hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mespilus canescens
Mespilus canescens, commonly known as Stern's medlar, is a large shrub or small tree, recently discovered in Prairie County, Arkansas, United States, and formally named in 1990. It is a critically endangered endemic species, with only 25 plants known, all in one small (9 ha) wood, now protected as the Konecny Grove Natural Area.

Originally discovered by Jane Stern (hence "Stern's medlar") in 1968–69, the plant was difficult to identify, and at times placed in the genus Crataegus, and even Aronia. J.B. Phipps first described it as belonging to the genus Mespilus in 1990.

It has been shown by genetic analysis to be closely related to the common medlar Mespilus germanica, which was previously the only known species in the genus. Subsequent molecular analyses suggest that Stern's medlar is likely a hybrid between cultivated M. germanica and one or two native North American species of Crataegus, in which case it should be referred to as × Crataemespilus canescens.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Ait Belkacem
Ait Belkacem is a commune in Khémisset Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a population of 4,915 people living in 890 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Warhammer: Mark of Chaos
Warhammer: Mark of Chaos is a real-time tactics game set in the Warhammer universe. It was developed by Black Hole Entertainment and co-published by Namco Bandai Games in North America and Deep Silver in PAL territories in November 2006.

An expansion, Battle March, was released in September 2008. It contains one new campaign and the addition of Dark Elves and Orcs & Goblins as playable races. An Xbox 360 version was released and titled as Warhammer: Battle March, dropping the Mark of Chaos moniker.

Plaion
Plaion GmbH (formerly Koch Media) is an Austrian media company headquartered in Höfen, Tyrol, with an additional office in Planegg, Germany. It was founded in 1994 by Franz Koch and Klemens Kundratitz. The company operates video game publishing labels Deep Silver, Prime Matter and Ravenscourt, the video game developers Warhorse Studios and Milestone, as well as a film distribution arm, Plaion Pictures. Koch Media's parent company, Koch Media Holding, was acquired by Swedish holding company Embracer Group (then known as THQ Nordic AB) in February 2018.
Carl Rogers (politician)
Carl W. Rogers is an American politician. He was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 29th District from 1995 to 2016.

In 2004, he switched parties from Democrat to Republican. In 2016, he became vice president of economic development at Lanier Technical College.

Lanier Technical College
Lanier Technical College (LTC or Lanier Tech) is a public technical college with multiple locations in the U.S. state of Georgia.  It is part of the Technical College System of Georgia and provides education services for a seven-county service area in north Georgia. The school's service area includes Banks, Barrow, Dawson, Forsyth, Hall, Jackson, and Lumpkin counties. Lanier Tech is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and many of the school's individual technical programs are also accredited by their respective accreditation organizations.
Bedford School
Bedford School is a 7–18 boys public school in the county town of Bedford in England. Founded in 1552, it is the oldest of four independent schools in Bedford run by the Harpur Trust. Bedford School is one of the oldest boys' schools in the United Kingdom, and was the winner of the Independent Boys School of the Year Award at the Independent Schools of the Year Awards in 2021.

Bedford School is composed of the Preparatory School (ages 7 to 13) and the Upper School (ages 13 to 18). There are around 1,100 pupils, of whom approximately one half are boarders. In 2014, James Hodgson succeeded John Moule as headmaster after Moule moved on to Radley College.

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
Komisarivka, Mykolaiv Oblast
Komisarivka (Ukrainian: Комісарівка) is a village in Mykolaiv Raion (district) in Mykolaiv Oblast of southern Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Komisarivka was located in Berezanka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four. The area of Berezanka Raion was merged into Mykolaiv Raion.

Berezanka Raion
Berezanka Raion (Ukrainian: Березанський район) was a subdivision of Mykolaiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Berezanka. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four. The area of Berezanka Raion was merged into Mykolaiv Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 22,422 (2020 est.)
Caucasian campaign of Pompey
Caucasian campaign of Pompey (Georgian: პომპეუსის ლაშქრობა კავკასიაში) was a military campaign led by Pompey that took place in 65 BC and was a consequence of the third Mithridatic War fought over Georgian lands and its neighboring frontiers. Rome sought to expand its influence and establish itself as the overlord of the Middle East. After conquering the Kingdom of Pontus and receiving the subjugation of Tigranes II of Armenia the Romans marched on the Kingdom of Iberia, whose king, Artoces had been an ally of Mithridates VI of Pontus, Rome's premier enemy during the 80s, 70s, and early 60s BC.

