hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Detroit and Mackinac Railway
The Detroit and Mackinac Railway (reporting marks D&M, DM), informally known as the "Turtle Line", was a railroad in the northeastern part of the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan.  The railroad had its main offices and shops in Tawas City with its main line running from Bay City north to Cheboygan, and operated from 1894 to 1992. In 1946, it became the first all diesel haul railroad in the United States.

At the end of 1925 it incorporated 375 miles of road and 470 miles of track; that year the Turtle Line reported 81 million ton-miles of revenue freight and seven million passenger-miles. In 1967 it reported 124 million ton-miles on 224 miles of road.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Powderfinger (song)
"Powderfinger" is a song written by Neil Young, first released on his 1979 album Rust Never Sleeps. It subsequently appeared on several of Young's live recordings. A 2014 Rolling Stone special issue on Young ranked it as Young's best song ever.

It has been covered by Band of Horses, Cowboy Junkies, Beat Farmers, Rusted Root, Jazz Mandolin Project, Feelies spin-off Yung Wu, Car Seat Headrest, and Phish. The Australian rock band Powderfinger took their name from this song.

It is ranked number 450 on Rolling Stone's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.

Rusted Root
Rusted Root is an American worldbeat rock band formed in the year 1990 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania by singer-guitarist Michael Glabicki, bassist Patrick Norman and percussionist Liz Berlin. The band got its start as the house band playing a weekly gig in Jack's Back Room on Pittsburgh's South Side. The band achieved fame in 1994 with its platinum-selling album When I Woke, which included the hit single "Send Me on My Way". The song has been featured prominently in many films and commercials. Rusted Root has sold more than three million albums. After releasing The Movement in 2012 and touring through 2015, the band went on an indefinite hiatus, with principal songwriter and vocalist Michael Glabicki forming the group Uprooted with former members of Rusted Root and continuing to tour with that group into the early 2020s.
Malcolm Ashworth
Malcolm Stanley Wyndham Ashworth MBIM MCIM (14 November 1925 – 7 April 1978) was a decorated British army officer and intelligence officer, who is also regarded as the leading figure in the establishment of marketing as a professional discipline in the UK. He is credited with having saved Crawford's Advertising Agency, arguably the most important British advertising agency of the first half of the 20th century, from financial failure in the late 1960s while acting as chairman and chief executive.

Chartered Management Institute
The Chartered Management Institute (CMI) is a professional institution for management based in the United Kingdom. It was founded as the British Institute of Management (BIM) in 1947 or 1948, merged with the Institution of Industrial Managers (IIM) in 1992 to form the Institute of Management (IM), and gained a royal charter, and its present name, in 2002.

The major membership classes are:

Member

Fellow – Senior most position for those with significant expertise

In addition to supporting its members, the organisation encourages management development, carries out research, produces a wide variety of publications on management interests, and publishes the official members' magazine, Professional Manager.  The institute also engages with government and other public bodies concerning policy on management and business related issues. Professional Manager magazine is circulated to over 80,000 members of the CMI.
PILOT
Programmed Inquiry, Learning, or Teaching (PILOT) is a simple high-level programming language developed in the 1960s. Like its sibling LOGO, it was developed as an early foray into the technology of computer-assisted instruction.

PILOT is an imperative language similar in structure to BASIC and FORTRAN in its basic layout and structure. Its keywords are single characters, T for "type" to print text, or A for "accept", to input values from the user.

Turtle graphics
In computer graphics, turtle graphics are vector graphics using a relative cursor (the "turtle") upon a Cartesian plane (x and y axis). Turtle graphics is a key feature of the Logo programming language. It is also a simple and didactic way of dealing with  moving frames.
Last Days and Time
Last Days and Time is the third studio album by American band Earth, Wind & Fire, released in October 1972 by Columbia Records. The album reached No. 15 on the US Billboard Top Soul Albums chart and No. 9 on the UK Blues & Soul Top British Soul Albums chart.

Make It with You
"Make It with You" is a song written by David Gates and originally recorded by American soft rock band Bread, of which Gates was a member. Gates and drummer Mike Botts are the only members of the group to appear on the recording, which was Bread's only No. 1 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
Emilse Miranda Munive
Emilse Miranda Munive (born 14 June 1971) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. She served as a federal deputy in the 62nd Congress, representing Hidalgo's fourth district, and previously served as a local deputy in the LXI Legislature of the Congress of Hidalgo. She was the municipal president of San Bartolo Tutotepec from 2003 to 2006.

