hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blowing from Guns in British India
Blowing from Guns in British India, sometimes shortened to Blowing from Guns, was a painting (presumed destroyed) by the Russian artist Vasily Vereshchagin. The painting depicts the execution of Namdhari Sikhs by being "blown from a gun" in January, 1872. A work of Orientalist art, the painting was produced by Vereshchagin as part of a trilogy of works depicting capital punishment, titled Eye for Eye, Tooth for Tooth.

When the work was exhibited in the 1880s, audiences mistakenly believed that it showed sepoys being executed in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. This misconception persists; Vereshchagin never corrected the mistake, while some period newspapers correctly identified the subject matter. Vereshchagin's English-language exhibition catalogs referred to the painting as Blowing from Guns in British India, but it is now misleadingly known as Suppression of the Indian Revolt by the English.

Sepoy
A sepoy (/ˈsiːpɔɪ/) was the designation given to an Indian infantryman armed with a musket in the armies of the Mughal Empire and the British East India Company.

In the 18th century, the French East India Company and its European counterparts employed locally recruited soldiers within India, mainly consisting of infantry designated as "sepoys". The largest sepoy force, trained along European lines, served the British East India Company.

The term "sipahi" (or sometimes "sepoy") continues in use in the Indian, Pakistan and Nepalese armies, where it denotes the rank of private.
Cullen (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Cullen in Banffshire was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

The Parliament of Scotland ceased to exist with the Act of Union 1707, and the commissioner for Cullen, Patrick Ogilvy, was one of those co-opted to represent Scotland in the first Parliament of Great Britain. From the 1708 general election Banff, Cullen, Elgin, Inverurie and Kintore comprised the Elgin district of burghs, electing one Member of Parliament between them.

Cullen, Moray
Cullen (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Cuilinn) is a village and former royal burgh in Moray but historically in Banffshire, Scotland, on the North Sea coast. The village had a population of 1,327 in 2001. The organs of the wife of Robert the Bruce are said to have been buried in its old kirk after her death in Cullen Castle. Robert made an annual payment to the village in gratitude for the treatment of his wife's body and its return south for burial. In 2000, the recent non-payment of this sum by the government was challenged and settled to the village's favour.
Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase
Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase also known as cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase or cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CYP7A1 gene which has an important role in cholesterol metabolism. It is a cytochrome P450 enzyme, which belongs to the oxidoreductase class, and converts cholesterol to 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, the first and rate limiting step in bile acid synthesis.

The inhibition of cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) represses bile acid biosynthesis.

Small heterodimer partner
The small heterodimer partner (SHP)  also known as NR0B2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR0B2 gene. SHP is a member of the nuclear receptor family of intracellular transcription factors.  SHP is unusual for a nuclear receptor in that it lacks a DNA binding domain.  Therefore, it is technically neither a transcription factor nor nuclear receptor but nevertheless it is still classified as such due to relatively high sequence homology with other nuclear receptor family members.
Peter Soriano
Peter Soriano (born 1959) is a Franco-American contemporary artist and sculptor. His works are included in numerous public collections, including the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Morgan Library & Museum in New York, the Harvard Art Museums in Massachusetts, the Yale University Art Gallery in New Haven,  the Portland Museum of Art in Maine, and the Fonds national d'art contemporain (FNAC) and Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain in Paris.

Yale University Art Gallery
The Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG) is an  art museum in New Haven, Connecticut. It houses a major encyclopedic collection of art in several interconnected buildings on the campus of Yale University. Although it embraces all cultures and periods, the gallery emphasizes early Italian Renaissance painting, African sculpture, and modern art. It is the oldest university art museum in the Western Hemisphere.
Kwesimintsim (Ghana parliament constituency)
Kwesimintsim is a constituency represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Philip Fiifi Buckman is the member of parliament for the constituency. The Kwesimintsim constituency is located in the Effia-Kwesimintsim Municipality of the Western Region of Ghana.

