hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foreign Language Annals
Foreign Language Annals is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. It was established in 1967 and covers research on language learning and teaching, focusing primarily on language education for languages other than English. The current editor-in-chief is Julie Sykes (University of Oregon).

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 1.782.

American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) is a language education organization based in Alexandria, Virginia. It is an individual membership organization and administrators from elementary through graduate education, as well as in government and industry.

The organization was founded in 1967 as a small offshoot of the Modern Language Association (MLA). The organization has established proficiency guidelines, advocated for language education funding, and connected colleagues at the ACTFL Annual Convention.
Dave LaRoche
David Eugene LaRoche (né Garcia; born May 14, 1948) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and coach. LaRoche is most famous for throwing his own variant of the eephus pitch, which he called  "La Lob". Over his career, LaRoche went 65–58, with 819 strikeouts in 1,0491⁄3 innings pitched. He has a career 3.53 ERA.

Before retiring from baseball following the 2015 season, LaRoche was the pitching coach for the New York Mets' short-season affiliate, the Brooklyn Cyclones. He is the father of former MLB players Adam LaRoche and Andy LaRoche.

Brooklyn Cyclones
The Brooklyn Cyclones are a Minor League Baseball team of the South Atlantic League and the High-A affiliate of the New York Mets. They are based in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, and play at Maimonides Park, just off the Coney Island Boardwalk.

Brooklyn won six division titles and two NYPL championships. In 2001, the Cyclones were declared co-league champions with the Williamsport Crosscutters, being forced to prematurely end their championship series due to the September 11 attacks, despite the Cyclones leading the series one game to none. Their second NYPL championship came in 2019, representing the first title for a professional sports team based in Brooklyn since the 1955 Brooklyn Dodgers. Brooklyn won its first South Atlantic League championship in 2025.

The club was owned by the Mets from its inception through 2024, when it was sold to Diamond Baseball Holdings, a conglomerate that operates over 40 Minor League Baseball teams in the United States and Canada.
Shubenacadie Sam
Shubenacadie Sam is a female Canadian groundhog who lives at the Shubenacadie Wildlife Park in the town of Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia. Every February 2, on Groundhog Day, Sam's shadow is closely observed at 08:00 AST to make the traditional prediction whether there will be an early spring. Due to Nova Scotia's Atlantic Time Zone, Sam makes the first Groundhog Day prediction in North America.

The prediction ceremony draws an early-morning festive crowd of about 200 families and visitors to the wildlife park, sometimes heralded by a groundhog mascot, bagpiper and town crier. The wildlife park, usually only open on weekends in the winter, changes its seasonal hours to open especially for the annual ritual. Shubenacadie Sam predicted an early spring in 2026.

Bagpipes
The bagpipe is a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipe is well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, North Africa, West Asia, around the Persian Gulf and northern parts of South Asia.

The term bagpipes is also used, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as "the pipes", "a set of pipes" or "a stand of pipes".

Bagpipes are part of the aerophone group because to play the instrument,  air must be blown into it to produce a sound.
Konza Prairie Biological Station
The Konza Prairie Biological Station is a 8,616-acre (3,487 ha) protected area of native tallgrass prairie in the Flint Hills of northeastern Kansas. "Konza" is an alternative name for the Kansa or Kaw Indians who inhabited this area until the mid-19th century. The Konza Prairie is owned by The Nature Conservancy and Kansas State University.

Kaw people
The Kaw Nation (Kansa: Kaáⁿze), also known as the Kanza or Kansa, is a federally recognized Native American tribe in Oklahoma and parts of Kansas. The Kaw people historically lived in the central Midwestern United States. They have also been called the "People of the South Wind", "People of Water", Kansa, Kaza, Konza, Conza, Quans, Kosa, and Kasa. Their tribal language is Kansa, classified as a Siouan language.

The state of Kansas was named for this tribe. The name of Topeka, capital city of Kansas, is said to be the Kaw word Tó Ppí Kˀé meaning 'a good place to grow potatoes'. The Kaw are closely related to the Osage Nation, with whom members often intermarried.
Shelaidaha Union
Shelaidaha Union (Bengali: শিলাইদহ ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Kumarkhali Upazila, in Kushtia District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 64.41 square kilometres (24.87 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 24,238. There are 17 villages and 17 mouzas in the union.

