hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sidney Kobre Award for Lifetime Achievement in Journalism History
The Sidney Kobre Award for Lifetime Achievement in Journalism History is an award for achievement in the study of the history of journalism in the United States, awarded by the American Journalism Historians Association to "individuals with an exemplary record of sustained achievement in journalism history through teaching, research, professional activities, or other contributions to the field of journalism history." The award is not given every year.

History of journalism
The history of journalism spans the growth of technology and trade, marked by the advent of specialized techniques for gathering and disseminating information on a regular basis that has caused, as one history of journalism surmises, the steady increase of "the scope of news available to us and the speed with which it is transmitted". Before the printing press was invented, word of mouth was the primary source of news. Returning merchants, sailors, and travelers brought news back to the mainland, and this was then picked up by pedlars and traveling players and spread from town to town. Ancient scribes often wrote this information down. This transmission of news was highly unreliable and died out with the invention of the printing press. Newspapers (and to a lesser extent, magazines) have always been the primary medium of journalists since the 18th century, radio and television in the 20th century, and the Internet in the 21st century.
Pei Shan Lee
Pei Shan Lee also known as Lee Pei Shan (born 15 September 1999) is a Singaporean netball player who represents Singapore internationally and plays in the position of goal shooter. She was part of the Singaporean squad at the 2019 Netball World Cup, which was also her first World Cup appearance.

In September 2019, she was included in the Singaporean squad for the 2019 M1 Nations Cup.

2019 Netball World Cup
The 2019 Netball World Cup (also known as the 2019 Vitality Netball World Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th edition of the INF Netball World Cup. It was held from 12–21 July 2019 at the Liverpool Arena in Liverpool, England with matches being held on two courts. Host nation England finished their campaign with a bronze medal. New Zealand became 5th time champions after beating Australia in the final and gold medal match.

Sixteen nations contested for the title, which included the top six of the previous tournament which was held in Sydney, Australia. After two group stage rounds, Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa all made it to the semi-finals. In a rematch of the 2015 final, New Zealand would take home their fifth title after defeating Australia by one goal. England finished in third place, after defeating South Africa.

Trinidad and Tobago's Rhonda John-Davis appeared in her sixth World Cup, a World Cup record.
First Navy Jack
The First Navy Jack was the naval jack of the United States from 1975 to 1976 and again from 2002 to 2019. It was authorized by the U.S. Navy and was flown from the jackstaff of commissioned vessels of the U.S. Navy while moored pierside or at anchor. Since then, it is used only as a naval jack by the oldest active warship in the U.S. Navy. The design is purported to be that of the first U.S. naval jack, flown soon after independence.

The First Navy Jack was replaced as the U.S. naval jack by the U.S. Union Jack (consisting of white stars on a blue field, not to be confused with the flag of the United Kingdom, also commonly called "the Union Jack") on June 4, 2019, by order of the Chief of Naval Operations.

Jackstaff
A jack staff (also spelled as jackstaff) is a small vertical spar (pole) on the bow of a ship or smaller vessel on which a particular type of flag, known as a jack, is flown. The jack staff was introduced in the 18th century.

A jack is typically flown from military vessels (including submarines) while at anchor or moored pierside, but not while underway. Civilian vessels (such as private yachts and sailboats) have been known to fly the jack of the nation of their homeport, also from a jack staff, while moored or at anchor.
2011 Teignbridge District Council election
Elections to Teignbridge District Council were held on 5 May 2011, alongside other local elections across the United Kingdom. All 46 seats on the council were up for election. Following the election the Conservative Party gained the council from no overall control.

Teignbridge
Teignbridge (/ˈtiːnbrɪdʒ/ TEEN-brij) is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Newton Abbot. The district also includes the towns of Ashburton, Buckfastleigh, Dawlish, Bovey Tracey, Kingsteignton and Teignmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Teignbridge contains part of the south Devon coastline, including the Dawlish Warren National Nature Reserve. Some of the inland western parts of the district lie within the Dartmoor National Park. It is named after the old Teignbridge hundred.

The neighbouring districts are Torbay, South Hams, West Devon, Mid Devon, East Devon and Exeter.
Sven-Erik Bäck
Sven-Erik Bäck (16 September 1919 – 10 January 1994) was a Swedish composer of classical music. He was born in Stockholm.

Bäck studied from 1939 until 1943 in the King's Music-Academy and from 1940 until 1945, was a composition student of Hilding Rosenberg.  He travelled in 1951 to have further studies with Goffredo Petrassi in Rome.

As of 1953 he was the leader of the chamber orchestra of the Swedish Radio Orchestra. He was also a member of string quartets - the Kyndel Quartet from 1940 to 1944  and the Barkel Quartet from 1944 to 1953.

