hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Li Shunxian
Li Shunxian (Chinese: 李舜弦; c. 900, Zi Prefecture, Sichuan – 926, Sichuan) was a Former Shu poet of Persian origin celebrated for her beauty and poetic talent. She was a concubine of Wang Yan, the second and last emperor of Former Shu. She was famous for being a Persian descent with a remarkable talent for writing poetry in Chinese.

Former Shu
Great Shu (Chinese: 大蜀; pinyin: Dàshǔ), known in historiography as the Former Shu (Chinese: 前蜀; pinyin: Qiánshǔ) or occasionally Wang Shu (王蜀), was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It existed from 907 to 925 CE.

The country's name changed from "Shu" to "Han" (Chinese: 漢; pinyin: Hàn) in 917–918, which is not to be confused with another contemporaneous kingdom during the same Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Southern Han (traditional Chinese: 南漢; simplified Chinese: 南汉; pinyin: Nán Hàn), 917–971 CE.
Lew (surname)
Lew is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barzillai Lew (1743–1822), American soldier and musician

Cameron Lew (born 1995), American musician, Ginger Root

Connor Lew (born 2005), American football player

Emma Lew (born 1962), Australian poet

Harry Lew (1884–1963), American basketball player

Lew Hing (1858–1934), Chinese-born American industrialist

Jack Lew (born 1955), United States Secretary of the Treasury

James Lew (born 1952), American martial arts actor

Michael Lew (born 1965), Dutch scientist

Peter Lew (born 1970), Australian businessman, son of Solomon

Randy Lew (born 1985), American poker player

Ronald S. W. Lew (1941–2023), American jurist

Shoshana Lew, (born 1983), American government administrator

Solomon Lew (born 1945), Australian businessman

Lew Syn Pau, Singaporean politician

Walter K. Lew, Korean-American poet and scholar

Lew Yih Wey (born 1991), Malaysian swimmer

Emma Lew
Emma Lew (born 1962) is a contemporary Australian poet.

Born in Melbourne, Emma Lew studied arts at Melbourne University and worked as a deckhand, shop assistant, proof-reader, and clerical assistant, only beginning to write poetry in 1993.

Her work has appeared in numerous journals and anthologies in Australia and overseas. Her first volume of poems, The Wild Reply, won the 1998 Mary Gilmore Prize and was joint winner of The Age 1998 Poetry Book of the Year Prize. Her second book, Anything the Landlord Touches, published in 2002 and reissued in the UK by Shearsman Books in 2006, won the 2003 C. J. Dennis Prize for Poetry (Victorian Premier's Prize) and the 2003 Judith Wright Calanthe Award (Queensland Premier's Prize).

A collection of German language translations of selected poems, Nesselgesang, was published in 2008 (translations by Mirko Bonné).
On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS) is an online database of integer sequences. It was created and maintained by Neil Sloane while researching at AT&T Labs. He transferred the intellectual property and hosting of the OEIS to the OEIS Foundation in 2009, and is its chairman.

OEIS records information on integer sequences of interest to both professional and amateur mathematicians, and is widely cited. As of November 2025, it contains over 390,000 sequences, and is growing by approximately 30 entries per day.

Each entry contains the leading terms of the sequence, keywords, mathematical motivations, literature links, and more, including the option to generate a graph or play a musical representation of the sequence. The database is searchable by keyword, by subsequence, or by any of 16 fields. There is also an advanced search function called SuperSeeker which runs a large number of different algorithms to identify sequences related to the input.

Computer music
Computer music is the application of computing technology in music composition, to help human composers create new music or to have computers independently create music, such as with algorithmic composition programs. It includes the theory and application of new and existing computer software technologies and basic aspects of music, such as sound synthesis, digital signal processing, sound design, sonic diffusion, acoustics, electrical engineering, and psychoacoustics. The field of computer music can trace its roots back to the origins of electronic music, and the first experiments and innovations with electronic instruments at the turn of the 20th century.
Vigil (space mission)
Vigil, formerly known as Lagrange, is a future space weather mission under development by the European Space Agency (ESA). The mission will provide the ESA Space Weather Office with instruments able to monitor the Sun, its solar corona, and interplanetary medium between the Sun and Earth, to provide early warnings of increased solar activity, to identify and mitigate potential threats to society and infrastructure, as well as to allow 4 to 5 days space weather forecasts. To this purpose the Vigil mission will place for the first time a spacecraft at Sun-Earth Lagrange point 5 (L5) from where it would get a 'side' view of the Sun, observing regions of solar activity on the solar surface before they turn and face Earth.

