hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AmeriCorps
AmeriCorps (/əˈmɛrɪkɔːr/ ə-MERR-ih-kor; officially the Corporation for National and Community Service or CNCS) is an independent agency of the United States government that engages more than five million Americans in service through a variety of stipended volunteer work programs in many sectors. These programs include AmeriCorps VISTA, AmeriCorps NCCC, AmeriCorps State and National, AmeriCorps Seniors, the Volunteer Generation Fund, and other national service initiatives. It was created by the National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993. In September 2020, the agency rebranded itself as AmeriCorps, although its official name is unchanged.

Community service
Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community. In many cases, people doing community service are compensated in other ways, such as getting a lunch for free. In many countries, there are programs to incite people to do community service. In some cases, it is possible to replace a criminal justice sanctions with community service; there may also be school or class requirements. Obtaining certain benefits may be linked to doing some form of community service. For all these reasons, it is distinct from volunteering.
United States v. One Solid Gold Object in Form of a Rooster
United States v. One Solid Gold Object in Form of a Rooster (208 F. Supp. 99 – Dist. Court, D. Nevada 1962) is a United States District Court for the District of Nevada civil forfeiture case between the United States and The Golden Rooster, a solid gold statue of a rooster. As the rooster was made of solid gold, the United States Treasury seized it on the grounds that it was illegal under the Gold Reserve Act of 1934 which prohibited private ownership of more than 50 ozt (1.6 kg) of gold in the United States. The owner challenged the seizure in court and the jury found in favor of the statue.

The form of the styling of this case – the defendant being an object, rather than a legal person – is because this is a jurisdiction in rem (power over objects) case, rather than the more familiar in personam (over persons) case.

In personam
In personam is a Latin phrase meaning "against a particular person". In a lawsuit in which the case is against a specific individual, that person must be served with a summons and complaint (in England & Wales known as Particulars of Claim (CPR 1999)) to give the court jurisdiction to try the case, and the judgment applies to that person and is called an "in personam judgment".

In personam is distinguished from in rem, which applies to property or "all the world" instead of a specific person. This technical distinction is important to determine where to file a lawsuit and how to serve a defendant. In personam means that a judgment can be enforceable against the person wherever he/she is. On the other hand, if the lawsuit is to determine title to property (in rem) then the action must be filed where the property exists and is only enforceable there.
Pan Pacific Vancouver Hotel
Pan Pacific Vancouver Hotel is a hotel in Canada Place near Waterfront Station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It opened on January 8, 1986, to handle the influx of tourists brought to Vancouver by Expo 86.

Canada Place
Canada Place, co-named Komagata Maru Place, is a building situated on the Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is home to the Vancouver Convention Centre East Building, the Pan Pacific Vancouver Hotel, the Vancouver World Trade Centre, and the virtual flight experience Flyover in Vancouver. The building's exterior is covered by fabric roofs resembling sails. It is also the main cruise ship passenger terminal for the region, where cruises to Alaska originate. The building was designed by architects Zeidler Roberts Partnership in joint venture with Musson Cattell Mackey Partnership and DA Architects + Planners.

Canada Place is accessed via West Cordova Street and near Waterfront Station, a major transit hub with SkyTrain, SeaBus, and West Coast Express connections.

The structure was expanded in 2001 to accommodate another cruise ship berth. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Canada Place served as the Main Press Centre.
Sangkosh
Sangkosh is a town in  Nilkantha Municipality in Dhading District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. The formerly Village development committee was merged to form municipality on 18 May 2014 merging along with Nilkantha, Sunaula Bazar, Murali Bhanjyang, Sangkosh Village development committees. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4391 and had 847 houses in it.

Bagmati Zone
Bagmati Zone (Nepali: बागमती अञ्चलListenⓘ Bāgmatī Añcal) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restoration of zones to Provinces. Its headquarters are Kathmandu. It was named after the Bagmati River. It was in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The districts are now all part of Bagmati Province. The zone contains the Kathmandu Valley with its conurbation of 4.5 million inhabitants.
V. Ammapatti
V. Ammapatti  is a panchayat village in Madurai district in Tamil Nadu, South India. V stands for vairavi the community people who lived 1000 years ago. It is located between the cities of Thirumangalam and Rajapalayam (Exactly 40 km from Madurai and 20 km from Thirumangalam and 30 km from Rajapalayam. Its nearest town is T.Kallupatti.
This village is located on the NH 208 which is connects Madurai  to Kollam via Courtalam

Madurai district
Madurai district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu in southeastern India. The city of Madurai serves as the district headquarters. It houses the famous Sri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar temple and is situated on the banks of the river Vaigai. Thiruparankundram is one of the major tourist places in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns of the district include Melur, Vadipatti, Thirumangalam, Thirupparankundram, Peraiyur, and Usilampatti.
WEW 6-Man Tag Team Championship
The WEW 6-Man Tag Team Championship was a championship in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and later in World Entertainment Wrestling. It was active from July 1999 until February 2002 as a substitute for the FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship. The final champions were Hayabusa, Tetsuhiro Kuroda and GOEMON. They were stripped of the belts on November 5, 2001 when Hayabusa sustained an injury that left him unable to defend the title. The promotion closed in February 2002. The title was later revived in Kodo Fuyuki's World Entertainment Wrestling promotion in 2002 and was used there until the promotion closed on May 5, 2004.

Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling
Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling-Explosion (FMW-E) is a Japanese professional wrestling promotion founded on July 28, 1989, by Atsushi Onita as Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (フロンティア・マーシャルアーツ・レスリング, Furontia Māsharuātsu Resuringu) (FMW). The promotion specializes in hardcore wrestling involving weapons such as barbed wire and fire. They held their first show on October 6, 1989. In the late 1990s, FMW had a brief working agreement with Extreme Championship Wrestling, and as well had 14 DVDs released in the U.S. by Tokyopop. On March 4, 2015, FMW was resurrected under the name Chō Sentō Puroresu FMW (超戦闘プロレスFMW). With the resurrected FMW not holding any events since 2018, Onita announced in 2021 that he would be starting Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling-Explosion (FMW-E) in which the promotion would specialize in exploding death matches.

The promotion was highlighted in the third season of the Vice TV's pro wrestling docuseries Dark Side of the Ring in September 2021.
SS Joseph Stanton
SS Joseph Stanton was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Joseph Stanton, an American military officer during the American Revolutionary War, raising to the rank of major general, in the Continental Army, in command of the Rhode Island Militia. He was a delegate to the Rhode Island Constitutional Convention in 1790, which ratified the United States Constitution and enabled Rhode Island, to be the last of the 13 colonies to join the Union. He was elected by the General Assembly to serve as one of the first two US Senators from Rhode Island, and served from 12 June 1790 to 3 March 1793, as a member of the Anti-Administration Party. He was later elected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served from 4 March 1801 to 3 March 1807, as a member of the Jeffersonian Democrat-Republican Party.

Joseph Stanton Jr.
Joseph Stanton Jr. (July 19, 1739 – December 15, 1821) was a military officer, a United States senator of the Anti-Federalist faction and a United States Representative of the Democratic-Republican party.
City Centre South (Liverpool ward)
City Centre South ward is an electoral district of Liverpool City Council within the Liverpool Riverside constituency.

The ward was created for the elections held on 4 May 2023 following a 2022 review by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England, which created the ward to be represented by three councillors. The ward was formed from the northernmost portion of the former Riverside ward and a small section of the former Central ward.

The ward includes Liverpool Cathedral, the Baltic Triangle and the south of Liverpool City Centre, including Liverpool Central railway station, Bold Street and St Luke's Church. The ward boundaries follow Hanover Street, Mount Pleasant, Roscoe Street, Canning Street, Hope Street, Upper Parliament Street, Chaloner Street, Wapping, Strand Street and Liver Street.

Liverpool Central railway station
Liverpool Central railway station in Liverpool, Merseyside, England, forms a central hub of the Merseyrail network, being on both the Northern Line and the Wirral Line. The station is located underground on two levels, below the site of a former main line terminus.

It is the busiest station in the city, although considerably smaller than Liverpool Lime Street, the main line terminus, and the busiest station to operate solely on the Merseyrail network. It is the busiest underground station outside London, serving 40,000 people daily. The station in passengers per platform is the busiest underground railway station in the United Kingdom outside of London; at 3,979,547 passengers per platform per annum, it is tenth out of all stations outside the capital, underground or overground. The main concourse is part of a shopping centre and includes a closed subway link to the former Lewis's department store.
Eskihüsnümansur, Adıyaman
Eskihüsnümansur (Kurdish: Hisnamansûra kevin) is a village in the Adıyaman District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Reşwan tribe and had a population of 42 in 2021.

Adıyaman District
Adıyaman District (Turkish: merkez ilçe, meaning "central district") is a district of Adıyaman Province of Turkey. Its seat is the city Adıyaman. Its area is 1,814 km2, and its population is 312,207 (2021).
Ian Lynam
Ian Lynam (born 1970) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a goalkeeper for the Cork senior team.

Born in Blackpool, Cork, Lynam first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1994-95 National Hurling League. Lynam went on to play for Cork for just one championship season.

At club level Lynam is a one-time championship medallist with Glen Rovers.

