hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Renewal in Philadelphia's Chinatown
Ethnic Renewal in Philadelphia’s Chinatown: Space, Place, and Struggle is a 2015 academic book by Kathryn Elizabeth Wilson, published by Temple University Press. It includes the history of Chinatown, Philadelphia.

The book documents community resistance against urban renewal plans to destroy parts of Chinatown.

Alyssa Ribeiro of Allegheny College wrote that the book highlights how people in the neighborhood kept it alive in a carefully-done manner.

Temple University Press
Temple University Press is a university press founded in 1969 that is part of Temple University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). It is one of thirteen publishers to participate in the Knowledge Unlatched pilot, a global library consortium approach to funding open access books.

The organization's mission at the time of its founding, according to Gerald J. Mangone, Temple University's then-provost, was to "broaden the outlet for the best volumes of an increasinbly productive faculty," by enabling those academics "to publish significant research that will increase knowledge in the humanities, social and natural sciences."
The Loretto Necklace
The Loretto Necklace is an 1829 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It shows a view of the town of Loreto in the Italian province of Marche.

Turner had been on an extended visit to Rome during which he has produced several works. After arriving back in London and concerned that these paintings, still in transit, would not arrive in time for the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition he produced a fresh work for the show. He produced a view of the town he had stopped in on his journey back from Rome.

It appeared at the 1829 academy exhibition at Somerset House along with another Turner work Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus. Today it isn the collection of the Tate Britain having been part of the Turner Bequest in 1856.

Somerset House
Somerset House is a large neoclassical building complex situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge. The Georgian era quadrangle is built on the site of a Tudor palace ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the Duke of Somerset. The present Somerset House was designed by Sir William Chambers, begun in 1776, and was further extended with Victorian era outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively. The site of Somerset House stood directly on the River Thames until the Victoria Embankment was built in the late 1860s.

The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education.
Scott Township, Ontario
Scott, Ontario is a geographic township and former municipality now part of the Township of Uxbridge.

The Township was surveyed in 1807 and was named for Thomas Scott (1746–1824), an Attorney-General and Chief Justice for Upper Canada.  Scott Township was incorporated in 1850 and a Township hall was built in 1860.

Scott Township was amalgamated with the Town and Township of Uxbridge to form an expanded Township of Uxbridge in 1974.

Communities in the former territory of Scott include Leaskdale, Sandford, Udora and Zephyr.

Leaskdale Manse, the former home of L. M. Montgomery, the author of Anne of Green Gables is located in the Township at Leaskdale.  Montgomery lived in the area from 1911 to 1926, and wrote several books during that time.  The Manse was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1996.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Bellarmine Knights baseball
The Bellarmine Knights baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the Bellarmine University in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. The team competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I and are members of the ASUN Conference.

The Knights began their transition to Division I status after many years in NCAA Division II, announcing a deal to join Division I in 2019.

Atlantic Sun Conference
The Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN) is a collegiate athletic conference operating mostly in the Southeastern United States, competing at the NCAA Division I level. Originally established as the Trans America Athletic Conference (TAAC) in 1978, it was renamed as the Atlantic Sun Conference in 2001, and briefly rebranded as the ASUN Conference from 2016 to 2023. The conference still uses "ASUN" as an official abbreviation. The conference headquarters are located in Jacksonville.
Avdey Ter-Oganyan
Avdey Stepanovich  Ter-Oganyan (Russian: Авде́й Степа́нович Тер-Оганья́н; born December 9, 1961, Rostov-on-Don) is a Russian painter, one of the prominent representatives of the Moscow actionism.

He is famous for extravagant and sometimes provocative art actions. His practice includes installations and performances.

In the ranking of the magazine ArtChronika 50 most influential people in Russian art 2010  Avdey Ter-Oganyan took 23rd place.

He currently lives and works in Prague.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Pentamirror
A pentamirror is an optical device used in the viewfinder systems of various single-lens reflex cameras instead of a pentaprism. It is used to reverse again the laterally reversed image coming from the reflex mirror.

Instead of the solid block of glass of the prism in a pentaprism system, here 3 mirrors are used to perform the same task. This is cheaper and lighter, but generally produces a viewfinder image of lower quality and brightness.

This optical device is often (more precisely) referred to as roof pentamirror because of the roof-like ridge.

