hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Late modern period
In many periodizations of human history, the late modern period followed the early modern period. It began around 1800 and, depending on the author, either ended with the beginning of contemporary history in 1945, or includes the contemporary history period to the present day.

Notable historical events in the late 18th century, that marked the transition from the early modern period to the late modern period, include: the American Revolution (1765–91), French Revolution (1789–99), and beginning of the Industrial Revolution around 1760.

Puppet state
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government is a state that is de jure independent but de facto completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders. Puppet states have nominal sovereignty, except that a foreign power effectively exercises control through economic or military support. By leaving a local government in existence the outside power evades all responsibility, while at the same time successfully paralysing the local government they tolerate.

Puppet states differ from allies, who choose their actions of their own initiative or in accordance with treaties they have voluntarily entered. Puppet states are forced into legally endorsing actions already taken by a foreign power.
Game Prattana
Game Prattana (Thai: เกมปรารถนา) is a Thai television drama starring Teeradetch Metawarayut, Nuttanicha Dungwattanawanich.
The drama is set to air on January 26, 2022, every Wednesday and Thursday at 20:30 (8:30 pm) on Channel 3. The first trailer was released on January 5, 2022, and the second trailer was released on January 18, 2022, by Channel 3.

In addition, Game Prattana is the one among other dramas that Channel 3 made a coperate releasing with Viu, for the international viewers.

Viu (streaming service)
Viu (pronounced as view) is a Hong Kong-based over-the-top video on demand streaming service from PCCW Media Group's Viu International Ltd. Operated in a dual-revenue model comprising subscriptions and advertising, Viu delivers content in different genres from Asia's top content providers with local language subtitles, as well as original production series under the Viu Original initiative (similar to original programming from other services like Disney+, Amazon Prime Video and Netflix).

Viu is now available in 16 markets across Asia, Africa, Oceania and the Middle East including Australia, Bahrain, Egypt, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, New Zealand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Oman, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, and United Arab Emirates. As of December 2022, Viu had 66.4 million monthly active users, including 12.2 million paying subscribers.
Bedfordite
The Bedford Whigs (or Bedfordites) were an 18th-century British political faction, led by John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford.  Other than Bedford himself, notable members included John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich; Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower; Richard Rigby, who served as principal Commons manager for the group; Thomas Thynne, 3rd Viscount Weymouth; Edward Thurlow; and George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough. The core political-marital alliance at the head of the Bedfordite faction became known as the Bloomsbury Gang.

George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough
George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC, FRS (26 January 1739 – 29 January 1817), styled Marquess of Blandford until 1758, was a British courtier and politician from the Spencer family. He served as Lord Chamberlain between 1762 and 1763 and as Lord Privy Seal between 1763 and 1765. He is the great-great-great grandfather of Sir Winston Churchill.
Count Basic
Count Basic is an Austrian band who play a variety of R&B, trip hop, acid jazz and smooth jazz music. The band's principal members were guitarist Peter Legat and the two vocalists Kelli Sae and Valerie Etienne but the band decided to go on only with Kelli Sae after their first album.

Smooth jazz
Smooth jazz is a commercially oriented style crossover jazz music. Although often described as a “genre,” it remains a debated and sometimes controversial topic among jazz musicians and critics. As a radio format, however, smooth jazz radio became the successor to easy listening music on radio station programming from the mid-1970s through the early 1990s.
Eumetriochroa miyatai
Eumetriochroa miyatai is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all the four main islands of Japan (Hokkaidō, Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū).

The wingspan is 6.1–9 mm for the vernal (spring) form and 5.7–6.9 mm for the aestival (summer) form. The larvae feed on Ilex species, including Ilex crenata,  Ilex rotundata, and Ilex pedunculosa. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Arrests of 21 Ghanaian LGBT+ Activists
On 20 May 2021, 21 LGBT rights activists in Ghana were arrested at a hotel in Ho, Ho Municipal District, during an assembly where the activists were discussing human rights treatment of LGBT+ people in the country. The arrests sparked international condemnation and the rise of a movement under the banner #ReleaseThe21 calling for their release and an end to state violence against the Ghanaian LGBT+ community. In the most recent court hearing, on 11 June 2021, the activists were granted bail on their fourth application. The case was dropped on 5 August 2021 on the basis of lack of evidence on the charge of unlawful assembly.

