hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dictyonema pectinatum
Dictyonema pectinatum is a species of lichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is a basidiolichen—a lichen whose fungal partner belongs to the Basidiomycota rather than the more typical Ascomycota. The species was discovered and described in 2012 from specimens found growing on the bark of introduced guava trees in the humid highlands of Santa Cruz Island in the Galápagos. It forms thin, dark olive-green films that appear as neatly arranged, glossy threads lying side-by-side like combed cloth when viewed under magnification. The lichen is known only from a small area of the Galápagos and appears to depend entirely on non-native guava trees for its habitat.

Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
Khanchali Managed Reserve
Khanchali Managed Reserve (Georgian: ხანჩალის ტბის აღკვეთილი) is a protected area in Ninotsminda Municipality in Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia. It protects Khanchali Lake on the south-eastern part of the volcanic Javakheti Plateau, at an altitude of 1928 meters above sea level.
Khanchali Lake has been considered to be included into Ramsar Convention list of  Wetlands of international importance.

Khanchali Managed Reserve is part of Javakheti Protected Areas which also includes Javakheti National Park, Kartsakhi Managed Reserve, Sulda Managed Reserve, Bugdasheni Managed Reserve, Madatapa Managed Reserve.

Samtskhe–Javakheti
Samtskhe–Javakheti (Georgian: სამცხე-ჯავახეთი, [s̪ämt̪͡s̪ʰχe̞ d͡ʒäväχet̪ʰi], Armenian: Սամցխե-Ջավախեթի, romanized: Samts’khe-Javakhet’i) is a region (mkhare) in southern Georgia with a population of 147,400 (2023) and an area of 6,413 km2 (2,476 sq mi). The region has Akhaltsikhe as its administrative center. Samtskhe–Javakheti is made up of the historical Georgian provinces Meskheti, Javakheti and Tori.

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, the South Caucasus natural gas pipeline, and the Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway pass through the region.

The population of the region is made up of Georgians and Armenians, as well as smaller numbers of Russians.
Qina Qina (Cochabamba)
Qina Qina (Aymara qina qina an Andean cane flute, also meaning 'full of holes', also spelled Khena Khena) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 4,800 m (15,700 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Quillacollo Province, Quillacollo Municipality, at the border of the Morochata Municipality.

Quillacollo Municipality
Quillacollo Municipality is the first municipal section of the Quillacollo Province in the Cochabamba Department, Bolivia. Its capital is Quillacollo. At the time of census 2001 the municipality had 104,206 inhabitants.
Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Mandhan
Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan is a social welfare scheme launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment of the Government of India in February 2019  for poor labourers in the unorganised sector from minimum 18 years of age to maximum 40 years. According to government figures, about 42 crore people in India are associated with the unorganized sector. These people have a chance to take advantage of this scheme.

Ministry of Labour and Employment (India)
The Ministry of Labour & Employment is one of the oldest and most important Ministries of the Government of India. This is an India's federal ministry which is responsible for enforcement of labour laws in general and legislations related to a worker's social security. The Ministry aims to create a healthy work environment for higher production and productivity and to develop and coordinate vocational skill training and employment. However, Skill Development responsibilities, such as Industrial Training and Apprenticeship responsibilities were transferred to the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship from 9 November 2014. The Ministry launched the National Career Service portal on 20 July 2015 to help bridge the gap between job providers and job seekers. Jagjivan Ram was the first Labour Minister of independent India, serving in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet from 1947 to 1952.
Gerald Cuthbert
Major-General Gerald James Cuthbert, CB, CMG (12 September 1861 – 1 February 1931) was a British Army officer who commanded a battalion in the Second Boer War and a division in the First World War. Cuthbert joined the Scots Guards in 1882 and served in Egypt and the Sudan during the late 19th century. During the Boer War he served with his regiment, rising to command a battalion. After the war he commanded a brigade in the Territorial Force and then in the British Expeditionary Force of 1914. He served on the Western Front from 1914 to 1917, rising to command the 39th Division, then returned to home service before retiring in 1919.

