hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intel Level Up
The Intel Level Up was a series of annual video game competitions organised by Intel to support independent video game development, with winning games receiving monetary rewards in addition to the award. The first competition, titled the Intel Game Demo Contest, was held in 2006. It was restarted in 2009 as the Intel Level Up Game Developer Contest. The competition has not been held after 2017.

A distinctive feature of the contest was the participation of game-industry luminaries as judges. At different times, the judges were Sid Meier, Will Wright, Chris Avellone, Todd Howard, Tim Schafer, Chris Taylor, etc.

Kate Edwards
Kate Edwards (born c. 1965) is a geographer, writer, and content culturalization strategist, most active in information-based cartography and video game content. She was the executive director of the International Game Developers Association from December 2012 to June 2017. Edwards spent over a decade working in various roles at Microsoft, creating the Geopolitical Strategy team and working to evaluate and manage geopolitical and cultural content in software products. After leaving Microsoft she founded Englobe (now Geogrify) as a consulting firm engaged in content culturalization and strategy, primarily for the video game industry.
Wein
Wein means grape, vine, wine in German and Yiddish (װײַנ).

According to Nelly Weiss, Wein- style family names originated from signboards (house sign, house shield) in Jewish communities.

Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Wein (1915–1991), American sculptor

Berel Wein (1934–2025), Orthodox rabbi

Desiderius Wein (1873–1944), Hungarian doctor and gymnast

Elizabeth E. Wein (born 1964),  American author residing in Scotland

George Wein (1925–2021), jazz pianist

Glynis Wein (born 1949), colorist in the comics industry, first wife of Len

Len Wein (1948–2017), American comic book writer

Len Wein
Leonard Norman Wein (/wiːn/; June 12, 1948 – September 10, 2017) was an American comic book writer and editor best known for co-creating DC Comics' Swamp Thing and Marvel Comics' Wolverine, and for helping revive the Marvel superhero team the X-Men (including the co-creation of Nightcrawler, Storm, and Colossus). Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons' influential DC miniseries Watchmen.

Wein was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2008.
Habibie & Ainun
Habibie & Ainun is a 2012 Indonesian biographical drama film produced by Manoj Punjabi and Dhamoo Punjabi of MD Pictures. Starring Reza Rahadian, Bunga Citra Lestari and Tio Pakusadewo, the film is based on the memoir written by the 3rd President of the Republic of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie about his wife, Hasri Ainun Habibie, also named "Habibie and Ainun".

The film, released on 20 December 2012, drew the largest theatrical audience to date in Indonesian cinema history with 4.7 million viewers. It also became MD Pictures' highest grossing film produced to date.

The film was followed by a prequel, Rudy Habibie in 2016, with Rahadian reprising his role.

Manoj Punjabi
Manoj Dhamoo Punjabi (born 7 December 1972) is an Indonesian film and television producer. Born in a prominent Indian-Indonesian entertainment business family, he co-founded and is the CEO of MD Entertainment (Multi Dimensia Entertainment, also known as Manoj Dhamoo Entertainment, named after him and his father and founded by them along with Manoj's wife Shania as MD Media), the largest film production house in Indonesia and one of the domestic film company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Manoj produced KKN di Desa Penari (2022), the highest-grossing film of Indonesia and has produced 7 of the top 20 highest-grossing Indonesian films. He has also produced soap operas, music, animation and web content.

Punjabi is noted for his role in the revival of Indonesian horror in the 21st-century.
2003 J&S Cup – Doubles
Jelena Kostanić and Henrieta Nagyová were the defending champions, but they both chose not to compete that year.

Liezel Huber and Magdalena Maleeva won in the final 3–6, 6–4, 6–2 against Eleni Daniilidou and Francesca Schiavone.

