hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Weblio
Weblio is a free integrated bilingual dictionary website and online encyclopedia for Japanese-speaking sites operated by the GRAS Group, Inc. (GRASグループ株式会社), formerly known as the Weblio Corporation (ウェブリオ株式会社). Weblio can perform a bulk search on a variety of dictionaries, encyclopedias and glossaries, and return results. The dictionary facility includes Kenkyūsha's New Japanese-English Dictionary and 70 other Japanese–English and English–Japanese dictionaries with 4,160,000 English words and 4,730,000 Japanese words. As of January 20, 2016, a total of 665 dictionaries, encyclopedias and glossary sites can be searched in full.

Online encyclopedia
An online encyclopedia, also called an Internet encyclopedia, is a digital encyclopedia accessible through the Internet. Some examples include pre-World Wide Web services that offered the Academic American Encyclopedia beginning in 1980, Encyclopedia.com since 1998, Encarta from 2000 to 2009, Wikipedia since 2001, Encyclopædia Britannica since 2016, and Grokipedia since 2025.
Frank Matano
Francesco Matano (born 14 September 1989) is an Italian comedian, actor, and television personality who rose to prominence in 2008 by publishing prank videos on YouTube, and was among the first Italian YouTubers to surpass one million subscribers. Shortly following his online success, Matano eventually joined into the television industry.

Matano debuted on Le Iene in 2009, serving as an envoy and presenter. In 2015 and 2021, he respectively became a judge and competitor (later host) on Italia's Got Talent and LOL – Chi ride è fuori. During his career, he was a host on many TV series and comedy and talent shows, appeared in several web series and music videos, worked as a voice actor, and held several stand-up comedy shows and on theatre.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Brousseau
Brousseau is a French surname. It can refer to the following people:

Alfred Brousseau (1907 – 1988), American educator, photographer and mathematician

Caleb Brousseau (born 1988), Canadian para-alpine skier

Gino Brousseau (born 1966), Canadian volleyball player

Jean-Baptiste Brousseau (1841 – 1925), Canadian lawyer, journalist and political figure in Quebec

Jean-Docile Brousseau (1825 – 1908), Canadian politician and newspaper owner

Joseph Brousseau (1733–1797), French architect

Julie Brousseau (born 2006), Canadian swimmer

Kate Brousseau (1862–1938), American professor and researcher

Paul Brousseau (b. 1973), retired professional ice hockey player

Raymond Brousseau (1938–2021), Canadian film director and artist

Julie Brousseau
Julie Brousseau (born 9 January 2006) is a Canadian swimmer. She is the reigning Pan American Games champion in the 400 m individual medley and she won a gold medal as part of Canada's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago. Brousseau had previously tied the record for most medals at a Canada Summer Games when she won 11 medals at the 2022 Canada Summer Games including six gold, one silver, and four bronze.
Musgrave Park Hospital
Musgrave Park Hospital  is a specialist hospital in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It specialises in orthopaedics, rheumatology, sports medicine and rehabilitation of patients of all ages. These specialties are spread out across a large site in the leafy suburbs of South Belfast. The Hospital is named after the 48 acres (19 ha) of adjacent municipal parkland known as Musgrave Park, first opened to the public in 1920. The hospital is managed by the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as  physiatry, and outside the United States as physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM), is a branch of medicine that aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to people with physical impairments or disabilities. Officially established in the United States in the mid-1900s, PM&R has played a major role in patient recovery following several major epidemics and both world wars. Common medical conditions treated by PM&R physicians include spinal cord injury, brain injury, musculoskeletal injury, stroke, pain, and spasticity from muscle, ligament, or nerve damage. PM&R physicians lead rehabilitation teams in inpatient and outpatient settings and are trained in medication management, electrodiagnosis, and targeted injections.  A physician having completed training in this field may be referred to as a physiatrist.
Extensor digitorum brevis manus muscle
Extensor digitorum brevis manus is an extra or accessory muscle on the backside (dorsum) of the hand. It was first described by Albinus in 1758. The muscles lies in the fourth extensor compartment of the wrist, and is relatively rare.  It has a prevalence of 4% in the general population according to a meta-analysis. This muscle is commonly misdiagnosed as a ganglion cyst, synovial nodule or cyst.

