hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Herbert (politician, died 1775)
Hon. Nicholas Herbert  (c.1706 – 1 February 1775) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1740 and 1774 and a member of the Herbert family. He became the Treasurer of Princess Amelia of Great Britain, of the Royal House of Hanover, in 1757.

Herbert family
The Herbert family is an Anglo-Welsh noble family founded by William Herbert, known as "Black William", the son of William ap Thomas, founder of Raglan Castle, a follower of Edward IV of England in the Wars of the Roses. The name Herbert originated in 1461 when William was granted the title Baron Herbert of Raglan, having assumed an English-style surname in place of his Welsh patronymic, ap William.
WISArD experiment
The Weak Interaction Studies with 32Ar Decay (WISArD) experiment is a permanent experimental setup located in the ISOLDE facility, at CERN. The purpose of the experiment is to investigate the weak interaction by looking for beta-delayed protons emitted from a nucleus. In the absence of online isotope production during Long Shutdown 2, the experimental setup has also been used to measure the shape of the beta energy spectrum. A goal of the experiment is to search for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) by expanding the existing limits on currents in the weak interaction.

The WISArD experimental setup reutilises the WITCH experiment's superconducting magnet and existing infrastructure.

Weak interaction
In nuclear physics and particle physics, the weak interaction, weak force or weak nuclear force, is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the strong interaction, and gravitation. It is the mechanism of interaction between subatomic particles that is responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms: The weak interaction participates in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The theory describing its behaviour and effects is sometimes called quantum flavordynamics (QFD); however, the term QFD is rarely used, because the weak force is better understood by electroweak theory (EWT).

The effective range of the weak force is limited to subatomic distances and is less than the diameter of a proton.
František Hoplíček
František Hoplíček (23 April 1890 – 13 April 1946) was a Czech painter and athlete. He competed in the men's discus throw at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He also competed in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's discus throw
The men's discus throw event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Saturday, August 21, 1920, and on Sunday, August 22, 1920. 17 discus throwers from eight nations competed. No nation had more than 4 athletes, suggesting the limit had been reduced from the 12 maximum in force in 1908 and 1912. The event was won by Elmer Niklander of Finland, the nation's second consecutive victory in the men's discus throw. Armas Taipale, the winner in 1912, took silver to become the second man to win multiple medals in the event. Gus Pope took bronze, continuing the American streak of podium appearances at all six discus competitions to date.
Lunar south pole
The lunar south pole is the southernmost point on the Moon. It is of interest to scientists because of the occurrence of water ice in permanently shadowed areas around it. The lunar south pole region features craters that are unique in that the near-constant sunlight does not reach their interior. Such craters are cold traps that contain fossil records of hydrogen, water ice, and other volatiles dating from the early Solar System. In contrast, the lunar north pole region exhibits a much lower quantity of similarly sheltered craters.

Permanently shadowed crater
A permanently shadowed crater  is a depression on a body in the Solar System within which lies a point that is always in darkness. As of 2019, there are 324 known permanently shadowed regions on the Moon. Such regions also exist on Mercury and Ceres.
Elizabeth Hardy (chemist)
Elizabeth MacGregor Hardy (July 31, 1915 – June 26, 2008) was a Canadian-American chemist who discovered the Cope rearrangement while working in Arthur C. Cope's research group at Bryn Mawr College. The rearrangement drew upon the electronic models of Edward D. Hughes and Christopher Kelk Ingold, but also the non-electronic work of Rainer Ludwig Claisen and Ernst Tietze.

Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College (/brɪn ˈmɑːr/ brin MAR, Welsh: [brɨn ˈmaur]) is a private women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as a Quaker institution in 1885, Bryn Mawr is one of the Seven Sister colleges, a group of historically women's colleges in the United States. The college has an enrollment of about 1,350 undergraduate students and 450 graduate students. It was one of the first women's colleges in the United States to offer graduate education through a PhD.
Yves-Marie-Henri Bescond
Yves-Marie-Henri Bescond (19 May 1924 – 23 August 2018) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church.

Bescond was born in Clamart and ordained a priest on 29 June 1949. Bescond was appointed auxiliary bishop to the Diocese of Corbeil, as well as Titular bishop of Aquae Thibilitanae, on 26 January 1971 and ordained bishop on 28 March 1971. Bescond was appointed auxiliary bishop to the Diocese of Meaux on 12 July 1979 and resigned on 20 October 1986. He died on 23 August 2018.

Clamart
Clamart (French pronunciation: [klamaʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 8.7 km (5.4 mi) from the centre of Paris.

