hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giustina Levi-Perotti
Giustina Levi-Perotti of Sassoferrato was the (likely fictitious) 14th-century Jewish author of two Petrarchan sonnets.

The first, a sonnet beginning "Io vorrei pur drizzar queste mie piume," to which Petrarch is said to have replied with his sonnet "La gola, il sonno, e l'oziose piume," was published for the first time in 1564 by G. A. Gilio, who, however, attributed it to Ortensia di Guglielmo of Fabriano. It was republished by Giacomo Filippo Tomasini (Petrarca Redivivus, 1635), who attributed it to Giustina. Subsequently, it was included in various collections of poetry, down to 1885. Although Crescimbeni, Tiraboschi, and Zeno doubted the authenticity of the sonnet, scholars like Quadrio and, with some hesitation, Foscolo accepted it. Claudio Morici and later literary critics concluded that the sonnet is the work of a 16th-century writer, and that Giustina Levi-Perotti never existed.

Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni
Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni (9 October 1663 – 8 March 1728) was an Italian critic and poet.  Crescimbeni was a founding member and leader of the erudite literary society of Accademia degli Arcadi in Rome.
C. Kyle Ranson
Kyle C. Ranson is an American businessman who was the president and CEO of InFocus from August 2004 to May 2007. At the time, InFocus was headquartered in Wilsonville, Oregon. Kyle was originally hired as the executive vice president of worldwide sales and marketing in April 2003, and previously held the same title at Compaq/Hewlett-Packard. He also held positions at Newberry Data and Vickers Defense.

Vickers
Vickers was a British engineering company that existed from 1828 until 1999. It was formed in Sheffield as a steel foundry by Edward Vickers and his father-in-law, and soon became famous for casting church bells. The company went public in 1867, acquired more businesses, and began branching out into military hardware and shipbuilding.

In 1911, the company expanded into aircraft manufacture and opened a flying school. They expanded even further into electrical and railway manufacturing, and in 1928 acquired an interest in the Supermarine.

Beginning in the 1960s, various parts of the company were nationalised, and in 1999 the rest of the company was acquired by Rolls-Royce plc, which sold the defence arm to Alvis plc. The Vickers name lived on in Alvis Vickers, until the latter was acquired by BAE Systems in 2004 to form BAE Systems Land Systems.
Dockx
Dockx is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bart Dockx (born 1981), Belgian professional road bicycle racer

Daniel Martin Dockx (born 1974), Spanish Olympic dressage rider

Félix Dockx, Belgian cyclist

Gert Dockx (born 1988), Belgian professional road bicycle racer

Jean Dockx (1941–2002), Belgian international footballer

Daniel Martin Dockx
José Daniel Martín Dockx (born 7 January 1974) is a Spanish Olympic dressage rider. Representing Spain, he competed at two Summer Olympics (in 2012 and 2016). He finished 7th in the team competitions at both of the Olympics. Meanwhile, his current best individual Olympic achievement is 29th place from 2012.

He also participated at the 2014 World Equestrian Games and at three European Dressage Championships (in 2013, 2015 and 2023). His current best championship result is 4th place in team dressage at the 2015 European Dressage Championships while his current best individual result is 18th place from 2014 Worlds.
The Barbie Diaries
The Barbie Diaries is a 2006 animated motion capture teen drama film directed by Eric Fogel and written by Elise Allen and Laura McCreary which premiered on Nickelodeon and then on DVD.

The eighth entry in the Barbie film series, it features Kelly Sheridan as the talking vocal provider for Barbie and Skye Sweetnam as her singing vocals. The only Barbie film produced by Curious Pictures and thus the only film in the first decade of the Barbie film franchise not to be produced by Mainframe Entertainment (currently Mainframe Studios), this is also the last Barbie film to be originally distributed by Lionsgate in the United States and Canada, as Universal Studios (now Universal Pictures), who already released the films overseas with international distributor Entertainment Rights, was set to take over the home video distribution rights from the next film, Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses.

Elise Allen
Elise Allen is an American writer, television producer and screenwriter. Allen is a New York Times best-selling author and an Emmy nominated writer, known for developing and showrunning the animated series Princess Power for Netflix, which was produced by Drew Barrymore, and based on the books by Savannah Guthrie and Alli Oppenheim. Allen also co-created the animated series Rainbow Rangers, writing numerous scripts for the Barbie film series, co-writing Elixir with Hilary Duff and co-authoring the Gabby Duran & the Unsittables book series, which was turned into a series on the Disney Channel.
Archibald Thorburn
Archibald Thorburn FZS (31 May 1860 in Lasswade, Midlothian – 9 October 1935 in Hascombe, Surrey) was a Scottish artist who specialised in wildlife, painting mostly in watercolour. He explored Scotland to sketch birds in the wild, his favourite haunt being the Forest of Gaick near Kingussie in Invernesshire. His widely reproduced images of British wildlife, with their evocative and dramatic backgrounds, are enjoyed as much today as they were by naturalists a century ago.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.
1969 ACC men's basketball tournament
The 1969 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament was held in Charlotte, North Carolina, at the original Charlotte Coliseum from March 6–8, 1969. North Carolina defeated Duke, 85–74, to win the championship. Charlie Scott of North Carolina was named tournament MVP.

