hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hagen Kleinert
Hagen Kleinert (15 June 1941 – 7 March 2025) was a professor of theoretical physics at the Free University of Berlin, Germany (since 1968),
Honorary Doctor at the
West University of Timișoara, and
at the
Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University
in Bishkek. He is also
Honorary Member of the
Russian Academy of Creative Endeavors. For his contributions to particle and solid-state physics he was awarded the Max Born Prize 2008 with Medal.
His contribution to the memorial volume celebrating the 100th birthday of Lev Davidovich Landau earned him the Majorana Prize 2008 with Medal. He is married to Dr. Annemarie Kleinert since 1974 with whom he has a son Michael Kleinert.

Max Born Medal and Prize
The Max Born Medal and Prize is a scientific prize awarded yearly by the German Physical Society (DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) in memory of the German physicist Max Born, who was a German-Jewish physicist, instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. It was established in 1972, and first awarded in 1973.

The terms of the award are that it is "to be presented for outstanding contributions to physics". The award goes to physicists based in Germany and in the UK or Ireland in alternate years. The prize is accompanied by a silver medal "about 6 cm in diameter and 0.5 cm thick. One face carries a profile of Max Born and his name and dates. The other face carries the equation pq – qp = h/2πi and the full names of IOP and DPG. The recipient's full name and year of award is engraved around the rim." The medal is accompanied by €3000.
Puccinellia pumila
Puccinellia pumila is a species of grass known by the common names dwarf akaligrass and smooth alkali grass. It is native to North America where it grows along the coastline in the northern latitudes, from Alaska across Arctic northern Canada to Greenland. It occurs on the coast of the Pacific Northwest in the United States and it is known from the Kamchatka Peninsula. The grass is only found on the coast, in wetland habitat, beaches, and areas inundated by the highest tides, in saline sand and mud. This perennial grass grows decumbent or erect to a maximum height near 40 centimeters, often remaining much smaller, especially in harsh habitat. It may root at stem nodes which become buried in wet substrate. The inflorescence is a dense or open array of branches bearing spikelets.

Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, romanized: poluóstrov Kamchátka, pronounced [pəlʊˈostrəf kɐmˈt͡ɕætkə], Ainu: Cupka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (777 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi). The Sea of Okhotsk bounds the peninsula's western coastline, immediately offshore of the peninsula and below the Bering Sea runs the 9,600-metre-deep (31,496 ft) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Its eastern coastline is the Bering Sea, part of the Pacific Ocean.

The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980). The Kamchatka Peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that form part of the Ring of Fire.
Verd antique
Verd antique (obsolete French, from Italian, verde antico, "ancient green"), also called verde antique, marmor thessalicum, or Ophite, is a serpentinite breccia popular since ancient times as a decorative facing stone. It is a dark, dull green, white-mottled (or white-veined) serpentine, mixed with calcite, dolomite, or magnesite, which takes a high polish. The term verd antique has been documented in English texts as early as 1745.

It is sometimes classed, erroneously, as a variety of marble ("Thessalian marble", "serpentine marble", "Moriah stone", etc.). It has also been called and marketed as "ophicalcite" or "ophite".

Non-brecciated varieties of a very similar serpentinite, sometimes also called "verd antique", have been quarried at Victorville, California; Cardiff, Maryland; Holly Springs, Georgia; and Rochester in Addison County, Vermont.

Dolomite (mineral)
Dolomite (/ˈdɒl.əˌmaɪt, ˈdoʊ.lə-/) is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally CaMg(CO3)2. The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite (see Dolomite (rock)). An alternative name sometimes used for the dolomitic rock type is dolostone.
Michael Macaque
(Louis) Michael Macaque (born 15 August 1974) is a former Mauritian super heavyweight boxer, who competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, and served as the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony. He was also the runner-up in super heavyweight boxing at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, after being defeated by England's Audley Harrison.

At the 2000 Summer Olympics, Macaque qualified for the super heavyweight division in boxing after winning silver at the 1999 All-Africa Games in Johannesburg, South Africa. Unfortunately, he was eliminated in the first round after being defeated by Canada's Art Binkowski with a score of 14–21. A year later, Macaque fulfilled his success of winning the gold medal at the 2001 African Amateur Boxing Championships in his home nation Mauritius. His boxing career ended after winning silver at the 2003 African Amateur Boxing Championships in Yaoundé, Cameroon, losing out to Carlos Takam.

2001 African Amateur Boxing Championships
The 11th edition of the African Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Port Louis, Mauritius from 14 May to 20 May 2001. The event was organised by the African governing body for amateur boxing, the African Boxing Confederation (ABC).
Seminars in Perinatology
Seminars in Perinatology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering perinatology. It was established in 1977 and is published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are Ian Gross (Yale School of Medicine) and Mary E. D'alton (Columbia University Medical Center). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 2.682.

