hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benjamin Franklin silver dollar
Two commemorative Benjamin Franklin silver dollar coins were issued by the United States Mint in 2006 in honor of the tercentenary of the birth of Benjamin Franklin.

One coin, issued in honor of his legacy as a Scientist, depicts a youthful Franklin with a kite and key on the obverse and his famous 1754 cartoon Join, or Die on the reverse. The obverse was designed by Norman E. Nemeth and the reverse was designed by Charles Vickers.

The other coin commemorates his contributions as a Founding Father. The obverse was designed by Don Everhart and depicts a portrait of a mature Franklin and includes his signature. The reverse was designed by Donna Weaver and depicts the 1776 Continental Currency dollar coin, which was originally designed by Franklin.

The coins are 90% silver and weigh 26.73 g with a diameter of 38.1 mm (thus containing 0.7735 Troy ounces of pure silver). Proof and uncirculated versions were produced at the Philadelphia Mint.

Philadelphia Mint
The Philadelphia Mint is a branch of the United States Mint in Philadelphia. It was built in 1792 following the Coinage Act of 1792, in order to establish a national identity and the needs of commerce in the United States, and is the first and oldest national mint.
John Strickland
John Strickland is a British film and television director.

Some of his credits include The Murder of Princess Diana, Maigret, The Bill, Clocking Off, Trust, P.O.W., Bodies, Hustle, Apparitions, Bedlam, Line of Duty, The Rig and the American series Big Love. His only full length feature film and cinema release to date is G:MT – Greenwich Mean Time, released on 1st October in 1999.

P.O.W. (TV series)
P.O.W. is a television series consisting of 6 episodes, broadcast on ITV in 2003. The series starred James D'Arcy and Joe Absolom. The drama series is based on true stories, set in Germany in the year 1940 and follows the character of Jim Caddon as he is captured after his plane crashes during a bombing raid over Normandy. In contrast to previous entries in the World War Two prison escape genre such as The Colditz Story, it concentrated on escape attempts by other ranks rather than officers. The title "P.O.W." stands for "prisoner of war".

A second series was not commissioned, though ITV followed it with several other World War Two dramas including Colditz and Island at War.
Segura Viudas
Heredad  Segura Viudas is  a Spanish winery in Torrelavit in the   Penedès wine region of Barcelona specializing in Cava. Its origins have been traced back to the 11th century.

In 2018 Segura Viudas received the organic farming certification from the Catalan Council of Organic Agricultural Production.

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Breynia disticha
Breynia disticha, commonly known as the snowbush, is a plant in the family Phyllanthaceae, first described in 1776. It is native to New Caledonia and Vanuatu in the western Pacific, but naturalized on a wide assortment of other islands around the world (West Indies, São Tomé, Seychelles, Chagos Islands, Bonin Islands, Norfolk Island, Fiji, Line Islands, Society Islands, Hawaii, etc.), as well as in the U.S. state of Florida.

Breynia disticha presumably is pollinated by leafflower moths (Epicephala spp.) in its native range, like other species of plants in the genus Breynia. Leafflower moths have been reared from fruit of this species in New Caledonia.
The fruit of Breynia are presumed to be toxic, causing liver injury.

Epicephala
Epicephala (leafflower moths) is a genus of moths in the family Gracillariidae.

Epicephala is of note in the fields of pollination biology and coevolution because many species in this genus are pollinators of plants in the genera Glochidion, Phyllanthus, and Breynia (Phyllanthaceae). These pollinating Epicephala actively pollinate the flowers of their host plants—thereby ensuring that the plants may produce viable seeds—but also lay eggs in the flowers' ovaries, where their larvae consume a subset of the developing seeds as nourishment. This relationship is similar to other specialized pollinating seed-predation mutualisms such as those between figs and fig wasps and yuccas and yucca moths.

