hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 CS Finlandia Trophy
The 2019 CS Finlandia Trophy was held in October 2019 in Espoo. It was part of the 2019–20 ISU Challenger Series. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

2019 CS Warsaw Cup
The 2019 CS Warsaw Cup was held in November 2019 in Warsaw, Poland. It was part of the 2019–20 ISU Challenger Series. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship
Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship is a voivodeship (province) in northeastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Olsztyn. The voivodeship has an area of 24,192 km2 (9,341 sq mi) and in 2019 had a population of 1,425,967.

Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 from the entire Olsztyn Voivodeship, the western half of Suwałki Voivodeship, and part of Elbląg Voivodeship, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The province's name derives from two historic regions, Warmia and Masuria, although also parts of other regions are located within the province, i.e. of Chełmno Land, Powiśle, Mazovia, Bartia and Natangia.

The province borders Podlaskie Voivodeship to the east, Masovian Voivodeship to the south, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship to the southwest, Pomeranian Voivodeship to the west, the Vistula Lagoon to the northwest, and the Kaliningrad Oblast (an exclave of Russia) to the north.

Gmina Mrągowo
Gmina Mrągowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Mrągowo, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 294.87 square kilometres (113.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,485.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Masurian Landscape Park.
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.

Alestidae
African tetras (family Alestidae, formerly spelled Alestiidae) are a group of characiform fish found exclusively in Africa. This family contains about 18 genera and 119 species. Among the best known members are the Congo tetra and African tigerfish; both are kept in aquaria, and tigerfish are utilized for food and as gamefish.

Although currently native only to African waterways, fossil evidence suggests that during the Paleogene, they ranged as far north as southern Europe and as far east as the Arabian subcontinent. Fossil remains date back to potentially the Late Paleocene with Hydrocynus remains known from Algeria. Alestid-like teeth are also known from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of France, and phylogenetic evidence also suggests that they diverged around this time.
1973–74 Alpha Ethniki
The 1973–74 Alpha Ethniki was the 38th season of the highest football league of Greece. The season began on 23 September 1973 and ended on 22 June 1974. Olympiacos won their second consecutive and 19th Greek title. That was the last season in which Cypriot teams took part, while this season a new 2-1-0 point system was introduced, replacing the corresponding 3–2–1.

The point system was: Win: 2 points - Draw: 1 point - Loss: 0 points.

1974–75 Alpha Ethniki
The 1974–75 Alpha Ethniki was the 39th season of the highest football league of Greece. The season began on 29 September 1974 and ended on 8 June 1975. Olympiacos won their third consecutive and 20th Greek title.

The point system was: Win: 2 points - Draw: 1 point.
Gigabit Ethernet
In computer networking, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE) is the term applied to transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second. The most popular variant, 1000BASE-T, is defined by the IEEE 802.3ab standard. It came into use in 1999 and has replaced Fast Ethernet in wired local networks due to its considerable speed improvement over Fast Ethernet, as well as its use of cables and equipment that are widely available, economical, and similar to previous standards. The first standard for faster 10 Gigabit Ethernet was approved in 2002.

Network interface controller
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.

Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus. The low cost and ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most newer computers have a network interface controller built into the motherboard or contained in a USB-connected dongle, although network cards remain available.

Modern network interface controllers offer advanced features such as interrupt and DMA interfaces to the host processors, support for multiple receive and transmit queues, partitioning into multiple logical interfaces, and on-controller network traffic processing such as the TCP offload engine.
Leo Castelli
Leo Castelli (né Krausz; September 4, 1907 – August 21, 1999) was an Italian-American art dealer who originated the contemporary art gallery system. His gallery showcased  contemporary art for five decades. Among the movements which Castelli showed were Surrealism, abstract expressionism, Neo-Dada, pop art, op art, color field painting, hard-edge painting, lyrical abstraction, minimalism, conceptual art, and neo-expressionism.

Green Gallery
The Green Gallery was an art gallery that operated between 1960 and 1965 at 15 West 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City. The gallery's director was Richard Bellamy, and its financial backer was the art collector Robert Scull.  Green Gallery is noted for giving early visibility to a number of artists who soon rose to prominence, such as Yayoi Kusama, Mark di Suvero, Donald Judd, and George Segal.
List of dishes from the Caucasus
This article provides a list of dishes originating from the Caucasus. Caucasian culinary tradition includes that of Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Georgians, and of all other ethnic groups in the Caucasus, such as Chechens, Circassians, Ossetians, and many others.