Western Region (Ghana)
The Western region, located in south Ghana, spreads from the Ivory Coast (Comoé District) in the west to the Central region in the east, includes the capital and large twin city of Sekondi-Takoradi on the coast, coastal Axim, and a hilly inland area including Elubo. It includes Ghana's southernmost location, Cape Three Points, where crude oil was discovered in commercial quantities in June 2007. The region covers an area of 13,842 km2, and had a population of 2,060,585 at the 2021 Census. It has a coastline that stretches from South Ghana's border with the Ivory Coast to the boundary with the Central region on the east.
Božidar Petranović
Božidar Petranović (18 February 1809 – 12 September 1874) was a Serbian author, scholar, journalist, and one of the leading historians of Serbian literature and a distinctive proponent of world literature. He is also mentioned as Theodor (Greek version of Serbian Božidar) Petranović in some publications. He is regarded as one of the early Serbian bibliographers.

Serbian literature
Serbian literature (Serbian Cyrillic: Српска књижевност, Srpska književnost), refers to literature written in Serbian and/or in Serbia and all other lands where Serbs reside.

The history of Serbian literature begins with the independent works from the Nemanjić dynasty era, if not before. With the fall of Serbia and neighboring countries in the 15th century, there is a gap in the literary history in the occupied land. Serbian literature, however, continued uninterrupted in Serbian-inhabited lands under European rule and saw a revival with Baroque works published in the 18th century in what is today Vojvodina. Serbia gained independence following the Serbian Revolution (1804–1815) and Serbian literature has since prospered. Several Serbian writers have achieved international fame.
Citrus warburgiana
Citrus warburgiana, the kakamadu or New Guinea wild lime, grows on the south coast of the Papuan Peninsula near Alotau in Papua-New Guinea.

It is a poorly known tree species. It has dark green, spherical fruits about 30 millimetres (1.2 in) in diameter. It is taxonomically an Australian lime:

This wild lime is a species of Microcitrus according to the Swingle system, called Microcitrus warburgiana, and according to the classification of David Mabberley, it is to be called Citrus warburgiana. It is the only Microcitrus coming from outside Australia. Being native to New Guinea, the closest Microcitrus to it is 1,600 kilometres (1,000 mi) away, namely Citrus garrawayi.

Papuan Peninsula
The Papuan Peninsula, also known as the Bird's Tail Peninsula, is a large peninsula in Papua New Guinea, southeast of the city of Lae, that makes up the southeastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The peninsula is the easternmost extent of the New Guinea Highlands and consists largely of the Owen Stanley Range, with peaks such as Mount Victoria (4,038 m) and Mount Suckling (3,676 m). On the south coast is Port Moresby, the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea.

The island of New Guinea is often visualized as being in the shape of a bird, with the Bird's Head Peninsula being at the northwest end of the island, and the Bird's Tail Peninsula at the southeast end. For example, American soldiers in WWII visualized it specifically as a turkey, and referenced the anatomy of the bird as a shorthand for explaining where various actions and deployments occurred on the island.

The island has also been visualised as a lizard.
Suharna Surapranata
Suharna Surapranata (born 14 December 1955) is an Indonesian physicist and politician from Bandung, West Java. He served as State Minister for Research and Technology in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet between 2009 and 2011, succeeding Kusmayanto Kadiman, until a reshuffle on 18 October 2011, replaced by Gusti Muhammad Hatta. He is a graduate of the Bandung Institute of Technology and the University of Indonesia.

He is co-founder of the Prosperous Justice Party and served as Chairman of the Central Advisory Council (MPP). He is also co-founder of the Scientists Society of Indonesia (MITI).

Prosperous Justice Party
The Prosperous Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, sometimes called the Justice and Prosperity Party, Indonesian name literally translated "Party of Secure/Peaceful Justice"), frequently abbreviated to PKS, and formerly the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK), is an Islamist political party in Indonesia.

