hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paxton Chadwick
Albert Paxton Chadwick (4 September 1903 - 6 September 1961) was an English artist, art teacher and politician.

Paxton was born at Fallowfield, Manchester, the son of George Harry Chadwick, and Helen Wrigley née Renton. Paxton attended Manchester Grammar School followed by Manchester School of Art. He then started out on a career as a commercial artist, first in Manchester, then London followed by Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire. However A. S. Neill offered him a job as art teacher at Summerhill School, which Chadwick accepted. Here he soon fitted in with a group of Communist Party activists. When the Leiston Communist Party was founded in 1934, Chadwick became a member by 1935.

Chad, as he was known, became a prominent local councillor and secretary of the Leiston Communist Party. He raised safety concerns when the Central Electricity Generating Board started to consider building a power station at Sizewell.

A. S. Neill
Alexander Sutherland Neill (17 October 1883 – 23 September 1973) was a Scottish educator and author known for his school, Summerhill, and its philosophy of freedom from adult coercion and community self-governance. Raised in Scotland, Neill taught at several schools before attending the University of Edinburgh in 1908–1912. He took two jobs in journalism before World War I, and taught at Gretna Green Village School in the second year of the war, writing his first book, A Dominie's Log (1915), as a diary of his life there as head teacher. He joined a Dresden school in 1921 and founded Summerhill on returning to England in 1924. Summerhill gained renown in the 1930s and then in the 1960s–1970s, due to progressive and counter-culture interest. Neill wrote 20 books. His top seller was the 1960 Summerhill, read widely in the free school movement from the 1960s.
Rorbu
Rorbu is a Norwegian traditional type of seasonal house used by fishermen, normally located in a fishing village. The buildings are constructed on land, but with the one end on poles in the water, allowing easy access to vessels. The style and term is used along the coast of Western Norway and Northern Norway, and is most common on Lofoten and northwards to eastern Finnmark. The use of rorbu for fishing has diminished and the style of housing is now largely used to rent out to tourists.

In 1999 the painter Ingo Kühl visited the Lofoten, set up a provisional studio in Reine in a rorbu and painted the view over the harbor to the mountain range.

Fishing village
A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood. The continents and islands around the world have coastlines totalling around 356,000 kilometres (221,000 mi). From Neolithic times, these coastlines, as well as the shorelines of inland lakes and the banks of rivers, have been punctuated with fishing villages. Most surviving fishing villages are traditional.
Vermilion box
A vermilion box is a (hypothetical) portable telephone line emulator used for phreaking, whose function is to spoof all of the aspects of an incoming phone call—DC line voltage, an AC ringing signal and caller ID—while the line is disconnected from the public switched telephone network (PSTN), as well as allow the user to communicate with the recipient if the call is answered. Its use requires a physical connection to the circuit somewhere between the target premises and the exchange (in either the local loop or the access network), but when properly applied, results in a stealth-intensive incoming call that appears completely genuine but which cannot be electronically traced. Typically, the user physically disconnects the target line from the network or causes an outage in the system, connects the vermilion box, and then initiates the illicit call.

Telephone line
A telephone line or telephone circuit (or just line or circuit industrywide) is a single-user circuit on a telephone communication system. It is designed to reproduce speech of a quality that is understandable. It is the physical wire or other signaling medium connecting the user's telephone apparatus to the telecommunications network, and usually also implies a single telephone number for billing purposes reserved for that user.

Telephone lines are used to deliver consistent landline telephone service and digital subscriber line (DSL) phone cable service to the premises. Telephone overhead lines are connected to the public switched telephone network. The voltage at a subscriber's network interface is typically 48 V between the ring and tip wires, with tip near ground and ring at –48 V.
Arakhley (lake)
Arakhley (Russian: Арахле́й; Buryat: Арахира нуур) is a fresh water body in the Chita District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is the 208th lake in Russia in water surface. The villages of Arakhley and Preobrazhenka are located near the lakeshore. Arakhley is a locally well-known tourist destination and there are a number of resorts by the lake.

Lake Arakhley is located within the Ivano-Arakhley State Natural Landscape Reserve, a protected area of regional significance created in 1995, covering an area of 210,000 ha (520,000 acres).

