hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Icelandic municipal elections
Municipal elections took place in Iceland on 14 May 2022 to elect 64 municipal councils, including 5 councils for municipalities that will be formed after the elections as several municipal mergers take effect. The general method used for the election of the councils is party-list proportional representation if two or more party lists are presented for the elections. 49 municipal councils will be elected in that manner. In two municipalities, only a single list was presented, meaning that the candidates on that list are elected to the municipal council without a vote. In the remaining 13 municipalities, no list of candidates was presented. Municipal councils in those municipalities will be elected using a form of plurality block voting were voters write in the names of their preferred candidates.

The largest Icelandic municipality by far is the capital city of Reykjavík with 36% of the population. 11 parties competed in the elections for the 23 seats on the Reykjavík City Council.

Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats  roughly proportional to their share of the vote.

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in Spain, Turkey, and Israel (closed lists); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to determine the share of representation of their respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage).
Petrophytum cinerascens
Petrophytum cinerascens (orth. var. Petrophyton cinerascens) is a rare species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common names halfshrub rockmat and Chelan rockmat. It is endemic to the state of Washington in the United States, where it occurs in just a few locations along the Columbia River in Chelan and Douglas Counties.

Douglas County, Washington
Douglas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 42,938. The county seat is Waterville, while its largest settlement is East Wenatchee. The county was created out of Lincoln County on November 28, 1883 and is named for American statesman Stephen A. Douglas.

Douglas County is part of the Wenatchee, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Yokote Gymnasium
Yokote Gymnasium (横手体育館) is an indoor sporting arena located in Yokote, Akita, Japan.  It hosts indoor sporting events such as basketball,  volleyball and table tennis. It hosted National Sports Festival of Japan men's volleyball games in 2007. Japan women's national basketball team, Japan national 3x3 team, and Japan women's national 3x3 team practiced here.

Japan women's national basketball team
The Japan women's national basketball team, also known as Akatsuki Japan (Japanese: アカツキジャパン), is the national team representing Japan in international basketball competitions. It is administered by the Japan Basketball Association.

At the 2020 Summer Olympics, Japan won the silver medal, the nation's first Olympic basketball medal (for men or women) and became the first Asian team to reach the podium in women's basketball since China in 1992. The Japanese, which were coached by Tom Hovasse, excelled in an 87–71 win over France in the semi-finals before coming short 75–90 against the United States. Japan's Rui Machida set an Olympic record with 18 assists against France.
Molecular reference standards
Molecular/Genomic reference standards are a class of ‘controls’ or standards used to check the performance of molecular diagnostic assays. Molecular/Genomic Reference Materials (RMs) are selected or engineered to model a specific genetic biomarker as it occurs in a patient biopsy. Reference materials (RM) are used for a calibration of the measuring system, for assessment of a measurement procedure, for assigning values to materials, or for quality control.

Quality control
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements".

This approach places emphasis on three aspects (enshrined in standards such as ISO 9001):

Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records

Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications

Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.

Inspection is a major component of quality control, where physical product is examined visually (or the end results of a service are analyzed). Product inspectors will be provided with lists and descriptions of unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes for example.
Tsin Sai-nin
Tsin Sai-nin (Chinese: 錢世年) was a Hong Kong educator, unionist and politician. He was an elected member of the Urban Council, former president of the Hong Kong Chinese Civil Servants' Association and the founder of the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (HKPTU).

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
Assumption Cathedral, Kingstown
The Assumption Cathedral,  also called Catholic Cathedral of Kingstown or Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption or simply St. Mary's Cathedral, is a Catholic cathedral located in the city of Kingstown the capital, port city and the main commercial center of the Caribbean country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines in the East of the Lesser Antilles. It is the cathedral church of the Diocese of Kingstown.

Its history dates back to a first structure erected in stages from 1823 although the present building was completed in the 1930s decade. It was declared Co-cathedral of the Diocese of Bridgetown-Kingstown in 1971 and since 1989 is Kingstown's Cathedral. It stands out for its striking architecture which is a combination of styles (Moorish, Romanesque, Byzantine, Venetian and Flemish)  that strongly contrasts with the rest of the city.

It is under the pastoral responsibility of Bishop Gerard County.

Kingstown
Kingstown /ˈkɪŋsˌtaʊn/ is the capital and largest city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The city, located on the main island of Saint Vincent, has the main port and the biggest commercial center of the islands. With a population of 12,909 (2012), Kingstown is the most populous settlement in the country. It is the island's agricultural industry centre and a port of entry for tourists. The city lies within the parish of Saint George in the south-west corner of Saint Vincent.
Grafton and Upton Railroad
The Grafton and Upton Railroad (reporting mark GU) is a Class III short line railroad in east-central Massachusetts.  This 24.85 mile line runs from Grafton to Franklin and connects to CSX Transportation lines at both ends. Following a period of decline and neglect, maintenance and repairs began in 2008 with the aim of returning the line to operable condition.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Red Covered Bridge (Morristown, Vermont)
The Red Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge, carrying Cole Hill Road across Sterling Brook in Morristown, Vermont.  Built in 1896, it is the only surviving 19th-century covered bridge in the town, and one of the last to be built during the historic period of covered bridge construction in the state.  It is of queen post truss design, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Bongloor
Bongloor is a village and panchayat in Rangareddy district, Telangana, India. It comes under Ibrahimpatnam mandal.