Bojangles Coliseum
Bojangles Coliseum, originally Charlotte Coliseum and formerly Independence Arena and Cricket Arena, is a 10,829-seat multi-purpose arena located in Charlotte, North Carolina. It is operated by the Charlotte Regional Visitors Authority, which also oversees nearby Ovens Auditorium and the uptown Charlotte Convention Center. The naming-rights sponsor is the Bojangles restaurant chain. The building's signature domed roof is made of tin, rather than steel or iron. The dome spans 332 feet in diameter and rises to 112 feet tall.
2015 Wimbledon Championships – Wheelchair women's doubles
Defending champions Yui Kamiji and Jordanne Whiley defeated Jiske Griffioen and Aniek van Koot in the final, 6–2, 5–7, 6–3 to win the ladies' doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2015 Wimbledon Championships.

Jordanne Whiley
Jordanne Joyce Whiley MBE (born 11 June 1992) is a British retired wheelchair tennis player. Aged 14, she became Britain's youngest ever national women's singles champion in wheelchair tennis. She has osteogenesis imperfecta as does her father, Keith, who was also a Paralympian and won a bronze medal in 1984 in New York. As well as the 2015 US Open in wheelchair singles, Whiley has won 9 Grand Slam doubles titles, and she & Japanese Yui Kamiji are the fourth team in women's wheelchair doubles (as well as the most recent players) to complete the Calendar Year Grand Slam.
Whiley was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2015 Queens Birthday Honours list for services to wheelchair tennis.
Keene & Simpson
Keene & Simpson was an American architectural firm based in Kansas City, Missouri, and in practice from 1909 until 1980. The named partners were architects Arthur Samuel Keene FAIA (1875–1966) and Leslie Butler Simpson AIA (1885–1961). In 1955 it became Keene & Simpson & Murphy with the addition of John Thomas Murphy FAIA (1913–1999), who managed the firm until his retirement in 1980.

Jackson County Courthouse (Kansas City, Missouri)
Jackson County Courthouse in Kansas City, Missouri is located at 415 East 12th Street in Downtown Kansas City and houses judicial and administrative offices for the western portion of the county.

It was built in 1934, designed by Wight and Wight in an Art Deco style. Harry S. Truman, presiding judge of the Jackson County Court at the time, wanted it designed similar to the Caddo Parish, Louisiana courthouse in Shreveport, Louisiana by Edward F. Neild. The latter architect was hired as consulting architect-engineer. Neild was later commissioned to design the Truman Presidential Library, but died before it was completed.
Marie-Charlotte Garin
Marie-Charlotte Garin (born 2 September 1995) is a French politician from EELV (NUPES). She became the Member of Parliament for Rhône's 3rd constituency in the 2022 French legislative election and was reelected in the first round of the 2024 snap election.

Deputy (France)
Deputies (French: députés and députées, pronounced [depyte] ⓘ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th and current legislature of the Fifth Republic has a total of 577 deputies, elected in 577 constituencies across metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for French residents overseas (11).
Franklin Area School District
Franklin Area School District (FASD) is a rural, public school system headquartered in Franklin, Venango County, located in western Pennsylvania. Franklin Area School District encompasses approximately 186 square miles. It serves the residents of: Canal Township, Clinton Township, Frenchcreek Township, Irwin Township, Mineral Township, Sandycreek Township, Victory Township, along with the boroughs of: Barkeyville, Clintonville,  Polk and Utica. According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 16,598. In 2009, Franklin Area School District residents’ per capita income was $17,008, while the median family income was $39,801. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.

The district operates a Jr. Sr. High School (7th through 12th grades ), and three elementary schools (K-6th grade).

Frenchcreek Township, Pennsylvania
Frenchcreek Township is a township in Venango County, Pennsylvania, United States.  The population was 1,424 at the 2020 census, a decrease from 1,542 in 2010, which represented, in turn, a decline from the figure of 1,605 as of 2000.
Romellina
Romellina is a monotypic, genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. It has only one known species, Romellina variabilis Petr. (1955).

The genus was circumscribed by Franz Petrak in Sydowia vol.9 (1-6) on page 597 in 1955.

