hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crawford AuSable School District
Crawford AuSable School District is a public school district in Northern Michigan. In Crawford County, it serves Grayling and the townships of Frederic, Grayling, Lovells, and Maple Forest and part of the township of Beaver Creek. It also serves part of Bear Lake Township in Kalkaska County and part of Otsego Lake Township in Otsego County.

Grayling, Michigan
Grayling (/ˈɡreɪlɪŋ/ GRAY-ling) is a city in and the county seat of Crawford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the only incorporated community in Crawford County. As of the 2020 census, Grayling had a population of 1,867. The city is surrounded by Grayling Charter Township, but the two are administered autonomously.

The city is located in the middle of the Northern Michigan region at the junctions of Interstate 75, U.S. Route 127, M-72, and M-93.  Grayling is well known for hosting the Au Sable River Canoe Marathon in July of every year since 1947. The city is named after the grayling species of fish once abundant in the Au Sable River, although the species has been extirpated in Michigan since 1936. There have been many attempts to bring grayling back to the area but none have been successful.
2021 FIFA Arab Cup squads
The 2021 FIFA Arab Cup was an international football tournament held in Qatar from 30 November to 18 December 2021. The 16 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers, selected from an initial provisional list of 35 players. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.

The position listed for each player is per the official squad list published by FIFA. The age listed for each player is on 30 November 2021, the first day of the tournament. The numbers of caps and goals listed for each player do not include any matches played after the start of the tournament. The club listed is the club for which the player last played a competitive match prior to the tournament. The nationality for each club reflects the national association (not the league) to which the club is affiliated. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team.

Moataz Yaseen
Moataz Yaseen Mahjoub Al-Fityani (Arabic: معتز ياسين محجوب الفتياني; born 3 November 1982) is a Jordanian retired footballer who last played as a goalkeeper for Al-Salt and the Jordan national football team.
Pine Ridge, Kentucky
Pine Ridge is an unincorporated community in Wolfe County, Kentucky, United States.  It lies along Route 15 northwest of the city of Campton, the county seat of Wolfe County.  Its elevation is 1,266 feet (386 m).  The community has a ZIP code of 41360.

Kentucky Route 15
Kentucky Route 15 begins at a junction of US 119/Corridor F & Business KY 15 in Whitesburg, and terminates in Winchester at US 60. It is a major route, connecting the coalfields of the Cumberland Plateau with Lexington and other cities in the Bluegrass region. The segment from Whitesburg to KY 15 at Campton, which in turn connects to the Mountain Parkway near the town, is also the primary part of Corridor I of the Appalachian Development Highway System.
The Last of England
The Last of England refers to:

The Last of England (painting), a painting by Ford Madox Brown

The Last of England (film), a Derek Jarman film, whose title was inspired by the Madox Brown painting

The Last of England (book), a 1970 book of poetry by Peter Porter

The Last of England (film)
The Last of England is a 1987 British arthouse film directed by Derek Jarman and starring Tilda Swinton.

It is a poetic depiction of what Jarman felt was the loss of traditional English culture in the 1980s and his anger about Thatcher's England, including the formation of Section 28 of the Local Government Act. It is named after The Last of England, a painting by Ford Madox Brown.

Jarman wrote a book, with the same title, to accompany the film.
Battle of Metaxades
The Battle of Metaxades was a part of the Greek Civil War and took place in the village of Metaxades, Evros from 15 to 20 May 1949, between the Greek Army and the Democratic Army of Greece in the area between the two hills of the village. This battle was the last attempt of the Democratic Army to operate outside the fortified groups in Grammos and Vitsi. It was the biggest and bloodiest battle in the prefecture of Evros.

