hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
D. F. Malan
Daniël François Malan PC  (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈdɑːni.əl franˈsʋɑː mɑːˈlan]; 22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959) was a South African politician who served as the fourth prime minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. The National Party implemented the system of apartheid, which enforced racial segregation laws, during his tenure as prime minister.

J. G. Strijdom
Johannes Gerhardus "Hans" Strijdom (14 July 1893 – 24 August 1958), nicknamed the Lion of the North and the Lion of Waterberg, was a South African politician who served as the fifth prime minister of South Africa from 1954 until his death in 1958. He was an uncompromising Afrikaner nationalist and a member of the white supremacist baasskap faction of the National Party (NP) who further accentuated the NP's apartheid policies and break with the Union of South Africa in favour of a republic during his rule.
Roberts County, Texas
Roberts County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 827, making it the eighth-least populous county in Texas. Its county seat is Miami, which is also the county's only incorporated community. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1889. It is named for Oran Milo Roberts, a governor of Texas. Roberts County is one of three prohibition (entirely dry) counties in the state of Texas.

Gray County, Texas
Gray County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 21,227. The county seat is Pampa. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1902. Gray County is named for Peter W. Gray, a Confederate lawyer and soldier in the American Civil War. Gray County comprises the Pampa, TX micropolitan statistical area.
Truro
Truro (/ˈtrʊəroʊ/ ⓘ; Cornish: Truru) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Cornwall, England. It is the southernmost city in the United Kingdom, and lies 232 miles (373 km) west-south-west of London. It is Cornwall's county town, only city, and a centre for administration, leisure and shopping. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 21,046 and the population of the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which included the Gloweth and Treliske areas in the neighbouring parish of Kenwyn) was 23,060.

Truro grew as a trade centre through its port and as a stannary town for tin mining. It was awarded city status in 1877 following the creation of the Diocese of Truro the previous year. Truro Cathedral was built between 1880 and 1910. Truro is home to Cornwall Council, the Royal Cornwall Museum, the Hall for Cornwall and Cornwall's Courts of Justice. People from Truro are called Truronians.

Penryn, Cornwall
Penryn (/pɛnˈrɪn/; Cornish: Pennrynn, meaning 'promontory') is a civil parish and town in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the Penryn River about 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Falmouth. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 8,489 and the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which extends beyond the parish boundary) had a population of 11,195.

Though now the town is overshadowed by the larger nearby town of Falmouth, Penryn was once an important harbour in its own right, lading granite and tin to be shipped to other parts of the country and world during the medieval period.
Gus Bell
David Russell "Gus" Bell Jr. (November 15, 1928 – May 7, 1995) was an American professional baseball player and scout. He played in Major League Baseball as a center fielder from 1950 to 1964, most prominently as a member of the Cincinnati Reds, where he was a four-time All-Star and a member of Cincinnati's 1961 National League pennant-winning team. Bell had 100 or more runs batted in four times during his Reds career and batted .292 or better six times.

Bell also played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Mets and Milwaukee Braves. He was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame in 1964.

Don Hoak
Donald Albert Hoak (February 5, 1928 – October 9, 1969), nicknamed "Tiger", was an American professional baseball third baseman and coach. He played eleven seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) (1954–1964) for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Redlegs, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Justo José de Urquiza
Justo José de Urquiza y García (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxusto xoˈse ðe wɾˈkisa]; October 18, 1801 – April 11, 1870) was an Argentine general and politician who served as president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860.

Bartolomé Mitre
Bartolomé Mitre (26 June 1821 – 19 January 1906) was an Argentine general, statesman and author. He was President of Argentina from 1862 to 1868 and the first president of unified Argentina.

Mitre is known as a versatile statesman, military man, politician, journalist, historian, writer and poet. He was a major figure in the history of Argentina during the second half of the 19th century.

He was the figure that best characterized liberalism in Argentina, but he was a moderate and flexible liberal, not dogmatic.
Éowyn
Éowyn (/ˈeɪoʊwɪn/ or /ˈeɪoʊwuːn/) is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. She is a noblewoman of Rohan who describes herself as a shieldmaiden. With the hobbit Merry Brandybuck, she rides into battle and kills the Witch-King of Angmar, Lord of the Nazgûl, in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields. This fulfils the Macbeth-like prophecy that he would not be killed by a man.

Éowyn's brief courtship by Faramir has been seen by scholars as influenced by Tolkien's experience of war brides from the First World War. She has been seen, too, as one of the few strong female characters in the story, especially as interpreted in Peter Jackson's film trilogy, where her role, played by Miranda Otto, is far more romantic than Tolkien made her.

