hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Bad Homburg Open – Singles
Jessica Pegula defeated Iga Świątek in the final, 6–4, 7–5 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2025 Bad Homburg Open. It was her ninth career WTA Tour singles title.

Diana Shnaider was the defending champion, but lost to Donna Vekić in the first round, in a rematch of the previous year's final.

Donna Vekić
Donna Vekić (Croatian pronunciation: [ʋěːkitɕ]; born 28 June 1996) is a Croatian professional tennis player. She achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 17 on 27 January 2025. Her best performance at a major is reaching the semifinals at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships, the longest in the history of the tournament, which she lost against Jasmine Paolini. Vekić is also an Olympic silver medalist, in singles at the 2024 Paris Olympics.

Vekić has won four singles titles on the WTA Tour – at the 2014 Malaysian Open, at the 2017 Nottingham Open, the 2021 Courmayeur Ladies Open, and the 2023 Monterrey Open. She has also won five titles in singles and one doubles title on the ITF Circuit.
Lithol Rubine BK
Lithol Rubine BK is a reddish synthetic azo dye. It has the appearance of a red powder and is magenta when printed.  It is slightly soluble in hot water, insoluble in cold water, and insoluble in ethanol. When dissolved in dimethylformamide, its absorption maximum lies at about 442 nm. It is usually supplied as a calcium salt.  It is prepared by azo coupling with 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
It is used to dye plastics, paints, printing inks, and for textile printing. It is normally used as a standard magenta in the three and four color printing processes.

When used as a food dye, it has E number E180. It is used to color cheese rind, and it is a component in some lip balms.

Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula HCON(CH3)2. Its structure is HC(=O)−N(−CH3)2. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Dimethylformamide is odorless, but technical-grade or degraded samples often have a fishy smell due to impurity of dimethylamine. Dimethylamine degradation impurities can be removed by sparging samples with an inert gas such as argon or by sonicating the samples under reduced pressure. As its name indicates, it is structurally related to formamide, having two methyl groups in the place of the two hydrogens. DMF is a polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent with a high boiling point. It facilitates reactions that follow polar mechanisms, such as SN2 reactions.
Christian Maråker
Christian Erik Maråker (born 24 September 1982) is a Swedish basketball player who finished his playing career with Borås Basket of the Basketligan in 2016. A 6'9" center/power forward, he played college basketball in the United States at the University of the Pacific from 2002 to 2006.

Swedish Basketball League
Svenska Basketligan, or the Swedish Basketball League (SBL), is the premier league for professional basketball in Sweden. The league was originally established in 1992 as Basketligan and was known as that prior to the season of 2006–07, but when the Swedish company Obol Investment signed an agreement with the Swedish Basketball Federation in early October 2006, the league was renamed Obol Basketball League (OBL). In January 2007 the name was changed to Ligan, meaning simply the League.
Village Square Leisure Centre
The Village Square Leisure Centre is a 5.5 acre indoor leisure centre situated in the Pineridge community of north east Calgary, Alberta. The multipurpose recreational facility was built at the same time (although additions and redesigns have been made since) as the surrounding neighbourhood. Alongside Southland Leisure Centre, it is one of two leisure centres owned and operated by the City of Calgary. Attached to the leisure centre are a library, high-school, shopping centre, food court, and small professional centre.

A skywalk pedestrian walkway similar to the +15 connects the leisure centre to the neighbouring high school, Lester B. Pearson. The walkway is used by staff and by day camp participants from the leisure centre who take advantage of the unused school gymnasiums in the summer.

Plus 15
The Plus 15 or +15 is a skyway network in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is the world's most extensive pedestrian skywalk system, with a total length of 16 kilometres (10 miles) and 86 bridges connecting 130 buildings, as of 2022. Calgary often has severe winters and the walkways allow people to get around the city's downtown more quickly and comfortably. The busiest parts of the network saw over 20,000 pedestrians per day in a 2018 count.

