hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Communication and Media
The Ministry of Communication and Media (French: Ministère de la Communication et des Médias) is a governmental body of the Democratic Republic of the Congo responsible for overseeing media policy, regulating press and broadcasting, and ensuring compliance with national communication laws. Headquartered in Kinshasa, it plays a central role in managing the country's press freedom, audiovisual standards, telecommunications framework, and the relationship between state institutions and the media sector.

The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Communication and Media, who also serves as the government's official spokesperson. Since April 2021, this role has been held by Patrick Muyaya Katembwe, who was reappointed to the position in May 2024 under the government of Prime Minister Judith Suminwa following the re-election of President Félix Tshisekedi in the December 2023 presidential elections.

Communications law
Communications law refers to the regulation of electronic communications by wire or radio.  It encompasses regulations governing broadcasting, telephone and telecommunications service, cable television, satellite communications, wireless telecommunications, and the Internet.
1879 Ennis by-election
The 1879 Ennis by-election was fought on 26 July 1879.  The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent Home Rule MP, William Stacpoole.  It was won by the Home Rule candidate James Lysaght Finegan.

James Lysaght Finegan
James Lysaght Finegan or Finigan (1844–8 September 1900) was an Irish barrister, soldier, merchant and politician. 
He was educated by the Congregation of Christian Brothers and described as an "Anti-clericalist", and with his family engaged in the tea trade, while supporting the Nationalist cause. In 1867 a nationalist called Michael Breslin was forced to leave Ireland, and only avoided arrest thanks to documents given to him by Finegan certifying him as a tea trader.

Finegan later served in the French Foreign Legion during the Franco-Prussian War, leaving in 1871 at the conclusion of the war. In the 1879 by-election in Ennis  he was proposed as an alternative candidate to that of the Home Rule League by Charles Stewart Parnell; he won by only six votes, out of 247 electors. His service in parliament was brief; he resigned in 1882.
Khiv
Khiv (Russian: Хив, Tabassaran: Хив) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Khivsky District of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  2,659 (2010 Census); 2,243 (2002 Census); 2,162 (1989 Soviet census).

Tabasaran language
Tabasaran (also written Tabassaran) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Lezgic branch. It is spoken by the Tabasaran people in the southern part of the Russian Republic of Dagestan. There are two main dialects: North (Khanag) and South Tabasaran. It has a literary language based on the Southern dialect, one of the official languages of Dagestan.

Tabasaran is an ergative language. The verb system is relatively simple; verbs agree with the subject in number, person and (in North Tabasaran) class. North Tabasaran has two noun classes (that is, grammatical gender), whereas Southern Tabasaran lacks noun classes / gender.
Chechen mujahideen in Syria
The Chechen mujahideen in Syria (Russian: Чеченские моджахеды в Сирии; Arabic: المجاهدون الشيشان في سوريا; Chechen: Noxçiyn mudƶahidaş Şemaẋ) are ethnic Chechen members of Sunni Islamist armed groups. They are organized into military factions, and take part in the civil war in Syria to fight against the government of Bashar al-Assad on the side of the Syrian opposition and Tahrir al-Sham, also on the side of the Islamic State.

Chechen language
Chechen (Нохчийн, Noxçiyn, [ˈnɔxt͡ʃĩː]) is a Northeast Caucasian language, spoken primarily by the Chechen people, native to the Russian republic of Chechnya, as well as its neighbouring republics. With approximately 1.8 million speakers, it is also spoken by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of the world.
Ahar River
The Ahar River is a tributary of the Berach River which drains to the Banas River, a tributary of the Chambal river which drains to the Yamuna River, the principal tributary of Ganges River.

The river flows through Udaipur city. The outflow of Lake Pichola and Fateh Sagar Lake of Udaipur district enters the Ahar river. The river further downstream feeds Udaisagar Lake just outside Udaipur city.

Ahar River is also the site of 3000 BC to 1500BC Chalcolithic (copper-stone age) archaeological culture, the Ahar-Banas culture.

On the river bank in Udaipur there are royal cenotaphs (memorials) of Maharanas of Mewar called "Ahar ki Chhatriya" literally Ahar Cenotaphs.

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.
Tomasz Józef Zamoyski
Tomasz Józef Zamoyski (1678–1725) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).

Tomasz became the 5th Ordynat of Zamość estate. He was also starost of Płoskirów and Gródek and became a Royal Colonel. Zamoyski was painted by Louis de Silvestre and the portrait in now in the Zamosc Museum.

