hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
True Mathematics
Kenny Houston aka True Mathematics is a rapper from Hempstead, New York. He released an album called "Greatest Hits" as a collaboration with Hank Shocklee (Public Enemy), Eric Sadler, Carl Ryder (aka Chuck D), and spawned four singles: "After Dark", which charted at #92 on the UK Singles Chart; For the Lover in You; I Don't Love You Anymore; For the Money/KAOss, which also charted at #92 on the UK Singles Chart. He also contributed to the Public Enemy song "Get the Fuck Outta Dodge", which was the B-Side to their single "Can't Do Nuttin' For Ya Man" from their album Fear of a Black Planet and also appeared on their album Apocalypse '91...The Enemy Strikes Black.

Apocalypse 91... The Enemy Strikes Black
Apocalypse 91… The Enemy Strikes Black is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy, released on October 1, 1991, by Def Jam Recordings and Columbia Records. The album received critical acclaim, ranking at No. 2 in The Village Voice's 1991 Pazz & Jop critics' poll.
Coherent states in mathematical physics
Coherent states have been introduced in a physical context, first as quasi-classical states in quantum mechanics, then as the backbone of quantum optics and they are described in that spirit in the article Coherent states (see also). However, they have generated a huge variety of generalizations, which have led to a tremendous amount of literature in mathematical physics.
In this article, we sketch the main directions of research on this line. For further details, we refer to several existing surveys.

Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light). It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons and their interaction with, for instance, atoms and molecules. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.
2009 flu pandemic table November 2009
This is a table containing the figures from the ECDC Influenza A Situation Updates issued in November 2009 roughly three times a week.  From 30 September, ECDC only published deaths totals, and so the world cases table has not been maintained. The table can be sorted by country, date of first confirmed case or date of first confirmed case by continent.

This presentation of the data in this and other tables may show the progression, peaks, and, eventually, decline of the epidemic in each country and continent.

Summary tables | Previous month | Next month

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is an agency of the European Union (EU) whose mission is to strengthen Europe's defences against infectious diseases. It covers a wide spectrum of activities, such as: surveillance, epidemic intelligence, response, scientific advice, microbiology, preparedness, public health training, international relations, health communication, and the scientific journal Eurosurveillance. The centre was established in 2004 and is headquartered in Solna, Sweden.
South Crofty
South Crofty is a metalliferous tin and copper mine located in the village of Pool, Cornwall, England. An ancient mine, it has seen production for over 400 years, and extends almost two and a half miles across and 3,000 feet (910 m) down and has mined over 40 lodes. Evidence of mining activity in South Crofty has been dated back to 1592, with full-scale mining beginning in the mid-17th century. The mine went into serious decline after 1985 and eventually closed in 1998. After several changes of ownership, South Crofty is owned by Cornish Metals, which is working  to re-open the mine, as of November 2022, having received a permit for dewatering the mine.

Black tin
Black tin is the raw ore of tin, usually cassiterite, as sold by a tin mine to a smelting company.  After mining, the ore must be concentrated by several processes to reduce the amount of gangue it contains before it can be sold. It contrasts with white tin, which is the refined, metallic tin produced after smelting.

The term "black tin" was historically associated with tin mining in Devon and Cornwall.
Korean Labor Unions Confederation
The Korean Labor Unions Confederation (KLUC), also known as Gukmin-nochong (Korean: 국민노총; acronym for KLUC in Korean language) was a national trade union centre of South Korea established in 2011, and the union merged into Federation of Korean Trade Unions in 2014.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Abbey of San Pastore
The Abbey of San Pastore is a partially ruined former Cistercian monastery located in the province of Rieti in the countryside between Contigliano and Greccio. It is part of the "path of Francis," the pilgrimage route that unites the four Franciscan sanctuaries in the Sacred Valley; the via Benedicti, a route that unites Benedictine places in central Italy; and finally the cammino dei Templari, a route that concerns the Knights of the Temple.

Greccio
Greccio (pronounced [ˈɡrett͡ʃo]) is an old hilltown and comune of the province of Rieti in the Italian region of Lazio, overhanging the Rieti Valley on a spur of the Monti Sabini, a sub-range of the Apennines, about 16 kilometres (10 miles) by road northwest of Rieti, the nearest large town.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). The town hall of the comune is in the frazione of Limiti di Greccio.

Greccio was the place where, in December 1223, Saint Francis of Assisi devised the first living Nativity scene (in Italian: presepe). The Nativity scene tradition continues there to this day, and a memorial of Saint Francis, the Sanctuary of Greccio, may be visited.
ZJ theorem
In mathematics, George Glauberman's ZJ theorem states that if a finite group G is p-constrained and p-stable and has a normal p-subgroup for some odd prime p, then Op′(G)Z(J(S)) is a normal subgroup of G, for any Sylow p-subgroup S.

