hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canyonville, Oregon
Canyonville is a city in Douglas County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, Canyonville had a population of 1,640. The main regional tourist attraction, the Seven Feathers Casino Resort is in Canyonville. The Weaver-Worthington Farmstead, a National Historical Landmark, is located near Canyonville.

Roseburg, Oregon
Roseburg is the most populous city in and the county seat of Douglas County, Oregon. It is located in the Umpqua River Valley in southern Oregon. Founded in 1851, the population was 23,683 at the 2020 census, making it the principal city of the Roseburg, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The community developed along both sides of the South Umpqua River and is traversed by Interstate 5. Traditionally a lumber industry town, Roseburg is the home of Roseburg Forest Products, which now spans across 5 different states and 2 countries.
Battle of South Mountain
The Battle of South Mountain, known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap, was fought on September 14, 1862, as part of the Maryland campaign of the American Civil War. Three pitched battles were fought for possession of three South Mountain passes: Crampton's, Turner's, and Fox's Gaps.

Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, commanding the Union Army of the Potomac, needed to pass through these gaps in his pursuit of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's precariously divided Army of Northern Virginia.

Although the delay bought at South Mountain would allow him to reunite his army and forestall defeat in detail, Lee considered termination of the Maryland Campaign at nightfall.

Battle of White Oak Swamp
The Battle of White Oak Swamp took place on June 30, 1862, in Henrico County, Virginia, as part of the Seven Days Battles (Peninsula Campaign) of the American Civil War. As the Union Army of the Potomac retreated southeast toward the James River, its rearguard under Maj. Gen. William B. Franklin stopped Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's divisions at the White Oak Bridge crossing, resulting in an artillery duel, while the main Battle of Glendale raged two miles (3 km) farther south around Frayser's Farm. White Oak Swamp is generally considered to be part of the larger Glendale engagement. Because of this resistance from Brig. Gen. William B. Franklin's VI Corps, Jackson was prevented from joining the consolidated assault on the Union Army at Glendale that had been ordered by General Robert E. Lee, producing an inconclusive result, but one in which the Union Army avoided destruction and was able to assume a strong defensive position at Malvern Hill.
Wisława Szymborska
Maria Wisława Anna Szymborska (Polish: [viˈswava ʂɨmˈbɔrska]; 2 July 1923 – 1 February 2012) was a Polish poet, essayist, translator, and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Prowent (now part of Kórnik in west-central Poland), she resided in Kraków until the end of her life. In Poland, Szymborska's books have reached sales rivaling prominent prose authors, though she wrote in a poem, "Some Like Poetry" ("Niektórzy lubią poezję"), that "perhaps" two in a thousand people like poetry.

Szymborska was awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature "for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality". She became better known internationally as a result. Her work has been translated into many European languages, as well as into Arabic, Hebrew, Japanese, Persian and Chinese.

Tadeusz Różewicz
Tadeusz Różewicz (9 October 1921 – 24 April 2014) was a Polish poet, playwright, writer, and translator. Różewicz was in the first generation of Polish writers born after Poland regained its independence in 1918, following the century of foreign partitions. He was born in Radomsko, near Łódź, in 1921. He first published his poetry in 1938. During World War II, he served in the Polish underground Home Army. His elder brother, Janusz, also a poet, was executed by the Gestapo in 1944 for serving in the Polish resistance movement. His younger brother, Stanisław, became a noted film director and screenwriter.
Ann Jones (tennis)
Ann Shirley Jones (born Adrianne Haydon; 17 October 1938), also known as Ann Haydon-Jones, is an English former tennis and table tennis champion. She won eight Grand Slam tennis championships in her career: three in singles, three in women's doubles and two in mixed doubles. In 2023, she served as a vice president of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club.