Wrist
In human anatomy, the wrist is variously defined as (1) the carpus or carpal bones, the complex of eight bones forming the proximal skeletal segment of the hand; (2) the wrist joint or radiocarpal joint, the joint between the radius and the carpus and; (3) the anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints.  This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, bracelet lines, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum.

As a consequence of these various definitions, fractures to the carpal bones are referred to as carpal fractures, while fractures such as distal radius fracture are often considered fractures to the wrist.
Punk 45: Kill the Hippies! Kill Yourself!
Punk 45: Kill the Hippies! Kill Yourself! (subtitled: The American Nation Destroys Its Young - Underground Punk in the United States of America, Vol. 1.) is a 2013 compilation album released by Soul Jazz Records. It was Soul Jazz Records' first release in their Punk 45 series documenting punk music released either independently or on non-major labels. The first volume focuses on American music from regions across the United States, ranging from  Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco, Austin, and New Orleans. The album was released to positive reviews from The Guardian, The Irish Times and The Quietus.

Johnny Thunders
John Anthony Genzale (July 15, 1952 – April 23, 1991), known professionally as Johnny Thunders, was an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He came to prominence in the early 1970s as a member of New York Dolls. He later formed the Heartbreakers and played as a solo artist.
Hercynian Forest
The Hercynian Forest was an ancient and dense forest that stretched across Western Central Europe, from Northeastern France to the Carpathian Mountains, including most of Southern Germany, though its boundaries are a matter of debate. It formed the northern boundary of that part of Europe known to writers of Antiquity. The ancient sources are equivocal about how far east it extended. Many agree that the Black Forest, which extended east from the Rhine valley, formed the western side of the Hercynian, except, for example, Lucius of Tongeren. According to him, it included many massifs west of the Rhine.

Across the Rhine to the west extended the Silva Carbonaria, the forest of the Ardennes and the forest of the Vosges. All these old-growth forests of antiquity represented the original post-glacial temperate broadleaf forest ecosystem of Europe.

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest is a temperate climate terrestrial habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature, with broadleaf tree ecoregions, and with conifer and broadleaf tree mixed coniferous forest ecoregions, and include temperate rainforests.

These forests are richest and most distinctive in central China and eastern North America, with some other globally distinctive ecoregions in the Himalayas, Western and Central Europe, the southern coast of the Black Sea, Australasia, Southwestern South America and the Russian Far East.
Chote
Chote is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beth Chote (born 1991), New Zealand actress

David Chote, New Zealand soccer player

Morville Chote (1924–2023), British javelin thrower

Robert Chote (born 1968), British economist

Sophia Chote, Trinidad and Tobago politician

David Chote
David Chote is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Chote made his full All Whites debut in a 4–2 win over Fiji on 17 September 1986 and ended his international playing career with four A-international caps to his credit, his final cap an appearance in a 0–1 loss to Fiji on 19 November 1988.
Battle of Gordali (1852)
The Battle of Gordali  was one of the fiercest battles of the Murid War, and by extension, the Caucasian War. The battle between the Separate Caucasian Corps of the Caucasian Army under the command of Colonel Baklanov and the Chechen troops under the leadership of Naibs Eski and Talkhig took place on August 11, 1852, near the village of Gurdali, located on the Michik River. The purpose of the campaign was to destroy the village of Gordali. The Russians managed to break into the village, but due to heavy losses Baklanov was forced to retreat.

Talkhig of Shali
Talkhig of Shali was a 19th-century commander from the North Caucasia. A native of Shali and a representative of the taip Kurchaloy, he was a military leader and statesman of the North Caucasian Imamate. He was also a mudir (general-naib) and head of artillery of the North Caucasian Imamate, as well as a naib of the districts of Shali and Greater Chechnya.
Yatung
Yatung or Yadong, also known as Shasima (Tibetan: ཤར་གསིང་མ་, Wylie: shar gsing ma, THL: sharsingma, simplified Chinese: 下司马镇; traditional Chinese: 下司馬鎮; pinyin: Xiàsīmǎ Zhèn),
is the principal town in the Chumbi Valley or Yadong County in the
Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It is also its administrative headquarters.

THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription
The THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan (or THL Phonetic Transcription for short) is a system for the phonetic rendering of the Tibetan language.

It was created by David Germano and Nicolas Tournadre and was published on 12 December 2003. It is essentially a simplified form of the Tournadre Phonetic System, which is used by Tournadre in his Tibetan-language textbooks.

