hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spinneret (polymers)
A spinneret is a device used to extrude a polymer solution or polymer melt to form fibers. Streams of viscous polymer exit via the spinneret into air or liquid leading to a phase inversion which allows the polymer to solidify. The individual polymer chains tend to align in the fiber because of viscous flow. This airstream liquid-to-fiber formation process is similar to the production process for cotton candy. The fiber production process is generally referred to as "spinning". Depending on the type of spinneret used, either solid or hollow fibers can be formed.
Spinnerets are also used for electrospinning and electrospraying applications. They are sometimes called coaxial needles, or coaxial emitters.

Spinnerets are usually made of metals with melting points too low to withstand the heating processes employed in industrial metallurgy, and thus are generally not used to form metallic fibers.

Cotton candy
Cotton candy, also known as candy floss (candyfloss) and fairy floss, is a spun sugar confection that resembles cotton. It is made by heating and liquefying sugar, and spinning it centrifugally through minute holes, causing it to rapidly cool and re-solidify into fine strands. It usually contains small amounts of food flavoring and it naturally bears the color of the sugar it is made of which is often altered with food coloring.

It is often sold at fairs, circuses, carnivals, and festivals, served in a plastic bag, on a stick, or on a paper cone.

It is made and sold globally, as candy floss in the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, New Zealand, and South Africa, as fairy floss in Australia. Similar confections include the Chinese longxusu, the Korean kkul-tarae and the Iranian pashmak.
Ecogrid
Ecogrid, known as Ecoraster to most of Europe, is a type of plastic, permeable paving grid used in the construction of parking lots, walkways and other outdoor surfaces.

Ecogrid is marketed as a green technology because it is designed to reduce harmful stormwater runoff and is made with post-consumer plastic to reduce waste.  Ecoraster was trade marked by Purus Plastics in 2008.

Ecogrid is made from specially selected plastics that are recycled in their Bavarian production centre. It has a locking mechanism that secures one grid to the next. There are many fill types for this kind of grid system but mainly they are:

Grass

Gravel

Resin bound stone

Resin bound rubber crumb

Soil

Environmental technology
Environmental technology (or envirotech) is the use of engineering and technological approaches to understand and address issues that affect the environment with the aim of fostering environmental improvement. It involves the application of science and technology in the process of addressing environmental challenges through environmental conservation and the mitigation of human impact to the environment.

The term is sometimes also used to describe sustainable energy generation technologies such as photovoltaics, wind turbines, etc.
Svanbergite
Svanbergite is a colorless, yellow or reddish mineral with the chemical formula SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6. It has rhombohedral crystals.

It was first described for an occurrence in Varmland, Sweden in 1854 and named for Swedish chemist Lars Fredrik Svanberg (1805–1878).

It occurs in high aluminium medium-grade metamorphic rocks; in bauxite deposits  and from sulfate enriched argillic alteration (high silica and clay) associated with hydrothermal systems often replacing apatite. It occurs with pyrophyllite, kyanite, andalusite, lazulite, augelite, alunite, kaolinite and quartz.

Kyanite
Kyanite is a typically blue aluminosilicate mineral, found in aluminium-rich metamorphic pegmatites and sedimentary rock. It is the high pressure polymorph of andalusite and sillimanite, and the presence of kyanite in metamorphic rocks generally indicates metamorphism deep in the Earth's crust. Kyanite is also known as disthene or cyanite.

Kyanite is strongly anisotropic, in that its hardness varies depending on its crystallographic direction. In kyanite, this anisotropism can be considered an identifying characteristic, along with its characteristic blue color. Its name comes from the same origin as that of the color cyan, being derived from the Ancient Greek word κύανος. This is typically rendered into English as kyanos or kuanos and means "dark blue."

Kyanite is used as a raw material in the manufacture of ceramics and abrasives, and it is an important index mineral used by geologists to trace metamorphic zones.
Aspilapteryx inquinata
Aspilapteryx inquinata is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Turkey, Lebanon, Italy and the North Aegean islands.

The wingspan is 8–10 mm.

The larvae probably mine the leaves of their host plant.

