hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyanometer
A cyanometer (from cyan and -meter) is an instrument for measuring "blueness", specifically the colour intensity of blue sky. It is attributed to Horace-Bénédict de Saussure and Alexander von Humboldt. It consists of squares of paper dyed in graduated shades of blue and arranged in a color circle or square that can be held up and compared to the color of the sky.

Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory. The term has its origins in the art and science of scientific instrument-making.

Instrumentation can refer to devices as simple as direct-reading thermometers, or as complex as multi-sensor components of industrial control systems. Instruments can be found in laboratories, refineries, factories and vehicles, as well as in everyday household use (e.g., smoke detectors and thermostats).
Jean-Hervé Lorenzi
Jean-Hervé Lorenzi (born 24 July 1947 in Toulon) is a French economist.

Jean-Hervé Lorenzi is President and Chairman of the French think-tank Le Cercle des économistes which annually organizes the economic forum Les Rencontres Economiques d'Aix-en-Provence. He holds the chair "Transition Démographique, Transition Economique" at the Fondation du Risque in partnership with University Paris X. He is president of "Pôle de Compétitivité, Finance et Innovation". He is a member of the executive board of Edmond de Rothschild Group France. As an independent administrator, Jean-hervé Lorenzi is also a member of the supervisory board of Euler Hermes and a member of the  board of directors of the Médéric Alzheimer Foundation and BNP Paribas Cardif.

Edmond de Rothschild Group
The Edmond de Rothschild Group is a financial institution specialized in private banking and asset management. Based in Geneva, the group is family-owned and independent, and encompasses the Edmond de Rothschild Foundations (philanthropic arm), the lifestyle brand Edmond de Rothschild Heritage (fine wine and cheese, luxury hotels and restaurants), and sponsors the Gitana Team (professional sailing team).

The group was founded in Paris in 1953 by Edmond de Rothschild as La Compagnie Financière (LCF) Edmond de Rothschild. After opening branches in Geneva and Luxembourg, the LCF launched the first fund of funds in 1969. In 1997, Benjamin and Ariane de Rothschild took over the governance of the company, which was reorganized and renamed Edmond de Rothschild Group in 2010.

In 2024, the business managed assets of CHF 184 billion, had  2,700 employees, and had 29 sites across 14 countries. Ariane de Rothschild has been CEO of the group and Cynthia Tobiano Deputy CEO since March 2023.
Portrait of Alexandra of Denmark (Winterhalter)
Portrait of Alexandra of Denmark is an 1864 portrait painting by the German artist Franz Xaver Winterhalter.  It depicts Alexandra of Denmark, then Princess of Wales as the wife of the future Edward VII. Alexandra had arrived in Britain from her native Denmark the previous year for her wedding. As a dynastic match it linked Alexandra, the daughter of Christian IX of Denmark with the son and heir of Queen Victoria.

It was commissioned by Queen Victoria and was hanging in the Crimson Drawing Room at Windsor Castle in 1878. It remains in the Royal Collection today.

Wedding of Prince Albert Edward and Princess Alexandra
The wedding of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII), and Princess Alexandra of Denmark (later Queen Alexandra) took place on 10 March 1863 at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. It was the first royal wedding to take place at St. George's, and the last wedding of a Prince of Wales until Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer's 1981 wedding.
Henry LaBounta
Henry LaBounta is an American-Canadian special and visual effects artist. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Visual Effects for the film Twister.

At the 50th British Academy Film Awards, he won a BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects. His win was shared with Stefen Fangmeier, John Frazier and Habib Zargarpour.

50th British Academy Film Awards
The 50th British Academy Film Awards, more commonly known as the BAFTAs, took place on 29 April 1997 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, honouring the best national and foreign films of 1996. Presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, accolades were handed out for the best feature-length film and documentaries of any nationality that were screened at British cinemas in 1998.

Anthony Minghella's The English Patient won the award for Best Film (and previously won the Academy Award for Best Picture), while Mike Leigh's Secrets & Lies was voted Outstanding British Film. Geoffrey Rush won for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his role in Shine and Brenda Blethyn won for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her role in Secrets & Lies, respectively.

The ceremony was hosted by actor and comedian Lenny Henry.
William Ransom Wood
William Ransom Wood (February 3, 1907 – February 25, 2001) was an American politician and leader of the University of Alaska.

Wood was born near Jacksonville, Morgan County, Illinois. He was an Episcopalian. He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He became vice president of the University of Nevada.

Morgan County, Illinois
Morgan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 32,915. Its county seat is Jacksonville.

Morgan County is part of the Jacksonville, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Springfield–Jacksonville–Lincoln, IL Combined Statistical Area.
Abari
Abari (Georgian: აბარი) is a village in Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region, Georgia. It is part of the Likheti commune, Ambrolauri municipality, with the population of 122, mostly (99.2%) ethnic Georgians, as of the 2014 census.