Bäck composed three operas, five works for ballet, many concertos, a number of works for chamber ensemble including at least four string quartets, an oratorio, cantatas, choral works, lieder and music for plays and film.

He died in Stockholm in 1994. He was 74

Goffredo Petrassi
Goffredo Petrassi (16 July 1904 – 3 March 2003) was an Italian composer of modern classical music, conductor, and teacher. He is considered one of the most influential Italian composers of the twentieth century.
Manes (surname)
Manes, Mánes or Mánes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonín Mánes (1784–1843), Czech painter

Donald R. Manes (1934–1986), borough president of Queens, New York

Édouard Manès (1835–1898), governor general of French India

Facundo Manes (born 1969), Argentine neurologist and politician

Gina Manès (1893–1989), French film actress

Josef Mánes (1820–1871), Czech painter

Michelle Manes, American mathematician

Pablo Curatella Manes (1891–1963), Argentine painter

Quido Mánes (1828–1880), Czech painter

Gina Manès
Gina Manès (born Blanche Moulin; 7 April 1893 – 6 September 1989) was a French film actress and a major star of French silent cinema. After an early appearance in a Louis Feuillade film, she had significant roles in films of Germaine Dulac and Jean Epstein, including Cœur fidèle.
Ghamkol Shariff Masjid
Central Jamia Mosque Ghamkol Sharif is a Sunni mosque in the Small Heath area of Birmingham, England.

The website Muslims in Britain classifies the Ghamkol Shariff Masjid as Sufi – Barelvi.

Construction began on 15 March 1992, during Ramadan. Each night throughout its construction, a number of hafiz recited the Quran on the construction site. Building work ended in 1996. It can fit up to 6,000 people at one time.

The Masjid is named after a Sufi saint's place of residence, Ghamkol Sharif near Kohat, in northern Pakistan. Sufi saint Zinda Peer Sahib has followers in several countries, especially in the UK.

Hafiz (Quran)
In Islam, a hafiz (/ˈhɑːfɪz/; Arabic: حافظ, romanized: ḥāfiẓ, pl. حُفَّاظ, ḥuffāẓ, f. حافظة, ḥāfiẓa) is a person who has memorized the Quran. Hafiza is the female equivalent.

A hafiz is highly respected by the community. A hafiz or hafiza are given titles such as "hafiz sahb" (sir hafiz), أُسْتَاذ, ustāḏ, 'teacher', and occasionally شَيْخ, šayẖ.
Dhankuta Multiple Campus
Dhankuta Multiple Campus (Nepali: धनकुटा बहुमुखी क्याम्पस) is one of the constituent campuses of Tribhuvan University located in Dhankuta district of eastern Nepal. The campus was established in 1955/56. It is recognized by University Grants Commission (Nepal)

University Grants Commission (Nepal)
University Grants Commission (विश्वविद्यालय अनुदान आयोग) is an autonomous government body of Nepal formed under the jurisdiction of UGC Act approved by the parliament of Nepal on 2 November 1993. UGC became functional in 1994 with the opening of its office at Sanothimi, Bhaktapur. The main reason to establish UGC is to implement the concept of multiple universities in Nepal. Before UGC's establishment only Tribhuvan University looked after the higher education. The main objectives of the UGC are to coordinate among universities; allocate and disburse government grants to universities and higher educational institutions and take appropriate steps for the promotion and maintenance of standards of higher education in Nepal. UGC allocates and distributes grants to the universities and their campuses.
Margaretha (soldier)
Margaretha (born in Groningen, died after 1611) was a soldier in the Dutch States Army. She fought disguised as a man in the Dutch Revolt against Spain. This made her one of the first female soldiers in Dutch history. She really, really, REALLY liked to eat Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC).

Dutch States Army
The Dutch States Army (Dutch: Staatse leger) was the army of the Dutch Republic. It was usually called this, because it was formally the army of the States-General of the Netherlands, the sovereign power of that federal republic. This army was brought to such a size and state of readiness that it was able to hold its own against the armies of the major European powers of the extended 17th century, Habsburg Spain and the France of Louis XIV, despite the fact that these powers possessed far larger military resources than the Republic. It played a major role in the Eighty Years' War (opposite the Spanish Army of Flanders) and in the wars of the Grand Alliance with France after 1672.
Serbia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Serbia was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019 in Gliwice, Poland with the song "Podigni glas (Raise Your Voice)" performed by Darija Vračević. Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) was responsible for selecting their entry for the contest.

