hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Astarabad (1759)
The Battle of Astarabad was fought outside the city of Astarabad on 14 February 1759, between the forces of Karim Khan Zand, commanded by Shaykh Ali Khan Zand, and Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar. The battle resulted in a total Qajar defeat and caused the death of Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar, ending the Qajar threat to the Zand dynasty until the conquests of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar.

Gorgan
Gorgan (Persian: گرگان; [ɡoɾˈɡɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It lies approximately 400 km (250 mi) to the northeast of the national capital Tehran, and some 30 km (19 mi) away from the Caspian Sea.
Pre-delegation authority
Pre-delegation authority is the practice by United States presidents to empower military commanders to initiate nuclear attacks in various circumstances. This authority is typically kept classified, so the American public has always been told that the president has the sole and exclusive authority to start nuclear war. It is not publicly known to what extent, if at all, the current U.S. president has pre-delegated their nuclear authority.

The practice began in the 1950s under President Dwight D. Eisenhower and would continue through at least the administration of Jimmy Carter. It was only officially revealed to the public in 1998 when his instructions enacting the practice were declassified. Similar practices exist in other nuclear states, such as the Soviet Union and now Russia's Dead Hand system.

National Security Archive
The National Security Archive is a 501(c)(3) non-governmental, non-profit research and archival institution located on the campus of the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1985 to check rising government secrecy, the National Security Archive is an investigative journalism center, open government advocate, international affairs research institute, and the largest repository of declassified U.S. documents outside the federal government. In the four decades of its history, the National Security Archive has spurred the declassification of more than 15 million pages of government documents by being the leading non-profit user of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), filing a total of more than 70,000 FOIA and declassification requests.
Acer cascadense
Acer cascadense is an extinct maple species in the family Sapindaceae described from a series of isolated fossil samaras.  The species is known from fossils found in Middle Miocene deposits of central Oregon. It is one of several extinct species placed in the living Acer section Negundo.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
Myriam Lignot
Myriam Lignot (born 9 July 1975 in Laon, Aisne) is a French synchronized swimmer and Olympic medalist. She won a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, in duet together with Virginie Dedieu, and placed fourth in the team competition.

Lignot retired after the Sydney 2000 Games at the age of 25. Few years later, she became coach of Pays d'Aix Natation synchronized swimming club.

2000 European Aquatics Championships
The 2000 LEN European Championships were held Monday 3 July to Sunday 9 July 2000 in Helsinki, Finland. Competition was swum in the 50 m, long course pool at the Mäkelänrinne Swimming Center. The 25th edition of the event was organised by the LEN less than three months prior to the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

The championships included the aquatic disciplines of Swimming (long course), Open Water Swimming, Diving, and Synchronised swimming.
Chabra
Chabra, also spelt Chhabra and Chhabria, is a Punjabi surname used by Punjabi Hindus and Sikhs of the Arora caste.

Notable people with the surname, who may or may not be affiliated to the clan, include:

