hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rule 5 draft
The Rule 5 draft is a Major League Baseball (MLB) player draft that occurs each year in December, at the annual Winter Meeting of general managers. The Rule 5 draft aims to prevent teams from stockpiling too many young players on their minor league affiliate teams when other organizations would be willing to have them play in the major leagues. The Rule 5 draft is named for its place in The Official Professional Baseball Rules Book. The Rule 4 draft—more widely known as the "first-year player draft", "amateur draft", or simply the "MLB draft"—is a distinctly different process by which teams select high school and college players, and takes place annually in July.

The Rule 5 draft has happened every year since 1920. The 2021 MLB lockout led to the postponement of the major league phase of the Rule 5 draft, but the minor league phase proceeded as scheduled.

Double-A (baseball)
Double-A (officially Class AA) is the second-highest level of play in Minor League Baseball in the United States since 1946, below only Triple-A. There are currently 30 teams classified at the Double-A level, one for each team in Major League Baseball, organized into three leagues: the Eastern League, the Southern League, and the Texas League.
Urbana, Ohio
Urbana is a city in Champaign County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located about 34 miles (55 km) northeast of Dayton and 41 miles (66 km) west of Columbus. The population was 11,115 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Urbana micropolitan area. Urbana was laid out in 1805, and for a time in 1812 was the headquarters of the Northwestern army during the War of 1812. It is the burial place of the explorer and soldier Simon Kenton. The city was home to Urbana University and Curry Normal and Industrial Institute, a school for African American students.

Springfield, Ohio
Springfield is a city in Clark County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located in southwestern Ohio along the Mad River, Buck Creek, and Beaver Creek, about 45 miles (72 km) west of Columbus and 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Dayton. The city had a total population of 58,662 at the 2020 census, while the Springfield metropolitan area had 136,001 residents.

Springfield is home to Wittenberg University, a liberal arts college, and Clark State College, a community college. The Little Miami Scenic Trail, a paved rail-trail that is nearly 80 miles (130 kilometers) long, extends from the Buck Creek Scenic Trail head in Springfield south to Newtown, Ohio. Buck Creek State Park and its Clarence J. Brown reservoir are located at the city limits.
Ilan Ramon
Ilan Ramon  (Hebrew: אילן רמון; pronounced [(ʔ)iˈlan ʁaˈmon], born Ilan Wolfferman (אילן וולפרמן); June 20, 1954 – February 1, 2003) was an Israeli fighter pilot and later the first Israeli astronaut. He served as a Space Shuttle payload specialist on STS-107, the fatal mission of Columbia, in which he and the six other crew members were killed when the spacecraft disintegrated during re-entry. At 48, Ramon was the oldest member of the crew. He is the only foreign recipient of the United States Congressional Space Medal of Honor, which was awarded posthumously.

Laurel Clark
Laurel Blair Clark (née Salton; March 10, 1961 – February 1, 2003) was an American NASA astronaut, medical doctor, United States Navy captain, and Space Shuttle mission specialist. She died along with her six fellow crew members in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. Clark was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.
Banksia subg. Banksia
Banksia subg. Banksia is a valid botanic name for a subgenus of Banksia. As an autonym, it necessarily contains the type species of Banksia, B. serrata (saw banksia). Within this constraint, however, there have been various circumscriptions.

Banksia ser. Spicigerae
Banksia ser. Spicigerae is a taxonomic series in the genus Banksia. It consists of the seven species in section Oncostylis that have cylindrical inflorescences. These range in form from small shrubs to tall trees. The leaves grow in either an alternate or whorled pattern, with various shape forms. The Spicigerae inflorescence is held erect, subtended by a whorl of branchlets, and retains a regular pattern until anthesis. The perianth limb is horizontal until anthesis, at which point the perianth opens from underneath. The pollen-presenter is ovoid or conical. The seed wings are not notched.
Samuel Lee (linguist)
Samuel Lee (14 May 1783 – 16 December 1852) was an English Orientalist, born in Shropshire; professor at Cambridge, first of Arabic and then of Hebrew language; was the author of a Hebrew grammar and lexicon, and a translation of the Book of Job.

