hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Melvin Burkhart
Clarence Melvin Burkhart (1907–2001) was  a sideshow performer known as the  Human Blockhead for driving a large steel spike up his nose with a hammer.  He was also known as Melvin the Two-Faced Man, due to his ability to wear different facial expressions on the two sides of his face, and as  Melvin the Anatomical Wonder for his abilities as a contortionist.  His act also included magic, sword swallowing, fire eating, and an electric chair.

Fire eating
Fire eating (a.k.a. pyrophagia) is the act of putting a flaming object into the mouth and extinguishing it. A fire eater can be an entertainer, a street performer, part of a sideshow or a circus act but has also been part of spiritual tradition in India.
Department of Defense master clock
The Department of Defense master clock is the atomic master clock to which time and frequency measurements for the United States Department of Defense are referenced.

Located in Washington D.C., the U.S. Naval Observatory master clock is designated as the "DOD Master Clock". It is one of the two standard time and frequency references for the U.S. Government in accordance with Federal Standard 1002-A. The other standard time and frequency reference for the U.S. Government is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) master clock.

The U.S. Naval Observatory also maintains an alternate clock designated "USNO Alternate Master Clock" at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Diocesan Museum of Milan
The Diocesan Museum of Milan (Museo Diocesano di Milano in Italian) is an art museum in Milan housing a permanent collection of sacred artworks, especially from Milan and Lombardy.
Originally conceived by Ildefonso Schuster in 1931 as a vehicle to protect and promote the art collection of the Archdiocese of Milan, the museum was eventually established in the former headquarters of the Dominican Order in the back of the Basilica of Sant'Eustorgio with the support of Pope Paul VI. In 2001 Carlo Maria Martini inaugurated the current venue located in Porta Ticinese.

Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster
Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, O.S.B. (Italian pronunciation: [alˈfreːdo ildeˈfɔnso ʃˈʃuster], German: [ˈʃuːstɐ]; born Alfredo Ludovico Schuster; 18 January 1880 – 30 August 1954) was an Italian Catholic prelate and professed member of the Benedictines who served as the Archbishop of Milan from 1929 until his death. He took the religious name of Ildefonso as a Benedictine monk and served as an abbot prior to his elevation to the cardinalate.

He led the Milanese archdiocese during World War II and was known to have supported fascism at first. His views changed to opposition after the annexation of Austria and the introduction of Italian racial laws, which prompted vocal criticisms of anti-Christian aspects of Benito Mussolini's regime.

Schuster's beatification was celebrated in mid-1996 in Saint Peter's Square.
PNPLA4
PNPLA4 (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4) encodes a lipid hydrolase with both triacylglycerol lipase and transacylase activity, suggesting a dual role in lipid hydrolysis and remodeling. Multiple transcript variants, including transcript variant 2, have been identified; however, they encode the same isoform, highlighting regulatory diversity rather than structural differences. PNPLA4 shows broad tissue expression, consistent with a role in maintaining lipid homeostasis.
Comparative genomic analyses indicate that PNPLA4 is a relatively small member of the PNPLA family (≈252–255 amino acids) containing the conserved patatin domain with a Ser–Asp catalytic dyad and oxyanion hole motif. The human gene is located on the X chromosome (Xp22.3) and is conserved across vertebrates, supporting its essential metabolic function.

Beta sheet
The beta sheet (β-sheet, also β-pleated sheet) is a common motif of the regular protein secondary structure. Beta sheets consist of beta strands (β-strands) connected laterally by at least two or three backbone hydrogen bonds, forming a generally twisted, pleated sheet. A β-strand is a stretch of polypeptide chain typically 3 to 10 amino acids long with backbone in an extended conformation. The supramolecular association of β-sheets has been implicated in the formation of the fibrils and protein aggregates observed in amyloidosis,  Alzheimer's disease and other proteinopathies.
Eastern Counties 2
Eastern Counties 2 is an English level 10 Rugby Union League - currently divided into 3 regional divisions (north, south, west). Promoted teams move up to Eastern Counties 1 with teams in this league tending to be from Cambridgeshire, Norfolk or Suffolk. Currently a three divisions, Eastern Counties 2 has previously been divided into North and South divisions with teams from Essex taking part, and had relegation to Eastern Counties 3. In 2003-04 the Essex teams broke away, forming a new league - with Essex 2 being the equivalent division to Eastern Counties 2.

