hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bavarian Maximilian Railway
The Bavarian Maximilian Railway (German: Bayerische Maximiliansbahn) was as an east–west line built between the Bavarian border with Württemberg at Neu-Ulm in the west via Augsburg, Munich and Rosenheim to the Austrian border at Kufstein and Salzburg in the east as part of the Royal Bavarian State Railways. The Munich–Augsburg section of the line had already been built by the Munich-Augsburg Railway Company and opened in 1840. The line was named after the reigning King of Bavaria from 1848 to 1864 Maximilian II.

Rosenheim
Rosenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈʁoːzn̩ˌhaɪm] ⓘ) is a city in Bavaria, Germany. It is an independent city located in the centre of the district of Rosenheim in Upper Bavaria, and is also the seat of its administration. It is located on the west bank of the Inn at the confluence of the rivers Inn and Mangfall, in the Bavarian Alpine Foreland. It is the third-largest city in Upper Bavaria with over 64,000 inhabitants. Rosenheim is the economic centre and the busiest place in the region.
Uguisudani Station
35°43′19″N 139°46′40″E﻿ / ﻿35.722066°N 139.777851°E﻿ / 35.722066; 139.777851

Uguisudani Station (鶯谷駅, Uguisudani-eki) is a railway station in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The name relates to a valley where formerly many Japanese bush warblers (uguisu) were found. The station is to the north of the Tokyo National Museum and Ueno Park.

Japanese bush warbler
The Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone), known in Japanese as uguisu (鶯), is an Asian passerine bird more often heard than seen. Its distinctive breeding song can be heard throughout much of Japan from the start of spring.
Misopogon
The Misopogon ('Beard-Hater') is a satirical essay on philosophers by the Roman Emperor Julian. It was written in Classical Greek. The satire was written in Antioch in February or March 363, not long before Julian departed for his fateful Persian campaign.

Glanville Downey says of the text:

Julian vented his spleen in the famous satire, the Misopogon or Beard-Hater, in which, by pretending to satirize himself and the philosopher's beard which he wore in a clean-shaven age, he was able to pour forth his bitter anger against, and disappointment with, the people of Antioch.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2014
The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, such as current Victoria's Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Doutzen Kroes, Behati Prinsloo, Candice Swanepoel and Karlie Kloss. Lindsay Ellingson, Martha Hunt, Jasmine Tookes, Elsa Hosk, Lais Ribeiro, and Stella Maxwell all received billing.

The show featured musical performances by Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran, Ariana Grande, and Hozier.

For the first time, there were not one but two fantasy bras, the Dream Angels Fantasy Bras. They were worn by Alessandra Ambrosio (her second) and Adriana Lima (her third) and worth US$2,000,000 each.

Behati Prinsloo
Behati Prinsloo (/biˈɑːti ˈprɪnsluː/ bee-AH-tee PRIN-sloo, Afrikaans: [ˈbɛɦati ˈprənsluə]; born 16 May 1988) is a Namibian model. In 2008, she became a Pink contract model, and moved on to become a Victoria's Secret Angel in 2009. She walked in twelve Victoria's Secret Fashion Shows (2007–2015; 2018; 2024–2025), and opened consecutive Victoria's Secret Fashion shows in 2014 and 2015.
Mail boat
Mail boats or postal boats are a boat or ship used for the delivery of mail, and sometimes transportation of goods, people and vehicles, in communities where bodies of water commonly separate settlements, towns or cities, often where bridges are not available. They are also used where water transport is more efficient or cost effective, or other means of transport to the destination is impractical, even when roads or flights may be another option.

Nearly any type or size of boat or ship may be used as a mail boat or ship. The size of the boat may be determined by the needs of the communities it serves, or by environmental factors which may influence the boats design for protection of crew, passengers, and items for transport, or requiring lesser draft for shallower waters.

Sometimes a mail jumper jumps off the boat to exchange inbound and outbound mail while the mail boat continues slow movement rather than docking.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Tim Nedow
Timothy "Tim" Nedow (born October 16, 1990) is a Canadian track and field athlete who competes in the shot put and discus throw. He has personal bests of 21.33 m (69 ft 11+3⁄4 in) in the shot put and 61.49 m (201 ft 8+3⁄4 in) in the discus throw. He was the bronze medalist at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the 2013 Francophonie Games and a five-time champion of the Canadian Track and Field Championships (2011 discus, both shot put and discus in 2013 and 2014). He has also competed at the World Championships in Athletics, in 2013, and twice at the Summer Universiade. He studied and competed athletically at the University of Tulsa and DePaul University.