PKS is a metamorphosis from the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK) established in 1998. The party was originally influenced by the Muslim Brotherhood movement of Egypt, and considered an Islamist party for its calls for Islam to play a central role in public life, as well as providing political support to Indonesian and international Islamist movements such as the Islamic Defenders Front 212 Movement. Today, it is considered a nationalist Islamist party that conforms with Pancasila doctrine and no longer upholds sharia as a main goal.
Daisuke Nakata
Daisuke Nakata (中田 大輔, Nakata Daisuke, born March 2, 1974 in Mikawa, Ishikawa, Japan) is a trampoline gymnast who competed for Japan in the 2000 Summer Olympics. Daisuke also performs on SASUKE (known in America as Ninja Warrior), where he is one of the most well-known competitors. On the trampoline, Nakata can jump as high as 26 feet.

Mikawa, Ishikawa
Mikawa (美川町, Mikawa-machi) was a town located in Ishikawa District, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 12,918 and a density of 1,416.45 persons per km2. The total area was 9.12 km2.

On February 1, 2005, Mikawa, along with the city of Mattō, the town of Tsurugi, and the villages of Kawachi, Oguchi, Shiramine, Torigoe and Yoshinodani (all from Ishikawa District), was merged to create the city of Hakusan and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

A new joint-venture car assembly factory is scheduled to be built in the outskirts.
Cycling in Atlanta
Cycling in Atlanta has grown in popularity in recent years, from 0.33% of commutes in 2000 to 1.1% in 2009, aided by improving cycling infrastructure and community support. Although Atlanta has historically been a city defined by the automobile, its increasingly compact urban form and mild climate are encouraging residents to cycle to work, shopping, and recreational destinations. Though Atlanta's famed hilly topography can make cycling challenging, though fun, many parts of the city are relatively flat, including some of the more densely populated areas. However, heavy automobile traffic, the lack of bike lanes on many streets, and difficulty in crossing major streets deter most residents from cycling frequently in Atlanta.

Woodruff Park
Woodruff Park, named for Robert W. Woodruff, is located in the heart of Downtown Atlanta, Georgia. The park's 6 acres (2.4 ha) are north of Edgewood Ave, between Peachtree Street NE and Park Place NE.  The park includes a fountain, a performance pavilion, and several monuments.
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (soundtrack)
The soundtrack for the 2018 American animated superhero film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse, based on the Miles Morales incarnation of the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man and produced by Sony Pictures Animation, consists of a soundtrack featuring original songs written for and inspired by the film and an original score composed by Daniel Pemberton. The soundtrack was released under the title Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (Soundtrack from & Inspired by the Motion Picture) under the Republic Records label on December 14, 2018, while Pemberton's score was released as Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (Original Score) under the Sony Classical label three days later.

The Japanese version has its own theme song titled “P.S. RED I” by TK from Ling Tosite Sigure.

Toru Kitajima
Toru Kitajima (Japanese: 北嶋 徹, Hepburn: Kitajima Tōru; born December 23, 1982 in Machida, Tokyo), better known as TK, is a Japanese musician and singer-songwriter. He rose to prominence as lead vocalist, guitarist and songwriter of the rock band Ling Tosite Sigure, which formed in 2002. In 2011, he started to release solo material as TK from Ling Tosite Sigure (TK from 凛として時雨).
Oda Malmin
Oda Malmin (born 1987) is a Norwegian novelist.

She hails from Gausel/Forus in Stavanger. She was hired as an editor in the Nynorsk publishing house Det Norske Samlaget. She has released two novels on Aschehoug, Steinauge (2018) and Skinliv (2021).

Steinauge was reviewed in Stavanger Aftenblad, Klassekampen, Adresseavisen and Øy-Blikk. Skinliv was reviewed in Klassekampen, Dagbladet (dice throw 6), Dag og Tid and Stavanger Aftenblad.

Newspapers of Sunnmøre
The history of publishing newspapers in Sunnmøre, a region in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway, stretches from 1808, and is continuous to the present day. The overarching newspaper in the region is Sunnmørsposten, with a plethora of newspapers covering specific municipalities of the region.
1994 Goodwrench 500
The 1994 Goodwrench 500 was the second stock car race of the 1994 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, February 27, 1994, in Rockingham, North Carolina, at North Carolina Speedway, a 1.017 miles (1.637 km) permanent high-banked racetrack. The race took the scheduled 492 laps to complete. At race's end, Penske Racing South driver Rusty Wallace would manage to dominate the majority of the race to take his 32nd career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Morgan–McClure Motorsports driver Sterling Marlin and Precision Products Racing driver Rick Mast would finish second and third, respectively.

