hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SAS Transvaal
SAS Transvaal was one of three Loch-class frigates in the South African Navy (SAN). She was built as HMS Loch Ard (K602) for the Royal Navy during World War II, but was transferred to the SAN in 1944 before completion and renamed as HMSAS Transvaal. The ship was completed shortly after the German surrender in May 1945 and did not participate in the war.

Transvaal was assigned to ferry troops home from Egypt after the war and participated in the annexation of the Prince Edward Islands in late 1947. Together with her sister ships, the ship made port visits in Middle Africa in 1948. Three years later, she participated in the celebration of Australia's Golden Jubilee. Transvaal received a lengthy refit in the late 1950s. The ship was placed in reserve in 1964 and was sold for scrap in 1977. Transvaal's remains were donated for use as an artificial reef and it was scuttled the following year.

Annexation
Annexation, in international law, is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory. In current international law, it is generally held to be an illegal act. It is distinct from the concepts of conquest, which describes the gaining of physical control, and cession, in which territory is given or sold through treaty.

Annexation can be legitimized if generally recognized by other states and international bodies.

The illegality of annexation means that states carrying out such acts usually avoid using the word annexation in describing their actions; in each of the unresolved annexations by Israel, Morocco and Russia, the states have avoided characterizing their actions as such.
Warroad Lakers
The Warroad Lakers were an American Senior ice hockey team from Warroad, Minnesota.  The Lakers played in various Manitoba AHA and Thunder Bay AHA senior and intermediate leagues and were granted special eligibility for the Allan Cup and Hardy Cup by the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association.  The Lakers were three-time Allan Cup Canadian National Champions, one-time Allan Cup National Finalists, one-time Hardy Cup Canadian National Champions, and one-time Hardy Cup National Finalists.

Canadian Amateur Hockey Association
The Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA; French: Association canadienne de hockey amateur) was the national governing body of amateur ice hockey in Canada from 1914 until 1994, when it merged with Hockey Canada. Its jurisdiction included senior ice hockey leagues and the Allan Cup, junior ice hockey leagues and the Memorial Cup, amateur minor ice hockey leagues in Canada, and choosing the representative of the Canada men's national ice hockey team.
Districts of Myanmar
Districts (Burmese: ခရိုင်, Kharuing; IPA: [kʰəjàiɰ̃]) are the second-level administrative divisions of Myanmar. They are the subdivisions of the regions and states of Myanmar. Districts are in turn are subdivided into townships, then towns, wards and villages. Prior to 2022, there were 76 districts in Myanmar. The number of districts was expanded to a total of 121 on 30 April 2022 through Notification 319/2022 through 333/2022 under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs with the most new districts going to Shan State and Yangon Region.

The district's role is more supervisory as the townships are the basic administrative unit of local governance. A district is led by a district administrator, a civil servant appointed through the General Administration Department (GAD) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA). The minister of home affairs is to be appointed by the military according to the 2008 constitution.

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
Jobet Kalakh
Jobet Kalakh (Arabic: جوبة كلخ)  is a Syrian village located in Masyaf Nahiyah in Masyaf District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jobet Kalakh had a population of 103 in the 2004 census.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Discovery (Electric Light Orchestra album)
Discovery is the eighth studio album by English rock band Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). It was released on 1 June 1979 in the United Kingdom by Jet Records, where it topped record charts, and on 8 June in the United States on Jet through Columbia Records distribution. A music video album featuring all the songs being played by the band was then released on VHS in 1979, then re-released as part of the Out of the Blue: Live at Wembley DVD and VHS in 1998.

Mik Kaminski
Michael Kaminski (born 2 September 1951) is an English musician. He played violin in the rock band Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) between 1973 and 1980 and toured with the band from 1981 to 1986. He was a member of Electric Light Orchestra Part II from 1991 until its end in 2000, and then The Orchestra from 2000 to 2026.
Ismikhan Rahimov
Ismikhan Rahimov(September 18, 1925, Baku – December 15, 2004, Baku) — translator, linguist, and one of the founders of the anti-Soviet "Ildirim" (Lightning) organization.

Together with Haji Zeynalov and Gulhuseyn Huseynoglu, he founded a nationalist student organization against the Soviet occupation, and due to this activity, he was deprived of his voting rights for 5 years and sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment with the confiscation of all his property. He served his sentence in a labor camp in Siberia.

