hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regiment Groot Karoo
Regiment Groot Karoo was an infantry battalion of the South African Army. As a reserve force unit, it had a status roughly equivalent to that of a British Army Reserve or United States Army National Guard unit.

Army National Guard
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is an organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army. It is simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Militia of the United States (consisting of the ARNG of each state, most territories, and Washington D.C.), as well as the federal ARNG, as part of the National Guard as a whole (which includes the Air National Guard). It is divided into subordinate units stationed in each state or insular area, responsible to their respective governors or other head-of-government.

The Guard's origins are usually traced to the city of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1636. That year a regiment of militia drilled for the first time to defend a multi-community area within what is now the United States.
Thai Thangai Paasam
Thai Thangai Paasam (transl. Mother, Sister Affection) is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language drama film written, directed and produced by T. Rajendar. He appeared in the lead role alongside Sithara. The film was released on 24 April 1995, received negative reviews from critics, and became a modest success.

T. Rajendar
Vijay Thesingu Rajendar, also known as T. R., is an Indian actor, film director, film producer, musician, cinematographer, film distributor and politician who works primarily in the Tamil film industry. Rajendar is known for being able to speak in rhyming sentences spontaneously and incessant rapping.

Since 2018, he has been focusing primarily on singing film songs.
38th Division (Yugoslav Partisans)
The 38th East Bosnia Division (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Tridesetosma istočnobosanska divizija) was a Yugoslav Partisan division that fought against the Germans, Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and Chetniks in occupied Democratic Federal Yugoslavia during World War II. As part of the Partisan 3rd Corps it spent the latter half of 1944 engaged in hard fighting against the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian) in eastern Bosnia.

Bosnia (region)
Bosnia (Serbo-Croatian: Bosna / Босна, pronounced [bɔ̂sna]) is the northern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, encompassing roughly 81% of the country; the other region, the southern part, is Herzegovina.

The two regions have formed a geopolitical entity since medieval times, and the name "Bosnia" commonly occurs in historical and geopolitical senses as generally referring to both regions (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The official use of the combined name started only in the late period of Ottoman rule.
San Luis National Wildlife Refuge Complex
The San Luis National Wildlife Refuge Complex is located in the northern San Joaquin Valley, within Merced County and Stanislaus County of California.  The complex, with four federal National Wildlife Refuges, is managed by the U.S Fish & Wildlife Service.

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Patrickswell GAA
Patrickswell GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Patrickswell, County Limerick, Ireland. The club is primarily concerned with the game of hurling, but has also fielded teams in Gaelic football.

2022 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 2022 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) was the 135th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament, since its establishment in 1887. The provincial fixtures were released on 27 November 2021. The competition began on 16 April 2022 and concluded on 17 July 2022.

Limerick entered the competition as defending champion, having won the two previous editions.

Westmeath, having won the 2021 Joe McDonagh Cup, returned to the Leinster SHC for the first time since the 2017 competition.

The final was played on 17 July 2022 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Limerick and Kilkenny. Defending champion Limerick won the game by 1–31 to 2–26, claiming a first three-in-a-row, as well as a fourth title in five years.

Declan Hannon of Limerick became the first captain to lift the Liam MacCarthy Cup four times.
De Maten
De Maten (Dutch: [də ˈmaːtə(n)]; Gronings: De Moaten [də ˈmʊːʔn̩]) is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Westerwolde, and lies about 14 km northeast of Emmen.

It was first mentioned between 1851 and 1855 as de Maten, and means "hay land". De Maten is considered part of Ter Apel, but has place name signs. It was home to 317 people in 1840. Most of the hamlet used to be located in the municipality of Emmen. In 1976, it was moved to Ter Apel.