Beaufront Castle
Beaufront Castle is a privately owned 19th-century country house near Hexham, Northumberland, England. It is a Grade I listed building.

A pele tower was recorded at Beaufront in 1415. Dorothy Carnaby, heiress to the estate in the 16th century, married Gilbert Errington, and the Erringtons built a new house in the 17th century.

The property was acquired by the Cuthbert family in the early 19th century and the present imposing castellated Gothic revival style mansion was built, incorporating parts of the 17th-century house, between 1836 and 1841 to the design of architect John Dobson. William Cuthbert was High Sheriff of Northumberland in 1860.
Philipp Meitner
Philipp Meitner (24 August 1839, Všechovice (German: Wschechowitz bei Keltsch) – 9 December 1910, Vienna) was an Austrian lawyer and chess master. His most famous game was the "Immortal Draw" (Carl Hamppe vs Philipp Meitner, Vienna 1872). He won at Vienna 1875, and won a match against Adolf Schwarz (6½–3½) at Vienna 1878.

Meitner played in two strong international tournaments in Vienna in 1873 and Vienna in 1882. He tied for 7–8th in the first tournament (Wilhelm Steinitz and Joseph Henry Blackburne won), and took 14th in the second one (Wilhelm Steinitz and Szymon Winawer won). He also tied for 8–9th at Vienna 1882 (Vincenz Hruby won), took 8th at Vienna 1895 (Georg Marco won), took 4th at Vienna 1908 (Richard Réti won), and tied for 6–7th at Vienna 1909/1910 (Trebitsch Memorial, Réti won).

Meitner studied at the Vienna Polytechnic, and William Steinitz was a fellow student.

Philipp Meitner was the father of Lise Meitner.

Kelč
Kelč (Czech pronunciation: [kɛltʃ]; German: Keltsch) is a town in Vsetín District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,700 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Kaskey
Kaskey is a surname, which is at the same time a reduced form of McCaskey, an Americanized spelling of Kaske, and possibly altered from Koski. Notable people with the surname include:

Harry Kaskey (1901–1992), American speed skater

Matt Kaskey (born 1997), American football player

Raymond Kaskey (born 1943), American sculptor

Raymond Kaskey
Raymond Kaskey (born 1943) is an American sculptor and architect, best known for Portlandia and his contributions to the World War II Memorial.

Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he received a bachelor's degree in architecture from Carnegie Mellon University (1967) and a Master of Environmental Design degree from Yale University (1969). A fellow of the American Institute of Architects, he received the Henry Hering Medal from the National Sculpture Society for Portlandia.

Kaskey has threatened and taken legal action against unauthorized users of his work; his defense of Portlandia's copyright has been blamed for the sculpture's relative lack of prominence in popular culture and souvenirs of Portland.
Muslim Writers Awards
Muslim Writers Awards is an annual British award ceremony, which aims to recognise, showcase and celebrate literary talent within the UK's Muslim community. It was established in 2006, with the Young Muslim Award category established in 2010.

Now into its fourth year, the Muslim Writers Awards was put together to showcase and celebrate the very best of literary talent from Muslims across the UK.

Sufiya Ahmed
Sufiya Ahmed is a British author of children's literature. Her work includes the young adult (YA) novel Secrets of the Henna Girl (2012) and the middle-grade Rosie Raja and Time Travellers series. She is also known for writing a modern continuation of Enid Blyton's The Famous Five.
Navibus
Navibus is a group of water bus routes in the French city of Nantes, operated as part of the Tan urban transit network that also includes buses and trams. Routes operate on both the River Loire and the River Erdre, and accept the full range of standard Tan tickets.

The current services date back to an initial trial service on the River Loire in 2005. Historically, services were operated on the River Loire between 1887 and 1958 by a flotilla of eight steam boats known as roquios.

