hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad
The East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad Company was incorporated under a special act of Tennessee on January 27, 1848.

The company built 130.7 miles (210.3 km) of 5 ft (1,524 mm) gauge railroad line between Knoxville, Tennessee and Bristol, Virginia between 1850 and 1856.

East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad Company received a large amount of funds from the sale of bonds of the State of Tennessee to aid in the rehabilitation of the line after the American Civil War. The State held a statutory lien on the company's property as security for this debt.

East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad Company was consolidated with East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad Company, originally Hiwassee Rail Road Company, on November 26, 1869 to form East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad Company.

The property eventually became part of Southern Railway Company on July 7, 1894, through its acquisition of the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway Company.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
Michael Robinson (cricketer)
Michael Barrett Robinson (born 24 March 1967) is a former cricketer who played List A cricket for the ACT Comets in the Mercantile Mutual Cup.

A wicket-keeper, Robinson played a match against the touring West Indian side in Toowoomba in 1996/97, as a member of an Australian Country XI. He top scored for his team with 50 not out, from seventh in the batting order.

In the 1998/99 Australian domestic season, he appeared in three matches one day matches for the Comets, which included a win over Tasmania at Manuka Oval.

One-Day Cup (Australia)
The One-Day Cup, for which the prize was renamed the Dean Jones Trophy from the 2024–25 season, is an Australian domestic List A 50-over limited-overs cricket tournament. It has had many different names, formats and teams since the inaugural 1969-1970 season. Initially a knockout cup, the competition now features a single round-robin followed by a finals series.

The tournament is contested between teams representing the six states of Australia, who also compete in the first-class Sheffield Shield. Three other teams have also played in the tournament for short periods: New Zealand's national team competed from 1969–70 until the 1974–75, Australian Capital Territory participated from 1997–98 until 1999–2000, and a select Cricket Australia XI took part as the seventh team for three seasons from 2015–16 until 2017–18. The current champions are South Australia.
Lisa Leitner
Lisa Leitner (born 3 April 1995) is an Austrian slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2010.

She won two silver medals in the K1 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, earning them in 2014 and 2017. She also won a silver medal in the same event at the 2018 European Championships in Prague.

Her younger brother Mario is also a slalom canoeist.

2014 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2014 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were the 36th edition of the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships. The event took place from September 17 to 21, 2014 at Deep Creek Lake, Maryland, United States (Western Maryland near Pittsburgh) under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF), at the Adventure Sports Center International facility.

The Deep Creek bid was selected by the ICF Board of Directors on April 15, 2011 in Paris. The other bids were by Vienna and Kraków.

In total there were 10 events of which 9 were medal events. The women's C1 team event did not count as a medal event due to insufficient number of participating federations. According to ICF rules, there must be at least 6 federations participating at a non-olympic event to count as a world championship event.
Collett baronets
The Collett Baronetcy, of Bridge ward in the City of London, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 1 November 1934 for Sir Charles Henry Collett, Lord Mayor of London from 1933 to 1934. Sir Christopher Collett, uncle of the third Baronet, was Lord Mayor of London in 1988.

Bridge (City of London ward)
Bridge and Bridge Without is a small ward in the City of London and is named from its closeness to London Bridge. Since boundary changes in 2003, Bridge is bounded by the River Thames to the south, Swan Lane and Gracechurch Street to the west, Fenchurch Street to the north, and Rood Lane and Lovat Lane to the east.

The ward includes Fishmongers' Hall, St. Magnus-the-Martyr church, the Monument to the Great Fire of London, and the full span of London Bridge.
George Hill (footballer)
George Rennie Hill (21 March 1921 – 1 October 2002) was a Scottish football player and manager, who played for Dundee and East Fife in the 1940s and 1950s. Hill played for Dundee in the 1952 Scottish Cup Final, which they lost 4–0 to Motherwell. In 1956, Hill became the first manager of Montrose. He held this position until 1959, when he was succeeded by Norman Christie.

1952 Scottish Cup final
The 1952 Scottish Cup final was played on 19 April 1952, at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 67th Scottish Cup competition. The final was contested by Dundee and Motherwell. Motherwell won the match 4–0 thanks to goals by Jimmy Watson, Willie Redpath, Wilson Humphries and Archie Kelly.