Aarti Chabria (born 1982), Indian actress

Ajay Chhabra (born 1970), British actor

Ashish Kumar Chhabra (born 1981), Indian politician

Bakht Singh Chabra (1903–2000), Indian Christian evangelist

B. Ch. Chhabra (1908–?), Indian Sanskrit and epigraphy scholar

Dilip Chhabria, Indian automotive designer

Jai Chabria, American political strategist

Lajwanti Chabra, Indian crafts maker and conservator

Manu Chhabria (1946–2002), Indian businessman

Mukesh Chhabra (born 1984), Indian casting director

Paras Chhabra (born 1990), Indian model and TV actor

Sagari Chhabra, Indian writer and director

Shravan Chhabria, Indian TV actor

Sunil Chhabra (born 1957), Kenyan field hockey player

Tarun Chhabra, American lawyer and security analyst

Vince Chhabria (born 1969), American judge

Lajwanti Chabra
Lajwanti Chhabra is an Indian craftsperson known for her contributions in preserving Phulkari, a traditional embroidery art from Punjab. She has played a crucial role in the revival of  Phulkari textile form. She brought attention to the cultural of Phulkari form and rural women artisans were empowered by her work, which helped them gain recognition and livelihoods. In 2021, she was awarded the Padma Shri award by the Government of India for her contributions to Indian handicrafts.
Matt Warner
Matt Warner (April 12, 1864 – December 21, 1938) was a notable figure from the American Old West who was a farmer, cowboy, rancher, ferryman, cattle rustler, bank robber, justice of the peace, lawman, and bootlegger. Born Erastus Christiansen, he changed his name in his teens when he became an outlaw.

Warner operated in the Robbers Roost area of southeastern Utah before teaming up with outlaw Butch Cassidy. While on the run from the law, he married Rose Morgan. For a while he operated a cattle ranch in Washington's Big Bend Country. Later he operated a ranch on Diamond Mountain in Uintah County, Utah, using the registered brand of Quarter Circle Bar Quarter Circle, commonly called the Horse Bit brand. He co-wrote The Last of the Bandit Riders, a memoir.

Browns Park
Brown's Park or Browns Park, originally called Brown's Hole, is an isolated mountain valley along the Green River in Moffat County, Colorado and Daggett County, Utah in the United States. The valley begins in far eastern Utah, approximately 25 miles (40 km) downstream from Flaming Gorge Dam, and follows the river downstream into Colorado, ending at the Gates of Lodore in Dinosaur National Monument. Known as a haven for outlaws such as Butch Cassidy and Tom Horn during the late 19th century and the early 20th century, it is now the location of the Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge. It was also the birthplace of Ann Bassett. She and her sister, Josie Bassett, were considered female outlaws and girlfriends to several of Cassidy's Wild Bunch gang.  It is the location of John Jarvie Historic Ranch, where, in 1880, Scotsman John Jarvie built a ranch along the Green River.
Paiania
Paiania (Greek: Παιανία, Greek pronunciation: [pe.a.ˈni.a], before 1915: Λιόπεσι - Liopesi, pronounced [ˈʎo.pe.si]; Arvanitika: Λοπε̱σ romanized: Lopës) is a town and a municipality in East Attica, Greece. It is a suburb of Athens, located east of Mount Hymettus and  11 km east of the Athens city centre.

Paiania is home to the Vorres Museum of Folk and Contemporary Art, the Foundation European Art Center (EUARCE) of Greece, the broadcasting facilities of Greek television station Open TV and the former training facilities of football club Panathinaikos F.C.. The Greek National Road 89 passes through the town, and the A6 motorway passes east of it. The town was renamed to reflect association with the ancient deme of Paeania.

Arvanitika
Arvanitika (/ˌɑːrvəˈnɪtɪkə/; Arvanitika: αρbε̰ρίσ̈τ, romanized: arbërisht; Greek: αρβανίτικα, romanized: arvanítika), also known as Arvanitic, is the variety of Albanian traditionally spoken by the Arvanites, a population group in Greece. Arvanitika was brought to Southern Greece during the late Middle Ages by Albanian settlers who moved south from their homeland in present-day Albania in several waves. The dialect preserves elements of medieval Albanian, while also being significantly influenced by the Greek language. Arvanitika is today endangered, as its speakers have been shifting to the use of Greek and most younger members of the community no longer speak it.
Blue Hawaiian
The Blue Hawaiian or Swimming Pool is a Piña Colada with an added splash of blue curaçao to give it an orange flavor. It is made with light rum (e.g. Pineapple Malibu rum or white rum), blue curaçao, pineapple juice, cream of coconut, and lemon juice. It is garnished with a pineapple wedge, maraschino cherry and cocktail umbrella and served in a hurricane glass with pebble ice, or in a Collins glass. A frozen Blue Hawaiian can be made by putting all the ingredients in a blender with some crushed ice and pulsing them to a creamy consistency.

