hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Central Virginia Waste Management Authority
The Central Virginia Waste Management Authority (CVWMA) is a public service authority that implements solid waste management and recycling programs for thirteen local governments in Virginia.  CVWMA’s programs include curbside recycling, drop-off recycling centers, electronic waste recycling, and household hazardous waste collection.

Hazardous waste
Hazardous waste is waste that must be handled properly to avoid damaging human health or the environment. Waste can be hazardous because it is toxic, reacts violently with other chemicals, or is corrosive, among other traits. As of 2022, humanity produces 300–500 million metric tons of hazardous waste annually. Some common examples are electronics, batteries, and paints. An important aspect of managing hazardous waste is safe disposal. Hazardous waste can be stored in hazardous waste landfills, burned, or recycled into something new. Managing hazardous waste is important to achieve worldwide sustainability. Hazardous waste is regulated on national scale by national governments as well as on an international scale by the United Nations (UN) and international treaties. A controlled waste is subject to legislative control in its handling or its disposal.
TT156
The Theban Tomb TT156 is located in Dra' Abu el-Naga', part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian Pennesuttawy, who was a troop commander and superintendent of the Southern Desert Lands during the reign of Ramesses II in the Nineteenth Dynasty.

Thebes, Egypt
Thebes (Egyptian Arabic: طيبه), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located along the Nile about 800 kilometers (500 mi) south of the Mediterranean. Its ruins lie within the modern Egyptian city of Luxor. Thebes was the main city of the fourth Upper Egyptian nome (Sceptre nome) and was the capital of Egypt for long periods during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom eras.

The city was close to Nubia and the Eastern Desert, with its valuable mineral resources and trade routes. It was a religious center and the most venerated city during many periods of ancient Egyptian history.

The site of Thebes includes areas on both the eastern bank of the Nile, where the temples of Karnak and Luxor stand and where the city was situated; and the western bank, where a necropolis of large private and royal cemeteries and funerary complexes can be found. In 1979, the ruins of ancient Thebes were classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
PURB
Transcriptional activator protein Pur-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PURB gene.

This gene product is a sequence-specific, single-stranded DNA-binding protein. It binds preferentially to the single strand of the purine-rich element termed PUR, which is present at origins of replication and in gene flanking regions in a variety of eukaryotes from yeasts through humans.

Thus, it is implicated in the control of both DNA replication and transcription. Deletion of this gene has been associated with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia.

Purine
Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which include substituted purines and their tautomers. They are the most widely occurring nitrogen-containing heterocycles in nature.
Liyangan
Liyangan is an archeological site in Indonesia, consisting of Hindu temples (candi) and the ruins of an ancient settlement. It is located at the west of Mount Sundoro, near the small village of Liyangan (which is how the site got its name) in the Ngadirejo district of Temanggung Regency, Central Java. It was discovered in 2008.

Mount Sindoro
Mount Sindoro, Mount Sindara or Mount Sundoro is a semi-active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. Parasitic craters and volcanic cones are found in the northwest-southern flanks; the largest is called Kembang. A small lava dome occupies the volcano's summit. Historical eruptions have been mostly mild to moderate.

The Sindoro mountain complex serves as the headwaters for the Progo river basin on the eastern slope and the Serayu river basin on the western slope. The boundary between the headwaters of these two river basins extends southeastward from the Sindoro mountain complex to the summit of Mount Sumbing. The headwaters of the Progo River basin on the eastern side flow through Temanggung Regency, while the headwaters of the Serayu River basin on the western side flow through Wonosobo Regency. Both of their mainstem ultimately discharge into the Indian Ocean, on the southern coast of Java, separated by a distance of approximately 125 kilometres (78 mi).
Ionic transfer
Ionic transfer is the transfer of ions from one liquid phase to another. This is related to the phase transfer catalysts which are a special type of liquid-liquid extraction which is used in synthetic chemistry.

For instance nitrate anions can be transferred between water and nitrobenzene. One way to observe this is to use a cyclic voltammetry experiment where the liquid-liquid interface is the working electrode. This can be done by placing secondary electrodes in each phase and close to interface each phase has a reference electrode. One phase is attached to a potentiostat which is set to zero volts, while the other potentiostat is driven with a triangular wave. This experiment is known as a polarised Interface between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions (ITIES) experiment.

Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene is an aromatic nitro compound and the simplest of the nitrobenzenes, with the chemical formula C6H5NO2.  It is a water-insoluble pale yellow oil with an almond-like odor.  It freezes to give greenish-yellow crystals.  It is produced on a large scale from benzene as a precursor to aniline.  In the laboratory, it is occasionally used as a solvent, especially for electrophilic reagents. As confirmed by X-ray crystallography, nitrobenzene is a planar molecule.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Motley County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Motley County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Motley County, Texas. There is one property listed on the National Register in the county. This property is also a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
Experience & Education
Experience & Education is the second full-length solo studio album by American rapper Sadat X.  It was released on October 25, 2005, through Female Fun Music. Recording sessions took place at the Thingamajig Lab in Brooklyn. Production was handled by the P Brothers, Kleph Dollaz, A Kid Called Roots, Ben Gebhardt, Diamond D, DJ Spinna, Ge-ology, Madsol-Desar, Minnesota, Sha Boogie and Vin The Chin. It features guest appearances from Agallah, Gina Vegas, Money Boss Players, Ed O.G. and Heltah Skeltah. The album's lead single was "What Did I Do?" b/w "The Great Diamond D".

Agallah
Angel Luis Aguilar (born May 8, 1974), better known by his stage names Agallah is an American rapper and producer. He was a member of The Diplomats-affiliated group Purple City and he is the CEO of his label Propain Campaign. He was formerly known as 8-Off Agallah.

He has ghostwritten songs for many well-known artists. In addition to producing his own music, he also produced tracks for Busta Rhymes, Remy Ma, The Diplomats, Guru, Rockin' Squat, Sean Price, Saigon, Game Theory, PMD, Das Efx, and Mobb Deep. In 1995, he finished his debut album, Wrap Your Lips Around This, but it was never properly released because the album was shelved. In 2012, Wrap Your Lips Around This became available for digital download from Amazon.com  and iTunes after being unreleased for many years.
Shirokaya, Nerchinsko-Zavodsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai
Shirokaya (Russian: Широкая) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nerchinsko-Zavodsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 416 (2021 census); 415 (2010 census); 450 (2002 census);  There are 5 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Gaius Julius Asper
Gaius Julius Asper was a Roman politician and senator in the third century AD.

Asper came from the city of Attalia in Asia Minor. He was promoted to a high position in the Senate due to his learning and intellect. During the reign of Commodus, Asper served as suffect consul. In 204 AD, Asper was appointed as Proconsul of Africa. In 212 AD, he served as consul together with his son, Gaius Julius Camilius Asper. At the same time he was consul, Asper also was Urban Prefect of Rome.

However, in that same year, Asper fell out of favor and was exiled along with his son on the orders of Caracalla. Later, he was pardoned and appointed Proconsul of Asia in 217 AD, but the new emperor Macrinus revoked this appointment, citing Asper's old age and illness, installing Quintus Anicius Faustus in his stead.

Asper was a Priest of the Flamens and the Salii.

Flamen
A flamen (plural, flamines) was a specific type of priest ("sacerdos") in the ancient Roman religion and one of the oldest classes of the Roman priesthood, with origins likely predating the Republican era. These flamines, of which there were fifteen, were high-ranking members of the College of Pontiffs who administered and oversaw the various cults of the state-sponsored religion, both collectively and individually. The most important of these were the three flamines maiores ("major priests"), who each served one of the gods of the Archaic Triad: Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus. The remaining twelve flamines minores ("lesser priests") served various minor deities, of whom little is definitively known, with two of their identities even being forgotten. While these original flamines lost most of their cultural and religious significance by the dawn of the Empire, the term flamen went on to be used in reference to priests of the cults of deified Emperors (divus).
Minnesota Transportation Museum
The Minnesota Transportation Museum (MTM, reporting mark MNTX) is a transportation museum in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.

MTM operates several heritage transportation sites in Minnesota and one in Wisconsin. The museum is actively involved in preserving local railroad, bus, and streetcar history.

