hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knaresborough Viaduct
Knaresborough Viaduct carries the Harrogate line over the River Nidd in Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England.  The railway line was supposed to have opened in 1848, but the first unfinished viaduct collapsed into the river and its replacement delayed the opening of the line through the town by three years.

The viaduct spans the Nidd Gorge about 200 metres north of the ruins of Knaresborough Castle and is a well-known landmark in the town. One writer has stated that it is one of the region's better known landmarks.

River Nidd
The River Nidd is a tributary of the River Ouse in the English county of North Yorkshire. It rises in Nidderdale at Nidd Head Spring on the slopes of Great Whernside. In its first few miles it has been dammed three times, creating Angram Reservoir, Scar House Reservoir and Gouthwaite Reservoir, which attract a total of around 150,000 visitors a year. It joins the River Ouse at Nun Monkton.

The upper river valley, Nidderdale, was designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1994.

The Yorkshire Dales Rivers Trust has a remit to conserve the ecological condition of the River Nidd from its headwaters to the Humber estuary.
Refresh, Refresh
"Refresh, Refresh" is a short story written by American author Benjamin Percy.  The story concerns the effects of the war in Iraq on two boys in a small town in Oregon where a Marine reserve battalion is based.  Many of the men in the town, including their fathers, are fighting in Iraq during the story.

Refresh, Refresh was originally published in The Paris Review.  The story won the Pushcart Prize for 2006 and was included in the anthology of short stories, Best American Short Stories 2006 (2006 editor Ann Patchett).

A collection of the same name, featuring the title story along with others, was published in 2007 by Graywolf Press.

The story was also the inspiration behind Danica Novgorodoff's graphic novel (adapted from the screenplay by James Ponsoldt).

Ann Patchett
Ann Patchett is an American writer, born December 2, 1963. In 2002 she received the PEN/Faulkner Award and the Orange Prize for Fiction for her novel Bel Canto. Patchett's other novels include The Patron Saint of Liars (1992), Taft (1994), The Magician's Assistant (1997), Run (2007), State of Wonder (2011), Commonwealth (2016), The Dutch House (2019), and Tom Lake (2023). The Dutch House was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
Arrieros de Antioquia
Arrieros de Antioquia is a Colombian basketball club from Medellín. Founded in 1993, the team plays in the Baloncesto Profesional Colombiano. The club has won four national championships, in 1993, 1996, 2001 and 2010.

The team played in the 2011 Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol as "Orgullo Paisa".

2011 Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol
The 2011 Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol, or 2011 FIBA South American League, was the sixteenth edition of the second-tier tournament for basketball teams from South America. The tournament began on 6 October 2011 and finished on 5 February 2012. Argentine club Obras Sanitarias won the tournament, defeating Brazilian club Pinheiros in the Grand Final.
Southern Illinois 100
The Southern Illinois 100 (formerly the Rust-Oleum Automotive Finishes 100) is an ARCA Menards Series stock car race held annually on the DuQuoin State Fairgrounds Racetrack during the DuQuoin State Fair on Labor Day weekend.

It is one of two dirt races on the ARCA schedule, the other being the Springfield ARCA 100 at the Illinois State Fairgrounds Racetrack, both of which are longtime events on the series schedule. These two races are part of the Performance Seed Dirt Double, which is a $20,000 bonus that is given to a driver who wins both races (the last time it happened was Parker Kligerman in 2009) and if not, bonuses are given to the drivers with the three best average finishes in the two races ($7,500 for first best, $5,000 for second best and $2,500 for third best).

Parker Kligerman
Parker Lindsley Kligerman (born August 8, 1990) is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver, color commentator for NASCAR on The CW, studio talent for NASCAR on TNT Sports, and pit reporter for NASCAR on NBC. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 75 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Henderson Motorsports, and in the IMSA SportsCar Championship driving the No. 78 Lamborghini Huracán GT3 Evo 2 for Forte Racing in the GTD class. Kligerman is a former development driver for Team Penske. He has worked for NBC since 2015 as a TV analyst and pit reporter. In 2023, Kligerman co-founded the motorsports media company "The Money Lap" with Landon Cassill.
History of the Newcastle Knights
The history of the Newcastle Knights Rugby League Football Club goes back to their inception in the late 1980s. As part of the NSWRL premiership's gradual expansion into a national competition, a Newcastle-based club was admitted in 1988. The Knights have competed in every season of rugby league in Australia since.

