hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese destroyer Hishi
Two Japanese destroyers have been named Hishi:

Japanese destroyer Hishi (1921), a Momi-class destroyer launched in 1921 and sunk in 1942

Japanese destroyer Hishi, a Tachibana-class destroyer scrapped incomplete on slip in 1945

Japanese destroyer Hishi (1921)
The Japanese destroyer Hishi (菱) was one of 21 Momi-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1910s. She was converted into a patrol boat (Patrol Boat No. 37) in 1940 and spent the Pacific War on escort duties, mostly in Japanese waters. The ship was sunk off Borneo by USS Pope on 24 January 1942 and was struck from the naval list on 10 April 1942.
Alsophila arfakensis
Alsophila arfakensis, synonym Cyathea kanehirae, is a species of tree fern native to western New Guinea, where it grows in montane forest at an altitude of 1600–2700 m. The trunk of this plant is erect and 1–4 m tall. Fronds may be bi- or tripinnate and 1–2 m in length. The rachis is smooth, while the stipe is dark and warty. The stipe is covered with flat, brown, scattered scales. Sori are borne near the fertile pinnule midvein. They are protected by small indusia that are cup-like in appearance.

Large and Braggins (2004) note that Rolla Tryon (1970) regarded Alsophila arfakensis and Cyathea kanehirae as synonyms, although it is still possible that they represent separate species.

Rolla M. Tryon Jr.
Rolla Milton Tryon Jr. (August 26, 1916 – August 20, 2001) was an American botanist who specialized in the systematics and evolution of ferns and other spore-dispersed plants (pteridology).  His particular focus and interest lay in two areas, historical biogeography of ferns and the taxonomy of tropical American ferns.
2021 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
The 2021 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour was the thirty-seventh season of the Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT), a stock car racing tour sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the Virginia is for Racing Lovers 200 at Martinsville Speedway on April 8 and concluded at Stafford Motor Speedway on September 25. Defending series champion Justin Bonsignore won another championship and his third in total after previously winning the 2018 title.

2018 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
The 2018 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour was the thirty-fourth season of the Whelen Modified Tour (WMT), a stock car racing tour sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the Performance Plus 150 presented by Safety-Kleen at Myrtle Beach Speedway on 17 March and concluded with the Sunoco World Series 150 at Thompson Speedway Motorsports Park on 14 October. Doug Coby entered the season as the defending Drivers' champion. 2018 marked the second season of the unification of the Whelen (Northern) Modified Tour and the Whelen Southern Modified Tour. Justin Bonsignore won the championship, 97 points ahead of Chase Dowling.
Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid  dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furthermore together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period. This Dynasty was founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne.

Vizier (Ancient Egypt)
The vizier was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists. The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.
Colleen Coover
Colleen Coover (born July 14, 1969) is a comic book artist and author based in Portland, Oregon and is known for creating the lesbian-themed erotic comic book Small Favors from Eros Comix, illustrator of the comic book limited series Banana Sunday from Oni Press, and for illustrating several short stories in X-Men: First Class from Marvel Comics.

Oni Press
Oni Press is an American independent comic book and graphic novel publisher based in Portland, Oregon, best known for publishing such series as Scott Pilgrim and Rick and Morty. In 2019, it became an imprint label following the company's merger with Lion Forge Comics. The merged company, Oni–Lion Forge Publishing Group (OLFPG), is owned by Polarity. Oni Press has remained the "predominant name used for publishing comics" by OLFPG.
Wakahiru-me
Wakahirume is a goddess of the rising sun in Japanese mythology in Shinto mythology. She is the daughter or younger sister of the sun goddess Amaterasu. Some interpretations view her as the personification of the morning sun.

She was involved in making garments for the kami. In some versions Wakahirume was killed when Susanoo threw a flayed pony at her while she was in Amaterasu's weaving hall as written in the Nihongi. The goddess also appears in the Jindaiki where the boat returning from Empress Jingū's sankan-gaisei (campaign for the three Korean kingdoms) tried to head to Nanba and could not go straight, they returned to Muko no minato Port (Kobe Port) to do some fortune-telling. Wakahirume no mikoto appeared and there was a divine message, 'I would like to stay in Ikuta Nagao no kuni'. Thus, Unagami no Isachi was ordered to enshrine her. This is today's Ikuta Shrine.

Morning
Morning is either the period from sunrise to noon, or the period from midnight to noon. In the first definition it is preceded by the twilight period of dawn, and there are no exact times for when morning begins (also true of evening and night) because it can vary according to one's latitude, and the hours of daylight at each time of year. However, morning strictly ends at noon, when afternoon starts.