Maternal–fetal medicine
Maternal–fetal medicine (MFM), also known as Perinatology or Feto-maternal medicine, is a branch of medicine that focuses on managing health concerns of the mother and fetus prior to, during, and shortly after pregnancy.

Maternal–fetal medicine specialists are physicians who subspecialize within the field of obstetrics. Their training typically includes a four-year residency in obstetrics and gynecology followed by a three-year fellowship. They may perform prenatal tests, provide treatments, and perform surgeries. They act both as a consultant during lower-risk pregnancies and as the primary obstetrician in especially high-risk pregnancies. After birth, they may work closely with pediatricians or neonatologists. For the mother, perinatologists assist with pre-existing health concerns, as well as complications caused by pregnancy.
Arbaş
Arbaş (Tatar: Арбаш, romanized: Arbaş) is a rural locality (a selo) in Baltaç District, Tatarstan. The population was 414 as of 2010.
Arbaş is located 9 km from Baltaç, district's administrative centre, and 107 km from Ԛazаn, republic's capital, by road.
The village was established in 16th or 17th century.
There are 5 streets in the village.

Baltasi
Baltasi (Russian: Балтаси́; Tatar: Балтач) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Baltasinsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Shoshma River (right tributary of the Vyatka), 106 kilometers (66 mi) from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 7,711.
2014 Dow Corning Tennis Classic – Doubles
Melinda Czink and Mirjana Lučić-Baroni were the defending champions, but both players chose not to compete.

Anna Tatishvili and Heather Watson won the tournament, defeating Sharon Fichman and Maria Sanchez in the final, 7–5, 5–7, [10–6].

Sharon Fichman
Sharon Fichman (/ˈfɪtʃmən/ FITCH-mən; born December 3, 1990) is a Canadian former tennis player. She achieved career-high WTA rankings of 77 in singles (May 2014) and 21 in doubles (January 2022).

In 2005, Fichman won the gold medal in women's singles at the 2005 Maccabiah Games in Israel, at the age of 14. She was ranked No. 5 on the ITF Junior Circuit in December 2006.

Fichman was inactive from May 2016 to April 2018, but returned to tennis in doubles at the 60k event in Indian Harbour Beach, reaching the quarterfinals with Jamie Loeb. She qualified for the 2021 WTA Finals with Giuliana Olmos.
Variable Density Tunnel
The Variable Density Tunnel (VDT) was the second wind tunnel at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Langley Research Center. Proposed by German aerospace engineer, Max Munk, student of Ludwig Prandtl, it was the world's first variable density wind tunnel and allowed for more accurate testing of small-scale models than could be obtained with atmospheric wind tunnels.

The VDT was actively used as a wind tunnel from 1923 until its retirement in the 1940s. Langley Research Center historian, James R. Hansen, wrote that the VDT provided results superior to the atmospheric wind tunnels used at the time and was responsible for making NACA, the precursor to NASA, "a world leader in aerodynamic research". It is now a National Historic Landmark and is on display on the Langley grounds, near the old Reid Conference Center.

James R. Hansen
James R. Hansen (born 1952) is Professor Emeritus of history at Auburn University in Alabama. His book From the Ground Up won the History Book Award of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1988. For his work, The Wind and Beyond (NASA) - (six-volume series), he was awarded the Eugene Ferguson Prize for Outstanding Reference Work by the Society for the History of Technology in 2005.
Federation of Employers of Ukraine
The Federation of Employers of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Федерація роботодавців України, romanized: Federatsiia robotodavtsiv Ukrainy) is a major interest organisation for business and industry in Ukraine.

Intensive efforts towards unification of employers organizations materialized in the unification congress of the Federation of Employers of Ukraine on November 29, 2011 where Mr. Dmytro Firtash was elected President of the Federation. FEU has become the most powerful organization representing Ukraine's industry and business. The Federation has become an active and effective factor of influence upon social and economic processes in the country having signed Memorandums of Understanding with the State Tax Service of Ukraine, State Customs Service of Ukraine and Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine and having established an ongoing dialog with the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

State Tax Service of Ukraine
The State Tax Service of Ukraine is the central executive body in the field of taxes in Ukraine, which was restored in 2019 by dividing the State Fiscal Service. The activities of the Service are directed and coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Finance.
Lee Soon-ok
Lee Soon-ok (born 1947 in Chongjin, North Korea) is a North Korean defector and the author of Eyes of the Tailless Animals: Prison Memoirs of a North Korean Woman, her account of being falsely accused, tortured, and imprisoned under poor conditions for crimes against the state and her subsequent release from prison and defection from the country. Since leaving North Korea, she has resided in South Korea. Lee's testimony was challenged by the North Korean Defectors' Association in Seoul and by many former North Korea citizens.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Claude Peter
Claude Peter (19 December 1947 – 11 May 2022) was a French basketball player who played as a point guard. He played one season for FC Mulhouse Basket before finishing fourteen seasons with Le Mans Sarthe Basket. He played in 50 games for the French national team.