Erdre
The Erdre (French pronunciation: [ɛʁdʁ]; Breton: Erzh) is a 97.4 km (60.5 mi) long river in western France, right tributary to the Loire. Its source is in the Maine-et-Loire department, near La Pouëze. It flows through the departments Maine-et-Loire and Loire-Atlantique. The Erdre meets the Loire in the city of Nantes. Other towns on the Erdre, going downstream, are Candé, Riaillé, Nort-sur-Erdre and Sucé-sur-Erdre.

South of Nort-sur-Erdre, the river flows through reclaimed marshland, and is up to a kilometer wide at the Plaine de Mazerolles near Sucé-sur-Erdre. At the Plaine de la Poupiniere, the Nantes-Brest canal joins the Erdre.

The Erdre flows into the Loire via the St Felix canal tunnel under Rue Henri IV, emerging near the main railway station. Its former course is a main road and shopping area, the Cours des Cinquante Otages.
Winters's formula
Winters's formula, named after R. W. Winters, is a formula used to evaluate respiratory compensation when analyzing acid-base disorders in the presence of metabolic acidosis. It can be given as:

,

where HCO3− is given in units of mEq/L and PCO2 will be in units of mmHg.

Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (American English: /baɪˈkɑːr.bə.neɪt/ ⓘ) (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3–.

Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system.

The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The name lives on as a trivial name.
2008 Tour de Corse
The 2008 Tour de Corse was the thirteenth round of the 2008 World Rally Championship season. The event was won by Citroën driver Sébastien Loeb for the fourth year in succession. It was his tenth victory of the season and gave him a fourteen-point lead in the drivers table with just two rallies left in the season. Ford driver Mikko Hirvonen finished in second place after team orders issued by the Ford team forced François Duval and Jari-Matti Latvala to drop behind him, in order to improve his championship hopes.

Mikko Hirvonen
Mikko Hirvonen (born 31 July 1980) is a Finnish former rally driver, and a current Rally-Raid driver, who drove in the World Rally Championship. He placed third in the drivers' championship and helped Ford to the manufacturers' title in both 2006 and 2007. In 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2012 he finished runner-up to Sébastien Loeb. Hirvonen's co-driver was Jarmo Lehtinen from the 2003 season until his retirement in 2014, Lehtinen had replaced Miikka Anttila who co-drove with Hirvonen in the 2002 season.
Pimaric acid
Pimaric acid is a carboxylic acid that is classified as a resin acid.  It is a major component  of the rosin obtained from pine trees.

When heated above 100 °C, pimaric acid converts to abietic acid, which it usually accompanies in mixtures like rosin.

It is soluble in alcohols, acetone, and ethers.  The compound is colorless, but almost invariably samples are yellow or brown owing to air oxidation.  As a mixture with abietic acid, it is often hydrogenated, esterified, or otherwise modified to produce materials of commerce.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
2013 International Origin
The 2013 International Origin was the third and final edition of International Origin between England and Exiles. For 2013, the competition had reverted back to a single-match format and aimed to give England a good mid-season test in preparation for the 2013 Rugby League World Cup in November. The match was played on 14 June 2013 at the Halliwell Jones Stadium.

Richie Myler
Richard David Myler (born 21 May 1990) is a retired rugby league footballer, who is currently the director of rugby for Hull FC in the Super League. He is a member of the Ireland squad for the delayed 2021 Rugby League World Cup, having declared for Ireland in 2022. Previously he has represented England and the England Knights at international level.

He has played for the Widnes Vikings in the Championship, and the Salford City Reds  in the Championship and the Super League. Myler has also played for the Warrington Wolves and the Catalans Dragons in the Super League.
Gerry Moynihan
Gerry Moynihan KC is a Scottish advocate who was Standing Junior Counsel for the Scottish Office in relation to planning matters from 1990 to 1995. Moynihan was appointed QC in 1997 and was an Advocate Depute from 1995 to 1998.

Moynihan undertakes a wide range of civil litigation from commercial disputes to professional negligence. Moynihan has an extensive practice in Human Rights and Administrative Law, and is instructed on behalf of public bodies including the Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission, for whom he acted in recovering records from the Lord Advocate. He obtained compensation for a number of litigants in a class action in 2005.
He is currently Counsel to the Fingerprint Inquiry, an inquiry set by the Scottish Government under the Inquiries Act 2005.