It is 5 kilometers away from Hyderabad city. The Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad is passing through this village and has a major junction located here. State Bank of Hyderabad has its branch in the village. It was one of the three options for the site of the Hyderabad Airport, the others being Nadergul and Shamshabad, the selected location.

Ranga Reddy district
Ranga Reddy district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The district headquarters is located at Kongara Kalan Village, Ibrahimpatnam Mandal. The district was named after the former deputy chief minister of the United Andhra Pradesh, K. V. Ranga Reddy. The district shares boundaries with Nalgonda, Yadadri, Hyderabad, Medchal–Malkajgiri, Nagarkurnool, Mahabubnagar, Sangareddy and Vikarabad districts.
Firozabad (Karachi)
Firozabad (فیروز آباد) is one of the neighbourhoods of Jamshed Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

The several ethnic groups residing in this area include Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras Ismailis and Christians.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
Krogulna
Krogulna [krɔˈɡulna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pokój, within Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

The name of the village is of Polish origin and comes from the word krogulec, which means "sparrowhawk".

Namysłów County
Namysłów County (Polish: powiat namysłowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Namysłów, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of the regional capital, which is the city of Opole.

The county covers an area of 747.67 square kilometres (288.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 42,692, out of which the population of Namysłów is 16,557 and the rural population is 27,400.
Staroturayevo
Staroturayevo (Russian: Старотураево; Bashkir: Иҫке Турай, İśke Turay) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Staroturayevsky Selsoviet, Yermekeyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 771 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

Yermekeyevsky District
Yermekeyevsky District (Russian: Ермеке́евский райо́н; Bashkir: Йәрмәкәй районы, Yärmäkäy rayonı; Tatar: Ярмәкәй районы, Yarmäkäy rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Tuymazinsky District in the north, Belebeyevsky District in the east, Bizhbulyaksky District in the southeast, and with Orenburg Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan in the west. The area of the district is 1,437 square kilometers (555 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yermekeyevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 17,162, with the population of Yermekeyevo accounting for 22.9% of that number.
Erotic fiction
Erotic fiction is a part of erotic literature and a genre of fiction that portrays sex or sexual themes, generally in a more literary or serious way than the fiction seen in pornographic magazines. It sometimes includes elements of satire or social criticism. Such works have frequently been banned by the government or religious authorities. Non-fictional works that portray sex or sexual themes may contain fictional elements. Calling an erotic book 'a memoir' is a literary device that is common in this genre. For reasons similar to those that make pseudonyms both commonplace and often deviously set up, the boundary between fiction and non-fiction is broad.

Erotic fiction has been credited in large part for the sexual awakening and liberation of women in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Doujinshi
Doujinshi (同人誌), also romanized as dōjinshi, is the Japanese term for self-published print works, such as magazines, manga, and novels. Part of a wider category of doujin (self-published) works, doujinshi are often derivative of existing works and created by amateurs, though some professional artists participate in order to publish material outside the regular industry.

Groups of doujinshi artists refer to themselves as a sākuru (サークル, circle). Several such groups actually consist of a single artist: they are sometimes called kojin sākuru (個人サークル, personal circles).

Since the 1980s, the main method of distribution has been through regular doujinshi conventions, the largest of which is called Comiket (short for "Comic Market") held in the summer and winter in Tokyo's Big Sight. At the convention, over 20 acres (81,000 m2) of doujinshi are bought, sold, and traded by attendees.
Big Jim Sullivan
James George Tomkins (14 February 1941 – 2 October 2012), known professionally as Big Jim Sullivan, was an English guitarist.

Best known as a session guitarist, he was one of the most in-demand studio musicians in the UK in the 1960s and 1970s, and performed on around 750 charting singles over his career, including 54 UK number one hits.

Jack Good (producer)
Jack Good (7 August 1931 – 24 September 2017) was a British television producer, musical theatre producer, record producer, musician and painter of icons. As a television producer, he was responsible for the early popular music shows Six-Five Special, Oh Boy!, Boy Meets Girls and Wham!!, the first UK teenage music programmes. Good managed some of the UK's first rock and roll stars, including Tommy Steele, Marty Wilde, Billy Fury, Jess Conrad and Cliff Richard.
Jack Good portrayed the British Submarine Captain who relayed Hogan's Messages to London on Hogan's Heroes(American TV Sitcom 1966 to 1972.) Good is especially prominent in Hogan's Heroes Season 3, Episode 30 "Monkey Business."
Simple lens
In optics, a simple lens or singlet lens is a lens consisting of a single simple element. Typical examples include a magnifying glass or a lens in a pair of simple reading glasses.

