hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nakayama's conjecture
In mathematics, Nakayama's conjecture is a conjecture about Artinian rings, introduced by Nakayama (1958). The generalized Nakayama conjecture is an extension to more general rings, introduced by Auslander and Reiten (1975). Leuschke & Huneke (2004) proved some cases of the generalized Nakayama conjecture.

Nakayama's conjecture states that if all the modules of a minimal injective resolution of an Artin algebra R are injective and projective, then R is self-injective.

Projective module
In mathematics, particularly in algebra, the class of projective modules enlarges the class of free modules (that is, modules with basis vectors) over a ring, keeping some of the main properties of free modules. Various equivalent characterizations of these modules appear below.

Every free module is a projective module, but the converse fails to hold over some rings, such as Dedekind rings that are not principal ideal domains. However, every projective module is a free module if the ring is a principal ideal domain such as the integers, or a (multivariate) polynomial ring over a field (this is the Quillen–Suslin theorem).

Projective modules were first introduced in 1956 in the influential book Homological Algebra by Henri Cartan and Samuel Eilenberg.
1994 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 1994 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 107th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1994 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

1994 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1994 Bank of Ireland All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 108th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 15 May 1994 and ended on 18 September 1994.

Derry entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Down in the Ulster quarter-final in what is regarded as one of the greatest games of all time.

On 18 September 1994, Down won the championship following a 1–12 to 0–13 defeat of Dublin in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title and their first in three championship seasons.

Dublin's Charlie Redmond was the championship's top scorer. Down's Mickey Linden was the choice for Texaco Footballer of the Year.
The King Who Would Have a Beautiful Wife
The King who would have a Beautiful Wife or The King Who Wanted a Beautiful Wife is an Italian fairy tale collected by Laura Gonzenbach in Sicilianische Märchen.  Thomas Crane included in his Italian Popular Tales, and Andrew Lang, in The Pink Fairy Book.

Italo Calvino included a variant The Three Crones, from Venice, in Italian Folktales.

Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (/kælˈviːnoʊ/, also US: /kɑːlˈ-/; Italian: [ˈiːtalo kalˈviːno]; 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian novelist and short story writer. His best-known works include the Our Ancestors trilogy (1952–1959), the Cosmicomics collection of short stories (1965), and the novels Invisible Cities (1972) and If on a winter's night a traveler (1979).

Admired in Britain, Australia and the United States, Calvino was the most translated contemporary Italian writer at the time of his death. He is buried in the garden cemetery of Castiglione della Pescaia in Tuscany.
Dallara T12
The Dallara T12 or Dallara FR35-12 is a racing car developed by Italian manufacturer Dallara for use in the World Series Formula V8 3.5, a series originally formed from the World Series by Renault top category. The T12 is the third generation of car used by the World Series by Renault/WS Formula V8 3.5, and was introduced at Silverstone on August 24, 2011.

The T12 chassis featured a new, 530 bhp (400 kW) V8 engine supplied by British firm Zytek Motorsport and designated as ZRS03. The car also featured a new gearbox developed by Ricardo and a Drag Reduction System similar to the one first used in the 2011 Formula One season. As the WS Formula V8 3.5 is a spec series, the T12 is raced by every team and driver on the grid.

Ricardo PLC
Ricardo is a British firm that provides automotive parts and engineering, environmental and strategic consultancy services. Founded by Harry Ricardo, it is based at Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex.

Previously listed on the London Stock Exchange, the company was acquired by the Canadian consulting firm WSP Global in October 2025.
Moles
Moles can refer to:

Moles de Xert, a mountain range in the Baix Maestrat comarca, Valencian Community, Spain

Moles (nightclub), a live music venue in Bath, Somerset

The Moles (Australian band)

The Moles, alter ego of Scottish band Simon Dupree and the Big Sound

Simon Dupree and the Big Sound
Simon Dupree and the Big Sound were a British psychedelic band formed in 1966 by brothers Derek (vocals), Phil (vocals, saxophone, trumpet), and Ray Shulman (guitar, violin, trumpet, vocals); also known for their later prog rock band, Gentle Giant.
2024 Lithuanian Baseball League
2024 Lithuanian Baseball League was the 38th annual edition of the Lithuanian Baseball League, organised by the Lithuanian Baseball Association. Six teams from four cities participated in the championship. Kaunas Lituanica won the League after defeating defending champions BK Vilnius in the finals 3–0.

Lithuanian Baseball Association
The Lithuanian Baseball Association (Lithuanian: Lietuvos beisbolo asociacija) is the national governing body of baseball in Lithuania. The association was established in 1987 and joined the International Baseball Federation and the Confederation of European Baseball (today WBSC Europe) in 1991.