Arwen
Arwen Undómiel is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. She appears in the novel The Lord of the Rings. Arwen is one of the half-elven who lived during the Third Age; her father was Elrond half-elven, lord of the Elvish sanctuary of Rivendell, while her mother was the Elf Celebrían, daughter of the Elf-queen Galadriel, ruler of Lothlórien. She marries the Man Aragorn, who becomes King of Arnor and Gondor.

In Peter Jackson's film adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, Arwen is played by Liv Tyler. She plays a more active role in the film than in the book, personally rescuing the Hobbit Frodo from the Black Riders at the Fords of Bruinen (a role played by Glorfindel in the book).
Franz Kline
Franz Kline (May 23, 1910 – May 13, 1962) was an American painter. He is associated with the Abstract Expressionist movement of the 1940s and 1950s. Kline, along with other action painters like Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Robert Motherwell, John Ferren, and Lee Krasner, as well as local poets, dancers, and musicians, came to be known as the informal group, the New York School. Although he explored the same innovations to painting as the other artists in this group, Kline's work is distinct in itself and has been revered since the 1950s.

Elaine de Kooning
Elaine Marie Catherine de Kooning (/də ˈkuːnɪŋ/ də KOO-ning, Dutch: [də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; née Fried; March 12, 1918 – February 1, 1989) was an Abstract Expressionist and Figurative Expressionist painter in the post-World War II era. She wrote extensively on the art of the period and was an editorial associate for Art News magazine.
Magatama
Magatama (勾玉; less often 曲玉) are curved, comma-shaped beads that appeared in prehistoric Japan from the Final Jōmon period through the Kofun period, approximately 1000 BCE to the 6th century CE. The beads, also described as jewels, were made of stone and earthen materials in the early period, but by the end of the Kofun period were made almost exclusively of jade. Magatama originally served as decorative jewelry, but by the end of the Kofun period functioned as ceremonial and religious objects.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Dexter Fowler
William Dexter Fowler (born March 22, 1986) is an American former professional baseball center fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Colorado Rockies, Houston Astros, Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals, and Los Angeles Angels. He participated in the 2008 Summer Olympics as a member of the United States national baseball team and won the World Series with the Cubs in 2016. He led all MLB players with 72 triples during the 2010s.

Addison Russell
Addison Wayne Russell (born January 23, 1994) is an American professional baseball shortstop for the Piratas de Campeche of the Mexican League. Russell was drafted 11th overall by the Oakland Athletics in the 2012 Major League Baseball draft. He was traded to the Chicago Cubs in 2014. In 2015, Baseball America listed Russell as the third-best prospect in professional baseball. He made his MLB debut with the Cubs in April 2015 and was an All-Star in 2016. That same year, Russell won the World Series with the Cubs. He has previously played in the KBO League for the Kiwoom Heroes.
Brampton Honey Badgers
The Brampton Honey Badgers are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Brampton, Ontario, that competes in the Canadian Elite Basketball League. They play their games at the CAA Centre. The team was founded in 2018 as the Hamilton Honey Badgers and played at the FirstOntario Centre in Hamilton, Ontario from their inaugural season in 2019 until 2022.

Saskatoon Mamba
The Saskatoon Mamba is a Canadian professional basketball team based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Formerly known as the Saskatchewan Rattlers, the team competes in the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL), playing shared home games at the SaskTel Centre and Merlis Belsher Place.

Saskatchewan hosted the CEBL's inaugural Championship Weekend in 2019, during which the team captured the league's first championship.
Battle of Lincoln (1217)
The Second Battle of Lincoln occurred at Lincoln Castle on Saturday 20 May 1217, during the First Barons' War, between the forces of the future Louis VIII of France and those of King Henry III of England. Louis's forces were attacked by a relief force under the command of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke. Thomas, Count of Perche, commanding the French troops, was killed and Louis was expelled from his base in the southeast of England. The looting that took place afterwards is known as the "Lincoln Fair". The citizens of Lincoln were loyal to Louis so Henry's forces sacked the city.

Battle of Sandwich (1217)
51°16′30″N 1°25′12″E﻿ / ﻿51.275°N 1.420°E﻿ / 51.275; 1.420
The Battle of Sandwich, also called the Battle of Dover took place on 24 August 1217 as part of the First Barons' War. A Plantagenet English fleet commanded by Hubert de Burgh attacked a Capetian French fleet led by Eustace the Monk and Robert of Courtenay off Sandwich, Kent. The English captured the French flagship and most of the supply vessels, forcing the rest of the French fleet to return to Calais.