Magdalena Maleeva
Magdalena Georgieva Maleeva (Bulgarian: Магдалена Георгиева Малеева, pronounced [mɐɡdɐˈlɛnɐ mɐˈlɛɛvɐ]; born 1 April 1975) is a Bulgarian former professional tennis player. Her best WTA singles ranking was world No. 4. She played on the WTA Tour competing in singles and doubles, from April 1989 to October 2005 and has won ten career singles titles.
Martin Szipál
Martin Szipál (born Szipál Márton; 6 May 1924 – 26 April 2016), also known as Martin S. Martin, was a Hungarian American photographer, most noted for his portrait photography of movie stars and celebrities.

Hungarian Americans
Hungarian Americans (Hungarian: amerikai magyarok, pronounced [ˈɒmɛrikɒji ˈmɒɟɒrok]) are Americans of Hungarian descent. The U.S. Census Bureau has estimated that there are approximately 1.396 million Americans of Hungarian descent as of 2018. The total number of people with ethnic Hungarian background is estimated to be around 4 million. The largest concentration is in the Greater Cleveland Metropolitan Area in Northeast Ohio. At one time, the presence of Hungarians within Cleveland proper was so great that the city was known as the "American Debrecen," with one of the highest concentrations of Hungarians in the world.
Treaty of Valognes
The Treaty of Valognes was a treaty signed on 10 September 1355 between Charles II of Navarre and John II of France. It was designed to unite the two kings against Edward III of England in preparation for a continuation of the Hundred Years' War. Charles and John had until then been at odds over Charles' claim to the French throne.

On 22 February 1354, by the Treaty of Mantes, John first came to terms with Charles, even though the latter had helped to assassinate the French king's constable, Charles de la Cerda. The peace did not last between the two and Charles eventually struck up an alliance with Henry of Grosmont, the first Duke of Lancaster. But the next year he signed a treaty with John at Valognes. This second peace hardly lasted longer than the first.

Duke of Lancaster
The dukedom of Lancaster is a former English peerage, created three times in the Middle Ages, which finally merged in the Crown when Henry V succeeded to the throne in 1413. Despite the extinction of the dukedom the title has continued to be used to refer to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom in relation to the County Palatine of Lancaster and the Duchy of Lancaster, an estate held separately from the Crown Estate for the benefit of the sovereign.
Donald McNabb
Donald McNabb (February 1870 – June 18, 1934) was a politician from Alberta, Canada.

In 1890 he helped form a committee to raise money to buy books, periodicals and furnishings for the Miner's Library in Lethbridge.

McNabb was the first member of a third party to be elected to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta serving as a Labor member. He was elected by acclamation in January 1909 by-election for Lethbridge.

During his time in the Legislative Assembly he accomplished another first in Alberta. Bill 8 An Act to amend the Lethbridge Charter was the first introduced from the opposition and a third party to receive Royal Assent in the legislature. He also introduced a second bill in the same legislative sitting to get assent, Bill 10 An Act respecting the Galt Hospital.

In the 1909 general election, McNabb ran as a Labour candidate in the new Lethbridge City riding, but was unsuccessful.

In 1912, he chaired the meeting that formed the Alberta Federation of Labour.

Alberta Federation of Labour
The Alberta Federation of Labour (AFL) is the Alberta provincial trade union federation of the Canadian Labour Congress. It has a membership of approximately 170,000 from 26 affiliated unions.

The AFL was founded in 1912, when mining workers and tradespeople in Lethbridge organized to demand the establishment of occupational health and safety regulations in Alberta's coal fields which, at the time, had the highest workplace mortality rates in the world.

Today, the federation continues its tradition of advocacy on issues it perceives to be of concern to working people. Often these issues relate directly to the workplace, but sometimes they relate to broader social issues such as education, pensions, energy policy and public health care.
Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth
Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth
(mid-18th century – 1818; Hebrew: חיים מרדכי מרגליות‎) was a Polish rabbi,  best known as the author of the halachic work Sha'are Teshuvah.