Morgan–McClure Motorsports
Morgan–McClure Motorsports was an American auto racing team that competed in the NASCAR Cup Series full-time until 2007. It operated for 28 years, starting in 1983 and ending in 2012. The team was most notable for running the No. 4 from 1983 to 2010. The team notably won the Daytona 500 three times during the 1990s. They won with Ernie Irvan in 1991, then won back-to-back in 1994–1995 with Sterling Marlin. Irvan (1992) and Marlin (1996) also each won the Pepsi 400 for a total of five points-paying wins at Daytona for the team over a six-year period.
Teithras
Teithras (Ancient Greek: Τείθρας) or Tithras (Τίθρας) was a deme of ancient Attica, of the phyle of Aegeis, sending four delegates to the Athenian Boule.

As evidenced by the discovery of a sacred calendar, the deme revered Athena, Zeus, Heracles, Kore, and the heroes Datylus and Teithras. There was also a sanctuary of Dionysus, in which theatrical performances took place. In ancient times the dried figs produced in this deme were famous.

In The Frogs by Aristophanes, the "Gorgons of Teithras" are characters invented by Aeacus to scare Dionysus. The playwright probably referred to the women of the deme, who were considered terrible and ugly by contemporary Athenians.

Its site is located near modern Pikermi.

Phyle
Phyle (Greek: φυλή, romanized: phulē, lit. 'tribe, clan'; pl. phylai, φυλαί; derived from Greek φύεσθαι, phyesthai lit. 'to descend, to originate') is an ancient Greek term for tribe or clan. Members of the same phyle were known as symphyletai (Greek: συμφυλέται) meaning 'fellow tribesmen'. During the late 6th century BC, Cleisthenes organized the population of Athens in ten phylai (tribes), each consisting of three trittyes ("thirtieths"), with each trittys comprising a number of demes. Tribes and demes had their own officers and were self-administered. Some phylai can be classified by their geographic location, such as the Geleontes, the Argadeis, the Hopletes, and the Agikoreis in Ionia, as well as the Hylleans, the Pamphyles, the Dymanes in Doris.
Devon Preparatory School
Devon Preparatory School is a Catholic all-male college preparatory school in Tredyffrin Township, Pennsylvania, in the United States, with a Devon postal address. Founded in 1956 by Piarists, it is divided into a middle school (grades 6–8) and an upper school (grades 9–12), both located on the same 20 acres (8.1 ha) campus. The school operates independently under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia.

Archdiocese of Philadelphia
The Archdiocese of Philadelphia (Latin: Archidiœcesis Philadelphiensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania in the United States. The seat of the archbishop is the Cathedral Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul in Philadelphia. Nelson J. Pérez is the archbishop.
Sidney Armor Reeve
Sidney Armor Reeve (March 27, 1866, in Dayton, Ohio - June 12, 1941, in Nyack, NY) was a writer and professor of Steam and Hydraulic Engineering at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute between 1896-1906. During his time at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Reeve was an active member in the Pi Iota Chapter of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. He was employed as a consulting engineer in New York City between 1908 and 1932 and held over 50 patents on inventions.

Phi Gamma Delta
Phi Gamma Delta (ΦΓΔ), commonly known as Phi Gam and sometimes written as FIJI, is a North American social fraternity with 139 active chapters and 13 colonies across the United States and Canada. It was founded at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, in 1848. Along with Phi Kappa Psi, Phi Gamma Delta forms half of the Jefferson Duo. Since its founding, the fraternity has initiated more than 211,000 brothers.
Freedom People's Front
The Freedom People's Front (abbreviated FPF; Sinhala: නිදහස් ජනතා පෙරමුණ Nidahas Janathā Peramuna; Tamil: சுதந்திர மக்கள் முன்னணி Cutantira Makkaḷ Muṉṉaṇi) is a Sri Lankan political party founded by Dr Nalaka Godahewa as the Bahujana Viyath Peramuna. The party has existed since 2018 but was officially registered by the Election Commission of Sri Lanka only in  December 2022. Since then, the party is recognized as one of the 12 constituent parties of the Freedom People's Alliance formed alongside the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) in January 2023.

