hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyclamic acid
Cyclamic acid is a compound with formula  C6H13NO3S.

It is included in E number "E952".

Cyclamic acid is mainly used as catalyst in the production of paints and plastics, and furthermore as a reagent for laboratory usage.

The sodium and calcium salts of cyclamic acid are used as artificial sweeteners under the name cyclamate.

E number
E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU): 27  and European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added; In 1970 antioxidants were added; In 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.
Rejaul Karim Laskar
Rejaul Karim Laskar is an Indian politician and scholar of India's foreign policy. He is a former Congress ideologue and has written extensively on the policies of the United Progressive Alliance governments. He is also an eminent scholar of India's foreign policy and diplomacy with his scholarly work having been recognized as constituting a "a major contribution to contemporary diplomatic history" of India.

He is the former Secretary of AICC Vichar Vibhag (the Intellectual Department of the All India Congress Committee) and former Spokesperson of Assam Pradesh Congress Committee.

He has also served in the past, in the capacity of Observer (Minority Department) of the All India Congress Committee for the three states of Meghalaya, Nagaland and Mizoram.

Currently, he is the Director of the Centre for Advanced International Studies at the University of Science & Technology, Meghalaya, India.

Mukul Sangma
Mukul Manda Sangma (born 20 April 1965) is an Indian politician and physician who was the 11th Chief Minister of Meghalaya from 2010 to 2018 and also served  as leader of the house in legislative assembly and now currently leader of the opposition in the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly since July 2024. Sangma also served as Deputy Chief Minister of Meghalaya from 2009 to 2010, 2007 to 2008 and 2005 to 2005. He has been a member of the Trinamool Congress since November 2021; previously, he was a longtime member of the Indian National Congress.
Eddie Montalvo
Edwin "Eddie" Montalvo (born September 25, 1952) is an American percussionist and bandleader of Puerto Rican descent. Born and raised in the Bronx, He is best known for playing the congas for Hector Lavoe, Rubén Blades as well as with the Fania All-Stars.

Amor y Control
Amor y Control (transl. "Love and Control") is the eleventh studio album by Panamanian singer Rubén Blades and the sixth album with his Band Son Del Solar released on September 22, 1992 through CBS Records International. Featuring a variety of Caribbean and Latin American musical genres, which reached #14 on the Billboard Tropical/Salsa charts and received a nomination for Grammy Award for best Tropical Latin Album.

The album had three outstanding songs that are "Amor Y Control", "Adán García" and "Creo en Ti" which had a video clip, there is also a reversion of the song Baby's in Black" by the English rock pop band The Beatles originally released on December 4, 1964 for their Beatles for Sale album. The five singles from the album were "Creo en Tí", "Piensa en Mí", "West Indan Man", "Baby's in Black" and "El Apagón".
Baháʼí Faith in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Baháʼí Faith in the Democratic Republic of the Congo begins after ʻAbdu'l-Bahá wrote letters encouraging taking the religion to Africa in 1916. The first Baháʼí to settle in the country came in 1953 from Uganda. The first Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assembly of the country was elected in 1957. By 1963 there were 143 local assemblies in Congo. Even though the religion was temporarily banned, and the country torn by wars, the religion grew so that in 2003 there were some 541 assemblies. The Association of Religion Data Archives (relying mostly on the World Christian Encyclopedia) estimated some 290,900 Baháʼís in 2005.

Baháʼí Faith in Uganda
The Baháʼí Faith in Uganda started to grow in 1951 and four years later there were 500 Baháʼís in 80 localities, including 13 Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assemblies, representing 30 tribes, and had dispatched 9 pioneers to other African locations. Following the reign of Idi Amin when the Baháʼí Faith was banned and the murder of Baháʼí Hand of the Cause Enoch Olinga and his family, the community continues to grow though estimates of the population range widely from 19,000 to 105,000 and the community's involvements have included diverse efforts to promote the welfare of the Ugandan people. The Association of Religion Data Archives (relying on World Christian Encyclopedia) estimated about 78,500; however, National Population & Housing Census, 2014 recorded only 29,601.
Criticism of Islamism
The ideas and practices of the leaders, preachers, and movements of the Islamic revival movement known as Islamism (also referred to as Political Islam) have been criticized by non-Muslims and Muslims (often Islamic modernists and liberals).

Among those authors, scholars and leaders who have criticized Islamism, or some element of it, are Maajid Nawaz, Reza Aslan, Abdelwahab Meddeb, Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi, Khaled Abu al-Fadl, Gilles Kepel, Matthias Küntzel, Joseph E. B. Lumbard, Olivier Roy, and Indonesian Islamic group Nahdlatul Ulama.

