hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Witch trials in Virginia
During a 104-year period from 1626 to 1730, there are documented Virginia Witch Trials, hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in Colonial Virginia. More than two dozen people are documented having been accused, including two men. Virginia was the first colony to have a formal accusation of witchcraft in 1626, and the first formal witch trial in 1641.

In 1730, Virginia was also the location of the last witchcraft trial in the mainland colonies. Shortly after that, the Parliament of Great Britain repealed the Witchcraft Act 1603, which had sanctioned witchcraft trials for British American colonists.

Witchcraft Acts
The Witchcraft Acts were a historical succession of governing laws in England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, and the British colonies on penalties for the practice, or—in later years—rather for pretending to practice witchcraft.
Firnley Islands
The Firnley Islands (Russian: острова Фирнлея; Ostrova Firnleya, Nynorsk: Firnleyøyane) is a group of three small islands covered with tundra vegetation and with scattered stones on their shores. They lie in the Kara Sea, close to the bleak coast of Siberia's Taymyr Peninsula, not far east of the Nordenskjold Archipelago. These islands lie about 35 km from the continental shore.

The Firnley Islands were named by Fridtjof Nansen. He named the island group after Thomas Fearnley, a Norwegian merchant who was one of the main financiers of the Fram expedition. They were also explored later by the Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition.

Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition
The Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition (GESLO) (1910–1915) was a scientific expedition organized by Russia for the purpose of the development of the Northern Sea Route.

This expedition accomplished its goal of exploring the uncharted areas of the continental side of the Northern Sea Route in what was seen as the culmination of the Great Northern Expedition, an ambitious enterprise initially conceived by emperor Peter I the Great to map the whole of the northern coast of Russia to the east.
1925 Australian Senate election
The 1925 Australian Senate election was held on 14 November 1925 to elect 22 of the 36 senators in the Australian Senate as part of the 1925 federal election. Each state elected three senators to serve a six-year term beginning on 1 July 1926. Due to casual vacancies, Victoria and Tasmania elected an extra senator, while New South Wales elected two extra senators.

The election was the first to implement compulsory voting following the passing of the 1924 amendment to the Commonwealth Electoral Act. The introduction of compulsory voting raised turnout to over 91%, compared with a turnout of under 60% at the previous election.

Compulsory voting
Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election. As of January 2026, 21 countries have compulsory voting laws. Law enforcement in those countries varies considerably, and the penalty for not casting a ballot without a proper justification ranges from severe to non-existent.
Deng Yanping
Deng Yanping (born 2 June 1987) is a Chinese lightweight rower.

At the 2003 World Rowing Championships in Milan, Italy, she won a gold medal in the lightweight women's quadruple sculls. At the next world championships in 2004 in Banyoles in Catalonia, Spain, she defended her world championship title in that boat class.

Banyoles
Banyoles (Catalan pronunciation: [bəˈɲɔləs]) is a city of 20,168  inhabitants (2021) located in the province of Girona in northeastern Catalonia, Spain.

The town is the capital of the Catalan comarca "Pla de l'Estany".  Although an established industrial centre many of the inhabitants commute to the nearby city of Girona (12 km to the south).

Banyoles was connected to Girona by the 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge Palamós–Girona–Banyoles railway, which reached it by 1928. Service on the line continued until 1956.
Viktor Kuzkin
Viktor Grigorievich Kuzkin (July 6, 1940 – June 24, 2008) was a Soviet ice hockey defender who played in the Soviet Hockey League.  He played for HC CSKA Moscow. He was inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1963. He was born in Moscow, Soviet Union.

Kuzkin won three gold medals in ice hockey at the Winter Olympics, winning them from 1964 to 1972. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2005.

He died after suffering a heart attack whilst diving in Sochi, Russia.

IIHF Hall of Fame
The IIHF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame operated by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It was founded in 1997, and has resided at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto since 1998. Prior to 1997, the IIHF housed exhibits at the International Hockey Hall of Fame in Kingston, Ontario. Inductions are made annually at the medal presentation day of the Ice Hockey World Championships. As of 2026, the IIHF has inducted 269 members.
Fitzgerald Nunataks
The Fitzgerald Nunataks (66°15′S 52°49′E﻿ / ﻿66.250°S 52.817°E﻿ / -66.250; 52.817) are three isolated nunataks 2 nautical miles (4 km) north of Mount Codrington, at the northwest end of the Napier Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. They were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named "Veslenutane" (the little peaks). They were photographed from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956 and renamed by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Brigadier L. Fitzgerald, Director of Survey in the Australian Army, 1942–60.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Illinois's 4th House of Representatives district
Illinois's 4th House of Representatives district is a Representative district within the Illinois House of Representatives located in Cook County, Illinois. It has been represented by Democrat Lilian Jiménez since December 15, 2022. The district was previously represented by Democrat Delia Ramirez from 2018 to 2022.

