hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HD 49947
HD 49947 (HR 2531) is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Volans. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.36, placing it near the max naked eye visibility. Parallax measurements place the object at a distance of 459 light years but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 15.88 km/s

HD 49947 has a stellar classification of G8 III and is a red clump giant, meaning that it is located on the warm end of the horizontal branch. At present it has double the mass of the Sun and at an age of 1.27 billion years, has expanded to an enlarged radius of 10.33 solar radii. It radiates at 61 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,964 K, giving a yellow hue. HD 49947 is metal deficient with an iron abundance 68% that of Sun and spins very slowly.

Horizontal branch
The horizontal branch (HB) is a stage of stellar evolution that immediately follows the red-giant branch in stars whose masses are similar to the Sun's. Horizontal-branch stars are powered by helium fusion in the core (via the triple-alpha process) and by hydrogen fusion (via the CNO cycle) in a shell surrounding the core. The onset of core helium fusion at the tip of the red-giant branch causes substantial changes in stellar structure, resulting in an overall reduction in luminosity, some contraction of the stellar envelope, and the surface reaching higher temperatures.
Vannini
Vannini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Vannini (born 1938)

Elia Vannini (1637–1695): Italian Baroque composer and Carmelite friar

Giuditta Vannini (1859–1911)

Marco Vannini (born 1943), Italian biologist

Pietro Vannini (1413/1414–1495/1496), Italian artist and silversmith

Ottavio Vannini (1585–c. 1643), Italian Baroque painter

Elia Vannini
Elia Vannini (c. 1644 – 16 February 1709) was a Baroque composer and Carmelite friar. He was the maestro di cappella (kapellmeister) of the Cathedral of Ravenna from 1677 to 1701. While his works, including five published works, continued to be played for decades after his passing, only since the 1970s has there been a renewed interest in his music. A primary school in Medicina, Italy, is named for him.
Alan Reynolds (rugby union)
Alan David Reynolds (born 24 January 1966) is a Welsh former rugby union international.

Born in Carmarthen, Reynolds is known as "Santa", a nickname which came about because his parents owned the Santa Clara Pub in St Clears. He played his early rugby with Whitland RFC.

Reynolds, a flanker, spent most of his career with Swansea RFC and earned three caps for Wales. He was capped twice on the 1990 tour of Namibia and played against Australia at Cardiff in 1992.

Carmarthen
Carmarthen (UK: /kərˈmɑːrðən/ kər-MAR-dhən, locally /kɑːrˈ-/ kar-; Welsh: Caerfyrddin [kaːɨrˈvərðɪn], 'Merlin's fort' or possibly 'Sea-town fort') is the county town of Carmarthenshire and a community in Wales, lying on the River Towy 8 miles (13 km) north of its estuary in Carmarthen Bay. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 14,636, and the built up area had a population of 16,455. It stands on the site of a Roman town, and has a claim to be the oldest town in Wales. In the middle ages it comprised twin settlements: Old Carmarthen around Carmarthen Priory and New Carmarthen around Carmarthen Castle. The two were merged into one borough in 1546. It was the most populous borough in Wales in the 16th–18th centuries, described by William Camden as "chief citie of the country". It was overtaken in size by the mid-19th century, following the growth of settlements in the South Wales Coalfield.
2005 Japan Series
The 2005 Japan Series was the championship series of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the 2005 season. The 56th edition of the Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff matched the Central League champion Hanshin Tigers against the Pacific League champion Chiba Lotte Marines.  It would become the most one-sided Japan Series in history, as the Marines outscored the Tigers 33-4 throughout the series. On the other hand, the Tigers had several worst records in the Japan Series, scoring only 4 runs, an earned run average of 8.63, and getting no home runs. Their offense was also only limited to 2 extra base hits; a double from both Andy Sheets and Takashi Toritani.