The party founder and leader, Dr. Godahewa, is also a member a group of MPs  who broke ranks with then government SLPP, the incumbent ruling party of Sri Lanka, in 2022. Both parties are members of the Freedom People's Alliance.

Freedom People's Alliance
The Freedom People's Alliance (abbreviated FPA; Sinhala: නිදහස් ජනතා සන්ධානය Nidahas Janathā Sandānaya; Tamil: சுதந்திர மக்கள் கூட்டணி Cutantira Makkaḷ Kūṭṭaṇi) was a political alliance in Sri Lanka founded in 2023. The alliance consisted of 12 political parties, including the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SFLP), the Uttara Lanka Sabhagaya and the Freedom People's Congress.

According to ULS chairman Wimal Weerawansa, the alliance does not have a single leader; instead, it has a leadership board.
Pentti Koskela
Pentti Koskela (27 November 1945 – 9 February 2024) was a Finnish ice hockey goaltender and Olympian.

Koskela played with Team Finland at the 1968 Winter Olympics held in Grenoble, France. He previously played for Ilves Tampere in SM-Liiga.

Koskela died on 9 February 2024, at the age of 78.

Finland men's national ice hockey team
The Finnish men's national ice hockey team, nicknamed Leijonat / Lejonen ("The Lions" in Finnish and Swedish), is governed by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association. Finland is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in the world and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, the United States, Czechia, Russia, and Sweden.

Finland won the world championship in 2022, their fourth title after 1995, 2011 and 2019. A duo of silver medals (1988, 2006) remained the country's best Olympic result until 2022 when the Finns won their first Olympic gold after defeating Russia. At the Canada/World Cup, their best achievement is a silver medal which they won in 2004.
Tadeusz Wolsza
Prof. Tadeusz Wojciech Wolsza (born 13 May 1956) originally from Oława, is a Polish historian and social scientist, professor at the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN); university lecturer, and board member of the Warsaw Institute of National Remembrance since 2011.

Wolsza graduated from the University of Wrocław. In 2007 he became vice-president of the Scientific Advisory Committee at the PAN Institute of History. He is the editor-in-chief of Dzieje Najnowsze refereed journal published by IH PAN. From 1999 Wolsza served as lecturer at the Instytute of Political Sciences of the Bydgoszcz Academy, followed by professorship at the Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz. In 2007 he was awarded the title of full professor. Wolsza is the author of over 200 publications including 11 books. He was selected by Sejm to the Board of the Institute of National Remembrance in 2011.

Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz
Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz (Polish: Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy; UKW), also known as the Casimir the Great University, is a state-funded university in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It was named after Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz III Wielki), the King of Poland (1333–70) who granted the city municipal rights on 19 April 1346.
2016 KPL Top 8 Cup
The 2016 KPL Top 8 Cup was the fifth edition of the tournament, which kicked off on 1 May and ended on 16 October. It was contested by the top 8 teams of the 2015 season of the Kenyan Premier League: A.F.C. Leopards, Bandari, Gor Mahia, Muhoroni Youth, Sofapaka, Tusker, Ulinzi Stars and Ushuru.

Gor Mahia were the defending champions of the competition, having won their second title in the previous season after beating Sony Sugar 2–1 after extra time in the final played at the Moi Stadium in Kisumu. However, they were beaten in the final by winners Muhoroni Youth, who picked up their first title of the competition and KSh. 1,000,000/= in prize money.

Ushuru F.C.
Ushuru Football Club is a Kenyan football club based in Nairobi. They play their home games at the Public Service Grounds, which have a capacity of 5,000.

The Kenya Revenue Authority is the club's main sponsor, and until 11 October 2014, the club was known as Kenya Revenue Authority Football Club.