The system is so named because the skywalks are approximately 15 feet (approximately 4.5 metres) above street level. Some Plus 15 skywalks are multi-level, with higher levels being referred to as Plus 30s and Plus 45s.
William Penman
William Penman is the name of:

William H. Penman (1858–1917), American politician

William Penman (rugby union) (1917–1943), Scottish rugby union player

William Penman (footballer) (1886–1907), Scottish footballer

Willie Penman (footballer, born 1922) (1922–2005), Scottish footballer

Willie Penman (footballer, born 1939) (1939–2017), Scottish footballer

William Penman (rugby union)
William Penman (12 May 1917 – 3 October 1943) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He was killed in World War II when he, serving as a captain of a Lancaster bomber, was shot down over Kassel.
2025 Canadian Open (curling)
The 2025 HearingLife Canadian Open was held from December 16 to 21 at the Merlis Belsher Place in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, with the Tier 2 event held at the Martensville Curling Club in Martensville, Saskatchewan. It was the fourth Grand Slam event and third major of the 2025–26 curling season.

The 2025 event featured a Tier 2 division for the first time. Of note, between the Tier 1 and 2 events, 19 of the 20 men's and women's teams that will participate in the 2026 Winter Olympics played in the event, the exception being the United States' Tabitha Peterson who qualified, but declined the invitation.

Curling at the 2026 Winter Olympics
The curling competitions of the 2026 Winter Olympics were held at the Cortina Olympic Stadium in Cortina d'Ampezzo. Curling competitions took place every day of the Games, from 4 to 22 February. This was the ninth time that curling has appeared on the Olympic program.

Ten nations competed in each of the three categories: men's, women's, and mixed doubles. There were 120 quota spots (60 per sex) distributed to the sport of curling, however athletes could compete in both men's/women's and mixed doubles if their nation has qualified and the athlete is nominated for both events by their NOC. A total of three events were contested, one for men, one for women, and one mixed.
Manisha Vakil
Manisha Vakil is an Indian politician from Bharatiya Janata Party, representing Vadodara City constituency at Gujarat Legislative Assembly since the 2017 state legislature elections. She was elected from the same constituency in the 2012 elections, as well.

2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election
The 14th Gujarat Legislative Assembly election, 2017 was held on 9 December 2017 and 14 December 2017 in the Indian state of Gujarat to elect the Members of Legislative Assembly (MLA). The votes were counted on 18 December. All 182 members of the 14th Gujarat Legislative Assembly were elected with the leader of the largest party or coalition expected to become the next chief minister.

The incumbent Bharatiya Janata Party obtained a simple majority with an increase in the vote share. Despite suffering a decrease in the number of seats, the incumbent government retained a simple majority in the house. The vote share and number of seats for Congress increased from the previous election in 2012. This was the highest number of seats won by the Congress in the last 32 years (after the 1985 election, in which Congress won 149 seats). The next election was held in December 2022.
Harold Riley (cricketer)
Harold Riley (3 October 1902 – 24 January 1989) was an English cricketer active from 1924 to 1937 who played for Leicestershire. He was born in Stoney Stanton and died in Leicester. He appeared in 94 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled off breaks. He scored 2,346 runs with a highest score of 101 and took five wickets with a best performance of two for 32.

Stoney Stanton
Stoney Stanton is a large village in the Blaby district of Leicestershire, England, with a population of over 3,454 in 2001, which had increased to 3,793 at the 2011 census. It constitutes a civil parish.

The village lies five miles east of Hinckley, just to the east of the M69. Nearby villages include Croft and Sapcote. It is ten miles from Leicester.
Soligorskopterus
Soligorskopterus is a genus of eurypterid, a group of extinct aquatic arthropods. Fossils of Soligorskopterus have been discovered in deposits from the Late Devonian. The genus contains two species: S. tchepeliensis, the type species, from the Middle Famennian stage of Belarus, and S. shpinevi, from the Lower Frasnian stage of Russia. Its name derives from Soligorsk, the closest city from the fossil site of the type species, and the Greek word πτερόν (pteron), which means wing.

Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.
La Carballeda
La Carballeda (Spanish: [la kaɾβaˈʎeða]) is a comarca located in the northwest of the province of Zamora, Castilla y León, western Spain. Its area is 1,216.54 km2.

Despite the strong identity of its inhabitants, this historical region has not been able to achieve the necessary legal recognition for its administrative development. Therefore its municipalities have resorted to organizing themselves in mancomunidad, the only legal formula that has allowed the region to manage its public municipal resources meaningfully. The capital of the province is Mombuey and the most populated town is Villardeciervos, even though its population is only 491. The name 'La Carballeda' originated in the great number of Quercus robur oaks, locally known as carballos, in the comarca.

The Sierra de la Culebra mountain range, one of the few areas in Western Europe having a sizeable population of wild wolves, is located in the southwest of the comarca.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur, the pedunculate (or "English") oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe, North Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a very wide diversity of herbivorous insects and other pests, predators and pathogens.
Peary Bay
Peary Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Nares Strait by eastern Ellesmere Island between the Cook Peninsula and the Bache Peninsula.

