hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yazathingyan (14th-century minister)
Yazathingyan (Burmese: ရာဇသင်္ကြန်, pronounced [jàza̰ θɪ́ɴdʑàɴ]; also known as Nga Mauk, (ငမောက်; [ŋə maʊʔ]); d. c. October 1400) was a senior court minister under the first three kings of Ava, in what is now Myanmar, from c. 1365 to 1400. He also served as governor of Sagaing at least from 1383 to 1400.

He was the sixth and last husband of Queen Saw Omma, and thus a brother-in-law of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava (r. 1367–1400). He was given Queen Omma as a prize after he successfully put down the 1367 coup attempt by his brother, Commander Nga Nu, and the queen herself. Thirty three years later, it was Yazathingyan who attempted to seize the throne from King Tarabya (r. 1400). This attempt ended when he accidentally drowned en route to a confrontation with Tarabya.

Kingdom of Ava
The Ava Kingdom (Burmese: အင်းဝပြည်, pronounced [ʔɪ́ɰ̃wa̰ kʰɪʔ]; INN-wa pyi) also known as Inwa Kingdom or Kingdom of Ava was the dominant kingdom that ruled upper Burma (Myanmar) from 1365 to 1555. Founded in 1365, the kingdom was the successor state to the petty kingdoms of Myinsaing, Pinya and Sagaing that had ruled central Burma since the collapse of the Pagan Kingdom in the late 13th century.

Like the small kingdoms that preceded it, Ava may have been led by Bamarised Shan kings who claimed descent from the kings of Pagan. Scholars debate that the Shan ethnicity of Avan kings comes from mistranslation, particularly from a record of the Avan kings' ancestors ruling a Shan village in central Burma prior to their rise or prominence.
Dorothy Chacko
Dorothy Dunning Chacko (1904 – December 30, 1992) was an American social worker, humanitarian and medical doctor, whose efforts were reported behind the establishment of a lepers' colony at Bethany village, in Ganaur, Sonepat district in the Indian state of Haryana. She was a Hall of Famer of the County of Delaware, Pennsylvania a recipient of the Take the Lead Honour from the Girl Scouts of Eastern Pennsylvania and the Smith College Medal. She was honoured by the Government of India in 1972 with Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award.

Widener University
Widener University is a private university in Chester, Pennsylvania, United States. Established in 1821, the university was known as the Pennsylvania Military College until 1972. Widener enrolls approximately 3,500 undergraduate students across six colleges and schools. The university also operates two distinct law schools in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and Wilmington, Delaware. Widener is named in honor of Eleanor Elkins Widener.

The university offers associate’s, bachelor’s, master's, and doctoral degrees in a variety of fields across liberal arts, business, and engineering, to nursing and a variety of health and human service professional programs.
Leprosy in Japan
As of 2009, 2,600 former leprosy patients were living in 13 national sanatoriums and 2 private hospitals in Japan. Their mean age is 80 years old. From the Meiji Period (1868–1912) and up until 1996, people diagnosed with leprosy in Japan were notably subjected to discrimination.

Kensuke Mitsuda
Kensuke Mitsuda (光田 健輔, Mitsuda Kensuke; January 12, 1876 – May 14, 1964) was a Japanese leprologist and director of the Tama Zenshoen Sanatorium (1914–1931) and the National Sanatorium Nagashima Aiseien (1931–1957). He had been at the frontier of leprosy policy of Japan. He was given the Order of Cultural Merits (1951) and Damien-Dutton Award (1961). He has been the cause of admiration from one side, and the target of criticism from the other.
Dan Grimm (politician)
Daniel K. Grimm (born April 5, 1949) is an American politician who served as the 20th Washington State Treasurer from 1989 to 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 25th district from 1977 to 1989.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Jandar, Syria
Jandar (Arabic: جندر, also spelled Jendar) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located 30 kilometers south of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Qusayr to the west, Shamsin to the north, Dardaghan to the east and Hisyah to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jandar had a population of 3,423 in the 2004 census.

In 2008, Syria's first sugar refinery was built in Jandar. The refinery was a $100 million joint project between Syrian businessman Najib Assaf, government-owned SugarInvest, multinational Cargill, Brazilian company Crystalsev and the Dubai-based Wellington Group. A natural gas power plant is located in Jandar. The Jandar Resort, the largest resort in the country is also located outside the village on the opposite side of the main highway between Homs and Damascus.

Homs Governorate
Homs Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حمص Muḥāfaẓat Ḥimṣ) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in central Syria. It has 42,226 km2 (16,304 sq mi).It is geographically the largest governorate in Syria. Homs Governorate has a population of 1,763,000 as of 2010. The Homs governorate is divided into six administrative districts (mantiqah), with the city of Homs as a separate district. Homs is the capital city of the district of Homs. Its governor is Namir Habib Makhlouf.
Mustapha Kamel Selmi
Mustapha Kamel Selmi (born 3 July 1965) is a retired Algerian sprinter who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres.