Tenets of the Islamist movement that have come under criticism include: restrictions on freedom of expression to prevent apostasy from and insults to Islam; that Islam is not only a religion but a governing system; that historical Sharia, or Islamic law, is one, universal system of law, accessible to humanity, and necessary to enforcement for Islam to be truly practiced.

Matthias Küntzel
Matthias Küntzel (born 1955) is a German political scientist and historian. He was an external research associate at the Vidal Sassoon Center for the Study of Antisemitism (SICSA) at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem from 2004 to 2015. Currently, he is a member of the German Council on Foreign Relations DGAP and of the advisory board of UANI (United Against Nuclear Iran).
Luénoufla
Luénoufla is a village in central Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Bédiala, Daloa Department, Haut-Sassandra Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District.

Luénoufla was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Sassandra-Marahoué District
Sassandra-Marahoué District (French: District du  Sassandra-Marahoué, [sa.sɑ̃d.ʁa ma.ʁa.we]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the central part of the country. The capital of the district is Daloa.
United States Post Office (Rye, New York)
US Post Office-Rye is a historic post office building located at Rye in Westchester County, New York, United States. It was built in 1935 and designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect under the direction of Louis A. Simon.  It is a one-story symmetrical flat roofed building in the Colonial Revival style.  The front facade features a central, recessed entrance with broad limestone surround and shallow decorated cornice.  The lobby features a mural by Guy Pene du Bois painted in 1938 and titled "John Jay at His Home."

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The building was renamed the Caroline O'Day Post Office on October 23, 2010, in recognition of Congresswoman Caroline O'Day's public service.

Rye, New York
Rye is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States, within the New York City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, Rye had a population of 16,592. It received its charter as a city in 1942, making it the most recent such charter in the state. The city has an area of 5.85 square miles.

Rye is notable for its waterfront, and two National Historic Landmarks (NHLs). The first NHL is the Boston Post Road Historic District, designated in 1993. It is also the only National Historic Landmark District (NHLD) in Westchester County, and includes the Jay Estate, the childhood home and final resting place of John Jay, a Founding Father and the first Chief Justice of the United States, Marshlands Conservancy, Rye Golf Club, Lounsbury and the Jay Cemetery. The second NHL in Rye is Playland, a historic amusement park designated in 1987, which features one of the oldest wooden roller coasters in the Northeast, the Dragon Coaster.
Huai Yang railway station
Huai Yang railway station is a railway station located in Saeng Arun Subdistrict, Thap Sakae District, Prachuap Khiri Khan. It is a class 3 railway station located 329.079 km (204.5 mi) from Thon Buri railway station.

The station is located about 5 km (3.1 mi) from Wanakon Beach and 6 km (3.7 mi) from Huai Yang Waterfall. Thai minibuses and motorbike taxis are available to both of these attractions.

Thon Buri railway station
Thon Buri railway station (Thai: สถานีรถไฟธนบุรี) formerly known as Bangkok Noi railway station (สถานีรถไฟบางกอกน้อย), is a class 1 railway station and the current terminus of the Thon Buri Branch Line in Bangkok. Near the station is a railway depot that maintains five functional steam locomotives, which are operated on four special occasions each year. Thon Buri station is the only station in Bangkok that where railway semaphore signals (although unused) are still present on the station grounds.

Despite its name, the station is not located in Thon Buri district, which instead is located in Bangkok Noi district.
2002 All-SEC football team
The 2002 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by the Associated Press (AP) and the conference coaches for the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season.

The Georgia Bulldogs won the conference, beating the Arkansas Razorbacks 30 to 3 in the SEC Championship game.  The Bulldogs went on to defeat the Florida State Seminoles 26 to 13 in the Sugar Bowl.

Georgia defensive end David Pollack was voted both the coaches SEC Player of the Year and AP SEC Defensive Player of the Year. Kentucky running back Artose Pinner was voted the AP SEC Offensive Player of the Year.

2002 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
The 2002 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Houston Nutt, the Razorbacks compiled an overall record 9–5 with a mark of 5–3 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for second in the SEC's Western Division. Because Alabama, which had the best record in the SEC West at 6–2, was ineligible for postseason play, Arkansas shared the division title with the other second-place finishers, Auburn and LSU. The Razorbacks advanced to the SEC Championship Game, which they lost to Georgia. Arkansas was then invited to the Music City Bowl, where the Razorbacks were defeated by Minnesota. The team played home games at Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville, Arkansas and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock, Arkansas.
Zainuddin Kassim
Haji Zainuddin bin Haji Kassim is a Bruneian former national football player and current coach.

Zainuddin played as a striker for the Bruneian representative team in the Malaysia league in the 80s and 90s. He made several appearances for the national side, and scored a goal in a 1986 World Cup qualifier against Hong Kong.

