hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Katzwang
Katzwang, formerly a separate municipality, has been a part of Nuremberg in Bavaria, Germany, since 1 July 1972.  It is located on a ford across the Rednitz river, in the south of the city (approx. 8 km away from the center).

The village was mentioned for the first time in the year 1152. It belonged at that point to Ellwangen Abbey, which sold it to Ebrach Abbey in 1296.

The church of Saint Mary still contains medieval work, in particular the ossuary (German: "Karner") and the walls of the churchyard.

The Rhine-Main-Danube canal, a navigable waterway linking the Main and Danube rivers, passes to the north of Katzwang. On 26 March 1979, while still under construction, the canal burst its banks close to Katzwang and flooded the village, killing a 12-year-old girl and causing widespread property damage.

Rednitz
The Rednitz (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeːdnɪts]) is a 46 km (29 mi) long river in Franconia, Germany, tributary of the Regnitz (more precisely: its southern, left headstream).  Slightly richer in water than the other source river Pegnitz and also richer in tributaries, it is hydrographically regarded as the upper reaches of the Regnitz, although the longest flow path in its system is approx. 3 km shorter than that in the Pegnitz system. The Rednitz is formed by the confluence of the rivers Franconian Rezat and Swabian Rezat, in Georgensgmünd (district of Roth). The Rednitz flows north through Roth bei Nürnberg, Schwabach and the southwestern quarters of Nuremberg. The Rednitz joins the Pegnitz to form the Regnitz in Fürth.

The river first appeared in written sources in the 8th century with the Latin name Radantia. In the 11th century, the name of the river was given as Ratenza.
Cerate
Cerate, historically simple cerate, (from Latin cera "wax") is an unctuous preparation for external application, of a consistency intermediate between that of an ointment and a plaster.  It can be spread upon cloth without the use of heat, but does not melt when applied to the skin.

Cerate consists essentially of wax (for which resin, lead acetate or spermaceti is sometimes substituted) mixed with oil, lard, and various medicinal ingredients. The cerate of the United States Pharmacopoeia is a mixture of three parts of paraffin and seven parts of lard.

Wax
Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic solids that are  malleable near ambient temperatures.  They include higher alkanes and lipids, typically with melting points above about 40 °C (104 °F), melting to give low viscosity liquids. Waxes are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as hexane, benzene and chloroform.  Natural waxes of various types are produced by plants and animals and occur in petroleum.
She Used to Be Mine (Brooks & Dunn song)
"She Used To Be Mine" is a song written by Ronnie Dunn, and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn.  It was released in August 1993 as the third single from their album Hard Workin' Man.  The song reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, becoming their fifth Number One single.

Ronnie Dunn
Ronald Gene Dunn (born June 1, 1953) is an American country music singer-songwriter and record executive. Starting in 2011, Dunn has worked as a solo artist following the temporary dissolution of Brooks & Dunn. He released his self-titled debut album for Arista Nashville on June 7, 2011, reaching the Top 10 with its lead-off single, "Bleed Red". After leaving Arista Nashville in 2012, Dunn founded Little Will-E Records. On April 8, 2014, Ronnie Dunn released his second solo album, Peace, Love, and Country Music through Little Will-E Records. On November 11, 2016, he released his third album Tattooed Heart on NASH Icon label. His fourth album Re-Dunn was released on January 10, 2020.

In 2019, Dunn was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame as a member of Brooks & Dunn.
Marvin Eugene Smith
Marvin Eugene Smith (born 1952) is an American songwriter, executive and producer. He is a former protege of Motown producer Norman Jesse Whitfield. He has been active in the music industry for 40 years.

His songs have been recorded by a diverse range of artists that include Jerry Butler ("The Devil in Mrs. Jones" Motown 1977) to Rose Royce ("You're A Winner" Whitfield-Warner 1980, "Somehow We Made It Through the Rain" Epic 1981) to Trey Songz ("Gotta Go" Capital 2004) to Charlie Wilson ("There Goes My Baby" BMG 2009) to Mario, Chris Brown and Nicki Minaj ("Somebody Else" RCA 2013).