He was born in El-Oued, and represented the club MPA. At the 1987 World Championships he reached the quarter-final of both the 100 metres and the 200 metres. At the 1988 Olympic Games he reached the quarter-final of the 200 metres, but not the 100 metres.

At the 1987 Mediterranean Games he won the 100 metres bronze medal and the 200 metres silver. He won the 200 metres bronze at the 1988 African Championships, and he won two gold medals at the 1986 Maghreb Championships.

His personal best times were 10.34 seconds in the 100 metres and 20.91 seconds in the 200 metres, both achieved in 1987.

1987 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 100 metres
These are the official results of the Men's 100 metres event at the 1987 IAAF World Championships in Rome, Italy. There were a total number of 56 participating athletes, with seven qualifying heats and the final held on Sunday 30 August 1987.

Ben Johnson of Canada initially won the final in a world record time of 9.83 seconds, but he was disqualified by the IAAF on 30 September 1989 after he admitted to the use of performance-enhancing drugs between 1981 and 1988.
Karpov
Karpov (masculine, Russian: Карпов) or Karpova (feminine, Russian: Карпова) is a Russian surname of the Karpov family. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Karpov (1917–1944), Soviet ace, double Hero of the Soviet Union

Andriy Karpov (born 1987), Ukrainian motorcyclist

Anatoly Karpov (born 1951), Russian chess grandmaster, Undisputed World Chess Champion 1975–85, and FIDE World Chess Champion 1993–99

Dmitriy Karpov (born 1981), Kazakhstani athlete, husband of Irina

Elena Karpova (born 1980), Russian basketball player

Irina Karpova (born 1980), Kazakhstani athlete, wife of Dmitriy

Lev Iakovlevich Karpov (1879–1921), Russian Chemist and Bolshevik revolutionary

Sergey Karpov (born 1948), Russian historian

Valeri Karpov (born 1971), Soviet ice hockey player

Vladimir Karpov (1922–2010), Soviet soldier and writer

Vladimir Karpov (politician) (1948–2015), Russian politician

Elena Karpova
Elena Viktorovna Karpova (Russian: Елена Викторовна Карпова) (born 14 June 1980 in Leningrad) is a Russian basketball player.

She was drafted into the WNBA by the Washington Mystics in 2001. She later played for several Russian teams and one in the Czech Republic before ending her basketball career in 2009.

Karpova competed as a power forward for the Russian National Team at the 2004 Summer Olympics, winning the bronze medal.
Sudama, Nepal
Sudama is the ward number ten of the Balara municipality in Sarlahi District in the province two of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the most recent census, it has a population of 3,634 people, of which 100% are Hindus and 0% are Muslims.

The double-decker bridge over the river Manusmara attracts many tourists.
Hindu Temple of Bajrangbali,Brahmbaba,Ram Janki Math

Sudama Hindu Village Just sides of India Nepal Boarder

Balawa Municipality
Balawa (Nepali: बलवा ) is a municipality in Mahottari District in Province No. 2 of Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 11 sections (wards) from previous 11 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 44.07 km2 with a total population of 42,341.
Underground (1970 film)
Underground is a 1970 American war drama film directed by Arthur H. Nadel, written by Ron A. Bishop and Andy Lewis, and starring Robert Goulet, Danielle Gaubert, Lawrence Dobkin, Carl Duering, Joachim Hansen and Roger Delgado. It was released on October 7, 1970, by United Artists.

Carl Duering
Gerald Percy Fox (29 May 1923 – 1 September 2018), better known as Carl Duering, was a German-born British actor whose best-known role is as Dr. Brodsky in Stanley Kubrick's A Clockwork Orange. He died in London in September 2018 at the age of 95.
Bob Dietz
Robert Edward Dietz (December 4, 1917 – May 4, 1999) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball League for the Indianapolis Kautskys for four seasons and averaged 4.6 points per game for his career. He served as a player-coach during the 1946–47 season.

Dietz served in the Navy during World War II. Aside from his playing career, he also coached Butler University's men's basketball and tennis teams, serving as an assistant in basketball and the head coach for tennis.

Butler University
Butler University is a private university in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. Founded in 1855 and named after founder Ovid Butler, the university has over 60 major academic fields of study within six colleges in the arts, business, communication, education, liberal arts and the sciences, and health sciences. It enrolls approximately 5,700 undergraduate and graduate students. Its 295-acre (119 ha) campus is approximately five miles (8.0 km) north of downtown Indianapolis.
CUNYAC men's basketball tournament
The CUNYAC men's basketball tournament is the annual conference basketball championship tournament for the NCAA Division III City University of New York Athletic Conference. The tournament has been held annually since 1966. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The winner receives the CUNYAC's automatic bid to the NCAA Men's Division III Basketball Championship.