Thomas Kendall
Thomas Kendall (13 December 1778 – 6 August 1832) was a schoolmaster, an early missionary to Māori people in New Zealand, and a recorder of the Māori language. An evangelical Anglican, he and his family were in the first group of missionaries to New Zealand, accompanied to the Bay of Islands by Samuel Marsden in December 1814 and settling there. He wrote the first book in Māori, published in 1815. By 1821 he felt it necessary to accede to local Māori demands for guns in order to ensure their continued protection of the mission, and the Church Missionary Society dismissed him in 1822 for gun dealing. Marsden visited New Zealand to dismiss him in person in 1823, after learning that he had committed adultery with a Māori woman. Kendall left New Zealand in 1825 and died in a ship sinking in Australia in 1832.
Hal Sutton
Hal Evan Sutton (born April 28, 1958) is an American professional golfer, currently playing on the PGA Tour Champions, who achieved 14 victories on the PGA Tour, including the 1983 PGA Championship (a major championship) and the 1983 and 2000 Players Championships. Sutton was also the PGA Tour's leading money winner in 1983 and named Player of the Year.

Rocco Mediate
Rocco Anthony Mediate (born December 17, 1962) is an American professional golfer who has won six times on the PGA Tour and five times on the PGA Tour Champions. In the 2008 U.S. Open at Torrey Pines South Course, he finished runner-up after losing the first sudden-death hole after an 18-hole playoff to Tiger Woods. In 2016, Mediate won the Senior PGA Championship, one of the five senior majors.
Cedarhurst, New York
Cedarhurst (historically known as Ocean Point) is a village in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 7,374 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Cedarhurst is located in the region of Long Island's South Shore known as the Five Towns.

Hewlett, New York
Hewlett is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 7,262 at the time of the 2020 census.

Hewlett is usually included as one of the Five Towns in the southwestern corner of Nassau County. In the context of the Five Towns, "The Hewletts" or "Hewlett" is often used to refer collectively to the hamlet of Hewlett, together with the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor and Hewlett Neck, along with Woodsburgh.
Maroussi B.C.
Maroussi B.C. (Greek: K.A.E. Μαρούσι) alternately translated as Marousi, Amaroussio, or Amaroussion, is a professional basketball club that is based in Maroussi, a northern suburb of Athens, Greece. The club's full name is Gymnastikos Syllogos Maroussi Basketball Club, which is commonly abbreviated as G.S. Maroussi B.C.. The club currently competes in the top-tier Greek Basketball League (GBL).

2009–10 Euroleague
The 2009–10 Euroleague was the 10th season of the Euroleague, a professional basketball competition for elite clubs throughout Europe organised by Euroleague Basketball Company, and it was the 53rd season of the premier competition for European men's clubs overall. The regular season featured 24 teams from 13 countries.

This season marked the first time since 2001–02 season that a qualifying round was used to determine the last two teams for the regular season. The qualifying round started on September 29, 2009, while the regular season of the Euroleague started on October 15, 2010. The season ended with the Euroleague Final Four, which was hosted at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, with the final on May 9, 2010.
List of Indian states and union territories by GDP
These are lists of Indian states and union territories by their nominal gross state domestic product (GSDP). GSDP is the sum of all value added by industries within each state or union territory and serves as a counterpart to the national gross domestic product (GDP). As of 2011, the Government accounted for about 21% of the GDP followed by agriculture with 21% and corporate sector at 12%. The remaining 48% is sourced from small proprietorship and partnership companies, unorganized sector and households.

List of Indian states and union territories by Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A territory scores a higher level of HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the gross national income GNI (PPP) per capita is higher.

As per United Nations Development Programme, India had a HDI of 0.434 in 1990, which steadily increased and reached 0.490 in 2000, and 0.572 in 2010. As per the latest report, the HDI climbed to 0.685 in 2023 from 0.676 in 2022, which placed India in the medium category and ranked it 130th out of 193 countries.

