hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Namhkam, Shan State
Namhkam (Burmese: နမ့်ခမ်းမြို့; Shan: ၼမ်ႉၶမ်း; Tai Nüa: ᥘᥛᥳ ᥑᥛᥰ), also spelled Nam Kham is the principal town of Namhkam Township in northern Shan State, Myanmar, situated on the southern bank of the Shweli River near the border with Yunnan Province, China.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
Mojmir I of Moravia
Mojmir I, Moimir I or Moymir I (Latin: Moimarus, Moymarus; Czech and Slovak: Mojmír I.) was the first known ruler of the Moravian Slavs (820s/830s–846) and eponym of the House of Mojmir. In modern scholarship, the creation of the early medieval state known as Great Moravia is attributed either to his or to his successors' expansionist policy. He was deposed in 846 by Louis the German, king of East Francia. The fate of Mojmir I after his deposal in 846 remains unclear.

East Francia
East Francia (Latin: Francia orientalis) or the Kingdom of the East Franks (Regnum Francorum orientalium) was a successor state of the Carolingian Empire ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911. It was established through the 843 Treaty of Verdun which divided the former kingdom of Francia into three kingdoms: Francia Orientalis (the East Frankish kingdom); Francia Media (the Middle Frankish kingdom); and Francia Occidentalis (the West Frankish kingdom).

The east–west division with the Treaty of Verdun, enforced by the Germanic-Latin language split, "gradually hardened into the establishment of separate kingdoms", with East Francia becoming (or being) the Kingdom of Germany, and West Francia becoming the Kingdom of France.
Henry Mace
Henry Mace (4 June 1837 – 19 July 1902) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Wellington in the 1877–78 season.

Harry Mace was born in England, at Bedale in Yorkshire, in 1837 and educated at Bedale School. Along with his older brothers John and Christopher Mace, he emigrated, first to the Colony of Victoria in Australia and then, in the early 1860s, to New Zealand during the Otago gold rush—Harry travelling first to New Zealand in 1861. Christopher and Harry established a partnership to mine on the Arrow River in Northern Otago and the settlement of Macetown there is named after the three brothers. The partnership was dissolved in 1865, although Christopher stayed in the area, mining with Richard Canovan.

Harry Mace later developed a business as a manufacturer of cordial. He died in 1902 at New Brighton in Christchurch aged 65 of rheumatic fever.

Otago gold rush
The Otago gold rush (often called the Central Otago gold rush) was a gold rush that occurred during the 1860s in Central Otago, New Zealand. This was the country's biggest gold strike, and led to a rapid influx of foreign miners to the area – many of them veterans of other hunts for the precious metal in California and Victoria, Australia. The number of miners reached its maximum of 18,000 in February 1864.

The rush started at Gabriel's Gully but spread throughout much of Central Otago, leading to the rapid expansion and commercialisation of the new colonial settlement of Dunedin, which quickly grew to be New Zealand's largest city. Only a few years later, most of the smaller new settlements were deserted, and gold extraction became more long-term, industrialised-mechanical process.
Mathematics Made Difficult
Mathematics Made Difficult is a book by Carl E. Linderholm that uses advanced mathematical methods to prove results normally shown using elementary proofs.  Although the aim is largely satirical, it also shows the non-trivial mathematics behind operations normally considered obvious, such as numbering, counting, and factoring integers. Linderholm discusses these seemingly obvious ideas using concepts like categories and monoids.

As an example, the proof that 2 is a prime number starts:

It is easily seen that the only numbers between 0 and 2, including 0 but excluding 2, are 0 and 1.  Thus the remainder left by any number on division by 2 is either 0 or 1.  Hence the quotient ring Z/2Z, where 2Z is the ideal in Z generated by 2, has only the elements [0] and [1], where these are the images of 0 and 1 under the canonical quotient map.  Since [1] must be the unit of this ring, every element of this ring except [0] is a unit, and the ring is a field ...

Quotient space (topology)
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the quotient space of a topological space under a given equivalence relation is a new topological space constructed by endowing the quotient set of the original topological space with the quotient topology, that is, with the finest topology that makes continuous the canonical projection map (the function that maps points to their equivalence classes). In other words, a subset of a quotient space is open if and only if its preimage under the canonical projection map is open in the original topological space.

Intuitively speaking, the points of each equivalence class are identified or "glued together" for forming a new topological space. For example, identifying the points of a sphere that belong to the same diameter produces the projective plane as a quotient space.
Davy and Kristin McGuire
Davy McGuire and Kristin McGuire, co-directors of Studio McGuire, are British multimedia artists. They create experiential artworks within the mediums of projection mapping, theatre, fine art, animation, moving image, art installations, video games and immersive technologies.

