hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gunness
Gunness (or Gunhouse) is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 3 miles (5 km) west from Scunthorpe, and on the east bank of the River Trent. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 2,462.

On the Doncaster Road is the Grade II listed Rectory and Stable Block, built by James Fowler of Louth in 1864–66.

Scunthorpe
Scunthorpe (/ˈskʌnθɔːrp/) is an industrial town in Lincolnshire, England, and the county's third most populous settlement after Lincoln and Grimsby, with a population of 81,286 in 2021. It is the administrative centre and largest settlement of the North Lincolnshire district. Scunthorpe lies north of Lincoln and is between Grimsby to the east and Doncaster to the west, while Hull is to the north-east via the Humber Bridge.
Eugene Woods
Eugene Woods was an Archdeacon in Ireland in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Woods was from Anglesea. He graduated B.A from Jesus College, Oxford on 29 June 1580; and M.A. on 6 July 1584. He held incumbencies at Llanbeulan, Ewelme and Great Cheverell. He was Archdeacon of Meath from 1595 to 1606 and Chaplain to the King from 1606 until his death in 1609.

Ewelme
Ewelme (/ˈjuːɛlm/) is a village and civil parish in the Chiltern Hills in South Oxfordshire, 2.5 miles (4 km) northeast of the market town of Wallingford. The 2011 census recorded the parish's population as 1,048. To the east of the village is Cow Common and to the west, Benson Airfield, the northeastern corner of which is within the parish boundary. The local geology is chalk overlying gault clay; the drift geology includes some gravel.
Another Life (Motionless in White song)
"Another Life" is a song by American metalcore band Motionless in White. Written by vocalist Chris "Motionless" Cerulli, Drew Fulk, and Josh Strock, it was produced by Drew Fulk and Cerulli himself and featured on the band's 2019 fifth studio album Disguise. The song was also released as the fourth single from the album on January 21, 2020.

Disguise (album)
Disguise is the fifth studio album by American metalcore band Motionless in White. It was released on June 7, 2019, through Roadrunner Records and was produced by Drew Fulk and Chris "Motionless" Cerulli. It is the second release on a major label since the band's departure from Fearless Records. The album's tracklist was revealed on April 17 together with the release of the two singles, "Disguise", which had been premiered at Earthday Birthday in Orlando a few days prior, and "Brand New Numb". It is the band's first album with Vinny Mauro on drums and former Ice Nine Kills bassist Justin Morrow (although credited, neither of them perform on the album), who replaced Devin "Ghost" Sola on bass guitar, as well as the first album not to feature Josh Balz on keyboards.
Zuevo
Zuevo was a historic village in Bogorodsky Uyezd, Moscow Governorate, Imperial Russia. It was the administrative centre of Zuevskaya volost. Since 1917 it has been part of the city of Orekhovo-Zuyevo. It was the birthplace of Savva Vasilyevich Morozov and Semyon Grigorievich Zimin, both peasants who became industrialists ensuring Zuevo play an important role in the industrialisation of Imperial Russia.

Moscow Governorate
The Moscow Governorate was a province (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Governorate to the south, Kaluga Governorate to the southwest, and Smolensk Governorate to the west. Moscow Governorate consisted of an area of 33,272.84 square kilometres (12,846.72 sq mi) and a population of 2,430,581 in 1897. Its capital was in Moscow.
Nobleton, Ontario
Nobleton (2021 population 6,507) is an unincorporated community in southwestern King, Ontario, Canada. It is the third-largest community in the township, after King City and Schomberg. Located south of the Oak Ridges Moraine, Nobleton is surrounded by hills and forests. Many horse farms are found on Nobleton's eastern periphery.

It is located between King City and Bolton along King Road, and directly north of Kleinburg along Highway 27. To the northwest is Hammertown.

