hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Free amino nitrogen
In brewing and winemaking, free amino nitrogen (FAN) is a measure of the concentration of individual amino acids and small peptides (one to three units) which can be utilized by beer and wine yeast for cell growth and proliferation. Together with ammonia, FAN makes up the measurement of yeast assimilable nitrogen that can be measured prior to the start of fermentation.

The exact components of FAN will vary from the composition of the wort or grape must. In wine, all 21 amino acids can be found in trace amounts with arginine, proline and glutamine being the most abundant. However, as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the primary yeast for both beer and wine, can not utilize proline in the anaerobic conditions of ethanol fermentation it is not included in FAN (and subsequently YAN) calculations.

Arginine
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.  The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation. Only the l-arginine (symbol Arg or R) enantiomer is found naturally. Arg residues are common components of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. The guanidine group in arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide. Like all amino acids, it is a white, water-soluble solid.

The one-letter symbol R was assigned to arginine for its phonetic similarity in English.
Riding rhyme
Riding rhyme is an early form of heroic verse.
It has been described variously as a couplet rhyme, in five accents, and as a decasyllabic couplet.
It is derived from the rhythm of the poetry in parts of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales depicting the pilgrims as they rode along.

Other examples might be Browning's "How they Brought the Good News From Ghent To Aix", or W. H. Audens verses for "Night Mail".

How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix
"How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix" is a poem by Robert Browning published in Dramatic Romances and Lyrics, 1845. The poem, one of the volume's "dramatic romances", is a first-person narrative told, in breathless galloping meter, by one of three riders; the midnight errand is urgent—"the news which alone could save Aix from her fate"—although the nature of that good news is never revealed. Two of the riders' horses collapse en route; the narrator alone makes it to Aix with the news, and rewards his horse with a drink of wine.

In the words of William Rose Benet, it is "noted for its onomatopoetic effects". Browning himself remarked in a letter, "There is no historical incident whatever commemorated in the poem ... a merely general impression of the characteristic warfare and besieging which abound in the annals of Flanders". (Undaunted, an editor of Browning suggested the historical event of the Pacification of Ghent in 1576.)
Anatoly Martinov
Anatoly Martinov is a Soviet flatwater canoeist who competed in the late 1960s. He won a bronze medal in the C-1 1000 m event at the 1966 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in East Berlin, East Germany (now Berlin, Germany).

1966 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1966 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in the East Berlin suburb of Grünau in East Germany. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. From 19 to 21 August, competitors used the regatta course on the Langer See that had previously been used for the canoeing and rowing events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak. This was the first championships which had one competitor or team per nation per event, a rule that continues as of 2008.

It was also the seventh championships in canoe sprint.
Jason Webster (author)
Jason Webster is an Anglo-American author who writes on Spain. He was born in California to British parents in 1970. He has spent most of his adult life in Spain, having settled in Valencia with his Spanish wife, actress and dancer Salud Botella. He is a director of The Scheherazade Foundation.

English Americans
English Americans (also known as Anglo-Americans) are Americans whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England. According to the 2020 United States census, English Americans are the largest ethnic demographic in the United States with 46.6 million Americans self-identifying as having some English origins (many combined with another heritage) representing (19.8%) of the White American population. This includes 25,536,410 (12.5% of whites) identified as predominantly or "English alone".
David Robb (motorcycling)
David Robb, born 1956 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, is a vehicle designer best known for his work as chief designer at BMW Motorrad, BMW's motorcycle division, from 1993 to 2012.

Robb was trained in design at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California. After graduating he worked for Chrysler in the US, and Audi in Germany, before joining BMW's car division in 1984.

At BMW Motorrad Robb was responsible for designing, or led the design of the K1200RS sport bike, the R1200 which is a cruiser; the C1, which is an enclosed scooter; the K1200R, a powerful naked bike; the F800S, F800ST, F800R, and F800GS, all of which share the same 800 cc parallel-twin engine; the R1200GS, a dual-sport motorcycle which is BMW Motorrad's best selling model, and the S1000RR sport bike which is sold as a road bike and is also raced in the Superbike World Championship.

