hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emanuele Dalla Torre
Emanuele Dalla Torre (Hebrew: עמנואל דלה טורה; born September 19, 1980) is an Italian-Israeli physicist whose research focuses on condensed matter physics, quantum optics, and ultra-cold atomic systems. He received his PhD from the Weizmann Institute of Science in 2011. He is currently an associate professor at the Physics Department in Bar-Ilan University in Israel and a scientist of Quantymize, a startup in the field of quantum computing and quantum optimization. In the past, he worked as a postdoctorate fellow at the department of Physics of Harvard University in the US and spent a sabbatical year at Rigetti Computing. Dalla Torre said he values scientific international collaborations, especially between his two home nations, Italy and Israel. He is a vocal and influential opponent of the academic boycott against Israel.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Menschel
Menschel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Richard Menschel (born c. 1935), American investment banker, art collector and philanthropist

Robert Menschel (born c. 1930), American investment banker and philanthropist

Ronay A. Menschel (born c. 1942), American politician

Richard Menschel
Richard Menschel (born January 6, 1934) is an American investment banker, art collector and philanthropist. He is a (retired) senior director of Goldman Sachs. Through the Charina Endowment Fund and the Charina Foundation, he supports art museums, schools and health charities. He won the 2015 Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy.
Institute for Bird Populations
The Institute for Bird Populations (IBP), based in Petaluma, California, is a non-profit organization dedicated to studying and monitoring bird populations, and providing land managers and policy makers with information needed to better manage those populations.

Land management
Land management is the process of managing the use and development of land resources. Those resources are used for a variety of purposes for example agriculture, forestry, water resource management, human settlements and tourism. One aim of land management is to prevent or reverse land degradation. Another aim is to ensure water security by increasing soil moisture availability, decreasing surface runoff, and decreasing soil erosion. Unsustainable land managements leads to land being over- or misused which in turn degrades the land, reduces productivity and disrupts natural equilibriums.
Oh Me Oh My (Devendra Banhart album)
Oh Me Oh My (full title Oh Me Oh My...The Way the Day Goes By the Sun Is Setting Dogs Are Dreaming Lovesongs of the Christmas Spirit) is the second album by Devendra Banhart. Its name was taken from the lyrics of one of Banhart's earliest songs, "Sunrise (A Long Time Ago)".  It was the first release by Devendra on Young God Records and it came out on October 28, 2002.

Young God Records
Young God Records is an independent record label formed by Michael Gira in 1990 that specializes in experimental, avant-garde and often non genre-specific releases. The label was named after an EP released by Gira's band Swans called Young God.

The label's original intent was to facilitate the release of Swans' music, but while the band was disbanded Young God grew to host the Angels of Light as well as a number of other unique bands and artists, including: Akron/Family, Devendra Banhart, Lisa Germano, Ulan Bator, and Mi and L'au. Swans was re-formed in 2010, and began again releasing music under the Young God label. In 2012, Gira told Pitchfork that Young God would not be putting out any new albums by other bands, citing the decline in revenue.
Schwegler
Schwegler is a Swiss surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Schwegler (1819–1857), German philosopher, theologian, and historian

Christian Schwegler (born 1984), Swiss footballer

Emil Schwegler (1879–1968), Swiss-born American gymnast, sports shooter and bowler

Fritz Schwegler (1935–2014), German artist

Heidi Schwegler (born 1967), American artist

Karl Schwegler (1902–?), Swiss rower

Paul Schwegler (1907–1980), American gridiron football player and actor

Pirmin Schwegler (born 1987), Swiss footballer

Roland Schwegler (born 1982), Swiss footballer

Paul Schwegler
Paul Anthony Schwegler (May 22, 1907 – December 7, 1980) was an American gridiron football player and actor, best known for playing college football at the University of Washington during 1929–1931. He was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1967.
Billy Conway (rugby league)
Billy Roy Conway (born 31 January 1967) is an English amateur boxer of the 1980s, who was runner-up for the Amateur Boxing Association of England (ABAE) Junior Class-B (48 kg) title against Joe Morgan (Enfield ABC) at The City of Derby, Assembly Rooms, Derby on Saturday 21 March 1981, and former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. He played at club level for Wakefield Trinity, Doncaster and Normanton Knights, as a hooker.

Derby Assembly Rooms
The Derby Assembly Rooms was an events venue in the English city of Derby. There have been three iterations of the Derby Assembly Rooms, with the last two on the same site. The first was opened in 1714 in Full Street, but soon proved inadequate. The second was built in 1763 on Market Place and was used until it was damaged by a fire in 1963. The third was built in 1977 and used until it too was damaged in a fire in 2014.

