hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacinthe Taillon
Jacinthe Taillon (born January 1, 1977) is a Canadian competitor in synchronized swimming and Olympic medalist.

Born in Saint-Eustache, Quebec, Taillon participated on the Canadian team that received a bronze medal in synchronized team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

She also won a gold medal at the 1999 Pan American Games in the team event and a gold medal at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in the Duet event.

1999 Pan American Games
The 1999 Pan American Games, officially the XIII Pan American Games (French: XIII Jeux panaméricains) or the 13th Pan American Games and commonly known as Winnipeg 1999, were a major international multi-sport event that was held from July 23 to August 8, 1999, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and surrounding towns and cities. Canoeing competitions started the day before the games officially began. Approximately 5,000 athletes from 42 nations participated in the games to vie for a total of 330 medal events in 34 sports and 42 disciplines.

Financially, the 1999 games were a success, generating a surplus of $8.9 million through a combination of fiscal restraint and the contribution of nearly 20,000 volunteers.

The 1999 Pan American Games were the second Pan American Games hosted by Canada and Winnipeg. Previously, Winnipeg hosted the 1967 Pan American Games.
George Harrison and Ravi Shankar's 1974 North American tour
George Harrison and Ravi Shankar's 1974 North American tour was a 45-show concert tour of the United States and Canada, undertaken by English musician George Harrison and Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar in November and December 1974. It is often referred to as the Dark Horse Tour, since the concerts served as a launch for Harrison's record label Dark Horse Records, to which Shankar was one of the inaugural signings, and Harrison's concurrent single was the song "Dark Horse". The release of his delayed album, also titled Dark Horse, followed towards the end of the tour. The shows featured guest spots by Harrison's band members Billy Preston and Tom Scott.

Sitar
The sitar (English:  /ˈsɪtɑːr/ or /sɪˈtɑːr/; IAST: sitāra) is a plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used in Hindustani classical music. The instrument was invented in the 18th century, and arrived at its present form in 19th-century India. Khusrau Khan, an 18th-century figure of the Mughal Empire, has been identified by modern scholarship as the inventor of the sitar. According to most historians, he developed the sitar from the setar, an Iranian instrument of Abbasid or Safavid origin.

Used widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, the sitar became popularly known in the wider world through the works of Ravi Shankar, beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The advent of psychedelic culture during the mid-to-late 1960s set a trend for the use of the sitar in Western popular music, with the instrument appearing on tracks by bands such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Metallica and many others.
Orekhovo, Altai Krai
Orekhovo (Russian: Орехово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Orekhovsky Selsoviet, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 540 as of 2013. It was founded in 1910. There are 4 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Nigerien nationality law
Nigerien nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of Niger, as amended; the Nigerien Nationality Code, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Niger. The legal means to acquire nationality, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. Nationality describes the relationship of an individual to the state under international law, whereas citizenship is the domestic relationship of an individual within the nation. Nigerien nationality is typically obtained under the jus sanguinis, i.e. by birth in Niger or abroad to parents with Nigerien nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalization.

Constitution of Niger
The Republic of Niger has had seven constitutions, two substantial constitutional revisions, and two periods of rule by decree since its independence from French colonial rule in 1960. The "Seventh Republic" operated under the Constitution of 2010 until its dissolution in 2023 by General Abdourahamane Tchiani in a coup d'état. The junta declared a five-year transitional charter in 2025.
Age 12
Age 12 (12歳。, Jūni-sai.) is a Japanese slice of life romance shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Nao Maita. It began serialization in August 2012 in Shogakukan's Ciao manga magazine and ended in October 2019. It was published in twenty volumes. The manga was adapted into an original video animation that was released in April 2014 and it was also adapted into a video game and a TV anime series released in 2016.

Ciao (magazine)
Ciao  (ちゃお, Chao) is a Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shogakukan. The magazine launched in 1977 and always comes with a free gift which used to always be paper crafts, but now varies every month. The magazine's competitors are Ribon and Nakayoshi. Manga published in Ciao are released under the Ciao Comics imprint.
Julius Kollmann
Julius Kollmann (24 February 1834, Holzheim am Forst – 24 June 1918, Basel) was a German anatomist, zoologist and anthropologist.

He studied at the universities of Munich and Berlin, then furthered his education in London and Paris. In 1859 he received his doctorate, qualifying as lecturer at Munich in 1862. Beginning in 1878, he served as a full professor of anatomy at the University of Basel. In 1888 he was chosen as university rector.