Gramos
Gramos (Greek: Γράμος or Γράμμος; Albanian: Gramoz, Mali i Gramozit; Aromanian: Gramosta, Gramusta, Yramos or Yramustea) is a mountain chain situated on the border of Albania and Greece. Part of the larger northern Pindus mountain range, its highest peak, Maja e Çukapeçit, rises at an elevation of 2,523 m (8,278 ft).
Elkhart
Elkhart is the name of several places in U.S.A.:

Elkhart, Illinois

Elkhart, Indiana

Elkhart, Iowa

Elkhart, Kansas

Elkhart, Texas

Elkhart County, Indiana

Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin

Elkhart River, Indiana

Elkhart, Iowa
Elkhart is a city in Elkhart Township, Polk County, Iowa, United States. The population was 882 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Des Moines–West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Touch a Hand, Make a Friend
"Touch a Hand, Make a Friend" is a song written by Homer Banks, Raymond Jackson and Carl Hampton, and first recorded by The Staple Singers for their  album Be What You Are.  It was one of The Staple Singers most successful singles and peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot Soul Singles chart and number 23 on its Hot 100 chart in 1973. The single also reached number 27 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.

Homer Banks
Homer Banks (August 2, 1941 – April 3, 2003) was an American songwriter, singer and record producer.  Although best known by many for his songwriting for Stax Records in the 1960s and 1970s, some of his own releases from the 1960s are considered classics on the Northern Soul scene.  Many of the songs he wrote have become contemporary classics.
Joseph Michaels
Joseph Michaels (3 December 1915 – 5 December 2001) was an American soccer player. He made three appearances for United States men's national soccer team between 1937 and 1947.

Michaels first played for the national team in a 7–3 loss to Mexico on September 19, 1937.  His second game was another blowout loss, 5–1, to Mexico six days later. Then,The U.S. did not play an international game for nearly ten years. In 1947, Michaels club team, Ponta Delgada S.C. won both the National Challenge Cup and National Amateur Cup. Based on these results, the U.S. Soccer Federation selected Ponta Delgada to represent the United States at the 1947 NAFC Championship. Consequently, Michaels played in the July 20, 1947, 5–2 loss to Cuba. This gave Michaels the U.S. record for the longest gap between national team games: nine years, nine months and twenty-four days.

National Amateur Cup
The National Amateur Cup, also known as the USASA Amateur Cup, is an American knockout soccer competition open to all amateur teams affiliated with the United States Soccer Federation through United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA). The National Amateur Cup began in 1923 in response to the number of teams applying to play in the National Challenge Cup. The winner of the men's National Amateur Cup tournament is awarded the Fritz Marth Cup and an entry into the U.S. Open Cup.
Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease
Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD), or simply enhanced respiratory disease (ERD), is an adverse event where an exacerbated course of respiratory disease occurs with higher incidence in the vaccinated population than in the control group. It is a barrier against vaccine development that can lead to its failure.

Immunologically, VAERD is characterized with an exaggerated Th2 response and eosinophilic pulmonary infiltrations. It may result from antibody-mediated complement activation followed by weak neutralization.

Historical instances of the phenomenon were seen in vaccine candidates for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), SARS-CoV, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and some influenza strains. Thus, COVID-19 vaccine clinical research involved monitoring for VAERD because the vaccine target, SARS-CoV-2, belongs to the same viral subfamily as SARS-CoV and MERS. The effect was not shown in phase III clinical trials for Tozinameran or for the Moderna vaccine.

Helper T cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines. They are considered essential in B cell antibody class switching, breaking cross-tolerance in dendritic cells, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. CD4+ cells are mature Th cells that express the surface protein CD4. Genetic variation in regulatory elements expressed by CD4+ cells determines susceptibility to a broad class of autoimmune diseases.
Thomas Irwin (Canadian politician)
Thomas James Irwin (21 June 1889 – 15 May 1962) was a Canadian politician serving in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia and the House of Commons of Canada.

Irwin was born in Dumbarton, Scotland and became a farmer by trade. He was elected to the BC legislature in the 1952 provincial election at the Delta electoral district as a provincial Social Credit candidate. He was re-elected there for two more terms in the 1953 and 1956 provincial elections. From 1953 to 1957, he served as Speaker of the Assembly.

He was first elected at the Burnaby—Richmond riding in the 1957 general election as a Social Credit party member of Parliament. He served only one term there, the 23rd Canadian Parliament, after which he was defeated by John Drysdale of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1958 election. He was unsuccessful in his attempt to return to the BC Legislature in the 1960 provincial election.

