hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grunwald–Winstein equation
In physical organic chemistry, the Grunwald–Winstein equation is a linear free energy relationship between relative rate constants and the ionizing power of various solvent systems, describing the effect of solvent as nucleophile on different substrates. The equation, which was developed by Ernest Grunwald and Saul Winstein in 1948, could be written

where the  kx, sol and kx, 80% EtOH are the solvolysis rate constants for a certain compound in different solvent systems and in the reference solvent, 80% aqueous ethanol, respectively. The parameter m is a parameter measuring the sensitivity of the solvolysis rate with respect to Y, the measure of ionizing power of the solvent.

Solvolysis
In chemistry, solvolysis is a type of nucleophilic substitution (SN1/SN2) or  elimination where the nucleophile is a solvent molecule. Characteristic of SN1 reactions, solvolysis of a chiral reactant affords the racemate. Sometimes however, the stereochemical course is complicated by intimate ion pairs, whereby the leaving anion remains close to the carbocation, effectively shielding it from an attack by the nucleophile. Particularly fast reactions can occur by neighbour group participation, with nonclassical ions as intermediates or transition states.
Tucket's Gold
Children's literature portal

Tucket's Gold is the fourth novel in The Tucket Adventures series by Gary Paulsen. It was first published in 1999. It features the main character Francis Tucket and his adopted children struggling to stay out of reach of the Comancheros.

Comanchero
The Comancheros were a group of 18th- and 19th-century traders based in northern and central New Mexico. They made their living by trading with the nomadic Great Plains Indian tribes in northeastern New Mexico, West Texas, and other parts of the southern plains of North America. The name "Comancheros" comes from the Comanche tribe, in whose territory they traded. They traded manufactured goods (tools and cloth), flour, tobacco, and bread for hides, livestock, and slaves from the Comanche. As the Comancheros did not have regular access to weapons and gunpowder, disagreement exists about how much they traded these with the Comanche.
South African cricket team in England in 1998
The South African cricket team toured England in the 1998 season to play a five-match Test series against England.

England won the series 2-1 with two matches drawn after being 1-0 behind with only the last two matches to play.

South Africa played a three-match series of One Day Internationals  (LOI) against England in May at the start of the tour and then played a short LOI tri-series against England and Sri Lanka to close the tour in August.

In addition, South Africa played seven first-class matches against Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, Sussex, Durham, Derbyshire, Essex and the British Universities.

1998 English cricket season
The 1998 English cricket season was the 99th in which the County Championship had been an official competition. Leicestershire won the title for the second time in three seasons while Lancashire performed the one day double. In two Test series, England defeated South Africa 2–1 and lost 1–0 to Sri Lanka.
State Reserves Bureau copper scandal
The State Reserves Bureau copper scandal refers to a loss of approximately US$150 million as a result of trading LME Copper futures contracts at the London Metal Exchange (LME) by rogue trader Liu Qibing, who was the chief trader for the Import and Export Department of the State Regulation Centre for Supply Reserves (SRCSR), the trading agency for the State Reserve Bureau (SRB) of China in 2005.

London Metal Exchange
The London Metal Exchange (LME) is a futures and forwards exchange in London, United Kingdom with the world's largest market in standardised forward contracts, futures contracts and options on base metals. The exchange also offers contracts on ferrous metals and precious metals. The company also allows for cash trading. It offers hedging, worldwide reference pricing, and the option of physical delivery to settle contracts.
Kherur
Kherur is a village in Bhatar CD block in Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in the state of West Bengal, India with total 877 families residing. It is located about 34 kilometres (21 mi) from West Bengal on National Highway  towards Purba Bardhaman.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Sung Kyung-mo
Sung Kyung-Mo (born 26 June 1980) is a South Korean football player who played for Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors, Incheon United and Gwangju FC.

He was released for accepting bribes as part of a probe into match-fixing in the league on 19 May 2011. On 17 June 2011, his football career was rescinded by the Korea Professional Football League with other accomplices.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC (Korean: 전북 현대 모터스 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Jeonbuk have won the K League a record ten times, including five consecutive titles between 2017 and 2021, and the Korea Cup six times, which is also a joint-record. At international level, the club have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2006 and 2016. Jeonbuk have also made two appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup, most recently in the 2016 edition. The club's home ground is the Jeonju World Cup Stadium.
Komandarm Fedko-class oiler
The Komandarm Fedko class is a class of replenishment tankers operated by the Indian and Chinese navies. Four ships of the Komandarm Fedko class were constructed by the Soviet Union, later Russia, of which one was bought by India, one by China and two are in commercial service. INS Jyoti (meaning "light") is the third largest ship in the Indian Navy after the aircraft carriers INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya.