Military campaign
A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from the plain of Campania, a place of annual wartime operations by the armies of the Roman Republic.
Barry McKenzie (footballer)
Barry McKenzie (14 August 1945 – 6 July 2021) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Fitzroy Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and West Torrens in the South Australian Football League (SANFL).

West Torrens Football Club
West Torrens Football Club was an Australian rules football club that competed in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) from 1895 to 1990. In 1991, the club merged with neighbouring Woodville Football Club to form the Woodville-West Torrens Eagles.

With the proposed introduction of representative Districts for clubs in the SAFA the Native Club in 1897 derived its name from Electoral district of West Torrens and based itself in the inner western suburbs of Adelaide, around the reaches of the River Torrens at Thebarton and Hindmarsh.
Sceloporus lundelli
Sceloporus lundelli, also known commonly as Lundell's spiny lizard and la espinosa de Lundell in Mexican Spanish, is a species of lizard in the family Phrynosomatidae. The species is native to the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. There are two recognized subspecies.

Phrynosomatidae
The Phrynosomatidae are a diverse family of lizards, sometimes classified as a subfamily (Phrynosomatinae), found from Panama to the extreme south of Canada. Many members of the group are adapted to life in hot, sandy deserts, although the spiny lizards prefer rocky deserts or even relatively moist forest edges, and the short-horned lizard lives in prairie or sagebrush environments. The group includes both oviparous (egg-laying) and viviparous species, with the latter being more common in species living at high elevations. Oviparous and viviparous species of Phrynosomatidae lizards co-localize in certain areas of the United States, including New Mexico.
The earliest fossil remains of this group are known from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia and belong to the genus Desertiguana. As phrynosomatids are only known from North America, these remains indicate that phrynosomatids likely had a wider distribution in prehistoric times.
Edmund Janniger
Edmund Janniger (born 30 December 1995) was a short-time adviser to the Minister of National Defence of Poland Antoni Macierewicz in late 2015. Then 19, he was the youngest ministerial adviser in Poland’s history.

Ministry of National Defence (Poland)
The Ministry of National Defence (Polish: Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej [mi.ɲisˈtɛr.stfɔ ɔˈbrɔ.nɘ na.rɔˈdɔ.vɛj], MON [ˈmɔn] ⓘ) is an office of government in Poland headed by the Minister of National Defence. 
It is responsible for the organisation and management of the Polish Armed Forces. During the Second Polish Republic and World War II it was called the Ministry of Military Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych). Its budget for 2025 was 186,6 billion PLN.
HD 43848
HD 43848 is a 9th magnitude K-type subgiant star located 122 light-years away in the constellation of Columba. The star is less massive than the Sun.

On October 29, 2008, radial velocity measurements made with the MIKE echelle spectrograph on the 6.5-m Magellan II (Clay) telescope revealed the presence of a companion of at least 25 Jupiter masses orbiting the star. Initially thought to be a brown dwarf, astrometric measurements reveal that the true mass of the object is 120+167−43 Jupiter masses, implying that it is likely to be a red dwarf star.

Astrometry
Astrometry is a branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. It provides the kinematics and physical origin of the Solar System and this galaxy, the Milky Way.
Sébastien Bubeck
Sébastien Bubeck (born April 16, 1985) is a French-American computer scientist. He was Microsoft's Vice President of Applied Research,  Distinguished Scientist, and led the Machine Learning Foundations group at Microsoft Research Redmond. Bubeck was formerly professor at Princeton University and a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley. He is known for his contributions to online learning, optimization and more recently studying deep neural networks, and in particular transformer models. Since 2024, he works for OpenAI.

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
The Conference and Workshop on Neural Information Processing Systems (abbreviated as NeurIPS and formerly NIPS)  is a machine learning and computational neuroscience conference held every December. Along with ICLR and ICML, it is one of the three primary conferences of high impact in machine learning and artificial intelligence research.

The conference is currently a double-track meeting (single-track until 2015) that includes invited talks as well as oral and poster presentations of refereed papers, followed by parallel-track workshops that up to 2013 were held at ski resorts.
2000 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses
The 2000 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses were held on March 7, 2000, as part of the 2000 Democratic Party primaries for the 2000 presidential election. 3 delegates to the 2000 Democratic National Convention were allocated to the presidential candidates, the contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries and caucuses in 15 other states.

Vice President Al Gore won by 42% of the delegate votes and 84% of the popular votes also.