Known for his work in the fields of descriptive anatomy and histology, he eventually became associated with studies involving evolutionary theory, developmental history and anthropology. In 1884 Kollmann introduced the term "neoteny" to define the transformation process where animals such as newts mature sexually while still in the larval form. As an anthropologist, he conducted analyses of prehistoric skulls found at Auvernier and Schweizersbild.

Auvernier
Auvernier (French pronunciation: [ovɛʁnje]) is a village in the district of Boudry in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Auvernier, Bôle and Colombier merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Milvignes.
Catherine Seppala
Catherine Seppala (1907 – July 4, 1975) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. She served as mayor of Fort William from 1959 to 1960, the first and only female mayor of the city before it became part of Thunder Bay.

She was born in Fort William. She served on Fort William city council from 1953 to 1958. During her time as mayor, the Neebing River Conservation project was initiated and the Westmount Hospital was built. Also during Seppala's term as mayor, she pressured a local bookseller to remove Lady Chatterley's Lover from his shelves (and more than 700 copies of the books were burned).

In January 1956, as chairman of the city carnival committee, Seppala banned bathing suits from the Fort William carnival queen contest in favour of skating skirts and sweaters.

Seppala was involved in a number of local volunteer organizations, including the Red Cross.

She resigned due to illness in September 1961. She died in Thunder Bay in 1975.

Lady Chatterley's Lover
Lady Chatterley's Lover is the final novel by the English author D. H. Lawrence, first published privately in 1928, in Florence, Italy, and in 1929, in Paris, France. An unexpurgated edition was not published openly in the United Kingdom until 1960, when it was the subject of a watershed obscenity trial against the publisher Penguin Books, which won the case and quickly sold three million copies. The book was also banned for obscenity in the United States, Canada, Australia, India and Japan. The book soon became notorious for its story of the physical (and emotional) relationship between a working-class man and an upper-class woman, its explicit descriptions of sex and its use of then-unprintable profane words.
Fujiyama (surname)
Fujiyama (written: 藤山) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aiichirō Fujiyama (藤山 愛一郎, 1897–1985), Japanese politician and business executive

Cosmo Fujiyama (born 1985), Japanese-American philanthropist

Ichirō Fujiyama (藤山 一郎, 1911–1993), Japanese singer and composer

Naomi Fujiyama (藤山 直美, born 1958), Japanese actress

Ryuji Fujiyama (藤山 竜仁, born 1973), Japanese footballer

Shin Fujiyama, Japanese-American philanthropist

Tomofumi Fujiyama (藤山 智史, born 1994), Japanese footballer

Naomi Fujiyama
Naomi Fujiyama (藤山 直美, Fujiyama Naomi; born December 28, 1958) is a Japanese actress. She won the award for best actress at the 25th Hochi Film Award and at the 22nd Yokohama Film Festival  for Face.

She is the daughter of leading Japanese comedian
Kanbi Fujiyama.
Electrostatic ion cyclotron wave
In plasma physics, an electrostatic ion cyclotron wave is a longitudinal oscillation of the ions (and electrons) in a magnetized plasma, propagating nearly (but not exactly) perpendicular to the magnetic field. The angle (in radians) between the direction of propagation and the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field must be greater than about the square root of the mass ratio,

,

in order that the electrons can move along the field lines from crest to trough to satisfy the Boltzmann relation. The dispersion relation is

,

where Ωc is the ion cyclotron frequency and vs is the ion sound speed. This relation is the result of restoring forces due to the Lorentz force (see Upper hybrid oscillation for more details), the electrostatic force (the Te term in vs), and the ion pressure (the Ti term in vs).

Boltzmann relation
In a plasma, the Boltzmann relation describes the number density of an isothermal charged particle fluid when the thermal and the electrostatic forces acting on the fluid have reached equilibrium.

In many situations, the electron density of a plasma is assumed to behave according to the Boltzmann relation, due to their small mass and high mobility.
Boncourt railway station
Boncourt railway station (French: Gare de Boncourt) is a railway station in the municipality of Boncourt, in the Swiss canton of Jura. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Delémont–Delle line of Swiss Federal Railways.

Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (officially in French: République et Canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French regions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est.
Jennifer O'Connor (musician)
Jennifer O'Connor (born November 8, 1973) is an American singer-songwriter. She has released a series of well-regarded solo albums, and has either toured or played with Wilco, the Indigo Girls, Feist, Yo La Tengo, Dump, and the Mountain Goats, among other bands and musicians. Paste magazine has called her a "songwriter's songwriter", describing her albums as "master classes in economy and clarity."