P-group
In mathematics, specifically group theory, given a prime number p, a p-group is a group in which the order of every element is a power of p. That is, for each element g of a p-group G, there exists a nonnegative integer n such that the product of pn copies of g, and not fewer, is equal to the identity element. The orders of different elements may be different powers of p.

Abelian p-groups are also called p-primary or simply primary.

A finite group is a p-group if and only if its order (the number of its elements) is a power of p. Given a finite group G, the Sylow theorems guarantee the existence of a subgroup of G of order pn for every prime power pn that divides the order of G.

Every finite p-group is nilpotent.

The remainder of this article deals with finite p-groups. For an example of an infinite abelian p-group, see Prüfer group, and for an example of an infinite simple p-group, see Tarski monster group.
Cougar C01
The Cougar C01, and its derivative, the Cougar C01B, were Group C sports car prototype race cars, designed, developed, and built by French constructor Cougar in 1984, and was used in sports car racing from 1982 to 1984. Its best result in the World Sportscar Championship sports car racing series was a tenth-place finish 1983 1000 km of Mugello, being driven by Yves Courage, Aldo Bertuzzi, and Gianni Giudici.

1983 World Endurance Championship
The 1983 World Endurance Championship was the 31st season of FIA World Sportscar Championship auto racing series.  It featured the two world championships and two cups for drivers and manufacturers which was contested by Group C Sports Cars, Group C Junior Sports Cars and Group B GT Cars in a seven race events which ran from 10 April to 10 December 1983. The World Endurance Championship for Drivers was won by Jacky Ickx while the World Endurance Championship for Manufacturers was won by Porsche.  The Group C Junior Cup was won by Giannini Alba and the Grand Touring Cup by Porsche.

The world championship was held in conjunction with the 1983 European Endurance Championship, sharing five races events in Europe before the series departed internationally.  As such, many drivers and teams competed in both championships.
Isle of Man (War Legislation) Act 1939
The Isle of Man (War Legislation) Act 1939 (2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 86) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that permitted any part of UK legislation related to defence to be extended to the Isle of Man directly by Order in Council, bypassing Tynwald.

A similar act, the Isle of Man (War Legislation) Act 1914 (4 & 5 Geo. 5. c. 62), had been in force for the duration of the First World War.

Order in Council
An Order in Council (abbreviated as OIC in some countries) is a type of legal instrument issued by the executive branch of a government, often the head of state or their representatives, on the advice of a cabinet or council of ministers. These instruments are used in several Commonwealth realms, with equivalent instruments also found in countries with a Westminster system of government. Although the specifics vary by country, Orders in Council typically allow the executive to make formal decisions or regulations without enacting new legislation.
Sybil Shainwald
Sybil Shainwald (April 27, 1928 – April 9, 2025) was an American attorney specializing in women's health law and an activist for women's health reform. She represented thousands of women and their children in individual and class action suits against manufacturers of harmful drugs, devices, and procedures. Shainwald was former chair of the National Women's Health Network, co-founder of Health Action International and Trial Lawyers for Public Justice.

National Women's Health Network
The National Women's Health Network (NWHN) was a non-profit women's health advocacy organization located in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1975 by Barbara Seaman, Alice Wolfson, Belita Cowan, Mary Howell, and Phyllis Chesler. The stated mission of the organization was to give women a greater voice within the healthcare system. The NWHN researched and lobbied federal agencies on such issues as AIDS, reproductive rights, breast cancer, older women's health, and new contraceptive technologies. The Women's Health Voice, the NWHN's health information program, provided independent research on a variety of women's health topics. In December 2024, the NWHN sunset their operations and shut down after 50 years of advocating for women's health.
Safe and Secure Internet Gambling Initiative
The Safe and Secure Internet Gambling Initiative promotes an individual's freedom to gamble online in the interest of creating safeguards to protect consumers and ensure financial transactions are legal and safe.

Safeguard
In international trade law, a safeguard is a restraint to protect home or national industries from foreign competition.
In the World Trade Organization (WTO), a member may take a safeguard action, such as restricting imports of a product temporarily to protect a domestic industry from an increase in imports causing or threatening to cause injury to domestic production.
Beatrice Kyle
Beatrice Kyle (January 23, 1902 – July 7, 1970) was known as Bee Kyle and was a world-famous American high diver. She would jump into an 8-foot-deep (2.4 m) tank of water from a height of 100 feet (30 m) or more.