It was named in honour of the American explorer Robert Peary by Norwegian oceanographer and meteorologist Harald Sverdrup.

Harald Sverdrup (oceanographer)
Harald Ulrik Sverdrup (15 November 1888 – 21 August 1957) was a Norwegian oceanographer and meteorologist. He served as director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Norwegian Polar Institute.
Abdus Sattar (Tangail politician)
Abdus Sattar is a Bangladeshi politician and former member of parliament. He was elected from the Tangail-1 (Madhupur and Dhanbari) constituency as a Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal candidate in the first Bangladeshi parliamentary election, held on 7 March 1973.

In the election, he defeated Bangladesh Awami League candidate Mahendra Lal Barman by a margin of 5,000 votes.

Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
The Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Bengali: জাতীয় সমাজতান্ত্রিক দল, lit. 'National Socialist Party') is a political party in Bangladesh. The party was founded by Serajul Alam Khan. The party was dominant during the 1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency. The current party president is Hasanul Haque Inu.
Beamer (surname)
Beamer is a surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Adrian L. Beamer (1923–2008), American football player

Diane Beamer (born 1960), Australian politician

Frank Beamer (born 1946), American football coach

George N. Beamer (1904–1974), United States federal judge

Helen Desha Beamer (1882–1952), Hawaiian musician

Jacob R. Beamer (born 1810), Canadian military personnel

John V. Beamer (1896–1964), Representative from Indiana in the US Congress

Keola Beamer (born 1951), Hawaiian guitar player, son of Winona

Lisa Beamer (born 1969), American writer

Mahi Beamer (1928–2017), Hawaiian musician

Nub Beamer (1936–2024), American football player

Shane Beamer (born 1977), son of Frank, also an American football coach

Tim Beamer (born 1948), African-American football player

Todd Beamer (1968–2001), victim of the September 11th attacks

Winona Beamer (1923–2008), Hawaiian preservationist, mother of Keola

Jacob R. Beamer
Jacob R. Beamer (Beemer, Bemer) (born c. 1810) (fl. 1837–47) was a carpenter, innkeeper, and Canadian Patriot.

Beamer's father came from New Jersey in 1796 and settled in Norfolk County. It was in his tavern in 1837 that one part of the Upper Canada Rebellion was formulated. This was a rebellion against the British colonial government in 1837 and 1838. Charles Duncombe conducted the meeting at the tavern and the Beamers began recruiting and training troops. These troops headed for Toronto to join William Lyon Mackenzie but were met and defeated by Allan MacNab who led the government troops. Jacob surrendered, was released and fled to Niagara Falls in New York State where he remained active in the rebel cause.
Robert Emden
Jacob Robert Emden (4 March 1862 – 8 October 1940) was a Swiss astrophysicist and meteorologist. He is best known for his book, Gaskugeln: Anwendungen der mechanischen Wärmetheorie auf kosmologische und meteorologische probleme (Gas spheres: Applications of the mechanical heat theory to cosmological and meteorological problems), published in 1907. It presents a mathematical model of the behaviour of polytropic gaseous stellar objects under the influence of their own gravity, known as the Lane–Emden equation.

Karl Schwarzschild
Karl Schwarzschild (German: [kaʁl ˈʃvaʁtsʃɪlt] ⓘ; 9 October 1873 – 11 May 1916) was a German physicist and astronomer.

Schwarzschild provided the first exact solution to the Einstein field equations of general relativity, for the limited case of a single spherical non-rotating mass, which he accomplished in 1915, the same year that Einstein first introduced general relativity. The Schwarzschild solution, which makes use of Schwarzschild coordinates and the Schwarzschild metric, leads to a derivation of the Schwarzschild radius, which is the size of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole.

Schwarzschild accomplished this while serving in the German army during World War I. He died the following year, possibly from the autoimmune disease pemphigus, which he developed while at the Russian front.

Asteroid 837 Schwarzschilda is named in his honour, as is the large crater Schwarzschild, on the far side of the Moon.
Iota2 Scorpii
ι2 Scorpii, Latinised as Iota2 Scorpii, is a single star in tail of the zodiac constellation of Scorpius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +4.82, and is visible to the naked eye. Because of parallax measurement errors, the distance to this star is only approximately known: it lies around 2,500 light years away from the Sun. It has a visual companion, a magnitude 11.0 star at an angular separation of 31.60 arcseconds along a position angle of 36°, as of 2000.