The district covers parts of Chicago and of Chicago's neighborhoods, it covers parts of Austin, Belmont Cragin, Hermosa, Humboldt Park, and West Town.

Belmont Cragin, Chicago
Belmont Cragin is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States, located on the Northwest Side of Chicago. It is designated Community Area 19, and is located 8 miles (13 km) NW of the Loop. Surrounding community areas include: Portage Park, Hermosa, Austin, Montclare, Dunning.
Software copyright in China
Software copyright in China in Chinese Law means that a creator or other Obligee enjoys exclusive rights of the software under related copyright law.

It is a civil right and has the common features of all other civil rights. It is an exception in intellectual property rights because it is owned without individual confirmation. This is usually referred to as the principle of “automatic protection”. The owner enjoys the right of publication, authorship, consent to use as well as the right of being paid.

Chinese law
Chinese law is one of the oldest legal traditions in the world. The core of modern Chinese law is based on Germanic-style civil law, socialist law, and traditional Chinese approaches. For most of the history of China, its legal system has been based on the Confucian philosophy of social control through moral education, as well as the Legalist emphasis on codified law and criminal sanction. Following the Xinhai Revolution, the Republic of China adopted a largely Western-style legal code in the civil law tradition (specifically German and Swiss based). The establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 brought with it a more Soviet-influenced system of socialist law. However, earlier traditions from Chinese history have retained their influence.
Coomallo Important Bird Area
Coomallo Important Bird Area is a 21 km2 fragmented tract of land in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.  The western section includes the eastern end of the Coomallo Nature Reserve, while the eastern section comprises several separated remnants of eucalypt woodland.  It lies about 200 km north of Perth and 40 km east of coastal Jurien Bay.  It was identified and classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports up to 40 breeding pairs of the endangered Carnaby's black-cockatoo which nest in large tree hollows in the woodlands and in isolated paddock trees, and feed in native shrublands.  It also supports western corellas, regent parrots, rufous treecreepers, blue-breasted fairywrens and western spinebills.

Eucalypt
Eucalypt is any woody plant with capsule fruiting bodies belonging to one of seven closely related genera (of the tribe Eucalypteae) found across Australia:
Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Angophora, Stockwellia, Allosyncarpia, Eucalyptopsis and Arillastrum. In Australia, they are commonly known as gum trees or stringybarks.
Bamboozled
Bamboozled is a 2000 American satirical black comedy-drama film written and directed by Spike Lee about a modern televised minstrel show featuring black actors donning blackface makeup and the resulting violent fallout from the show's success. It features an ensemble cast including Damon Wayans, Jada Pinkett Smith, Savion Glover, Tommy Davidson, and Michael Rapaport.

The film was given a limited release by New Line Cinema during the fall of 2000 and was released on DVD the following year. Critical reception was mixed, and the film was unsuccessful financially, becoming a box office bomb. Despite its initial reception, Bamboozled later achieved cult film status for its satirical look at stereotypical depictions of black people in both historical and contemporary American film and television productions, and, in 2023, was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

Michael Rapaport
Michael David Rapaport (born March 20, 1970) is an American actor, comedian, and podcast host. His film roles include Zebrahead (1992), True Romance (1993), Higher Learning (1995), Metro (1997), Cop Land (1997), Deep Blue Sea (1999), The 6th Day (2000), Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), Big Fan (2009), and The Heat (2013). On television, he headlined the Fox sitcom The War at Home (2005–2007) and was a series regular on the Fox drama Boston Public (2001–2004), the fourth season of the Fox serial drama Prison Break (2008–2009), and the Netflix comedy drama Atypical (2017–2021). Rapaport held recurring roles on the NBC sitcoms Friends (1999), My Name Is Earl (2007–2008), and Justified (2014). Outside of his acting career, Rapaport directed the 2011 documentary Beats, Rhymes & Life: The Travels of A Tribe Called Quest about the hip hop group A Tribe Called Quest. Active on several podcasts, he is the host of the I Am Rapaport Stereo Podcast.
Colectica
Colectica is a suite of programs for use in documenting official statistics and specifying statistical surveys using open standards that enable researchers, archivists, and programmers to perform:

questionnaire design

automatic programming for computer-assisted telephone interviewing systems

data entry, retrieval, and management

statistical analysis

microdata documentation and management

applications development

data warehousing

metadata standards creation such as Data Documentation Initiative

Colectica is currently in use by a variety of university survey research groups, longitudinal studies, National Statistics Offices, data archives, and commercial survey research organizations.

