hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rdate
On Unix-like operating systems, rdate is a tool for querying the current time from a network server and, optionally, setting the system time. Rdate uses the Time Protocol. The Time Protocol is generally considered obsolete and has been replaced by the Network Time Protocol (NTP).

When used to set the local system time, rdate operates by changing system time immediately to the time and date returned by the server. Abrupt changes of clock settings have been found to cause problems for software relying on timing. This led to the development of the Network Time Protocol, which gradually changes the system time and does not skip ticks.

Due to the problems described above, rdate is generally used only on systems where NTP is not available, or in specialized circumstances where it is required that system time be set correctly as soon as possible during initial setup, before services which may be vulnerable to abrupt time-changes have started.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Ovaka
Ovaka is an island in Tonga. It is located within the Vava'u Group in the far north of the country. It is 2800 meters long east–west, and more than 800 meters wide at its widest point. The namesake village is located on the northeast coast. The island had a population of 96 in 2021.

Notable residents include Salesi (Charles) Liu, who was one of the six sons of chiefs of high rank chosen to accompany Prince Viliami Tungī Mailefihi to school at Newington College in Sydney, Australia, with James Egan Moulton to translate the English Holy Bible into the Tongan language in 1896.

Niuingatoni Liu (dec. 1988) named after Newington College is the son of Salesi Liu who was named in honour of his father's endeavor to Australia and was a well known punake in Tonga. He composed the lakalaka for the villages of Navutoka, Kolonga and Niutoua in Tongatapu, Tonga. To this day, his compositions are still performed at auspicious occasions.

Kolonga
Kolonga is a village and the most populated settlement located on the northeast coast of Tongatapu in the Hahake District, Kingdom of Tonga. Kolonga is a hereditary estate of Lord Nuku.

The current population of Kolonga was recorded in the Tonga 2006 Census as 1,199. Many people have left to go overseas for better opportunities. Many lands have been deserted or they leave it to the care of their relatives, sending money support back home.  The majority of the residents owned two lands: one in town where they reside and one agricultural land in the bush.

Nearly 99% of the population are agricultural farmers, out of that population only 60% own some level of qualification to a degree. Only a few have government jobs, while the rest make money out of their farming supplies at Nuku'alofa, the capital city of Tonga.
Guillermo Calvo
Guillermo Antonio Calvo (born 1941) is an Argentine-American economist who is director of Columbia University's mid-career Program in Economic Policy Management in their School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA).

He published significant research in macroeconomics, especially monetary economics and the economics of emerging markets and transition economies.

Argentine Americans
Argentine Americans (Spanish: argentino-estadounidenses) are Americans who have full or partial Argentinian ancestry. Argentine immigration increased after the 1976 Argentine coup d'état and the 2001 Argentine Great Depression, and many took up residence in states such as California, Florida, and New York.
Paul Liston
Edward Paul Jones Liston Jr. (July 3, 1903 – August 14, 1952) was an American professional football player who played in the National Football League (NFL) in 1930 for the Newark Tornadoes, appearing in one game. He died in Bradenton, Florida on August 14, 1952.

Orange/Newark Tornadoes
The Orange Tornadoes and Newark Tornadoes were two manifestations of a long-lived professional American football franchise that existed in some form from 1887 to 1941 and from 1958 to 1970, having played in the American Amateur Football Union from 1888 to 1895, the National Football League from 1929 to 1930, the American Association from 1936 to 1941, the Atlantic Coast Football League from 1963 to 1964 and 1970, and the Continental Football League from 1965 to 1969. The team was based for most of its history in Orange, New Jersey, with many of its later years in Newark. Its last five seasons of existence were as the Orlando Panthers, when the team was based in Orlando, Florida. The NFL franchise was sold back to the league in October 1930. The team had four head coaches in its two years in the NFL – Jack Depler in Orange, and Jack Fish, Al McGall and Andy Salata in Newark.
Kyle Kulinski
Kyle Edward Kulinski (born January 31, 1988) is an American left-wing political commentator and media host. He is the host and producer of The Kyle Kulinski Show on his YouTube channel Secular Talk, co-host on Kyle & Corin on the YouTube channel Corin's WORLD, and co-host with his wife Krystal Ball on the progressive podcast Krystal Kyle & Friends. A self-described social democrat, Kulinski is a co-founder of Justice Democrats, a progressive political action committee founded on the principles that the candidates it endorses must refuse donations from corporate PACs.

No corporate PAC pledge
The no corporate PAC pledge is a pledge taken by some politicians in the United States to not accept political donations from corporate political action committees (PACs). The rejection of corporate PAC money can increase grassroots support for a candidate. According to political activist Saikat Chakrabarti, "not taking corporate money is a core part of the progressive message".