Allan McMahon
Allan McMahon (9 August 1954 – 23 May 2003), known by the nickname "Macca", was an Australian professional rugby league footballer and coach. He was an Australian test player and was a coach of the Canberra Raiders, Newcastle Knights and Illawarra Steelers.
Juraj Bakoš
Juraj Bakoš (born September 3, 1960) is a former Slovak professional ice hockey player who played in the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League and currently GM of HC Slovan Bratislava. Bakoš was drafted in the twelfth round of the 1984 NHL Entry Draft by the Philadelphia Flyers, but he never played professionally in North America. He spent his entire playing career in Czechoslovakia, playing nine seasons with HC Košice and two seasons with HK Dukla Trenčín. Bakoš served as HC Košice's general manager from 2004 to 2017.

HC Košice
Hockey Club Košice is a Slovak professional ice hockey club based in Košice that competes in the Slovak Extraliga, the top tier of Slovak ice hockey. It is the most successful hockey club in Slovakia and the former Czechoslovakia, having won the Tipos Extraliga ten times, the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League twice, the 1st. Slovak National Hockey League once, the IIHF Continental Cup once, the Tatra Cup 11 times, and the Rona Cup four times. The club is nicknamed "Oceliari" ("Steelers" in English). The team plays at the Steel Arena in Košice.
Anandamath
Anandamath (Bengali: আনন্দমঠ [ˈanonˌdomɔʈʰ]; lit. 'The Abbey of Bliss') is a Bengali Indian-nationalist historical novel, written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. It is inspired by and set in the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion and Great Bengal famine of 1770. It is considered one of the most important novels in the history of Bengali and Indian literature.

Vande Mataram, which means "Hail to the Motherland ", the first song to represent India as the Motherland, was published in this novel. After India gained independence in 1947, it was adopted as the national song of the Republic of India in 1950.

Homeland
A homeland is a place where a national or ethnic identity has formed. The definition can also mean simply one's country of birth. When used as a proper noun, the Homeland, as well as its equivalents in other languages, often has ethnic nationalist connotations. A homeland may also be referred to as a fatherland, a motherland, or a mother country, depending on the culture and language of the nationality in question.
1961 Kesteven County Council election
Elections to Kesteven County Council were held on Saturday, 15 April 1961. Kesteven was one of three divisions of the historic county of Lincolnshire in England; it consisted of the ancient wapentakes (or hundreds) of Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, and Winnibriggs and Threo. The Local Government Act 1888 established Kesteven as an administrative county, governed by a Council; elections were held every three years from 1889, until it was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972, which established Lincolnshire County Council in its place.

The county was divided into 60 electoral divisions, each of which returned one member. In 1961 there were contests in 7 of these.

Winnibriggs and Threo
Winnibriggs and Threo was an anciently established wapentake in the Parts of Kesteven, the south-east division of the English county of Lincolnshire. Most of the administrative functions of the wapentake had been lost to other local units of government by 1832.
Blackthorn Peak
Blackthorn Peak, also known as Black Thorn, is a 4,117 foot (1,255 meter) mountain summit located at the head of Glacier Bay's Geikie Inlet in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, in the Fairweather Range of the Saint Elias Mountains, in southeast Alaska. The mountain is situated immediately east of Geikie Glacier, 80 mi (129 km) west-northwest of Juneau, and 2.5 mi (4 km) north of Threesome Mountain, which is the nearest higher peak. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since the mountain rises up from tidewater in a little over two miles. The mountain was given its descriptive name in 1896 by Harry Fielding Reid, an American geophysicist who studied glaciology in Glacier Bay. Weather permitting, Blackthorn Peak can be seen from Glacier Bay, which is a popular destination for cruise ships. The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing the peak.