In 2014-15 Eastern Counties 2 split into three regional divisions - north, south and west to allow for more 2nd and 3rd teams to take part.  Due to the reorganization of the divisions, relegation is now possible to Eastern Counties 3.

National Division 5
National Division 5 (sponsored by Courage Brewery) was a short lived English rugby union competition created as a tier 5 regional competition divided into National Division 5 North and National Division 5 South.  In 1993 the RFU decided to change the whole league structure, with a new national league (National Division 4) replacing the old North / South regional system which would become the aforementioned National Division 5. This led to twelve out of thirteen teams in both National Division 4 regions dropping into National Division 5 while the league winners joined National Division 4 along with eight teams from National Division 3.  This system continued to the end of the 1995–96 season when the league was restructured once again – with National Division 4 being abolished as a national competition reverting to the old system only being renamed as National League 4 North and National League 4 South.
Herbie Tonkes
Herbie 'Tinker' Tonkes (4 April 1921 – 10 September 1991) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1940s.

Tonkes could play a variety of positions, from defence, the wing to half back. He played his early football at Preston Juniors and was recruited to the VFL from Essendon United. War duties limited him to seven appearances in 1944 and he missed the entire 1945 season as he was serving in the Pacific. The following year he returned to the league and was a half back flanker in the victorious 1946 VFL Grand Final team. After one final season, Tonkes joined VFA club Brunswick.

Brunswick Football Club
The Brunswick Football Club, nicknamed the Magpies, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Brunswick.

Brunswick played in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1897 until 1991, when it withdrew midway early in the season and folded shortly after. In its final two seasons in the VFA, the club was known as Brunswick-Broadmeadows.
Lolium rigidum
Lolium rigidum is a species of  annual grass. Common names by which it is known include annual ryegrass, a name also given to Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), rigid ryegrass, stiff darnel, Swiss ryegrass and Wimmera ryegrass. It is a native of southern Europe, northern Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent and is grown as a forage crop, particularly in Australia, where it is also a serious and economically damaging crop weed.

Spikelet
A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical  arrangement of the inflorescences of grasses, sedges and some other monocots.

Each spikelet has one or more florets.: 12  The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that bears the florets is called the rachilla.: 13
Caledonian Amateur Football League
The Caledonian League is a football (soccer) league competition for amateur clubs in Scotland.  It was formed in 1983 by inviting top amateur clubs, based in Scotland, with good facilities with high standards being set for admittance to the league Since its formation, the teams competing within the league have been of a good standard, with clubs from the league winning the Scottish Amateur Cup on nine occasions, also providing four losing finalists.

Member clubs are based across Argyll and Bute, Glasgow, West Dunbartonshire, and Stirlingshire.

Like several other amateur leagues, it is a stand-alone association and is not currently part of Scotland's pyramid system.

Stirlingshire
Stirlingshire or the County of Stirling (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Sruighlea [ˈʃirˠəxk ˈs̪t̪ɾuʝlə]) is a historic county and registration county of Scotland. Its county town is Stirling.

It borders Perthshire to the north, Clackmannanshire to the east, West Lothian to the south-east, Lanarkshire to the south, and Dunbartonshire to the south and south-west (this latter boundary is split in two owing to Dunbartonshire's Cumbernauld exclave).
Joanne Weaver
Joanne "Joltin' Jo" Weaver (December 19, 1935 – March 19, 2000) was a right fielder who played from 1951 through 1954 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m), 142 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Krisztina Zantleitner
Krisztina Zantleitner (born 8 May 1974) is a Hungarian water polo player. She was a member of the Hungary women's national water polo team, playing as a centre back.