While she is one of a limited number of notable independent musicians who is publicly out as gay, she does not write music obviously targeted to a gay audience. She is based in Brooklyn and in addition to writing and performing her own music, she also runs a record label, Kiam Records, with seven other artists on its roster.

Yo La Tengo
Yo La Tengo (Spanish for "I've got it"; also abbreviated as YLT) is an American indie rock band formed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1984. Since 1992, the lineup has consisted of Ira Kaplan (guitars, piano, vocals), Georgia Hubley (drums, piano, vocals), and James McNew (bass, vocals). In 2015, original guitarist Dave Schramm rejoined the band and appeared on their fourteenth album, Stuff Like That There.

Despite achieving limited mainstream success, Yo La Tengo has been called "the quintessential critics' band" and maintains a strong cult following. Though they mostly play original material, the band performs a wide repertoire of cover songs both in live performance and on record.
Cory McDiarmid
Cory McDiarmid (born in Nanaimo, B.C.) is a Canadian gridiron football coach who is the special teams coordinator for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He previously coached in the CFL with several teams and is a two-time Grey Cup winner with the BC Lions and Saskatchewan Roughriders. He has also coached for the Panthers Wrocław in the European League of Football.

Nanaimo
Nanaimo (/nəˈnaɪmoʊ/ nə-NY-moh) is a city on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo.

Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport. It is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor.
Souraïde
Souraïde (French pronunciation: [suʁa.id]; Basque: Zuraide) is a small village and a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is part of the traditional Basque province of Labourd.

Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French pronunciation: [pi.ʁe.nez‿at.lɑ̃.tik] ⓘ; Gascon Occitan: Pirenèus Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio Atlantikoak) is a department located in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the southwest corner of metropolitan France. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean, it covers the French Basque Country and the Béarn. It is divided in three arrondissements and its prefecture is Pau. In 2019, it had a population of 682,621.
KZIO
KZIO (104.3 / 94.1 FM) is a non-commercial, listener-supported radio station licensed to Two Harbors, Minnesota, and serving the Duluth-Superior area.  It is a satellite station to KCMP, Minnesota Public Radio's Adult Album Alternative (AAA) station known as "The Current."   The station is owned by the American Public Media Group, parent organization of MPR.  KZIO has inserts for local weather, underwriting messages, and a local music program that airs on Sunday evenings.

KZIO is a Class C2 FM station.  It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 50,000 watts.  Programming is also heard on FM translator 94.1 K231BI, which serves Duluth.

American Public Media Group
American Public Media Group (APMG), formerly the Minnesota Communications Group, is the non-profit parent organization of Minnesota Public Radio, American Public Media, and Southern California Public Radio. Jean Taylor is APMG's President and CEO.
Pedro de Quevedo y Quintano
Pedro Benito Antonio Quevedo y Quintano (Villanueva del Fresno, 1736 - Ourense, 1818) was a Spanish Roman Catholic clergyman and politician.

Named a bishop in 1776, he founded the Seminary of Ourense in 1803, and was one of the five people chosen for the Council of Regency that operated as the executive body of Spain's Supreme Central Junta after Ferdinand VII was deposed during the Peninsular War. He was also, at the time, the last Grand Inquisitor, until the Spanish Inquisition was abolished by the Cortes of Cádiz – which the Supreme Central Junta had established in 1810 to act as a parliamentary Regency. In 1816 Pope Pius VII named him a cardinal.

His sepulchre in the Ourense Cathedral was designed by sculptor Antoni Solà.

Ourense
Ourense (Galician: [owˈɾɛnsɪ]; Spanish: Orense [oˈɾense] ⓘ) is a city and the capital of the province of Ourense, located in the autonomous community of Galicia, northwestern Spain. It is on the Camino Sanabrés path of the Way of St James (Camino de Santiago), and is crossed by the Miño, Barbaña, Loña and Barbañica rivers. It is also known as A cidade das Burgas (in Galician) due to its hot springs, being one of the European cities with the greatest thermal heritage.
Lauren Markham
Lauren Markham is an American  journalist and writer.

Markham graduated from  Vermont College of Fine Arts. She was an editor at Virginia Quarterly Review and her work appeared in Mother Jones.

Markham teaches at Ashland University, St. Mary’s College of California, and the University of San Francisco. Her book A Map of Future Ruins was the runner-up for the 2025 Dayton Literary Peace Prize for non-fiction.

