hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wuyue
Wuyue (simplified Chinese: 吴越; traditional Chinese: 吳越; pinyin: Wúyuè; Wu Chinese pronunciation: [ŋu²³³.ɦyøʔ²³]) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history. It was ruled by the Qian clan of Haiyan (海鹽錢氏), whose family name remains widespread in the kingdom's former territory.

Ma Chu
Chu (Chinese: 楚; pinyin: Chǔ), known in historiography as Ma Chu (馬楚) or Southern Chu (南楚), was a dynastic state of China that existed from 907 to 951. It is counted as one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history.
United States Navy Nurse Corps
The United States Navy Nurse Corps was officially established by Congress in 1908; however, unofficially, women had been working as nurses aboard Navy ships and in Navy hospitals for nearly 100 years. The Corps was all-female until 1965.

United States Navy Dental Corps
The Dental Corps of the United States Navy consists of naval officers with a doctorate in either dental surgery (DDS) or dental medicine (DMD) and who practice dentistry for Sailors and Marines to ensure optimal oral health.

The U.S. Navy Dental Corps was established by an Act of Congress in 1912. Its membership consists of the Navy and the United States Navy Reserve dental officers. The primary mission of the Corps is to prevent or remedy dental conditions that may interfere with the performance of duty by members of the active naval forces. In overseas locations, they sometimes also treat dependent family members.
IBM AIX
AIX (pronounced /ˌeɪ.aɪ.ˈɛks/ ay-eye-EKS) is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM since 1986. The name stands for "Advanced Interactive eXecutive". Current versions are designed to work with Power ISA based server and workstation computers such as IBM's Power line.

SunOS
SunOS is a Unix-branded operating system developed by Sun Microsystems for their workstation and server computer systems from 1982 until the mid-1990s. The SunOS name is usually only used to refer to versions 1.0 to 4.1.4, which were based on BSD, while versions 5.0 and later are based on UNIX System V Release 4 and are marketed under the brand name Solaris.
Missile guidance
Missile guidance is a field of engineering, specifically guidance, navigation and control, dealing with the control of missiles and guided bombs. Missile guidance systems are designed to maximize the reliability and accuracy of these weapons, by improving the likelihood they reach their target.

Guidance systems can be broadly divided into two categories: Go-onto-target (GOT) systems can be used against moving targets, and go-onto-location-in-space (GOLIS) systems attack fixed geographical positions.

Missiles and guided bombs generally use similar types of guidance system, the difference between the two being that missiles are powered by an onboard engine, whereas guided bombs rely on the speed of the launch aircraft and gravity for propulsion.

Active radar homing
Active radar homing (ARH) is a missile guidance method in which a missile contains a radar transceiver (in contrast to semi-active radar homing, which uses only a receiver) and the electronics necessary for it to find and track its target autonomously.

The NATO brevity code for an air-to-air active radar homing missile launch is Fox Three.
WTA International tournaments
The WTA International tournaments was a category for tennis tournaments of the Women's Tennis Association from the 2009 WTA Tour until 2020, which replaced the previous Tier III and Tier IV categories. As of 2021, these events have been reclassified as WTA 250 tournaments. The winner of a WTA 250 tournament adds 250 points to her WTA ranking.

For the 2025 season, there were 21 WTA 250, all knock-out tournaments with a prize money for every event at $275,094.

Japan Women's Open
The Japan Women's Open, currently sponsored by the Kinoshita Group (formerly Japan Women's Open Tennis), is a professional women's tennis tournament played annually on outdoor hardcourts in Osaka, Japan. The event is affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is an WTA 250 tournament on the WTA Tour. As successor to the Japan Open (where men and women played simultaneously, up to 2008) the event was held in women-only form for the first time in 2009, and was the second tournament of the season held in Japan: the Pan Pacific Open, a Premier 5 tournament, was held two weeks before. In 2015, the event was moved from Osaka to Tokyo and in 2018 to Hiroshima, before returning to Osaka in 2023 after a three year hiatus.
Federal Fiscal Court
The Federal Fiscal Court (German: Bundesfinanzhof pronounced [bʊndəsfiˈnant͡shoːf] ⓘ; abbreviated BFH) is one of five federal supreme courts of Germany, established according to Article 95 of the Basic Law. It is the federal court of appeal for tax and customs matters in cases which have already been heard by the subordinate instance, namely the Fiscal Courts.