The French fleet was attempting to bring supplies and reinforcements to Prince Louis, later King Louis VIII of France, whose French forces held London at that time. The English vessels attacked from windward, seizing Eustace's ship, making Robert and the knights prisoner and killing the rest of the crew. Eustace, a notorious pirate, was executed after being taken prisoner. The battle convinced Prince Louis to abandon his effort to conquer England and the Treaty of Lambeth was signed a few weeks later.
USS Block Island (CVE-21)
USS Block Island (CVE-21/AVG-21/ACV-21) was a Bogue-class escort carrier for the United States Navy during World War II. She was the first of two escort carriers named after Block Island Sound off Rhode Island and was the only American carrier sunk in the Atlantic during the war.

Originally classified AVG-21, she became ACV-21 on 20 August 1942, and CVE-21 on 15 July 1943. She was named after Block Island, an island in Rhode Island east of New York.

German submarine U-549
German submarine U-549 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 28 September 1942 at the Deutsche Werft yard in Hamburg, launched on 28 April 1943, and commissioned on 14 July 1943 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Detlev Krankenhagen. After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla at Stettin, the U-boat was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 January 1944.
Kudo (wrestler)
Atsushi Kudo (工藤 敦, Kudō Atsushi) is a Japanese professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Kudo (stylized in all capital letters). Signed to the DDT Pro-Wrestling promotion, he is a seven-time KO-D 6-Man Tag Team Champion, while also being a former four-time KO-D Openweight Champion, four-time KO-D Tag Team Champion and the winner of the 2005 and 2011 King of DDT Tournaments. Kudo has also made several trips to the United States, working for various independent promotions including Chikara, Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South (IWA-MS), International Wrestling Cartel (IWC), IWA East Coast and NWA Upstate. He is currently inactive but not officially retired.

Tetsuya Endo (wrestler)
Tetsuya Endo (遠藤 哲哉, Endō Tetsuya; born August 11, 1991) is a Japanese professional wrestler, who has worked for DDT Pro-Wrestling (DDT) since his debut in April 2012. He is a three-time KO-D Openweight Champion and a former four-time KO-D Tag Team Champion. Endo also makes appearances for DDT's sister promotion Pro Wrestling Noah where is a former one-time GHC National Champion.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 2nd Suffolk district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 2nd Suffolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Boston and part of the city of Chelsea in Suffolk County. Democrat Dan Ryan of Charlestown has represented the district since 2015. Candidates for this district seat in the 2020 Massachusetts general election include the incumbent Ryan and Damali Vidot.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's Middlesex and Suffolk district.

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Suffolk district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Suffolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Boston in Suffolk County. Democrat David Biele of South Boston has represented the district since 2019.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Suffolk district.
React (software)
React (also known as React.js or ReactJS) is a free and open-source front-end JavaScript library that aims to make building user interfaces based on components more "seamless". It is maintained by Meta (formerly Facebook) and a community of individual developers and companies. According to the 2025 Stack Overflow Developer Survey, React is one of the most commonly used web technologies.

React can be used to develop single-page, mobile, or server-rendered applications with frameworks like Next.js and React Router. Because React is only concerned with the user interface and rendering components to the DOM, React applications often rely on libraries for routing and other client-side functionality. A key advantage of React is that it only re-renders those parts of the page that have changed, avoiding unnecessary re-rendering of unchanged DOM elements. React is used by an estimated 6% of all websites.

Angular (web framework)
Angular (also referred to as Angular 2+) is a TypeScript-based free and open-source single-page web application framework. It is developed by Google and by a community of individuals and corporations. Angular is a complete rewrite from the same team that built AngularJS. The Angular ecosystem consists of a diverse group of over 1.7 million developers, library authors, and content creators. According to the Stack Overflow Developer Survey, Angular is one of the most commonly used web frameworks.
Paul Hornung
Paul Vernon Hornung (December 23, 1935 – November 13, 2020), nicknamed "the Golden Boy", was an American professional football halfback and kicker who played for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1957 to 1966 (except the 1963 NFL season, for which he was suspended after a scandal involving gambling and associating with gamblers).

He played on teams that won four NFL titles and the first Super Bowl. He is the first Heisman Trophy winner to win the NFL Most Valuable Player award and to be inducted into both the Pro Football Hall of Fame and College Football Hall of Fame. Packers coach Vince Lombardi stated that Hornung was "the greatest player I ever coached".