Microdata (statistics)
In the study of survey and census data, microdata is information at the level of individual respondents. For instance, a national census might collect age, home address, educational level, employment status, and many other variables, recorded separately for every person who responds; this is microdata.
GNP Crescendo Records
GNP Crescendo Record Co. is an independent record label founded in 1954 by Gene Norman (né Eugene Abraham Nabatoff; 1922–2015). It started as a producer of jazz, then expanded into many other genres, including comedy, rock, and Star Trek soundtracks. Currently GNP Cresendo is run by Gene Norman's son, Neil Norman.

Stan Kenton
Stanley Newcomb Kenton (December 15, 1911 – August 25, 1979) was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
Isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
In enzymology, isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.80) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are isopropanol and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Its products are acetone, reduced NADPH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is propan-2-ol:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in propanoate metabolism.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
2017 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup
The 2017 Men's Indoor Pan American Cup was the seventh edition of the Men's Indoor Pan American Cup, the quadrennial international men's indoor hockey championship of the Americas organized by the Pan American Hockey Federation. It was held alongside the women's tournament in Georgetown, Guyana from 16 to 21 October 2017.

The winners of the tournament qualified for the 2018 Men's and Women's Hockey World Cup respectively.

2018 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup
The 2018 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup was the fifth edition of this tournament and played from 7 to 11 February 2018 in Berlin, Germany.

Germany defeated the Netherlands 2–1 in the final to win their third title, while Belarus secured their first medal.
Nondumiso Mzizana
Nondumiso Mzizana is a South African dentist and businesswoman. A member of the Leadership Board of the Gordon Institute of Business Science at the University of Pretoria, Mzizana is a board member at the Northern Cape Economic Development, Trade and Investment Promotion Agency and at ZADNA, the ZA Domain Name Authority that regulates, manages and administers South Africa's Internet top level domain. The CEO of Sikelela Medical and Dental Supplies, she was the recipient of Businesswomen's Association of South Africa's Businesswoman of the Year for 2011, and was nominated as the most influential woman business leader in South Africa by African Business News.

Dentist
A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.
Ministry of National Planning and Development Coordination (Solomon Islands)
The Ministry of National Planning and Development Coordination (MNPDC) is one of the government ministries in the Solomon Islands government. It has primary responsibility in enabling the government to develop and implement development strategies on a national level.

MNPDC is also responsible for implementing the National Development Strategy 2016-2035, and coordinates disaster recovery efforts when needed.

Politics of Solomon Islands
Politics of Solomon Islands takes place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic, constitutional monarchy.  Solomon Islands is an independent Commonwealth realm, where executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and a multi-party parliament.

The head of state, the King or Queen of Solomon Islands, is represented by the Governor-General.  The head of government is the Prime Minister.
Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, press, worship, movement, and association. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Ruthiyai-Maksi section
The Ruthiyai-Maksi section of the West Central Railway Zone is a fully operational public transit system in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It connects Ruthiyai Jn with Maksi Jn. The section forms a part of the Indore-Gwalior line which connects two important cities, Indore & Gwalior with each other.

The rail section also connects Shajapur, Biaora Rajgarh and Chachaura Binaganj stations along the way. The section connects Gwalior city directly with Guna, Ujjain, Ratlam, Kota, Indore, Bhopal, Dewas & Nagda.

Chachaura Binaganj railway station
Chachaura Binaganj railway station is a railway station in the city of Chachaura in Guna district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is CBK. It serves Chachaura-Binaganj town. The station consists of one platform. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. Passenger, Express, and Superfast trains halt here.
Query language
A query language, also known as data query language or database query language (DQL), is a computer language used to make queries in databases and information systems. In database systems, query languages rely on strict theory to retrieve information. A well known example is the Structured Query Language (SQL).

Data manipulation language
A data manipulation language (DML) is a computer programming language used for adding (inserting), deleting, and modifying (updating) data in a database. A DML is often a sublanguage of a broader database language such as SQL, with the DML comprising some of the operators in the language. Read-only selecting of data is sometimes distinguished as being part of a separate data query language (DQL), but it is closely related and sometimes also considered a component of a DML; some operators may perform both selecting (reading) and writing.