Museum of Zamość
The Museum of Zamość (Polish: Muzeum Zamojskie) is a registered museum in Poland, founded in the historic city of Zamość in 1926 during the interbellum. It is located in the centre of the Old City, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The exhibition spaces are arranged at the upper floors of the meticulously restored tenement houses (kamienice) built during the Renaissance by immigrant Armenians in Poland who settled there in 1585, thanks to privileges granted by the Grand Hetman of the Crown Jan Zamoyski. The Museum is divided into six departments including Archeology, Library, Ethnography, General History, the Rotunda, and Education.
Aquila d'Arroscia
Aquila d'Arroscia (Ligurian: Aquila d'Areuscia) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Imperia.

Aquila d'Arroscia borders the following municipalities: Alto, Borghetto d'Arroscia, Caprauna, Nasino, Onzo, and Ranzo.

Imperia
Imperia (pronounced [imˈpɛːrja] ⓘ; Ligurian: Inpêia [iŋˈpeːja] or Inpéria) is a coastal city and comune in the region of Liguria, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Imperia, and historically it was capital of the Intemelia district of Liguria. Benito Mussolini created the city of Imperia on 21 October 1923 by combining Porto Maurizio and Oneglia, as well as the surrounding village communes of Piani, Caramagna Ligure, Castelvecchio di Santa Maria Maggiore, Borgo Sant'Agata, Costa d'Oneglia, Poggi, Torrazza, Moltedo and Montegrazie.

Imperia is well known for the cultivation of flowers and olives, and is a popular summer destination for visitors. The local Piscina Felice Cascione indoor pool has hosted numerous national and international aquatics events.
Italy at the Rugby World Cup
Italy have competed in all the Rugby World Cup tournaments, having made their first appearance in the inaugural 1987 tournament. They have finished third in their pool at every tournament, except in 1999, the only tournament where they lost more than two games. Having never finished in the top two in their pool, they have never qualified to progress to the quarter-finals. They have won the most matches of those that have never made it to the quarter-finals.

Because they finished third in Pool C of the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France, they automatically qualified to compete in the 2011 tournament in New Zealand. A similar finishing position in that tournament saw them automatically qualify for the 2015 World Cup in England, where they retained the third place and the automatic qualification for France 2023.

Portugal national rugby union team
The Portugal national rugby union team, nicknamed Os Lobos (The Wolves), represents Portugal in men's international competitions, They are  administered by the Portuguese Rugby Federation.
Portugal have experienced modest success in the last two decades. They qualified for the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France and though they lost all their matches, they managed to score one try in each game and led against Romania until the late minutes.

Portugal qualified for their second Rugby World Cup in 2022, topping a repechage qualifying group featuring the United States, Hong Kong, and Kenya to qualify for the 2023 Rugby World Cup. In that edition of the tournament, Portugal got their first draw in a Rugby World Cup against Georgia 18–18, and got their first ever win in the Rugby World Cup when they beat Fiji 24–23. Portugal will play in its third Rugby World Cup in 2027.
Dizzy bat
Dizzy bat (also known as Louisville chugger, D-bat, and The Spins) is a drinking game in which the participant chugs a full beer out of the holding end of a Wiffle ball bat. While the person is chugging, the surrounding participants count off in seconds how long it takes for the person to finish the full beer. The other players cannot stop shouting numbers until the batter turns the bat upside down to prove that every last drop has been consumed.

The participant must then lean over and spin around with their forehead placed on the end of the bat for however long it took to finish chugging. Once the participant has finished spinning, another person tosses the empty beer can in the air, and the participant must hit the can with the Wiffle ball bat. If the participant misses the can, they must spin an additional three times and try again to hit it again.

Drinking
Drinking is the act of ingesting water or other liquids into the body through the mouth, proboscis, or elsewhere. Humans drink by swallowing, completed by peristalsis in the esophagus. The physiological processes of drinking vary widely among other animals.

Most animals drink water to maintain bodily hydration, although many can survive on the water gained from their food. Water is required for many physiological processes. Both inadequate and (less commonly) excessive water intake are associated with health problems.
Woke Up
"Woke Up" is a song by Japanese vocal group XG. It was released through Xgalx on May 21, 2024 and is considered the group's first song to be entirely composed of rapping. The song was a top-ten hit and certified gold in the group's home country.

A remix of "Woke Up" with various Japanese and Korean rappers was released on September 20, 2024. The remix was subsequently included on XG's second EP, Awe, which was released on November 8, 2024.

Awe (EP)
Awe is the second extended play (EP) by Japanese vocal group XG. It was released on November 8, 2024, through Xgalx, and was the group's follow-up album release to their first, New DNA, in 2023. Similar to their first, the EP is recorded primarily in English. It was promoted with five singles: "Something Ain't Right" and "IYKYK", preceded the EP's release; "Howling", released concurrently with the EP; and "Is This Love" and "In the Rain", after the EP's release.
USRC Boutwell
USRC George S. Boutwell (later Boutwell) was a revenue cutter of the United States Revenue Cutter Service that served from 1873 to 1907 designed for cruising the southern coasts. She was named for George S. Boutwell, the 28th United States Secretary of the Treasury.

