hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judah Löb Minden
Judah Löb ben Joel Minden (Hebrew: יהודא ליב בן יואל‏ מינדן, romanized: Yehuda Leyb ben Yo'el Minden) was an 18th-century German Jewish lexicographer.

In 1760, with the approval of the rabbinates of Berlin and Halberstadt, he published Millim le-eloah, the first Hebrew-German dictionary produced by a Jew. Inspired by David Kimḥi's Sefer ha-shorashim, the work also contained discussions of the grammatical functions of the letters. In 1765 Minden published a new edition of Benjamin Musaphia's Zekher rav as a supplement to his own work.

Halberstadt
Halberstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈhalbɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center, which was largely destroyed by Allied bombings in the late stages of World War II after local Nazi leaders refused to surrender. The town was rebuilt in the following decades.

In World War I Halberstadt was the site of a German military airbase and aircraft-manufacturing facilities. In World War II Halberstadt was a regional production center for Junkers aircraft, which also housed an SS forced labor camp. Halberstadt now includes the area where the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp was situated.

Today the city has around 450 timber framed houses in its city centre and timber framed old villages like Langenstein.
Nigeria–South Korea relations
Nigeria and South Korea have had formal diplomatic ties since February 1980. Bilateral trade volume reached US$1.27 billion in 2020. By that year, Nigeria was South Korea's third-largest trading partner in Africa. South Korean firms are working to build liquefied natural gas facilities in Nigeria, as well as infrastructure to transport and store crude oil.

In 2006, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun visited Nigeria's capital Abuja. Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan visited South Korea to attend the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit.

In May 2010, the Korean Cultural Center, Nigeria was established in Abuja. It is a branch of the Korean Cultural Centers that are operated by the Korean Culture and Information Service. The center hosts various cultural exchange programs, including taekwondo lessons, vocal training, and Korean language classes and competitions.

Korean Culture and Information Service
The Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS; Korean: 해외문화홍보원; Hanja: 海外文化弘報院) is an affiliated organization of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism of the South Korean government and runs 32 Korean cultural centers in 27 countries. The goal of the organization is to further enhance the image of Korea's national brand by promoting Korean heritage and arts through these cultural centers.

It was announced in January 2024 that the service would shut down and become a part of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism.
Joe Bonham Project
The Joe Bonham Project is named after the fictional protagonist of Dalton Trumbo's 1939 anti-war novel Johnny Got His Gun. Its purpose is to portray the reality of war to the public with art that portrays the human consequences of combat. Founded by war artist Michael D. Fay, the organisation holds exhibitions to introduce the public to artistic representations of war and the aftermath of war.

The project distances itself from politics, preferring instead to be seen as apolitical "Witness Art".

Johnny Got His Gun
Johnny Got His Gun is a war novel written in 1938 by American novelist Dalton Trumbo and published in September 1939 by J. B. Lippincott. The novel won one of the early National Book Awards: the Most Original Book of 1939. A 1971 film adaptation was written and directed by Trumbo.
Repyakhovka
Repyakhovka (Russian: Репяховка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Repyakhovskoye Rural Settlement, Krasnoyaruzhsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 777 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
2005 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 2005 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 46th conference playoff in league history and 51st season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The 2005 tournament was played between March 11 and March 19, 2005, at five conference arenas and the Xcel Energy Center in St. Paul, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, Denver was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the WCHA's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament.

Grand Casino Arena
Grand Casino Arena (formerly Xcel Energy Center) is a multipurpose arena in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was completed in 2000 and often called "The X" by fans. With an official capacity of 17,954, the arena has four spectator levels: one suite level and three for general seating. The building is home to the NHL's Minnesota Wild, the Minnesota Frost of the PWHL, and future MLV Minnesota of Major League Volleyball.

The arena is owned by the city of Saint Paul and operated by the Wild's parent company, Minnesota Sports & Entertainment. It is on the same block of downtown St. Paul as the RiverCentre convention facility, the Roy Wilkins Auditorium, and the Ordway Center for the Performing Arts, and shares a single indoor access area with the RiverCentre and Roy Wilkins Auditorium.
Nootkatin
Nootkatin is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a sesquiterpenoid with the molecular formula C15H20O2. The compound belongs to the nootkatone family of natural products derived from grapefruit and other citrus sources, distinguished by its special structure featuring multiple double bonds, cycloheptatriene ring, and a ketone functional group. Nootkatin was initially isolated in 1952 from the steam-volative oil of the heartwood of yellow cedar by Carlsson et al.