Kleinburg
Kleinburg is an unincorporated village in the city of Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. It is home to the McMichael Canadian Art Collection, an art gallery with a focus on the Group of Seven, and the Kortright Centre for Conservation. In 2001, the village and its surrounding communities had a population of 4,595; the village itself has 282 dwellings, with a population of 952. Kleinburg comprises a narrow section of hilly landscape situated between two branches of the Humber River. The historic village is bounded by Highway 27 on the west and Stegman’s Mill Road to the east. Kleinburg has subsumed the nearby hamlet of Nashville, but it has not itself been fully subsumed into the main urban area of Vaughan.
Sipsi
The sipsi (pronounced [sipˈsi]) is a clarinet-like, single-reed instrument used mainly in folk music and native to the Aegean region of Turkey. The word sipsi is possibly onomatopoeic. The sipsi can be made of bone, wood, or reed, though the reed variant is most common.  Its size varies from region to region, but it generally contains five finger holes in the front, and one finger hole in the back.

The sipsi is one of many reed instruments in Turkey used to play lead melodies in instrumental folk music. It is generally played in the Western part  in the Aegean Region of Turkey. Most folk tunes played in this area with the sipsi are in 98 time.

Aegean region
The Aegean region (Turkish: Ege Bölgesi) is one of the 7 geographical regions of Turkey. The largest city in the region is İzmir. Other big cities are Manisa, Aydın, Denizli, Muğla, Afyonkarahisar and Kütahya.

Located in western Turkey, it is bordered by the Aegean Sea to the west, the Marmara region to the north, the Central Anatolia Region to the east, and the Mediterranean Region to the south.

Among the four coastal regions, the Aegean Region has the longest coastline.
Jeffrey Holland (actor)
Jeffrey Holland (born Jeffrey Michael Parkes, 17 July 1946) is a British actor from Walsall, England, who is well known for roles in television sitcoms, playing comic Spike Dixon at the 'Maplin's holiday camp' in Hi-de-Hi!, as well as BBC Radio comedy, including Week Ending. He also played leading roles in the sitcoms You Rang, M'Lord? and Oh, Doctor Beeching!. Holland was a major part of the David Croft repertoire.

Crossroads (British TV series)
Crossroads (later known as Crossroads Motel and Crossroads King's Oak) is  a British television soap opera that ran on ITV over two periods – the original 1964 to 1988 run, followed by a short revival from 2001 to 2003. Set in a fictional motel (hotel in the revival) in the Midlands, Crossroads became a byword for low production values, particularly in the 1970s and early 1980s. Despite this, the series regularly attracted huge audiences during this time, with viewership numbers reaching as high as 15 million viewers.

It was created by Hazel Adair and Peter Ling, and produced by ATV (until the end of 1981) and then by ATV's successor, Central Independent Television until 1988 when it was axed. The series was revived by Carlton Television in 2001, but due to low ratings it was cancelled again in 2003.
Elizabeth Cuthill
Elizabeth Hahnemann Cuthill (October 16, 1923 – January 11, 2011) was an American applied mathematician and numerical analyst known for her work on sparse matrix algorithms, on block iterative methods for the numerical approximation of differential equations, and on the development of computer simulations of nuclear reactors. She was a researcher for the United States Navy at the David Taylor Model Basin. The Cuthill–McKee algorithm and reverse Cuthill–McKee algorithm are heuristics for permuting matrices into forms with small bandwidth and for associated problems in graph bandwidth, named for the work of Cuthill with James McKee.[C]

Band matrix
In mathematics, particularly matrix theory, a band matrix or banded matrix is a sparse matrix whose non-zero entries are confined to a diagonal band, comprising the main diagonal and zero or more diagonals on either side.
In vitro spermatogenesis
In vitro spermatogenesis is the process of creating male gametes (spermatozoa) outside of the body in a culture system. The process could be useful for fertility preservation, infertility treatment and may further develop the understanding of spermatogenesis at the cellular and molecular level.