Gronings dialect
The Gronings (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋs] ⓘ) (or Groninger) dialects or language, known in Gronings itself as Grunnegs or Grönnegs, are some of the Low Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Frisia have a strong East Frisian influence and take a remarkable position within West Low German. Its typical accent and vocabulary differ strongly from the other Low Saxon dialects.
Netzahualcóyotl de la Vega
Netzahualcóyotl de la Vega García (18 January 1931 – 6 September 2004) was a Mexican trade union leader and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He served in the Senate during the 54th and 55th sessions of Congress (1988–1994) representing Guerrero, and he was re-elected to the Senate for the 58th and 59th sessions (2000–2006) as a plurinominal senator.

He also served twice in the Chamber of Deputies: during the 52nd Congress (1982–1985), for the Federal District's 34th district,  
and during the 56th Congress (1994–1997), for Guerrero's third district. He was the President of the Chamber of Deputies in 1984 and 1997.

He died in office during his second Senate term.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Attention to Detail (album)
Attention to Detail is the second solo studio album by Nigerian singer Kcee. It was released on 24 August 2017 by Five Star Music and features guest appearances from Falz, 2Baba, Tekno, Flavour, Olamide, Patoranking, Phyno, Shatta Wale, and Sauti Sol. Its production was mainly handled by Mystro, along with additional production from Blaq Jerzee, Dr Amir, and Krizbeatz. The album serves as a follow-up to Kcee's debut, Take Over (2013).

Flavour (musician)
Chinedu Okoli (listenⓘ; born 23 November 1983), better known by his stage name Flavour N'abania or simply Flavour, is a Nigerian singer and songwriter. He began his musical career as a drummer for a local church. His popular releases include "Nwa Baby (Ashawo Remix)", "Ada Ada" and "Time to Party." He is currently signed to 2nite Entertainment.

In 2008, he released his self-titled debut album N'abania. In 2010, Flavour released his second studio album, Uplifted. It was supported by the singles "Nwa Baby (Ashawo Remix)", "Adamma", and "Oyi Remix". The album's success made Flavour one of Africa's most sought out artists. He was booked to perform at numerous concerts and social events following Uplifted's release.
Elena Milovanović
Elena Milovanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Елена Миловановић; born 31 January 2001) is a Serbian tennis player.

Milovanović has career-high WTA rankings of No. 487 in singles, set on 8 April 2024, and No. 409 in doubles, achieved on 10 June 2024. Up to date, she has won 12 titles in doubles and two titles in singles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Milovanović was born in Kraljevo, started playing tennis at the age of eight and resides in Čačak.

She won Serbian national team championships with TC Novak for three years in a row, from 2020 to 2022.

Milovanović also has represented Serbia in the Billie Jean King Cup, where she has a win-loss record of 1–4.

Kraljevo
Kraljevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Краљево, pronounced [krǎːʎɛʋɔ] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Raška District in central Serbia. It is situated on the confluence of West Morava and Ibar, in the geographical region of Šumadija, between the mountains of Kotlenik in the north, and Stolovi in the south.

In 2022, the city urban area has a population of 57,432 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 110,196 inhabitants. With an area of 1530 km2, it is the largest municipality (after Belgrade) in Serbia by area.
Hélène Duc
Marcelle Duc (22 March 1917 – 23 November 2014), known professionally as Hélène Duc, was a French actress. She appeared in Edward and Caroline (1951), Je sais rien, mais je dirai tout (1973), and Tanguy (2001).

Duc played the role of Mahaut, Countess of Artois in the 1972 miniseries Les Rois maudits, and later played Marguerite de Bouville in the 2005 adaptation of the same novels.

In 1983, she performed at the Théâtre de la Gaîté-Montparnasse in a production of Chienne Dactylographe. She was named an officer of the Legion of Honour and Righteous Among the Nations in 2005.

Duc was married to René Catroux, with whom she had two daughters.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
ZickZack
ZickZack Schallplatten is a German record label based in Hamburg. Founded by former "Sounds" magazine journalist Alfred Hilsberg in 1980, it mainly distinguished itself by releasing acts from the underground side of Neue Deutsche Welle, a term coined by Hilsberg in his Sounds article "Neue Deutsche Welle - Aus grauer Städte Mauern".

