hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kaare Christensen
Kaare Christensen (born 20 June 1959) is a Danish epidemiologist and biostatistician. He is a professor of epidemiology at the University of Southern Denmark, where he also directs the Danish Aging Research Center and the Danish Twin Registry. He is known for his research on human longevity and aging. Specific topics he has researched include the increasing average life expectancy in developing countries, as well as the influence of genetic factors on human lifespan and international variations in levels of happiness. In 2016, he was awarded the Longevity Prize from the Fondation IPSEN "for his pioneering work on the importance of genes and environment in aging and longevity."

Ipsen
Ipsen is a French biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Paris, France, with a focus on drug development and commercialization in three therapeutic areas: oncology, rare diseases and neuroscience. Ipsen is one of the world's top 15 biopharmaceutical companies in terms of oncology sales.

Ipsen, founded by Henri Beaufour in 1929, has approximately 5000 employees worldwide. Ipsen's medicines are registered in 88 countries with direct commercial presence in over 30 countries. Ipsen has 4 global R&D hubs and 3 pharmaceutical development centers around the world. Ipsen has been a family-owned business for the past 90 years and is publicly traded on the Euronext Paris as part of the SBF 120 index (2005). The Beaufour family owns 57% of its shares and 73% of its voting rights, and two of its members, Anne Beaufour and Henri Beaufour, sit on its board of directors.
Karl Praechter
Karl Praechter (17 October 1858, Heidelberg – 18 February 1933, Halle an der Saale) was a German classical philologist.

From 1877 he studied theology in Lausanne, followed by studies of classical philology at several German universities. He worked as a gymnasium teacher in the municipalities  of Durlach and Bruchsal, and in 1889 obtained his habilitation in classical philology from the University of Bern. In 1899 he became a full professor at Bern, and later relocated to the University of Halle, where from 1907 to 1926, he served as a professor of classical philology.

Durlach
Durlach is a district in Karlsruhe, Germany, with a population of roughly 30,000.

The district is further divided into Alt-Durlach, Dornwald-Untermühl, Hanggebiet, Bergwald, Aue, Lohn-Lissen and Killisfeld.
Henry Woodward (colonist)
Henry Woodward (c. 1646 – c. 1686), was a Barbados-born merchant and colonist who was one of the first white settlers in the Carolinas. He established relationships with many Native American Tribes in the American southeast. He initiated trade, primarily in deerskins and slaves, with many Indian towns and tribes.

Carolinas
The Carolinas (informally Carolina) are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina considered together as a historical or cultural entity. They are bordered by Virginia to the north, Tennessee to the west, and Georgia to the southwest. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and south.

The Carolinas originally formed the British Province of Carolina during America's early colonial period, from 1663 until they were declared two separate royal colonies in 1729. The land had previously been a part of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, from 1609 to 1663. The province was named Carolina to honor King Charles I of England. Carolina is a feminine form of the Latin word Carolus, meaning "Charles".

The Carolinas have a total of 15,557,813 residents. The largest city of the Carolinas (ranked by land area and population) is Charlotte, North Carolina.
Libsndfile
libsndfile is a widely used C library written by Erik de Castro Lopo for reading and writing audio files. It supports a wide variety of audio file formats and will convert automatically from one to another. It allows the programmer to ignore many details, such as endianness.

In addition to the library itself, the package provides command-line programs for converting one format to another (sndfile-convert), for playing audio files (sndfile-play), and for obtaining information about the contents of an audio file (sndfile-info).

libsndfile is available for AmigaOS, Unix-like systems, including Linux and Mac OS X, and for Microsoft Windows. It is licensed under LGPL-2.1-or-later.

libsndfile is used, for example, by audio-editing software such as Audacity and Adobe Audition and the MP3 encoder LAME.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
UMass Lowell River Hawks
The UMass Lowell River Hawks are the NCAA Division I intercollegiate athletics teams representing the University of Massachusetts Lowell in Lowell, Massachusetts, United States. Members of the America East Conference for all sports (except the men's ice hockey team, which competes in Hockey East). UMass Lowell sponsors teams in seven men's and seven women's NCAA sanctioned sports. Prior to transitioning to Division I in 2013, the River Hawks competed in the Northeast-10 Conference in Division II.

Winnipeg Jets
The Winnipeg Jets are a professional ice hockey team based in Winnipeg. The Jets compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The team is owned by True North Sports & Entertainment, playing its home games at Canada Life Centre.