Tomoya Satozaki
Tomoya Satozaki (里崎 智也, Satozaki Tomoya; born May 20, 1976, in Naruto, Tokushima, Japan) is a former Japanese professional baseball player. He played his entire career with the Chiba Lotte Marines in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball. He played for Japan in the 2006 World Baseball Classic, and made the 2006 All-World Baseball Classic team.
Lovers Prayers
Lovers Prayers is the seventh studio album by American indie rock band Ida, released on January 29, 2008, by Tiger Style Records. It has been reviewed by AllMusic, Pitchfork, Magnet Magazine, and PopMatters. Band members Mitchell and Littleton performed songs from the album on the NPR newsmagazine show Bryant Park Project.

Tara Jane O'Neil
Tara Jane O'Neil (born November 22, 1972) (surname sometimes written as "ONeil"; sometimes credited as TJO) is an American multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, audio recording engineer, and visual artist based out of Los Angeles, California, United States.
Romania national bobsleigh team
The Romanian national bobsleigh team represents Romania in international bobsledding competitions.

The team made its debut with the five-man bobsleigh at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz.

At the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble the Romanian selection won a historic bronze medal with the two-man bobsleigh team led by Ion Panțuru and Nicolae Neagoe, which is the only medal won by Romania at the Winter Olympics. At the same Olympics, Romania was also close to a bronze medal in the four-man competition, placing fourth.

Bobsleigh at the 1968 Winter Olympics – Two-man
The Two-man bobsleigh competition at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble was held on 4 and 5 February, at L'Alpe d'Huez. There was a tie for first place. Despite initially ruling that both teams would be awarded the gold medals, the judges awarded the sole gold to the Italian team based on their fastest single heat time. Panturu and Neagoe are the only Romanians to medal at the Winter Olympics as of the 2026 Games.
Kosmos 2466
Kosmos 2466 (Russian: Космос 2466 meaning Cosmos 2466) is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2010 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2465 and Kosmos 2464.

This satellite is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 738.

Kosmos 2464/5/6 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 05:49 UTC on 2 September 2010. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2010-041A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 27137.

It is in the second orbital plane of the GLONASS constellation, in orbital slot 16. It started operations on 11 October 2010.

Proton-M
The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or 8K82KM, is an expendable Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet-developed Proton. It is built by Khrunichev, and launched from sites 81/24 and 200/39 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Commercial launches are marketed by International Launch Services (ILS), and generally use Site 200/39. The first Proton-M launch occurred on 7 April 2001.

Proton flew its most recent mission on February 12, 2026. As of August 2020, a number of Roscosmos and other Russian government missions remain on Proton launch manifest.
Kelly Brady (publicist)
Kelly Brady is an American publicist and former reality television personality. She is known for starring in PoweR Girls. She also starred in Style Network docuseries City Girl Diaries; a "real life" adaptation of "Sex in The City".

She helped publicize the careers of celebrities such as Tinsley Mortimer, Jessica Hart, and Jessica White.

Jessica White
Jessica Angel White (born June 21, 1984) is an American fashion model, actress and television personality. She is best known for being a Victoria's Secret runway model, Maybelline spokesperson and working for CoverGirl, as well as her appearances in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issues. Outside of modeling, she has appeared on several television series, such as The Young and the Restless, America's Next Top Model, Famously Single, Zoe Ever After, Hip Hop Squares and Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta.
Oliver Maillard
Oliver Maillard (b. at Juignac, (?), Brittany, about 1430; d. at Toulouse, 22 July 1502) was a Breton Franciscan preacher.

He was celebrated as forceful and popular, for his Lenten sermons in both churches and public places. His style of preaching was blunt, sometimes coarse, witty and satirical, influenced by the school of Bernardino of Siena. He criticized bankers for charging exorbitant interest, accused Louis XI of cruelty, and espoused the cause of Jeanne de Valois.

Maillard confirmed Charles VIII of France in his plan of restoring Roussillon and Cerdagne to Aragon. Pope Innocent VIII asked Maillard in 1488 to use his best endeavours with the French king for abolishing the Pragmatic Sanction.