In the literature, there are two different stellar classifications for this star: A2 Ib and A6 Ib. In either case it is an A-type supergiant star with an estimated age of 30 million years and a mass 8.8 times that of the Sun. It shines with a luminosity 5,798 times the Sun's from an outer atmosphere that has an effective temperature of 8,246 K. As with other stars of its type, ι2 Scorpii varies slightly in brightness, showing an amplitude of 0.05 in magnitude.

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 4 – Men's team pursuit
The men's team pursuit race of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 4, arranged in the Thialf arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands, was held on 12 December 2014.

The South Korean team won the race, while the Dutch team came second, and the Norwegian team came third.

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.
Pickle and Peanut
Pickle and Peanut is an American animated television series created by Noah Z. Jones and developed by Joel Trussell. It aired on Disney XD from September 7, 2015, to January 20, 2018. It is about two friends, Pickle and Peanut, an anthropomorphic pickle and peanut whose misadventures form the content of the show.  The show utilizes a wide variety of different art styles and animation techniques. This includes but is not limited to stylized traditional animation, CGI, rotoscoping, stop motion, puppetry, stock imagery, special effects, visual effects, and live action.

On July 23, 2016, the series was renewed for a second season, which began a year later on October 23, 2017. The second season finished airing with a set of four episodes on January 20, 2018; Trussell confirmed through Twitter that the episodes would be the series' last.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
Hymenobacter xinjiangensis
Hymenobacter xinjiangensis  is a radiation-resistant,  Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Hymenobacter which has been isolated from sand from the desert of Xinjiang in China.

Radioresistance
Radioresistance is the level of ionizing radiation that organisms are able to withstand.

Ionizing-radiation-resistant organisms (IRRO) were defined as organisms for which the dose of acute ionizing radiation (IR) required to achieve 90% reduction (D10) is greater than 1,000 gray (Gy)

Radioresistance is surprisingly high in many organisms, in contrast to previously held views. For example, the study of environment, animals and plants around the Chernobyl disaster area has revealed an unexpected survival of many species, despite the high radiation levels. A Brazilian study in a hill in the state of Minas Gerais which has high natural radiation levels from uranium deposits, has also shown many radioresistant insects, worms and plants. Certain extremophiles, such as the bacteria Deinococcus radiodurans and the tardigrades, can withstand large doses of ionizing radiation on the order of 5,000 Gy.
Cycling at the 2010 Asian Games
Cycling at the 2010 Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, China. Road bicycle racing was held at the Triathlon Venue from November 20 to 23, while track cycling was contested at Guangzhou Velodrome from November 13 to 17, and mountain biking was contested at Dafushan Mountain Bike Course on November 18, and BMX racing was contested at Guangzhou Velodrome on November 19.

BMX racing
BMX racing is a type of bicycle racing which features BMX riders sharing a short single-lap circuit or point-to-point course, with multiple banked corners, jumps and rollers. The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing, and sanctioned internationally by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), facilitated by a number of continental, national and local sanctioning bodies.
Dariush Homayoon
Daryoush Homayoun (Persian: داریوش همایون; 1928 – 2011) was an Iranian journalist, author, intellectual, and politician. He was the Minister of Information and Tourism in the cabinet of Jamshid Amouzegar, founder of the daily newspaper Ayandegan, and one-time high-ranking member of the Rastakhiz party. In exile, he became one of the founders of the Constitutionalist Party of Iran. He was famous for his analytical writings and largely impartial assessment of history. His outspoken manner, criticizing the Islamic Republic with harsh tones, but also directing his criticism at the Pahlavi policies, earned him the respect of many, while at the same time creating many enemies. He was one of the most influential Iranian opposition leaders in exile.

Iranian opposition
The Iranian opposition consists of various groups that oppose the Islamic Republic government and the current theocratic Shia Muslim clerical leadership in Iran. These groups are ideologically diverse, including republicans, monarchists, secular nationalists, socialists, communists, ethnic separatists (e.g. Kurdish nationalists), supporters of Western liberal democracy, and Islamists (including Shia Muslims dissidents and particularly from Sunni Salafis and Kurdish Islamists).

Inside Iran, massive anti-regime protests took place in January 2026. They were repressed through severe crackdowns by security forces, with thousands killed and tens of thousands arrested.