The Federal Fiscal Court was established in 1950 (succeeding the Supreme Fiscal Court of the German Empire (the Reichsfinanzhof, established in 1918).

The court has its seat in Munich.

Federal Labour Court
The Federal Labour Court (German: Bundesarbeitsgericht pronounced [bʊndəsˈʔaʁbaɪtsɡəˌʁɪçt] ⓘ, BAG [beːʔaːˈɡeː] ⓘ) is the court of the last resort for cases of labour law in Germany, both for individual labour law (mostly concerning contracts of employment) and collective labour law (e.g. cases concerning strikes and collective bargaining). The court hears cases from the Landesarbeitsgerichte (Superior State Labour Courts), which, in turn, are the courts of appeals against decisions of the Arbeitsgerichte (Inferior State Labour Courts).

The Bundesarbeitsgericht is located in the city of Erfurt.
Clyfford Still
Clyfford Still (November 30, 1904 – June 23, 1980) was an American painter, and one of the leading figures in the first generation of Abstract Expressionists, who developed a new, powerful approach to painting in the years immediately following World War II, and is credited as one of the movement’s pioneers. His shift from representational to abstract painting occurred between 1938 and 1942, earlier than his colleagues like Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko, who continued to paint in figurative-surrealist styles well into the 1940s.

Arshile Gorky
Arshile Gorky (/ˈɑːrʃiːl ˈɡɔːrki/ AR-sheel GOR-kee; born Vostanik Manoug Adoian, Armenian: Ոստանիկ Մանուկ Ատոյեան; April 15, 1904 – July 21, 1948) was an Armenian-American painter who had a seminal influence on Abstract Expressionism. He spent the last years of his life as a national of the United States. Along with Mark Rothko, Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning, Gorky has been hailed as one of the most powerful American painters of the 20th century. The suffering and loss he experienced in the Armenian genocide had crucial influence on Gorky's development as an artist.
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (13 November 1504 – 31 March 1567), nicknamed der Großmütige (lit. 'the Magnanimous'), was a German nobleman and a champion of the Protestant Reformation, notable for being one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany. He was also one of the main belligerents in the War of the Katzenelnbogen Succession.

Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony
Elisabeth of Hesse (4 March 1502 – 6 December 1557) was Hereditary Princess of Saxony in 1519-1537 by marriage to  John of Saxony.  After the death of her husband, she managed her Wittum, (estates that were assigned to her upon marriage) the Saxon districts of Rochlitz and Kriebstein between 1537 and 1547, earning her the name Elisabeth of Rochlitz. She allowed for the spread of Protestantism in her territories. She acted as mediator between her Catholic mother and Lutheran brother, and as the nurse of Maurice of Saxony.
Lima Cigarmakers
The Lima Cigarmakers were a minor league baseball team based in Lima, Ohio. From 1908 to 1912, the Cigarmakers played as members of the Class D level Ohio State League, winning the 1909 league championship. The Lima "Boosters" played as members of the 1915 Buckeye League, winning the league championship in a shortened season.

The Cigarmakers and Boosters teams hosted home minor league games at San Felice Park in Lima. San Felice was a cigar brand in the era that was manufactured in the region.

Marion Diggers
The Marion Diggers were a minor league baseball team based in Marion, Ohio and Marion County, Ohio. From 1908 to 1912, the Diggers played as members of the Class D level Ohio State League, hosting home minor league games at Webb Park. Despite not winning a league championship, the Diggers finished in the top three in the final standings in each full season of play. Future president Warren Harding was a part owner of the Marion Diggers.
Fitzroy Newsum
Fitzroy "Buck" Newsum (May 22, 1918 – January 5, 2013) was an American military pilot and officer who was one of the original members of the Tuskegee Airmen during World War II. He retired as a colonel in 1970.