The various Indian states and union territories have significant variations in HDI. Goa had the highest HDI amongst the Indian states with Bihar ranking last.
Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland
The Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (German: Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union, EDU; French: Union Démocratique Fédérale, UDF; Italian: Unione Democratica Federale, UDF; Romansch: Uniun Democrata Federala, UDF) is a national-conservative political party in Switzerland. Its ideology is politically conservative, Protestant fundamentalist, and right-wing populist. It is similar to the Christian right in the United States, and its top goals are to promote "biblical values" and oppose other cultures and values.

Founded in 1975, the party's current president is Daniel Frischknecht who succeeded the long-serving Hans Moser (2001–2020) in 2020. The EDU is a minor political party that polls around 1% of the vote and holds two seats in the Swiss National Council as of 2023.

2007 Swiss federal election
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007. For the 48th legislative term of the federal parliament (2007–2011), voters in 26 cantons elected all 200 members of the National Council as well as 43 out of 46 members of the Council of States. The other three members of the Council of States for that term of service were elected at an earlier date.

On 12 December 2007, the newly elected legislature elected the Swiss federal government, the Swiss Federal Council, for a four-year-term.

The results reflected yet another rise in support for the strongest party, the right-wing populist Swiss People's Party, at 29% of the popular vote, and the growth of the Green and Green Liberal parties at the expense of the  Social Democrats.
Alexander Griboyedov
Alexander Sergeyevich Griboyedov (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Грибоедов, romanized: Aleksandr Sergeevich Griboedov; 15 January 1795 – 11 February 1829) was a Russian diplomat, playwright, poet, and composer. His one notable work is the 1823 verse comedy Woe from Wit. He was Russia's ambassador to Qajar Persia, where he and all the embassy staff were  massacred by an angry mob in the aftermath of the ratification of the Treaty of Turkmenchay (1828), which confirmed the cession to Russia of Persia's northern territories comprising Transcaucasia and parts of the North Caucasus. Griboyedov played a pivotal role in the ratification of the treaty. The immediate cause for the incident was Griboyedov giving refuge to Armenians who had escaped from the harems of the Persian shah and his son.

Alexander Ostrovsky
Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Остро́вский; 12 April [O.S. 31 March] 1823  – 14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1886) was a Russian playwright, generally considered the greatest representative of the Russian realistic period. The author of 47 original plays, Ostrovsky "almost single-handedly created a Russian national repertoire." His dramas are among the most widely read and frequently performed stage pieces in Russia.
George Atzerodt
George Andrew Atzerodt (June 12, 1835 – July 7, 1865) was a German American repairman, Confederate sympathizer, and conspirator in the assassination of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. He was assigned to assassinate Vice President Andrew Johnson, but lost his nerve and made no attempt. Atzerodt was tried by a military tribunal, sentenced to death for conspiracy, and hanged along with three other conspirators.

Michael O'Laughlen
Michael O'Laughlen, Jr. (pronounced Oh-Lock-Lun; June 3, 1840 – September 23, 1867) was an American Confederate soldier and conspirator in John Wilkes Booth's plot to kidnap U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, and later in the latter's assassination, although he ended up not directly participating.

His last name was often misspelled by the press and others as O'Laughlin.
Victor Martins
Victor Martins (French pronunciation: [vik.tɔʁ maʁ.tɛ̃s]; born 16 June 2001) is a French racing driver who is set to compete in the FIA World Endurance Championship for the Alpine Endurance Team. He also serves as the test and development driver for Williams in Formula One.

A former member of the Alpine Academy, Martins won the 2020 Formula Renault Eurocup and the 2022 FIA Formula 3 Championship. He spent three years in Formula 2 from 2023 to 2025 with ART Grand Prix, where he was the 2023 recipient of the Anthoine Hubert Award by virtue of finishing as top rookie.

Kush Maini
Kush Maini (pronounced [kuʃ ˈmai.ni]; born 22 September 2000) is an Indian racing driver who competes in the FIA Formula 2 Championship for ART Grand Prix as part of the Alpine Academy, and serves as a reserve driver in Formula One for Alpine and in Formula E for Mahindra. Maini has previously competed in Formula 4, the Formula Renault Eurocup, the FIA World Endurance Championship, the BRDC British Formula 3 Championship, and FIA Formula 3.

