hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Segol (trope)
Segol (Hebrew: סְגוֹל also known as Segolta, with variant English spellings), is a cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. The Segol occurs together with a preceding Zarka, sometimes with a Munach preceding one or both.

The Segol group is considered to be a disjunctive. It occurs in a verse of three main segments, to mark the end of the first segment, whereas the Etnachta marks the end of the second one.

The Segol can be preceded by one or two conjunctives (meshartim), which are both represented by a Munach.

The third-level disjunctive (sar) which precedes the Segol is the Zarka. When two disjunctives are needed, we generally find two Zarka in a row, even though it is possible two have a Pashta in the first place.

The Hebrew word סְגוֹל translates into English as bunch, referring to a bunch of grapes. This is reflected in its appearance as a three-dot symbol.

Grape cluster
In viticulture, the grape cluster (also bunch of grapes) is a fertilized inflorescence of the grapevine, the primary part of this plant used for food (grape leaves are also used in some culinary traditions). The size of the grape bunch greatly varies, from few grams to kilograms, depending on the grape variety and conditions during the fruit set.
Barking dog reaction
The "Barking Dog" is an exothermic chemical reaction that results from the ignition of a mixture of carbon disulfide and nitrous oxide. When ignited in a cylindrical tube, the reaction produces a bright flash and a loud "woof" - reminiscent of a barking dog.

In simple terms, the 'Barking Dog' reaction is a combustion process, in which a fuel (carbon disulfide, CS2) reacts with an oxidizing agent (nitrous oxide, N2O), producing heat and elemental sulfur.  The flame front in the reaction is a zone of very hot, luminous gas, produced by the reactants decomposing.

8 N2O + 4 CS2 → S8 + 4 CO2 + 8 N2

In April 1853, Justus von Liebig performed the demonstration in front of the Bavarian royal family; however, the glass container shattered, and shards of glass inflicted minor injuries on the faces of Queen Therese, her son Prince Luitpold, and Liebig himself.

Exothermic process
In thermodynamics, an exothermic process (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outward' and  θερμικός (thermikós) 'thermal') is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen). The term exothermic was first coined by 19th-century French chemist Marcellin Berthelot.

The opposite of an exothermic process is an endothermic process, one that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat.  The concept is frequently applied in the physical sciences to chemical reactions where chemical bond energy is converted to thermal energy (heat).
Bull Site
The so-called Bull Site is a 12th-century BCE open air ancient cult installation found at Dhahrat et-Tawileh (also spelled Daharat et-Tawileh), in the West Bank. The site is named for the bronze sacred bull statuette which was found at the site in 1977.

Cult (religious practice)
Cult is the care (Latin: cultus) owed to deities or saints and their temples, shrines, or churches; cult is embodied in ritual and ceremony. Its presence or former presence is made concrete in temples, shrines and churches, and cult images, including votive offerings at votive sites.
Jorma Karvonen
Jorma Karvonen (born 16 October 1949) is a Finnish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He won a gold medal at the first World Ski Orienteering Championships in Hyvinkää in 1975 in the relay event with the Finnish team (with Pekka Pökälä, Heimo Taskinen and Olavi Svanberg). He also received an individual silver medal in 1975, and a bronze medal at the 1977 World Championships in Avesta.

At the 1978 World Orienteering Championships in Kongsberg he won a bronze medal with the Finnish relay team.

Avesta Municipality
Avesta Municipality (Swedish: Avesta kommun) is one of 290 municipalities of Sweden. It is in Dalarna County, in the central part of the country, and its seat is in the town of Avesta.

The municipality in its present size was created in 1967 when the four surrounding municipalities were joined with the then City of Avesta. In 1971 it became a municipality of unitary type.
Longineu Parsons II
Longineu Warren Parsons II is a classically trained trumpeter who plays in a wide variety of styles including jazz, blues, jazz fusion and classical. He is currently an Associate Professor of Music at Florida A&M University (FAMU).

Parsons played for Nat Adderley, Cab Calloway, Doc Severinsen, Herbie Mann, Archie Shepp, Sun Ra, Branford Marsalis and many more.  He appeared in the national production of Satchmo. He was a featured soloist in the Great Performances special "Three Mo' Tenors."

He is the father of professional musician Longineu W. Parsons III.

In 1999, Ubiquity Records imprint Luv N' Haight released Spaced: Collected Works 1980-1999, compiling several recordings Parsons had made since 1980.

Herbie Mann
Herbert Jay Solomon (April 16, 1930 – July 1, 2003), known by his stage name Herbie Mann, was an American jazz flute player and important early practitioner of world music. Early in his career, he also played tenor saxophone and clarinet (including bass clarinet), but Mann was among the first jazz musicians to specialize on the flute. His most popular single was "Hi-Jack", which was a Billboard No. 1 dance hit for three weeks in 1975.

