hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiram Bingham IV
Hiram "Harry" Bingham IV (July 17, 1903 – January 12, 1988) was an American diplomat. He served as a Vice Consul in Marseille, France, during World War II, and, along with several humanitarian organizations, helped more than 2,500 refugees, mostly Jews, to escape after the country was defeated by Nazi Germany in June 1940.

American Foreign Service Association
The American Foreign Service Association (AFSA), established in 1924, is the professional association of the United States Foreign Service. With over 15,000 due-paying members, AFSA represents 28,000 active and retired Foreign Service employees of the Department of State and Agency for International Development (AID), as well as smaller groups in the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), Foreign Commercial Service (FCS), and International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB).
David Begnaud
David Begnaud (born June 13, 1983) is an American journalist and news correspondent. Begnaud works for CBS News, and is currently based in Los Angeles as the Lead National Correspondent for CBS Mornings. His reporting has been featured across CBS News broadcasts and platforms including CBS This Morning, the CBS Evening News, 48 Hours, CBS Sunday Morning, as well as CBS News Streaming, CBS News' 24/7 streaming news service.

CBS News Sunday Morning
CBS News Sunday Morning (frequently shortened to Sunday Morning) is an American television newsmagazine that has aired on CBS since January 28, 1979. Created by Robert Northshield and E.S. "Bud" Lamoreaux III, and originally hosted by Charles Kuralt, the 90-minute program currently airs Sundays between 9:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. EST, and between 6:00 a.m. to 7:30 a.m. PST. Since October 9, 2016, the program has been hosted by Jane Pauley, who also hosts news segments. Her predecessor, Charles Osgood, hosted Sunday Morning for twenty-two years (and is the program's longest-serving host) after taking over from Kuralt on April 10, 1994.
Area Code 212 (album)
Area Code 212 is the second album by American jazz group the String Trio of New York recorded in 1980 for the Italian Black Saint label. The albums was recorded at Barigozzi Studio in Milan on November 25 and 26, 1980

Black Saint/Soul Note
Black Saint and Soul Note are two affiliated Italian independent record labels. Since their conception in the 1970s, they have released albums from a variety of influential jazz musicians, particularly in the genre of free jazz.
The Quin
The Quin is a luxury hotel in New York City. It is located on 57th Street and Sixth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, two blocks south of Central Park.

The Quin was originally the Buckingham Hotel, a Beaux-Arts style building designed by American architect Emery Roth, which opened in 1929. The Quin reopened on November 11, 2013, following a redesign by New York City based firm Perkins Eastman. It has 208 guestrooms including 28 suites.

Blek le Rat
Blek le Rat (pronounced [blɛk lə ʁa]; born Xavier Prou, 1952) is a French graffiti artist. He was one of the first graffiti artists in Paris, and has been described as the "Father of stencil graffiti".
Horace L. McBride
Lieutenant General Horace Logan McBride (June 29, 1894 – November 14, 1962) was a senior United States Army officer who fought during both World War I and World War II. He commanded American forces in the Ardennes (Battle of the Bulge), the Rhineland, and Central Europe during World War II.

Rhineland
The Rhineland (German: Rheinland [ˈʁaɪ̯nˌlant] ⓘ; Dutch: Rijnland; Kölsch: Rhingland; Latin: Rhenania) is a loosely defined area of western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section, sometimes encompassing parts of Belgium. It is the main industrial heartland of Germany because of its many factories, and it has historic ties to the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, and the German Empire.
Koun-Fao
Koun-Fao is a town in eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Koun-Fao Department in Gontougo Region, Zanzan District. Koun-Fao is also a commune.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Koun-Fao was 31,982.

Zanzan District
Zanzan District (French: District du Zanzan, [zɑ̃.zɑ̃]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the northeast of the country. The capital of the district is Bondoukou.
Aspatria RUFC
Aspatria Rugby Union Football Club is an English rugby union club based in Aspatria, Cumbria (formerly Cumberland) in north west England, not far from the Scottish Border. They are nicknamed the "Black Reds", and have a red cockerel as their logo. They currently play in Regional 2 North – a tier 6 league in the English rugby union system – following reorganisation of the league system and their transfer from Durham/Northumberland 1 in 2021–22.

