hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malasar people
Malasar Tribe (Tamil : மலைசர்) are a designated Scheduled Tribe in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. The Malasar Tribe people are one of the earliest known inhabitants of the Western Ghats, in Anaimalai Hills. Malasar is an unclassified Southern Dravidian language spoken by a Scheduled tribe of India.

South Dravidian languages
South Dravidian (also called "South Dravidian I") is one of the four major branches of the Dravidian languages family. It includes the literary languages Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Tulu, as well as several non-literary languages such as Badaga, Irula, Kota, Kurumba, Toda and Kodava.

Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu (South Dravidian II or South-Central Dravidian) are recognized among the official languages of India and are spoken mainly in South India. All four are officially recognized as classical languages by the Government of India, along with Sanskrit and Odia.
The Prize (1950 film)
The Prize (French: Le rosier de Madame Husson) is a 1950 French comedy film directed by Jean Boyer and starring Bourvil, Jacqueline Pagnol and Mireille Perrey. It is based on the 1887 novel Le Rosier de Madame Husson. It was shot at the Saint-Maurice Studios in Paris and on location in Normandy including around Eure. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Giordani. It was a sizeable box office hit, being the seventh most popular film of the year in France.

Eure
Eure (/ɜːr/ UR; French pronunciation: [œʁ]; Norman: Eure or Eûre) is a department in the administrative region of Normandy, northwestern France, named after the river Eure. Its prefecture is Évreux. In 2021, Eure had a population of 598,934.
M51-ULS-1
M51-ULS-1, also known as RX J132943+47115, is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) system in the constellation of Canes Venatici. The binary system is located in the Whirlpool Galaxy, a nearby spiral galaxy some 28 million light years (or 8.6 million parsecs) away. The binary system has an apparent visual magnitude of 24.01. The binary system was discovered in 1995 in a ROSAT survey of X-ray sources in the Whirlpool Galaxy and NGC 5195.

Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici (/ˈkeɪniːz vɪˈnætɪsaɪ/ KAY-neez vin-AT-iss-eye) is one of the 88 constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. Its name is Latin for 'hunting dogs', and the constellation is often depicted in illustrations as representing the dogs of Boötes the Herdsman, a neighboring constellation.

Cor Caroli is the constellation's brightest star, with an apparent magnitude of 2.9. La Superba (Y CVn) is one of the reddest naked-eye stars and one of the brightest carbon stars. The Whirlpool Galaxy is a spiral galaxy tilted face-on to observers on Earth, and was the first galaxy whose spiral nature was discerned. In addition, quasar TON 618 is one of the most massive black holes with the mass of 66 billion solar masses.
Mycofactocin
Mycofactocin (MFT) is a family of small molecules derived from a peptide of the type known as RiPP (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides), naturally occurring in many types of Mycobacterium. It was discovered in a bioinformatics study in 2011. All mycofactocins share a precursor in the form of premycofactocin (PMFT); they differ by the cellulose tail added. Being redox active, both PMFT and MFT have an oxidized dione (mycofactocinone) form and a reduced diol (mycofactocinol) form, respectively termed PMFTH2 and MFTH2.

Diol
A diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups (−OH groups).  An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified. They are used as protecting groups of carbonyl groups, making them essential in synthesis of organic chemistry.

The most common industrial diol is ethylene glycol. Examples of diols in which the hydroxyl functional groups are more widely separated include 1,4-butanediol HO−(CH2)4−OH and propylene-1,3-diol, or beta propylene glycol, HO−CH2−CH2−CH2−OH.
Kobe City University of Foreign Studies
Kobe City University of Foreign Studies (神戸市外国語大学, Kōbe-shi gaikokugo daigaku), KCUFS (神戸外大, Kōbe gaidai) for short, is a municipal university in Japan. It is located in Gakuen-higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe City.

Nishi-ku, Kobe
Nishi (西区, Nishi-ku) is one of 9 wards of Kobe, Japan. It has an area of 137.86 km2, and a population of 248,407 (2008). Nishi in Japanese means west.  Nishi-ku occupies the northwestern part of the city.
Electrostatic force microscope
Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is a type of dynamic non-contact atomic force microscopy where the electrostatic force is probed. ("Dynamic" here means that the cantilever is oscillating and does not make contact with the sample). This force arises due to the attraction or repulsion of separated charges.  It is a long-range force and can be detected 100 nm or more from the sample.

Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.
Sarai Kham
Sarai Kham is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 16.4 kilometres (10.2 mi) from Nakodar, 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Kapurthala, 33 kilometres (21 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 171 kilometres (106 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Rafael Suárez (fencer)
Rafael Suárez (born 23 March 1972) is a Venezuelan-American fencer and USA International Team fencer. He competed in the individual and team foil events at the 1996 Summer Olympics and individual at the 2000 Summer Olympics.  He is a former United States Fencing Association Athlete Representative of Men's Foil  and member of the Scholastic/Collegiate Task Force Committee. He hold the Athlete Representative position from 2010 until 2016. Suárez is the current Chairman of the Gold Coast Florida Division of the US Fencing.

In June 2010 Suárez competed in the Senior World Cup for the US Team winning a bronze medal in the individual event.

Suárez is a world class coach. He was an Olympics Coach in the Men's Foil event in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

United States Fencing Association
The United States Fencing Association (USFA) is the national governing body for the sport of fencing in the United States. The USFA was founded in 1891 as the Amateur Fencers League of America (AFLA) by a group of New York fencers seeking independence from the Amateur Athletic Union. The AFLA changed its name to the United States Fencing Association in 1981, and is also known as USA Fencing.

The USFA was incorporated as a non-profit corporation in Pennsylvania in 1964 and in Colorado in 1993, in compliance with the Olympic and Amateur Sports Act. It opened its national office at the Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado in August 1982. The national office moved from the Olympic Training Center to downtown Colorado Springs in 2002. The USFA's first full-time Executive Director was hired in 1983.

The USFA is affiliated with the  FIE, the international federation for fencing founded in Paris in 1913.
John M. Thome
John Macon Thome (August 22, 1843 – September 27, 1908) was an American-Argentine astronomer.  Some sources say John Macom Thome. He is sometimes known as Juan M. Thome.

He was born in Palmyra, Pennsylvania, and attended Lehigh University.

He came to the Argentine National Observatory (today Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba) in 1870, working as the senior assistant of the director Benjamin A. Gould.  He succeeded Gould as director in 1885.

Under his initiative, the Cordoba Durchmusterung star catalogue began to be compiled in 1892, although he did not live to see its completion.

He won the Lalande Prize for astronomy from the French Academy of Sciences in 1901.  Thome died in Córdoba and was succeeded as director of the observatory by Charles Dillon Perrine.

Palmyra, Pennsylvania
Palmyra (Pennsylvania German: Pallemschteddel) is a borough in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Lebanon, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,807 at the 2020 census.
European Film Award for Best Costume Designer
European Film Award for Best Costume Designer has been awarded annually by the European Film Academy. The category was first presented in 2013 with only one winner announced without nominees. From 1990 to 1992, costume designers were recognized with production designers in the Best Production Designer category, Franca Squarciapino received the award with Ezio Frigerio for Cyrano de Bergerac in 1990 while Valerie Pozzo Di Borgo won alongside Miljen Kreka Kljakovic for Delicatessen in 1991.

Though the category was not presented prior to 2013, three costume designers received nominations for the Prix d'Excellence Award with Magdalena Biedrzycka winning the award for her work in Katyń in 2008.

Delicatessen (1991 film)
Delicatessen is a 1991 French post-apocalyptic black comedy film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet and Marc Caro, starring Dominique Pinon, Marie-Laure Dougnac, and Jean-Claude Dreyfus. It was released in North America as "presented by Terry Gilliam."
Lauri Miranda Silva
Lauri Miranda Silva (Porto Velho, July 22, 1986) is a professor with a degree in History from the Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR) and a doctorate from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). She is the first trans woman in Brazil to earn a doctorate in History, a fact that occurred in 2023 through the defense of her thesis "Subversive Voices and Transgressive Bodies: Memory of the (Re) Existence of LGBTQIA+ Movement Militants and Intersectional Womanhoods Against Oppression in Rondônia (1980 to 2022)" (Portuguese: Vozes subversivas e corpos transgressores: memoria da (re) existência de militantes do movimento LGBTQIA+ e de mulheridades contra a opressão interseccionais em Rondônia (1980 a 2022)), in which she addresses the LGBTQIA+ and women's movements in the state of Rondônia and their struggles against oppression, as well as her life trajectory as a trans woman.