He studied under his uncle Sender Margolioth; and is the brother of Ephraim Solomon Margolioth.
He was at first Rabbi at Brestitzki, and later became Rabbi in Greater Dubno, where he established a printing press. 
He was among those who elected the three deputies sent to St. Petersburg to confer with the government upon Jewish affairs. 
He died at Dunajowce in 1818.

Sha'are Teshuvah (שערי תשובה, Entry to Responsa), is a commentary to the Orach Chaim section of Shulchan Aruch and is published in most editions of the Shulchan Aruch. It contains extracts from other works – functioning as a digest of material from the responsa literature – along with the author's own insights.
It was completed posthumously by his brother.

Torah study
Torah study is the study of the Torah, Hebrew Bible, Talmud, responsa, rabbinic literature, and similar works, all of which are Judaism's religious texts. According to Rabbinic Judaism, the study is done for the purpose of the mitzvah ("commandment") of Torah study itself.

This practice is present to an extent in all religious branches of Judaism, and is considered of paramount importance among religious Jews. Torah study has evolved over the generations, as lifestyles changed and also as new texts were written.
STS-61-J
STS-61-J was a canceled launch of NASA Space Shuttle Atlantis, planned for August 1986 to launch the Hubble Space Telescope. It was canceled due to the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster earlier in the year. The crew members were to be John W. Young, Charles F. Bolden Jr., Bruce McCandless II, Steven A. Hawley, and Kathryn D. Sullivan. All of the crew members except John Young, who was reassigned to an administrative position, later flew on the STS-31 mission. Young was replaced by Loren J. Shriver for STS-31.

Bruce McCandless II
Bruce McCandless II (born Byron Willis McCandless; June 8, 1937 – December 21, 2017) was an American Navy officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. In 1984, during the first of his two Space Shuttle missions, he completed the first untethered spacewalk by using the Manned Maneuvering Unit.
Crazy Faith
Crazy Faith is the fifth studio album by John Waller. City of Peace Media released the album on August 21, 2015. It is essentially a re-release of 2014's Life is a Gift, containing 9 of its 10 tracks. Added to this album is the "Movie Version" of the title track and three live tracks. The title track was featured in War Room.

War Room (film)
War Room is a 2015 American Christian drama film directed by Alex Kendrick and written by him and Stephen Kendrick. It is the Kendrick brothers' fifth film and their first through their subsidiary, Kendrick Brothers Productions. The film was produced by Provident Films, Affirm Films and TriStar Pictures in partnership with the Kendrick brothers. The film stars Priscilla Shirer, T.C. Stallings, Karen Abercrombie, Alex Kendrick, and Michael Jr.

The film was released by Sony Pictures Releasing in North American theaters on August 28, 2015, and received generally negative reviews from film critics, while Christian media critics gave mostly positive reviews, and became a box office success and a sleeper hit, grossing $74 million worldwide including $67.8 million domestically to become the 7th highest-grossing Christian film in the United States. A spin-off titled The Forge (also made by the Kendrick Brothers), was released on August 23, 2024.
Joseph Ravaisou
Joseph Ravaisou (11 November 1865 – 22 December 1925) was a French landscape painter.

Ravaisou was born on 11 November 1865, in Bandol, Var. In 1878, he moved to Aix-en-Provence to work as a school teacher, and subsequently became a music conductor and a music critic.

After seeing an exhibition in Paris with paintings by Camille Pissarro and Claude Monet, he returned to Aix and worked alongside Louise Germain. From 1899 to 1902, he also worked with Paul Cézanne, whom he admired. He died at Aix, on 22 December 1925, aged 70.

Some of his works are kept in the Musée Granet in Aix-en-Provence, as well as in Marseille, Martigues and Paris.

Bandol
Bandol (French pronunciation: [bɑ̃dɔl]; Occitan: Bandòu) is a commune in Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, southeastern France. Bandol and the seat of its eponymous commune, was founded in 1595 and built around a small military fort.
Wilkowo Wielkie
Wilkowo Wielkie [vilˈkɔvɔ ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Barciany, 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn, and 68 km (42 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
World Chess Championship 1984–1985
The World Chess Championship 1984–1985 was a match between challenger Garry Kasparov and defending champion Anatoly Karpov at the Pillar Hall of House of the Unions, Moscow, from 10 September 1984 to 15 February 1985 for the World Chess Championship title. After 5 months and 48 games, the match was called off, with Karpov leading 5 to 3, and 40 draws. The match was replayed in the World Chess Championship 1985.