INS Vikramaditya
INS Vikramaditya (lit. 'Valour Comparable to the Sun') is a conventionally powered STOBAR aircraft carrier currently serving as the flagship of the Indian Navy. It is a modified Kiev class aircraft cruiser purchased from Russia and entered into service in 2013.

Originally built as Baku and commissioned in 1987, the carrier served with the Soviet Navy and later with the Russian Navy (as Admiral Gorshkov) before being decommissioned in 1996. After years of negotiations, the carrier was purchased by India on 20 January 2004. The transformed ship completed her sea trials in July 2013 and first naval aviation trials in September 2013.

Vikramaditya was commissioned on 16 November 2013 at a ceremony held at Severodvinsk, Russia. On 14 June 2014, the newly elected Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, formally inducted Vikramaditya into the Indian Navy.
Beretta Nano
The Beretta BU 9 Nano is a semi-automatic, striker fired, micro compact pistol line that was manufactured by Beretta USA in the United States at its Gallatin, Tennessee facility. Until 2016, it was manufactured at Beretta USA's main headquarters in Accokeek, Maryland. The Nano was introduced in October of 2011 and was chambered in 9mm Luger.

Firing pin
A firing pin or striker is a part of the firing mechanism of a firearm that impacts the primer in the base of a cartridge and causes it to fire.  In firearms terminology, a striker is a particular type of firing pin where a compressed spring acts directly on the firing pin to provide the impact force rather than it being struck by a hammer.

The terms may also be used for a component of equipment or a device which has a similar function.  Such equipment or devices include: artillery, munitions and pyrotechnics.
Mineriad
The mineriads (Romanian: mineriade) were a series of protests and often violent altercations by Jiu Valley miners in Bucharest during the 1990s, particularly 1990–91. The term "mineriad" is also used to refer to the most significant and violent of these encounters, which occurred 13–15 June, 1990. During the 1990s, the Jiu Valley miners played a visible role in Romanian politics, and their protests reflected inter-political and societal struggles after the Romanian Revolution.

Victory Square, Bucharest
Victory Square (Romanian: Piața Victoriei, pronounced [ˈpjat͡sa vikˈtori.ej]) is one of the major public squares in Bucharest, Romania, an intersection where Calea Victoriei, Lascăr Catargiu Boulevard, Iancu de Hunedoara Boulevard, Kiseleff Boulevard, Ion Mihalache Boulevard, and Nicolae Titulescu Boulevard cross.
Wadi Shah, Ras Al Khaimah
Wadi Shah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة, also known as Wadi Shehah) is a wadi, or waterway, in the mountains of Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates (UAE). A popular hiking location near Jebel Jais, the highest point in the UAE, Wadi Shah is also the location of the abandoned former settlement of Shah.

Jebel Jais
Jebel Jais (Arabic: جبل جيس, romanized: Jabal Jays) is a mountain of the North-Western Hajar range in the Musandam Governorate of Oman and also in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates. The summit has an elevation of 1,934 m (6,345 ft). The summit is located on the Omani side, but a high point west of this peak is considered the highest point in the United Arab Emirates, at 1,892 m (6,207 ft) above sea level, and with around 10m of prominence. Since the summit is on the Omani side, Jabal ar Raḩraḩ, at 1,691 m (5,548 ft), is the highest peak in the UAE, with significant prominence.
WTKE-FM
WTKE-FM (100.3 MHz) is a radio station broadcasting a classic rock format. Licensed to Niceville, Florida, United States, the station serves the Fort Walton Beach area. WTKE-FM is owned by Jennifer and James Hale, through licensee Omni Broadcasting, LLC.

The station was assigned the call sign WNCV on May 7, 1992. On August 1, 2006, the station changed its call sign to WRKN. On November 19, 2009, WRKN swapped call signs with sister station WTKE-FM (which became WHWY). Prior to May 4, 2022, WTKE-FM was broadcasting sports as "The Ticket Sports Network" as a CBS Sports Radio affiliate. "The Ticket Sports Network" is now on WTKE-FM HD 2 and broadcasts at 103.7 on translator W259AN and 97.1 on translator W246BN in Pensacola, Florida.

WTKE-FM's prograsmming includes Alice Cooper and his Nights with Alice Cooper show, Carol Miller's Get the Led Out, Sammy Hagar's Top Rock Countdown, Live in Concert, and Dee Snider's House of Hair.

Fort Walton Beach, Florida
Fort Walton Beach, often referred to by the initialism FWB, is a city in southern Okaloosa County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, Fort Walton Beach had a population of 20,922. It is a principal city of the Crestview−Fort Walton Beach−Destin, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Fort Walton Beach is a year-round fishing and beach resort community. Its busiest time of the year is the summer, causing a boost to the local economy because of tourism.
1938 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1938 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the 29th staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1938. The championship ran from 12 June to 9 October 1938.