Spermatogenesis is a highly complex process and artificially rebuilding it in vitro is challenging. These include creating a similar microenvironment to that of the testis as well as supporting endocrine and paracrine signalling, and ensuring survival of the somatic and germ cells from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) to mature spermatozoa.

Different methods of culturing can be used in the process such as isolated cell cultures, fragment cultures and 3D cultures.

3D cell culture
A 3D cell culture is an artificially created environment in which biological cells are permitted to grow or interact with their surroundings in all three dimensions. Unlike 2D environments (e.g. a Petri dish), a 3D cell culture allows cells in vitro to grow in all directions, similar to how they would in vivo. These three-dimensional cultures are usually grown in bioreactors, small capsules in which the cells can grow into spheroids, or 3D cell colonies. Approximately 300 spheroids are usually cultured per bioreactor.
Afonso Mendes
Father Afonso Mendes (18 June 1579 – 21 June 1659) was a Portuguese Jesuit theologian, and Patriarch of Ethiopia from 1622 to 1634. While E. A. Wallis Budge has expressed the commonly accepted opinion of this man, as being "rigid, uncompromising, narrow-minded, and intolerant", there are some who disagree with it. The writings of Mendes include Expeditionis Aethiopicae, which describes the customs and conditions of Ethiopia.

Massawa
Massawa or Mitsiwa (/məˈsɑːwə/ mə-SAH-wə) is a port city in the Northern Red Sea region of Eritrea, located on the Red Sea at the northern end of the Gulf of Zula beside the Dahlak Archipelago. It has been a historically important port for many centuries. Massawa has been ruled or occupied by a succession of polities during its history, including the Dahlak Sultanate, the Ottoman Empire, the Khedivate of Egypt and the Kingdom of Italy.

Massawa was the capital of the Italian Colony of Eritrea until the seat of the colonial government was moved to Asmara in 1897.

Massawa has an average temperature of nearly 30 °C (86.0 °F), which is one of the highest experienced in the world, and is "one of the hottest marine coastal areas in the world."
Vilarinho (Santo Tirso)
Vilarinho is a parish in the municipality of Santo Tirso in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,788, in an area of 5.27 km2. It is an important industry center located 15 km north east of the city of Santo Tirso near other important textile centers like Vizela and Guimarães.

Vizela
Vizela (Portuguese pronunciation: [viˈzɛlɐ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Braga District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 23,736, in an area of 24.70 km².

The present mayor is Vitor Hugo Salgado, elected as an independent. The municipal holiday is March 19.
Patharkandi railway station
Patharkandi railway station is located in the eastern part of Patharkandi, in Assam, India. The station has one platform. It is part of the Lumding–Sabroom section of the Northeast Frontier Railway Zone of Indian Railways.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Fuelling Poverty
Fuelling Poverty is a 2012 Nigerian documentary film directed by Ishaya Bako that narrates the activities of the Occupy Nigeria movement when it was at its climax in early 2012. The 28-minute film features special appearances by Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka, Femi Falana, Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai, Seun Kuti and Desmond Elliot. It won the Best Documentary award at the 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

Femi Falana
Femi Falana,listenⓘ SAN (born 20 May 1958), is a Nigerian lawyer and human right activist. He is the father of a Nigerian rapper Folarin Falana popularly known as Falz.

Falana is a well-known activist for human rights, always trying to show empathy to people who are oppressed. He is well known for opposing oppression, from successive military authorities.
BTV Chittagong
Bangladesh Television Chattogram or Bangladesh Television Chittagong, branded on-air as BTV Chittagong or BTV Chattogram, sometimes known as CTV, is a BTV-affiliated television station broadcast from Chittagong, serving southeastern Bangladesh. It is the network's first and currently the only regional television station. It was launched in 1996 and initially broadcast for one and a half hours, but the broadcast schedule significantly increased over time. It broadcasts on a full-day basis daily on both terrestrial and satellite television.