The use of light rum allows the blue color from the curaçao to come through. Adding more pineapple juice results in a greenish blue color. Champagne or prosecco can be added to make a sparkling Blue Hawaiian.

Difford's Guide notes, "Probably created by Don the Beachcomber in Los Angeles, USA, this is a riff on the Blue Hawaii."

Collins glass
In American English, a collins glass is a glass tumbler which typically contains 300 to 410 millilitres (10 to 14 US fl oz). It is commonly used to serve sparkling cocktails, especially long drinks like the Tom Collins or John Collins, as well as fruit juice, water or any cold drinks. Its cylindrical shape, narrower and taller than a highball glass, keeps the drink carbonated longer by reducing the surface area of the drink.
Al Unser Jr.'s Turbo Racing
Al Unser Jr.'s Turbo Racing is a racing video game released by Data East for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1990. It is an adaptation of the 1989 Japanese-market Famicom game World Grand Prix - Pole to Finish (ワールドグランプリ ポールトゥフィニッシュ, Wārudo Guran Puri Pōru tu Finisshu), with the most notable changes being the addition of Unser as an in-game coach, the number of laps, sound and interface design. Therefore, the game remains based on the Formula 1 World Championship, despite Unser having never competed in it. This game features a season mode and two time trial modes. In season mode the player uses either Al Unser Jr. or a make-their-own-driver.

Versions released outside North America were simply titled Turbo Racing with all references to Al Unser Jr removed, due to the relative obscurity of CART and Al Unser Jr outside of North America.

Data East
Data East Corporation (データイースト株式会社, Dēta Īsuto kabushiki gaisha), also abbreviated as DECO, was a Japanese video game, pinball and electronic engineering company. The company was in operation from 1976 to 2003, and released 150 video game titles. At one time, the company had annual sales of 20 billion yen in the United States alone but eventually went bankrupt. The American subsidiary, Data East USA, was headquartered in San Jose, California. Its main headquarters were located in the Suginami ward of Tokyo.

The majority of Data East's video games, its trademark, and its logo are currently owned by G-Mode, a mobile-focused subsidiary of the video game publisher Marvelous. A small number of Data East video games are owned by other companies, notably Paon DP.
Canton of Versailles-2
The canton of Versailles-2 is an administrative division of the Yvelines department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Versailles.

It consists of the following communes:

Buc

Jouy-en-Josas

Les Loges-en-Josas

Vélizy-Villacoublay

Versailles (partly)

Viroflay

Viroflay
Viroflay (French pronunciation: [viʁɔflɛ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris 14.1 km (8.8 mi) from the center and 3 km (1.9 mi) from the Palace of Versailles.

The town motto is Lux mea lex which is Latin for "Light is my law".
Matschinsky-Denninghoff
Martin Matschinsky (b. 4 July 1921, Grötzingen, Karlsruhe, Baden — 24 January 2020, Berlin) and Brigitte Matschinsky-Denninghoff (born Meier-Denninghoff; 2 June 1921, Berlin — 11 April 2011, Berlin) were a German artist-couple known for their monumental abstract sculptures.

Grötzingen
Grötzingen is a district in Karlsruhe, Germany. On December 31, 2020, it had a population of 9,156. It contains the Augustenburg Castle church and the Grötzingen Jewish Cemetery. Pfinztal lies just to the southeast.

The district is further divided into Nördlich der Pfinz and Südlich der Pfinz.
Fabienne Serrat
Fabienne Serrat (born 5 July 1956) is a former world champion alpine ski racer.
At age 17, Serrat won two gold medals at the 1974 World Championships in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in the giant slalom and the combined events. During her World Cup career she had three victories, 37 podiums, and 124 top ten finishes.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.
Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation
46°28′12″N 80°58′26″W﻿ / ﻿46.47°N 80.974°W﻿ / 46.47; -80.974

The Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation (CEMI) is a Canadian mining industry research initiative, collaboratively funded by the private sector and government. CEMI was established in 2007, as a not for profit corporation. CEMI's focused research is in hardrock underground mining.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
1938 Minnesota Secretary of State election
The 1938 Minnesota Secretary of State election was held on November 8, 1938, in order to elect the Secretary of State of Minnesota. Republican nominee and incumbent Secretary of State Mike Holm defeated Farmer–Labor nominee Paul A. Rasmussen and Democratic nominee Hugh T. Kennedy.

