hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Watermeyer
Watermeyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Egidius Benedictus Watermeyer (1824–1867), Cape Colony judge

Ernest Frederick Watermeyer (1880–1958), South African chief justice

Frederick Stephanus Watermeyer (1828-1864), Cape Colony journalist, advocate, and politician

Philip Johannes Andries Watermeyer (1825-1897), Cape Colony politician

Stefan Watermeyer (born 1988), South African rugby union player

Ernest Frederick Watermeyer
Ernest Frederick Watermeyer (12 October 1880 – 18 January 1958) was the Chief Justice of South Africa from 1943 to 1950.

Watermeyer was born in Graaff-Reinet in 1880. He was educated at Stellenbosch Gymnasium, Bath College and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he read Mathematics, then Law.

He was called to the bar in England by the Inner Temple in 1904, and admitted to the Cape bar in 1905. He became a King's Counsel in 1921. From 1922 to 1937, he was a judge of the Cape Provincial Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa. In 1937, he was promoted to the Supreme Court's Appellate Division.

In 1943, he was appointed Chief Justice of South Africa and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year, the last Chief Justice of South Africa to be made a Privy Counsellor. He served as Officer Administering the Government of the Union of South Africa in 1950, and retired the same year.
Robert Peterson (art director)
Robert Peterson (August 15, 1909 – January 10, 1979) was an American art director. He received an Academy Award nomination in the category of Best Art Direction for the 1940 film Arizona. He died at the age of 69 in Los Angeles.

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
Aholming
Aholming is a municipality in the district of Deggendorf, Germany. Near Aholming there formerly was a long wave transmitter (owned by Media Broadcast until its dismantling) for transmitting the programs of Deutschlandfunk.

Deutschlandfunk
Deutschlandfunk (DLF, German: [ˈdɔʏtʃlantˌfʊŋk] ⓘ Broadcast Germany) is a public-broadcasting radio station in Germany, concentrating on news and current affairs. It is one of the four national radio channels produced by Deutschlandradio.
Kaduna South senatorial district
Kaduna South senatorial district covers eight local government areas of Kaduna State including Jaba, Jema'a, Kachia, Kagarko, Kaura, Kauru, Sanga, and Zangon Kataf. Kafanchan is the district headquarters. Mr. Amos Magaji is one of the selected Primary Health Care Centres in the eight benefiting local government areas mentioned above.Each beneficiaries is expected to undergo free HIV screening, laboratory investigations and treatment for Hepatitis B and C, malaria, diabetes, hypertension and surgical conditions such as hernia, lipoma, hydrocele, and appendicitis.

Kafanchan
Kafanchan (Tyap: Fantswam; Nikyob: Manɡyanɡ) is a town located in the southern part of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The town owes much of its development to the railway development in the area. The railway is situated at a particular junction of the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) station built in 1927. It sits on the railtrack connecting Port Harcourt, Enugu, Kafanchan, Kuru, Bauchi and finally Maiduguri.
As of 2007, Kafanchan had an estimated population of 83,092.
St Cuthbert's Church, Kentmere
St Cuthbert's Church, Kentmere is a Grade II listed parish church in the Church of England in Kentmere, Cumbria. Its benefice is united with that of St Martin's Church, Bowness-on-Windermere; St Anne's Church, Ings; St James' Church, Staveley; Jesus Church, Troutbeck and St Mary's Church, Windermere.

Staveley, Cumbria
Staveley (grid reference SD469981) is a village in the Westmorland and Furness Unitary Authority, in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it is situated 4 miles (6 km) northwest of Kendal where the River Kent is joined by its tributary the Gowan. It is also known as Staveley-in-Westmorland and Staveley-in-Kendal to distinguish it from Staveley-in-Cartmel (a small village near Newby Bridge which is now in Cumbria but was previously in Lancashire). There are three civil parishes – Nether Staveley, Over Staveley and Hugill (part). Their total population at the 2011 Census was 1,593 but this includes those living in the hamlet of Ings in Hugill parish.
Nienke van Hichtum
Sjoukje Maria Diderika Troelstra-Bokma de Boer (née Bokma de Boer; 13 February 1860 – 9 January 1939), better known under her pseudonym Nienke van Hichtum (pronounced [ˈniŋkə vɑn ˈɦɪxtʏm]), was a well-known Frisian Dutch children's author and translator. Van Hichtum wrote books and stories in both West Frisian (her native language) and Dutch.