Other species of Epicephala consume the seeds of species of Phyllanthus or Flueggea (Phyllanthaceae) as larvae, but do not pollinate their host plants as adults. At least some of these species have evolved from pollinating ancestors.
Seung-hwa
Seung-hwa is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Jeong Seung-hwa (1926–2002), South Korean male general

Na Seung-hwa (born 1969), South Korean male footballer

Park Seung-hwa (born 1969), South Korean male singer, member of Yurisangja

Jung Seung-hwa (born 1981), South Korean male épée fencer

Jung Seung-hwa
Jung Seung-hwa (Korean: 정승화; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʌŋ.sɯŋ.ɦwa]; born 27 March 1981) is a South Korean épée fencer, individual bronze medallist and team silver medallist at the 2015 World Fencing Championships. With the South Korean team he was also gold medallist at the 2010 Asian Games.
York St John University
York St John University (originally established as York Diocesan College), often abbreviated to YSJ, is a public university located on a large urban campus in York, England. Established in 1841, it achieved university status in 2006 and in 2015 was given research degree awarding powers for PhD and other doctoral programmes.

It is one of several higher education institutions which have religious foundations and is part of the Cathedrals Group of Universities.

In 2022, there were 8,350 students, reading a wide variety of subjects, across five schools: School of the Arts; School of Education, Language and Psychology; School of Humanities; School of Science, Technology and Health; and York Business School.

United Episcopal Church of North America
The United Episcopal Church of North America (UECNA) is a church in the Anglican tradition and is part of the Continuing Anglican movement. It is not part of the Anglican Communion.

The UECNA describes itself as "embracing the broad base of ceremonial practice inherent in the Historic Anglican Communion" although historically the UECNA has tended to be low or broad church in its ceremonial practice. The UECNA uses the 1928 American Book of Common Prayer and 1662 English prayer book in the US and, in Canada, the 1962 Canadian prayer book and 1662 prayer book.

The changes in the Episcopal Church and the Anglican Church of Canada that the UECNA and other continuing churches objected to include the theology of the newer liturgies such as the Episcopal Church's 1979 prayer book, the ordination of women, attitudes toward divorce and abortion, and differing interpretations of how the authority of scripture is perceived.
Retransmission
Retransmission might refer to:

Retransmission (data networks), the resending of packets which have been damaged or lost

Replication of a signal at a repeater

re-broadcast through a rebroadcaster or broadcast translator or booster, or relay station

Retransmission consent, permission for a cable or satellite company to carry a TV station

Retransmission consent
Retransmission consent is a provision of the 1992 United States Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act that requires cable operators and other multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) to obtain permission from commercial broadcasters before carrying their programming.

Under the provision, a broadcast station (or its affiliated/parent broadcast network) can ask for monetary payment or other compensation, such as carriage of an additional channel. If the cable operator rejects the broadcaster's proposal, the station can prohibit the cable operator from retransmitting its signal.

In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates this area of business and public policy pursuant to 47 U.S.C. Part II.
David Johnson (basketball)
David Ricardo Johnson (born February 26, 2001) is an American professional basketball player for the Tasmania JackJumpers of the Australian National Basketball League (NBL). He played college basketball for the Louisville Cardinals, and was drafted by the Toronto Raptors in the second round of the 2021 NBA draft.

Louisville Cardinals men's basketball
The Louisville Cardinals men's basketball team is the men's college basketball program representing the University of Louisville (U of L) in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) of NCAA Division I. The Cardinals have officially won two NCAA championships in 1980 and 1986 (with the 2013 title being vacated); and have officially been to eight Final Fours (with the 2012 and 2013 appearances being vacated) in 39 official NCAA tournament appearances while compiling 61 tournament wins.
Iain Henderson
William Iain Henderson (born 21 February 1992) is an Irish rugby union player from Northern Ireland who plays as a lock for United Rugby Championship club Ulster and the Ireland national team. He has been selected for two tours with the British & Irish Lions. Henderson has been the captain of Ulster since 2019 and captained Ireland in 2021 and 2023.

Grand Slam (rugby union)
In rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship (or its Five Nations predecessor) beats all the others during one year's competition.  This has been achieved 42 times in total, for the first time by Wales in 1908, and most recently by the Irish team in 2023. The team with the most Grand Slams is England with 13.
It can also apply to the U20 and Women's Six Nations Championships.