The attendance of 136,274 is a Scottish record for a match not involving Celtic, Rangers or the Scotland national team.
Dobson Dome
Dobson Dome (64°2′S 57°55′W﻿ / ﻿64.033°S 57.917°W﻿ / -64.033; -57.917) is a prominent snow-covered, dome-shaped mountain 950 metres (3,120 ft) high between Rohss Bay and Croft Bay, in the northern portion of James Ross Island. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey of 1958–61, and it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Alban Dobson (1885–1962), a British civil servant who was Secretary of the International Whaling Commission from 1949–59 and President of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea from 1952–55.

Dobson Dome is described as a basalt tuya in the Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. It is part of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group.

Tuya
A tuya is a flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet. They are rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were covered by glaciers and had active volcanism during the same period.

As lava that erupts under a glacier cools very quickly and cannot travel far, it piles up into a steep-sided hill. If the eruption continues long enough, it either melts all the ice or emerges through the top of the ice and then creates normal-looking lava flows that make a flat cap on top of the hill. Discovering and dating the lava flows in a tuya has proven useful in reconstructing past glacial ice extents and thicknesses.
William Murray (New Brunswick politician)
William Murray (February 13, 1857 – March 27, 1913) was a lawyer and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Restigouche County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1885 to 1892 as a Liberal-Conservative.

He was born in Cambellton, Colony of New Brunswick. His father had gone there from Prince Edward Island. In 1883, he married Gertrude M. Barberie (1867–1948). He was first elected to the provincial assembly in an 1885 by-election held after J.C. Barberie was named to the province's Legislative Council. Murray also served on the county council.

He died on March 27, 1913.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Yumi Arima
Yumi Arima (有馬 優美, Arima Yūmi; born 9 September 1997) is a Japanese water polo player who was ranked 7th in the overall Top Scorers at the 2017 World Championships and 3rd at the 2019 World Championships. She was part of the team in the women's water polo tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Water polo at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships – Women's tournament
The women's water polo tournament at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships was held from 14 to 26 July.

The United States captured their sixth overall title after defeating Spain in the final, while Australia won against Hungary to win the bronze medal.
Schleicher ASW 17
The Schleicher ASW 17 is a single-seat Open Class sailplane that was built by the German manufacturer Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co and first flew in 1971. It replaced the ASW 12, and was replaced in 1981 by the ASW 22.

Glider competition classes
Competition classes in gliding, as in other sports, mainly exist to ensure fairness in competition.  However the classes have not been targeted at fostering technological development as in other sports.  Instead classes have arisen because of:

the popularity of certain types of glider

attempts to contain the cost of access to the sport

the need to establish a stable environment for investment decisions by both manufacturers and competitors.

The FAI Gliding Commission (IGC) is the sporting body overseeing air sports at the international level so that essentially the same classes and class definitions are followed in all countries.
The Daily Northwestern
The Daily Northwestern is the student newspaper at Northwestern University which is published in print on Mondays and Thursdays and online daily during the academic year. Founded in 1881, and printed in Evanston, Illinois, it is staffed primarily by undergraduates, many of whom are students at Northwestern's Medill School of Journalism.

The Daily has won the Columbia Scholastic Press Association, Associated Collegiate Press Pacemaker Awards and awards from the Illinois College Press Association.

It is owned by Students Publishing Company, which also publishes Syllabus, the university yearbook. Current circulation is in excess of 7,500. The Daily Northwestern is the only daily for both Northwestern and Evanston.

The paper's offices are located on the third floor of Norris University Center on Northwestern's Evanston Campus.

In 2015, The Daily launched "The Campaign for the Future of The Daily Northwestern," a five-year fundraising campaign.

Academic year
An academic year, or school year, is a period that schools, colleges and universities use to measure the duration of studies for a given educational level. Academic years are often divided into academic terms. Students attend classes and do relevant exams and homework during this time, which comprises school days (days when there is education) and school holidays (when there is a break from education). The duration of school days, holidays and school year varies across the world. The days in the school year depend on the state or country. For example, in most of the US states, there are 180 days in a school year, but in the US state of Minnesota there are 165 days in the year.
Showa Aircraft Industry
Showa Aircraft Industry Co., Ltd. (昭和飛行機工業株式会社, Shōwa Hikōki Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese company. Its headquarters are at Akishima-shi, Tokyo Prefecture, a region of Tokyo Metropolis. It was established in 1937 as a manufacturer of military aircraft in Akishima-shi. In World War II it was one of two companies manufacturing the Showa/Nakajima L2D, a license-built Douglas DC-3 variant. It also manufactured other military aircraft. Since the 1950s the company began to manufacture specialized freight trucks such as tank trucks and grain hopper trailers.