Cycloheptatriene
Cycloheptatriene (CHT) is an organic compound with the formula C7H8. It is a closed ring of seven carbon atoms joined by three double bonds (as the name implies) and four single bonds. This colourless liquid has been of recurring theoretical interest in organic chemistry. It is a ligand in organometallic chemistry and a building block in organic synthesis. Cycloheptatriene is not aromatic, as reflected by the nonplanarity of the methylene bridge (−CH2−) with respect to the other atoms; however the related tropylium cation is, rendering the compound relatively suspectible to oxidation.
Creswick Peaks
The Creswick Peaks (70°28′S 67°43′W﻿ / ﻿70.467°S 67.717°W﻿ / -70.467; -67.717), in Antarctica, form an impressive mountain massif with several peaks, the highest at 1,465 metres (4,800 ft), standing at the northeast side of Moore Point between Naess Glacier and Meiklejohn Glacier, and 3 nautical miles (6 km) inland from George VI Sound on the west coast of Palmer Land.

They were first surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill. They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1954 after Frances E. Creswick (who married James I. Moore, after whom Moore Point was named), Assistant to the Director of the Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge, 1931–38, who helped to organize the BGLE, 1934–37.

Scott Polar Research Institute
The Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) is a centre for research into the polar regions and glaciology worldwide. It is a sub-department of the Department of Geography in the University of Cambridge, located on Lensfield Road in the south of Cambridge.

SPRI was founded by Frank Debenham in 1920 as the national memorial to Captain Robert Falcon Scott and his companions, who died on their return journey from the South Pole in 1912. It investigates issues relevant to the Arctic and Antarctic in the environmental sciences, social sciences and humanities. The institute is home to the Polar Museum and has some 60 personnel, consisting of academic, library and support staff plus postgraduate students, associates and fellows attached to research programmes. The institute also hosts the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.
Alom Shaha
Alom Shaha (born 1973) is a British-Bangladeshi science teacher, writer, and filmmaker. His books include The Young Atheist's Handbook: Lessons for Living a Good Life Without God, Mr Shaha's Recipes for Wonder: adventures in science round the kitchen table, and Mr Shaha's Marvellous Machines: adventures in making round the kitchen table. He has also written for The Guardian, The Big Issue, BBC Science Focus, New Humanist and New Scientist and spoken at events such as the Richmond Literature Festival and Cheltenham Science Festival.

The Big Issue
The Big Issue is a United Kingdom–based street newspaper founded by John Bird and Gordon Roddick in September 1991 and published in four continents. The Big Issue is one of the UK's leading social businesses and exists to offer homeless people, or individuals at risk of homelessness, the opportunity to earn a legitimate income, thereby helping them to reintegrate into mainstream society. It is the world's most widely circulated street newspaper.
Glass Bead
"Glass Bead" (Korean: 유리구슬; RR: Yuriguseul) is the debut single by South Korean girl group GFriend. It was released by Source Music on January 15, 2015, as the lead single of their debut extended play, Season of Glass (2015). Written and produced by Iggy and Youngbae, the song was described by Fuse as a "nostalgic gem that heavily recalls Girls' Generation's earliest work, from the sound to the energetic choreography".

The song peaked at number 25 on the Gaon Digital Chart and has sold over 1,025,731 downloads, as of July 2016.

Source Music
Source Music Co., Ltd. (Korean: 쏘스뮤직) is a South Korean record label established in 2009 by So Sung-jin. In July 2019, the company was acquired by Hybe Corporation, making the company part of the collective term "Hybe Labels". The company manages girl group Le Sserafim, and previously managed soloist Kan Mi-youn and girl groups Glam and GFriend.
Catherine Jacques
Catherine Jacques (born 28 September 1979, in Merksem) is a Belgian judoka who competed in the middleweight category (70 kg). She is a multiple-time national champion, and a four-time bronze medalist for her category at the European Judo Championships. At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Jacques missed out of the Olympic podium in the women's 70 kg category, after she was defeated by Germany's Annett Böhm, who scored an ippon within thirty-eight seconds, in the bronze medal match. She was able to fight back against her opponent for a rematch to capture the bronze medal, this time at the 2005 World Judo Championships in Cairo, Egypt.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Jacques qualified again for the 70 kg category. She was eliminated in the second preliminary round, losing out to Italy's Ylenia Scapin, who scored a single yuko point in the match.

Merksem
Merksem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɛr(ə)ksɛm]; former spelling: Merxem) is a district of the municipality and city of Antwerp in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It has 47,525 inhabitants as of 2025.

