hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malva multiflora
Malva multiflora (previously known as Lavatera cretica) is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common names Cornish mallow and Cretan hollyhock. It is native to western Europe, North Africa, and the Mediterranean Basin, and it is naturalized in areas with a Mediterranean climate, such as parts of Australia, South Africa, and California. This is an annual or biennial herb growing a tough, somewhat hairy stem to a maximum height between 1 and 3 meters. The leaves are multilobed with flat or wavy edges, slightly hairy, and up to 10 centimeters long. The plant bears small pink or light purple flowers with petals just over a centimeter long. The fruit is disc-shaped with 7 to 10 segments.

Leaf laminas of Malva multiflora can track solar position throughout the day and turn to face the sunrise, behavior that anticipates the future, despite lacking a central nervous system.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Brass razoo
Brass razoo is an Australian phrase that was first recorded in soldiers' slang in World War I.  It is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "a non-existent coin of trivial value".  It is commonly used in the expression I haven't got a brass razoo, meaning the speaker is out of money.

Whilst mock coins of 1 Razoo are occasionally produced, no actual monetary unit has ever been so named. Some speculate that the term arises from Egyptian or Indian currency.

Etymologists and lexicographers have disputed and considered theories of the origins of the phrase, but most find no theory satisfactory.

Military slang
Military slang is an array of colloquial terminology used commonly by military personnel, including slang which is unique to or originates with the armed forces. In English-speaking countries, it often takes the form of abbreviations/acronyms or derivations of the NATO Phonetic Alphabet, or otherwise incorporates aspects of formal military terms and concepts. Military slang is often used to reinforce or reflect (usually friendly and humorous) interservice rivalries.
Kutztown, Pennsylvania
Kutztown (Pennsylvania German: Kutzeschteddel) is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Allentown and 17 miles (27 km) northeast of Reading. As of the 2020 census, the borough had a population of 4,162. Kutztown University of Pennsylvania is located just outside the borough limits to the southwest.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Charles de Kerchove de Denterghem
Count Charles de Kerchove de Denterghem (1819–1882) was a Belgian engineer and liberal politician. He was a son of the Ghent burgomaster Constant de Kerchove de Denterghem. His son Oswald would become Provincial Governor of Hainaut.

Charles de Kerchove de Denterghem was burgomaster of Ghent (1857–1881), provincial Council member for East Flanders and senator for the liberal party. Under his rule the municipal public education in Ghent would be significantly expanded. A street in Ghent is named after him, the Charles de Kerchove Lane. He was succeeded as burgomaster of Ghent, by his son-in-law Hippolyte Lippens. In 1875, he became President of the Maatschappij voor Hofbouw- en Kruidtuinkunde and a strong supporter of the Gentse Floraliën, which would become an international fair on botany.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Rikuu West Line
The Rikuu West Line (陸羽西線, Rikuu-sai-sen) is a railway line in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Shinjō Station to Amarume Station, and trains continue on to Sakata Station, even though it is not officially a part of the Rikuu West Line.

Its name refers to the ancient provinces of Mutsu (陸奥) and Dewa (出羽) (or alternatively, the Meiji-era provinces of Rikuzen (陸前) and Uzen (羽前)), although strictly speaking, only the Rikuu East Line connects both areas.

Rikuzen Province
Rikuzen Province (陸前国, Rikuzen no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɾi.kɯꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) is an old province of Japan in the area of Miyagi Prefecture (excluding Igu, Katta and Watari Districts) and parts of Iwate Prefecture (specifically Kesen District). It was sometimes called Rikushū (陸州), with Rikuchū and Mutsu Provinces.
2005 NAWIRA Women's Sevens
The 2005 NAWIRA Women's Sevens was the inaugural tournament of the NAWIRA Women's Sevens and was held on 19 and 20 November 2005 in Barbados. The competition was played as a round-robin with seven teams competing, the United States went undefeated to win the tournament. There was also an exhibition match played between USA and a combined West Indies team.

United States women's national rugby sevens team
The United States women's national rugby sevens team competes in international rugby sevens competitions. The team finished second at the 2015 USA Women's Sevens, after defeating Russia in the semifinals. They have competed at three Summer Olympics, and won a bronze medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Pastor Heydra
Pastor Antonio Heydra Rojas (4 July 1948 – 2 February 2021) was a Venezuelan journalist, columnist and politician. He served as the Minister of Information during the administration of former Venezuelan President Carlos Andrés Pérez. Heydra was also a member of both the now-defunct Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies and its successor, the National Assembly. Professionally, was a longtime columnist and journalist for the Costa de Sol FM 93.1 radio station.