United States Revenue Cutter Service
The United States Revenue Cutter Service was established by an Act of Congress (1 Stat. 175) on 4 August 1790 as the Revenue-Marine at the recommendation of the nation's first secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton.

The federal government body was initially created to serve as an armed customs enforcement service. Over time, however, the service gradually gained missions either voluntarily or by legislation, including those of a military nature. It was generally referred to as the Revenue-Marine until 31 July 1894, when it was officially renamed the Revenue Cutter Service. The Revenue Cutter Service operated under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On 28 January 1915, the service was merged by an act of Congress with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard.
Hakob Manandian
Hakob Hamazaspi Manandyan (Armenian: Հակոբ Համազասպի Մանանդյան; November 22, 1873 – February 4, 1952) was an Armenian historian, philologist, and member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1939) and the Academy of Sciences of Armenia (1943).

His most important work is A Critical Survey of the History of the Armenian People (vols. 1–3, 1945–57). He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour.

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Cliff-former
A cliff-former is a geological unit of bedrock that is more resistant to erosion than overlying or underlying strata and consequently produces outcrops with high slope angles.  It is more or less equivalent to ridge-former, and may be contrasted with slope-former.  In humid environments, sandstones are typically cliff-formers.  In arid environments, limestones are often cliff-formers also.  Recent lavas may be cliff-formers as well.

In the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the eastern United States the major ridge-formers are the Tuscarora, Pocono, and Pottsville Formations.

Bedrock
In geology, bedrock is the solid rock that lies under weathered rock and unconsolidated or loose superficial deposits (together known as regolith) in the near surface part of Earth's crust or the crust of another terrestrial planet. The top of the bedrock is known as rockhead.
Missisquoi River Bridge
The Mississquoi River Bridge (known in Canada as the Pont de la Vallée) is a steel truss bridge, spanning the Missisquoi River between Richford, Vermont and Sutton, Quebec on the Canada–United States border.  It connects Chemin de la Vallée Missisquoi in Sutton with Vermont Route 105A in Richford, between the border stations of the East Richford–Glen Sutton Border Crossing.  The bridge was built by the state of Vermont in 1929, and is one of two in the state built by the Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company.  It was listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Missisquoi River
The Missisquoi River is a transboundary river of the east shore of Lake Champlain (via Missisquoi Bay), approximately 80 miles (130 km) long, in northern Vermont in the United States and southern Quebec in Canada.

It drains a rural area of the northern Green Mountains along the Canada–US border northeast of Lake Champlain, and an area of Quebec's Eastern Townships. The South Branch rises in Vermont and runs generally from southeast to northwest; the North Branch rises in Lake d'Argent in Eastman, Quebec, and runs from north to south. The North Branch and the South Branch join at Highwater, Quebec, just downriver from North Troy, Vermont. The river then runs in Quebec for approximately 15 miles (24 km), re-entering Vermont at Richford and thence to Lake Champlain's Missisquoi Bay.
Xanthesma euxesta
Xanthesma euxesta, or Xanthesma (Argohesma) euxesta, is a species of bee in the family Colletidae and the subfamily Euryglossinae. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1969 by Australian entomologist Elizabeth Exley.

Euryglossinae
Euryglossinae is a subfamily of plasterer bees endemic to Australia. Most of the 400+ species in the subfamily are very small, with the largest reaching 10 mm in length. Females of this subfamily carry pollen internally, in the crop.
Goverdhan Mehta
Goverdhan Mehta (born 26 June 1943) is an Indian researcher and scientist. From 1998-2005 he was the director of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). Previously from 1977-1998, Mehta was a professor of chemistry and vice-chancellor at the University of Hyderabad. Mehta has authored over 550 research papers.

The World Academy of Sciences
The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries (TWAS) is a merit-based science academy established for developing countries, uniting more than 1,400 scientists in some 100 countries. Its principal aim is to promote scientific capacity and excellence for sustainable development in developing countries. It was formerly known as the Third World Academy of Sciences, named after the "third world" group of non-aligned states. Its headquarters is located on the premises of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy.
Periodontal ligament stem cells
Periodontal ligament stem cells or periodontal membrane stem cells are stem cells found near the periodontal ligament of the teeth. These cells have shown potential in the regeneration of not only the periodontal complex but also other dental and non-dental tissues. They are involved in adult regeneration of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum.  The cells are known to express STRO-1 and CD146 proteins.

Periodontal ligament stem cells play a role as progenitor cells. They are capable of generating into osteoblasts, cementoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes.