Both of the last two buildings still exist, at least in part. The façade of the 1763 building was dismantled and rebuilt as part of the vintage street scene at the National Tramway Museum in Crich, Derbyshire.

The 1977 building still stands, albeit unused since 2014, but has an uncertain future. As of March 2025, there were no firm plans and the adjacent car park was closed since 2024 in anticipation of demolition, but the council hope to have a better overview by the summer.
Mohammad Nazari
Mohammad Nazari (born 1971; Persian: محمد نظری) is an Azeri-Kurdish political prisoner from Iran. Nazari was arrested on May 30, 1994, by the Ministry of Intelligence in Bukan, West Azerbaijan Province, and was sentenced to death for his alleged membership in the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI). His sentence was later reduced to life imprisonment during the 1999 Eid-e-Qorban pardons by the Supreme Leader of Iran.

In 2012, Nazari sewed his lips and went on hunger strike in protest of authorities' disregard for his pleads. His demands were not met. As of 2017, Nazari has spent 24 years behind bars without any leave of absence, and his health has deteriorated as a result of protracted hunger strikes.

Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: وزارت اطّلاعات جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Vezarat-e Ettela'at Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran), also known as Ministry of Intelligence and Security is the primary intelligence agency of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad.
Niu Lizhi
Niu Lizhi (born 1966) is a Chinese surgeon who specializes in minimally invasive cryosurgery for cancers. In 1996, he graduated from the Fourth Military Medical University with a doctoral degree in Thoracic & Cardiac Surgery.

Lizhi is the president of Guangzhou Fuda Cancer Hospital and vice president of the International Society of Cryosurgery. He is the supervisor of the master's degree course in Jinan University. He focuses on the treatment of pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, thyroid cancer, peritoneal cancer and other solid tumors.  Niu Lizhi and his team have performed nearly ten thousand cases of cryosurgery.

Lizhi's patients aged from four-year-old child to 94-year-old senior, ranking from Minister, celebrities, to ordinary people and patients with rare diseases like Huang Chuncai, or Gurli.

Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery (with cryo from the Ancient Greek κρύο 'icy cold') is the use of extreme cold in surgery to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue; thus, it is the surgical application of cryoablation.

Cryosurgery has been historically used to treat a number of diseases and disorders, especially a variety of benign and malignant skin conditions.
Federal Correctional Institution, Marianna
The Federal Correctional Institution, Marianna (FCI Marianna) is a medium-security United States federal prison for male inmates in Marianna, Florida. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. The facility also includes an adjacent satellite prison camp for minimum-security female offenders. It lies adjacent to the Marianna Municipal Airport.

FCI Marianna is in the Judicial district of United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida, and is 65 miles (105 km) west of Tallahassee, the state capital.

Marianna Municipal Airport
Marianna Municipal Airport (ICAO: KMAI, FAA LID: MAI) is an airport in Marianna, Jackson County, Florida, 5 miles (8.0 km) northeast of Downtown Marianna. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)'s National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013 categorized it as a general aviation airport. It was formerly Graham Air Base.

Many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but this airport is MAI to the FAA and has no IATA code. (IATA assigned MAI to Mangochi, Malawi).
Andrea Rentmeister
Andrea Rentmeister (born 28 December 1977) is an Austrian chemist and fencer. She competed in the women's individual épée event at the 2000 Summer Olympics. After completing her studies of chemical engineering and chemistry at the Universities of Graz and Bonn, earning her a PhD, she became a postdoctoral researcher at the lab of the 2018 Nobel Laureate Frances Arnold at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 2007. In 2010 she became a junior professor for Biochemistry at the University of Hamburg. Until 2023, she held a position as professor for biomolecular label chemistry at the University of Münster before becoming a chair holder at LMU University Munich for Organic und Biological Chemistry in 2024.

University of Münster
The University of Münster (German: Universität Münster, until 2023 German: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, WWU) is a public research university located in the city of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

With more than 43,000 students and over 120 fields of study in 15 departments, it is Germany's fifth largest university and one of the foremost centers of German intellectual life. The university offers a wide range of subjects across the sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Several courses are also taught in English, including PhD programmes as well as postgraduate courses in geoinformatics, geospational technologies or information systems.

