hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Innovation Norway
Innovation Norway (Norwegian: Innovasjon Norge) is a state-owned company and a national development bank.

The company's programs and services are intended to stimulate entrepreneurship in Norway. Its head office is in Oslo, and it has offices in each of the Norwegian counties. It also has offices in 30 countries around the world. The company has over 500 employees worldwide and has supported maritime transportation, biotechnology, thin film, and alternative fuel.

Alternative fuel
Alternative fuels, also known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are fuels derived from sources other than petroleum. Alternative fuels include gaseous fossil fuels like propane, natural gas, methane, and ammonia; biofuels like biodiesel, bioalcohol, and refuse-derived fuel; and other renewable fuels like hydrogen and electricity.

These fuels are intended to substitute for more carbon intensive energy sources like gasoline and diesel in transportation and can help to contribute to decarbonization and reductions in pollution. Alternative fuel is also shown to reduce non-carbon emissions such as the release of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, as well as sulfur dioxide and other harmful gases in the exhaust. This is especially important in industries such as mining, where toxic gases can accumulate more easily.
Year of three popes
A year of three popes is a year when the College of Cardinals of the Catholic Church is required to elect two new popes within the same calendar year, in particular the last instance in 1978. Such a year has historically occurred when a newly elected pope dies very early into his papacy. This results in the Catholic Church being led by three different popes during the same calendar year. In one instance, in 1276, there was a year of four popes.

College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals (Latin: Collegium Cardinalium), also called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. As of 19 February 2026, there are 244 cardinals, of whom 121 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Appointed by the pope, cardinals serve for life, but become ineligible to participate in a papal conclave if they turn 80 before a papal vacancy occurs.

Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900, nearly half of whom were created after 1655. This number excludes possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty.
Javier Spencer
Javier Spencer (born 28 March 2000) is an Antiguan cricketer. He made his List A debut for the West Indies Under-19s in the 2016–17 Regional Super50 on 27 January 2017. In May 2018, he was selected to play for the Guyana national cricket team in the Professional Cricket League draft, ahead of the 2018–19 season. In October 2019, he was named in the Leeward Islands' squad for the 2019–20 Regional Super50 tournament.

West Indies under-19 cricket team
The West Indies under-19 cricket team represents the countries of Cricket West Indies in international under-19 cricket. The West Indies is one of only five teams to have participated in every edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup, along with England, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

The Windies U19 got to the final of the 2004 World Cup held in Bangladesh, where they were runners-up to Pakistan. The Caribbean side eventually won the tournament for the first time in 2016, defeating India in the final, again held in Bangladesh.
Jean-Paul Deschatelets
Jean-Paul Deschatelets PC QC (October 9, 1912 – December 11, 1986) was a Canadian parliamentarian.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, he was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1953 as a Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Maisonneuve—Rosemont. He was re-elected in 1957, 1958, 1962, and 1963. He was Minister of Public Works from 1963 to 1965.

In 1966, he was appointed to the Senate representing the senatorial division of Lauzon, Quebec. He resigned in January 1986.  He was the Speaker of the Senate of Canada from 1968 to 1972.

After his death in 1986, he was entombed at the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery in Montreal.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Volynka
The volynka (Ukrainian: волинка, коза; Russian: волынка; Crimean Tatar: tulup zurna – see also duda, and koza) is a bagpipe. Its etymology comes from the region Volyn, Ukraine, where it was borrowed from Romania.

The volynka is constructed around a goat skin air reservoir into which air is blown through a pipe with a valve to stop air escaping. (Modern concert instruments often have a reservoir made from a basketball bladder). A number of playing pipes [two to four] extend from the reservoir holding the air. The main playing pipe on which the melody is played has five to seven, sometimes eight finger holes. The other pipes produce a drone. This is usually either a single tonic note or a perfect fifth. Each of these playing pipes has a double reed usually made from a goose quill. In the 20th century this instrument has lost the popularity it had previously, and is rarely used today in an authentic context.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
University Medical Center New Orleans
University Medical Center New Orleans (UMCNO) is a 446-bed non-profit, public, research and academic hospital located in the Tulane - Gravier neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, providing tertiary care for the southern Louisiana region and beyond. University Medical Center New Orleans is one of the region's only university-level academic medical centers. The hospital is operated by the LCMC Health System and is the largest hospital in the system. UMCNO is affiliated with the LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Tulane University School of Medicine, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Delgado Community College, Dillard University, Our Lady of Holy Cross College, Southern University at New Orleans, and Xavier University of Louisiana. UMCNO is also an ACS designated level I trauma center and has a rooftop helipad to handle medevac patients.