Shoreditch Town Hall
Shoreditch Town Hall is an independent cultural, live events and community space in Shoreditch, London. The building, which previously served as the headquarters of the Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, is a Grade II listed building.
Perpetuum Mobile (album)
Perpetuum Mobile is the ninth full-length studio album by the industrial band Einstürzende Neubauten. It was released in 2004 on Mute Records. The album is an offshoot of the band's first fans-only recording experiment, and was released in part to facilitate a world tour.

Mute Records
Mute Records is a British independent record label owned and founded in 1978 by Daniel Miller. It has featured several prominent musical acts on its roster such as Depeche Mode, Erasure, Einstürzende Neubauten, Fad Gadget, Goldfrapp, Grinderman, Arca, Inspiral Carpets, Moby, New Order, Laibach, Nitzer Ebb, Yann Tiersen, Wire, Yeasayer, Fever Ray, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, Yazoo, and M83.
Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man
The Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man (German: Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen) is a non-fiction work by the German author Thomas Mann published in 1918. Unlike his brother Heinrich, Thomas Mann supported the German war effort during World War I. The book, which runs to almost six hundred pages, defends the authoritarianism and "culture" of Germany against the "civilization" of the West. It served to justify and distinguish his conservative political stance from that of his more liberally oriented brother.

Christopher Beha
Christopher Beha is an American writer. He was the editor-in-chief of Harper’s Magazine from October 2019 to October 2023. His third novel, The Index of Self-Destructive Acts, was long-listed for the 2020 National Book Award in Fiction.
2012 European Rowing Championships
The 2012 European Rowing Championships is the sixth edition of the European Rowing Championships, since they were reinstated by decision of FISA in 2006. The event was held in Varese, Italy, between 14 and 16 September 2012.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.
Bruno Ertz
Bruno Ertz (1873–1956) was an American painter. Born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, he opened a studio in Milwaukee. His work is in the collections of the Charles Allis Art Museum, the Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, the Museum of Wisconsin Art, and the Rahr West Art Museum.

Rahr West Art Museum
The Rahr–West Art Museum is an art museum in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. It is located in the  Joseph Vilas Jr. House, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The house is a significant example of Queen Anne style architecture in the United States.
Gurbanli
Gurbanli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aisha Gurbanli (born 1993), Azerbaijani judoka

Asiman Gurbanli (born 1992), Azerbaijani karateka

Mubariz Gurbanli, Azerbaijani politician

Orkhan Gurbanli (born 1995), Azerbaijani footballer

Zaur Gurbanli (born 1987), Azerbaijani youth activist

Aisha Gurbanli
Aisha Gurbani (born 28 April 1993), also spelled Ayşə Qurbanlı, is an Azerbaijani judoka.

She represented Azerbaijan at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She competed in the women's 48 kg event, where she lost to Portugal's Katarina Costa in the 1/16 finals.
Me, Myself and My Dead Wife
Me, Myself and My Dead Wife (Spanish: Yo, mi mujer y mi mujer muerta) is a 2019 Spanish-Argentine comedy-drama film directed by Santi Amodeo from a screenplay he wrote in collaboration with Rafael Cobos. It stars Oscar Martínez alongside Ingrid García-Jonsson and Carlos Areces.

Carlos Areces
Carlos Areces Maqueda (born 27 March 1976) is a Spanish actor, singer, and comics artist. He has performed in a number of television shows and in more than twenty films since 2002. He formed the musical duo Ojete Calor together with Aníbal Gómez.
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
The Kansas Department of Health and Environment is a state agency in Kansas, responsible for the state's public health system, vital and medical records, and environmental sustainability. The department is also responsible for administering the state's Medicaid program, KanCare, in partnership with the Kansas Department of Aging and Disability Services.

Vital record
Vital records are records of life events kept under governmental authority, including birth certificates, marriage licenses (or marriage certificates), separation agreements, divorce certificates or divorce party and death certificates. In some jurisdictions, vital records may also include records of civil unions or domestic partnerships.
Victor Costache
Victor Sebastian Costache (born 18 March 1974) was the Minister of Health of Romania from 4 November 2019 to 26 March 2020 when he resigned in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania. He was succeeded as Minister of Health by Nelu Tătaru.

Born in Iași, he studied from 1992 at the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in the city, graduating in 1999 with an MD degree from the Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy. He did his residency in Romania and France, with specialization in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery. After working for over 10 years in hospitals in France, Great Britain, Denmark, Scotland, Germany, Quebec, and the United States, Costache decided to return to Romania in 2014, becoming an associate professor at the Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu.

