hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bagotville (tugboat)
Bagotville is a tugboat built in Les Méchins, Quebec in 1964.

The Bagotville was one of the tugs that helped install the pipes for Toronto's deep lake water cooling project. She was also one of the tugs that attempted to free the lake freighter George M. Carl, when ship ran aground off the Humber River, in October 1975.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Adrian Hădean
Adrian Hădean (born 4 September 1977, Arad) is a Romanian chef. He grew up in Baia Mare, a city in northern Romania, where he also made his debut as a professional cook. Today, he is a well-renowned Romanian chef, gastronomer, food  blogger, writer, and public personality. He is particularly famous for his culinary blog, one of the most visited in Romania, as well as for his participation as a member of the jury in the cooking show MasterChef, which debuted in 2014 on one of the Romanian TV stations.

Adrian Hădean's culinary experience began in 1998 when he entered the realm of professional cuisine.

He hosted a series of TV shows, published books or contributed to publishing them, adding his knowledge to culinary terminology. He has become famous via the numerous projects he participated in over time.

Cook (profession)
A cook is a professional individual who prepares items for consumption in the food industry, especially in settings such as restaurants. A cook is sometimes referred to as a chef, although in the culinary world, the terms are not interchangeable. Cooks' responsibilities include preparing food, managing food stations, cleaning the kitchen, and helping the chefs. Restaurants will give a title to the cooks according to their designated stations. Examples are broiler cooks, fry cooks, pantry cooks, and sauce cooks.
Nick (Skins series 5)
"Nick" is the fifth episode of fifth series of the British teen drama Skins, which first aired on 24 February 2011 on E4. It focuses on Nick (Sean Teale) as he deals with the return of his brother, Matty (Sebastian De Souza) into his life.

Sebastian de Souza
Sebastian Denis de Souza (born 19 April 1993) is an English actor. He is best known for playing Matty Levan in the E4 teen drama series Skins. He has since starred in the period television series The Borgias from 2012 to 2013, Medici: Masters of Florence (2018), and The Great (2020).
Gija Jumulu
Gija Jumulu is a boab tree (Adansonia gregorii) which was transported 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) from Telegraph Creek, near Warmun in the Kimberley region of Western Australia to Kings Park in Perth. This was the longest land journey of a similar sized tree in history.

The tree was removed to make way for the construction of a road bridge on Great Northern Highway and was replanted at the Two Rivers Lookout, at the end of Forrest Carpark in Kings Park on 20 July 2008.

The 36-tonne (79-thousand-pound) tree is estimated to be 750 years old and is named from the local indigenous people near Warmun, the Gija, and their word for boab trees, Jumulu.  Boabs are believed to live up to 2,000 years.

The tree received some superficial damage on its southern side trunk during its journey south which resulted in some bark becoming rotten. Arborists at Kings Park removed the damaged material and expected the wounds to eventually disappear. In 2016 the tree was assessed as healthy.

Gija people
Gija, also spelt Gidja and Kija, alternatively known as the Lungga, refers to Aboriginal Australians from the East Kimberley area of Western Australia, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Kununurra. In the late 19th century pastoralists were fiercely resisted by Gija people, many of whom now live around localities such as Halls Creek and Warmun (also known as Turkey Creek).
Napanee Comets
The Napanee Comets were an ice hockey franchise based in the Eastern Ontario town of  Napanee, Ontario, located in Lennox and Addington County, approximately 40 kilometres west of Kingston, Ontario, Canada. The Comets played in a number of OHA leagues in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s.  Their home games were played in the Napanee & District Community Arena, 170 York St, Napanee.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Aydın Aybay
Aydın Aybay (1929 – 6 March 2013) was a Turkish professor of law, writer and lawyer. He was one of the founders of the Istanbul University Faculty of Political Sciences, the Maltepe University Faculty of Law and the Cumhuriyet Foundation.

Maltepe University
Maltepe University (Turkish: Maltepe Üniversitesi) is a private university located in Maltepe district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was established on July 9, 1997 by "Istanbul Marmara Education Foundation" (İMEV).  The institution has a broad scope of education starting from the elementary level to university.
1876 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 13 June 1876. In the elections for the Chamber of Representatives the result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 67 of the 124 seats. Voter turnout was 67.5%, although only 63,278 people were eligible to vote.

Under the alternating system, elections were only held in five out of the nine provinces: Antwerp, Brabant, Luxembourg, Namur and West Flanders.