Ho Municipal Assembly
Ho Municipal Assembly is one of the 25 administrative Districts in the Volta Region, Ghana. It is made up of total land size of 2,361 km2 and a total estimated population of 213,960 in 2017, 105,195 being males and 108,765 are females. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly on 10 March 1989 when it was known as Ho District, until the southern part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 13 August 2004 to create Adaklu-Anyigbe District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Ho District. However on 28 June 2012, the western part of the district was later split off to create Ho West District; thus the remaining part was elevated to municipal district assembly status on that same year to become Ho Municipal Assembly, which was established by Legislative Instrument (L.I.) 2074. The municipality is located in the central part of Volta Region and has Ho as its capital town.
2017 Pingshan Open – Women's doubles
Shuko Aoyama and Makoto Ninomiya were the defending champions, but Aoyama chose not to participate. Ninomiya partnered Akiko Omae, and lost in the quarterfinals to Eri Hozumi and Valeria Savinykh.

Lyudmyla and Nadiia Kichenok won the title after defeating Eri Hozumi and Valeria Savinykh 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Makoto Ninomiya
Makoto Ninomiya (二宮 真琴, Ninomiya Makoto; born 28 May 1994) is a Japanese professional tennis player.
She achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 20 on 22 October 2018, and peaked at No. 280 in singles on 22 February 2016.
Partnered with Eri Hozumi, she reached the final of the 2018 French Open.

In doubles, she has won eight titles on the WTA Tour, one title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as 21 ITF titles. In singles, there is only one ITF Circuit title.

Playing for Japan Fed Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 5–1 as of June 2024.
Now What (horse)
Now What (foaled 1937, in Kentucky) was an American Thoroughbred Champion racehorse. Her dam was That's That, and her sire was the 1927 American Horse of the Year and two-time Leading sire in North America, Chance Play.

Bred by Guy and E. Paul Waggoner's Three D's Stock Farm of Fort Worth, Texas, Now What was raced by Alfred G. Vanderbilt II. Trained by Bud Stotler, she earned National Champion honors at age two after winning four important stakes races and running second in the Pimlico Nursery Stakes, and Juvenile Stakes. As a three-year-old, her best result in a top-level race was a second place finish in the Molly Brant Handicap at Saratoga Race Course.

Now What served as a broodmare for Vanderbilt. Her most successful foal to race was Next Move, the 1950 American Champion Three-Year-Old Filly and the 1952 American Co-Champion Older Female Horse.

Juvenile Stakes (United States)
The Juvenile Stakes was a Thoroughbred horse race run for 109 years between 1874 and 1984. First run on June 13, 1874, it was an important part of Jerome Park's "Spring Meeting." The race was designed to show which were the top two-year-olds at that point in the calendar.
Wien Modern
Wien Modern is a modern music festival in Vienna, Austria that was founded by Claudio Abbado in 1988. It was created with the intent of revitalizing the traditional music scene of Vienna. Friedrich Cerha, Johannes Maria Staud, Mark Andre, Wolfgang Mitterer, Olga Neuwirth, Peter Eötvös, Roger Woodward and Georg Friedrich Haas have been featured at the festival since its inception.

Friedrich Cerha
Friedrich Cerha (German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈt͜sɛʁha]; 17 February 1926 – 14 February 2023) was an Austrian composer, conductor, and academic teacher. His ensemble die reihe in Vienna was instrumental in spreading contemporary music in Austria. Cerha composed three literary operas, beginning with Baal, based on Brecht's play, which was premiered at the Salzburg Festival in 1981. He is best known for completing Alban Berg's opera Lulu by orchestrating its unfinished third act, which premiered in Paris in 1979.
Black Colossus
"Black Colossus" is one of the original short stories starring  the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian, written by American author Robert E. Howard and first published in Weird Tales magazine, June 1933. Howard earned $130 for the sale of this story.

Set during the fictional Hyborian Age, Conan leads the army of Khoraja against an evil sorcerer named Natohk, "The Veiled One".