Since then, the label has become a platform for many German independent bands. For example, they promoted Blumfeld and other influential bands of the Hamburger Schule during the early 1990s.

Other notable bands on this label include Abwärts, Xmal Deutschland, Einstürzende Neubauten, Die Krupps, Palais Schaumburg, F.S.K and Die Tödliche Doris.

Die Krupps
Die Krupps (German pronunciation: [diː ˈkʁʊps]) ("The Krupps") is a German industrial metal/EBM band, formed in 1980 by Jürgen Engler, Ralf Dörper, and Bernward Malaka in Düsseldorf.

The band has had a diverse range of musical influences over time, including the percussive industrial Stahlwerksynfonie (1981) then to a more synth-pop styled Volle Kraft voraus! (1982) and Entering the Arena (1985), with the latter album featuring their first English-language material. The band later established itself as an industrial metal band, releasing four albums predominantly in this genre, from 1992 to 1997 with each labelled 1 to 4. The band has released additional albums since 1997, including the predominantly electro-industrial Als wären wir für immer (2010) and The Machinists of Joy (2013), before revisiting the metal sound they had pursued in the 90s with V – Metal Machine Music.
Shandelle Henson
Shandelle Marie Henson (born 1964) is an American mathematician and mathematical biologist known for her work in population dynamics. She is a professor of mathematics and ecology at Andrews University in Berrien Springs, Michigan, and the editor-in-chief of the journal Natural Resource Modeling.

Population dynamics
Population dynamics is the type of mathematics used to model and study the size and age composition of populations as dynamical systems. Population dynamics is a branch of mathematical biology, and uses mathematical techniques such as differential equations to model behaviour. Population dynamics is also closely related to other mathematical biology fields such as epidemiology, and also uses techniques from evolutionary game theory in its modelling.
Rocky Ridge, Calgary
Rocky Ridge is a residential neighbourhood in the northwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is located at the western edge of the city, and is bounded to the north by Country Hills Boulevard, to the east by Rocky Ridge Road, to the south by Crowchild Trail and to the west by Twelve Mile Coulee Road.

The land was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1989 (from the Municipal District of Rocky View), and Rocky Ridge was established in 1998. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 1 councillor.

Rocky Ridge is situated at 1,265 meters (4,150 ft), and with elevation reaching 1,275 meters (4,183 ft).

Rocky View County
Rocky View County is a municipal district in southern Alberta, Canada that is named for its views of the nearby Rocky Mountains to the west. It surrounds most of Calgary, forming the city's northern boundary and most of the city's western and eastern boundaries.  At a population of 41,028 in 2021, Rocky View County is the most populous municipal district in Alberta. Though predominantly rural in nature, Rocky View County is home to 14 hamlets, including Langdon, one of Alberta's most populous hamlets. Its rural areas are home to numerous country residential subdivisions.
Dewi Morgan
Dewi Morgan (1877 – 1 April 1971), also known by his bardic name "Dewi Teifi", was a Welsh bard, scholar and journalist, who won the Chair at the 1925 National Eisteddfod of Wales in Pwllheli with his important awdl recounting the legend of Cantre'r Gwaelod.

National Eisteddfod of Wales
The National Eisteddfod of Wales (Welsh: Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Cymru ⓘ) is the largest of several eisteddfodau that are held annually, mostly in Wales. Its eight days of competitions and performances are considered the largest music and poetry festival in Europe. Competitors typically number 6,000 or more, and overall attendance generally exceeds 100,000 visitors, the highest recently being 186,000 attending the 2024 festival in Pontypridd.  The 2018 Eisteddfod was held in Cardiff Bay with a fence-free 'Maes'. In 2020, the event was held virtually under the name AmGen; events were held over a one-week period.
Kathy Kelly
Kathy Kelly (born 1952) is an American peace activist, pacifist and author, one of the founding members of Voices in the Wilderness, and, until the campaign closed in 2020, a co-coordinator of Voices for Creative Nonviolence. As part of peace team work in several countries, she has traveled to Iraq twenty-six times, notably remaining in combat zones during the early days of both US–Iraq wars.