He completed secondary and higher education with distinction ahead of time. He had a unique methodology in teaching English. He was the author of several books and dictionaries in the field of linguistics. On October 28, 2000, he was awarded the "Shohrat" (Glory) Order for his services in the field of education in Azerbaijan. Since 2002, he had been a personal pensioner of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

President of Azerbaijan
The president of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti) is the head of state of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The Constitution states that the president is the embodiment of executive power, commander-in-chief, "representative of Azerbaijan in home and foreign policies", and "shall have the right of immunity [from prosecution]." The president rules through his executive office, the Presidential Administration, consisting of a group of secretaries and departmental ministers. Additionally, there is a Cabinet of Ministers regarding economic and social policy and a Security Council regarding foreign, military, and judicial matters.

The primary workplace is the presidential building (also known as the presidential apparatus) on Istiglaliyyat Street in Baku. Ilham Aliyev, son of the former president, Heydar, was elected the 4th and current president on 31 October 2003 after his father's resignation due to his deteriorating health.
Mike Bennett and Andy Plummer
Mike Bennett (born December 12, 1967, in Jordan, New York) and Andy Plummer (born December 23, 1966, in Vanceburg, Kentucky) are a duo of golf instructors who have coached PGA Tour players Charlie Wi, Steve Elkington, Tom Scherrer, Grant Waite, Troy Matteson, Bill Lunde, Mike Weir and Aaron Baddeley, among others. Bennett and Plummer are also known because the golf swing model they developed challenges some aspects of current mainstream golf instruction.

Bennett and Plummer played in the mini tours during the mid-1990s and later committed to instruction in the early 2000s, after taking courses with Larry Bartosek, Tom Tomesello, Mike Bender and Mac O'Grady.

Jordan, New York
Jordan is a village in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,192. It is part of the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was named after the Jordan River.

Jordan is located in the northwest part of the town of Elbridge, west of Syracuse.
Dave Tipton
David Lance Tipton (born April 23, 1949) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive lineman for six seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with  the New York Giants, the San Diego Chargers and the Seattle Seahawks from 1971 to 1976.

Tipton played college football for the Stanford Cardinal, playing as a member of the Thunderchickens defense line that helped Stanford to a Rose Bowl victory in 1971. After retiring from playing football, Tipton was an assistant football coach at Stanford from 1992 to 2006. Tipton now teaches history at St. Mary's High School in Stockton, California and is the Defensive Line Coach for the varsity football team. 
In 2008 his team earned the honor of playing in their State Division finals, and national television declared the team amazing in its progress and development within the two-year period of Dave's coaching influences.

St. Mary's High School (Stockton, California)
Saint Mary's High School (SMHS), founded in 1876, is a Roman Catholic, co-educational, college preparatory school in Stockton, California. The school's address is 5648 N El Dorado Street, Stockton, CA 95207. The school is under the canonical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Stockton and sponsored by the Salesian order of the Oblates of St. Francis de Sales priests and brothers (Toledo–Ohio Province). The school is a member of the College Board and is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges and by the Western Catholic Education Association.
The Weeping Song
"The Weeping Song" is a song by the Australian rock band Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. It was released as a single from their sixth studio album, The Good Son (1990), on 17 September 1990 by Mute Records.

The lyrics take the form of a dialogue between father and son, who alternate lines during the verses while singing together on the choruses. The father's part is sung by Blixa Bargeld, while Cave performs the son's part. Cave recalled the song "came out of nowhere with very little thought", one day while he lived in Brazil and walked from his home to a nearby bar he frequented.

Mute Records
Mute Records is a British independent record label owned and founded in 1978 by Daniel Miller. It has featured several prominent musical acts on its roster such as Depeche Mode, Erasure, Einstürzende Neubauten, Fad Gadget, Goldfrapp, Grinderman, Arca, Inspiral Carpets, Moby, New Order, Laibach, Nitzer Ebb, Yann Tiersen, Wire, Yeasayer, Fever Ray, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, Yazoo, and M83.
Recompense (film)
Recompense is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by Harry Beaumont and written by Dorothy Farnum. It is based on the 1924 novel Recompense by Robert Keable. The film stars Marie Prevost, Monte Blue, John Roche, George Siegmann, Charles Stevens, and Virginia Brown Faire. The film was released by Warner Bros. on April 26, 1925.

Monte Blue
Gerard Montgomery Blue (né Bluefeather; January 11, 1887 – February 18, 1963) was an American film actor who began his career as a romantic lead in the silent era; and for decades after the advent of sound, he continued to perform as a supporting player in a wide range of motion pictures.
Orthonama quadrisecta
Orthonama quadrisecta is a species of moth of the family Geometridae first described by Claude Herbulot in 1954. It is found on Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius and the Comoros.

Its wingspan is around 18–21 mm.