FISU World University Games
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".

The Universiade is referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students. In July 2020 as part of a new branding system by the FISU, it was stated that the Universiade was to be officially branded as the FISU World University Games.

The most recent summer event was the 2025 Summer World University Games held in Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany held from 16-27 July 2025, while the most recent winter event was the 2025 Winter World University Games held in Turin, Italy from 13 to 23 January 2025.
Patxi Rípodas
Francisco José Rípodas Oroz (born 13 September 1960), known as Patxi Rípodas or simply Rípodas, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He made 217 La Liga appearances over ten years with Osasuna and four with Athletic Bilbao.

CD Basconia
Club Deportivo Basconia is a Spanish football club based in Basauri, Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded on 14 March 1913, it currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 2, holding home games at the Artunduaga Sports Centre, in the town of Basauri. Years ago, Basconia used to play in the Estadio López Cortázar, which was demolished in order to build new buildings.

In 1997, they entered into a partnership with Athletic Bilbao to serve as a feeder club for Bilbao and essentially operate as the club's C team.
The Cursed Sanctuary X
The Cursed Sanctuary X (Japanese: 聖地Ｘ) is a 2021 Japanese horror film directed by Yu Irie, starring Masaki Okada, Haruna Kawaguchi, Kiyohiko Shibukawa, Maho Yamada, Sho Yakumaru, Yōko Maki and Naoto Ogata. It follows a pair of siblings who unknowngly stumble into cursed land while in South Korea. The film is an adaptation of the Tomohiro Maekawa play Holy Ground X.

Yōko Maki (actress)
Yōko Maki (真木 よう子 Maki Yōko, born Yōko Kanamori on October 15, 1982) is a Japanese actress signed to Soyokaze. Maki has appeared in several films including the 2004 film Infection and the 2004 American horror film The Grudge.
Clancy of the Overflow
"Clancy of the Overflow" is a famous Australian poem written by Banjo Paterson and first published in The Bulletin, an Australian news magazine, on 21 December 1889. The poem is typical of Paterson, offering a romantic view of rural life, and is one of his best-known works.

The poem is written in eight stanzas of four lines, lines one and three in a two-feet anapaest with a feminine internal rhyme, and lines two and four in trochaic octameter with masculine rhymes: AA–B–CC–B.

Bulletin Debate
The "Bulletin Debate" was a well-publicised dispute in The Bulletin magazine between two of Australia's best known writers and poets, Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson. The debate took place via a series of poems about the merits of living in the Australian "bush", published from 1892 to 1893.
No.1 Middle School Affiliated to Central China Normal University
No.1 Middle School Affiliated to Central China Normal University (华中师范大学第一附属中学) is a middle school affiliated to the Central China Normal University located at Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Its motto is "Good Conduct, Clever, Graceful, Diligent and Quick to Act" (Chinese: 厚德 博雅 笃学 敏行; lit. 'Thick Moral values', 'Intelligent and Graceful', 'Diligent Learning', 'Rapidly Act')

Central China Normal University
Central China Normal University (CCNU) is a public normal university located in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education, and co-funded by the Hubei Provincial People's Government. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.

The campus of over 330 acres is on Guizi Hill, bordering South Lake.
Glass flute
A glass flute or crystal flute is a glass instrument briefly popular in the early 19th century. They are an unusual variety of the Western concert flute designed to preserve pitch and tone during temperature change better than the wood and ivory flutes available at the time of their manufacture. Most were made by Claude Laurent, a French craftsman and clockmaker who patented the leaded crystal glass flute in 1806. They became obsolete after metal flutes were produced. Other than sounding more consistent at differing temperatures, glass flutes are similar in tone to contemporary wooden and ivory flutes.

Laurent's glass flutes were manufactured in Paris in the early 19th century.  About 185 of Laurent's instruments are known to have survived, with the United States Library of Congress holding 17 of these. Two are kept at Museu de la música in Spain.

Pitch (music)
Pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies. Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale. 
Pitch is a major auditory attribute of musical tones, along with duration, loudness, and timbre.