Joan of France, Duchess of Berry
Joan of France (French: Jeanne de France, Jeanne de Valois; 23 April 1464 – 4 February 1505), sometimes called Joan the Lame (French: Jeanne la boiteuse), was briefly Queen of France as wife of King Louis XII, in between the death of her brother, King Charles VIII, and the annulment of her marriage. After that, she retired to her domain, where she soon founded the monastic Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, where she served as abbess. From this Order later sprang the religious congregation of the Apostolic Sisters of the Annunciation, founded in 1787 to teach the children of the poor. She was canonized on 28 May 1950.
Secretary of Justice (Philippines)
The secretary of justice (Filipino: kalihim ng katarungan) is the head of the Department of Justice and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The position is currently held by its Acting Secretary Usec. Fredderick A. Vida since October 10, 2025 following Jesus Crispin Remulla's appointment as Ombudsman.

Cabinet of the Philippines
The Cabinet of the Philippines (Filipino: Gabinete ng Pilipinas, usually referred to as the Cabinet or Gabinete) consists of the heads of the largest part of the executive branch of the national government of the Philippines. Currently, it includes the secretaries of 23 executive departments and the heads of other several other minor agencies and offices that are subordinate to the president of the Philippines.

The cabinet secretaries are tasked to advise the president on the different affairs of the state such as agriculture, budget, energy, finance, education, social welfare, national defense, and foreign policy.

They are nominated by the president and then presented to the Commission on Appointments, a body of the Congress of the Philippines that confirms all appointments made by the president, for confirmation or rejection. If the presidential appointees are approved, they are sworn into office, receive the title "Secretary", and begin to function their duties.
Marzio Mastrilli
Marzio Mastrilli (6 September 1753 – 4 February 1833), Marquis of Gallo (marchese di Gallo), was a Neapolitan nobleman, diplomat and statesman. The second son of Mario, Duke of Marigliano, and Giovanna Caracciolo di Capriglia, he was born at the castle of Ponticchio, near Nola. As per family custom, he received the secundogeniture of the small marquisate of Gallo. Only in 1813 did King Joachim Murat raise his title to Duke of Gallo (duca di Gallo) and make it hereditary.

In 1801 Mastrilli married his niece, Maddalena, daughter of his brother Giovanni, in Naples. She died on 4 January 1812, a victim of several stillbirths. In 1813 Mastrilli married Maria Luisa Colonna, daughter of Andrea, Prince of Stigliano, who bore him heirs. He died at Naples; his mémoires were finally published by Benedetto Maresca in 1888 under the title Le Memorie del duca di Gallo.

Gallo Matese
Gallo Matese (Molisano: Ru Uàllë) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located in a valley near the Matese Apennines chain and the boundary with Molise, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of Naples and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Caserta. Its territory is also home of an artificial lake with the same name. The territory is mostly mountainous.

The town was one of the few settled by a small Bulgar horde in the 7th century.
Stari Jankovci
Stari Jankovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Стари Јанковци, Hungarian: Ivanóc) is a village and a municipality in Vukovar-Syrmia County, Croatia

The village is located to the northeast of the M104 railway route. The village is connected with the rest of the country by the D46 state road connecting it with the town of Vinkovci and continuing into Serbia as the State Road 120 to the nearest town of Šid.

Šid
Šid (Serbian Cyrillic: Шид, pronounced [ʃîːd]; Hungarian: Sid) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It has a population of 12,628, while the municipality has 27,894 inhabitants (2022 census). A border crossing between Serbia and Croatia is located in the town.
Mainstream Republicans of Washington
Mainstream Republicans of Washington is a political action organization dedicated to promoting moderation in the Republican Party in Washington state by providing financial and other support to centrist Republican candidates standing for election in swing districts and statewide office.