Christine Truman
Christine Clara Truman Janes (born 16 January 1941) is a former tennis player from the United Kingdom who was active from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s. She won a singles Grand Slam title at the French Championships in 1959 and was a finalist at Wimbledon and the U.S. Championships. She helped Great Britain win the Wightman Cup in 1958, 1960 and 1968.
European robin
The European robin (Erithacus rubecula), known simply as the robin or robin redbreast in the British Isles, is a small insectivorous passerine bird belonging to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is found across Europe, as far east as Western Siberia, and as far south as North Africa. It is sedentary in the west and south of its range, and migratory in the north and east of its range where winters are harsher.

It is 12.5–14.0 cm (4.9–5.5 in) in length. The male and female are identical in plumage, with an orange-toned red breast and face lined with grey, brown upper-parts and a whitish belly. Juveniles are distinct, being freckled brown all over and lacking the red breast. First-winter immatures resemble the adults, except they have more obvious yellow-brown tips to the wing covert feathers, which are inconspicuous or absent in adults.

European greenfinch
The European greenfinch or simply the greenfinch (Chloris chloris) is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae.

This bird is widespread throughout Europe, North Africa and Southwest Asia. It is mainly resident, but some of the populations from the far north migrate further south. The greenfinch has also been introduced into Australia, New Zealand, Uruguay, and Argentina.
Allen Bestwick
Allen Bestwick (born September 24, 1961) is an American sportscaster. Known for his work covering NASCAR for NBC and ESPN, he is one of the lead track announcers at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway along with Dave Calabro and was the lead broadcaster for the Superstar Racing Experience racing series. He is the lead play-by-play voice for University of Connecticut women's basketball telecasts for SNY.

Dave Burns (sportscaster)
David Burns (born 1963) is an American sportscaster who works for NASCAR on NBC as a pit reporter for the NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series as well as a substitute play-by-play on standalone Xfinity Series races. He has been a motorsports analyst for over 25 years and counting.
Shane Lechler
Edward Shane Lechler (/ˈlɛklər/; born August 7, 1976) is an American former professional football player who played as a punter for 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies and was selected by the Oakland Raiders in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL draft.

Regarded as one of the greatest punters in NFL history, Lechler was named an All-Pro nine times during his career, and made seven Pro Bowls. He led the league in punting average five times and was the NFL's all-time leader in career punting average for nearly two decades. Lechler was one of two punters named to the NFL 100th Anniversary All-Time Team, along with Hall of Famer Ray Guy.

Sebastian Janikowski
Sebastian Paweł Janikowski (Polish pronunciation: [sɛˈbastjan jaɲiˈkɔfskʲi]; born March 2, 1978) is a Polish former professional football placekicker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 19 seasons, primarily with the Oakland Raiders. He played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and was selected 17th overall in the 2000 NFL draft by the Raiders. During his final season, Janikowski played for the Seattle Seahawks.

One of only five NFL kickers to be selected in the first round of an NFL draft, Janikowski is the Raiders' all-time leading scorer and appeared in more games with the franchise than any other player. He also tied the then-NFL record for the longest successful field goal at 63 yards, which is the sixth-longest in league history.
Nordland
Nordland (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈnûːrlɑn] ⓘ; Lule Sami: Nordlánnda, Southern Sami: Nordlaante, Northern Sami: Nordlánda, lit. 'Northland') is one of the three northernmost counties in Norway in the Northern Norway region, bordering Troms in the north, Trøndelag in the south, Norrbotten County in Sweden to the east, Västerbotten County to the south-east, and the Atlantic Ocean (Norwegian Sea) to the west. The county was formerly known as Nordlandene amt. The county administration is in the town of Bodø. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen has been administered from Nordland since 1995. In the southern part of the county is Vega, listed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.

Beiarn Municipality
Beiarn is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. Beiarn is also a part of the Bodø Region, a statistical metropolitan region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Moldjord. Other villages in Beiarn are Høyforsmoen, Trones, and Tverrvika.

