hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heguanzi
The Heguanzi (鶡冠子, or Master Pheasant Cap) is a circa 3rd century BCE syncretic collection of writings from the Chinese Hundred Schools of Thought, particularly the schools of Huang-Lao, Daoism, Legalism, and the Military. Assumed a forgery in later Imperial China, discovery of the 2nd-century BCE Han dynasty Mawangdui Silk Texts lead to renewed studies into its textual history and philosophical significance. The previously unknown Huang-Lao Silk Manuscripts have many passages similar and identical with the Heguanzi,

The 111 CE Book of Han history is the earliest extant source to mention the Heguanzi, yet the next reliable sources referring to it date from the early 6th century. In 805, the influential Tang dynasty writer Liu Zongyuan found a copy of the Heguanzi and disparaged it as a post-Han apocryphal forgery. His opinion was widely accepted by scholars for the next twelve centuries, during which the text was seldom read and infrequently mentioned.

King Wuling of Zhao
King Wuling of Zhao (simplified Chinese: 赵武灵王; traditional Chinese: 趙武靈王) (died 295 BCE, r. 325–299 BCE), personal name Zhao Yong, was a ruler of the Zhao state. His reign was famous for one important event: the reforms consisting of "Wearing the Hu (styled) Attire and Shooting from Horseback (in battle)" (胡服騎射). He was credited for the implementation of protective outfit during military events and proceedings.

The son of Marquess Su, King Wuling ascended to the throne at 325 BCE, about halfway into the Warring States period of Chinese history. His reign coincided with the appearance of several other notable figures during the period. He was also the first ruler of Zhao to style himself "king" (王), but later reversed the decision. He would later receive the title as part of his posthumous name.
Shalmash Falls
Shalmash Falls is a cluster of three waterfalls situated on the outskirts of the City of Sardasht in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran.  Near the border with Iraq, they can be easily viewed from stairs built for visitors to these waterfalls.  The falls are each about 10 metres (33 ft) high.  In addition to being a scenic site, their environs are used for recreation, including swimming.  These falls are along a branch of the Little Zab River. The waterfalls are at their most substantial flow during the spring. The weather of the region is cold until the middle of spring.

Little Zab
The Little Zab or Lower Zab (Arabic: الزاب الاسفل, al-Zāb al-Asfal; Kurdish: Zêy Koya or Zêyê Biçûk; Persian: زاب کوچک, Zâb-e Kuchak; Syriac: ܙܒܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ, Zāba Taḥtāya) is a river that originates in Iran and joins the Tigris just south of Al Zab in Iraq. The Little Zab is approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) long and drains an area of about 22,000 square kilometres (8,500 sq mi). The river is fed by rainfall and snowmelt, resulting in a peak discharge in the spring and low water in the summer and early fall. Two dams built on the Little Zab regulate the river flow, providing water for irrigation and generating hydroelectricity.

The Zagros Mountains have been populated since at least the Lower Palaeolithic, but the earliest archaeological site in the Little Zab basin, Barda Balka, dates to the Middle Palaeolithic. Human occupation of the Little Zab basin has been attested for every period since then.
Thomas Grimley
Thomas Grimley (1821–1871) was an Irish-born priest and educator who served as Bishop of Cape Town, South Africa.

Grimley was born in Skerries, County Dublin, in 1821. He was ordained in 1846 by Archbishop Paul Cullen and then worked as a curate at St Paul's, Arran Quay, Dublin.

In 1860 Grimley was ordained Titular Bishop of Antigonea and co-adjutor Bishop of Cape Town. In 1862 Vicar Apostolic of Cape of Good Hope, Western District, South Africa, succeeding Patrick Raymond Griffith OP, as bishop.

Grimley established many schools and churches in South Africa. The first school for the deaf was established in 1863 by the Irish Dominican order and Grimley and was known as the Dominican Grimley Institute for the Deaf.

Grimley attended the First Vatican Council in 1869.

He died in 1871. He was succeeded by another Irishman, John Leonard.

Skerries, County Dublin
Skerries (Irish: Na Sceirí, meaning 'rocky islands') is a coastal town in Fingal, in the north of County Dublin, Ireland. Skerries was historically a fishing port and later a centre of hand embroidery. These industries declined in the early 20th century, however, and it became both a resort town and a commuter town for Dublin 30 km (19 mi) to the south.  Offshore from the town are several islands, one of which is a nature reserve, Rockabill.
Mariane Osabel
Mariane Faith Ignacio Osabel (born January 28, 1998) is a Filipino singer. She was a semi-finalist in the third season of Tawag ng Tanghalan, a singing competition on the noontime show It's Showtime. She later won the fourth season of GMA Network's singing competition The Clash.

