hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Future Vision of the Palestinian Arabs in Israel
The Future Vision of the Palestinian Arabs in Israel is a joint document put together by prominent Arab citizens of Israel in December 2006, that calls for the state of Israel to shed its Jewish identity and become "a state of all its citizens". The document caused a great deal of controversy, even among more liberal Jewish Israelis.

Jewish state
In global politics, "Jewish state" is widely used as a synonym for Israel. The country's significance to Jews is fundamentally enshrined in the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Additionally, several Basic Laws of Israel collectively define it as a "Jewish and democratic state" in an official capacity. Israel is home to roughly half of the world's Jews, making it the only country in which Jews comprise more than 2.5% of the total population, and Israeli legislation is accordingly posited as addressing the 71.9% Jewish majority's values and aspirations.

The "Jewish" definition of Israel's role and character as a state has generated internal and external debate on the secular–religious status quo (though Israel is not a Halakhic state), the status of Israelis who belong to the non-Jewish minority, and the legal and practical implications of integrating such a definition on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Nu Pagadi
Nu Pagadi was a German pop band, formed in December 2004 on the fourth season of international reality television program Popstars. Originally a quartet, from May 2005 a trio, the group described their own musical style as "glam rock". In September 2005, only ten months after the band's formation, the members announced their official split due to musical differences.

In May 2005, the band changed from being a quartet to being a trio when Doreen Steinert left.

The band's name refers to the Russian language, Soviet-era cartoon-series of the 1970s and 1980s called "Nu, pogodi!" which means "Well, Just You Wait!".

Trio (music)
In music, a trio (from the Italian) is any of the following:

a composition for three performers or three musical parts

in larger works, the middle section of a ternary form (so named because of the 17th-century practice of scoring the contrasting second or middle dance appearing between two statements of a principal dance for three instruments)

an ensemble of three instruments or voices performing trio compositions.
1948 Iowa Senate election
The 1948 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1948 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 29 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.

A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the year 1948 is provided by the Iowa General Assembly here.

The primary election on June 3, 1948, determined which candidates appeared on the November 5, 1948 general election ballot.

Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa state Senate with 46 seats to Democrats' 4 seats.

To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 22 Senate seats.

Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1948 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 43 seats and Democrats having 7 seats (a net gain of 3 seats for Democrats).

Iowa General Assembly
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa General Assembly is the legislative branch of the state government of Iowa. Like the federal United States Congress, the General Assembly is a bicameral body, composed of the upper house Iowa Senate and the lower Iowa House of Representatives respectively. The Senate consists of four year terms and the House consists of two year terms. The General Assembly convenes within the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines since the capital was moved there in 1857. The assembly convenes annually on the second Monday in January.
A New Day (The Wire)
"A New Day" is the 11th episode of the fourth season of the HBO original series The Wire (2002-2008). The episode was written by Ed Burns from a story by David Simon and Ed Burns and was directed by Brad Anderson. It originally aired on November 26, 2006.

Brad Anderson (director)
Brad Anderson (born April 5, 1964) is an American film director, producer and writer. A director of thriller and horror films and television projects, he is best known for directing The Machinist (2004), starring Christian Bale, psychological horror film Session 9 (2001) and The Call (2013), starring Halle Berry. He also produced and directed several episodes of the Fox science fiction series Fringe. Earlier in his career he directed the romantic comedies Next Stop Wonderland (1998) and Happy Accidents (2000).
Mount Darnley
Mount Darnley (59°3′S 26°30′W﻿ / ﻿59.050°S 26.500°W﻿ / -59.050; -26.500) is a mountain, 1,160 metres (3,810 ft) high, in the south-central portion of Bristol Island in the South Sandwich Islands off Antarctica. It was charted in 1930 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II, who named it for E.R. Darnley.

South Sandwich Islands
The South Sandwich Islands (Spanish: Islas Sandwich del Sur) are a chain of uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. They are administered as part of the British Overseas Territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The chain lies in the sub-Antarctic region, about 700 kilometres (430 mi) southeast of South Georgia and 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) northeast from the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The archipelago comprises 11 main islands forming an island arc running north–south, the largest being Montagu at 110 square kilometres (42 sq mi). It is divided into four groups, from north to south: The Traversay, Candlemas and Central Islands (Saunders, Montagu, and Bristol), and Southern Thule.

