hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pacoa jara
Pacoa jara, also known as Pacoa jara mbojo (Bimanese: Bima horse racing), is a type of traditional sport and/or race unique to the Bimanese people, located in the city of Bima on Sumbawa Island in West Nusa Tenggara province, which usually uses Sandalwood ponies. Nowadays, pacoa jara has developed into an annual competition regularly organized by the Governments of Bima Regency, Bima City, and Dompu Regency. Since 2016, the government of Indonesia has officially recognized pacoa jara as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia in the field of Traditional Skills and Craftsmanship originating from West Nusa Tenggara.

On average, the number of horses participating in these races can reach up to 800. The horses that compete are not only from Sumbawa Island; some come from various regions in Indonesia to participate.

Bimanese people
The Bimanese (Bima: Dou Mbojo; Indonesian: Orang Bima) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the eastern part of Sumbawa Island in West Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. With a population approaching a million people, they are the second largest ethnic group in West Nusa Tenggara.
Murasaki Shikibu Prize
The Murasaki Shikibu Prize (Japanese: 紫式部文学賞, romanized: Murasaki Shikibu bungaku shō) is a Japanese literary award awarded annually to an outstanding piece of literature in Japanese by a female author. It was established in 1991 by the city of Uji in Kyoto Prefecture in honor of Murasaki Shikibu's deep connection to the city of Uji. It awards a cash prize of 2 million yen, as well as a bronze statuette.

Uji
Uji (宇治市, Uji-shi) is a city on the southern outskirts of the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

Founded on March 1, 1951, Uji is between the two ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto. The city sits on the Uji River, which has its source in Lake Biwa.

As of 1 October 2020 Uji has a population of 179,630 and is the second largest city in Kyoto Prefecture. It has an area of 67.54 km2, giving it a population density of 2,660 persons per km2.
Gogyōka
Gogyohka (Japanese: 五行歌) is a five-line, untitled, Japanese poetic form. Unlike tanka (57577 syllables), Gogyohka has no restrictions on line length.

Poets such as Kenji Miyazawa, Jun Ishiwara, Yūgure Maeda, Hakushu Kitahara, Toson Yashiro and Shinobu Orikuchi have written five-line poetry as free-style tankas since the Taishō period around the 1910s. However, they did not name the form.

In 1983, Enta Kusakabe named it Gogyohka (五行歌) and for the first time laid out the five rules of five-line poetry. He trademarked Gogyohka in Japan. The form of English Gogyohka is the same as that of free English tanka because both are untitled and are written in five free lines. As of 2018, at least five Gogyohka magazines existed: Gogyohka, Hamakaze, Minami no kaze, Sai and Kojimachi club.

Taishō era
The Taishō era (大正時代, Taishō jidai; [taiɕoː dʑidai] ⓘ) was a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of Emperor Taishō. The new emperor brought on the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen (or genrō) to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties. Thus, the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as Taishō Democracy; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji era and the following militaristic-driven first part of the Shōwa era.
Willie Osley
Willie Osley (born April 10, 1951) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Illinois Fighting Illini. He played in the NFL for the New England Patriots and Kansas City Chiefs in 1974.

Illinois Fighting Illini football
The Illinois Fighting Illini football program represents the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) level. The Fighting Illini are a founding member of the Big Ten Conference, and have played their home games at Gies Memorial Stadium in Champaign, Illinois since 1923. The Fighting Illini are currently led by head coach Bret Bielema.

Illinois claims 15 Big Ten championships, ranking 4th-most among conference members, and 5 national championships, ranking 13th-most among NCAA Division 1 programs.  Illinois has had 27 Consensus All-Americans, and 15 former Illini have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame; in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, 6 former Illini have been inducted. Illinois has three trophy rivalries against Northwestern, Purdue, and Ohio State.
Gary E. Chamberlain
Gary E. Chamberlain (1948-2020) was a Harvard University  Louis Berkman Professor of Economics.  His main areas of research was in application of econometrics techniques to the analysis of education economics; that is on the  returns to education, the  effects of schools and their teachers on students test scores and later college attendance.  His academic standing led to several prestigious appointments including: National Academy of Sciences (elected to); American Economic Association (appointed a Distinguished Fellow );  American Academy of Arts and Sciences (a Distinguished Fellow ); the Econometric Society (appointed Fellow and Council member and gave its prestigious Fisher–Schultz Lecture in 2001).

The Journal of Econometrics published in 2022 a special edition in honour of Chamberlain.

He earned degrees from Harvard University (BA and PhD) and later taught at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.

