hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sri Lanka Hockey Federation
The Sri Lanka Hockey Federation is the governing body of field hockey in Sri Lanka. It is affiliated to IHF International Hockey Federation and AHF Asian Hockey Federation. The headquarters of the federation are in Colombo.

Sumith Edirisinghe is the President of the Sri Lanka Hockey Federation and Gamini Jayasinghe is the General Secretary.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Debugging pattern
A debugging pattern describes a generic set of steps to rectify or correct a bug within a software system.  It is a solution to a recurring problem that is related to a particular bug or type of bug in a specific context.

A bug pattern is a particular type of pattern.  The original concept of a pattern was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander as a design pattern.

Some examples of debugging patterns include:

Eliminate noise bug pattern – Isolate and expose a particular bug by eliminating all other noise in the system.  This enables you to concentrate on finding the real issue.

Recurring bug pattern – Expose a bug via a unit test.  Run that unit test as part of a standard build from that moment on.  This ensure that the bug will not recur.

Time-specific bug pattern – Expose the bug by writing a continuous test that runs continuously and fails when an expected error occurs.  This is useful for transient bugs.

Unit testing
Unit testing, a.k.a. component or module testing, is a form of software testing by which isolated source code is tested to validate expected behavior.

Unit testing describes tests that are run at the unit-level to contrast testing at the integration or system level.
Nagbal
Nagbal is a village in Ganderbal district of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The village lies in Ganderbal block of the district and is one of the nearest villages to Srinagar city. Rangil water treatment plant is situated in the same area which provides water supply to majority of city population.

Rangil water treatment plant
Rangil water treatment plant is situated on rangil mountain of Ganderbal district about 21 km from commercial centre of Kashmir.
 The water project was inaugurated by Farooq Abdullah on 15 March 2010 and its cost was estimated as Rs 31 crore.
Roy H. Park School of Communications
The Roy H. Park School of Communications is one of five schools at Ithaca College, in Ithaca, New York, United States. The school is named after media executive Roy H. Park, who lived in Ithaca and who served on the board of trustees at Ithaca College for many years.

In addition to its campus facilities in Ithaca, it runs the Pendleton Center in Los Angeles where students can study and engage in internships for a semester. Students also may study away at the college's center in London and through a newly established New York City program.

Diane Gayeski, an alumna of the school and a faculty member since 1979, served as its dean for more than a decade before retiring in 2020.

Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting
Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (FAIR) is a progressive media critique organization based in New York City. The organization was founded in 1986 by Jeff Cohen and Martin A. Lee. FAIR monitors American news media for bias, inaccuracies and censorship, and advocates for more diversity of perspectives in the news media. FAIR describes itself as "the national media watch group".

FAIR publishes Extra!, a magazine of media criticism, and also produces the radio program CounterSpin, which features interviews with journalists, scholars, and activists on current media-related news stories.
Rising sun lemma
In mathematical analysis, the rising sun lemma is a lemma due to Frigyes Riesz, used in the proof of the Hardy–Littlewood maximal theorem.  The lemma was a precursor in one dimension of the Calderón–Zygmund lemma.

The lemma is stated as follows:

Suppose g is a real-valued continuous function on the interval [a,b] and S is the set of x in [a,b] such that there exists a y∈(x,b] with g(y) > g(x). (Note that b cannot be in S, though a may be.) Define E = S ∩ (a,b).

Then E is an open set, and it may be written as a countable union of disjoint intervals

such that g(ak) = g(bk), unless ak = a ∈ S for some k, in which case g(a) < g(bk) for that one k. Furthermore, if x ∈ (ak,bk), then g(x) < g(bk).

The colorful name of the lemma comes from imagining the graph of the function g as a mountainous landscape, 
with the sun shining horizontally from the right. The set E consist of points that are in the shadow.