Morning precedes afternoon, evening, and night in the sequence of a day. Originally, the term referred to sunrise.
Ferdinand Kulmer
Ferdinand Kulmer (29 January 1925 – 11 November 1998) was a Croatian abstract painter and teacher.

He studied at the Budapest Academy of Fine Arts, the Zagreb Academy of Fine Arts, and took special classes with Đuro Tiljak. Kulmer worked in the studio of Krsto Hegedušić, and for many years was a professor at the Zagreb Academy of Fine Arts.

Kulmer's paintings tend towards abstract or semi-abstract scenes, with his early compositions based on still life or interiors featuring calligraphic brushwork. He developed a more heavily textured style, turning later to a looser, more gestural style with mythical themes that includes dancing calligraphic shapes. He designed costumes for two films by Vatroslav Mimica and Veljko Bulajic.

Member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

In 1990, Kulmer received the Vladimir Nazor Award for lifetime achievement in the visual arts.

Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb
The Museum of Contemporary Art (Croatian: Muzej suvremene umjetnosti, often abbreviated to MSU) is a contemporary art museum located on Dubrovnik Avenue in Zagreb, Croatia. It is the biggest and most modern museum in the country. Vesna Meštrić is current director of MSU, replacing Zdenka Badovinac in late 2023 first temporarily and as of 2024 officially.
Troll Tales
Troll Tales is a Danish-German animated series from 2000 based on the books of Henning Kure. It involves three young trolls called Snapper, Tumbler and Willy Wee.

The series has been dubbed into English, German, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish, Hungarian, Russian and Dutch. It aired in Scandinavia on Cartoon Network, Boomerang and DR1, in Germany on ZDF and KiKA, in Hungary on Duna TV and in Belgium on Ketnet. All music was composed, performed and produced by John Mitchell and Tom Keenlyside at Anitunes Music Inc.

All episodes were released on DVD in Russia with Russian and English audio tracks.

DR1
DR1 (DR Et) is the flagship television channel of the Danish Broadcasting Corporation (DR). It became Denmark's first television station when it began broadcasting in 1951 – at first only for an hour a day, three times a week.

Besides its productions, the channel also broadcasts co-productions with other Nordic countries through Nordvision and numerous programmes from English-speaking countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, all in the original language with Danish subtitles. Its news programme is called TV Avisen.
Friedrich Hohe
Friedrich Hohe (1802 – 7 June 1870) was a German lithographer and painter. Born in Bayreuth, Bavaria, in 1802, his first painting teacher was his father, who was himself a painter. In 1820 he entered the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (also known as the Munich Academy). Thereafter, from 1823 till near the end of his life, he devoted himself to lithography.

In 1826 Hohe visited Italy with landscape painter Carl Rottmann. Two years later, he undertook publication of the Leuchtenberg Gallery (1831), and subsequently collaborated with Hanfstängl in the production of the Dresden Gallery (1864–1869).

Late in life, Hohe attempted landscape painting but was not very successful in it. He died in Munich on 7 June 1870. Hohe's older brother Nikolaus Christian Hohe (1798–1868) was also a painter.

Leuchtenberg
Leuchtenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈlɔʏçtn̩ˌbɛʁk]) is a municipality in the district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Bavaria, Germany, essentially a suburb of nearby Weiden in der Oberpfalz, and a larger historical region in the Holy Roman Empire governed by the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg.
Mike Lichten
Mike Lichten is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for the University of New England, a position he has held since the inception of the program in 2017. New England began play in 2018. Lichten was the head football coach at Becker College in Leicester, Massachusetts from 2011 to 2015. He is a native of Newton, Massachusetts, and graduated from the University of New Hampshire in 2008.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Christmas in the Sand (song)
"Christmas in the Sand" is a Christmas song recorded by American singer-songwriter Colbie Caillat. It was written by Caillat, Jason Reeves and Kara DioGuardi and produced by Colbie's father, Ken Caillat. The song was released as the first single from her first Christmas album Christmas in the Sand. The song was released to SoundCloud on October 15, 2012 through Universal Republic.

Kara DioGuardi
Kara Elizabeth DioGuardi (/ˈkærə ˌdiːoʊˈɡwɑːrdi/ KARR-ə DEE-oh-GWAR-dee;  December 9, 1970) is an American songwriter, record producer, music publisher, A&R executive, and singer. She primarily writes music in the pop rock genre. She has worked with many popular artists; sales of albums on which her songs appear exceed 160 million worldwide. DioGuardi is a 2011 NAMM Music for Life Award winner, 2009 NMPA Songwriter Icon Award winner, 2007 BMI Pop Songwriter of the Year, and has received 20 BMI Awards for co-writing songs.