University of Louisiana at Monroe
The University of Louisiana at Monroe (ULM) is a public university in Monroe, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the University of Louisiana System. It is made up of four colleges: the College of Business and Social Sciences; College of Pharmacy; College of Arts, Education and Sciences; and College of Health Sciences. ULM enrolled 8,678 students in fall 2025, including 1,680 graduate students.
The New American Diet
The New American Diet (Rodale, 2009) is a diet book about the effects of "obesogens" on the human body, along with a prescriptive diet plan to reverse what the authors call "The Obesogen Effect." Author Stephen Perrine (former editorial creative director of Men's Health, and former editor-in-chief of Best Life) and co-author Heather Hurlock (former health editor of Best Life) research and discuss the link between obesogens and the American obesity crisis, as well as increases in rates of diabetes, depression, heart disease, declining birth rates and sperm counts, and autism.

Obesogens are described as natural and artificial endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in the food and water supply.

Men's Health
Men's Health (MH), published by Hearst, is the world's largest men's magazine brand, with 35 editions in 59 countries; it is the bestselling men's magazine on American newsstands.

Started as a men's health magazine by Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, the magazine currently covers various men's lifestyle topics such as fitness, nutrition, fashion and sexuality. The magazine's website, MensHealth.com, averages over 118 million page views a month.
Badalamenti
Badalamenti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Badalamenti (1937–2022), American arranger and composer

Gaetano Badalamenti (1923–2004), Italian mobster, father of Vito

Vincent Badalamenti (born 1958), American mobster

Vito Badalamenti (born 1957), Italian mobster, son of Gaetano

Vito Badalamenti
Vito Badalamenti (Italian pronunciation: [ˈviːto badalaˈmenti]; born 29 April 1957) is a member of the Sicilian Mafia. He was on the "Italy's most wanted list" from 1995 until 2012 when the statute of limitations was declared expired.
2012 Speedway World Cup
The 2012 FIM Speedway World Cup (SWC) was the twelfth FIM Speedway World Cup, the annual international speedway world championship tournament. It took place between 7 July and 14 July 2012 and involved eight national teams. Six teams were seeded through to the tournament and two qualification rounds were held in April and May 2012 to determine the final place. As host nation, Sweden were seeded to the final.

Målilla
Målilla (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmôːˌlɪlːa]) is a locality in Hultsfred Municipality, Kalmar County, Sweden with 1,524 inhabitants in 2010.

It is commonly known as the temperature capital of Sweden due to both high and low temperature records being set there. A Swedish record high temperature of +38 °C (100.4 °F) was set on June 29, 1947. This record is shared with Ultuna in Uppland. The lowest temperature recorded is −33.8 °C, one of the lowest ever recorded in southern Sweden.

Due to its fame for the extremes in temperature, the center of the town's main roundabout features a 15 metre high thermometer. Shortly after its construction in December 2000, it was hit by a motorist and its bulb had to be replaced.
A Heart Full of Love (For a Handful of Kisses)
"A Heart Full of Love (For a Handful of Kisses)" is a 1948 single by Eddy Arnold.

Written by Arnold, Steve Nelson and Ray Soehnel, the song was Arnold's eighth number one, where it spent one week at the top of the Best Seller lists.  The b-side of "A Heart Full of Love (For a Handful of Kisses)", is a song titled, "Then I Turned and Slowly Walked Away" hit number four on the Folk Best Seller lists.

Eddy Arnold
Richard Edward Arnold (May 15, 1918 – May 8, 2008) was an American country music singer. He was a Nashville sound (country/popular music) innovator of the late 1950s, and scored 147 songs on the Billboard country music charts, second only to George Jones. He sold more than 85 million records. A member of the Grand Ole Opry (beginning 1943) and the Country Music Hall of Fame (beginning 1966), Arnold ranked 22nd on Country Music Television's 2003 list of "The 40 Greatest Men of Country Music."
Geophilus persephones
Geophilus persephones is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede was discovered in a cave in southern France. This species is named for Persephone, the queen of the underworld in Greek mythology, and was the first troglomorphic centipede in the order Geophilomorpha to be discovered and remains one of only a few known in this order.  This centipede features only 29 pairs of legs and is one of only two species in the family Geophilidae (and one of only six species in the order Geophilomorpha) found with so few legs.