France men's national basketball team
The France men's national basketball team (French: Équipe de France de basketball) represents France in international basketball and is administered by the French Federation of Basketball. France is currently ranked fourth in the FIBA World Ranking.

France has been a regular at the EuroBasket, making 40 appearances all-time. Their best finish came in 2013, winning the gold medal. They have also come away with three silver (1949, 2011, 2022) and six bronze medals (1937, 1951, 1953, 1959, 2005, 2015). France has also won two bronze medals at the FIBA World Cup in 2014 and 2019. While at the Summer Olympics, France has won four silver medals (1948, 2000, 2020, 2024).
Susie Ganch
Susie Ganch (b. 1971 Appleton, Wisconsin) is a first generation American artist of Hungarian heritage. She is a sculptor, jeweler, educator, and founder and director of Radical Jewelry Makeover. Ganch received her Bachelors in Science from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in Geology in 1994 and her Masters in Fine Arts from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1997.

Ganch's work has been shown nationally and internationally. Her work is in the collection of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, CA  Her work, Drag, was acquired by the Smithsonian American Art Museum as part of the Renwick Gallery's 50th Anniversary Campaign.

Ganch  works as an Associate Professor and Metal Area Lead at Virginia Commonwealth University.

Renwick Gallery
The Renwick Gallery is a branch of the Smithsonian American Art Museum located in Washington, D.C. that displays American craft and decorative arts from the 19th to 21st century. The gallery is housed in a National Historic Landmark building that was opened in 1859 on Pennsylvania Avenue and originally housed the Corcoran Gallery of Art. When it was built in 1859, it was called "the American Louvre", and is now named for its architect James Renwick Jr.
Jang Jo-yoon
Jang Jo-yoon (Korean: 장조윤; born 1 January 1988), alternatively spelt as Chang Jo-yoon, is a retired South Korean footballer who played as a forward.

Jang Jo-yoon initially started out as a midfielder while playing in his youth for Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors, but switched to a striker after he moved to the S. League team Super Reds in 2009.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC (Korean: 전북 현대 모터스 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Jeonbuk have won the K League a record ten times, including five consecutive titles between 2017 and 2021, and the Korea Cup six times, which is also a joint-record. At international level, the club have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2006 and 2016. Jeonbuk have also made two appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup, most recently in the 2016 edition. The club's home ground is the Jeonju World Cup Stadium.
Ben Oas
Ben Oas (April 27, 1901 – February 1, 1976) was an American football player.

Oas was born in 1901 in  Minnesota. He played college football as a center and fullback for St Mary's (MN) from 1925 to 1928. He also played center for the St. Mary's basketball team.

Oas also played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a center and back for the Minneapolis Red Jackets during the 1929 season. He appeared in seven NFL games, four as a starter.

Oas died in February 1976 in Trimble, Illinois.

Saint Mary's University of Minnesota
The Saint Mary's University of Minnesota (SMUMN) is a private Catholic university with its primary campuses in Winona and Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It comprises an undergraduate residential college in Winona; graduate and professional programs in Winona, the Twin Cities, and Rochester; and course delivery sites in Minnesota and Wisconsin as well as Jamaica. The institution was founded in 1912 and is associated with the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, also known as the De La Salle Brothers.
August: Osage County (soundtrack)
August: Osage County is the 2013 American tragicomedy film directed by John Wells based on Tracy Letts' Pulitzer Prize-winning 2007 play of the same name. Two soundtracks were released on December 31, 2013: an original soundtrack featuring the songs heard in the film, by Columbia Records and Gustavo Santaolalla's score album was released by Sony Classical Records.

August: Osage County
August: Osage County is a tragicomedy play by Tracy Letts. It was the recipient of the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. The play premiered at the Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago on June 28, 2007, and closed on August 26, 2007. It had its Broadway debut at the Imperial Theater on December 4, 2007, and the production transferred to the Music Box Theatre on April 29, 2008. The Broadway show closed on June 28, 2009, after 648 performances and 18 previews.

The show made its UK debut at London's National Theatre in November 2008. A US national tour began on July 24, 2009, with its first performance at Denver's Buell Theatre.