George L. Knox II
George Levi Knox II ("Skipper" Knox) (December 23, 1916 – November 4, 1964) was a U.S. Army Air Force/U.S. Air Force officer, combat fighter pilot and Adjutant with the all-African American 332nd Fighter Group's 100th Fighter Squadron, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen. One of the 1,007 documented Tuskegee Airmen Pilots, he was a member of the Tuskegee Airmen's third-ever aviation cadet class, and one of the first twelve African Americans to become combat fighter pilots. He was the second Indiana native to graduate from the Tuskegee Advanced Flying School (TAFS).

He was one of the ten presiding officers in the courts-martial of several Tuskegee Airmen after the Freeman Field mutiny in 1945. He was named president after Benjamin O. Davis Jr. was dismissed.
Hunan University
Hunan University (HNU; 湖南大学) is a national public university in Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan, China. It is affiliated with and funded by the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. It is also a member in the BRICS Universities League.

Hunan Normal University
Hunan Normal University (HunNU) is a provincial public university in Changsha, Hunan, China. It is affiliated with the Province of Hunan, and co-funded by the Hunan Provincial People's Government and the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.
STS (TV channel)
CTC (or STS, stands for Russian: Сеть Телевизионных Станций, Seť Televizionnyh Stancij, lit. 'Network of television stations' (NTS)) is a commercial television station based in Moscow, Russia. It belongs to the CTC Media company. The company is owned by National Media Group (Russia) and VTB Bank (Russia).

Russia-1
Russia-1 (Russian: Россия-1) is a state-owned Russian television channel, first aired on 14 February 1956 as Programme Two in the Soviet Union. It was relaunched as RTR on 13 May 1991, and is known as Russia-1. It is the flagship channel of the All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK).

In 2008 Russia-1 had the second largest audience in Russian television. In a typical week, it was viewed by 75% of urban Russians, compared to 83% for the leading channel, Channel One. The two channels are similar in their politics, and they compete directly in entertainment. Russia-1 has many regional variations and broadcasts in many languages.
Broad Peak
Broad Peak is one of the eight-thousanders, and is located in the Karakoram range spanning Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan and Xinjiang, China. It is the 12th highest mountain in the world at 8,051 metres (26,414 ft) elevation above sea level. The first ascent of this mountain was in June 1957, accomplished by Fritz Wintersteller, Marcus Schmuck, Kurt Diemberger, and Hermann Buhl as part of an Austrian expedition.

Masherbrum
Masherbrum (Urdu: مشہ بروم ; formerly known as K1) is a mountain located in the Ghanche District in the Gilgit Baltistan region of Pakistan. With an elevation of 7,821 metres (25,659 feet), it ranks as the 22nd highest mountain globally and the 9th highest in Pakistan. It holds the distinction of being the first mapped peak in the Karakoram mountain range during the Great Trigonometrical Survey, leading to its K-number designation as "K1".
France and Germany Star
The France and Germany Star is a military campaign medal, instituted by the United Kingdom in May 1945 for award to British Commonwealth forces who served in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands or Germany and adjacent sea areas between 6 June 1944 and 8 May 1945, during the Second World War.

One clasp, 'Atlantic', could be worn on the medal ribbon.

Canadian Volunteer Service Medal
The Canadian Volunteer Service Medal is granted to persons of any rank in the Naval, Military or Air Forces of Canada who voluntarily served on Active Service from September 3, 1939, to March 1, 1947.  The medal was established on October 22, 1943.
Marina Kozlovskaya
Marina Andreevna Kozlovskaya (Russian: Мари́на Андре́евна Козло́вская; 7 April 1925 – 2019) was a Soviet and Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her landscape paintings.

Alexander Koroviakov
Alexander Petrovich Koroviakov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Петро́вич Коровя́ков; 16 November 1912 – 12 June 1993) was a Soviet, Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting.
Princess Projectra
Princess Projectra (later Sensor Girl) is a fictional character, a superheroine in the DC Comics universe. Typically portrayed as a haughty member of an alien royal family, she is from the 30th and 31st centuries and is a member of the Legion of Super-Heroes.