The trend of pledging not to take corporate PAC money has been increasing. In 2018, three-quarters of Democratic Party challengers in "top races" rejected corporate PAC money.
2024 Perth Tennis International – Doubles
Destanee Aiava and Maddison Inglis were the defending champions but chose to participate with different partners. Aiava partnered alongside Petra Hule but lost in the first round to Paige Hourigan and Erika Sema.

Inglis partnered Talia Gibson and successfully defended her title, defeating Erina Hayashi and Saki Imamura in the final, 6–2, 6–4.

Paige Hourigan
Paige Mary Hourigan (born 3 February 1997) is a professional tennis player from New Zealand. She has won four singles and 12 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She reached her best rankings in both singles and doubles after winning ITF titles in Singapore and Surprise, Arizona early in 2019, and those rankings continued to climb as her run of success extended through Mexico and Asia.
Scirpodendron ghaeri
Scirpodendron ghaeri is a plant in the family Cyperaceae native to areas from India through southeast Asia to the western Pacific. It is a tall sedge with a woody rhizome producing 3 m (9.8 ft) long leaves in dense clumps; the leaves have sharp edges and the plant forms impenetrable barriers. It was first described as Chionanthus ghaeri by Joseph Gaertner in 1788, and transferred to the genus Scirpodendron by Elmer Drew Merrill in 1914. It usually grows in coastal swamp forest, but may be found in rainforest and gallery forest

Freshwater swamp forest
Freshwater swamp forests, or flooded forests, are forests which are inundated with freshwater, either permanently or seasonally. They normally occur along the lower reaches of rivers and around freshwater lakes. Freshwater swamp forests are found in a range of climate zones, from boreal through temperate and subtropical to tropical.
The Divide (South Orkney Islands)
The Divide (60°44′S 45°10′W﻿ / ﻿60.733°S 45.167°W﻿ / -60.733; -45.167) is a narrow channel between Matthews Island and the southeast extremity of Coronation Island, in the South Orkney Islands. Charted as an isthmus in 1912-13 by Norwegian whaling captain Petter Sorlle; recharted as an isthmus and named descriptively by DI in 1933. The feature was surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1957 and found to be a channel.

Coronation Island
Coronation Island is the largest of the South Orkney Islands, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and from 3 to 8 nautical miles (5.6 to 14.8 km) wide. The island extends in a general east–west direction, is mainly ice-covered and comprises numerous bays, glaciers and peaks, the highest rising to 1,265 metres (4,150 ft).
Laura Piña Olmedo
Laura Piña Olmedo (born 31 December 1959) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). From 2006 to 2009 she held a seat on the Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District and from 2009 to 2012 she served as a federal deputy in the 61st Congress, representing the Federal District's eleventh district for the PRD.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
Park Hyo-shin
Park Hyo-shin (Korean: 박효신; born September 1, 1981) is a South Korean singer and musical theatre actor. Following his debut as a singer in 1999, Park released numerous hit songs in the 2000s, including "Good Person" (2002), "Snow Flower" (2004) and "Memories Resemble Love" (2007). In the 2010s, he achieved five number-one hits on the Circle Digital Chart, including 2014's "Wild Flower", which has sold 5 million copies, making it one of the best-selling singles in South Korea.

Circle Digital Chart
The Circle Digital Chart, previously known as the Gaon Digital Chart, is the music industry standard record chart ranking the 200 most popular singles in South Korea. It provides rankings on a weekly, monthly, and yearly basis, which is based on an aggregate of streaming, downloads and background music from major South Korean music platforms, as well as video ringback tone sales from the V Coloring app. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart.
Jamie Talbot
James Robert Talbot (born 23 April 1960 in London) is an English jazz alto saxophonist.

Talbot played with the London Schools Symphony Orchestra and then with the National Youth Jazz Orchestra. He attended the Royal College of Music during 1978–79, then recorded throughout the decades of the 1980s and 1990s with Clark Tracey, Stan Tracey, Jack Sharpe, John Dankworth, Colin Towns, Guy Barker, Richard Niles, Shorty Rogers, Michael Nyman, and Bud Shank. He also performed with singers Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, George Michael, and Mel Tormé, as well as for the arrangers Nelson Riddle, Gil Evans, and Quincy Jones. He has worked extensively as a session musician in commercial studios.

In addition to saxophone, Talbot also occasionally plays clarinet, both in jazz and classical settings.

