hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Usance
Usance refers to the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs. In manufacturing, "usance" means "inputs." It is used in "usance bills."

In medieval banking, "usance" denoted the period of time, set by custom, before a bill of exchange could be redeemed at its destination.

Negotiable instrument
A negotiable instrument is a document guaranteeing the payment of a specific amount of money, either on demand, or at a set time, whose payer is usually named on the document. More specifically, it is a document contemplated by or consisting of a contract, which promises the payment of money without condition, which may be paid either on demand or at a future date. The term has different meanings, depending on its use in the application of different laws and depending on countries and contexts. The word "negotiable" refers to transferability, and "instrument" refers to a document giving legal effect by the virtue of the law.
Simeen Mahmud
Simeen Mahmud was a demographics researcher and the lead researcher at the BRAC Institute of Governance and Development at BRAC University. She was a director of the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies. She was the coordinator of the Centre for Gender and Social Transformation of BRAC University. She headed the Gender Studies Cluster at BRAC University.

Mahmud was the country coordinator for the Citizenship DRC. She worked on the empowerment of women. She was a researcher of gender studies.

Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies
The Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ উন্নয়ন গবেষণা প্রতিষ্ঠান (বিআইডিএস)) is an autonomous  multi-disciplinary public research organization that conducts policy research on development issues for Bangladesh. Supported by the Government of Bangladesh, BIDS functions as a think tank, helping formulate socioeconomic policies. The institute conducts research and promotes study and education in development economics, rural development, demographics, and social sciences.
Bank Employees' Union
The Bank Employees' Union is the name of:

Bank Employees' Union (Finland), a former trade union

Bank Employees' Union (Trinidad and Tobago), a former trade union

Botswana Bank Employees' Union, a trade union

Australian Bank Employees' Union or ABEU, now part of the Finance Sector Union

Bank Employees' Union (Trinidad and Tobago)
The Bank Employees Union (BEU), a former trade union in Trinidad and Tobago, started as a staff association in 1974 out of a consultative committee which was adopted with partners from other banks in the Barclays group.

The association was registered on 2 May 1974 under the Trinidad and Tobago Trade Union Ordinance as Staff Association of Barclays Bank of Trinidad and Tobago Limited and won recognition on 21 April 1975. The name of the Union was changed when the bank's name changed to Republic Bank Limited in 1981.

Among the major developments in the Union's history was a strike in 1984 over a collective agreement for the period June 1984 to May 1987 and a lock-out initiated by the Bank in 1987.

The BEU merged with the Bank and General Workers Union on 21 February 2003 to form the Banking, Insurance and General Workers Union.
1978 Ottawa-Carleton Regional Municipality elections
Municipal elections were held on November 13, 1978 in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton (RMOC), Ontario, Canada. This page lists the election results for local mayors, reeves, councils and hydro commissions of the RMOC in 1978.

Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton
The Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton (RMOC) was a regional municipality and census division in Ontario, Canada, that existed between January 1, 1969, and January 1, 2001. Primarily centred on the City of Ottawa, it was created in 1969 by restructuring Carleton County and annexing Cumberland Township from the United Counties of Prescott and Russell into the newly created Region of Ottawa–Carleton.

It was the second regional municipality to be created in Ontario after the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto. It served as an upper-tier level of municipal government, aggregating municipal services on a region-wide basis like the counties and regional municipalities of southern Ontario, and was the only upper-tier municipal government ever created in eastern Ontario. The regional municipality was dissolved upon the creation of the amalgamated City of Ottawa on January 1, 2001.
The Votary of Wealth
The Votary of Wealth is a 1799 comedy play by the British writer Joseph George Holman.

The original Covent Garden cast included William Thomas Lewis as Drooply, Alexander Pope as Leonard Vizorly, Joseph Shepherd Munden as Oakworth, John Fawcett as Sharpset, Charles Murray as Clevland, John Emery as Old Vizorly, Julia Betterton as Caroline, Nannette Johnston as Gangica and Jane Pope as Julia Cleveland.