Osabel is a regular performer on the noontime variety show All-Out Sundays.

It's Showtime (Philippine TV program)
It's Showtime (formerly known as Showtime) is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Originally hosted by Vhong Navarro, Anne Curtis, Kim Atienza, Jugs Jugueta, Teddy Corpuz, and Vice Ganda, the show premiered on October 24, 2009, on the network's PrimeTanghali block, replacing Pilipinas, Game Ka Na Ba?. Navarro, Curtis, Jugueta, Corpuz, Vice Ganda, Karylle, Jhong Hilario, Ryan Bang, Amy Perez, Ion Perez, Jackie Gonzaga, Kim Chiu, Ogie Alcasid, MC "Muah" Calaquian, Lassy Marquez, Cianne Dominguez, and Darren Espanto currently serve as the hosts.
Álvaro Alonso Ortega
Álvaro Alonso Ortega  (born 25 August 2004 in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria) is a Spanish sailor who competes for the Royal Gran Canaria Yacht Club. He is a two-time Spanish national champion in the 29er class and placed fifth at the 2022 29er World Championship.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
Niemierzyno, Gmina Świdwin
Niemierzyno [ɲɛmjɛˈʐɨnɔ] (German Nemmin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świdwin, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

In 2008, the village had a population of 154.

Świdwin County
Świdwin County (Polish: powiat świdwiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świdwin, which lies 89 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Połczyn-Zdrój, lying 23 km (14 mi) east of Świdwin.

The county covers an area of 1,093.06 square kilometres (422.0 sq mi). As of 2012 its total population is 49,181.
Michael Posner (psychologist)
Michael I. Posner (/ˈpoʊznər/; born September 12, 1936) is  an American psychologist who is a researcher in the field of attention, and the editor of numerous cognitive and neuroscience compilations. He is emeritus professor of psychology at the University of Oregon (Department of Psychology, Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences), and an adjunct professor at the Weill Medical College in New York (Sackler Institute). A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Posner as the 56th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.
Fermi point
The term Fermi point has two applications but refers to the same phenomena (special relativity):

Fermi point (quantum field theory)

Fermi point (nanotechnology)

For both applications count that the symmetry between particles and anti-particles in weak interactions is violated:
At this point the particle energy E = cp is zero.
In nanotechnology this concept can be applied to electron behavior. An electron as a single particle is a fermion obeying the Pauli exclusion principle.

Weak interaction
In nuclear physics and particle physics, the weak interaction, weak force or weak nuclear force, is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the strong interaction, and gravitation. It is the mechanism of interaction between subatomic particles that is responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms: The weak interaction participates in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The theory describing its behaviour and effects is sometimes called quantum flavordynamics (QFD); however, the term QFD is rarely used, because the weak force is better understood by electroweak theory (EWT).

The effective range of the weak force is limited to subatomic distances and is less than the diameter of a proton.
Grey penduline tit
The grey penduline tit (Anthoscopus caroli), also known as the African penduline-tit, is a species of bird in the family Remizidae.  It is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, and moist savanna. At 8 to 9 cm (3.1 to 3.5 in) in length and a weight of 6.5 g (0.23 oz), it is one of the smallest species of bird found in Africa, along with its cousin the Cape penduline tit and the perhaps smaller mouse-colored penduline tit and the tit hylia.

Penduline tit
The penduline tits constitute the family Remizidae, of small passerine birds related to the true tits. All but the verdin make elaborate bag nests hanging from trees (whence "penduline", hanging), usually over water.
Nevenka Kostadinova
Nevenka Kostadinova (Serbian Cyrillic: Невенка Костадинова; born 1972) is a politician in Serbia from the country's Bulgarian community. She has served in the National Assembly of Serbia since October 2019 as a member of the Serbian Progressive Party.

Bulgarians in Serbia
Bulgarians are recognized ethnic minority in Serbia. According to data from the 2022 census, there are 12,918 ethnic Bulgarians, constituting 0.2% of the total population of Serbia. The vast majority of them live in the southeastern corner of the country, bordering Bulgaria and North Macedonia.
Partridge-Sheldon House
Partridge-Sheldon House is a historic home located at Jamestown in Chautauqua County, New York.  It is a three-story Second Empire style residence built between about 1850 and 1867, and substantially renovated and enlarged about 1880.  The structure features a Mansard roof with patterned and polychromed slate, decorative eave brackets, and an imposing Mansard-roofed front porch with ornamental iron cresting.  It was the home of Porter Sheldon (1831–1908).