BTV Chittagong started broadcasting on satellite television in 2016. It is also a nationwide terrestrial television station along with BTV Dhaka and Sangsad Television, as it reaches 75% of the area of Bangladesh terrestrially. It is one of the five BTV-affiliated television stations serving the Chittagong Division, with the others being broadcast from Comilla, Noakhali, Rangamati, and Ukhia, all of which are relay television stations.

Chittagong Division
Chittagong Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), officially Chattogram Division, is geographically the largest of the eight administrative Divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the southeasternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population according to the 2022 census of 33,202,326, which made it the second most populous division of Bangladesh and the 45th most populous subnational entity in the world — more populous than all but 43 other countries.
Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world; as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.
Joynt
Joynt is an Irish surname of Huguenot origin meaning graceful or slim.

Carol Joynt, American author and television interviewer

Chris Joynt (born 1971), English rugby league footballer

Hartley Joynt (1938–2021), Australian cricketer

Henry Joynt (born 1931), English first-class cricketer

John W. Joynt (1899–1975), American politician

Maud Joynt (1868–1940), Irish Celtic scholar and linguist

Rachel Joynt (born 1966), Irish sculptor

Robert Joynt (1856–1938), Anglican priest and author

Robert L. Joynt (1845–1931), Canadian merchant and political figure

Thomas Joynt (1830–1907), New Zealand law barrister

William Joynt (1889–1986), Australian war-decorated soldier, farmer, printer, publisher and author

Hartley Joynt
Hartley Kelly Joynt (14 June 1938 – 12 May 2021) was an Australian cricketer. He played seventeen first-class matches for Western Australia between 1960/61 and 1964/65, scoring 48 on debut in Western Australia's victory over the touring West Indians. His highest score was 81 for a Western Australia Combined XI against the South Africans in 1963/64.

Joynt later became a journalist with The West Australian.
Reuben F. Maury
Reuben Fry Maury (1824 – 1906) was a colonel of the 1st Oregon Cavalry during the American Civil War, and the last commander of the District of Oregon in 1865.

Maury was a graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he and George E. Pickett were classmates.  He was a veteran of the Mexican War, and became an Oregon pioneer in 1852.  He was a major of the 1st Oregon Cavalry, eventually reaching the rank of colonel. He conducted operations in Oregon and the Idaho Territory and fought in the first part of the Snake War.  He was commander of the District of Oregon from March 23, 1865, to June 27, 1865.
He was a resident of Jackson County, Oregon, for many years, and died near Jacksonville, Oregon on February 20, 1906.

The Maury Mountains, in Crook County, Oregon, are named for him.

Maury Mountains
The Maury Mountains are a mountain range in Crook County, Oregon.  Much of the range is within the Ochoco National Forest.  Outstanding features of the range are the Maury Mountains Agate Beds and Antelope Flat Reservoir.
Bama, Burkina Faso
Bama is a village in the Solenzo Department of Banwa Province in western Burkina Faso.

This village should not be confused with the much larger town of Bama, the capital of Bama Department in Houet Province, Hauts-Bassins Region.

Hauts-Bassins Region
Hauts-Bassins ([o.ba.sɛ̃], "Upper Basins")  is one of Burkina Faso's thirteen administrative regions. It was created on 2 July 2001. The region's capital is Bobo Dioulasso. Three provinces make up the region—Houet, Kénédougou, and Tuy.

As of 2019, the population of the region was 2,238,375 with 51.1% females. The population in the region was 10.92% of the total population of the country. The child mortality rate was 80, infant mortality rate was 67 and the mortality of children under five was 141. The coverage of cereal need compared to the total production of the region was 160%. As of 2007, the literacy rate in the region was 33.4%, compared to a national average of 28.3%.
Cory Lerios
Cory Charles Lerios (born February 12, 1951) is an American pianist and vocalist. He is a founding member of the platinum-record-selling soft rock band Pablo Cruise, and since the mid-1980s he has scored music for film and television.