William Thomas Lewis
William Thomas Lewis (c.1748–1811), known as "Gentleman" Lewis, due to his refined acting style, was an English actor. Raised in Ireland, he made his name on the Dublin stage before moving to the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London where he spent many years. He was said to be "the most complete fop on the stage". In later life he went into theatrical management.
Iris Robinson scandal
The Iris Robinson scandal, also known as Irisgate, was a political scandal in Northern Ireland involving Iris Robinson, the wife of Northern Ireland's First Minister Peter Robinson. She was a serving MP and MLA for the Democratic Unionist Party, representing Strangford in both legislatures.

In January 2010, a BBC Northern Ireland documentary revealed that Iris Robinson had been involved in an extramarital affair in 2008 and had procured £50,000 in loans for her lover to finance a start-up restaurant. She had failed to declare her monetary interest in the restaurant, despite serving on the council which leased the premises to him.

As a result of the restaurant issue, Iris Robinson was expelled from the DUP and she resigned her seats in both Westminster and the Northern Ireland Assembly, retiring from politics. Peter Robinson also unexpectedly lost his own Westminster seat (Belfast East) in the 2010 general election and some media reports attributed the result to the scandal.

Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)
Belfast East is a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. The MP since 2015 is Gavin Robinson of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). Since the 2024 general election, the seat is centred on the east section of Belfast and also contains part of the district of Lisburn and Castlereagh.
Douglas Cardinal
Douglas Joseph Cardinal OC FRAIC (born 7 March 1934) is a Canadian architect based in Ottawa, Ontario. His architecture is influenced by his Indigenous heritage, as well as European Expressionist architecture. Cardinal designed the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Quebec, and the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, DC.

Red Deer, Alberta
Red Deer is a city in Alberta, Canada, located midway on the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor. Red Deer serves central Alberta, and its key industries include health care, retail trade, construction, oil and gas, hospitality, manufacturing and education. It is surrounded by Red Deer County and borders on Lacombe County. The city is in aspen parkland, a region of rolling hills, alongside the Red Deer River.
Antonis Constantinides
Antonis Constantinides (born 24 October 1974) is a Cypriot professional basketball head coach, currently head coach of BC Körmend of the Hungarian league. He won both the Cypriot championship and cup titles in 2011 with ETHA Engomis, his first ever career titles, after which he was chosen 'coach of the year' for the 2010–11 season in Cyprus. He has experience in European competitions, participating regularly with his teams in the FIBA EuroChallenge.

FIBA EuroChallenge
FIBA EuroChallenge (called the FIBA Europe League in 2003–05, and FIBA EuroCup in 2005–08) was the 3rd-tier continental club basketball competition in Europe, from 2003 to 2015. It was organized and run by FIBA Europe. It is not to be confused with the FIBA EuroCup Challenge – the defunct 4th-tier competition, which was also organized and run by FIBA Europe, played between 2002–03 and 2006–07. In 2015, FIBA dissolved the EuroChallenge, in order to start the Basketball Champions League (BCL) and FIBA Europe Cup (FEC), in order to extend opportunities outside the competitions organized by the Euroleague Basketball.
Glory (novelette)
"Glory" is a science-fiction novelette by Australian writer Greg Egan, first published in the anthology The New Space Opera edited by Gardner Dozois and Jonathan Strahan in 2007. The novelette was included in the collections Dark Integers and Other Stories in 2008 and Oceanic in 2009. The novelette is set in the same universe as Egan's novellas "Riding the Crocodile" and "Hot Rock" as well as Egan's novel Incandescence.

Dark Integers and Other Stories
Dark Integers and Other Stories is a collection of five science-fiction short stories by Australian writer Greg Egan, published on 25 March 2008 by Subterranean Press. One of them, "Oceanic", won the Hugo Award for Best Novella, while two others were nominated.
Cibórz, Lubusz Voivodeship
Cibórz [ˈt͡ɕibuʂ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Skąpe, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is situated on the shore of Lake Ciborze.

Cibórz is the location of the largest psychiatric hospital in the Lubusz Voivodeship.