The biennial Dutch literary award Nienke van Hichtum-prijs is named after her.

In 2001, the film Nynke, a historical drama about her life directed by Pieter Verhoeff, won the Golden Calf for best feature film and actress.

Golden Calf (award)
The Golden Calf (Dutch: Gouden Kalf) is the award of the Netherlands Film Festival, which is held annually in Utrecht. The award has been presented since 1981, originally in six categories: Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Feature Film, Best Short Film, Culture Prize and Honourable mention. In 2004, there were 16 award categories, mainly because in 2003 the categories Best Cinematography, Best Editing, Best Music, Best Production Design, Best Sound Design were added.

Famous Dutch film makers and actors that have won a Golden Calf include Rutger Hauer, Louis van Gasteren, Paul Verhoeven, Eddy Terstall, Carice van Houten, Felix de Rooy, Fons Rademakers, Martin Koolhoven, Alex van Warmerdam, Fedja van Huêt, Jean van de Velde, Pim de la Parra, Dick Maas, Marleen Gorris, Ian Kerkhof, Jeroen Krabbé, Monic Hendrickx, Rijk de Gooyer, Marwan Kenzari and Steve McQueen (director).
Melissa Kremer
Melissa Kremer (26 January 1996 –  22 March 2021) was a Dutch author, who died from acute leukemia. Her book, Mijn kwaadbloed, became a Dutch bestseller. Its presales were unparalleled in popularity.

Melissa Kremer grew up in Hoorn. She received national media attention late 2020 by the way she spoke about having leukemia on her Instagram account. She was in several national television talk shows, including Jinek. She became even more famous after publishing her book My Bad Blood (Dutch: Mijn kwaadbloed) with a selection of stories and poems from her blog. The book was already a bestseller in the pre-sale. After the first print sold out, a second print will be out early April 2021.

The Dutch Police held an event on the central Dam Square in support of Kremer. Kremer died in March 2021, aged 25, from acute leukemia.

Dam Square
Dam Square or the Dam (Dutch pronunciation: [dɑm]) is a town square in Amsterdam, the capital and most populated city of the Netherlands. Its notable buildings and frequent events make it one of the best-known and most important locations in the city and the country.
Total electron content
Total electron content (TEC) is an important descriptive quantity for the ionosphere of the Earth. TEC is the total number of electrons integrated between two points, along a tube of one meter squared cross section, i.e., the electron columnar number density. It is often reported in multiples of the TEC unit, or TECU, defined as 1016 electrons per m2.: 100

TEC is significant in determining the scintillation and group and phase delays of a radio wave through a medium.  Ionospheric TEC is characterized by observing carrier phase delays of received radio signals transmitted from satellites located above the ionosphere, often using Global Positioning System satellites.  TEC is strongly affected by solar activity.

Interplanetary scintillation
In astronomy, interplanetary scintillation refers to random fluctuations in the intensity of radio waves of celestial origin, on the timescale of a few seconds. It is analogous to the twinkling one sees looking at stars in the sky at night, but in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum rather than the visible one. Interplanetary scintillation is the result of radio waves traveling through fluctuations in the density of the electron and protons that make up the solar wind.
Hermann Löhlein
Christian Adolf Hermann Löhlein (26 May 1847 in Coburg – 25 November 1901) was a German obstetrician and gynecologist.

In 1870, he obtained his medical doctorate following studies at the universities of Jena and Berlin. Afterwards he spent several years at Berlin as an assistant in the clinic of Eduard Arnold Martin (1809–1875). From 1875 to 1888, he was a lecturer in obstetrics and gynecology in Berlin, followed by a professorship at the University of Giessen. Here he was successor to Max Hofmeier (1854–1927) as chair of OB/GYN, becoming university rector in 1898. At Giessen he was also editor of the Gynäkologische Tagesfragen (Gynecological issues of the day).

Giessen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German (German pronunciation: [ˈɡiːsn̩] ⓘ), is a town in the German state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen. The population is approximately 90,000, with roughly 37,000 university students.