Scottish Office
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now the Scottish Government), with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.
Piero Sacerdoti
Piero Sacerdoti (Milan, December 6, 1905 – Saint Moritz, December 30, 1966) was an Italian insurer and university professor, general manager of Riunione Adriatica di Sicurtà in Milan from 1949 to his death.

Allianz
Allianz SE (/ˈæliənts/ AL-ee-ənts, German: [aˈli̯ants] ⓘ) is a German multinational financial services company headquartered in Munich, Germany. Its core businesses are insurance and asset management.

Allianz is the world's largest insurance company and the largest financial services company in Europe. In 2023, the company was ranked 37th in the Forbes Global 2000. Also it is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.

Its asset management division, which consists of PIMCO and Allianz Global Investors, has €2,432 billion of assets under management (AUM), of which €1,775 billion are third-party assets (Q1 2021).

Allianz sold Dresdner Bank to Commerzbank in November 2008. Allianz was a major supporter of the Nazi movement and was an insurer of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Shiretoko Museum
The Shiretoko Museum (知床博物館, Shiretoko Hakubutsukan) opened in Shari, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1978 to mark the 100th anniversary of the municipality's foundation. The collection and displays relate to the natural and human history of the Shiretoko Peninsula.

In 1993, the Memorial Hall of Shari's Sister Town Relationships (姉妹町友好都市交流記念館) opened next door, with exhibits relating to Taketomi, Hirosaki, and the Shiretoko Neputa festival.

Hirosaki
Hirosaki (弘前市, Hirosaki-shi) is a city located in western Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026, the city had an estimated population of 157,031 in 84,998 households, and a population density of 300 per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city is 524.20 square kilometers (202.39 sq mi).

Hirosaki developed as a castle town for the 100,000 koku Hirosaki Domain ruled by the Tsugaru clan. The city is currently a regional commercial center, and the largest producer of apples in Japan.  The city government has been promoting the slogans "Apple Colored Town Hirosaki" and "Castle and Cherry Blossom and Apple Town" to promote the city image. The town is also noted for many western-style buildings dating from the Meiji period.
Ewecross
The historical area of Ewecross or Ewcross is a district in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. It included the parishes of Bentham, Clapham, Horton in Ribblesdale and Sedbergh and parts of Thornton in Lonsdale. Ewcross was split from the Staincliffe and Ewcross wapentake in the nineteenth century covering an area which was 25 miles (40 km) north to south (from Settle to Westmorland), and 11 miles (18 km) west to east.

In modern times the name has been used for one of the area deaneries under the Archdeacon of Richmond and Craven in the Anglican Diocese of Leeds. In 2017 it amalgamated with Bowland to become the Deanery of Bowland and Ewecross.

Since 1974 the area of the wapentake has been divided between the counties of North Yorkshire and Cumbria.

Rural dean
In the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion as well as some Lutheran denominations, a rural dean is a member of clergy who presides over a "rural deanery" (often referred to as a deanery); "ruridecanal" is the corresponding adjective.

The adjective rural does not mean the role is restricted to the countryside, but distinguishes them from the deans of cathedral chapters, which were historically in cities. In some Church of England dioceses rural deans have been formally renamed as area deans.
Numa T. Delouche
Numa T. Delouche (October 10, 1888  – July 7, 1965), was a Democrat from Cloutierville in south Natchitoches Parish,  who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives for one term between 1944 and 1948, along with Sylvan Friedman of nearby Natchez, Louisiana.

Delouche was married to Mary Vercher (1903–1979); their child, Numalee Pauline Delouche (1928–1934) died at the age of six. The Delouches are interred at St. John the Baptist Catholic Church Cemetery in Cloutierville.

Natchez, Louisiana
Natchez is a village in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Natchez had a population of 489. It is part of the Natchitoches Micropolitan Statistical Area. The village and parish are part of the Cane River National Heritage Area and located on Isle Brevelle.
Football for Hope
Football for Hope was a FIFA-sponsored football match played between the Ronaldinho XI team and the Shevchenko XI team on 15 February 2005 at the Camp Nou in Barcelona in support of the relief effort after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami disaster.