They are not to be confused with the Aspatria Hornets, the local rugby league team.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Shishakovo
Shishakovo (Russian: Шишаково) is a rural locality (a village) in Korobitsynskoye Rural Settlement, Syamzhensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 48 as of 2002. Shishakovo is located 33 km east of Syamzha (the district's administrative centre) by road. Korostelevo is the nearest rural locality.

Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District (Russian: Ся́мженский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Vozhegodsky District in the north, Verkhovazhsky District in the northeast, Totemsky District in the east, Sokolsky District in the south, and with Kharovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,900 square kilometers (1,500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Syamzha. District's population: 8,745 (2010 Census); 10,384 (2002 Census); 12,204 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Syamzha accounts for 45.2% of the district's total population.
Zdeněk Zikán
Zdeněk Zikán (10 November 1937 – 14 February 2013) was a Czech footballer who played as a forward.

During his club career he played for several clubs, including Dukla Pardubice and Dukla Prague. During his time with Spartak Hradec Králové, he played in the 1960–61 European Cup, scoring against eventual finalists FC Barcelona in the quarter finals.

Zikán earned four caps and scored five goals for the Czechoslovakia national football team, including four goals in three games in the 1958 FIFA World Cup. He finished his international career with the distinction of having scored in every game in which he had played.

Czechoslovakia national football team
The Czechoslovakia national football team (Czech: Československá fotbalová reprezentace, Slovak: Česko-slovenské národné futbalové mužstvo) represented Czechoslovakia in men's international football from 1919 to 1993. The team was controlled by the Czechoslovak Football Association, and the team qualified for eight World Cups and three European Championships. It had two runner-up finishes in World Cups, in 1934 and 1962, and won the European Championship in the 1976 tournament.

At the time of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia at the end of 1992, the team was participating in UEFA qualifying Group 4 for the 1994 World Cup; it completed the remainder of this campaign under the name Representation of Czechs and Slovaks (RČS, Czech: Reprezentace Čechů a Slováků, Slovak: Reprezentácia Čechov a Slovákov) before it was disbanded in November 1993. Both the Czech and Slovak national teams are considered to be the joint successors of the Czechoslovak record.
Çorum massacre
The Çorum pogrom or Çorum massacres occurred in the province of Çorum in north-central Turkey between May and July 1980. Turkist ultranationalists targeted the Alevi minority which lead to as many as 57 deaths and over 200 injuries in the ensuing violence. Another target was the social-democratic Republican People's Party (CHP). Many victims were young people and women.

In 2012 "former rightist agitator" Adnan Baran stated that uncertainty remains about the exact nature of the events and urged that a dialogue between the rightists and leftists take place in order to better understand the events, which he speculated might have been part of a larger military plan to set up a pretext for the Sept. 12, 1980 coup d'état.

Idealism (Turkey)
Idealism or telicism (Turkish: Ülkücülük, Ülkücü düşünce), also known as Türkeşism (Turkish: Türkeşçilik, Türkeşçi düşünce) is a Turkish–Islamic nationalist ideology developed by Alparslan Türkeş and the Nationalist Movement Party as a principle of the Nine Lights Doctrine.

The philosophy of Idealism was largely influenced by the ideas of Ziya Gökalp, a Turkish sociologist, writer, and poet. Gökalp believed that the Turkish people needed to create a new national identity that was distinct from their Ottoman past and grounded in their own cultural, historical, and linguistic traditions. He argued that this new identity ("Turkishness") should be based on the principles of Islam and Turkish nationalism, and that it should be promoted through education and cultural institutions.