Honeycomb panels manufactured by Showa Aircraft Industry has been used on a number of spacecraft including the Hayabusa asteroid sample return mission, the joint NASA-JAXA GPM Core Observatory satellite, and the H-II Transfer Vehicle.

Tank truck
A tank truck, gas truck, fuel truck, or tanker truck (American English) or tanker (British English) is a motor vehicle designed to carry liquids or gases on roads. The largest such vehicles are similar to railroad tank cars, which are also designed to carry liquid loads. Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids that can be transported. Tank trucks tend to be large; they may be insulated or non-insulated; pressurized or non-pressurized; and designed for single or multiple loads (often by means of internal divisions in their tank). Some are semi-trailer trucks. They are difficult to drive and highly susceptible to rollover due to their high center of gravity and, when they are partially filled, to the free surface effect of liquid sloshing in the tank.
Bhomat
Bhomat (also referred to as Bhumat; Hindi: भोमट or भूमट) is a mountainous and forested area in southern Rajasthan, covering all or parts of the tehsils of Kotra, Jhadol and Kherwara in Udaipur district. During British rule, the region was also referred to as 'Hilly Tracts of Mewar'.

Kotra tehsil
Kotra (also spelt Kotda) is a tehsil of Udaipur district in Rajasthan, India, consisting of 262 revenue villages and 31 panchayats. The tehsil is bordered to the north by Pali and Sirohi districts, to the east by Gogunda and Jhadol tehsils, and to the south by Gujarat state. The tehsil headquarter is located in the village of Kotra, southwest of the Udaipur at a distance of 57 km and 120 km by road.
Richard Douglass
Captain Richard Douglass (1746–1828) was an American cooper, soldier, deacon, and a politician. He was born in New London, Connecticut, in 1746 and was the son of Stephen and Patience Douglass. He ran a successful business as a cooper. In 1760, there were already more than 40 ships from brigs to sloops registered in New London. Many of them were under the Shaw Family flag conducting business in the East and West Indies, as well as foreign ports in Lisbon, Barcelona, Amsterdam, England and Russia. Coopering was a valuable trade, especially with New London and the Colonies' increasing demand for Bajan (Barbados) rum.

Society of the Cincinnati
The Society of the Cincinnati is a fraternal, hereditary society founded in 1783 to commemorate the American Revolutionary War that saw the creation of the United States. Membership is largely restricted to descendants of military officers who served in the Continental Army.

The Society has thirteen constituent societies in the United States and one in France. It was founded to perpetuate "the remembrance of this vast event" (the achievement of American Independence), "to preserve inviolate those exalted rights and liberties of human nature," and "to render permanent the cordial affection subsisting among the officers" of the Continental Army who served in the Revolutionary War.

Now in its third century, the Society promotes public interest in the Revolution through its library and museum collections, publications, and other activities. It is the oldest patriotic, hereditary society in the United States.
Collared whipsnake
The collared whipsnake (Demansia torquata) is a medium-sized elapid endemic to Australia. It is found in rainforest edges and other tropical woodland areas as well as in rocky habitat and environments on offshore islands.

Elapidae
Elapidae (/əˈlæpədiː/, commonly known as elapids /ˈɛləpɪdz/, from Ancient Greek: ἔλαψ élaps, variant of ἔλλοψ éllops "sea-fish") is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth. Most elapids are venomous, with the exception of the genus Emydocephalus. Many members of this family exhibit a threat display of rearing upwards while spreading out a neck flap. Elapids are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with terrestrial forms in Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and marine forms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Members of the family have a wide range of sizes, from the 18 cm (7.1 in) white-lipped snake to the 5.85 m (19 ft 2 in) king cobra. Most species have neurotoxic venom that is channeled by their hollow fangs, and some may contain other toxic components in varying proportions. The family includes 55 genera with around 360 species and over 170 subspecies.
Charles Peterson (photographer)
Charles Peterson (born 1964 in Longview, Washington) is an American photographer well known for his work with the Seattle independent record label Sub Pop and for capturing the then-newly emerging grunge scene in images. His photos are presented in the movie Kurt Cobain: About a Son.

Peterson is known for depicting the rise of the Pacific Northwest underground music scene in the late 1980s to early 1990s. Visually, he is known for his trademark full-frame, non-cropped images. Reviews about his work include the following, "Peterson is known for his action-packed, sometimes partially blurred black-and-white shots taken with a wide-angle lens.