During World War II, the Germans operated the Oflag III-B prisoner-of-war camp for Belgian officers in the settlement.

Świebodzin County
Świebodzin County (Polish: powiat świebodziński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świebodzin, which lies 35 km (22 mi) north of Zielona Góra and 57 km (35 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The only other town in the county is Zbąszynek, lying 20 km (12 mi) east of Świebodzin.

The county covers an area of 937.45 square kilometres (362.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 55,753, out of which the population of Świebodzin is 21,736, that of Zbąszynek is 5,020, and the rural population is 28,997.
Jennifer Padilla
Jennifer Padilla González (also spelled; born 1 January 1990) is a Colombian track and field athlete who competes in the 200 metres and 400 metres sprint events.  Her first name is also spelled Yenifer of Yennifer.

She won the 400 m title at the 2011 Pan American Games as well as two bronze medals in the relay for Colombia. She set her 400 m personal best of 51.53 seconds at the competition.

Padilla was a medallist in the individual and relay sprinting events at the South American Championships in Athletics in both 2009 and 2011. She jointly holds the National records for the 4×400 metres with a time of 3:29.94 minutes.

Cali
Santiago de Cali (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkali]), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with an estimated 2,280,522 residents in 2023. The city spans 560.3 km2 (216.3 sq mi) with 120.9 km2 (46.7 sq mi) of urban area, making Cali the second-largest city in the country by area and the third most populous. Cali is the main urban and economic center in the south of the country, and has one of Colombia's fastest-growing economies. The city was founded on 25 July 1536 by the Spanish explorer Sebastián de Belalcázar.

As a sporting center for Colombia, it was the host city for the 1971 Pan American Games. Cali also hosted the 1992 World Wrestling Championships, the 2013 edition of the World Games, the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in 2014, the World Youth Championships in Athletics in 2015 as well as the inaugural Junior Pan American Games in 2021 and the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships.
Samak Sundaravej
Samak Sundaravej (Thai: สมัคร สุนทรเวช, RTGS: Samak Sunthorawet, pronounced [sā.màk sǔn.tʰɔ̄.rā.wêːt] ⓘ; 13 June 1935 – 24 November 2009) was a Thai politician who briefly served as the Prime Minister of Thailand and Minister of Defence in 2008, as well as the leader of the People's Power Party in 2008.

Thai honorifics
Honorifics are a class of words or grammatical morphemes that encode a wide variety of social relationships between interlocutors or between interlocutors and referents. Honorific phenomena in Thai include honorific registers, honorific pronominals, and honorific particles.
1951 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1951 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 28 October 1951 at Pedralbes Circuit. It was the eighth and final race of the 1951 World Championship of Drivers.

This race was determined by tyre choice – Ferrari chose a 16-inch rear wheel, whilst Alfa Romeo settled for the 18 inch, which proved to be the better of the two options.
Juan Manuel Fangio led Alberto Ascari by two points before the race. Ascari led the race from José Froilán González, but the Ferraris suffered numerous tread problems. Piero Taruffi threw a tyre tread on lap 6 and was followed on lap 7 by Luigi Villoresi, Ascari on lap 8 and Gonzalez on lap 14. The Ferraris were forced to stop frequently to change tyres and Fangio comfortably won the race and his first drivers' title, after Ascari finished 4th was not able to overhaul Fangio's total. After the race, Alfa Romeo announced that due to lack of finances, they would not be competing in the 1952 season.

Luigi Villoresi
Luigi "Gigi" Villoresi (16 May 1909 – 24 August 1997) was an Italian racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1956.

Villoresi contested 34 Formula One Grands Prix across seven seasons for Italian teams Ferrari, Maserati, Lancia, and Centro Sud. He achieved eight podiums and one fastest lap, finishing fifth in the 1951 and 1953 World Drivers' Championships with Ferrari.
Strictly Global
Strictly Global is an American weekly music television program that aired from November 19, 2004, to June 3, 2011. It showcased music videos covering every genre of music from every corner of the globe. The program highlights international artists as well as independent and ethnic American talent. The program was produced by MHz Networks, and was broadcast every Friday night on MHz WorldView.