In retirement from playing, Lynam became involved in team management and coaching. He has served as manager of the Glen Rovers senior team and is the current coach of the side.

1994–95 National Hurling League
The 1994–95 National Hurling League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Church & General National Hurling League for Church & General (later acquired by Allianz), was the 64th edition of the National Hurling League, which ran from 8 October 1994 until 7 May 1995.

Kilkenny won the league, beating Clare by 2–12 to 0–9 in the final.
IC 1327
IC 1327 is lenticular galaxy of type S0-a, located in the constellation Aquila. Its redshift is 0.032386, which corresponds IC 1327 to be located 445 million light-years from Earth. It has an apparent dimension of 0.90 x 0.8 arcmin, meaning the galaxy is 117,000 light-years across. IC 1327 was discovered on August 10, 1890, by Sherburne Wesley Burnham.

According to a study conducted in April 2006, IC 1327 is considered an isolated galaxy, which is included in early-type E-S0 galaxies that make up 14% of the isolated sample of galaxies in the local universe. Moreover, IC 1327 contains X-ray emission within a distance of 100 arcsec from the infrared position, which its structure is inspected in overlays on optical images.

Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectroscopy can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances.
Calosoma tepidum
Calosoma tepidum, known as the lukewarm beautiful black searcher, is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Carabinae. It was first described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1851. This species is found in British Columbia, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington and Wyoming, where it inhabits areas with open dry ground and sparse low vegetation.

Adult prey on caterpillars and grasshoppers.

John Lawrence LeConte
John Lawrence LeConte MD (May 13, 1825 – November 15, 1883) was an American entomologist, responsible for naming and describing approximately half of the insect taxa known in the United States during his lifetime, including some 5,000 species of beetles. He was recognized as the foremost authority on North American beetles during his career, and has been described as "the father of American beetle study".
John Henry Fischer
John Henry Fischer (July 16, 1910 – December 18, 2009) was an academic administrator who, as school superintendent, made Baltimore the first large American city to desegregate its public schools. He later served as dean and president of Teachers College, Columbia University for fifteen years.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Dönmeh
The Dönmeh (Hebrew: דוֹנְמֶה, romanized: Dōnme, Ottoman Turkish: دونمه, Turkish: Dönme) are a group of Sabbatean crypto-Jews in the Ottoman Empire who embraced Islam, but retained their Jewish faith and Kabbalistic beliefs in secret.

The Sabbatean movement was centered mainly in Thessalonika. It originated during and soon after the era of Shabbetai Tzevi, a 17th-century Romaniote Jewish rabbi and Kabbalist who claimed to be the Jewish Messiah and eventually feigned conversion to Islam under threat of capital punishment from the Ottoman sultan Mehmed IV. After Zevi's conversion to Islam, a number of Sabbatean Jews purportedly converted to Islam while remaining secretly faithful to Judaism after their leader, and became known as the "Dönmeh". Some live on into 21st-century Turkey. As of 2016, there were still 2,000 non-assimilated Dönmeh.

Conversion to Islam
Conversion to Islam, also known within Islam as reversion, is adopting Islam as a religion or faith. Conversion requires a formal statement of the shahādah, the credo of Islam, whereby the prospective convert must state that "there is none worthy of worship in truth except Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah". Proselytism of the faith is referred to as "dawah", and missionary efforts have been promoted since the dawn of the religion in the 7th century.
Korea Bay
39°N 124°E﻿ / ﻿39°N 124°E﻿ / 39; 124

Korea(n) Bay, sometimes West Korea(n) Bay (Chinese: 西朝鲜湾; pinyin: Xīcháoxiǎnwān; Korean: 서조선만 or 서한만; Hanja: 西朝鮮灣 or 西韓灣; Korean pronunciation: [sʰʌdʑosʰʌn.man] or [sʰʌhan.man]), is a bight and the northern extension of the Yellow Sea, between the southeastern coastline of China's Liaoning Province and the western coastline of North Korea's North Pyongan, South Pyongan and South Hwanghae provinces.  It is separated from the Bohai Sea by the Liaodong Peninsula, with Dalian's Lüshunkou District marking its western end, and westernmost tip of North Korea's Ryongyon County as its eastern end.

The Yalu (Amnok) River, which marks the western two-thirds of the China–North Korea border, empties into the Korea Bay between Dandong (China) and Sinŭiju (North Korea). The Chongchon River and Taedong River also drains into the Korea Bay at Sinanju and Nampo, respectively.

