hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carbacanthographis aggregata
Carbacanthographis aggregata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Asia, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected from the Gunung Pulai Forest Reserve in Johor (Malaysia) at an altitude of 150 m (490 ft). It has also been recorded from the Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve in China. The lichen has a greenish grey to grey thallus that lacks a cortex, but has a black prothallus. Its ascomata (ascospore-bearing structures) are aggregated in small clusters; it is this characteristic that is referred to in the specific epithet aggregata. The lichen contains salazinic acid and trace amounts of norstictic acid; these are lichen products that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography.

Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve
The Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, also called Tai Po Kau Special Area, is a nature reserve in the Tai Po area of the New Territories in northern Hong Kong. The area comprises a dense, hilly woodland with over 100 species of trees and numerous streams and rivers. It is one of the most biologically diverse forests in Hong Kong. It is noted by the Hong Kong Bird Watching Society and others as one of the best locations for seeing forest birds in Hong Kong.
Nouria
Nouria is a female given name. Notable people with this given name include:

Nouria Benghabrit-Remaoun (born 1952), Algerian sociologist

Nouria Hernandez, Swiss biologist

Nouria Kazdarli (1921–2020), stage name of Algerian actress Khadidja Benaïda

Nouria Mérah-Benida (born 1970), Algerian athlete

Nouria Newman (born 1991), French slalom canoeist

Nouria Salehi, Afghan-Australian nuclear physicist and humanitarian

Nouria Yamina Zerhouni, Algerian politician

Nouria Newman
Nouria Newman (born 9 September 1991 in Chambéry is a French slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 2007 to 2015.

She won two medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold in 2014 (K1 team) and a silver in 2013 (K1). She also won a bronze medal in the K1 team event at the 2014 European Championships in Vienna.

She made a solo kayaking expedition Ladakh 2018 sponsored by Red Bull. She paddled down the Tsarap - Zanskar - Indus River in 7 days, covering 375 km; and was, in her own words, after getting hung up on a rock at one point, lucky to be alive.  She made a 13 minute video of this journey which is on YouTube. She was the first female to paddle a 100 foot waterfall (Pucono Falls, Ecuador)

Nouria's life and accomplishments were the focus of the 2022 Red Bull film, Wild Waters.
Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.

Bond cleavage
In chemistry, bond cleavage, or bond fission, is the splitting of chemical bonds. This can be generally referred to as dissociation when a molecule is cleaved into two or more fragments.

In general, there are two classifications for bond cleavage: homolytic and heterolytic, depending on the nature of the process. The triplet and singlet excitation energies of a sigma bond can be used to determine if a bond will follow the homolytic or heterolytic pathway. A metal−metal sigma bond is an exception because the bond's excitation energy is extremely high, thus cannot be used for observation purpose.

In some cases, bond cleavage requires catalysts. Due to the high bond-dissociation energy of C−H bonds, around 100 kcal/mol (420 kJ/mol), a large amount of energy is required to cleave the hydrogen atom from the carbon and bond a different atom to the carbon.
Lygumai
Lygumai (Yiddish: ליגעם) is a small town in Pakruojis District Municipality, Šiauliai County, northern-central Lithuania. As of 2011 it had a population of 601. It is the administrative center of the Lygumai elderate.

Šiauliai County
Šiauliai County (Lithuanian: Šiaulių apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. It is in the north of the country, and its capital is Šiauliai. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Šiauliai County remains as a territorial and statistical unit. It borders Latvia.
Fujikawaguchiko
Fujikawaguchiko (富士河口湖町, Fujikawaguchiko-machi) is a town located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2019, the town had an estimated population of 26,542 in 10,618 households, and a population density of 170 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 158.40 square kilometres (61.16 sq mi).

Fuji Five Lakes
Lake Kawaguchi

Lake Motosu

Lake Sai

Lake Shōji

Lake Yamanaka

Fuji Five Lakes (富士五湖, Fuji-goko) is the name of the area located at the base of Mount Fuji in the Yamanashi Prefecture of Japan. It has a population of about 100,000 and sits about 1,000 meters (3,300 ft) above sea level. The five lakes created in the area by previous eruptions of Mount Fuji has given the area its name. The principal city in the region, Fujiyoshida, has a population of roughly 54,000 and is particularly famous for its udon noodles. Another point of interest is Aokigahara Jukai Forest. The Fuji Five Lakes was selected by the Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun and Osaka Mainichi Shimbun as one of the Twenty-Five Winning Sites of Japan in 1927.
Topu Barman
Topu Barman (Bengali: তপু বর্মন; born 20 December 1994) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Bangladesh Premier League club Bashundhara Kings and the Bangladesh national team.