Charlie Wilson (singer)
Charles Kent Wilson (born January 29, 1953), also known as Uncle Charlie, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer who served as lead vocalist for the Gap Band from its 1967 formation until its 2010 disbandment. As a solo act, Wilson has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards and 11 NAACP Image Awards (including two wins), received a 2009 Soul Train Icon Award, and was a recipient of a BMI Icon Award in 2005. In 2009 and 2020, he was named Billboard magazine's No. 1 Adult R&B Artist, and his song "There Goes My Baby" was named the No. 1 Urban Adult Song for 2009 in Billboard.

On June 30, 2013, BET honored Wilson with a Lifetime Achievement Award. Wilson is the national spokesman of the Prostate Cancer Foundation, where there is a Creativity Award in his name. The organization donates hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to cancer research across the United States.
Brickens
Brickens is a village and townland on the N60 road between Ballyhaunis and Claremorris in southeast County Mayo in Ireland. The River Robe flows through the village which is 65 metres above sea level, and old ordnance survey maps show the townland with an area of 368 acres and 23 perches – equivalent to nearly 150 hectares.

It is in the civil parish and Catholic parish of Bekan and in the former barony of Costello. The area surrounding the village is devoted to agriculture. Brickens is a 30-kilometre drive from Ireland West Airport.

Parish (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a parish (Latin: parochia) is a stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a parish priest (Latin: parochus), under the authority of the diocesan bishop. It is the lowest ecclesiastical subdivision in the Catholic episcopal polity, and the primary constituent unit of a diocese or eparchy. Parishes are extant in both the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches. In the 1983 Code of Canon Law, parishes are constituted under cc. 515–552, entitled "Parishes, Pastors, and Parochial Vicars."
Henri Rousseau
Henri Julien Félix Rousseau (French: [ɑ̃ʁi ʒyljɛ̃ feliks ʁuso]; 21 May 1844 – 2 September 1910) was a French post-Impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer), a humorous description of his occupation as a toll and tax collector. He started painting seriously in his early forties; by age 49, he retired from his job to work on his art full-time.

Ridiculed during his lifetime by critics, he came to be recognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high artistic quality. Rousseau's work exerted an extensive influence on several generations of avant-garde artists.

Pierre Loti
Pierre Loti (French: [pjɛʁ lɔti]; pseudonym of Louis Marie-Julien Viaud [lwi maʁi ʒyljɛ̃ vjo]; 14 January 1850 – 10 June 1923) was a French naval officer and novelist, known for his exotic novels and short stories.
History of Île-de-France
The Île-de-France is a province of France encompassing the north-central departments of Val-d’Oise, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis, Ville-de-Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Essonne, and Yvelines. It is bounded by the regions of Picardy (Picardie) to the north, Champagne-Ardenne to the east, Burgundy (Bourgogne) to the southeast, Centre to the south, and Haute-Normandie to the northwest. Its capital is Paris and it has an area of 4,637 square miles (12,011 square km), and a population of 11,491,000 (2006).

Val-d'Oise
Val-d'Oise (French: [val dwaz] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Oise') is a department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It was created in 1968 following the split of the Seine-et-Oise department. In 2019, Val-d'Oise had a population of 1,249,674.

It is named after the river Oise, a major tributary of the Seine, which crosses the region after having started in Belgium and flowed through Northeastern France. Val-d'Oise is Île-de-France's northernmost department. Charles de Gaulle Airport, France's main international airport, is partially located in Roissy-en-France, a commune of Val-d'Oise.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 95.
Elizabeth Whitehead (artist)
Elizabeth Whitehead (21 November 1854 – 18 June 1934) was an English painter known for her flower paintings. Her work is in the public collections of the Leamington Spa Art Gallery & Museum and Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum in England and the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.