Glaciology
Glaciology (from Latin  glacies 'frost, ice' and Ancient Greek  λόγος (logos) 'subject matter'; lit. 'study of ice') is the scientific study of glaciers, or, more generally, ice and natural phenomena that involve ice.

Glaciology is an interdisciplinary Earth science that integrates geophysics, geology, physical geography, geomorphology, climatology, meteorology, hydrology, biology, and ecology. The impact of glaciers on people includes the fields of human geography and anthropology. The discoveries of water ice on the Moon, Mars, Europa and Pluto add an extraterrestrial component to the field, which is referred to as "astroglaciology".
Arctotheca marginata
Arctotheca marginata is a plant belonging to the genus Arctotheca. The species is endemic to the Northern Cape and occurs on the Bokkeveld Mountains escarpment near Nieuwoudtville where it is part of the fynbos is. There are two subpopulations on one farm and they are threatened by overgrazing and the extraction of groundwater.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Kürdili
38°59′21″N 49°08′14″E﻿ / ﻿38.98917°N 49.13722°E﻿ / 38.98917; 49.13722

Kürdili (also, Kür Dili, Kurinskaya Kesa, Kurinskaya Kosa, and Kurkosa) is a village in the Neftchala Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Mikayıllı. The settlement was founded by a group of people of Russian origin at the beginning of the twentieth century when it was still located on a peninsula. In 1976, it became part of the Gizil-Agach State Reserve. In 1981, as a result of an increase in the level of the Caspian Sea, the villages of Kurkosa and Jarski ended up on an island. The government evacuated the population of Kurkosa and resettled it on the mainland, though some residents chose to stay. The last residents abandoned the village in 2013, except for one person who continued to live there as of 2017. The area of the village still forms part of the Gizil-Agach Reserve, and outsiders require a special permit to access it.

Ghizil-Agaj State Reserve
Ghzil-Aghaj State Reserve (Azerbaijani: Qızılağac dövlət qoruğu), meaning golden tree, was established on July 3, 1929, by the Committee on Protection of the Ancient and Art Monuments of Azerbaijan on an area of 884 km2 on Ghizil-Agaj Bay at the southwestern shore of the Caspian Sea, in Lankaran District, southeastern Azerbaijan.
Autesion
In Greek mythology, Autesion (Ancient Greek: Αὐτεσίων; gen.: Αὐτεσίωνος), was a king of Thebes. He was the son of Tisamenus, the grandson of Thersander and Demonassa and the great-grandson of Polynices and Argea.

Autesion is called the father of Theras and Argeia, by the latter of whom Aristodemus became the father of Eurysthenes and Procles. Autesion was a native of Thebes, where he had succeeded his father as king, but at the command of an oracle he went to Peloponnesus and joined the Dorians.

Autesion was also the name of a warrior who was killed by Corymbasos (Κορύμβασος), who was a chief of the Indians, in the epic poem Dionysiaca.

Procles
In Greek legends, Procles (Greek: Προκλῆς, "the renowned") was one of the Heracleidae, a great-great-great-grandson of Heracles, and a son of Aristodemus and Argia. His twin was Eurysthenes. Together they received the land of Lacedaemon after Cresphontes, Temenus and Aristodemus defeated Tisamenus, the last Achaean king of the Peloponnesus. Procles married Anaxandra, daughter of Thersander, King of Kleonoe, sister of his sister-in-law Lathria, and was the father of Soos and the grandfather of Eurypon, founder of the Eurypontid dynasty of the Kings of Sparta.

The title of archēgetēs, "founding magistrate," was explicitly denied to Eurysthenes and Procles by the later Spartan government on the grounds that they were not founders of a state, but were maintained in their offices by parties of foreigners. Instead the honor was granted to their son and grandson, for which reason the two lines were called the Agiads and the Eurypontids.
Ethan Stiefel
Ethan Stiefel (born February 13, 1973) is an American dancer, choreographer, and director.  He was a principal dancer with American Ballet Theatre (ABT) from 1997 until July 2012.  He was the artistic director of the Royal New Zealand Ballet from 2011 to 2014.  His wife is Gillian Murphy, also a principal dancer with ABT.