The archipelago is prone to violent earthquakes. Over the previous century, nine M 7+ earthquakes have occurred here, the most recent being the M 8.1 in August 2021. None of these earthquakes are known to have caused fatalities due to their remote location.
Niren Sengupta
Niren Sengupta (Bengali: নীরেন সেনগুপ্ত; born 1940) is an Indian contemporary artist and academic. His works are primarily cubist in style, form and nature. His art often displays a spiritual inclination, influenced by Buddhist legends. His works also draw inspiration from the Ramakrishna Mission, a Hindu religious and philanthropic organisation headquartered in Belur Math, West Bengal.

Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission (RKM) is a spiritual and philanthropic organisation headquartered in Belur Math, West Bengal. The mission is named after the Indian Hindu spiritual guru and mystic Ramakrishna. The mission was founded by Ramakrishna's chief disciple Swami Vivekananda on 1 May 1897.
The organisation mainly propagates the Hindu philosophy of Vedanta–Advaita Vedanta and four yogic ideals – Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Raja yoga. The mission bases its work on the principles of Karma yoga, the principle of selfless work done with a dedication to God.
Witching Hill
Witching Hill  is a collection of short stories by E. W. Hornung. Its eight individual stories were first serialized in Scribner's Magazine from February to September 1912. The collection was published in February 1913 by Hodder & Stoughton, in London.

The stories revolve around the apparently supernatural happenings that occur on the housing estate of Witching Hill, and the combined efforts of the estate's clerk, Gillon, and a resident, Delavoye, to manage them.

Scribner's Magazine
Scribner's Magazine was an American periodical published by the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons from January 1887 to May 1939. Scribner's Magazine was the second magazine out of the Scribner's firm, after the publication of Scribner's Monthly. Charles Scribner's Sons spent over $500,000 setting up the magazine, to compete with the already successful Harper's Monthly and The Atlantic Monthly. Scribner's Magazine was launched in 1887, and was the first of any magazine to introduce color illustrations. The magazine ceased publication in 1939.

The magazine contained many engravings by famous artists of the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as articles by important authors of the time, including John Thomason, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris, Clarence Cook, and President Theodore Roosevelt.

The magazine had high sales when Roosevelt started contributing, reaching over 200,000, but gradually lost circulation after World War I.
Enrique Arancibia Clavel
Enrique Arancibia Clavel (13 October 1944 – 28 April 2011) was a Chilean Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA) Intelligence officer, terrorist and founder of the fascist Nationalist Liberation Offensive political movement.

Arancibia was convicted in Argentina for his role in the assassination of General Carlos Prats and for the kidnapping of Laura Elgueta and one other Chilean woman. After spending 20 years in prison, Arancibia was granted parole in July 2007. In April 2011, Arancibia was found stabbed to death in his apartment in Buenos Aires.

Intelligence officer
An intelligence officer is a member of the intelligence field employed by an organization to collect, compile or analyze information (known as intelligence) which is of use to that organization. The word of officer is a working title, not a rank, used in the same way a "police officer" can also be a sergeant, or in the military, in which non-commissioned personnel may serve as intelligence officers.

Organizations which employ intelligence officers include armed forces, police, and customs agencies.
Sarah Corson Downs
Sarah Jane Corson Downs (née, Corson; also known as "Mother Downs"; December 19, 1822 – November 10/11, 1891) was a 19th-century American temperance activist and social reformer. She was one of the best-known temperance advocates in the U.S., and was the state organizer in New Jersey of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). Since the organization of the State union, she served as its president. She was also an active worker in the church. Central in her life was Evangelical Methodism. Downs traveled thousands of miles up and down the State of New Jersey, wrote voluminously, and spoke at hundreds of gatherings. She always took an active part in the services of the Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association.

Temperance movement in the United States
The temperance movement in the United States, which sought to curb the consumption of alcohol, had a large influence on American politics and American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, culminating in the prohibition of alcohol, through the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, from 1920 to 1933. Today, there are organizations that continue to promote the cause of temperance.
Concept and object
In the philosophy of language, the distinction between concept and object is attributable to the German philosopher Gottlob Frege in 1892 (in his paper "Concept and Object"; German: "Über Begriff und Gegenstand").

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
1988 Swan Premium Open
The 1988 Swan Premium Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney, Australia and was part of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and ran from 10 through 16 October 1988. Fifth-seeded Slobodan Živojinović won the singles title.