The house is owned and maintained by the Jamestown Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Second Empire style
Second Empire style, also known as the Napoleon III style or Haussmann style, is a highly eclectic style of architecture and decorative arts originating in the Second French Empire. It was characterized by elements of many different historical styles, and also made innovative use of modern materials, such as iron frameworks and glass skylights. It flourished during the reign of Emperor Napoleon III (1852–1870) and had an important influence on architecture and decoration in the rest of Europe and North America. Major examples of the style include the Opéra Garnier (1862–1871) in Paris by Charles Garnier, the Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art, the Church of Saint Augustine (1860–1871), and the Philadelphia City Hall (1871–1901). The architectural style was closely connected with Haussmann's renovation of Paris carried out during the Second Empire; the new buildings, such as the Opéra, were intended as the focal points of the new boulevards.
Fabulous (Jaheim song)
"Fabulous" is a song by American singer Jaheim, featuring guest vocals by Tha' Rayne. It served as the first single from his second studio album Still Ghetto (2002). It was produced by KayGee and Eddie Berkeley, containing a sample from "Wake Up Everybody" by Harold Melvin and the Blue Notes. "Fabulous" peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart, also reaching number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as number one on the Adult R&B Songs for three weeks from February 1, 2003 to February 22, 2003. An accompanying music video for it was shot in August 2002 in New Jersey, and includes appearances by Mary J. Blige and Tha' Rayne.

Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes
Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes were an American soul and R&B vocal group. One of the most popular Philadelphia soul groups of the 1970s, the group's repertoire included soul, R&B, doo-wop, and disco. Founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the middle of the 1950s as The Charlemagnes, the group is most noted for several hits on Gamble and Huff's Philadelphia International label between 1972 and 1976, although they performed and recorded until Melvin's death in 1997. Despite group founder and original lead singer Harold Melvin's top billing, the Blue Notes' most famous member was Teddy Pendergrass, their lead singer during the successful years at Philadelphia International. The remaining members of the Blue Notes have reunited for Soul Train Cruises in 2013, 2015, and 2017.
Barefoot Bay, Florida
Barefoot Bay is an unincorporated, deed-restricted manufactured home community, recreation district, and water and sewer district in southern Brevard County, Florida. The population at the 2010 United States census was 9,808.

Barefoot Bay is the largest manufactured home community in the state of Florida. It is located entirely within the unincorporated community of Micco on the Indian River Lagoon. It is part of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the residents are retirees & snowbirds. The nearest commercial area is in Sebastian in Indian River County. Barefoot Bay shares the 32976 Sebastian zipcode as well as the 772 area code.

Snowbird (person)
A snowbird is a person who migrates from the colder northern parts of North America to warmer southern locales, typically during the winter. The southern locales include the Sun Belt and Hawaii in the United States, as well as Mexico and the Caribbean. Snowbirds used to primarily be retired or older, but are increasingly of all ages.

Conversely, a sunbird is one who leaves warmer locales in the summer, migrating to cooler locales such as higher elevations or more northerly regions.
Ballon d'Or Dream Team
The Ballon d'Or Dream Team is an all-time all-star team published by France Football on 14 December 2020 after conducting an internet poll of fans to select a football dream team starting from October 2020. The final team was selected by 140 France Football correspondents around the world. A second and a third team were also published.

France Football
France Football is a French monthly magazine containing football news from all over the world. It is considered to be one of the most reputable sports publications in Europe, mostly because of its photographic reports, in-depth and exclusive interviews and accurate statistics of the UEFA Champions League matches, and extensive coverage of the European leagues. The magazine was first published in 1946 and is headquartered in Paris. For more than six decades it has presented the Ballon d'Or award to the best football player of the year.
Central Highland (Japan)
The Central Highland (中央高地, Chūō Kōchi), or Koshin Region (甲信地方, Kōshin Chihō), is an inland region on central Honshū in Japan. It forms the central part of the Chūbu region.

It comprises most of Nagano and Yamanashi Prefectures, as well as the Hida area of Gifu Prefecture. Sometimes Tōnō area of Gifu Prefecture is included.

The humid continental climate of the region gives large temperature differences between summers and winters, and between days and nights. Precipitation is light throughout the year. The more northern and western portions of this region tend to experience heavy snow during the winter with lower daytime temperatures resembling parts of Northern Japan and Hokkaido more so than its neighbor prefectures.

In the Edo period, the Nakasendō and Kōshū Kaidō ran through the Central Highland.

Kōshū Kaidō
The Kōshū Kaidō (甲州街道) was one of the five routes or major highways of the Edo period. It was built to connect Edo (modern-day Tokyo) with Kai Province in modern-day Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. The route continues from there to connect with the Nakasendō's Shimosuwa-shuku in Nagano Prefecture. Many feudal lords from Shinano Province made use of the road during sankin-kōtai, including those from the Takatō, Suwa and Iida domains.