The town is divided into two parts, separated by a forest: bas Clamart, the historical centre, and petit Clamart with urbanization developed in the 1960s replacing pea fields. The canton of Clamart includes only a part of the commune. The other part of the commune belongs to the canton of Le Plessis-Robinson.
2023 ATX Open
The 2023 ATX Open was a WTA 250 tournament organised for female professional tennis players on outdoor hard courts as part of the 2023 WTA Tour. The event took place at The Westwood Country Club in Austin, United States, from 27 February through 5 March 2023.

WTA 250 tournaments
WTA 250 is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021. Earlier these events were classified as WTA International Tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 250. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("Major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 500 for winning a WTA 500 tournament.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 250 tournaments' prize money was approximately $250,000. As of 2025 season, this has risen to $275,094. All tournaments have a 32 player main draw for singles and a 16 team main draw for doubles.
The Vivero Letter (novel)
The Vivero Letter is a first-person narrative novel written by English author Desmond Bagley, and was first published in 1968. It was also made into a film in 1998 of the same name starring Robert Patrick, Fred Ward and Chiara Caselli.

Chiara Caselli
Chiara Caselli (born 22 December 1967) is an Italian actress. In 1994, Caselli won the Nastro d'Argento for Best Actress award for her role in Where are You? I'm Here as well as the David di Donatello for Best Actress award. Caselli has appeared in American films including My Own Private Idaho opposite River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves.

In 2002 she also appeared opposite John Malkovich in Ripley's Game.
Charlie Hodnett
Charles Hodnett (1861 – April 25, 1890) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher from 1883 to 1884. He played for the St. Louis Browns and the St. Louis Maroons.

Hodnett began his career with the American Association's Browns in 1883. He started four games, going 2-2 with a 1.41 earned run average. In 1884, he jumped to the Maroons of the Union Association. As the fifth starter on the team, he went 12-2 with a 2.01 ERA (which ranked seventh in the league). St. Louis won the pennant with a record of 94-19.

Hodnett retired from baseball after that season, due to pain resulting from an ulcerated foot. He died six years later.

Ulcer (dermatology)
An ulcer is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. Ulcers can result in complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat. Ulcers are most common on the skin of the lower extremities and in the gastrointestinal tract. An ulcer that appears on the skin is often visible as an inflamed tissue with an area of reddened skin. A skin ulcer is often visible in the event of exposure to heat or cold, irritation, or a problem with blood circulation.

They can also be caused due to a lack of mobility, which causes prolonged pressure on the tissues. This stress in the blood circulation is transformed into a skin ulcer, commonly known as bedsores or decubitus ulcers. Ulcers often become infected, and pus forms.
John Dedman
John Johnstone Dedman (2 June 1896 – 22 November 1973) was a Minister in the Australian Labor Party governments led by John Curtin and Ben Chifley. He was responsible for organising production during World War II, establishing the Australian National University, reorganising the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and developing the Snowy Mountains Scheme. Dedman represented the Federal seat of Corio, centred on Geelong between 1940 and 1949.

Minister for Industry and Innovation
The Minister for Industry and Innovation is an Australian Government cabinet position which is currently held by Tim Ayres following his swearing-in on 13 May 2025 as a result of Anthony Albanese's Labor government being re-elected at the 2025 Australian federal election.

In the Government of Australia, the minister administers this portfolio through the Department of Industry, Science and Resources.
Earl Norem
Earl H. Norem (April 17, 1923 – June 19, 2015), who signed his work simply Norem, was an American artist primarily known for his painted covers for men's-adventure magazines published by Martin Goodman's Magazine Management Company and for Goodman's line of black-and-white comics magazines affiliated with his Marvel Comics division. Over his long career, Norem also illustrated covers for novels and gaming books, as well as movie posters, baseball programs, and trading cards.

Martin Goodman (publisher)
Martin Goodman (also Morris Goodman; born Moe Goodman; January 18, 1908 – June 6, 1992) was an American publisher of pulp magazines, digest sized magazines, paperback books, men's adventure magazines, and comic books, who founded the comics magazine company Timely Comics in 1939. Timely Comics would go on to become Marvel Comics, one of the United States' two largest comic book publishers along with rival DC Comics.
Phenacobrycon
Phenacobrycon is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Stevardiidae. The only species in the genus is Phenacobrycon henni, which is endemic to Ecuador, where it is found in the Vinces River basin.

Stevardiidae
Stevardiidae is a large family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. They are found throughout South and Central America. In earlier taxonomic treatments, most genera in this family were placed in the characid subfamily Glandulocaudinae, which has been redefined as a much smaller subfamily of the Stevardiidae.