1988 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only men's tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four Grand Slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments.
1980–81 Cypriot Cup
The 1980–81 Cypriot Cup was the 39th edition of the Cypriot Cup. A total of 41 clubs entered the competition. It began on 20 December 1980 with the preliminary round and concluded on 27 June 1981 with the replay final which was held at Tsirion Stadium. Omonia won their 5th Cypriot Cup trophy after beating Enosis Neon Paralimni 3–0 in the final.

Tsirio Stadium
The Tsirio Stadium (Greek: Τσίρειο Στάδιο) is an all-seater multi-purpose stadium in Limassol, Cyprus.

The stadium holds 13,331 people and is mostly used for football matches. It was the home ground of the three biggest clubs in Limassol, which have now moved to the Alphamega Stadium.

The football pitch is surrounded by an athletics track and serves as the home ground of the Limassol GSO (Gymnastikos Syllogos Olympia) Athletics Club.
44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment
The 44th Regiment, Tennessee Infantry was an infantry regiment from Tennessee that served with the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War.

The regiment was organized in December 1861, in Camp Trousdale. It fought in the Battle of Shiloh, Chickamauga, Mumfordville, Perryville, Stones River and Drewry's Bluff. From November 1863 until the end of the war, it was consolidated with the 22nd Tennessee Infantry Regiment.

Battle of Munfordville
The Battle of Munfordville (also known as the Battle of Green River) was an engagement in Munfordville, Kentucky during the American Civil War. Victory there allowed the Confederates to temporarily strengthen their hold on the region and impair Union supply lines.
Lepidogma latifasciata
Lepidogma latifasciata is a species of snout moth in the genus Lepidogma. It was originally described, by Wileman in 1911, under the noctuid genus Eulocastra. It is known from Hondo, and Yoshino, Japan.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
El Cardal Airport
El Cardal Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto El Cardal), (ICAO: SCKD) is an airport serving the Río Bueno commune in the Los Ríos Region of Chile.

The airport is 26 kilometres (16 mi) east-southeast of Río Bueno city.

Los Ríos Region
The Los Ríos Region  (Spanish: Región de Los Ríos, pronounced [los ˈri.os], lit. Region of the Rivers) is one of Chile's 16 regions, the country's first-order administrative divisions. Its capital is Valdivia. It began to operate as a region on October 2, 2007, having been created by subdividing the Los Lagos Region in southern Chile. It consists of two provinces: Valdivia and the newly created Ranco Province, which was formerly part of Valdivia Province.
Waleed Al-Bekheet
Waleed Saleh Al-Bekheet (Arabic: وليد صالح البخيت; born 4 April 1965) is a Kuwaiti former hammer thrower who competed at the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics, finishing in 27th and 25th, respectively. He is the 1993 Arab champion, and later competed at the 1995 World Championships in Gothenburg.

He later became an assistant throwing coach with the Kuwait Athletics Federation in 1999.

1993 Arab Athletics Championships
The 1993 Arab Athletics Championships was the eighth edition of the international athletics competition between Arab countries. It took place in Latakia, Syria from 24 to 27 September. A total of 40 athletics events were contested, 23 for men and 17 for women.

The men's marathon was replaced by the half marathon at this edition – a change which later became the standard at the competition. It was the last time that the 3000 metres was on the programme; it was the only women's long-distance running event here. The women's 400 metres hurdles was dropped from the programme due to a lack of entries.
James Kamana
James Kamana (born 15 August 1985) is a New Zealand rugby union footballer. He plays mostly as a full-back or a winger. He represents the Lions in Super Rugby and the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup. He previously played for Waikato and Tasman in his native country.

He joined Japanese second tier side Kamaishi Seawaves in 2013.

Rugby union in Japan
Rugby union in Japan is a moderately popular sport. It is regarded as the third-largest team sport in the country, behind baseball and football. The sport was introduced into the country in the 19th century and has since led to Japan being a powerhouse of rugby in Asia. Japan has the fourth-largest population of rugby union players in the world at around 126,000, as well as 3,631 official rugby clubs. The Japan national team has qualified for every Rugby World Cup (RWC) since its inception in 1987, and, until 2027, was the only Asian team to have qualified for the tournament. The Japan men's national team achieved their highest World Rugby Ranking of 7th at the 2019 Rugby World Cup, for which they were the host nation, the first-ever Asian hosts of a Rugby World Cup.
The Reprise Albums (1968–1971)
The Reprise Albums (1968–1971) is a four-disc box set by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, that was released on June 25, 2021, by Rhino Records. The set is the sixth overall release and first box set of remastered albums from the Joni Mitchell Archives, a planned series of releases featuring remastered and unreleased material from the singer's archives. Formatted in chronological order, the first volume of the remaster series includes Mitchell's first four albums, all of which were released on Reprise Records: Song to a Seagull (1968), Clouds (1969), Ladies of the Canyon (1970), and Blue (1971).