House of the Unions
The House of the Unions (Russian: Дом Союзов, romanized: Dom Soyuzov, also called Palace of the Unions) is a historic building in the Tverskoy District in central Moscow, Russia. It is situated on the corner of Bolshaya Dmitrovka and Okhotny Ryad streets.
RAF Southrop
Royal Air Force Southrop or more simply RAF Southrop is a former Royal Air Force Satellite Station west of the village of Southrop, Gloucestershire during the Second World War from August 1940 to November 1945.

It had three grass runways, It was used as a Relief Landing Ground for Airspeed Oxford and North American Harvard training aircraft for No. 23 Group RAF.

The defences included a double pillbox.

The following units were here at some point:

No. 2 (Pilots) Advanced Flying Unit RAF

No. 2 Service Flying Training School RAF

No. 3 (Pilots) Advanced Flying Unit RAF

No. 6 Service Flying Training School RAF

No. 27 Group Communication Flight RAF

No. 27 (Signals Training) Group RAF

No. 1539 (Beam Approach Training) Flight RAF

Southrop
Southrop is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. It is situated on the River Leach. The Grade I listed St Peter's Church dates from the 12th century. Nearby villages include Eastleach Turville, Eastleach Martin, Little Faringdon, Fairford, Lechlade, Filkins and Hatherop.
Stein discrepancy
A Stein discrepancy is a statistical divergence between two probability measures that is rooted in Stein's method. It was first formulated as a tool to assess the quality of Markov chain Monte Carlo samplers, but has since been used in diverse settings in statistics, machine learning and computer science.

Probability measure
In mathematics, a probability measure is a real-valued function defined on a set of events in a σ-algebra that satisfies measure properties such as countable additivity.  The difference between a probability measure and the more general notion of measure (which includes concepts like area or volume) is that a probability measure must assign value 1 to the entire space.

Intuitively, the additivity property says that the probability assigned to the union of two disjoint (mutually exclusive) events by the measure should be the sum of the probabilities of the events; for example, the value assigned to the outcome "1 or 2" in a throw of a die should be the sum of the values assigned to the outcomes "1" and "2".

Probability measures have applications in diverse fields, from physics to finance and biology.
Beer Orders
The Supply of Beer (Tied Estate) Order 1989 (SI 1989/2390) and the Supply of Beer (Loan Ties, Licensed Premises and Wholesale Prices) Order 1989 (SI 1989/2258), commonly known as the Beer Orders, were statutory instruments made by the United Kingdom Secretary of State for Trade and Industry in December 1989.

Secretary of State for Business and Trade
The secretary of state for business and trade (business secretary), is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Department for Business and Trade. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The incumbent business secretary is Peter Kyle who was appointed by Keir Starmer on 5 September 2025.
The secretary of state is shadowed by the shadow secretary of state for business and trade, currently Andrew Griffith since 2024.
2003–04 South African Premiership
The 2003–04 South African Premiership was the eighth season of the South African Premiership, the top tier of South African soccer. It was known as the Castle Premiership for sponsorship purposes, and was also commonly referred to as the PSL after the governing body. It was won by Kaizer Chiefs, their first title since 1992.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
Rába (automobile)
The Rába was a Hungarian automobile manufactured from 1912 to 1914. Rába automobile was a subsidiary of the Rába (company) in Győr.  A product of the Rába company in the city of Győr, the engine of the car was the 4.2-liter 58 hp (44 kW) Praga "Grand". The car was built in limited numbers, under the Praga license.  Raba also produced cars of other licences, including Benz, Panhard, and Austro-Daimler. It exists to date as a manufacturer of trucks. The steward's office ordered a special RÁBA Grand for the personal use of Emperor Charles I of Austria. It was manufacturer of agricultural vehicles, like the Rába tractors.