A popular data manipulation language is that of Structured Query Language (SQL), which is used to retrieve and manipulate data in a relational database. Other forms of DML are those used by IMS/DLI, CODASYL databases, such as IDMS and others.
Rajni Bakshi
Rajni Bakshi is a Mumbai-based freelance journalist and author. She writes about social and political movements in contemporary India. Rajni is the founder and curator of Ahimsa Conversations, an online platform for exploring the possibilities of nonviolence.

She was formerly the Gandhi Peace Fellow at Gateway House: Indian Council on Global Relations. 
Her journalism has appeared in many English and Hindi newspapers and magazines.  Bakshi attended school in Kingston, Jamaica, Indraprastha College (Delhi), George Washington University (Washington D.C.) and Rajasthan University (Jaipur).

In 2000 Rajni received the Homi Bhabha Fellowship. Her book Bazaars, Conversations and Freedom (2009) won two Vodafone Crossword Book Awards, one in the "Non Fiction" category, and one in the "Popular Award" category.

Crossword Book Award
The Crossword Book Award (formerly known as the Crossword Book Award (1998–2003), the Hutch Crossword Book Award (2004–07), the Vodafone Crossword Book Award (2008–10), the Economist Crossword Book Award (2011–13), Raymond & Crossword Book Award (2014–present)) is an Indian book award hosted by Crossword Bookstores and their sponsors. The Award was instituted in 1998 by Indian book retailer Crossword with the intention of competing with The Booker Prize, Commonwealth Writers' Prize or The Pulitzer Prize.
Sawamura
Sawamura (written: 沢村 or 澤村) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eiji Sawamura (沢村 栄治) (1917–1944), Japanese baseball player

Hirokazu Sawamura (澤村 拓一) (born 1988), Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball player

Ikki Sawamura (沢村 一樹) (born 1967) Japanese actor

Kunitarō Sawamura (沢村 国太郎) (1905–1974), Japanese actor

Tadashi Sawamura (沢村 忠) (1943–2021), Japanese kickboxer

Fictional characters:

Chizuru Sawamura of Inubaka

Haruka Sawamura of Yakuza (series)

Seiji Sawamura and his sister Rin of Midori Days

Daichi Sawamura of Haikyuu!

Dai Sawamura of Space Sheriff Shaider

Eijun Sawamura of Diamond no Ace

Inubaka
Inubaka: Crazy for Dogs (いぬばか, Inubaka; lit. 'Dog Idiot') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yukiya Sakuragi. It started in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Jump in September 2004, and was later transferred to Monthly Young Jump in August 2009, where it ended in April 2010. Its chapters were collected in 22 tankōbon volumes. The series was licensed in North America by Viz Media, who published 17 volumes from 2007 to 2010, before ceasing its publication. A live-action film adaptation premiered in November 2009.
Cross-country skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics – Men's 2 × 10 kilometre pursuit
The men's 2 × 10 kilometre pursuit cross-country skiing competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, United States, was held on 14 February at Soldier Hollow.

The competition consisted of two races. The first was a 10 kilometre classical race. Then, there was a 10 km freestyle pursuit where the competitors started based on the times from the classical event. The winner of the race was the first competitor(s) to finish the second race.

Johann Mühlegg of Spain originally won the competition, but nine days later he failed a doping test following his gold medal win in the 50 km classical race.

Johann Mühlegg
Johann Mühlegg (born 8 November 1970 in Marktoberdorf, Germany) is a former top level cross-country skier who competed in international competitions first representing Germany and then Spain, after becoming a Spanish citizen in 1999. He was excluded and disqualified from the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City for doping.
2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3 – Men's 500 metres
The men's 500 metres races of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 3, arranged in Sportforum Hohenschönhausen, in Berlin, Germany, were held on the weekend of 5–7 December 2014.

Race one was won by Artur Waś of Poland, while Laurent Dubreuil of Canada came second, and Michel Mulder of the Netherlands came third. Mirko Giacomo Nenzi of Italy won Division B of race one, and was thus, under the rules, automatically promoted to Division A for race two. Christian Oberbichler of Switzerland set a new national record with a time of 36.15.

In race two, Waś won again, while Espen Aarnes Hvammen of Norway came second, and Dubreuil had to settle for third. Xie Jiaxuan of China won Division B of race two.

Xie Jiaxuan
Xie Jiaxuan (Chinese: 谢嘉轩; pinyin: Xiè Jiāxuān; Mandarin pronunciation: [ɕjê tɕjá ɕɥɛ́n]; born 30 August 1994) is a Chinese speed skater who competes internationally.

He participated at the 2018 Winter Olympics and competed in the men's 500m event finishing on 31st position.