hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara
The Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦਰਬਾਰ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ  (Gurmukhi)) is a Sikh Gurdwara situated in the town of Gravesend, Kent. It is the largest Gurdwara in Europe and also one of the largest outside India.

The complex has 3 prayer rooms and 2 langar halls. There is a building used for Punjabi lessons nearby, called Punjabi School, and as a day centre for the elderly community. There is also a sports hall hosting activities including boxing, basketball and karate. The grounds are used for outdoor sports including football and are where the Gravesend Guru Nanak Football Club plays. The architect was Teja Biring.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Dennis Eveland
Dennis Eveland (born July 3, 1952) is an American guitarist, electronic musician, bassist, composer, and engineer. He started performing at the age of 12. His first band, The Berlin Airlift, opened for Ted Nugent and the Amboy Dukes, Parliament and Funkadelic, and the Red, White & Blues Band.

The Amboy Dukes (band)
The Amboy Dukes were an American rock band formed in 1964 in Chicago, Illinois, and later based in Detroit, Michigan. They are best known for their only hit single, "Journey to the Center of the Mind". The band's name comes from the title of a novel by Irving Shulman. In the UK, the group's records were released under the name of the American Amboy Dukes, because of the existence of a British group with the same name.  The band went through a number of personnel changes during its active years, the only constant being lead guitarist and songwriter Ted Nugent. The band transitioned to being Nugent's backing band before he discontinued the name in 1975.
Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus
Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) or okra yellow vein mosaic (OYVMV) is a viral disease caused by monopartite Begomovirus affecting okra plants. It was first found in 1924 in Bombay, India, and Sri Lanka. It is the major limitation of the production of okra. This disease is transmitted by whitefly.

Whitefly
Whiteflies are hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They are classified in the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea. More than 1550 whitefly species have been described.
Bolsonaro (surname)
Bolsonaro is a surname originating from the northeastern Italian region of Veneto, where it is spelt Bolzonaro. The phonetic spelling of Bolsonaro is used by the branch of the family that migrated to Brazil in the late 19th century.

Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Bolsonaro (born 1982), Brazilian politician, Jair Bolsonaro's son,

Eduardo Bolsonaro (born 1984), Brazilian lawyer, federal police officer and politician; Jair Bolsonaro's son

Flávio Bolsonaro (born 1981), Brazilian lawyer, entrepreneur and politician; Jair Bolsonaro's son

Jair Bolsonaro (born 1955), 38th President of Brazil

Michelle Bolsonaro (born 1982), former First Lady of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro's wife

Valéria Bolsonaro (born 1969), Brazilian politician

Valéria Bolsonaro
Valeria Muller Ramos Bolsonaro (née Muller Ramos; born in Santos on September 16, 1969) is a biologist, teacher and Brazilian deputy at the state of São Paulo. She is affiliated to Partido Liberal. She was elected in 2018.
She is an ally of Conservative president Jair Bolsonaro. She married his second cousin, leading her to adopt the surname.
Francisco Herrera León
Francisco Herrera León (born 16 September 1966) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Tabasco's 1st district during the 59th session of Congress.

He was elected to the Senate  in the 2006 general election, where he represented the state of Tabasco during the 60th and 61st congressional sessions.

Senate of the Republic (Mexico)
The Senate of the Republic (Spanish: Senado de la República), constitutionally the Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores del H. Congreso de la Unión), is the upper house of Mexico's bicameral Congress. It currently consists of 128 members, who serve six-year terms.
Hy Gotkin
Hyman "Hy" Gotkin (August 16, 1922 – April 11, 2004) was an American professional basketball player who played the guard position. He was Jewish, and attended Thomas Jefferson High School in Brooklyn.  He played basketball for St. John's University from 1942–44, as they won the National Invitational Tournament (NIT) championships in 1943 and 1944. He had a four-year professional career, playing in the American Basketball League.

Gotkin died in 2004 at the age of 81. He is a member of the New York City Basketball Hall of Fame and the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame

NYC Basketball Hall of Fame
The New York City Basketball Hall of Fame celebrates over 120 years of basketball history in the city and recognizes and honors the best basketball players, coaches, referees, promoters and contributors in the history of the sport in New York.

Candidates for the hall are nominated for the honor by the public and chosen annually by a select committee consisting of Hall of Famers, media personalities, former players and coaches.