Kushtia District
Kushtia District (Bengali: কুষ্টিয়া জেলা; pronounced [kuʃʈi̯a‿d͡ʒela] ⓘ) is a district in the Khulna administrative division of western Bangladesh. Kushtia is the second largest municipality in Bangladesh and the eleventh largest city in the country. Kushtia has existed as a separate district since the partition of India. Prior to that, Kushtia was name of a subdivision of Nadia district. Kushtia is the birthplace of many historical figures including Mir Mosharraf Hossain (1847–1912), Bagha Jatin (1879–1915) Akshay Kumar Maitreya(1861 – 1930) and Lalon (1774–1890). Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore lived his early life at Shelaidaha, a village in the district.
Anthony "Sooty" Jones
Anthony Jones (also known as "Sooty" Jones; December 18, 1952 – November 6, 1999) was an American rock bassist. He played bass guitar for the British band Humble Pie, when Steve Marriott reformed the group in April 1980. Jones is credited on the Humble Pie albums On to Victory released by Atco in 1980, and Go for the Throat also released by Atco the following year.

Bassist
A bassist (also known as a bass player or bass guitarist) is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar (electric bass, acoustic bass), keyboard bass (synth bass) or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or trombone. Many musical genres tend to be associated with at least one or more of these instruments.
Aphnaeus asterius
Aphnaeus asterius, the brick silver spot, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Équateur and Sankuru). The habitat consists of primary forests.

Sankuru
Sankuru is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning.  Sankuru, Kasaï-Oriental, and Lomami provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Kasaï-Oriental province.  Sankuru was formed from the Sankuru District whose town of Lusambo was elevated to capital city of the new province.

As of 2020, its population was estimated to be 2,593,400.
Hasumi
Hasumi (written: 蓮見, 蓮實 or 羽住) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eiichirō Hasumi (羽住 英一郎, born 1967), Japanese film director

Saburo Hasumi (蓮見 三郎, 1896–?), Japanese middle-distance runner

Tomohiro Hasumi (蓮見 知弘, born 1972), Japanese footballer

Hasumi (written: 葉純) is also a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

Hasumi Ishigooka (石郷岡 葉純, born 1996), Japanese curler

Hasumi Ishigooka
Hasumi Ishigooka (石郷岡 葉純, Ishigōoka Hasumi; born June 17, 1996 in Aomori) is a Japanese curler from Nagano. She currently plays lead on the Chubu Electric Power curling team, which won the Japan Curling Championships in both 2017 and 2019. At the international level, she has represented Japan twice at the World Women's Curling Championship (2019, 2022) and the 2019 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships, where she won a silver medal.
Ivan Bebek
Ivan Bebek (born 30 May 1977) is a Croatian football referee.

Bebek is the only Croatian referee to have supervised three UEFA Champions League group stage matches (Lazio v. Werder Bremen during the 2007–08 season, Bordeaux v. CFR Cluj in the 2008–09 season and Copenhagen v. Juventus during the 2013–14 season). He also refereed at the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League knockout stage (Paris Saint-Germain v. Bayer Leverkusen).

He has refereed at the 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup. He was also a fourth official at UEFA Euro 2008. He refereed at the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup and invited to Indian League.

He was preselected as a referee for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

2008–09 UEFA Champions League
The 2008–09 UEFA Champions League was the 54th edition of Europe's premier club football tournament and the 17th edition under the current UEFA Champions League format. The final was played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy, on 27 May 2009. It was the eighth time the European Cup final has been held in Italy and the fourth time it has been held at the Stadio Olimpico. The final was contested by the defending champions, Manchester United, and Barcelona, who had last won the tournament in 2006. Barcelona won the match 2–0, with goals from Samuel Eto'o and Lionel Messi, securing The Treble in the process. In addition, both UEFA Cup finalists, Werder Bremen and Shakhtar Donetsk featured in the Champions League group stage.

Anorthosis Famagusta of Cyprus and BATE Borisov of Belarus were the first teams from their respective countries to qualify for the group stage. Romanian side CFR Cluj and Russian champions Zenit Saint Petersburg also made their Champions League debuts.
Worship (style)
Worship is an honorific prefix for mayors, justices of the peace, peace commissioners, and magistrates in some present or former Commonwealth realms. In spoken address, these officials are addressed as Your Worship or referred to as His Worship, Her Worship, or Their Worship (French: Son Honneur). In Australia, all states now use Your Honour as the form of address for magistrates (the same as has always been used for judges in higher courts).

Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed.

Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either inflectional, creating a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same lexical category, or derivational, creating a new word with a new semantic meaning and sometimes also a different lexical category. Prefixes, like all affixes, are usually bound morphemes.

English has no inflectional prefixes, using only suffixes for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For example, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy.

The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix (meaning "attach", in this case), and the prefix pre- (meaning "before"), both of which are derived from Latin roots.
G.J. College, Bihta
G.J. College, Bihta, also known as Sri Gadadhar Acharya Janta College, established in 1958, is a general degree college in Ramgarh, Bihta, Bihar. It is a constituent unit of Patliputra University. College offers undergraduate courses in science, commerce, and arts.