Max Headroom (TV series)
Max Headroom is an American satirical cyberpunk science fiction television series by Chrysalis Visual Programming and Lakeside Productions for Lorimar-Telepictures that aired in the United States on ABC from March 31, 1987, to May 5, 1988. The series is set in a futuristic dystopia ruled by an oligarchy of television networks, and features the character and media personality Max Headroom. The story is based on the Channel 4 British TV film produced by Chrysalis, Max Headroom: 20 Minutes into the Future.
Heterochyta aprepta
Heterochyta aprepta is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1947. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Western Australia. it is characterized as having brown forewings and grey hindwings. these wings are typically 29-30mm long.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.
Icacos Cay
Icacos Cay (Spanish: Cayo Icacos) is the largest uninhabited cay forming part of a small chain of cays, reefs, and skerries located off the coast of the barrio of Cabezas in the municipality of Fajardo in the northeast of the main island of Puerto Rico. Along with Palominos island, it is part of the La Cordillera Reef Nature Reserve, which is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Icacos is a fifteen-minute water taxi ride from Fajardo. The cay is a popular snorkeling and beach tourism destination.

For some time, there was a limestone quarry on the southern part of the island, with a short railroad system to shuttle limestone from the quarry to the pier.

Skerry
A skerry (/ˈskɛri/ SKERR-ee) is a small rocky island, or islet, usually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef. A skerry can also be called a low sea stack.

Skerries may have vegetative life such as moss and small, hardy grasses. They are often used as resting places by animals such as seals and birds.
Pudunagaram railway station
Pudunagaram (station code: PDGM) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station on the Palakkad–Pollachi line which is a branch line between Palakkad and Pollachi in the state of Kerala, India.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Sarah Seymour, Duchess of Somerset
Sarah Seymour, Duchess of Somerset born Sarah Alston (1631 – 2 November 1692) was an English heiress and benefactor. She married three times including to the Duke of Somerset. She died childless leaving sundry generous legacies. She established Tottenham Grammar School and created the almshouses in Froxfield. She has a memorial in Westminster Abbey.

Heir presumptive
An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir apparent, whose claim on the position cannot be displaced in this manner.
M1841 6-pounder field gun
The M1841 6-pounder field gun was a bronze smoothbore muzzleloading cannon that was adopted by the United States Army in 1841 and used from the Mexican–American War to the American Civil War. It fired a 6.1 lb (2.8 kg) round shot up to a distance of 1,523 yd (1,393 m) at 5° elevation. It could also fire canister shot and spherical case shot (shrapnel). The cannon proved very effective when employed by light artillery units during the Mexican–American War. The cannon was used during the early years of the American Civil War, but it was soon outclassed by newer field guns such as the M1857 12-pounder Napoleon. In the U.S. Army, the 6-pounders were replaced as soon as more modern weapons became available and none were manufactured after 1862. However, the Confederate States Army continued to use the cannon for a longer period because the lesser industrial capacity of the South could not produce new guns as fast as the North.

Shrapnel shell
Shrapnel shells were anti-personnel artillery munitions that carried many individual bullets close to a target area and then ejected them to allow them to continue along the shell's trajectory and strike targets individually. They relied almost entirely on the shell's velocity for their lethality.

The munition has been obsolete since the end of World War I for anti-personnel use; high-explosive shells superseded it for that role. The functioning and principles behind shrapnel shells are fundamentally different from high-explosive shell fragmentation.

Shrapnel is named after Lieutenant-General Henry Shrapnel, a Royal Artillery officer, whose experiments, initially conducted on his own time and at his own expense, culminated in the design and development of a new type of artillery shell.

Usage of the term "shrapnel" has changed over time to also refer to fragmentation of the casing of shells and bombs, which is its most common modern usage and strays from the original meaning.