American Economic Association
The American Economic Association (AEA) is a learned society in the field of economics, with approximately 23,000 members. It publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Review, and the Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Silver Muse
Silver Muse is a cruise ship owned by Silversea Cruises. It was constructed by Fincantieri in Genoa and joined the company's fleet in April 2017. It is the lead ship of Silversea’s Muse-class, the first of its kind, and was followed by her sister ships Silver Moon (2020) and Silver Dawn (2021).

Silversea Cruises
Silversea is a luxury cruise line and expedition travel brand headquartered in Monaco. Founded in 1994 by the Vlasov Group of Monaco and the Lefebvre family of Rome, it pioneered all-inclusive cruising with its first ship, Silver Cloud. Since July 2020, it has been owned by Royal Caribbean Group.
Hank Chapman
Henry Peter Chapman (May 3, 1915 – October 18, 1973), credited in comics under both his formal name and as Hank Chapman, was an American comic book writer for Marvel Comics' two predecessors, Timely Comics and Atlas Comics, and later for DC Comics, where he specialized in war fiction. Though much of his Timely/Atlas work went unsigned, comics historians estimate that Chapman, a staff writer, penned several hundred or more stories.

Among Chapman's works is an early self-reflexive comic-book story, in 1951, in which he and editor Stan Lee appear; and the creation, with artist Jack Abel, of the DC Comics character Sgt. Mule, a pack animal that helped its Allied keepers fight the Nazis in a variety of World War II stories.

G.I. Combat
G.I. Combat is an American comics anthology featuring war stories. It was published from 1952 until 1956 by Quality Comics, followed by DC Comics until its final issue in 1987. In 2012 it was briefly revived.
Naguabo barrio-pueblo
Naguabo barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Naguabo, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,514.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Vinícius Gurgel
Vinícius de Azevedo Gurgel (born 31 July 1978) is a Brazilian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2011. He is the son of Telma Gurgel, the brother of Hildegard Gurgel, and the brother-in-law of Aline Gurgel, and is married to Luciana Gurgel.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Gunnar von Hohenthal
Gunnar von Hohenthal (15 November 1880 – 23 June 1966) was a Finnish modern pentathlete. He competed for Russia at the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was also Lieutenant Colonel who served in both the Finnish Army and Imperial Russian Army. Hohenthal, who was of Swedish descent through his mother, moved to Sweden in 1944 and received Swedish citizenship in 1952.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
Purchena
Purchena is a small town in Almería, southern Spain.  It is situated at the foot of the Sierra de los Filabres, in the middle of the Almanzora River Valley, surrounded by woods which ascend towards the mountains, an environment which contrasts with the rest of the municipalities of the area which are set in much more arid surroundings.

Sierra de Los Filabres
Sierra de Los Filabres is the largest mountain range in Almería Province, Andalusia, Spain, measuring 50 km (31 mi) in length.

Its highest point, Calar Alto, also hosts an important astronomical observatory.
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (January–August 2012)
The following is an incomplete timeline of events that followed the Bahraini uprising of 2011 from January to August 2012. This phase saw the first anniversary protest of the Bahraini uprising, the largest demonstrations in the history, and the escalation of violent clashes between youths and security forces.

Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights
The Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights (BYSHR; Arabic: جمعية شباب البحرين لحقوق الإنسان, romanized: Jamʻīyat Shabāb al-Baḥrayn li-Ḥuqūq al-Insān) is a human rights organization of Bahrain founded in March 2005 which was active in the Bahraini uprising. The group "organises training workshops, monitors and documents human rights violations and participates in forming a regional network for young human rights activists in eight Arab countries". Mohammed al-Maskati serves as its president. The organization was founded by Mohammed al-Maskati and Hussain Jawad (who also served as its vice-president) among others.
Richard James Phin
Richard James Phin (1859 – 1939) was a farmer, rancher and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Pipestone in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1912 to 1921 as a Liberal.

He was born in Hespeler, Canada West, of Scottish descent, and was educated at Guelph Agricultural College. In 1883, he moved to Saskatchewan, settling in Moosomin, Saskatchewan. He married Mary Jane "Minnie" Cavanagh in 1884. Phin served on the Methodist church board in Moosomin. Phin established the Spring Creek Cheese Factory. In 1894, the family moved northeast to Elgin district to be closer to the Canadian Pacific Railway line. Phin served as president of the North Rural Telephone Company. He returned to Moosomin in 1930.