The governing body of the hall was most recently appointed by their peers in July 2025 for a two-year term.
Ngala language
Ngala may be:

Lingala language, a Bantu trade language

Bangala language, another Bantu trade language, close to Lingala

Ngala language (Chadic), a Kotoko language

Ngala language (Sepik), an Ndu language

Ngala language (Zande), described by Santandrea

the Ngala dialect of Khumi Chin

Nga La language

Lingala
Lingala (or Ngala, Lingala: Lingála) is a Bantu language spoken in the northwest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the northern half of the Republic of the Congo, in their capitals, Kinshasa and Brazzaville, and to a lesser degree as a trade language because of emigration in neighbouring Angola or Central African Republic. Lingala has 20 million native speakers and about another 20 million second-language speakers, for an approximate total of 40 million speakers. A significant portion of both Congolese diasporas speaks Lingala in their countries of immigration like Belgium, France or the United States.
Pierre Avoi
The Pierre Avoi is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, overlooking Saxon in the canton of Valais. It is located on the chain between the main Rhone valley and the valley of Bagnes.

The closest locality is Verbier, from where several trails lead to the summit of Pierre Avoi.

Bagnes
Bagnes (French pronunciation: [baɲ] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021 the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes.

With an area of 282 km2 (108.88 sq mi), Bagnes used to be the largest municipality of Switzerland until the formation of Glarus Süd in 2011.
Kishunpur Assembly constituency
Kishunpur Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in Supaul district in the Indian state of Bihar.

As a consequence of the orders of the Delimitation Commission of India, Kishunpur Assembly constituency ceased to exist in 2010.

Supaul district
25°55′48″N 86°15′00″E﻿ / ﻿25.9300°N 86.2500°E﻿ / 25.9300; 86.2500

Supaul district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India. The town Supaul is the district's administrative headquarters. The district, which was split from the former Saharsa district on 14 March 1991, occupies 2,410 km2 (931 sq mi).
Kanji Dol
Kanji Dol (pronounced [ˈkaːnji ˈdoːu̯]; German: Kanidol) is a dispersed settlement in the hills south of Črni Vrh in the Municipality of Idrija in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. The settlement no longer had any permanent residents according to the 2002 census, but it has been repopulated in recent years.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Edvard Kovač
Fr. Edvard Kovač (born 1950) is a Slovenian theologian, philosopher and author. He is a member of the Order of Friars Minor and professor at the University of Ljubljana Theological Faculty and the Catholic University of Toulouse.

Kovač is author of numerous published works and has twice been awarded the French Ordre du Mérite. In 2000 he received the Rožanc Award (the most prestigious Slovenian award for essayism) for his collection of essays Oddaljena bližina (The Distant Proximity).

His thought has been influenced by the Jewish theologians Emmanuel Levinas and Martin Buber, the Christian existentialism of Gabriel Marcel and by the French Nouvelle Théologie.

Gabriel Marcel
Gabriel Honoré Marcel (7 December 1889 – 8 October 1973) was a French philosopher, playwright, music critic and leading Christian existentialist. The author of over a dozen books and at least thirty plays, Marcel's work focused on the modern individual's struggle in a technologically dehumanizing society. Though often regarded as the first French existentialist, he dissociated himself from figures such as Jean-Paul Sartre, preferring the term philosophy of existence or neo-Socrateanism to define his own thought. The Mystery of Being is a well-known two-volume work authored by Marcel.
Bridge near Limyra
The Bridge near Limyra (in Turkish: Kırkgöz Kemeri, "Bridge of the Forty Arches") is a late Roman bridge in Lycia, in modern south-west Turkey, and one of the oldest segmented arch bridges in the world. Located near the ancient city of Limyra, it is the largest civil engineering structure of antiquity in the region, spanning the Alakır Çayı river over a length of 360 m (1,181.1 ft) on 26 segmental arches. These arches, with a span-to-rise ratio of 5.3:1, give the bridge an unusually flat profile, and were unsurpassed as an architectural achievement until the late Middle Ages. Today, the structure is largely buried by river sediments and surrounded by greenhouses. Despite its unique features, the bridge remains relatively unknown, and only in the 1970s did researchers from the Istanbul branch of the German Archaeological Institute carry out field examinations on the site.

Field research
Field research, field studies, or fieldwork is the collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting. The approaches and methods used in field research vary across disciplines. For example, biologists who conduct field research may simply observe animals interacting with their environments, whereas social scientists conducting field research may interview or observe people in their natural environments to learn their languages, folklore, and social structures.