Stan Tracey
Stanley William Tracey (30 December 1926 – 6 December 2013) was a British jazz pianist and composer, whose most important influences were Duke Ellington and Thelonious Monk. Tracey's best known recording is the 1965 album Jazz Suite Inspired by Dylan Thomas's "Under Milk Wood", which is based on the BBC radio drama Under Milk Wood by Dylan Thomas.
Sheno, Kembibit
9°20′N 39°18′E﻿ / ﻿9.333°N 39.300°E﻿ / 9.333; 39.300

Sheno (Shanoo) is a town in central Ethiopia. Located in the Kaba Shewa Zone, Oromia, it has an elevation of 2,918 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Kembibit woreda. The main buildings in the city that can be shown is the new building built by a German philanthropist organization Menschen für Menschen. Older buildings that are serving as school and city administration  were the remnants from the Italian camping site during the 5 years stay of the Italians.

Even though there were supporters of the Italians by then there were also many patriots fighting the stay of the Italians as insurgent  attacks with the bulga area arbegnoch

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Kaiti, New Zealand
Kaiti (Māori: Kaitī) is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Gisborne. It is located immediately to the east of the city centre, on the opposing bank of the Waimata River.

Kaiti Hill or Titirangi overlooks Poverty Bay with Young Nick's Head (Te Kurī-a-Pāoa) across the Bay. Titirangi also overlooks the city. The Tūranganui River is below it and separates Kaiti from the Gisborne Central Business District.

Kaiti Beach is one of New Zealand's most historic spots, being the landing site of the Horouta waka. It brought ancestors of the tangata whenua to the region. In 1769, Captain James Cook, the first European to have set foot on New Zealand soil, also landed here. The location of this landing is protected as a national reserve.

The name kaiti comes from Māori words meaning "to eat the edible parts of cabbage trees (Cordyline australis)".

Gisborne, New Zealand
Gisborne is a city in northeastern New Zealand and the largest settlement in the Gisborne District (or Gisborne Region). It has a population of 38,100 (June 2025). Gisborne District Council has its headquarters in the central city.
Somos' quadratic recurrence constant
In mathematical analysis and number theory, Somos' quadratic recurrence constant or simply Somos' constant is a constant defined as an expression of infinitely many nested square roots. It arises when studying the asymptotic behaviour of a certain sequence and also in connection to the binary representations of real numbers between zero and one. The constant named after Michael Somos. It is defined by:

which gives a numerical value of approximately:

(sequence A112302 in the OEIS).

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Exocoetus monocirrhus
Exocoetus monocirrhus is a species of fish in the family Exocoetidae.

Exocoetus monocirrhus mainly inhabit the warm waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The species is found at a Sea Surface Temperature of 22-30°C.

Flying fish
The Exocoetidae are a family of saltwater ray-finned fish in the order Beloniformes, known colloquially as flying fish or flying cod, with about 64 species in seven genera. While they do not "fly" in the same way a bird does, flying fish can make powerful leaps out of the water where their long, wing-like paired fins act as aerofoils to generate lift and enable prolonged gliding for considerable distances above the water surface. The main reason for this behavior is thought to be to escape from underwater predators, which include swordfish, mackerel, tuna, and marlin, among others, though their periods of flight expose them to attack by aerial predators such as frigatebirds.

Barbados is known as "the land of the flying fish" and the fish is one of the national symbols of the country. The French Exocet anti-ship missile is also named after them, as the missile can be launched from underwater, and take a low, sea-skimming trajectory before striking the targets.
Moonbound
Moonbound (German: Peterchens Mondfahrt) is a 2021 animated fantasy adventure comedy film directed by Ali Samadi Ahadi with story by Ahadi and Arne Nolting and based on the 1915 children's book Little Peter's Journey to the Moon by Gerdt von Bassewitz.

Gerdt von Bassewitz
Gerdt Bernhard von Bassewitz-Hohenluckow (4 January 1878 in Allewind, Kingdom of Württemberg – 6 February 1923 in Berlin) was a German lieutenant in the Prussian militia, a writer, a playwright, and an actor. He had his only great success with Little Peter's Journey to the Moon (Peterchens Mondfahrt), which began as a successful stage play in 1912 in Leipzig and was published as a book in 1915.

It became one of the best-loved German children's books and has been a bestseller in Germany to this day. After his success, von Bassewitz became assistant stage director in Cologne. Eventually, he moved to Berlin, where he made a living as a freelance writer.

On 6 February 1923, after a public reading at the Villa Siemens, he committed suicide at the age of 45.
Stephanie Yeager
Stephanie Yeager is an American politician and a former member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 96th district. She was selected by Democratic Party precinct committee members in Sedgwick County on December 4, 2019, to succeed Democrat Brandon Whipple, who resigned on January 13, 2020, to be sworn-in as mayor of Wichita. Yeager was sworn in as a state representative on January 14, following a formal appointment by Governor Laura Kelly.