Abari is located on the right bank of the Lukhuni river, a right tributary of the Rioni, on the southern foothills of the Lechkhumi Range, 17 km. northeast of the town of Ambrolauri.

The population of Abari is dominated by two surnames: Lobzhanidze and Japaridze. According to local tradition, the village was founded by a man surnamed Lobzhanidze from the Ghebi in the northernmost part of Racha in the 18th century. The Japaridze descend from a priest sent to Abari in the 19th century. Since the Soviet period, the families in Abari have used rural-urban migration to access the different resources provided by the village and the city.

Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti
Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti (Georgian: რაჭა-ლეჩხუმი და ქვემო სვანეთი, Rach’a-Lechkhumi da Kvemo Svaneti [ɾät͡ʃʼäle̞t͡ʃʰχumi d̥ä kʰʷe̞mo̞ s̪ʷän̪e̞t̪ʰi]) is a region (mkhare) in northwestern Georgia with a population of 28,500 (2021), making it the most sparsely populated region in the country. It has a nominal area of 4,954 km2 (1,913 sq mi), of which 4,600 km2 (1,800 sq mi) is de facto controlled by Georgia. The remainder is effectively under South Ossetian control. The region has Ambrolauri as its administrative center and Parmen Margvelidze is governor of the region since June 2021. Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti includes the historical provinces of Racha, Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti (or Lower Svaneti).
Dedunu Akase
Dedunu Akase ('Mirror of Life; Sinhala: දේදුණු ආකාසේ) is a 2017 Sri Lankan Sinhala romantic film directed by Priyantha Colombage and produced by EAP Network Swarnavahini Production. It stars Hemal Ranasinghe in the lead role, along with newcomers Chulakshi Ranathunga and Shanel Fernando. The music was composed by Chitral Somapala. It is the 1288th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

Supporting actor Dasun Nishan committed suicide on 27 September 2017, prior to the screening of the film. The muhurath ceremony was held at Galadari Hotel, Colombo. The film has received mixed reviews from critics.

Galadari Hotel
Galadari Hotel, traded as Galadari Hotels (Lanka) PLC, is a five-star luxury hotel in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Emirati conglomerate, Galadari Brothers are the controlling shareholders of the hotel company. The hotel commenced operations in 1984. The hotel was previously managed by Meridien Hotels and Marriott before the Galadari Brothers themselves took over the management in 1994. The hotel suffered from a couple of terrorist attacks in the 1990s most notably in 1997. In 2022, the hotel won the Hotel Brand of the Year award at the SLIM-Kantar Peoples Awards.
Dresden Transport Museum
The Dresden Transport Museum (German: Verkehrsmuseum Dresden) displays
vehicles of all modes of transport, such as railway, shipping, road and air traffic, under one roof.

The museum is housed in the Johanneum at the Neumarkt in Dresden. The Johanneum was built between 1586 and 1590; it is one of the oldest museum buildings in Dresden.

Neumarkt (Dresden)
The Neumarkt (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏmaʁkt] ⓘ) is a square and culturally significant section of central Dresden, Germany. The historic area was almost completely wiped out during the Allied bombing during the Second World War. After the war, Dresden fell under Soviet occupation, and later the communist German Democratic Republic, which rebuilt the Neumarkt area in socialist realist style and partially with historic buildings. However, huge areas and parcels of the place remained untilled. After the fall of Communism and German reunification, the decision was made to restore the Neumarkt to its pre-war look.
A Concert for Charlottesville
A Concert for Charlottesville was a benefit concert held on September 24, 2017, organized by the Dave Matthews Band to raise funds for the victims killed and injured during the Unite the Right rally held from August 11–12, 2017. The band labeled the event as "An Evening of Music and Unity."

Tickets for the concert were free but prioritized for the greater Charlottesville area and students, faculty, and staff of the University of Virginia. Attendees were encouraged to donate to the "Concert for Charlottesville Fund," benefiting "victims of the events in Charlottesville on August 11 and 12, their families, first responders, and organizations devoted to the promotion of healing, unity and justice locally and nationwide."

The concert was also live-streamed to audiences around the world through platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, and by Oath Inc. sites, including Tumblr and HuffPost.

Benefit concert
A benefit concert or charity concert is a type of musical benefit performance (e.g., concert, show, or gala) featuring musicians, comedians, or other performers that is held for a charitable purpose, often directed at a specific and immediate humanitarian crisis.

Benefit concerts can have both subjective and concrete objectives. Subjective objectives include raising awareness about an issue such as misery in Africa (such as Live 8) and uplifting a nation after a disaster (such as America: A Tribute to Heroes). Concrete objectives include raising funds (such as Live Aid) and influencing legislation (such as Live 8 or Farm Aid). The two largest benefit concerts of all time, in size, were the Live 8 and the Live Earth events, which both attracted billions of spectators. Scholars theorize that the observed increase on concert size since the Live Aid is happening because organizers strive to make their events as big as the tragedy at hand, thus hoping to gain legitimization that way.
Kenneth Cork
Sir Kenneth Russell Cork (21 August 1913 – 13 October 1991) was a British accountant and insolvency expert, and the Lord Mayor of London from 1978–1979.  He is best known for chairing a major review of UK insolvency law (whose report issued in 1982 is widely referred to as the Cork Report and led to the passing of the Insolvency Act 1986).

He was a partner in Cork Gully, a well-known firm of insolvency practitioners (established in 1935 with his father, WH Cork, and Harry Gully) which in 1980 became part of Coopers & Lybrand. Cork was recognised as an "insolvency baron" who had a dominant role in that field which set him apart from mainstream accountancy.

Prior to his election of Mayor he had served as a sheriff of London for 1975–76.

He also contributed to governance of the arts, as Vice Chairman of the Arts Council and Chairman of the Royal Shakespeare Company, and guiding other bodies including the Philharmonia Orchestra and London Festival Ballet.

Arts Council of Great Britain
The Arts Council of Great Britain was a non-departmental public body dedicated to the promotion of the fine arts in Great Britain. It was divided in 1994 to form the Arts Council of England (now Arts Council England), the Scottish Arts Council (later merged into Creative Scotland), and the Arts Council of Wales. At the same time the National Lottery was established and these three arts councils, plus the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, became distribution bodies.
Chauncey G. Cady
Chauncey Goodrich Cady (August 20, 1803 – December 10, 1893) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Otsego County, New York, Cady moved to Mt. Clemens, Michigan Territory and settled in what is now Cady, Michigan. He was a farmer and held various local offices. He served in the Michigan Territorial Militia in 1826-1829 as a paymaster with the rank of major. In 1845 and 1849, he served in the Michigan House of Representatives. He joined the Republican Party in 1854. He died in Detroit, Michigan. His brother was Horace H. Cady who also served in the Michigan Legislature.

Otsego County, New York
Otsego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,524. The county seat is Cooperstown. The county's population center is Oneonta. The name Otsego is from a Mohawk or Oneida word meaning "place of the rock." The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.
1998 Pasay local elections
Local elections were held in Pasay on May 11, 1998 within the Philippine general election. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the representative for the lone district, and the councilors, six of them in the two districts of the city.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Gołuchów, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Gołuchów [ɡɔˈwuxuf] is a village in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gołuchów.

The village has an approximate population of 2,200 (2005) and is renowned for its fairy-tale castle.

Pleszew County
Pleszew County (Polish: powiat pleszewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The county covers an area of 711.91 square kilometres (274.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 61,951, out of which the population of Pleszew is 17,787 and the rural population is 44,164.
Tomahawk (train)
The Tomahawk was a passenger train operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad ("Milwaukee Road") between Chicago and Woodruff, Wisconsin. It began prior to 1940 between Chicago and Minocqua, Wisconsin. By 1955, it would be extended to Woodruff before having the terminus cut back to Wausau, Wisconsin by 1958. Service was eliminated by 1968.

Milwaukee Road
The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (CMStP&P), better known as the Milwaukee Road (reporting mark MILW), was a Class I railroad that operated in the Midwest and Northwest of the United States from 1847 until 1986.

The company experienced financial difficulty through the 1970s and 1980s, including bankruptcy in 1977 (though it filed for bankruptcy twice in 1925 and 1935, respectively). In 1980, it abandoned its Pacific Extension, which included track in the states of Montana, Idaho, and Washington. The remaining system was merged into the Soo Line Railroad (reporting mark SOO), a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Railway (reporting mark CP), on January 1, 1986. Much of its historical trackage remains in use by other railroads. The company brand is commemorated by buildings like the historic Milwaukee Road Depot in Minneapolis and preserved locomotives such as Milwaukee Road 261 which operates excursion trains.
Van Watervliet family
The Van Watervliet family is a Dutch noble family of businessmen and landowners who rose to prominence during the early Renaissance in the County of Zeeland of the Seventeen Provinces of the Holy Roman Empire, and later in the Netherlands and British colonies of North America.

County of Zeeland
The County of Zeeland (Dutch: Graafschap Zeeland) was a county of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries and it later became one of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic. It covered an area in the Scheldt and Meuse delta roughly corresponding to the modern Dutch province of Zeeland. The County of Zeeland did not include the region of Zeelandic Flanders which was part of Flanders; conversely, the modern Province of Zeeland does not include Sommelsdijk, historically part of the County of Zeeland.
Video games in the Netherlands
The Netherlands' mainstream video games market, not taking into consideration the serious and casual games, is the sixth largest in Europe. In 2008, the Dutch market took up 3.95% of the entire European market in total sales and 4.19% in software sales.

