hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Grainger Muir
Sir Edward Grainger Muir (18 February 1906 – 14 October 1973), was a British pathologist and colorectal surgeon. He was a recipient of the Broderip scholarship of the Middlesex Hospital and later held appointments at King's College Hospital, the Queen Victoria Hospital, and  the King Edward VII's Hospital for Officers, where he was on the list of honorary medical staff. He was president of the Royal College of Surgeons, the Medical Society of London, the Harveian Society, and of the Proctological Section and Section of Surgery of the Royal Society of Medicine, London. Muir was appointed surgeon to the British Royal Household in 1954, and surgeon to the Queen in 1964. Shortly before his death he was made Serjeant Surgeon. He was knighted in 1970.

Muir–Torre syndrome, a rare hereditary, autosomal dominant cancer syndrome is named in part for Muir.

Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. The college is located at Lincoln's Inn Fields in London. It publishes multiple medical journals including the Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Faculty Dental Journal, and the Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Opaline Deveraux Wadkins
Opaline Deveraux Wadkins (1912–2000) organized the first school to train black nurses in Oklahoma City, fought for desegregation of the College of Nursing at the University of Oklahoma and founded the School of Nursing at Langston University. She was the first African American nurse to earn a master's degree from the University of Oklahoma. She was honored in 1987 by the Oklahoma Public Health Association and inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1993.

Langston University
Langston University (LU) is a public land-grant historically black university in Langston, Oklahoma. It is the only historically black college in the state and the westernmost four-year public HBCU in the United States. The main campus in Langston is a rural setting 10 miles (16 km) east of Guthrie. The university also serves an urban mission with centers in Tulsa (at the same campus as the OSU-Tulsa facility) and Oklahoma City. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. In March 2025, Langston University was named a Carnegie Research College and University.
Bristow Hotel
The Bristow Hotel is a historic commercial building in 112 South 2nd Street in Ozark, Arkansas.  It is a two-story stone structure, finished in rusticated ashlar limestone.  It was built in 1909 for George Bristow, a local resident, and has retained many of its internal finishes despite conversion to professional offices.  The building is one of the few built in Ozark out of local limestone.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Ozark, Arkansas
Ozark is a city in Franklin County, Arkansas, United States and one of the county's two seats of government. The community is located along the Arkansas River in the Arkansas River Valley on the southern edge of the Ozark Mountains. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 3,542.

Incorporated in 1850, Ozark is adjacent to much of Arkansas wine country, and contains a bridge to cross the Arkansas River for travelers heading to points south. The city is also located on Arkansas Highway 23, nicknamed the Pig Trail Scenic Byway, known for its steep drops, sharp curves and scenic mountain views.

The name Aux Arcs, later simplified to "Ozark", was given to this bend of the river by the French explorers when they were mapping out this land.
Paliganj Assembly constituency
Paliganj Assembly constituency is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Pataliputra Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies viz. Danapur, Maner, Phulwari, Masaurhi and Bikram.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
Bobby Mackey
Robert Randall "Bobby" Mackey (born March 25, 1948) is a traditional country music singer whose career has spanned 40 years. His musical style can be described by his loyalty to Hank Williams, Merle Haggard, George Jones, Buck Owens, Conway Twitty, and Johnny Paycheck, and is the foundation for his musical success.

Mackey opened Bobby Mackey's Music World in September 1978 in Wilder, Kentucky, along the Licking River, next to the same railroad track that he worked in his youth. Bobby Mackey's has been featured on network television shows such as Ghost Hunters, Ghost Adventures, Most Terrifying Places in America, My Ghost Story, and A Haunting. USA Today quotes Zak Bagans of Ghost Adventures as saying Bobby Mackey's is "one of the 10 most haunted places in America."

Ghost Adventures
Ghost Adventures is an American paranormal and reality television series that premiered on October 17, 2008, on the Travel Channel before moving to Discovery+ in 2021. An independent film of the same name originally aired on the Sci-Fi Channel on July 25, 2007. The program follows ghost hunters Zak Bagans, Aaron Goodwin, Billy Tolley, and Jay Wasley as they investigate locations that are reported to be haunted.
Pluhar
Pluhar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christina Pluhar (born 1965), Austrian theorbist, harpist and conductor

Erika Pluhar (born 1939), Austrian actress, singer and author

Evelyn Pluhar (born 1947), American philosopher

Christina Pluhar
Christina Pluhar (born 1965, Graz, Austria) is a theorbist, harpist, conductor, and the founder of the early music ensemble L'Arpeggiata.