In another context, a Grand Slam tour refers to a touring side – South Africa, Australia or New Zealand – which plays fixtures against all four home nations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) during their tour. If the tourists win all of those matches, they are said to have achieved a Grand Slam. This has been done nine times, first by South Africa in 1912–13, and most recently by New Zealand in 2010.
All-4-One
All-4-One is an American male R&B and pop group best known for their hit singles "I Swear", "So Much in Love" and "I Can Love You Like That". The group is composed of band members Jamie Jones, Delious Kennedy, Alfred Nevarez, and Tony Borowiak, all from the Antelope Valley and Mojave, California areas.

Mojave, California
Mojave (formerly Mohave) is an unincorporated community in Kern County, California, United States. Mojave is located 50 miles (80 km) east of Bakersfield, and 100 miles (161 km) north of Los Angeles, at an elevation of 2,762.46 feet (842.00 m). The town is located in the western region of the Mojave Desert, below and east of Oak Creek Pass and the Tehachapi Mountains.  Mojave is on the Pacific Crest Trail.

The population was 4,700 at the 2020 census, up from 4,238 at the 2010 census. Telephone numbers in Mojave follow the format (661) 824-xxxx and the area includes three postal ZIP Codes.
Joachim Nitsche
Joachim A. Nitsche (September 2, 1926, Nossen – January 12, 1996) was a German mathematician and professor of mathematics in Freiburg, known for his important contributions to the mathematical and numerical analysis of partial differential equations. The duality argument for estimating the error of the finite element method and a scheme for the weak enforcement of Dirichlet boundary conditions for Poisson's equation bear his name.

Poisson's equation
Poisson's equation is an elliptic partial differential equation of broad utility in theoretical physics. For example, the solution to Poisson's equation is the potential field caused by a given electric charge or mass density distribution; with the potential field known, one can then calculate the corresponding electrostatic or gravitational (force) field. It is a generalization of Laplace's equation, which is also frequently seen in physics.  The equation is named after French mathematician and physicist Siméon Denis Poisson who published it in 1823.
Ambassel scale
The Ambassel scale (Amharic: አምባሰል ቅኝት) is a pentatonic scale widely used in the Gonder and Wollo regions of Ethiopia.

The notes of the scale (from C) are C, Db, F, G and Ab. It can be viewed as a pentatonic subset of the Phrygian scale on intervals 1, ♭2, 4, 5, ♭6 or as a mode of the Hirajoshi scale.

The scale is used in Ethiopian music for songs with historical themes. It can be heard used on the song "Ambassel" by Abate Berihun and Yitzhak Yedid on their Duo Ras Dashen album.

Wollo Province
Wollo (Amharic: ወሎ) was a historical province of northern Ethiopia. During the Middle Ages this province name was Bete Amhara and it was the centre of the Solomonic emperors.  Bete Amhara had an illustrious place in Ethiopian political and cultural history. It was the center of the Solomonic Dynasty established by Emperor Yekuno Amlak around Lake Hayq in 1270. Bete Amhara was bounded on the west by the Abbay, on the south by the river Wanchet, on the north by the Bashilo River and on the east by the Escarpment that separate it from the Afar Desert.

The original Wollo province was mainly only the area of modern-day South Wollo. But in the 1940s, under Emperor Haile Selassie, administration changes were made and provinces such as Lasta, Angot (now known as Raya), and parts of Afar lands were incorporated into Wollo.
Portrait of a Tearful Woman
Portrait of Tearful Woman is a hand colored photograph by American visual artist Man Ray, created in 1936. It was originally a black and white photograph but the artist worked it by hand to create the final result. As such it can be considered that unites Man Ray's artistry both as a photographer and as a painter. The original negative of the photograph is held at the Musée National d'Art Moderne, in Paris.

Musée National d'Art Moderne
The Musée National d'Art Moderne (French pronunciation: [myze nɑsjɔnal daʁ mɔdɛʁn]; "National Museum of Modern Art") is the national museum for modern art of France. It is located in the 4th arrondissement of Paris and is housed in the Centre Pompidou. In 2021 it ranked 10th in the list of most visited art museums in the world, with 1,501,040 visitors. It is one of the largest museums for modern and contemporary art in the world.
Jaliscia
Jaliscia is a genus which belongs to the family Microcotylidae and class Monogenea.  As all Monogenea, species of Jaliscia are ectoparasites that affect their host by attaching themselves as larvae on the gills of the fish and grow into adult stage. This larval stage is called oncomiracidium, and is characterized as free swimming and ciliated.