From 2009 to 2019, her activism and writing focused on Afghanistan, Yemen, and Gaza, along with domestic protests against US drone policy. She has been arrested more than sixty times at home and abroad, and written of her experiences among targets of US military bombardment and inmates of US prisons.

US Peace Memorial Foundation
The US Peace Memorial Foundation is a Florida nonprofit corporation and 501(c)(3) public charity. The foundation is based in Palm Harbor, Florida. It publishes the US Peace Registry, annually awards the US Peace Prize, and fundraises to build a memorial in Washington, DC. The foundation's mission is to create a culture of peace by inspiring Americans to speak out against war and militarism and work for peace.
Cantellated 120-cell
In four-dimensional geometry, a cantellated 120-cell is a convex uniform 4-polytope, being a cantellation (a 2nd order truncation) of the regular 120-cell.

There are four degrees of cantellations of the 120-cell including with permutations truncations. Two are expressed relative to the dual 600-cell.

Face (geometry)
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object. For example, a cube has six faces in this sense.

In more modern treatments of the geometry of polyhedra and higher-dimensional polytopes, a "face" is defined in such a way that it may have any dimension. The vertices, edges, and (2-dimensional) faces of a polyhedron are all faces in this more general sense.
March 1679 English general election
The March 1679 English general election resulted in the Habeas Corpus Parliament, named after the Habeas Corpus Act, which it enacted in May, 1679 to define and strengthen the ancient prerogative writ benefitting all subjects. It was dissolved while in recess on 12 July 1679.

On the current issue of excluding the King's younger brother from the succession to the throne, 218 members were in favour of the Exclusion Bill, while 137 were opposed. However, 167 members did not attend the parliament at all, so their view about Exclusion is unknown.

Exclusion Crisis
The Exclusion Crisis ran from 1679 until 1681 in the reign of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland. Three Exclusion Bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was a Roman Catholic. None became law. Two new parties formed. The Tories were opposed to this exclusion, while the "Country Party", who were soon to be called the Whigs, supported it. While the matter of James's exclusion was not decided in Parliament during Charles's reign, it would come to a head only three years after James took the throne, when he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Finally, the Act of Settlement 1701 decided definitively that Roman Catholics were to be excluded from the English, Scottish, and Irish thrones, later the British throne.
1953–54 Lancashire Cup
The 1953–54 Lancashire Cup was the forty-first occasion on which the RFL Lancashire Cup competition was held.

St. Helens won the trophy by beating Wigan by the score of 16–8.

The match was played at Station Road, Pendlebury, (historically in the county of Lancashire). The attendance was 42,793 and receipts were £6,918.

The attendance was again a record, albeit only beating the previous record by about 250.

Sport in general was now at its height of popularity, brought about by the ending of the Second World War, the new peace, the new affluence and more free time. Rugby League was no exception and this particular attendance record would never be broken.

Pendlebury
Pendlebury is a town in the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 Census was 13,069. It lies 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Manchester, 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Salford and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Bolton.

Historically in Lancashire, Pendlebury, together with the neighbouring settlements of Swinton and Clifton, formed the municipal borough of Swinton and Pendlebury. Pendlebury saw extensive coal extraction from several collieries until the closure of Agecroft Colliery in the 1990s.
Independence Centenary International Exposition
The Independence Centenary International Exposition (Portuguese: Exposição Internacional do Centenário da Independência) was a World Expo held in Rio de Janeiro from September 7, 1922 to March 23, 1923, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Brazil's Independence. The expo happened during the Epitácio Pessoa Administration and was regarded as an opportunity to show off Brazil's growing industries and commercial opportunities. The Expo's pavilions were constructed alongside the Rio Branco Avenue and built just for the occasion.

A total of 14 countries from 3 continents took part in this edition of the Expo.

Over 3,000,000 people attended the event.