Idealism has had a significant influence on Turkish political and intellectual thought, and its ideas continue to shape the country's political and cultural landscape today.
Quantum harmonic oscillator
The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually be approximated as a harmonic potential at the vicinity of a stable equilibrium point,  it is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics. Furthermore, it is one of the few quantum-mechanical systems for which an exact, analytical solution is known.

Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian of a system is an operator corresponding to the total energy of that system, including both kinetic energy and potential energy. Its spectrum, the system's energy spectrum or its set of energy eigenvalues, is the set of possible outcomes obtainable from a measurement of the system's total energy. Due to its close relation to the energy spectrum and time-evolution of a system, it is of fundamental importance in most formulations of quantum theory.

The Hamiltonian is named after William Rowan Hamilton, who developed a revolutionary reformulation of Newtonian mechanics, known as Hamiltonian mechanics, which was historically important to the development of quantum physics. Similar to vector notation, it is typically denoted by , where the hat indicates that it is an operator. It can also be written as  or .
Triteleia lemmoniae
Triteleia lemmoniae, common names Oak Creek triteleia, Lemmon's star or Oak Creek triplet lily,  is a plant species now classed in the family Asparagaceae, although older classifications would have regarded it part of the Liliaceae.

Triteleia lemmoniae is endemic to Arizona, the only member of the genus native to the state. It is an herb up to 30 cm (12 in) tall, with bright yellow or orange flowers.

The species is named for Sara Plummer Lemmon (1836–1923), a well-known American botanist. She and her husband, John Gill (J.G.) Lemmon, lived and worked in Oakland, California but did extensive botanical explorations in Arizona. Several species bear the epithet "lemmonii" in his honor; Triteleia lemmoniae and Mount Lemmon in Arizona were named in hers.

Asparagaceae
Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis.  This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants.  The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, lily of the valley, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

The Asparagaceae is a morphologically heterogenous family with the included species varying widely in their appearance and growth form. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with genera and species contained in the family native to all continents except Antarctica.
Chikmagalur Seetaramiah Seshadri
Chikmagalur Seetaramiah Seshadri (1918- February 12,1998), also abbreviated as C. S. Seshadri, was an Indian civil servant who served in the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) from the early 1940s until his retirement in 1978. Over a career spanning nearly four decades, he held multiple  administrative positions in British India and post-independence India, including Kanakapura, as an Administrator of Mahe, and Commissioner of Labour for Mysore State (now Karnataka). He was later active in civic and professional life in Bangalore including being one of the early Directors of the Institute for Social and Economic Change (1977-1978), succeeding its founding director V. K. R. V. Rao.

Institute for Social and Economic Change
The Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) is a social science research institute in Bangalore, India. Founded in 1972, it is the largest among the 27 institutions supported by Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR).

ISEC is one of three major institutions established by Prof. V. K. R. V. Rao, along with the Delhi School of Economics and the Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi.
Ron Schnell
Ronald Steven Schnell (born November 10, 1966) is an American computer programmer in Weston, Florida. He was co-founder of Mail Call in 1997 and the chief technology officer of Rand Paul's 2016 presidential campaign.

Weston, Florida
Weston is a master-planned city in Broward County, Florida, United States. The population was 68,107 at the time of the 2020 census.

Located just west of Fort Lauderdale and 31 miles (50 km) to the northwest of Miami, the City of Weston is within the Miami metropolitan area.
Llanbadarn railway station
Llanbadarn railway station is a railway station serving the ancient villages of Llanbadarn Fawr and Pwllhobi near Aberystwyth in Ceredigion in Mid-Wales. It is a request stop on the preserved Vale of Rheidol Railway. Alighting passengers are required to step down onto the grass as there is no platform. Tickets can be purchased from the guard.

The station is at the end of a section of line from Aberystwyth that is right next to the Cambrian Line. It is also by a  level crossing of the A4120. All trains towards Devil's Bridge pause briefly here to activate the level crossing before proceeding.

Approximately 400 yards beyond the station in the direction of Devil's Bridge is a wooden trestle bridge, the only bridge over the river Rheidol on the line.

