hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gobryas (general)
According to the Cyropedia of Xenophon, Gobryas (Ancient Greek: Γοβρύας; Old Persian: 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎽𐎢𐎺 g-u-b-ru-u-v, reads as Gaub(a)ruva?; Elamite: Kambarma) was a Persian general who helped Cyrus II in the conquering of Babylon in 539 BC.

Old Testament scholar Robert Dick Wilson argued that Darius the Mede might be identified as Gobryas, drawing upon the work of Theophilus Pinches. George Frederick Wright championed the view of Wilson in his Scientific Confirmation of Old Testament History.

Old Persian
Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as ariya (Iranian). Old Persian is close to both Avestan and Vedic Sanskrit, and all three languages are highly inflected.

Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, clay tablets and seals of the Achaemenid era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now Iran,  Armenia, Bahrain, Iraq, Turkey and Egypt, with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the Behistun Inscription (dated to 522 BCE).

In 2007, research into the vast Persepolis Administrative Archives at the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.
Gainsborough Creek
Gainsborough Creek is a tributary of the Souris River in south-eastern Saskatchewan and south-western Manitoba. It is in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.

Communities on or near the waterway are Gainsborough, Saskatchewan and Pierson, Manitoba.

In 2014, extended heavy rainfall in the south-eastern Saskatchewan and south-western Manitoba resulted in severe flash flooding across much of the region. Gainsborough residents were given a mandatory evacuation order and were taken to neighbouring communities.  Provincial premier Brad Wall did an aerial survey of the flood area that allowed images and video of the flooded village to be recorded near the maximum height of the waters.

Palliser's Triangle
Palliser's Triangle (French: Triangle de Palliser), or the Palliser Triangle, is a semi-arid steppe occupying a substantial portion of the Canadian Prairies, namely southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, within the Great Plains region. While initially determined to be unsuitable for crops outside of the fertile belt due to arid conditions and dry climate, expansionists questioned this assessment, leading to homesteading in the Triangle. Agriculture in the region has since suffered from frequent droughts and other such hindrances.

The region is named after the Irish/Canadian explorer John Palliser, who described it circa 1880.
Gampaha
Gampaha (Sinhala: ගම්පහ [ˈɡamːpaha]; Tamil: கம்பஹா [kambahaː]) is an urban city in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka. It is situated to the north-east of the capital Colombo. It is the sixth largest urban area in Western Province, after Colombo, Negombo, Kalutara, Panadura and Avissawella. Gampaha is also the second largest municipal centre in Gampaha district, after Negombo.

Valagamba
Valagamba (Sinhala: වට්ඨ ගාමණී අභය, වලගම්බා), also known as  the Great Black Lion, Vatta Gamani Abhaya and Valagam Abha, was a king of the Anuradhapura Kingdom of Sri Lanka. Five months after becoming king, he was overthrown by a rebellion and an invasion from South India, but regained the throne by defeating the invaders fourteen years later. He is also known for the construction of the Abhayagiri Dagaba and Aluthepola Ganekanda Raja Maha Vihara.
Pachena Point Light
Pachena Point Lighthouse is located on Vancouver Island, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) south of Bamfield, British Columbia, in Pacific Rim National Park. The octagonal wooden tower is maintained by the Canadian Coast Guard who employ lighthouse keepers at the station. In Summer of 2024, it was announced that Pachena Point Light (along with nearby Carmanah Point Light) would be destaffed before the end of the year. On October 26 of the same year, the lightkeepers departed the station, leaving it unstaffed. This change was not well received and was met with heavy criticism.

Lighthouse keeper
A lighthouse keeper or lightkeeper is a person responsible for tending to and caring for a lighthouse, particularly the light and lens in the days when oil lamps and clockwork mechanisms were used. Lighthouse keepers were sometimes referred to as "wickies" because of their job trimming the wicks.
Azzeddine Ourahou
Azzeddine Ourahou (born 12 August 1984) is a Moroccan footballer.

Ourahou played for Nîmes Olympique and FC Istres in France's Ligue 1 and Ligue 2.

He was part of the Moroccan 2004 Olympic football team, which was eliminated in the first round, finishing third in group D, behind group winners Iraq and runners-up Costa Rica.

Nîmes Olympique
Nîmes Olympique (commonly referred to as simply Nîmes) is a French association football club based in Nîmes. The club was founded on 12 April 1937 and currently plays in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of French football. The Stade des Antonins is the club's home stadium.
Sista Big Bones
"Sista Big Bones" is the second and final single from Anthony Hamilton's third studio album, Ain't Nobody Worryin' (2005). As an airplay-only single, it debuted at number seventy on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs the week of August 26, 2006, spending twenty weeks and peaking at number sixty in the process. The song itself celebrates full-figured black women. The video's very own 'Sista Big Bones' was played by actress and TV personality Mo'Nique.