North Aegean islands
37°48′00″N 23°27′00″E﻿ / ﻿37.8000°N 23.4500°E﻿ / 37.8000; 23.4500

The North Aegean islands are a number of scattered islands in the North Aegean Sea, also known as the Northeastern Aegean islands, belonging mostly to Greece and a few of them to Turkey. The islands do not form a physical chain or group, but are frequently grouped together for tourist or administrative purposes. To the south are the Dodecanese islands, and to the west are the Cyclades and Sporades islands.

Within this group, the main islands in the northeastern Aegean Sea and along the Turkish coast are the Greek islands of Samos, Ikaria, Chios, Lesbos, Lemnos, Agios Efstratios, Psara, Fournoi Korseon, Oinousses and the Turkish islands of Imbros, Tenedos and the Rabbit or Tavşan Islands. The main islands in the Thracian Sea in the far north are the Greek islands of Samothrace and Thasos.

Most are in the North Aegean administrative region.
Esmeralda (given name)
Esmeralda is a feminine given name of Portuguese and Spanish origin meaning emerald. The name was used for a Roma character in The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, an 1831 novel by Victor Hugo that has been dramatized on film and screen and also brought the name to the attention of people in the English-speaking world. Esméralda is a French version of the name.

Emerald
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds have many inclusions, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate. It occurs mainly in association with quartz, muscovite, albite, schorl, microcline, fluorite, smoky quartz and elbaite.
Tarrant Monkton
Tarrant Monkton is a village and civil parish in north Dorset, England, situated in the Tarrant Valley about four miles (six kilometres) east-northeast of Blandford Forum. Within the parish boundary, 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) over hills to the west, lies the major part of Blandford Camp army base (including the Royal Signals Museum). In the 2011 census the parish—including the army base—had a population of 1,986. The village is centred on the All Saints Parish Church, opposite which is the Langton Arms, a public house and restaurant.

Blandford Camp
Blandford Camp is a military base comprising some 390 hectares of downland lying 2 miles (3 km) north-east of Blandford Forum in the county of Dorset in southern England.

Significant areas of the camp are Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

Blandford Camp is currently the home of the Royal Signals, housing both the headquarters of the corps as well as the headquarters of the Defence College of Communications and Information Systems (DCCIS), the Royal School of Signals (which includes 11 Signal Regiment), the Royal Signals Museum and the HQ Station (G4RS) of the Royal Signals Amateur Radio Society. A number of other telecommunications-related units, such as the MOD Land Systems Reference Centre, are also housed on the site. Over the years, however, the camp has been home to Royal Navy, Royal Air Force, Army and joint-Service units, as well as to a US Army hospital complex. The site has also been used as a road racing circuit.
Bloskülb
The Bloskülb is a 570-metre-high hill in the central part of the Palatine Forest of Germany. It lies about three kilometres northwest of the village of  Iggelbach. It is located entirely within the territory of the municipality of Elmstein.

Palatinate Forest
The Palatinate Forest (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfälzerwald [ˈpfɛltsɐvalt] ⓘ), sometimes also called the Palatine Forest, is a low-mountain region in southwestern Germany, located in the Palatinate in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The forest is a designated nature park (German: Naturpark Pfälzerwald) covering 1,771 km2 and its highest elevation is the Kalmit (672.6 m).

Together with the northern part of the adjacent Vosges Mountains in France it forms the UNESCO-designated Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve.
Russian chanson
Russian chanson (Russian: русский шансон, romanized: russkiy shanson; from French "chanson") is a neologism for a musical genre covering a range of Russian songs, including city romance songs, author song performed by singer-songwriters, and blatnaya pesnya or "criminals' songs" that are based on the themes of the urban underclass and the criminal underworld.