THL (formerly THDL) stands for the "Tibetan and Himalayan Library" project, which is hosted at the University of Virginia.
Maru Daba
Maru Daba (born 12 December 1980) is an Ethiopian retired long-distance runner, who specialized in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He represented Ethiopia at the 2000 Sydney Olympics and at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics.

His personal best time is 8:25.04 minutes, achieved in June 2003 in Rennes.

At the 1998 IAAF World Cross Country Championships in Marrakesh, Daba finished tenth in the short race and won a bronze medal with the Ethiopian team.

1998 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 1998 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 21/22, 1998.  The races were held at the Menara district in Marrakesh, Morocco.  Reports of the event were given in The New York Times, in the Herald,  and for the IAAF.

Complete results for senior men, for senior men's teams, for men's short race, for men's short race teams, for junior men, for junior men's teams, senior women, for senior women's teams, for women's short race, for women's short race teams, for junior women,  for junior women's teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.
Al-Burj, al-Bab
al-Burj (Arabic: البرج), also spelled Borj, is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Situated in the northern Aqil mountains, bordering the Queiq Plain to the west, it is located between al-Rai and al-Bab, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of the city of Aleppo, and 12 km (7.5 mi) south of the border to the Turkish province of Kilis. On 7 November 2016, Al Burj was captured by the Syrian National Army from ISIS.

Administratively the village belongs to Nahiya al-Bab in al-Bab District. Nearby localities include Tall Battal 4 km (2.5 mi) to the south, and Ka'ibah 4 km (2.5 mi) to the northwest, on the Queiq Plain. In the 2004 census, al-Burj had a population of 236.

Kilis Province
Kilis Province (Turkish: Kilis ili) is a province in southern Turkey, on the border with Syria. Its area is 1,412 km2, and its population is 147,919 (2022). The province was created in 1995 from the southern part of Gaziantep Province. The city of Kilis is home to over 75% of the inhabitants of the province; the other towns and villages are very small.
Pringi, Harju County
Pringi is a village in Viimsi Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It is located about 10 km (6 mi) northeast of the centre of Tallinn, located just northwest of the settlement of Haabneeme on the coast of Tallinn Bay. Pringi has a population of 951 (as of 1 January 2011).

The Viimsi Coastal Folk Museum

The Open Air Museum

The Boat Restaurant

Harju County
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla County to the south, and Lääne County to the southwest. The capital and largest city of Estonia, Tallinn, is located in Harju County. Harju is the largest county in Estonia in terms of population, as almost half (45%) of Estonia's population lives in Harju County.
Robert Liberace
Robert Liberace (born January 2, 1967, in Pomona, New York) is an American realist artist. He attended the George Washington University, from which he received both his bachelor of liberal arts and masters of fine arts degrees.  There he was also a recipient of a Morris Louis scholarship.  Among his teachers was the painter Frank Wright, who he credits with having instilled into him a love of the old masters.

Pomona, New York
Pomona is a village partly in the town of Ramapo and partly in the town of Haverstraw in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of New Hempstead, east of Harriman State Park, north of Monsey and west of Mount Ivy. According to the 2020 Census, the population was 3,824, a 23 percent increase from the 2010 figure of 3,103.
Kinyala
Kinyala is an administrative ward in the Rungwe District of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 14,185 people in the ward, from 12,871 in 2012.: 98 : 115

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Imam Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab Mosque
Imam Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab Mosque, also called the Qatar State Mosque, is the national mosque of Qatar. Located in the Lejbailat district of the capital Doha, it is named after Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, an 18th-century Sunni Muslim preacher, scholar, and theologian from the Najd region in central Arabia, founder of the Islamic revivalist and reformist movement known as Wahhabism.

Schools of Islamic theology
Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding creed. The main schools of Islamic theology include the extant Mu'tazili, Ash'ari, Maturidi, and Athari schools; the extinct ones include the Qadari, Jahmi, Murji', and Batini schools.

The main schism between Sunni, Shia, and Khariji branches of Islam was initially more political than theological, but theological differences have developed over time throughout the history of Islam.
Phyllogeiton discolor
Phyllogeiton discolor (syn. Berchemia discolor), known as bird plum or brown ivory in English, is a tree native to southern and eastern Africa including Madagascar. It is a broadleaf tree growing to 18 m (60 ft).

