hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yordan Ivanov (literary historian)
Yordan Ivanov was a Bulgarian literary historian. A full member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences since 1909, he was an expert on the literary and cultural heritage of the Bogomils.

Ivanov is known as the discoverer of the manuscript original of Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya in the Zograf Monastery. He was the favorite lecturer of Yordan Yovkov.

He wrote several fundamental historical works revealing the Bulgarian character of Macedonia, and many studies on his home town and region.

From 1920 to 1923 and again from 1927 to 1930, he was posted as a professor of Bulgarian language at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales in Paris, which laid the foundation for Cyrillo-Methodian Studies in France.

Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
The Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal de lɑ̃ɡ e sivilizɑsjɔ̃ ɔʁjɑ̃tal]; transl. "National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations"), abbreviated as INALCO, is a French grand établissement with a specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania. With 104 languages taught as of 2024, this institution is currently the world's largest provider of language training courses.

It is also informally called "Langues'O" (French: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o]) in French, an abbreviation for Langues orientales.

The INALCO logo is made up of the school's acronym, each part of which is translated into languages written in non-Latin characters, corresponding to Inalco's fields of teaching and research.
Kahlouniyeh
Kahlouniyeh, (Arabic: الكحلونية)  also written El Kahloûnîyé, is a municipality in the Chouf District of Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon. It has an average elevation of 850 meters above sea level and its total land area is 375 hectares. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze. Kahlouniyeh was named for the Arabic word "khôl", an eye makeup, and the area was involved in the trade and production of it. The Souayjani castle ruins are in the area. The location of Kahlouniyeh is 850 meters above sea level. Kahlouniyeh was the birthplace of the Arab nationalist rebel commander, Hamad Sa'b.

Kohl (cosmetics)
Kohl is a cosmetic product traditionally made by crushing stibnite (antimony sulfide). Modern kohl formulations often contain galena (lead sulfide), and in some cases charcoal or other pigments. Kohl is similar to eyeliner, which was traditionally made. Kohl is widely used in many cultures to contour or darken the eyelids and heighten beauty marks. Several studies have questioned the safety of kohl out of fear of lead poisoning. Importing galena kohl into the United States is banned.
Rudolf Brazda
Rudolf Brazda (26 June 1913 – 3 August 2011) was the last known concentration camp survivor deported by Nazi Germany on charges of homosexuality. Brazda spent nearly three years at the Buchenwald concentration camp, where his prisoner uniform was branded with the distinctive pink triangle that the Nazis used to mark men interned as homosexuals. After the liberation of Buchenwald, Brazda settled in Alsace, northeastern France, in May 1945 and lived there for the rest of his life.

Although other gay men who survived the Holocaust are still alive, they were not known to the Nazis as homosexuals and were not deported as pink triangle internees. At least two gay men who were interned as Jews, for instance, have spoken publicly of their experiences.

Gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Historic terminology for gay men has included inverts and uranians.

Gay men continue to face significant discrimination in large parts of the world, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. In the Western world, many gay men still experience discrimination in their daily lives, though some openly gay men have reached national success and prominence, including Apple CEO Tim Cook and heads of state or government such as Edgars Rinkēvičs (president of Latvia since 2023).

The word gay is recommended by LGBTQ groups and style guides to describe all people exclusively attracted to members of the same sex, while lesbian refers specifically to female homosexuals, and gay men to male homosexuals.
Glen Addie Volunteer Hose Company Fire Hall
The Glen Addie Volunteer Hose Company Fire Hall, at Fourth St. and Pine Ave. in Anniston, Alabama, United States, was built in 1885.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

It is an early Richardsonian Romanesque-style two-story brick building.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Women and animal advocacy
Women have played a central role in animal advocacy since the 19th century. The animal advocacy movement – embracing animal rights, animal welfare, and anti-vivisectionism – has been disproportionately initiated and led by women, particularly in the United Kingdom. Women are more likely to support animal rights than men. A 1996 study of adolescents by Linda Pifer suggested that factors that may partially explain this discrepancy include attitudes towards feminism and science, scientific literacy, and the presence of a greater emphasis on "nurturance or compassion" amongst women. Although vegetarianism does not necessarily imply animal advocacy, a 1992 market research study conducted by the Yankelovich research organization concluded that "of the 12.4 million people [in the US] who call themselves vegetarian, 68% are female, while only 32% are male".

