hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pit (nuclear weapon)
In nuclear weapon design, the pit is the core of an implosion nuclear weapon, consisting of fissile material and any neutron reflector or tamper bonded to it. Early pits were spherical, while most modern pits are prolate spheroidal. Some weapons tested during the 1950s used pits made with uranium-235 alone, or as a composite with plutonium. All-plutonium pits are the smallest in diameter and have been the standard since the early 1960s. The pit is named after the hard core found in stonefruit such as peaches and apricots.

Apricot
An apricot (US: /ˈæprɪkɒt/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈeɪprɪkɒt/ ⓘ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus. Usually an apricot is from the species Prunus armeniaca, but the fruits of the other species in Prunus sect. Armeniaca are also called apricots. In 2023, world production of apricots was 3.7 million tonnes, led by Turkey with 20% of the total.

Prunus armeniaca was domesticated in ancient times in Central Asia and China. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia. Cultivation of the tree then spread across Eurasia and to North Africa and Japan. The fruit is consumed both fresh and dried. Apricots are used in dishes including cakes, tarts, and jam, and in savoury dishes, for example in stuffing. In Austria, they are the basis of Marillenknödel, sweet apricot dumplings.
Toucan
Toucans (/ˈtuːkæn/, UK: /-kən/) are Neotropical birds in the family Ramphastidae. They are most closely related to the Toucan barbets. They are brightly marked and have large, often colorful bills. The family includes five genera and over 40 different species.

Toucans are arboreal and typically lay two to four white eggs in their nests. They make their nests in tree hollows and holes excavated by other animals such as woodpeckers—the toucan bill has very limited use as an excavation tool. When the eggs hatch, the young emerge completely naked, without any down. Toucans are resident breeders and do not migrate. Toucans are usually found in pairs or small flocks. They sometimes fence with their bills and wrestle, which scientists hypothesize they do to establish dominance hierarchies. In Africa and Asia, hornbills occupy the toucans' ecological niche, an example of convergent evolution.

Bird egg
Bird eggs are laid by the females and range in quantity from one (as in condors) to up to seventeen (the grey partridge). Clutch size may vary latitudinally within a species. Some birds lay eggs even when the eggs have not been fertilized; it is not uncommon for pet owners to find their lone bird nesting on a clutch of infertile eggs, which are sometimes called wind-eggs.
Ali Kaes
Ali Kaes (born 4 April 1955, in Diekirch) is a Luxembourgish politician for the Christian Social People's Party.  He was a member of the national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies, representing the Nord constituency from 2004  to 2023.

He was also mayor of Tandel, being the commune's first mayor at its creation on 1 January 2006 and serving until 2023.  Kaes was previously the mayor of Bastendorf, one of the two communes that merged to form Tandel, having held that position since 1 January 1994.  Prior to that, he had been a councillor in Bastendorf (1989–1993).

Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)
The Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourgish: Chamber vun den Deputéierten or simply D'Chamber, French: Chambre des Députés, German: Abgeordnetenkammer), abbreviated to the Chamber, is the unicameral national legislature of Luxembourg. The metonym Krautmaart (French: Marché aux herbes, English: "Herb Market") is sometimes used for the Chamber, after the square on which the Hôtel de la Chambre is located.

The Chamber is made up of 60 seats. Deputies are elected to serve five-year terms by proportional representation in four multi-seat constituencies. Voters may vote for as many candidates as the constituency elects deputies.
Curcuma zanthorrhiza
Curcuma xanthorrhiza, known as temulawak, Java ginger, Javanese ginger, or Javanese turmeric is a plant species, belonging to the ginger family. It is known in Javanese as temulawak, in Sundanese as koneng gede (large turmeric) and in Madurese as temu labak. The scientific name is sometimes written as Curcuma xanthorrhiza, but this is an orthographical variant.

This plant originated from Indonesia, more specifically from Java island, out of which it spread to several places in the biogeographical region Malesia. Currently, most of the temu lawak is cultivated in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. Outside of South East Asia, cultivars may be found also in China, Indochina, Barbados, India, Japan, Korea, the United States and some countries in Europe.

Curcuma xanthorrhiza flourishes up to 1500 m above sea level in a tropical climate. Its rhizomes develop well in loose soil.