The franchise was established as the Atlanta Thrashers on June 25, 1997, and began play in the 1999–2000 NHL season. True North Sports & Entertainment then bought the team in May 2011, and relocated the Thrashers to Winnipeg prior to the 2011–12 season, making them the first NHL franchise to relocate since the Hartford Whalers became the Carolina Hurricanes in 1997. The team was renamed the Jets after Winnipeg's original WHA/NHL team, which relocated after the 1995–96 season due to financial issues to become the now-inactive Phoenix (later Arizona) Coyotes.
Francesco Patton
Francesco Patton (born 23 December 1963) is an Italian friar who was the 168th Custodian of the Holy Land, an office to which he acceded on 20 May 2016 and has been renewed triennially since. On 24 June 2025, he was succeed by Francesco Ielpo.

Patton was born in Trento, Italy and earned a Licentiate from the Pontifical Salesian University. He was ordained in 1989.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
Star Ocean: Till the End of Time
Star Ocean: Till the End of Time is an action role-playing game, the third main game in the Star Ocean series. The game was developed by tri-Ace and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 2 console. It was released in Japan, North America, and the PAL territories. The original Japanese release date was in February 2003 by Enix, its penultimate release before its merger to become Square Enix. It was re-released in 2004 as a two-disc Director's Cut version with bonus features such as new characters and dungeons. The North American and European versions are based on the Director's Cut version with Ubisoft handling publishing rights in Europe. Till the End of Time takes place four hundred years after the events of Star Ocean: The Second Story.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
Kings Centre
Kings Centre is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was first contested in the 2014 general election, having been created in the 2013 redistribution of electoral boundaries. It drew most of its population the former districts of Fundy-River Valley and Hampton-Kings, as well as from a small part of Kings East.

The district includes the western and north-central parts of Kings County, including the Kingston Peninsula and the village of Valley Waters, as well as the town of Grand Bay-Westfield and small parts of Queens and Charlotte Counties to its north and west.

Hampton-Kings
Hampton-Kings was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada.  It was established in the 1994 electoral redistribution, in 2006 its boundaries were changed as its population was above the allowable reasonable population and its name was changed from Hampton-Belleisle to Hampton-Kings.
Tula Toli massacre
The Tula Toli massacre was a mass-killing of Rohingya people that occurred during a Myanmar Army clearance operation in the village of Tula Toli (also known as Min Gyi), Rakhine State, near the Bangladesh–Myanmar border. According to eyewitnesses, Burmese soldiers carried out the massacre with the support of local Rakhines who also resided in the village. Eyewitnesses state that at least 200 women and 300 children were killed.

Satellite images collected before and after the massacre by Amnesty International showed Rohingya neighbourhoods in Tula Toli completely destroyed, whilst Rakhine neighbourhoods remained intact.

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
Laodice VII Thea
Laodice VII Thea Philadelphus (Greek: Λαοδίκη ἡ Θεά καὶ Φιλάδελφος, born after 122 BC–?), was a Greek–Syrian princess of the Seleucid Empire and future queen of Commagene.
She was the daughter of Greek–Syrian King Antiochus VIII Grypus and Greek Ptolemaic Princess Cleopatra Tryphaena (see Cleopatra VI of Egypt), a daughter of Ptolemy VIII Physcon.

Laodice married Mithridates I Callinicus, a prince and future king from the Kingdom of Commagene.
The fathers of Laodice and Mithridates had arranged their marriage as part of a peace alliance between their kingdoms.
Mithridates embraced the Greek culture. 
Laodice bore Mithridates a son, Antiochus I Theos of Commagene (c. 86 BC–38 BC). 
Antiochus became a prince and future king of Commagene.

Cleopatra VI
Cleopatra VI Tryphaena (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα, romanized: Trýphaina, lit. 'dainty') or Cleopatra Tryphaena II  (died c. 57 BC) was a queen of Ptolemaic Egypt who ruled alongside Berenice IV.

Although called Cleopatra VI Tryphaena by some modern historians, she may be identical with Cleopatra V, the known mother of Berenice IV and wife of pharaoh Ptolemy XII Auletes. Or Cleopatra VI could have been a daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes and thus older sibling of Berenice IV, Cleopatra VII, Ptolemy XIII, and Ptolemy XIV. After co-ruling Egypt for a year, Cleopatra VI died of unknown causes in 57 BC, after which Ptolemy XII Auletes returned to Egypt with Roman military aid to overthrow his rival daughter Berenice IV in 55 BC.
Rosenborggade 19
Rosenborggade 19 is an 18th-century property situated at the corner of Rosenborggade and Gothersgade, opposite Rosenborg Castle and next to the Reformed Church, in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was expanded with a detached two-storey building at Gothersgade 113 in 1825. The two buildings were both listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1987.