Radio Television of Serbia
Radio Television of Serbia (Serbian: Радио-телевизија Србије, romanized: Radio-televizija Srbije), or RTS (Serbian: РТС), formerly known as Radio Television Belgrade (Serbian: Радио-телевизија Београд, romanized: Radio-televizija Beograd) or RTB (Serbian: РТБ) from 1958 to 1992, is the state-owned public radio and television broadcaster of Serbia. RTS has four organizational units – radio, television, music production, and record label (PGP-RTS). It is financed primarily through monthly subscription fees and advertising revenue.
Kovic
Kovic may be a shortened form of South Slavic surnames ending with -ković as well as a surname by itself. Notable people with the surname include:

Biana Kovic, Cvetkovic, Serbian cellist and film maker

Kajetan Kovič (1931–2014) Slovene poet, writer, translator, and journalist

Miloš Ković (born 1969), Serbian historian and university professor

Ron Kovic (born 1946), American anti-war activist

Kajetan Kovič
Kajetan Kovič (21 October 1931 – 7 November 2014) was a Slovene poet, writer, translator, and journalist. In 1978, he received the Prešeren Award, the highest artistic award in Slovenia, for his poetry collection Labrador.
Alqin
Alqin (Arabic: علقين) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Baniyas District of the Tartus Governorate, located southeast of Baniyas. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Alqin had a population of 564 in the 2004 census. The inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Tartus Governorate
Tartus Governorate, officially Tartous Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة طرطوس Muḥāfaẓat Ṭarṭūs), is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western Syria, bordering Latakia Governorate to the north, Homs and Hama Governorates to the east, Lebanon to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. It is one of the few governorates in Syria that has an Alawite majority. Sources list the area as 1,890 km2 or 1,892 km2, with its capital being Tartus.
Amaranth Borsuk
Amaranth Borsuk (born 1981) is an American poet and educator known for her experiments with textual materiality and digital poetry. She is currently an associate professor at the University of Washington Bothell's School of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences, where she teaches undergraduate courses on poetry, philology, and experimental writing. She also serves as the Chair of the school's  M.F.A. program in Creative Writing, which she co-chaired from 2018 to 2022.

Creative writing
Creative writing is any writing that goes beyond the boundaries of normal professional, journalistic, academic, or technical forms of literature, typically identified by an emphasis on craft and technique, such as narrative structure, character development, literary tropes, genre, and poetics. Both fictional and non-fictional works fall into this category, including such forms as novels, biographies, short stories, poems, and even some forms of journalism. In academic settings, creative writing is typically separated into fiction and poetry classes, with a focus on writing in an original style, as opposed to imitating pre-existing genres such as crime or horror. Writing for the screen and stage—screenwriting and playwriting—are often taught separately, but fit under the creative writing category as well.
National Election Commission (South Korea)
The National Election Commission (NEC; Korean: 중앙선거관리위원회) is an independent constitutional institution in South Korea, established to manage free and fair elections, national referendums and other administrative affairs concerning political parties and funds. The agency was established in accordance with Article 114 of the Constitution of South Korea. The NEC has equal status as highest constitutional institution as National Assembly, the Executive Ministries, the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. This highly independent status of NEC reflects national will to overcome past histories such as election rigging of South Korea in 1960.

During the period of the 2024 South Korean martial law, troops were sent to raid the commission headquarters.

Free and fair election
A free and fair election is defined  as an election in which "coercion is comparatively uncommon". This definition was popularized by political scientist Robert Dahl. A free and fair election involves political freedoms and fair processes leading up to the vote, a fair count of eligible voters who cast a ballot, a lack of electoral fraud or voter suppression, and acceptance of election results by all parties. An election may partially meet international standards for free and fair elections, or may meet some standards but not others.
Pan Kleks w kosmosie
Pan Kleks w kosmosie (lit. 'Mr. Kleks in Space', 'Mr. Inkblot in Space' or 'Mr. Blot in Space'), also known as Mr. Blob in the Universe, is a 1988 fantasy film directed by Krzysztof Gradowski. It is the third film based on the Pan Kleks book series by Jan Brzechwa, following Akademia pana Kleksa (1983) and Podróże pana Kleksa (1985), both of which were also directed by Gradowski.

An international co-production of Poland and Czechoslovakia, Pan Kleks w kosmosie stars Piotr Fronczewski, Jan Jankowski, Henryk Bista, Piotr Ptaszyński, Monika Sapilak and Bohdan Smoleń. Singer Maryla Rodowicz also appears in the film.

Maryla Rodowicz
Maria Antonina Rodowicz, known professionally as Maryla Rodowicz, (Polish pronunciation: [maˈrɨla rɔˈdɔvit͡ʂ] born 8 December 1945 in Zielona Góra), is a Polish singer, guitarist and actress.