The larvae feed on Polygonaceae (Rumex crispus)

Claude Herbulot
Claude Herbulot (19 February 1908 – 19 January 2006) was a French entomologist. He was born in Charleville-Mézières and died in Paris. He was a lepidopterist and specialised in moths in the family Geometridae. His collection is housed at the Zoologische Staatssammlung München.
Wayne Boyer
Wayne Boyer (born 1937) is an American filmmaker. He is involved in the preservation of architectural history through film and has worked alongside Millie and Morton Goldsholl in creating a new genre of design-based films in advertising. Boyer studied at the Institute of Design alongside filmmaker Larry Janiak and the filmmaker and photographer Robert Stiegler. Boyer played a central role in the development of Chicago's underground film scene in the 1960s, and he was teaching filmmaking at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Robert Stiegler
Robert Stiegler (1938–1990) was a Chicago filmmaker and photographer, whose work grew out of the approaches to photography and design taught at the Institute of Design (ID) in the 1960s and 1970s. His work is in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Art Institute of Chicago, the George Eastman House, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago, and the University of Illinois Chicago. His films Traffic (1960), Capitulation (1965), Licht Spiel Nur 1 (1967), and Full Circle (1968) are housed at the Chicago Film Archives.
1824 French legislative election
Legislative elections were held in France on 25 February and 6 March 1824. The election was an overwhelming victory for Villèle and rightists, as only 17 MPs of the opposition were re-elected (including Royer-Collard, Cécile Stanilas de Girardin, Benjamin Constant and Maximilien Sébastien Foy).

Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
Pierre Paul Royer-Collard (French: [pjɛʁ pɔl ʁwaje kɔlaʁ]; 21 June 1763 – 2 September 1845) was a French statesman and philosopher, leader of the Doctrinaires group during the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830).
Bassanite
Bassanite is a sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·0.5H2O or 2CaSO4·H2O. It has half a water molecule per CaSO4 unit.

Bassanite was first described in 1910 for an occurrence on Mount Vesuvius. It was named for Italian paleontologist Francesco Bassani (1853–1916).

At Vesuvius it occurs as alterations from gypsum within leucite tephrite and as fumarole deposits. It occurs in dry lake beds in California and Australia. It also occurs interlayered with gypsum in caves.

H. Schmidt and coinvestigators reported in 2011 that under dry conditions, the structure is monoclinic with space group C2, but at 75% humidity, the structure is trigonal with space group P3221. This reflects the incorporation of additional water of hydration, such that the trigonal form has the formula CaSO4·0.625H2O.

Hexagonal crystal family
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal family is one of the six crystal families, which includes two crystal systems (hexagonal and trigonal) and two lattice systems (hexagonal and rhombohedral). While commonly confused, the trigonal crystal system and the rhombohedral lattice system are not equivalent (see section crystal systems below). In particular, there are crystals that have trigonal symmetry but belong to the hexagonal lattice (such as α-quartz).

The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice, and is the union of the hexagonal crystal system and the trigonal crystal system. There are 52 space groups associated with it, which are exactly those whose Bravais lattice is either hexagonal or rhombohedral.
Marchione
Marchione is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlo Marchione (born 1964), Italian classical guitarist

Frankie Grande Marchione (born 1983), American YouTuber and television host

Kathy Marchione (born c. 1955), American politician

Margherita Marchione (1922–2021), American Roman Catholic nun, writer, teacher and apologetic

Margherita Marchione
Sister Margherita Marchione (February 19, 1922 – May 20, 2021) was an American Roman Catholic sister, writer, teacher and apologeticist, who dedicated herself in her later years to the defense of Pope Pius XII.
Neeyat (1980 film)
Neeyat  (transl. Intention) is a 1980 Indian Hindi-language romantic action film, produced by Pradeep Sharma and Manoj Kaytee under the Screen Idol Productions banner and directed by Anil Ganguly. It stars Shashi Kapoor, Jeetendra, Rakesh Roshan, Rekha and Kalyanji Anandji composed the music.

Anil Ganguly
Anil Ganguly (26 January 1933 – 15 January 2016) was an Indian film director and screenwriter, who worked in Hindi cinema from 1970s to 2001. He is best known for Jaya Bhaduri starrer, Kora Kagaz (1974) and the Raakhee starrer Tapasya (1975), both of which won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment. He is also known for his films with Raakhee like Trishna, Aanchal, Saaheb (1985). In 1990, Raakhee and Tapas Paul featured in his Bengali film Balidan which became a massive financial grosser.
Vattana Motorsport
Vattana Motorsport is a Thai auto racing team based in Bangkok, Thailand. The team has raced in the TCR International Series, since 2016. Having previously raced in the Thailand Super Series amongst others.