2019–2020 Kansas House of Representatives Committee assignments

Education

Elections

Sedgwick County, Kansas
Sedgwick County is located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat is Wichita, the most populous city in the state.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 523,824, making it the second-most populous county in Kansas. The county was named after John Sedgwick, the highest ranking Union general killed during the American Civil War.
The Man Who Loved Mars
The Man Who Loved Mars is a science fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the first in his Edgar Rice Burroughs- and Leigh Brackett-inspired series The Mysteries of Mars. It was first published in paperback by Fawcett Gold Medal in March 1973. The first British edition was published in hardcover by White Lion in August of the same year. It was reissued by Wildside Press in December 1999. The novel has also been translated into German.

In writing the series, Carter deliberately depicted a Mars very different from that shown in increasingly detailed scientific research of Mars during the 20th Century; specifically, that scientists doubt that any kind of life can be found there. This makes the series more of a fantasy than a science fiction.

Leigh Brackett
Leigh Douglass Brackett (December 7, 1915 – March 18, 1978) was an American author and screenwriter. Nicknamed "the Queen of Space Opera", she was one of the most prominent female writers during the Golden Age of Science Fiction. As a screenwriter, she was best known for her collaborations with director Howard Hawks, mainly writing Westerns and crime films. She also worked on an early draft of The Empire Strikes Back (1980), elements of which remained in the film; she died before it went into production.

In 1956, her book The Long Tomorrow made her the first woman ever shortlisted for the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and, along with C. L. Moore, one of the first two women ever nominated for a Hugo Award. In 2020, she posthumously won a Retro Hugo for her novel The Nemesis From Terra, originally published as Shadow Over Mars (Startling Stories, Fall 1944).
The Swabian Maiden
The Swabian Maiden (Swabian German: Das Schwabemädle) is a 1919 German silent comedy film directed by Georg Jacoby and Ernst Lubitsch and starring Ossi Oswalda, Carl Auen and Hermann Böttcher.

It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin.

Ernst Lubitsch
Ernst Lubitsch (/ˈluːbɪtʃ/; January 29, 1892 – November 30, 1947) was a German and American film director, producer, writer, and actor. His urbane comedies of manners gave him the reputation of being Hollywood's most elegant and sophisticated director; as his prestige grew, his films were promoted as having "the Lubitsch touch". Among his best known works are Trouble in Paradise (1932), Design for Living (1933), Ninotchka (1939), The Shop Around the Corner (1940), To Be or Not to Be (1942) and Heaven Can Wait (1943).

He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director three times, for The Patriot (1928), The Love Parade (1929), and Heaven Can Wait (1943); his pictures The Smiling Lieutenant and One Hour with You were also nominated for Outstanding Production in 1932. In 1946, he received an Honorary Academy Award for his distinguished contributions to the art of the motion picture.
Winifred Deforest Coffin
Winifred "Winnie" Deforest Coffin (October 16, 1911– December 18, 1986) was an American character actress who did not start her Hollywood career until 1960 at age 50. She appeared on a number of television shows, including The Red Skelton Show, The Ann Sothern Show and Adam-12 and movies such as Eight on the Lam, Angel in My Pocket, and Now You See Him, Now You Don't.

The Ann Sothern Show
The Ann Sothern Show is an American sitcom starring Ann Sothern that aired on CBS for three seasons from October 6, 1958, to March 30, 1961. Created by Bob Schiller and Bob Weiskopf, the series was the second starring vehicle for Sothern, who had previously starred in Private Secretary, which also aired on CBS from 1953 to 1957.

Sothern portrayed the character Katy O'Connor, the assistant manager of the upscale New York City hotel The Bartley House. Co-stars for the series included Ann Tyrrell,  Don Porter and Jesse White who had also co-starred with her in Private Secretary.
Nadziruddin Mohamed Bandi
Nadziruddin bin Mohamed Bandi is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Changkat Jong since November 2022. He is a member of Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a party component of Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalitions.

Malaysian United Indigenous Party
The Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Malay: Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia; abbrev: BERSATU or PPBM) is a nationalist political party in Malaysia. The party was preceded by the United Indigenous Association of Malaysia (Malay: Persatuan Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) and founded by members of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia. It is a major component of the Perikatan Nasional coalition.

Full membership in the party is limited only for Bumiputeras (indigenous communities of Malaysia). Non-Bumiputeras are permitted to join the party as associate members who are not eligible to vote and contest party elections.