Staten Island, with 15 titles, are the most successful program in tournament history.

City University of New York Athletic Conference
The City University of New York Athletic Conference (CUNY Athletic Conference or CUNYAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division III. Its member institutions are all located in New York City and are campuses of the City University of New York. The CUNYAC also has a community college division, affiliated with the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA).
Utah Air National Guard
The Utah Air National Guard (UT ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of Utah, United States. It's a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Utah Army National Guard an element of the Utah National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As state militia units, the units in the Utah Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Utah through the office of the Utah Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Utah Air National Guard is headquartered in Salt Lake City. Maj Gen Daniel D. Boyack is the Commander for both the Utah Army and Air National Guard.

State adjutant general
Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general, who is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia, and any state defense forces. This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces.
Kianawah Ward
Kianawah Ward was a Brisbane City Council ward from 1985 to 1994. It covered the present-day suburbs of Lota, Lytton, Manly, Port of Brisbane, and Wynnum; the majority of  Wynnum West; and parts of Manly West, Ransome Tingalpa, and Wakerley.

The ward was established for the 1985 Brisbane City Council election as part of an increase from 21 to 26 wards. It was created from most of the eastern part of the abolished Waterloo Bay Ward, combined with a small part of Ransome and Wakerley from the retained Carina Ward. It was abolished for the 1994 Brisbane City Council election, and was largely replaced by the Wynnum Manly Ward.

Don Randall of the Labor Party was the only alderman to represent the ward, and had previously represented the Waterloo Bay Ward since 1979. Randall resigned in June 1993 due to poor health, and the ward remained vacant until its abolition at the 1994 election.

Brisbane City Council
Brisbane City Council (BCC, also known as Council) is the local government of the City of Brisbane, the capital city of the Australian state of Queensland. The largest local government in Australia by population, BCC's jurisdiction includes 26 wards and 27 elected councillors covering 1,338 km2 (517 mi2). Brisbane City Council consists of the 26 councillors (elected or appointed to represent wards) and the Lord Mayor of Brisbane (currently Adrian Schrinner) (elected by the city as a whole). By resolution, the council may make local laws (previously known as ordinances). The Lord Mayor is responsible for the key executive functions, such as implementing policies, preparing the budget and directing senior employees. They are supported by the Civic Council (formally the Establishment and Coordination (E&C) Committee), whose members are drawn from the council and each chair one of the standing committees. The council's current CEO is Colin Jensen, supported by EO Ainsley Gold.
Antigraviator
Antigraviator is an anti-gravity racing video game developed by Belgian developer Cybernetic Walrus and published by Iceberg Interactive on June 6, 2018, for Microsoft Windows. It was ported to PlayStation 4 on October 29, 2019, and to Xbox One on May 1, 2020.

Anti-gravity
Anti-gravity is the concept of a force that would exactly oppose the force of gravity. Under the known laws of physics, anti-gravity is impossible except possibly between matter and antimatter. Experimental measurements rule out repulsion between antihydrogen and the mass of the Earth.

Anti-gravity does not refer to either the lack of weight under gravity experienced in free fall or orbit, or to balancing the force of gravity with some other force, such as electromagnetism, aerodynamic lift, or ion-propelled "lifters", which fly in the air by moving air with electromagnetic fields.

Anti-gravity is a recurring concept in science fiction.
Adaptive transmission control
Adaptive transmission control is an automotive technology that continuously adjusts the behavior of an automatic transmission in response to driving conditions, driver input, and vehicle load. Rather than relying on fixed shift patterns, an adaptive transmission control system evaluates real-time data—such as throttle position, acceleration rate, braking intensity, terrain, and vehicle load—to optimize shift timing, shift firmness, and gear selection.

Adaptive shift systems are widely used in modern automatic, dual-clutch (DCT), and continuously variable transmissions (CVTs). Manufacturers employ adaptive logic to improve fuel economy, reduce wear, and enhance performance and drivability.

Brake
A brake is a mechanical device that inhibits motion by absorbing energy from a moving system. It is used for slowing or stopping a moving vehicle, wheel, axle, or to prevent its motion, most often accomplished by means of friction.
Leverock
Leverock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dante Leverock (born 1992), Bermudian footballer

Dwayne Leverock (born 1971), Bermudian cricketer

Kamau Leverock (born 1994), Bermudian cricketer, nephew of Dwayne

Dwayne Leverock
Russell Dwayne Mark Leverock (born 14 July 1971) is a Bermudian former cricketer. He also served as a policeman and prison van driver. He was popularly nicknamed by his teammates as "Sluggo" during his playing days.