Super Tuesday
Super Tuesday is the United States presidential primary election day in February or March when the greatest number of U.S. states hold primary elections and caucuses. Approximately one-third of all delegates to the presidential nominating conventions can be won on Super Tuesday, more than on any other day. The results on Super Tuesday are therefore a strong indicator of the likely eventual presidential nominee of each political party.

The particular states holding primaries on Super Tuesday have varied from year to year because each state selects its election day separate from one another.

Tuesday is the traditional day for elections in the United States. The phrase Super Tuesday has been used to refer to presidential primary elections since at least 1976. It is an unofficial term used by journalists and political pundits.
Mamhead
Mamhead is a rural village and civil parish near Dawlish and Kenton in Devon, South West England, in the Teignbridge local authority area. Current community venues include Mamhead Village Hall and the Church of England parish church, dedicated to St Thomas the Apostle,

On high ground on the Haldon Hills, dense woodlands open out into views of the coast and the estuary of the River Exe.

Teignbridge
Teignbridge (/ˈtiːnbrɪdʒ/ TEEN-brij) is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Newton Abbot. The district also includes the towns of Ashburton, Buckfastleigh, Dawlish, Bovey Tracey, Kingsteignton and Teignmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Teignbridge contains part of the south Devon coastline, including the Dawlish Warren National Nature Reserve. Some of the inland western parts of the district lie within the Dartmoor National Park. It is named after the old Teignbridge hundred.

The neighbouring districts are Torbay, South Hams, West Devon, Mid Devon, East Devon and Exeter.
Oyamada Nobushige
Oyamada Nobushige (小山田 信茂, 1545 – April 16, 1582) was a Japanese samurai general in the Takeda army under Takeda Shingen, and later under Takeda Katsuyori. He was known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen".

He was also lord of Iwadono Castle, and fought under the Takeda at the battles of Kawanakajima (1561), Mikatagahara (1573), Nagashino (1575) and Tenmokuzan (1582).

Oyamada betrayed Takeda Katsuyori in 1582, after Katsuyori's defeat at the Battle of Tenmokuzan; however, when he went to the Oda clan camp, he was executed by Oda Nobunaga's officer Horio Yoshiharu.

Takeda clan
The Takeda clan (武田氏, Takeda-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan active from the late Heian period until the late 16th century. The clan was historically based in Kai Province in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture. The clan reached its greatest influence under the rule of Takeda Shingen, one of the most famous rulers of the period.
Ductal cells
Ductal cells refer to the epithelial cell lining of the pancreatic duct that deliver enzymes from the acinar cells to the duodenum. They have the essential function of producing bicarbonate-rich (HCO3-) secretion to neutralize stomach acidity. The hormone secretin stimulates ductal cells and is responsible for maintaining the duodenal pH and preventing duodenal injury from acidic chyme. Ductal cells mix their production with acinar cells to make up the pancreatic juice.

Ductal cells comprise about 10% of the pancreas by number and about 4% in volume. Its function is to secrete bicarbonate and mucins and to form the tubule network that transfers enzymes made by acinar cells to the duodenum. Ductal cells have a proliferation rate of about 0.5% in normal adults, but mitotic activity goes up when the pancreas is damaged.

Duodenum
The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption.
The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine.

In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25–38 centimetres (10–15 inches) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum, the middle part of the small intestine. It begins with the duodenal bulb, and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure marked by the  suspensory muscle of duodenum. The duodenum can be divided into four parts: the first (superior), the second (descending), the third (transverse) and the fourth (ascending) parts.
Brian Keen
Brian Warwick Keen (born 1 June 1944) is an English former international rugby union player.

Keen was born in Bury St Edmunds and attended The Thomas Hardye School.

While a fourth-year student at Newcastle University, Keen was capped four times for England across the 1968 Five Nations, as a loose-head prop. He also represented Northumberland.

Keen had several seasons with Moseley, then had to step away from rugby for two years due to business commitments, with his work taking him to Brazil. He returned to the sport in 1972 to play for Newcastle club Northern and later competed with Bedford, winning a RFU Knockout Cup title in 1974–75.