Mann emphasized the groove approach in his music. Mann felt that from his repertoire, the "epitome of a groove record" was Memphis Underground or Push Push, because the "rhythm section locked all in one perception."
Eduardo Valente da Fonseca
Eduardo Valente da Fonseca (Aveiro, 1928–2003) was a Portuguese writer. He collaborated on literary supplements for journals such as Comércio do Porto, Jornal de Notícias, Vértice and the Jornal de Letras. Other than writing features for journals and children's literature, he was also a poet.

His poem "Canto do Ceifeiro", with music by Francisco Fernandes was included in the LP "Cancões da Cidade Nova", by Francisco Fanhais.

Aveiro, Portugal
Aveiro (pronounced [aˈvɐjɾu] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. In 2021, the population was 80,880, in an area of 197.58 square kilometres (76.29 mi2): it is the second most populous city in the Centro Region of Portugal (after Coimbra).

Along with the neighbouring city of Ílhavo, Aveiro is part of an urban agglomeration that includes 120,000 inhabitants, making it one of the most important populated regions by density in the North Region, and primary centre of the Intermunicipal Community of Aveiro and Baixo Vouga. Administratively, the president of the municipal government is José Ribau Esteves, elected by coalition between the Social Democratic Party and the Democratic Social Centre, who governs the ten civil parishes (Portuguese: freguesias).
Na (EP)
Na is the second extended play by South Korean singer Nayeon of the girl group Twice, released through JYP Entertainment and Republic Records on June 14, 2024. The EP contains seven tracks, including the lead single "ABCD" and collaborations with singers Sam Kim and Julie from Kiss of Life. It aims to showcase a stronger and more mature side of the singer, incorporating hip hop and dance elements.

JYP Entertainment
JYP Entertainment Corporation (Korean: JYP 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate founded in 1997 by J.Y. Park. Operating as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management company, concert production company and music publishing house, it is one of the largest entertainment companies in South Korea. The company also operates subsidiary ventures and divisions internationally.
Labeobarbus pagenstecheri
Labeobarbus pagenstecheri is a species of ray-finned fish in the  family Cyprinidae.
It is found only in the Kilimanjaro Region, an area on the border between Kenya and Tanzania.
Its natural habitats are streams and intermittent rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Every Day (Stevie Nicks song)
"Every Day" is a 2001 song recorded by the American singer/songwriter Stevie Nicks and written by producer John Shanks and Damon Johnson. It was released as the first single from her solo album, Trouble in Shangri-La. The song peaked at No. 17 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart and No. 39 on the Billboard Adult Top 40 chart. Nicks performed this song as well as "Landslide" on The Rosie O'Donnell Show in 2001.

A music video was made for the song in 2001. The video with an added commentary was featured on Crystal Visions – The Very Best of Stevie Nicks in 2006.

The song's co-writer Damon Johnson released his own version of the song on his 2010 album Release.

Landslide (Fleetwood Mac song)
"Landslide" is a song by the British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac, written by Stevie Nicks. The song was first featured on the band's album Fleetwood Mac (1975). The original recording also appears on the compilation albums 25 Years – The Chain (1992), The Very Best of Fleetwood Mac (2002) and 50 Years – Don't Stop (2018).

A live version was released as a single 23 years later from the live reunion album The Dance (1997). "Landslide" reached No. 51 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and No. 10 on the Adult Contemporary chart in 1998. "Landslide" was certified gold in October 2009 for sales of over 500,000 copies in the United States. According to Nielsen Soundscan, "Landslide" sold 2,093,186 copies in the United States as of 2017. The studio version debuted at position of No. 41 on the US Hot 100 in January 2026 following its inclusion on the finale of the Netflix show "Stranger Things".

In 2021, the song was listed at No. 163 on Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
A New Day (composition)
A New Day is a cello concerto written in 2021 by the American composer Joan Tower. The work was commissioned for the cellist Alisa Weilerstein by the Colorado Music Festival, the Cleveland Orchestra, the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, and the National Symphony Orchestra. It was given its world premiere by Weilerstein and the Colorado Music Festival Orchestra conducted by Peter Oundjian at the Colorado Chautauqua on July 25, 2021.

Cleveland Orchestra
The Cleveland Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States.  Founded in 1918 by the pianist and impresario Adella Prentiss Hughes, the orchestra is one of the five American orchestras informally referred to as the "Big Five".  The orchestra plays most of its concerts at Severance Music Center. Its current music director is Franz Welser-Möst.
Mandjelia colemani
Mandjelia colemani is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet colemani honours North Queensland naturalist N. Clyde Coleman, who collected locally.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Robert Rodriguez's unrealized projects
During his long career, film director Robert Rodriguez has worked on a number of projects which never progressed beyond the pre-production stage under his direction. Some of these projects are officially cancelled or fell apart in development.