Solar phenomena
Solar phenomena are natural phenomena which occur within the atmosphere of the Sun. They take many forms, including solar wind, radio wave flux, solar flares, coronal mass ejections, coronal heating and sunspots.

These phenomena are believed to be generated by a helical dynamo, located near the center of the Sun's mass, which generates strong magnetic fields, as well as a chaotic dynamo, located near the surface, which generates smaller magnetic field fluctuations. All solar fluctuations together are referred to as solar variation, producing space weather within the Sun's gravitational field.

Solar activity and related events have been recorded since the eighth century BCE. Throughout history, observation technology and methodology advanced, and in the 20th century, interest in astrophysics surged and many solar telescopes were constructed. The 1931 invention of the coronagraph allowed the corona to be studied in full daylight.
Ron Toews
Ron Toews (born April 28, 1969) is a Canadian former international rugby union player.

Toews was born in Winnipeg and grew up in British Columbia, where he attended Semiahmoo Secondary School.

A centre and winger, Toews competed for Vancouver club Meraloma and was a varsity player with UBC. He debuted for Canada in their win over Wales at Cardiff in 1993 and was capped 16 times during his career. In 1995, Toews was a member of the Canadian squad at the Rugby World Cup in South Africa, but never got to take the field. He also represented Canada at the 1997 Rugby World Cup Sevens in Hong Kong.

Semiahmoo Secondary School
Semiahmoo Secondary School (/ˌsɛmiˈæmuː/ SEM-ee-AM-moo) is a public high school in South Surrey, British Columbia, and is part of School District 36 Surrey. It was founded in 1940 as the first senior secondary school in South Surrey. The school serves grades eight through twelve.

Semiahmoo is one of four public high schools on the peninsula, along with Earl Marriott Secondary School, Elgin Park Secondary School and Grandview Heights Secondary School.

The school is named after the indigenous Semiahmoo people.
2015 Dunlop World Challenge
The 2015 Dunlop Srixon World Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour and 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $75,000+H (ITF) and $40,000+H (ATP) in prize money. It took place in Toyota, Japan, on 23–29 November 2015.

Toyota, Aichi
Toyota (豊田市, Toyota-shi; pronounced [toꜜjota ɕi]), formerly known as Koromo, is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 426,162 and a population density of 464 people per km2. The total area was 918.32 square kilometres (354.57 sq mi). It is located about 50 minutes from Nagoya by way of the Meitetsu Toyota Line.

Several of Toyota Motor Corporation's manufacturing plants, including the Tsutsumi plant, are located there. The longstanding ties between the Toyota Motor Corporation and the town of Toyota, formerly known as Koromo (挙母市, Koromo-shi), gave the town its current name. The city's flag (and seal), is a unicursal hexagram.
Friedrich Bayer
Friedrich Bayer (born Friedrich Beyer, 6 June 1825 in Barmen now Wuppertal – 6 May 1880 in Würzburg) was the founder of what would become Bayer, a German chemical and pharmaceutical company. He founded the dyestuff factory Friedrich Bayer along with Johann Friedrich Weskott in 1863 in Elberfeld, a flourishing city in the early industrialised region of the Wuppertal or Wupper Valley.

Friedrich Bayer changed the spelling of his surname from Beyer in his early twenties, due to the publicity gained by a fraudulent merchant from Leipzig bearing the same name. Friedrich Beyer from Barmen feared that the bad reputation of his namesake could damage his business and consequently changed his surname to Bayer.

Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, the chemical industry converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into commodity chemicals for industrial and consumer products. It includes industries for petrochemicals such as polymers for plastics and synthetic fibers; inorganic chemicals such as acids and alkalis; agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides; and other categories such as industrial gases, speciality chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Various professionals are involved in the chemical industry including chemical engineers, chemists and lab technicians.
Customer cost
Customer cost refers to the price of a product and also includes purchase costs, use costs, and post-use costs. Purchase costs involve the expenses associated with searching for a product, gathering information about it, and acquiring that information. Typically, the highest use costs are associated with durable goods that have a high demand for resources, such as energy or water, or those with significant maintenance costs. Post-use costs include the expenses related to collecting, storing, and disposing of the product after it has been discarded.

Sustainable products
Sustainable products are products either sustainably sourced, manufactured or processed and provide environmental, social, and economic benefits while protecting public health and the environment throughout their whole life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the final disposal.
Adjoint
In mathematics, the term adjoint applies in several situations. Several of these share a similar formalism: if A is adjoint to B, then there is typically some formula of the type

(Ax, y) = (x, By).