Madurese language
Madurese (/ˌmædʒʊˈriːz/ MAD-juh-REEZ; Bhâsa Madhurâ, Pegon script: ݒا࣪سا ماڊۅرا࣪, Carakan script: ꦧꦱꦩꦝꦸꦫ, IPA: [bʰɤsa maʈʰurɤ]) is a language of the Madurese people, native to the Madura Island and eastern part of Java, Indonesia; it is also spoken by migrants to other parts of Indonesia, namely the Surabaya, Malang, Gresik, eastern salient of Java (comprising Pasuruan, Bondowoso, Probolinggo, Situbondo, Jember, Lumajang, to Banyuwangi), the Masalembu Islands, Raas Islands, and some on Kalimantan. It was traditionally written in the Javanese script, but the Latin script and the Pegon script (based on Arabic script) is now more commonly used. The number of speakers, though shrinking, is estimated to be 10–14 million, making it one of the most widely spoken languages in the country. Bawean language, which is a dialect of Madurese, is also spoken by Bawean people in Bawean Island, Indonesia. Then also by their descendants in Malaysia and Singapore.
Neurobasis australis
Neurobasis australis is a species of damselfly in the family Calopterygidae,
commonly known as a Papuan demoiselle. 
It is a large, metallic green damselfly with long legs, and dark wings without pterostigma.
It has been recorded from New Guinea, 
and Indonesia, where it inhabits streams.

Pterostigma
The pterostigma (plural: pterostigmata) is a group of specialized cells in the outer wings of insects, which are often thickened or coloured, and thus stand out from other cells. It is particularly noticeable in dragonflies, but present also in other insect groups, such as snakeflies, hymenopterans, and megalopterans. It is also often referred to as a stigma.
Aberdeen station (Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway)
Aberdeen station, otherwise known as the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railroad Depot in Aberdeen, South Dakota was built by the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway (or M&StL) in the early 1900s and opened for service on September 1, 1907.

The depot is a one and one-half story rectangular brick building with a one story bay window on the south wall.

The Minneapolis and St. Louis Railroad began laying tracks into Aberdeen in 1906, and the first passenger train, the Aberdeen Limited, arrived on September 1, 1907. Passenger service to the station lasted until 1949. In 1968, the old station became the Depot Club. In 2016, the station was renovated and became an architecture office.

Aberdeen, South Dakota
Aberdeen (Lakota: Ablíla) is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 28,495 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 27,919 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in the state.  Aberdeen is home of Northern State University.
Ektov
Ektov (Russian: Эктов) is a Russian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Ektova (Russian: Эктова). Notable people with one of these surnames include:

Aleksandr Ektov (born 1996), Russian footballer

Irina Ektova (born 1987), Kazakhstani triple jumper, wife of Yevgeniy

Yekaterina Ektova (born 1992),  Kazakhstani triple jumper

Yevgeniy Ektov (born 1986), Kazakhstani triple jumper, husband of Irina

Aleksandr Ektov
Aleksandr Yuryevich Ektov (Russian: Александр Юрьевич Эктов; born 30 January 1996) is a Russian football player who plays for Pari Nizhny Novgorod. He is deployed in multiple positions, as a full-back or wide midfielder (both on right and left flank).
The Coast Is Clear (In-Flight Safety album)
The Coast Is Clear is the debut album by Canadian indie rock band In-Flight Safety, released on January 24, 2006, on Dead Daisy Records and distributed by Outside Music.  The album was recognized by the music industry, with the group winning three awards at the 2006 Nova Scotia Music Awards, including Album of the Year. In 2007, they won three East Coast Music Awards, including Group Recording of the Year for this album.  The music video for "Coast Is Clear" was nominated for Video of the Year at the 2007 Juno Awards.  Lead vocalist and guitarist John Mullane wrote the lyrics for each song.

East Coast Music Association
The East Coast Music Association (ECMA) is a non-profit association purposed towards supporting the music industry in the Canadian east coast, i.e., Atlantic Canada. The ECMA hosts the annual East Coast Music Awards (formerly the Maritime Music Awards) festival.

The East Coast Music Awards have been a springboard for many Atlantic Canadians, including Sarah McLachlan, Ashley MacIsaac, Rawlins Cross, Lennie Gallant, Natalie MacMaster, Gordie Sampson, Joel Plaskett, The Rankin Family, Rita MacNeil, Bruce Guthro, J.P. Cormier and Great Big Sea.

Each year, the ECMA also awards one person with the Dr. Helen Creighton Lifetime Achievement Award to recognize an artist or band that has had a profound and lasting effect on the Atlantic Canadian music industry.
Southern Sudan Autonomous Region (2005–2011)
Southern Sudan (Arabic: حكومة جنوب السودان Ḥukūmat Janūb as-Sūdān; Dinka: Lɔ̈k Bïkrotmac Paguot Thudän) was an autonomous region consisting of the ten southern states of Sudan between its formation in July 2005 and independence as the Republic of South Sudan in July 2011. The autonomous government was initially established in Rumbek and later moved to Juba. It was bordered by Ethiopia to the east; Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south; and the Central African Republic to the west. To the north lies the predominantly Arab and Muslim region directly under the control of the central government. The region's autonomous status was a condition of a peace agreement between the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) and the Government of Sudan represented by the National Congress Party ending the Second Sudanese Civil War. The conflict was Africa's longest running civil war.