DioGuardi was a judge on American Idol for its eighth and ninth seasons. In 2008, she was appointed to the position of executive vice president of talent development at Warner Bros. Records; she has signed acts such as Jason Derulo and Iyaz. In 2011, she was a head judge on the Bravo singer-songwriter competition series Platinum Hit.
Helvella fibrosa
Helvella fibrosa is a species of fungus in the family Helvellaceae of the order Pezizales. It was originally known as Octospora villosa when first scientifically described by the German botanist Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wallroth in 1833, and was placed in a number of different genera throughout the decades, including Peziza, Fuckelina, and Cyathipodia. The current generic placement was proposed by Richard P. Korf in 2008.

Pezizales
The Pezizales are an order of the subphylum Pezizomycotina within the phylum Ascomycota. The order contains 16 families, 199 genera, and 1683 species. It contains a number of species of economic importance, such as morels, the black and white truffles, and the desert truffles. The Pezizales can be saprobic, mycorrhizal, or parasitic on plants. Species grow on soil, wood, leaves and dung. Soil-inhabiting species often fruit in habitats with a high pH and low content of organic matter, including disturbed ground. Most species occur in temperate regions or at high elevation. Several members of the Sarcoscyphaceae and Sarcosomataceae are common in tropical regions.
Kinoshita–Lee–Nauenberg theorem
The Kinoshita–Lee–Nauenberg theorem or KLN theorem states that perturbatively the Standard Model as a whole is infrared (IR) finite. That is, the infrared divergences coming from loop integrals are canceled by IR divergences coming from phase space integrals.  It was introduced independently by Toichiro Kinoshita (1962) and Tsung-Dao Lee and Michael Nauenberg (1964).

An analogous result for quantum electrodynamics alone is known as Bloch–Nordsieck theorem.

Ultraviolet divergences in perturbative quantum field theory are dealt with in renormalization.

Physical Review
Physical Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal was established in 1893 by Edward Nichols. It publishes original research as well as scientific and literature reviews on all aspects of physics. It is published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal is in its third series, and is split in several sub-journals each covering a particular field of physics. It has a sister journal, Physical Review Letters, which publishes shorter articles of broader interest.
Japanese cemeteries and cenotaphs
Many Japanese cemeteries (日本人墓地, Nihonjin bochi) and cenotaphs are located outside of Japan for Japanese people who have died in war or other historical events. This article lists graves, tombs and burial places.

Banzai Cliff
Banzai Cliff is a historical site at the northern tip of Saipan island in the Northern Mariana Islands, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Towards the end of the Battle of Saipan in 1944, hundreds of Japanese civilians and soldiers (of the Imperial Japanese Army) jumped off the cliff to their deaths in the ocean and rocks below, to avoid being captured by the Americans. Not far away, a high cliff named Suicide Cliff overlooks the coastal plain, and was another site of numerous suicides. At Banzai Cliff, some who jumped did not die and were captured by American ships.

A 7.5-acre (3.0 ha) area at the site was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1976.  The site is also a contributing site in the Landing Beaches; Aslito/Isley Field; & Marpi Point, Saipan Island historic district, which was recognized in 1985 as a U.S. National Historic Landmark District.
NASCAR Camping World Truck Series at Sonoma Raceway
The DoorDash 250 was an annual NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race at Sonoma Raceway.

The race was previously held during the first four years of the Truck Series (from 1995 to 1998), but was dropped for 1999 as the series' second road course date moved to Portland International Raceway. At the time, the track was known as Sears Point International Raceway and the race was held in October as a standalone race from the Cup Series schedule.

Portland International Raceway
Portland International Raceway (PIR) is a motorsport facility located in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is part of the Delta Park complex on the former site of Vanport, just south of the Columbia River. It lies west of the Delta Park/Vanport light rail station and less than a mile west of Interstate 5.
FIM Trial European Championship
The FIM Trials European Championship is organised by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme and has been held since 1992. The championship gives up and coming riders a chance to compete at international level against top class riders, many who have progressed to become champions in the FIM Trial World Championship such as current champion Toni Bou and past champions Dougie Lampkin and Adam Raga

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Electroless copper plating
Electroless copper plating is a chemical process that deposits an even layer of copper on the surface of a solid substrate, like metal or plastic. The process involves dipping the substrate in a water solution containing copper salts and a reducing agent such as formaldehyde.

