hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pursuit of Nazi collaborators
After World War II, individuals who collaborated with the Nazi regime during the war were pursued and apprehended.  This article does not cover former members of the Nazi Party — who were not citizens of the Third Reich at the outbreak of World War II — and their fates after the war.

Trial in absentia
Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person being tried is not present. In absentia is Latin for "in (the) absence". Its interpretation varies by jurisdiction and legal system.

In common law legal systems, the phrase is more than a spatial description. In these systems, it suggests a recognition of a violation of a defendant's right to be present in court proceedings in a criminal trial. Conviction in a trial in which a defendant is not present to answer the charges is held to be a violation of natural justice. Specifically, it violates the second principle of natural justice, audi alteram partem (hear the other party).

In some civil law legal systems, such as that of Italy, absentia is a recognized and accepted defense strategy. Such trials may require the presence of the defendant's lawyer, depending on the country.
Surrender (Maggie Rogers album)
Surrender is the second studio album by American indie pop singer-songwriter Maggie Rogers, released on July 29, 2022, by Debay Sounds and Capitol Records. It follows the release of her debut studio album, Heard It in a Past Life (2019).

The album features a couple of contributions from notable singers. The track "Shatter" features Florence Welch of Florence and the Machine providing additional vocals and playing tambourine, and "I've Got a Friend" features Clairo and Claud speaking.

The trailer for the Netflix series XO, Kitty featured "Want Want" from this album.

Florence Welch
Florence Leontine Mary Welch (born 28 August 1986) is an English singer and songwriter. She is the lead vocalist and primary songwriter of the indie rock band Florence and the Machine. The band's debut studio album, Lungs (2009), topped the UK Albums Chart and won the Brit Award for Best British Album. Their next five albums also achieved chart success. In 2018, Welch released a book titled Useless Magic, a collection of lyrics and poems written by her, along with illustrations.
Mangakino Stream
The Mangakino Stream is a tributary of the Waikato River. It flows into Lake Maraetai just upstream of the Mangakino township.

The Mangakino Stream is approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) in length.

The stream was once known as Mangakino River. By 1949 both names were in use.

Mangakino
Mangakino is a small town on the banks of the Waikato River in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located close to the hydroelectric power station at Lake Maraetai, 85 kilometres (53 mi) southeast of Hamilton. The town and its infrastructure are administered as the Mangakino Pouakani ward by the Taupō District Council.
Desert Camouflage Uniform
The Desert Camouflage Uniform (DCU) is an arid-environment camouflage uniform that was used by the United States Armed Forces from the early-1990s to the early 2010s. In terms of pattern and textile cut, it is identical to the U.S. military's Battle Dress Uniform (BDU) uniform, but features a three-color desert camouflage pattern of dark brown, pale olive green (which is reported to look mint-colored on 1989/90 pattern DCUs), and beige, as opposed to the four-color woodland pattern of the BDU. It replaced the previous Desert Battle Dress Uniform (DBDU) which featured a six-color "chocolate chip" pattern of beige, pale olive green, two tones of brown, and black and white rock spots. Although completely phased out of frontline use in the U.S. Armed Forces, some pieces and equipment printed in the DCU camouflage pattern are used in limited numbers such as MOPP suits and/or vests.

Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform
The Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform (MCCUU) is the current battledress uniform of the United States Marine Corps. It is also worn by Navy personnel (mostly corpsmen, Seabees, chaplains, and  their bodyguards) assigned to Marine Corps units (e.g. the Fleet Marine Force).

It replaced the Battle Dress Uniform, which the Marine Corps had shared with the Navy, Army and Air Force. However, both the MCCUU, and its distinctive camouflage pattern, MARPAT, are exclusive to the Marine Corps, which holds the patents to their design. The uniform is available in two color schemes, woodland and desert. The MCCUU should not be confused with the similar looking FROG uniform.
Ghulam Mohiyuddin Gilani
Peer Syed Ghulam Mohiyuddin Gilani (December 1891 - 22 June 1974), commonly called Babuji, was a Sufi scholar from Golra Sharif, Pakistan, belonging to the Chishti order. He was the son of Peer Meher Ali Shah and served as the sajjada nashin of the Golra Sharif shrine from 1937 to 1974.

Mohyeddin
Mohyeddin is an Arabic name meaning "Reviver of Dīn". It is used both as a personal name for males and as an honorific title in the Islamic tradition. Several notable figures, including scholars, philosophers, and theologians throughout Islamic history, have been known by this name.
Five Star Final (play)
Five Star Final is a play written by Louis Weitzenkorn. The story is a melodrama about the evils of tabloid journalism. Producer A. H. Woods staged it on Broadway, where it was a hit, running for 175 performances.