Spy Kids: Armageddon
Spy Kids: Armageddon is a 2023 American spy action comedy film produced, shot, edited, and directed by Robert Rodriguez, who co-wrote it with his son, Racer Max. It is the standalone sequel to Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (2011) and the fifth main installment in the Spy Kids film series. Produced by Skydance, Spyglass Media Group and Troublemaker Studios, the film stars Gina Rodriguez (no relation to the film's director), Zachary Levi, Connor Esterson, and Everly Carganilla.

Spy Kids: Armageddon was released on September 22, 2023, by Netflix. The film received mixed reviews from critics.
Monkey Shines
Monkey Shines is a 1983 British psychological horror novel by Michael Stewart. Its plot follows a quadriplegic man whose service animal, a capuchin monkey named Ella, grows increasingly violent. It was adapted into a feature film of the same name in 1988 by director George A. Romero.

Capuchin monkey
The capuchin monkeys (/ˈkæp(j)ʊtʃɪn, -ʃɪn/) are New World monkeys of the subfamily Cebinae. They are readily identified as the "organ grinder" monkey, and have been used in many movies and television shows. The range of capuchin monkeys includes some tropical forests in Central America and South America as far south as northern Argentina. In Central America, where they are called white-faced monkeys ("carablanca"), they usually occupy the wet lowland forests on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica and Panama and deciduous dry forest on the Pacific coast.

Capuchins have the largest brain-to-body ratio of any nonhuman primate, as well as complex brain wiring. Their neural complexity is likely related to their sociality and foraging skills. Capuchins have evolved skills to access food that other monkeys cannot — and to mentally map food sources in their territories.
1998–99 National League 1
The 1998–99 National League 1, sponsored by Jewson, was the twelfth full season of rugby union within the third tier of the English league system.

Henley finished the season as champions and along with runners up Manchester were promoted to Premiership Two. The relegated sides were Morley and Liverpool St Helens, both of whom would drop to National League 2 North.

Jewson
Jewson is one of the largest chains of British general builders' merchants, selling to small and medium building contractors. The chain comprises around 500 branches located all across Great Britain. Jewson is owned by Stark Group.
Europe Sails
Europe Sails is an Austrian aircraft manufacturer, based in Neukirchen am Großvenediger. The company specializes in hang gliders.

In 2003 the company offered a complete line of four types of hang gliders, but by 2012 the Independent competition hang glider was their sole product.

Neukirchen am Großvenediger
Neukirchen am Großvenediger is a market town in the district of Zell am See (Pinzgau region), in the state of Salzburg in Austria. Neukirchen is at an altitude of 856 meters and its population (as of May 2001) is 2,616.
Mbogwe District
Mbogwe District is one of the five districts of Geita Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Chato District and Geita District, to the east by Kahama Rural District and Kahama Urban District, to the south by Kahama Rural District, and to the west by Bukombe District.

As of 2022, the population of Mbogwe was 362,855. Mbogwe was established in 2012, when it was split off from Bukombe District and became part of the newly established Geita Region.

Districts of Tanzania
As of 2021, there are 31 regions (Swahili: mkoa, plural mikoa) of Tanzania which are divided into 184 districts (Swahili: wilaya).

In 2016, Songwe Region was created from the western part of Mbeya Region.

The districts are each administered by a district council. Cities are separately administered by their own councils, and while administratively within a region, are not considered to be located within a district. The districts are listed below, by unofficial area then region:
Hansjoachim Linde
Hansjoachim Linde (6 April 1926 – 12 February 2020) was a German Generaloberstabsarzt and inspector general of the  medical troops from 1982 to 1986.

Hansjoachim Linde was born in Ortelsburg, East Prussia (Szczytno, Poland). He served in World War II  and returned to Germany from Soviet captivity in 1946. Linde studied medicine at the University of Marburg and in Innsbruck and worked as a surgical assistant. He joined the West German Bundeswehr in 1957.

From 1971 to 1974 he was a consultant for leadership and planning at the Federal Ministry of Defense (Germany). In 1982 he was promoted to Generaloberstabsarzt and became inspector general of the medical and health system. In addition to his work in military medicine he was active in the German Red Cross. Linde died in Mönchengladbach.

University of Innsbruck
The University of Innsbruck (German: Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Latin: Universitas Leopoldino Franciscea) is a public research university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, founded on October 15, 1669.

It is the largest education facility in the Austrian Bundesland of Tirol, and the third largest in Austria behind the University of Vienna and the University of Graz. Significant contributions have been made in many branches, most of all in the physics department.
Philological Quarterly
The Philological Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on medieval European and modern literature and culture. It was established in 1922 by Hardin Craig. The inaugural issue of the journal was made available at sixty cents per copy and included articles on Chaucer, Henry Fielding, and Shakespeare, among others. Berthold Ullman served with three colleagues on the original board of associate editors. Bill Kupersmith guided the journal through disciplinary reorganizations and changing academic norms during his thirty-year service as editor of the journal.