Projectra was one of Jim Shooter's early creations on Legion of Super Heroes that helped cement his place in history as one of the seminal creators for the Legion. Shooter sold the original script in which Projectra debuted to DC Comics editor Mort Weisinger when Shooter was only 14 years old.

Nura Nal
Dream Girl (Nura Nal) is a superhero appearing in books published by DC Comics, primarily as a member of the Legion of Super-Heroes in the 30th and 31st centuries. She was created by writer Edmond Hamilton and artist John Forte, and first appeared in Adventure Comics #317 (1964).

Dream Girl has made limited appearances in other media, primarily in association with the Legion. Tara Platt voices the character in Legion of Super Heroes (2006), while Nicole Maines portrays Nia Nal, a contemporary character based on her, in the Arrowverse.
Brian Harrison (historian)
Sir Brian Howard Harrison (born 9 July 1937) is a British historian and academic. From 1996 to 2004, he was Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford. From 2000 to 2004, he was also the editor of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.

Colin Matthew
Henry Colin Gray Matthew FRHistS (15 January 1941 – 29 October 1999) was a British historian and academic. He was an editor of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography and editor of the diaries of William Ewart Gladstone.
Henry Bolte
Sir Henry Edward Bolte (/ˈbɒlti/ BOL-tee; 20 May 1908 – 4 January 1990) was an Australian politician who served as the 38th premier of Victoria from 1955 to 1972. He held office as the leader of the Victorian division of the Liberal Party of Australia (LPA) and was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the division of Hampden from 1947 to 1972. He is the longest-serving premier in Victorian state history, having been in office for over 17 consecutive years.

John Cain (34th Premier of Victoria)
John Cain (19 January 1882 – 4 August 1957) was an Australian politician who served as the 34th Premier of Victoria. He was the first Labor Party leader to win a majority in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, and is the only premier of Victoria whose son has also served as premier.
Coluccio Salutati
Coluccio Salutati (16 February 1331 – 4 May 1406) was an Italian Renaissance humanist and notary, and one of the most important political and cultural leaders of Renaissance Florence; as chancellor of the Florentine Republic and its most prominent voice, he was effectively the permanent secretary of state in the generation before the rise of the powerful Medici family.

Chancellor of Florence
The Chancellor of Florence held the most important position in the bureaucracy of the Florentine Republic. Though the chancellor was not officially a member of the Republic's elected political government, unlike the gonfaloniere or the nine members of the signoria, the role was roughly equivalent to the head of the civil service in some countries today, and its holder could still wield considerable political influence. Holders included some of the most famous scholars, political thinkers and humanists of the Renaissance.
Vladimir Seleznev
Vladimir Ivanovich Seleznev (Russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Селезне́в; 3 August 1928 – 15 March 1991) was a Soviet Russian realist painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as a representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre paintings and portraits.

Lev Bogomolets
Lev Konstantinovich Bogomolets (Russian: Лев Константинович Богомолец; 11 January 1911, Biysk, Tomsk Governorate,  Russian Empire — 10 July 2009, Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet Russian painter, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad Union of Artists), who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.
Sun Shengnan
Sun Shengnan (Chinese: 孙胜男; pinyin: Sūn Shèngnán; Mandarin pronunciation: [swə́n ʂə̂ŋ nǎn]; born 21 January 1987) is a Chinese former tennis player. Her highest WTA singles ranking is 216th, which she reached on 4 April 2011. Her career-high in doubles is 50th, which she reached on 17 September 2007.

By March 2006, Sun had won two ITF singles titles and risen to No. 320 in the WTA rankings, and had earned herself a reputation as 'one to watch', having shown plenty of recent promise of further improvement in the preceding year.

Ji Chunmei
Ji Chunmei (Chinese: 季春美; pinyin: Jì Chūnměi; Mandarin pronunciation: [tɕî ʈʂʰwə́n mèɪ]; born February 14, 1986) is a former professional Chinese tennis player.