Social Credit Party of Canada
The Social Credit Party of Canada (French: Parti Crédit social du Canada), colloquially known as the Socreds, was a populist political party in Canada that promoted social credit theories of monetary reform. It was the federal wing of the Canadian social credit movement.
Puncture (topology)
In topology, puncturing a manifold is removing a finite set of points from that manifold. The set of points can be small as a single point. In this case, the manifold is known as once-punctured. With the removal of a second point, it becomes twice-punctured, and so on.

Examples of punctured manifolds include the open disk (which is a sphere with a single puncture), the cylinder (which is a sphere with two punctures), and the Möbius strip (which is a projective plane with a single puncture).

Disk (mathematics)
In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not.

For a radius , an open disk is usually denoted as , and a closed disk is . However in the field of topology the closed disk is usually denoted as , while the open disk is .
Kultarr
The kultarr (Antechinomys laniger) (also called the "jerboa-marsupial" or marsupial jerboa) is a small insectivorous nocturnal marsupial inhabiting the arid interior of Australia. Preferred habitat includes stony deserts, shrubland, woodland, grassland and open plains. The kultarr has a range of adaptations to help cope with Australia's harsh arid environment including torpor similar to hibernation that helps conserve energy. The species has declined across its former range since European settlement due to changes in land management practices and introduced predators.

Estrous cycle
The estrous cycle (from Latin  oestrus 'frenzy', originally from Ancient Greek  οἶστρος (oîstros) 'gadfly') is a set of recurring physiological changes induced by reproductive hormones in females of mammalian subclass Theria. Estrous cycles start after sexual maturity in females and are interrupted by anestrous phases, otherwise known as "rest" phases, or by pregnancies. Typically, estrous cycles repeat until death. These cycles are widely variable in duration and frequency depending on the species. Some animals may display bloody vaginal discharge, often mistaken for menstruation. Many mammals used in commercial agriculture, such as cattle and sheep, may have their estrous cycles artificially controlled with hormonal medications for optimum productivity. The male equivalent, seen primarily in ruminants, is called rut.
Pio (surname)
Pio is the surname of:

Angelo Piò (1690–1770), Italian sculptor

Antonio Pio (composer) (1753–1795), Italian composer

Antonio Pio (painter) (1809–1871), Italian painter

Domenico Piò (1715–1801), Italian sculptor, son of Angelo Piò

Emmanuel Pío (born 1988), Argentine footballer

Iørn Piø (1927–1998), Danish folklorist, historian and archivist

Louis Pio (1841–1894), one of the founders of the organized worker's movement in Denmark and principal founder of the Danish Social Democratic Party

Teodoro Pio (died 1561), Italian Roman Catholic bishop

Antonio Pio (composer)
Antonio Pio (1753 in Ravenna – 1795) was an Italian composer. He spent several years in St. Petersburg as a music teacher at the Russian court, following Paisiello and Cimarosa. His oratorio Gionata was composed for a festival of the Virgin Mary in his home town in 1779.
James Latimer Hogin
James Latimer Hogin (7 March 1801 – 7 December 1876) was an American politician.

Hogin was born in Kent County, Delaware, on 7 March 1801 and was trained as a shoemaker.

He moved to Brookville, Indiana, in March 1819, and married Wellsburg, Virginia native Eliza J. Crouch on 3 September 1822. The couple's children included a son, John Chrisfield Hogin. Father and son moved to Indianapolis in 1832 to start a business. From 1845, they were residents of Danville, Iowa. Later, the family settled in Sigourney, Iowa.

Hogin was elected to the Iowa Senate as a Whig in 1854. He represented District 13 until 1856, when he was redistricted to District 15 and joined the Republican Party. Hogin stepped down from the state senate in January 1858.

Hogin was an active Freemason and held several positions within the Grand Lodge of Iowa. He was elected Grand Master in 1854.

Hogin died on 7 December 1876.