Kyle was born in the state of Maine in the United States of America in 1902 and made her living as a high diver. She married William Booth Wecker who worked at various jobs and carnivals and circuses. He did everything from selling tickets to lion taming. They had a nomadic lifestyle and performed all over the world including Japan in the 1930s. They never had any children.

In 1939, Billboard Magazine had a contest on who the most popular outdoor performer was in the U.S. and Kyle won, getting 32,728 votes.

Kyle suffered in her old age from injuries sustained while diving. She died in 1970 and was buried with her husband at Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery in Missouri.

Lion taming
Lion taming is the taming and training of lions, either for protection or for use in entertainment, such as the circus. The term often applies to the taming and display of lions and other big cats such as tigers, leopards, jaguars, cheetahs, and cougars. Lion taming is used as a popular metaphor for any dangerous activity. Lion taming occurs in zoos around the world to enable the keepers to carry out medical procedures and feedings.

The Captive Animals Protection Society maintains that animal welfare cannot be guaranteed in circuses. The use of lions in circuses have been affected by bans on circus animals in some countries.
Oceanside Museum of Art
Oceanside Museum of Art is a fine arts museum in Oceanside, California. It began holding exhibits in 1995, with a dedicated facility opening on October 6, 1997. The museum is housed in two buildings designed by Irving Gill and Frederick Fisher, modernist architects from Southern California.

The museum houses art focused on works by contemporary artists of Southern California. Works exhibited include paintings, sculptures, furniture, art quilts and fiber designs, and glass. The museum also hosts or sponsors classes, lectures, tours, concerts, films, events, and chartered travel to other cultural art exhibits.

The 20,020 square foot facility includes 9,128 square feet of gallery space. It typically features over a dozen modern and contemporary art exhibitions each year, including exhibits at other community locations. The museum attracts 25,000 visitors each year, including 4,000 students who participate in programs.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
Ship of Wanted Men
Ship of Wanted Men is a 1933 American pre-Code crime film directed by Lewis D. Collins and starring Dorothy Sebastian, Fred Kohler and Leon Ames. The film's sets were designed by the art director Fred Preble.

Fred Preble
Fred Preble (1893–1953) was an American art director who designed the sets on well over a hundred film productions. He worked for a variety of production companies, including the studios Monogram and PRC.
Langa (ruler)
Langa was an early precolonial Embo-Nguni chief in the Maputaland-Lubombo region of Southern Africa. He ruled a chiefdom within the Tembe Kingdom.

His followers within the  Embo groups were referred to as  Emalangeni ("people of Langa"), Embo-Dlamini or Nguni-Dlamini, as they were later called during the reign his son Dlamini I, and Amahlubi, descendants of his elder son Prince Hlubi.

Embo (Nguni ancestry)
Embo (also AbaMbo, Abambu, Mbo, Mbos, AmaMbo, Abasembu, Amabambo or eMbo) refers to an ancestral grouping and historical ethnic identity of early  Nguni-speaking peoples who settled in Southern Africa during the Bantu expansion.

Early European accounts from the 17th and 18th centuries refer to peoples identified as the Abambo along the southeastern coast of Southern Africa.

In historical literature, the term Embo also refers to narrower Nguni groupings, such as the  Embo-Nguni and sub-groups such as the Embo-Dlamini, which formed the modern Swazi people. The group was active in the Maputaland-Lubombo region from the early modern period.

They were distinguished by their cattle-based economy, crop farming and coastal trade. Historically, the Bantu-speaking people of the southern part of Africa came from the Katanga direction and continued to expand to the south along the east coast of Africa.
1948 Georgia lieutenant gubernatorial special election
The 1948 Georgia lieutenant gubernatorial special election was held on November 2, 1948, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of Georgia upon the succession of Lieutenant Governor Melvin E. Thompson to the Georgia governorship on March 18, 1947. Democratic nominee Marvin Griffin ran unopposed and subsequently won the election.

Governor of Georgia
The governor of Georgia is the head of government of Georgia and the commander-in-chief of the state's National Guard, when not in federal service, and State Defense Force. The governor also has a duty to enforce state laws, the power to either veto or approve bills passed by the Georgia Legislature, and the power to convene the legislature into special session. The current governor is Republican Brian Kemp, who assumed office on January 14, 2019.
Richard Longe
Richard Longe (died 1650) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.

Longe was an alderman of Bristol and served as Sheriff of Bristol in 1621 and as Mayor in 1636. In November 1640, Longe was elected Member of Parliament for Bristol in the Long Parliament. He was expelled as a monopolist on 12 May 1642. In 1646 he entered his name as a petitioner to compound for delinquency, and paid a fine of £800 in May 1650.