Professors and former students have won ten Leibniz Prizes, the most prestigious as well as the best-funded prize in Europe, one Fields Medal and two Nobel Prizes. The University of Münster has also been successful in the German government's Excellence Initiative.
Gäu Perimeter Way
The Gäu Perimeter Way (German: Gäurandweg) is a hiking trail in the Northern Black Forest in Germany and the easternmost of the long distance paths managed by the Black Forest Club. With a length of 120 kilometres, it runs in six stages from Mühlacker to Freudenstadt.

The waymark of the Gäu Perimeter Way is a green diamond with a red rose hip on a white background.

Long-distance trail
A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, way, greenway) is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, equestrianism or cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica.

Many trails are marked on maps. Typically, a long-distance route will be at least 50 km (30 mi) long, but many run for several hundred miles, or longer.

Many routes are waymarked and may cross public or private land and/or follow existing rights of way. Generally, the surface is not specially prepared, and the ground can be rough and uneven in areas, except in places such as converted rail tracks or popular walking routes where stone-pitching and slabs have been laid to prevent erosion. In some places, official trails will have the surface specially prepared to make the going easier.
William Baker (Kent cricketer)
William Baker (29 February 1832 – September 1912) was an English cricketer who played one match for Kent County Cricket Club in 1858. He was born at Cobham, Kent, the son of James and Sarah Baker. His younger brother, George, also played for Kent.

Baker played cricket for Cobham and made a single first-class cricket appearance in 1858 against an England team at Lord's. He scored three runs in the first innings in which he batted and a duck in the second innings.

Baker worked as a bricklayer's labourer and later became an engine fitter, moving to Stratford in Essex. His brother was employed for a time at the same works.

Cobham Park (cricket ground)
Cobham Park near Cobham, Kent and located within the grounds of the Cobham Hall estate, was used a cricket ground. It was used as the venue for an inter-county match between Kent and Hampshire.

The ground was used for cricket matches by Cobham Cricket Club between the 1850s and 1870s, including a number of matches against the Royal Engineers Cricket Club. The Hall was owned by the Earls of Darnley and a number of the family were keen cricketers. Ivo Bligh, who became the 8th Earl in 1900, captained the first English tour of Australia in 1882–83, recapturing The Ashes.

The hall was last used for cricket in 1951.
Inclusivism
Inclusivism is one of several approaches in religious studies, anthropology, or civics to understand the relationship between different religions, societies, cultures, political factions etc. It asserts that there is beauty in the variety of different schools of thoughts, and that they can coexist. It stands in contrast to exclusivism, which asserts that only one way is true and all others are erroneous.

Within religious studies and theology, inclusivism is the belief that, although only one belief system is true, aspects of its truth can be found in other religions. This is contrasted from religious pluralism, which asserts that all beliefs are equally valid within a believer's particular context.

Civics
In the field of political science, civics is the study of the civil and political rights and obligations of citizens in a society. The term civics derives from the Latin word civicus, meaning "relating to a citizen". In U.S. politics, in the context of urban planning, the term civics comprehends the city politics that affect the political decisions of the citizenry of a city.

Civic education is the study of the theoretical, political, and practical aspects of citizenship manifest as political rights, civil rights, and legal obligations.  Civic education includes the study of civil law, the civil codes, and  government with special attention to the political role of the citizens in the operation and oversight of government.

Moreover, in the context of ancient Roman history, the term civics also refers to the Civic Crown (Latin: corona civica), a garland of oak leaves awarded to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens.
1995 Volvo Women's Open
The 1995 Volvo Women's Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Pattaya in Thailand that was part of Tier IV of the 1995 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from 13 November through 19 November 1995. First-seeded Barbara Paulus won the singles title.

1995 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Bearskin
A bearskin is a tall fur cap derived from mitre caps worn by grenadier units in the 17th and 18th centuries. Initially worn by only grenadiers, bearskins were later used by several other military units in the 19th century. The bearskin cap continued to see use in battle during the mid-19th century, although by the 20th century, it was only used for parade dress. In the 21st century, the bearskin cap is retained by select military units as a prominent element of their ceremonial and full dress uniforms.

Regiment Carabiniers Prins Boudewijn – Grenadiers
The Regiment Carabiniers Prins Boudewijn – Grenadiers is an infantry regiment in the Belgian Army of the Belgian Armed Forces. The regiment is a part of the Motorized Brigade. This regiment is a Dutch speaking unit.
Jadwiga Falkowska
Jadwiga Falkowska, codename Jaga, Zdzisława, Ludwika, and Zaleska (November 13, 1889 in Tver, Russia – August 7, 1944 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish teacher, physicist, social activist, Scoutmaster (harcmistrzyni) and one of the founders of Girl Scouting in Poland.