Alexander Vertinsky
Alexander Nikolayevich Vertinsky (Russian: Александр Николаевич Вертинский; March 20 [O.S. March 8] 1889 – May 21, 1957) was a Russian and Soviet artist, poet, singer, composer, cabaret artist and actor who exerted seminal influence on the Russian tradition of artistic singing.
Acqua Vergine
The Acqua Vergine is one of several Roman aqueducts that deliver pure drinking water to Rome.  Its name derives from its predecessor Aqua Virgo, which was constructed by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa in 19 BC. Its terminal castellum is located at the Baths of Agrippa, and it served the vicinity of Campus Martius through its various conduits. In an effort to restore fresh water to Rome during the Renaissance, Pope Nicholas V, in 1453, renovated the main channels of the Aqua Virgo and added numerous secondary conduits under Campo Marzio. The original terminus, called a mostra, which means showpiece, was the stately, dignified wall fountain designed by Leon Battista Alberti in Piazza dei Crociferi. Due to several additions and modifications to the end-most points of the conduits during the years that followed, during the Renaissance and Baroque periods, the Acqua Vergine culminated in several magnificent mostre - the  Trevi Fountain and the fountains of Piazza del Popolo.

Campo Marzio
Campo Marzio (Italian: [ˈkampo ˈmartsjo]) is the 4th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. IV. It belongs to the Municipio I and covers a smaller section of the area of the ancient Campus Martius. The logo of this rione is a silver crescent on a blue background.
Gymnastics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's trampoline
The men's individual trampoline competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney was held on 23 September at the Sydney SuperDome. This was the first Olympics where the trampoline competition was held. Alexander Moskalenko won the gold medal after coming out of retirement once trampoline was announced as an Olympic sport.

Sydney SuperDome
The Sydney SuperDome, currently known as the Qudos Bank Arena under a naming rights deal, is a multipurpose arena in Sydney Olympic Park, New South Wales, Australia. It was completed in 1999 as part of the facilities for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Referendum Bill 2010
There have been several referendum bills proposed in 2010:

Scottish Referendum Bill, 2010, draft bill, later passed in 2013

2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, draft bill, later passed in 2011

2010 Icelandic loan guarantees referendum's bill (8 January 2010)

2010 Slovenian border dispute agreement referendum's bill (26 April 2010)

2010 Turkish constitutional referendum's bill (7 May 2010)

2010 Slovenian border dispute agreement referendum
A referendum on resolving the border dispute with Croatia was held in Slovenia on 6 June 2010. Voters were asked whether the dispute should be brought before an international arbitration tribunal. The results showed 51.54% of voters in favour, with a voter turnout of 42.66%.
Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Midnapore
Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Midnapore (VTTC), also known as  Midnapore B.Ed. College, is a B.Ed. college situated in Midnapore, West Bengal.

It was established in 1968. The college, under West Bengal University of Teachers' Training, Education Planning and Administration, is also approved by the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) and the University Grants Commission (UGC).

Baba Saheb Ambedkar Education University
Baba Saheb Ambedkar Education University, formerly known as West Bengal University of Teachers' Training, Education Planning and Administration  (WBUTTEP&A), was established by an Act of the West Bengal legislature published in the Kolkata Gazette, Extraordinary, 16 January 2015. This is the first university in India set up by any State Government exclusively for training teachers. The university was established in 2015 and Prof. Mita Bandhopadhyay became the first Vice Chancellor. It offers different teacher's training courses (B.Ed. and M.Ed.) at the undergraduate and postgraduate level. The courses are approved by National Council for Teacher Education. It has 200 teachers' training colleges affiliated to its jurisdiction and its horizon encompasses the entire state of West Bengal.

On 27 June 2022, Govt of West Bengal changed the present name of the university from WBUTTEPA to Baba Saheb Ambedkar Education University, named after B. R. Ambedkar.
Renato Casarotto
Renato Casarotto (Arcugnano, 15 May 1948 – K2, 16 July 1986) was an Italian mountaineer.

He was one of the strongest Italian alpinists of the 1970s and 1980s and was famous for his difficult solo winter climbs on the Dolomites and Mont Blanc and for opening new routes for mountains in Patagonia, Peru and in the Karakorum range. He lost his life during an attempt to scale the south-south-west ridge of K2.