The fruits, resembling dates, are edible with sweet flesh surrounding 1-2 flat seeds. They are occasionally sold in local markets, eaten fresh, or dried and pounded and then added to pearl millet pap for their sweet flavour. Animals such as monkeys, baboons and birds also eat them.

Pearl millet
Pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus, commonly known as the synonym Pennisetum  glaucum) is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times. The center of diversity and suggested area of domestication for the crop is in the Sahel zone of West Africa.
Wilson Moses
Wilson Haledon Moses (8 April 1881 – 23 February 1953) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Paddington. He moved to Griffith in 1915, and was involved with the Griffith Producers' Co-operative Company from 1921 until 1935, when he resigned as its manager to take up a position as manager of Penfolds in Sydney. Between 1932 and 1934, he was a Country Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. Later in life, he joined the Liberal Party, and served as vice-president of its Griffith branch. He died in Griffith in 1953.

Griffith, New South Wales
Griffith is a major regional city in the northern Riverina region of western New South Wales, known commonly as the food bowl of Australia. It is also the seat of the City of Griffith local government area.  Like the Australian capital, Canberra, and extensions to the nearby town of Leeton, Griffith was designed by Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin. Griffith was named after Arthur Hill Griffith, the then New South Wales Secretary for Public Works. Griffith was proclaimed a city in 1987, and at the 2021 census had a population of 20,569.

It can be accessed by road from Sydney and Canberra via the Hume Highway and the Burley Griffin Way and from Melbourne, via the Newell Highway and either by using the Kidman Way or the Irrigation Way. Griffith can be accessed from other places like Adelaide, Orange, and Bathurst through the Mid-Western Highway and the Rankins Springs road from Rankins Springs and the Kidman Way from Goolgowi.
Hong Kong High Court
The High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a part of the Judiciary of Hong Kong, consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance. It also deals with criminal and civil cases which have risen beyond the lower courts.

The hierarchy of the Hong Kong judiciary from high to low is: the Court of Final Appeal, the High Court (consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance), the District Court, and magistrates' courts.

It is a superior court of record of unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction. It was named the Supreme Court before 1997. Though previously named the Supreme Court, this Court has long been the local equivalent to the Senior Courts of England and Wales and has never been vested with the power of final adjudication.

Superior court
In common law systems, a superior court is a court of general jurisdiction over civil and criminal legal cases. A superior court is "superior" in relation to a court with limited jurisdiction (see small claims court), which is restricted to civil cases involving monetary amounts with a specific limit, or criminal cases involving offenses of a less serious nature. A superior court may hear appeals from lower courts (see court of appeal). For courts of general jurisdiction in civil law system, see ordinary court.
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Structural Equations with Latent Variables is a statistics textbook on structural equation modeling by social scientist and statistician Kenneth Bollen. Published in 1989, it covers topics in the statistics like measurement validity, reliability, overall fit indices, model identification, causality, and the statistical software package LISREL. Examples from  sociology, economics, and psychology are used in the textbook to illustrate the practical applications of these methods. The book examines covariances rather than individual cases. It is used in graduate-level courses that focus on structural equation modeling within the social sciences.

Statistician
A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.

It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may work as employees or as statistical consultants.
International Studies in Philosophy
International Studies in Philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal, formerly published by the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Philosophy, Interpretation, and Culture, at Binghamton University. The journal began publishing under this title with volume 6 in 1974. Notable contributors included Joseph Agassi, Bruce Aune, Milton Fisk, Véronique Fóti, Rom Harré, Kathleen Higgins, François Lapointe, Alexander Nehamas, Kai Nielsen, and Richard Schacht. The journal was established in 1969 by Augusto Guzzo and Giorgio Tonelli, and its first five volumes were published as Studi Internazionali di Filosofia.

Publication of International Studies in Philosophy was suspended by the editor in 2008 with the completion of volume 40, issue 2. The journal was acquired by the Philosophy Documentation Center in 2011, and is being reorganized under its auspices. All published issues of the journal (under both titles) are available online.

Kai Nielsen (philosopher)
Kai Nielsen (May 15, 1926 – April 7, 2021) was an American professor of philosophy at the University of Calgary. He specialized in naturalism, metaphilosophy, ethics, analytic philosophy, social and political philosophy. Nielsen also wrote about  philosophy of religion, and was an advocate of contemporary atheism. He was also known for his defense of utilitarianism, writing in response to Bernard Williams's criticism of it.