Single-lens reflex camera
In photography, a single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is a type of camera that uses a mirror and prism system to allow photographers to view through the lens and see exactly what will be captured. SLRs became the dominant design for professional and consumer-level cameras throughout the late 20th century, offering interchangeable lenses, through-the-lens (TTL) metering, and precise framing. Originating in the 1930s and popularized in the 1960s and 70s, SLR technology played a crucial role in the evolution of modern photography. Although digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras succeeded film-based models, the rise of mirrorless cameras in the 2010s has led to a decline in SLR use and production. With twin lens reflex and rangefinder cameras, the viewed image could be significantly different from the final image. When the shutter button is pressed on most SLRs, the mirror flips out of the light path and allows light to pass through to the light receptor and the image to be captured.
Soul Demise
Soul Demise is a German melodic death metal band from Neumarkt in Bavaria, founded in 1993 as Inhuman. Their musical style is mainly influenced by the Swedish band At the Gates and their Gothenburg sound.

Guitarist Andreas Schuhmeier is the only founding member still with the band, which was renamed Soul Demise in 1998.

Despite several member changes Soul Demise has toured with well-known artists such as Vader (1997/98), Krisiun and Soilwork (1998), Immolation and Deströyer 666 (2001), Napalm Death (2002), Illdisposed (2002) and Dismember (2004), and have released some albums which were warmly welcomed by specialist publications.

Their fourth album, Acts of Hate, was released on 17 April 2009.

Soilwork
Soilwork is a Swedish melodic death metal band from Helsingborg. They have released twelve studio albums. Formed in late 1995 by Björn Strid and Peter Wichers, the band was originally known as Inferior Breed. In late 1996, they changed their name to Soilwork, which means "working from the ground up".
Wach (surname)
Wach is a Polish and German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aloys Wach (1892–1940), Austrian expressionist painter and graphic artist

Andrzej Wach, Polish administrator, President of Polskie Koleje Państwowe S.A. (Polish State Railways)

Monsignor Gilles Wach (born 1956), French Roman Catholic priest and co-founder and prior general of the traditionalist Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest

Joachim Wach (1898–1955), German scholar of religion and sociologist

Karl Wilhelm Wach (1787–1845), German painter

Mariusz Wach (born 1979), Polish boxer

Ryszard Wach (born 1946), Polish modern pentathlete

Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest
The Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest, Latin: Institutum Christi Regis Summi Sacerdotis, abbreviated as ICKSP and ICRSS, is a society of apostolic life of pontifical right in communion with the Holy See of the Catholic Church. The institute has the stated goal of honouring God and the sanctification of priests in the service of the Catholic Church and souls. An integral part of the institute's charism is the use of the traditional liturgy, namely the 1962 Missale Romanum for Mass, the Breviary of John XXIII for the Divine Office, and the Rituale Romanum and Pontificale Romanum for other sacraments. The society has undertaken the restoration of a number of historic church buildings.

The institute's rule of life is based generally on that of the secular canons. Its stated mission is the defence and propagation of the reign of Christ the King in all areas of human life, both private and social.
Petershausen Sacramentary
The Petershausen Sacramentary is an Ottonian illuminated manuscript of around 960–980, produced in the scriptorium of Reichenau Abbey and containing the sacramentary and liturgical calendar. It is now held in the Heidelberg University library.

The miniature on folio 40 originally opened the manuscript and has been the subject of much debate. It displays attributes of the Virgin Mary and Ecclesia (personifications of the church), but differs from usual representations of either. Her regalia does not follow Northern iconography, being closer to Roman depictions of the Maria Regina. Her necklace and earrings recall the prependoulia of Byzantine crowns, while her patterned tunic and mantle give the appearance of Byzantine silks.  Consistent with earlier depictions of Byzantine empresses, Anton von Euw interpreted the image as an "Imperial Virgin" and suggested it may have been inspired by Theophanu, the Byzantine princess who married Otto II.

Reichenau Abbey
Reichenau Abbey was a Benedictine monastery on Reichenau Island (known in Latin as Augia Dives) in southern Germany. It was founded in 724 by the itinerant Saint Pirmin, who is said to have fled Visigothic Spain ahead of the Moorish invaders, with patronage that included Charles Martel, and, more locally, Count Berthold of the Ahalolfinger and the Alemannian duke Hnabi. Pirmin's conflict with Hnabi resulted in his leaving Reichenau in 727.
Waffen-SS in popular culture
The Waffen-SS, the combat branch of the paramilitary SS organisation of Nazi Germany, is sometimes portrayed uncritically or admiringly in popular culture.