Longe died by 29 June 1650 and left land to fund clothing for poor men in the Merchat's Almshouses and for bread for the poor.

Bristol (UK Parliament constituency)
Bristol was a two-member constituency, used to elect members to the House of Commons in the Parliaments of England (to 1707), Great Britain (1707–1800), and the United Kingdom (from 1801). The constituency existed until Bristol was divided into single member constituencies in 1885.
Royce O'Neale
Royce Khalil O'Neale  (born June 5, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Denver Pioneers and the Baylor Bears.

Baylor Bears men's basketball
The Baylor Bears men's basketball team represents Baylor University in Waco, Texas, in NCAA Division I men's basketball competition. The Bears compete in the Big 12 Conference. The team played its home games in Ferrell Center from 1988 until 2023.  Baylor now plays its home games in the Foster Pavilion and is currently coached by Scott Drew.
Lewis Caunce
Lewis Caunce (20 April 1911 - 1978) was an English professional association football goalkeeper of the 1930s. Born in Earlestown, he joined Rochdale from Huddersfield Town in 1932, where he made 18 appearances for the club. He left to join Wigan Athletic in 1933, spending two seasons with the Cheshire League club before returning to the Football League with Oldham Athletic in 1935.

On Boxing Day 1935, Caunce played in goal for Oldham in their 4–13 defeat against Tranmere Rovers, a Football League record for most goals scored in a game. Caunce notably saved a penalty during the game to prevent Tranmere centre forward Bunny Bell from scoring 10 goals, and Caunce's teammate Tommy Williamson remarked years later that despite the scoreline, the keeper had "played a blinder".

Caunce played 134 league games for Oldham before his football career was ended prematurely by the outbreak of the Second World War.

Earlestown
Earlestown (/ɜːrlztaʊn/ URLZ-town) is a town contiguous with Newton-le-Willows in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, Merseyside, England. At the 2011 Census the town had a population of 10,830. The town's name is derived from Hardman Earle, a businessman and director of the London and North Western Railway who established a railway workshop here.
John Corson Jr. House
The John Corson Jr. House is located at 1542 Shore Road (U.S. Route 9) in Upper Township of Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. The oldest part of the house was built around 1710. It was listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places in 2006.

A 300-acre (120 ha) plot was purchased here, then in the Province of West Jersey, by John Corson Sr. in 1695. The property was divided between his three sons, Andrew, Jacob, and John Corson Jr., who probably built the house around 1710. After his death in 1739, his son David Corson inherited it. In 1811, he divided the property among his ten children.

West Jersey
West Jersey and East Jersey were two distinct parts of the Province of New Jersey. The political division existed for 28 years, between 1674 and 1702. Determination of an exact location for a border between West Jersey and East Jersey was often a matter of dispute.
Kurumazuka Kofun (Mibu)
Kurumazuka Kofun (車塚古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the town of Mibu, Shimotsuga District, Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It received protection as a National Historic Site in 1926.

Tochigi Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture (栃木県, Tochigi-ken) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Tochigi Prefecture has a population of 1,897,649 (1 June 2023) and has a geographic area of 6,408 km2 (2,474 sq mi). Tochigi Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the west, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the southeast.

Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture, with other major cities including Oyama, Tochigi, and Ashikaga. Tochigi Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures and its mountainous northern region is a popular tourist region in Japan. The Nasu area is known for its onsens, local sake, and ski resorts, the villa of the Imperial Family, and the Nasushiobara station of the Shinkansen railway line. The city of Nikkō, with its ancient Shintō shrines and Buddhist temples, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Handball (wall game)
Handball is a sport in which players hit a ball with a hand or fist against a wall in such a way as to make a shot the opposition cannot return. It has variants:

American handball

Australian handball

Gaelic handball

Fives

Australian handball
Australian handball is a sport where players hit a ball against one or more walls using their hands. Distinct from the Olympic handball, Australian handball shares similarities in gameplay with Gaelic handball, Welsh handball, and American handball. The sport has been formally played in Australia since 1923.
2025 Las Vegas Challenger – Doubles
Trey Hilderbrand and Alex Lawson were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Benjamin Kittay and Joshua Sheehy won the title after defeating Finn Reynolds and James Watt 7–5, 7–6(7–2) in the final.

Trey Hilderbrand
Trey Hilderbrand (born May 15, 2000) is an American tennis player.

Hilderbrand has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 620 achieved on March 3, 2025 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 100 achieved on February 16, 2026.

Hilderbrand has won 4 ATP Challenger doubles titles.

Hilderbrand played college tennis at UCF before transferring to Texas A&M.