Her highest WTA singles ranking is 352, which she reached on 10 May 2010. Her career-high in doubles is 61, which she reached on 12 May 2008.
Saud bin Faisal Al Saud
Saud bin Faisal Al Saud (Arabic: سعود بن فيصل آل سعود, romanized: Suʿūd ibn Fayṣal Āl Suʿūd), also known as Saud Al Faisal (Arabic: سعود الفيصل, Suʿūd Āl Fayṣal; 2 January 1940 – 9 July 2015), was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who served as the foreign minister of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 2015. He was a member of the Saudi royal family, a son of King Faisal, and one of the grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz. He was the longest-serving foreign minister in world history.

Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (1942–2014)
Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن الفيصل آل سعود; 1942 – March 2014) was a Saudi royal, a son of King Faisal, one of the grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz, military officer, and businessman.
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale
The ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) is a poorly known species of whale even for a beaked whale, and was named for the unusual shape of its dual teeth. It is a fairly typical-looking species, but is notable for males not having any scarring.

Melon-headed whale
The melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra), also known less commonly as the electra dolphin, little killer whale, or many-toothed blackfish, is a toothed whale of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). The common name is derived from the head shape. Melon-headed whales are widely distributed throughout deep tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, but they are rarely encountered at sea. They are found near shore mostly around oceanic islands, such as Hawaii, French Polynesia, and the Philippines.
Galina Smirnova
Galina Alexandrovna Smirnova (Russian: Гали́на Алекса́ндровна Смирно́ва; 17 February 1929 – 12 December 2015) was a Soviet and Russian painter who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg.

She was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 known as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her portraits of contemporaries.

Anatoli Nenartovich
Anatoli Nenartovich (Russian: Анато́лий Ненарто́вич; 10 July 1915 – 1 January 1988) was a Soviet Russian painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad and known as representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes with  a road building works scenes.
Carolina Kostner
Carolina Kostner (born 8 February 1987) is an Italian figure skating coach and former competitive skater. She is the 2014 Olympic bronze medalist, the 2012 World champion, a five-time European champion (2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013), and the 2011 Grand Prix Final champion. She is also a medalist at five other World Championships (2005, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014), six other European Championships (2006, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2017, 2018), and three other Grand Prix Finals (2007, 2008, 2010), the 2003 World Junior bronze medalist, and a nine-time Italian national champion. Kostner has won 11 medals at the European championships, most recently in 2018, and is the most decorated singles skater in the history of that competition.

Akiko Suzuki
Akiko Suzuki (鈴木 明子, Suzuki Akiko) (born March 28, 1985) is a Japanese figure skating choreographer and retired competitive figure skater. She is the 2012 World Championships bronze medalist, a three-time Grand Prix Final medalist (2011 silver, 2009 & 2012 bronze), a two-time Four Continents silver medalist (2010, 2013), the 2007 Winter Universiade champion, and the 2013 Japanese national champion. She placed eighth at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics.
Lon Chaney
Leonidas Frank "Lon" Chaney (April 1, 1883 – August 26, 1930) was an American actor and makeup artist. He is regarded as one of the most versatile and powerful actors of cinema, renowned for his characterizations of tortured, often grotesque and afflicted, characters and for his groundbreaking artistry with makeup. Chaney was known for his starring roles in such silent horror films as The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) and The Phantom of the Opera (1925). His ability to transform himself using makeup techniques that he developed earned him the nickname "The Man of a Thousand Faces".

Conrad Nagel
John Conrad Nagel (March 16, 1897 – February 24, 1970) was an American film, stage, television and radio actor. He was considered a famous matinée idol and leading man of the 1920s and 1930s. He was given an Honorary Academy Award in 1940, and three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.
Bethania, North Carolina
Bethania is the oldest municipality in Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States, and was most recently incorporated in 1995, upon the reactivation of the original 1838/1839 town charter. In 2009, Bethania celebrated the 250th anniversary of its establishment in 1759. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 341.

Bethabara Historic District
Bethabara Historic District encompasses the surviving buildings and archaeological remains of a small Moravian community,  that was first settled in 1753.  Located in present-day Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States, it is now a public park of the city of Winston-Salem.  It was designated National Historic Landmark in 1999.