She was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Olympics. On club level she played for OSC Budapest in Hungary.

Water polo at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's water polo tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was held from 11 August to 21 August at the Ying Tung Natatorium.

Teams from eight nations competed, seeded into two groups for the preliminary round. 20 games were played, 12 of them in the preliminary round (each team played the other teams in the group). Eight games were played in the final round.
Les Angles, Pyrénées-Orientales
Les Angles (French pronunciation: [le.z‿ɑ̃ɡl] ⓘ; Catalan: Els Angles, Catalan pronunciation: [əlz ˈaŋɡləs]) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

Legend has it that at the beginning of the XIV century, the Black Death wiped out the entire population of the former village of Vallsera. Only two sisters survived, they are believed to have donated all of the land to the commune of Les Angles.

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
GOR method
The GOR method (short for Garnier–Osguthorpe–Robson) is an information theory-based method for the prediction of secondary structures in proteins. It was developed in the late 1970s shortly after the simpler Chou–Fasman method. Like Chou–Fasman, the GOR method is based on probability parameters derived from empirical studies of known protein tertiary structures solved by X-ray crystallography. However, unlike Chou–Fasman, the GOR method takes into account not only the propensities of individual amino acids to form particular secondary structures, but also the conditional probability of the amino acid to form a secondary structure given that its immediate neighbors have already formed that structure. The method is therefore essentially Bayesian in its analysis.

Protein tertiary structure
Protein tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape of a protein. The tertiary structure will have a single polypeptide chain "backbone" with one or more protein secondary structures, the protein domains. Amino acid side chains and the backbone may interact and bond in a number of ways. The interactions and bonds of side chains within a particular protein determine its tertiary structure. The protein tertiary structure is defined by its atomic coordinates. These coordinates may refer either to a protein domain or to the entire tertiary structure. A number of these structures may bind to each other, forming a quaternary structure.
Evolution of motorway construction in European nations
The evolution of motorways construction in European countries by total number of kilometers existing in that year.
This is a list of the total number of Motorways by country in Europe. It includes motorways (controlled-access highways), classified as such by the Eurostat and includes countries that are not members of the European Union but geographically are situated in Europe.

Eurostat
Eurostat, or the European Statistical Office (also DG ESTAT), is a Directorate-General of the European Commission, based in Luxembourg City. Eurostat's main responsibilities are to provide statistical information to the institutions of the European Union (EU) and to promote the harmonisation of statistical methods across its member states and candidates for accession as well as European Free Trade Area countries.

The partnership of Eurostat and the national organisations that cooperate with it is referred to as the European Statistical System, a term enshrined in EU legislation since 2009.
Važecká Cave
Važecká Cave (Slovak: Važecká jaskyňa, and Hungarian: Vázseci-barlang) is a 530-metre (1,740 ft) long stalactite limestone cave. Lying at an elevation of 784 metres (2,572 ft), it is located near the village of Važec, in the Liptov Basin, near the Biely Váh River, on the northern edge of the Low Tatra mountain range in northern Slovakia. The cave was discovered in 1922. Of the 530 m total length, 235 metres (771 ft) are open to the public.

Although it is one of the shorter caves, it is known for its rich stalactite decoration, as well as for its cave fauna.

Stalactite
A stalactite (UK: /ˈstæləkˌtaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from Ancient Greek  σταλακτός (stalaktós) 'dripping', from  σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats). A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.

The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite.
2026 Polish Basketball Cup
The 2026 Bank Pekao Polish Basketball Cup (Polish: Puchar Polski 2026) is the 63rd edition of Poland's national cup competition for men basketball teams. It is managed by the Polish Basketball League (PLK) and will be held in Sosnowiec, in the Arena Sosnowiec.