Epitácio Pessoa
Epitácio Lindolfo da Silva Pessoa (Portuguese pronunciation: [epiˈtasju lĩˈdowfu da ˈsiwvɐ peˈso(w)ɐ]; 23 May 1865 – 13 February 1942) was a Brazilian politician and jurist who served as the 11th president of Brazil between 1919 and 1922, when Rodrigues Alves was unable to take office due to illness, after being elected in 1918.  His government was marked by the beginning of the tenentist movement that would culminate in the Revolution of 1930, which brought Getúlio Vargas to power.

In addition to his term as president, Pessoa served as Minister of Justice, justice in the Supreme Federal Court, Attorney General, a two-term Federal Deputy, a three-term Senator, Chief of the Brazilian delegation for the Treaty of Versailles, and a judge on the Permanent Court of International Justice.

In 1921, President Epitácio Pessoa, concerned about causing a geopolitical faux pas, is known for having banned any non-white players from Brazil national football team.
Daqing Oil Field
The Daqing Oil Field (Chinese: 大庆油田, formerly romanized as Taching) is the largest oil field in the People's Republic of China, located between the Songhua river and Nen River in Heilongjiang province. When the Chinese government began to use pinyin for romanization, the field's name became known as Daqing.

It is the largest oil deposit discovered in China and its ability to support China's industrialization changed the country's developmental path.: 26  Daqing oil field contained 16 billion barrels (2.5×10^9 m3) or 2.2 billion tons in the beginning and has produced over 10 billion barrels (1.6×10^9 m3) of oil since production started in 1960; the remaining recoverable reserves are about 3.6 billion barrels (570×10^6 m3) or 500 million tons.

Songhua River
The Songhua or Sunghwa River (also Haixi or Xingal, Russian: Сунгари, romanized: Sungari) is one of the primary rivers of China, and the longest tributary of the Amur. It flows about 1,897 km (1,179 mi) from Changbai Mountains on the China–North Korea border through China's northeastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

The river drains 557,180 km2 (215,130 sq mi) of land, and has an annual discharge of 76.2 km3/a (2,410 m3/s) to 81.77 km3/a (2,591 m3/s).

The extreme flatness of the Northeast China Plain has caused the river to meander over time, filling the wide plain with oxbow lakes, as remnants of the previous paths of the river.
Zhu Gui
Zhu Gui is the name of:

Zhu Gui (prince) (1374–1446), Ming dynasty prince

Zhu Gui (printmaker) (c. 1644–1717), Qing dynasty woodcarver

Zhu Gui (Water Margin), fictional Song dynasty hero from the novel Water Margin

Zhu Gui (prince)
Zhu Gui (Chinese: 朱桂; 25 August 1374 – 29 December 1446), initially known by his title as Prince of Yu (豫王), later changed to Prince of Dai (代王), was an imperial prince of the Chinese Ming dynasty. He was the 13th son of the Hongwu Emperor with his concubine,  Consort Hui.
Glorious (Andreas Johnson song)
"Glorious" is a song by Swedish singer-songwriter Andreas Johnson, released as a single in April 1999 on the WEA label. It is from Johnson's second album, Liebling (1999). In early 2000, the song peaked within the top 10 of the charts in Italy and the United Kingdom.

"Glorious" was used as the main theme for Sky Sports Premier League shows Ford Super Sunday and Ford Football Special from August 2000 to May 2001. The song was later used on television advertisements for Vauxhall, Volvo, and in 2004, for Nutella, thus allowing the song to re-enter the French Singles Chart at a peak of number 16.

Nutella
Nutella (UK: /nʌˈtɛlə/ nuh-TEL-ə, US: /nuːˈtɛlə/ ⓘ noo-TEL-ə, Italian: [nuˈtɛlla]; stylized in all lowercase) is a brand of sweetened hazelnut cocoa spread. Nutella is manufactured by the Italian company Ferrero and was introduced in 1964, although its first iteration dates to 1963.