Members of the genus Jaliscia are characterised by an armed genital atrium,  an unarmed cirrus  and a single unarmed vagina.

Oncomiracidium
An oncomiracidium is the ciliated and free-living larva of a monogenean, a type of parasitic flatworm commonly found on fish. It is similar to the miracidium of Trematoda, but has sclerotised (hardened) hooklets not found in the latter.
Hutchinson's Hole
Hutchinson's Hole is a large pit cave (located in Saint Ann in northern Jamaica) named after the 18th century serial killer Lewis Hutchinson, who used the sinkhole to dispose of bodies. Its depth is approximately 98 metres (322 ft), with a cave entrance some 5 by 3 metres widening to approximately 18 by 25 metres at the bottom.

The hole is believed to have claimed a number of victims since.

Pit cave
A pit cave, shaft cave or vertical cave—or often simply called a pit (in the US) and pothole or pot (in the UK); jama in Slavic languages scientific and colloquial vocabulary (borrowed since early research in the Western Balkan Dinaric Alpine karst)—is a type of cave which contains one or more significant vertical shafts rather than being predominantly a conventional horizontal cave passage. Pits typically form in limestone as a result of long-term erosion by water. They can be open to the surface or found deep within horizontal caves. Among US cavers, a pit, usually referred to as a 'pitch' in UK English, is a vertical drop of any depth that cannot be negotiated safely without the use of ropes or ladders.
Nobel Son
Nobel Son is a 2007 American black comedy about a dysfunctional family dealing with the kidnapping of their son for ransom following the father's winning of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The film features Alan Rickman as the prize-winning professor and Mary Steenburgen as his wife, with Bryan Greenberg as their kidnapped son.

Principal photography for Nobel Son started on October 6, 2005, in Venice Beach, California, and ended on November 17, 2005. The official trailer and website were released on January 12, 2007.

Dysfunctional family
A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, misbehavior and often child neglect or abuse on the part of individual parents occur continuously and regularly. Children that grow up in such families may think such a situation is normal. Dysfunctional families are primarily a result of two adults, one typically overtly abusive and the other codependent, and may also be affected by substance abuse or other forms of addiction, or often by an untreated mental illness. Parents having grown up in a dysfunctional family may over-correct or emulate their own parents. In some cases, the dominant parent will abuse or neglect their children and the other parent will not object, misleading a child to assume blame.
M-100 (Michigan highway)
M-100 is a north–south state trunkline highway in the central region of the U.S. state of Michigan. It runs between Potterville and Grand Ledge, connecting Interstate 69 (I-69) and I-96 west of the state capital, Lansing. The highway was previously a section of M-16. After M-16 was realigned, M-100 was created by 1927. Three extensions in the 1930s,  1950s and 1990s resulted in the current highway routing.

Central Michigan
Central Michigan, also called Mid Michigan, is a region in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As its name implies, it is the middle area of the Lower Peninsula. Lower Michigan is said to resemble a mitten, and Mid Michigan corresponds roughly to the thumb and palm, stretching from Michigan's eastern shoreline along Lake Huron into the fertile rolling plains of the Michigan Basin. The region contains cities of moderate size, including Flint, Saginaw, and the state capital of Lansing. Generally Central, or "Mid", Michigan is defined by governmental organizations as an area North of Jackson, and South of Clare.
Gerenia
Gerenia (Ancient Greek: Γερηνία), or Gerena (τὰ Γέρηνα), or Gerenus or Gerenos (Γέρηνος), was a town of ancient Messenia, where, according to Greek mythology, Nestor was said to have been brought up after the destruction of Pylos, and whence he derived the surname Gerenian, which occurs so frequently in the Iliad of Homer. There is, however, no town of this name mentioned in Homer, and many of the ancient critics identified the later Gerenia with the Homeric Enope.

Under the Roman Empire Gerenia was the most northerly of the towns of the League of Free Laconians. It was situated on the eastern side of the Messenian Gulf upon a mountainous promontory. Pausanias wrote in the 2nd century CE that there had been a mountain called Calathium in Gerenia with a sanctuary of Claea, an Oread. Two ancient inscriptions discovered at Gerenia were translated by the 19th-century German classicist August Böckh.