American Anti-Vivisection Society
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) is a Jenkintown, Pennsylvania-based animal protectionism organization created with the goal of eliminating a number of different procedures done by medical and cosmetic groups in relation to animal cruelty in the United States. It seeks to help the betterment of animal life and human-animal interaction through legislation reform. It was the first anti-vivisection organization founded in the United States.
Chinese Academy of Management Science
The Chinese Academy of Management Science (中国管理科学研究院) was a public institution based in Beijing, China, sponsored by the China Tourism and Cultural Resources Development Promotion Association (中国旅游文化资源开发促进会). The organization was deregistered by the State Administration for Public Institution Registration (SAPIR; 国家事业单位登记管理局) on 23 June 2024 due to extensive for-profit commercial operations as a nonprofit public-welfare organization. Before the deregistration, the academy had been widely reported in the media for selling competition awards, professional licenses, and academic certificates.

Central Institutional Organization Commission
The Central Institutional Organization Commission, sometimes synonymous with the State Commission for Public Sector Reform, is an agency of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party with full jurisdiction also over the State Council of China as well as lower and local government bodies. It is led by the Premier of the State Council and closely tied to the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party.
James Harvey Carson
James Harvey Carson (February 11, 1808 – January 13, 1884) was a brigadier general in the Virginia militia, who served along with the Confederate States Army in northwestern Virginia at various times during 1861 and early 1862 in the American Civil War (Civil War). Carson's men were part of Stonewall Jackson's force that moved to take the town of Bath, later Berkeley Springs, now in West Virginia, on January 3, 1862.

Carson left the military on February 1, 1862 to go back to and become president of the Virginia State Senate. He returned to farming in 1864 and was active in law and real estate in Frederick County and in Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia after the war.

Prior to the Civil War, Carson had been an assistant teacher, a farmer, a lawyer, a colonel in the Virginia militia in 1837, and a member of the Virginia General Assembly, first in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1844 to 1847, then in the Virginia State Senate from 1859 to 1864.

Loudoun County, Virginia
Loudoun County (/ˈlaʊdən/) is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. The county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of 2023, Loudoun County had a median household income of $156,821, the highest of any county or county equivalent in the nation.
Morgan Evans (rugby league)
Morgan Luc Evans (born 23 March 1992) is a Welsh rugby league footballer who plays for the West Wales Raiders in League 1. He began his career playing with his university rugby league team and made his début with the Wales national rugby league team, in 2014 in a charity match against the Keighley Cougars. In 2015, he played prop during Wales's successful European Cup campaign. As well as the West Wales Raiders, he has also played for the clubs Gloucestershire All Golds, South Wales Scorpions and Coventry Bears.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Glenn Duffie Shriver
Glenn Duffie Shriver (born November 23, 1981) is an American convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage for China. At the behest of Chinese intelligence, Shriver unsuccessfully applied for jobs with the US State Department and CIA, meeting with handlers from China more than 20 times. He was first approached while living in China by operatives of the Shanghai State Security Bureau, a subsidiary of China's Ministry of State Security (MSS), who hoped to develop a mole which would provide them information regarding American foreign policy. He was caught and arrested by the FBI soon after applying to a job with the CIA's National Clandestine Service. In a 2010 plea bargain, he pled guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit unlawful conveyance of national defense information, and served four years in prison at the Federal Correctional Institution in Elkton, Ohio. He was released in 2013, and was later depicted in the short film Game of Pawns, commissioned by the FBI.

Agent handling
In intelligence organizations, agent handling is the management of so-called agents (called secret agents or spies in common parlance), principal agents, and agent networks (called "assets") by intelligence officers typically known as case officers.
Take Me to Your Heart
Take Me to Your Heart can refer to:

"Take Me to Your Heart" (Bananarama song)

"Take Me to Your Heart" (Rick Astley song)

Take Me to Your Heart (album), an album by Michael Learns to Rock
"Take Me to Your Heart" (Michael Learns to Rock song), a song by Michael Learns to Rock