Municipal president
A municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) is the chief of government of municipalities in Mexico. This title was also used in the Philippines during the Spanish and American colonial periods; it is comparable to a mayor of the town or city. The position is comparable to the county executive of a county in the United States or to the mayor of a city in the United States, although the jurisdiction of a presidente municipal includes not only a city but the municipality surrounding it.  Nationally, this position is also equivalent to that of Head of Government of the Federal District and that is why these positions are sometimes referred to as "mayors" in English-language publications.
Bangali River
The Bangali River (Bengali: বাঙালি নদী) is one of the main rivers in northern Bangladesh (commonly known as North Bengal). There is the possibility that it might merge with the Jamuna River, which could lead to major changes in the geography of the region.

Dhunat Upazila
Dhunat Upazila (Bengali: ধুনট উপজেলা) is an upazila of Bogra District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Dhunat Thana was established in 1962 and was converted into an upazila in 1983. It is named after its administrative center, the town of Dhunat, which became a municipality in 2001. By 2006 Dhunat Municipality had achieved 100% sanitation and it was awarded as the 2nd pourashava among the country.
Sonesangavi
Sonesangavi is a village in Beed district, Maharashtra, India. It is situated 17 km away from sub-district headquarter Kaij and 76 km away from district headquarter Beed. It belongs to Marathwada region and Aurangabad division. Its altitude is 674 meters above sea level. As of 2009, Sonesangavi is the gram panchayat of Sonesangavi village.

There is no railway station near Sonesangavi in less than 53 km (Dhoki) & 60 km (Parli). Other railway stations near to village are Kalamb Road, Thair, and Murud. Sonesangavi is surrounded by Dharur Taluka towards North, Kalamb Taluka towards South, Wadwani Taluka towards North, Ambajogai Taluka towards East. This Place is in the border of the Beed District and Osmanabad District.

The total population of the village is about 1,384 (2011) among which 738 are male. The number of households in the village is around 327.

Parli Vaijnath
Parli Vaijnath is a city and a municipal council in Beed district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Parli is Second largest city in terms of size and population in Bid district. It is the headquarters of the Parli taluka of Beed district.
Michael Joyner
Michael Joseph Joyner is an American anesthesiologist and physiologist who researches exercise physiology. During the COVID-19 Pandemic, he repurposed his lab and led the US Convalescent Plasma Program.

Exercise physiology
Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions, and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to rehabilitate and manage acute and chronic injuries and conditions.

Understanding the effect of exercise involves studying specific changes in muscular, cardiovascular, and neurohormonal systems that lead to changes in functional capacity and strength due to endurance training or strength training. The effect of training on the body has been defined as the reaction to the adaptive responses of the body arising from exercise or as "an elevation of metabolism produced by exercise".

Exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.
Kiwirok bombings
The Kiwirok bombings were a series of aerial bombardments carried out by the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) against civilians in the Kiwirok district of the Bintang Mountains Regency of West Papua in October 2021.

Bintang Mountains Regency
Pegunungan Bintang Regency or Bintang Mountains Regency ("Bintang" means "star") is a regency in the Indonesian province of Highland Papua. It was created on 11 December 2002 from the north-eastern districts of Jayawijaya Regency. It covers an area of 15,683 km2, and had a population of 65,434 at the 2010 Census and 77,872 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 114,581 – comprising 61,112 males and 53,469 females. The administrative centre is the town of Oksibil.
Zheng Kewei
Zheng Kewei (simplified Chinese: 郑科伟; traditional Chinese: 鄭科偉; pinyin: Zhèng Kēwěi; born January 21, 1980, in Zhabei, Shanghai) is a Chinese football coach and former footballer who played as a midfielder.

Chinese Jia-A League
The National Football Jia A League (simplified Chinese: 全国足球甲A联赛), commonly known as Jia-A, was the highest tier of professional football in the People's Republic of China, during 1994 through 2003, operating under the auspices of the Chinese Football Association.

The Chinese Professional Football League was established in 1994. Under the direct supervision of the CFA's Professional League Committee, this nationwide league was divided into Divisions 1 and 2.  Division 1 was subdivided into Divisions 1A and 1B, Jia A and Jia B, Jia being the Chinese word for top or first. Division 2 was and still is subdivided into regional divisions.
2002 Immanuel bus attack
The Immanuel bus attack was an ambush attack by Palestinian militants against Israeli civilians on 16 July 2002. It was carried out by three Palestinians disguised as Israeli soldiers. The attack came less than a year after the 2001 Immanuel bus attack.

The attackers first detonated a roadside bomb next to an armored civilian Dan No. 189 bus. Immediately afterwards, the assailants opened fire and threw hand grenades at the passengers. Nine Israelis were killed in the attack and 20 people suffered various degrees of injuries.

The attack was claimed by the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) and coordinated with Fatah.

