hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Nonthaburi Challenger
The 2025 Nonthaburi Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 11th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Nonthaburi, Thailand from 30 December 2024 to 4 January 2025.

Nonthaburi Challenger
The Nonthaburi Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held in Nonthaburi province, Thailand since 2022.
1990 European Indoor Championships – Doubles
The 1990 European Indoor Championships – Doubles was an event of the 1990 European Indoor Championships men's tennis tournament which was part of World Series tier  of the 1990 ATP Tour and held from 8 October until 14 October 1990 in Berlin, Germany. The draw consisted of 16 teams of which four were seeded.

The first-seeded pairing Pieter Aldrich and Danie Visser won the doubles title by defeating the second-seeded team of Kevin Curren and Patrick Galbraith 7–6, 7–6 in the final.

Pieter Aldrich
Pieter ("Piet") Aldrich (born 7 September 1965) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa. A doubles specialist, he won two Grand Slam men's doubles titles (Australian Open and US Open) and became the world No. 1 in doubles in 1990.
Utsunomiya Bunsei Junior College
Utsunomiya Bunsei Junior College (宇都宮文星短期大学, Utsunomiya bunsei tanki daigaku) was a private junior college in Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan, established in 1989. It was attached to the Bunsei University of Art. The college ceased operations in 2023 due to low enrollment.

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
My Uncle Benjamin (1969 film)
My Uncle Benjamin (French: Mon oncle Benjamin) is a 1969 French-Italian historical comedy film directed by Édouard Molinaro and starring Jacques Brel, Claude Jade and Bernard Alane. It was shot at the Billancourt Studios in Paris and on location around Yonne. The film's sets were designed by the art director François de Lamothe. The film is based on a once-popular French comic novel My Uncle Benjamin by Claude Tillier (1843). The 1969 film Don't Grieve, directed by the Georgian Georgi Daneliya, is also based on Tillier's novel as was Francis Bousquet's 1942 comic opera Mon oncle Benjamin.  The film was released on 28 November 1969.

Francis Bousquet
Francis Bousquet (9 September 1890 – 21 December 1942) was a French composer. Educated at the Conservatoire de Paris, he won the Prix de Rome in 1923. His compositions included three operas, a ballet, and several symphonic and chamber music works. From 1926 until his death he was also the director of Conservatoire de Roubaix. Bousquet was born in Marseille and died in Roubaix at the age of 52. He had been awarded the Légion d'honneur in 1934.
The Punisher (2000 series)
The Punisher (also known as The Punisher: Welcome Back, Frank) is a 12-issue comic book limited series written by Garth Ennis with art by Steve Dillon and Jimmy Palmiotti which was published under the Marvel Knights imprint of Marvel Comics. The series features the vigilante anti-hero the Punisher and ran from April 2000 to March 2001.

Marvel Knights
Marvel Knights is an imprint of Marvel Comics that contained standalone material taking place inside the Marvel Universe (Earth-616). The imprint originated in 1998 when Marvel outsourced four titles (Black Panther, Punisher, Daredevil and Inhumans) to Joe Quesada and Jimmy Palmiotti's company Event Comics; Event hired the creative teams for the Knights line while Marvel published them.
Piper Stege Nelson
Piper Stege Nelson is an American anti-violence activist, born in the United States of America.

Nelson serves as executive director of I Live Here I Give Here, an Austin, Texas non-profit dedicated to local philanthropy. Nelson was named to the BBC 100 Women 2021 list for her work with The SAFE Alliance in Austin, where she oversaw all aspects of public outreach from 2017 to 2020. She has previously worked with Michelle Obama's Let Girls Learn initiative and Annie's List, a political action committee which recruits, trains, and supports progressive women running for office.

A native of Austin, Nelson is a 1997 graduate of Carleton College, where she received a bachelor's degree in women's studies and Spanish and was awarded a Fulbright Program grant. She earned her master's degree from the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas, Austin in 2020.

Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs
The Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs (or LBJ School of Public Affairs) is a graduate school at the University of Texas at Austin that was founded in 1970. The school offers training in public policy analysis and administration in government and public affairs-related areas of the private and nonprofit sectors. Degree programs include a Master of Public Affairs (MPAff), an undergraduate Bachelor's of Public Affairs (BPAff), a mid-career MPAff sequence, 16 MPAff dual degree programs, a Master of Global Policy Studies (MGPS), eight MGPS dual degree programs, an Executive Master of Public Leadership, and a Ph.D. in public policy.
King Coal (train)
The King Coal was a passenger train operated by the Reading Railroad between Philadelphia and Shamokin, Pennsylvania.  The train was launched in the late 1930s, as part of Reading's introduction of streamlined trains, with equipment rebuilt by the railroad specifically for the service.