Marginal seat
A marginal seat or swing seat is a constituency held with a small majority in a legislative election, generally one conducted under a single-winner voting system. In Canada, they may be known as target ridings.  The opposite is a safe seat. The term ultra-marginal seat refers to a constituency with a majority of single digits, usually within a percentage of 2%.

Examples of traditionally marginal seats in the United Kingdom include Broxtowe, Watford, Bolton West and Thurrock. In Australia, marginal seats include Lindsay in New South Wales, Bass in Tasmania, Longman in Queensland and Corangamite in Victoria. Ultra-marginal seats in Australia include the federal seat of Gilmore in New South Wales and the state seats of Bundaberg in Queensland and Kogarah in New South Wales.
Paolo Zampolli
Paolo Zampolli (born March 5 1970) is an Italian-American businessman. Zampolli, who immigrated to the United States in 1994 to found a modeling agency, soon became a close friend of Donald Trump and introduced him to his future wife, Melania Knauss, in 1998. After moving out of modeling, Zampolli founded a real estate firm and held roles representing Dominica at the UN. In 2020, Trump named Zampolli to the Kennedy Center's Board of Trustees. In the second Trump administration, Zampolli was named special envoy for global partnerships, in which capacity he has represented the United States in varied settings.

Office of Global Partnerships
The Office of Global Partnerships (E/GP) is a small office within the U.S. Department of State reporting to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment. Launched in 2008 by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, it self-describes as serving as "the entry point for collaboration between the U.S. Department of State, the public and private sectors, and civil society".
Percy Stallard
Percy Thornley Stallard (19 July 1909 – 11 August 2001) was an English racing cyclist who reintroduced massed-start road racing on British roads in the 1940s.

Born in Wolverhampton, at his father's boarding house in Broad Street which later became his bike shop, Stallard became a member of the Wolverhampton Wheelers Cycling club and a keen competitor in cycle races, competing for Great Britain in international races during the 1930s, including three consecutive world championships (1933–1935). He was also a successful cycling coach and team captain.

Cycling Weekly
Cycling Weekly is the world's oldest cycling publication. It is both a weekly cycling magazine and a news, features and buying advice website. It is published by Future.  It used to be affectionately referred to by British club cyclists as "The Comic".
Ohio Seventh District Court of Appeals
The Ohio Seventh District Court of Appeals is one of the twelve Ohio District Courts of Appeal, the state intermediate appellate courts of Ohio. It has jurisdiction over eight counties: Belmont, Carroll, Columbiana, Harrison, Jefferson, Mahoning, Monroe, and Noble.

When a lower court in one of those eight counties has issued a final appealable order, the parties generally have the right to one appeal to the court of appeals.  A further appeal may be attempted to the Ohio Supreme Court (which has discretionary jurisdiction and elects to hear a comparably small number of cases).

Columbiana County, Ohio
Columbiana County is located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,877. The county seat is Lisbon and its largest city is Salem. Created in 1803, the county name is derived from that of 15th-century Italian explorer Christopher Columbus.

Columbiana County is predominantly rural and considered part of Appalachian Ohio. While northern communities are more associated with Northeast Ohio, southern communities along the Ohio River are culturally closer to the Upper Ohio Valley region. Columbiana County comprises the Salem, Ohio micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the larger Youngstown–Warren–Salem combined statistical area. Officially considered part of the Youngstown media market, stations from Steubenville regularly report in the area as well.
Charles Cumont
Baron Charles Paul de Cumont (31 May 1902 – 9 June 1990) was a Belgian general, and served as chairman of the Belgian joint chiefs of staff between 1959 and 1963, and chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 1962 to 1963 and again in 1964 to 1968. He was also a modern pentathlete who competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics. He finished in 35th equal place with Josef Schejbal.