She discovered her passion for early music while studying at the University of Graz and went on to specialize in the lute, theorbo, and Baroque guitar. She studied at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague and the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis.

In 1992, as a member of Ensemble La Fenice, Pluhar won first prize at the Festival of Early Music in Malmö. Since then, she has been based in Paris, performing both as a soloist and as a basso continuo player in the Baroque music scene. In 2000, she set up L'Arpeggiata.
Nizioł
Nizioł is a Polish-language surname originated as a colloquial nickname for a person of short stature, from the adjective niski, 'low'. Archaic feminine forms: Niziołowa (by husband),  Niziołówna (by father). An early record of the surname is dated by 1785. Notable people with the surname include:

Bartek Niziol (born 1974), Polish violinist

Wiesława Nizioł, Polish mathematician

Wiesława Nizioł
Wiesława Krystyna Nizioł (pronounced ['viɛswava 'krɨstɨna 'niziɔw]) is a Polish mathematician, director of research at CNRS, based at Institut mathématique de Jussieu. Her research concerns arithmetic geometry, and in particular p-adic Hodge theory, Galois representations, and p-adic cohomology.
Chlorotrianisene
Chlorotrianisene (CTA), also known as tri-p-anisylchloroethylene (TACE) and sold under the brand name Tace among others, is a nonsteroidal estrogen related to diethylstilbestrol (DES) which was previously used in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and estrogen deficiency in women and prostate cancer in men, among other indications, but has since been discontinued and is now no longer available. It is taken by mouth.

CTA is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol. It is a high-efficacy partial estrogen and shows some properties of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, with predominantly estrogenic activity but also some antiestrogenic activity. CTA itself is inactive and is a prodrug in the body.

CTA was introduced for medical use in 1952. It has been marketed in the United States and Europe. However, it has since been discontinued and is no longer available in any country.

Biological target
A biological target is anything within a living organism to which some other entity (like an endogenous ligand or a drug) is directed and/or binds, resulting in a change in its behavior or function. Examples of common classes of biological targets are proteins and nucleic acids. The definition is context-dependent, and can refer to the biological target of a  pharmacologically active drug compound, the receptor target of a hormone (like insulin), or some other target of an external stimulus.  Biological targets are most commonly proteins such as enzymes, ion channels, and receptors, but in recent years DNA's and RNA's became more targeted than in the past.
Stellar Wind
"Stellar Wind" (or "Stellarwind") was the code name of a warrantless surveillance program begun under the George W. Bush administration's President's Surveillance Program (PSP). The National Security Agency (NSA) program was approved by President Bush shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks and was revealed by Thomas Tamm to The New York Times in 2004. Stellar Wind was a prelude to new legal structures that allowed President Bush and President Barack Obama to reproduce each of those programs and expand their reach.

Code name
A code name, codename, call sign, or cryptonym is a code word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project, or person. Code names are often used for military purposes, or in espionage. They may also be used in industrial counter-espionage to protect secret projects and the like from business rivals, or to give names to projects whose marketing name has not yet been determined. Another reason for the use of names and phrases in the military is that they transmit with a lower level of cumulative errors over a walkie-talkie or radio link than actual names.

Code names are also used for commercial products, for a variety of reasons. One of them can include that a marketing name has not yet been established during product development.
Selb
Selb (German pronunciation: [zɛlp] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Wunsiedel, in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the Fichtel Mountains, on the border with the Czech Republic, 20 km northwest of Cheb and 23 km southeast of Hof.

Selb is well known for its porcelain manufacture, and is the home of the Rosenthal factory, founded in 1879 by Philipp Rosenthal as a family business. In the 1960s the town was the location for an unrealized town development plan prepared by Walter Gropius shortly before his death.

The "Selber Wiesenfest", a traditional fair with thousands of visitors per day, always takes place on the "Goldberg" on the second weekend of July.

Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia (German: Oberfranken, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is an administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of the state of Bavaria, southern Germany. It forms part of the historically significant region of Franconia, the others being Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia, which are all part of Bavaria.

With more than 200 independent breweries which brew approximately 1000 different types of beer, Upper Franconia has the world's highest brewery-density per capita. A special Franconian beer route (Fränkische Brauereistraße) runs through many popular breweries.
International AI Safety Report
The First Independent International AI Safety Report is a report on the scientific state of research relevant to AI safety. It was published on 29 January 2025. The report assesses a wide range of risks posed by general-purpose AI and how to mitigate against them. The report was commissioned by the 30 nations attending the 2023 AI Safety Summit at Bletchley Park in the United Kingdom, in order to inform discussion at the 2025 AI Action Summit in Paris, France. The report was published by a cohort of 96 artificial intelligence experts led by Canadian machine learning pioneer Yoshua Bengio, often referred to as one of the "godfathers" of AI.