Middle Eastern cuisine
Middle Eastern cuisine includes a number of cuisines from the Middle East. Common ingredients include olives and olive oil, pitas, honey, sesame seeds, dates, sumac, chickpeas, mint, rice and parsley, and popular dishes include kebabs, dolmas, falafel, baklava, yogurt, doner kebab, shawarma and mulukhiyah.
Lithuanians
Lithuanians (Lithuanian: lietuviai) are a Baltic ethnic group. They are native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,378,118 people. Another two million make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family along with Latvian. According to the census conducted in 2021, 84.6% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians. Most Lithuanians belong to the Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Lutherans.

Gediminas
Gediminas (c. 1275 – December 1341) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316 until his death in 1341. When addressing him, Pope John XXII called him rex (i.e. king). Gediminas is traditionally considered to have been the founder of Vilnius, the capital city of Lithuania (see: Iron Wolf legend). During his reign, he brought under his rule lands streching from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. The Gediminids dynasty he founded and which is named after him came to rule over Poland, Hungary and Bohemia.
Root
In vascular plants, the roots are the organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster. They are most often below the surface of the soil, but roots can also be aerial or aerating, that is, growing up above the ground or especially above water.

Plant litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall, or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that has fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O-horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility.
Kabylia
Kabylia or Kabylie (/kəˈbɪliə/; Arabic: منطقة القبائل, lit. 'Area of the Tribes') is a mountainous coastal region in northern Algeria and the homeland of the Kabyle people. It is part of the Tell Atlas mountain range and is located at the edge of the Mediterranean.

Kabylia covers two provinces of Algeria: Tizi Ouzou and Béjaïa. Gouraya National Park and Djurdjura National Park are also located in Kabylia.

Chaoui people
The Chaoui people or Shawiya (Arabic: الشاوية, Tachawit: Išawiyen) are a Berber ethnic group native to the Aurès region in northeastern Algeria.

They call themselves Išawiyen/Icawiyen (pronounced [iʃawijən]) and speak the Shawiya language. They are the second largest Tell Atlas Berber-speaking ethnicity, alongside the Kabyles and Chenouas.
2024 OFC Men's Champions League
The 2024 OFC Men's Champions League was the 23rd edition of the Oceanian club championship. Organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), it is Oceania's premier club football tournament. This was the first season under the current OFC Men's Champions League name.

The tournament winner qualified for the 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup. By winning the 2022 OFC Champions League and the 2023 OFC Champions League, Auckland City earned the right to play at the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States before even playing the 2024 OFC Men's Champions League.

2025 OFC Men's Champions League
The 2025 OFC Men's Champions League was the 24th edition of the Oceanian club championship. Organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), it is Oceania's premier club football tournament. This was the second season under the current OFC Men's Champions League name. The winners of the 2025 OFC Men's Champions League automatically qualified for the 2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup.
2009 European Parliament election in Hungary
An election of Members of the European Parliament from Hungary to the European Parliament was held in 2009. Hungary delegated 22 members to the European Parliament based on the Nice treaty and the election took place on 7 June.

2010 Hungarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 11 and 25 April 2010 to elect the members of the National Assembly. They were the sixth free elections since the end of the communist era. 386 Members of Parliament (MPs) were elected in a combined system of party lists and electoral constituencies. Electoral law in Hungary requires candidates to gather 500 signatures from citizens supporting their candidacy.

In the first round of the elections, the conservative party Fidesz won the absolute majority of seats, enough to form a government on its own.
In the second round, the alliance of Fidesz and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP) won enough seats to achieve a two-thirds majority required to modify major laws and the country's constitution. They were the last elections in this country before the electoral system was completely  changed.
Mallee bioregion
Mallee, also known as Roe Botanical District, is a biogeographic region in southern Western Australia. Located between the Esperance Plains, Avon Wheatbelt and Coolgardie bioregions, it has a low, gently undulating topography, a semi-arid mediterranean climate, and extensive Eucalyptus mallee vegetation. It has an area of 73,975.59 square kilometres (28,562.13 sq mi). About half of the region has been cleared for intensive agriculture. Recognised as a region under the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), it was first defined by John Stanley Beard in 1980.