Huascarán
Huascarán (Spanish pronunciation: [waskaˈɾan], wass ka RAHN; Quechua: Waskaran), Nevado Huascarán or Mataraju is a mountain located in Yungay Province, Ancash Department, Peru. It is situated in the Cordillera Blanca range of the western Andes. The southern summit of Huascarán (Huascarán Sur), which reaches 6,768 metres (22,205 ft), is the highest point in Peru, the northern Andes (north of Lake Titicaca), and in all of the Earth's tropics. It is the fourth highest mountain in South America after Aconcagua, Ojos del Salado, and Monte Pissis. Huascarán is ranked 25th by topographic isolation.
Golden Half
Golden Half (ゴールデンハーフ, Gōruden Hāfu) was an early 1970s J-pop band made up of 5 hāfu members, including Maria Mori, Eva Mary and Luna Takamura. All of the members were of mixed Japanese and Caucasian descent.

Golden Half was promoted by Watanabe Productions and was composed in September 1970 to sing and go-go dance on the Fuji TV show BEAT POP. They often sang western pop songs in Japanese and split in 1974. The band appeared in the nightclub scenes in Yasuharu Hasebe's Stray Cat Rock: Sex Hunter where they performed their hit song Kiiroi Sakuranbo ("Yellow Cherry").

Go-go dancing
Go-go dancers are dancers who are employed to entertain crowds at nightclubs or other venues where music is played. Go-go dancing originated in the early 1960s at the French bar Whisky a Gogo, located in the town of Juan-les-Pins. The French bar then licensed its name to the West Hollywood rock club Whisky a Go Go, which opened in January 1964 and chose the name to reflect the already popular craze of go-go dancing. Many 1960s-era nightclub dancers wore short, fringed skirts and high boots which eventually came to be called go-go boots. Nightclub promoters in the mid‑1960s then conceived the idea of hiring women dressed in these outfits to entertain patrons.
Kengir
Kengir (Kazakh: Кеңгір, Keñgır) is a village in central Kazakhstan. It is situated between the cities of Zhezqazghan and Satpayev. During the Soviet era, a prison labor camp of the Steplag division of Gulag in Kazakhstan was set up adjacent to it. The camp, which was situated near the central-Kazakhstan city of Dzhezkazgan, near the Kara-Kengir River, and held approximately 5,200 prisoners, was the scene of a notable prisoner uprising in the summer of 1954. After the camp was closed, a large automotive depot was placed there.

Steplag
Steplag or Stepnoy Camp Directorate, Special Camp No. 4  (Степлаг (Степной лагерь), Особлаг (Особый лагерь) № 4) was an MVD special camp for political prisoners within the Gulag system of the Soviet Union. It was established on February 28, 1948, on the base of the Spasozavodsky (Спасозаводский) POW camp near Karaganda, Kazakhstan. In May 1948 it was moved to Jezkazgan. In 1956, Steplag was disestablished, and its camps were transferred to the administration of the Kazakh SSR.
Spezia (Turin Metro)
Spezia is a station of the Turin Metro. The station was opened on 6 March 2011 as part of the Line 1 extension from Porta Nuova to Lingotto. Spezia station is in the busy, commercial district of south-central Turin, at the intersection between Via Nizza and Corso Spezia It is within walking distance of the Torino Lingotto, CTO Hospital and the Torino medical center.

Turin Metro
The Turin Metro (Italian: Metropolitana di Torino) is the modern driverless VAL rapid transit system serving Turin. It is operated by Gruppo Torinese Trasporti (GTT), a public company controlled by the municipality of Turin. The system comprises one 15.1-kilometre (9 mi 31 ch) line with 23 stations connecting Fermi station in Collegno with Piazza Bengasi in Turin, near the border with the municipality of Moncalieri.
Ermina Lekaj Prljaskaj
Ermina Lekaj Prljaskaj (born 15 August 1971) is a Kosovar-born Croatian politician and lawyer serving as a member of the Sabor since 2011 in 12th electoral district representing Albanians, Bosniaks and other Yugoslavian minorities. She was defeated for re-election by Bosniak candidate Armin Hodžić in the 2024 Croatian parliamentary election.