In its latter years it was truncated to Pottsville on weekends. Due to declining demand for passenger rail travel as automobiles became more prevalent, the King Coal was discontinued on June 28, 1963.

Streamliner
A streamliner is a vehicle incorporating streamlining in a shape providing reduced air resistance. The term is applied to high-speed railway trainsets of the 1930s to 1950s, and to their successor "bullet trains". Less commonly, the term is applied to fully faired upright and recumbent bicycles. As part of the Streamline Moderne trend, the term was applied to passenger cars, trucks, and other types of light-, medium-, or heavy-duty vehicles, but now vehicle streamlining is so prevalent that it is not an outstanding characteristic. In land speed racing, it is a term applied to the long, slender, custom-built, high-speed vehicles with enclosed wheels.
Eneko Belausteguigoitia
Eneko Belausteguigoitia Arocena (July 12, 1933 – June 8, 2025) was a Mexican businessman, patron and cultural promoter of Basque origin. He served as a founding member of the IPADE Business School (Pan-American Institute of High Management of Business) and co-founder of the E. Arocena Foundation, who established the Arocena Museum in Torreón.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Jack Gale
Jack Gale (28 August 1899 – 5 April 1975) was an Australian rules footballer who played three games in the VFL for Richmond Football Club in 1924.

He returned to Tasmania and was Captain/Coach of the Wynyard Football Club from 1927 and 1928. After retiring as a player he then became an umpire in the NWFU.

Gale's son, Don, was a champion Tasmanian footballer who became the first player from the NWFU to achieve All Australian selection, whilst two of his grandsons, Michael and Brendon, had lengthy AFL careers throughout the 1990s, both also playing at Richmond.

Umpire (Australian rules football)
An umpire is an official in the sport of Australian rules football who enforces the rules as outlined in the "Laws of the Game", the official handbook of Australian Rules Football. Umpiring across all levels the AFL (professional, amateur or juniors) has a long history of abuse. In recent years, the AFL has taken steps to address and reduce this issue.
Tsuide ni Tonchinkan
Tsuide ni Tonchinkan (Japanese: ついでにとんちんかん; 'Miraculous Tonchinkan") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Koichi Endo. It was serialized in Shueisha's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1985 to 1989, with its chapters collected in 18 tankōbon volumes.

A 43-episode anime television series adaptation, produced by NAS and Fuji Television and animated by Studio Comet, was broadcast on Fuji TV from October 10, 1987, to October 1, 1988.

Hiroshi Ōtake
Hiroshi Ōtake (Japanese: 大竹 宏, Hepburn: Ōtake Hiroshi; March 14, 1932 – August 1, 2022) was a Japanese actor and voice actor, represented by 81 Produce. He was best known for his roles as Nyarome in Mōretsu Atarō, Daisho in Himitsu no Akko-chan, Boss in Mazinger Z, Pāman 2 (Booby) in Pāman, King Nikochan in Dr. Slump, and Buta Gorilla in Kiteretsu Daihyakka. Ōtake died at the age of 90 on August 1, 2022, due to acute heart failure.
LBX: Little Battlers eXperience
LBX: Little Battlers eXperience is an action role-playing video game developed and published by Level-5, and published by Nintendo in Europe and North America. It released for Nintendo 3DS in Japan on July 5, 2012, and in North America on August 21, 2015, Europe on September 4, 2015, and Australia on September 5, 2015. It is the third game in the Little Battlers Experience franchise, and the only one to be officially released in English.

Its story revolves around Van Yamano, a young boy who receives a miniature fighting robot known as an LBX. An evil organization known as the New Dawn Raiders attempt to obtain the robot for evil purposes due to the technology within it.

Level-5 (company)
Level-5 Inc. is a Japanese video game developer and publisher based in Fukuoka. The company was founded in October 1998 by Akihiro Hino after he departed from Riverhillsoft. Level-5 is known for their Professor Layton, Inazuma Eleven, Ni no Kuni, Yo-kai Watch, Snack World, and Megaton Musashi franchises.
Ancient technology
During the growth of the ancient civilizations, ancient technology was the result of advances in engineering in ancient times. These advances in the history of technology stimulated societies to adopt new ways of living and governance.

This article includes the advances in technology and the development of several engineering sciences in historic times before the Middle Ages, which began after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476, the death of Justinian I in the 6th century, the coming of Islam in the 7th century, or the rise of Charlemagne in the 8th century. For technologies developed in medieval societies, see Medieval technology and Inventions in medieval Islam.

