hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
For Darfur
For Darfur Inc. was a United States based non-profit organization aimed at raising awareness about the ongoing humanitarian conflict in Darfur, Sudan. It raised funds in order to bring aid packages via Doctors Without Borders to refugees affected by the conflict. By August 2008, the organization had raised over $1,000,000 through private fundraising and awareness events. In November 2007, For Darfur, in conjunction with fashion designer Lilly Pulitzer, held a fundraising cocktail party and auction in Palm Beach, Florida, and raised over $100,000. In May 2008, the organization produced and promoted Kanye West's Glow in the Dark Tour Concert at the AmericanAirlines Arena in Miami, Florida.

Darfur
Darfur (/dɑːrˈfʊər/ dar-FOOR; Arabic: دار فور, romanized: Dār Fūr, lit. 'Realm of the Fur') is a region of western Sudan. Dār is an Arabic word meaning "home [of]" – the region was named Dardaju (Arabic: دار داجو, romanized: Dār Dājū) while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë c. 350 AD, and it was  renamed Dartunjur (Arabic: دار تنجر, romanized: Dār Tunjur) when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for hundreds of years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916.

Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farmers and herders.
Mount Gilbert (Chugach Mountains)
Mount Gilbert is a prominent 9,638-foot (2,938 m) glaciated mountain summit located in the Chugach Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated 54 mi (87 km) east of Anchorage, 32 mi (51 km) northeast of Whittier, and 5.8 mi (9 km) northeast of Mount Muir, on land managed  by Chugach National Forest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since the mountain rises up from tidewater at Harriman Fiord in Prince William Sound in less than six miles.

Whittier, Alaska
Whittier is a city at the head of the Passage Canal in the Chugach Census Area in the Unorganized Borough of Alaska, about 58 miles (93 km) southeast of Anchorage. The city is located within the Chugach Census Area, established in 2019 when the former Valdez–Cordova Census Area was dissolved.

The city's population was 272 at the 2020 census, having increased from 220 in 2010. Almost all of its residents live in the Begich Towers Condominium, earning it the nickname of a "town under one roof".

Whittier has an extremely wet climate, receiving an average of 197 inches (5,000 mm) of precipitation per year. It is a port for the Alaska Marine Highway.
Shchetinin
Shchetinin (Russian: Щетинин) was the first Russian aviation company. It was founded in St. Petersburg in 1910 under the name Pervoye Rossiyskoye Tovarishchestvo Vozdukhoplavaniya S. S. Shchetinin i Ko (First Russian Aeronautical Company S. S. Shchetinin and Co.). The company was led by the famous pilot S. S. Shchetinin and the lead designer was Dmitry Pavlovich Grigorovich. The company focused mainly on a series of flying boats, which initially were modeled after the American aircraft Curtiss Model K. A lengthy series of aircraft, starting with the designation letter "M" (Marine) followed. Famous aircraft were the M-5, M-9, M-11/M-12, M-15, M-16 and M-24/M-24bis.

Grigorovich M-16
Grigorovich M-16 (alternative designation ShCh M-16, sometimes also Shchetinin M-16) was a successful Russian World War I-era biplane flying boat of the Farman type, developed from the M-9 by Grigorovich. Somewhat larger than the M-9, the M-16 was a version especially intended for winter operations, with better aerodynamic qualities.
Stanton Parris
Stanton Elliot Parris, BSS (22 August 1930 – 5 January 2009) was a West Indian Test cricket umpire, born in Saint Michael parish, Barbados.

Parris officiated in five Tests and one ODI between 1974 and 1983. In all, he umpired 39 first-class matches between 1972 and 1990, most of them in Bridgetown. He was an honorary life member of the Barbados Cricket Association.

Parris was awarded the Barbados Service Star in the 2008 Independence Day honours list. He died on 5 January 2009 in Barbados, aged 78.

West Indian
A West Indian is a native or inhabitant of the West Indies (the Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago). According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the term West Indian in 1597 described the indigenous inhabitants of the West Indies, by 1661 the term defined "an inhabitant or native of the West Indies, of European origin or descent." In the 1950s, coinciding with decolonization and the arrival of Afro-Caribbean migrants in the United Kingdom, West Indian referred to those who were Black. Inclusively, in 1961 all inhabitants of the West Indies Federation were termed West Indian regardless of their descent, besides West Indian Indo-Caribbean people, who were sometimes referred to as East Indian West Indian. The OED now defines it simply as a citizen of any West Indies nation. Some West Indian people reserve this term for citizens or natives of the British West Indies only, to the exclusion of not just the Hispanophones, but also French and Dutch West Indians.
Tricorn Centre
The Tricorn Centre was a shopping, nightclub and car park complex in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England.  It was designed in the Brutalist style by Owen Luder and Rodney Gordon and took its name from the site's shape which from the air resembled a tricorn hat. Constructed in the mid-1960s, it was demolished in 2004. It was home to one of the first Virgin Megastores and housed the largest Laser Quest arena in Europe.