Ladies of the Canyon (album)
Ladies of the Canyon is the third studio album by the Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, released on Reprise Records in 1970. It peaked at No. 27 on the Billboard 200, and has been certified platinum by the RIAA. The title makes reference to Laurel Canyon, a center of popular music culture in Los Angeles during the 1960s, where Mitchell lived while she was writing the album. Specifically, Mitchell lived and wrote at 8217 Lookout Mountain Avenue, the house which is the subject of Graham Nash's "Our House". The album includes several of Mitchell's most noted songs, such as "Big Yellow Taxi", "Woodstock" and "The Circle Game".
Pirenga
Pirenga (Russian: Пиренга) is a rural locality (a Posyolok) in Polyarnye Zori municipality of Murmansk Oblast, Russia. The village is located beyond the Arctic Circle, on the Kola Peninsula. It  is 137 m above sea level.

Polyarnye Zori
Polyarnye Zori (Russian: Поля́рные Зо́ри, lit. polar dawns) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the Niva River, Lake Imandra, and Lake Pinozero, 224 kilometers (139 mi) south of Murmansk. The nearest settlements to Polyarnye Zory are: Zasheek (3 km), Pinozero (4 km), Nivskiy (8 km) and Afrikanda-1,2 (16 and 13 km). Population : 14,196 (2020 Сensus),  15,096 (2010 Census); 15,910 (2002 Census); 19,428 (1989 Soviet census).
Avodah Zarah
Avodah Zarah (Hebrew: עבודה זרה‎, or "foreign worship", meaning "idolatry" or "strange service") is the name of a tractate  of the Talmud, located in Nezikin, the fourth Order of the Talmud dealing with damages. The main topic of the tractate is laws pertaining to Jews living amongst Gentiles, including regulations about the interaction between Jews and "avodei ha kochavim", which literally interpreted is "Worshipers of the stars", but is most often translated as "idolaters", "pagans", or "heathen."

Damages
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognized at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognized for the award of damages.

Compensatory damages are further categorized into special damages, which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages, which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Rather than being compensatory, at common law damages may instead be nominal, contemptuous or exemplary.
European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
The European Society of Neurogastroenterology & Motility (ESNM) is a professional medical non-profit organization that was founded in 1982. The ESNM has over 3,100 European members, who are involved in the study of neuroscience and the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal function, and more generally in the advancement of neurogastroenterology.

The ESNM is a member of the United European Gastroenterology, a larger organization of European medical societies concerned with gastroenterology and digestive diseases.

Paul Enck
Paul Enck (born September 13, 1949) is Professor of Medical Psychology and was Head of Research at the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany until 2014; since then, he holds a part-time research and consultant position at the department. His research interests were and still are psychophysiology and neurogastroenterology (i.e. stress research, pain research, biofeedback applications, cortical imaging, eating disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders and placebo research). Since his semi-retirement in 2014, he added popular science writing in medicine and history to his activities.
2025 Manx local elections
The 2025 Manx Local Authority elections were held on 24 April 2025. The elections were held in three local authorities (Castletown, Patrick and Peel) and two electoral wards of local authorities (Douglas South Ward and Ramsey South Ward). Elected representatives will serve a term of four years.

In all the other local authorities and wards, there were not enough candidates to require a contested election.
In five electoral areas (Ballaugh parish commissioners; Douglas Central ward; Jurby parish commissioners; Port Erin village commissioners; Ramsey North ward), there were not enough candidates to fill the vacancies, and a by-election will be required to fill the remaining vacancies.

Peel, Isle of Man
Peel (Manx: Purt ny h-Inshey 'port of the Island') is a seaside town and small fishing port in the Isle of Man, in the historic parish of German but administered separately. Peel is the second largest town in the Island after Ramsey. However, it is the fourth largest settlement because the larger settlements of Douglas and Onchan are classed as a City and a Village, respectively.

Until 2016 (when it was merged with Glenfaba) Peel was also a House of Keys constituency, electing one Member of the House of Keys (MHK), who, since September 2015, is Ray Harmer.

Peel has a ruined castle on St Patrick's Isle, and a cathedral, seat of the Diocese of Sodor and Man (the diocese was founded when Mann was ruled by the Norse).