Rondônia
Rondônia (English: /rɒnˈdoʊniə/, ron-DOHN-ee-ə ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁõˈdõnjɐ] ⓘ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the North Region (the central-western part). It is bordered by Acre in the west, 
Amazonas in the north, Mato Grosso in the east, and Bolivia in the south. Rondônia has a population of 1,815,000 as of 2021. It is the fifth least populated state. Its capital and largest city is Porto Velho, bathed by the Madeira River. The state was named after Cândido Rondon, who explored the north of the country during the 1910s. The state, which is home to c. 0.7% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for c. 0.3% of the Brazilian GDP.

The state has 52 municipalities and occupies an area of 237,590.547 km2, equivalent to the territory of Romania and almost five times larger than Croatia. In addition to this, there are other important cities such as Ariquemes, Cacoal, Guajará-Mirim, Ji-Paraná, Rolim de Moura and Vilhena.
Kreg Llewellyn
Donald Kreg Llewellyn (born August 11, 1967) was a Canadian water skier. Llewellyn won a silver medal in each of Pan American Games Champion when he won gold in men's water skiing events at the games in slalom at the 1995 Pan American Games as well as in 1999. He was inducted into the Alberta Sports Hall of Fame in 2019. Llewellyn was an innovator, having helped invent the skurfer a precursor to the wakeboard. Llewellyn held 24 Canadian records and won 7 individual World Championship medals. His brother Jaret Llewellyn is also a professional water skier with Pan American Games titles and his nephew Dorien Llewellyn is also a professional water skier.

1995 Pan American Games
The 1995 Pan American Games, officially known as the XII Pan American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mar del Plata 1995, were held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 12 to 26 March 1995. After 44 years, this was the Pan American Games' first return to the country that hosted the first Games, in 1951.
Fulmarine petrel
The fulmarine petrels or fulmar-petrels are a distinct group of petrels within the family Procellariidae. They are the most variable of the four groups within the Procellariidae, differing greatly in size and biology. They do, however, have a unifying feature, their skull, and in particular their nasal tubes. They are predominantly found in the Southern Ocean with one species, the northern fulmar, ranging in the North Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

Fossils of fulmarine petrels dating back to the Upper Miocene have been found in Menorca.

Menorca
Menorca or Minorca (from Latin: Insula Minor, lit. 'smaller island', later Minorica) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca (Majorca). Its capital is Maó, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella de Menorca and Maó are the main ports and largest towns.

Per the Census of 1 January 2025, Menorca had a population of 102,477. Its highest point, a hill in the middle of the island named El Toro (from Catalan "turó" meaning hill), is 358 metres (1,175 feet) above sea level.
Kentucky Gold
Kentucky Gold (foaled 14 February 1973) was a Thoroughbred racehorse who was sold for a world-record $625,000 ($4 million inflation adjusted) in 1974. As a racehorse, he won one minor race from seven starts. He was then retired to stud and sired the winners of many minor races.

Real and nominal value
In economics, nominal value refers to value measured in terms of absolute money amounts, whereas real value is considered and measured against the actual goods or services for which it can be exchanged at a given time. Real value takes into account inflation and the value of an asset in relation to its purchasing power. In macroeconomics, the real gross domestic product compensates for inflation so economists can exclude inflation from growth figures, and see how much an economy actually grows. Nominal GDP would include inflation, and thus be higher.
Nizhnyaya Vorobzha
Nizhnyaya Vorobzha (Russian: Нижняя Воробжа) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Chernitsynsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  365 (2010 census); 357 (2002 census);

Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast
Oktyabrsky District (Russian: Октя́брьский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 628 square kilometers (242 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Pryamitsyno. Population: 23,164 (2021 census); 22,569 (2010 census);  23,877 (2002 Census); 125,296 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pryamitsyno accounts for 22.4% of the district's total population.
Feed conversion ratio
In animal husbandry, feed conversion ratio (FCR) or feed conversion rate is a ratio or rate measuring of the efficiency with which the bodies of livestock convert animal feed into the desired output. For dairy cows, for example, the output is milk, whereas in animals raised for meat (such as beef cows, pigs, chickens, and fish) the output is the flesh, that is, the body mass gained by the animal, represented either in the final mass of the animal or the mass of the dressed output.  FCR is the mass of the input divided by the output (thus mass of feed per mass of milk or meat). In some sectors, feed efficiency, which is the output divided by the input (i.e. the inverse of FCR), is used. These concepts are also closely related to efficiency of conversion of ingested foods (ECI).

Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle (also called dairy cows) are cattle bred with the ability to produce large quantities of milk, from which dairy products are made.  Dairy cattle generally are of the species Bos taurus.

Historically, little distinction was made between dairy cattle and beef cattle, with the same stock often being used for both meat and milk production.  Today, the bovine industry is more specialized and most dairy cattle have been bred to produce large volumes of milk.
171st Field Artillery Regiment
The 171st Field Artillery Regiment is a military unit created from part of the "B" Battery of the 1st Battalion of the 45th infantry division of the United States Army. It was raised in 1963 and is now based at Weatherford, Oklahoma forming part of the 45th Fires Brigade of the Oklahoma Army National Guard. Remaining representatives have been engaged in US anti-terrorism campaigns.

Military organization
Military organization (AE) or military organisation (BE) is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. Formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms (see Modern hierarchy for terminology and approximate troop strength per hierarchical unit).

In some countries, paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often emulate military organizations, or use these structures.
Sports in Ohio
Ohio is home to many professional and college sports teams. The metropolitan areas of Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Columbus are home to major league professional sports teams in baseball, basketball, football, hockey, and soccer.

Dayton Silverbacks
The Dayton Silverbacks were a professional indoor football team based in Dayton, Ohio. The team was a member of the Continental Indoor Football League (CIFL). The franchise started as the Miami Valley Silverbacks and joined the CIFL in 2007 after playing their inaugural season as an expansion team in the American Indoor Football Association. The Silverbacks were the fourth indoor football team to be based in Dayton, the first being the Dayton Skyhawks of the original Indoor Football League. The Skyhawks were followed by the Dayton Warbirds, who later became the Dayton Bulldogs, of the National Indoor Football League and the third being the Cincinnati Marshals who played their 2007 season in Dayton. The Silverbacks played their home games at Hara Arena in nearby Trotwood, Ohio.
Zhao Shu-zhen
Zhao Shu-zhen (Chinese: 趙淑珍; born c. 1944) is a Chinese film, stage and television actress. She is best known internationally for her portrayal of the grandmother (Nai Nai 奶奶 Nǎinai, which means paternal grandmother in Mandarin) in Lulu Wang's film The Farewell (2019), which earned her many accolades including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female.

Lulu Wang (filmmaker)
Lulu Wang (Chinese: 王子逸; pinyin: Wáng Zǐyì; born February 25, 1983) is a Chinese-born American filmmaker. She is best known for writing and directing the comedy-drama films Posthumous (2014) and The Farewell (2019). For the latter, she received the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film and the film was named one of the top ten films of 2019 by the American Film Institute. Wang has also written, produced, and directed several short films, documentaries, and music videos.
Tony Wakeham
Tony Wakeham (born July 16, 1956) is a Canadian politician and businessman who has served as the 16th premier of Newfoundland and Labrador since 2025. He has represented Stephenville-Port au Port in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly since 2019, and has served as the leader of the Newfoundland and Labrador Progressive Conservative Party since 2023.

2019 Newfoundland and Labrador general election
The 2019 Newfoundland and Labrador general election was held on May 16, 2019, to elect members of the 49th General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Despite consistent Progressive Conservative leads in polling towards the end of the campaign, including a nine-point lead in the final poll released a day before the election, the Liberal Party led by Dwight Ball won re-election, but nonetheless fell one seat short of retaining their majority after an unexpected loss to the New Democrats in Labrador West originally in the initial count by five votes. This resulted in the Liberals winning 20 seats, exactly half of the House of Assembly. A subsequent recount shortened the margin of victory in Labrador West to just two votes.
Phycitodes reliquella
Phycitodes reliquella is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1904. It is known from North America where it is widely distributed in the east, including Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia and Ontario.

The wingspan is less than 19 mm. Adults have been collected from May through September.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
Veteran Isles
Veteran Isles (French: Ile du Veteran; also known as the Veteran Islands) is a pair of islands in the Australian state of  South Australia which is part of the Pearson Isles which itself is part of the larger island group known as the Investigator Group.  It is located about 69 kilometres (43 miles) west south-west of Cape Finniss on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula.  It was discovered as part of the Pearson Isles by Matthew Flinders on 13 February 1802.  The island was given its name in August 1969 in order to preserve a name used within the locality by the Baudin expedition.  The island has enjoyed protected area status since at least 1972 and since 2011, it been part of the Investigator Group Wilderness Protection Area.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.