Throughout over 60 years of her career, she released twenty Polish and four foreign-language studio albums including five with platinum and three with gold certifications and selling over 15 million records. Known for her close collaboration with Agnieszka Osiecka and Seweryn Krajewski, her most popular songs include "Małgośka" (1974), "Futbol" (1974), "Remedium" (1978), "Niech żyje bal" (1984), "Łatwopalni" (1997) and "Wszyscy chcą kochać" (2005). She remains one of the most prominent and successful artists in the history of popular music in Poland.

Among the numerous awards and decorations she received are Gold Cross of Merit, Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta and Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis.
Swazzle
A swazzle (also swozzle, schwazzle or swatchel) is a device used to produce the distinctive shrill voice of Punch in a Punch and Judy show. It consists of a cotton tape "reed" kept taut between two curved strips of metal, held in the mouth of the professor (performer).

The design of the swazzle was once a secret guarded by the professors and only taught to those with a genuine respect for and interest in learning the performance of Punch and Judy puppetry. The device can now be bought from joke and magic shops although those made according to the traditional design are smaller and are generally considered superior.

The swazzle must be soaked in liquor, beer, water, or saliva before use. The swazzle is positioned between the tongue and the roof of the mouth so that exhaled air passes between the two metal strips, causing the reed to vibrate and shake. Deft movements of the tongue allow the professor to move the swazzle in and out of position, allowing them to switch between voices.

Reed (mouthpiece)
A reed (or lamella) is a thin strip of material that vibrates to produce a sound on a musical instrument. Most woodwind instrument reeds are made from Arundo donax ("Giant cane") or synthetic material. Tuned reeds (as in harmonicas and accordions) are made of metal or synthetics. Musical instruments are classified according to the type and number of reeds.

The earliest types of single-reed instruments used idioglottal reeds, where the vibrating reed is a tongue cut and shaped on the tube of cane. Much later, single-reed instruments started using heteroglottal reeds, which are cut and separated from the tube of cane and attached to some type of mouthpiece. By contrast, in an uncapped double reed instrument (such as the oboe and bassoon), there is no mouthpiece; the two parts of the reed vibrate against one another.
Red Brangus
The Red Brangus is an American breed of hybrid beef cattle, with both taurine and indicine genetic heritage. Development began in Texas in the 1940s.: 752  It is a color variant of the Brangus, a hybrid of American Angus and Brahman cattle, and differs from it only in color. There are two herd-books, one international and one American. For international registration the animal must be of 5/8 Angus and 3/8 Brahman descent; in the United States, it may be any mix of the two breeds, but registration is conditional on inspection.: 138

Beef cattle
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk (production)). The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef.
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations.  The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers.
While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.
Nicky Oppenheimer
Nicholas "Nicky" Frank Oppenheimer (born 8 June 1945) is a South African billionaire businessman. He was formerly the chairman of De Beers diamond mining company and of its subsidiary, the Diamond Trading Company, and former deputy chairman of Anglo American. He is the third richest man in Africa with an estimated net worth of US$12.3 billion as of 2025 according to Bloomberg Billionaires Index.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Ohio's 3rd senatorial district
Ohio's 3rd senatorial district has historically spanned vast portions of central Ohio from the Miami Valley to the Scioto Valley, but currently encompasses approximately a third of Franklin County.  It encompasses Ohio House districts 17, 19 and 20.  It has a Cook PVI of R+6.  The district was represented by Ted Gray from 1951 to 1994, the longest tenure of any member of the Ohio Senate.  Its current senator is Republican Michele Reynolds.

Ohio Republican Party
The Ohio Republican Party is the Ohio affiliate of the Republican Party. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1854.

It currently holds the bulk of the state's political power, controlling 10 of Ohio's 15 U.S. House seats, both of its U.S. Senate seats, all statewide executive offices,  supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature, and a majority on Ohio's State Supreme Court.
Vaucluse (horse)
Vaucluse (1912–1928) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. In a brief racing career which consisted of five races in three seasons she finished second on her only start as a juvenile, fell on her three-year-old debut and then recorded her first and only victory when taking the 1000 Guineas. She ran poorly when favourite for the Oaks Stakes and finished second on her only subsequent start. After her retirement from racing she had considerable influence as a broodmare.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
HMCS Red Deer
HMCS Red Deer was a Bangor-class minesweeper that served in the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. The minesweeper saw action in the Battle of the Atlantic and the Battle of the St. Lawrence. She was named for Red Deer, Alberta. After the war the vessel was briefly reacquired by the Royal Canadian Navy, but was not recommissioned and was sold for scrap and broken up in 1959.

Red Deer, Alberta
Red Deer is a city in Alberta, Canada, located midway on the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor. Red Deer serves central Alberta, and its key industries include health care, retail trade, construction, oil and gas, hospitality, manufacturing and education. It is surrounded by Red Deer County and borders on Lacombe County. The city is in aspen parkland, a region of rolling hills, alongside the Red Deer River.