Lemma (mathematics)
In mathematics and other fields, a lemma (pl.: lemmas or lemmata) is a generally minor, proven proposition which is used to prove a larger statement. For that reason, it is also known as a "helping theorem" or an "auxiliary theorem". In many cases, a lemma derives its importance from the theorem it aims to prove; however, a lemma can also turn out to be more important than originally thought.
HMS Victorious
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Victorious.

HMS Victorious (1785), launched at Blackwall Yard, London, was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line

HMS Victorious (1808), launched at Bucklers Hard, was a 74-gun third rate

HMS Victorious (1895) was a Majestic-class battleship. She had a quiet career, spending World War I as a dockyard repair ship before being broken up in 1923.

HMS Victorious (R38), an Illustrious-class aircraft carrier, launched in 1939. She saw much action in World War II. She was scrapped in 1969.

HMS Victorious (S29), launched in 1993, is a Vanguard-class ballistic missile submarine

Vanguard-class submarine
The Vanguard class is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) in service with the Royal Navy. The class was introduced in 1994 as part of the Trident nuclear programme, and comprises four vessels: Vanguard, Victorious, Vigilant and Vengeance, built between 1986 and 1999 at Barrow-in-Furness by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering, now owned by BAE Systems. All four boats are based at HM Naval Base Clyde (HMS Neptune), 40 km (25 mi) west of Glasgow, Scotland.

Since the decommissioning of the Royal Air Force WE.177 free-fall thermonuclear weapons during March 1998, the four Vanguard submarines are the sole platforms for the United Kingdom's nuclear weapons. Each submarine is armed with up to 16 UGM-133 Trident II missiles. The class is scheduled to be replaced starting in the early 2030s with the Dreadnought-class submarine.
Vasantam
Vasantam (transl. Spring) is a 2003 Indian Telugu-language drama film written and directed by Vikraman. Produced by N. V. Prasad and Sanam Naga Ashok Kumar, the film starred Venkatesh, Arti Agarwal, and Kalyani. The music was composed by S. A. Rajkumar. The film won two Nandi Awards.

The film opened simultaneously alongside the Tamil version of the film, Priyamaana Thozhi, starring R. Madhavan, Jyothika, Sridevi Vijayakumar and Vineeth. It was remade in Kannada in 2010 as Hoo.

Vineeth
Vineeth Radhakrishnan (born 23 August 1969) is an Indian actor, Bharatanatyam dancer, voice artist and choreographer who primarily works in Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu language films. He has also appeared in a few Hindi and Kannada films. He has won several awards including 3 Kerala State Film Awards, Kalaimamani honour from Government of Tamil Nadu and Filmfare Award South nominations.
Maxim Cheeran
Maxim C-J. Cheeran is an American Associate Professor of virology and neurovirology at the University of Minnesota's Department of Veterinary Population Medicine. He trained as a veterinarian in India before earning a doctorate at the University of Minnesota, and specializes in infections of the central neural system.

Neurovirology
Neurovirology is an interdisciplinary field which represents a melding of clinical neuroscience, virology, immunology, and molecular biology. The main focus of the field is to study viruses capable of infecting the nervous system. In addition to this, the field studies the use of viruses to trace neuroanatomical pathways, for gene therapy, and to eliminate detrimental populations of neural cells.
Choristoneura lafauryana
Choristoneura lafauryana, the strawberry leafroller, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Spain, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Romania and Russia. In the east, the range extends to China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning), Korea and Japan.

The wingspan is 18–21 mm for males and 20–24 mm for females. Adults have been recorded on wing from July to August in western Europe.

The larvae feed on Artemisia (including Artemisia montana), Cirsium, Lespedeza, Ribes, Myrica (including Myrica gale), Forsythia, Larix, Fragaria (including Fragaria x ananassa), Pyrus and Salix species, as well as Rhododendron tomentosa, Glycine max, Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens, Morella rubra, Boehmeria nivea, Malus pumila and Malus sylvestris.