The genus name of Romellina is in honour of Lars Romell (1854–1927), who was a Swedish botanist and mycologist, he was a teacher in Stockholm, then between 1890 - 1927, he was a patent attorney.

The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Portsmouth line
The Portsmouth line is a secondary main line originally built by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway and the London and South Western Railway between 1847 and 1868. It leaves the South London Line (Atlantic Lines) at Peckham Rye, with connections to the Victoria branch of the Brighton Main Line at Streatham, and continues via Sutton, Epsom and Dorking to join the Mid-Sussex Line at Horsham.

As of 2022, the line is predominantly a commuter line and there are no scheduled services running along the entire route. The current service pattern can be divided into three sections. The first of these runs from Peckham Rye to Streatham (Southern), with trains then switching on to the Brighton Main Line towards Selhurst and Caterham; the second is the Streatham to Sutton section (Thameslink), part of the Sutton Loop Line, and the third runs from Sutton to Horsham (Southern), with trains originating from London Victoria and joining the Portsmouth line south of Streatham.

Caterham railway station
Caterham railway station serves the town of Caterham in the Tandridge district of Surrey.

Caterham train drivers depot was opened on Sunday 17 June 1928 as a motorman's depot (the "motor" term being used for electric trains) after electrification on the line was complete in March of that year, and is still a working depot today. The guards depot at Caterham was closed in the late 1980s.
Alternative stable state
In ecology, the theory of alternative stable states (sometimes termed alternate stable states or alternative stable equilibria) predicts that ecosystems can exist under multiple "states" (sets of unique biotic and abiotic conditions). These alternative states are non-transitory and therefore considered stable over ecologically-relevant timescales. Ecosystems may transition from one stable state to another, in what is known as a state shift (sometimes termed a phase shift or regime shift), when perturbed. Due to ecological feedbacks, ecosystems display resistance to state shifts and therefore tend to remain in one state unless perturbations are large enough. Multiple states may persist under equal environmental conditions, a phenomenon known as hysteresis. Alternative stable state theory suggests that discrete states are separated by ecological thresholds, in contrast to ecosystems which change smoothly and continuously along an environmental gradient.

Ecological threshold
Ecological threshold is the point at which a relatively small change or disturbance in external conditions causes a rapid change in an ecosystem. When an ecological threshold has been passed, the ecosystem may no longer be able to return to its state by means of its inherent resilience. Crossing an ecological threshold often leads to rapid change of ecosystem health. Ecological threshold represent a non-linearity of the responses in ecological or biological systems to pressures caused by human activities or natural processes.
Critical load, regime shift, critical transition and tipping point are examples of other closely related terms.
Trichonympha
Trichonympha is a genus of single-celled, anaerobic parabasalids of the order Hypermastigia that is found exclusively in the hindgut of lower termites and wood roaches. Trichonympha's bell shape and thousands of flagella make it an easily recognizable cell. The symbiosis between lower termites/wood roaches and Trichonympha is highly beneficial to both parties: Trichonympha helps its host digest cellulose and in return receives a constant supply of food and shelter. Trichonympha also has a variety of bacterial symbionts that are involved in sugar metabolism and nitrogen fixation.

Ectosymbiosis
Ectosymbiosis is a form of symbiotic behavior in which an organism lives on the body surface of another organism (the host), including internal surfaces such as the lining of the digestive tube and the ducts of glands. The ectosymbiotic species, or ectosymbiont, is generally an immobile (or sessile) organism existing off of biotic substrate through mutualism, commensalism, or parasitism. Ectosymbiosis is found throughout a diverse array of environments and in many different species.

In some species the symbiotic environment provided by both the parasite and host are mutually beneficial. In recent research it has been found that these micro-flora will evolve and diversify rapidly in response to a change in the external environment, in order to stabilize and maintain a beneficial ectosymbiotic environment.
Miro Rys
Miro Rys (July 18, 1957 – September 1977) was a Czech American soccer forward who played professionally in the North American Soccer League.  Rys earned three caps, scoring one goal, with the U.S. national team. A talented striker with, according to Bill Foulkes, "a cannon-like shot and a tremendous desire", Rys was the biggest American soccer prospect of his time and, according to Jim Pollihan, was expected to become "the top American player in a year or two" when he died in a car accident outside Dortmund, Germany while there to try out for several professional teams.