Zainuddin became a football coach afterwards. After a coaching stint for Brunei's M-League side while still registered as a player in 1988, he took charge of the national team for 6 games at the 2002 World Cup qualifying. He then turned to club football in 2008 with AM Gunners, coaching them until 2011 when the season was aborted abruptly. He was appointed Brunei Under-19 head coach in 2011, followed by being Brunei Under-23 assistant coach in 2013.

In 2020, he was appointed assistant coach of the Brunei national football team headed by Ali Hj Mustafa.

1986 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC first round
The 1986 FIFA World Cup qualification AFC first round was part of the AFC qualifying tournament for the 1986 FIFA World Cup. 27 national teams were separated into an Eastern and Western zone where they were split into groups of 3 or 4, with the group winners progressing to the second round.

The teams which qualified for the second round were United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Syria, Bahrain, South Korea, Indonesia, Hong Kong and Japan.

India entered the World Cup qualifiers for the first time after 35 year wait. The last time they entered, they had directly qualified for the 1950 edition of the World Cup.
Elwyn Creek
Elwyn Creek is a tributary of Mess Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Stikine River in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It flows generally west for about 25 km (16 mi) to join Mess Creek about 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Mess Creek's confluence with Taweh Creek. Elwyn Creek's watershed covers 173 km2 (67 sq mi) and its mean annual discharge is estimated at 3.34 m3/s (118 cu ft/s). The mouth of Elwyn Creek is located about 16 km (9.9 mi) southeast of Telegraph Creek, about 60 km (37 mi) west-southwest of Iskut and about 93 km (58 mi) southwest of Dease Lake. Elwyn Creek's watershed's land cover is classified as 37.9% shrubland, 30.3% conifer forest, 15.2% barren, 7.6% snow/glacier, 7.1% herbaceous, and small amounts of other cover.

Elwyn Creek is in Mount Edziza Provincial Park which lies within the traditional territory of the Tahltan people.

Barren vegetation
Barren vegetation describes an area of land where plant growth may be sparse, stunted, and/or contain limited biodiversity. Environmental conditions such as toxic or infertile soil, high winds, coastal salt-spray, and climatic conditions are often key factors in poor plant growth and development. Barren vegetation can be categorized depending on the climate, geology, and geographic location of a specific area.

Pine barrens, coastal barrens, and serpentine barrens are some of the more distinct ecoregions for barren vegetation and are the most commonly researched by scientists. Often referred to as "heathlands", barrens can be excellent environments for unique biological diversity and taxonomic compositions.
SS Mona's Isle (1905)
SS Mona's Isle was a steam turbine passenger ship that was built in Scotland in 1905 as Onward, renamed Mona's Isle in 1920, and scrapped in Wales in 1948. She was designed as an English Channel ferry for the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR), who operated her between Folkestone and Boulogne. In 1920 the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company (IoMSP) bought her and renamed her Mona's Isle. The IoMSP ran her mainly on summer services linking Douglas with Dublin and Belfast. She was the fourth IoMSP ship to be called Mona's Isle.

In 1918 Onward caught fire in Folkestone Harbour, and was saved by being scuttled. In 1920 she was raised, which was when the IOMSPCo bought her to replace ships lost during the First World War. In 1940 Mona's Isle was the first ship to complete a round trip during the Dunkirk evacuation, rescuing a total of 2,634 troops.

Douglas, Isle of Man
Douglas (Manx: Doolish, pronounced [ˈdðuːlʲəʃ]) is the capital city and largest settlement of the Isle of Man, with a population of 26,677 (2021) and an area of 4.1 square miles (10.5 km2). It is located at the mouth of the River Douglas, and on a sweeping bay of two miles (three kilometres). The River Douglas forms part of the city's harbour and main commercial port.

Douglas was a small settlement until it grew rapidly as a result of links with the English port of Liverpool in the 18th century. Further population growth came in the following century, resulting during the 1860s in a staged transfer of the High Courts, the Lieutenant Governor's residence (actually located in nearby Onchan), and finally the seat of the legislature, Tynwald, to Douglas from the ancient capital, Castletown.

The city is the island's main hub for business, finance, legal services, shipping, transport, shopping, and entertainment. The annual Isle of Man TT motorcycle races start and finish in Douglas.
ORP Kurp
ORP Kurp was a Polish submarine of the Cold War era, originally the Soviet M-246, one of six Soviet M-class submarines leased to Poland. With a displacement of 283 tons surfaced and 353 tons submerged, its primary armament consisted of four 533 mm torpedoes launched from four internal torpedo tubes. The submarine achieved a surface speed exceeding 15 knots, with a range of 4,500 nautical miles at 8 knots.