The centre was a well-known example of 1960s architecture, and in the 1980s it was voted the 3rd ugliest building in the UK. In 2001, BBC Radio 4 listeners voted it the most hated building in the UK, and Charles, Prince of Wales described it as "a mildewed lump of elephant droppings". Demolition of the Tricorn began on 24 March 2004 and took approximately nine months. As of 2024, the site is a ground level car park for the city centre.

Laser Quest
Laser Quest is a British indoor laser tag franchise founded in Manchester, United Kingdom in 1989. Its laser tag games use infrared (IR) hand-held units and vests. Laser Quest's oldest centre is located in Stourbridge, West Midlands, England.

In 1993, Laser Quest had begun operations in North America, where it would operate several locations in the United States and Canada. Its headquarters was located in Mississauga, Ontario. However, in September 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Laser Quest announced they had ceased operations in North America due to the uncertain economic environment. To this day, Laser Quest continues to operate in the United Kingdom.
1988 Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft
The 1988 Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft was the fifth season of premier German touring car championship and also third season under the moniker of Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft.

The championship was run under heavily modified Group A regulations, including the use of air restrictors. The champion was Klaus Ludwig with 5 victories driving a Ford Sierra RS500 Cosworth.

Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (DTM) was a touring car racing series held from 1984 to 1996. Originally based in Germany, it held additional rounds elsewhere in Europe and later worldwide.

The original DTM had resumed racing with production based cars, as the former Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft had switched to Group 5 in 1977 and even to expensive Group C sportscars in 1982, leading to its decline. Since 2000, a new DTM has been run as the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, again organised by ITR and former Formula 1 driver Gerhard Berger.
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the fifteen U.S. representatives from the State of Ohio, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2024 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, an election to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections took place on March 19, 2024.

Vote Common Good
Vote Common Good is an American 501(c)(4) non-profit organization aimed at influencing religiously motivated voters. The group was founded by its executive director, Doug Pagitt.

During a national bus tour leading up to the 2018 midterm elections, the group held rallies with progressive candidates. In 2019 and 2020, the group was focused on encouraging religious voters to oppose the Trump administration through coordination with groups such as The Lincoln Project.

According to the group's website, they host events in-person, as well as online podcasts and video programs to influence voters. The group also conducts training events for candidates and claims to work with a number of prominent American religious leaders including Brian McLaren, Nadia Bolz-Weber, Shane Claiborne, John Pavlovitz and Diana Butler Bass.
Chicago Faucet
The Chicago Faucet Company, often shortened to Chicago Faucets, founded on the near-west side of Chicago, Illinois, United States, has been producing faucets and other plumbing fixtures since 1901. The company founder, Albert C. Brown, invented the Quaturn Cartridge in 1913 that worked with the flow of water to make it both easy to open and close the spigots and forestalled leak development.

The Great Depression hit the company hard because of a decline in new construction. The company persevered by participating in the Chicago World's Fair of 1933 and briefly converted to the production of nuts, bolts, screws, and parachute hooks during World War II.

In 2002 the Swiss company Geberit AG acquired Chicago Faucet.

Currently the Chicago Faucet Company has its headquarters in Des Plaines, Illinois, and employs over 200 people in Des Plaines, Milwaukee, Elyria, Ohio, and Michigan City, Indiana.

Chicago Faucet has sales in the neighborhood of $270 million a year.

Michigan City, Indiana
Michigan City is a city in LaPorte County, Indiana, United States. It had a population of 32,075 at the 2020 census. Located along Lake Michigan in the Michiana region, the city is about 45 miles (72 km) east of Chicago and is 40 miles (64 km) west of South Bend.

Michigan City is noted for both its proximity to Indiana Dunes National Park and for bordering Lake Michigan. It receives a fair amount of tourism during the summer, especially by residents of Chicago and nearby cities in Northern Indiana. It is connected to Chicago via the South Shore Line passenger train.
Shipworm
The shipworms, also called teredo worms or simply teredo (from Ancient Greek  τερηδών (terēdṓn) 'wood-worm', via Latin terēdō), are marine bivalve molluscs in the family Teredinidae, a group of saltwater clams with long and soft bodies. They are notorious for boring into (and commonly eventually destroying) wood that is immersed in seawater, including such structures as wooden piers, docks, and ships; they drill passages by means of a pair of very small shells ("valves") borne at one end, with which they rasp their way through. They are sometimes called "termites of the sea". Carl Linnaeus assigned the common name Teredo to the best-known genus of shipworms in the 10th edition of his taxonomic magnum opus, Systema Naturæ (1758).