Llanbadarn station saw record numbers of passengers in 1957 when the Royal Welsh Agricultural Show was held at the  nearby Blaendolau Fields. The railway ran a special top-and-tailed shuttle service between Aberystwyth and Llanbadarn.

Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
Llanbadarn Fawr (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˌbadarn ˈvau̯r]) is a village and community in Ceredigion, Wales. It is on the outskirts of Aberystwyth next to Penparcau and Southgate. It forms the eastern part of the continually built-up area of Aberystwyth. It holds two electoral wards, Padarn and Sulien which elect a Ceredigion County Councillor each and several Llanbadarn Fawr Community Councillors. At the 2001 census its population as a community was recorded at 2,899, increasing to 3,380 at the 2011 census.
Singayyanapalya metro station
Singayyanapalya (formerly known as Mahadevapura) is an elevated metro station on the East-West corridor of the Purple Line of Namma Metro in Bengaluru, India. This station is located near the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Phoenix Marketcity, VR Bengaluru, Exxonmobil Lubricants Pvt. Ltd., DTDC office and many more.

The Whitefield - Krishnarajapura trial runs were successfully conducted from 25 October 2022 for a month. This metro station was inaugurated on March 25, 2023 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and was opened to the public on March 26, 2023.

VR Bengaluru
VR Bengaluru,  is a mixed-use retail development in India, situated in Whitefield, Bangalore. Its gross floor area is 600,000 square feet (56,000 m2). In addition to the retail arcade, the compound hosts a hotel, a multiplex with the largest Gold Class in India along with an IMAX, commercial spaces and customisable collaborative working spaces for start-ups and entrepreneurs.

The centre consists of The Hive - a co-working space, The Waverly - Hotel & Residences and the SkyDeck - an activated rooftop with a temperature-controlled pool, a jogging track and an open-air LED screen. South India's first H&M store was launched here in 2016.
Op. 14
In music, Op. 14 stands for Opus number 14. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Adès – Powder Her Face

Barber – Violin Concerto

Bartók – Suite, Op. 14

Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 9

Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 10

Berlioz – Symphonie fantastique

Chopin – Rondo à la Krakowiak

Duruflé – Notre Père

Dvořák – King and Charcoal Burner

Fauré – Violin Concerto (unfinished)

Haas – Šarlatán

Ilyich – Vakula the Smith

Larsson – Saxophone Concerto, for saxophone and strings (1934)

Mendelssohn – Rondo capriccioso

Nielsen – String Quartet No. 3

Paderewski – Minuet in G

Petit – Lélio

Prokofiev – Piano Sonata No. 2

Saint-Saëns - Piano Quintet in A minor

Schumann – Piano Sonata No. 3

Shostakovich – Symphony No. 2

Sibelius – Rakastava (The Lover), for orchestra (arranged 1911 [1894], revised 1912)

Strauss – Wandrers Sturmlied

Wieniawski – Violin Concerto No. 1

Wirén – Symphony No. 2 (1939)

Minuet in G (Paderewski)
The Minuet in G, Op. 14/1, is a short piano composition by Ignacy Jan Paderewski, which became world-famous, overshadowing his more major works such as the Symphony in B minor "Polonia", the Piano Concerto in A minor, and the opera Manru.

The minuet was written in 1887, the first of six pieces making up his Humoresques de concert, Op. 14.  The full set is in two books:

Book I (à l'Antique)

No. 1: Menuet

No. 2: Sarabande

No. 3: Caprice (genre Scarlatti)

Book II (moderne)

No. 4: Burlesque

No. 5: Intermezzo polacco

No. 6: Cracovienne fantastique.
Thomas Trentham (died c. 1519)
Thomas Trentham (by 1487 – 1519?) was an English politician.

He was the son of Thomas Trentham of Shrewsbury and Catherine, daughter of John Marshall of Hurst, and followed his father into the drapery business.

He was elected a Member of Parliament (MP) in the Parliament of England for Shrewsbury in 1512 and 1515. He fought in France in 1513 under George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury.