The Australian Ballet
The Australian Ballet (TAB) is the largest classical ballet company in Australia. It was founded by J. C. Williamson Theatres Ltd and the Australian Elizabethan Theatre Trust in 1962, with the English-born dancer, teacher, repetiteur and director Dame Peggy van Praagh as founding artistic director. Today, it is recognised as one of the world's major international ballet companies and performs upwards of 150 performances (both in Australia and overseas) a year.
Tim Talman
Timothy C. "Tim" Talman (born February 23, 1965) is an American stage, film, and television actor.  He is the youngest son of the late William Talman, who was known on television as Perry Mason's district attorney, Hamilton Burger. With the rest of his family, he appeared in an anti-smoking ad.

Hamilton Burger
Hamilton Burger is the fictional Los Angeles County District Attorney (D.A.) in the series of novels, films, and radio and television programs featuring Perry Mason, the fictional defense attorney created by Erle Stanley Gardner.
Kell antigen system
The Kell antigen system (also known as the Kell–Cellano system) is a human blood group system, that is, a group of antigens on the human red blood cell surface which are important determinants of blood type and are targets for autoimmune or alloimmune diseases which destroy red blood cells. The Kell antigens are K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jsa and Jsb. The Kell antigens are peptides found within the Kell protein, a 93-kilodalton transmembrane zinc-dependent endopeptidase which is responsible for cleaving endothelin-3.

Endothelin
Endothelins are peptides with receptors and effects in many body organs.  Endothelin constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure. The endothelins are normally kept in balance by other mechanisms, but when overexpressed, they contribute to high blood pressure (hypertension), heart disease, and potentially other diseases.

Endothelins are 21-amino acid vasoconstricting peptides produced primarily in the endothelium having a key role in vascular homeostasis. Endothelins are implicated in vascular diseases of several organ systems, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, and brain. As of 2018, endothelins remain under extensive basic and clinical research to define their roles in several organ systems.
Graduate School of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo
Faculty of Science (東京大学理学部) is one of the 10 constituent faculties, and Graduate School of Science (東京大学大学院理学系研究科) is one of the constituent 15 graduate schools at University of Tokyo. The faculty and the graduate school operate as one with the exception of mathematics and computer science. Founded in 1877, Faculty of Science is one of the oldest 4 faculties (Science, Medicine, Law and Letters) of the University of Tokyo.

Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Science have produced 6 Nobel laureates (Esaki, Koshiba, Nanbu, Kajita, Osumi, Manabe) and one Fields Medallist (Kodaira).

Kunihiko Kodaira
Kunihiko Kodaira (小平 邦彦, Kodaira Kunihiko; Japanese pronunciation: [kodaꜜiɾa kɯɲiꜜçi̥ko], 16 March 1915 – 26 July 1997) was a Japanese mathematician known for distinguished work in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, and as the founder of the Japanese school of algebraic geometers. He was awarded a Fields Medal in 1954, being the first Japanese national to receive this honour.
Yellowdog Creative Project Management
Yellowdog Creative Project Management (also known as 'Yellowdog CPM' or just 'Yellowdog') is an independent record label, project management platform, tour management and promotions representing a variety of artists and bands. The business trades in the United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, Italy, Sweden, Ireland & United States.

Promoter (entertainment)
A promoter works with event production and entertainment industries to promote their productions, including in music and sports. Promoters are individuals or organizations engaged in the business of marketing and promoting live, or pay-per-view and similar events, such as music concerts, gigs, nightclub performances and raves, sports events, and festivals.
Robert Stanton (soccer)
Robert Stanton (born 15 April 1972 in Sydney, Australia) is a former Australian football (soccer) player, recently head coach for Newcastle Jets's A-league side and current assistant of Iraq. He primarily played as a defender.