Born to a prominent Punjabi business family settled in Bengaluru, he is the younger brother of Arjun Maini, also a racing driver who competed in GP3 and Formula 2, and the nephew of Indian business magnate Chetan Maini. He is also the grandson of Sudarshan Maini, founder of Maini Group of industries. Maini is mentored by two-time Formula One champion Mika Häkkinen.
USS L-2
USS L-2 (SS-41), also known as "Submarine No. 41", was an L-class submarine of the United States Navy. She and her sister boats worked on submarine tactics in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and East Coast, prior to sailing to the Azores, and later stationed in Ireland, during WWI.

USS L-4
USS L-4 (SS-43), also known as "Submarine No. 43", was an L-class submarine of the United States Navy. She and her sister boats worked on submarine tactics in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and East Coast, prior to sailing to the Azores, and later stationed in Ireland, during WWI.
Gil Vicente F.C.
Gil Vicente Futebol Clube (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒil viˈsẽtɨ]), commonly known as Gil Vicente, founded in 1924, is a Portuguese professional football club that plays in Barcelos. It plays their home matches at the Estádio Cidade de Barcelos. It competes in the Primeira Liga, the top division of football in the country, and it is named after Portuguese playwright Gil Vicente.

The club's founding occurred near the city's theater named after playwright Vicente. It first played in Primeira Liga in 1990-91. Since then, the team has been relegated to the second tier three times, having won back promotion twice by winning the Segunda Liga and once by administrative decision. The highest league finishes were two fifth-places in 1999–2000 and 2021–22. A women's football team was created for the 2018-19 season. The team has participated in the top tier, and currently has played six straight seasons in it.

Vitória F.C.
Vitória Futebol Clube (Portuguese pronunciation: [viˈtɔɾiɐ ðɨ sɨˈtuβal]), commonly known as Vitória de Setúbal, is a Portuguese professional football club based in Setúbal that used to compete in the Primeira Liga, the top flight of Portuguese football, at the Estádio do Bonfim. At the moment, they are playing in the first division of the Setúbal FA district championship after many financial problems. The club was born under the original name Sport Victoria from the ashes of the small Bonfim Foot-Ball Club.

When it comes to main achievements in Portugal, Vitória de Setúbal has won four trophies: three Taça de Portugal and one Taça da Liga. Internationally, Vitória has won a Small Club World Cup and an Iberian Cup. Historically, it is one of the most decorated clubs in the country.
Wheeling, Illinois
Wheeling is a village in Cook and Lake counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is part of Wheeling and Vernon townships. Wheeling is a suburb of Chicago, it is primarily in Cook County, approximately 23 mi (37 km) northwest of downtown Chicago. The population was 39,137 at the 2020 census. Wheeling is named after Wheeling, West Virginia.

Mundelein, Illinois
Mundelein is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States and a northern suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, the population was 31,560, making this the fourth largest town in Lake County. The village straddles Libertyville Township and Fremont Township, and borders Grayslake, Ivanhoe, Diamond Lake, and Libertyville. The village lies 33 miles northwest of the Chicago Loop.

Mundelein was first settled by European settlers in 1835, and was incorporated in 1909 after a spur line connected the village to the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad. The University of Saint Mary of the Lake opened in 1921, and in June 1926 the village hosted the closing events of the 28th International Eucharistic Congress, bringing hundreds of thousands of people to the village. Its name was changed four times over its history, including two after incorporation.
Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq al-Kulaynī ar-Rāzī (محمد بن یعقوب بن اسحاق کلینی رازی; أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ٱلْكُلَيْنِيُّ ٱلرَّازِيُّ; c. 255 AH / 868 CE – 329 AH / 941 CE) was a Persian Shia Muslim scholar, hadith compiler, and the author of Kitāb al-Kāfī.

He was known for his extensive travels in search of hadith, particularly in Qom and Baghdad, and received his education under numerous teachers, many of whom were contemporaries of the tenth and eleventh Shia Imams, Ali al-Hadi (835–868) and Hasan al-Askari (868–874). He was also a teacher of several prominent scholars, including Shaykh al-Saduq and Ibn Qulawayh.