Myrica
Myrica /mɪˈraɪkə/ is a genus of about 35–50 species of small trees and shrubs in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales. The genus has a wide distribution, including Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America, and missing only from Antarctica and Oceania. Some botanists split the genus into two genera on the basis of the catkin and fruit structure, restricting Myrica to a few species, and treating the others in Morella.

Common names include bayberry, bay-rum tree, candleberry, sweet gale, and wax-myrtle. The generic name was derived from the Greek word μυρίκη (myrike), meaning "fragrance".
Gottfried Silbermann
Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboard instruments.  He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and fortepianos; his modern reputation rests mainly on the latter two.

Clavichord
The clavichord is a stringed rectangular keyboard instrument that was used largely in the Late Middle Ages, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras.
Historically, it was mostly used as a practice instrument and as an aid to composition, not being loud enough for larger performances.  The clavichord produces sound by striking brass or iron strings with small metal blades called tangents. Vibrations are transmitted through the bridge(s) to the soundboard.
Portrait of George IV (Wallace Collection)
Portrait of George IV is an 1822 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Lawrence. It depicts George IV who reigned from 1820 until 1830, having previously been Prince Regent. The artist was the leading portrait painter of the Regency Era and received a large number of commissions from George.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
New York City's 12th City Council district
New York City's 12th City Council district is one of 51 districts in the New York City Council. It has been represented by Democrat Kevin Riley since a 2020 special election to replace disgraced fellow Democrat Andy King.

Bronx Community Board 10
Bronx Community Board 10 is a local government unit of the New York City borough of the Bronx, encompassing the neighborhoods of City Island, Co-op City, Pelham Bay, Throggs Neck and Westchester Square. It is delimited by the Hutchinson River and Pelham Bay Park to the east, New England Thruway, Hutchinson River Parkway, and Westchester Creek to the west, the Bronx/Westchester County Line to the north and the East River to the south.
The Black Seal
"The Black Seal" is the sixth and final episode of The Black Adder, the first serial in the BBC Television Blackadder series. Set in late 15th-century England, the episode concludes the alternate history of the last years of the House of York with the final adventure of Prince Edmund, Duke of Edinburgh, son of the fictional King Richard IV. The story follows a conspiracy by Edmund to overthrow the King and seize the Throne of England for himself, assisted by a band of violent mercenaries.

This episode features a number of guest stars, including Patrick Allen (who also provided the voiceover introducing each episode in this series) and The Young Ones actors Rik Mayall and Roger Sloman.

Paul Brooke
Paul Brooke (born 22 November 1944) is an English retired actor. He made his film debut in 1972 in the Hammer film Straight on till Morning, followed by performances in For Your Eyes Only (1981), Return of the Jedi (1983), Scandal (1989), Saving Grace (2000), Bridget Jones's Diary (2001), Alfie (2004), The Phantom of the Opera (2004) and Oliver Twist (2005). Brooke is the father of actor Tom Brooke.
Lord George Murray (bishop)
Lord George Murray (30 January 1761 – 3 June 1803) was an Anglican cleric best remembered for his work developing Britain's first optical telegraph, which began relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France. He was Bishop of Saint David's from 1801 until his death.

Deal, Kent
Deal is a coastal town in Kent, England, which lies where the North Sea and the English Channel meet, 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Dover and 8 miles (13 km) south of Ramsgate. It is a former fishing, mining and garrison town whose history is closely linked to the anchorage in the Downs. Close to Deal is Walmer, a possible location for Julius Caesar's first arrival in Britain.

Deal became a 'limb port' of the Cinque Ports in 1278 and grew into the busiest port in England; today it is a seaside resort, its streets and houses a reminder of its history along with many ancient buildings and monuments. In 1968, Middle Street was the first conservation area in Kent. The coast of France is approximately 25 miles (40 km) from the town and is visible on clear days. Deal Castle is a device fort commissioned by then-King, Henry VIII.
Two Suns in the Sunset
"Two Suns in the Sunset" is the closing track on Pink Floyd's 1983 concept album The Final Cut, and Roger Waters' final chronological contribution to the band, before leaving in 1985.