Iowa Masonic Library and Museum
The Iowa Masonic Library and Museum, located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States, is one of the largest Masonic libraries in the world and incorporates at least three museum collections. The library was the first, worldwide, to have its own building, which was constructed in 1884. Its current building, constructed in 1955, also houses the administrative offices for the Grand Lodge of Iowa, one of the governing bodies for Freemasonry in Iowa.
Carl Poscha
Carl Francis Poscha (20 May 1965 – 7 April 2008) was a part-time rally driver and lorry driver from Glan Conwy in Wales.

Poscha was twice married and a rally enthusiast, who travelled to Finland with his navigator Ray Hotty in August 2001 to compete in the WRC Rally Finland in a Citroën Saxo VTS. The duo's rally ended after an accident.

On 7 April 2008, Poscha committed suicide by hanging, aged 42, in a barn in Dolgellau. The inquest that was held into his death ruled a verdict of suicide.

Glan Conwy
Llansanffraid Glan Conwy (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬansanˈfrai̯d ˌɡlan ˈkɔnʊɨ̯]), usually shortened to Glan Conwy, is a village, community and electoral ward in Conwy County Borough, Wales. The name translates from the Welsh as Church of St Ffraid on the bank of the River Conwy. The village was founded in the 5th century and in the past had a marine-based economy, but it is now largely residential. The population was 2,290 in 2001, reducing to 2,196 at the 2011 census. It includes the village of Pentrefelin.
Michael Blair
Michaelangelo Christopher Blair (born November 23, 1974) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cincinnati Bengals and Green Bay Packers in 1998.  He played college football for the Ball State Cardinals. His Bengals career totaled three games, and he played 11 games for the Packers. Finishing his NFL career with 3 rushing attempts for 7 yards, and 3 catches for 20 yards. In 2001, he played for the New York/New Jersey Hitmen in the XFL. He also played for the Carolina Cobras in the Arena Football League.

Blair attended Ball State University, where he played on the 1996 Cardinals Las Vegas Bowl team.

In 2006 Blair played a football player in We Are Marshall starring Matthew McConaughey and The Game Plan starring Dwayne "Rock" Johnson. In 2007, he became a TJ or Travel Journalist for 5 Takes:Latin America on the Travel Channel.

We Are Marshall
We Are Marshall is a 2006 American biographical sports drama film directed by McG. It depicts the aftermath of the 1970 plane crash that killed 75 people: 37 players of the Marshall University Thundering Herd football team, five coaches, two athletic trainers, the athletic director, 25 boosters, and the airplane crew of five.

Matthew McConaughey stars as head coach Jack Lengyel, with Matthew Fox as assistant coach William "Red" Dawson, David Strathairn as university president Donald Dedmon, and Robert Patrick as ill-fated Marshall head coach Rick Tolley. Then-governor of Georgia Sonny Perdue has a cameo role as an East Carolina University football coach.

It was scored by Christophe Beck and written by Jamie Linden. The film addressed rebuilding the program and the healing that the community undergoes. Dr. H. Keith Spears was the Marshall University consultant.
Argyromanis
Argyromanis ("silver spirit"; the root -manis is frequently used in pangolins) is an extinct species of mammal of unknown affinities that lived in Argentina during the Miocene. It was described by prolific Argentine paleontologist Florentino Ameghino in 1904 on the basis of a single left astragalus (under specimen number MACN A-11687) that had been unearthed from the Santacrucian sediments of Santa Cruz, Argentina. Ameghino described it as a species of pangolin, even including this in the genus name's root -manis, after Manidae. The species name patagonica is after the fossil's discovery in Patagonia. However, later analyses of the astragalus have been inconclusive and find it to be an indeterminate genus of mammal.

Manidae
Manidae ("spirits") is the only extant family of pangolins. This family comprises three genera (Manis from subfamily Maninae, Phataginus from subfamily Phatagininae, and Smutsia from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well as the extinct Fayum pangolin.
Anloga
Anloga is a town in Anloga District of the Volta Region in southeast Ghana. It lies east of the Volta River and just south of the Keta Lagoon. Anloga is the forty-seventh most populous town in Ghana, in terms of population, with a population of 35,933 people and. and also serves as the seat of the Awormefia of Anlo State and the traditional, ancestral and spiritual capital of the Anlo Anlo Ewe.