The 1,222-square-kilometre (472 sq mi) municipality is the 88th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Beiarn Municipality is the 333rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,062. The municipality's population density is 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Greenock
Greenock (/ˈɡriːnək/ ⓘ; Scots: Greenock; Scottish Gaelic: Grianaig, pronounced [ˈkɾʲiənɛkʲ]) is a town in Inverclyde, Scotland, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. The town is the administrative centre of Inverclyde Council. It is a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, and forms part of a contiguous urban area with Gourock to the west and Port Glasgow to the east.

The 2022 Census for Scotland showed that Greenock had a population of 42,870, a decrease from the 44,248 recorded in the 2011 UK Census. It lies on the south bank of the Clyde at the "Tail of the Bank" where the River Clyde deepens into the Firth of Clyde.

Cappielow
Cappielow, also known as Cappielow Park supported by Dalrada Technology UK for sponsorship reasons, is a football stadium in Greenock, Inverclyde, Scotland. It is the home ground of Scottish Professional Football League club Greenock Morton, who have played there since 1879. It has a capacity of 11,589, including 5,741 seats. The ground was also shared by Clydebank between 1999 and 2002. Cappielow has staged one full international match, Scotland against Wales in 1902.
Malaysia FA Cup
The Malaysia FA Cup (Malay: Piala FA) is an annual football competition in Malaysia, established in 1990. It was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before being transferred to the Malaysian Football League in the 2016 season.

The winners of the competition are awarded a slot in the AFC Champions League Two. The current title holders are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their fifth title in 2025.

Perak F.C.
Perak Football Club was a professional football club based in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. Founded in 1921, it was one of the oldest football clubs in the country and last competed in the Malaysia Super League. Formerly overseen by the Perak Football Association, the club turned professional in 1994 and was privatised in 2021. Known as The Bos Gaurus, Perak played its home matches at Perak Stadium until its dissolution in 2025.
Jaba, Nigeria
Jaba Listenⓘ
is a Local Government Area in southern Kaduna State, Nigeria. It covers an area of 531 km2. It is located close to the Jos Plateau region and Abuja in the central part of Nigeria in West Africa. The local government capital is in the town of Kwoi. The postal code of the area is 801. The Chairman of the local government oversee both economic and developmental activities in the area.

Kagarko
Kagarko (Tinɔr: Wɔgɔŋ or Wogong) is a Local Government Area in southern Kaduna State of Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Kagarko. It has an area of 2,356 km2 and a population of 239,058 at the 2006 census. The Local Government Council is chaired by Nasara Rabo. The postal code is 802.
Newsnight
Newsnight is the BBC's news and current affairs television programme, providing in-depth investigation and analysis of the stories behind the day's headlines. It is broadcast weeknights at 10:30 on BBC Two and the BBC News channel; it is also available on BBC iPlayer. The programme is currently presented by Victoria Derbyshire, Paddy O'Connell and Matt Chorley.

Politics Show
Politics Show is an hour-long BBC One television political programme which was broadcast in the United Kingdom on Sundays between 2 February 2003 and 11 December 2011, broadcasting usually at midday.

Politics Show was superseded by Sunday Politics, a weekend version of Daily Politics, which retains some of the elements of the former show.
William Contreras
William Jesus Contreras (born December 24, 1997) is a Venezuelan professional baseball catcher for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Atlanta Braves.

Contreras signed with the Braves organization in 2015 and made his major league debut on Opening Day in 2020. Contreras was a member of the 2021 World Series champions and was named an All-Star in 2022. The Braves traded Contreras to the Brewers after the 2022 season, where he was awarded the Silver Slugger Award twice in 2023 and 2024 and named to his second All-Star Game in 2024.

Joel Payamps
Joel Elias Payamps (born April 7, 1994) is a Dominican professional baseball pitcher for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Toronto Blue Jays, Kansas City Royals, Oakland Athletics, and Milwaukee Brewers.
Intuitionistic type theory
Intuitionistic type theory (also known as constructive type theory, or Martin-Löf type theory (MLTT)) is a type theory and an alternative foundation of mathematics.
Intuitionistic type theory was created by Per Martin-Löf, a Swedish mathematician and philosopher, who first published it in 1972. There are multiple versions of the type theory: Martin-Löf proposed both intensional and extensional variants of the theory and early impredicative versions, shown to be inconsistent by Girard's paradox, gave way to predicative versions. However, all versions keep the core design of constructive logic using dependent types.