It was a separate municipality until 1983. On 1 January 1983, it was absorbed into the municipality of Greater Antwerp whereby Merksem became one of the 9 districts.
Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative
The Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) is a strategy and list, maintained by the United States Department of Homeland Security, of foreign infrastructure which "if attacked or destroyed would critically impact the U.S." A copy of the 2008 list was redacted (removing details of names and locations) and leaked by WikiLeaks on 5 December 2010 as part of the website's leak of US diplomatic cables; no details on the exact location of the assets was included in the list. In September 2011, WikiLeaks published the unredacted copy of the list. The list's release was met with strong criticism from the US and British governments, while media and other countries have reacted less strongly saying that the entries are not secret and easily identified.

Hibernia Networks
Hibernia Networks, alternately known as Hibernia Atlantic, was a privately held, US-owned provider of telecommunication services. It operated global network routes on self-healing rings in North America, Europe and Asia including submarine communications cable systems in the North Atlantic Ocean which connected Canada, the United States, the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. Hibernia managed cable landing stations in Dublin, Republic of Ireland; Coleraine, Northern Ireland; Southport, England; Halifax, Canada; Lynn, Massachusetts, United States.

Hibernia's network provided service, from 2.5 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s wavelengths and Ethernet from 10 Mbit/s to 100 Gbit/s. It also provided traditional SONET/SDH services.

In January 2017, the company was acquired and absorbed into GTT Communications, Inc. It was previously a subsidiary of Columbia Ventures Corporation (CVC) and was owned by both CVC and Constellation Ventures Partners.
Berlin, Russia
Berlin (Russian: Берлин) is a rural locality (a village) in Troitsky District, Chelyabinsk Oblast of Russia in North Asia, close to the border with Kazakhstan. It has a population of  613 (2010 Census);

Troitsky District, Chelyabinsk Oblast
Troitsky District (Russian: Тро́ицкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central and eastern parts of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,591 square kilometers (1,773 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Troitsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 28,059 (2010 Census); 33,816 (2002 Census); 34,831 (1989 Soviet census).
Ledger (software)
Ledger is a command-line based double-entry bookkeeping application. Accounting data is stored in a plain text file, using a simple format, which the users prepare themselves using other tools. Ledger does not write or modify data, it only parses the input data and produces reports.

Haskell
Haskell (/ˈhæskəl/) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including type classes for type-safe operator overloading and monadic input/output (IO). It is named after logician Haskell Curry. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).

Haskell's semantics are historically based on those of the Miranda programming language, which served to focus the efforts of the initial Haskell working group. The last formal specification of the language was made in July 2010, while the development of GHC continues to expand Haskell via language extensions.

Haskell is used in academia and industry. As of May 2021, Haskell was the 28th most popular programming language by Google searches for tutorials,  and made up less than 1% of active users on the GitHub source code repository.
Rudolph Hargrave
Rudolph Hargrave (February 15, 1925 – April 1, 2014) was an American Judge who served as a justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court from 1978 until his retirement on December 31, 2010. Before being elevated to the highest court, he was a superior court and district judge for Seminole County from 1969 to 1978.

Ada, Oklahoma
Ada is a city in and the county seat of Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 16,481 at the 2020 United States census. The city was named for Ada Reed, the daughter of an early settler, and was incorporated in 1901. Ada is home to East Central University, and is the capital of the Chickasaw Nation. Ada is an Oklahoma Main Street City, an Oklahoma Certified City, and a Tree City USA member.
Pin prick attack
A pin prick attack is an assault on another person with a needle or syringe tainted with the blood of somebody carrying a blood-borne disease, such as HIV. Although there have been numerous cases of people being attacked with needles and syringes, the idea that people infected with AIDS have deliberately attempted to infect others in this manner is generally considered an urban legend. Real cases of infection of HIV in this manner were typically taken from infected victims rather than from infected attackers.

Syringe
A syringe is a simple reciprocating pump consisting of a plunger (though in modern syringes, it is actually a piston) that fits tightly within a cylindrical tube called a barrel. The plunger can be linearly pulled and pushed along the inside of the tube, allowing the syringe to take in and expel liquid or gas through a discharge orifice at the front (open) end of the tube.  The open end of the syringe may be fitted with a hypodermic needle, a nozzle or tubing to direct the flow into and out of the barrel.  Syringes are frequently used in clinical medicine to administer injections, infuse intravenous therapy into the bloodstream, apply compounds such as glue or lubricant, and draw/measure liquids. There are also prefilled syringes (disposable syringes marketed with liquid inside).