The activities of HIAG, a German lobby group founded by former high-ranking Waffen-SS officers in 1951, have shaped much of this portrayal. HIAG leaders—Paul Hausser, Felix Steiner, and Kurt Meyer—directed a campaign to promote public perception of the force as elite, apolitical fighters who were not involved in the crimes of the Nazi regime. Although historians have since discredited these notions, the uncritical, often admiring, tradition continues to the present through popular-history books, websites and wargames. It appears in the works of Franz Kurowski (1923–2011), Bruce Quarrie (1947–2004), Gordon Williamson (1951–), and Mark C. Yerger (1955–2016), among others.

Popular history
Popular history, also called pop history, is a broad genre of historiography that takes a popular approach, aims at a wide readership, and usually emphasizes narrative, personality and vivid detail over scholarly analysis. The term is used in contradistinction to professional academic or scholarly history writing which is usually more specialized and technical and thus less accessible to the general reader.
Hongyu
Hongyu is an extinct genus of rhizodont tetrapodomorph from the late Devonian Zhongning Formation of China. The holotype of the fish is made up of the back of the skull, the first twenty-two centra of the vertebral column, and the shoulder girdle. The skull and shoulder girdle of the fish show features seen in other tetrapodamorphs like elpistostegids, causing the phylogenic placement of the genus to be unknown early on. Currently, however, a number of more recent phylogenic placements including Hongyu place it as the basal most rhizodont. The aberrant anatomy of the fish is suggested to have been due to a more benthic lifestyle than its close relatives. Hongyu lived in a freshwater environment made up of meandering streams surrounded by a woodland. Only one species has been placed within the genus: H. chowi.

Elpistostegalia
Paleontology portal

Elpistostegalia is a clade containing Panderichthys and all more derived tetrapodomorph taxa. The earliest elpistostegalians, combining fishlike and tetrapod-like characters, such as Tiktaalik, are sometimes called fishapods. Although historically Elpistostegalia (referred to as Panderichthyida) was considered an order of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes, it was cladistically redefined to include tetrapods.
Crnogorski Elektroprenosni Sistem
Crnogorski elektroprenosni sistem AD (MNSE: PREN) (CGES; former name Prenos AD; meaning: Montenegrin Electrical Transmission System) is an electric power transmission system operator located in Podgorica, Montenegro. It is a member of European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity.

In 2009, the company broke away from EPCG and was partly privatized, with 55% stake owned by Government of Montenegro. 22% and 15% stake is owned by Italian and Serbian electricity transmission companies Terna and EMS respectively.

CGES and Terna have built a 450-kilometre (280 mi) 600 MW submarine cable between Tivat and Pescara.

Tivat
Tivat (Serbo-Croatian: Tivat/Тиват, pronounced [tîv̞at]) is a town in Coastal region of Montenegro, located in the Bay of Kotor. As of 2011, its population was 9,367. Tivat is the centre of Tivat Municipality, which is the smallest municipality by area in Montenegro.
Smokvica, Koper
Smokvica (pronounced [ˈsmoːkʋitsa]; Italian: Figarola) is a village in the City Municipality of Koper in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The local church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and belongs to the Parish of Movraž.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Masonic Temple Theater
The Masonic Temple Theater (subsequently the Temple Twin Theaters, and in 2013 the Main Street Cinemas) is a historic building located in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, United States. Built in 1923, it combined both commercial and fraternal functions in one building. The theater company paid for the construction of the lower level, and the Masons paid for the upper level.  The Masons continued to occupy the space until 1989 when they moved to another facility. The building was designed in the Neoclassical style by Owen, Payson & Carswell, and K.A. Bergdahl was the contractor who built it.  Neoclassical features include the balustrade, the medallion with the Masonic insignia, volutes above the windows,  the parapet roof, and the ornamental frieze and cornice.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Mount Pleasant, Iowa
Mount Pleasant is a city in and the county seat of Henry County in the U.S. state of Iowa. The population was 9,274 in the 2020 census, an increase from 8,668 in the 2010 census. It was founded in 1835 by pioneer Presley Saunders.
2019 FIBA U18 European Championship Division B
The 2019 FIBA U18 European Championship Division B was the 15th edition of the Division B of FIBA U18 European Championship. The competition takes place in Oradea, Romania, from 26 July to 4 August 2019.

2018 FIBA U18 European Championship Division C
The 2018 FIBA U18 European Championship Division C was the 14th edition of the Division C of the FIBA U18 European basketball championship. It was played in Pristina, Kosovo, from 22 to 29 July 2018. Nine teams participated in the competition. The host team, Kosovo, won the tournament.
Bargarh Road railway station
Bargarh Road railway station is a railway station near Bargarh city of Bargarh district, Odisha. It serves Bargarh city. Its code is BRGA. It has three platforms. Passenger, Express, and Superfast trains halt here.