Calculus of constructions
In mathematical logic and computer science, the calculus of constructions (CoC) is a type theory created by Thierry Coquand. It can serve as both a typed programming language and as constructive foundation for mathematics. For this second reason, the CoC and its variants have been the basis for Rocq and other proof assistants.

Some of its variants include the calculus of inductive constructions (which adds inductive types), the calculus of (co)inductive constructions (which adds coinduction), and the predicative calculus of inductive constructions (which removes some impredicativity).
List of drugs: B
This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and  generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names.

See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales.

Abbreviations are used in the list as follows:

INN = International nonproprietary name

BAN = British Approved Name

USAN = United States Adopted Name

Two-letter codes for countries

Lists of drugs
1–9 |
A | B |
C | D |
E | F |
G | H |
I | J |
K | L |
M | N |
O | P |
Q | R |
S | T |
U | V |
W | X |
Y | Z

Ba | Be | Bi–Bo | Br | Bs–Bz

List of drugs: H
This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and  generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names.

See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales.

Abbreviations are used in the list as follows:

INN = International nonproprietary name

BAN = British Approved Name

USAN = United States Adopted Name

Two-letter codes for countries

Lists of drugs
1–9 |
A | B |
C | D |
E | F |
G | H |
I | J |
K | L |
M | N |
O | P |
Q | R |
S | T |
U | V |
W | X |
Y | Z

Ha–He | Hf–Hz
Little yellow-shouldered bat
The little yellow-shouldered bat (Sturnira lilium) is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a frugivore and an effective seed disperser.

It roosts alone in tree cavities, on branches, vines, and under palm leaves, usually keeping to the same roosts day to day. There is evidence to suggest hypothermia is a  thermoregulatory strategy to help adjust metabolic levels. Ambient temperature has been noted as a greater influence on mating than food availability. Its wing shape can also be affected by pregnancy in order to make flight more efficient.

Davies's big-eared bat
Davies's big-eared bat or the graybeard bat (Glyphonycteris daviesi) is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is named after James (Jim) Noel Davies (B. 1936) who discovered it whilst on an expedition in Guyana. This was the Cambridge University expedition to the rainforest reserve near Bartica in what was then British Guiana, South America. This species can weigh 30 grams and has a wingspan of up to 50cm.  It is bigger than most micronycteris bats with a fierce disposition. A small frog was found in the stomach of a specimen, and the bat is strong-willed enough to chew its way out of a cloth bag.

The species is found across the tropical regions of Central America and South America; including Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.  It is recorded (2021) in the Eponym Dictionary, published by Johns Hopkins University of Baltimore USA.
Dick Johnson (racing driver)
Richard Johnson (born 26 April 1945) is a part-owner of the V8 Supercar team Dick Johnson Racing and a former racing driver.  As a driver, he was a five-time Australian Touring Car Champion and a three-time winner of the Bathurst 1000. As of 2008 Johnson has claimed over twenty awards and honours, including the V8 Supercars Hall of Fame into which he was inducted in 2001.

In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, Richard "Dick" Johnson was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for his role as a "sports legend".

Ford Falcon (XE)
The Ford Falcon (XE) is a full-size car that was produced by Ford Australia from 1982 until 1984. It was the second iteration of the fourth generation of the Falcon and also included the Ford Fairmont (XE)—the luxury-oriented version.
Stuart Restoration
The Stuart Restoration was the reinstatement in May 1660 of the Stuart monarchy in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It replaced the Commonwealth of England, established in January 1649 after the execution of Charles I, with his son Charles II. The Commonwealth of England had been governed by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and then his son Richard Cromwell.

