hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karamelik, Kilis
Karamelik is a village in the Kilis District, Kilis Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 244 in 2022.

In mid-17th century, Ottoman traveller Evliya Çelebi recorded it as a Turkmen village of 100 homes in his seyahatnâme. In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 20 houses inhabited by Turks and Bedouins.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Angola national under-20 football team
The Angola national under-20 football team is the national under-20 football team of Angola and is controlled by the Angolan Football Federation. The team competes in the African U-20 Championship and the FIFA U-20 World Cup, which is held every four years.

FIFA U-20 World Cup
The FIFA U-20 World Cup is the biennial football world championship tournament for FIFA members' men's national teams with players under the age of 20. The competition has been staged every two years since the inaugural tournament in 1977 when it was hosted by Tunisia under the tournament name of FIFA World Youth Championship until 2005. In 2007 the name was changed to its present form. FIFA bills the men's Under-20 World Cup as "the tournament of tomorrow's superstars." Diego Maradona, Lionel Messi and Paul Pogba are previous winners of the official player of the tournament award, and Erling Haaland was the top scorer at the 2019 edition. The reigning champions are Morocco, which won their first title at the 2025 tournament in Chile.
Ricky Fuo'o
Ricky Fuo'o is the current Minister for Infrastructure Development (MID) in Solomon Islands. He has held several senior positions within Solomon Islands Government and is a current Member of Parliament for Central Kwara'ae Constituency.

Central Kwara'ae constituency
Central Kwara'ae is a parliamentary constituency electing one representative to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands. It had a registered electorate of 8,977 in 2006, and 9,955 in 2010. It is one of fourteen constituencies in Malaita Province.

The constituency was established for the Fifth Parliament in 1993, and its first MP was Alfred Maetia. Fred Fono won the seat in 1997, and was twice re-elected, ultimately becoming deputy Prime Minister in 2007. He stood for a fourth term in 2010, but was unseated by political newcomer and independent candidate Jackson Fiulaua, in what was described as "the major upset" of the election. Fiulaua then became Minister for Infrastructure and Development in Danny Philip's government.
3500 South MAX
3500 South MAX was a bus rapid transit (BRT) line in northwestern Salt Lake County, Utah, United States, operated by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA) that ran between Magna, West Valley City, and South Salt Lake. It opened for service on July 14, 2008, and was the first of several BRT lines that UTA is planning in the Salt Lake Valley, Weber County, and Utah County.

The BRT line was the first and last route to operate with the name MAX (UTA's former branding of its BRT lines). The line was temporarily suspended on April 5, 2020, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport, and in the summer of 2022, UTA announced that the line would be permanently discontinued as of August 7, 2022.

South Salt Lake, Utah
South Salt Lake is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah and a core inner suburb of Salt Lake City proper, and thus part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area. The population was 26,777 at the 2020 census.
Michael Sterling Eaton
Michael Sterling Eaton is known for his work as a photographer. He also engages in creative direction and music production. He was born in and raised in Del Mar, California and graduated from Torrey Pines High School.

His client list includes, American Idol, Arnette, Billabong, Fox Sports, The Grammy Brand, Burton, Kings of Leon, Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros, Citizen Cope, Mos Def, Stalley, Bilal, The Cool Kids, Scoop DeVille, Damon Dash, Curren$y, Gil Scott-Heron, Vitali Klitschko, Wladimir Klitschko, Hayden Panettiere, The Lafayette Hotel, 11 Mirrors Design Hotel, Osiris,

Burton Snowboards
Burton Snowboards is a privately owned snowboard manufacturer founded by Jake Burton Carpenter in 1977. The company specializes in products aimed at snowboarders, such as snowboards, bindings, boots, outerwear, and accessories. The company, whose flagship store is in Burlington, Vermont, was privately owned by Jake Burton Carpenter (also known as Jake Burton), until his death in 2019, and by his wife, Donna Carpenter, who has been active in the business since 1983.
Mount Nanhu
Mount Nanhu (Chinese: 南湖大山) is a mountain in Taroko National Park, Heping District, Taichung, Taiwan with an elevation of 3,742 m (12,277 ft). It is the 5th highest mountain in Taiwan.

Nanhu Salamander (Hynobius glacialis) is a rare salamander that was first described from this mountain.

Taroko National Park
Taroko National Park (Chinese: 太魯閣國家公園; pinyin: Tàilǔgé Gúojiā Gōngyuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thài-ló͘-koh Kok-ka Kong-hn̂g) is one of the nine national parks in Taiwan and was named after the Taroko Gorge, the landmark gorge of the park carved by the Liwu River. The park spans Taichung Municipality, Nantou County, and Hualien County and is located in Xiulin Township. The Taroko Gorge forms one of only three river-carved gorges in the world cut entirely through pure marble, ranking alongside Bhedaghat Gorge in Jabalpur, India and Trigrad Gorge in Bulgaria.
Don Koharski
Don Koharski (born December 2, 1955) is a retired professional ice hockey referee in the National Hockey League. He resides in Tampa, Florida, with his wife, with whom he has two sons. Starting with the 1994–95 NHL season, he wore uniform number 12, and, since the 1987–88 NHL season, he wore a helmet while refereeing NHL games.