Common roach
The roach, or rutilus roach (Rutilus rutilus), also known as the common roach, is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the family Cyprinidae, native to most of Europe and western Asia. Fish called roach can be any species of the genera Rutilus, Leucos and Hesperoleucus, depending on locality. The plural of the term is also roach.
Jesin TK
Jesin Thonikkara is an Indian professional footballer from Malappuram, Kerala who plays for East Bengal FC and its reserve team. He has represented Kerala State Football Team in Santosh Trophy. He scored five goals in Semi-final of Santosh Trophy 2021–22 against Karnataka to gain acclaim and attention. He played for Kerala United in Kerala Premier League before joining East Bengal.

2021–22 Santosh Trophy
The 2021–22 Santosh Trophy was the 75th edition of the Santosh Trophy, the premier competition in India for teams representing their regional and state football associations. The last season was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic in India.

The main round of the tournament was held in Manjeri, and was contested by 10 teams divided into two groups. Kerala and West Bengal from Group A and Manipur and Karnataka from Group B reached the semi-finals, and eventually Kerala and West Bengal faced in the final. Kerala won their seventh title after defeating West Bengal in the penalties.
Bele (rural locality)
Bele (Russian: Беле; Altay: Беле) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chelushmanskoye Rural Settlement of Ulagansky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 30 as of 2016. There is 1 street.

Ulagansky District
Ulagansky District (Russian: Улага́нский райо́н; Altay: Улаган аймак, Ulagan aymak) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Altai Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders Turochaksky District, Choysky District, Ongudaysky District, and Kosh-Agachsky District, as well as the republics of Tuva and Khakassia. The area of the district is 18,367 square kilometers (7,092 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ulagan. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 11,388, with the population of Ulagan accounting for 28.3% of that number. Altai make up 57.2% of the district's population, followed by Russians (20.2%), Telengits (16.3%), Kazakhs (4.5%) and Uzbeks (1.8%).
MV Stena Nordica
Seven motor vessels of Stena Line have carried the name Stena Nordica.

MV Stena Nordica (1965)

MV Stena Nordica (1969)

MV Stena Nordica (1973)

MV Stena Nordica (1974)

MV Stena Nordica (1975)

MV Stena Nordica (1979)

MV Stena Nordica (2000)

Stena Line
Stena Line is a Swedish shipping line company and one of the world's largest ferry operators. It services Denmark, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Latvia, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland and Sweden. Stena Line is a major unit of Stena AB, itself a part of the Stena Sphere. It is a sister company to Stena Bulk, one of largest tanker companies in the world.
Sam Williams (baseball)
Samuel Clarence Williams (October 13, 1922 – August 8, 2007) was an American Negro league pitcher between 1947 and 1952.

A native of Ketona, Alabama, Williams served in the United States Army during World War II. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1947 for the Birmingham Black Barons. Williams got the start in Game 6 of the 1948 Negro American League championship series for Birmingham, and went 8.1 innings in a Birmingham loss. He played with the Black Barons through 1950, played in Mexico in 1951, and returned to the Barons in 1952, but finished the season with the Brandon Greys of the Mandak League. Williams went on to play minor league baseball for the Oklahoma City Indians, Pampa Oilers, Eugene Emeralds and San Jose JoSox through 1956, then played two more seasons in Mexico before retiring. He died in San Jose, California in 2007 at age 84.

Birmingham Black Barons
The Birmingham Black Barons were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1920 until 1960, including 18 seasons recognized as Major League by Major League Baseball. They shared their home field of Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Alabama, with the white Birmingham Barons, usually drawing larger crowds and equal press.
Albertine-Elisabeth Pater
Albertine-Elisabeth Pater (1742–1817), was a Dutch and French aristocrat and spy. She is known as the secret mistress of Louis XV in 1771. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

Maîtresse-en-titre
The maîtresse-en-titre (French: [mɛtʁɛs ɑ̃ titʁ]) was the official royal mistress of the King of France. 
The title was vaguely defined and used in the Middle Ages but finally became an acknowledged, if informal, position during the reign of Henry IV (r. 1589–1610), and continued through the reign of Louis XV (r. 1715–1774). It was a semi-official position which came with its own apartments, estates and a title if the woman did not have any.

Some individuals having this position acquired significant power and more influence than the Queen of France, as some mistresses were known to advise the King of France in state affairs if he was so infatuated, broker favors for clients, elevate others in social mobility, forge alliances and negotiate with foreign diplomats.

