hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter Wessel Wind Kildal
Peter Wessel Wind Kildal (24 November 1814 – 22 March 1882) was a Norwegian merchant and industrialist.

Kildal was born at Borgund in Romsdalen county, Norway. He was the son of Ole Severin Kildal and Karen Friis Wind. He was the brother of politician, Peter Daniel Baade Wind Kildal.

As a young man, Kildal went to Christiania (now Oslo) to apprentice  with Christian Benneche  who ran a general store. He opened his first mercantile store in Christiania in 1842. He gradually expanded other businesses into  P. W. W. Kildal & Co. At Høyenhall in Østensjø, he owned the country's largest fruit plantation, at Hol in Ringsaker Municipality where he owned a farm, a dairy, and a potato flour factory. In 1863 he took over the Lilleborg Fabriker factory which remained family operated until 1897.

He was married to Christine Marie Gotaas (1817-1900) and was the father of Birger Kildal. His daughter Elen Lovise married Lauritz Birkeland, a son of bishop Peter Hersleb Graah Birkeland.

Lilleborg (company)
Lilleborg AS is a major hygiene and cleaning article company in Norway, owned by Solenis, and formerly owned by the Orkla Group. It was established in 1833, and was one of the first companies in Norway to start manufacturing brand name products. It currently operates three factories in Norway, and employs a total working staff of 595.
1928 Thames flood
51°29′02″N 0°09′43″W﻿ / ﻿51.484°N 0.162°W﻿ / 51.484; -0.162

The 1928 Thames flood was a disastrous flood of the River Thames that affected much of riverside London on 7 January 1928, as well as places further downriver. Fourteen people died and thousands were made homeless when floodwaters poured over the top of the Thames Embankment and part of the Chelsea Embankment collapsed. It was the last major flood to affect central London, and, along with the disastrous North Sea flood of 1953, helped lead to the implementation of new flood control measures that culminated in the construction of the Thames Barrier in the 1970s.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Mahuri
Mahuri is a Hindu caste (jāti). Mahuri are reported to have migrated from the city of Mathura and surrounding rural locations to the then subah of Bengal under the Mughal Empire. As a faithful community, the Mahuri Vaishya community still continues to worship Mata Mathurasini Devi, an incarnation of Shakti, as their family deity.

Shakti
Shakti (Devanagari: शक्ति, IAST: Śakti; lit. 'energy, ability, strength, effort, power, might, capability') in Hinduism, is the "Universal Power" that underlies and sustains all existence. Conceived as feminine in essence, Shakti as devi refers to the personified energy or power of a male deity, often personified as the complementary force of the given Hindu god.

In Tantric Shaktism, Shakti is the foremost deity, akin to Brahman. In Puranic Hinduism, Shiva and Shakti are the masculine and feminine principles that are complementary to each other. The female deity is prakriti, the active, dynamic and creative principle. The male deity is purusha, the passive, unchanging and observing principle. The interaction of both principles is what creates the universe.

The term Shakta is used for the description of people associated with Shakti worship. The Shakta pithas are shrines, which are believed to be the sacred seats of Shakti.
Sigurd Lie
Sigurd Lie (May 23, 1871 – September 30, 1904) was a Norwegian composer and conductor.

Lie was born in Drammen. He grew up in Kristiansand, studied in Leipzig in the early 1890s, and then moved to Oslo to work as a conductor. He died of tuberculosis in Oslo in 1904.

Lie is known for romances, and his best-known work is the romance Sne (Snow) with lyrics by Helge Rode. He also wrote other well-regarded Norwegian romances, including Hav (The Sea) and Det er vaar (It Is Spring), with lyrics by Idar Handagard. He also set poems by Vilhelm Krag to music.

Vilhelm Krag
Vilhelm Krag (24 December 1871 – 10 July 1933) was a Norwegian poet, writer, journalist and cultural personality. Known for coining the term Sørlandet to describe a region of Norway, he was the son of Peter Rasmus Krag and  younger brother of the novelist Thomas Krag.

His first volume of poetry, which came out in 1891, included many of his best-known poems: "Fandango", "Der skreg en fugl" (A bird cried), "Liden Kirsten" (Little Kirsten), "Majnat" (May night), "Mens jeg venter" (While I'm waiting), "Moderen synger" (The mother sings) and "Og jeg vil ha mig en hjertenskjær" (And I will have me a sweetheart).

Edvard Grieg set Krag's lyrics to music in his Opus 60, published in 1894. In the early 20th century  works by Krag were recorded in America by Florence Bodinoff, George Hamlin, Nathalie Hansen, Eleonora Olson, Ernestine Schumann-Heink, Aalrud Tillisch, and Carsten Woll.
Tubal Furnace Archeological Site
The Tubal Furnace Archeological Site is the site of an early 18th century industrial iron works in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near Chancellor.  Established by colonial Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood in c. 1717, the site included a furnace and waterworks.  It was operated, primarily by skilled slave labor, into the early 19th century.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Chancellor, Virginia
Chancellor is an unincorporated community in Spotsylvania County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Originally named Screamersville, the community was established as a railroad whistle stop west of Fredericksburg.  The name was changed to Chancellor around 1927 by agreement of the railroad and the local community.
Theodosia Inlet
Theodosia Inlet is an inlet in the Desolation Sound region of the South Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, located east of Lancelot Inlet, a sub-inlet of Malaspina Inlet.  The inlet is fed by the Theodosia River.  The locality of Theodosia Arm is located near its outlet at the head of Thors Cove.

Inlet
An inlet is a typically long and narrow indentation of a shoreline such as a small arm, cove, bay, sound, fjord, lagoon or marsh, that leads to an enclosed larger body of water such as a lake, estuary, gulf or marginal sea.
Indre Sogn Sparebank
Indre Sogn Sparebank is a Norwegian savings bank, headquartered in Årdalstangen, Norway. The bank's main market is the area surrounding Sognefjorden.

The bank was established in 1971 with the merger of Årdal Sparebank, Lærdal Sparebank and Borgund Sparebank.  The bank is a member of Eika Gruppen.

Sognefjord
The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ], English: Sogn Fjord), nicknamed the King of the Fjords (Norwegian: Fjordenes konge), is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway. Located in Vestland county in Western Norway, it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to the small village of Skjolden in Luster Municipality.

The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn. The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck",  presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord.
First National Bank Building (Gastonia, North Carolina)
First National Bank Building, also known as the Lawyers Building, is a historic office building located at Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina.  It was designed by Wilson & Sompayrac and built in 1916–1917. It is a seven-story, rectangular, Classical Revival-style steel frame building.  It is sheathed in cream-colored brick with limestone and terra cotta trim.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It is located in the Downtown Gastonia Historic District.

Gaston County, North Carolina
Gaston County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 227,943. The county seat is Gastonia. Dallas served as the original county seat from 1846 until 1911.

Gaston County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,805,115 in 2023. The county is located in the southern Piedmont region.

Of North Carolina's 100 counties, Gaston County ranks 74th in size, consisting of approximately 364 square miles (940 km2), and is tenth in population. The county has fifteen incorporated towns. In addition to fifteen incorporated towns and cities, there are several unincorporated communities such as Hardin, Lucia, Crowders Mountain, Sunnyside, Alexis, Tryon, and North Belmont.
Live 1.0
Live 1.0 is an album recorded in 2005 by the French artist Calogero. It was his first live album and was released on August 22, 2005, and hit success in France and Wallonia, Belgium, topping the albums charts of these countries.

This live album was recorded on March 15 and 16, 2005 at the Forest National, in Brussels. It contains song from his first three albums, but particularly from 3 and Calogero. Three songs recorded as duets are available on this album : with Passi ("Face à la mer"), Raphaël ("Sur la route", song originally performed by Raphaël and Jean-Louis Aubert), and La Grande Sophie ("Du courage"). There is also a cover version of Dutch singer Dave's song, "Du côté de chez Swan".

The concert was also available as a DVD on November 7, 2005, and was certified triple platinum one month after it release, and finally diamond after four months.

The three songs released to promote the album were just promotional singles.

Jean-Louis Aubert
Jean-Louis Aubert (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃lwi obɛːʁ], born 12 April 1955) is a French singer-songwriter, guitarist, composer and producer. He went on a solo career after the split of the rock band Téléphone that he co-founded.
Lakelse Hot Springs
The Lakelse Hot Springs, also known as the Mount Layton Hot Springs, are a group of hot springs in the Kalum-Kitimat valley of northern British Columbia, Canada, located 30 km (19 mi) south of Terrace along Highway 37 on the eastern shore of Lakelse Lake. With a maximum temperature of 89 °C, the springs are the hottest in Canada.

The formation of the Lakese Hot Springs is interpreted to be water seeping through hot rocks in faults of the fault-bounded Kalum-Kitimat valley. These faults may also have been the source for the Tseax Cone eruption 250 years ago.

Terrace, British Columbia
Terrace is a city in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia, Canada. This regional hub lies east of the confluence of the Kitsumkalum River into the Skeena River. On BC Highway 16, junctions branch northward for the Nisga'a Highway (BC Highway 113) to the west and southward for the Stewart–Cassiar Highway (BC Highway 37) to the east. The locality is by road about 204 km (127 mi) southwest of Smithers and 144 km (89 mi) east of Prince Rupert. Transportation links are the Northwest Regional Airport Terrace-Kitimat, a passenger train, and bus services.
Miriam B. Goodman
Miriam B. Goodman is an American neuroscientist and biologist. She is currently the Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor of Cell Biology at Stanford University. At Stanford she is also Chair of Molecular and Cellular Physiology. Goodman's lab is currently working to develop a mechanistic model of sensation in C. elegans.

Goodman holds a Bachelor of Science in biochemistry from Brown University (1986) and a doctorate in Neurobiology from the University of Chicago (1995).

Goodman is a member of the Society for Neuroscience, Biophysical Society, and Genetics Society of America.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
AM-919
AM-919 (part of the AM cannabinoid series) is an analgesic drug which is a cannabinoid receptor agonist. It is a derivative of HU-210 which has been substituted with a 6β-(3-hydroxypropyl) group. This adds a "southern" aliphatic hydroxyl group to the molecule as seen in the CP-series of nonclassical cannabinoid drugs, and so AM-919 represents a hybrid structure between the classical dibenzopyran and nonclassical cannabinoid families.

AM-919 is somewhat less potent than HU-210 itself, but is still a potent agonist at both CB1 and CB2 with moderate selectivity for CB1, with a Ki of 2.2 nM at CB1 and 3.4 nM at CB2.

Xanthene
Xanthene (9H-xanthene, 10H-9-oxaanthracene) is the organic compound with the formula CH2[C6H4]2O. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in common organic solvents. Xanthene itself is an obscure compound, but many of its derivatives are useful dyes.
KHSU
KHSU (90.5 FM) is an NPR-member radio station, licensed to Arcata, California, United States. The station is currently owned by California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt. KHSU also holds licenses for additional stations running Radio Bilingüe and the BBC World Service.

KHSU provides the region encompassing Humboldt and Del Norte counties in California as well as portions of Trinity and Mendocino counties in California and Curry County, Oregon, with news, information and entertainment from public radio producers like National Public Radio (NPR), Public Radio International (PRI) and American Public Media (APM).

Curry County, Oregon
Curry County is the southwesternmost county in the U.S. state of Oregon located on the South Coast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,446. The county seat is Gold Beach. The county is named for George Law Curry, a two-time governor of the Oregon Territory. Curry County includes the Brookings, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Un Chau & So Uk (constituency)
Un Chau & So Uk (Chinese: 元州及蘇屋) was one of the constituencies in the Sham Shui Po District of Hong Kong which was created in 2011 and abolished in 2019.

The constituency was created in 2011 from the two constituencies of Un Chau and So Uk due to the decrease in population of So Uk Estate as it underwent a period of redevelopment. It loosely covers the two public housing estates, Un Chau Estate and So Uk Estate with an estimated population of 18,626.

Sham Shui Po District
Sham Shui Po District is one of 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is the second poorest district by income in Hong Kong, with a predominantly working-class population of 405,869 in 2016 and the lowest median household income of all districts. Sham Shui Po has long been home to poorer new immigrants from China. It also saw the birth of public housing in Hong Kong, as the government sought to resettle those displaced by a devastating fire in its slums. Sham Shui Po also hosted a Vietnamese refugee camp during the influx of migration in the aftermath of the Vietnam War in the 1970s.

The district covers the Shek Kip Mei, Sham Shui Po, Cheung Sha Wan, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon Tsai, So Uk, Un Chau, Tai Wo Ping and Yau Yat Chuen areas of New Kowloon, and Stonecutters Island of Kowloon.
Matakaoa Ward
Matakaoa Ward was the most northern and eastern ward in the Gisborne District, on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. In 2012 it was decided to split the neighbouring Waiapu Ward for the 2013 election, with the northern part being combined with Matakaoa Ward to form Matakaoa-Waiapu Ward.
Matakaoa Ward contained the towns of Tikitiki, Te Araroa, and Hicks Bay. It also contained the East Cape Lighthouse, the most easterly place in mainland New Zealand.

Gisborne District
Gisborne District or the Gisborne Region (Māori: Te Tairāwhiti or Te Tai Rāwhiti) is a local government area of northeastern New Zealand. It is governed by Gisborne District Council, a unitary authority (with the combined powers of a district and regional council). It is named after its largest settlement, the city of Gisborne. The region is also commonly referred to as the East Coast.

The region is commonly divided into the East Cape and Poverty Bay. It is bounded by mountain ranges to the west, rugged country to the south, and faces east onto the Pacific Ocean.
Volcano Ranch experiment
35°9′N 106°47′W﻿ / ﻿35.150°N 106.783°W﻿ / 35.150; -106.783
The Volcano Ranch experiment was an array of particle detectors in Volcano Ranch, New Mexico, used to measure ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The array was built by John Linsley and Livio Scarsi in 1959. On February 22, 1962, Linsley observed an air shower at Volcano Ranch created by a primary particle with an energy greater than 1020 eV, the highest energy cosmic ray particle ever detected at the time.  Linsley continued to operate Volcano Ranch until 1978, when it was closed due to lack of funding.

Particle detector
In experimental and applied particle physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionizing particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, or reactions in a particle accelerator. Detectors can measure the particle energy and other attributes such as momentum, spin, charge, particle type, in addition to merely registering the presence of the particle.
2000 Melanesia Cup
The Melanesia Cup 2000 was the seventh and the last Melanesia-wide tournament ever held. It took place in Fiji and five teams participated: Fiji, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu and served for the third time as an OFC Nations Cup qualifier.

The teams played each other according to a round-robin format with Fiji winning the tournament for the fifth time and qualifying to the Oceania Nations Cup 2000 along with Solomon Islands. However, 3rd place Vanuatu replaced Fiji at the latter Cup due to civil unrest in Fiji following a coup by George Speight, who overthrew Fiji's democratically elected government.

OFC Men's Nations Cup
The OFC Men's Nations Cup, known as the OFC Nations Cup before the 2024 edition, is the primary association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), determining the continental champion of Oceania. The winning team became the champion of Oceania and until 2016 qualified for the FIFA Confederations Cup.

Historically, a very large gulf separated Australia and New Zealand from the smaller island competitors, and little attention was paid to the tournament by the rest of the football world. The 2012 OFC Nations Cup is the only edition to date not won by either New Zealand or Australia, being won by Tahiti instead and is also the only tournament to date where neither Australia (who joined AFC in 2006 and as a result didn’t participate) nor New Zealand (knocked out in the semifinals) reached the final.
Mount Gandalf
Mount Gandalf is a 2,391-metre (7,844-foot) mountain summit in the Cadwallader Range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is at the northeast corner of Birkenhead Lake Provincial Park, 35 km (22 mi) north of Pemberton, 56 km (35 mi) west of Lillooet, 2.9 km (2 mi) north of Tolkien Peak, and immediately south of Mount Aragorn, which is its nearest higher peak. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains into tributaries of the Fraser River.

Birkenhead Lake Provincial Park
Birkenhead Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the Lillooet Country region. The park lies north of the communities of Squamish, Whistler and Pemberton, and immediately northwest of Birkenhead Peak and Gates Lake (a.k.a. Birken Lake) at the community of Birken.

The park has a size of 104.39 km2 (40.31 sq mi), while Birkenhead Lake itself is 4.087 km2 (1.578 sq mi).
Juren
Juren (Chinese: 舉人; lit. 'recommended man') was a rank achieved by people who passed the xiangshi (Chinese: 鄉試) exam in the imperial examination system of imperial China. The xiangshi is also known, in English, as the provincial examination. It was a rank higher than the shengyuan rank, but  lower than the jinshi rank, which was the highest degree.

To achieve the juren rank, candidates, who had to already hold the shengyuan rank, had to pass the provincial qualifying examination, held every three years in the provincial capital. A second, less widespread pathway to gaining the juren rank was through office purchase.

Those with the juren rank gained gentry status and experienced social, political and economic privileges accordingly.

The juren title was also awarded in the military examination system in imperial China.

Four Books and Five Classics
The Four Books and Five Classics are authoritative and important books associated with Confucianism, written before 300 BC.  They are traditionally believed to have been either written, edited or commented by Confucius or one of his disciples. Starting in the Han dynasty, they became the core of the Chinese classics on which students were tested in the Imperial examination system.
Dimitri Tadić
Dimitri Tadić was a Yugoslav football manager who coached the national teams of Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. While coaching the UAE at the 1976 Gulf Cup, Tadić suffered a heart attack and was replaced by local coach Jumaa Ghareeb. The team did not win any of their games in the competition.

4th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 4th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: دورة كأس الخليج العربي الرابعة) was the fourth edition of the Arabian Gulf Cup. The tournament was held in Doha, Qatar and was won by the three-time defending champions Kuwait. The tournament took place between 26 March and 15 April 1976. All matches were played at the Khalifa Sports City Stadium.

Iraq took part in the competition for the first time. Both Iraq and Kuwait finished level on points and goal difference in the round-robin group stage; thus, a play-off final was held to determine the champion. Kuwait defeated Iraq 4–2 in the final to win their fourth title in a row.

The number of teams was increased from six to seven and the format of the competition was changed back to the original format used in 1970 and 1972.
CJCSG
In cryptography, Cascade Jump Controlled Sequence Generator (CJCSG) is a stream cypher algorithm developed by Cees Jansen, Tor Helleseth, and Alexander Kholosha. It has been submitted to the eSTREAM Project of the eCRYPT network. It has been classified as an archival algorithm and will not be further considered.

ECRYPT
ECRYPT (European Network of Excellence in Cryptology) was a 4-year European research initiative launched on 1 February 2004 with the stated objective of promoting the collaboration of European researchers in information security, and especially in cryptology and digital watermarking.

ECRYPT listed five core research areas, termed "virtual laboratories": symmetric key algorithms (STVL), public key algorithms (AZTEC), protocol (PROVILAB), secure and efficient implementations (VAMPIRE) and watermarking (WAVILA).

In August 2008 the network started another 4-year phase as ECRYPT II.