Field research involves a range of well-defined, although variable, methods: informal interviews, direct observation, participation in the life of the group, collective discussions, analyses of personal documents produced within the group, self-analysis, results from activities undertaken off- or on-line, and life-histories. Although the method generally is characterized as qualitative research, it may (and often does) include quantitative dimensions.
Saint Regulus
Saint Regulus or Saint Rule (Old Irish: Riagal) was a legendary 4th century monk or bishop of Patras, Greece who in AD 345 is said to have fled to Scotland with the bones of Saint Andrew, and deposited them at St Andrews. His feast day in the Aberdeen Breviary is 17 October.

Breviary
A breviary (Latin: breviarium) is a liturgical book used in Christianity for praying the canonical hours, usually recited at seven fixed prayer times.

Historically, different breviaries were used in the various parts of Christendom, such as the Aberdeen Breviary,, although eventually the Roman Breviary became the standard within the Roman Catholic Church (though it was later supplanted with the Liturgy of the Hours); in other Christian denominations such as the Lutheran Churches, different breviaries continue to be used, such as The Brotherhood Prayer Book.

During the Middle Ages, breviaries were sometimes artistically decorated. Exceptional examples include the Belleville Breviary, Mayer van den Bergh Breviary, Isabella Breviary, Stowe Breviary, and the Breviary of Marie of Savoy.
2024 Bangladesh Challenge Cup
The 2024 Bangladesh Challenge Cup also known as Bangladesh 2.0 Challenge Cup was the inaugural edition of the Bangladesh Challenge Cup. It is an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bangladesh Premier League and Federation Cup competitions. Bashundhara Kings won both league and cup as a result Federation Cup runners up Mohammedan SC are the opposition. The match of the cup was played on 22 November 2024.

Bashundhara Kings is the current edition champions of the cup who beat Mohammedan SC by 3–1 goals on 22 November 2024.

Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The Federation Cup, also known as the Bangladesh Federation Cup, is Bangladesh's premier cup competition in men's association football. The competition started in 1980 and is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation which is responsible for all types of competitive matches in the country. The teams from the country's premier league and other permitted clubs compete in the tournament while occasionally Indian sides were invited in the past. Usually games are played in the neutral venues.
Switzerland at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Switzerland competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.

Alpine skier Wendy Holdener and hockey player Andres Ambühl were selected as the Swiss flagbearers during the opening ceremony Meanwhile, freestyle skier Ryan Regez was the flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

Ryan Regez
Ryan Regez (born 30 January 1993) is a Swiss freestyle skier who specializes in the ski cross discipline. He represents Switzerland at the Winter Olympic Games, and he earned a gold medal in the 2022 edition.
Photosymbiosis
Photosymbiosis is a type of symbiosis where one of the organisms is capable of photosynthesis.

Examples of photosymbiotic relationships include those in lichens, plankton, ciliates, and many marine organisms including corals, fire corals, giant clams, and jellyfish.

Photosymbiosis is important in the development, maintenance, and evolution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, for example in biological soil crusts, soil formation, supporting highly diverse microbial populations in soil and water, and coral reef growth and maintenance.

When one organism lives within another symbiotically it's called endosymbiosis.  Photosymbiotic relationships where microalgae and/or cyanobacteria live within a heterotrophic host organism, are believed to have led to eukaryotes acquiring photosynthesis and to the evolution of plants.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
Sebastian Miniatures
Sebastian Miniatures are a series of small ceramic sculptures or figurines first produced by Prescott Woodbury Baston Sr. (died 1984) in Arlington, Massachusetts in 1938.

His work includes historical figures such as George Washington, classic literary characters, and scenes of life, particularly in New England, United States, where Mr Baston created his pieces. Baston also created pieces specifically for businesses, such as in store promotions for products such as Jell-o. Baston continued to create pieces until his death in 1984. He made a self portrait. The Marblehead Historical Commission has a collection of his works.

Glenn S. Johnson published a collector's guide in 1980. Baston had a son and grandson named after him. His son took over the figurines business and it merged with Lance Corporation of Hudson, Massachusetts.

Jell-O
Jell-O (stylized in all caps) is an American brand offering a variety of powdered gelatin dessert (fruit-flavored gels/jellies), pudding, and no-bake  cream pie mixes. The original gelatin dessert (genericized as jello) is the signature of the brand. "Jell-O" is a registered trademark of Kraft Heinz, and is based in Chicago, Illinois.