In contrast, the title petite maîtresse was the title of a mistress who was not officially acknowledged.
Herman Watts
Herman "Lefty" Watts (December 18, 1919 – September 14, 1960) was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues. He played in 1941 with the New York Black Yankees Jacksonville Red Caps, and in 1942 with the Cincinnati Buckeyes. Watts was involved in a car accident on September 7, 1942. Ulysses Brown and Smoky Owens died, while Watts, Eugene Bremmer, Alonzo Boone, and Wilbur Hayes were injured.

Watts returned to Indianapolis, becoming combination player-manager of the Indianapolis ABCs.

New York Black Yankees
The New York Black Yankees were a professional Negro league baseball team based in New York City; Paterson, New Jersey; and Rochester, New York. Beginning as the independent Harlem Stars, the team was renamed the New York Black Yankees in 1932 and joined the Negro National League in 1936, and remained in the league through 1948.

The Black Yankees played at Paterson, New Jersey's Hinchliffe Stadium from 1933 to 1935 and from 1937 to 1938. They had no primary home ballpark in 1939. From 1940 to 1947, they primarily played home games at Yankee Stadium. In 1948, they played the majority of their home games at Red Wing Stadium in Rochester.
Pangio
Pangio is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as Acanthophthalmus. The "kuhli loach" is well-known in the aquarium trade and commonly identified as P. kuhlii, but most individuals actually appear to be P. semicincta.

The type species is Cobitis cinnamomea McClelland 1839, now known as Pangio pangia.

These fish are best represented in Southeast Asia where all but five of the species live, including the Greater Sunda Islands with sixteen species. The five species found outside Southeast Asia are from India and Myanmar. They inhabit a wide range of mostly calm waters such as streams, swamps (often peat swamps) and backwaters, but there are also species in fast-flowing waters, and one, P. bhujia, lives underground.

Greater Sunda Islands
The Greater Sunda Islands (Indonesian and Malay: Kepulauan Sunda Besar) are four tropical islands situated within the Indonesian Archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean. The islands, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi and Sumatra, are internationally recognised for their ecological diversity and rich culture. Together with the Lesser Sunda Islands to their southeast, they comprise the archipelago known as the Sunda Islands.

Mainly part of Indonesia, each island is diverse in its ethnicity, culture and biological attributes. The islands have a long and rich history which has shaped their cultural backgrounds.
Common rail
Common rail direct fuel injection is a direct fuel injection system built around a high-pressure fuel rail feeding solenoid valves. This pressure is typically over 2,000 bar or 200 MPa or 29,000 psi. A common rail system contrasts with the low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors (or pump nozzles). High-pressure injection delivers power and fuel consumption benefits over earlier lower pressure fuel injection, by injecting fuel as a larger number of smaller droplets, giving a much higher ratio of surface area to volume. This provides improved vaporization from the surface of the fuel droplets, and so more efficient combining of atmospheric oxygen with vaporized fuel delivering more complete combustion.

Common rail injection is widely used in diesel engines. It is also the basis of gasoline direct injection systems used on petrol engines.

Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar, and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1,000 Pa), which is equal to one centibar.

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101325 Pa.
Meteorological observations typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals per the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, thus a standard atmosphere or typical sea-level air pressure is about 1,013 hPa. Reports in the United States typically use inches of mercury or millibars (hectopascals). In Canada, these reports are given in kilopascals.
Hammer mill
A hammer mill, hammer forge or hammer works was a workshop in the pre-industrial era that was typically used to manufacture semi-finished, wrought iron products or, sometimes, finished agricultural or mining tools, or military weapons. The feature that gave its name to these workshops was the water-driven trip hammer, or set of hammers, used in the process. The shaft, or 'helve', of the hammer was pivoted in the middle and the hammer head was lifted by the action of cams set on a rotating camshaft that periodically depressed the end of the shaft. As it rose and fell, the head of the hammer described an arc.  The face of the hammer was made of iron for durability.