2024 Croatian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Croatia on 17 April 2024 to elect the members of the 11th Sabor. Prior to the elections, the government consisted of a coalition of the Croatian Democratic Union and Independent Democratic Serb Party, with parliamentary support of five national minority MPs, two MPs from the Croatian Social Liberal Party and Croatian Demochristian Party, and one independent MP, Silvano Hrelja.

The ruling centre-right HDZ won the most seats for the fourth straight election, defeating the centre-left Rivers of Justice alliance. The right-wing populist Homeland Movement finished third, with the left-wing and green We Can! in fourth place. The HDZ subsequently formed a right-wing coalition with the Homeland Movement and returned HDZ leader Andrej Plenković as Prime Minister for a third term.
Matahi Brothers
Matahi Brothers (26 March 1961 – 2 May 2023) was a French Polynesian banker and company director, who was managing director of the SOCREDO bank from 2017 to 2022.

Brothers was born in New Caledonia and grew up in Papeete and Vairao on Tahiti. He studied at the University of Nice in France, graduating with master's degrees in management and accounting. He joined SOCREDO in 1987 as an account manager, and worked his way up through the ranks. From 2003 to 2006 he was director-general of OPT, before returning to SOCREDO to work as deputy chief executive. He also served as a director of Air Tahiti and Air Tahiti Nui. In January 2017 he was appointed managing director of SOCREDO, replacing James Estall. He retired from the position in 2022.

In December 2022 he was made a Knight of the Order of Tahiti Nui.

Vairao
Vaira'o, also known as Port Vairao and Matiti, is a small port town and district on the southwest coast of Tahiti, located just northwest of Teahupo'o.
A town hall and sports centers lie in the northern part of the village. It also features the Iti Diving International Centre, the only diving centre in Tahiti-Iti. Vaira'o Bay and lagoon are known for excellent fishing opportunities.
Swimming at the 2014 South American Games – Men's 200 metre individual medley
The men's 200 metre individual medley competition at the 2014 South American Games took place on March 9 at the Estadio Nacional.  The last champion was Thiago Pereira of Brazil.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, one each in backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle swimming.

2014 South American Games
The 2014 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Santiago, Chile. It was the 10th edition of the ODESUR South American Games. Santiago hosted this event for the second time, the first being in 1986. Most of the events took place in and around the National Stadium. The games were held between March 7 to 18.
Jizera Formation
The Jizera Formation is a geologic unit of Late Cretaceous (Turonian) age, located in the Czech Republic. It is a unit of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin.  It consists of fluvial to shallow marine sediments and pterosaur fossils are among the remains found in the Jizera Formation. The type locality of the Jizera Formation is a quarry in Zářecká Lhota.

Turonian
The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.2 Ma and 89.8 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded by the Cenomanian Stage and underlies the Coniacian Stage.

At the beginning of the Turonian an oceanic anoxic event (OAE 2) took place, also referred to as the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli Event". Sea level fall took place in the latter part of the Turonian from the highstand at the beginning of the Turonian.
Philomena (film)
Philomena is a 2013 drama film directed by Stephen Frears, based on the 2009 book The Lost Child of Philomena Lee by journalist Martin Sixsmith. The film stars Judi Dench as Philomena Lee, an elderly woman who has been searching for her son for 50 years, and Steve Coogan as Sixsmith, who tries to help her find him.

The film gained critical praise and received several international film awards. Coogan and Jeff Pope won Best Screenplay at the 70th Venice International Film Festival, while the film was also awarded the People's Choice Award Runner-Up prize at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was nominated for four Oscars at the 86th Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actress (for Dench), and Best Original Score. It was also nominated for four BAFTA Awards and three Golden Globe Awards.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Message to Our Folks
Message to Our Folks is a 1969 album by the Art Ensemble of Chicago recorded in Paris for the French BYG Actuel label. It features performances by Lester Bowie, Joseph Jarman, Roscoe Mitchell and Malachi Favors Maghostut.

BYG Records
BYG Records was a French record label known for the Actuel series specializing in free jazz. However, the label released a handful of non-jazz recordings by artists such as Musica Elettronica Viva, Terry Riley, Freedom and Gong.