SEAT León
The SEAT León (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈse.at leˈon]), also spelled Leon in some other languages, is a small family car built by the Spanish car manufacturer SEAT since October 1999. It is named after the city of León (which also means "Lion" in Spanish).

The first two León generations used two differing variants of the Volkswagen Group A platform, and shared many components with other Volkswagen Group cars. The third and fourth generation use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform, also used by the Audi A3 Mk3 and Mk4, Volkswagen Golf Mk7 and Mk8 and Škoda Octavia Mk3 and Mk4.
San Pedro, Misiones
San Pedro (Misiones) is a village and municipality in Misiones Province in north-eastern Argentina.

The department contains the 31,619 hectares (78,130 acres) Esmeralda Provincial Park, created in 1997.

Argentine-Armenian footballer, Tomás Adoryán was born in San Pedro.

Tomás Adoryán
Tomás Alexander Adoryán (Armenian: Թոմաս Ալեքսանդր Ադորյան; born 22 September 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Argentine Primera División club Banfield. Born in Argentina, he represents the Armenia national team.
Hounli
Hounli is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Abomey. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 16,590.

Zou Department
Zou [zu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin, named for the Zou River which travels through the department before emptying into the Atlantic in the south of the country. The department of Zou was split in two in 1999, with the northern territory transferred to the newly created Collines Department. The capital of Zou is Abomey. Zou is subdivided into nine communes, each centred at one of the principal towns: Abomey, Agbangnizoun, Bohicon, Cové, Djidja, Ouinhi, Za-Kpota, Zangnanado and Zogbodomey.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 851,580, with 407,030 males and 444,550 females. The proportion of women was 52.20%. The total rural population was 67.00%, while the urban population was 33.00%. The total labour force in the department was 275,249, of which 50.10% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 60.70% and the proportion of households with children attending school was 72.90%.
State of the Province Address (South Africa)
The State of the Province Address (abbreviated SOPA) is an annual event in each of South Africa's nine provinces, in which the premier of the province reports on the state of the province, normally to a formal sitting of the province's unicameral legislature.

The speech marks the opening of the provincial legislature and is attended by important political and governmental figures of the province, including members of the provincial legislature and other high-regarded guests.

Provinces of South Africa
South Africa is administered under nine provinces. On the eve of the 1994 general election, South Africa's former homelands, known as Bantustans, were reintegrated into the country, and the four provinces were increased to nine. The borders of Natal and the Orange Free State were retained, while the Cape Province and Transvaal Province were divided into three provinces each, plus North West Province which straddles the border of and contains territory from both these two former provinces. The twelfth, thirteenth and sixteenth amendments to the Constitution of South Africa changed the borders of seven of the provinces.
1952 Boston Red Sox season
The 1952 Boston Red Sox season was the 52nd season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished sixth in the American League (AL) with a record of 76 wins and 78 losses, 19 games behind the New York Yankees, who went on to win the 1952 World Series.

1952 World Series
The 1952 World Series featured the three-time defending champion New York Yankees beating the Brooklyn Dodgers in seven games.  The Yankees won their fourth consecutive title, tying the mark they set in 1936–1939 under manager Joe McCarthy, and Casey Stengel became the second manager in Major League history with four consecutive World Series championships. This was the Yankees' 15th World Series championship win and the third time they defeated the Dodgers in six years.

In Game 7, the Yankees' second baseman Billy Martin made a great catch, preserving the Yankees' two-run lead. Also, the home run hit by Mickey Mantle during the eighth inning of Game 6 was significant because it was the first of his record 18 career World Series home runs.
Quadratic knapsack problem
The quadratic knapsack problem (QKP), first introduced in 19th century, is an extension of knapsack problem that allows for quadratic terms in the objective function: Given a set of items, each with a weight, a value, and an extra profit that can be earned if two items are selected, determine the number of items to include in a collection without exceeding capacity of the knapsack, so as to maximize the overall profit. Usually, quadratic knapsack problems come with a restriction on the number of copies of each kind of item: either 0, or 1. This special type of QKP forms the 0-1 quadratic knapsack problem, which was first discussed by Gallo et al.
The 0-1 quadratic knapsack problem is a variation of the knapsack problem, combining the features of the 0-1 knapsack problem and the quadratic knapsack problem.

Linearization
In mathematics, linearization (British English: linearisation) is finding the linear approximation to a function at a given point. The linear approximation of a function is the first order Taylor expansion around the point of interest. In the study of dynamical systems, linearization is a method for assessing the local stability of an equilibrium point of a system of nonlinear differential equations or discrete dynamical systems.  This method is used in fields such as engineering, physics, economics, and ecology.