Tabloid journalism
Tabloid journalism is a popular style of largely sensationalist journalism, which takes its name from the tabloid newspaper format: a small-sized newspaper also known as a half broadsheet. The size became associated with sensationalism, and tabloid journalism replaced the earlier label of yellow journalism and scandal sheets.: 73  Not all newspapers associated with tabloid journalism are tabloid size, and not all tabloid-size newspapers engage in tabloid journalism; since around the year 2000, many broadsheet newspapers converted to the more compact tabloid format.

In some cases, celebrities have successfully sued tabloids for libel, demonstrating that the tabloid's stories have defamed them. Publications engaging in tabloid journalism are also known as rag newspapers or simply rags. In the 21st century, tabloid journalism has shifted to online platforms targeting youth consumers with celebrity news and entertainment.
1948 United States Virgin Islands referendum
A referendum on councils and treasury was held in the United States Virgin Islands on 2 November 1948. Governor William H. Hastie had requested the local parliament to draw up six referendum questions.  While this referendum was held alongside elections, turnout was only 60% that of the general election.

William H. Hastie
William Henry Hastie Jr. (November 17, 1904 – April 14, 1976) was an American lawyer, judge, educator, public official, and civil rights advocate. He was the first African American to serve as Governor of the United States Virgin Islands, as a federal judge, and as a federal appellate judge. He served as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and previously served as District Judge of the District Court of the Virgin Islands.
Behrooz v Secretary of the Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs
Behrooz v Secretary of the Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, is a decision of the High Court of Australia regarding the detention of asylum seekers in Australia. A 6-1 majority of the Court (Justice Michael Kirby dissenting) held that even if the conditions of immigration detention are harsh, such conditions do not render the detention unlawful.

Michael Kirby (judge)
Michael Donald Kirby (born 18 March 1939) is an Australian jurist and academic who is a former Justice of the High Court of Australia, serving from 1996 to 2009. He has remained active in retirement; in May 2013 he was appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council to lead an inquiry into human rights abuses in North Korea, which reported in February 2014.
Ballabhgarh
Ballabgarh, officially Balramgarh, is a large town, nearby Faridabad city and a tehsil (subdistrict) in Faridabad district of Haryana, India, and is part of the Delhi National Capital Region or Delhi NCR.

The town was founded by Raja Balram Singh, in 1739, who also built the Nahar Singh Mahal palace in the same year. Raja Nahar Singh (1823–1858) was the last king of the princely state. He was executed for taking part in the 1857 war of independence in 1858. The town of Ballabhgarh is only 17 miles (27 km) from Delhi, and today lies on the National Highway 19, a major portion of historical Grand Trunk Road. It is connected to Faridabad and south-east Delhi by the Delhi Metro. Ballabhgarh is the fourth city in Haryana to get metro connectivity after Gurgaon, Faridabad and Bahadurgarh.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
2012 Panasonic Gobel Awards
The 15th Annual Panasonic Gobel Awards honoring the favorite in Indonesian television programming/production work/individual, was held on March 27, 2012, at the Djakarta Theater XXI in Jalan M.H. Thamrin, Menteng, Central Jakarta. Both of presenter Choky Sitohang and Fenita Arie was hosting for the ceremony awards. The 2012 edition of the Panasonic Gobel Awards was themed for "Yang Muda Yang Menginspirasi" (en: Inspiring Young).

The awards featured some of Indonesia's best singers such as Ungu, Kotak, Princess, Mulan Jameela and many more. The performers, both singers and nominee readers wore formal clothes designed by Indonesia's best designers and the evening peak of 2012 awards ceremony was broadcast live by TV stations under MNC Group, such as RCTI, MNCTV, and Global TV.

GTV (Indonesian TV network)
PT Global Informasi Bermutu, operating as GTV,  which is an initialism derived from its previous name, Global TV, is an Indonesian free-to-air television network. It was launched on 8 October 2002. Originally a music television channel as MTV broadcaster in Indonesia and Asia, it was one of the first television network in the world to broadcast MTV for 24 hours a day free-to-air over UHF. GTV shifted its focus to general entertainment programming targeting young adults. Currently, the broadcaster airs news, sports, soap opera, reality and game shows, along with Nickelodeon animation series and anime, making up its programming schedule. It is owned by Media Nusantara Citra (MNC), which also owns RCTI, MNCTV and iNews.
Battle of Torran-Roy
The Battle of Torran-Roy was a Scottish clan battle that took place in the year 1570 in the county of Sutherland, Scotland. It was fought between the forces of Alexander Gordon, 12th Earl of Sutherland (chief of Clan Sutherland) and the forces of George Sinclair, 4th Earl of Caithness (chief of the Clan Sinclair). The Earl of Sutherland's force consisted primarily of the Murrays (or Morays) of Aberscross who despite their name were not part of the Clan Murray in Atholl, but who were a sept of the Clan Sutherland, and who as the principal vassals of the Earl of Sutherland, were charged with the defense of the shire. The Earl of Caithness's forces consisted primarily of followers of Alexander Sutherland, 8th of Duffus who was a descendant of the old Sutherland Earls of Sutherland who had been ousted and replaced by the Gordons as earls in the early 16th-century.