As suggested by their former taxonomic name, a gland on their caudal fin is found almost exclusively in the males of many species of this family, which allows the release and pumping of pheromones. Members of this subfamily have complex courtship behaviors which lead to insemination. The ecology and life history of these fish is complex yet little studied. Stevardiids are important components of the diet for commercially-harvested larger fish.
Unicru
Unicru was a United States computer software company which produced a human resources software line built to aid companies in evaluating job applicants and their suitability for particular positions by giving them personality tests. Many of their customers were large retailers such as Big Y, Lowe's, Hollywood Video, Hastings Entertainment, Albertsons, Toys R Us, PetSmart, Best Buy, and Blockbuster Video. According to its vendor, Unicru was used in 16% of major retail hiring in the United States as of early 2009.

Big Y
Big Y Foods, Inc. (or Big Y) is an American, family-owned supermarket chain located in Massachusetts and Connecticut. It operates under the trade names Big Y World Class Market or Big Y Supermarket. The company is headquartered in Springfield, Massachusetts, and is currently run by cousins Charles and Michael D'Amour.

Big Y is one of the largest independently owned supermarket chains in New England, and it employs over 12,000 people. In 2021 Big Y was the 210th-largest private company in the United States, according to that year's Forbes magazine "Largest Private Companies" list. Big Y is the fifth largest supermarket chain in New England after Quincy-based Stop & Shop, Scarborough-based Hannaford, West Bridgewater–based Shaw's Supermarkets, and Tewksbury-based Market Basket. Big Y is the second largest in Southern New England after the aforementioned Stop & Shop.
Garth Trinidad
Garth Trinidad is a music supervisor & radio disc jockey of electronic music in  Los Angeles, California on KCRW. He started hosting a show on KCRW in 1996, after years of volunteer work at the station. 18 years later, his drive-time show continues to be a mainstay in the LA radio market. Trinidad attended Otis College of Art and Design. He was the music supervisor for the Emmy Award-winning HBO series Entourage. As a music pundit, he has provided commentary for PBS, NPR, KTLA and KABC.

Entourage (American TV series)
Entourage is an American satirical comedy-drama television series that premiered on HBO on July 18, 2004, and ended on September 11, 2011, after eight seasons. The series was created and largely written by Doug Ellin and chronicles the acting career of Vincent Chase, a young A-list movie star, and his childhood friends from Queens, New York City, as they attempt to further their nascent careers in Los Angeles.

Mark Wahlberg and Stephen Levinson served as the show's executive producers, and its premise is loosely based on Wahlberg's experiences as an up-and-coming film star.
Tickson Music
Tickson Music was a Hollywood-based music publishing company; songwriters signed to Tickson Music included members of The Byrds, and writer Bill Martin.

Tickson Music owned Martin's song "All of Your Toys", which The Monkees chose as their first song to record with the whole band playing. The record unfortunately couldn't be released, as parent company Screen Gems had a rule that all Monkees songs had to be Screen Gems property, and Tickson Music wouldn't sell the copyright. (Martin signed a new publishing contract with Screen Gems.)

Another song published by Tickson Music was "You Showed Me", written by Byrds Roger McGuinn and Gene Clark and covered by The Turtles; former Monkees producer Chip Douglas introduced the Turtles to the song.

You Showed Me
"You Showed Me" is a song written by Gene Clark and Jim McGuinn (later known as Roger) of the Byrds in 1964.  It was recorded by the Turtles and released as a single at the end of 1968, becoming the group's last big hit in the US.  The song has also been covered or partially incorporated into other songs by a number of other acts over the years, including the Lightning Seeds, Salt-N-Pepa, Lutricia McNeal and Madison Beer.
2016 Mini Challenge UK
The 2016 Mini Challenge season was the fifteenth season of the Mini Challenge UK. The season started on 23 April at Donington Park and ended on 30 October at Snetterton Motor Racing Circuit. The season featured eight rounds across the UK.

Snetterton Circuit
Snetterton Circuit is a motor racing course in Norfolk, England, originally opened in 1953. Owned by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation since 2004, it is situated on the A11 road 12-mile (19 km) north-east of the town of Thetford and 19-mile (31 km) south-west of the city of Norwich. The circuit is named after the nearby village of Snetterton to the north-west of the circuit, although much of the circuit lies in the adjoining civil parish of Quidenham.

The circuit hosts races from series including the British Touring Car Championship, British Formula Three Championship and British Superbike Championship. From 1980 to 1994, the track hosted the UK's first 24-hour race, the Willhire 24 Hour. From 2003 to 2013 the Citroën 2CV 24 Hour Race was held at Snetterton on the 200 Circuit. After a short stint racing at Anglesey the 2CV 24Hr race has again returned to Snetterton and is usually held around the August bank holiday weekend.
Peter MacLeod
Peter B. MacLeod (October 26, 1930 – May 29, 2001) was a Canadian politician and farmer. He represented 3rd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1982 to 1989 as a Progressive Conservative.

MacLeod was born in 1930 in Lorne Valley, Prince Edward Island. He married Glenda Mae MacLeod in 1953. MacLeod was a farmer by career, and also served as a school trustee.