Koharski is a rules analyst on NHL on TNT, and Director of Officiating for the National Lacrosse League.

Official (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, an official is a person who has some responsibility for enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game. There are two categories of officials, on-ice officials, who are the referees and linesmen that enforce the rules during gameplay, and off-ice officials, who have an administrative role rather than an enforcement role.
Operation Lost Trust
Operation Lost Trust was the name of an FBI investigation into the South Carolina General Assembly from 1989 to 1999. By the end of the investigation, seventeen members of the South Carolina General Assembly were arrested for bribery, extortion, or drug use. Operation Lost Trust is often considered the greatest political scandal in the history of the state of South Carolina. It directly influenced the passing of South Carolina's Ethics Reform Act of 1991, and led to the restructuring of the state government in 1993. In its wake, the once-dominant South Carolina Democratic Party was weakened as a political party, and the Republican Party emerged as a viable political entity in the state.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Nobody Loves You (When You're Down and Out)
"Nobody Loves You (When You're Down and Out)" is a song written by John Lennon released on his 1974 album Walls and Bridges. The song is included on the 1986 compilation Menlove Ave., the 1990 box set Lennon, the 1998 box set John Lennon Anthology, the 2005 two-disc compilation Working Class Hero: The Definitive Lennon, and the 2010 box set Gimme Some Truth.

Jesse Ed Davis
Jesse Edwin Davis III (September 21, 1944 – June 22, 1988) was a Native American guitarist. He was well regarded as a session artist and solo performer, was a member of Taj Mahal's backing band and played with musicians such as Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Jackson Browne.

In 2018, Davis was posthumously inducted into the Native American Music Hall of Fame at the 18th Annual Native American Music Awards. Davis was an enrolled citizen of the Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma with Comanche, Muscogee, and Seminole ancestry.
Dorf (surname)
Dorf is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Dorf (1933–2016), British artist

Erling Dorf (1905–1984), American geologist and paleobotanist

Michael Dorf (disambiguation)

Richard C. Dorf (1933–2020), professor emeritus of Management and Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of California, Davis

Shel Dorf (1933–2009), American comic-book letterer

Shel Dorf
Sheldon "Shel" Dorf (July 5, 1933 – November 3, 2009) was an American comic book enthusiast and the founder of San Diego Comic-Con. Dorf was also a freelance artist and graphic designer, who lettered the Steve Canyon comic strip for the last 12 to 14 years of the strip's run.
Trails in Detroit
This is a list of trails and greenways in Detroit.

The trail types vary from natural surface singletrack to asphalt shared-use paths. In many cases, trail projects include on-road bike lanes and signed shared road routes.

Dequindre Cut
The Dequindre Cut is a below-grade pathway, formerly a Grand Trunk Western Railroad line, located on the east side of Detroit, Michigan, just west of St. Aubin Street. Much of the Cut has been converted to a greenway; the colorful graffiti along the pathway has been left in place.
Rational point
In number theory and algebraic geometry, a rational point of an algebraic variety is a point whose coordinates belong to a given field. If the field is not mentioned, the field of rational numbers is generally understood. If the field is the field of real numbers, a rational point is more commonly called a real point.

Understanding rational points is a central goal of number theory and Diophantine geometry. For example, Fermat's Last Theorem may be restated as: for n > 2, the Fermat curve of equation  has no other rational points than (1, 0), (0, 1), and, if n is even, (–1, 0) and (0, –1).

Springer Nature
Springer Nature is a German-British academic publishing company created by the May 2015 merger of Springer Science+Business Media and Holtzbrinck Publishing Group's Nature Publishing Group, Palgrave Macmillan, and Macmillan Education.
We Walk This Road
We Walk This Road is the third studio album of Robert Randolph and the Family Band released in 2010 upon Warner Bros. Records. The album rose to No. 4 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart and No. 21 on the Billboard Top Rock Albums chart.

Top Christian Albums
Top Christian Albums is a weekly chart published in Billboard magazine that ranks the best-performing Christian albums in the United States. Like the Billboard 200, the data is compiled by Nielsen Soundscan based on each album's weekly physical and digital sales, as well as on-demand streaming and digital sales of its individual tracks. The chart was introduced on the magazine issue dated March 29, 1980, under the title "Best Selling Inspirational LPs". The current name was adopted on August 16, 2003, in an effort to "streamline" chart titles. The first number-one album was Candle's Music Machine. Amy Grant's Age to Age, released in 1982, topped the chart for 85 consecutive weeks, the longest for any album on the chart.