A significant part of the Netherlands' gaming industry is in serious games, in which Dutch companies make a significant part of the worldwide industry.

In the Netherlands, an estimated of 4,000 people are working in the games industry, at more than 600 companies. Over 45 of the companies are located in the Dutch Game Garden, a government subsidized organization with the aim of promoting and improving the video games industry in the Netherlands.

TOCA (series)
TOCA (also known as Race Driver) is a racing video game series developed and published by Codemasters. The series originally focused specifically on touring car racing, but after World Touring Cars, the series expanded to cover a wide variety of motorsport. The TOCA series was eventually succeeded by the Grid series of games, with Race Driver: Grid released in 2008.
About a Boy (soundtrack)
About a Boy is the second album by English singer-songwriter Badly Drawn Boy (Damon Gough), released in 8 April 2002 under Twisted Nerve Records and XL Recordings, and in America under the short-lived ARTISTdirect Records, as the soundtrack to the film About a Boy. Gough was chosen to compose and perform the entire soundtrack.

In his book 31 Songs, About a Boy author Nick Hornby lists Gough's track "A Minor Incident" as one of the songs that has had an effect on his life.

About a Boy (film)
About a Boy is a 2002 comedy-drama film directed by Paul Weitz and Chris Weitz, who co-wrote the screenplay with Peter Hedges. It is an adaptation of the 1998 novel by Nick Hornby. The film stars Hugh Grant, Nicholas Hoult, Toni Collette, and Rachel Weisz.

The film was theatrically released on 26 April 2002 by Universal Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Actors Hugh Grant and Toni Collette were nominated for a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award, respectively, for their performances. The film received positive reviews from critics and earned $130.5 million against a $30 million budget.
Sindhi nationalism
Sindhi nationalism (Sindhi:سنڌي قومپرستي‎) is an ideology that claims that the Sindhis, an ethnolinguistic group native to the Pakistani province of Sindh, form a separate nation. After Bangladesh became independent in 1971, G.M. Syed gave a new direction to nationalism and founded the Jeay Sindh Mahaz in 1972 and presented the idea of Sindhudesh; a separate homeland for Sindhis. G.M. Syed is considered as the founder of modern Sindhi nationalism. However, Sindhi nationalists stand divided upon the idea of a separate country or autonomy within Pakistan, ultimately resulting in the weakening of Sindhi nationalism. Sindhu Desh ji Dharti Todhe (To you, O land of Sindhu desh) is the Anthem of Sindhi nationalists.

According to a 2009 report by the Pew Research Center, 55% of Sindhis in Pakistan identified themselves primarily as Pakistani, 28% identified first as Sindhi, and 16% viewed both identities equally.

Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
The Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতার ঘোষণাপত্র), refers to the declaration of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 26 March 1971, at the onset of the Bangladesh Liberation War by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Next day on March 27 after Pakistan's brutal Operation Searchlight began killing unarmed people, Major Ziaur Rahman, broadcast the message on radio on behalf of detained leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station in Kalurghat, Chattogram. On 10 April, the Provisional Government of Bangladesh issued a proclamation on the basis of the previous declaration and established an interim constitution for the independence movement.
Andrea Holland
Andrea Holland (born 29 June 1958) is a former British synchronised swimmer and coach of the Swiss and British synchronised swimming teams. She competed at the 1978 World Aquatics Championships, where she finished 4th in the duet event and the 1977 European Aquatics Championships, where she received a gold medal in the duet event with Jackie Cox.

Since the 90's, she has been a synchronised swimming freelance commentator.

1977 European Aquatics Championships
The 1977 European Aquatics Championships were held at the swimming complex Rosenlundsbadet in the southern Swedish city of Jönköping, from 14 August to 21 August. Besides swimming, there were titles contested in diving, the women's event of synchronized swimming and the men's event of water polo.
Nerve tissue protein
A nerve tissue protein is a biological molecule related to the function and maintenance of normal nervous tissue. An example would include, for example, the generation of myelin which insulates and protects nerves. These are typically calcium-binding proteins.

Calcium-binding protein
Calcium-binding proteins are proteins that participate in calcium cell signaling pathways by binding to Ca2+, the calcium ion that plays an important role in many cellular processes. Calcium-binding proteins have specific domains that bind to calcium and are known to be heterogeneous.

One of the functions of calcium binding proteins is to regulate the amount of free (unbound) Ca2+ in the cytosol of the cell. The cellular regulation of calcium is known as calcium homeostasis.