Bangladesh Super Cup
The Bangladeshi Super Cup is the highest-budgeted football competition organized by the Bangladesh Football Federation and is one of the two club football season cups in Bangladesh, the other being Federation Cup.
Thijsje Oenema
Thijsje Oenema (born 6 June 1988) is a Dutch speed skater and "short-track sprinter".  She is specialised on the short distances.

Oenema skates for the VPZ skating team and is a member for skating club S.T.D. Sint Nicolaasga. Her breakthrough was during the 2009 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships, winning the bronze medal at the 500 m. This was very surprising because in the 2007–08 season she was not able to skate because of Pfeiffer's disease. With this third place she qualified for the first time for the World Cup.

Oenema also showed that season that she is also very strong at the 100 m. In 2006 and 2007 she was already the Dutch champion at this distance. In 2009, she regained her title she lost in the year before by winning on the ice of Lekkerkerk. In the same season she took the title at the Dutch championships supersprint.

Although her start of the season 2010 was weak, she managed to qualify for the Olympics in Vancouver by beating Marianne Timmer in a skate-off.

Lekkerkerk
Lekkerkerk is a town and former municipality on the Lek River, now part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard, South Holland province, the Netherlands. Since 1 January 1985 Lekkerkerk is no longer an independent municipality.

Lekkerkerk is mostly an agricultural community with its housing, including attractive 17th, 18th, and 19th century farms, stretched out on the dike along the Lek River. Near the Reformed Church (Johanneskerk), the development is denser and forms the town centre.
Claude Corbineau
Claude Louis Constant Esprit Juvénal Gabriel Corbineau (French pronunciation: [klod lwi kɔ̃stɑ̃ ɛspʁi ʒyvenal ɡabʁijɛl kɔʁbino]; 7 March 1772, Laval – 8 February 1807, battle of Eylau) was a French general. His two brothers Jean and Hercule also fought in both these wars and together the three men were known as "les trois Horaces" (the three Horatii).

Horatii and Curiatii
In the ancient Roman legend of the regal period, the Horatii were three sibling warriors, sons of Publius Horatius (the elder), who lived during the reign of Tullus Hostilius.  The accounts of their epic clash with the Curiatii  appear in the writings of Livy. The story includes Publius Horatius (the younger), the sole survivor of the battle, murdering his sister for mourning the death of a beloved Curiatius.
Abierto Juvenil Mexicano
The Abierto Juvenil Mexicano is a prestigious junior tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts in November in Mexico City. It is one of five Grade A tournaments, the junior equivalent of ATP Masters or WTA Premier Mandatory events in terms of rankings points allocated.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
1877 in birding and ornithology
Birds described in 1877 include the giant ibis, black-and-yellow phainoptila, Cebu flowerpecker, Drakensberg prinia, Finsch's euphonia, lava heron, Manus friarbird, Palawan tit, plain-backed antpitta, rufous-fronted tailorbird and Walden's hornbill.

Finsch's euphonia
Finsch's euphonia (Euphonia finschi) is a species of bird in the family Fringillidae.
It is found in northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and eastern Venezuela.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and heavily degraded former forest.

The common name and scientific name commemorate the German ethnographer, naturalist and colonial explorer Friedrich Hermann Otto Finsch  (8 August 1839 - 31 January 1917, Braunschweig).
Shayfeen
Shayfeen was a Moroccan hip-hop duo composed of rappers Small X and Shobee, recognized for their dynamic flows and lyrics centered on themes of ambition, money, and motivation. The duo has cultivated a substantial fanbase not only in Morocco and North Africa but also internationally, thanks to their catchy music and collaborations with international artists like Laylow and Lacrim.

After maintaining a successful musical partnership for more than 15 years, the duo parted ways in 2021 to pursue independent solo careers.

ElGrandeToto
Taha Fahssi (Arabic: طه فحصي, born August 3, 1996), known by his stage name ElGrandeToto, EGT or just Toto, is a Moroccan rapper from Casablanca. Fahssi is widely regarded as one of Morocco's best rappers of all time. He has been the most streamed artist in Morocco for 5 consecutive years (2021-2025) was the most listened-to artist in the MENA region on Spotify in 2021 and 2023. He is also the most viewed Moroccan rapper on YouTube.

His accolades include three Billboard Arabia Music Awards, Best Hip Hop/Rap Artist at the African Entertainment Awards USA, and AFRIMA's Most Promising African Artist. He is also known by his collaborations with prominent artists from around the world, including CKay, Morad, Baby Gang and Niro.
Tourism in India by state
Tourism plays a significant role in the Indian economy. According to the Ministry of Tourism, the sector contributed to 5.22% of India's GDP in 2023-24 (provisional estimates), recovering from pandemic lows of 1.50% in 2020-21 to pre-pandemic levels of around 5%. The World Travel and Tourism Council reported that India's travel and tourism sector contributed nearly Rs 21 trillion to the economy in 2024, supporting approximately 46.5 million jobs (9.1% of total employment).