Minnesota Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Twenty-two individuals have held the office of secretary of state since statehood. The incumbent is Steve Simon, a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party.
John Hughes (soccer, born 1965)
Richard John Hughes (born July 3, 1965) is a former professional soccer player. Born in Swansea, Wales, he moved to Victoria, British Columbia, Canada in 1971. He played for Cadboro Bay, which later became Bays United Soccer Club. He attended Mount Douglas Secondary School, where he played on a soccer team with Jeff Mallett and Simon Keith.

Hughes represented Canada at the 1982 CONCACAF Youth Tournament in Guatemala and won his first cap with Canada's senior team on 27 August 1986 at the Merlion Cup in Singapore. He played for the University of Victoria Vikings and was part of the 1987 national winning side. He played professionally for the Vancouver 86ers, Winnipeg Fury, Victoria Vistas, and Hamilton Steelers of the Canadian Soccer League.

Hughes' father, Brian, was also a professional soccer player.

Mount Douglas Secondary School
Mount Douglas Secondary School is a four-year public secondary school founded 1931 and located in Saanich, British Columbia, Canada, with  around 850 students on  roll. The school  is part of the  Greater Victoria School District (SD61), and is known locally  as "Mount Doug".  In 2003, the school changed from a Senior Secondary model, teaching grades 11 and 12, back to the current and original grades 9 to 12 structure.
The school  was  founded  in 1931, and over the years has occupied several  buildings beginning  at the current Cedar Hill Middle School Campus. In 1970, it  relocated to  the former Gordon Head Junior Secondary School building after that school relocated to the newly constructed Arbutus Middle School campus.
Polemic (magazine)
Polemic was a British "Magazine of Philosophy, Psychology, and Aesthetics" published between 1945 and 1947, which aimed to be a general or non-specialist intellectual periodical.

Edited by the ex-Communist Humphrey Slater, it was "sympathetic to science, hostile to the intellectual manifestations of romanticism, and markedly anti-Communist. Eight issues were published. The first, published as a book to get round the prohibition of new journals imposed by war-time paper rationing, included contributions by Henry Miller, Bertrand Russell, A. J. Ayer, Stephen Spender, Stephen Glover, George Orwell, C. E. M. Joad and Rupert Crawshay-Williams.

Orwell contributed five essays over the life of the magazine and Russell and Ayer contributed four each. Other contributors included Philip Toynbee, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Dylan Thomas, Diana Witherby, Stuart Hampshire, Geoffrey Grigson, Ben Nicholson, Adrian Stokes, J. D. Bernal C. H. Waddington and John Wisdom.

Stuart Hampshire
Sir Stuart Newton Hampshire FBA (1 October 1914 – 13 June 2004) was an English philosopher, literary critic and university administrator. He was one of the antirationalist Oxford thinkers who gave a new direction to moral and political thought in the post-World War II era.
Andrea Giani
Andrea Giani (Italian pronunciation: [anˈdrɛːa ˈdʒaːni]; born 22 April 1970) is an Italian professional volleyball coach and former player who serves as head coach for the France national team and the Polish PlusLiga team, ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle.

Giani achieved numerous successes in the 1990s, including three World Championships with his national team. He was an all-rounder able to play both as an outside hitter and as a middle blocker, but he played several times as an opposite spiker too.

In 2008, Giani was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame.

ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle
ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Kędzierzyn-Koźle in southern Poland, founded in 1994. They compete in the Polish PlusLiga.

