansett people in December 1675. It was fought near the villages of Kingston and West Kingston in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. The combined force of the New England militia included 150 Pequots, and they inflicted a huge number of Narragansett casualties, including many hundreds of women and children. The battle has been described by historians as "one of the most brutal and lopsided military encounters in all of New England's history."
2016–17 ISU Challenger Series
The 2016–17 ISU Challenger Series was held from September to December 2016. It was the third season that the ISU Challenger Series, a group of senior-level international figure skating competitions, was held.

2016–17 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating
The 2016–17 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating was a series of invitational senior internationals which ran from October through December 2016. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points based on their placement at each event and the top six in each discipline qualified to compete at the Grand Prix Final in Marseille.

Organized by the International Skating Union, the series set the stage for the 2017 Europeans, the 2017 Four Continents, and the 2017 World Championships. The corresponding series for junior-level skaters was the 2016–17 ISU Junior Grand Prix.
Bangued
Bangued, officially the Municipality of Bangued (Ilocano: Ili ti Bangued; Filipino: Bayan ng Bangued), is a  municipality and capital of the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 48,331 people.

Lagangilang
Lagangilang, officially the Municipality of Lagangilang (Ilocano: Ili ti Lagangilang; Filipino: Bayan ng Lagangilang), is a  municipality in the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 14,577 people.
East Azerbaijan province
East Azerbaijan Province (Persian: استان آذربایجان شرقی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tabriz.

The province borders Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Ardabil province, West Azerbaijan province, and Zanjan province. East Azerbaijan is in Region 3 of Iran, with its secretariat located in Tabriz.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
Kajang–Seremban Highway
2°48′35.2″N 101°54′24″E﻿ / ﻿2.809778°N 101.90667°E﻿ / 2.809778; 101.90667

The E21 Kajang–Seremban Highway, commonly known as the KASEH Highway (or LEKAS, from Lebuhraya Kajang–Seremban), is a Malaysian expressway linking Kajang in Selangor to Seremban in Negeri Sembilan.

Speed limits vary along the route. Most sections permit speeds of up to 110 km/h (68 mph), while certain stretches, such as those between Setul and Paroi, are restricted to 80 km/h (50 mph).

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.

Ronde van Drenthe
Ronde van Drenthe (English: Tour of Drenthe) was an elite men's and women's professional road bicycle racing event held annually in the Drenthe, Netherlands and sanctioned by the Royal Dutch Cycling Union. The women's event was part of the UCI Women's World Tour, and the men's event was part of the UCI Europe Tour.

In 2024, organisers announced that the race had been cancelled, owing to increasing costs, regulations and lack of support from the police.
William Strong (Pennsylvania jurist)
William Strong (May 6, 1808 – August 19, 1895) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician who served as an  Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1870 to 1880, writing majority opinions in landmark cases like Strauder v. West Virginia. Strong previously served as a U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania from 1847 to 1851 and as a justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1857 to 1868. He also served on the Commission that adjudicated the disputed presidential election of 1876.

Robert Cooper Grier
Robert Cooper Grier (March 5, 1794 – September 25, 1870) was an American jurist who served on the Supreme Court of the United States.

A Jacksonian Democrat from Pennsylvania who served from 1846 to 1870, Grier weighed in on some of the most important cases of the 19th century. As one of two Northern members of the majority in the Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) decision, Grier concurred that African Americans were not and were never meant to be citizens of the United States and that the property rights of slaveholders were clearly protected in the U.S. Constitution, after being pressured by President-elect James Buchanan to join the Southern majority in an attempt to prevent the appearance that the decision was made along sectional lines.

In 1863, Grier wrote the majority opinion in the Prize Cases, upholding Abraham Lincoln's presidential power to institute Union blockades of Confederate ports, which granted the Union Army a strategic advantage in the American Civil War.
Institute
An institute is an organizational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body.

In some countries, institutes can be part of a university or other institutions of higher education, either as a group of departments or an autonomous educational institution without a traditional university status such as a "university institute", or institute of technology. In some countries, such as South Korea and India, private schools are sometimes referred to as institutes; also, in Spain, secondary schools are referred to as institutes.

Historically, in some countries, institutes were educational units imparting vocational training and often incorporating libraries, also known as mechanics' institutes.

The word "institute" comes from the Latin word institutum ("facility" or "habit"), in turn derived from instituere ("build", "create", "raise" or "educate").

University
A university (from Latin  universitas 'a whole') is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. University is derived from the Latin phrase universitas magistrorum et scholarium, which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

The first universities in Europe developed from schools that had been maintained by the Church for the purpose of educating priests. The University of Bologna (Università di Bologna), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of:

being a high degree-awarding institute.

using the word universitas (which was coined at its foundation).

having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law and notarial law.
Electoral district of Geraldton
Geraldton is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia.

Geraldton was one of the original 30 seats contested at the 1890 colonial election. The district is based on the eponymous regional city.