MacLeod attempted to enter provincial politics in the 1978, and 1979 elections, but was defeated both times by Liberal Bud Ings. MacLeod ran again in the 1982 election, and was elected councillor for the electoral district of 3rd Kings. He was re-elected in 1986, but was defeated by Liberal Roberta Hubley when he ran for re-election in 1989.

MacLeod died in Montague, Prince Edward Island on May 29, 2001.

1978 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1978 Prince Edward Island general election was held on April 24, 1978.

The election was one of the closest in P.E.I. history, with the governing Liberals of Premier Alexander B. Campbell losing a number of seats to their Progressive Conservative rivals. The decrease of the 26 to 6 Liberal majority to a slim 17 to 15 lead over the PC, and the resignation of Alex Campbell, led to an unstable legislature, and another election was held just one year later in 1979.
Tiny Encryption Algorithm
In cryptography, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is a block cipher notable for its simplicity of description and implementation, typically a few lines of code. It was designed by David Wheeler and Roger Needham of the Cambridge Computer Laboratory; it was first  presented at the Fast Software Encryption workshop in Leuven in 1994, and first published in the proceedings of that workshop.

The cipher is not subject to any patents.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Canton of Les Martres-de-Veyre
The canton of Les Martres-de-Veyre is an administrative division of the Puy-de-Dôme department, central France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Les Martres-de-Veyre.

It consists of the following communes:

Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme (French: [pɥi də dom] ⓘ; Auvergnat: lo Puèi de Doma or lo Puèi Domat) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the centre of France. In 2021, it had a population of 662,285. Its prefecture is Clermont-Ferrand and subprefectures are Ambert, Issoire, Riom, and Thiers.

Named after the Puy de Dôme dormant volcano, its inhabitants were called Puydedomois in French until 2005. With effect from 2006, in response to a letter writing campaign, the name used for the inhabitants was changed by the Puy-de-Dôme General Council to Puydômois; this is the name that has since then been used in all official documents and publications.
Philip Berruyer
Philip Berruyer (died 1260 of natural causes) was bishop of Orléans in 1234, and then archbishop of Bourges from 1236 until his death. He was responsible for overseeing much of the building work on Bourges Cathedral, though the identity of the architect or chief mason is unknown.

William of Bourges was his uncle. He is a Catholic saint, feast day 9 January, beatified in the thirteenth century.

Bourges Cathedral
Bourges Cathedral or the Cathedral of Saint Stephen of Bourges (French: Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Bourges) is a Roman Catholic church located in Bourges, France. The cathedral is dedicated to Saint Stephen and is the seat of the Archbishop of Bourges. Built atop an earlier Romanesque church from 1195 until 1230, it is largely in the High Gothic or Classic Gothic architectural style and was constructed at about the same time as Chartres Cathedral. The cathedral is particularly known for the great size and unity of its interior, the sculptural decoration of its portals, and the large collection of 13th century stained glass windows. Owing to its quintessential Gothic architecture, the cathedral was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992.
Soyuz TMA-1
Soyuz TMA-1, also catalogued as Soyuz TM-35, was a 2002 Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) launched by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle with a Russian-Belgian cosmonaut crew blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. This was the fifth Russian Soyuz spacecraft to fly to the ISS. It was also the first flight of the TMA-class Soyuz spacecraft. Soyuz TM-34 was the last of the prior Soyuz-TM spacecraft to be launched. The European segment of the mission was called "Odissea".

Pirs (ISS module)
Pirs (Russian: Пирс, meaning "pier") – also called Stykovochny Otsek 1 (SO-1; Russian: Стыковочный отсек, "docking module") and DC-1 (Docking Compartment 1) – was a Russian module on the International Space Station (ISS). Pirs was launched on 14 September 2001, and was located on the Zvezda module of the station. It provided the ISS with one docking port for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and allowed egress and ingress for spacewalks by cosmonauts using Russian Orlan space suits. Pirs was docked to Zvezda for almost 20 years, until 26 July 2021, when it was decommissioned and undocked by Progress MS-16 to make way for the new Nauka module.
Ekaterina Rybolovleva
Ekaterina Dmitrievna Rybolovleva (born 4 June 1989, in Perm, Soviet Union) is a businesswoman, equestrian and socialite. She is the daughter of Russian oligarch Dmitry Rybolovlev and the owner of several businesses and properties, including those on the islands of Skorpios and Sparti. Rybolovleva also owns the football club AS Monaco FC via a trust in her name, while her father serves as the club president.

Socialite
A socialite is a person, typically a woman from a wealthy or aristocratic background, who is prominent in high society. A socialite generally spends a significant amount of time attending various fashionable social gatherings, instead of having traditional employment.