The dessert was especially popular in the first half of the 20th century. The original gelatin dessert began in Le Roy, New York, in 1897, when Pearle Bixby Wait registered a trademark for the name Jell-O. He and his wife May had made the product by adding strawberry, raspberry, orange, and lemon flavoring to sugar and granulated gelatin (which had been patented in 1845). The powder is mixed with boiling water and then cooled to produce a gel.
Hossein Ala'
Hosein Alā (Persian: حسین علاء; 13 December 1881 – 13 July 1964) was an Iranian politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Iran in two terms. He also served as the foreign minister of Iran from 1943 to 1945, and as the Iranian Ambassador to the United States from 1945 to 1950.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iran)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Persian: وزارت امور خارجه, romanized: Vezārat-e Omūr-e Khārejeh) is an Iranian government ministry headed by the minister of foreign affairs, who is a member of cabinet. The office is currently held by Abbas Araghchi after the death of Hossein Amir-Abdollahian.

Foreign policy decisions are made in the Supreme National Security Council and according to Ali Khamenei's high courts.
Nostradamus in popular culture
The prophecies of the 16th-century author Nostradamus have become a part of the popular culture of the 20th and 21st centuries. Nostradamus' life has been depicted in both fiction and non-fiction books as well as several films, and made-up prophecies that were said to be his were circulated online in several well-known hoaxes, where quatrains in the style of Nostradamus have been circulated by e-mail. The best-known hoax claims that he predicted the attack on New York City's World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.

Hoax
A hoax (pl.: hoaxes) is a widely publicised falsehood created to deceive its audience with false and often astonishing information, with the either malicious or humorous intent of causing shock and interest in as many people as possible.

Some hoaxers intend to eventually unmask their representations as having been a hoax so as to expose their victims as fools; seeking some form of profit, other hoaxers hope to maintain the hoax indefinitely, so that it is only when skeptical people willing to investigate their claims publish their findings, that the hoaxers are finally revealed as such.
Homer Tate
Homer Martin Tate (1884–1975) was an American nicknamed the "King of Gaffes" for devising strange "artifacts" that were often used in roadside attractions and sideshows to fool and amuse the public. Among his best known works is The Thing.

Tate was born in Poetry, Texas, and moved to Arizona in the 1890s and/or to Gila Valley, Arizona, around 1915. He was a miner and a farmer and also operated a motel and gas station. Tate was elected sheriff of Graham County, serving from 1925 to 1928.

In the late 1930s or '40s, he began to make artifacts from mud, paper and bones, which he sold for small sums. They were passed off by the purchasers as mummies (such as The Thing), mermaids and shrunken heads. Some of his items were purchased by Mike Wolfe in an episode of the television series American Pickers.

Roadside attraction
A roadside attraction is a feature along the side of a road meant to attract tourists. In general, these are places one might stop on the way to somewhere, rather than being a destination. They are frequently advertised with billboards. The modern tourist-oriented highway attraction originated as a U.S. and  Canadian phenomenon in the 1940s to 1960s, and subsequently caught on in Australia. Elsewhere, similar items may be placed on roundabouts and traffic islands in crowded cities.
Abel de Pujol
Alexandre-Denis-Abel de Pujol or Abel de Pujol (30 January 1785 in Valenciennes – 29 September 1861 in Paris) was a French painter. He was a student of David and his own students included Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps and Émile Lévy. He painted the ceiling of the grand-staircase at the Louvre as well as the galerie de Diane at Fontainebleau and the ceiling of the Bourse de Paris. A member of the Institut de France, he was an officer of the légion d'honneur.

Institut de France
The Institut de France (French for 'Institute of France'; French: [ɛ̃stity də fʁɑ̃s]) is a French learned society, grouping five académies, including the Académie Française. It was established in 1795 at the direction of the National Convention. Located on the Quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the institute manages approximately 1,000 foundations, as well as museums and châteaux open for visit. It also awards prizes and subsidies, which amounted to a total of over €27 million per year in 2017. Most of these prizes are awarded by the institute on the recommendation of the académies.
Idrisovo
Idrisovo (Russian: Идрисово; Bashkir: Иҙрис, İźris) is a rural locality (a village) in Shafranovsky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 389 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

Alsheyevsky District
Alsheyevsky District (Russian: Альше́евский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Әлшәй районы, Älşäy rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 2,415 square kilometers (932 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Rayevsky. As of the 2021 Russian census, Alsheyevsky District has a population of 36,799.