Whitehead was born in Royal Leamington Spa in 1854, the Whitehead family lived at 3 Lansdowne Terrace. She studied at the Leamington School of Art then travelled to Paris with her brother Frederick Whitehead to attend the Académie Julian. She exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts and the Society of British Artists.

Whitehead died in Leamington on 18 June 1934.

Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum
The Russell-Cotes Museum (formally, the Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum) is an art gallery and museum in Bournemouth, England. A Grade II* listed building originally known as East Cliff Hall, it is located on the top of the East Cliff, next to the Royal Bath Hotel.
William Harrison Folsom
William Harrison Folsom (March 25, 1815 – March 19, 1901) was an architect and contractor. He constructed many of the historic buildings in Utah, particularly in Salt Lake City. Many of his most prominent works were commissioned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). For a time he was sustained as the Church Architect, a calling in the church.

Common consent
Common consent is a democratic principle established by Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, who taught in 1830 that "all things must be done in order, and by common consent in the church, by the prayer of faith."
Louis Méthot
Louis Méthot (1793 – October 16, 1859) was a Quebec businessman and political figure.

He was born Louis Méthotte at Pointe-aux-Trembles, Lower Canada in 1793. Méthot was a merchant at Sainte-Croix. He served in the local militia during the War of 1812, becoming lieutenant. He was named justice of the peace. Méthot also served as commissioner for the construction of a bridge over the Chaudière River and a road in the region of Sainte-Croix. In 1830, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for Lotbinière, supporting the parti patriote, and was reelected in 1834. Méthot voted in support of the Ninety-Two Resolutions. In 1848, he was appointed to the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada; he was removed for non-attendance in 1857.

He died at Sainte-Croix in 1859.

His brothers François-Xavier and Antoine-Prosper were members of the legislative assembly for the Province of Canada.

Neuville, Quebec
Neuville (French pronunciation: [nøvil]) is a village on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River, just west of Quebec City, part of the Portneuf Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada. It was founded in 1684.
Kadiri Babu Rao
Kadiri Babu Rao is an Indian politician from the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was the former Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the Kanigiri Assembly constituency representing Telugu Desam Party (TDP). He began his political career in the TDP in mid 1980s and later shifted to YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) in 2020.

YSR Congress Party
The Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party (lit. 'Youth, Labour, and Farmer Congress Party', YSRCP or YCP), often shortened to simply the YSR Congress Party, is an Indian regional political party based in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The party was initially registered with Election Commission of India by Kolishetti Shiva Kumar. Thereafter, the party was taken over by its current president, Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, having served as the state's chief minister from 2019-2024. It currently has 4 seats in the Lok Sabha.
Pont du Fahs Airfield
Pont du Fahs  Airfield is an abandoned military airfield in Tunisia, which was located approximately 6 km west-southwest of El Fahs, and 55 km southwest of Tunis.

A Luftwaffe-held airfield prior to the Operation Torch landings, it was home to the  5.(Pz.)/Schlachtgeschwader 1, flying Henschel Hs 129 ground attack aircraft.  It was captured by British parachute infantry forces on 29 November 1942. Once in Allied hands, it was used by B-17 Flying Fortress heavy bombers of the United States Army Air Force XII Bomber Command 97th Bombardment Group.

The 97th moved out in mid-August 1943 and after that the airfield was largely abandoned. Today some evidence of the airfield remains with the main runway being visible in aerial photography and traces of taxiways and disbursement hardstands.

XII Bomber Command
XII Bomber Command is an inactive United States Army Air Forces formation.  Its last assignment was with the Twelfth Air Force, based in Corsica, France.  It was constituted on 26 February 1942, activated on 13 March 1942, and inactivated on 10 June 1944.
Steaz
Steaz, a brand of organic green tea-based beverages, was established in 2002 by co-founders Steven Kessler and Eric Schnell. The Steaz brand, headquartered in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, is currently owned by the privately held Healthy Beverage Company.