The current number-one album on the chart is Child of God II by Forrest Frank.
Charlie Parker
Charles Parker Jr. (August 29, 1920 – March 12, 1955), nicknamed "Bird" or "Yardbird", was an American jazz saxophonist, bandleader, and composer. Parker was a highly influential soloist and leading figure in the development of bebop, a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos, virtuosic technique, and advanced harmonies. He was a virtuoso and introduced revolutionary rhythmic and harmonic ideas into jazz, including rapid passing chords, new variants of altered chords, and chord substitutions. Parker primarily played the alto saxophone.

Parker was an icon for the hipster subculture and later the Beat Generation, personifying the jazz musician as an uncompromising artist and intellectual rather than just an entertainer.

Chord substitution
In music theory, chord substitution is the technique of using a chord in place of another in a progression of chords, or a chord progression. Much of the European classical repertoire and the vast majority of blues, jazz and rock music songs are based on chord progressions. "A chord substitution occurs when a chord is replaced by another that is made to function like the original. Usually substituted chords possess two pitches in common with the triad that they are replacing."
Quantifind
Quantifind is an American technology company that provides software as a service to discover, investigate, and report entity risk as an indicator of potential financial risk, financial crime, and money laundering. The software is used by financial institutions and government agencies.

The company's algorithms extract signals from multiple sources of public, unstructured data, including news and legal filings, sanctions lists and leaks databases. It performs analysis to assess the degree of risk associated with a particular person or organization. It also provides web based investigation and reporting tools.

Quantifind's headquarters are located in Palo Alto, California, with additional offices in New York City, Boston and Washington, D.C.

Jerry Yang
Jerry Chih-Yuan Yang (Chinese: 楊致遠; pinyin: Yáng Zhìyuǎn; born Yang Chih-Yuan; November 6, 1968) is a Taiwanese-born American billionaire  computer programmer, internet entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. He is the co-founder and former CEO of Yahoo! Inc. and founding partner of AME Cloud Ventures. As of May 2025, Yang has a net worth of $3.1 billion.
Hamilton Police Service
The Hamilton Police Service (HPS) is the police service of the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. As of 2021, the service employed 829 sworn officers and 414 non-sworn staff, serving a population of about 570 000 residents. The service's headquarters are located at 155 King William St., Hamilton, Ontario. As of 2022, the service's budget is $183 542 539, roughly 18.5% of the City's overall budget. It is one of the oldest police forces in Ontario.

Pepper spray
Pepper spray, oleoresin capsicum spray, OC spray, capsaicin spray, mace, or capsicum spray is a lachrymator (tear gas) product containing as its active ingredient the chemical compound capsaicin, which irritates the eyes with burning and pain sensations and so causes them to close, bringing temporary blindness. This blindness allows officers to more easily restrain subjects and permits people in danger to use pepper spray in self-defense for an opportunity to escape. It also causes temporary discomfort and burning of the lungs which causes shortness of breath. Pepper spray is used as a less lethal weapon in policing, riot control, crowd control, and self-defense, including defense against dogs and bears.

Pepper spray was engineered originally for defense against bears, cougars, wolves, and other dangerous predators, and is often referred to colloquially as bear spray.
Fowke baronets
The Fowke Baronetcy, of Lowesby in the County of Leicester, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

It was created on 7 February 1814 for Frederick Gustavus Fowke of Lowesby Hall, Lowesby, near Leicester. He was the son of Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas Fowke, Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of Cumberland. His grandfather was Lieutenant-General Thomas Fowke, Governor of Gibraltar.

The Fowke baronets also held the manor of Billesdon, Leicestershire.

The family surname is pronounced "Foke".

Thomas Fowke
Lieutenant-General Thomas Fowke (or Foulks; c. 1690 – 29 March 1765) was a British Army officer from South Staffordshire. He was court-martialled twice, first in 1745 after Prestonpans, then as Governor of Gibraltar for his part in the 1756 Battle of Minorca, a defeat that led to the execution of Admiral John Byng.

Despite limited responsibility, Fowke was originally sentenced to nine months suspension, but George II insisted on his dismissal from the army. He was reinstated as Lieutenant General following the accession of George III in 1761 and died in Bath, Somerset in March 1765.

Fowke's great-uncle emigrated to Virginia in 1651, and was closely related to George Mason, 1725 to 1792, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Mason built Gunston Hall, named after the family home in Gunstone, which is now an historic monument.
Gonçalo Nicau
Gonçalo Nicau (born 3 July 1982) is a Portuguese former professional tennis player who competed in the ITF Men's Circuit. He achieved his highest singles ranking of 531 in the world by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in February 2007. Though he did not enter a singles event in the ATP Challenger Tour, Nicau did play in the doubles event at the 2006 Estoril Open and was selected for two Davis Cup ties in 2006.