Scaddan, Western Australia
Scaddan is a small town and locality in Western Australia located 783 kilometres (487 mi) east of Perth situated just off the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway between Norseman and Esperance in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. The Kendall Road, Speddingup East and Truslove Townsite Nature Reserves are located within Scaddan.

The area was originally known as Thirty Mile, because of its distance from Esperance. Europeans settled the area before 1914 and were commonly using the name Scaddan at around that time. The name of the post office was changed from Thirty Mile to Scaddan in 1915 and by 1916 a school and hall had been built in the town. The government delayed declaring the town until the route of the Norseman–Esperance railway was settled. The townsite was finally gazetted in 1924.

The town is named after John "Happy Jack" Scaddan, the premier of Western Australia from 1911 to 1916 and a prominent advocate of the Esperance railway.
Date, Fukushima
Date (伊達市, Date-shi; [date]) is a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026, the city had an estimated population of 55,004 in 23,314 households and a population density of 219 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 265.10 square kilometres (102.36 sq mi).

Date District, Fukushima
List of Provinces of Japan > Tōsandō > Iwashiro Province > Date District

Japan > Tōhoku region > Fukushima Prefecture > Date District

Date (伊達郡, Date-gun, DAH-tay) is a district located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2020, the district has an estimated population of 32,268 and a density of 154.7 persons per km2. The total area is 208.53 km2.
AGOVV
AGOVV (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌaːɣeːjoːveːˈveː]) is a Dutch football club based in Apeldoorn, Gelderland. Founded on 25 February 1913, the club competes in the Derde Klasse, the eighth tier of the Dutch football league system.

AGOVV played professional football between 1954 and 1971, and again from 2003 until 2013, when its professional branch was declared bankrupt and dissolved. During its time in the professional ranks, the club competed in the Eerste Divisie and was known for developing players such as Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.

The club's full name, Apeldoornse Geheel Onthouders Voetbalvereniging, reflects its origins as a teetotalers' sporting association. AGOVV plays its home matches at the Sportpark Berg & Bos and traditionally wears blue kits.

Helmond Sport
Helmond Sport (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɛlmɔnt ˈspɔrt]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Helmond, North Brabant.

Founded in 1967 following the acquisition of the professional license of RKSV Helmondia '55, the club achieved promotion to the top-tier Eredivisie in 1982. After two seasons in the Eredivisie, Helmond Sport was relegated and has since remained a consistent presence in the second-tier Eerste Divisie. The club's most notable achievement came in the 1984–85 KNVB Cup, where they finished as runners-up after a narrow defeat to FC Utrecht in the final.

Helmond Sport has played its home matches at GS Staalwerken Stadion since 2025.
Rail transport company
A rail transport company is a company active within the rail industry. It can be:

a manufacturing company,

a railway undertaking providing services through operating rolling stock,

a railway infrastructure manager.

In some jurisdictions such as the United States, railway companies may combine these roles. Railway companies can be private or public.

Roskilde railway station
Roskilde Station (Danish: Roskilde Station or Roskilde Banegård) is the principal railway station serving the city of Roskilde on the island of Zealand, Denmark. It is located in central Roskilde, on the southeastern edge of the historic town centre, and lies immediately adjacent to the Roskilde bus station.

Roskilde station is situated on the Danish Main Line between Copenhagen and Jutland. The station is also a terminus for the Little South Line which connects Roskilde to Næstved in southern Zealand by way of Køge, and the Northwest Line which connects Roskilde to Kalundborg in northwestern Zealand.

Completed in 1847, it is the oldest railway station in Denmark still in use. It was listed in the Fanish registry of protected buildings and places in 1964.
George Folingsby
George Frederick Folingsby (23 August 1828 – 4 January 1891) was an Irish-born Australian painter and art educator.

Folingsby was born in County Wicklow, Ireland. He emigrated to Canada at eighteen and later moved to New York City. He became an illustrator for magazines, including Harper's Magazine.

Folingsby arrived in Melbourne, Australia with his ten-year-old daughter, on 1 July 1879.  His reputation as a figure painter preceded him and he was quickly sought after as a portraitist, making a living from commissions of eminent members of Melbourne society.  Folingsby was offered the position of Master in the School of Painting at the gallery and was appointed on 1 June 1882.