States and Union territories of India with their names.

Nilgiri Mountain Railway
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway (NMR), colloquially called the "Toy Train" by locals, is a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway in Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India, built by the British in 1908. The railway is operated by the Southern Railway and is the only rack railway in India.

The railway relies on its fleet of steam locomotives. NMR switched to diesel locomotives on the section between Mettupalyam and Udhagamandalam. Local people and visitors led a campaign to return to steam locomotives in this section.

In July 2005, UNESCO added the Nilgiri Mountain Railway as an extension to the World Heritage Site of Darjeeling Himalayan Railway. The site then became known as Mountain Railways of India.
John Beal (composer)
John Everett Beal (born January 20, 1947) is an American composer and conductor known for his work in the American film industry. He has conducted for major recording artists ranging from Olivia Newton-John to Deadmau5, movies in concert such as Star Wars, Top Gun: Maverick, Toy Story, Home Alone, Rocketman and the Harry Potter series, is the principal conductor of the Hollywood Symphony Orchestra, is considered by the New York Times as the pioneer of original scores for film trailer  music, and has composed the music for numerous television series and films.

Battle of Hamburger Hill
The Battle of Hamburger Hill (13–20 May 1969) was fought by US Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) forces against People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces during Operation Apache Snow of  the Vietnam War. Though the heavily fortified Hill 937, a ridge of the mountain Dong Ap Bia in central Vietnam near its western border with Laos, had little strategic value, US command ordered its capture by a frontal assault, only to abandon it soon thereafter. The action caused a controversy among both the US armed services and the public back home, and marked a turning point in the U.S. involvement.

The battle was primarily an infantry engagement, with the US troops moving up the steeply sloped hill against well-entrenched troops. Attacks were repeatedly repelled by the PAVN defenses. Bad weather also hindered operations. Nevertheless, the Airborne troops took the hill through direct assault with heavy use of artillery and airstrikes, causing extensive casualties to the PAVN forces.
George Clubb
George Clubb (2 June 1846 – 29 March 1924) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

Born at Fochabers in Morayshire to builder John Clubb and Ann Newlands, his family moved to Sydney around 1851. He was educated at Pyrmont and became apprentice to his father in the building trade. He lived in Balmain as a builder from 1870, and in the 1880s established himself as a real estate agent in Rozelle. He married Ida Keynott in 1880; they had nine children. He was a Balmain alderman 1881-96 and 1911–22, and was elected mayor twice: for an annual term in 1890-91 and a biennial term in 1912-14. In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as a Free Trade member for Balmain, but he was defeated in 1891. He continued to work as an estate agent and auctioneer until his retirement in 1923. He died at Drummoyne in 1924.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
Tupai
Tūpai (Tahitian: Tūpai), also called Motu Iti, is a low-lying atoll in the Society plenger, French Polynesia. It lies 19 km to the north of Bora Bora and belongs to the western Leeward Islands (French: Îles Sous-le-vent). This small atoll is only 11 km2 in size. Its broad coral reef encloses a shallow sandy lagoon. There are almost continuous long wooded motus on Tūpai's reef. Tūpai has no permanent residents apart from some workers in its coconut plantations. A private airfield was inaugurated on Tūpai in 2001, and its use is restricted.

Islet
An islet (/ˈaɪlət/ EYE-lət) is generally a small island. Definitions vary and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation unable to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/or hard coral; may be permanent or tidal (i.e. surfaced reef or seamount); and may exist in the sea, lakes, rivers or any other sizeable bodies of water.
Ned Barry
Edward Fitzgerald Barry (3 September 1905 – 12 December 1993) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A loose forward, Barry represented Wellington and, briefly, Wanganui at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1932 and 1934. He played 10 matches for the All Blacks including one international, against Australia in 1934.

A police officer, Barry had postings in Pahiatua, Whitianga, Orewa, and Auckland, where he was active as a coach and administrator at club and provincial union levels.

He holds a unique place in New Zealand rugby history in that both his son, Kevin Barry, and grandson, Liam Barry, also played for the All Blacks: in doing so they became the first family to provide All Blacks from three successive generations. He also had another son, Pat, who played for Counties in the 1960s, and another grandson, Mike Barry, who represented North Auckland and North Harbour.