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Sébastien Groulx
Sébastien Groulx (French: [sebastjɛ̃ gʁu]; 29 October 1974 – 20 June 2025) was a Canadian weightlifter. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Groulx and three others died on 20 June 2025 when the medical helicopter he was travelling on crashed near Natashquan, Quebec. He was 50.

Natashquan
Natashquan is a municipality located on the north shore of Jacques Cartier Strait, on the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in the Côte-Nord region, Minganie RCM, Quebec, Canada.

Natashquan stretches along the coast, on both sides of the Little Natashquan River, about 120 km east of Havre-Saint-Pierre, near Aguanish and the Natashkuan Indian reserve.
ESO (motorcycles)
Eso was a Czech motorcycle factory producing only racing machines from 1949 until 1964, when it joined Jawa.  ESO was founded by a motorcycle racing driver Jaroslav Simandl, and made bikes in 250, 350, and 500 cc, primarily for speedway, moto-cross and ice racing. Engines were sourced from J.A.P. during the first year, and then an engine of ESO's own after 1950, first copied from J.A.P. and later of their own design. The factory produced a prototype microcar in 1959, The ESO-T-250. It had a fibreglass 2-seater body with many components from Jawa-CZ.

J. A. Prestwich Industries
J. A. Prestwich Industries, was a British engineering equipment manufacturing company named after founder John Alfred Prestwich, which was formed in 1951 by the amalgamation of J. A. Prestwich and Company Limited and Pencils Ltd.
Nahum Ma'arabi
Nahum Ma'arabi (Hebrew: נחום מערבי, literally "Nahum of the west"; also called Ma'aravi or Maghrabi) was a Moroccan Hebrew poet and translator of the thirteenth century.

His poems are found only in Moroccan collections. Two of his liturgical poems were published by Leopold Dukes in Zur Kentniss der Hebräischen Poesie. Ma'arabi translated Maimonides' "Iggeret Teman" from Arabic into Hebrew and added a preface in verse.  This was published in Basel in 1631. He also translated a commentary on the "Sefer Yeẓirah" by Isaac Israeli ben Solomon or Nissim ben Jacob, prefacing it with a poem.  Another of his translations was Joseph ibn Tzaddik's "Microcosmos."  The translation is anonymous, but Moritz Steinschneider attributes it to Ma'arabi.  Finally, he translated Saadia Gaon's commentary on the thirteen hermeneutic rules of Rabbi Ishmael.

Rabbi Ishmael
Rabbi Yishmael ben Elisha Nachmani (Hebrew: רבי ישמעאל בן אלישע), often known as Rabbi Yishmael and sometimes given the title "Ba'al HaBaraita" (Hebrew: בעל הברייתא, “Master of the Outside Teaching”), was a rabbi of the 1st and 2nd centuries (third generation of tannaim) CE.
Gulf of Almería
The Gulf of Almería (Spanish: Golfo de Almería) is a bight of the Mediterranean Sea, in the southeastern end of the Iberian Peninsula.

It lies between Punta Sabinar and Cabo de Gata. It is shaped as a semicircle opened to the south with a protrusion in its center featuring the mouth of the Andarax river. Scholars placing ancient Urci in Pechina identify the Sinus Urcitanus cited by Pomponius Mela with the Gulf of Almería.

Semicircle
In mathematics (and more specifically geometry), a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, π radians, or a half-turn). It only has one line of symmetry (reflection symmetry).

In non-technical usage, the term "semicircle" is sometimes used to refer to either a closed curve that also includes the diameter segment from one end of the arc to the other or to the half-disk, which is a two-dimensional geometric region that further includes all the interior points.

By Thales' theorem, any triangle inscribed in a semicircle with a vertex at each of the endpoints of the semicircle and the third vertex elsewhere on the semicircle is a right triangle, with a right angle at the third vertex.

All lines intersecting the semicircle perpendicularly are concurrent at the center of the circle containing the given semicircle.
Inti Guttu (TV series)
Inti Guttu is an Indian Telugu language family and Drama series airing on Zee Telugu from 30 November 2020 and ended on 17 December 2022. It is the remake of Hindi Television series Tujhse Hai Raabta which aired on Zee TV. It stars Shishir Shastry, Nisarga Gowda and Meena Vasu in lead roles.