The Lithuanian Baseball Association is responsible for the national baseball team, the coed national Baseball5 team and overseeing the Lithuanian Baseball League.
Hajjiabad, Aliabad
Hajjiabad (Persian: حاجی آباد, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād) is a village in Katul Rural District, in the Central District of Aliabad County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 317, in 103 families. Down from 364 people in 2006.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Suffolk County Police Department
The Suffolk County Police Department (SCPD) provides police services to 5 of the 10 Towns in Suffolk County, New York. It is the second largest county police agency in the United States, with approximately 2500 sworn officers.

New York State Police
The New York State Police (NYSP) is the state police of the U.S. state of New York; it is part of the New York State Executive Department and employs over 5,000 sworn state troopers and 711 non-sworn members.

The New York State Police are responsible for patrolling state highways, rural communities, and providing law enforcement services across the state.
Ritualz
Juan Carlos "JC" Lobo Garcia, known professionally as Ritualz, (and recognised by the symbol †‡†) is a Mexican electronic musician based in Mexico City. The music of Ritualz is essentially a dark electronic music project, initially associated with the witch house genre and has since incorporated a darkwave and industrial-inspired sound. Ritualz's latest album, RADICAL MACABRO, was released in 2022 and marked a shift towards a heavier, more aggressive sound while retaining some sonic elements and atmosphere from his early releases. Lobo began producing music in the early 2000s. Currently he manages an independent record label called "Maligna".

Witch house
Witch house (also known as drag, screwgaze and haunted house) is a microgenre of electronic music that is musically characterized by high-pitched keyboard effects, heavily layered basslines and trap-style drum loops. Aesthetically, it employs occult- and gothic-inspired themes.
Ojkanje
Ojkanje is a tradition of polyphonic folk singing in Croatia characteristic for the regions of the Dalmatian hinterland, Velebit, Lika, Kordun, and Karlovac. As described in The Harvard Dictionary of Music: "The ojkanje is a particular style of singing melisma with a sharp and prolonged shaking of the voice on the syllables oj or hoj."

In 2010, it was inscribed as Ojkanje singing in UNESCOs List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding.

Ministry of Culture and Media (Croatia)
The Ministry of Culture and Media (Croatian: Ministarstvo kulture i medija) is a ministry of the Croatian government in charge of preserving the country's natural and cultural heritage and overseeing its development. The ministry in its present form was created in 1994 in the Cabinet of Nikica Valentić, as the culture portfolio had previously been part of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (1990–93) and the Ministry of Culture and Education (1993–94).
I Got Mexico
"I Got Mexico" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddy Raven.  It was released in January 1984 as the first single from the album I Could Use Another You.  Co-written with Frank J. Myers, the song was Raven's first No. 1 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in June 1984, and spent a total of thirteen weeks in the top 40 of the country chart.

The song became the first No. 1 produced or co-produced by Paul Worley, who had primarily been known as a session guitarist and a songwriter. Worley had previously produced hit singles for Gary Morris and The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, but he would become better known later as the producer of Martina McBride, and bands such as the Dixie Chicks, The Band Perry and Lady Antebellum.

The Band Perry
The Band Perry is an American band from Greeneville, Tennessee. The band is composed of Kimberly Perry (lead vocals, guitar) and Johnny Costello (mandolin, background vocals). Kimberly's brothers Neil and Reid were members until 2025 with the former being replaced by Costello.

They signed to Republic Nashville in August 2009 and released their self-titled debut album on October 12, 2010. From this album, "If I Die Young" reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs and Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks charts and has been certified Diamond.

Their second album, Pioneer, was released April 2, 2013. It produced additional number one singles in "Better Dig Two" and "Done", plus the top 10 hits "Don't Let Me Be Lonely" and "Chainsaw".

The band transitioned to pop in 2017 and began to release music independently in 2018 before officially going on hiatus in 2023. Following this, Kimberly returned to her country roots and launched a solo career.
Batelco
Bahrain Telecommunication Company BSC, trading as Batelco (Arabic: بتلكو), is the principal telecommunications company in Bahrain. The company's headquarters are in Hamala, Bahrain and the company is listed on the Bahrain Bourse. The Chairman of the Board is Abdulla Bin Khalifa Al Khalifa.

The company provides services for mobiles through UMTS 2100 and LTE 1800 (the GSM network was shut down on 31 December 2019) while its residential Internet is an ADSL, Wireless (4G/5G) or FTTH service. Batelco is one of Bahrain's five Internet service providers.

