hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Partial evaluation
In computing, partial evaluation is a technique for several different types of program optimization by specialization. The most straightforward application is to produce new programs that run faster than the originals while being guaranteed to behave in the same way.

A computer program  is seen as a mapping of input data into output data:

where , the static data, is the part of the input data known at compile time.

The partial evaluator transforms  into  by precomputing all static input at compile time.  is called the "residual program" and should run more efficiently than the original program. The act of partial evaluation is said to "residualize"  to .

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
La Voz (American TV series)
La Voz is an American Spanish-language singing competition television series broadcast on Telemundo. The show premiered January 13, 2019, and is based on the original The Voice of Holland, and part of the global franchise The Voice that aims to find aspiring singers, age 18 or over, drawn from public auditions. The winner receives a monetary prize and a record contract with Universal Music.

The four coaches for the first season were Luis Fonsi, Alejandra Guzmán, Carlos Vives and Wisin. The same four returned for the second season.

La Voz is the second adaptation of the Voice format in the United States, after The Voice, which began airing in 2011. There had also previously been a Spanish-language adaptation of the spinoff format The Voice Kids in the United States, La Voz Kids, which aired for four seasons from 2013 to 2016.

Nastassja Bolívar
Nastassja Isabella Bolívar Cifuentes (born October 24, 1988) is a Nicaraguan-American actress, tv host and beauty queen who won Nuestra Belleza Latina 2011 and was crowned Miss Nicaragua 2013 and represented Nicaragua at Miss Universe 2013.
Synagogue of Tomar
The Synagogue of Tomar  (Portuguese: Sinagoga de Tomar) is a former Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 73 Rua Dr. Joaquim Jaquinto, in the historic center of the city of Tomar, in the Santarém District of Portugal. The medieval synagogue was completed in the Gothic style by c. 1460, and was active as a synagogue until 1496, when Jews were expelled from Portugal.

After four centuries of profane use, the building was declared a Portuguese National Monument, restored, and repurposed in 1939 as the Abraham Zacuto Portuguese Jewish Museum (Portuguese: Museu Luso-Hebraico Abraão Zacuto), a Jewish museum named in honour of Abraham Zacuto.

Santarém District
The District of Santarém (Portuguese: Distrito de Santarém [sɐ̃tɐˈɾɐ̃j] ⓘ) is a district of Portugal, located in Portugal's West and Tagus Valley region. The district capital is the city of Santarém.

The district is the 3rd largest in Portugal, with an area of 6,747 km2 (2,605 sq mi), and a population of 475,344 inhabitants, giving it a population density of 70 people per sq. kilometer (180 people per sq. mile).
Harashta Haifa Zahra
Harashta Haifa Zahra (Sundanese: ᮠᮛᮞ᮪ᮂᮒ ᮠᮄᮖ ᮐᮠᮁ; born 5 September 2003) is an Indonesian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Supranational 2024. Having previously been crowned Puteri Indonesia 2024, she is the first Indonesian to win Miss Supranational.

Sundanese language
Sundanese (/ˌsʌndəˈniːz/ SUN-də-NEEZ; endonym: Basa Sunda, Sundanese script: ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, Pegon script: بَاسَا سُوْندَا, pronounced [basa sʊnda]) is an Austronesian language spoken in Java, primarily by the Sundanese. It has approximately 32 million native speakers in the western third of Java; they represent about 15% of Indonesia's total population.
Karkiya
Karkiya or Karkisa was a Late Bronze Age region in western Anatolia known from references in Hittite and Egyptian records. It is believed to refer to the classical era region of Caria or to a region where ancestors of the Carians lived at the time, though this identification has not been firmly established.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Narre Warren East
Narre Warren East is a locality in the Shire of Yarra Ranges, Victoria, Australia. It is located just outside of the Melbourne metropolitan area in, 38 km south-east of Melbourne's central business district. At the 2021 census Narre Warren East had a population of 434.

Despite its name, Narre Warren East is actually located in a north-easterly direction from Narre Warren North. It is also separated from the rest of the Narre Warrens, which are a part of the City of Casey.

Narre Warren East Post Office was short-lived operating in 1911 and 1912.

The Narre Warren East public hall is located on Berwick Road.

Kerrs Park is located in Narre Warren East. Muddy Creek, a tributary of Cardinia Creek flows through the reserve.

Narre Warren East has an active Fire Brigade (CFA) with two appliances servicing the local and surrounding areas.