Rosenborg Castle
Rosenborg Castle (Danish: Rosenborg Slot) is a renaissance castle in Copenhagen, Denmark. The castle was originally built as a country summerhouse in 1606 and is an example of Christian IV's many architectural projects. It was built in the Dutch Renaissance style, typical of Danish buildings during this period, and has been expanded several times, finally evolving into its present condition by the year 1624. Architects Bertel Lange and Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger are associated with the structural planning of the castle.
Stan Rettew
Stan Rettew is an American former football, baseball, and softball coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Mayville State University in Mayville, North Dakota in from 1996 to 2001 and Huron University—in Huron, South Dakota from 2002 to 2004, compiling a career college football record of 18–58. Rettew was also the head baseball coach at Iowa Wesleyan College—now known as Iowa Wesleyan University—in Mount Pleasant, Iowa from 1985 to 1986, tallying a mark of 26–27, and the head softball coach at Mayville State from 1994 to 1998.

Rettew attended Warwick High School in Lititz, Pennsylvania, where he played football and was a member of the Lancaster-Lebanon League championship team in 1977. He went on to Salem College—now known as Salem University—Salem, West Virginia before transferring to Iowa Wesleyan.

Salem University
Salem University is a private for-profit university in Salem, West Virginia, United States. It has about 250 students on campus and about 600 online students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs. The university was founded by the Seventh Day Baptist Church in 1888.
The March (album)
The March is the fourth studio album by American metalcore band Unearth. The album was released on October 14, 2008, through Metal Blade Records. The album is a concept album and has a theme of "symbolizing both the evil and hopeful sides of humanity". This is also their sole album to feature drummer Derek Kerswill, who parted ways with the band in 2010.

Norma Jean (band)
Norma Jean (originally known as Luti-Kriss) is an American metalcore band from Douglasville, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta. Formed in 1997, the band has evolved through various lineup changes, resulting in no original members remaining. To date, Norma Jean has released nine studio albums and received a Grammy Award nomination in 2006 for Best Recording Package for their second album O' God, the Aftermath. The band's name is derived from the real name of actress Marilyn Monroe. The Idea being that the band was forced to change their name from Luti-Kriss, much like Marilyn herself was "forced".
IBM 729
The IBM 729 Magnetic Tape Unit was IBM's tape mass storage system from the late 1950s through the mid-1960s. Part of the IBM 7-track family of tape units, it was used on late 700, most 7000 and many 1400 series computers. Like its predecessor, the IBM 727 and many successors, the 729 used 1⁄2 inch (13 mm) magnetic tape up to 2,400 feet (730 m) long wound on reels up to 10+1⁄2 inches (270 mm) diameter. To allow rapid tape acceleration (and thus reduced seek/access times), long vacuum columns were placed between the tape reels and the read/write heads to absorb sudden increases in tape tension which would otherwise break the tape. Write protection was provided by a removable plastic ring in the back of the tape reel.

Tape head
A tape head is a type of transducer used in tape recorders to convert electrical signals to magnetic fluctuations and vice versa. They can also be used to read credit/debit/gift cards because the strip of magnetic tape on the back of a credit card stores data the same way that other magnetic tapes do. Cassette tapes, reel-to-reel tapes, 8-track tapes, VHS tapes, and even floppy disks and early hard disk drives all use the same principle of physics to store and read back information. The medium is magnetized in a pattern. It then moves at a constant speed over an electromagnet. Since the moving tape is carrying a changing magnetic field with it, it induces a varying voltage across the head. That voltage can then be amplified and connected to speakers in the case of audio, or measured and sorted into ones and zeroes in the case of digital data.
Alentejo Litoral
The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Alentejo Litoral (European Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu lituˈɾal]; "Intermunicipal Community of Littoral Alentejo") is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in May 2009. It is also a NUTS3 subregion of the Alentejo Region. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Grândola. Alentejo Litoral comprises municipalities of both the Beja District and the Setúbal District. The population in 2011 was 97,925, in an area of 5,309.41 km2.