BMW F series parallel-twin
The BMW F series is a family of parallel-twin engine dual-sport motorcycles manufactured in Berlin, Germany by BMW Motorrad.  Launched in 2008, the range comprises the  F650GS, F700GS, F800GS, and F800GSA.  In 2012, the F700GS replaced the discontinued F650GS, and in 2013, the F800GSA was introduced with a 24-litre (5.3 imp gal; 6.3 US gal) fuel tank and a larger front fairing and screen. The F800GT and F800S both have belt drive.
Listed buildings in Caldbergh with East Scrafton
Caldbergh with East Scrafton is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains seven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the hamlets of Caldbergh and East Scrafton and the surrounding countryside.  The listed buildings consist of the ruins of a chapel, three farmhouses, a former packhorse bridge, a limekiln and a telephone kiosk.

Lime kiln
A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is: CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2

This reaction can take place at anywhere above 840 °C (1,540 °F), but is generally considered to occur at 900 °C (1,650 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 1 atmosphere), but a temperature around 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 3.8 atmospheres) is usually used to make the reaction proceed quickly. Excessive temperature is avoided because it produces unreactive, "dead-burned" lime.

Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) can be formed by mixing quicklime with water.
P. J. Abbott
P. J. Abbott (born May 28, 1964) is an American racing driver. In 2004, he drove in two races in the Infiniti Pro Series for Michael Crawford Motorsports. Prior to that, he competed in US SCCA Formula Mazda and SCCA Formula Atlantic. He also raced in the NASCAR West Series four times in 2004 and 2005. His best finish in the series was thirteenth place at Stockton 99 Speedway.

Formula Mazda
Formula Mazda is a class of relatively affordable open-wheel car formula racing.

The original tube-frame Formula Mazda car had its own class in SCCA club racing from 1998 to 2019. The subsequent Pro Mazda Series, using an all-new car with carbon fiber construction became the Indy Pro 2000 Championship that is part of IndyCar's Road to Indy ladder system, using the Pro Mazda car until 2017.  Many drivers aspiring to the top classes of racing used the pro series to hone and demonstrate their talent. The 2004 Formula Mazda champion, Michael McDowell, went on to Champ Car and NASCAR (winning the 2021 Daytona 500). 2006 Star Mazda race winner Scott Speed later raced in Formula One and NASCAR.
Living in Darkness
Living in Darkness is the debut studio album by American punk rock band Agent Orange, released in 1981 on Posh Boy Records. The album showcased the band's innovative mixture of punk, surf rock and skate punk, and was also listed on Phoenix New Times' list of the "10 Best Skate Punk Records of All Time".

The original album consisted of eight tracks. In 1992, it was expanded to include three unreleased tracks from the album sessions ("Pipeline", "Breakdown" and "Mr. Moto") as well as the 1979 recordings that won them their Posh Boy contract ("Bloodstains", "America", "Bored of You" and "El Dorado"). A 1981 interview and liner notes written by guitarist Mike Palm were also included in the reissue. In 1988, Agent Orange recorded an as-yet unreleased version of the album, titled Living in Total Darkness.

Three songs are covers of classic surf instrumentals: "Pipeline" by the Chantays, "Miserlou" by Dick Dale and "Mr. Moto" by the Bel-Airs.

The Chantays
The Chantays, sometimes billed as Chantay's, is an American surf rock band formed in Orange County, California. They are known for their 1963 hit instrumental "Pipeline". Their sound combines electronic keyboards with surf guitar, creating a unique ghostly sound.
Lancia Ardea
The Lancia Ardea is a small family car produced by Italian car manufacturer Lancia between 1939 and 1953. Its unusually short bonnet reportedly contained the smallest V4 engine ever commercialized in a small family car.

Nearly 23,000 of the Ardeas produced were standard bodied saloons but between 1940 and 1942 approximately 500 Ardeas were manufactured with lengthened bodies and a squared off rear cabin for use in Rome as taxis. After the war more than 8,500 commercial adaptations of the Ardea known as 'furgoncini' (light van versions) and the 'camioncini' (car based light trucks) were also produced.