Bargarh district
Bargarh district is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India. The city of Bargarh is its district headquarters. The district was carved out of the erstwhile district of Sambalpur on 1 April 1993.
Mark Bruyns
Mark Lloyd Bruyns (born 8 November 1973, in Pietermaritzburg) is a former South African first class cricketer for Natal, Border and the Warriors. A right-handed batsman, he played between 1993–94 and 2005–06. He occasionally kept wicket.

Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (/ˌpiːtərˈmærɪtsbɜːrɡ/; Zulu: uMgungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.

The town was named in Zulu, after King Dingane's royal homestead uMgungundlovu. Pietermaritzburg is popularly called Maritzburg and is often informally abbreviated to PMB. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producing aluminium, timber and dairy products, and is the main economic hub of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The public sector is a major employer in the city due to local, district and provincial government offices located here.

The city has many schools and tertiary education institutions, including a campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
Koelpinia
Koelpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

The genus Koelpinia, authored by Peter Simon Pallas, was named after Pallas friend Alexander Bernhard Koelpin (1739–1801), who was a German physician and botanist, and director of the Greifswald Botanic Garden and Arboretum from 1765 to 1767, after which he became professor at Marienstiftsgymnasium in Stettin.

Species

Koelpinia chrysoglochis Rech.f. - Iran, Iraq

Koelpinia deflexa Stschegl. - Central Asia

Koelpinia linearis Pall. - from Morocco to Xinjiang

Koelpinia macrantha C.Winkl. - Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia

Koelpinia sessilis Boiss. - Iran

Koelpinia tenuissima Pavlov & Lipsch. - Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Central Asia

Koelpinia turanica Vassilcz. - Central Asia

Peter Simon Pallas
Peter Simon Pallas FRS FRSE (22 September 1741 – 8 September 1811) was a Prussian zoologist, botanist, ethnographer, explorer, geographer, geologist, natural historian, and taxonomist. He studied natural sciences at various universities in early modern Germany and worked primarily in the Russian Empire between 1767 and 1810.
Bank of Jakin
The Bank of Jakin, also known as Jakin Post Office, at  135 S. Pearl St. in Jakin in Early County, Georgia, was built in 1912. It served as the only bank in the town until 1923, then served as the town post office until 1988. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

It is a one-story brick Early Commercial style building with a flat roof. It has a "stepped parapet roof with corbeled brick and recessed brick panels along the cornice."

Early County, Georgia
Early County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,854. The county seat is Blakely, where the Early County Courthouse is located. Created on December 15, 1818, it was named for Peter Early, 28th Governor of Georgia. The county is bordered on the west by the Chattahoochee River, forming the border with Alabama.
2022 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team
The 2022 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team represented Eastern Michigan University during the 2022 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Eagles were led by ninth-year head coach Chris Creighton and played their home games at Rynearson Stadium in Ypsilanti, Michigan. They competed as members of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference (MAC). By finishing the regular season at 8–4, the Eagles reached eight wins for the first time since winning a school-record ten games in 1987.

1987 Eastern Michigan Hurons football team
The 1987 Eastern Michigan Hurons football team represented Eastern Michigan University during the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. Eastern Michigan competed as a member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC), was coached by Jim Harkema, and played their homes game at Rynearson Stadium. They finished the season 10–2 overall and 7–1 in MAC play while winning the MAC championship. It was their first conference team since joining the MAC and first overall since winning the Illinois Intercollegiate Athletic Conference in 1957. The Hurons went to the 1987 California Bowl (their first bowl appearance since joining Division I and first since the 1971 Pioneer Bowl) and upset 17⁠1/2⁠ point favorite San Jose State for their first bowl win in EMU history. It is the first and so far only time Eastern Michigan has had a ten win season along with their last bowl appearance until 2016.
London Country South West
London Country South West (LCSW) was a bus operator in South East England and London. It was formed from the split of London Country Bus Services in 1986 and operated a fleet of around 415 buses from 10 garages, with its headquarters in Reigate.

Cranleigh
Cranleigh is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Waverley, Surrey, England. It lies 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Guildford on a minor road east of the A281, which links Guildford with Horsham. It is in the north-west corner of the Weald, a large remnant forest, the main local remnant being Winterfold Forest directly north-west on the northern Greensand Ridge. In 2011 it had a population of just over 11,000.