Additionally, special elections were held:

Simultaneously with the partial general elections to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Liège

On 7 August 1876 to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Leuven following the death of Edouard Wouters on 13 July 1876

On 7 September 1876 to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Virton replacing Albert de Briey

Catholic Party (Belgium)
The Catholic Party (French: Parti catholique, pronounced [paʁti katɔlik]; Dutch: Katholieke Partij, pronounced [kɑtoːˈlikə pɑrˈtɛi]) was a Belgian political party established in 1869 as the Confessional Catholic Party (Dutch: Confessionele Katholieke Partij). In 1921, the party became the Catholic Union, and from 1936 the Catholic Block.
Lamentation of Christ (Bouts)
Lamentation of Christ is an Early Netherlandish panel painting made 1455–1460  by Flemish painter Dieric Bouts of the Lamentation of Christ. the picture was bequeathed to the Louvre Museum by Constant Mongé-Misbach in 1871, at which time it was misattributed to Rogier van der Weyden. It remains in that museum's collection as RF 1.

Dieric Bouts
Dieric Bouts (born c. 1415 – 6 May 1475) was an Early Netherlandish painter. Bouts may have studied under Rogier van der Weyden, and his work was influenced by van der Weyden and Jan van Eyck. He worked in Leuven from 1457 (or possibly earlier) until his death in 1475. His name also appears at various museums and institutions as Dirk Bouts.

Bouts was among the first northern painters to demonstrate the use of a single vanishing point (as illustrated in his Last Supper).
10th Tactical Squadron
10th Tactical Squadron (known as 10.ELT - 10 Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego in Poland) is a fighter squadron of Polish Air Force established in 2008 in Łask, Poland. The squadron is stationed at 32nd Air Base and since 1 October 2008 operates the F-16 C/D Block 52+ Adv.

In March 2012 the squadron deployed to Israeli Air Force base Ovda for a two-week-long joint exercise with Israel's 115, 117 and 106 squadrons.

Ovda Airport
Ovda Airport was the former civilian part of the Ovda Israeli Air Force Base in the Uvda region of southern Israel, about 40 km (25 mi) north of Eilat. It was the country's second international airport. Ovda was originally built and opened as a military airbase in 1981 and was joint-used as a civilian airport a year later but ceased handling civilian flights on 31 March 2019 thanks to the opening of Ramon Airport, which is located much closer to the city of Eilat than Ovda.
East Branch Saco River
The East Branch of the Saco River is a 13.2-mile-long (21.2 km) river in the White Mountains of New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Saco River, which flows to the Atlantic Ocean in Maine.

The East Branch rises near the northern boundary of Jackson, New Hampshire, in an area just south of the Wild River, east of Black Mountain Ski Area, and southwest of the Baldface mountains. The river flows south through the White Mountain National Forest in an area that is devoted more to logging than other portions of the forest. Leaving the forest, the river enters the town of Bartlett, reaching the Saco River at Lower Bartlett village, just downstream of the Ellis River confluence with the Saco.

Jackson, New Hampshire
Jackson is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,028 at the 2020 census, up from 816 in 2010. Jackson is a resort area in the White Mountains. Parts of the White Mountain National Forest are in the west, north and east.
Diary of H.M. the Shah of Persia During His Tour Through Europe in A.D. 1873
The Diary of H.M. the Shah of Persia During His Tour Through Europe in A.D. 1873 was written by Naser al-Din Shah (1831–1896) while on his tour through the European continent in 1873, during the zenith of European imperialism. The book was translated into English by James Redhouse in 1874. It is the first of three diaries written by Naser al-Din Shah, who was King of Persia from 1848 until 1896, corresponding to his three tours through Europe respectively in 1873, 1878 and 1889. In the 1873 diary, Naser al-Din Shah relates his travel departing from Tehran and he describes his travel through the countries of Russia, Prussia, Germany, Belgium, England, France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Turkey and Georgia.

Bandar-e Anzali
Bandar-e Anzali (Persian: بندرانزلی; Gilaki: اٚنزٚلي) is a city on the Caspian Sea in the Central District of Bandar-e Anzali County in Gilan province, Iran, serving as the capital of both the county and the district.
Michael James Whitty
Michael James Whitty (born 1795, Nicharee, 
Duncormick, County Wexford – died 10 June 1873, Princes Park, Liverpool) was an Irish-born English newspaper editor and proprietor.