The term is also used to describe the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), and sometimes that of his younger brother James II (1685–1688).

John Bradshaw (judge)
John Bradshaw (12 July 1602 – 31 October 1659) was an English jurist who was President of the High Court of Justice for the trial of Charles I and the first Lord President of the Council of State of the English Commonwealth.
Dick Johnson (racing driver)
Richard Johnson (born 26 April 1945) is a part-owner of the V8 Supercar team Dick Johnson Racing and a former racing driver.  As a driver, he was a five-time Australian Touring Car Champion and a three-time winner of the Bathurst 1000. As of 2008 Johnson has claimed over twenty awards and honours, including the V8 Supercars Hall of Fame into which he was inducted in 2001.

In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, Richard "Dick" Johnson was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for his role as a "sports legend".

Robbie Francevic
Robert James Francevic (born Franičević on 18 September 1941 in Auckland, New Zealand) is a retired racing driver who featured prominently in New Zealand and Australia during the 1970s and 1980s. His biggest wins were the inaugural Wellington 500 street race in Wellington, New Zealand in 1985 driving a Volvo 240T, and the 1986 Australian Touring Car Championship, also in a 240T. Francevic's win in the 1986 ATCC was the first and only ATCC win by a non-Australian resident.
Roberts County, South Dakota
Roberts County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,280. Its county seat is Sisseton. The county was named for S. G. Roberts of Fargo, North Dakota. It was created on March 8, 1883, and fully organized by August 6 of that year. Its boundary was altered once, in 1885.

Day County, South Dakota
Day County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,449. Its county seat is Webster. The county is named for Merritt H. Day, pioneer and 1879 Dakota Territory legislator.
Ben Curtis (golfer)
Ben Clifford Curtis (born May 26, 1977) is an American professional golfer and four-time winner on the PGA Tour, best known for winning the 2003 Open Championship.

In January 2018, Curtis told Golf Digest that he has stopped playing golf competitively, opting to teach instead.

Nick Faldo
Sir Nicholas Alexander Faldo (born 18 July 1957) is an English retired professional golfer and television commentator. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, he was renowned for his dedication to the game, and was ranked No. 1 on the Official World Golf Ranking for a total of 97 weeks. His 41 professional wins include 30 victories on the European Tour and six major championships: three Open Championships (1987, 1990, 1992) and three Masters (1989, 1990, 1996).

Faldo has since become a television commentator for major golf championships. In 2006, he became the lead golf analyst for CBS Sports. In 2012, Faldo joined the BBC Sport on-air team for coverage of the Open Championship.
Gillian Taylforth
Gillian Taylforth (born 14 August 1955) is an English actress who is best known as Kathy Beale in EastEnders (1985-2000, 2015- present), Jackie Pascoe in Footballers' Wives (2002–2006) and Sergeant Nikki Wright in The Bill (2006–2008). She has also appeared in film during her early career, presented on Loose Women and appeared as a contestant on Strictly Come Dancing in 2008.

In January 2013, she was a contestant in Celebrity Big Brother. Later that year, she began portraying Sandy Roscoe on the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, making her final appearance in January 2015. Despite her EastEnders character being presumed dead after being killed off-screen in 2006, Taylforth made a shock return to the show in February 2015 as part of the 30th anniversary episode. The BBC later confirmed that she would reprise the role of Kathy permanently later in the year and she has appeared regularly from August 2015.

Diane Parish
Diane Carol Richards (born 6 November 1969), known professionally as Diane Parish, is an English actress, who has been portraying the character Denise Fox on the BBC One soap opera EastEnders since 2006.

A graduate of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, Parish has acted on British television for over two decades. She has appeared in a number of TV shows over the years, including the ITV dramas The Bill and M.I.T.: Murder Investigation Team playing Detective Eva Sharpe. She is also known for appearing in two series of the BBC One comedy drama Lovejoy (1993–1994).