Bahrain Bourse
The Bahrain Bourse, also called the Bahrain Stock Exchange (BSE), is the stock exchange of Bahrain. As at 2017, 42 companies were listed on the exchange. The exchange operates from Sunday to Thursday. Three indices track the Bahrain Bourse (BHB): the Bahrain All Share Index, the Dow Jones Bahrain Index and the Estirad Index.

The BSE was established in 1987 by Amiri decree and officially commenced operations on 17 June 1989, with 29 listed companies. It operated as an autonomous institution supervised by an independent Board of Directors, chaired by the Governor of the Central Bank of Bahrain. Bahrain Bourse (BHB) was established as a shareholding company under Law No. 60 of 2010 that replaced the BSE.

The Bahrain Bourse is a member of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges.
Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth
Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth
(mid-18th century – 1818; Hebrew: חיים מרדכי מרגליות‎) was a Polish rabbi,  best known as the author of the halachic work Sha'are Teshuvah.

He studied under his uncle Sender Margolioth; and is the brother of Ephraim Solomon Margolioth.
He was at first Rabbi at Brestitzki, and later became Rabbi in Greater Dubno, where he established a printing press. 
He was among those who elected the three deputies sent to St. Petersburg to confer with the government upon Jewish affairs. 
He died at Dunajowce in 1818.

Sha'are Teshuvah (שערי תשובה, Entry to Responsa), is a commentary to the Orach Chaim section of Shulchan Aruch and is published in most editions of the Shulchan Aruch. It contains extracts from other works – functioning as a digest of material from the responsa literature – along with the author's own insights.
It was completed posthumously by his brother.

Responsa
Responsa (plural of Latin responsum, 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars in historic religious law.
Ussuri brown bear
The Ussuri brown bear (Ursus arctos lasiotus), also known as the Ezo brown bear, or the black grizzly bear, is a subspecies of the brown bear or a population of the Eurasian brown bear (U. a. arctos). The native range of the bear lies mainly in the Russian Far East, Northeast China, Hokkaido and on some islands in the Sea of Okhotsk. Its name is derived from the Ussuri river. One of the largest brown bears, a very large Ussuri brown bear may approach the Kodiak bear in size. It is related to the North American grizzly bear.

Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north. Its northeast corner is the Shelikhov Gulf. The sea is named for the port of Okhotsk, itself named for the Okhota River.
Hamiter
Hamiter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Hamiter (1867–1933), American politician

Joe Busbey Hamiter (1899–1986), Justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court

Uhuru Hamiter (born 1973), American football player

Allen Hamiter
Allen H. Hamiter (November 27, 1867 – February 9, 1933) was an American politician. He was a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, serving from 1905 to 1909. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
EchoStar VIII
EchoStar VIII was an American geostationary communications satellite which is operated by EchoStar. It is positioned in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 110° West, from where it is used to provide high-definition television direct broadcasting services to the Contiguous United States.

EchoStar VIII was built by Space Systems/Loral, and is based on the LS-1300 satellite bus. It is equipped with 32 Ku band transponders, and at launch it had a mass of 4,660 kilograms (10,270 lb), with an expected operational lifespan of around 12 years. The launch occurred from Baikonur Cosmodrome on 22 August 2002.

The satellite experienced an anomaly on April 16, 2017, and was moved to the graveyard orbit.

Lanteris Space Systems
Lanteris Space Systems (formerly Space Systems/Loral, SS/L, SSL and, most recently, Maxar Space Systems) is an American manufacturer of satellites and space systems. It designs and builds satellites and space systems for a wide variety of government and commercial customers.

Its products include high-powered direct-to-home broadcast satellites, commercial weather satellites, digital audio radio satellites, Earth observation satellites and spot-beam satellites for data networking applications.

Based in Palo Alto, California, its major competitors are Boeing Satellite Systems, Lockheed Martin, Thales Alenia Space, Airbus Defence and Space and JSC Information Satellite Systems.
Grand Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Grand Bay (47°35′35″N 59°10′29″W﻿ / ﻿47.59306°N 59.17472°W﻿ / 47.59306; -59.17472 NST) is a bay to the west of Channel-Port aux Basques, Newfoundland, Canada. Two communities line the bay, on the east is Grand Bay East and on the west is Grand Bay West.

Grand Bay first appeared on Captain James Cook's 1766 chart of the south coast of Newfoundland. It was the landing place for Micmac and French groups who crossed the Cabot Strait in the early 18th century in contravention of the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht (1713).

Kettle and Lomond were common surnames among the settlers in the Grand Bay area; among them is Wilson Kettle, who was entered in the Guinness World Records as having the largest number of living descendants.