Cardinia Creek
The Cardinia Creek is a freshwater stream southeast of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, that flows from the Cardinia Reservoir in the Dandenong Ranges into the Western Port Bay between Tooradin and Koo Wee Rup. The creek forms majority of the boundary between the local government areas of the City of Casey and the Shire of Cardinia. It runs through the town of Beaconsfield and is home to much native flora and fauna.
Josh Henderson (rugby union)
Josh Henderson (born 2 July 1997) is a Scotland 7s professional international rugby union player. He also plays for the San Diego Legion in Major League Rugby (MLR). His position is fly-half.

He previously played for Glasgow Hawks, Glasgow Warriors and Stade Niçois.

San Diego Legion
The San Diego Legion were an American professional rugby union team based in San Diego, California, that competed in Major League Rugby (MLR) from 2020 to 2025. The team played its home games at Torero Stadium. The Legion began play in the league's inaugural 2018 season.
TMW Systems
TMW Systems is an American software company that is the developer of enterprise management software for the surface transportation services industry, including logistics, freight, trucking and heavy-duty repair and maintenance. It has been part of Trimble Inc. since 2012 and its products have been rebranded under the Trimble name.

The company was founded in Cleveland, Ohio and now has offices in Dallas, Indianapolis, Mayfield Heights, Nashville, Oklahoma City, Raleigh, Vancouver and Melbourne, Australia.

TMW's supplies solutions cover the transportation services sector. It supplies technology for improved operational efficiencies, transactional velocity, resource utilization and long-term profitability.The company has customers in the trucking, 3PL, brokerage, private fleet, construction, municipal government, retail repair and waste management industries.

Private carrier
A private carrier is a company that transports only its own goods. The carrier's primary business is not transportation. Private carriers may refuse to sell their services at their own discretion, but common carriers must treat all customers equally. Some corporations mix both systems, using common carriers and private carriage in what is called a blended operation.
Dodô da Portela
Maria das Dores Alves Rodrigues, better known as Dodô da Portela (1920 — 2015), was a famous flag bearer for the Portela samba school, the most successful school in the annual Rio de Janeiro Carnival in Brazil.

Portela (samba school)
The Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Portela or Portela for short, is a traditional samba school, founded in 1923, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The school has the highest number of wins in the top-tier Rio parade, with 22 titles in total, including the 2017 Carnival parade.
2025 Dubai Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
Defending champion Kateřina Siniaková and her partner Taylor Townsend defeated Hsieh Su-wei and Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–4 to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2025 Dubai Tennis Championships.

Storm Hunter was the other reigning champion, but she did not participate this year.

Jeļena Ostapenko
Jeļena "Aļona" Ostapenko (born 8 June 1997) is a Latvian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 19 March 2018, and No. 3 in doubles, attained on 14 July 2025. She is the current No. 1 singles player from Latvia, on both categories.

Ostapenko has won nine WTA Tour-level singles and twelve doubles titles, including a singles major at the 2017 French Open and a doubles major at the 2024 US Open, partnering Lyudmyla Kichenok. She has also won 15 singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and the junior singles event at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. She is a member of the Latvia Billie Jean King Cup team.
2011 WOW Tennis Challenger – Doubles
Elisabeth Abanda and Katarena Paliivets were the defending champions, but Paliivets chose not to participate. Abanda partnered up with Yawna Allen but lost in the first round.

Alexandra Mueller and Asia Muhammed won the tournament defeating Eugenie Bouchard and Megan Moulton-Levy in the final 6–3, 3–6, [10–7].

Asia Muhammad
Asia Muhammad (born April 4, 1991) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She has been ranked as high as world No. 8 in doubles by the WTA, achieved on March 17, 2025.
Muhammad has won 13 doubles titles on the WTA Tour including the 2024 Cincinnati WTA 1000 title with Erin Routliffe and the 2025 Indian Wells with Demi Schuurs.

She also reached the finals in 2022 Indian Wells with Ena Shibahara and in 2024 Wuhan with Jessica Pegula. In addition, Muhammad has won five doubles titles on the Challenger Tour and 35 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. In singles she has a career-high No. 124, achieved on April 24, 2017 and has won 14 ITF singles titles.
Gateway High School (Colorado)
Gateway High School is a public high school in Aurora, Colorado, United States. It is one of five high schools in Aurora Public Schools, and the school offers a variety of Advanced Placement courses.

Gateway's student newspaper is The Gateway Medallion and the yearbook is The Olympiad.

Aurora, Colorado
Aurora (/əˈroʊrə/, /əˈrɔːrə/) is a home rule city located in Arapahoe, Adams, and Douglas counties, Colorado, United States. The city's population was 386,261 at the 2020 United States census with 336,035 living in Arapahoe County, 47,720 in Adams County, and 2,506 in Douglas County. Aurora is the third-most-populous city in the State of Colorado and the 51st-most-populous city in the United States. Aurora is a principal city of the Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Denver-Aurora-Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area, and a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor.
Abdelrahman Abdou
Abdelrahman Sayed Abdou (Arabic: عبد الرحمن سيد عبده; born 30 January 1996) is an Egyptian handball player for RK Zagreb and the Egyptian national team.