The third series Ardea, produced from 1948, was the first mass-produced car with a 5-speed manual transmission. Ardea was named either after Ardea town (Lazio), or Via Ardeatina, Roman road leading from Rome to that town.

Ardea, Lazio
Ardea (Ancient Greek: Ἀρδέα) is an ancient town and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, 35 kilometres (22 miles) south of the city centre of Rome and about 4 kilometres (2 miles) from today's Mediterranean coast.

The economy is mostly based on agriculture, although, starting from the 1970s, industry has played an increasingly important role.
Si Estuvieras Conmigo
Si Estuvieras Conmigo (English: If You Were with Me) is the ninth studio album recorded by Salvadoran singer-songwriter Álvaro Torres, The album witch released by EMI Latin on May 15, 1990 (see 1990 in music). It was produced by Bebu Silvetti and recorded at Rusk Sound Studios, Los Angeles.

The album was a success in Latin America and the United States, peaking at number 5 in July 1990 on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums chart.

Billboard Latin pop charts
The Billboard Latin pop charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Latin Pop Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Latin Pop Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on Latin pop radio stations before switching to a genre-based methodology in August 2020. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different Latin pop charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Latin Pop Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing Latin pop songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

By "Latin pop", Billboard generally refers to the genre as Spanish-speaking pop music, including pop ballads, mid-tempo or up-tempo pop as well as "young pop sounds", "the new Spanish-language rock", pop-rhythmic and pop-dance tunes.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the state of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on August 30.

Arizona's congressional districts
Arizona is divided into nine congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives. Since the 2008 elections, Democrats and Republicans have alternated holding a majority of seats in the delegation in six of the last eight elections.
Anninsky (inhabited locality)
Anninsky (Russian: Аннинский; masculine), Anninskaya (Аннинская; feminine), or Anninskoye (Аннинское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Anninsky (rural locality), a pochinok in Smetaninsky Rural Okrug of Sanchursky District of Kirov Oblast

Anninskoye, Pskov Oblast, a village in Sebezhsky District of Pskov Oblast

Anninskoye, Tver Oblast, a village in Lukinskoye Rural Settlement of Sandovsky District of Tver Oblast

Anninskoye, Vologda Oblast, a village in Komyansky Selsoviet of Gryazovetsky District of Vologda Oblast

Anninskaya, a village in Staronadezhdinsky Selsoviet of Blagoveshchensky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Norie-Miller Walk
Norie-Miller Walk is an urban park in the Scottish city of Perth, on the eastern banks of the River Tay. Named for Sir Stanley Norie-Miller, Bt, MC, DL, JP (1888–1973) it is situated between Smeaton's Bridge to the north and Queen's Bridge immediately to the south, and behind Kinnoull Parish Church.

In 2017, the park was lit up, in an event known as Light Nights, for a celebration in honour of Robert Burns.

Queen's Bridge, Perth
Queen's Bridge is a toll-free bridge in the city of Perth, Scotland. It spans the River Tay. It carries both automotive and pedestrian traffic of South Street, one of Perth's three main streets from mediaeval times. It stands about 500 yards (460 m) downstream from Perth Bridge and is 246 feet (75 m) in length.

Queen's Bridge replaced Victoria Bridge, which stood between 1902 and 1958–1959, and was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 10 October 1960. The pier on the bridge's eastern side is a remnant of the previous structure.

The construction of Victoria Bridge required the demolition of Rodney Lodge, which stood in today's Rodney Gardens.
Justin Miller (American football)
Justin Matthew Miller (born February 14, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback and return specialist for six seasons in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Clemson Tigers, he was selected by the New York Jets in the second round of the 2005 NFL draft. He played for the Jets from 2005 to 2008, the Oakland Raiders from 2008 to 2009, the Jets again in 2009, and the Detroit Lions in 2012. He was selected to the Pro Bowl with the Jets in 2006.