Information minister
An information minister (also called minister of information) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with information matters; it is often linked with censorship and propaganda. Sometimes the position is given to a separate Minister of Culture.
Dorian Gray (Bourne)
Matthew Bourne's Dorian Gray is a contemporary dance adaptation of Oscar Wilde's 1890 novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, by choreographer Matthew Bourne. The show made its debut in August 2008 at the Edinburgh International Festival and transferred to Sadler's Wells Theatre in London in September 2008. The music was composed by Terry Davies for a rock quintet directed from the keyboard. The set and costumes were designed by Lez Brotherston.

Edinburgh International Festival
The Edinburgh International Festival is an annual arts festival in Edinburgh, Scotland, spread over the final three weeks in August. Notable figures from the international world of music (especially classical music) and the performing arts are invited to join the festival. Visual art exhibitions, talks and workshops are also hosted.

The first 'International Festival of Music and Drama' took place between 22 August and 11 September 1947. Under the first festival director, the distinguished Austrian-born impresario Rudolf Bing, it had a broadly-based programme, covering orchestral, choral and chamber music, Lieder and song, opera, ballet, drama, film, and Scottish 'piping and dancing' on the Esplanade of Edinburgh Castle, a structure that was followed in subsequent years.

The Festival has taken place every year since 1947, except for 2020 when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A scaled-back version of the festival was held in 2021.
Malin Birgerson
Malin Susanna Margareta Birgerson (born 28 January 1968 in Täby, Stockholm County, Sweden) is a Swedish actress.

Birgerson studied from 1992–95 at the NAMA in Malmö. After that she acted in different Swedish theatres including the Stockholm City Theatre in 1997. Birgerson became popular as the police inspector Alice Levander in Season 2 of the Beck-films. Since February 2007, she has worked in the Swedish Theatre Federation. Birgerson is married to journalist Sven Irving from TV4.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
Sony Xperia XZs
The Sony Xperia XZs is an Android smartphone manufactured and marketed by Sony. Part of the Xperia X series, the device was announced to the public along with the Xperia XZ Premium at the annual Mobile World Congress last February 2017.

The device's highlight feature is its capability of capturing slow-motion videos at 960 frames per second, a world's first in a compact smartphone.

MWC Barcelona
MWC Barcelona, formerly known as the Mobile World Congress, is an annual trade show intended for the mobile communications industry. It is held every February or early March at Fira de Barcelona in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.

The event is attended primarily by device manufacturers, network equipment providers, representatives of wireless carriers, and the press, among others. Its annual attendance is generally around 100,000 people, while mobile phone manufacturers often use the conference to unveil upcoming devices.

The event is organised by the GSM Association (GSMA). GSMA has extended the MWC brand to four other trade shows in Shanghai, China (MWC Shanghai), Kigali, Rwanda (MWC Kigali, formerly MWC Africa)  Las Vegas, United States (MWC Las Vegas, formerly MWC Los Angeles), and Doha, Qatar (MWC Doha) but the brand remains most synonymous with the Barcelona event.
HMS Boyne
Six ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Boyne after the Battle of the Boyne, 1690.

HMS Boyne (1692) was an 80-gun second rate. This ship of the line was launched in 1692, rebuilt in 1739 and broken up in 1763. When under the command of Captain Dursley she helped take Gibraltar in 1704.

HMS Boyne (1766) was a 70-gun third rate launched in 1766 and broken up in 1783.

HMS Boyne (1790) was a 98-gun second rate launched in 1790. She was the flagship of Vice Admiral John Jervis in 1794. She caught fire and burnt at Spithead on 1 May 1795.

HMS Boyne (1810) was a 98-gun second rate launched in 1810 and commanded first by Thomas Hastings and later Henry Chads. She was renamed HMS Excellent in 1834 and Queen Charlotte in 1859. Her career ended in 1861.

HMS Boyne (1904) was a River-class destroyer launched in 1904 and broken up in 1919

HMS Boyne (1918) was a Mersey-class trawler launched in 1918 and sold in 1946.