The Kōshū Kaidō's route is followed closely by the modern Route 20.
Foose, Missouri
Foose is an unincorporated community in western Dallas County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community lies on Missouri Route EE, just west of U.S. Route 65, approximately seven miles south-southwest of Buffalo. The Dallas-Polk county line is two miles west along Route EE. The community is at an elevation of 1207 feet and Greasy Creek, a tributary of the Niangua River, drains the area to the east of Route 65.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Étienne Mathieu
Étienne Mathieu (November 21, 1804 – January 16, 1872) was a farmer, land owner and political figure in Quebec. He represented L'Assomption in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1871 as a Conservative.

He was born in Lachenaie, Lower Canada, the son of Jean-Marie Mathieu and Josephte Quenneville. Mathieu was educated at the Collège Masson à Terrebonne. In 1830, he married Josephte Duprat. He was a major in the militia, a justice of the peace and president of the agricultural society at Lachenaie. He was also a school commissioner and was mayor of Lachenaie from 1867 to 1869. Mathieu died in Lachenaie at the age of 67.

Lachenaie, Quebec
Lachenaie was an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the Rivière des Mille-Îles. It is now part of the city of Terrebonne, and is in the Regional County Municipality of Les Moulins. In 2001, the population was 21,709.
2007 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B
Group B of the 2007 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group I of the 2007 Fed Cup. Five teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs.

2007 Fed Cup World Group II play-offs
The 2007 World Group II play-offs were four ties which involved the losing nations of the World Group II and four nations from the three Zonal Group I competitions. Nations that won their play-off ties entered the 2008 World Group II, while losing nations joined their respective zonal groups.
Edgar Bateman (drummer)
Edgar Leon Bateman Jr. (January 11, 1929 – May 18, 2010) was an American jazz drummer. He first recorded with Walt Dickerson and would later work with Eric Dolphy, Herbie Hancock, and Booker Ervin. His final recording was with Khan Jamal. He neither smoked nor drank alcohol and was said to be health conscious. He had rheumatic fever as a child and was from St. Louis. In St. Louis he and Oliver Nelson were in high school band together.

Booker Ervin
Booker Telleferro Ervin II (October 31, 1930 – August 31, 1970) was an American tenor saxophone player. His tenor playing was characterised by a strong, tough sound and blues/gospel phrasing. He is remembered for his association with bassist Charles Mingus.
Callum Botchar
Callum Botchar (born October 3, 1997) is a Canadian rugby union player.

Botchar, born in Ottawa, grew up in Vancouver and attended Magee Secondary School.

A back-row forward, Botchar came through the Pacific Pride academy. He had a season in New Zealand with New Plymouth Old Boys in 2023 and the following year was signed by NOLA Gold to play Major League Rugby.

Botchar was capped twice for Canada in 2022, playing matches against Belgium and Netherlands.

Pacific Pride (rugby union)
The Rugby Canada National Development Academy or Pacific Pride is a Canadian rugby union team that is based in Langford, British Columbia. The team acts as the high-performance development academy for Rugby Canada.
The Bedsit Tapes
The Bedsit Tapes is a compilation of songs recorded by the synthpop/new wave duo Soft Cell before their record contract with Some Bizzare Records. The album, released on 1 August 2005, collects various songs recorded in an amateur studio at Leeds Metropolitan University, then called Leeds Polytechnic, in Leeds. The album includes three tracks which appeared on their rare independent 1980 release, Mutant Moments. The album has received criticism for not being comprehensive enough, excluding several rare cuts which have appeared on previous bootlegs. David Ball, the keyboardist, comments on the album in the liner notes.

The album includes a cover version of the song "Paranoid", originally recorded by British heavy metal band Black Sabbath.

Some Bizzare Records
Some Bizzare Records was a British independent record label owned by Stevo Pearce. The label was founded in 1981, with the release of Some Bizzare Album, a compilation of unsigned bands including Depeche Mode, Soft Cell, The The, Neu Electrikk and Blancmange.
Castlebar railway station
Castlebar railway station serves the town of Castlebar in County Mayo, Ireland.

The station is on the Dublin–Westport/Galway railway line and is the penultimate stop on the line for services towards Westport. Passengers to or from Galway will need to travel to Athlone and change trains. Passengers to or from Ballina and Foxford must travel to Manulla Junction and change trains.

Athlone railway station
Athlone railway station is a station which serves the town of Athlone in County Roscommon and County Westmeath. It is located in the town on the east side of the river Shannon.

The station is an interchange station between the Dublin-Galway and Dublin-Westport rail services. In addition it is located adjacent to the town's bus station.

There are three platforms, of which Numbers 2 and 3 are an island platform.