Hornung was a halfback, quarterback, and kicker. He was an all-around college athlete at the University of Notre Dame, where he played basketball in addition to football.

Alex Karras
Alexander George Karras (July 15, 1935 – October 10, 2012) was an American professional football player, professional wrestler, sportscaster, and actor. He was a four-time Pro Bowl selection playing defensive tackle for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL), where he played from 1958 to 1970. He is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame and was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in the Centennial class.

As an actor, Karras played Mongo in the 1974 comedy film Blazing Saddles. He starred as George Papadopolis, the adoptive father of Webster Long (Emmanuel Lewis),  in the ABC sitcom Webster (1983–1989) alongside his wife Susan Clark.  Karras also had a prominent role in Victor/Victoria, starring Julie Andrews and James Garner.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 12th Plymouth district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 12th Plymouth district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Plymouth County. Democrat Kathy LaNatra of Kingston has represented the district since 2019.

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 10th Plymouth district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 10th Plymouth district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Plymouth County. Democrat Michelle DuBois of Brockton has represented the district since 2015.
Brent Sopel
Brent Bernard Sopel (born January 7, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played the majority of his career in the National Hockey League (NHL). Sopel was originally selected 144th overall at the 1995 NHL entry draft by the Vancouver Canucks. He has also played for the New York Islanders, Los Angeles Kings, Chicago Blackhawks, Atlanta Thrashers and Montreal Canadiens, winning the Stanley Cup in 2010 with Chicago.

In addition to his NHL career, Sopel has also played in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) with Metallurg Novokuznetsk and Salavat Yulaev Ufa, also briefly playing for the American Hockey League (AHL)'s Chicago Wolves before retiring from professional hockey in 2015.

Dustin Byfuglien
Dustin Byfuglien (/ˈbʌflɪn/ BUFF-lin; born March 27, 1985), nicknamed "Big Buff", is an American former professional ice hockey player. He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Atlanta Thrashers, and Winnipeg Jets. Drafted as a defenseman, he played both forward and defense in his career, though he generally played defense in his later seasons. Byfuglien helped Chicago win the Stanley Cup in 2010. Byfuglien was the first Black American-born player to win the Stanley Cup. Byfuglien became a professional fisherman after his hockey career.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 22nd Middlesex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 22nd Middlesex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers the town of Billerica in Middlesex County. Republican Marc Lombardo of Billerica has represented the district since 2011.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's 4th Middlesex district.

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Cambridge and part of Watertown in Middlesex County. Since 2021, Steven Owens of the Democratic Party has represented the district.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Middlesex district and 2nd Suffolk and Middlesex district.
Emperor Murakami
Emperor Murakami (村上天皇, Murakami-tennō; 14 July 924 – 5 July 967) was the 62nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Murakami's reign spanned the years from 946 to his death in 967.

Emperor Reizei
Emperor Reizei (冷泉天皇, Reizei-tennō; June 12, 949 – November 21, 1011) was the 63rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Reizei's reign spanned the years from 967 through 969, ending with his abdication and retirement.
Lim Chin Siong
Lim Chin Siong (Chinese: 林清祥; pinyin: Lín Qīngxiáng; Jyutping: Lam4 Cing1 Coeng4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Chheng-siông; 28 February 1933 – 5 February 1996) was a Singaporean politician and union leader active in Singapore in the 1950s and 1960s. He was one of the founders of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), which has governed the country continuously since independence. Lim also used his popularity to galvanise many trade unions in support of the PAP.

Lim was the youngest Assemblyman in Singapore to be elected. However, Lim's political career was cut short by two detentions without trial after being labelled a communist. The first time was between 1956 and 1959 when he was arrested and detained by the Labour Front government. The second time was between 1963 and 1969 when he was arrested during Operation Coldstore and detained by the PAP government. After attempting suicide in prison, he was released in 1969 on the condition that he forever renounced politics.

Fong Swee Suan
Fong Swee Suan (Chinese: 方水双; pinyin: Fāng Shuǐshuāng; 27 October 1931 – 4 February 2017) was a Singaporean trade unionist, founding member of the People's Action Party (PAP), and a Barisan Sosialis leader.
Emperor Murakami
Emperor Murakami (村上天皇, Murakami-tennō; 14 July 924 – 5 July 967) was the 62nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Murakami's reign spanned the years from 946 to his death in 967.

Emperor Daigo
Emperor Daigo (醍醐天皇, Daigo-tennō; February 6, 884 – October 23, 930) was the 60th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Daigo's reign spanned the years from 897 through 930.  He is named after his place of burial.