John Garang
John Garang De Mabior (June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and revolutionary leader. From 1983 to 2005, he led the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M, Now known as South Sudan People's Defense Forces) as a commander in chief during the Second Sudanese Civil War. He served as First Vice President of Sudan for three weeks, from the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 until his death in a helicopter crash on July 30, 2005.

A developmental economist by profession, Garang was one of the major influences on the movement that led to the foundation of South Sudan’s independence from the rule of Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir.
Telandrus
Telandrus or Telandros (Ancient Greek: Τήλανδρος), also known as Telandros akre (Ancient Greek: Τηλανδρία ἄκρα) was a town on Telandria island in ancient Caria. It was a polis (city-state), and a member of the Delian League since it appears in tribute records of Athens between the years 453/2 and 433/2 BCE.

Pliny the Elder mentions Telandria (modern Tersane) as an island from which the population had disappeared. However, Quintus Smyrnaeus notes Telandrus as the name of a valley near the Glaucus River, so called because it was the place where tradition indicated that the mythical Glaucus of Lycia (of Trojan War fame) was buried. It has been suggested that the site may be at Tersane or Avthoki or at Nif Köy in the interior of Caria.

Glaucus (son of Hippolochus)
In Greek mythology, Glaucus (/ˈɡlɔːkəs/; Ancient Greek: Γλαῦκος Glaukos means "shiny", "bright" or "bluish-green") was a captain in the Lycian army under the command of his close friend and cousin Sarpedon. The Lycians in the Trojan War were allies of Troy. During the war, Glaucus fought valiantly. He was described by the chronicler Malalas in his account of the Chronography as "strong, sensible, pious".
Srikrishna Gandaki
Srikrishna Gandaki  is a village development committee in Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 8815 people living in 1993 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Pterostylis dolichochila
Pterostylis dolichochila, commonly known as the long-tongued shell orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to southern Australia. As with similar orchids, the flowering plants differ from those which are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but the flowering plants have a single flower with leaves on the flowering spike. This greenhood has a green and white flower with reddish-brown stripes and a sharply pointed dorsal sepal.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Kriss Turner
Kriss Turner is an American screenwriter and producer.

Turner has written and produced episodes for the television series Sister, Sister, Living Single, The Bernie Mac Show, Cosby, Everybody Hates Chris, Whoopi and Sherri.

Turner also the wrote the 2006 feature film Something New. She was featured on CNN's two-night series Black in America, where she discussed the idea of being a single African-American woman who is successful in a male-dominated field. There she speaks about the dualities women face because they are successful and the lack of like-minded African-American men.

She was born in Hawaii.

Whoopi (TV series)
Whoopi is an American television sitcom created by Bonnie and Terry Turner and starring Whoopi Goldberg that aired for one season on NBC. The series premiered on September 9, 2003, and ran until April 20, 2004. It was canceled by NBC in May 2004. The series revolved around the events and people at her hotel, the fictional Lamont Hotel, in New York City.
Launde Big Wood
Launde Big Wood is a 41.1 hectares (102 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Leicester. It is part of Launde Woods nature reserve, which is owned by the Leicester Diocesan Board of Finance and managed by the Leicestershire and Rutland Wildlife Trust.

This wood on heavy clay is dominated by ash, and in some areas by wych elm. The ground layer has flora typical of ancient clay woods, such as bluebell, forget-me-not, yellow archangel and giant bellflower.

There is access to the site by a public footpath.

Lamium galeobdolon
Lamium galeobdolon, the yellow archangel, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. It is native to Europe and western Asia but it is widely introduced in North America and elsewhere. It is the only species in the genus Lamium with yellow flowers. Another common name for this species is golden dead-nettle. In New Zealand, it is called the aluminium plant or artillery plant. The common names archangel and dead-nettle have been in use for hundreds of years, dating back to at least the 16th century.

Lamium galeobdolon comprises four closely related subspecies that are sometimes considered to be four separate species, one of which, the variegated yellow archangel (Lamium galeobdolon subsp. argentatum) from central Europe, is widely present as an invasive subspecies in several European countries outside of its native range and also in New Zealand, Canada, and the United States.
Varbanov
Varbanov (Bulgarian: Върбанов) is a Bulgarian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Varbanova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandar Varbanov (born 1964), Bulgarian weightlifter

Marin Varbanov (1932–1989), Bulgarian artist

Nikolay Varbanov (born 1985), Bulgarian basketball player

Ventsislav Varbanov (born 1962), Bulgarian politician

Yordan Varbanov (born 1980), Bulgarian footballer

Ventsislav Varbanov
Ventsislav Vasilev Varbanov (Bulgarian: Венцислав Василев Върбанов; born 16 April 1962) is a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Agrarian Reform in the Kostov government between 1997 and 2001.