Since there was no promotional tour for The Final Cut, and this album was entirely ignored by Gilmour, Wright and Mason during the tours for A Momentary Lapse of Reason and The Division Bell, "Two Suns in the Sunset" was never performed live by Pink Floyd. However, Roger Waters, as a solo artist, premiered the song almost 35 years after its release in a concert from the Us + Them Tour, held on 17 October 2018 at Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Waters also played it in 2022 on his 2022–23 tour This Is Not a Drill.

This Is Not a Drill
This Is Not a Drill was the seventh concert tour by English songwriter Roger Waters. The tour began at the PPG Paints Arena in Pittsburgh, United States, on 6 July 2022, and ended at the Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa of Quito, Ecuador, on 9 December 2023. Waters first talked about a new live spectacle following his Us + Them Tour on a Rolling Stone interview in September 2019. In 2021, he called the show his "first farewell tour".
Francesco Petrozzi
Francesco Petrozzi (13 December 1961 – 27 May 2024) was a Peruvian lyric tenor and politician. He represented Peru at the OTI Festival 1986 with the song "Aprenderé". He served as minister of culture of Peru in 2019.

Petrozzi died on 27 May 2024, at the age of 62.

Ministry of Culture (Peru)
The Ministry of Culture (Spanish: Ministerio de Cultura, MINCUL) is the government ministry of Peru in charge of the promotion of Peruvian culture and identity. It was created on 20 July 2010, during the Second presidency of Alan García. It replaced the National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, INC), with Juan Ossio Acuña serving as its inaugural minister after his appointment on 4 September 2010.

As of 2025, the culture minister is Fabricio Valencia
Nanooravia
Nanooravia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Poaceae. The only species is Nanooravia santapaui, an annual grass, and its native range is Southern India (Kerala, Karnataka).

The genus was circumscribed by MS Kiran Raj and M.Sivadasan, and published in Nord. J. Bot., Vol. 31 on page 161 in 2013. It is characterised by unusual intertwined inflorescence; solitary pedicelled spikelet with keel-less auricled glumes, and long callus covered with golden yellow hairs.

The genus name Nanooravia is in honour of Professor N. Ravi, who is an Indian botanist and environmentalist. His serious efforts were instrumental in recognising the Asramam Biodiversity Heritage Site (ABHS), Kollam, the first in Kerala State.

Asramam
Asramam or Ashramam is one of the prime locations in Kollam city of Kerala, India. It is one among the 55 wards of Kollam Municipal Corporation. Asramam is a notable place in the city because of the presence of old airport, public/private institutions, tourism destinations, parks, hospitals, maidan etc. Asramam Maidan, the biggest open space now existing in any of the Kerala Municipal Corporation limits is situated at Asramam. The first airport in the state of Kerala, Kollam Airport, was functioned in this maidan. Asramam is the headquarters of the Kollam branches of Indian Medical Association and Sports Authority of India. Link Road, one of the important roads in the city, passing through Asramam. The one and only International Hockey Stadium in the state is at Asramam.
Child on the Open Road
Child on the Open Road (German: Kinder der Landstraße) is a 1919 German silent film directed by Richard Eichberg and starring Fred Goebel, Leontine Kühnberg and Kurt Halden.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Willi Herrmann.

Richard Eichberg
Richard Eichberg (27 October 1888 – 8 May 1952) was a German film director and producer. He directed 87 films between 1915 and 1949. He also produced 77 films between 1915 and 1950. He was born in Berlin, Germany and died in Munich, West Germany.
Shareaza
Shareaza is a peer-to-peer file sharing client running under Microsoft Windows which supports the Gnutella, Gnutella2 (G2), eDonkey, BitTorrent, FTP, HTTP and HTTPS network protocols and handles magnet links, ed2k links, and the now deprecated gnutella and Piolet links. It is available in 30 languages.