Green tea
Green tea is a type of tea made from the leaves and buds of the Camellia sinensis that have not undergone the withering and oxidation process that creates oolong teas and black teas. Green tea originated in China in the late 1st millennium BC, and since then its production and manufacture has spread to other countries in East Asia.

Several varieties of green tea exist, which differ substantially based on the variety of C. sinensis used, growing conditions, horticultural methods, production processing, and time of harvest. While it may slightly lower blood pressure and improve alertness, current scientific evidence does not support most health benefit claims, and excessive intake of green tea extracts can cause liver damage and other side effects.
Tony Penberthy
Anthony Leonard Penberthy (born 1 September 1969) is a former cricketer who spent his entire career at Northamptonshire County Cricket Club. He joined the club in 1989. In 1992 he helped Northamptonshire to win the NatWest Trophy. He received his county cap in 1994 and was released in 2003. Penberthy continued Minor County cricket for Norfolk and Cornwall until 2006.

1992 NatWest Trophy
The 1992 NatWest Trophy was the 12th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 24 June and 5 September 1992. The tournament was won by Northamptonshire County Cricket Club who defeated Leicestershire County Cricket Club by 8 wickets in the final at Lord's.
Bassa Friulana
The Bassa Friulana is a low-lying and level area of Friuli, specifically the very southern part of the provinces of Pordenone, Udine and Gorizia in the north-eastern Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

It is well known for its beaches (such as those of Grado, Grado Pineta, Lignano Sabbiadoro, Lignano Pineta and Lignano Riviera), and for its lagoons (such as those of Grado and Marano Lagunare). There is a unique example of industrial archaeology at Torviscosa. Palmanova is a small Renaissance town shaped as a star. Monfalcone has important shipyards.

The Roman and medieval town of Aquileia is of great historical importance. In both Roman and present times, the Bassa Friulana was a highly productive farmland, but during the twelve centuries between the two periods, this land was depopulated.

Marano Lagunare
Marano Lagunare (Friulian: Maran) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Udine.

Marano Lagunare borders the following municipalities: Carlino, Grado, Latisana, Lignano Sabbiadoro, Muzzana del Turgnano, Palazzolo dello Stella, Precenicco, San Giorgio di Nogaro.
Albert Camille Vital
Brigadier General Albert Camille Vital (born 18 July 1952) is a Malagasy army officer, politician and civil engineer who was Prime Minister of Madagascar from 2009 to 2011 after the 2009 coup d'état. He is the president of Parti Hiaraka Isika.

Madagascar Armed Forces
The Madagascar Armed Forces (French: Forces armées de Madagascar, Malagasy: Tafika Malagasy) is the national military of Madagascar. The IISS detailed the armed forces in 2012 as including an Army of 12,500+, a Navy of 500, and a 500-strong Air Force.

The armed forces were involved in the 2009 Malagasy political crisis and the 2025 Malagasy protests, playing a central role in the subsequent 2025 Malagasy mutiny. During World War II, Malagasy troops fought in France, Morocco, and Syria.
Gösta Forssell
Carl Gustaf "Gösta" Abrahamsson Forssell (2 March 1876 – 13 November 1950) was a Swedish medical researcher and professor in radiology and radiotherapy. He headed the radium clinic at Serafimerlasarettet in Stockholm and then its successor Radiumhemmet. His publications defined what became known as the "Stockholm method" of cancer therapy.

Serafimerlasarettet
Serafimerlasarettet (Seraphim Hospital), popularly known as Serafen,  was the first modern hospital in Sweden. It was located in Kungsholmen in Stockholm and active from 1752 to 1980. The current building still houses the local emergency department of Serafen.