The name comes from Giezzen, as it was first referred to in 1197, which refers to the position of the town between several rivers, lakes and streams. The largest river in Giessen is the Lahn, which divides the town in two parts (west and east), roughly 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Frankfurt am Main. Giessen is also home to the University of Giessen.

In 1969, the town hosted the ninth Hessentag state festival.
Kannezhuthi Pottum Thottu
Kannezhuthi Pottum Thottu (transl. With lined eyes and a pottu) is a 1999 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written and directed by T. K. Rajeev Kumar. It stars Manju Warrier, Thilakan, Biju Menon, Abbas, and Kalabhavan Mani. The film features songs composed by M. G. Radhakrishnan and background score by Sharreth.

The plot follows Bhadra, a female farmhand who seeks revenge on landlord Nateshan for murdering her parents when she was a child. Warrier received a National Film Award - Special Mention for her performance.

Kalabhavan Mani
Kunnisseri Veettil Raman Mani (1 January 1971 – 6 March 2016), better known by his stage name Kalabhavan Mani, was an Indian actor and singer. Mani started his career as a mimic with the Kalabhavan comedy troupe.  He had starred in over 250 films, including Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu films, and was renowned for his humorous characters and villain roles.

Mani won National Film Award – Special Jury Award and Kerala State Film Awards for his performance as Ramu in Vasanthiyum Lakshmiyum Pinne Njaanum (1999). He was the first actor from kerala who won the National Film Award - Special Jury Award in the history of Malayalam film industry.
QRS Music Technologies
QRS Music Technologies, Inc. is an American company that makes modern player pianos. It was founded as Q•R•S Music Company in 1900 to make piano rolls, the perforated rolls of paper read by player pianos to reproduce music. The company also produced shellac records in the 1920s and 1930s and radios beginning in the 1920s. Today, it makes modern, digital variations on the player piano and the recordings to drive them.

Player piano
A player piano is a self-playing piano with a pneumatic or electromechanical mechanism that operates the piano action using perforated paper or metallic rolls. Modern versions use MIDI. The player piano gained popularity as mass-produced home pianos increased in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Sales peaked in 1924 and subsequently declined with improvements in electrical phonograph recordings in the mid-1920s. The advent of electrical amplification in home music reproduction, brought by radios, contributed to a decline in popularity, and the stock market crash of 1929 virtually wiped out production.
Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis
Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis is endemic to Gansu, China, and introduced by Farrer in 1914. The taxonomy of the plant and the other five davidii varieties has been challenged in recent years. Leeuwenberg sank them all as synonyms, considering them to be within the natural variation of a species, a treatment adopted in the Flora of China published in 1996, and also upheld by both the Plants of the World Online database and the International Dendrology Society's Trees and Shrubs Online website.

Anthonius Josephus Maria Leeuwenberg
Anthonius Josephus Maria "Toon" Leeuwenberg (11 August 1930, in Amsterdam – 2010) was a Dutch botanist and taxonomist best known for his research into the genus Buddleja at the Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography, Wageningen. He was responsible for sinking many Asiatic species as varieties, notably within Buddleja crispa. In 1962, he worked with Jan de Wilde on the flora of the Ivory Coast.
Puente del Inca
Puente del Inca (English "Bridge of the Inca") is a natural arch that forms a bridge over the Las Cuevas River, a tributary of the Mendoza River. It is located near the small village of Puente del Inca, in Las Heras Department, Mendoza Province, Argentina. The nearby hot springs are also named Puente del Inca.

While Puente del Inca has shown signs of deterioration, it remains stable under its weight under present conditions. Factors of safety ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 have been estimated for the arch.

Factor of safety
In engineering, a factor of safety (FoS) or safety factor (SF) expresses how much stronger a system is than it needs to be for its specified maximum load. Safety factors are often calculated using detailed analysis because comprehensive testing is impractical on many projects, such as bridges and buildings, but the structure's ability to carry a load must be determined to a reasonable accuracy.
Many systems are intentionally built much stronger than needed for normal usage to allow for emergency situations, unexpected loads, misuse, or degradation (reliability).

Margin of safety (MoS or MS) is a related measure, expressed as a relative change.
1956 Davis Cup Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1956 Davis Cup.