Bnei Brak
Bnei Brak (Hebrew: בני ברק (audio)ⓘ) or Bene Beraq, is a city located on the central Mediterranean coastal plain in Israel, just east of Tel Aviv. A center of Haredi Judaism, Bnei Brak covers an area of 709 hectares (1,752 acres, or 2.74 square miles), and had a population of 223,785 in 2023. It is one of the most densely populated cities in Israel and the seventh-most densely populated city in the world.
Ismail Lika
Ismail Lika was a Kosovar-Albanian mobster active in New York City in the 1980s.

Dubbed the king of the New York drug underworld, Ismail Lika issued a contract on Giuliani's prosecutors in 1985. Ismail Lika was the leader of an ethnic Albanian criminal outfit involved in trafficking heroin from Afghanistan and Turkey, via Kosovo into US. Caught with at least $125 million in heroin, members of this Kosovan smuggling outfit issued a $400,000 contract on the prosecutor Alan Cohen and the detective Jack Delemore, both placed under protective custody as the result.

Kosovo Albanians
The Albanians of Kosovo (Albanian: Shqiptarët e Kosovës, pronounced [ʃcipˈtaɾət ɛ kɔˈsɔvəs]), commonly also called Kosovo Albanians, Kosovan Albanians or Kosovar Albanians,  are an ethnic Albanian population native to Kosovo and constitute the country's largest ethnic group. They belong to the Gheg dialectical sub-group of Albanians, because they speak Gheg Albanian. According to the 2024 national census by the ASK, Albanians comprise 91.8% of the population in Kosovo.
1935 college football rankings
The 1935 college football rankings included (1) a United Press (UP) poll of sports writers, (2) a poll of sports editors conducted by the committee responsible for awarding the Toledo Cup to the nation's top college football team, and the (3) Boand, (4) Dickinson, and (5) Houlgate Systems. The Minnesota Golden Gophers (8–0), led by head coach Bernie Bierman, were selected as national champions in the UP poll, the Toledo Cup voting, and the Boand System. The SMU Mustangs (12–0 prior to losing the 1936 Rose Bowl), led by consensus All-Americans Bob Wilson and J. C. Wetsel, were selected as national champions by Dickinson and Houlgate.

J. C. Wetsel
Jesse Claude "Iron Man" Wetsel (March 17, 1910 – November 5, 1980) was an American college football player for the SMU Mustangs football team of Southern Methodist University in the 1930s.  He was a consensus All-American at the guard position in 1935.
.co (second-level domain)
In a number of countries, .co (an abbreviation of commercial) is used as a second-level domain in the Domain Name System used to route internet traffic. Domain registrants register second-level domains of the form .co.xx, where xx is the country code top level domain (e.g., .co.uk in the U.K. and .co.jp in Japan).

Countries using .co as a second-level domain include: Angola (.ao), Barbados (.bb), Canada (.ca), Cook Islands (.ck), Costa Rica (.cr), India (.in), Indonesia (.id), Israel (.il), Japan (.jp), New Zealand (.nz), South Africa (.za), South Korea (.kr), Thailand (.th),  United Kingdom (.uk) and Venezuela (.ve).

.co is also a country top-level domain corresponding to Colombia. Its current operator, GoDaddy, markets it globally as an alternative to .com.

.il
.il is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Israel, administered by the Israel Internet Association and managed by NIC - ISRAEL which hosts the DNS root server and manages the Israeli Internet Exchange, that supports IPv4 and IPv6.

The .il top-level domain is one of the earliest registered ccTLDs. When Israel registered it, on 24 October 1985, it was the third registration of any ccTLD, after .us and .uk, which were registered earlier that year.

As of 19 August 2023 there are 285,060 domain names registered under the .il ccTLD in Israel.
Pseudo-Barnabas
Pseudo-Barnabas usually refers to the Epistle of Barnabas and to its author, who is considered an Apostolic Father, but whom most modern scholars judge not to be St. Barnabas.

Sometimes "Pseudo-Barnabas" refers to the Gospel of Barnabas, which most scholars consider to be a late medieval work, post-1300.

The Acts of Barnabas is yet another pseudepigraphical work attributed to the name Barnabas.

Apostolic Fathers
The Apostolic Fathers, also known as the Ante-Nicene Fathers, were core Christian theologians among the Church Fathers who lived in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD who are believed to have personally known some of the Twelve Apostles or to have been significantly influenced by them. Their writings, though widely circulated in early Christianity, were not included in the canon of the New Testament. Many of the writings derive from the same time period and geographical location as other works of early Christian literature which came to be part of the New Testament.
The Apartment - Design Your Destiny
The Apartment - Design Your Destiny is the third season of The Apartment, a reality television show which is the longest running reality competition television show in Asia. The concept is that nine teams compete in an interior designing show hosted by Jamie Durie, and judged by both him and Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen. Designed as a pressure stress test, teams will design and decorate a room each week. At the end of the challenge, the winner will walk away with a brand new double-storey home at Elmina, Malaysia. This reality television show is created by Riaz Mehta and produced by Imagine Group.