Ontario Agricultural College
The Ontario Agricultural College (OAC) originated at the agricultural laboratories of the Toronto Normal School, and was officially founded in 1874 as an associate agricultural college of the University of Toronto. Since 1964, it has become affiliated with the University of Guelph, which operates campuses in Guelph and Ridgetown and formerly in Alfred and Kemptville, all in Ontario.
David Crosson
David Crosson (born 24 November 1952) is an English former footballer who made 134 appearances in the Football League playing as a right back for Newcastle United and Darlington in the 1970s.

Crosson was born in Bishop Auckland, County Durham, and began his football career as a junior with Newcastle United. He made his first-team debut in the Texaco Cup in October 1973, and had a run of games in the First Division towards the end of the 1973–74 season. He was unable to dislodge long-time incumbent right-back David Craig, and in 1975 moved on to Fourth Division club Darlington on a free transfer. He played 128 league matches over the next five seasons, scoring twice, before moving into non-league football with Crook Town. Crosson then moved to Tasmania where he played for Rapid and the Tasmania representative side and later went into coaching.

Southern FC
Southern Football Club is a football club from Kingston, Tasmania, Australia. They compete in the Southern Championship of the Football Federation Tasmania. The club was formed in 2009 by the merger of two existing clubs, Kingston Cannons and Christian United.
John Simpson (journalist/consumer advocate)
John M. Simpson (born 1948) is an American consumer rights advocate and former journalist. Since 2005, he has worked for Consumer Watchdog, a nonpartisan nonprofit  public interest group, as the lead researcher on Inside Google, the group's effort to educate the public about Google's dominance over the internet and the need for greater online privacy and as director of the organization's Stem Cell Oversight and Accountability Project to ensure that California’s stem cell program, created by Proposition 71, served the interest of voters.

Consumer Watchdog
Consumer Watchdog (formerly the Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights) is a US non-profit, progressive organization which advocates for taxpayer and consumer interests, with a focus on insurance, health care, political reform, privacy and energy.

The organization was founded in 1985 by California Proposition 103 author Harvey Rosenfield and is headquartered in Santa Monica, California. Its chief officers include President Jamie Court and Executive Director Carmen Balber.
Stalin and His Hangmen
Stalin and His Hangmen: An Authoritative Portrait of a Tyrant and Those Who Served Him by Donald Rayfield, and the imprinted with another subtitle: Stalin and His Hangmen: The Tyrant and Those Who Killed for Him, is a 2004 political biography by Donald Rayfield, of Joseph Stalin and his subordinates who ran the Soviet secret police: Felix Dzerzhinsky, Vyacheslav Menzhinsky, Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov and Lavrentiy Beria.

The books are based on recent publication by Russian authors of material from Soviet archives that started to open after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and from some private holdings, including the Nestor Lakoba archive (acquired by the Hoover Institute). It demonstrates how Cheka and its successors were indispensable in Stalin's consolidation and maintenance of power.

Vyacheslav Menzhinsky
Vyacheslav Rudolfovich Menzhinsky (Russian: Вячесла́в Рудо́льфович Менжи́нский, Polish: Wiesław Rudolfowicz Mężyński; 31 August [O.S. 19 August] 1874 – 10 May 1934) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician who served as chairman of the OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union, from 1926 to 1934.

Born to Polish parents in Saint Petersburg, Menzhinsky joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1902. He emigrated from Russia in 1907, and spent the next decade in Europe and the United States. After the 1917 February Revolution, he joined the Cheka in 1919, and in 1923 was promoted to its deputy under  Felix Dzerzhinsky. After his death in 1926, Menzhinsky became head of the Cheka's successor, the OGPU. He worked to crush resistance in the countryside during Joseph Stalin's forced agricultural collectivization.
Bouchalès
Bouchalès or Grapput is a red French wine grape variety that is grown primarily in Bordeaux and Southwest France wine appellations. Plantings have declined in recent years as the vine has shown high sensitivity to downy mildew and black rot.

Old vine plantings of Bouchalès that more than a 100 years exist at Château de la Vieille-Chapelle in the Fronsac AOC located just northwest of the city of Libourne in the "Right Bank" region of Bordeaux. These vines are believed to be some of the oldest vines in Bordeaux (where only 27% of the vines average more than 30 years age ), having likely survived the phylloxera epidemic of the late 19th century due to the ancient Libournais practice of flooding the vineyards in winter which would disrupt the nymph stage in the life cycle of phylloxera.

Old vine
Old vine (French: vieilles vignes, German: alte Reben), a common description on wine labels, indicates that a wine is the product of grape vines that are notably old. There is a general belief that older vines, when properly handled, will give a better wine. There is no legal or generally agreed definition for old.
The Wrong Boy
The Wrong Boy, published in 2000, is playwright Willy Russell’s first novel.