In October 2025, a “Key Update” was published, outlining the implications of capability advances in reasoning language models and presenting new evidence of challenges in monitoring and controllability.

The second full edition of the report was released on 3 February 2026 in advance of the AI Impact Summit.

Reasoning model
A reasoning model, also known as reasoning language models (RLMs) or large reasoning models (LRMs), is a type of large language model (LLM) that has been specifically trained to solve complex tasks requiring multiple steps of logical reasoning. These models demonstrate superior performance on logic, mathematics, and programming tasks compared to standard LLMs. They possess the ability to revisit and revise earlier reasoning steps and utilize additional computation during inference as a method to scale performance, complementing traditional scaling approaches based on training data size, model parameters, and training compute.
Vincent Di Maio
Vincent Joseph Martin Di Maio (March 22, 1941 – September 18, 2022) was an American pathologist and an expert on the subject of gunshot wounds. Born in Brooklyn, New York, he was a board-certified anatomic, clinical and forensic pathologist, and a private forensic pathology consultant.

Clinical pathology
Clinical pathology is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids, such as blood, urine, and tissue homogenates or extracts using the tools of chemistry, microbiology, hematology, molecular pathology, and Immunohaematology. This specialty requires a medical residency.

Clinical pathology is a term used in the US, UK, Ireland, many Commonwealth countries, Portugal, Brazil, Italy, Japan,  and Peru; countries using the equivalent in the home language of "laboratory medicine" include Austria, Germany, Romania, Poland and other Eastern European countries; other terms are "clinical analysis" (Spain) and "clinical/medical biology (France, Belgium, Netherlands, North and West Africa).
Nová Ves (Brno-Country District)
Nová Ves is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

Nová Ves lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south-west of Brno and 174 km (108 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Toomai of the Elephants
"Toomai of the Elephants" is a short story by Rudyard Kipling about a young elephant-handler. It was first published in the December 1893 issue of St. Nicholas magazine and reprinted in the collection of Kipling short stories, The Jungle Book (1894). The character Petersen Sahib is thought to be modelled on India-born English naturalist George P. Sanderson (1848–1892).

The story was filmed in 1937 as Elephant Boy directed by Robert Flaherty and Zoltan Korda, starring Sabu.  The story was also produced in 1973 as the TV series Elephant Boy starring Esrom Jayasinghe.

Zoltan Korda
Zoltan Korda (born Zoltán Kellner; May 3, 1895 – October 13, 1961) was a Hungarian-born motion picture screenwriter, director and producer. He made his first film in Hungary in 1918 and worked with his brother Alexander Korda on film-making there and in London. They both moved to the United States in 1940 to Hollywood and the American film industry.
Anthistarcha geniatella
Anthistarcha geniatella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by August Busck in 1914. It is found in Panama.

The wingspan is 11–12 mm. The forewings are white overlaid with dark grey and ochreous scales. There are two large tufts of dark erect scales on the middle of the cell, one above the other and together reaching nearly across the wing. The bases of these tufts are yellow. There are four dark brown spots on the costa, edged below with yellow and there is a ring of dark brown scales at the tornus, with a few yellow scales within. The apical part of the wing is heavily overlaid with dark brown which obscures a row of dark terminal dots. The hindwings are semitransparent on the basal half and dark fuscous on the apical half. Males have a strong costal tuft, which is ochreous at the base and blackish brown at the tips.

August Busck
Augustus Busck (February 18, 1870 in Randers, Denmark – March 7, 1944) was a Danish-American entomologist with the United States Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Entomology, stationed in the U.S. National Museum. He is best known for his work with microlepidoptera, of which he described over 600 species. His collections of Lepidoptera from North America and the Panama Canal Zone are held by the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Thadi railway station
Thadi railway station (station code: THY), located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, serves Golagam and Thadi villages from Anakapalle mandal in Anakapalli district. It lies in Howrah–Chennai main line. It is 10 km from Duvvada and 6 km from Anakapalle.