Ryongyon County
Ryongyŏn County is a county in western South Hwanghae province, North Korea. Its Yellow Sea coast is known for its natural environment and as an important habitat for plants and birds. Ryongyŏn was the first place in which Protestant Christianity was established in Korea, in the late 19th century.
Mai Thứ
Mai Trung Thứ (An Dương, 1906-Hải Phòng, 10 October 1980), or Mai Thứ, was a Vietnamese painter. He was one of the graduates of the 1st (1925–1930) entering class of the École des Beaux-Arts de l'Indochine in Hanoi. He lived and worked mostly in France. His main subjects were women, children and daily life, incorporating some traditional Vietnamese conceptions about fine arts and folk arts. All his work, apart from a few oil paintings, is silk painting with gouache, by rubbing and colours applied as solids.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Voorn
Voorn is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Voorn (born 1956), Dutch equestrian

Dick Voorn (born 1948), Dutch football manager

Jessey Voorn (born 1990), Dutch basketball player

Joop Voorn (1932–2021), Dutch composer

Joris Voorn (born 1977), Dutch DJ

Orlando Voorn, Dutch DJ

Vincent Voorn (born 1984), Dutch show jumper

Vincent Voorn
Vincent Voorn (born 16 February 1984 in Someren) is a Dutch show jumper. His father is Albert Voorn who also competed as an international show jumper.

Voorn won the Dutch National Championship for young riders in 2004 with his horse Gestion Priamus Z. In 2005 he represented the Netherlands at the European Championships in Schaffhausen where he and Gestion Priamus Z won the gold medal. Two years later in Mannheim, 2007 he won another European title, although this time in the team competition instead of as an individual.

Voorn was selected by coach Rob Ehrens to represent the Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He formed a team with Gerco Schröder, Marc Houtzager and Angelique Hoorn. Houtzager and Hoorn joined the team after former Olympic champions Jeroen Dubbeldam and Albert Zoer had to withdraw due to injuries. He finished tied for 40th position in the individual show jumping and was part of the Dutch team that finished 4th in the team jumping.
2009 Shakey's V-League 1st Conference
The 2009 Shakey's V-League 1st Conference was the ninth conference of the Shakey's V-League and the first conference of the 2009 season. It started on April 19, 2009, at the Filoil Flying V Arena. Teams included defending champion and current NCAA champion San Sebastian, UAAP runner-up FEU, NCRAA champion Lyceum. Two Visayan teams, CESAFI champion USJ-R, and USLS, joined at the quarterfinals. UAAP champion La Salle decided not to compete and took a leave of absence; UP replaced the Lady Archers to complete the eight-team elimination round roster.

Filoil EcoOil Centre
Playtime Filoil Centre (sometimes shortened as Filoil Centre), previously known but still commonly referred to as Filoil EcoOil Centre, is an indoor arena located along Bonny Serrano Avenue in San Juan, Metro Manila, Philippines. The arena opened in 2006 as The Arena in San Juan and has hosted games for multiple sports leagues and international events.

The league's notable tenants include the Premier Volleyball League (PVL), National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and the San Juan Knights of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL). It is also home to the annual collegiate Filoil EcoOil Preseason Cup. Other leagues such as the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) and the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) have also hosted games at the venue on an occasional basis.
Punk Goes Pop Volume Two
Punk Goes Pop Volume Two is the eighth compilation album in the Punk Goes... series created by Fearless Records and the second installment in the Punk Goes Pop franchise to feature bands covering mainstream pop songs. It was released on March 9, 2009, in the United Kingdom and March 10, 2009, in the United States. The album debuted at number 15 on the Billboard 200, selling 21,000 copies in its first week.

The album's release was originally slated for February. However, due to the inclusion of the cover by Chiodos, the release date was pushed back a month. Those who pre-ordered the album from certain retailers received a free copy of the original Punk Goes Pop. The song "...Baby One More Time" was covered by Nicotine in the first Punk Goes Pop and by August Burns Red in this album. The album was posted on MTV's The Leak on March 3, 2009, where the full album was available for streaming.

Fearless Records
Fearless Records is an American independent record label that was founded in 1994. Fearless is based in Culver City, California, and is best known for its early pop punk moments captured in the Fearless Flush Sampler and Punk Bites releases, as well as additional releases by bands such as Bigwig and Dynamite Boy; and later Sugarcult; Plain White T's; The Aquabats; Amely; and post-hardcore releases by At the Drive-In and Anatomy of a Ghost.  However, the label has experimented with different styles in recent years. Acts such as Blessthefall, Bloodywood, The Word Alive, Ice Nine Kills, Mayday Parade, Pierce The Veil, Starset, The Pretty Reckless, Underoath and The Color Morale have showcased post-hardcore, metalcore, hard rock and alternative rock bands that have emerged in recent years. Fearless Records' releases were distributed in the US by RED Distribution, but since Concord Music Group's purchase of the label in 2015, it has been distributed by Universal Music Group worldwide.