Pitch may be quantified as a frequency, but pitch is not a purely objective physical property; it is a subjective psychoacoustical attribute of sound. Historically, the study of pitch and pitch perception has been a central problem in psychoacoustics, and has been instrumental in forming and testing theories of sound representation, processing, and perception in the auditory system.
Espalion
Espalion (French pronunciation: [ɛspaljɔ̃]; Occitan: Espaliu) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

The architectural heritage of the commune includes seven buildings protected as historical monuments (France): the chapel of Perse, classified in 1862, the Old Bridge, classified in 1888, the courthouse, classified in 1911, the castle of Masse, registered in 1928, the Flaujac enclosure, registered in 1950, the former church of Saint John the Baptist, registered in 1979, and the castle of Calmont d'Olt and the chapel of Calmont d'Olt, classified in 1992.

Aveyron
Aveyron (French: [avɛʁɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Avairon [aβajˈɾu]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French. The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of 8,735 square kilometres (3,373 sq mi) and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 people/km2 (83 people/mi2).
Apnalaya
Apnalaya, "our space" in English, is a non-profit organization, founded in 1973 by Tom Holland, who was then the Australian Consul General in Bombay. At that time it was called Holland Welfare Centre, which was a day care centre for labourers' children in Nariman Point, the place where National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA) stands today.

Apnalaya has been awarded the Guidestar India Gold as one of the most transparent NGO in 2016.  Sachin Tendulkar's voice has been a big support to Apnalaya.

Candid (organization)
Candid is an information service specializing in reporting on U.S. nonprofit companies. In 2016, its database provided information on 2.5 million organizations. It is the product of the February 2019 merger of GuideStar with Foundation Center.

The organization maintains comprehensive databases on grantmakers and their grants; issues a wide variety of print, electronic, and online information resources; conducts and publishes research on trends in foundation growth, giving, and practice; and offers education and training programs.
The Lost Paradise (1985 film)
The Lost Paradise (Spanish: Los paraísos perdidos) is a 1985 Spanish film directed by Basilio Martín Patino. It stars Charo López alongside Alfredo Landa, Juan Diego, Miguel Narros, Ana Torrent and Paco Rabal.

Ana Torrent
Ana Torrent Bertrán de Lis (born 12 July 1966) is a Spanish film actress. She featured as a child actress in pictures such as The Spirit of the Beehive (1973), and Cría cuervos (1976), Elisa, vida mía (1977) and The Nest (1980). Her performance in Thesis (1996) earned her a nomination to the Goya Award for Best Actress.
Grant Smith & The Power
Grant Smith & The Power were a popular Canadian (from Toronto) rock-soul outfit from the 1960s that had a hit with a cover of Jackie Edwards' "Keep On Running" (previously a big hit for The Spencer Davis Group) and was also a training ground for musicians who went on to the likes of McKenna Mendelson Mainline and Motherlode.

The Spencer Davis Group
The Spencer Davis Group were a British blues and R&B influenced rock band formed in Birmingham in 1963 by Spencer Davis (guitar), brothers Steve Winwood (vocals, keyboards, and guitar) and Muff Winwood (bass guitar), and Pete York (drums). Their best known songs include the UK No. 1 hits "Keep On Running" and "Somebody Help Me" and the UK and US Top 10 hits "Gimme Some Lovin'" and "I'm a Man".

The Winwood brothers both left in 1967, with Steve going on to form the rock band Traffic, and Muff moving into music A&R and production. After releasing a few more singles and two more albums, the band split in 1969. Davis and York revived the group in 1973–1974, resulting in a further two albums. In 2006, the group was revived again, with Davis as the only original member, this time primarily as a touring act. Davis died on 19 October 2020, effectively ending the band.
155th (Quinte) Battalion, CEF
The 155th (Quinte) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Barriefield, Ontario, the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in Hastings and Prince Edward Counties.  After sailing to England in October 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 154th Battalion, CEF and 6th Reserve Battalion on December 8, 1916.  The 155th (Quinte) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. M. K. Adams.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Lê Phước Thọ
Lê Phước Thọ (25 December 1927 – 6 July 2023), commonly known as Sáu Hậu, was a Vietnamese politician. He was a member of the seventh electoral term of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam, a member of the Secretariat for the sixth and seventh electoral term, a member of the Central Committee from the fifth to seventh electoral term. Moreover, he was an alternate of the Central Committee's fourth term. He served as the head of the Central Committee of Agriculture, the head of the Organisation Department, and secretary of Hậu Giang Provincial Party Committee.