Virginia Quarterly Review
The Virginia Quarterly Review is a quarterly literary magazine that was established in 1925 by James Southall Wilson, at the request of University of Virginia president E. A. Alderman. This "National Journal of Literature and Discussion" includes poetry, fiction, book reviews, essays, photography, and comics.
Hajiakbar Abdulghupur
Hajiakbar Abdulghupur is a citizen of China, who was held in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba for many years.

The DoD estimates that Abdulghupur was born in 1973 in Ghulja, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China.

He was one of the 22 Uighurs held in Guantanamo for many years, even though it became clear early on that they were innocent.

He won his habeas corpus case in 2008. Judge Ricardo Urbina declared his detention unlawful and ordered for him to be set free in the United States.

In December 2013, after having been held at Guantanamo for over eleven years, Abdulghupur was transferred to Slovakia.

Yining
Yining (Chinese: 伊宁), also known as Ghulja (Uyghur: غۇلجا) or Kulja (Kazakh: قۇلجا), is a county-level city in northwestern Xinjiang, China. It is the administrative seat and largest city of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. Yining is the modern successor to the nearby ruined city of Almaliq, Huocheng County, and is the third largest city in Xinjiang after Ürümqi and Korla. It was established by Erdeni Batur Khong Tayiji of the Dzungar Khanate.
Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 2009–10
The Australian cricket team toured New Zealand from 26 February to 31 March 2010. The tour consisted of two Twenty20s (T20), five One Day Internationals (ODIs) and two Tests. Due to sponsorship, the tour was referred to as The National Bank Series, with the New Zealand team's major sponsor the National Bank of New Zealand, and the Australian team's major sponsor Victoria Bitter.

The T20 series was tied, with each team winning one of the matches. The Chappell–Hadlee Trophy—awarded to the winner of the annual series of ODI matches between the two nations—was retained by Australia for the third series in a row by defeating New Zealand 3–2. The Trans-Tasman Trophy—awarded to the winner of each test series between Australia and New Zealand—was retained by Australia for the eighth series in a row, after they defeated New Zealand 2–0.

The next series for both teams was the 2010 World Twenty20 in April and May.

Victoria Bitter
Victoria Bitter (VB) is a lager produced by Carlton & United Breweries, a subsidiary of Asahi, in Melbourne, Victoria. It was first brewed by Thomas Aitken at Victoria Brewery in 1854 and is one of the best selling beers in Australia.
Salerno metropolitan railway service
The Salerno metropolitan railway service is a commuter rail system operated by Trenitalia, serving the Italian city of Salerno. It is composed by a 5.66 km-long line with 6 stations, extending from the central station to the Arechi Stadium, and is commonly known as Metro Salerno.

Stadio Arechi
The Arechi Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Salerno, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of U.S. Salernitana 1919. The stadium holds 37,800. It was opened in 1990, replacing the Donato Vestuti stadium, which had become no longer fit to host the rapidly growing audience of the team. The Italy national football team has played at the stadium three times.
Jerez Peak
Jerez Peak (Bulgarian: връх Херес, romanized: vrah Heres, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈxɛrɛs]) is the ice-covered peak rising to 1400 m at the south extremity of Ravelin Ridge on Clarence Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is connected to Mount Llana by Soyka Saddle, and surmounts Treskavets Glacier to the northeast and Highton Glacier to the southeast.

The peak is named after the Spanish mariner Gregorio Jerez who made the second sighting of Roché Island (South Georgia, named by him Isla San Pedro) in 1756.

Highton Glacier
Highton Glacier (61°14′S 54°3′W﻿ / ﻿61.233°S 54.050°W﻿ / -61.233; -54.050) is a glacier on the east coast of Clarence Island in the South Shetland Islands, south of Sugarloaf Island, flowing northeast to the sea. Called "Stamina Glacier" from the stamina needed to cross it by the Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island Group, 1976–77, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1980 after Commander John E. Highton, Royal Navy, Deputy Leader of the expedition and in charge of the group on Clarence Island.
Rigside
Rigside is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, about 5 miles (8 kilometres) from the town of Lanark, and less than 1 mi (1.6 km) from Douglas Water. It lies on the A70 road to Ayr, and has approximately 800 inhabitants.

Rigside is a former mining village. The village has one shop, a takeaway cafe, a public house, and a doctor's surgery.  The village has very limited public transport links so most of the villagers have access to a car. The village has a nursery and primary school, both located on Muirfoot Road next to the recently upgraded play park and skate park.

The houses in the village are heated in order by ASHP,  coal, oil, and LPG. There is no mains gas in the village.

There is a mixture of both private and council owned houses which are being upgraded to ASHP from solid fuel.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.