Airplay
Airplay is how frequently a song is being played through broadcasting on radio stations. A song which is being played several times every day (spins) would have a significant amount of airplay. Music which became very popular on jukeboxes, in nightclubs and at discotheques between the 1940s and 1960s would also have airplay.
Stichting Voortgezet Onderwijs van de Bovenwindse Eilanden
Stichting Voortgezet Onderwijs van de Bovenwindse Eilanden (SVOBE; "Foundation for the Advancement of Secondary Education Windward Islands") is a nonprofit organisation that operates two secondary schools on Sint Maarten: Milton Peters College (MPC) in South Reward and Sundial School in Philipsburg. They are both subsidised by the Sint Maarten government.

Milton Peters has HAVO (Senior General Secondary Education), VWO (pre-university), and VSBO (preparatory secondary vocational education) classes; the third includes PKL (practically oriented framework), PBL (practically oriented basic training), TKL classes (theoretical framework). The HAVO, VWO, and VSBO-TKL classes are all Dutch medium while other departments have English and Dutch medium classes. As of 2017 MPC is the largest secondary school in Sint Maarten. MPC is the only Sint Maarten secondary school with a Dutch pre-university programme.

Philipsburg, Sint Maarten
Philipsburg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈfilɪpsˌbʏr(ə)x]) is the main town and capital of Sint Maarten, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is located on the southern coast of Saint Martin island, between Great Bay and the Great Salt Pond. It serves as the main port of entry, with the major airport and port located in the vicinity. Tourism is the main economic activity, supported by extensive lodgings and cultural activities. As of 2017, the town had 1,894 inhabitants.
MAAC Tournament Most Valuable Player
The MAAC Tournament Most Valuable Player was an annual award given out at the conclusion of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference men's ice hockey tournament to the most valuable player in the championship as voted by the coaches of each MAAC team.

The award was discontinued after 2003 when the MAAC ice hockey conference was dissolved and all remaining programs reformed in Atlantic Hockey.

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
Meadowbrook, Seattle
Meadowbrook is a neighborhood in the Lake City district (township annexed in 1954) of Seattle, Washington.  Meadowbrook is centered on open fields adjacent to the Community Center, Meadowbrook swimming pool, and Nathan Hale High School.  It is bounded on the south by NE 95th Street and the Wedgwood neighborhood, on the north by NE 120th Street and Cedar Park, on the west by Lake City Way NE (State Route 522) and Victory Heights, and on the east by 35th Avenue NE and Matthews Beach.

The neighborhood is almost entirely residential.  There are no commercial strips, though there are some small restaurants and other businesses. The area is served by a number of public schools, including John Rogers Elementary, Jane Addams Middle School, and Nathan Hale High School. The site where Nathan Hale High School now sits was formerly Meadowbrook Golf Course.

Nathan Hale High School (Washington)
Nathan Hale High School is a public high school in Seattle, Washington, United States, operated by Seattle Public Schools. It was a member of the Coalition of Essential Schools and uses a project-based learning curriculum.
East Bend Generating Station
The East Bend Generating Station is a coal-fired power plant owned and operated by Duke Energy near Rabbit Hash, Kentucky. It is located 10 miles west of Florence, Kentucky. The closest city is Rising Sun, Indiana, which lies to the northwest, across the Ohio River. Originally planned for four units, only unit no. 2 was built and is in commission.

Rising Sun, Indiana
Rising Sun is a city in Randolph Township and the county seat of Ohio County, Indiana, United States, along the Ohio River. It is also the only incorporated community in the county. The population of Rising Sun was 2,248 at the 2020 census.
MWC 349
MWC 349 is a double (likely, triple) star system in the constellation Cygnus.  Its properties are still debated and it may be a massive highly luminous star or a very young less luminous Herbig Ae/Be star.  MWC 349 is also a variable star with the designation V1478 Cygni.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
Mauch Chunk Creek
Mauch Chunk Creek (Lenape for "at the bear mountain" ) is a 9.2-mile-long (14.8 km) tributary of the Lehigh River in Carbon County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

It is dammed to form Mauch Chunk Lake near the borough of Summit Hill. The upper reaches of the stream above are also known as White Bear Creek.

Mauch Chunk Creek winds between the valley of Mauch Chunk Mountain and Pisgah Mountain for a few miles and then entering a series of tunnels that winds under the town of Jim Thorpe before discharging into the Lehigh River.