This story formed part of the basis for the later Conan novel, The Hour of the Dragon.

Magician (fantasy)
A magician, also known as an archmage, mage, magus, magic-user, spellcaster, enchanter/enchantress, sorcerer/sorceress, warlock, witch, or wizard, is someone who uses or practices magic derived from supernatural, occult, or arcane sources.: 54  Magicians enjoy a rich history in mythology, legends, fiction, and folklore, and are common figures in works of fantasy, such as fantasy literature and role-playing games.
Côte de Lumière
The Côte de Lumière (French pronunciation: [kot də lymjɛʁ]; English: Coast of Light) refers to the seaside resorts located along the coast of the Vendée, France.

Communes situated on the coast, from north to south, include:

Noirmoutier-en-l'Ile

Barbâtre

La Barre-de-Monts

Notre-Dame-de-Monts

Saint-Jean-de-Monts

Saint-Hilaire-de-Riez

Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie

Bretignolles-sur-Mer

Brem-sur-Mer

Olonne-sur-Mer

Les Sables d'Olonne

Château-d'Olonne

Talmont-Saint-Hilaire

Jard-sur-Mer

Saint-Vincent-sur-Jard

Longeville-sur-Mer

La Tranche-sur-Mer

La Faute-sur-Mer

46°32′N 1°49′W﻿ / ﻿46.53°N 1.82°W﻿ / 46.53; -1.82

La Tranche-sur-Mer
La Tranche-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [la tʁɑ̃ʃ syʁ mɛʁ], literally La Tranche on Sea) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France.

The final stages of the action of 30 June 1798, during which all three combatant frigates grounded, was fought just off the harbour.
Collaborative Professional Development
CPD in the context of NCETM means Collaborative Professional Development (not "Continuing Professional Development" as in some other contexts).

The essence of "Collaborative" is that teachers work in groups and develop skills together. Thus it is an ongoing-relationship - just as a pet is "not just for Christmas", so CPD is "not just for one day" but is continuing AND collaborative.

CPD also has elements of inter-colleague support, and of 'cascading' within a learning institution. It derives professional skills as socially constructed, and not learned via didactics.

Informal, versus formal, collaboration can be more effective for all, due to the Professional Trust embodied by the informal and non-directed nature of the work. Teachmeets are an example of this unmanaged unconference phenomena.

Didactic method
A didactic method (from Greek: διδάσκειν didáskein, "to teach") is a teaching method that follows a consistent scientific approach or educational style to present information to students. The didactic method of instruction is often contrasted with dialectics and the Socratic method; the term can also be used to refer to a specific didactic method, as for instance constructivist didactics.
Hîrbovăț Monastery
Hîrbovăț Monastery (Romanian: Mănăstirea Hîrbovăț) is a monastery of Moldova, located north of the village of Hîrbovăț, under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Ungheni and Nisporeni of the Metropolis of Chișinău and All Moldova.

Diocese of Ungheni and Nisporeni
The Diocese of Ungheni and Nisporeni (Russian: Унгенская и Ниспоренская епархия, Romanian: Eparhia de Ungheni și Nisporeni) is an eparchy or diocese of the Metropolis of Chișinău and All Moldova under the Moscow Patriarchate with its seat in the city of Ungheni, Moldova.
Lukyanenko
Lukyanenko, often spelled Lukianenko, is a Ukrainian-language surname. It is a patronymic surname derived from the given name Lukian.

Notable people with the surname include:

Artem Lukyanenko (born 1990), Russian decathlete

Daria Lukianenko, (born 2002), Russian Paralympic swimmer

Iryna Lukianenko, (born 1983), Ukrainian figure skating coach and former competitor

Larisa Lukyanenko (born 1973), Belarusian individual rhythmic gymnast

Levko Lukianenko (1928–2018), Ukrainian politician and Soviet dissident

Sergei Lukyanenko (born 1968), Russian science fiction and fantasy author

Vitaliy Lukyanenko (born 1978), Ukrainian biathlete

Yevgeniy Lukyanenko (born 1985), Russian pole vaulter

Vitaliy Lukyanenko
Vitaliy Volodymyrovych Lukyanenko (Ukrainian: Віталій Володимирович Лук'яненко, born 15 May 1978) is a Ukrainian biathlete, cross-country skier, and Paralympian.