Since 2015 he is president of the Cardiovascular Surgery Commission at the Ministry of Health. He is also a member of the French Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.

Government of Romania
The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) forms one half of the executive branch of the government of Romania (the other half being the office of the President of Romania). It is headed by the Prime Minister of Romania, and consists of the ministries, various subordinate institutions and agencies, and the 42 prefectures. The seat of the Romanian Government is at Victoria Palace in Bucharest.

The Government is the public authority of executive power that functions on the basis of the vote of confidence granted by Parliament, ensuring the achievement of the country's domestic and foreign policy and that exercises the general leadership of public administration. The Government is appointed by the President of Romania on the basis of the vote of confidence granted to the Government by the Parliament of Romania.
The Hardest Part
The Hardest Part can refer to:

The Hardest Part (Allison Moorer album), an album by Allison Moorer released in 2000

The Hardest Part (Noah Cyrus album), an album by Noah Cyrus released in 2022

"The Hardest Part" (Blondie song), 1980

"The Hardest Part" (Coldplay song), 2006

"The Hardest Part" (Olivia Dean song), 2020

"The Hardest Part", a song by Nina Nesbitt from her 2014 album Peroxide

"The Hardest Part", a song by Erasure from their 1988 EP Crackers International

Peroxide (Nina Nesbitt album)
Peroxide is the debut studio album by the Scottish singer-songwriter Nina Nesbitt. The album features new material and old songs from her past EPs. It was released on 17 February 2014. After the release of the album, Nesbitt embarked on a 3-show tour including Manchester, London, and her hometown of Edinburgh. The album was produced by Nesbitt with Jake Gosling and Iain Archer.

Despite being at number one on Wednesday's mid-week chart, with a small lead, following the Brit Awards that night giving coverage to other bands and singers, including Arctic Monkeys and Bastille, it only reached number 11 on the album chart on Sunday, 23 February. However, in Nesbitt's native Scotland, the album entered at number one on the Scottish Albums Chart, selling 45% more than its nearest competitor.
2019–20 Al Hilal SFC season
The 2019–20 season was Al-Hilal's 44th consecutive season in the top flight of Saudi football and 62nd year in existence as a football club. The club participated in the Pro League, the King Cup and both the 2019 and the 2020 editions of the AFC Champions League. Al-Hilal also competed in the FIFA Club World Cup following their triumph in the 2019 AFC Champions League final. The season covers the period from 1 July 2019 to 29 November 2020. In this season, Al Hilal became the first Asian club to complete a continental treble since Tokyo Verdy in 1987.

Shabab Al Ahli Club
Shabab Al-Ahli Club (Arabic: نادي شباب الأهلي, romanized: nādī šabāb al-ʿahlī, lit. 'National Youth Club') is an Emirati professional football club based in Dubai, that currently plays in the UAE Pro League. It is one of the most successful clubs in the UAE.

Al-Ahli FC has won 9 league titles, 11 UAE President Cup titles, 5 ADIB cup titles, 7 UAE super Cup titles, 1 combined league. 1 Emirati-Moroccan Super Cup,1 Qatar–UAE Super Shield, 1 Qatar–UAE Challenge Shield, for a total of 36 titles, making them the second most successful team in the UAE and the most successful team in Dubai. In the latest ranking by the IFFHS, Shabab Al Ahli was ranked the 7th best club in Asia and 110th in the world.

In 2017, the Dubai CSC and Al Shabab merged within Al Ahli, at which point the club renamed itself to Shabab Al Ahli.
Sanna Sillanpää
Sanna Riitta Liisa Sillanpää (born 15 April 1968) is a Finnish woman who shot three men to death with a rented 9mm Beretta 92FS semi-automatic pistol on 21 February 1999 in a shooting range in Albertinkatu, Helsinki, and wounded another man, who received lifetime injuries. One man present was not harmed. One of the dead was the shooting club's 23-year-old supervisor.

As Sillanpää was leaving the club, she said: "This is what they taught us at the FBI academy, isn't it?". She then traveled from the Helsinki center to the Helsinki-Vantaa Airport in a city bus, carrying a gun and ammunition. At the airport, she was trying to buy a ticket to "somewhere". Sillanpää was caught after four hours as she was boarding an airplane to London. Before boarding the plane she left the gun in a trash can in the airport terminal. It was discovered by a cleaner.

9×19mm Parabellum
The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge.

Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive availability.

Since the cartridge was designed for the Luger semi-automatic pistol, it has been given the designation of 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) and the Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (CIP).