Carbon County, Pennsylvania
Carbon County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,749. The county is part of the Northeast region of the commonwealth.

The county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region to its south, Monroe County to its east, Luzerne County to its north, and Schuylkill County to its west. The county is approximately 33 miles (53 km) northwest of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 117 miles (188 km) west of New York City, the nation's largest city.

The county seat is Jim Thorpe, which was founded in 1818 as Mauch Chunk. The Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River, flows through Carbon County.
Peierls substitution
The Peierls substitution method, named after the original work by Rudolf Peierls is a widely employed approximation for describing tightly-bound electrons in the presence of a slowly varying magnetic vector potential.

In the presence of an external magnetic vector potential , the translation operators, which form the kinetic part of the Hamiltonian in the tight-binding framework, are simply

and in the second quantization formulation

The phases are defined as

Magnetic vector potential
In classical electromagnetism, magnetic vector potential (often denoted A) is the vector quantity defined so that its curl is equal to the magnetic field, B: . Together with the electric potential φ, the magnetic vector potential can be used to specify the electric field E as well. Therefore, many equations of electromagnetism can be written either in terms of the fields E and B, or equivalently in terms of the potentials φ and A. In more advanced theories such as quantum mechanics, most equations use potentials rather than fields.

Magnetic vector potential was independently introduced by Franz Ernst Neumann and Wilhelm Eduard Weber in 1845 and in 1846, respectively to discuss Ampère's circuital law. William Thomson also introduced the modern version of the vector potential in 1847, along with the formula relating it to the magnetic field.
Armen Agop
Armen Agop (born in 1969 in Cairo) is a contemporary Egyptian artist who is challenging traditional perspectives and pushing the boundaries on contemporary art. He is known for his spiritually charged contemplative works. Agop engages meditative practices in his processes, prioritizing inwardness and inner monumentality. Soberness, slowness and renouncement of demonstrative abilities, are features that characterize his ascetic approach.

Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art
Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art  (متحف : المتحف العربي للفن الحديث) is a  museum in Doha, Qatar with over 9,000 objects. Established in 2010, it is considered a major cultural attraction in the country.

Mathaf houses the world's largest collection of modern and contemporary Arab art.
Herman James
Herman James (February 25, 1943 – October 2, 2010) was an American educator who served as the 5th president of Glassboro State College, later Rowan College of New Jersey, and then Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey from 1984 to 1998. During his tenure as president, Rowan University received a $100 million gift from Henry Rowan and his wife Betty. At the time, it was the largest ever gift by a private individual to a public university. Following his retirement as university president in 1998, James continued to serve as a professor until 2007. James died in Voorhees, New Jersey on October 2, 2010. In 2012, the Education Hall at Rowan University was named Dr. Herman D James Hall in his honor.

Henry Rowan
Henry Madison "Hank" Rowan Jr. (December 4, 1923 – December 9, 2015) was an American engineer, businessman, and  philanthropist.

He was the founder of Inductotherm Corp. and the first person to give a $100 million donation to school of higher education in the US, which he gave to Glassboro State College of New Jersey, which was renamed Rowan College of New Jersey later Rowan University in his honour.
The Phantom of Liberty
The Phantom of Liberty (French: Le Fantôme de la liberté) is a 1974 surrealist satirical black comedy film co-written and directed by Luis Buñuel and produced by Serge Silberman. It stars an ensemble cast consisting of Adriana Asti, Julien Bertheau, Jean-Claude Brialy, Adolfo Celi, Paul Frankeur, Michael Lonsdale, Pierre Maguelon, François Maistre, Hélène Perdrière, Michel Piccoli, Claude Piéplu, Jean Rochefort, Bernard Verley, Milena Vukotic and Monica Vitti.

The film features a nonlinear plot structure that consists of various otherwise unrelated episodes linked only by the movement of certain characters from one situation to another. Overall, the picture exhibits Buñuel's typical ribald satirical humor combined with a series of increasingly outlandish and far-fetched incidents intended to challenge the viewer's pre-conceived notions about the stability of social mores and reality. The Phantom of Liberty was critically acclaimed and is considered to be one of Buñuel's best films.

Hélène Perdrière
Hélène Perdrière (born 17 April 1912 in Asnieres-sur-Seine, died 27 August 1992 in Boulogne-Billancourt) was a French stage and film actress.
After earning a first prize for comedy at the National Conservatory of Dramatic Art in 1928, she became the first resident of Comédie-French. She resigned to become the partner of Pierre Fresnay in the boulevard theaters of the time, before returning to the Comédie-French circuit in April 1952, and remaining until its end in December 1973. She then went on to play with the Renaud-Barrault Company until her retirement a year later. At the Comédie-French, she staged several plays of Marivaux. She was also an election interpreter.
Chryseobacterium scophthalmum
Chryseobacterium scophthalmum  is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from the gills of a turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in Scotland. Chryseobacterium scophthalmum produces flexirubin.