HMS Boyne (1904)
HMS Boyne was a Hawthorn Leslie type River-class destroyer ordered by the Royal Navy under the 1903 – 1904 Naval Estimates. Named after the River Boyne in Ireland, the site of the Battle of the Boyne. She was the fifth ship to carry this name since it was introduced in 1692 for a two deck ship-of-the-line.
Gearman
Gearman is an open-source application framework designed to distribute appropriate computer tasks to multiple computers, so large tasks can be done more quickly. In some cases, load balancing rather than raw speed may be the main goal; a Web server, for instance, could use Gearman to send tasks for which it is not optimized to another computer (which may be running on a different architecture, using another operating system, or loaded with a computer language better suited to a particular operation).

It was originally written in Perl by Brad Fitzpatrick. Brian Aker and Eric Day rewrote the framework in C.

Load balancing (computing)
In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units) with the aim of making their overall processing more efficient. Load balancing can optimize response time and avoid unevenly overloading some compute nodes while other compute nodes are left idle.

Load balancing is the subject of research in the field of parallel computers. Two main approaches exist: static algorithms, which do not take into account the state of the different machines, and dynamic algorithms, which are usually more general and more efficient but require exchanges of information between the different computing units, at the risk of a loss of efficiency.
House of Danger (film)
House of Danger is a 1934 American mystery thriller film directed by Charles Hutchison and starring Onslow Stevens, Janet Chandler and James Bush. It was produced by the Poverty Row outfit Peerless Pictures.

Poverty Row
Poverty Row is a slang term for small Hollywood studios that produced B movies from the 1920s to the 1950s, typically with much smaller budgets and lower production values than those of the major studios. Although many of these studios were based in the vicinity of Gower Street in Hollywood, the term does not necessarily relate to any specific physical location.

Many of the films produced by Poverty Row studios were those of series in the Western, comedy, adventure and crime genres.
Friedrich Eisenbrand
Friedrich Eisenbrand (born 3 July 1971 in Quierschied, Saarland) is a German mathematician and computer scientist.  He is a professor at EPFL Lausanne working in discrete mathematics, linear programming, combinatorial optimization and algorithmic geometry of numbers.

Eisenbrand received his PhD at Saarland University in 2000. He gave a talk at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Seoul in 2014.

Prior to joining EPFL in March 2008, Friedrich Eisenbrand was at the University of Paderborn. He received the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize of the German Research Foundation in 2004 and the Otto Hahn Medal of the Max Planck Society in 2001.  Eisenbrand was awarded Alexander von Humboldt Professorship in 2012.

Combinatorial optimization
Combinatorial optimization is a subfield of mathematical optimization  that consists of finding an optimal object from a finite set of objects, where the set of feasible solutions is discrete or can be reduced to a discrete set. Typical combinatorial optimization problems are the travelling salesman problem ("TSP"), the minimum spanning tree problem ("MST"), and the knapsack problem. In many such problems, such as the ones previously mentioned, exhaustive search is not tractable, and so specialized algorithms that quickly rule out large parts of the search space or approximation algorithms must be resorted to instead.

Combinatorial optimization is related to operations research, algorithm theory, and computational complexity theory. It has important applications in several fields, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, auction theory, software engineering, VLSI, applied mathematics and theoretical computer science.
Barrack Street Bridge
Barrack Street Bridge is the second crossing of the Eastern Railway line at its location just north of the Barrack Street intersection with Wellington Street at the eastern end of the Perth railway station yard in Perth, Western Australia. Despite its name the bridge carries Beaufort Street, although it has been called Beaufort Street Bridge.

The development of the Eastern Railway through Perth created a large yard and railway station area that separated the Perth central business district (CBD) from its adjacent northern streets. The first railway bridge at Barrack Street was timber, and in repair on a regular basis. It was demolished in 1894.

The Perth Railway Crossing Improvement Act 1892, an act by the Parliament of Western Australia assented to on 13 January 1893, authorised the construction of the bridge and closure of the level crossings on Stirling Street.

Wellington Street, Perth
Wellington Street is the northernmost of the four primary east-west streets in the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. It is 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) long, stretching from Plain Street in East Perth to Thomas Street in West Perth.
Tubular proteinuria
Tubular proteinuria is proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine) caused by renal tubular dysfunction. Tubular proteinuria is a laboratory sign, not a disease; as a sign it appears in various syndromes and diseases, such as Fanconi syndrome.