The current editor-in-chief is Eric Gidal.

Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding (22 April 1707 – 8 October 1754) was an English writer and judge known for the use of humour and satire in his works. His famous novels include Shamela (1741), Joseph Andrews (1742), The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (1749) and Amelia (1751). Along with Samuel Richardson, Fielding is seen as the founder of the traditional English novel. As well as being a novelist, Fielding was also a playwright, known for his satirical comedies The Author's Farce (1730), Tom Thumb (1730), The Letter Writers (1731) and The Tragedy of Tragedies (1731). He also played an important role in the history of law enforcement in the United Kingdom, using his authority as a magistrate to found the Bow Street Runners, London's first professional police force.
A Dreamer's Tales
A Dreamer's Tales is the fourth book by Irish fantasy writer Lord Dunsany, considered a major influence on the work of J. R. R. Tolkien, H. P. Lovecraft, Ursula K. Le Guin, and others. Like most of Dunsany's early books, A Dreamer's Tales is a collection of fantasy short stories.

A Dreamer's Tales was first published in hardcover by George Allen & Sons in September 1910, and has been reprinted a number of times since. It was issued by the Modern Library in a combined edition with The Sword of Welleran and Other Stories as A Dreamer's Tales and Other Stories in 1917. This edition included an introduction by Padraic Colum praising Dunsany's feel for dramatic situations and exalted speech, and stating that his main influences were Homer, Herodotus, and the Bible.

Modern Library
The Modern Library is an American book publishing imprint and formerly the parent company of Random House. Founded in 1917 by Albert Boni and Horace Liveright as an imprint of their publishing company Boni & Liveright, Modern Library became an independent publishing company in 1925 when Boni & Liveright sold it to Bennett Cerf and Donald Klopfer. Random House began in 1927 as a subsidiary of the Modern Library and eventually overtook its parent company, with Modern Library becoming an imprint of Random House.
Auxonne
Auxonne (French pronunciation: [oksɔn] or [osɔn]) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

Auxonne is one of the sites of the defensive structures of Vauban, clearly seen from the train bridge as it enters the train station on the Dijon–Vallorbe line railway line. It also was home to the Artillery School where Napoleon Bonaparte was stationed as a lieutenant and audited classes from 1788 to 1791.

The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.

Needle dam
A needle dam is a weir designed to maintain the level or flow of a river through the use of thin "needles" of wood.  The needles are leaned against a solid frame and are not intended to be water-tight.  Individual needles can be added or removed by hand to constrict the flow of the river, forming a sluice.

One early needle dam maintains the level of Lake Lucerne in Lucerne, Switzerland by restricting the flow of the Reuss, several are still in operation on the Meuse, France and others were built in the United States in the 19th century.

The first needle dam in the United States was completed in 1896 on the Big Sandy River, downstream from the city of Louisa, Kentucky.

A similar approach, now known as paddle and rymer weirs, was used since medieval times on the River Thames in England to create flash locks.
Matt DiBenedetto
Matthew Guido DiBenedetto (born July 27, 1991) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 99 Chevrolet Camaro SS for Viking Motorsports.

Prior to that, DiBenedetto competed full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series for two years, which included making the playoffs in 2023. He has previously competed in the NASCAR Cup Series, ARCA Menards Series, and ARCA Menards Series East, as well as late model stocks, and won the track championship at Hickory Motor Speedway in 2004.

Road America
Road America is a motorsport road course near Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin on Wisconsin Highway 67. It has hosted races since the 1950s and currently hosts races in the IndyCar Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, Sports Car Club of America GT World Challenge America and Trans-Am Series and the MotoAmerica Superbike Championship.
Target for Three
"Target for Three" was an American television play broadcast live on October 1, 1959, as part of the CBS television series, Playhouse 90.  It was the first episode of the fourth season of Playhouse 90 and the 118th episode overall.

Playhouse 90
Playhouse 90 is an American television anthology drama series that aired on CBS from 1956 to 1960 for a total of 134 episodes. The show was produced at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, California. Since live anthology drama series of the mid-1950s usually were hour-long shows, the title highlighted the network's intention to present something unusual: a weekly series of hour-and-a-half-long dramas rather than 60-minute plays.
Newtowngore
Newtowngore or Newtown Gore, known before the Plantations of Ireland as Ducarrick (Irish: An Dúcharraig, meaning 'the black rock'), is a village on the R199 regional road in the south-east of County Leitrim. The village is in the north of the parish of Carrigallen.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.