As a physicist and teacher, she worked at the Warsaw University of Technology and the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, and taught physics at the Krzemieniec Lyceum. She was the Chief Scout of the Girl Guides from 1926 to 1927. During the Second World War she served in the Polish resistance (Armia Krajowa).  Jadwiga was murdered by RONA units during the first days of the Warsaw Uprising.

Krzemieniec Lyceum
Krzemieniec Lyceum (Polish: Liceum Krzemienieckie; Russian: Кременецкий лицей; Ukrainian: Крем'янецький ліцей; sometimes referred to as "the Volhynian Athens" and "Czacki's School") was a renowned Polish secondary school which existed 1805-31 and later, in the Interbellum, in 1922-39 in Krzemieniec (now Kremenets in Ukraine).
Mohammad Saif (cricketer, born 1976)
Mohammad Saif (born 21 July 1976) is an Indian cricketer who played for Uttar Pradesh in domestic cricket. He is a Right-hand bat batsman who played Youth cricket for India Under-19 cricket team. He scored 4 runs on his Twenty20 debut against Railways cricket team in March 2015 when he returned to competitive cricket after 6 long year. He scored 56 from just 19 balls in Ranji Trophy quarter final.

His father is Mohammad Tarif and his younger brother is Mohammad Kaif.

Uttar Pradesh cricket team
The Uttar Pradesh cricket team, formerly United Provinces Cricket Team, is a domestic cricket team which is based in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, run by the Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class cricket tournament Ranji Trophy and limited-overs Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy in 2005–06 and have been runners-up on five occasions. Cricketers such as Suresh Raina, Mohammad Kaif, Piyush Chawla, Rudra Pratap Singh, Praveen Kumar, Bhuvneshwar Kumar and Kuldeep Yadav have passed through Uttar Pradesh and gone on to represent India.
2021 AMA National Speedway Championship
The 2021 AMA National Speedway Championship Series was staged over two rounds, held at Owego, New York (September 5) and Auburn, California (September 25). Three rounds were initially scheduled, however the first round at Greene, New York was cancelled due to poor track conditions. It was also the first championship since 2019, after the 2020 series was not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

It was won by Max Ruml, who beat Gino Manzares and Billy Janniro to the title. It was the first time Ruml had won the title, having previously finished as runner-up on four separate occasions.

Billy Janniro
Billy Mitchell Janniro (born 30 July 1980 in Benicia, California, United States) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from the United States. He earned 11 caps for the United States national speedway team.
Osteosclerosis
Osteosclerosis is a disorder characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density. It may predominantly affect the medullary portion and/or cortex of bone. Plain radiographs are a valuable tool for detecting and classifying osteosclerotic disorders. It can manifest in localized or generalized osteosclerosis. Localized osteosclerosis can be caused by Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease, sickle-cell disease and osteoarthritis among others. Osteosclerosis can be classified in accordance with the causative factor into acquired and hereditary.

Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease (LCPD) or idiopathic avascular necrosis of the hip is a childhood hip disorder initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur. Due to the lack of blood flow, the bone dies (osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis) and stops growing. Over time, healing occurs by new blood vessels infiltrating the dead bone and removing the necrotic bone which leads to a loss of bone mass and a weakening of the femoral head.

The condition is most commonly found in children between the ages of 4 and 8, but it can occur in children between the ages of 2 and 15. It can produce a permanent deformity of the femoral head, which increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis in adults. Perthes is a form of osteochondritis which affects only the hip. Bilateral Perthes, which means both hips are affected, should always be investigated to rule out multiple epiphyseal dysplasia.
Geoffrey Marks (cricketer)
Geoffrey Marks (15 November 1864 – 25 August 1938) was an English first-class cricketer active 1894–1900 who played for Middlesex. He was born in Thornton Heath, Surrey; died in Newnham, Hampshire. His brother Oliver was also a first-class cricketer.

Thornton Heath
Thornton Heath is a district of South London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. It is around 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the town of Croydon, and 7.2 miles (11.6 km) south of Charing Cross. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, Thornton Heath was in the County Borough of Croydon.
Uorga
Uorga (Russian: Уорга, Yakut: Уорҕа, Uorğa) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of two settlements in Khadarsky Rural Okrug of Churapchinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Yuryung-Kyuyol, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug. It is located 39 kilometers (24 mi) from Churapcha, the administrative center of the district and 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from Yuryung-Kyuyol. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 50; down from 83 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.