Labor held throughout most of the twentieth century, Geraldton has since become a seat that has changed hands regularly in the last two decades.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
Clarín (Argentine newspaper)
Clarín (Spanish pronunciation: [klaˈɾin], lit. 'Bugle') is the largest newspaper in Argentina and the second most circulated in the Spanish-speaking world. It was founded by Roberto Noble in 1945, published by the Clarín Group.

For many years, its director was Ernestina Herrera de Noble, the founder's wife.

Clarín is part of Periódicos Asociados Latinoamericanos (Latin American Newspaper Association), an organization of fourteen leading newspapers in South America.

La Prensa (Buenos Aires)
La Prensa is an Argentine daily newspaper. Based in Buenos Aires, it was founded by José C. Paz and ranked among the most widely circulated dailies in subsequent decades, earning a reputation for conservatism and support for British interests.
List of military aircraft mechanical systems in production and in development by the European defence industry
This list of military aircraft mechanical systems in production and in development by the European defence industry aims at summarising the current status of the aerospace defence industry in Europe. This list focuses on the Western European military block industry, and excludes Russia, Belarus and Serbia.

Some of the systems included have foreign participation, some others are 100% European. The main participants in the systems are mentioned.

List of armoured vehicles in production and in development by the European defence industry
This list of armoured vehicles in production and in development by the European defence industry aims at summarising the current status of the land defence industry in Europe. This list focuses on the Western European military block industry, and excludes Russia, Belarus and Serbia. The systems mentioned are at least partially European.

This page excludes European indirect fire systems in production / development and European tanks in production and in development which can be found on another page.
Kati Wilhelm
Kati Wilhelm (German pronunciation: [ˈkaːti ˈvɪlhɛlm] ⓘ; born 2 August 1976) is a German former professional biathlete. Like most German biathletes she is also a member of the German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) with the rank of master sergeant (Hauptfeldwebel). Wilhelm resides in Steinbach-Hallenberg, in the Federal State of Thuringia.

Svetlana Sleptsova
Svetlana Yuryevna Sleptsova (Russian: Светлана Юрьевна Слепцова; born 31 July 1986 in Khanty Mansiysk) is a retired Russian biathlete. She is a member of the club CSKA (Central Sports Club of the Army). She is a three-time Junior World Champion and won the bronze medal in the mixed relay at the 2008 World Championships in Östersund. In 2009, she was part of the gold medal winning Russian women's relay team at the World Championships in Pyeongchang. Sleptsova is an Olympic champion in relay at Vancouver.

In February 2020, Sleptsova was found guilty of an anti-doping violation and had her results from 2013-14 disqualified. She was further identified as being a protected athlete as part of the Russian state doping program by whistleblower Grigory Rodchenkov, in which he alleges that her positive drug test from an in-competition test result was attributed to another athlete through state intervention.
Secretary-General of the European Commission
The secretary-general of the European Commission is the senior civil servant of the European Commission. The secretary-general, who is responsible to the president of the European Commission, is in charge of the various Directorates-General, headed by directors-general.

Their staff form the Secretariat-General of the European Commission.

European Civil Service
The European Civil Service is a generic term applied to all staff serving the institutions and agencies of the European Union (EU). Although recruitment is sometimes done jointly, each institution is responsible for its own internal structures and hierarchies.
The Paris Review
The Paris Review is a quarterly English-language literary magazine established in Paris in 1953 by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton.

The Review's "Writers at Work" series includes interviews with Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, T. S. Eliot, Jorge Luis Borges, Ralph Ellison, William Faulkner, Thornton Wilder, Robert Frost, Pablo Neruda, William Carlos Williams, and Vladimir Nabokov, among hundreds of others. Literary critic Joe David Bellamy wrote that the series was "one of the single most persistent acts of cultural conservation in the history of the world."

The headquarters of The Paris Review moved from Paris to New York City in 1973. Plimpton edited the Review from its founding until his death in 2003.

Guernica (magazine)
Guernica / A Magazine of Art and Politics is an American digital magazine known for publishing fiction, poetry, essays, reportage, art, and interviews that focus primarily on global perspectives and the intersection between art and politics. The magazine is particularly committed to world literature, platforming marginalized voices and translating work from all continents into English, and it has been a place of first publication for many notable writers.
Niche (architecture)
In architecture, a niche (CanE, UK: /ˈniːʃ/ or US: /ˈnɪtʃ/) is a recess or cavity constructed in the thickness of a wall for the reception of decorative objects such as statues, busts, urns, and vases. In Classical architecture examples are an exedra or an apse that has been reduced in size, retaining the half-dome heading usual for an apse. In the first century B.C, there was no exact mention of niches, but rather a zotheca or small room. These rooms closely resemble alcoves similar to a niche but slightly larger. Different sizes and sculpture methods suggest the term niche was understood. Greeks and Romans especially, used niches for important family tombs.