MTM was formed in 1962 to save a streetcar that had been built and operated by Twin City Rapid Transit (TCRT) in Minneapolis–St. Paul.  Many of the museum's early members were formerly part of the Minnesota Railfans Association, which had organized railfan trips from the 1940s to the 1960s.

In 2004–2005, the organization's streetcar operations became the Minnesota Streetcar Museum, with the steamboat Minnehaha, originally built by TCRT in a style similar to its streetcars, becoming a major attraction of the Museum of Lake Minnetonka.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Ghanem Ibrahim al-Hassan
Ghanem Ibrahim al-Hassan was a Syrian Brigadier General who was shot and killed in Idlib by armed opposition fighters during the Syrian civil war, in the 2011 Idlib clashes, according to Syrian state media SANA. He had been training soldiers at the Assad Military Engineering Academy in the town of Saraqib in Idlib. According to SANA, al-Hasan was from Homs.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Nikolayevskoye Urban Settlement
Nikolayevskoye Urban Settlement is the name of several municipal formations in Russia.

Nikolayevskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the settlement of Nikolayevka and two rural localities in Smidovichsky District of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast are incorporated as

Nikolayevskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which Nikolayevsky Settlement Okrug in Nikolayevsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast is incorporated as

Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO) is a federal subject of Russia in the far east of the country, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China. Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan.

The JAO was designated by a Soviet official decree in 1928, and officially established in 1934. At its height, in the late 1940s, the Jewish population in the region peaked around 46,000–50,000, approximately 25% of its population. Since then, the share of Jews steadily declined, and according to the 2021 Russian census, there were only 837 ethnic Jews left in the JAO (0.6%).

Article 65 of the Constitution of Russia provides that the JAO is Russia's only autonomous oblast. It is one of two officially Jewish jurisdictions in the world, the other being Israel. It is one of the few places in the world where Yiddish is a recognized minority language.
Helen Vendler
Helen Vendler (née Hennessy; April 30, 1933 – April 23, 2024) was an American academic, writer and literary critic. She was a professor of English language and history at Boston University, Cornell, Harvard, and other universities.

Her academic focus was critical analysis of poetry and she studied poets from Shakespeare and George Herbert to modern poets such as Wallace Stevens and Seamus Heaney. Her technique was close reading, which she described as "reading from the point of view of a writer".

Vendler reviewed poetry regularly for periodicals including The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. She was also a regular judge for the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize and so was influential in determining writers' reputation and success.

Close reading
In literary criticism, close reading is the careful, sustained interpretation of a brief passage of a text. It emphasizes the particular over the general, paying precise attention to individual words, syntax, and the order in which the sentences unfold ideas, as well as the formal structures of the text.

Close reading involves considering both what is said in a passage (content) and how it is said (form), in order to make observations and offer interpretive insight.
Pennridge–Quakertown Thanksgiving Day Football Classic
The Pennridge–Quakertown Thanksgiving Day Football Classic is an American high school football rivalry played annually on Thanksgiving morning between the Rams of Pennridge High School (Perkasie, PA) and the Panthers of Quakertown Community High School (Quakertown, PA). The rivalry has been played uninterrupted every Thanksgiving morning since the inaugural meeting in Quakertown on November 27, 1930, with the exception of the 1989 game which was postponed two days due to a snowstorm. Quakertown High School hosts the contest on even years while Pennridge High School (formerly Sellersville-Perkasie High School) hosts on odd years. Kickoff time is traditionally set at 10:15 am EST.

Thanksgiving
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in October and November in the United States, Canada, Saint Lucia, Liberia, and unofficially in countries like Germany. It is also observed in the Australian territory of Norfolk Island. It began as a day of giving thanks for the blessings of the harvest and of the preceding year. Various similarly named harvest festival holidays occur throughout the world during autumn. Although Thanksgiving has historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, it has long been celebrated as a secular holiday as well.
Quebec Route 321
Route 321 is a regional road in Quebec, Canada, that consists of two unconnected sections: one in Papineau Regional County Municipality that runs from Papineauville to Duhamel, and a second section of the road goes from Nominingue to L'Ascension in the Antoine-Labelle Regional County Municipality; there's 67 to 72 km in between (depending on the route).