1968 Five Nations Championship
The 1968 Five Nations Championship was the thirty-ninth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the seventy-fourth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 13 January and 23 March. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It marked the first Grand Slam victory for France.
Playdate (film)
Playdate is a 2025 American buddy action comedy film directed by Luke Greenfield and written by Neil Goldman. It stars Kevin James and Alan Ritchson alongside Sarah Chalke, Alan Tudyk, Benjamin Pajak, Banks Pierce, Hiro Kanagawa, Stephen Root, and Isla Fisher. The film follows Brian (James), a recently unemployed accountant and father who sets up a playdate with stay-at-home dad Jeff (Ritchson), with the two then being targeted by mercenaries along with their sons (when Jeff reveals he and his “son” are on the run from both the military and the authorities).

The film was released on Amazon Prime Video on November 12, 2025, where it became the number 1 film in the US that week.

Buddy film
The buddy film is a subgenre of adventure and comedy film in which two people go on an adventure, mission, or road trip. The two typically are males with contrasting personalities. The contrast is sometimes accentuated by an ethnic difference between the two. The buddy film is commonplace in Western cinema; unlike some other film genres, it endured through the 20th century with different pairings and different themes.
Mark Logan (cricketer)
Mark Brian Logan (born 17 April 1960) is a former cricketer who played first-class cricket in South Africa from 1981 to 1993.

A batsman who usually opened the innings, Logan made his highest first-class score of 172 when he captained the South African Defence Force team against Eastern Province in 1984–85. His highest score for Natal, for whom he played most of his cricket, was 150 (after scoring 53 in the first innings) against Transvaal in the 1991–92 Castle Cup. He had made his highest List A score earlier that season, 115 retired hurt.

KwaZulu-Natal cricket team
KwaZulu-Natal (formerly Natal) is the first-class cricket team that represents the province of KwaZulu-Natal (formerly Natal) in South Africa in the CSA 4-Day Domestic Series (previously the Currie Cup). KwaZulu-Natal is the only team that did not merge with another during the 2004 restructuring, but were rebranded as the Dolphins. However, the KwaZulu-Natal Inland cricket team was granted first-class status in 2006, and began competing in the CSA Provincial Competitions in 2006-2007, and were also represented by the Dolphins franchise. The team was originally called Natal and began playing in December 1889 at the start of first-class cricket in South Africa. The team joined the Currie Cup in 1893–94. The name changed in April 1998.
Johnny Culloty
Johnny Culloty (1936 – 24 February 2025) was a Gaelic football and hurling sportsman from Killarney, County Kerry. He played both football and hurling with Kerry from the 1950s till the 1970s, winning All Ireland and National League titles in both. As a dual player at club level, he won county championships in both codes.

1998 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1998 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 35th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Derry entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Armagh in the Ulster final.

On 9 May 1998, Kerry won the championship following a 2-8 to 0-11 defeat of Laois in the All-Ireland final. This was their ninth All-Ireland title overall and their first in two championship seasons.
West Philadelphia Passenger Railway
The West Philadelphia Passenger Railway was an early commuter rail that opened on July 2, 1858.  Initially tracks ran from 3rd Street to 41st street along Market Street.  Tracks ran over the Permanent Bridge that was completed in 1887.  Passengers were transported by "horse-drawn omnibuses".  The railway was the second street railway to be chartered in Philadelphia when it was chartered on April 28, 1857.  Portions of the railway leading to Darby followed a route similar to that of SEPTA's Route 11 today.  People of color were not allowed to use the railways until an Act of the Pennsylvania General Assembly in 1867; however, they were permitted to stand on the platform with the driver.

Wagonette
A wagonette or waggonette, meaning little wagon, is a four-wheeled open carriage drawn by one or two horses. It has a front seat for the driver, and passengers enter from the rear and sit face to face on longitudinal bench seats. Originating around the 1840s, the body is mounted on four sets of springs.: 170

There are many styles of wagonette based on different carriage designs, but the common features are rear entry and facing longitudinal seats. Some models have a canopy top.: 291  Wagonettes are common on Sark Island, a car-free tourist destination between England and France.: 235

Modern competition wagonette

Modern wagonette in competition

Large wagonette for tourists

Canopy top wagonette

Wagonette on Sark Island
Andronovo, Altai Krai
Andronovo (Russian: Андроново) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Andronovsky Selsoviet, Tyumentsevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 471 as of 2013. It was founded in 1726. There are 9 streets.

Tyumentsevsky District
Tyumentsevsky District (Russian: Тюме́нцевский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia.  The area of the district is 2,273 square kilometers (878 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tyumentsevo. Population:  15,695 (2010 Census); 17,985 (2002 Census); 17,616 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Tyumentsevo accounts for 35.5% of the district's total population.