ZAKSA have won 9 domestic league titles, 10 national cups, and three Champions League titles, which makes them one of the most successful clubs in Poland. It is the second Polish club since Płomień Milowice in 1978 to have won the most prestigious volleyball competition in Europe.
Štirovnik
Stirovnik (Serbian: Штировник) is the highest peak of the Lovćen mountain range in Montenegro with an elevation of 1,749 meters (5,738 ft) above sea level. Its summit is occupied by a telecommunications tower and a military facility that restricts public access. Consequently, access to the very top is not permitted for the general public or tourists, making significantly less visited than the nearby and more accessible secondary peak of Lovćen, Jezerski vrh (1,657 m), which is also the site of the Njegos Mausoleum.

Mausoleum of Njegoš
The Mausoleum of Njegoš[a] is a mausoleum interring Petar II Petrović-Njegoš located on the top of Jezerski Vrh Peak on Mount Lovćen.

The mausoleum is located twenty-one kilometres via asphalt road from near-by Cetinje and it was built on the idea of Croatian sculptor Ivan Meštrović. It was built on the same location of the Njegoš Testament Church which Njegoš had built in 1845 with the intention of being buried there and which he dedicated to his predecessor Petar I Petrović-Njegoš (who is canonized as Saint Peter of Cetinje in the Serbian Orthodox Church).

The church suffered damage from bombardment in both World Wars. In 1974, despite protest from the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral and local Orthodox Christians, the old church was ordered demolished by a commission of the League of Communists of Montenegro led by Veljko Milatović and today's mausoleum was built.
Daha River
The Daha River (Bhojpuri: 𑂘𑂰𑂯𑂰 𑂢𑂘𑂲 ) is a seasonal river that originates from an artesian well in a marshy area of Sasamusa Chaur in Gopalganj district in the state of Bihar in India. It flows as a small, perennial stream, covering about 96 km (60 mi) through the Gopalganj, Siwan, and Chhapra districts, before joining the Ghaghra River near Chhapra. The river condition is critical due to encroachment, illegal construction and water pollution. Pollution of the river began largely in the 1980s, largely as a result of farming as well as the presence of a sugar mill in the region, and has continued ever since.

Saran district
Saran district is one of the 38 districts of Indian state of Bihar. The district, part of Saran Division, is also known as Chhapra district after the headquarters of the district, Chhapra.

It is considered as one of the richest zamindaris of Bihar after Raj Darbhanga, Hathwa Raj, Bettiah Raj and Raj Najarganj, Saran Raj.
AppLovin
AppLovin Corporation is an American mobile technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. Founded in 2012, the company helps developers market, monetize, analyze and publish their apps through its mobile advertising, marketing, and analytics platforms, SSP MAX; DSP AppDiscovery; and SparkLabs creative studio. The company also invests in various mobile game publishers.

IronSource
ironSource Ltd. is an Israeli software company that focuses on developing technologies for app monetization and distribution, with its core products focused on the app economy.

Among others, ironSource was chosen as one of the '20 hottest startups' in 2013 and was listed in the Wall Street Journal "Billion Dollar Startup Club". In September 2015, ironSource was named by the World Economic Forum as a Global Growth Company. ironSource has also been named one of the hottest pre-IPO tech companies by Business Insider, and one of Israel's most innovative companies by Fast Company. IronSource has also received criticism for having a history of distributing malware.

ironSource has over 1000 employees, with more than half dedicated to research and development. Headquartered in Tel Aviv, ironSource also has offices in New York, San Francisco, London, Beijing, Shenzhen, Tokyo, and Seoul.
Nông Thúy Hằng
Nông Thúy Hằng (born July 24, 1999, in Ha Giang) is a Vietnamese beauty queen. She is Miss Ethnic Vietnam 2022 and will represent Vietnam at Miss Friendship International 2023 which was held in October in Pengzhou, Chengdu, China and placed as 2nd Runner-up.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.