Maxilla (arthropod mouthpart)
In arthropods, the maxillae (singular maxilla) are paired structures present on the head as mouthparts in members of the clade Mandibulata, used for tasting and manipulating food. Embryologically, the maxillae are derived from the 4th and 5th segment of the head and the maxillary palps; segmented appendages extending from the base of the maxilla represent the former leg of those respective segments. In most cases, two pairs of maxillae are present and in different arthropod groups the two pairs of maxillae have been variously modified. In crustaceans, the first pair are called maxillulae (singular maxillula).

Modified coxae at the base of the pedipalps in spiders are also called "maxillae", although they are not homologous with mandibulate maxillae.
Tennis at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games – Men's singles
The men's singles tennis event at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games took place at the American Memorial Park and Pacific Islands Club in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands from 19 to 24 June 2022.

Northern Mariana's Colin Sinclair defeated Papua New Guinea's Matthew Stubbings, 6–0, 6–1, to win the gold medal in Men's Singles tennis at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games. In the bronze medal match, Fiji's William O'Connell beat Tahiti's Gillian Osmont, 6–2, 77–63.

Colin Sinclair (tennis)
Colin Sinclair (born December 19, 1994) is an American tennis player representing the Northern Mariana Islands.
He achieved a career best singles ranking of world No. 340 on 18 September 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 200 on 10 April 2023.

Sinclair has won four ATP Challenger and eight ITF Tour doubles titles. Additionally, he has won three singles ITF titles. 
He represents the Northern Mariana Islands in Davis Cup as part of the Pacific Oceania team since 2017 and has a career record of 18–5 (13–3 in singles, 5–2 in doubles) in the competition.
1875 Maryland gubernatorial election
The 1875 Maryland gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 1875.

Incumbent Democratic Governor James Black Groome did not seek re-election, having withdrawn his name from consideration prior to the Democratic state convention.

Democratic candidate John Lee Carroll defeated Republican candidate James Morrison Harris.

James Black Groome
James Black Groome (April 4, 1838 – October 5, 1893), a member of the United States Democratic Party, was the 36th Governor of Maryland in the United States from 1874 to 1876.  He was also a member of the United States Senate, representing Maryland, from 1879 to 1885.
Liroceras
Liroceras is a genus of nautiloid cephalopod. It is the type genus of the clydonautiliacean family, Liroceratidae, and is characterized by a rapidly expanding, subglobular, nautiliconic shell with a reniform whorl section, small umbilicus, essentially straight sutures, and a siphuncle with a variable but not marginal position.

Liroceras has a temporal range from the Mississippian to the Permian period, the longest of the Liroceratidae. It has been found in North America, Europe, China and the East Indies. A similar genus, Condraoceras, differs in having a circular cross section and shallow ventral and lateral lobes. Another, Bistrialites, also has a reniform whorl section but differs in having a large funnel-shaped umbilicus.

Clydonautiloidea
The Clydonautiloidea are a superfamily within the nautiloid order Nautilida characterized by  smooth, generally globular, shells with nearly straight sutures, in early forms, but developing  highly differentiated sutures in some later forms. Where known, the siphuncle tends to be central to subcentral.

The Clydonautiloidea, name based on Hyatt's Clydonautilidae of 1900, are more or less the Liroceratina of Shimansky 1962.
The New Order (band)
The New Order was an American hard rock and protopunk band. The band was based in Los Angeles and existed from early 1975 to October 1976.

Though the group was short-lived and never released a proper full-length album, they are known for being led by guitarist Ron Asheton of The Stooges.

Proto-punk
Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

The tendency towards aggressive, raw, simplistic rock songs is a trend rooted in the earliest forms of rock and roll. The American garage rock movement of the mid-1960s is a key influence in the development of punk rock. By the late 1960s, Detroit bands the Stooges and MC5 had taken the influence of garage groups to form a distinct prototypical punk sound. In the following years, this sound spread both domestically and internationally,  alongside glam rock and pub rock, into several regional early underground punk scenes in New York, Ohio, Australia and England.
Three Days to Never
Three Days to Never is a 2006 fantasy novel by Tim Powers. As with most of Powers' novels, it proposes a secret history in which real events have supernatural causes and prominent historical figures have been involved in supernatural or occult activities.  The novel was shortlisted for the Locus Fantasy Award in 2007 as well as the Mythopoeic Fantasy Award for Adult Literature in the same year.