Upper Palatinate
The Upper Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Oberpfalz, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌpfalts] ⓘ, Bavarian: Obapfoiz, Owerpfolz) is an administrative district in the east of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of seven districts and 226 municipalities, including three cities.
Bow window
A bow window or compass window is a curved bay window. Like bay windows, bow windows add space to a room by projecting beyond the exterior wall of a building and provide a wider view of the garden or street outside than flush windows, but combine four or more facets, differentiating them from the more common three-sided bay window. Casement windows are often used for ventilation.

Bow windows first appeared in the eighteenth century in the United Kingdom (and in the Federal period in the United States).

Many-sided bow window at the Department of Information and International Relations of the Central Tibetan Administration

Four-sash Art Nouveau style bow window on the Boulevard De Smet de Nayer in Brussels

Five-sided chörlein at the parsonage of St. Sebaldus Church, Nuremberg, before 1361

Five-pane oriel-style bow window

Five-sided bow window at Balidon House, North Coker, Yeovil, Somerset

Interior view of bow window at Trerice

St. Sebaldus Church, Nuremberg
St. Sebaldus Church (St. Sebald, Sebalduskirche) is a medieval church in Nuremberg, Germany. Along with Frauenkirche (Our Lady's Church) and St. Lorenz, it is one of the most important churches of the city, and also one of the oldest. It is located at the Albrecht-Dürer-Platz, in front of the old city hall. It takes its name from Sebaldus, an 8th-century hermit and missionary and patron saint of Nuremberg. It has been a Lutheran parish church since the Reformation.
Judicial independence
Judicial independence is the concept that the judiciary should be independent from the other branches of government, meaning that courts should not be subject to improper influence from those branches or from private or partisan interests. Judicial independence is an important component of the separation of powers.

Different countries deal with the idea of judicial independence through different means of judicial selection, that is, choosing judges. One method seen as promoting judicial independence is by granting life tenure or long tenure for judges, as it would ideally free them to decide cases and make rulings according to the rule of law and judicial discretion, even if those decisions are politically unpopular or opposed by powerful interests. This concept can be traced back to 18th-century England.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Vernon K. Irvine
Vernon Kremer Irvine (June 24, 1871 – September 4, 1942) was an American college football coach and educator. He served as the head football coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for one season, in 1894, compiling a record of 6–3.

Irvine was born one June 24, 1871 in Bedford, Pennsylvania. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, where played football as an end, and Princeton University, where he was captain of the "scrub" football team. Irvine was the principal of Butler High School in Butler, Pennsylvania for 36 years, until his retirement in 1934 due to poor health. He moved to St. Petersburg, Florida, where he died September 4, 1942.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Jim Massey (American football)
James Lee Massey (born May 24, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Linfield Wildcats.

Linfield Wildcats football
The Linfield Wildcats football team represents Linfield University, located in McMinnville, Oregon, in NCAA Division III college football.

The Wildcats, who began playing football in 1896, compete as members of the Northwest Conference.

The Linfield Wildcats football team has the longest streak of consecutive winning seasons across all levels of college football. As of 2025, the team has had 69 consecutive winning seasons.
Styphelia trichostyla
Styphelia trichostyla, commonly known as daphne heath, is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and white, tube-shaped flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Waikaraka Cycleway
The Waikaraka Cycleway is an off-road cycleway in the south of the Auckland isthmus, New Zealand, running from the suburb of Wesley along New Zealand State Highway 20 to Onehunga and then continuing along the shoreline of the Manukau Harbour (Māngere Inlet) beside mostly industrialised areas until it ends at Hugo Johnston Drive, in Southdown.

Wesley, New Zealand
Wesley is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand, located in the south-west of the Auckland isthmus. The area is a part of the Oakley Creek catchment, and in the 19th and early 20th centuries was primarily swampland owned by the Weslayan Mission. The New Zealand Government developed Wesley as a state housing area in the 1940s and 1950s.
Internal Security Organisation
The Internal Security Organisation (ISO) is the Uganda government's counter intelligence agency responsible for providing national security intelligence to Uganda's policy makers.  It also engages in covert activities at the request of the President of Uganda. Founded in 1986, the organisation took over the duties first performed by Military Intelligence. Its headquarters are in Nakasero, Kampala.

Nakasero
Nakasero is a hill and neighborhood in the centre of Kampala, the capital and largest city of Uganda. Nakasero is important to Uganda's economy and politics, as it is home to Kampala's central business district and several government offices, including the Ugandan Parliament Buildings.