The final was played on 9 October 1938 at the Castle Grounds in Macroom, between Bantry Blues and Dohenys, in what was their first meeting in the final in two years. Bantry Blues won the match by 1-01 to 0-02 to claim their fourth championship title overall, a first title in two years and a third title in five seasons.

Macroom GAA
Macroom GAA is a Gaelic football and hurling club based in the town and surrounding parish of Macroom in County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated with Cork GAA county board and the Muskerry GAA divisional board. The club has been one of the most successful Gaelic football clubs in Cork, having won the Cork Senior Football Championship ten times and having contributed numerous players to Cork GAA football teams.
Skrela
Skrela is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Skrela (born 1979), French rugby union footballer

Gaëlle Skrela (born 1983), French basketball player

Jean-Claude Skrela (born 1949), French rugby player and coach, father of David

David Skrela
David Skrela (born 2 March 1979) is a former French rugby union player. He most notably played for Stade Français and Toulouse in the Top 14 as well as the French national side as a fly-half or centre. He was renowned for his tackles and his kicking skills.
2017 Pocono Green 250
The 2017 Pocono Green 250 was the 12th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series season and the second iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, June 10, 2017, Long Pond, Pennsylvania, at Pocono Raceway, a 2.5 miles (4.0 km) triangular permanent course. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. At race's end, Brad Keselowski driving for Team Penske, would make a last lap pass on the final lap to win his 35th career NASCAR Xfinity Series win and his first win of the season. To fill out the podium, Justin Allgaier of JR Motorsports and Kyle Larson of Chip Ganassi Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

Kyle Benjamin
Kyle S. Benjamin (born November 3, 1997) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in Pro Late Model competition, driving the No. 9 for Jett Motorsports. Benjamin has also competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series for Joe Gibbs Racing. He is a member of the 2015 NASCAR Next class and has formerly competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, Camping World Truck Series, and K&N Pro Series East.
Pelotas (TV series)
Pelotas (Balls) is a Spanish tragicomedy television series created by José Corbacho and Juan Cruz. It was broadcast on La 1 of Televisión Española, between 23 February 2009 and 7 June 2010.

The series recounts the lives of local Unión Fútbol Club supporters in Hospitalet de Llobregat, a suburb of Barcelona.

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [luspitəˈlɛd də ʎuβɾəˈɣat; ˌlɔs-]; Spanish: Hospitalet de Llobregat), often shortened to L'Hospitalet or just L'H, is a city and municipality in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. It is part of the Barcelona metropolitan area, the Barcelona province, the Barcelonès comarca and of the Barcelona conurbation. With a population of 282,299 as of 2024, it is the 15th-largest city in Spain and the 2nd-largest city in Catalonia.

By population, it is the second largest municipality in Catalonia and the sixteenth in Spain. It is one of the most densely populated cities in the European Union.
1982–83 Honduran Liga Nacional
The 1982–83 Honduran Liga Nacional season was the 17th edition of the Honduran Liga Nacional.  The format of the tournament remained the same as the previous season, with the exception that no final series were played.  Club Deportivo Olimpia won the title after finishing first in the final round and qualified to the 1983 CONCACAF Champions' Cup along with runners-up C.D. Motagua.

Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras, known as Liga Hondubet for sponsorship reasons (Honduran National Professional Football League) is the highest division of domestic football in Honduras. The league season is divided into Opening (autumn) and Closing (spring). One team is relegated to the Liga de Ascenso (the team with fewest points in Opening and Closing) and one team is promoted from Liga de Ascenso. The top four clubs participate in play-offs to decide the champion.
Eduardus Johannes Petrus van Meeuwen
Jonkheer Eduardus Johannes Petrus van Meeuwen (12 September 1802 in 's-Hertogenbosch – 8 October 1873 in 's-Hertogenbosch) was a Dutch politician from a Catholic family. In 1834, with his father, he was created a member of the lower nobility by King William I of the Netherlands with the title of jonkheer.

Van Meeuwen, a son of Petrus Andreas van Meeuwen, was to become president of the Senate of the Netherlands. In 1846 he was made governor of Limburg, the last with this official title; the function is now called King's (or Queen's) commissioner.

King's commissioner
A King's commissioner (Dutch: Commissaris van de Koning, CvdK) is the head of government and legislature in a province of the Netherlands. When the reigning monarch is a woman, the title is Queen's commissioner (Commissaris van de Koningin).