The hospital is mentioned in Carl Michael Bellman's 1790 song "Ge rum i Bröllopsgåln din hund!", Fredman's Epistle no. 40, where even the priest at the wedding party steals from the collection meant for the hospital; and in Epistle 48, "Solen glimmar blank och trind", where it is one of the sights seen from Ulla Winblad's boat as she returns from Hessingen in Lake Mälaren to Stockholm.

The Serafimerlasarettet as it looked in 1868, from across Klara Sjö

The original hospital building, Hornska huset, purchased 1749

The hospital gate, built 1792
Uncobasidium roseocremeum
Uncobasidium roseocremeum is a species of crust fungus in the family Meruliaceae. Found in  South America, it was described as a new species in 2012 by mycologists Sergio Gorjón, Alina Greslebin, and Mario Rajchenberg. The holotype was collected in Nahuel Huapi National Park, Argentina, where it was found growing on the bark of a living tree of Saxegothaea conspicua. The specific epithet roseocremeum refers to the colour of the fruit body—cream with pinkish tints. Microscopic features of the fungus include its basidia that have two sterigma and lateral protuberances, encrusted hyphae that resemble paraphyses, and spherical spores.

Basidium
A basidium (pl.: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group. These bodies are also called tertiary mycelia, which are highly coiled versions of secondary mycelia. A basidium usually bears four sexual spores called basidiospores. Occasionally the number may be two or even eight. Each reproductive spore is produced at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (pl. sterigmata), and is forcefully expelled at full growth.

The word basidium literally means "little pedestal". This is the way the basidium supports the spores. However, some biologists suggest that the structure looks more like a club. A partially grown basidium is known as a basidiole.
Federica Rossi
Federica Rossi (born 7 June 2001) is an Italian professional tennis player.

She has career-high rankings by the WTA of 605 in singles (July 2022) and 531 in doubles (August 2022). She has won two doubles titles on ITF-level in Monastir in 2020, partnering Nuria Brancaccio, and Antalya in 2021, partnering María Paulina Pérez.

Rossi made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2019 Palermo Ladies Open, in the doubles draw, partnering Elisabetta Cocciaretto.

María Paulina Pérez
María Paulina Pérez García (born 10 January 1996) is a Colombian professional tennis player.
On 28 August 2023, she peaked at No. 115 in the WTA doubles rankings.
On 12 September 2022, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 619. 
Pérez has won one doubles title on the WTA Tour and 13 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for Colombia, Pérez has a win–loss record of 13–15 in Billie Jean King Cup competition (as of September 2024).
Historical Ryan STA
The Historical Ryan STA was an American homebuilt aircraft that was designed and produced by the Historical Aircraft Corporation of Nucla, Colorado. The aircraft was an 85% scale replica of the original Ryan STA and when it was available was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Les Enfants terribles (opera)
Les Enfants terribles is a danced chamber opera for four voices and three pianos (grand pianos or electronic), composed in 1996 by Philip Glass, to a French-language libretto by the composer, in collaboration with the American choreographer Susan Marshall, after Jean Cocteau's eponymous novel published in 1929 and Jean-Pierre Melville's 1950 film. Commissioned by the "Steps" dance festival organized by the Pour-cent culturel Migros in several Swiss cities, this is the last part of a trilogy in homage to the French poet after Orphée (1993) and La Belle et la Bête (1994). The world premiere of the work took place on 18 May 1996 in Zug conducted by Karen Kamensek.

Les Enfants terribles (film)
Les Enfants terribles (French pronunciation: [lez‿ɑ̃fɑ̃ teʁibl]; literal English translation: The Terrible Children; English title: The Strange Ones) is a 1950 French film directed by Jean-Pierre Melville, with a screenplay adapted by Jean Cocteau from his 1929 novel of the same name about the tangled relationship of a close brother and sister.

The film's soundtrack of Vivaldi concertos was unusual at the time and praised for its use in increasing the dramatic tension of the plot.

Cocteau provided the voice-over narration of the film.