The Gerenia site is located near Zarnata Castle аbove the modern village Kampos.

Calathium
Calathium is an extinct genus of organism found in marine beds of Ordovician age. Its classification is enigmatic: It has long been placed among the receptaculites, but it has also been described as a quasi-sponge, possibly akin to the archeocyathids or other hypercalcified sponge. The chief difference from archaeocyathids is that their walls were connected by rods rather than septae.

The organisms were important reef-forming organisms during the Ordovician, forming communities with lithistid sponges that gradually displaced the earlier microbial mounds.
Principality of Benevento
The Principality of Benevento was the sole Lombard territory (former Duchy of Benevento) which continued to exist as a rump state, maintaining its de facto independence after the fall of the Kingdom of the Lombards at the hands of the Franks. Benevento dwindled in size in the early 11th century, and was completely captured by the Norman Robert Guiscard in 1053.

Rump state
A rump state is the remnant of a once much larger state that was reduced in the wake of annexation, occupation,  secession, decolonization, a successful coup d'état or revolution on part of its former territory. In the last case, a government stops short of going into exile because it controls parts of its remaining territories.
Ai Kago
Ai Kago (加護 亜依, Kago Ai; born February 7, 1988) is a Japanese actress and singer. In 2000, Kago debuted as a 4th-generation member of the idol girl group Morning Musume. During her time in Morning Musume, she was also part of its sub-groups Tanpopo, Mini-Moni, and Morning Musume Sakuragumi, as well as several Hello! Project Shuffle Units. In 2004, Kago departed from Morning Musume and became part of the duo W with Nozomi Tsuji.

In 2006, Kago was suspended from her agency for underage smoking and subsequently dismissed in 2007, forcing her to leave W and Hello! Project. In 2008, she returned to entertainment as an actress, appearing in Kung Fu Chefs (2009), Ju-On: Black Ghost (2009), and Battle of Demons (2009). In 2009, Kago returned to music as well, releasing her debut solo single, "No Hesitation" (2009), followed by her jazz album, Ai Kago Meets Jazz (2010). She also formed her own girl group, Girls Beat!!, in 2013, of which she remained a member until 2016.

Ju-On: Black Ghost
Ju-On: Black Ghost (呪怨: 黒い少女, Juon: Kuroi Shōjo; lit. "Ju-On: Black Young Girl") is a 2009 Japanese supernatural horror film produced in honor of the tenth anniversary of the Ju-on series. Like most films in the franchise, Black Ghost is told in a non-linear order, with each vignette titled after a character central to the story. The sequel revolves around a hospitalized young girl who discovers that a cyst is found in her body, which is actually the physical remnant of her unborn twin.
If I Have to Stand Alone (song)
"If I Have to Stand Alone" is a song by American Hi-NRG and house singer Lonnie Gordon, released in November 1990 Supreme Records as the fourth and last single from her debut album by the same name (1990). Like the other tracks, it was written and produced by English songwriting and record producing trio Stock Aitken & Waterman, and a black-and-white music video was produced to promote the single. In spite of good critical reception, "If I Have to Stand Alone" did not manage to become a hit, remaining at the bottom of the charts in the countries where it was released.

Supreme Records (UK)
Supreme Records UK was a record label affiliated to Peter Waterman Entertainment. The label released music from artists such as Lonnie Gordon, Mel and Kim and Princess. Most releases were then transferred to EMI.
Aleksey Lavrik
Aleksey Lavrik (Belarusian: Аляксей Лаўрык; Russian: Алексей Лаврик; born 7 August 2000) is a Belarusian footballer who plays for Dinamo Brest.

He is a son of Belarusian coach and former international footballer Andrei Lavrik.

FC Dynamo Brest
FC Dynamo Brest (Belarusian: ФК Дынама Брэст, FK Dynama Brest; Russian: ФК Динамо Брест) is a Belarusian professional football club based in Brest. The club plays in the Belarusian Premier League, the top division in Belarusian football.

In 2019, Dynamo won its first Belarusian Premier League title. The club has also won the Belarusian Cup in 2007, 2017 and 2018.