The portion north of Chénéville in Papineau RCM is still unmarked on some maps, but it is signed on the road, and is very sinuous. On most of the Chénéville-Duhamel part, it is impossible to reach the 90 km/h speed. In fact it is most of the time a 50–70 km/h speed limit road. It is frequented by campers who go to the Lac Simon recreational center during the summer.

Papineauville
Papineauville (French pronunciation: [papinovil]) is a town and municipality in the Outaouais region of Quebec, Canada. It is the seat of the Papineau Regional County Municipality. In 2001 its population was 2247.

The municipality is bordered on the north side by the Petite-Nation River and on the south side by Pentecost Bay of the Ottawa River.
SAPPHIRE
SAPPHIRE (Stanford AudioPhonic PHotographic IR Experiment, also called Navy-OSCAR 45)  was a satellite built by the Stanford University students in Palo Alto, California.

The satellite was launched on September 30, 2001 together with Starshine 3, PICOSat and PCSat on an Athena 1 rocket at the Kodiak Launch Complex, Alaska, United States.

Its purpose was the training of students, the operation of an infrared sensor, a digital camera, a speech synthesizer and from 2002 the operation of an APRS digipeater. He also served to train midshipmen of the US Naval Academy in the field of satellite control.

The satellite's mission ended in early 2005.

Repeater
In telecommunications, a repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it. Repeaters are used to extend transmissions so that the signal can cover longer distances or be received on the other side of an obstruction. Some types of repeaters broadcast an identical signal, but alter its method of transmission, for example, on another frequency or baud rate.

There are several different types of repeaters; a telephone repeater is an amplifier in a telephone line, an optical repeater is an optoelectronic circuit that amplifies the light beam in an optical fiber cable; and a radio repeater is a radio receiver and transmitter that retransmits a radio signal.

A broadcast relay station is a repeater used in broadcast radio and television.
Lord George Beresford
Lieutenant-General Lord George Thomas de la Poer Beresford, GCH, PC (12 February 1781 – 26 October 1839) was an Anglo-Irish soldier, courtier and politician. He served as Comptroller of the Household from 1812 to 1830.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Input offset voltage
The input offset voltage () is a parameter defining the differential DC voltage required between the inputs of an amplifier, especially an operational amplifier (op-amp), to make the output zero (for voltage amplifiers, 0 volts with respect to ground or between differential outputs, depending on the output type).

Differential amplifier
A differential amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier that amplifies the difference between two input voltages but suppresses any voltage common to the two inputs. It is an analog circuit with two inputs  and  and one output , in which the output is ideally proportional to the difference between the two voltages:

where  is the gain of the amplifier.

Single amplifiers are usually implemented by either adding the appropriate feedback resistors to a standard op-amp, or with a dedicated integrated circuit containing internal feedback resistors. It is also a common sub-component of larger integrated circuits handling analog signals.
Dão-Lafões
Viseu Dão-Lafões is a Portuguese subregion located in the north of the Central Region. In 2021, the subregion recorded 252,984 inhabitants and a population density of 78 inhabitants per km2. The subregion has an area of 3,238 km2, which can be divided into 14 municipalities and 156 parishes. The capital of the subregion is the city of Viseu, which is the largest city in the subregion and the third largest city in the Central Region, with 99,561 inhabitants in the entire municipality and 59,469 inhabitants in the urban area. It borders the Porto metropolitan area to the northwest, the Tâmega e Sousa subregion to the north, the Douro subregion to the northeast, the Beiras e Serra da Estrela subregion to the east, the Região de Coimbra subregion to the south and the Região de Aveiro subregion to the west.

Região de Aveiro
The Comunidade Intermunicipal da Região de Aveiro (Intermunicipal Aveiro Region) is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in October 2008, replacing the previously existing Greater Metropolitan Area of Aveiro. Since January 2015, Região de Aveiro is also a NUTS3 subregion of Centro Region, that covers the same area as the intermunicipal community. The main city and seat of the intermunicipal community is Aveiro. The population in 2011 was 370,394, in an area of 1,692.86 square kilometres (653.62 sq mi).