Locus Award
The Locus Awards are an annual set of literary awards voted on by readers of the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus, a monthly magazine based in Oakland, California. The awards are presented at an annual banquet.

Originally a poll of Locus subscribers only, voting is now open to anyone, but the votes of subscribers count twice as much as the votes of non-subscribers. The award was inaugurated in 1971, and was originally intended to provide suggestions and recommendations for the Hugo Awards. They have come to be considered a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction regards the Locus Awards as sharing the stature of the Hugo and Nebula Awards.

Gardner Dozois holds the record for the most wins (43), while Neil Gaiman has won the most awards for works of fiction (18). Robert Silverberg has received the  highest number of nominations (158).
Damiana da Cunha
Damiana da Cunha (1779–1831) was a cacique of the Kayapo people in what is now Brazil. She was also a colonial-era captain major and sertanista who was an important political figure in Colonial Brazil in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Her position as a cultural mediator between the Indigenous peoples and the Portuguese is highlighted in the historiography of Indigenous women for its historical importance, comparable to those of Bartira, Catarina Paraguaçu and Clara Camarão.

Cacique
A cacique, sometimes spelled as cazique (Latin American Spanish: [kaˈsike]; Portuguese: [kɐˈsikɨ, kaˈsiki]; feminine form: cacica), was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, who were the Indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles at the time of European contact  with those places. The term is a Spanish transliteration of the Taíno word kasike.

Cacique was initially translated as "king" or "prince" for the Spanish. In the colonial era, the conquistadors and the  administrators who followed them used the word generically to refer to any leader of practically any indigenous group they encountered in the Western Hemisphere. In Hispanic and Lusophone countries, the term has also come to mean a political boss, similar to a caudillo, exercising power in a system of caciquism.
Romans in sub-Saharan Africa
Between the first century BC and the fourth century AD, several expeditions and explorations to Lake Chad and western Africa were conducted by groups of military and commercial units of Romans who moved across the Sahara and into the interior of Africa and its coast. However, there was a more significant Roman and Greek presence in modern-day Eritrea and Ethiopia. The primary motivation for the expeditions was to secure sources of gold and spices from Axumite piracies.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
San Bernardino Community College District
The San Bernardino Community College District (SBCCD) is a public community college system in Crafton Hills College and San Bernardino Valley College in southern California. It part of the California Community Colleges System.

Since 1926, SBCCD has served residents of Big Bear, Bloomington, Calimesa, Colton, California, Grand Terrace, Highland, Lake Arrowhead, Loma Linda, Redlands, Rialto, San Bernardino and Yucaipa. SBCCD also educates and informs residents of all ages through Empire KVCR (FM), the NPR and PBS affiliate station for Inland Southern California on 91.9 FM and TV channel 24.

Grand Terrace, California
Grand Terrace is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 13,150 at the 2020 census, up from 12,040 at the 2010 census. Grand Terrace is located between Highgrove and Colton, along the I-215 and Agua Mansa industrial corridors. The city is located between two mountain ridges: Blue Mountain to the east and the La Loma Hills to the west.
1931 Colgate football team
The 1931 Colgate football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1931 college football season. In its third season under head coach Andrew Kerr, the team compiled an 8–1 record, shut out five of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 227 to 34.

End John Orsi was selected by the International News Service (INS), All-America Board, and Walter Camp Football Foundation (WCFF) as a first-team player on the 1931 All-America team. He was also selected as a second-team All-American by  was the Associated Press (AP) and Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA). He was selected by the AP and UP as a first-team player on the 1931 All-Eastern football team. He was also selected as the team captain.

The team played its home games on Whitnall Field in Hamilton, New York.

1931 All-America college football team
The 1931 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers who chose All-America college football teams in 1931. The seven selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1931 season are (1) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (2) the Associated Press, (3) the United Press, (4) the All-America Board, (5) the International News Service (INS), (6) Liberty magazine, and (7) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA).