hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Self-Portrait (Reynolds)
Self-portrait is a 1780 oil on panel self portrait by the British artist Sir Joshua Reynolds. Reynolds was a leading portraitist and had been President of the Royal Academy since its foundation in 1768. He produced a number of self-portraits during his long career, possibly inspired by the Old Master Rembrandt whose stance he imitates in the portrait. Reynolds is shown wearing the robes of the Doctorate of Civil Law which had been bestowed on him by Oxford University in 1773. Besides him is a bust of Michelangelo by Daniele da Volterra.

The painting was produced to hang in the Academy's new assembly room at Somerset House. It was hung alongside Reynold's Portrait of Sir William Chambers which functioned as a companion piece Chambers was an influential member of the Academy and drawn up the new design for the new headquarters .

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Hillat Abdul Saleh
Hillat Abdul Saleh (Arabic: حلة عبد الصالح) is a village located in the Kingdom of Bahrain, west of the village of Karbabad, on the outskirts of the capital city Manama. The village lies immediately south of the Bahrain Fort, which is recognised as the country's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Karbabad
Karbabad (Arabic: كرباباد) is a village situated in the northern part of the Kingdom of Bahrain, along the northern coastline bordering the Persian Gulf. The village is famously known for being close to the location of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Qal'at al-Bahrain.

The village was known for its beach, however in recent years, land reclamation has resulted in the sea shore moving up to 2 km from the once sea-front village. Residents of the village have complained about land reclamation "destroying their heritage".
Niederhadamar
Niederhadamar is a German village belonging to the municipality of Hadamar, with 4,000 inhabitants. It is located between several other communities: Elz to the south, Hundsangen to the west, Hadamar to the north, and Offheim to the east. There is also a forest to the west of the city.

Niederhadamar has two kindergartens, one Protestant and one Catholic, and a Catholic church, St. Peter's. It also has a school with an enrollment of approximately 2000 pupils as well as a ground school.

50°26′N 8°02′E﻿ / ﻿50.433°N 8.033°E﻿ / 50.433; 8.033

Hadamar
Hadamar (German pronunciation: [ˈhaːdamaʁ] ⓘ) is a small town in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hesse, Germany.

Hadamar is known for its Clinic for Forensic Psychiatry/Centre for Social Psychiatry, lying at the edge of town, in whose outlying buildings is also found the Hadamar Memorial. This remembers the murders of people with handicaps and mental illnesses under the Nazi regime at the NS-Tötungsanstalt Hadamar.
Richard Clerke (died 1530)
Richard Clerke (by 1476–1530) was an English politician.

Educated in the law at Lincoln's Inn, by 1511 he had been appointed Recorder of Lincoln, a position he held until his death.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lincoln in 1512, 1515 and 1523.

He was married with one daughter.

Recorder of Lincoln
Judge John Pini, QC was appointed honorary Recorder of Lincoln on 1 December 2015. He is a circuit judge, having been appointed Assistant Recorder and as a Recorder both in 2000. Pini was made a Queen's Counsel in 2006.

The previous recorder was Judge Sean Morris who held this position between 2010 and 2014. There have now been 21 recorders in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, the first incumbent being Lord Monson (John Monson, 3rd Baron Monson) in 1768.
Billiards World Cup Association
The Billiards World Cup Association (BWA) was a governing body for three-cushion carom billiards which organized and marketed the Three-Cushion World Cup from 1985 to 1999. It was subordinate to the Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB).

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Caspar Kittel
Caspar Kittel (1603 in Lauenstein–October 9, 1639 in Dresden) was a German Baroque theorbist and composer at the Dresden Hofkapelle. He was a pupil, then colleague of Heinrich Schütz, and preceded Schütz on the Kapellmeister's second sojourn in Italy from 1624. His brother was Christoph Kittel. His music was heavily influenced by the poetry of Martin Opitz.

Theorbo
The theorbo is a plucked string instrument of the lute family, with an extended neck that houses the second pegbox. Like a lute, a theorbo has a curved-back sound box with a flat top, typically with one or three sound holes decorated with rosettes. As with the lute, the player plucks or strums the strings with the right hand while "fretting" (pressing down) the strings with the left hand.

The theorbo is related to the liuto attiorbato, the French théorbe des pièces, the archlute, the German baroque lute, and the angélique (or angelica). A theorbo differs from a regular lute in its re-entrant tuning in which the first two strings are tuned an octave lower. The theorbo was used during the Baroque music era (1600–1750) to play basso continuo accompaniment parts (as part of the basso continuo group, which often included harpsichord, pipe organ and bass instruments), and also as a solo instrument. It has a range similar to that of cello.
Shams al-Din Altınapa
Shams al-Din Altınapa or Atabey Altun Aba (Turkish: Şemseddin Altun Aba, fl. 1192–1237) was a Seljuk vizier. He at first was a military commander under Kilij Arslan II and Süleyman Shah II. After Süleyman II died, he served his son, Giyaseddin Keyhüsrev I, and then later his son, Alaeddin Keykubad I. Kaykubad I later made him the atabey of his son, Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev II, who was the last sultan he served before getting killed.

Vizier
A Vizier (/ˈvɪziər/; Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr; Persian: وزیر, romanized: vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the countries of "greater Persia". The Abbasid caliphs gave the title wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary), who was at first merely a helper but afterwards became the representative and successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian kings.

In modern usage, the term has been used for government ministers in much of the Middle East and beyond. Several alternative spellings are used in English, such as vizir, wazir, and vezir.

A collection of Vizier may introduce a Grand Vizier, within their civilization.
Anna Willcox-Silfverberg
Anna Willcox-Silfverberg (born 9 April 1992) is a New Zealand and Swedish freestyle skier and reporter for TV Show The Crowd Goes Wild.

Born in Takapuna, North Shore City, New Zealand, she competed for New Zealand at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. She finished 15th in qualification of the women's slopestyle event, missing the final by only two places.

Her father, Hamish Willcox, was a professional sailor who competed in the America's Cup and her brother, Daniel Willcox, represented New Zealand at the 2016 Summer Olympics in sailing.

Freestyle skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's slopestyle
The women's slopestyle event in freestyle skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia took place 11 February 2014. In July 2011 slopestyle was added to the Olympic program, meaning the event made its debut in the 2014 Olympics.
1954 FAMAS Awards
The 2nd Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held in 1954 in Life Theater, Quezon Boulevard, Quiapo, Manila. Huk Sa Bagong Pamumuhay, produced by Narcisa de Leon and distributed by LVN Pictures, is the recipient of FAMAS Award for Best Picture.

LVN Pictures
LVN Pictures, Inc. was a Filipino film studio that was considered one of the biggest in the history of Philippine cinema and its foremost establishment in motion picture post-production until 2005. In its heyday of motion picture production, LVN Pictures has been compared to that of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios (MGM) of Hollywood because it had, under contract, the biggest stars and film craftsmen of the period. Before its closure in 2005, LVN Pictures was known as one of the oldest living film studios in the country.
Pavel Yaguzhinsky
The Count (from 1731) Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky (Yagushinsky) (1683, in Grand Duchy of Lithuania – 17 April 1736, in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian statesman and diplomat, associate of Peter the Great, Chamberlain (1712), Ober-Stallmeister (1727), General-in-chief (1727), the first Attorney General in Russian history (1722–1726, 1730–1735). He was famous for his honesty and integrity, which Peter the Great appreciated in him in the first place.

Alexander Danilovich Menshikov
Prince Alexander Danilovich Menshikov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Дани́лович Ме́ншиков; 16 November [O.S. 6 November] 1673 – 23 November [O.S. 12 November] 1729) was a Russian soldier and statesman. His official titles included Generalissimo, Prince of the Russian Empire and Duke of Izhora (Duke of Ingria), Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Duke of Cosel. Rising from humble origins, he became a highly appreciated associate and friend of Tsar Peter the Great, leading to his rise as a prominent political and military figure in early 18th century Russia. He was the de facto ruler of Russia from 1725 to 1727.
Stubbs Road
Stubbs Road (Chinese: 司徒拔道) is a road located in Mid-Levels East, Central, Hong Kong, which connects Happy Valley to The Peak area on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, through an area near the Wong Nai Chung Gap. It runs uphill from Queen's Road East and goes through a residential area of luxurious high-rise tower blocks. The road is named after the 16th Governor of Hong Kong, Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
Justus Stöcklin
Justus Stöcklin (or Justin Stöcklin) (4 May 1860, Ettingen – 12 July 1943, Basel) was a Swiss teacher and writer. His books for primary school mathematics were widely used in Switzerland. He taught in Liestal.

In 2011, a biography was published.

Liestal
Liestal (Alemannic German: [ˈliə̯ʃd̥l̩], Standard German: [ˈliːstal] ⓘ), formerly spelled Liesthal, is the capital of Liestal District and the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland, 17 km (11 mi) south of Basel.

Liestal is an industrial town with a cobbled-street Old Town.

The official language of Liestal is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Bending the Landscape
Bending the Landscape is the title of a series of LGBT-themed anthologies of short speculative fiction edited by Nicola Griffith and Stephen Pagel.  Three books were produced between 1997 and 2002, subtitled Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror. Each volume won LGBT or genre awards.

Leslie What
Leslie What (born Leslie Joyce Nelson, 1955) is a Nebula Award-winning writer of speculative, literary fiction and nonfiction with three books and nearly 100 short stories and essays to her credit. An attendee of Clarion Workshop, she lives in Oregon. She won the Nebula in 1999 for the short story, The Cost of Doing Business, and in 2005, she was a finalist for the Nebula, along with Eileen Gunn, for their co-written novelette, Nirvana High.
Fesler
Fesler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James W. Fesler (1911–2005), American political scientist

Peter Fesler, American Air Force general

Wes Fesler (1908–1989), American football, basketball, and baseball player and coach of football and basketball

Peter Fesler
Peter M. Fesler is a retired United States Air Force major general who served as the deputy director of operations of the North American Aerospace Defense Command from July 2018 to August 2021.

Fesler retired effective 1 November 2021.
Étienne Duchesnois
Étienne Duchesnois (July 9, 1765 – December 16, 1826) was a merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Surrey in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1814 to 1824.

He was born in Berthier, the son of Étienne Duchesnois and Catherine-Françoise Leroux. Duchesnois established himself in business at Varennes. He was also a justice of the peace and a major in the militia. In 1797, he married Josette Massue, the daughter of the seigneur of Varennes, Gaspard Massue, and the sister of Aignan-Aimé Massue and Louis Massue. Duchesnois did not run for reelection in 1824. He died two years later in Varennes at the age of 61.

Varennes, Quebec
Varennes (French pronunciation: [vaʁɛn] ⓘ) is an off-island suburb of Montréal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the Saint Lawrence River in the Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality. The city is approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Downtown Montreal. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 20,994. In 2015, the population is listed at 24,000.
Sibuti
Sibuti is a federal constituency in Miri Division (Miri District and Subis District), Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2008.

The federal constituency was created in the 2005 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Miri District
Miri District is an administrative district in Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia covering a total area of 4707 km2. The Miri District can be divided into Miri City (997.43 km2), Sibuti sub-district (842.47 km2), and Niah sub-district (2887.21 km2). They are governed by Miri District Office located in Miri City, Sibuti sub-district office, and Niah sub-district office. The Miri City is administered by Miri City Council (MCC). Meanwhile, Niah and Sibuti sub-district falls under the jurisdiction of Subis District Council headquartered at Bekenu.
Thomas Parker (Maine judge)
Thomas Parker (1783–1860) was a judge, writer, and philanthropist from Maine, who is the namesake of Parker Hall at Bates College.

Parker was born in 1783 in Edgartown, Massachusetts but moved to Farmington, Maine as a child with his father, Elvation Parker, and eventually worked for a period as a stonemason. In 1807 he married Judith Thomas. Parker served as a County Commissioner for several years and in 1838 Governor Edward Kent appointed Parker to be a probate judge from Franklin County where he served until 1845.

Parker later carried on extensive business in the probate courts. In 1846 Parker published a book on the History of Farmington Maine.

In 1856 he donated $5,000 to Bates College then called the Maine State Seminary, and Parker Hall at Bates is named in his honor.

He died in 1860.

Edgartown, Massachusetts
Edgartown is a town on Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts, for which it is the county seat. The town's population was 5,168 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name.

It was once a major whaling port, with historic houses that have been carefully preserved. Today it hosts yachting events around its large harbor. Edgartown also includes Chappaquiddick Island, a peninsula accessible by ferry.
Dragonflame
Dragonflame is a fantasy novel written by Graham Edwards. The novel was first published in 1997, by Voyager Books (UK) and HarperPrism (US). It is the final book in the Ultimate Dragon Saga trilogy. The book contains loose connections, and foreshadowing to Edwards' later series, the Stone and Sky trilogy.

In 1997, the British Fantasy Society nominated Dragonflame for "best novel of the year".

British Fantasy Society
The British Fantasy Society (BFS) was founded in 1971 as the British Weird Fantasy Society, an offshoot of the British Science Fiction Association. The society is dedicated to promoting the best in the fantasy, science fiction and horror genres.

In 2000, the BFS won the Special Award: Non-Professional at the World Fantasy Awards.  The society also has its own awards, the annual British Fantasy Awards, created in 1971 at the suggestion of its then-president, Ramsey Campbell.

It held its first Fantasycon, a long-standing speculative fiction convention, in 1975. The 2025 Fantasycon merged with World Fantasy Convention in Brighton.

The British Fantasy Society has no direct connection with the earlier science fiction group using the same name from 1942 to 1946.
Casablanca–Agadir expressway
The Autoroute Casablanca–Agadir is a new main road in Morocco. Building began in 2000 and the road was inaugurated on 21 June 2010 by Prince Moulay Rachid.

The road is 429 km (267 mi) long and connects the cities of Casablanca and Agadir through the city of Marrakesh and High Atlas mountains.

Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco
Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco (born 20 June 1970) is a member of the Alawi dynasty. He is the younger brother of King Mohammed VI and the youngest child of the late King Hassan II and his wife, Lalla Latifa. He is currently second in the line of succession to the Moroccan throne, after his nephew Crown Prince Moulay Hassan.

The city of Errachidia was renamed from "Ksar es-Souk" in his honor.
Horno Creek
Horno Creek is a creek that empties into the Pacific Ocean through Horno Canyon on the coast of northern San Diego County, USA, on the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. It lies south of Foley Creek and north of Las Flores Creek.

Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton
Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is the major West Coast base of the United States Marine Corps and is one of the largest Marine Corps bases in the United States. It is on the Southern California coast in San Diego County and is bordered by Oceanside to the south, San Clemente in Orange County to the north, La Cresta and Murrieta in Riverside County to the northeast, and Fallbrook to the east.

The base was established in 1942 to train U.S. Marines for service in World War II. By October 1944, Camp Pendleton was declared a "permanent installation," and by 1946 it became the home of the 1st Marine Division. It was named after Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton (1860–1942), who had long advocated setting up a training base for the Marine Corps on the West Coast. Today it is home to many Operating Force units, including the I Marine Expeditionary Force and various training commands.
HaGoshrim
HaGoshrim (Hebrew: הַגּוֹשְׁרִים, lit. 'The Bridge Builders') is a kibbutz in the Galilee Panhandle in northern Israel, 5 km (3 miles) east of Kiryat Shmona. The kibbutz is adjacent to the Hurshat Tal National Park and bisected by tributaries of the Jordan River, the Snir (Hatsbani), Koren, itself a tributary of the Dan and Tal. In 2022 it had a population of 1,081.

Dan River (Middle East)
The Dan (Hebrew: דן, romanized: Dan; Arabic: اللدان, romanized: Leddan) is a tributary of the Jordan River.  The sources of the Dan are multiple springs emerging from Tel Dan along underground fault lines. The Dan River joins the Hasbani River at a point in northern Israel to form the River Jordan.

The river is so named after the Israelite city of Dan, which was captured by the Tribe of Dan during the Judges period.  The tribe of Dan conquered the city, named Laish at the time, which was then occupied by Canaanites.

Although the Dan River itself is only about 20 km (12 miles) long, its flow provides up to 238 million cubic meters of water annually to the Hulah Valley. In 1966, this was a cause of dispute between Israeli water planners and conservationists, with the latter prevailing after three years of court appeals and adjudication. The result was a conservation project of about 120 acres (0.49 km2) at the source of the river called the Tel Dan Nature Reserve.
Warfare in Sumer
Warfare in Sumer predominantly consisted of small-scale conflicts between nearby city-states. Sumerian armies consisted of bronze-armoured soldiers armed with various weapons, including spears, swords and sickle-swords, engaging each other in phalanx-like formations. When besieging cities, battering rams and sappers would be used to breach the defences; on the open battlefield, chariots were also used. Most wars were fought because of inter-city rivalries, or for wealth, resources, and prestige. Military victories were later glorified in Mesopotamian art — a major source of historical information.

Khopesh
The khopesh (ḫpš; also vocalized khepesh) is an Egyptian sickle-shaped sword that developed from battle axes. The sword style originated in Western Asia during the Bronze Age and was introduced in the Second Intermediate Period. The khopesh became more common in the New Kingdom, and is often depicted with kings in statues and murals.
Limeade
Limeade, also called lime soda, is a lime-flavored, sometimes carbonated, drink. It is usually sweetened with sugar or sweeteners. A common method of preparation is to juice limes and combine the juice with simple syrup or honey syrup, along with some water and perhaps more sugar or honey. Vodka or white tequila can be added to make a limeade cocktail. The exact ingredients, preparation and names of the drink can vary by country.

Drink
A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, juice, smoothies and soft drinks. Traditionally warm beverages encompass coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. Caffeinated drinks that contain the stimulant caffeine, have been consumed for centuries.

In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the psychoactive substance ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks typically refer to beverages that are traditionally alcoholic—such as beer, wine, or cocktails—but are produced with a very low alcohol by volume content. This category includes beverages that have undergone processes to remove or significantly reduce alcohol, such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.