Quatrefoil
A quatrefoil (anciently caterfoil) is a decorative element consisting of a symmetrical shape which forms the overall outline of four partially overlapping circles of the same diameter. It is found in art, architecture, heraldry and traditional Christian symbolism. The word 'quatrefoil' means "four leaves", from the Latin quattuor, "four", plus folium, "leaf"; the term refers specifically to a four-leafed clover, but applies in general to four-lobed shapes in various contexts. In recent years, several luxury brands have attempted to fraudulently assert creative rights related to the symbol, which naturally predates any of those brands' creative development. A similar shape with three rings is called a trefoil, while a shape with five is a cinquefoil.
Yabucoa, Puerto Rico
Yabucoa (Spanish pronunciation: [ʝaβuˈkoa]) is a town and municipality in Puerto Rico located in the eastern region, north of Maunabo; south of San Lorenzo, Las Piedras and Humacao; and east of Patillas. Yabucoa is spread over 9 barrios and Yabucoa Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Juncos, Puerto Rico
Juncos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxuŋkos]) is a town and one of the 78 municipalities of Puerto Rico. It is located in the eastern central region of the island to the west of the Caguas Valley, south of Canóvanas and Carolina; southeast of Gurabo; east of San Lorenzo; and west of Las Piedras. Juncos is spread over 9 barrios and Juncos barrio-pueblo (the downtown area and administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Juncos was founded on the request of Tomás Pizarro on August 2, 1797, having previously been a village which evolved from a small ranch, the Hatillo de los Juncos. This ranch was part of the Hato del Valenciano, which gave its name to the Río Valenciano which bisects the city before joining the Río Gurabo to the north of the settlement.

Juncos is Spanish for reeds.
1953 Ryder Cup
The 10th Ryder Cup Matches were held 2–3 October 1953 at Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, England, west of London. The United States team won its sixth consecutive competition by a score of 61⁄2 to 51⁄2 points.

1955 Ryder Cup
The 11th Ryder Cup Matches were held November 5–6, 1955, at Thunderbird Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California. The United States team won its seventh consecutive competition by a score of 8 to 4 points.
Gmina
The gmina (Polish: [ˈɡmina], pl. gminy [ˈɡminɨ]) is the basic unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. As of 1 January 2019, there were 2,479 gminy throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminy include cities and towns, with 322 among them constituting an independent urban gmina (Polish: gmina miejska) consisting solely of a standalone town or one of the 107 cities, the latter governed by a city mayor (prezydent miasta).

The gmina has been the basic unit of territorial division in Poland since 1974, when it replaced the smaller gromada. Three or more gminy make up a higher level unit called a powiat, except for those holding the status of a city with powiat rights. Each and every powiat has the seat in a city or town, in the latter case either an urban gmina or a part of an urban-rural one.

Biała County, Lublin Voivodeship
Biała County (Polish: powiat bialski) is a county in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Biała Podlaska, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Biała Podlaska County are Międzyrzec Podlaski, which lies 24 km (15 mi) west of Biała Podlaska, and the border town of Terespol, 32 km (20 mi) east of Biała Podlaska.

The county covers an area of 2,753.67 square kilometres (1,063.2 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 111,078, including 16,736 in Międzyrzec Podlaski, 5,537 in Terespol, and a rural population of 88,805.
EFL League Two
The English Football League Two, simply known as League Two and for sponsorship purposes as Sky Bet League Two, is the third and lowest division of the English Football League (EFL) and the fourth-highest tier in the English football league system, after the Premier League, EFL Championship and the EFL League One. It is contested by 24 professional clubs.

Introduced for the 2004–05 English football season as Football League Two, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Third Division.

As of the 2025–26 season, Newport County hold the longest tenure in this division following their promotion in the 2012–13 season. There are currently two former Premier League clubs competing in this division: Oldham Athletic (1992–94) and Swindon Town (1993–94).

The current holders are Doncaster Rovers.

2014–15 Football League Two
The 2014–15 Football League Two (referred to as the Sky Bet League Two for sponsorship reasons) was the 11th season of the Football League Two under its current title and the 23rd season under its current league division format. The season began on 9 August 2014.

Twenty four clubs participated, eighteen of which remained in League Two having been neither promoted nor relegated at the end of the  2013–14 season. These clubs were joined by Tranmere Rovers, Carlisle United, Shrewsbury Town and Stevenage who were relegated from 2013–14 Football League One, and by Luton Town and Cambridge United who were both promoted from the 2013–14 Football Conference.

Burton Albion won the League Two title after a 3–2 away to Cambridge United on 2 May.
Belgian Antarctic Expedition
The Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899 was the first expedition to winter in the Antarctic region. Led by Adrien de Gerlache de Gomery aboard the RV Belgica, it was the first Belgian Antarctic expedition and is considered the first expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Among its members were Frederick Cook and Roald Amundsen, explorers who would later attempt the respective conquests of the North and South Poles.

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
Lin Carter
Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 – February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor and critic. He usually wrote as Lin Carter; known pseudonyms include H. P. Lowcraft (for an H. P. Lovecraft parody) and Grail Undwin. In the 1970s he was editor of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series, which introduced readers to many overlooked classics of the fantasy genre.

John Jakes
John William Jakes (March 31, 1932 – March 11, 2023) was an American writer, best known for historical and speculative fiction. His American Civil War trilogy, North and South, has sold millions of copies worldwide. He was also the author of The Kent Family Chronicles. Jakes used the pen name Jay Scotland among others.