He married Elizabeth, the daughter of Sir Richard Corbet of Moreton Corbet and had two sons and five daughters. His son, Richard Trentham, was MP for Shropshire.

George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury
George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury, 4th Earl of Waterford, 10th Baron Talbot, KG, KB, PC (c. 1468 – 26 July 1538) was the son of John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, and Lady Catherine Stafford, daughter of the 1st Duke of Buckingham. He also held the subsidiary titles of 13th Baron Strange of Blackmere and 9th Baron Furnivall.
Wireless Set No. 1
Wireless Set Number 1, or WS No. 1 for short, was a short-range tactical radio introduced by the British Army in 1933. It was built in three versions, 1A for fixed locations like field headquarters, 1B for light vehicles, and 1C for tanks. Several hundred were also produced in Canada by Canadian Marconi and Northern Electric.

It had a number of limitations in terms of limited frequency selections and a relatively short range on the order of 5 miles (8.0 km). A new set was ordered in 1938 as the Wireless Set No. 11, which rapidly replaced the small numbers of No. 1 sets in service. The No. 11 was in turn replaced by the much more capable Wireless Set No. 19 in the mid-war period.

Marconi Company
The Marconi Company was a British telecommunications and engineering company founded by Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi in 1897 which was a pioneer of wireless long distance communication and mass media broadcasting, eventually becoming one of the UK's most successful manufacturing companies.

Its roots were in the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which underwent several changes in name after mergers and acquisitions. In 1999, its defence equipment manufacturing division, Marconi Electronic Systems, merged with British Aerospace (BAe) to form BAE Systems. In 2006, financial difficulties led to the collapse of the remaining company, with the bulk of the business acquired by the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson.
Shahid Qadri
Shahid Quadri (also spelt Shaheed  Quaderi; 14 August 1942 – 28 August 2016) was a Bangladeshi poet and writer. For his poetry, he was awarded Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1973 and Ekushey Padak in 2011. His notable poems include "Uttoradhikar", "Tomake Obhibadon Priyotoma", "Kothao Kono Krondon Nei" and "Amar Chumbongulo Poucchey Dao".

Bangla Academy Literary Award
The Bangla Academy Literary Award (Bengali: বাংলা একাডেমি সাহিত্য পুরস্কার; Bangla Academy Shahitya Puroshkar) is given by the Bangla Academy of Bangladesh in recognition of creative genius in advancement and overall contribution in the field of Bengali language and literature.

It was introduced in 1960 and recognized six categories: poetry, novels, short stories, essays, children's literature and translation. Beginning in 1985, two more awards were introduced to recognize overall contributions to Bengali language and literature.

At present, the Bangla Academy award is given in three fields:

Poetry, novel, and short story

Research, essay, and science

Translation, drama, and juvenile literature
Archdiocese of Hamburg
The Archdiocese of  Hamburg (Lat. Archidioecesis Hamburgensis; Ger. Erzbistum Hamburg) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in the north of Germany and covers the Federal States of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein as well as the Mecklenburgian part of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. In terms of surface area it is the largest in Germany. It is characterized by its situation as a diocese in the Diaspora. Seat of the archbishop is the New St. Mary's Cathedral in Sankt Georg, Hamburg. On January 26, 2015 Stefan Heße, Generalvikar of the Archdiocese of Cologne, was appointed Archbishop of Hamburg.

Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (German: Fürsterzbistum Bremen) was an ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Duchy of Bremen (German: Herzogtum Bremen). The prince-archbishopric, which was under the secular rule of the archbishop, consisted of about a third of the diocesan territory. The city of Bremen was de facto (since 1186) and de jure (since 1646) not part of the prince-archbishopric. Most of the prince-archbishopric lay rather in the area to the north of the city of Bremen, between the Weser and Elbe rivers. Even more confusingly, parts of the prince-archbishopric belonged in religious respect to the neighbouring Diocese of Verden, making up 10% of its diocesan territory.