Take Me to Your Heart (Michael Learns to Rock song)
"Take Me to Your Heart" is a song by Danish soft rock band Michael Learns to Rock, released as the first single from their 2004 self-titled album. The song is an adaptation of the 1993 Mandopop hit "Goodbye Kiss" ("吻别", "Wen Bie") by Hong Kong singer Jacky Cheung, which is the title track of the album The Goodbye Kiss.
Rabbit Keen
Delbert Allen "Rabbit" Keen (December 10, 1914 – June 4, 1984) was an American professional football back who played two seasons of professional football. A native of Oklahoma, he played college football for two years at Connors Agricultural College—now known as Connors State College—before spending two years at Arkansas. He was not selected in the 1937 NFL draft, but made the roster of the Philadelphia Eagles and appeared in eight games that year, running for 154 yards and throwing the second-longest pass of the season, an 86-yard touchdown against the Green Bay Packers which was ultimately the only completed pass of his career. He split time between the Eagles and the Richmond Arrows of the Dixie League in 1938, and did not play afterwards.

Arkansas Razorbacks football
The Arkansas Razorbacks football program represents the University of Arkansas in the sport of American football. The Razorbacks compete in the 
Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Home games are played at stadiums on or near the two largest campuses of the University of Arkansas System: Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock.

The program began in 1894 and has compiled an all-time record of 740–539–40, for a .576 winning percentage. The Razorbacks have won 13 conference championships and have had 58 players honored as All-Americans. Arkansas claims one national championship (1964) awarded by the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA).
Lord of the Rings (board game)
Lord of the Rings is a cooperative board game based on the high fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien. Published in 2000 by Kosmos in Germany, Wizards of the Coast in the U.S., and Parker Brothers in the U.K., the game is designed by Reiner Knizia and features artwork by illustrator John Howe. In the game, each player plays a hobbit in the party, and the party will aim to destroy the One Ring. Upon its release, the game received a Spiel des Jahres special award. A slightly revised version was later published by Fantasy Flight Games.

Parker Brothers
Parker Brothers (known as Parker outside of North America) was an American toy and game manufacturer which in 1991 became a brand of Hasbro. More than 1,800 games were published under the Parker Brothers name since 1883. It remained family owned until bought in 1968, and branched into Nerf toys and media. Among its products were Monopoly, Clue (licensed from the British publisher and known as Cluedo outside of North America), Sorry!, Risk, Trivial Pursuit, Ouija, Aggravation, Bop It, Scrabble (under a joint partnership with Milton Bradley in the United States and Canada), and Probe. In the 21st century, the trade name ceased use, with former products being marketed under the "Hasbro Gaming" label, with the logo shown on Monopoly games.
Water Tower Place
Water Tower Place is an urban mixed-use development comprising a 758,000 sq ft (70,400 m2) shopping mall in a 74-story skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois. The mall is located on North Michigan Avenue, along the Magnificent Mile. It is named after the nearby historic Chicago Water Tower, which survived the Great Chicago Fire.

In 2022, Brookfield Property Partners turned the building over to their lender, MetLife Investment Management, due to numerous retail vacancies following the closing of Macy's, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and increasing crime along the Michigan Avenue.

Great Chicago Fire
The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois, during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed 17,000 structures across roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2), and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration spreading quickly. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then crossed the main stem of the river, consuming the Near North Side.

Help flowed to the city from near and far after the fire. The city government improved building codes to stop the rapid spread of future fires and rebuilt rapidly to those higher standards. A donation from the United Kingdom spurred the establishment of the Chicago Public Library.
Taylan Susam
Taylan Susam (born November 18, 1986) is a Turkish-Dutch composer of experimental music. He is a member of the Wandelweiser group, which has been described by The New Yorker as "an informal network of twenty or so experimental-minded composers who share an interest in slow music, quiet music, spare music, fragile music."

November Music
November Music is an annual international festival of contemporary music in the Netherlands on various locations in  's-Hertogenbosch. Its motto is 'Today's Music by Today's Makers'.

The ten-day festival is held in the first half of November. It offers a programme of contemporary composed music, jazz and improvisation, avant-garde world music, sound installations, electronic music, modern opera, music theatre, and interdisciplinary performances. Concerts are staged in different venues.
My Mind Right
"My Mind Right" is a song by American rapper Memphis Bleek, released by Roc-A-Fella Records and Def Jam Recordings on March 5, 2000, as the lead single from his second studio album, The Understanding (2000). It also served as the lead single for Roc-A-Fella Records' soundtrack album, Backstage: A Hard Knock Life.