Music television
Music television is a type of television programming which focuses predominantly on playing music videos from recording artists, usually on dedicated television channels broadcasting on satellite, cable, or streaming platforms.

Music television channels may host their own shows and charts and award prizes. Examples are Paramount's MTV, Channel UFX (India), 4Music (UK), 40 TV (Spain), Channel V (China), VIVA (Germany, defunct), Scuzz (UK), MuchMusic (Canadian), TeleHit (Mexico), Kerrang! TV (UK), RAC 105 TV (Catalonia), GTV (Indonesia, removed years later) VH1 (removed years later), Fuse TV (removed years later) and Palladia (now as MTV Live).
Begdili
Begdili (also spelled Bekdili or Bigdeli; Middle Turkic: بَكْتِلى Begtili; Turkmen: Begdili taýpasy; Turkish: Beğdili boyu; Azerbaijani: Bəydili boyu) were an Oghuz Turkic people and a sub-branch of the Bozok tribal federation. Currently, the descendants of Begdili tribe and those who identify themselves as such are part of the Geklen Turkmens living in the Balkan velayat of Turkmenistan. They also can be found among Ersari Turkmens, who live predominantly in the Lebap velayat (region) of Turkmenistan and northern provinces of Afghanistan. Turkish Begdili Turkomans live in Tarsus, Aleppo, and in many parts of Anatolia. Cerit/Ceritli Turkomans are a branch of Begdili tribe.

Middle Turkic languages
Middle Turkic refers to a phase in the development of the Turkic language family, covering much of the Middle Ages (c. 900–1500 CE). In particular the term is used by linguists to refer to a group of Karluk, Oghuz and Kipchak and related languages spoken during this period in Central Asia, Iran, and other parts of the Middle East controlled by the Seljuk Turks. Middle Turkish is also a dialect of  Common Turkic.
Ahmed Abdi Mohamed
Ahmed Abdi Mohamud Sugulle "Habsade" (Axmed Cabdi Xaabsade) is a Puntland and Somaliland politician. He was a decorated Colonel in the Somali Armed Forces and the second in command of the Somali Custodial Corps  (Ciidanka Asluubta) equivalent to that of the Italian Arma dei Carabinieri but the Custodial Corps fall under the Ministry of the Interior and are part of the Police Force. A politician and respected elder later in life (he was instrumental in the founding of Somaliland and became the Speaker of the Somaliland House of Representatives. In 1998, he was appointed Minister of the Interior of Puntland but was dismissed in 2007 after a conflict with Mohamud Muse Hersi, who became President of Puntland in 2006. In 2007, he brought Somaliland troops into Las Anod, leading to Somaliland's effective control of the Sool region. He served as various Somaliland Ministers of state from 2008. In 2014, Abdiweli Gaas became President of Puntland and he come back to Puntland.: 68

President of Puntland
The president of Puntland is the head of government and state of Puntland. The Presidency was elected by the House of Representatives of Puntland behind establishing the Puntland State in Somalia on 1 August 1998.
2024 NAIA men's basketball tournament
The 2024 NAIA men's basketball tournament was a tournament held by the NAIA to determine the national champion of men's college basketball among its member programs in the United States and Canada, culminating the 2023–24 NAIA men's basketball season.

The tournament finals were played at the Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri.

Freed–Hardeman won the title, the Lions' first NAIA national overall.

Freed–Hardeman University
Freed–Hardeman University is a private university associated with the Churches of Christ and located in Henderson, Tennessee, United States. It is primarily undergraduate and residential. The university also serves some commuting, part-time and adult students on-campus and through distance-learning programs.