Bill Foulkes
William Anthony Foulkes ( /faʊks/ or /foʊks/; 5 January 1932 – 25 November 2013) was an English footballer who played for Manchester United in the Busby Babes teams of the 1950s, and also in the 1960s. His favoured position was centre-half. For Manchester United, he played 688 games which places him at number 4 on the all-time list of appearances behind Ryan Giggs, Bobby Charlton and Paul Scholes. He made 3 appearances as a substitute. He also started in every single United game in the 1957–58, 1959–60 and 1964–65 seasons. He scored a total of 9 goals in his 18 seasons at United and helped the club win four First Division titles, one FA Cup and one European Cup. He was capped three times for England in 1954–55.

After retiring as a player, he spent more than 20 years as a coach and manager at numerous clubs in England and overseas.
David Bolt (novelist)
David Michael Langstone Bolt (Harrow, 30 November 1927 – 16 November 2012) was an English novelist and literary agent. He was educated at Dulwich College, served with 10th Gurkha Rifles and as superintendent in the Malayan Police, 1948-50.

London Borough of Harrow
The London Borough of Harrow (/ˈhæroʊ/) is a borough in west and north-west London, England; it forms part of Outer London. It borders four other London boroughs – Barnet to the east of ancient Watling Street (now the A5 road), Brent to the southeast, Ealing to the south and Hillingdon to the west and the Hertfordshire districts of Three Rivers and Hertsmere to the north. The local authority is Harrow London Borough Council. The London borough was formed in 1965, based on boundaries that had been established in 1934. The borough is made up of three towns: Harrow, Pinner and Stanmore, but also includes western parts of Edgware.
Canton of Valensole
The canton of Valensole is an administrative division in southeastern France. At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton was expanded from 4 to 10 communes:

Allemagne-en-Provence

Brunet

Esparron-de-Verdon

Gréoux-les-Bains

Montagnac-Montpezat

Quinson

Sainte-Croix-du-Verdon

Saint-Laurent-du-Verdon

Saint-Martin-de-Brômes

Valensole

Esparron-de-Verdon
Esparron-de-Verdon (French pronunciation: [ɛspaʁɔ̃ də vɛʁdɔ̃], lit. "Esparron of Verdon"; Occitan: Esparron de Verdon) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. It is on the departmental border with Var, to the west of the Lake of Sainte-Croix.
Mainprise
Mainprise is a concept in English law regarding releasing a prisoner from custody upon sureties pending trial.  It is nearly identical to the idea of bail and has been absorbed into the laws regulating bail in many jurisdictions.  When they were distinguished, bail was not restricted in the type of surety upon which a prisoner could be released, while mainprise always involved a specified sum of money.  A prisoner released on bail was still technically in custody and could be re-seized, while one delivered on mainprise was no longer in custody and could not have suits brought against him as though he were.

Trial
In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court. The tribunal, which may occur before a judge, jury, or other designated trier of fact, aims to achieve a resolution to their dispute.
Mana (newspaper)
Mana was the first multi-lingual Polynesian newspaper published in Auckland, New Zealand. The newspaper ran from 1977–78 and represented the voices and issues of Māori and Pacific communities in New Zealand during a period of social upheaval.

Niuean language
Niuean (/njuˈeɪən/; ko e vagahau Niuē) is a Polynesian language, belonging to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian languages. It is most closely related to Tongan and slightly more distantly to other Polynesian languages such as Māori, Samoan and Hawaiian. Together, Tongan and Niuean form the Tongic subgroup of the Polynesian languages. Niuean also has a number of influences from Samoan and Eastern Polynesian languages.
Education in Uttar Pradesh
Education in Uttar Pradesh comprises the primary, secondary, and higher education systems serving the residents of India's most populous state, home to over 240 million people, and the enrollment in the elementary education rate at of 95%. Uttar Pradesh hosts premier institutions such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) in Kanpur and Varanasi (BHU), Banaras Hindu University, and Aligarh Muslim University, which contribute significantly to technical and higher education.

Central university (India)
Central universities in India are public universities established by an Act of Parliament and are under the purview of the Department of Higher Education in the Ministry of Education, except for nine universities which are under the purview of other ministries. In general, universities in India are recognised by the University Grants Commission (UGC), which draws its power from the University Grants Commission Act, 1956. In addition, 15 Professional Councils are established, controlling different aspects of accreditation and coordination. Central universities, in addition, are covered by the Central Universities Act, 2009, which regulates their purpose, powers, governance etc., and established 12 new universities.
As of June 2023, the list of central universities published by the UGC includes 56 central universities.
Dugrand
Dugrand is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alain Dugrand (born 1946), French journalist, traveler, and writer

Raymond Dugrand (1925–2017), French geographer and urban planner

Raymond Dugrand
Raymond Dugrand (13 January 1925 – 13 February 2017) was a French geographer and urban planner. He was a professor of geography at the University of Montpellier, and the author of several books about the geography of the Languedoc. He was the head of urban planning for the city of Montpellier from 1977 to 2001.