Beja District
The Beja District (Portuguese: Distrito de Beja; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɛʒɐ] ⓘ) is located in southern Portugal. The district capital is the city of Beja. It is the largest district of the country by area, comprising around 11% of Portuguese territory. It borders Spain.
Virtual tax
Virtual tax is a proposed USA tax on internet gamers for items bought or traded solely within the virtual world (Internet game worlds).  The tax on a transaction would be considered as if it were a purchase or sale (if real currency is involved) or barter (if not).  Virtual property, on the death of the owner, would be considered as if it were any other intangible property for the purpose of estate or inheritance tax.  The Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress has investigated taxing such transactions.  This tax might include items bought with virtual currency, virtual items traded for other virtual items, real items traded for virtual items, and real currency traded for virtual items.

United States Congressional Joint Economic Committee
The Joint Economic Committee (JEC) is one of four standing joint committees of the U.S. Congress. The committee was established as a part of the Employment Act of 1946, which deemed the committee responsible for reporting the current economic condition of the United States and for making suggestions for improvement to the economy. The JEC is currently chaired by Representative David Schweikert of Arizona.
Old Lombard dialect
Old Lombard (Old Lombard: lombardesco, lonbardo) is an Old Gallo-Italic dialect and the earliest form of Lombard. Spoken in the 13th and 14th centuries within the Late Middle Ages, several folks such as the Milanese writers Bonvesin da la Riva and Pietro da Barsegapé in the Duecento wrote in this dialect.

Duecento
Duecento (UK: /ˌdjuːəˈtʃɛntoʊ/ DEW-ə-CHEN-toh, Italian: [ˌdu.eˈtʃɛnto]; lit. 'two hundred', short for '1200'), or Dugento, is the Italian word for the Italian culture of the 13th century—that is to say 1200 to 1299. It was during this period that the first shoots of the Italian Renaissance appeared in art and literature, to be further developed in the following trecento period.

This period grew out of the Renaissance of the 12th century and movements originating elsewhere, such as the Gothic architecture of France. Most of the innovation in both the visual arts and literature was concentrated in the second half of the century, after about 1250, when major new directions opened up in both painting and sculpture, mostly in northern Italy, and the Dolce Stil Novo (Sweet New Style) emerged in poetry.
Julius Mkhwanazi
Julius Doctor Mkhwanazi (born 1973) is a South African law enforcement official who served as Deputy Chief of the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Police Department (EMPD). He came to national attention in November 2025 when he was suspended by the City of Ekurhuleni following allegations of corruption, abuse of power, and irregular promotions within the department.

City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
The City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala weDolobhakazi laseKurhuleni; Afrikaans: Ekurhuleni Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Ekurhuleni; Sotho: Masepala wa Toropohadi ya Ekurhuleni) is a metropolitan municipality that forms the local government of the East Rand region of Gauteng, a large suburban region east of Johannesburg. Ekurhuleni means "place of peace" in XiTsonga. Ekurhuleni is one of the five districts of Gauteng and one of the eight metropolitan municipalities of South Africa. The seat of Ekurhuleni is Germiston and the most spoken language is Zulu at 28.6%. The city is home to South Africa's busiest airport, OR Tambo International Airport, which is in the Kempton Park area of Ekurhuleni.
Coastal Transitional Center
Coastal Transitional Center is a minimum security prison located in Savannah, Georgia, in Chatham County, Georgia. The facility houses adult male felons; the capacity is 200. It was constructed in 1940 and was renovated in 2003.
It has 44 living units ranging in size from four to 12 beds.

The mission of Coastal Transitional Center is to protect the community while assisting residents in making a successful transition back into society. It provides social and employment skills in a structured environment. Coastal State Prison, located in Garden City, Georgia, is the host facility for the transitional center.

The transitional center features long-term maintenance residents assigned as permanent workers in Food Service, Maintenance, Lawn Care, Laundry Services, Sanitation, Barbering, and details for other government facilities, while the remaining residents participate in the work release program.

Chatham County, Georgia
Chatham County (/ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of Georgia, on the state's Atlantic coast. The county seat and largest city is Savannah. One of the original counties of Georgia, Chatham County was created February 5, 1777, and is named after William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham.

The U.S. Census Bureau's 2024 estimated population for Chatham County was 307,336 residents. The official 2020 U.S. census population was 295,291 residents, an increase of 11.4% from the official 2010 population of 265,128. Chatham County is the fifth-most-populous county in Georgia, and the state's most populous outside the Atlanta metropolitan area. The county is the core of the Savannah metropolitan area.