Specifically, adjoint or adjunction may mean:

Adjoint of a linear map, also called its transpose in case of matrices

Hermitian adjoint (adjoint of a linear operator) in functional analysis

Adjoint endomorphism of a Lie algebra

Adjoint representation of a Lie group

Adjoint functors in category theory

Adjunction (field theory)

Adjunction formula (algebraic geometry)

Adjunction space in topology

Conjugate transpose of a matrix in linear algebra

Adjugate matrix, related to its inverse

Adjoint equation

The upper and lower adjoints of a Galois connection in order theory

The adjoint of a differential operator with general polynomial coefficients

Kleisli adjunction

Monoidal adjunction

Quillen adjunction

Axiom of adjunction in set theory

Adjunction (rule of inference)

Axiom of adjunction
In mathematical set theory, the axiom of adjunction states that for any two sets x, y there is a set w = x ∪ {y} given by "adjoining" the set y to the set x. It is stated as

Bernays (1937, page 68, axiom II (2)) introduced the axiom of adjunction as one of the axioms for a system of set theory that he introduced in about 1929.
It is a weak axiom, used in some weak systems of set theory such as general set theory or finitary set theory. The adjunction operation is also used as one of the operations of primitive recursive set functions.
Wraithborn
Wraithborn is an American comic book limited series by Joe Benitez and Marcia Chen, launched in November 2005. It is his largest body of work after his time as regular penciler on Top Cow's The Darkness.

Wraithborn was published by WildStorm under its Wildstorm Signature imprint, which replaced the Cliffhanger imprint.

Top Cow Productions
Top Cow Productions is an American comics publisher, an imprint of Image Comics. It was founded by Marc Silvestri in 1992. The company is known for publishing titles such as Cyberforce, The Darkness, Sunstone, Wanted, and Witchblade. It was the original publisher of Michael Turner's Fathom and published the first Tomb Raider comics.
NHL commissioner
The National Hockey League commissioner (French: Commissaire de la LNH) is the highest-ranking executive officer in the National Hockey League (NHL). The position was created in 1993; Gary Bettman was named the first commissioner and remains the only person to fill the position to date. Among other duties, the commissioner leads collective bargaining negotiations on behalf of the league and appoints officials for all NHL games.

Until 1993, the NHL's top executive was the league president, and for five months in 1993, the league had both a commissioner and a president. The roles were amalgamated on July 1, 1993. The presidency originated in the National Hockey Association (NHA), which Frank Calder presided over jointly as NHA acting president and NHL president in the period of the NHL's founding and the NHA's suspension.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
Ta' Kola Windmill
Ta' Kola Windmill, Maltese: Il-Mitħna ta' Kola, is a windmill in the village of Xagħra, on the island of Gozo in the Maltese archipelago. It was built in 1725 by the Fondazione Vilhena of Grand Master Manoel de Vilhena, and was rebuilt in the 1780s. It became a museum in 1992.

Like many other Maltese windmills, it has a round central tower surrounded by a number of rooms. The sails and milling machinery have been restored, as have the miller's living-quarters. The museum also contains a large collection of traditional tools, mostly for wood- and iron-working.: 221

António Manoel de Vilhena
António Manoel de Vilhena (28 May 1663 – 10 December 1736) was a Portuguese nobleman who was the 66th Prince and Grand Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem from 19 June 1722 to his death in 1736. Unlike a number of the other Grand Masters, he was benevolent and popular with the Maltese people. Vilhena is mostly remembered for the founding of Floriana, the construction of Fort Manoel and the Manoel Theatre, and the renovation of the city of Mdina.
Singapore Trade Office in Taipei
25°02′18″N 121°32′52″E﻿ / ﻿25.03833°N 121.54778°E﻿ / 25.03833; 121.54778

The Singapore Trade Office in Taipei (Chinese: 新加坡駐臺北商務辦事處; pinyin: Xīnjiāpō Zhù Táiběi Shāngwù Bànshì Chù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-pho chù Tâi-pak Siong-bū Pān-sū-chhù) is the representative office of Singapore in Taiwan located in Da'an District, Taipei, Taiwan.

It was first established in 1979 as the Trade Representative Office, before adopting its present name in 1990. The first trade representative was William Cheng.

Its counterpart body in Singapore is the Taipei Representative Office in Singapore.

William Cheng (civil servant)
William Cheng PPA(P) CPM (27 December 1928 – 10 November 2010) was a Singaporean civil servant, and the first trade representative of Singapore to Taiwan, from 1979 to 1988. Cheng was also the chairman of the Central Provident Fund Board from 1973 to 1979.
Sanjay Jaiswal
Dr. Sanjay Jaiswal (born 29 November 1965) is an Indian politician who has represented Paschim Champaran constituency of Bihar since 2009 as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), winning the seat in 2009, 2014, 2019 and 2024.  He served as the party president of the BJP in Bihar from September 2019 to 23 March 2023.

Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha constituency
Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency came into existence in 2008, following delimitation of the parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.
Armin Scheurer
Armin Scheurer (December 24, 1917 – August 27, 1990) was a Swiss athlete. He held nine national records for his nation. He also coached football. In 1950 he was Swiss Sports Personality of the Year.

He was a decathlete during his active career and competed in that discipline at the 1948 Summer Olympics, but failed to finish. He was fourth at the 1946 European Athletics Championships and fifth at the 1950 European Athletics Championships, managing sixth in the individual pole vault at the latter event.

1946 European Athletics Championships
The 3rd European Athletics Championships were held from 22 August to 25 August 1946 in the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. For the first time it was a combined event for men and women, and for the first time a city in Scandinavia hosted the championships.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.

Two of the women's medalists from France underwent sex change later.  Claire Brésolles became Pierre Brésolles, and Léa Caurla became Léon Caurla.
Dan O'Neill (hurler)
Daniel Gerard O'Neill (born 27 January 1973) is an Irish former hurler who played for Kilkenny Championship club Dicksboro and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. He lined out in a number of positions but usually at midfield.

1990 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1990 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 60th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928. The championship began on 12 May 1990 and ended on 3 September 1990.

Offaly entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Wexford in the Leinster quarter-final.

On 3 September 1990, Kilkenny won the championship following a 1–09 to 0–09 defeat of Cork in the All-Ireland final. This was their 14th All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1988.

Cork's Damien Fleming was the championship's top scorer with 7-27.
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist is an academic medical center and health system located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and part of Charlotte-based Advocate Health. It is the largest employer in Forsyth County, with more than 19,220 employees and a total of 198 buildings on 428 acres. In addition to the main, tertiary-care hospital in Winston-Salem known as Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, the Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Health system operates five community hospitals in the surrounding region. The entity includes:

Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, its clinical enterprise

Wake Forest School of Medicine, its research and education arm

Innovation Quarter, an operating division involved with partnerships, education, licensing and start-ups.

Bermuda Run, North Carolina
Bermuda Run is a town in Davie County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 3,120. The town rests on the western bank of the Yadkin River, linking Davie and Forsyth Counties. It was incorporated in 1999 as a fully gated residential community near country clubs and golf courses like the Bermuda Run Country Club, Oak Valley Golf Club, and Tanglewood Park. In 2000, the town annexed into neighboring Hillsdale, picking up a commercial district. In 2012, Kinderton Village was voluntarily annexed by the town of Bermuda Run. Bermuda Run is considered by the locals to be a mid-high class community and the second-most influential, behind nearby Oak Valley. While not of the entirety of the town limits, the northern core of the town is included in the Urban  Hanes Mall district.
Pilektuak Island
Pilektuak Island is an uninhabited island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Davis Strait, southeast of Baffin Island's Cumberland Peninsula and north of Auyuittuq National Park Reserve. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Rock Island, Nudlung Island, Kekertaluk Island, Satigsun Island, and Nedlukseak Island.

Davis Strait
Davis Strait (Danish: Davisstrædet; Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᖓ Qikiqtaaluup Ikinga) is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. To the north is Baffin Bay. The strait was named for English explorer John Davis (1550–1605), who sailed the area while seeking a route through the Northwest Passage, and by the 1650s it was used for whale hunting.
Cathedral of the Consolata, Tehran
The Cathedral of the Consolata (Persian: کلیسای جامع کنسولاتا), also called the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Tehran, is a Catholic Church building in the city of Tehran, Iran, in which the Latin or Roman rite is followed. The shrine is dedicated to Blessed Virgin Mary under her title of Our Lady of Consolation.

By contrast, it is not the Chaldean Catholic cathedral of Tehran, St. Joseph's Cathedral, where the Chaldean rite is followed. The cathedral is located near the Italian embassy in Tehran.

It is the main church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Teheran-Isfahan (Archidioecesis Teheranensis-Hispahanensis Latinorum), which was created in 1629 by Pope Urban VIII. Today, it is under the pastoral responsibility of Bishop Dominique Mathieu, O.F.M. Conv. Due to the diversity of nationalities of Christians in the city, it offers religious services in various languages.

Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; Italian: Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts, commissioning works from artists like Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and a reformer of Church missions. His papacy also covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War.

The massive debts incurred during his pontificate greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and was involved in the Galileo affair, which saw the astronomer tried for heresy. He is the last pope to date to take the papal name Urban.