Alveolar process
The alveolar process (/ælˈviːələr, ˌælviˈoʊlər, ˈælviələr/) is the portion of bone containing the tooth sockets on the jaw bones (in humans, the maxilla and the mandible). The alveolar process is covered by gums within the mouth, terminating roughly along the line of the mandibular canal. Partially comprising compact bone, it is penetrated by many small openings for blood vessels and connective fibres.

The bone is of clinical, phonetic and forensic significance.
Ďumbier
Ďumbier (2,043 m or 6,703 ft) is the highest mountain in the Low Tatra range, in central Slovakia. Despite the remains of medieval mines (gold, iron, antimony), the massif is now protected as a part of the Low Tatras National Park.

The easily accessible summit offers a scenic view of High Tatra, Liptov and the valley of Hron. A chalet called Chata M. R. Štefánika is situated under the summit (1,740 m). Ďumbier, as well as the nearby Chopok mountain, can be reached following the hiking trails either from the north (from the Demänovská dolina and Jánska dolina valleys) or from the south (from the bus stop Trangoška).

Demänovská Dolina
Demänovská Dolina (Hungarian: Deménvölgy) is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. More precisely, it is situated in Demänovská valley, where Demänovská Cave of Liberty and Demänovská Ice Cave can be found.
Rosa Lowinger
Rosa Lowinger is a noted Cuban-born American writer, curator and art conservator.  She is the author of Tropicana Nights: The Life and Times of the Legendary Cuban Nightclub, and various articles on Cuban culture, modern art and architecture. She is considered an expert in Cuba cultural travel, specializing in trips that focus on 1950s nightlife, contemporary art and architecture.

Conservation and restoration of cultural property
The conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property (tangible cultural heritage), including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education. This field is closely allied with conservation science, curators and registrars.
Bar-tailed godwit
The bar-tailed godwit (Limosa lapponica) is a large and strongly migratory wader in the family Scolopacidae, which feeds on bristle-worms and shellfish on coastal mudflats and estuaries. It has distinctive red breeding plumage, long legs, and a long upturned bill. Bar-tailed godwits breed on Arctic coasts and tundra from Scandinavia to Alaska, and overwinter on coasts in temperate and tropical regions of Australia and New Zealand. The migration of the subspecies Limosa lapponica baueri across the Pacific Ocean from Alaska to New Zealand is the longest known non-stop flight of any bird, and also the longest journey without pausing to feed by any animal. The round-trip migration for this subspecies is over 29,000 km (18,020 mi).

Anabar (river)
The Anabar (Russian: Анабар, romanized: Anabar, in its upper course: Большая Куонамка Bolshaya Kuonamka; Yakut: Анаабыр, romanized: Anaabır) is a river in Sakha, Russia. It is 380 kilometres (240 mi) long (939 km (583 mi) counting the 559 km (347 mi) long Bolshaya Kuonamka ("Big Kuonamka") stretch of its upper course) and has a drainage basin of 100,000 square kilometres (39,000 sq mi).
Questar Pipeline
40°46′N 111°53′W﻿ / ﻿40.767°N 111.883°W﻿ / 40.767; -111.883
Questar Pipeline Company (QPC) provides natural gas transportation and underground storage services from the Rocky Mountains region.  Its FERC code is 55. Questar Pipeline is a subsidiary of Questar Corporation. Questar Corporation was acquired in 2016 by Dominion Energy.

Dominion Energy
Dominion Energy, Inc., commonly referred to as Dominion, is an American energy company headquartered in Richmond, Virginia that supplies electricity in parts of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina and supplies natural gas to parts of Utah, Idaho and Wyoming, West Virginia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. Dominion also has generation facilities in Indiana, Illinois, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

The company acquired Questar Corporation in the Western United States, including parts of Utah and Wyoming, in September 2016. In January 2019, Dominion Energy completed its acquisition of SCANA Corporation.
Hyposmocoma cryptogamiella
Hyposmocoma cryptogamiella is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai and Hawaii. The type locality is Olaa Forest.

The larvae feed on Acacia koa, Clermontia, Lantana, Metrosideros and Sophora species. The larvae are naked stem-borers.

Sophora
Sophora is a genus of about 45 species of small trees and shrubs in the pea family Fabaceae. The species have a pantropical distribution. The generic name is derived from sophera, an Arabic name for a pea-flowered tree.

The genus formerly had a broader interpretation including many other species now treated in other genera, notably Styphnolobium (pagoda tree genus), which differs in lacking nitrogen fixing bacteria (rhizobia) on the roots, and Dermatophyllum (the mescalbeans). Styphnolobium has galactomannans as seed polysaccharide reserve, in contrast Sophora contains arabinogalactans, and Dermatophyllum amylose.

The New Zealand Sophora species are known as kōwhai.

The seeds of species such as Sophora affinis and Sophora chrysophylla are reported to be poisonous.