Volta River
The Volta River (Akan: Asuo Firaw, Ewe: Amuga, French: Fleuve Volta) is the main river system in the West African country of Ghana. It flows south into Ghana from the Bobo-Dioulasso highlands of Burkina Faso.

The three main parts of the river are the Black Volta, the White Volta, and the Red Volta. In the northwest, the Black Volta forms the international borders of the Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Burkina Faso. The Volta flows southward along the Akwapim-Togoland highlands, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean at the Gulf of Guinea at Ada Foah. One of its smaller tributaries, the Oti River, enters Ghana from Togo in the east. The Volta River has been dammed at Akosombo for generating hydroelectricity. The reservoir named Lake Volta stretches from Akosombo Dam in the south to the northern part of the country, and is the largest man-made reservoir by area in the world.

The country of Burkina Faso was formerly called Upper Volta, after the river.
Len Tuckett
Lindsay Richard 'Len' Tuckett (19 April 1885 – 8 April 1963) was a South African cricketer who played in one Test in 1914. He was the father of Lindsay who also played Test cricket. He played domestic cricket for Natal and Orange Free State.

Tuckett is part of one of the more unusual first-class batting records. Playing for the Orange Free State against Western Province at Bloemfontein in the 1925–26 Currie Cup, Tuckett was involved in a century partnership for the tenth wicket in each innings, the only time this has occurred in first-class cricket. Tuckett put on 115 runs in the first innings with Lancelot Fuller, and 129 runs in the second innings with Frank Caulfield. Orange Free State won by 46 runs.

CSA 4-Day Domestic Series
The CSA 4-Day Domestic Series is the domestic first class cricket competition of South Africa. The tournament is contested by teams from all nine provinces of South Africa.

First contested as the Currie Cup from 1889–90, the tournament has undergone many changes and modifications in its history. In 2004, the traditional province-based format was replaced, with many teams amalgamating. In its place, six entirely professional franchises were created that represented much larger population areas.

The competition underwent significant restructuring once again before the start of the 2021–22 season. The six-team franchise system was disbanded, and the tournament returned to its more traditional format. Fifteen province-based teams now compete across two divisions, determined by promotion and relegation.
Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)
The October–December 2013 Aleppo offensive or Operation Northern Storm was a campaign during the Syrian civil war launched by the Syrian army in the Aleppo Governorate to reopen a key supply route linking central Syria to the largest city, Aleppo. The offensive began when the Syrian Army attacked the strategic town of Khanasir.

As-Safira
As-Safira (Arabic: السَّفِيْرَة / ALA-LC: as-Safīrah; Aleppo dialect: Sfīre) is a Syrian city administratively belonging to the Aleppo Governorate. It is the administrative center of the as-Safira District. As Safīrah has an altitude of 348 meters (1,142 ft), and a population of 106,382 as of 2007, making it the 11th largest city per geographical entity in Syria.
Rolling paper
Rolling paper is a specialty paper used for making cigarettes (commercially manufactured filter cigarettes and individually made roll-your-own cigarettes) and related items (e.g., cannabis joints). Rolling papers often sold as packs of several cigarette-size sheets. Paper cigarettes became popular in the second half of the 19th century and rolling paper companies emerged to produce the paper.

Polyvinyl alcohol
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH, PVA, or PVAl) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer. It has the idealized formula [CH2CH(OH)]n. It is used in papermaking, textile warp sizing, as a thickener and emulsion stabilizer in polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive formulations, in a variety of coatings, and 3D printing. It is colourless (white) and odorless. It is commonly supplied as beads or as solutions in water. Without an externally added crosslinking agent, PVA solution can be gelled through repeated freezing-thawing, yielding highly strong, ultrapure, biocompatible hydrogels which have been used for a variety of applications such as vascular stents, cartilages, contact lenses, etc.

Although polyvinyl alcohol is often referred to by the acronym PVA, more generally PVA refers to polyvinyl acetate, which is commonly used as a wood adhesive and sealer.