Proteins of low molecular weight are normally filtered at the glomerulus of the kidney and are then normally reabsorbed by the tubular cells, so that less than 150 mg per day should appear in the urine. Low-molecular-weight proteins' appearing in larger quantities than normal is tubular proteinuria, which points to failure of reabsorption by damaged tubular cells.

Tubular proteinuria is sometimes missed if only the albumin-to-creatinine ratio is tested.

Proteinuria
Proteinuria is the presence of excess proteins in the urine. In healthy persons, urine contains very little protein, less than 150 mg/day; an excess is suggestive of illness. Excess protein in the urine often causes the urine to become foamy (although this symptom may also be caused by other conditions). Severe proteinuria can cause nephrotic syndrome in which there is worsening swelling of the body.
Shirley Brick
Shirley Eclipse Brick (June 20, 1898 – January 3, 1929) was an American football end who played college football for Rice and one game in the American Professional Football Association (APFA) for the Buffalo All-Americans.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Vinyl ester resin
Vinyl ester resin, or often just vinyl ester, is a resin produced by the esterification of an epoxy resin with acrylic or methacrylic acids. The "vinyl" groups refer to these ester substituents, which are prone to polymerize and thus an inhibitor is usually added. The diester product is then dissolved in a reactive solvent, such as styrene, to approximately 35–45 percent content by weight.  Polymerization is initiated by free radicals, which are generated by UV-irradiation or peroxides.

This thermoset material can be used as an alternative to polyester and epoxy materials as the thermoset polymer matrix in composite materials, where its characteristics, strengths, and bulk cost are intermediate between polyester and epoxy. Vinyl ester has lower resin viscosity (approx. 200 cps) than polyester (approx. 500cps) and epoxy (approx. 900cps).

Styrene
Styrene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH=CH2. Its structure consists of a vinyl group as substituent on benzene. Styrene is a colorless, oily liquid, although aged samples can appear yellowish. The compound evaporates easily and has a sweet smell, although high concentrations have a less pleasant odor. Styrene is the precursor to polystyrene and several copolymers, and is typically made from benzene for this purpose. Approximately 25 million tonnes of styrene were produced in 2010, increasing to around 35 million tonnes by 2018.
Colin Loader
Colin James Loader (10 March 1931 – 19 June 2021) was a New Zealand rugby union player who represented the All Blacks between 1953 and 1954.

Born in Dannevirke in 1931, Loader was educated at Hutt Valley High School, where he was a member of the 1st XV between 1948 and 1950. He first represented Wellington from the University club, but switched to the Hutt club in 1952.

A second five-eighth and centre three-quarter, Loader was selected for the 1953–54 All Black tour to the British Isles, France and North America. He played 16 matches on the tour, including four test matches, scoring three tries in all. He made his international debut in Dublin against Ireland on 9 January 1954. He played all four of his test matches at the centre three-quarter position. He did not play for the All Blacks again and retired from rugby at the end of the 1955 season. He later coached at the Hutt club.

Loader died in Dunedin on 19 June 2021.

Test match (rugby union)
A test match in rugby union is an international match, usually played between two senior national teams, that is recognised as such by at least one of the teams' national governing bodies.

Some teams do not represent a single country but their international games are still considered test matches (for example the British and Irish Lions). Likewise some countries award caps for games between their full national teams and some invitation teams such as the Barbarians.
John Grayson House
John Grayson House is a historic home located near Graysontown, Montgomery County, Virginia.  The house was built about 1850, and is a  two-story, three-bay, frame dwelling with a single pile central passage plan. It has a two-story ell and a standing seam metal roof.  Its front facade features a two-story pedimented porch containing a circular louvered vent in the gable.  Also on the property is a tall frame smokehouse with a stone foundation and a pyramidal standing-seam metal roof.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Montgomery County, Virginia
Montgomery County is a county located in the Valley and Ridge area of the U.S. state of Virginia. As population in the area increased, Montgomery County was formed in 1777 from Fincastle County, which in turn had been taken from Botetourt County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,721. Its county seat is Christiansburg, and Blacksburg is the largest town. Montgomery County is part of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area. It is dominated economically by the presence of Virginia Tech, Virginia's third largest public university, which is the county's largest employer.