The son of a farmer, maltster and shipowner in the port of Wexford, his
first love was journalism. He was educated at St Peter's College, Wexford. In 1821, he married Mary O'Neill in Dublin. They soon moved to London, and, eventually, to Liverpool. After serving eleven years as Chief Constable for Liverpool, he retired on 22 January 1847. He campaigned for the abolition of the Stamp Act under which newspapers were taxed. After the abolition took place, Whitty began publishing the Daily Post at one penny per copy, undercutting the incumbent best-selling Liverpudlian newspaper, the Liverpool Mercury.

Whitty died in 1873 and is buried in Anfield Cemetery. Journalist Edward Michael Whitty was his son. Actress Dame May Whitty was his granddaughter, by another son, William Alfred Whitty.

Stamp act
A stamp act is any legislation that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. Those who pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents, making them legal documents. A variety of products have been covered by stamp acts including playing cards, dice, patent medicines, cheques, mortgages, contracts, marriage licenses and newspapers. The items may have to be physically stamped at approved government offices following payment of the duty, although methods involving annual payment of a fixed sum or purchase of adhesive stamps are more practical and common.

This system of taxation was first devised in the Netherlands in 1624 after a public competition to find a new form of tax. Stamp acts have been enforced in many countries, including Australia, Canada, People's Republic of China, Ireland, India, Malaysia, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.

The taxes raised under a stamp act are called stamp duty.
Pokhari Chauri
Pokhari Chauri is a village development committee in Kavrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,879 in 609 individual households. It lies in the border of Ramechhap and kavrepalanchowk district. It is about 80 km away from the capital of Nepal, Kathmandu

Bagmati Zone
Bagmati Zone (Nepali: बागमती अञ्चलListenⓘ Bāgmatī Añcal) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restoration of zones to Provinces. Its headquarters are Kathmandu. It was named after the Bagmati River. It was in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The districts are now all part of Bagmati Province. The zone contains the Kathmandu Valley with its conurbation of 4.5 million inhabitants.
Richard Guarasci
Richard Guarasci (born January 14, 1946) was the 18th president of Wagner College in Staten Island, New York. He took office on June 1, 2002 and, as of July 1, 2016, was the college's longest-serving president. He held the rank of professor of political science and taught in the areas of democracy, citizenship and American diversity. Following Guarasci's retirement on June 30, 2019, he became Wagner College's third president emeritus.

Guarasci was appointed Wagner College's provost and vice president for academic affairs in February 1997. Before coming to Wagner, he was dean of Hobart College, part of Hobart and William Smith Colleges, in Geneva, New York and, earlier, a dean and faculty member at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York.

St. Lawrence University
St. Lawrence University (SLU) is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States. It has roughly 2,100 undergraduate and 100 graduate students.

Though St. Lawrence today is nonsectarian, it was founded in 1856 by leaders of the Universalist Church, who were seeking to establish a seminary west of New England and were enthusiastically courted by the citizens of Canton. The church almost did not place the school in Canton, however, as they felt students might be exposed to too much "excitement" within the village limits in 1856. The denomination, which has since merged with the Unitarian faith, was part of the liberal wing of Protestantism, championing such ideas as critical thinking and sex equality — attributes that surfaced in the new Theological School of St. Lawrence University, which was progressive in its teaching philosophy and coeducational from the beginning.
Space Weather
Space Weather is an academic journal about space weather published by the American Geophysical Union. Its editor-in-chief is Noé Lugaz. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.456.

Space weather
Space weather is a branch of space physics and aeronomy, or heliophysics, concerned with the varying conditions within the Solar System and its heliosphere. This includes the effects of the solar wind, especially on the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Though physically distinct, space weather is analogous to the terrestrial weather of Earth's atmosphere (troposphere and stratosphere). The term "space weather" was first used in the 1950s and popularized in the 1990s. Later, it prompted research into "space climate", the large-scale and long-term patterns of space weather.
Prince Arran
Prince Arran or Arhan was a semi-legendary founder of Caucasian Albania. The early Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi tells of a certain Aran, a descendant of the legendary Armenian patriarch Hayk through Sisak. According to Movses Kagankatvatsi he was 9th generation descendant of Japheth. He is regarded as progenitor of Aranshahik dynasty. According to a legendary tradition reported by Khorenatsi, Arran was a descendant of Sisak, the ancestor of neighboring Armenian province Syunik. Almost no information exists about him and his successors except names. He was contemporary of Abraham according to Movses Kagankatvatsi which seems to be a legend.