Atholl
Atholl or Athole (Scottish Gaelic: Athall) is a district in the heart of the Scottish Highlands, bordering (in clockwise order, from north-east) Marr, Gowrie, Perth, Strathearn, Breadalbane, Lochaber, and Badenoch. Historically it was a Pictish kingdom, becoming one of the original provinces of the Kingdom of Alba before being incorporated into the sheriffdom and later county of Perthshire. Today it forms the northern part of Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
Bragg Creek Provincial Park
Bragg Creek Provincial Park is a Canadian provincial park in Alberta's Rocky Mountains at the eastern edge of Kananaskis Country.  This park is located near the Elbow River and includes facilities for picnicking, hiking, and fishing.

CBC's television series North of 60 featured this provincial park as part of its principal filming photography.

This park lies at the intersection of Cowboy Trail and Highway 66, south of Bragg Creek in Rocky View County.

Elbow River
The Elbow River is a river in southern Alberta, Canada. It flows from the Canadian Rockies to the city of Calgary, where it merges into the Bow River. Its name is derived from the elbow-like turn the river takes before it joins the Bow.
Albert K. Bender
Albert K. Bender (June 16, 1921 – March 29, 2016), author of the 1962 nonfiction book Flying Saucers and the Three Men, was a ufologist. He served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. He was obsessed with the UFO phenomenon and became a UFO researcher, founding the International Flying Saucer Bureau. In 1965, he founded the Max Steiner Music Society, dedicated to the eponymous composer.

Ufology
Ufology, sometimes written UFOlogy (US: /juːˈfɑːlədʒi/ or UK: /juːˈfɒlədʒi/), is the investigation of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) by people who believe that they may be of extraordinary origins (most frequently of extraterrestrial alien visitors). While there are instances of government, private, and fringe science investigations of UFOs, ufology is generally regarded by skeptics and science educators as an example of pseudoscience.
Peter Forsskål
Peter Forsskål, sometimes spelled Pehr Forsskål, Peter Forskaol, Petrus Forskål or Pehr Forsskåhl (11 January 1732 – 11 July 1763) was a Swedish explorer, orientalist, naturalist, and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Beary
The Beary (also known as Byari) are a community concentrated along the southwest coast of India, mostly in the Mangalore district of the south Indian state of Karnataka.

The Beary community of Tulunadu is among the earliest Muslim inhabitants of India, with a clear history of more than 950 years.

Barkur
Barkur (also spelt Barcoor) is an area in the Brahmavara taluk, Udupi district of Karnataka state in India, comprising three villages, Hosala, Hanehalli, and Kachoor. The area is located on the bank of River Seetha. It is also referred to as a "temple town".

Barkur is located 16 km from Udupi, another ancient city, and 3 km from Brahmavara, a taluk of Udupi. The Seetha River flows through Barkur and joins the Arabian Sea.
Lynching of Robert S. Maynard
Robert S. Maynard was a 21-year-old American man from Illinois who was lynched in Jacksonville, Oregon, in May 1852 as a result of his murder of J. C. Platt. As Maynard was extrajudicially killed by hanging, this was the first recorded hanging and first recorded lynching in Southern Oregon, where no courts had yet been appointed.

Jacksonville Historic District (Jacksonville, Oregon)
The Jacksonville Historic District encompasses the historic core of the 19th-century mining town of Jacksonville, Oregon.  The city was a major mining, civic, and commercial center from 1852 to 1884, and declined thereafter, leaving a little-altered assemblage of architecture from that period. The district was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1966.
The Reel
The Reel is an album by the Chad Taylor Trio, led by drummer Taylor, and featuring saxophonist Brian Settles and pianist Neil Podgurski. The trio's second release, it was recorded on May 9, 2022, and June 24, 2022, at Samurai Hotel Recording Studios in Astoria, Queens, New York, and was issued later that year by Astral Spirits Records.

Andrew Hill (pianist)
Andrew Hill (June 30, 1931 – April 20, 2007) was an American jazz pianist and composer.

Jazz critic John Fordham described Hill as a "uniquely gifted composer, pianist and educator" although "his status remained largely inside knowledge in the jazz world for most of his career."

Hill recorded for Blue Note Records for nearly a decade, producing a dozen albums.
J. Alastair Montgomerie
Lieutenant commander John Alastair Montgomerie DSC, KStJ (9 August 1914 – 17 December 1989) was a Scottish businessman and Royal Navy officer during World War II.  At war's end, he was the founder and honorary commodore of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Club (Scotland) headquartered on the Carrick in Glasgow.