A commissioner is appointed by the Dutch Crown as its official representative, and serves as the non-voting chair of the provincial legislature, the States-Provincial. They also serve as chair and full and voting member of the Provincial executive.
Santo Amaro do Maranhão
Santo Amaro do Maranhão is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.

The municipality contains part of the 1,535,310-hectare (3,793,800-acre) Upaon-Açu/Miritiba/Alto Preguiças Environmental Protection Area, created in 1992.

The city os Santo Amaro do Maranhão is one of the 3 that are part of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, an uncommon landscape which mixes dunes and cristal clear lakes.

Maranhão
Maranhão (/ˌmɑːrəˈnjaʊn/, MAH-rə-NYOWN; Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi) and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean for 2,243 km and the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent within the common Northeastern Brazilian dialect. Maranhão is described in literary works such as Exile Song by Gonçalves Dias and Casa de Pensão by Aluísio Azevedo.

The dunes of Lençóis are an important area of environmental preservation. Also of interest is the state capital of São Luís, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Another important conservation area is the Parnaíba River delta, between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, with its lagoons, desert dunes and deserted beaches or islands, such as Caju island, which shelters rare birds.
David Downing (actor)
David Downing was an American stage, film, and television actor. He was one of the original members of the Negro Ensemble Company in New York City.

Downing, a native of Harlem, New York City, attended the High School of Performing Arts. As a child actor, he made his professional debut on Broadway in The Green Pastures. He served a tour of duty with the U.S. Armed Forces in Okinawa.

As part of the Negro Ensemble Company in the 1960s and 70s, Downing appeared in productions including the Obie Award-winning musical The Great MacDaddy, and the successful play Ceremonies in Dark Old Men. Downing later appeared in the Pulitzer Prize-nominated play, Miss Evers' Boys.

Downing appeared in films, including Gordon's War, and numerous television shows, including The Jeffersons, Baretta, Backstairs at the White House, and Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.

Downing died in Los Angeles on November 1, 2017, at the age of 74.

High School of Performing Arts
The High School of Performing Arts (informally known as "PA") was a public alternative high school established in 1947 and located at 120 West 46th Street in the borough of Manhattan, New York City, from 1948 to 1984.

In 1961, the school was merged with another alternative arts school, the High School of Music & Art, while each retained its own campus. Plans for establishing a joint building for the merged schools took many years to be realized. There was opposition to the loss of PA's individual identity, but both student bodies eventually moved into a shared building in 1984, and renamed the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts.

Many well-known performers were trained at the school, such as Eartha Kitt, Liza Minnelli, Jennifer Aniston, Ving Rhames, Lorraine Toussaint, and Suzanne Vega.

The 1980 film Fame was set in the High School of Performing Arts, though the building was not used in filming.
Suillus triacicularis
Suillus triacicularis is a species of bolete fungus in the family Suillaceae. Described as new to science in 2014, it is found in the northwestern Himalayas, India, where it grows in association with Pinus roxburghii.

Pinus roxburghii
Pinus roxburghii, commonly known as chir pine or longleaf Indian pine, is a species of pine tree native to the Himalayas. It was named after William Roxburgh. It used to have a larger distribution reaching as far Gujarat.
2021 Constellation Cup
The 2021 Constellation Cup, also known as the Cadbury Netball Series, was the 11th Constellation Cup series between New Zealand and Australia. The series featured four netball test matches, played in March 2021. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, all four matches were hosted at the Christchurch Arena and only the final match was played with spectators in attendance. The series was won by New Zealand, who defeated Australia by three games to one, winning the  Constellation Cup for the second time and for the first time since 2012.

Wolfbrook Arena
Wolfbrook Arena is an indoor arena in Christchurch, New Zealand. It is located in the suburb of Addington. Opened in September 1998, it has gone through a series of name changes, most recently in 2023, when it was renamed from Christchurch Arena.
Greatest Hits: 1985–1995
Greatest Hits: 1985–1995, released in Europe as simply Greatest Hits, is a compilation album by the American rock band Heart. This compilation is a companion to the 1998 Epic Records release Greatest Hits (1976–1983) and collects the band's studio hits from the Capitol Records years on a single disc, including the semi-rarities of the Ann Wilson and Cheap Trick singer Robin Zander duet "Surrender to Me" and the previously unreleased studio cover version of John Farnham's "You're the Voice".

Surrender to Me (Ann Wilson and Robin Zander song)
"Surrender to Me" is a power ballad performed by Ann Wilson (lead singer of Heart) and Robin Zander (lead singer of Cheap Trick). The song was written by Ross Vannelli and Richard Marx and was featured on the soundtrack to the 1988 film Tequila Sunrise starring Mel Gibson, Michelle Pfeiffer and Kurt Russell. It peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 in March 1989.