Newfoundland Time Zone
The Newfoundland Time Zone (NT) is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting 3.5 hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) during standard time, resulting in UTC−03:30; or subtracting 2.5 hours during daylight saving time. The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time of the meridian 52 degrees and 30 arcminutes west of the Greenwich Observatory. It is observed solely in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The Newfoundland Time Zone is the only active time zone with a half-hour offset from UTC in the Americas.
TechnipFMC
TechnipFMC plc is a French-American, UK-domiciled global oil and gas company that provides services for the energy industry. The company was formed by the merger of FMC Technologies of the United States and Technip of France that was announced in 2016 and completed in 2017.

TechnipFMC acts in three distinct segments: subsea, offshore, and surface projects. These projects include offshore oil and gas exploration and extraction platforms/rigs. The company is legally domiciled in the UK, and has major operations in Houston and Paris where its predecessor companies were headquartered. It has about 23,000 employees from 126 nationalities and operates in 48 countries. TechnipFMC stock is listed on the NYSE, and is a component of the Russell 1000 Index and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index.

Subsea technology
Subsea technology involves fully submerged ocean equipment, operations, or applications, especially when some distance offshore, in deep ocean waters, or on the seabed. The term subsea is frequently used in connection with oceanography, marine or ocean engineering, ocean exploration, remotely operated vehicle (ROVs) autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), submarine communications or power cables, underwater habitats, seafloor mineral mining,  oil and gas, and offshore wind power.
Marsland, Nebraska
Marsland is an unincorporated community in southwestern Dawes County, Nebraska, United States.  It lies on the Niobrara River along Nebraska Highways 2 and 71, 18 miles south of Crawford, and southwest of the city of Chadron, the county seat of Dawes County.  Its elevation is 4,160 feet (1,298 m),  and its ZIP code is 69354.

Chadron, Nebraska
Chadron (/ˈʃædrən/ SHAD-rən) is a city in and the county seat of Dawes County, Nebraska, United States, in the Great Plains region. The population was 5,206 at the 2020 census.

The city is home to an 11-story high-rise on the campus of Chadron State College, with the building being the tallest in the Nebraska Panhandle.
Yortan culture
The Yortan culture is an archaeological culture that existed during the transitional period between the Chalcolithic Age and the early Bronze Age (approximately 2700–2300 BCE). It was located in the Western Anatolia region of Turkey, particularly between the provinces of Balıkesir and Manisa. The culture is named after the Yortan Cemetery, located near the village of Yortan (now Bostancı) in the Kırkağaç district of Manisa, where excavations were conducted in the early 1900s by Paul Gaudin and Victor Chapot. Known for its distinctive ceramic types and pithos burial traditions, the Yortan Culture has been recognized in the fields of archaeology, excavation, and museology since the early 20th century.

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.
Conforti
Conforti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Federico Conforti (born 1992), retired Italian rugby union player

Gerardo Conforti (1903–1982), Italian equestrian.

Gino Conforti (born 1932), American actor

Giovanni Battista Conforti (fl. 1550–1570), Italian composer

Giovanni Luca Conforti or Conforto (1560–1608), Italian composer and prominent falsetto singer

Guido Maria Conforti, Italian archbishop, canonized 2011 (see Archdiocese of Ravenna)

Mattea Conforti (born 2006), American actress

Michael Conforti,  American television writer

Pierluigi Conforti (born 1946), Italian motorcycle road racer

Visitación Conforti (born 1953), Argentine biologist

Mattea Conforti
Mattea Marie Conforti (born May 22, 2006) is an American actress. She made her debut as a replacement for the titular character in Matilda the Musical in 2015. In the same year, Conforti made her film debut playing a minor role in 3 Generations. On Broadway, she originated the role of Young Anna in Frozen and played Louise in the 2017 revival of Sunday in the Park with George. Conforti has starred in films and television shows such as Power, NOS4A2, The Super and Viper Club. Additionally, she voiced Young Elsa in Frozen 2 and the titular character of Moon in The Ollie & Moon Show.
Amber House Trilogy
The Amber House Trilogy is a series of young adult books by American author Kelly Moore and her daughters Tucker Reed and Larkin Reed. The first book in the series, Amber House, was published on October 1, 2012, through Arthur A. Levine Books.  Amber House has been licensed in South America and Europe.  It was a featured title in the 2012 Scholastic Book Fair.  Its sequel, Neverwas, was released on January 7, 2014. Official publication dates for a third installment in the series, Ever Shall, and a fourth and final installment, Otherwhen, have not been announced as of early 2025.

Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.