Carl Benz
Carl (or Karl) Friedrich Benz (German: [kaʁl ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈbɛnts] ⓘ; born Karl Friedrich Michael Vaillant; 25 November 1844 – 4 April 1929) was a German engine designer and automotive engineer. His Benz Patent-Motorwagen from 1885 is considered the first practical, modern automobile and the first car to be put into series production. He received a patent for the motorcar in 1886, the same year he first publicly drove the Benz Patent-Motorwagen.

His company Benz & Cie., based in Mannheim, was the world's first automobile plant and largest of its day. In 1926, it merged with Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft to form Daimler-Benz, which produces the Mercedes-Benz among other brands.

For his achievements, Benz is widely regarded as "the father of the car", and as the "father of the automobile industry".
Roger T. Beckwith
Roger Thomas Beckwith was an English church historian and liturgist who served from 1973 to 1994 as the Warden of Latimer House, Oxford. Among his works were Priesthood and Sacraments, Elders in Every City: The Origin and Role of the Ordained Ministry, and The Old Testament Canon of the New Testament Church. He served as a vice-president of both the Church Society and the Prayer Book Society. Lord Carey of Clifton, who was then the Archbishop of Canterbury, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity (Lambeth) in 1992. He died in 2023.

Lambeth degree
A Lambeth degree is an academic degree conferred by the Archbishop of Canterbury under the authority of the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533 (25 Hen. 8. c. 21) as successor of the papal legate in England.  The degrees conferred most commonly are DD (Doctor of Divinity), DCL (Doctor of Civil Law), DLitt (Doctor of Letters), DMus (Doctor of Music), DM (Doctor of Medicine), BD (Bachelor of Divinity) and MA (Master of Arts). The relatively modern degree of MLitt (Master of Letters) has been conferred in recent years, and the MPhil (Master of Philosophy) and PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) are now available.
2018 Miami Open – Women's singles
Sloane Stephens defeated Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–1 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2018 Miami Open. It was Stephens' sixth career singles title, first Premier Mandatory title, and first title since winning the US Open in September 2017. By virtue of her victory, Stephens also made her debut in the Top 10, at No. 9.

Johanna Konta was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to Venus Williams.

Danielle Collins became the first qualifier in Miami Open history to reach the semifinals.

Polona Hercog
Polona Hercog (Slovene pronunciation: [pɔˈlóːna ˈxèːɾtsɔk], born 20 January 1991) is a Slovenian professional tennis player. Her career-high WTA rankings are world No. 35 in singles and No. 56 in doubles. She has won five titles on the WTA Tour, three in singles and two in doubles. Hercog also has had success on the ITF Women's Circuit, winning 19 singles and five doubles titles.

Partnering with Jessica Moore, she won the French Open and Wimbledon junior titles in the doubles competition in 2008.
Atelopus chiriquiensis
Atelopus chiriquiensis, the Chiriqui harlequin frog or Lewis' stubfoot toad, is an extinct species of toad in the family Bufonidae that was found in the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica and western Panama (Province and Bocas del Toro Provinces). Its natural habitats were stream margins in lower montane wet forests and rainforests. Its elevational range was 1,400–2,500 m (4,600–8,200 ft) above sea level.

Cordillera de Talamanca
The Cordillera de Talamanca is a mountain range that lies in the southeast half of Costa Rica and the far west of Panama. Much of the range and the area around it is included in La Amistad International Park, which also is shared between the two countries.

This range in the south of Costa Rica stretches from southwest of San José to beyond the border with Panama and contains the highest peaks of both Costa Rica and Panama, among them Cerro Chirripó at 3,820 metres (12,530 ft), and the more accessible high peak of Cerro de la Muerte. Much of the Caribbean areas of the range are still unexplored.