The music video, directed by Nzingha Stewart, features cameos from the song's co-writer Jay-Z and its producer Damon Dash, as well as fellow East Coast rappers Caddillac Tah, Ja Rule and Fabolous. Initially, the song was not a major hit and did not receive much airplay; however, following its remix with Roc-A-Fella label boss Jay-Z and labelmate Beanie Sigel, the song received wider radio airplay throughout the summer of 2000.

Memphis Bleek
Malik Deshawn Cox (born June 23, 1978), known by his stage name Memphis Bleek, is an American rapper. He is best known for his affiliation with fellow New York City-based rapper Jay-Z, with Cox often described as his hype man and protégé. Cox signed with his Roc-A-Fella Records label imprint in the late 1990s, through which he has released four major label studio albums: Coming of Age (1999), The Understanding (2000), M.A.D.E. (2003), and 534 (2005). He has since founded his own labels: Get Low Records in 1998, and Warehouse Music Group in 2016—through which he signed rapper Casanova.
Becky Soundy
Rebeca Lourdes García Soundy (born 11 April 1993) is a Salvadoran deaf educator and YouTuber.  She teaches Salvadoran Sign Language (LESSA) and American Sign Language (ASL).  Her channel aims to raise societal awareness of deaf culture and sign language.

Deaf education
Deaf education is the education of students with any degree of hearing loss or deafness. This may involve, but does not always, individually-planned, systematically-monitored teaching methods, adaptive materials, accessible settings, and other interventions designed to help students achieve a higher level of self-sufficiency and success in the school and community than they would achieve with a typical classroom education. There are different language modalities used in educational setting where students get varied communication methods. A number of countries focus on training teachers to teach deaf students with a variety of approaches and have organizations to support and advocate for deaf students.
The Rain In España
The Rain In España is a Philippine teen romantic drama television series directed by Theodore Boborol that premiered on May 1, 2023, on Viva One. Produced by Studio Viva, an adaptation of the Wattpad novel University Series - The Rain in España by Gwy Saludes. The series stars Heaven Peralejo and Marco Gallo.

Bea Binene
Beanca Marie "Bea" Binene (born November 4, 1997) is a Filipino actress. She began her career as a finalist on StarStruck Kids in 2004. She is best known for her role as Natalie Dimaculangan in the 2010 television series First Time, as well as her performance in Hanggang Makita Kang Muli in 2016, both aired on GMA Network.

Since 2005, she has served as one of the Junior Ambassadors for the Haribon Foundation, and she has also volunteered with the GMA Kapuso Foundation and the Philippine Red Cross.
William Melville Alexander (Illinois politician)
William Melville Alexander was an American politician, physician, and land speculator active in Illinois.

In 1817, Alexander laid out a settlement on behalf of a Cincinnati-based land company. The settlement, America, Illinois, was envisioned as a major city and possibly even an inland capital for the United States. The ambitious goals of the project were never realized. He was first elected to the Illinois House of Representatives in 1820 and reelected in 1822. In his second term, he was elected Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives by his colleagues.

In the 1824 United States presidential election, Alexander was an elector pledged to William H. Crawford. That same year, he ran for an appointment from the Illinois General Assembly to the United States Senate to succeed Ninian Edwards. Alexander lost to John McLean.

After a series of failed land ventures in Illinois, he moved to the Southern United States where he died. He is the namesake of Alexander County, Illinois.

America, Illinois
America is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Illinois, United States. It lies  5 miles (8.0 km) northeast of Mound City.

Founded in part by the American entrepreneur Justus Post, Post made attempts to establish a community like the one he had previously constructed near St. Louis, Missouri that is now today Chesterfield, Missouri. It was the county seat of Alexander County, Illinois, from the county's establishment in 1819 until Unity became the county seat in 1833. In 1843, when Pulaski County was created, America became part of the new county. On February 14, 1881, a post office was established in America, Illinois, and was discontinued on September 15, 1942. America, Illinois is now a part of the 62996 ZIP code of Villa Ridge, Illinois.
Technological University of Pereira
The Technological University of Pereira (Spanish: Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira) is a national public research university in Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. The university is located in the southeast of the city.

The university offers studies in engineering (Industrial engineering, Engineering physics, Systems engineering and Computer science, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering); Science and Technology (Veterinary medicine, Medicine, Chemical technology, Industrial chemistry, Environmental management); Liberal arts (English, Spanish language and Literature, philosophy, Communication and Computer Education); Child pedagogy; and Sports science and recreation.

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.