Peterson said, "The Seattle audiences were entertaining. I didn't want to just get a head shot of the lead singer. I wanted to get the experience, make you actually feel like you're there. ... I like the composition part of shooting. The way my eyes and brain work together -- I'm constantly composing with or without a camera."

Kurt Cobain: About a Son
Kurt Cobain: About a Son is a 2006 American documentary film about American rock musician Kurt Cobain, directed by AJ Schnack and produced by Sidetrack Films. It consists of excerpts from the audio recordings journalist Michael Azerrad made of the interviews he conducted with Cobain for the book Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana, set over ambient cinematography of the places in Washington where Cobain lived, played and worked: Aberdeen, Olympia, and Seattle.

The film debuted at the 2006 Toronto International Film Festival and played at numerous other film festivals, and it was nominated for the Truer Than Fiction Award at the 22nd Independent Spirit Awards. The DVD release of the film, which was released by Shout! Factory in February 2008, includes interviews with and commentary by Azerrad and Schnack. Shout! Factory also released the film on Blu-ray on October 6, 2009.
The Baggy's Rehearsal Sessions
The Baggy's Rehearsal Sessions is a posthumous compilation album by Jimi Hendrix, released on June 25, 2002 by Dagger Records. The album contains recordings from two rehearsal sessions (on December 18 and 19, 1969) for the Band of Gypsys' performances at the Fillmore East on December 31, 1969 and January 1, 1970.

Fillmore East
40°43′39″N 73°59′19″W﻿ / ﻿40.7276°N 73.9886°W﻿ / 40.7276; -73.9886

The Fillmore East was rock promoter Bill Graham's rock venue on Second Avenue near East 6th Street on the Lower East Side section of Manhattan, now called the East Village, in New York City. The venue was open from March 8, 1968, to June 27, 1971, and featured some of the biggest acts in rock music of that time. The Fillmore East was a companion to Graham's Fillmore Auditorium, and its successor, the Fillmore West, in San Francisco.
Matthew E. May
Matthew E. May is an American author and business strategist. He is best known for his six books: The Elegant Solution, In Pursuit of Elegance, The Shibumi Strategy, The Laws of Subtraction, Winning the Brain Game, and What a Unicorn Knows: How Leading Entrepreneurs Use Lean Principles to Drive Sustainable Growth.

Insight Partners
Insight Venture Management, LLC (commonly referred to as Insight Partners and previously Insight Venture Partners) is a global venture capital and private equity firm that invests in software and internet businesses. The company is headquartered in New York City, also has offices in London, Tel Aviv, and Palo Alto.
Asymptoceras
Asymptoceras is a genus of aipoceratids (Nautiloidea) similar to Aipoceras but tightly coiled and with only part of the body chamber divergent from the previous whorl. Shell evolute, expanding fairly rapidly; umbilicus open, perforate; whorl section ovoid to subquadrate.

Asymptoceras is known from Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous) sediments in Europe and North America.

Umbilicus (mollusc)
The umbilicus of a coiled mollusc shell is the axially aligned, hollow cone-shaped space within its whorls. The term umbilicus is often used in descriptions of gastropod shells, i.e. it is a feature present on the ventral (or under) side of many (but not all) snail shells, including some species of sea snails, land snails, and freshwater snails.

The word is also applied to the depressed central area on the planispiral coiled shells of Nautilus species and fossil ammonites. (These are not gastropods, but shelled cephalopods.)
Misk'i
Misk'i (Aymara and Quechua for 'sweet' or 'honey', also spelled Mizque) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 2,880 m (9,450 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Carrasco Province, Pocona Municipality. It lies at the Wanaku Mayu ("guanaco river").

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.
Jewel of the Moon
Jewel of the Moon (1985) is a collection of short stories by American author William Kotzwinkle. The beautiful and erotic title piece concerns a couple who observe 13 months of subtle sexual foreplay leading up to the inevitable moment of cosmic release. A number of the short stories collected in the volume had been first published in Omni and Penthouse magazines.

Omni (magazine)
Omni was a science and science fiction magazine published for domestic American and UK markets. It contained articles on science, parapsychology, and short works of science fiction and fantasy. It was published as a print version between October 1978 and 1995. The first Omni e-magazine was published on CompuServe in 1986 and the magazine switched to a purely online presence in 1996. It ceased publication abruptly in late 1997, following the death of co-founder Kathy Keeton; activity on the magazine's website ended the following April.