Anakapalli
Anakapalli (Telugu pronunciation: [ana'kaːpalːi]) is a suburb of Visakhapatnam city, located within the jurisdiction of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation. It contains India's second largest jaggery market.
Garfield: The Movie
Garfield: The Movie (or simply Garfield) is a 2004 American live-action animated comedy film based on Jim Davis' comic strip Garfield. Directed by Peter Hewitt and written by Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, it was produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox with the co-production of Davis Entertainment Company, and stars Breckin Meyer as Jon Arbuckle, Jennifer Love Hewitt as Dr. Liz Wilson and features Bill Murray as the voice of Garfield, who was created with computer-generated imagery.

Garfield: The Movie was released in the United States on June 11, 2004. Despite receiving negative reviews from critics, the film was a commercial success, grossing $208.1 million worldwide on a $50 million production budget. A sequel, Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties, was released in 2006. The film is also dedicated to Lorenzo Music, the original voice of Garfield, who died on August 4, 2001.

Davis Entertainment
Davis Entertainment (also known as Davis Entertainment Company) is an American independent film and television production company, founded by John Davis in 1984.

Davis's three divisions–feature film, independent film, and television–develop and produce film and television projects for the major studios, independent distributors, networks and cable broadcasters. The company itself has enjoyed a long-standing first-look production deal at 20th Century Studios, although it also produces projects for all studios and mini-majors.
I Know You See It
"I Know You See It" is a song written and recorded by American rapper Yung Joc. Produced by Kochease, the song features vocals from Brandy "Ms. B" Hambric. It was released as the second single from his debut album New Joc City. It reached number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number five on the U.S. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. It also peaked at number five on the U.S. Rap Songs chart. The music video for the song first premiered on MTV's Making the Video.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Break Point (film)
Break Point is a U.S. comedy film directed by Jay Karas. The film stars Jeremy Sisto and David Walton as two estranged brothers (and former tennis partners) who reunite and decide to make a run at a grand slam tournament.

The film first premiered at South by Southwest Film Festival on March 8, 2014. The film was released on July 21, 2015 on video on demand prior to the film being released in a limited release on September 4, 2015.

David Walton (actor)
David B. Walton (born October 27, 1978) is an American actor. He is known for his role in the television sitcom Cracking Up (2004), as Liam Connor. He has starred in several television programs, including the drama series Heist (2006), comedy series New Girl (2012–2018), and on the NBC comedies Perfect Couples (2010–2011), Bent (2012), and About a Boy (2014–2015). He played Dr. Rick in the comedy film Fired Up! (2009).
Mark Hominick
Mark Hominick (born July 22, 1982) is a Canadian retired mixed martial artist who competed in the Featherweight division for the Ultimate Fighting Championship where he was the inaugural Featherweight title challenger, the WEC, and Affliction. He is also a former TKO Featherweight Champion. He was well known for his outstanding boxing skills and very accurate punching techniques, often utilizing the jab.

International Kickboxing Federation
The International Kickboxing Federation (IKF) is a sanctioning body for kickboxing and Muay Thai based in the United States. The IKF sanctions and regulates all aspects of these sports from Semi Contact (IKF Point Kickboxing (IKF/PKB)) to Full Contact in both Amateur and professional levels. The IKF World Headquarters located in Newcastle, California, USA oversees over 2,000 IKF events a year around the world.
Jaume Busquets
Jaume Busquets i Mollera (Girona, 1903 – Barcelona, 1968) was a Spanish sculptor and painter of the noucentisme generation from Catalonia.

He was the youngest son of a family of four artist brothers from Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

Busquets was a disciple of Antoni Gaudí. He designed and sculpted the Holy Family ensemble on the Nativity façade of Gaudí's Sagrada Familia Basilica Shrine in Barcelona.  Busquets also designed and sculpted the statue of the Blessed Virgin with Child on the façade of the Girona Cathedral.

Girona Cathedral
The Cathedral of Saint Mary (Catalan: Catedral de Santa Maria) is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Girona.

The cathedral's interior includes the widest Gothic nave in the world, with a width of 23 metres (75 ft). Its construction was begun in the 11th century in the Romanesque architectural style, and continued in the 13th century in the Gothic style. Of the original Romanesque edifice, only the 12th-century cloister and a bell tower remain.
Elegant stubfoot toad
The elegant stubfoot toad or Pacific jambato frog (Atelopus elegans)  is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae found in lowlands and Andean slopes of northwest Ecuador to 1,140 m (3,740 ft) asl and on the Gorgona Island, off southwest coast of Colombia. It was described by George Albert Boulenger in 1882 based on a specimen collected by Edward Whymper. It is known in Spanish as rana jambato del Pacífico or simply jambato del Pacífico.

George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger FRS (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.