Shareaza was developed by Michael Stokes until June 1, 2004, and has since been maintained by a group of volunteers. On June 1, 2004, Shareaza 2.0 was released, along with the source code, under the GNU General Public License (GPL-2.0-or-later), making it free software.

Magnet URI scheme
Magnet is a URI scheme that defines the format of magnet links, a de facto standard for identifying files (URN) by their content, via cryptographic hash value rather than by their location.

Although magnet links can be used in a number of contexts, they are particularly useful in peer-to-peer file sharing networks because they allow resources to be referred to without the need for a continuously available host, and can be generated by anyone who already has the file, without the need for a central authority to issue them. This makes them popular for use as "guaranteed" search terms within the file sharing community where anyone can distribute a magnet link to ensure that the resource retrieved by that link is the one intended, regardless of how it is retrieved.
Noel Pemberton Billing
Noel Pemberton Billing (31 January 1881 – 11 November 1948), sometimes known as Noel Pemberton-Billing, was a British aviator, inventor, publisher and Member of Parliament for Hertford. He founded the firm that became Supermarine and promoted air power, and held a strong antipathy towards the Royal Aircraft Factory and its products. He was noted during the First World War for his populist views and for a sensational libel trial.

Airpower
Airpower or air power consists of the application of military aviation, military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare and close air support. Airpower began in  the advent of powered flight early in the 20th century. Airpower represents a "complex operating environment that has been subjected to considerable debate". British doctrine defines airpower as "the ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events." The Australian Experience of Air Power defines Airpower as being composed of Control of the Air, Strike, Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance, and Air Mobility roles.
Doug Sams
Doug Sams (born July 12, 1955) is an American former gridiron football coach.  He served as the head football coach at Urbana University in 1988, Fairmont State University from 1992 to 2001, and Northern Michigan University from 2002 to 2005, compiling a career college football coaching record of 70–82.  Sams was an assistant coach for several teams in the Canadian Football League (CFL): the Montreal Alouettes, Edmonton Eskimos, Ottawa Rough Riders, and Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

Northern Michigan University
Northern Michigan University (Northern Michigan, Northern or NMU) is a public university in Marquette, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1899 by the Michigan Legislature as Northern State Normal School. In 1963, the state designated the school a university and gave it the current name. The university comprises five academic divisions, offering some 180 programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. NMU's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats and compete primarily in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Terry Schappert
Terry Schappert is a United States Army National Guard Special Forces veteran and martial artist who is a periodic commentator on FOX News, who hosted the 2009 show Warriors on the History Channel. He left active duty before 9/11, but continues to serve in the Army National Guard. He has deployed three times since as a Guardsman. He has also had minor acting roles. He hosted a special during the Discovery Channel's Shark Week where he demonstrated ways in which to survive a shark attack. He also makes occasional guest appearances on The Greg Gutfeld Show and previously made appearances on Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld. He appeared on the cast of Dude, You're Screwed on the Discovery Channel.

Gutfeld!
Gutfeld! is an American conservative news and political satire talk show on Fox News Channel, weekdays at 10:00 p.m. ET, presented by Greg Gutfeld. The show debuted on May 31, 2015, as The Greg Gutfeld Show with Greg Gutfeld as host and Kat Timpf and Joanne Nosuchinsky as panelists. After Nosuchinsky left the show in 2016 to pursue an acting career, Tyrus joined as a regular panelist.

Since early 2016, Gutfeld! has been taped in front of a live studio audience and features a combination of political satire, comedy, and discussion regarding current events. It airs new episodes weeknights during primetime at 10:00 p.m. ET.

From 2007 to 2015, Gutfeld hosted a similar late-night show on Fox News called Red Eye.