hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Istanbul–Kapıkule railway
The Istanbul–Kapıkule railway is a 229 km (142 mi) long high-speed rail line in Turkey currently under construction. Once finished, this railway will provide a high-speed rail link between the Istanbul suburbs and the Bulgarian border, just west of Edirne. The rail line will be double tracked and electrified for its whole length, and is intended for use by both freight and passenger rail. The railway will allow for high-speed rail service between Edirne and Istanbul, and is intended to strengthen the rail transport link between Turkey and Europe. Part of it is planned to open in late 2025.

Edirne
Edirne (US: /eɪˈdɪərnə, ɛˈ-/; Turkish: [e.ˈdiɾ.ne]), historically known as Orestias, Orestiada, Adrianople, or Adriana is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated 7 km (4.3 mi) from the Greek and 20 km (12 mi) from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second capital city of the Ottoman Empire from the 1360s to 1453, before Constantinople became its capital.

The city is a commercial centre for woven textiles, silks, carpets and agricultural products and has a growing tourism industry. It is the seat of Edirne Province and Edirne District. Its population is 180,002 (2022).
Ian Clarke (physician)
Ian Clarke (born 1952) is a physician, missionary, philanthropist, entrepreneur, and politician in Uganda. From 2011 to 2016, he was mayor of Makindye Division, one of the five administrative units of the Kampala Capital City Authority.

Makindye Division
Makindye Division is one of the five administrative divisions of Kampala, the capital of Uganda, and the largest city in that country. The city's five divisions are: (a) Kampala Central Division (b) Kawempe Division (c) Lubaga Division (d) Makindye Division and (e) Nakawa Division.
Schuette–Nesbitt formula
In mathematics, the Schuette–Nesbitt formula is a generalization of the inclusion–exclusion principle. It is named after Donald R. Schuette and Cecil J. Nesbitt.

The probabilistic version of the Schuette–Nesbitt formula has practical applications in actuarial science, where it is used to calculate the net single premium for life annuities and life insurances based on the general symmetric status.

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
Kalands Brethren
The Kalands Brethren (Kalandbrüder in German, Fratres Calendarii in Latin) were Catholic religious and charitable associations of priests and laymen. They held regular meetings for religious edification and instruction, and also to encourage works of charity and prayers for the dead.

Especially numerous in Northern and Central Germany, the Kaland confraternities spread to Denmark, Norway, Hungary, and France. They began in the early thirteenth century, flourished in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, and were largely abolished in the Reformation.

Höxter
Höxter (German pronunciation: [ˈhœkstɐ] ⓘ) is  a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the left bank of the river Weser, 52 km (32 miles) north of Kassel. It lies the heart of the Weser Uplands, and is the seat of the Höxter district. The district of Höxter has a population of 30,000, with the city itself making up around half of the population. Historical place names of Höxter are Hoxer and Huxaria.
Short range order
In crystallography, short range order refers to the regular and predictable arrangement (i.e. crystalline lattice) of atoms over a short distance, usually with one or two atom spacings. However, this regularity described by short-range order does not necessarily apply to a larger area. Examples of materials with short range order include amorphous materials such as wax, glass and liquids as well as the collagen fibrils of the stroma in the cornea.

Besides ordering of atoms, short-range ordering of vacancies are also possible. Example of systems with short-range ordering of oxygen-vacancies include oxygen-deficient stoichiometries of the superconductors YBa2Cu2O7−δ, Nd2−xCexCuO4−y; as well as perovskites and novel bismuth sillenites.

Perovskite
Perovskite (pronunciation: /pəˈrɒvskaɪt/) is an orthorhombic calcium titanium oxide mineral composed of calcium titanate (chemical formula CaTiO3). Its name is also applied to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as CaTiO3, known as the perovskite structure, which has a general chemical formula A2+B4+(X2−)3 for chalcogen (group 16) perovskites, or A1+B2+(X1−)3 for the halogen (group 17) perovskites (the kind typically found in modern photovoltaics like photodiodes and solar panels). Many different cations can be embedded in this structure, allowing the development of diverse engineered materials.
2-Chloropropylene
2-Chloropropylene is an organochlorine compound with the formula CH2=C(Cl)CH3.  It is a colorless gas that condenses just below room temperature.  Unlike the closely related vinyl chloride, which is a major industrial chemical, 2-chloropropene has no commercial applications and is a lightly studied compound.  In the research laboratory, it is used as a source of the 2-propenyl group.  One early synthesis involves dehydrohalogenation of 1,2-dichloropropane with potassium hydroxide.

Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.

Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. About 2.5 million tonnes were produced in 2023. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.  It is a white solid that is dangerously corrosive.
Modern: The Modern Movement in Britain
Modern: The Modern Movement in Britain is a non-fiction book by Alan Powers, first published in 2005 by Merrell, about Modernism in British architecture, mainly focusing on the period between 1930 and 1940. The bulk of the book is a gazetteer of 60 architects or architectural practices, including both famous figures and lesser-known ones. The book received broadly positive reviews, with its wide coverage, and particularly its wide coverage of women architects of the period, being generally appreciated. Some reviewers criticise the inclusion of modern buildings lying outside the definition of Modernist. A further critique is that the analysis lacks depth. The book is illustrated with colour photographs by Morley von Sternberg.

Dora Cosens
Doris Morley Cosens (27 April 1894 – 5 October 1945; née Fletcher), often referred to as Dora Cosens, was a British architect, particularly known for her Modernist house, 9 Wilberforce Road in Cambridge. Along with Mary Crowley and Elisabeth Scott, she was among the earliest women architects to work in Britain during the modern era.
Roy Suryo
Roy Suryo Notodiprojo (born 18 July 1968), commonly known as Roy Suryo is a former Minister of Youth and Sports of Indonesia for the final 21 months of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's Second United Indonesia Cabinet. A self-proclaimed expert in telecommunications and multimedia, Roy gained celebrity status for analyzing and commenting on the authenticity of evidence in political and celebrity scandals, such as leaked phone conversations and sex tapes. He hosted e-Lifestyle on Metro TV for five years. Before his cabinet role, Roy was a member of parliament representing Yogyakarta Special Region.

Metro TV (Indonesian TV network)
PT Media Televisi Indonesia, operating as Metro TV, is an Indonesian free-to-air, television news network based in West Jakarta. It was launched on 25 November, 2000, and now has over 52 relay stations around the country. It is owned by Surya Paloh, who also owns the Media Indonesia daily. These two news outlets, along with other newspapers distributed in different parts of Indonesia, make up Media Group.

Metro TV offers Mandarin language news programs. It does not offer soap operas, although it had broadcast entertainment and multicultural programs such as the now-defunct tech show e-Lifestyle, the satirical news and current affairs show News Dot Com / Republik Mimpi (The Dream Republic), musical programming such as Musik+ and Idenesia, and other special or regional programming. Metro TV is considered to be the mouthpiece of the NasDem Party.
Lin-ay sang Negros 2018
Lin-ay sang Negros 2018, the 24th edition of the annual Lin-ay sang Negros was held on April 20, 2018 at the Pana-ad Park and Stadium. A total of 27 candidates from 11 cities and 16 municipalities sent their representatives. Ilog's Danice Decolongon was crowned by Lin-ay sang Negros 2017 winner from Bago Angelika Esther Portugaleza, and Lin-ay sang Negros 2009 winner Vickie Rushton at the end of the event. This pageant edition holds the record for having the most number of contestants.

Bago, Negros Occidental
Bago, officially the City of Bago (Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa/Syudad sang Bago; Filipino: Lungsod ng Bago), is a  component city in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 192,993 people.

It is also tagged as the “Home of Historical and Natural Treasures”, owing to its contribution to the history of the province of Negros Occidental and country, and its scenery and flora and fauna making it an eco-tourism destination. It is also known as the “Boxing Capital of the Philippines” title, owing to the great names it produced in boxing. It is also home to the only three known populations of the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin in the entire Philippines. The other two populations are in Guimaras and Palawan. All of which are designated as critically endangered populations.
Charley Edge
Charley Joseph Edge (born 14 May 1997) is a Welsh footballer who plays as a winger for Cymru North club Newtown.

Edge joined the Colchester United Academy from Everton in 2015 after completing his two-year scholarship. He had previously been on the books of Swansea City and Stoke City. He has also represented Maldon & Tiptree on loan from Colchester, prior to making his professional debut in February 2017. He joined Leamington on loan in September 2017, and Needham Market in March 2018. He was released by Colchester at the end of the 2017–18 season.