Launched on 24 July 1949 at the Sudomekh Shipyard in Leningrad, the submarine was commissioned into the Soviet Navy on 16 November 1949, assigned to the Baltic Fleet. Leased to Poland in 1955, it was commissioned into the Polish Navy on 27 May of that year. Bearing the pennant numbers M-105, P-105, and later 306, the submarine was withdrawn from service on 31 December 1966 after intensive use and was subsequently scrapped.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
Vanniyar
The Vanniyar, formerly known as the Palli, are a community or jāti found in the northern part of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

The Vanniyars were historically considered a lower caste, although some were peasant-warriors in the 14th century. The Palli, along with the Paraiyar, were largely employed as agricultural labourers during British rule, although some were smallholders and minor landowners. They have been trying to gain a higher socio-religious standing since the 19th century, using the Sanskritisation process to promote a myth of origin that they are related to the ancient Agnikula deity, born from the flames of a fire sacrifice.

Origin myth
An origin myth is a type of myth that explains the beginnings of a natural or social aspect of the world. Creation myths are a type of origin myth narrating the formation of the universe. However, numerous cultures have stories that take place after the initial origin. These stories aim to explain the origins of natural phenomena or human institutions within an already existing world. In Greco-Roman scholarship, the terms founding myth or etiological myth (from Ancient Greek: αἴτιον aition 'cause') are occasionally used to describe a myth that clarifies an origin, particularly how an object or custom came into existence.

In modern political discourse the terms "founding myth",  "foundational myth", etc. are often used as critical references to official or widely accepted narratives about the origins (or early history) of a nation, a society, or a culture.
Amir Shahi Sabzavari
Amir Shahi Sabzavari (also spelled Sabzevari, Sabzawari; died 1453) was a Persian poet who flourished in 15th-century Timurid Iran. He was descended from the Sarbadars of Sabzevar.

He composed a response to the opening ghazal of Hafez's divan. He died in Astarabad (present-day Gorgan), and was buried in the family shrine in Sabzevar.

Diwan (poetry)
A diwan (from Persian دیوان divân [d̪iːˈvɒːn]; Arabic pronunciation: [diːˈwaːn]) is a collection of poems by a single author – usually excluding the poet's long poems – in Islamic cultures of West Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, Sicily and South Asia.

The vast majority of Diwan poetry was lyric in nature: either ghazals (or gazels, which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition) or kasîdes. There were, however, other common genres, most particularly the mesnevî—a kind of verse romance and thus a variety of narrative poetry; the two most notable examples of this form are the Layla and Majnun (ليلى و مجنون) of Fuzûlî and the Hüsn ü Aşk (حسن و عشق – 'Beauty and Love') of Şeyh Gâlib.

Originating in Persian literature, the idea spread to the Arab, Turkic and Indic worlds, and the term was sometimes used in Europe, albeit not always in the same way.
USS Notable (MSO-460)
USS Notable (AM-460/MSO-460) was an Aggressive-class minesweeper acquired by the U.S. Navy for the task of removing mines that had been placed in the water to prevent the safe passage of ships.

The second Notable (MSO-460) was laid down 8 June 1953 by Higgins, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana; launched 15 October 1954 sponsored by Mrs. deLesseps G. Morrison, wife of the Mayor of New Orleans; and commissioned 8 June 1955.

United States Second Fleet
The United States Second Fleet is a numbered fleet in the United States Navy responsible for operations in the East Coast and North Atlantic Ocean. Established after World War II, Second Fleet was deactivated in 2011, when the United States government believed that Russia's military threat had diminished, and reestablished in 2018 amid renewed tensions between NATO and Russia.

Second Fleet's area of responsibility includes about 6,700,000 square miles (17,000,000 km2) of the Atlantic Ocean from the North Pole to the Caribbean and from the shores of the United States to the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Second Fleet's United States West Coast counterpart was United States First Fleet from the immediate post-World War II years until 1973, and United States Third Fleet from 1973.

In 2011, Second Fleet oversaw about 126 ships, 4,500 aircraft, and 90,000 personnel homeported at U.S. Navy installations along the United States East Coast.
Kosmos 1348
Kosmos 1348 (Russian: Космос 1348 meaning Cosmos 1348) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1982 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1348 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 13:42 UTC on 7 April 1982. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1982-029A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 13124.

International Designator
The International Designator is an international identifier assigned to artificial objects in space. It consists of the launch year, a three-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a three-letter code representing the sequential identifier of a piece in a launch. In TLE format the first two digits of the year and the dash are dropped.
For example, 1990-037A is the Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-31, which carried the Hubble Space Telescope (1990-037B) into space. This launch was the 37th known successful launch worldwide in 1990.