Living above an Indian restaurant in Bermuda, Leverock worked as a jailer during his time on the team. At the 2007 Cricket World Cup he was the largest player to grace the pitch, weighing in at 20 stone (280 pounds or 127 kg). However he is not regarded as the heaviest man to ever play international cricket. West Indies right-arm off-break bowler Rahkeem Cornwall weighs over 140 kg and Warwick Armstrong weighed about 22 stone. Leverock's most memorable moment came during the group stage match against India, where he took a one-handed stunning, diving catch which became one of the talking points during the tournament and was praised globally. His catch at 2007 Cricket World Cup is regarded as one of the greatest catches of all time.
American Institute of Iranian Studies
The American Institute of Iranian Studies (AIIrS) is a non-profit consortium of US universities and museums, founded in 1967, for the purpose of promoting Iranian and Persian studies. AIIrS facilitates academic and cultural exchange  between the US and Iran and is dedicated to supporting scholars and funding research in Iranian studies.  It represents American institutions of higher education and research in Iranian studies and furthers the field in the US curriculum.

The institute is a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Requirements Office
The Requirements Office (RO) was a sub rosa Military Assistance Advisory Group set up during the Laotian Civil War. It was established in September 1962 in the United States embassy in Laos, as a replacement for a similar preceding unit, the Programs Evaluation Office (PEO). The RO's role was furnishing the Royal Lao Army with munitions and supplies to support their war effort against the People's Army of Vietnam. The RO would eventually be absorbed into the Defense Attachés Office on 8 August 1973.

Sub rosa
Sub rosa (Neo-Latin for "under [the] rose") is a Latin phrase which denotes secrecy or confidentiality. The rose has an ancient history as a symbol of secrecy.  Its opposite term is sub vino, meaning "under [the grape]vine", referring to being loose-lipped whilst under the influence of alcohol.
Arabella Valpy
Arabella Valpy (1833 – 18 January 1910) was one of six children of William Henry Valpy and Caroline Valpy (born Jeffreys), a pioneer family that emigrated from Britain to Dunedin, New Zealand, in January 1849 aboard the Ajax. Arabella was born in West Bengal, India, where her father was a judge.

Valpy is remembered for inviting General William Booth to New Zealand to introduce The Salvation Army to the colony. She wrote to him in April 1882, including a bank draft for two hundred pounds to cover costs, and in November 1882 two officers were sent to New Zealand to found the Salvation Army.

She established the Band of Hope Coffee Rooms with her sisters Ellen Penelope Jeffreys and Catherine Valpy and also used her own money to hire a building in Dunedin for a Sailors' Coffee Room, which she ran herself.

Valpy supported the passing of the Electoral Act 1893, which extended suffrage to women and signed the petition to Parliament asking for the vote to be extended to women.

William Booth
William Booth (10 April 1829 – 20 August 1912) was an English Methodist preacher who, along with his wife, Catherine, founded the Salvation Army and became its first General (1878–1912). This Christian movement, founded in 1865, has a quasi-military structure and government and has spread from London to many parts of the world. It is one of the largest distributors of humanitarian aid.
Iterated integral
In multivariable calculus, an iterated integral is the result of applying integrals to a function of more than one variable (for example  or ) in such a way that each of the integrals considers some of the variables as given constants. For example, the function , if  is considered a given parameter, can be integrated with respect to , . The result is a function of  and therefore its integral can be considered. If this is done, the result is the iterated integral

The alternative notation for iterated integrals

is also used.

In the notation that uses parentheses, iterated integrals are computed following the operational order indicated by the parentheses starting from the most inner integral outside. In the alternative notation, writing , the innermost integrand is computed first.

Multivariable calculus
Multivariable calculus (also known as multivariate calculus) is the extension of calculus in one variable to functions of several variables: the differentiation and integration of functions involving multiple variables (multivariate), rather than just one.

Multivariable calculus may be thought of as an elementary part of calculus on Euclidean space. The special case of calculus in three dimensional space is often called vector calculus.
Andriy Toptun
Andriy Toptun or Andrii Toptun (Ukrainian: Андрій Топтун; born 31 December 1980) is a Ukrainian marathon runner. He has won the Moscow Marathon, Philadelphia Marathon, Regensburg Marathon and Nürburgring-Lauf. He has also been runner-up at the Düsseldorf Marathon, California International Marathon, and the Moscow International Peace Marathon. He has represented Ukraine three times at the European Mountain Running Championships.

He won the 2008 Green Bay Marathon, finishing with the time of 2:22:51.

California International Marathon
The California International Marathon (CIM) is an annual road marathon (42.195 km (26.219 mi)) held in Northern California since 1983.  The net downhill course starts at Folsom Dam and ends at the State Capitol in Sacramento.  The race is organized by the Sacramento Running Association.

With just under 10,000 finishers, it is one of the ten largest marathons in the United States.