Lê Phước joined the Communist Party of Vietnam, then known as the Indochinese Communist Party, in 1949. During his party and state activities, he was awarded the badges of 30, 40 and 45 years of party life. After retiring, he was awarded a 50-year party senior badge.

Lê Phước Thọ died in Cần Thơ at his home on 6 July 2023, at the age of 95.

Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam), commonly the Party Central Committee (PCC; Vietnamese: Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng - BCHTW Đảng or BCHTƯ Đảng), is the highest organ between two national congresses and the organ of authority of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the sole ruling party in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Over a Barrel
"Over a Barrel" is the twenty-first episode of the first season of the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic. It originally aired on The Hub on March 25, 2011. The episode was written by Dave Polsky. In this episode, Applejack and her friends travel to the frontier town of Appleloosa to deliver an apple tree, where they become involved in a conflict between the town's pony settlers and a local buffalo tribe over land use rights.

Dave Polsky
David Polsky is an American film and television screenwriter who created The Buzz on Maggie and co-wrote Scary Movie 2. He has also written episodes for My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic and Hanazuki: Full of Treasures, among other animated television series.
Faisal Zaman
Raja Faisal Zaman (Urdu: راجہ فیصل زمان) is a Pakistani politician hailing from Haripur District, who had been a member of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly from August 2018 till January 2023 when he fled the country after escaping from jail. He also served as the chairman and a member of different committees.

Haripur District
Haripur District (Hindko, Urdu: ضلع ہری پور) is a district in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Before obtaining the status of a district in 1991, Haripur was a tehsil of Abbottabad District Its headquarters are the city of Haripur. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Haripur District is 1,173,056 (1.1 million).
Bystročice
Bystročice is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

Bystročice lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Olomouc and 209 km (130 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Malo Tuitama
Malo Tuitama (Japanese: マロ・ツイタマ; born 23 March 1996) is a professional rugby union player currently playing with the Shizuoka Blue Revs in the Japan Rugby League One (JRLO) and the Japan national team. His main playing position is left wing, however he has been deployed as a centre and a fullback. Born in Samoa, Tuitama represents Japan at senior international level and represented New Zealand at youth international level.

2021 Top League
The 2021 Top League was the 18th season of Japan's top tier domestic rugby union competition. The original schedule was for a three stage competition that included all 16 Top League teams plus the top four sides from the Top Challenge League, in preparation for the three-tier professional league planned for 2022. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan the season was postponed and re-formatted.

Under the revised format, the two leagues were played separately. The Top League sides were split into two conferences of eight teams for the first stage, followed by a 16-team knockout stage to decide the champion team.
Roseland-State Ballroom
Roseland-State Ballroom was once a swing-era ballroom in Boston, MA. Jazz musicians including Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmy Lunceford, Artie Shaw & Billie Holiday, Cab Calloway, Charlie Barnet and Sam Donahue played there in the 1930s and 1940s. Artie Shaw's band (including Billie Holiday) built their reputation playing Tuesdays and Saturday nights there in 1938.

Sam Donahue
Samuel Koontz Donahue (March 18, 1918 – March 22, 1974) was an American jazz saxophonist, trumpeter, and musical arranger. He performed with Gene Krupa, Tommy Dorsey, Benny Goodman, Billy May, Woody Herman, and Stan Kenton.
Timm Thaler (1979 TV series)
Timm Thaler (also known as The Legend of Tim Tyler: The Boy Who Lost His Laugh) is a 1979 children's television miniseries based on the 1962 children's novel by German writer James Krüss. The series originally aired in Germany as the first Christmas series on German national broadcaster ZDF.  In 1983, the series was acquired for transmission in the United Kingdom by the BBC. The English version was produced by Angela Beeching, with script by Nel Romano, and retitled The Legend of Tim Tyler. It aired during Children's BBC in the weekday afternoons. The screenplay was written by Justus Pfaue and Peter M. Thouet and differs somewhat from the original novel.  Directed by Sigi Rothemund, the series became a hit in Germany and made then 14-year-old Thomas Ohrner, in the lead role of Timm Thaler (Tim Tyler), a popular teen idol of the era. The role of the Baron was played by Horst Frank.

Sigi Rothemund
Siegfried Rothemund (14 March 1944 – 13 January 2024) was a German film director. He directed more than ninety films since 1964. He is the father of Marc Rothemund who is also a film director. Rothemund was married to the actress Margit Geissler whom he had a daughter with, Dany Babette Rothemund. Sigi Rothemund died on 13 January 2024, at the age of 79.