Organised by FIFA and UEFA in consultation with the Royal Spanish Football Federation, and with support from FC Barcelona, who provided their stadium and staff free of charge, this benefit match for the victims of the tsunami saw an XI led by Ronaldinho, the 2004 FIFA World Player of the Year, beat a team captained by Andriy Shevchenko, the 2004 European Footballer of the Year, by six goals to three.

FIFA hoped to raise £7 million in support of the tsunami victims, around a third through the game itself. All proceeds from the Football For Hope match went to the FIFA/Asian Football Confederation Tsunami Solidarity Fund.

In 2011, FIFA won the Sport for Health Award at the Beyond Sport Awards ceremony.

Beyond Sport
Beyond Sport is a UK-registered global foundation, having the role of promoting sustainable social change through sports. Over the past 14 years, the Foundation has given out grants totaling $6.7 million and supported over 490 projects in 150 countries. Its support has gone to a diverse range of organizations and individuals using sports ranging from yoga to martial arts to football to tackle social issues head-on. It works in partnership with other organizations including NBA, ESPN, Comic Relief, Sport England, The North Face, Unilever, MLB, MLS, NHL, and UK Sport. It has a global Board of Directors and a Youth Advisory Board.
2012 Amstel Gold Race
The 2012 Amstel Gold Race was the 47th running of the Amstel Gold Race, a single-day cycling race. It was held on 15 April 2012 over a distance of 256.5 kilometres (159.4 miles) and was the eleventh race of the 2012 UCI World Tour season.

The race was won by Astana rider Enrico Gasparotto after outsprinting several of his rivals to the finish on the Cauberg; it was his first Classics victory, and the first by an Italian rider in a one-day classic since Damiano Cunego won the 2008 Giro di Lombardia. Second place went to Lotto–Belisol's Jelle Vanendert, while Peter Sagan rounded out the podium placings for the Liquigas–Cannondale team. Two-time defending race winner Philippe Gilbert (BMC Racing Team) finished in the same time as Sagan, but was classified in sixth place.

2008 Giro di Lombardia
The 2008 Giro di Lombardia was the 102nd edition of this single-day road bicycle racing monument race. The event took place on 18 October 2008, with Damiano Cunego winning it, his fourth victory of the year, and the third of his career in the Giro di Lombardia and his second consecutive victory. Cunego managed to break away from the peloton with 15 kilometres on the descent of the Civiglio and was able to resist the chase of the peloton to win alone on the waterfront of Como. Janez Brajkovič of Astana finished 24 seconds behind, followed by Rigoberto Urán of Caisse d'Epargne.
Cecilia Mujica
Cecilia Mujica (died 1813), nicknamed The Martyr of Freedom, is a Venezuelan heroine noted for her support for the country's independence and her work with the independence forces. She was known as a propagandist.  Born in San Felipe, she was the daughter of the royalist Martín de Mujica, who was killed in the devastating earthquake of 1812. In 1811, she became engaged to Enrique de Villadonga.

She was executed by firing squad by royalist forces in 1813 in Los Zunzunes, Yaracuy during the Venezuelan War of Independence.

1812 Caracas earthquake
The 1812 Caracas earthquake took place in Venezuela on March 26 (on Maundy Thursday) at 4:37 p.m. It measured 7.7 on the Richter scale. It caused extensive damage in Caracas, La Guaira, Barquisimeto, San Felipe, and Mérida. An estimated 15,000–20,000 people perished as a result, in addition to incalculable material damage.

The seismic movement was so significant that in a zone named Valecillo, a new lake was formed and the river Yurubí was dammed up. Numerous rivulets changed their course in the Caracas valley, which was flooded with dirty water.

Based on contemporary descriptions, the earthquake is believed to have consisted of two seismic shocks occurring within the span of 30 minutes. The first destroyed Caracas and the second Mérida, where it was raining when the shock occurred.