In September of that year, he was appointed as the first Director of the National Gallery of Victoria.

His students included John Longstaff, Aby Altson, and Iso Rae.

After the death of Folingsby, Lindsay Bernard Hall was appointed Director of the National Gallery of Victoria.

National Gallery of Victoria Art School
The National Gallery of Victoria Art School, associated with the National Gallery of Victoria, was a private fine arts college founded in 1867 and was Australia's leading art school of 50 years.

It is also referred to as the 'National Gallery School' ‘National Gallery Art School’, ‘National Gallery School of Art’ and ‘Victorian National Gallery School of Art’. Official correspondence commencing from the 1950s is headed ‘National Gallery of Victoria Art School’ and in McCulloch’s Encyclopedia of Australian Art, it is abbreviated 'NGC School'.

It was the leading centre for academic art training in Australia until about 1910. Among its luminaries, the school was headed by  Sir William Dargie in 1946–53, John Brack from 1962–68, and Lenton Parr from 1968 to its absorption into the newly created Victorian College of the Arts.
Army of the Potomac
The Army of the Potomac was the primary field army of the Union army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in April.

Lieutenant general (United States)
In the United States Armed Forces, a lieutenant general is a three-star general officer in the United States Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force.

A lieutenant general ranks above a major general and below a general. It is abbreviated as LTG in the Army, LtGen in the Marine Corps, and Lt Gen in the Air Force and Space Force and is equivalent to the rank of vice admiral in the United States uniformed services that use naval ranks. The pay grade of lieutenant general is O-9.
Continental crust
Continental crust is the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. This layer is sometimes called sial because its bulk composition is richer in aluminium silicates (Al-Si) and has a lower density compared to the oceanic crust, called sima which is richer in magnesium silicate (Mg-Si) minerals. Changes in seismic wave velocities have shown that at a certain depth (the Conrad discontinuity), there is a reasonably sharp contrast between the more felsic upper continental crust and the lower continental crust, which is more mafic in character.

Most continental crust is dry land above sea level. However, 94% of the Zealandia continental crust region is submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean, with New Zealand constituting 93% of the above-water portion.

Oceanic basin
In hydrology, an oceanic basin (or ocean basin) is anywhere on Earth that is covered by seawater. Geologically, most of the ocean basins are large geologic basins that are below sea level.

Most commonly the ocean is divided into basins following the continents distribution: the North and South Atlantic (together approximately 75 million km2/ 29 million mi2), North and South Pacific (together approximately 155 million km2/ 59 million mi2), Indian Ocean (68 million km2/ 26 million mi2) and Arctic Ocean (14 million km2/ 5.4 million mi2). Also recognized is the Southern Ocean (20 million km2/ 7 million mi2). All ocean basins collectively cover 67% of the Earth's surface, and together they contain almost 97% of all water on the planet. They have an average depth of almost 4 km (about 2.5 miles).
Minor Planet Center
The Minor Planet Center (MPC) is the official body for observing and reporting on minor planets under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Founded in 1947, it operates at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.

List of asteroid-discovering observatories
The list of asteroid-discovering observatories contains a section for each observatory which has discovered one or more asteroids, along with a list of those asteroids.

For each numbered asteroid, the Minor Planet Center lists one or more discoverers who have been given credit for the discovery.  Sometimes these are individuals (by modern rules there can be no more than three co-discoverers), and sometimes the credit is given to an organization (for instance, Purple Mountain Observatory).
Private property
Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities. Private property is distinguishable from public property, which is owned by a state entity, and from collective or cooperative property, which is owned by one or more non-governmental entities. Private property is foundational to capitalism, an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. As a legal concept, private property is defined and enforced by a country's political system.

Wage labour
Wage labour (also wage labor in American English), usually referred to as paid work, paid employment, or paid labour, refers to the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer in which the worker sells their labour power under a formal or informal employment contract. These transactions usually occur in a labour market where wages or salaries are market-determined. Wage labor is a service in standard economic theory.

In exchange for the money paid as wages (usual for short-term work-contracts) or salaries (in permanent employment contracts), the work product generally becomes the undifferentiated property of the employer. A wage labourer is a person whose primary means of income is from the selling of their labour in this way.