24 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the America Zone and Eastern Zone. Italy defeated Sweden in the final and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

Sweden Davis Cup team
The Sweden Davis Cup team represents Sweden in Davis Cup tennis competition and is governed by the Swedish Tennis Association, known in Swedish as Svenska Tennisförbundet .

Sweden is the fifth most successful nation in Davis Cup history, having won the title 7 times, including 6 titles since the creation of the World Group in 1981. Since the abolition of the Challenge Round, Sweden holds the record for most consecutive years in the final  with seven years from 1983 to 1989 and have defended the title on two occasions in 1984–85 and 1997–98, a feat only also accomplished by the United States Davis Cup team.
Meherrin, Virginia
Meherrin is a small unincorporated community in Lunenburg and Prince Edward counties in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is approximately 18.6 miles (29.9 km) by road south of Farmville.

Locally, the village is known for its 4th of July Celebration and Friday night Bingos, which are both hosted by the Meherrin Volunteer Fire Department.

Nearby colleges include Longwood University, Hampden-Sydney College, and Southside Virginia Community College. Nearby schools are Prince Edward County Public Schools, Lunenburg County Public Schools, Charlotte County Public Schools, and Fuqua School (Private).

Meherrin was originally named Moore's Ordinary. It was named for George Moore in August 1748 when he was granted a license by the Amelia Court to operate an "ordinary" tavern (a tavern that provided ordinary needs for travellers). In 1852 the Richmond-Danville railroad reached Meherrin and built the Meherrin Depot, named for the tribe of Indians that lived there and along the Meherrin River.

Meherrin River
The Meherrin River is a 143.37 mi (230.73 km) long river in Virginia and North Carolina in the United States. It is a sixth-order tributary of the Chowan River, which it joins in Hertford County, North Carolina.
Geodimeter
The Geodimeter (acronym of geodetic distance meter) was the first optical electronic distance meter surveying instrument.
It was originally developed for measuring the speed of light.
It was invented in 1947 by Erik Osten Bergstrand and commercialized in 1953 by the AGA (Aktiebolaget Gasaccumulator) company of Sweden.
It was used in the Transcontinental Traverse.

The Geodimeter business was acquired by SpectraPrecision which was acquired by Trimble Inc.

AGA AB
AGA AB, previously AB Gasaccumulator and AB Svenska Gasaccumulator, was a Swedish industrial gas company founded in 1904. Nobel Prize laureate Gustaf Dalén was an important part of the development of the company. Inventions included the AGA cooker and the Dalén light.  In the 1990s, AGA conceived and developed HiQ for specialty gases. In 2000, AGA (which stands for Aktiebolaget Gas Accumulator) was integrated into Linde AG.
Politics and government of the Dutch Republic
The Dutch Republic existed from 1579 to 1795 and was a confederation of seven provinces, which had their own governments and were very independent, and a number of so-called Generality Lands. These latter were governed directly by the States-General (Dutch: Staten-Generaal), the federal government. The States-General were seated in The Hague and consisted of representatives of each of the seven provinces.

Binnenhof
52°04′47″N 4°18′47″E﻿ / ﻿52.079631°N 4.313035°E﻿ / 52.079631; 4.313035

The Binnenhof (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbɪnə(n)ˌɦɔf] ⓘ; English: Inner Court) is a complex of buildings in the city centre of The Hague, Netherlands, next to the Hofvijver (Court Pond). It houses the meeting place of both houses of the States General of the Netherlands, as well as the Ministry of General Affairs and the office of the Prime Minister of the Netherlands. Built primarily in the 13th century, the Gothic castle originally functioned as residence of the counts of Holland and became the political centre of the Dutch Republic in 1584. Together with the Buitenhof it is ranked among the Top 100 Dutch heritage sites. The Binnenhof is among the oldest parliament buildings in the world still in use.
Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics
The Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics is a biannual publication of the Yale Law School, Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Public Health, and Yale School of Nursing. The Journal publishes articles, essays, notes, and commentaries that cover a wide range of topics in health policy, health law, and biomedical ethics. Its readership includes academicians, professionals, policy makers and legislators in health care. Submissions are peer-reviewed by a distinguished Advisory Board consisting of leading experts in health policy, health law, and biomedical ethics. The Journal is produced and edited by students members from Yale's graduate and professional schools. The Journal is one of the most cited legal publications in the world within the field of Health, Medicine, Psychology and Psychiatry Law. The current editor-in-chief is Carolyn Lye.