Zagłębie Sports Park
Zagłębie Sports Park (Polish: Zagłębiowski Park Sportowy), officially called ArcelorMittal Park for sponsorship reasons, is a sports complex in Środula, Sosnowiec, Poland and is the home of Zagłębie Sosnowiec. It consists of a football stadium, ice hockey arena and indoor arena, the first of which is also being used by Wieczysta Kraków to host their games.
Vĩnh Cửu district
Vĩnh Cửu is a rural district of Đồng Nai province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 106,067. The district covers an area of 1,122 km2 (433 sq mi). The district capital lies at Vĩnh An.

The Vĩnh Cửu nature reserve is an area of (mostly secondary) seasonal tropical forest and links directly with Cát Tiên National Park; together they provide contiguous habitat for a number of endangered species including yellow-cheeked gibbons, gaur and Asian elephants.  The Trị An lake (hồ) and dam form a substantial part of this district.

Southeast (Vietnam)
Đông Nam Bộ (literally "Southeast region") is a region in Southern Vietnam. This region includes one municipality, Ho Chi Minh City; and five provinces: Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province, Bình Phước and Tây Ninh. The two south central provinces Ninh Thuận and Bình Thuận are sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region. This region is the most economically developed region in Vietnam. In 2006, this region contributed 148,000 billion VND (equal to $9.25 billion) out of 251,000 billion VND to the state budget.  This region is also the most highly urbanized in the country with more than 50% people living in urban areas (while the equivalent figure for Vietnam is just 25%).
Batsu to Maru to Tsumi to
Batsu to Maru to Tsumi to (×と○と罪と; "Wrong and Right and Crimes and") is the seventh studio album by Japanese rock band Radwimps. It was released on December 11, 2013, by EMI Records Japan. The album reached #2 rank first week in Oricon rankings. It charted for 29 weeks. The album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan.

Music of Japan
In Japan, music includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern. The word for "music" in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 on (sound) with the kanji 楽 gaku (music, comfort). Japan is the world's largest market for music on physical media and the second-largest overall music market, with a retail value of US$2.7 billion in 2017.
Kadina Rahasya
Kadina Rahasya (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1969 Indian Kannada film, directed by Geethapriya and produced by R. Rangappa and M. P. Shankar. The film stars Yashraj, Sudarshan, K. S. Ashwath and Narasimharaju in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Satyam.

K. S. Ashwath
Karaganahalli Subbaraya Ashwathanarayana (25 March 1925 – 18 January 2010) was an Indian veteran actor who appeared in Kannada films. He appeared in over 370 films during his five-decade-long career. His memorial is in the Kengeri satellite town, Bengaluru. Memorial name - "K. S. Ashwath Memorial Children's Park".
RV Zephyr
The research vessel Zephyr is currently owned by Ron Micjan and is operated under Outbound Marine LLC.  The Zephyr was purchased from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in October 2013, moved to Portland, Oregon, and refurbished over the next 2.5 years into a custom cruising, small ship expedition and research vessel.

Currently the Zephyr is operational on the Pacific coast of the US and has worked from Juneau and Dutch Harbor Alaska all the way down to San Diego.  Customers include NOAA Fisheries, NOAA MML, US Army Corps of Engineers, DARPA, US Navy, US Army and Oregon State University.

Prior ownership of Zephyr was as a research vessel operated by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI). It was the primary platform of operations for MBARI's AUV program and it was then christened R/V Zephyr.

The original owner of the vessel was the San Francisco Bar Pilots Association who had her built to specification by the Colberg Boat Works in Stockton.

Research vessel
A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles which can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels may be constructed around an icebreaker hull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
Bangladesh Open University
The Bangladesh Open University (BOU) Bengali: বাংলাদেশ উন্মুক্ত বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় (বাউবি), established on 21 October 1992, is a public university with its main campus in Board Bazar, Gazipur District, Dhaka Division. It is the 8th largest university in the world according to enrollment.

As the only public university in Bangladesh to use distance education as a method of delivery, BOU is mandated to "promote through multimedia; instruction of every standard and knowledge – both general and scientific – by means of any form of communications technology, to raise the standard of education and to give the people educational opportunities by democratizing education and creating a class of competent people by raising the standard of education of the people generally."

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.