Since 2014, he has been the chairman of the Association of Agricultural Producers (Bulgarian: Асоциация на земеделските производители) in Bulgaria.
1945 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1945, celebrating the official birthday of King George VI, were announced on 14 June 1945 for the United Kingdom and British Empire.

The recipients of the Birthday Honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Armoured Corps
The Royal Armoured Corps (RAC) is the armoured arm of the British Army, that together with the Household Cavalry provides its armour capability, with vehicles such as the Challenger 2 and the Warrior tracked armoured vehicle. It includes most of the Army's armoured regiments, both the Royal Tank Regiment and those converted from old horse cavalry regiments. In September 2024, it comprised fourteen regiments: ten Regular Regiments; four Army Reserve. Although the Household Cavalry Regiment (the Life Guards and the Blues and Royals) provide an armoured regiment, they are not part of the RAC.
Dieleman
Dieleman or Dielemans is a patronymic surname of Dutch and Flemish origin, derived from a pet form of Diedrick. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Dieleman (born 1931), American politician

Frans Dieleman (1942–2005), Dutch geographer and professor

Martijn Dieleman (born 1979), Dutch volleyball player

Mitch Dielemans (born 1993), Dutch archer

Paul Dielemans (born 1957), Dutch sailor

Frans Dieleman
François Marinus (Frans) Dieleman (2 September 1942 in Aardenburg – 11 April 2005) was a Dutch geographer and Professor in Urban and Rural Geography at the Utrecht University known for his work in the fields of urban geography and the geography of housing.
Sretensky District
Sretensky District (Russian: Сретенский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai, and borders with Mogochinsky District in the north, Gazimuro-Zavodsky District in the east, and with  District in the west.  The area of the district is 15,600 square kilometers (6,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Sretensk. Population: 23,311 (2010 Census); 27,524 (2002 Census); 33,236 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Sretensk accounts for 29.4% of the district's total population.

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.
Live & Indestructible
Live & Indestructible is an extended play (EP) by American heavy metal band Disturbed. It was released on September 30, 2008 exclusively through iTunes Store and on October 7, 2008 via other online retailers. It features three live tracks from Disturbed's first online concert at Deep Rock Drive and includes the music video for Indestructible's third official single and title track, "Indestructible". The EP was also sold at Hot Topic stores exclusively in CD format, featuring an alternative cover. This version features an extra song, "Stupify", and lacks the music video for "Indestructible".

Dan Donegan
Daniel Joseph Donegan (born August 1, 1968) is an American musician who is the guitarist and one of the founding members of heavy metal band Disturbed.

Donegan began playing guitar as a teenager and eventually formed a band called Vandal, which was a 1980s-style glam metal band. He also played with some of the members of Vandal in another band that was called Loudmouth, and has pursued a side project band, Fight or Flight, in collaboration with Disturbed band member Mike Wengren.

Donegan was added to the guitar show Chop Shop's list of "Top 100 Most Complete Guitar Players of All Time" at number 76. Some journalists consider him to be among the best nu metal guitarists of all time.
Howrah–Patna Jan Shatabdi Express
The Patna – Howrah Jan Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train of the Jan Shatabdi Express series belonging to Indian Railways – East Central Railway zone that runs between Patna Junction and Howrah Junction in India.

It operates as train number 12024 from Patna Junction to Howrah Junction and as train number 12023 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.

East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya
Mark van der Laan
Mark Johannes van der Laan is the Jiann-Ping Hsu/Karl E. Peace Professor of Biostatistics and Statistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He has made contributions to survival analysis, semiparametric statistics, multiple testing, and causal inference. He also developed the targeted maximum likelihood estimation methodology. He is a founding editor of the Journal of Causal Inference.

Multiple comparisons problem
Multiple comparisons, multiplicity or multiple testing problem occurs when many statistical tests are performed on the same dataset. Each test has its own chance of a Type I error (false positive), so the overall probability of making at least one false positive increases as the number of tests grows. In statistics, this occurs when one simultaneously considers a set of statistical inferences or estimates a subset of selected parameters based on observed values.

The probability of false positives is measured through the family-wise error rate (FWER). The larger the number of inferences made in a series of tests, the more likely erroneous inferences become.  Several statistical techniques have been developed to compensate for the number of inferences being made—for example, by requiring a stricter significance threshold for individual comparisons.