Commodore (Royal Navy)
Commodore (Cdre) is a rank of the Royal Navy above captain and below rear admiral. It has a NATO ranking code of OF-6.  The rank is equivalent to brigadier in the British Army and the Royal Marines and to air commodore in the Royal Air Force. Commodore has been a substantive rank in the Royal Navy since only 1997. Until then the term denoted a functional position rather than a formal rank, being the title bestowed on the senior officer of a fleet of at least two naval vessels comprising an independent (usually ad hoc and short-term) command. (In this case, for instance, a lieutenant in substantive rank could be a commodore for the term of the command.)
Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, (born 21 April 1971) is a Norwegian-Iranian neuroscientist and human rights advocate. He has held the position of director of the international human rights organization and is the founder of Iran Human Rights.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust was an NHS foundation trust which ran Worthing Hospital, Southlands Hospital in Shoreham-by-Sea and St Richard's Hospital in Chichester, West Sussex, England and served a population of around 450,000 people across a catchment area covering most of West Sussex. It was formed through a merger in 2009 and started with a substantial inherited deficit, mortality issues and poor performance.  It merged into University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust in 2021.

In April 2014 the maternity unit at Worthing and St Richard's was awarded the "level three" award by the Clinical Negligence Scheme for Trusts (CNST).

Stroke services are provided at both sites.  NHS England want to see them centralised on one site.

Shoreham-by-Sea
Shoreham-by-Sea (often shortened to Shoreham) is a coastal town and port in the Adur district, in the county of West Sussex, England. In 2011 it had a population of 20,547.

The town is bordered to its north by the South Downs, to its west by the Adur Valley, and to its south by the River Adur and Shoreham Beach on the English Channel. The town lies in the middle of the ribbon of urban development along the English south coast, approximately equidistant from the city of Brighton and Hove to the east and the town of Worthing to the west. Shoreham covers an area of 2,430 acres (980 ha) and has a population of 20,547 (2011 census).
Adrián Varela
Adrián Eduardo Varela Avilés (born December 20, 1983 in Culiacán, Sinaloa) is a Mexican Pop and Latin singer and one of the former contestants of the fourth generation of popular Mexican reality show La Academia. He is the son of Isidro Varela and Dora Elvia Avilés. He has a younger sister, Carolina. He is known to be a young person of strong and sensible character with a great voice that emphasizes it. He went to University of Sinaloa to major in marketing. He is fluent in Spanish and English.

Culiacán
Culiacán, officially Culiacán Rosales, is the capital and largest city of Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico.  It is located within the Culiacán Municipality. The city was founded on 29 September 1531 by the Spanish conquistadors Lázaro de Cebreros and Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán originally under the name "Villa de San Miguel", in honor of its patron saint Michael the Archangel.

According to the 2020 INEGI census, Culiacán had an estimated population of 808,416, making it the 21st most populous city in Mexico. Its metropolitan area, with a population of 1,003,530, was the 17th most populous metropolitan area in Mexico.

The city sits in a valley on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental, at the confluence of the Tamazula and Humaya Rivers, where both join to form the Culiacán River 55 meters above sea level.
Liangping Airport
Liangping Airport (Chinese: 梁平机场) (IATA: LIA, ICAO: ZULP), also called Liangshan Airport, is a former dual-use military and civil airport, located north of Liangping District (formerly called Liangshan) in Chongqing Municipality, China.  It served the city of Wanxian (now Wanzhou District) from July 1988 until May 2003, when all civil flights were transferred to the new Wanzhou Wuqiao Airport.

Liangping, Chongqing
Liangping District (Chinese: 梁平区; pinyin: Liángpíng Qū), formerly Liangping County (Chinese: 梁平县) and Liangshan County (Chinese: 梁山县), is a district in the north of Chongqing Municipality, People's Republic of China.
Mohra Sandhu
Mohra Sandhu is a village situated in the Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi District, of Punjab, Pakistan. Its geographical coordinates are 33° 21' 37 North and 73° 25' 40 East and situated in Sui Cheemian Union Council.

Most of the population is Muslim, and belongs to the Sandhu clan of the Jat tribe. The word Mohra Sandhu means the settlement of the Sandhus. They are said to have emigrated from Gujranwala District at the start of the 18th Century.

Gujar Khan Tehsil
Gujar Khan Tehsil (Punjabi: گُجر خاں تحصِیل; Urdu: تحصِیل گُوجر خان), 
headquartered at Gujar Khan, is one of the tehsils (sub-divisions) of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is administratively subdivided into 36 Union Councils, and according to the 1998 census, has a population of 42,000. In the 2017 census, Gujar Khan had a population of 678,503.