Russell is mainly known for his plays Educating Rita and Shirley Valentine which have both been made into films, and Blood Brothers, a musical.

The Wrong Boy, like Educating Rita & Our Day Out, is about education; this time about a teenage boy who falls foul of the British educational system, and how he eventually ‘makes good’.

Educating Rita
Educating Rita is a stage comedy by British playwright Willy Russell. It is a play for two actors set entirely in the office of an Open University tutor.

Commissioned by the Royal Shakespeare Company, Educating Rita premièred at The Warehouse, London, in June 1980 starring Julie Walters and Mark Kingston. The play was directed by Mike Ockrent.
John Faircloth
Joseph Aubrey "John" Faircloth Jr. (born February 19, 1939) is a former Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. He represented the 62nd district (and its preceding 61st district) from 2011 to 2024. The district covers parts of western Guilford County.

Faircloth has a bachelor's degree from Guilford College a master's degree from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro and has also studied at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the University of Louisville. Faircloth spent his career as a police officer.  He was police chief of Salisbury, North Carolina from 1975 to 1976 and of High Point, North Carolina from 1976 to 1992. Since 1992 he has worked as a real estate agent. Faircloth was first elected to the General Assembly in 2010.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
John Gobbi
John Gobbi (born September 25, 1981) is a Swiss former professional ice hockey defenceman who played for HC Ambrì-Piotta, Genève-Servette HC, the ZSC Lions and Lausanne HC in the National League (NL).

Gobbi is currently the CEO of HC Fribourg-Gottéron.

Gobbi appeared in 785 regular season games (171 points) in the NL, as well as 144 playoffs games, putting up 33 points.

He participated at the 2011 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Switzerland men's national ice hockey team.

Switzerland men's national ice hockey team
The Switzerland men's national ice hockey team (German: Schweizer Eishockeynationalmannschaft; French: Équipe de Suisse de hockey sur glace; Italian: Nazionale di hockey su ghiaccio della Svizzera) is a founding member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.

As of 2026, the Swiss team is ranked 2nd in the IIHF World Rankings.
Lidya Djaelawijaya
Lidya Djaelawijaya (born 15 October 1974) is a former Indonesian badminton player, who play in the singles event. She won the Russian Open in 1995, and Indonesia Open in 1999. Djaelawijaya was part of the Indonesia women's team that won the 1996 Uber Cup. The team also reach in to the semi-finals in 2000, clinched the bronze medal. Djaelawijaya competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, finished in the third round.

Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics was held at the Pavilion 3, Sydney Olympic Park from 17 – 23 September. Both men and women competed in their own singles and doubles events and together they competed in a mixed doubles event.
Uri Giné
Uri Giné (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈuɾi ʒiˈne]; born Oriol Giné de Lera; August 24, 1986) is a Spanish musician, singer, and songwriter. He is best known as the founder, lead singer, and songwriter of the alternative rock band Bongo Botrako from their formation in 2007 until their indefinite hiatus announcement in 2015.

Parachuting
Parachuting and skydiving are methods of descending from altitude  to the surface using the power of gravity, and a parachute.

The three phases of parachuting are freefall, parachute deployment and landing.
Skydiving takes place during the freefall phase where the parachute has not yet been deployed and the body accelerates to terminal velocity.
Punisher: War Zone (2012 series)
Punisher: War Zone, also known as The Punisher War Zone, is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics about the vigilante The Punisher. The series was written by Greg Rucka as a follow-up to his previous Punisher series from 2011, meant to finish the story Rucka had begun in the 2011 series. The interior illustration was done by Carmine Di Giandomenico.

The Punisher War Zone
The Punisher War Zone or Punisher War Zone is a comic book spin-off title featuring the Punisher, a fictional character published by Marvel Comics. The 2008 Marvel film, Punisher: War Zone was loosely based on the series.
Isabella Gardner (poet)
Isabella Gardner (September 7, 1915 – July 7, 1981) was an American poet and actress. She worked as an associate editor for Poetry from 1951 through 1955 alongside Ken Shapiro. She is the namesake of the Isabella Gardner Poetry Award.

Ken Shapiro
Kenneth Roy Shapiro (June 5, 1942 – November 18, 2017) was an American writer, producer, director and child actor. Most notably, he played the role of the "Kid" on The Buick-Berle Show. He was a regular on George Scheck's "Star Time" Kids Show (1951–52) working under the name "Kenny Sharpe", along with another budding star Connie Francis. 
Shapiro also directed several titles, including The Groove Tube (1974) and Modern Problems (1981). He died in November 2017 at the age of 75 from cancer.