He participated at the World Men's Handball Championship in 2017, 2019 and 2021.

RK Zagreb
Rukometni klub Zagreb (English: Zagreb Handball Club pronounced [zǎːɡrɛb]), a men's professional handball club based in Zagreb, Croatia, competes in the
Croatian Premier League and in the EHF Champions League.

RK Zagreb has won 38 national championships and the national cup 32 times. In the European Champions League the club has won twice and played another four times in the finals; it ranks among top eight most-successful handball clubs in the League's history.
Shingle Mill Run
Shingle Mill Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.4 miles (3.9 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.60 square miles (6.7 km2). The stream has one named tributary, Bearwallow Run. Shingle Mill Run is designated as an Exceptional Value stream and has a population of native trout. The stream has high water quality and is slightly acidic. Boulder Colluvium and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale can be found near the stream.

Sullivan County, Pennsylvania
Sullivan County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,840, making it the second-least populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Laporte. The county was created on March 15, 1847, from part of Lycoming County and named for Major General John Sullivan. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.
Kazimierza Mała
Kazimierza Mała [kaʑiˈmjɛʐa ˈmawa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazimierza Wielka, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Kazimierza Wielka and 69 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Kazimierza Wielka
Kazimierza Wielka ([kaʑiˈmʲɛʐa ˈvʲɛlka] ⓘ) is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 45 kilometres (28 miles) northeast of Kraków. It is the administrative seat of Kazimierza County. With a population of 5,848 (2005), it is the smallest county seat in Poland. Kazimierza Wielka is located in Lesser Poland Upland and historically belongs to the province of Lesser Poland. For most of its history, it was a village, and did not receive its town charter until 1959.
Moe Mark
Moe Mark (1872 – November 14, 1932) was the brother of Mitchel H. Mark. Together they opened the first known permanent, purpose-built motion picture theater in the world, Vitascope Hall a.k.a. Vitascope Theater or Edisonia Hall in 1896 Buffalo, New York, and the first movie palace, the Strand Theatre (1914) in New York City. They founded Mark-Strand chain of theaters which operated dozens of theatres in the United States. His brother died in 1918. In 1926, Mark sold part of the chain to Stanley Company of America (founded by Jules Mastbaum and later run by his wife Etta Wedell Mastbaum) and in 1929, he sold the remainder to Warner Brothers which had purchased the Stanley Company in 1928. In 1953, Warner's theater holdings were spun off as Stanley Warner Theaters and in 1967 merged with RKO Theatres to become RKO-Stanley Warner Theatres.

Moe Mark became a member of the board of Warner Bros. His letters are in the archive at University of Southern California.

Movie palace
A movie palace (or picture palace in the United Kingdom) is a large, elaborately decorated movie theater built from the 1910s to the 1940s. The late 1920s saw the peak of the movie palace, with hundreds opening every year between 1925 and 1930. With the rise of television in the 1950s, movie attendance dropped, while the rising popularity of large multiplex chains in the 1980s and 1990s signaled the obsolescence of single-screen theaters. Many movie palaces were razed or converted into multiple-screen venues or performing arts centers, though some have undergone restoration and reopened to the public as historic buildings.

There are three architectural design types of movie palaces: the classical-style movie palace, with opulent, luxurious architecture; the atmospheric theatre, which has an auditorium ceiling that resembles an open sky as a defining feature; and the Art Deco theaters that became popular in the 1930s.
K-minimum spanning tree
The k-minimum spanning tree problem, studied in theoretical computer science, asks for a tree of minimum cost that has exactly k vertices and forms a subgraph of a larger graph. It is also called the k-MST or edge-weighted k-cardinality tree. Finding this tree is NP-hard, but it can be approximated to within a constant approximation ratio in polynomial time.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Zsófia Jókai Szilágyi
Zsófia Jókai Szilágyi (born 25 September 1992) is a Hungarian retired ice hockey forward and eleven-season member of the Hungarian national ice hockey team. Her club career spanned sixteen seasons and was played in the Elite Women's Hockey League (EWHL), the Swiss Women's Hockey League A (SWHL A), and the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). At the conclusion of the 2020–21 SDHL season, she ranked second in all-time games played for Luleå HF/MSSK.