Shaykh Tusi
Shaykh Tūsī (Persian: شیخ طوسی), full name Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Tūsī (Arabic: أَبُوْ جَعْفَرِ مُحَمَّدُ بِنْ الحَسَنِ الطُوْسِّيّ, romanized: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī), known as Shaykh al-Ta'ifah (Arabic: شَيْخِ الطَائِفَةِ, romanized: Shaykh al-Ṭāʾifah) was a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, mufassir, theologian and hadith compiler of Persian descent. He is the author of two of the Four Books of Shia hadith; namely, Tahdhib al-Ahkam and al-Istibsar, and is believed to have founded the Hawza of Najaf. In addition, he was a scholar of ʾUṣūl al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic jurisprudence) and is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential thinkers in Shi’i history.
Wen Zhengming
Wen Zhengming (文徵明; 28 November 1470 – 28 March 1559), born Wen Bi (文璧), was a Chinese painter, calligrapher, and poet during the Ming dynasty. He was regarded as one of the Four Masters of Ming painting.

Zhu Yunming
Zhu Yunming (Chinese: 祝允明; 1461 – 28 January 1527) was a Chinese calligrapher, poet, writer, and scholar-official of the Ming dynasty, known as one of the "Four Talents of Wu" (Suzhou). Most admired for his accomplishment in calligraphy, he is also a popular cultural figure for his uninhibited lifestyle and iconoclastic thinking. He criticized the orthodox Neo-Confucianism of Zhu Xi and admired the philosophy of mind advocated by Wang Yangming. He wrote a large number of essays that criticize traditional values, and was an influence on the iconoclastic philosopher Li Zhi.
Peter of Verona
Peter of Verona (29 October 1205 – 6 April 1252), also known as Saint Peter Martyr and Saint Peter of Verona, was a 13th-century Italian Catholic priest. He was a Dominican friar and a celebrated preacher. He served as Inquisitor in Lombardy, was killed by an assassin, and was  canonised as a Catholic saint 11 months after his death — the fastest canonisation in history.

Saint Dominic
Saint Dominic, OP (Spanish: Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), also known as Dominic de Guzmán (Spanish: [ɡuθˈman]), was a Castilian Catholic priest and the founder of the Dominican Order. He is the patron saint of astronomers and natural scientists, and he and his order are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing the rosary.
Bechuanaland Protectorate
The Bechuanaland Protectorate (/ˌbɛtʃuˈɑːnəlænd/) was a protectorate established on 31 March 1885 in Southern Africa by the United Kingdom. It became independent as the Republic of Botswana on 30 September 1966, six years after the Bechuanaland Democratic Party was established, under the leadership of Seretse Khama.

Charles Warren
Sir Charles Warren (7 February 1840 – 21 January 1927) was a British Army officer of the Royal Engineers. He was one of the earliest European archaeologists of the Biblical Holy Land, and particularly of the Temple Mount. Much of his military service was spent in British South Africa. Previously he was Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, the head of the London Metropolitan Police, from 1886 to 1888 during the Jack the Ripper murders. His command in combat during the Second Boer War was criticised, but he achieved considerable success during his long life in his military and civil posts.
Bea Priestley
Beatrice St. Claire Terry (née Priestley; born 22 March 1996) is an English-New Zealander professional wrestler. She is currently signed to World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she performs under her real name (stylized as Bea Priestley) and is a member of Stars. She previously performed in WWE under the ring name Blair Davenport. Priestley is also known for her appearances in All Elite Wrestling (AEW), World of Sport Wrestling, Defiant Wrestling, and Progress Wrestling.

AZM (wrestler)
AZM, shortened from Azumi (あずみ; born October 1, 2002), is a Japanese professional wrestler, signed to World Wonder Ring Stardom where she is a member of the Neo Genesis faction. She also makes appearances for Stardom's sister promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling under its Strong banner, where she is a former Strong Women's Champion.

She was previously a member of the Queen's Quest faction and its third, and assumed de facto, leader until Utami Hayashishita took over the group. She was in the faction for a total of seven years, having joined in February 2017 when she was brought in by Io Shirai until getting exiled in June 2024 after she took the fall in an elimination tag match against Oedo Tai.