Lever
A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum. A lever is a rigid body capable of rotating on a point on itself. On the basis of the locations of fulcrum, load, and effort, the lever is divided into three types. It is one of the six simple machines identified by Renaissance scientists. A lever amplifies an input force to provide a greater output force, which is said to provide leverage, which is mechanical advantage gained in the system, equal to the ratio of the output force to the input force. As such, the lever is a mechanical advantage device, trading off force against movement.
1969 Philippine Senate election
A senatorial election was held on November 11, 1969 in the Philippines. Incumbent President Ferdinand Marcos won an unprecedented second full term as President of the Philippines, while his running mate, incumbent Vice President Fernando Lopez was also elected to a third full term as Vice President of the Philippines; their Nacionalista Party-mates also won six of the eight contested seats in the Philippine Senate increasing their majority in the Senate.

Vice President of the Philippines
Vice President of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangalawang Pangulo ng Pilipinas, also referred to as Bise Presidente ng Pilipinas) is the title of the second-highest official in the executive branch of the Philippine government and is first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the president.

The current office of the vice president was re-established under the 1987 Constitution, bearing similarities with the office as created in the 1935 Constitution that was abolished by the Marcos regime. The vice president may be elected to two consecutive six-year terms. The 15th and incumbent vice president Sara Duterte was inaugurated on June 19, 2022, but her term officially began 11 days later on June 30, as per the constitution.
Mikhail Shcherbatov
Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Shcherbatov (Russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Щерба́тов; 22 July 1733 – 12 December 1790) was a leading ideologue and exponent of the Russian Enlightenment, on the par with Mikhail Lomonosov and Nikolay Novikov. His view of human nature and social progress is kindred to Swift's pessimism. He was known as a statesman, historian, writer and philosopher, and was one of the most visible representatives of the nascent Russian conservatism during the second half of the 18th century.

Conservatism in Russia
Conservatism (Russian: Консерватизм, romanized: Konservatizm) is a broad system of political beliefs in Russia that is characterized by support for Orthodox values, Russian imperialism, statism, economic interventionism, advocacy for the historical Russian sphere of influence, and a rejection of late modernist era Western culture.

Like other conservative movements, Russian conservatism is seen as defending the established institutions of its time, such as the Tsarist autocracy. Russian conservatism rejects the concept of laissez-faire economics and instead supports a mixed economy, as opposed to economic liberalism. This makes Russian conservatism largely populist in its promotion of economic interventionist views, strong nationalism, and social conservatism. Russian conservatives believe that the state should control both economic and social policy, as it aligns with its origins in Tsarism and the teachings of the Russian Orthodox Church.
One Swiss Bank
ONE Swiss Bank SA is a Swiss publicly traded private bank and wealth management firm based in Geneva. One Swiss Bank specializes in private banking and tailored asset & wealth management. It provides its services to private and institutional clients across Switzerland and the world.

The bank was founded in 2004 by Bénédict Hentsch. Hentsch's bank changed its name to GS Banque in 2014 and merged with Banque Profil de Gestion and Banca Arner, forming One Swiss Bank in 2021. As of 2023, the firm had CHF 5 billion of assets under management.

Wealth management
Wealth management (WM) or wealth management advisory (WMA) is an investment advisory service that provides financial management and wealth advisory services to a wide array of clients ranging from affluent to high-net-worth (HNW) and ultra-high-net-worth (UHNW) individuals and families.

It is a discipline which incorporates structuring and planning wealth to assist in growing, preserving, and protecting wealth, whilst passing it onto the family in a tax-efficient manner and in accordance with their wishes. Wealth management brings together tax planning, wealth protection, estate planning, succession planning, and family governance.
Amorphophallus
Amorphophallus is a large genus of some 200 tropical and subtropical tuberous herbaceous plants from the arum family (Araceae), native to Asia, Africa, Australia and various oceanic islands. The genus includes the Titan arum (A. titanum) of Indonesia, which has the largest inflorescence in the genus, and is known as the 'corpse flower' for the pungent odour it produces during its flowering period, which can take up to seven years of growth before it occurs.

A few species are edible as "famine foods" after careful preparation to remove irritating chemicals.

Famine food
A famine food or poverty food is any inexpensive or readily available food used to nourish people in times of hunger and starvation, whether caused by extreme poverty, such as during economic depression or war, or by natural disasters such as drought.