Zee Telugu
Zee Telugu also known as Z Telugu is an Indian Telugu language general entertainment pay television channel in India. It was launched on 12 September 2004 as Alpha TV Telugu. and was rebranded as Zee Telugu on 18 May 2005. The channel is owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. Zee Entertainment Enterprises also launched a Telugu movie channel named Zee Cinemalu in September 2016.
Tshiamo Tshotetsi
Noble Tshiamo Tshotetsi (born 26 October 1988), also spelled Tshiamo Tsotetsi, is a South African politician from the North West who has represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly since June 2024. He was elected to his seat in the May 2024 general election, ranked first on the ANC's party list for the North West region.

North West (National Assembly of South Africa constituency)
North West (Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is one of the nine multi-member constituencies of the National Assembly of South Africa, the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa, the national legislature of South Africa. The constituency was established in 1994 when the National Assembly was established by the Interim Constitution following the end of Apartheid. It is conterminous with the province of North West. The constituency currently elects 13 of the 400 members of the National Assembly using the closed party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 general election it had 1,702,728 registered electors.
Mandjelia fleckeri
Mandjelia fleckeri is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet fleckeri honours medical doctor and naturalist Hugo Flecker.

Robert Raven
Robert John Raven is an Australian arachnologist, being the Head of Terrestrial Biodiversity and the Senior Curator (Arachnida) at the Queensland Museum. Dr Raven has described over 450 species of spider in Australia and elsewhere, and is spider bite consultant to the Royal Brisbane Hospital, leading to much work on spider toxins.
2020 Mato Grosso senatorial special election
A special election for the Brazilian Senate in Mato Grosso took place on 15 November 2020, to fill a vacancy in the Federal Senate through the end of the term ending on 1 February 2027, arising from the expelling of Selma Arruda from the upper house after a trial in the Superior Electoral Court.

Selma Arruda
Selma Rosane Santos Arruda (born 20 January 1963) is a Brazilian politician and retired judge. Although born in Rio Grande do Sul, she has spent her political career representing Mato Grosso, having served as state senator in 2019.
Shadowland (Straub novel)
Shadowland is a horror/fantasy novel by American writer Peter Straub, first published in 1980 by Coward, McCann & Geoghegan.  It is a horror novel that has strong elements of fantasy and magic. The book chronicles the tale of two teenage boys and their adventure in the mysterious and dangerous Shadowland where reality and illusions are intertwined. It was the first book Straub wrote following his highly successful Ghost Story.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Soldier's Home (film)
Soldier's Home is a 1977 American short film adaptation of the 1925 short story of the same name by Ernest Hemingway which was originally broadcast as part of The American Short Story series on PBS on April 25, 1977. It was directed by Robert Young, adapted by Robert Geller and starred Richard Backus and Nancy Marchand.  The musical score is by Dick Hyman.

Dick Hyman
Richard Hyman (born March 8, 1927) is an American jazz pianist and composer. Over a 70-year career, he has worked as a pianist, organist, arranger, music director, electronic musician, and composer. He was named a National Endowment for the Arts Jazz Masters fellow in 2017.

As a pianist, Hyman has been praised for his versatility. DownBeat magazine characterized him as "a pianist of longstanding grace and bountiful talent, with an ability to adapt to nearly any historical style, from stride to bop to modernist sound-painting."

His daughter Judy Hyman is a founding member of The Horse Flies, an American alternative rock/folk band based in Ithaca, New York.
His grandson is designer and artist Adam Charlap Hyman.
Methyl-MMDA-2
Methyl-MMDA-2, also known as 2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine or as 6-methoxy-MDMA, is a psychoactive drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and MDxx families. It is the N-methylated derivative of MMDA-2, and it is also an analogue of MDMA and 6-methyl-MDA.

Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (−CH3), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (CH−3), methylium cation (CH+3) or methyl radical (CH•3). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed.
Helmut Hofer
Helmut Hermann W. Hofer (born February 28, 1956) is a German-American mathematician, one of the founders of the area of symplectic topology.

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and the recipient of the 1999 Ostrowski Prize
and the 2013 Heinz Hopf Prize. Since 2009, he is a faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He currently works on symplectic geometry, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations. His contributions to the field include Hofer geometry. Hofer was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2020.

He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in 1990 in Kyoto and a plenary speaker at the ICM in 1998 in Berlin.

He is currently an editor of Annals of Mathematics.

Inventiones Mathematicae
Inventiones Mathematicae is a mathematical journal published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1966 and is regarded as one of the most prestigious mathematics journals in the world. The current (2023) managing editors are Jean-Benoît Bost (University of Paris-Sud) and Wilhelm Schlag (Yale University).