He is classified B3 (under 10% functional vision), and competes in the visually impaired category.

He competed at the 2022 Winter Paralympics, winning a gold medal in the men's 6 kilometres and 10 kilometres biathlon events.
Charles Dealtry Locock
Charles Dealtry Locock (27 September 1862 – 13 May 1946) was a British literary scholar, editor and translator, who wrote on a wide array of subjects, including chess, billiards and croquet. He translated numerous Swedish plays and books of poetry.

Gustaf Fröding
Gustaf Fröding (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɡɵ̂sːtav ˈfrø̂ːdɪŋ] ⓘ; 22 August 1860 – 8 February 1911) was a Swedish poet and writer from Alster, Värmland. The family moved to Kristinehamn in the year 1867. He later studied at Uppsala University and worked as a journalist in Karlstad.
Goelz
Goelz (also spelled Gölz) is a surname. It is either of German or Slavic origin, and a variant of the surname Geltz. Notable people with this name include:

Billy Goelz (1918–2002) American professional wrestler, booker, and trainer

Dave Goelz (born 1946), American puppeteer and puppet builder, known for his work with the Muppets

Rolf Gölz (born 1962), German road and track cyclist, and Olympic medal winner for West Germany

Rolf Gölz
Rolf Gölz (born 30 September 1962) is a retired road and track cyclist from Germany, who was a professional rider from 1985 to 1993. He won the German National Road Race in 1985 and narrowly missed the podium in the 1987 UCI World Championship finishing in 4th place.

He represented West Germany at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, where he won the silver medal in the men's individual pursuit, behind America's Steve Hegg. At the same Olympic Games, Gölz also claimed the bronze medal in the 4,000 m team pursuit. Other victories included the 1988 editions of Paris–Brussels and the Nissan Classic.
I Still Believe (Jeremy Camp song)
"I Still Believe" is the fourth single from contemporary Christian singer-songwriter Jeremy Camp's first major label full-length album, Stay, released on June 24, 2003. This song was written after the death of Camp's first wife, Melissa. The song peaked at No. 5 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart, becoming his second top ten single. Camp released a live version which was performed on his 2005 album, Live Unplugged. The track appears on the compilation WOW Hits 2004.

The song inspired Camp to write his own life story of the same name, which was released in November 2003. Lionsgate announced that they would be filming a faith-based movie named for the song, after the success of the Erwin Brothers's I Can Only Imagine (2018). It was shot in the spring of 2019 and released on March 13, 2020.

Lionsgate Studios
Lionsgate Studios Corp. is a Canadian-American film and television production and distribution conglomerate, domiciled in Vancouver, British Columbia, and primarily based in Santa Monica, California. It was formed on May 14, 2024, after Starz Entertainment, formerly known as Lionsgate, spun off its film and television businesses.

Lionsgate Studios's portfolio includes Lionsgate Canada (formerly known as Entertainment One/eOne), 3 Arts Entertainment, Pilgrim Media Group, Lionsgate Films, Lionsgate Television, Lionsgate Alternative Television, Lionsgate Home Entertainment, a minority stake in 42, and a stake of joint venture Amblin Partners. Through Lionsgate Films, the company also releases films under the Summit Entertainment and eOne Films labels.
BlackBerry Curve
The BlackBerry Curve was a brand of mid-range smartphones (later also entry-level) that were manufactured by Research in Motion from 2007 until 2013.

The Curve lineup improves upon the BlackBerry Pearl as BlackBerry's consumer oriented devices and is positioned below the BlackBerry Bold. The Curve had plastic and glossy materials compared to the metal and leather in the Bold lineup, and has a different keyboard design, where the individual buttons are more rounded and spaced, reminiscent of the older BlackBerry 7000 series. There were two basic form factors within the Curve line: the original, thicker form factor on the 8900, 8500 and 9300 series, and the slimmer form factor of the 9350 and 9380 model. The 9380 is the first and only Curve with a touchscreen.