Yale School of Public Health
The Yale School of Public Health (YSPH) is a fully independent professional school of public health within Yale University. It was founded in 1915 by Charles-Edward Amory Winslow and is one of the oldest academic public health programs in the United States.
Kingdom of Pergamon
The Kingdom of Pergamon, Pergamene Kingdom, or Attalid kingdom was a Greek state during the Hellenistic period that ruled much of the Western part of Asia Minor (now Turkey) from its capital city of Pergamon.  It was ruled by the Attalid dynasty (/ˈætəlɪd/; Greek: Δυναστεία των Ατταλιδών, romanized: Dynasteía ton Attalidón).

The kingdom was a rump state that was created from the territory ruled by Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great.  Philetaerus, one of Lysimachus' lieutenants, rebelled and seized the city of Pergamon and the surrounding regions; Lysimachus died soon after in 281 BC.  The new kingdom was initially in a vassal-like relationship of nominal fealty to the Seleucid Empire, but exercised considerable autonomy and soon became entirely independent.  It was a monarchy ruled by Philetaerus's extended family and their descendants.  It lasted around 150 years before being eventually absorbed by the Roman Republic during the period from 133–129 BC.

Thyatira
Thyateira (also Thyatira; Ancient Greek: Θυάτειρα) was the name of an ancient Greek city in Asia Minor, now the modern Turkish city of Akhisar ("white castle"), Manisa Province. The name is probably Lydian.  It lies in the far west of Turkey, southwest of Istanbul and east-northeast of Athens.  It is about 50 miles (80 km) from the Aegean Sea.
Bronson Albery
Sir Bronson James Albery (6 March 1881 – 21 July 1971) was an English theatre director and impresario. Albery was knighted in 1949 for his services to the theatre. The Albery Theatre in London was named in his honour and his elder son, Sir Donald Albery, was also a theatrical impresario.

Bronson was second son of dramatist, James Albery, and stage actress, Mary Moore. He was a brother to politicians, Irving Albery & Wyndham Albery. Albery married Una Gwynn Rolleston.

By 1953, Sir Bronson Albery was the name over the Criterion Theatre, leased from The Wyndham Theatres Ltd and licensed by the Lord Chamberlain.

Impresario
An impresario (from Italian impresa 'an enterprise or undertaking') is a person who organizes and often finances concerts, plays, or operas, performing a role in stage arts that is similar to that of a film or television producer.
Iglas Assembly constituency
Iglas is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Iglas in the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Iglas is one of five assembly constituencies in the Hathras Lok Sabha constituency. It is a highly Jat dominated seat with 40% Jat vote but it is reserved for SC category.

Bijendra Singh
Chaudhary Bijendra Singh (born 25 December 1956) is an Indian politician. He stood for the 2004 Lok Sabha elections on the Indian National Congress ticket and became a Member of Parliament from Aligarh.
He is the resident of village Dhonda near Iglas Tehsil. He had also been five times MLA from Iglas, Aligarh. He is standing again for the Samajwadi Party in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections.
Honorary weapons of Russia
Russia has a long history of awarding honorary weapons, which is part of its military traditions and culture. This practice is related to the country's complex system of orders, decorations and medals.

OTs-21 Malysh
The OTs-21 Malysh (Russian: ОЦ-21 «Малыш», meaning "kid") is a 9 mm semi-automatic pistol designed by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau for special applications where concealment is a key priority.

The Malysh operates on the simple blowback principle; it is a double action only design with the ammunition capacity limited to five 9×18mm Makarov rounds (can use only 57-N-181S cartridges) in a box magazine with a base extension for more comfortable holding and firing. It features an internal hammer and there are no protrusions to hinder rapid withdrawal from a pocket or holster. The pistol has no safety other than the need for a definite pressure on the trigger. There are also no sights other than a groove along the top of the slide, emphasizing the intention that the OTs-21 Malysh is limited to very short-range engagements.