Bihta
Bihta is a town and Block under Danapur Tehsil in Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. Bihta is part of Maner assembly constituency under the Pataliputra Lok Sabha. It is located around 30 km (19 mi) west of Patna. Bihta is also an upcoming satellite town of Patna. The IIT Patna is around 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Bihta railway station.
Quarry Limekiln
The Quarry Limekiln, near Erin, Tennessee, dating from around 1873, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

It is a "single masonry 'perpetual-burning' limekiln", built of limestone blocks on its exterior and with brick in its interior.  It is about 22 feet (6.7 m) tall, on a base about 18 by 20.5 feet (5.5 m × 6.2 m) in size, tapering up to a top that is about 13 by 17 feet (4.0 m × 5.2 m).

It was deemed significant for its association with the lime industry in the history of Houston County (where the lime industry was the most significant industry) and the Middle Tennessee region.

It is located on State Route 49, approximately 0.25 miles east of Denmark Road.

Houston County, Tennessee
Houston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,283. Its county seat is Erin. The county was founded in 1871. It was named for Sam Houston.
Jerry Dybzinski
Jerome Matthew Dybzinski (born July 7, 1955) is an American former professional baseball shortstop. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians, Chicago White Sox, and Pittsburgh Pirates. In 468 career games, Dybzinski recorded a batting average of .234 and accumulated three home runs and 93 runs batted in (RBI).

Born in Cleveland, Dybzinski played college baseball at Cleveland State University and was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in 1977. He spent the next four years in the minor leagues before making the major league roster in 1980. After three seasons with the Indians, he was traded to the Chicago White Sox in 1983, where he was part of the team's playoff run. Dybzinski spent two seasons with the White Sox before being released. He spent the next two seasons with the Pittsburgh Pirates and Seattle Mariners organizations before retiring from professional baseball in 1986.

Cleveland State University
Cleveland State University (CSU) is a public research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1964 and opened for classes in 1965 after acquiring the entirety of Fenn College, a private school that had been in operation since 1923. CSU absorbed the Cleveland-Marshall School of Law in 1969. Today it is part of the University System of Ohio, has more than 120,000 alumni, and offers over 200 academic programs amongst eight colleges. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
2004 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix
The 2004 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix was the 11th Summer Grand Prix season in ski jumping on plastic. The season began on 31 July 2004 in Hinterzarten, Germany and ended on 26 September 2004 in Hakuba, Japan.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup and the Continental Cup.

Hakuba
Hakuba (白馬村, Hakuba-mura) is a village located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of April 1, 2019, the village had an estimated population of 9,007 in 4267 households, and a population density of 48 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 189.36 square kilometres (73.11 sq mi). Hakuba is located in the eastern foothills of the Hida Mountains in the northern part of the Japanese Alps and is a popular ski resort. It is also the starting point for trekking Mount Shirouma and Mount Goryu, two of the One Hundred Mountains of Japan. The Hakuba Valley receives an average annual snow fall of 655 cm (258 inches). The 2024–25 winter season in Hakuba holds the record for the highest snowfall in a single winter, with a total accumulation of 782 cm. Hakuba is the central hub for 10 ski resorts with more than 200 runs. The village was the main event venue for 1998 Winter Olympics (Alpine, Ski Jump, Crosscountry).
Michael Konelios
Michael Konelios is a Marshallese politician and government minister.  As of 2012, he was the  Minister of Resources and Development. Konelios was involved in the negotiation with Taiwan to provide solar-powered streetlights to the Marshall Islands.

He was Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Kessai Note from 2000 to 2002.

Ministry of Finance (Marshall Islands)
Ministry of Finance of the Marshall Islands is a government ministry in the Marshall Islands responsible for providing a management system for public finances to manage revenue and fiscal functions of the Government of the Marshall Islands.

The ministry was established in 1990 under the 11 MIRC Chapter 1 Financial Management Act.
Dry toilet
A dry toilet (or non-flush toilet, no flush toilet or toilet without a flush) is a toilet which, unlike a flush toilet, does not use flush water. Dry toilets do not use water to move excreta along or block odors. They do not produce sewage, and are not connected to a sewer system or septic tank. Instead, excreta falls through a drop hole.

A variety of dry toilets exist, ranging from simple bucket toilets to specialized incinerating and freezing toilets.

Sanitary sewer
A sanitary sewer is an underground pipe or tunnel system for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings (but not stormwater) to a sewage treatment plant or disposal.