Sutherland Sharks FC
Sutherland Sharks FC is an Australian association football club based in the suburb of Sutherland in Sydney, New South Wales. The club currently competes in the National Premier Leagues NSW. Its home games are played at Seymour Shaw Park, located in the southern Sydney suburb of Miranda. It is incorporated as a non-profit club.
Pakistani intelligence community
The Pakistani intelligence community (Urdu: جمیعت ہائے پاکستان برائے اشتراکِ
سراغرسانی) comprises the various intelligence agencies of Pakistan that work internally and externally to manage, research and collect intelligence necessary for national security. Consolidated intelligence organizations include the personnel and members of the intelligence agencies, military intelligence, and civilian intelligence and analysis directorates operationalized under the executive ministries of the government of Pakistan.

A number of intelligences services are active working on varied intelligence programs including the collection and production of foreign and domestic intelligence, contribute to military planning, and perform espionage. The best known intelligence services are the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Military Intelligence (MI) and the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA).

Dawn (newspaper)
Dawn is a Pakistani English-language newspaper that was launched in British India by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1941. It is the largest English newspaper in Pakistan, and is widely considered the country's newspaper of record. Dawn is the flagship publication of the Dawn Media Group, which also owns local radio station CityFM89 as well as the marketing and media magazine Aurora.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistan's founding father, launched the newspaper in Delhi on 26 October 1941, with the goal of establishing it as a mouthpiece for the All-India Muslim League. The first issue was printed at Latifi Press on 12 October 1942. Based in Karachi, it also maintains offices in Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta and the capital city of Islamabad, in addition to having correspondents abroad. As of 2010, it has a weekday circulation of over 109,000. The newspaper's current chief editor is Zaffar Abbas.
Éternel insatisfait
Éternel insatisfait (pronounced [etɛʁnɛl ɛ̃satisfɛ], English: Never Satisfied) is the second studio album by French-Guinean rapper and songwriter Black M. The album was released on October 28, 2016, by Wati B and Sony Music Entertainment. The album features collaborations with MHD, Soprano, Zaho, Alonzo, Gradur and Shakira.

Gradur
Wanani Gradi Mariadi (born 28 November 1990), better known by his stage name Gradur (French pronunciation: [ɡʁadyʁ]), is a French rapper of Congolese origin from Roubaix, Hauts-de-France. He first gained recognition from a series of freestyles called Sheguey.

He started as part of the rap band 59. Enjoying great following online, he formed his own entourage dubbed Sheguey Squad sheguey meaning "child of the street" in Congolese lingo and released his mixtape ShegueyVara in 2014 with the music video "Traction". His greatly expected debut album L'homme au Bob was released on 23 February 2015 with collaborations from Niro, Lacrim, Alonzo (from Psy4 de la Rime), Kayna Samet, Chief Keef and Migos.
Dawaun Parker
Dawaun Parker (born May 9, 1984) is an American record producer and rapper. After graduating from Berklee College of Music in 2005, he became a producer for Dr. Dre’s record label Aftermath Entertainment. He received his first formal credit on 50 Cent’s Get Rich or Die Tryin' soundtrack, and contributed to several songs on Busta Rhymes' number 1 album, The Big Bang, as well as Jay-Z's return record, Kingdom Come. Parker co-wrote the number 1 single, "Crack a Bottle", by Eminem, Dr. Dre and 50 Cent, and co-produced nearly every track on Relapse.

On October 20, 2010, Parker released his first single, Lost, co-produced by Dr. Dre and featuring Phil Beaudreau. Since he left Aftermath sometime in 2014, he has been working on several projects, including production on Phil Beaudreau's album Ether.

Get Rich or Die Tryin' (soundtrack)
Get Rich or Die Tryin': Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture is the soundtrack to the 2005 film of the same name, released on November 8, 2005, on Interscope Records and 50 Cent's G-Unit Records. It features artists on the G-Unit label such as 50 Cent (who also executive produced the album), Lloyd Banks, Young Buck, Tony Yayo, Olivia, and Mobb Deep. The album sold 320,000 copies in the first week, debuting behind country singer Kenny Chesney's The Road and the Radio. In December 2005, the RIAA certified the album platinum. To date, the album has sold over three million copies worldwide.