The characterization of some foodstuffs as "famine" or "poverty" food can be social. For example, lobster and other crustaceans have been considered poverty food in some societies and luxury food in others, depending on the period and situation.
Dunwich Bank Wreck
The remains of an unknown armed cargo vessel dating to the sixteenth to seventeenth century were identified off Dunwich, Suffolk, England in 1993. The site was designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act on 12 July 1994. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.

Protection of Wrecks Act 1973
The Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 (c. 33) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provides protection for designated shipwrecks.

Section 1 of the act provides for wrecks to be designated because of historical, archaeological or artistic value. Section 2 provides for designation of dangerous sites. Wreck sites must have a known location in order to be designated. Designated wrecks are marked on admiralty charts and their physical location is sometimes marked by means of a buoy (sea mark). Information boards are often provided at nearby launch points on land.
Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)
Liberal–Labour (often referred to as "Lib–Lab") was a political association in New Zealand in the last decade of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries. It represented candidates who stood for the New Zealand Liberal Party while also receiving endorsement and support from the labour (trade union) movement.

Auckland University Press
Auckland University Press is a New Zealand publisher that produces creative and scholarly work for a general audience. Founded in 1966 and formally recognised as Auckland University Press in 1972, it is a publisher based within the University of Auckland, located in Auckland, New Zealand. The Press currently  publishes around 20 new books a year in history and politics, art and architecture, literature and poetry, Māori, Pacific and Asian Studies, science, business and health. It published its 500th book in 2005 of which 22 were prize winning publications.
1995 Superbike World Championship
The 1995 Superbike World Championship was the eighth FIM Superbike World Championship season. The season started on 7 May at Hockenheim and finished on 29 October at Phillip Island after 12 rounds.

Carl Fogarty won the riders' championship with 13 victories and Ducati won the manufacturers' championship. The season was marred by the death of Yasutomo Nagai as a result of injuries sustained in an accident during the Assen round.

Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit
The Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit is a motor racing circuit located near Ventnor, on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia. The current circuit was first used in 1952.

Along with The Bend Motorsport Park in South Australia, the 4.448 km (2.764 mi) long island circuit is one of two race tracks in Australia to carry a FIM Category A track licence which allows for the highest level of motorcycle racing, MotoGP. Phillip Island also carries an FIA Grade 3 track licence.
Basics of white flower colouration
White flower colour is related to the absence or reduction of the anthocyanidin content. Unlike other colors, white colour is not induced by pigments. Several white plant tissues are principally equipped with the complete machinery for anthocyanin biosynthesis including the expression of regulatory genes. Nevertheless, they are unable to accumulate red or blue pigments, for example Dahlia ´Seattle´ petals showing a white tip. Several studies have revealed a further reduction of the anthocyanidin to colorless epicatechin by the enzyme anthocyanidin reductase (ANR).

Anthocyanidin reductase
In enzymology, anthocyanidin reductase (EC 1.3.1.77) is an enzyme that catalyzes the general chemical reaction

an anthocyanidin + 2 NAD(P)H + H+ a flavan-3-ol + 2 NAD(P)+

For example, the enzyme converts the anthocyanidin cyanidin to the flavanol (–)-epicatechin by reduction:

In this case, the three substrates of this enzyme are cyanidin, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and a proton. It converts them to (–)-epicatechin and oxidised NADP+. The enzyme from the legume Medicago truncatula can use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as an alternative cofactor.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is flavan-3-ol:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include AtANR, and MtANR.  This enzyme participates in flavonoid biosynthesis.
Agave × leopoldii
Agave × leopoldii is a hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. It is the result of a cross between Agave filifera and Agave schidigera, conducted in the 1870s by W.B. Kellock in Stamford Hill, London, and does not strongly resemble either parent. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit as an ornamental.

Asparagaceae
Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis.  This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants.  The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, lily of the valley, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

The Asparagaceae is a morphologically heterogenous family with the included species varying widely in their appearance and growth form. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with genera and species contained in the family native to all continents except Antarctica.
Ginger Group
The Ginger Group was not a formal political party in Canada, but a faction of radical Progressive and Labour Members of Parliament who advocated socialism. The term ginger group also refers to a small group with new, radical ideas trying to act as a catalyst within a larger body.

Political faction
A political faction is a group of people with a common political purpose, especially a subgroup of a political party that has interests or opinions different from the rest of the political party. Intragroup conflict between factions can lead to schism of the political party into two political parties. The ley de lemas electoral system allows the voters to indicate on the ballot their preference for political factions within a political party. Political factions can represent voting blocs. Political factions require a weaker party discipline. Research indicates that factions can play an important role in moving their host party along the ideological spectrum.