Deankie and Tiara from the Philippines were declared the winners in this season.

Elmina, Malaysia
City of Elmina is a township in Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. Formerly known as Elmina Estate owned by Guthrie Berhad (now Sime Darby), it is later turned into a township which is developed by Sime Darby Properties.
2017 Ohio Valley Conference women's soccer tournament
The 2017 Ohio Valley Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Ohio Valley Conference held from October 27 through November 5, 2017. The first round and quarterfinals of the tournament were held at campus sites hosted by the #3 and #4 seeds, while the semifinals and final took place at Cutchin Field in Murray, Kentucky. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of four rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The SIU Edwardsville Cougars were the defending champions, but they were eliminated from the 2017 tournament with a 2–1 quarterfinal loss to the Eastern Kentucky Colonels. The Murray State Racers won the tournament with a 1–0 overtime win over Eastern Kentucky in the final. The conference tournament title was the third for the Murray State women's soccer program and the second for head coach Jeremy Groves.

Eastern Kentucky Colonels
The Eastern Kentucky Colonels are the intercollegiate athletic teams of Eastern Kentucky University (EKU), located in Richmond, Kentucky, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the NCAA Division I ranks, primarily competing in the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN) since the 2021–22 academic year. Its football team competes in the United Athletic Conference (UAC), which started play in 2023 as a football-only merger of the ASUN and the Western Athletic Conference (WAC). In July 2026, the UAC will become an all-sports conference as a rebranded WAC, with EKU as a member. The Colonels previously competed in the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) from 1948–49 to 2020–21.
Peristera, Kozani
Peristera (Greek: Περιστέρα, before 1927: Μαρτίτσιον – Martitsion), is a village and a community of the Voio municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Neapoli, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 14 inhabitants in the village.

The 1920 Greek census recorded 258 people in the village. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Martitsion were from East Thrace (1) and Asia Minor (1) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 256 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 2 (8 people).

East Thrace
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace, also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of Turkey that is geographically in Southeast Europe. Turkish Thrace accounts for 3.03% of Turkey's land area and 15% of its population. The largest city is Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus between Europe and Asia. East Thrace is of historic importance as it is next to a major sea trade corridor and constitutes what remains of the once-vast Ottoman region of Rumelia. It is currently also of specific geostrategic importance because the sea corridor, which includes two narrow straits, provides access to the Mediterranean Sea from the Black Sea for the navies of five countries: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia. The region also serves as a future connector of existing Turkish, Bulgarian, and Greek high-speed rail networks.
Due to the guest worker agreement with Turkey and Germany, some Turks in Germany originally come from Eastern Thrace, mostly from the Kırklareli Province.
Intervenous tubercle
The intervenous tubercle (tubercle of Lower) is a small projection on the posterior wall of the right atrium, above the fossa ovalis.

It is distinct in the hearts of quadrupeds, but in man is scarcely visible.

It was supposed by Lower to direct the blood from the superior vena cava toward the atrioventricular opening.

Fossa ovalis (heart)
The fossa ovalis is a depression in the right atrium of the heart, at the level of the interatrial septum, the wall between right and left atrium. The fossa ovalis is the remnant of a thin fibrous sheet that covered the foramen ovale during fetal development.
Arboretum Lehmkuhlen
The Arboretum Lehmkuhlen (50 hectares) is an arboretum maintained by the Guts- und Forstverwaltung Lehmkuhlen. It is located in Lehmkuhlen, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and open by appointment only.

The arboretum was created between 1911-1928 by Cosmos von Milde under Conrad Hinrich IV. Freiherr von Donner, who planted approximately 1500 tree specimens from around the world. Today the arboretum contains about 3200 individual plants of approximately 1000 specimens, including mature specimens of Abies grandis, Abies nordmanniana, Fraxinus ornus, Juglans ailantifolia, Mespilus germanica, Quercus alba, Quercus castaneifolia, Quercus dentata, and Quercus trojana.  A municipal cemetery has been created in its northwestern corner.

Quercus dentata
Quercus dentata, also called Japanese emperor oak, daimyo oak, or  Korean oak (Japanese: 柏, kashiwa; traditional Chinese: 柞櫟; simplified Chinese: 柞栎; pinyin: zuòlì; Korean: 떡갈나무, tteokgalnamu), is a species of oak native to East Asia (Japan, Korea and China). The name of the tree is often translated as "sweet oak" in English to distinguish it from Western varieties. It is placed in section Quercus.