Turbot
The turbot (/ˈtɜːrbət/ TUR-bət), Scophthalmus maximus, is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea were often included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate – the Black Sea turbot or kalkan (S. maeoticus). True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called "Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides). The name turbot can refer to any member of the family Scolopthalmidae, and some other flatfish have similar common names (e.g. Spiny turbots of the genus Psettodes).
Cahal Daly
Cahal Brendan Daly KGCHS (born Charles Brendan Daly, 1 October 1917 – 31 December 2009) was a Roman Catholic cardinal, theologian and writer from County Antrim.

Daly served as the Catholic Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh from late 1990 to 1996, the oldest man to take up this role for nearly 200 years. He was later created a Cardinal-Priest of S. Patrizio by Pope John Paul II in the consistory of 28 June 1991.

Papal consistory
In the Catholic Church, a consistory is a formal meeting of the College of Cardinals called by the pope. There are two kinds of consistories, extraordinary and ordinary. An "extraordinary" consistory is held to allow the pope to consult with the entire membership of the College of Cardinals. An "ordinary" consistory is ceremonial in nature and is normally attended by cardinals resident in Rome. For example, the pope elevates new cardinals to the College at a consistory; Pope Francis called consistories for ceremonies of canonization; and Pope Benedict announced his decision to retire in 2013 at a consistory.

A meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect a new pope is not a consistory, but a conclave.
Group velocity
The group velocity of a wave is the velocity with which the overall envelope shape of the wave's amplitudes—known as the modulation or envelope of the wave—propagates through space.

For example, if a stone is thrown into the middle of a very still pond, a circular pattern of waves with a quiescent center appears in the water, also known as a capillary wave. The expanding ring of waves is the wave group or wave packet, within which one can discern individual waves that travel faster than the group as a whole. The amplitudes of the individual waves grow as they emerge from the trailing edge of the group and diminish as they approach the leading edge of the group.

Trailing edge
The trailing edge of an aerodynamic surface such as a wing is its rear edge, where the airflow separated by the leading edge meets. Essential flight control surfaces are attached here to control the direction of the departing air flow, and exert a controlling force on the aircraft. Such control surfaces include ailerons on the wings for roll control, elevators on the tailplane controlling pitch, and the rudder on the fin controlling yaw. Elevators and ailerons may be combined as elevons on tailless aircraft.

The shape of the trailing edge is of prime importance in the aerodynamic function of any aerodynamic surface. A sharp trailing edge is always employed in an airfoil. George Batchelor has written about:

“ ... the remarkable controlling influence exerted by the sharp trailing edge of an aerofoil on the circulation.”
Bourdotigloea
Bourdotigloea is a genus of fungi in the family Phleogenaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are effused, waxy, and (microscopically) have unclamped hyphae, conspicuous cystidia, and basidia that are auricularioid (tubular and laterally septate). Some species were formerly referred to Helicogloea, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that the two genera are distinct. Bourdotigloea currently contains 9 species. The genus is known from Europe and North America.

Cystidium
A cystidium (pl.: cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are often unique to a particular species or genus, they are a useful micromorphological characteristic in the identification of basidiomycetes. In general, the adaptive significance of cystidia is not well understood.
2009 European Road Championships – Women's under-23 time trial
The Women's under-23 time trial at the 2009 European Road Championships took place on July 1. The Championships were hosted by the Belgian city of Hooglede-Gits. The course was 28.1 km long and had stone sections that were also uphill. The uphill part was seen as an important part of the course where you could easily lose seconds.

Team Columbia-HTC's Dutch women Ellen van Dijk won the U23 women's individual time trial for the second consecutive year. Van Dijk completed the 28-kilometre course in  a time of 36:41 (41.1 km/h), beating Swedish Emilia Fahlin, her teammate, by 20 seconds. She was very happy with the result because she suffered a concussion in April and was unable to cycle for almost six weeks, lowering her expectations for success.

Hooglede
Hooglede (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦoːxˌleːdə]; West Flemish: Ooglee) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Gits and Hooglede proper. On January 1, 2006, Hooglede had a total population of 9,831. The total area is 37.84 km2 which gives a population density of 260 inhabitants per km2.

Hooglede-Gits was the site of the 2007 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships. 
Hooglede houses one of the 4 German War Cemeteries in Belgium, the Hooglede German War Cemetery.