Syunik (historical province)
Syunik (Old Armenian: Սիւնիք, romanized: Siwnik') was a region of historical Armenia and the ninth province (nahang) of the Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until 428 AD. From the 7th to 9th centuries, it fell under Arab control. In 821, it formed two Armenian principalities: Kingdom of Syunik and principality of Khachen, which around the year 1000 was proclaimed the Kingdom of Artsakh, becoming one of the last medieval eastern Armenian kingdoms and principalities to maintain its autonomy following the Turkic invasions of the 11th to 14th centuries.
Indian Summer (Poco album)
Indian Summer is the tenth studio album by the American country rock band Poco, released on May 1, 1977.  The appearance of Steely Dan's Donald Fagen playing synthesizer on two of the tracks marked another move away from the country rock sound the band had primarily been known for. This was the band's last studio album before both Timothy B. Schmit and George Grantham left the group.

Gretsch White Falcon
The Gretsch White Falcon is an electric hollow-body guitar introduced in 1954 by Gretsch.

This guitar was created as a "showpiece" to exhibit the craft of Gretsch's luthiers, sales, and demonstration representative, Jimmie Webster, who created it for the 1954 NAMM Convention. The guitar was so popular that it was put into production and went on sale the following year. Since then, it has undergone various changes and is still being made today. As of 2013, Gretsch offers a number of guitars in its "Falcon" series, including a custom-built replica of the original, which is priced in the US at $12,000 (approximately £8300).

The White Falcon's distinctive appearance is owed to its 17-inch width (white, with gold-sparkle pickguard featuring an engraved falcon) and its hardware: Jimmie Webster's 1954 version had triple binding, gold-plated hardware, an ebony fretboard with mother-of-pearl inlays, and an eye-catching "Cadillac G" tailpiece.
1997–98 Lithuanian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Lithuania in December 1997 and January 1998. Artūras Paulauskas finished first in the first round on 21 December 1997 with a significant margin, with Valdas Adamkus finishing second, but neither received a majority of the vote. Adamkus defeated Paulauskas in the runoff, held on 4 January 1998. With a vote difference of 0.74%, it is the closest result in the history of presidential elections in Lithuania since 1993.

Artūras Paulauskas
Artūras Paulauskas (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ɐrˈtuːrɐs pɐʊˈɫɐ̂ˑʊskɐs]; born 23 August 1953) is a Lithuanian politician who was Speaker of Seimas, the parliament of Lithuania, from 2000 to 2006. He served as acting President of Lithuania from 6 April to 12 July 2004.
Reed Elsevier, Inc. v. Muchnick
Reed Elsevier, Inc. v. Muchnick, 559 U.S. 154 (2010), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States involving copyright law. The Court held that failure to register a copyright under Section 411 (a) of the United States Copyright Act does not limit a Federal Court's jurisdiction over claims of infringement regarding unregistered works.

Settlement (litigation)
In law, a settlement is a resolution between disputing parties about a legal case, reached either before or after court action begins. A collective settlement is a settlement of multiple similar legal cases. The term also has other meanings in the context of law. Structured settlements provide for future periodic payments, instead of a one-time cash payment.
Bouadikro
Bouadikro is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is two kilometres north of Abengourou, in the sub-prefecture of Abengourou, Abengourou Department, Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District.

Bouadikro was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Abengourou Department
Abengourou Department is a department of Indénié-Djuablin Region in Comoé District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 430,539 and its seat is the settlement of Abengourou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Abengourou, Amélékia, Aniassué, Ebilassokro,  Niablé, Yakassé-Féyassé, and Zaranou.
St. Agnes Cathedral (Kyoto)
St. Agnes Cathedral is a Christian church located in Kyoto, Japan, and is the diocesan cathedral of the Diocese of Kyoto, which comprises all the Anglican-Episcopal churches and other facilities in Fukui, Ishikawa, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Shiga, and Toyama, and Wakayama Prefectures.

Wakayama Prefecture
Wakayama Prefecture (和歌山県, Wakayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [wa.kaꜜ.ja.ma, wa.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu.: 1026  Wakayama Prefecture has a population of 876,030 (as of 1 February 2025) and a geographic area of 4,724 square kilometres (1,824 sq mi). Wakayama Prefecture borders Osaka Prefecture to the north, and Mie Prefecture and Nara Prefecture to the northeast.

Wakayama is the capital and largest city of Wakayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Tanabe, Hashimoto, and Kinokawa.: 1025  Wakayama Prefecture is located on the southwestern coast of the Kii Peninsula on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Tokushima Prefecture on the island of Shikoku.
Assier station
Assier is a railway station in Assier, Occitanie, France. The station is on the Brive-Toulouse (via Capdenac) railway line. The station is served by Intercités de nuit (night train) and TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.