Northland Rugby Union
The Northland Rugby Union is the governing body for rugby union in Northland, New Zealand; Northland is a region of New Zealand that covers areas in the districts of Far North, Kaipara, Whangārei, as well as Wellsford and Tomarata in Auckland Region. Established in 1920, they represent the Bunnings NPC side, Northland Taniwha, and Farah Palmer Cup side, Northland Kauri. It is also affiliated with the Blues Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are a sky blue (Pantone 284) and they play their home games at Semenoff Stadium in Morningside.
The Precipice (MacLennan novel)
The Precipice is a 1948 novel written by Hugh MacLennan. It won the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1948 Governor General's Awards. MacLennan partly based The Precipice on the ballet Pillar of Fire, whose cast included Nora Kaye and Antony Tudor.

Nora Kaye
Nora Kaye-Ross (born Nora Kaye Koreff; January 17, 1920 – February 28, 1987) was an American prima-ballerina known for her ability to perform dramatic roles. Called the Duse of Dance after the acclaimed actress Eleonora Duse, she also worked in films as a choreographer and producer and performed on Broadway.
Bless the Child (song)
"Bless the Child" is the seventh single by the Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish, released as the second single from their album Century Child. It is one of two songs which were filmed from the Century Child album, with other one being "End of All Hope". It was also the first song bassist/vocalist Marko Hietala worked on after he joined the band replacing Sami Vänskä.

There are two versions of the single, each having a slightly different track list. The normal release includes the title track and the two songs, "Lagoon" and "The Wayfarer", which have not been released in Germany before. There is too a limited DVD plus of the single which includes three DVD videotracks in addition to the audio content. The videos are "Over the Hills and Far Away", "Bless the Child", and a 30-minute interview.

In addition to it being a single, part of the edited version was used in a Chinese broadcast on CCTV-4.

CCTV-4
CCTV-4 is a Chinese free-to-air television channel. It is one of six China Central Television channels that broadcasts outside of China. It airs a variety of programmes, including documentaries, music, news, drama series, sports and children's programmes for the Greater China region, including China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.
2018 Big South Conference women's soccer tournament
The 2018 Big South Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Big South Conference held from October 27 through November 4, 2018. The quarterfinals of the tournament were held at campus sites, while the semifinals and final took place at Sportsplex at Matthews in Matthews, North Carolina. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The High Point Panthers were the defending champions, but they were eliminated from the 2018 tournament with a 2–0 quarterfinal loss to the Radford Highlanders. The Radford Highlanders won the tournament with a 1–0 win over Gardner–Webb in the final. The conference tournament title was the sixth for the Radford women's soccer program and the sixth for head coach Ben Sohrabi.

Sportsplex at Matthews
The Sportsplex at Matthews is a large sports complex and park in Matthews, North Carolina, southeast of Charlotte, featuring 12 full-sized soccer fields anchored by a 2,300-seat stadium. The stadium currently seats 5,000 as it has been expanded using modular seating.

In 2018 bleacher seating was placed around Field 10 creating a smaller auxiliary stadium used by the Charlotte Independence as a training field and occasionally by the Charlotte Eagles and Lady Eagles for matches.
UEC European Track Championships – Men's keirin
The Men's keirin at the European Track Championships was first competed in 2010 in Poland.

The Keirin consists of heats in which the first two or three riders advance until the final.

The most successful competitor in the event is the Dutch rider Harrie Levreysen, who has won the title four times as of 2025.

2010 UEC European Track Championships
The 2010 European Track Championships were the inaugural elite European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the BGŻ Arena in Pruszków, Poland, between 5 and 7 November.

All ten Olympic events (sprint, team sprint, keirin, team pursuit and omnium all for both men and women) and a men's madison championship were held as part of the championships. The Championships were the first European event for qualification for the 2012 Olympic Games.
Corridors of Blissterday
Corridors of Blissterday is the second studio album by Australian psychedelic rock band Pond, released in Australia on 4 June 2009, through local Perth label, Badminton Bandit. The album was recorded as an eight-piece band in five days, and only 200 CD-Rs were produced and released. The album was released digitally on Apple Music with two live tracks.

In 2022, Western Australian Music and the State Library of Western Australia presented the "Corridors of Blissterday initiative", a competition open to Western Australian sound practitioners to "develop a contemporary work referencing and incorporating the State Library of Western Australia Heritage Collections." The competition was won by Sze "Samarobryn" Tsang.

Mastered versions of "Sweet Loretta" and "Mist in My Brainforest" were included on The Early Years: 2008–2010, which released on 12 April 2025.

CD-R
CD-R (Compact disc-recordable) is a digital optical disc storage format. A CD-R disc is a compact disc that can only be written once and read arbitrarily many times.

CD-R discs (CD-Rs) are readable by most CD readers manufactured prior to the introduction of CD-R, unlike CD-RW discs.