NATO Military Committee
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)'s Military Committee (abbr.  MC) is the body that is composed of member states' chiefs of defence (CHOD). These national CHODs are regularly represented in the MC by their permanent Military Representatives (MilRep), who often are officers of the rank of general and admiral. Like the Council, from time to time the Military Committee also meets at a higher level, namely at the level of Chiefs of Defence, the most senior military officer in each nation's armed forces.
Enxhi Seli-Zacharias
Enxhi Seli-Zacharias (born 29 September 1993 in Tirana) is an Albanian-born German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2022. She is the deputy group leader of the Alternative for Germany.

Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
The Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia is the state parliament (Landtag) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which convenes in the state capital of Düsseldorf, in the eastern part of the district of Hafen. The parliament is the central legislative body in the political system of North Rhine-Westphalia. In addition to the passage of laws, its most important tasks are the election of the Minister-President of the state and the administration of the government. The current government is a coalition of the CDU and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Hendrik Wüst since June 2022.

The most recent state election took place on 15 May 2022.
A75 autoroute
The A75 is an autoroute (motorway) in France.

Known also as la Méridienne, it is a developmental project aiming to speed up, and reduce the cost of car travel from Paris to the south of France. Apart from the Millau Viaduct, it is free for the entire 335 km (208 mi) between Clermont-Ferrand and Béziers. It was not due to be finished until spring 2011, but was fully opened in December 2010. South of St. Flour there are views of the Garabit viaduct.

A large portion of the A75 is also part of the European route E11.

International E-road network
The International E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe, Central Asia and Asia Minor, developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and ordinary roads (as defined by ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/3/Rev.1).

The display of European roads on signs depend on jurisdiction. In most countries, the roads carry the European route designation alongside national designations. However, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden have integrated them as their sole route designations (examples: E18 and E6) in most cases. Some places, such as the United Kingdom and Albania do not show the European designations at all.

Other continents have similar international road networks, e.g., the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway network, and the Asian Highway Network.
Sanger Shepherd
Sanger Shepherd and Company Limited was an electrical goods and photographic company that developed the Sanger Shepherd process for taking colour photographs. The company led by Edward Sanger Shepherd was active from 1900 until 1927.

Sarah Angelina Acland of Oxford, England, used the process among others for her early colour photography at the beginning of the 20th century, with examples held at the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford. The process involved taking separate photographs through red, green, and blue coloured filters and then combining them later. A complete outfit cost £9/6/6 (£9.321/2p).

The dye inhibition method of colour photography which underpinned the Sanger-Shepherd process set a pathway for future processes, notably Kodak's Dye-Transfer process of 1946.

History of Science Museum, Oxford
The History of Science Museum in Broad Street, Oxford, England, holds a leading collection of scientific instruments from Middle Ages to the 19th century. The museum building is also known as the Old Ashmolean Building to distinguish it from the newer Ashmolean Museum building completed in 1894. The museum was built in 1683, and it is the world's oldest surviving purpose-built museum.
Raysko Praskalo
42°42′43″N 24°55′28″E﻿ / ﻿42.711936°N 24.924440°E﻿ / 42.711936; 24.924440

Raysko Praskalo (Bulgarian: Райско пръскало, "Heavenly Sprinkler"), 124.5 m in height, is the highest permanent waterfall in Bulgaria and probably in the Balkan Peninsula. It is a popular tourist destination. The waterfall is among the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria of the Bulgarian Tourist Union.

Height
Height is  measure of vertical distance, either vertical extent (how "tall" something or someone is) or vertical position (how "high" a point is). For an example of vertical extent, "This basketball player is 7 foot 1 inches in height." For an example of vertical position, "The height of an airplane in-flight is about 10,000 meters."

When the term is used to describe vertical position (of, e.g., an airplane) from sea level, height is more often called altitude. Furthermore, if the point is attached to the Earth (e.g., a mountain peak), then altitude (height above sea level) is called elevation.

In a two-dimensional Cartesian space, height is measured along the vertical axis (y) between a specific point and another that does not have the same y-value. If both points happen to have the same y-value, then their relative height is zero. In the case of three-dimensional space, height is measured along the vertical z axis, describing a distance from (or "above") the x-y plane.