Unlike electroplating, electroless plating processes in general do not require passing an electric current through the bath and the substrate; the reduction of the metal cations in solution to metallic is achieved by purely chemical means, through an autocatalytic reaction.  Thus electroless plating creates an even layer of metal regardless of the geometry of the surface – in contrast to electroplating which suffers from uneven current density due to the effect of substrate shape on the electric field at its surface. Moreover, electroless plating can be applied to non-conductive surfaces.

Current density
In electromagnetism, current density is the amount of charge per unit time that flows through a unit area of a chosen cross section. The current density vector is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the electric current per cross-sectional area at a given point in space, its direction being that of the motion of the positive charges at this point. In SI base units, the electric current density is measured in amperes per meter square.
Peter Kemp (civil servant)
Sir Edward Peter Kemp, KCB (10 October 1934 – 24 June 2008), commonly known as Peter Kemp, was an English civil servant.

Kemp was educated at Millfield School, which he left in 1949. An early career in the Royal Navy was cut short by illness and he followed this up with work as an accountant. Kemp entered the civil service in 1967; promoted to deputy secretary at HM Treasury in 1983, in 1988 he was made Second Permanent Secretary at in the Office of the Minister for the Civil Service at the Cabinet Office (in 1992, this became the Office of Public Service and Science); in the role, he had responsibility for implementing the Next Steps reforms which separated administrative and policy work from delivery by creating government agencies. He left the civil service in 1992.

Cabinet Office
The Cabinet Office is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for supporting the prime minister and Cabinet. It is composed of various units that support Cabinet committees and coordinate the delivery of government objectives via other departments. As of December 2021, it had more than 10,200 staff, mostly civil servants, some of whom work in Whitehall. Staff working in the Prime Minister's Office are part of the Cabinet Office.
Fuller Warren Bridge
The Fuller Warren Bridge is the prestressed-concrete girder bridge that carries Interstate 95 (I-95) across the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida. The current structure was finished in October 2002, replacing the original bascule-bridge span, finished in 1954.

The current bridge was designed by HNTB Corporation in 1990 and built by Balfour Beatty Construction. It is over 7,500 ft (2,286 m) long, with a main span of 250 feet (76 m), and a vertical clearance of 75 ft (23 m). When completed in 2000, it carried eight lanes across the span.

In the spring of 2018, a construction project began to add two more lanes and a shared-use path to the bridge which was completed in spring 2023.

The eastern end of the transcontinental Interstate 10 (I-10) meets I-95 just west of the bridge.

Interstate 10
Interstate 10 (I-10) is the southernmost transcontinental highway in the Interstate Highway System of the United States. It is the fourth-longest Interstate in the country at 2,460.34 miles (3,959.53 km), following I-90, I-80, and I-40. It was part of the originally planned Interstate Highway network that was laid out in 1956, and its last section was completed in 1990.

I-10 stretches from the Pacific Ocean at State Route 1 (SR 1, Pacific Coast Highway) in Santa Monica, California, to I-95 in Jacksonville, Florida. Other major cities connected by I-10 include (from west to east) Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tucson, Las Cruces, El Paso, San Antonio, Houston, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Mobile, Pensacola, and Tallahassee. Over one-third of its total length is within the state of Texas, where the freeway spans the state at its widest breadth.
Semien Bench
Semien Bench is a woreda in South West Ethiopia Peoples' Region, Ethiopia. It is named for the Bench people. Part of the Bench Maji Zone, Semien Bench is bordered on the southwest by Debub Bench, on the west by Sheko, on the northwest by the Sheka Zone, on the east by the Keffa Zone, and on the southeast by She Bench. Semien Bench is part of former Bench woreda.

Bench Sheko
Bench Sheko (previously known as Bench Maji) is a zone in the South West Ethiopia Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Bench Sheko is bordered on the south and southeast by West Omo, on the west by the Gambela Region on the north by Sheka, and on the east by Keffa. The administrative center of Bench Sheko is Mizan Teferi.
Mitsuhiro Suzuki
Mitsuhiro Suzuki (鈴木 光広, Suzuki Mitsuhiro; born 2 February 1963) is a Japanese former cyclist. He competed in the road race at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He is currently general manager of the Bridgestone–Anchor cycling team.

Cycling at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, was held on September 27, 1988. There were 136 participants from 54 nations in the race over 196.80 km, with 27 cyclists who did not finish. The maximum number of cyclists per nation was three, down from four in previous editions of the event. The event was won by Olaf Ludwig of East Germany, the first medal for the nation in the men's individual road race (and first victory for any German cyclist). West Germany also earned its first medals in the event, with Bernd Gröne's silver and Christian Henn's bronze.