In 2013, it was adapted and brought to the stage by the Greenray Theatre, a Taiwanese theater troupe. The story and characters remained unchanged, except the plot took place in a Taiwanese family.
Webbed foot
The webbed foot is a specialized limb with interdigital membranes (webbings) that aids in aquatic locomotion, present in a variety of tetrapod vertebrates. This adaptation is primarily found in semiaquatic species, and has convergently evolved many times across vertebrate taxa.

It likely arose from mutations in developmental genes that normally cause tissue between the digits to apoptose. These mutations were beneficial to many semiaquatic animals because the increased surface area from the webbing allowed for more swimming propulsion and swimming efficiency, especially in surface swimmers. The webbed foot also has enabled other novel behaviors like escape responses and mating behaviors. A webbed foot may also be called a paddle to contrast it from a more hydrofoil-like flipper.

Swan
Swans are birds of the genus Cygnus within the family Anatidae. The swans' closest relatives include geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae, forming the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae. They are the largest waterfowl and are often among the largest flighted birds in their range.

There are six living and many extinct species of swan; in addition, there is a species known as the coscoroba swan, which is no longer considered one of the true swans. Swans usually mate for life, although separation sometimes occurs, particularly following nesting failure, and if a mate dies, the remaining swan will take up with another. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight.
Menny
Manuel Alejandro Carrasco de la O, (born January 21, 1983, in Chihuahua, Mexico) commonly known as Menny, is a Mexican singer / songwriter, and former contestant of the popular Mexican reality television series La Academia and Segunda Oportunidad.

Luis Fonsi
Luis Alfonso Rodríguez López-Cepero (born April 15, 1978), known by his stage name Luis Fonsi (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis ˈfonsi]), is a Puerto Rican singer. He is known for his soulful and dance oriented songs, most notably 2017's "Despacito".

Fonsi received his first Latin Grammy Award nominations in the Record of the Year category and won Song of the Year thanks to the song "Aquí Estoy Yo". The song also won three Billboard Latin Music Awards. "Despacito" became Fonsi's biggest success, winning four Latin Grammy Awards, seven Billboard Latin Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards and three Grammy Awards nominations. He also won one Latin American Music Award for "Échame la Culpa" with Demi Lovato.

As of 2018, Fonsi has broken six Guinness World Records and sold more than 11 million records with "Despacito", whose music video was the most-watched YouTube video of all time until November 2020, with over 8 billion views.
ISCU
Iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme ISCU, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ISCU gene. It encodes an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster scaffold protein involved in [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] cluster synthesis and maturation. A deficiency of ISCU is associated with a mitochondrial myopathy with lifelong exercise intolerance where only minor exertion causes tachycardia, shortness of breath, muscle weakness and myalgia.

Muscle weakness
Muscle weakness is a lack of muscle strength. Its causes are many and can be divided into conditions that have either true or perceived muscle weakness.  True muscle weakness is a primary symptom of a variety of skeletal muscle diseases, including muscular dystrophy and inflammatory myopathy. It occurs in neuromuscular junction disorders, such as myasthenia gravis. Muscle weakness can also be caused by low levels of potassium and other electrolytes within muscle cells. It can be temporary or long-lasting (from seconds or minutes to months or years). The term myasthenia is from my- from Greek μυο meaning "muscle" + -asthenia  ἀσθένεια meaning "weakness".
Putlur Angala Parameshwari Amman Temple
Putlur Angala Parameshwari Amman Temple, also known as the Putlur Amman Temple, is a Hindu temple in Putlur, a village located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, India. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu god Angala Parameshwari, an incarnation of Parvati, who is believed to have taken the form of a large anthill resembling a pregnant woman.

Chennai metropolitan area
Chennai metropolitan area or Greater Chennai is the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in India and the 35th most populous in the world. It consists of the core city of Chennai, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Thiruvallur and Ranipet districts.

The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. In 1974, an area encompassing 1,189 km2 (459 sq mi) around the city was designated as the metropolitan area which was subsequently expanded to 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi) in 2022.
Thole
Thole is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Josh Thole (born 1986), American baseball player

Julius Thole (born 1997), German beach volleyball player

Kik Thole (born 1944), Dutch field hockey player

Karel Thole (1914–2000), Dutch-Italian painter and illustrator

Kik Thole
Charles Henri Marie "Kik" Thole (born 5 February 1944) is a retired field hockey player from the Netherlands. He competed at the 1968 and 1972 Olympics, where his teams finished in fifth and fourth place, respectively.

Between 1966 and 1972 Thole played 54 international matches and scored 7 goals.