IDEN
Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN) is a mobile telecommunications technology, developed by Motorola, which provides its users the benefits of a trunked radio and a cellular telephone. It was called the first mobile social network by many technology industry analysts. iDEN places more users in a given spectral space, compared to analog cellular and two-way radio systems, by using speech compression and time-division multiple access (TDMA).
William Sutherland (Northwest Territories politician)
William Sutherland (September 3, 1854 – June 13, 1930) was a general merchant and political figure in the Northwest Territories, Canada. He represented Qu'Appelle in the 1st Council of the Northwest Territories from 1887 to 1888 and North Qu'Appelle in the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories from 1888 to 1898 as a Conservative.

He was born in Ottawa, the son of a Scottish immigrant, and was educated in Ottawa. In 1888, he married Henrietta Aquas Traveller. He went to the Northwest Territories in 1881. Sutherland also served as postmaster for Qu'Appelle. Sutherland died of heart failure at Bridgeburg, Ontario in 1930 and was buried at Beechwood Cemetery in Ottawa.

Beechwood Cemetery
Beechwood Cemetery is the national cemetery of Canada, located in the east end of Ottawa, Ontario. Over 82,000 people are buried in the cemetery, including Governor General Ramon Hnatyshyn, Prime Minister Robert Borden, and several members of Parliament, premiers, Canadian Armed Forces personnel and veterans, Royal Canadian Mounted Police personnel, Canadian Security Intelligence Service intelligence officers, and Hockey Hall of Famers, alongside other notable Canadians. In addition to being Canada's national cemetery, it contains the National Military Cemetery of the Canadian Armed Forces and the National Memorial Cemetery of the RCMP.
Hrabove, Shatsk hromada, Volyn Oblast
Hrabove (Ukrainian: Грабове) is a village in Northwestern Ukraine, in Kovel Raion of Volyn Oblast, but was formerly administered within Shatsk Raion. The village is near the border between Ukraine and Poland.

51°26′16″N 23°41′56″E﻿ / ﻿51.437778°N 23.698889°E﻿ / 51.437778; 23.698889

Kovel Raion
Kovel Raion (Ukrainian: Ковельський район) is a raion (district) in Volyn Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Kovel. Population: 265,304 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Volyn Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Kovel Raion was significantly expanded.

The district is divided into 23 territorial communities.

The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 40,395 (2020 est.).
Jean Laussucq
Jean Laussucq (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ losyk]; born 4 February 1990) is a French politician who was elected the deputy in the National Assembly for Paris's 2nd constituency in 2024. A former member of The Republicans (LR), he was the candidate of the Ensemble coalition, which did not renominate its outgoing deputy Gilles Le Gendre. He has also served as a Councillor of Paris for the 7th arrondissement since 2020. In July 2025, he was obliged to resigned from his deputy seat due to 21% irregular transactions during his campaign.

Paris's 2nd constituency
The 2nd constituency of Paris (French: Deuxième circonscription de Paris) is a French legislative constituency in the department of Paris. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one member of the National Assembly using the two-round system. Its boundaries were heavily redrawn in 1988 and 2012. From 1958 until 1988 it was located on the Rive Droite; since then it has been located on the Rive Gauche. In a by-election in 2025, former Prime Minister Michel Barnier was elected.
Felix Klieser
Felix Klieser (born 3 January 1991) is a German professional player of the French horn. He was born without arms. He plays the horn by using the toes of his left foot to operate the valves. The horn is held on a tripod. He does not place a limb inside the bell of the horn, in contrast to the way the instrument is traditionally played, using the left hand to operate the valves and placing the right hand inside the bell.

He was born in Göttingen. He began playing the horn at the age of 4. He studied at the Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover. In 2016 he received the Leonard Bernstein Award.

Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover
Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media (German: Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover; abbreviated to HMTMH) is a university of performing arts and media in Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. Dating to 1897, it has reorganised and changed names as it developed over the years, most recently in 2010 when it changed from State College of Music and Drama Hanover (Staatliche Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hannover, or simply Musikhochschule Hannover). From 2010 until March 2024, its president was Susanne Rode-Breymann. As of 2024, the university has 1,427 students, and as of 2024 a total of 469 staff.