European Women's Hockey League
The European Women's Hockey League, abbreviated EWHL, is an international ice hockey league. Created as the Elite Women's Hockey League in 2004 by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), the EWHL comprises clubs from several countries in Central Europe and one team from Kazakhstan, and is played in parallel to national championships.
William McConnell (trade unionist)
William McConnell (died 21 May 1928) was a British trade unionist and political activist.

McConnell came to prominence while living in the Hammersmith area of London.  While there, he joined the Social Democratic Federation (SDF), and in 1898 joined the National Union of Gas Workers and General Labourers.  He was a founder member of the South Western District Trades and Labour Council, and then of the Labour Representation Committee for the area.

In 1911, McConnell began working full-time for the union, as an organiser for the London area, then in 1923 he transferred to organise the union in Southampton.  He also served as vice chair of the Rope, Twine and Net Trade Board.

McConnell remained involved the SDF's successor, the British Socialist Party, and at the 1918 UK general election, it sponsored him as the Labour Party candidate in Great Yarmouth.

Social Democratic Federation
The Social Democratic Federation (SDF) was a British socialist political party. The first socialist party in Britain, it was founded by H. M. Hyndman in 1881. Its members included William Morris, George Lansbury, James Connolly and Eleanor Marx. Many of its early leading members had previously been active in the Manhood Suffrage League.

The SDF battled through defections of its right and left wings to other organisations in the first decade of the twentieth century before uniting with other radical groups in the Marxist British Socialist Party from 1911 until 1920.
Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota
The Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota was fought in 1336 near the town of Villanueva de Barcarrota in Extremadura between troops of the Kingdom of Portugal led by Pedro Afonso de Sousa, and troops of the Kingdom of Castile led by Enrique Enriquez the Younger, who led the forces of the Bishop of Jaén, assisted by Juan Alonso Pérez de Guzmán y Coronel and Pedro Ponce de León the Elder, who led forces sent by the city of Seville. The Portuguese were defeated. As a result, Afonso IV of Portugal, who was besieging the city of Badajoz, ordered the siege to be lifted and returned with his troops to Portugal.

The Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota took place during the 1336 war in which King Afonso IV of Portugal and his Castilian allies, Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena, and Juan Núñez III de Lara, opposed King Alfonso XI of Castile.

Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI (11 August 1311 – 26 March 1350), called the Avenger (el Justiciero), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313.

Once Alfonso was declared an adult in 1325, he began a reign that would serve to strengthen royal power and became known for his victory in the Battle of Rio Salado. While leading a siege against Yusuf I of Granada, he died of the plague in Gibraltar.
Citadel Boulevard
Citadel Boulevard (Romanian: Bulevardul Cetății) is a major traffic artery in the northwest part of the western Romanian city of Timișoara. It serves as the connecting artery between Circumvalațiunii and Mehala, respectively between Dacia and Bucovina.

Mehala
Mehala (Hungarian: Ferencváros; German: Franzstadt; Serbian: Махала, romanized: Mahala; obsolete: Măhală) is a district of Timișoara. Mehala evolved from a slum-like village (in Turkish mahale means "slum") to a neighborhood of houses, villas and many gardens. It is one of the oldest satellite villages of Timișoara and was built in the higher part of the city, west of Palanca Mare. It officially became part of the city in 1910.
Czech Republic national under-21 speedway team
The Czech Republic national under-21 speedway team is the national under-21 motorcycle speedway team of the Czech Republic and is controlled by the Autoklub of the Czech Republic. The team started in Under-21 World Cup in all editions, but only one was a medal - bronze in 2007. The Individual competition was won by Antonín Kasper, Jr. (1982) and Lukáš Dryml (2002).

Lukáš Dryml
Lukáš Dryml (born 16 April 1981 in Pardubice, Czechoslovakia) is a former international motorcycle speedway rider from the Czech Republic. He earned 20 international caps for the Czech Republic national speedway team and represented his nation in the Speedway World Cup.
Sysert
Sysert (Russian: Сысе́рть) is a town and the administrative center of Sysertsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Sysert River (Ob basin, right tributary of the Iset), 50 kilometers (31 mi) south of Yekaterinburg. Population:  20,465 (2010 Census); 22,152 (2002 Census); 22,462 (1989 Soviet census).

Ob
The Ob (/ˈɒb/; Russian: Обь) is a major river in Russia. It is in western Siberia, and with its tributary the Irtysh forms the world's seventh-longest river system, at 5,410 kilometres (3,360 mi). The Ob forms at the confluence of the Biya and Katun which have their origins in the Altai Mountains. It is the westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Yenisei and the Lena). Its flow is north-westward, then northward.

The main city on its banks is Novosibirsk, the largest city in Siberia, and the third-largest city in Russia. It is where the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river.

The Gulf of Ob is the world's longest estuary.