Simple lenses are prone to aberrations, especially chromatic aberration. They cannot be used for precise imaging and make poor camera lenses.  They are commonly used for laser applications, however, where the beams are both monochromatic (minimizing chromatic aberration) and narrow (minimizing spherical aberration).

Some cameras  with fixed lenses have been made using a simple lens, usually a meniscus lens with the convex face facing outward. In such examples the lens aperture is made small and in some cases (such as the Kodak Brownie 127 camera), the film plane is curved to reduce the impact of aberrations.

Chromatic aberration
In optics, chromatic aberration (CA), also called chromatic distortion, color aberration, color fringing, or purple fringing, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light. The refractive index of most transparent materials decreases with increasing wavelength. Since the focal length of a lens depends on the refractive index, this variation in refractive index affects focusing. Since the focal length of the lens varies with the color of the light, different colors of light are brought to focus at different distances from the lens or with different levels of magnification. Chromatic aberration manifests itself as "fringes" of color along boundaries that separate dark and bright parts of the image.
Wałpusz
Wałpusz [ˈvau̯puʂ] (German: Waldpusch) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczytno, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

About 1785 there have been 12 households.

Until 1945 the area was part of Germany (East Prussia).

Szczytno County
Szczytno County (Polish: powiat szczycieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczytno, which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Pasym, lying 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Szczytno.

The county covers an area of 1,933.1 square kilometres (746.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 69,289, out of which the population of Szczytno is 25,680, that of Pasym is 2,550, and the rural population is 41,059.
Gikeiki
The Gikeiki (義経記) or Chronicle of Yoshitsune is a Japanese gunki monogatari ("war-tale") that focuses on the legends of Minamoto no Yoshitsune and his followers. It is the oldest extant collection of stories concerning Yoshitune's boyhood and fugitive years and the single most important source for the Yoshitune legend which is written about how a legend is born and how a folk hero is shaped. It seems clearly to have intended to supplement Heike Monogatari and other tales of the war. Thought to have been written during the Nanboku-chō period, from the perspective of literature, it has provided inspiration to numerous Noh, kabuki and bunraku plays. Much of the image that people today have of Yoshitsune and those associated with him (Saitō no Musashibō Benkei and Shizuka Gozen, for example) is considered to have been influenced by the Gikeiki. It is also thought that this work is comparable to "Soga Brothers Monogatari", a work from the same period.

Bunraku
Bunraku (文楽; Japanese pronunciation: [bɯꜜn.ɾa.kɯ]) is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in the beginning of the 17th century, which is still performed in the modern day. Three kinds of performers take part in a bunraku performance: the Ningyōtsukai or Ningyōzukai (puppeteers), the tayū (chanters), and shamisen musicians. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used.
The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called jōruri and the Japanese word for puppet (or dolls, generally) is ningyō. It is used in many plays.
Charlapalli railway station
Charlapalli railway station (station code: CHZ) is the fifth major Railway Terminal developed in Hyderabad City after Nampally, Secunderabad Jn, Kacheguda and Lingampally. It is the third biggest railway station in terms of platforms after Secunderabad Jn and Vijayawada Jn in the entire South Central Railways zone. It has been redeveloped to facilitate future needs and to create wider connectivity to other cities and parts of the country. It is currently operated by the South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. The station was mainly developed to reduce the load on the other three major terminals, which are saturated with heavy movement of trains and passengers.

Lingampalli railway station
Lingampalli railway station is a second grade non-suburban (NSG–2) category Indian railway station in Hyderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. It is located in Hyderabad of the Indian state of Telangana. It was selected as one of the 21 stations to be developed under Amrit Bharat Stations scheme.

For the financial year 2023-24, the station recorded an overall originating passenger count of 58,43,624.
Suchecki
Suchecki (feminine: Suchecka) is a Polish surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Ignacy Suchecki (died 1803), Polish nobleman and military leader

Jim Suchecki (1926–2000), Major League Baseball pitcher

Zbigniew Suchecki (born 1984), Polish speedway rider

Teresa Suchecka-Nowak (1926–2011), Polish World War II underground fighter

Ignacy Suchecki
Ignacy Suchecki of Poraj (died 1803) was the stolnik of Chernihiv in 1754, and the colonel of Piotrków County in 1764.

In 1764, he was an elector of Stanisław August Poniatowski from Sieradz Voivodeship. He, along with a number of deputies in the Partition Sejm, attempted to prevent the legalization of the First Partition of Poland, but ultimately failed.