Sanitary sewers are a type of gravity sewer and are part of an overall system called a "sewage system" or sewerage. Sanitary sewers serving industrial areas may also carry industrial wastewater. In municipalities served by sanitary sewers, separate storm drains may convey surface runoff directly to surface waters. An advantage of sanitary sewer systems is that they avoid combined sewer overflows. Sanitary sewers are typically much smaller in diameter than combined sewers which also transport urban runoff. Backups of raw sewage can occur if excessive stormwater inflow or groundwater infiltration occurs due to leaking joints, defective pipes etc. in aging infrastructure.
Injap Tower Hotel
Injap Tower Hotel is a 21-storey condo hotel located along Sen. Benigno Aquino Jr. Avenue in Mandurriao, Iloilo City, Philippines, directly across from SM City Iloilo. The hotel is managed by Hotel 101 and was initially operated by Hotel of Asia, Inc. upon its opening in 2013, under DoubleDragon Corporation.

Upon its completion in 2013, Injap Tower Hotel became the tallest building in Iloilo City and in the Western Visayas region, standing at a height of 74.9 metres (246 feet). It held the status until 2018, when it was surpassed by the nearby 18-storey SM Strata twin towers, which are approximately 9 metres (30 feet) taller. As of 2025, Injap Tower remains the tallest hotel in Western Visayas and the fourth tallest building in Iloilo City.

The hotel features 194 identical rooms marketed as "Happy Rooms." It also features the Horizon Café, a restaurant located on the top floor, and a wellness facility known as The Spa Circle.

Mandurriao
Mandurriao ([manduˈryaw]) is a district in Iloilo City, Philippines. It is the second-largest district by geographical area as well as the third-most populous district, with 66,464 people in the 2024 census. Mandurriao is one of the major business districts of Iloilo City, along with Iloilo City Proper.

Mandurriao is known for its modern developments and vibrant nightlife scene. The district is home to several major mixed-use developments, including Iloilo Business Park, Atria Park District, SM Iloilo Complex, Smallville Business Complex, and Gaisano Iloilo City Center. Due to its dynamic environment, Mandurriao is sometimes nicknamed 'the district that never sleeps' of Iloilo.
Prabath de Zoysa
Prabath de Zoysa (born 24 October 1999) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Sebastianites Cricket and Athletic Club in Tier B of the 2019–20 Premier League Tournament on 6 February 2020. He made his List A debut on 11 November 2021, for Galle Cricket Club in the 2021–22 Major Clubs Limited Over Tournament.

Galle Cricket Club
Galle Cricket Club is a first-class cricket team based in Galle, Sri Lanka. They play their home games at Galle International Stadium, which was reconstructed after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. In the 2016–17 season, they took part in the Premier Trophy, Sri Lankan cricket's first-class competition.
Britannia (TV series)
Britannia is a British historical fantasy drama television series created by Jez Butterworth and Tom Butterworth. The show was the first co-production between Sky UK and Amazon Prime Video and stars Kelly Reilly, David Morrissey, Zoë Wanamaker, Mackenzie Crook, Nikolaj Lie Kaas, and Eleanor Worthington Cox. It first aired on Sky Atlantic in the UK beginning 18 January 2018 and on Amazon Prime Video in the US beginning 26 January 2018. The first series aired on Epix beginning 2 August 2020.  Pop songs were used as theme music for the three series to date: Donovan's "Hurdy Gurdy Man" (series 1), his "Season of the Witch" (series 2), and "Children of the Revolution" by T. Rex (series 3). In March 2023, the series was cancelled after three seasons.

Mackenzie Crook
Mackenzie Crook (born Paul James Crook, 29 September 1971) is an English actor, director, comedian and writer best known for his roles in television and film. He gained widespread recognition for portraying Gareth Keenan in the British sitcom The Office (2001–2003) and for his role as Ragetti in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series (2003–2007). He also played Orell in the HBO series Game of Thrones, and the title role of Worzel Gummidge (2019–2022), which he wrote and directed.

Crook has also worked extensively in theatre, including a Tony Award-nominated performance in Jerusalem. His career spans comedy, drama, and fantasy, establishing him as a versatile figure in British entertainment.
Robert O. Perrin
Robert Oliver Perrin (November 3, 1823 – October 8, 1878) was an American physician who served as president of the Greene County, Alabama, Board of Health until his death in 1878.

Perrin previously served as a senior officer of the Confederate States Army, commanding the 11th Mississippi Cavalry Regiment in the Western Theater of the American Civil War from 1863 until he resigned his commission in 1865. He died on October 8, 1878, at his home in Eutaw, Alabama, of heart disease at the age of 54.

Eutaw, Alabama
Eutaw (/ˈjuːtɔː/ YOO-taw) is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 2,937. The city was named in honor of the Battle of Eutaw Springs, the last engagement of the American Revolutionary War in the Carolinas.
Heat (Colder album)
Heat is the second album from French musician Colder, released by Output Recordings on 4 July 2005. The album was produced in Paris and was released on CD, limited edition CD (housed in a digipak), and limited edition red-coloured 12" vinyl. The album was also released on CD in Mexico with two bonus tracks. All versions of the album are out of print.

Optical disc packaging
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.