The university is governed by a board of trustees, all of whom are required to be members of Churches of Christ. Courses are offered by 12 academic departments in 5 colleges: Arts and Sciences, Biblical Studies, Business, Education and Behavioral Sciences, and the Honors College.
Kallarkutty Dam
Kallarkutty Dam is a gravity dam built on the Muthirapuzha river, a tributary of the Periyar river, as part of the Neriamangalam Hydroelectric Project at Kallarkutty in Vellathooval panchayat of Idukki district in Kerala, India. The water discharged from the Chenkulam dam's powerhouse and the Muthirapuzha river is diverted to the Neriamangalam powerhouse near Panamkutty above the Pambla dam. The Hydroelectric Project was commissioned on 27 January 1961 to generate 45 MW of power using 3 turbines with a capacity of 15 MW. In 2006, the project was upgraded from 45 MW to 52.65 MW. Taluks through which release flow are Udumbanchola, Devikulam, Idukki, Kothamangalam, Muvattupuzha, Kunnathunadu, Aluva, Kodungalloor and Paravur. The Project was led by Kerala State Electricity Board Engineer E.U. Philipose

Kunnathunad
Kunnathunadu (കുന്നത്തുനാട് ഗ്രാമപഞ്ചായത്ത്) is a Grama Panchayat located in Kunnathunadu Taluk of Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala.

It falls under the administrative jurisdiction of the Vadavukode Block Panchayat and lies within the Kunnathunadu revenue villages. The Grama Panchayat covers an area of 18.57 square kilometres.

The headquarters of the Panchayat is located at Pallikkara Kumarapuram Junction. Major localities within the Panchayat include Pallikkara, Pattimattom, and Peringala.
Llorgozana
Llorgozana (Logrezana in Spanish) is one of 12 parishes (administrative divisions) in Carreño, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The parroquia is 11.28 km2 (4.36 sq mi) in size, with a population of 391 (INE 2007).  The postal code is 33438.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Great Owl
Great Owl can refer to:

several species of owl
the North African pharaoh eagle-owl (particularly in ancient or antiquarian texts)
the great grey owl
the American great horned owl

Wielka Sowa, the highest peak in the Owl Mountains, Poland

The Great Owl, a character in The Secret of NIMH

Great grey owl
The great grey owl (Strix nebulosa) (also great gray owl in American English) is a true owl, and is the world's largest species of owl by length. It is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere and is the only species in the genus Strix found in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres. In some areas, it is also called the phantom of the north, cinereous owl (this name is also used for Strix sartorii), spectral owl, Lapland owl, spruce owl, bearded owl, and sooty owl.
Princess Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine of (Schleswig-)Holstein-Plön (Charlotte Amalie Vilhelmine af Slesvig-Holsten-Pløn in Danish) (23 April 1744 – 11 October 1770), was a princess of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (or Holstein-Plön), a cadet branch of the Danish royal family. She was born at Plön to Frederick Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön and Countess Christiane Armgard von Reventlow, the fourth of five children.

Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
The Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (German: Herzogtum Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön), also Schleswig-Holstein-Plön, Holstein-Plön or just Duchy of Plön, was a small sub-duchy (Teilherzogtum) created by the physical division of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.  Today, its remaining significance is primarily the building of Plön Castle.  The Duchy of Plön was not a territorial dukedom in its own right, but a sub-division within the state structure of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.  The scattered territorial dominion lay mostly in the southeast part of present-day German state of Schleswig-Holstein.
Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans
Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans is a species of bacteria. They are facultative organohalide respiring bacteria capable of reductively dechlorinating chlorophenolic compounds and tetrachloroethene. They are  anaerobic, motile, Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacteria capable of utilizing a wide range of electron donors and acceptors. The type strain JW/IU-DCT, DSM 9161, NCBi taxonomy ID 756499.

There are two described isolates from this species strains JW/IU-DCT and PCE1. The genomes of both strains have been sequenced, none of the strains encodes any plasmids, in addition to six reductive dehalogenases, the genomes encodes a large number of genes for utilization of a range of electron donors and acceptors.

Reductive dechlorination
In organochlorine chemistry, reductive dechlorination describes any chemical reaction which cleaves the covalent bond between carbon and chlorine via reductants, to release chloride ions. Many modalities have been implemented, depending on the application.  Reductive dechlorination is often applied to remediation of chlorinated pesticides or dry cleaning solvents. It is also used occasionally in the synthesis of organic compounds, e.g. as pharmaceuticals.