A 2007 US survey concluded that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mm [Parabellum]" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers.
Jaan Nuut
Jaan Nuut (born 1874 in Tori Parish, Kreis Pernau) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of II Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu since 24 November 1924. He replaced Hans Mitt. On 24 April 1925, he resigned his position and he was replaced by Peeter Järve.

2nd Riigikogu
The 2nd Riigikogu was the second legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). It was elected in the 1923 elections, held on 5–7 May 1923, and sat from 31 May 1923 until 14 June 1926, before the next elections took place.
Harry Elmer Barnes
Harry Elmer Barnes (June 15, 1889 – August 25, 1968) was an American historian who, in his later years, was known for his historical revisionism and Holocaust denial.

After receiving a PhD at Columbia University in 1918 Barnes became a professor of history at Clark University before moving to Smith College as a professor of historical sociology in 1923. In 1929 he left teaching to work as a journalist, freelance writer and occasional adjunct professor at smaller schools. In 1919–20 and between 1923 and 1937 he lectured regularly at the New School for Social Research. Through his prodigious scholarly output, Barnes was once highly regarded as a historian. By the 1950s, however, he had lost credibility and became a "professional pariah".

Barnes published more than 30 books, 100 essays, and 600 articles and book reviews, many for the Council on Foreign Relations journal Foreign Affairs, where he served as Bibliographical Editor.

Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG) was an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) that was part of ABC-Clio. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints, including GPG, are collectively imprints of British publishing house Bloomsbury Publishing. The Greenwood name stopped being used for new books in 2023.

Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc., and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG published reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint; and scholarly, professional, and general-interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (/ˈpreɪɡər/). Also part of GPG was Libraries Unlimited, which published professional works for librarians and teachers. Both of the latter became stand-alone imprints of ABC-Clio, in 2008–2009, after its purchase of GPG.
Aurea of Paris
Aurea of Paris (died 666; French: Sainte Aure), venerated as Saint Aurea of Paris, was an abbess of Saint Martial in Paris in the seventh century. Dagobert I and Clovis II ruled at the time. Her feast day before the Great East-West Schism of 1054 was universally 4 October, and remains so in the Orthodox Church. The Orthodox Church does not recognise any post-Schism Catholics as saints. The Catholic celebration of her feast was transferred to 5 October following their veneration of St Francis of Assisi.

Clovis II
Clovis II (633 – 657) was King of the Franks in Neustria and Burgundy, having succeeded his father Dagobert I in 639. His brother Sigebert III had been King of Austrasia since 634. He was initially under the regency of his mother Nanthild until her death in her early thirties in 642. Nanthild's death allowed Clovis to fall under the influence of the secular magnates, who reduced the royal power in their own favour; first Aega and then Erchinoald. The Burgundian mayor of the palace Flaochad used him to lure his rival, Willebad, to a battle in Autun, in which Willebad was killed.
Growing Artichokes in Mimongo
Growing Artichokes in Mimongo (Italian: Cresceranno i carciofi a Mimongo) is a 1996 Italian independent comedy film directed by Fulvio Ottaviano, his debut feature.

For this film Ottaviano won a David di Donatello for best new director.

David di Donatello for Best Directorial Debut
The David di Donatello for Best Directorial Debut (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior esordio alla regia), known as the David di Donatello per il miglior regista esordiente prior to 2023, is a film award presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the outstanding feature-film directorial debut of a film director who has worked within the Italian film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. The award was first handled out in 1982.

Nominees and winners are selected via runoff voting by all members of the Accademia.
NZ Performance Car TV
NZ Performance Car TV is a free-to-air television program that ran for eight series, produced in-house by Parkside Media. It has had airtime on TV ONE, TV2, TV3, Prime TV and Sky Sport 1-3, often with several networks simultaneously which was unique in its genre. Each series consisted of 13 episodes. Two series were screened per year. It was also available via TVNZ ondemand.

Sky (New Zealand)
Sky Network Television Limited, more commonly known as Sky, is a New Zealand broadcasting company that provides pay television services via satellite, media streaming services, and broadband internet services. As of 30 June 2025, Sky had 914,368 residential television subscribers consisting of 448,290 satellite subscribers and 409,582 streaming subscribers. Additionally, Sky had 50,867 broadband customers. It also provides free-to-air services through its subsidiary Sky Free, which it acquired from Warner Bros. Discovery on 1 August 2025. Despite the similarity of name, branding and services, such as Sky Go and MySky shared with its Comcast-owned, European equivalent, Sky Group, there is no connection between the companies.