2007 Pro Bowl
The 2007 Pro Bowl was the National Football League's all-star game for the 2006 season. The game took place on February 10, 2007, at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii. The game was held on a Saturday instead of the usual Sunday after the Super Bowl because of a request by broadcaster CBS.
The 2007 Pro Bowl marked the 28th consecutive time that the National Football League's all-star game was held in Honolulu. The NFC was coached by Sean Payton of the New Orleans Saints. The AFC was coached by Bill Belichick of the New England Patriots.

AFC quarterback Carson Palmer was selected as the Most Valuable Player of the game. This Pro Bowl is mainly remembered for Sean Taylor's big hit on Buffalo Bills punter Brian Moorman.
François Recanati
François Recanati (born 1952) is a French analytic philosopher and research fellow at the College de France, and at the  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Many of his works focus on the philosophy of language and mind.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Opus Center
Opus Center is a set of four office buildings built in Downtown Seattle. The structures, completed in 2000 or 2001, are four, nine and eleven stories tall, and two of them are constructed on a lid over the underground Chinatown transit station, completed in 1985. Until 2011 it was the headquarters of Amazon.com.

Downtown Seattle
Downtown is the central business district of Seattle, Washington. It is fairly compact compared with other city centers on the U.S. West Coast due to its geographical situation, being hemmed in on the north and east by hills, on the west by Elliott Bay, and on the south by reclaimed land that was once tidal flats. It is bounded on the north by Denny Way, beyond which are Lower Queen Anne (sometimes known as "Uptown"), Seattle Center, and South Lake Union; on the east by Interstate 5, beyond which is Capitol Hill to the northeast and Central District to the east; on the south by S Dearborn Street, beyond which is Sodo; and on the west by Elliott Bay, a part of Puget Sound.
Magnus Fiennes
Magnus Hubert Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes (born 21 November 1965) is an English composer, record producer and songwriter.

He has worked with artists such as Shakira, Pulp, Tom Jones and Morcheeba. In 1997 he produced the million-selling All Saints single "Never Ever", which reached number 4 on the US charts and number 1 throughout Europe; producing and co-writing on their eponymous five million selling album.

He composed and produced much of the two multi-million selling albums from the girl quartet Bond. He has composed several major film scores, numerous commercials and TV series, including many seasons of leading BBC dramas such as Hustle, Murphy's Law, and Death in Paradise. He also created, developed and produced the $20 million animated cartoon series Freefonix.

Morcheeba
Morcheeba are an English electronic band formed in the mid-1990s with founding members brothers Paul and Ross Godfrey who later recruited vocalist Skye Edwards. They mix influences from trip hop, rock, folk rock and downtempo, and have produced ten regular studio albums since 1995, two of which reached the UK top ten. Edwards left the band in 2003, after which the brothers used a number of guest singers before she rejoined in 2010. They recruit additional members for their live performances and have toured internationally. Paul Godfrey distanced himself from the band in 2014. Edwards and Ross Godfrey later formed Skye & Ross and released a self-titled album in September 2016.  Their latest studio album without Paul as Morcheeba, Escape the Chaos, was released in 2025.
Bustaneh, Malekshahi
Bustaneh (Persian: بوستانه, also Romanized as Būstāneh) is a village in Gachi Rural District, Gachi District, Malekshahi County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 474, in 66 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Point Davenport Conservation Park
Point Davenport Conservation Park is a protected area occupying Point Davenpoint, a headland between Foul Bay and Sturt Bay on the south coast of Yorke Peninsula in South Australia about 19.8 kilometres (12.3 miles) south of Warooka.  The park was proclaimed in 1987.  The conservation park is considered to be ‘an area of high biodiversity with a range of habitats including beaches and foredunes, and an estuary that is listed as a nationally important wetland.’  It is classified as an IUCN Category III protected area.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Zhao Keming
Zhao Keming (Chinese: 赵可铭; born ) is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China. He was a representative of the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, and 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 9th National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress.

9th National People's Congress
The 9th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1998 to 2003 across five plenary sessions. It followed the final session of the 8th National People's Congress. There were 2,979 deputies to this Congress.