Portugal Davis Cup team
The Portugal men's national tennis team represents Portugal in Davis Cup tennis competition and is governed by the Federação Portuguesa de Ténis.

Portugal competes in the Europe/Africa Zone Group I in 2017, after being promoted from Group II in the 2015 season. They have never played in the World Group, but reached the World Group play-offs in 1994 and 2017.
Damour river
Damour river or (Arabic: نهر الدامور, Nahr Al Damour) is a 37.5-kilometre (23.3 mi) coastal river in the Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon. The river's headwaters originate on and around the slopes of the 1,943-meter peak Jabal el-Barouk, site of a nature preserve where some of Lebanon's largest and oldest Cedars of Lebanon are found, and flows west through the Jisr Al-Kadi valley, where it receives water from the creeks of the Chouf mountains. The river flows towards the Mediterranean Sea, south of Damour, which bears the river's name.

Cedrus libani
Cedrus libani, commonly known as cedar of Lebanon, Lebanon cedar, or Lebanese cedar (Arabic: أرز لبناني, romanized: ʾarz lubnāniyy), is a species of large evergreen conifer in the genus Cedrus, which belongs to the pine family and is native to the mountains of the Eastern Mediterranean basin. Known for its longevity, height, and durable wood, it has held profound significance for millennia. The tree features in ancient Mesopotamian and Israelite literature, notably in the Hebrew Bible, according to which the tree was used in the construction of the Jerusalem Temple by Solomon, who received the trees from Hiram of Tyre. Today, it is the national emblem of Lebanon and is widely used as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens.
Moshe Spitzer
Moshe (Moritz) Spitzer (Hebrew: משה (מוריץ) שפיצר; 8 July 1900 – 16 November 1982) was an Israeli illustrator, graphic artist, typographer, font designer, Hebrew bibliophile and Israeli publisher. He was an Indologist by training.

Martin Buber
Martin Buber (pronounced [ˈmaʁtiːn̩ ˈbuːbɐ] ⓘ; Hebrew: מרטין בובר, Yiddish: מארטין בובער; 8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian-Israeli philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue, a form of existentialism centered on the distinction between the I–Thou relationship and the I–It relationship. Born in Vienna, Buber came from a family of observant Jews, but broke with Jewish custom to pursue secular studies in philosophy. He produced writings about Zionism and worked with various bodies within the Zionist movement extensively over a nearly 50-year period spanning his time in Europe and the Near East. In 1923, Buber wrote his famous essay on existence, Ich und Du (later translated into English as I and Thou), and in 1925 he began translating the Hebrew Bible into the German language.

He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times, and the Nobel Peace Prize seven times.
LIV Golf UK
The LIV Golf UK (formerly LIV Golf London) is a golf tournament that is held in the United Kingdom. The inaugural tournament was held in June 2022 at the Centurion Club near Hemel Hempstead, England, as part of the LIV Golf Invitational Series, a golf series led by Greg Norman and funded by the Saudi Arabian Public Investment Fund. The 2022 48-player field included Phil Mickelson, Dustin Johnson, Sergio García, and Kevin Na.

Charl Schwartzel won the inaugural event, finishing one shot ahead of Hennie du Plessis.

Kevin Na
Kevin Sangwook Na (Korean: 나상욱; born September 15, 1983) is a Korean American professional golfer. He was a member of the PGA Tour until June 2022, when he resigned in order to join LIV Golf. He won five tournaments on the PGA Tour between 2011 and 2021.
Verkhnia Rozhanka
Verkhnia Rozhanka (Ukrainian: Ве́рхня Рожа́нка, Polish: Rożanka Wyżna) is a village in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. It belongs to the Slavske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The local government is the Nyzhnorozhanska village council.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
2008 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2008 EHF European Men's Handball Championship (8th tournament) was held in Norway from 17 to 27 January, in the cities of Bergen, Drammen, Lillehammer, Stavanger and Trondheim. Denmark won the tournament with Croatia second and France third. This was the first time Denmark won a major international tournament.

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Kežmarok Ice Stadium
Winter Sports Stadium Kežmarok is an arena in Kežmarok, Slovakia.  It is primarily used for ice hockey and is the home arena of MHK Kežmarok of the Slovak Extraliga. It has a capacity of 3,000 people and opened in 1994. The Phoenix Coyotes played a friendly match in July 1998 against MHK Kežmarok in Winter Sports Stadium Kežmarok.

Kežmarok
Kežmarok (German: Kesmark or Käsmark; Hungarian: Késmárk, Rusyn: Кежмарок, Yiddish: קעזמאַרק, romanized: Kezmark, Polish: Kieżmark) is a town in the Spiš region of eastern Slovakia (population 16,000), on the Poprad River. Before World War I, it was in Szepes county in the Kingdom of Hungary.