The word "syringe" is derived from the Greek σῦριγξ (syrinx, meaning "Pan flute", "tube").
ViSalus
Vi (formerly ViSalus Sciences) is an American multilevel marketing (MLM) company based in Los Angeles, California, with offices in downtown Detroit, Michigan. The company is mostly known for the Body by Vi 90-Day Challenge platform. The company markets weight management nutritional products, dietary supplements and energy drinks in the United States, Canada, Italy and United Kingdom. Weight management products, including Vi-Shape meal replacement shake and Vi-Trim Clear Control Drink Mix, form the bulk of the company's sales.

Weight management
Weight management comprises behaviors, techniques, and physiological processes that contribute to a person's ability to attain and maintain a healthy weight. Most weight management techniques encompass long-term lifestyle strategies that promote healthy eating and daily physical activity. Weight management generally includes tracking weight over time and identifying an individual's ideal body weight.

Weight management strategies most often focus on achieving healthy weights through slow but steady weight loss, followed by maintenance of an ideal body weight. However, weight neutral approaches to health have also been shown to result in positive health outcomes.

Understanding the basic science of weight management and strategies for attaining and maintaining a healthy weight is important because obesity is a risk factor for development of many chronic diseases, like Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Maria Åkerblom
Ida Maria Åkerblom (September 14, 1898 – February 25, 1981) was the leader of the Finnish Åkerblom Movement, an evangelical movement sometimes called a "cult". She had also served some time in prison. Her movement deemed her a prophet and began in the 1920s. Maria Åkerblom is characterized by Aarni Voipio as a "sleeping preacher", that is, a person who preaches in a state of trance.

The 2019 Zaida Bergroth film Maria's Paradise is based on Åkerblom's life.

Trance
Trance is a state of semi-consciousness in which a person is not self-aware and is either altogether unresponsive to external stimuli (but nevertheless capable of pursuing and realizing an aim) or is selectively responsive in following the directions of the person (if any) who has induced the trance. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden.

The term trance may be associated with hypnosis, spirit possession, magic, flow, prayer, psychedelic drugs, and altered states of consciousness.
Shiuyinghua
Shiuyinghua is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Paulowniaceae. The only species is Shiuyinghua silvestrii.

It is native to the province of Hubei in southern central China.

The genus name of Shiuyinghua is in honour of Shiu-Ying Hu (1910–2012), a Chinese botanist. She was an expert in the plant genera of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae), Hemerocallis (Amaryllidaceae), and Panax (Araliaceae). The Latin specific epithet of silvestrii means woodland, from silva. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in J. Arnold Arbor. Vol.43 on page 217 in 1962.

Holly
Ilex (/ˈaɪlɛks/) or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is Ilex aquifolium, the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards.
Jungle de Ikou!
Jungle de Ikou! (ジャングルDEいこう!, Janguru de Ikō!; lit. Let's go to the jungle!) is a Japanese OVA series written by Yōsuke Kuroda and directed by Yuji Moriyama in 1997. It has been licensed in the U.S. by Media Blasters and was released on VHS in 1999, on DVD in 2001, and on Blu-ray in 2020. It was also added on Tubi.

Lex Lang
Lex Lang is an American voice actor and voice director, who has provided voices and served as a director for a number of animations and video games. He is known for voicing Doctor Neo Cortex in the Crash Bandicoot franchise, Suguru Geto in Jujutsu Kaisen, Ecliptor in Power Rangers in Space, and Goemon Ishikawa in Lupin the Third.
Christopher Welby-Everard
Major-General Sir Christopher Earle Welby-Everard KBE CB DL (9 August 1909 – 10 May 1996), was an aristocratic British Army officer who was the last serving as General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the Nigerian Army.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
Iswandy Ahmad
Iswandy bin Ahmad, also referred to as YB Iswandy Ahmad, is a Bruneian advocate and politician who formerly held the position of Member of the Legislative Council of Brunei, under the category of People Who Have Achieved Distinction. He routinely conducts leadership development programs for the country's youth and is a vocal supporter of civil society. His humanitarian service includes work on HIV/AIDS awareness and advocacy, youth mentoring, and job seeker employability. Additionally, he serves as the Lead Trainer at the capacity-building consultancy Perspective Insan Academy (PI).

Advocacy
Advocacy is the set of activities by individuals or groups intended to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. It encompasses tactics ranging from grassroots organizing and media campaigns to lobbying, strategic litigation, and coalition-building, and aims to change laws, budgets, institutional practices, and public opinion. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes, including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on a specific issue or specific piece of legislation. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
Dendrobium jonesii
Dendrobium jonesii, commonly known as the oak orchid is a species of epiphytic or lithophytic orchid endemic to far north Queensland. It has spindle-shaped pseudobulbs, up to seven thin, dark green leaves and up to thirty five crowded, star-like, fragrant cream-coloured or white flowers with purple markings on the labellum.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.