Cymru North
The Cymru North is a regional football league in Wales, covering the northern half of the country. It initially had clubs with semi-professional status. Together with the Cymru South, it forms the second tier of the Welsh football league system.

The first year of its operation was 2019–20 with the Football Association of Wales owning and administering the tier 2 leagues for the first time. These changes followed from a review of the Welsh Football Pyramid. Prior to 2019, the equivalent league was the Cymru Alliance, covering North and Central Wales.
Niagara Regional Council
The Niagara Regional Council is the governing body of the Regional Municipality of Niagara in Ontario, Canada. Council meets at Niagara Region Headquarters in Thorold, Ontario.

The council is composed of a regional chair, the 12 mayors of the constituent municipalities, and 18 regional councillors, all elected to 4-year terms.

The regional chair of the Niagara Regional Council is not directly elected by the residents, but rather chosen by the council members themselves. While any eligible voter in the region can be considered for the position, the regional policy typically selects the chair from among the 30 council members elected in the previous municipal elections. Once chosen, the regional chair must relinquish their seat as a municipal councillor, triggering a process for the municipality to fill the vacancy. Former Ontario cabinet minister Jim Bradley was regional chair from December 2018 until his death on September 26, 2025.

Thorold
Thorold is a city in Ontario, Canada, located on the Niagara Escarpment. It is also the seat of the Regional Municipality of Niagara. The Welland Canal passes through the city, featuring lock 7 and the Twin Flight Locks.
John Newell (Canadian politician)
John Ainslie Newell (October 6, 1935 – May 29, 2025) is a former Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Cape Breton The Lakes in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1983 to 1988. He was a Progressive Conservative.

Born in 1935 in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Newell served on the Cape Breton County Council from 1976 to 1982. He first attempted to enter provincial politics in the 1981 election, but was defeated by Liberal Ossie Fraser by 120 votes. Fraser died in October 1982 and Newell was elected the new MLA for the riding in a by-election on February 22, 1983. He was re-elected in the 1984 election but was defeated by Liberal Bernie Boudreau in the 1988 election.

1981 Nova Scotia general election
The 1981 Nova Scotia general election was held on October 6, 1981, to elect members of the 53rd House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Progressive Conservative party.
Uma Ramanan
Uma Ramanan (1954/1955 – 1 May 2024) was an Indian playback singer, predominantly in the Tamil language. She was also a live stage performer who appeared in more than 6,000 concerts spanning 35 years. Ramanan came from the Tamil Nadu state of India.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Ennomos autumnaria
Ennomos autumnaria, the large thorn, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found in Western and Central Europe East to  Russia and Siberia

The wingspan is 40–50 mm. The length of the forewings is 21–28 mm. The ground colour is brown, red-brown or yellow-brown to yellowish beige. The forewing edge is scalloped and the forewing is marked with yellow and dark brown lines. The thorax is yellow to light brown. The antennae of the male are pectinate. The caterpillar is light yellowish-brown to reddish. It is up to 50 mm long. On segment five there few humps and on segment nine two long protrusions. It resembles a dead twig.

Similar species: other Ennomos.

Biotopes: Forest edges, parks, gardens with trees.

The moths fly in one generation from September to October. They are attracted to light.

The caterpillars feed on a number of deciduous trees.(Quercus sp., Alnus sp., Prunus sp., Salix sp., Tilia sp., Malus sp., Populus sp., Acer sp., Betula sp., Ulmus sp.).

Alder
Alders are trees of the genus Alnus in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species extending into Central America, as well as the northern and southern Andes.
Sebastián Suárez (basketball)
Sebastian Suarez (born March 1, 1991), is a Chilean professional basketball player. He currently plays for Búcaros de Bucaramanga of the Liga colombiana de baloncesto .

In the 2016-17 season, he played for the Penarol Mar del Plata club of the Argentinean Liga Nacional de Básquet.

He represented Chile's national basketball team at the 2016 South American Basketball Championship, where he recorded most minutes and steals for his team.

Sebastian is the son of legendary Chilean national basketball team player Luis "Caco" Suarez.

Búcaros de Bucaramanga
Bukaros is a semiprofessional Colombian basketball team that competes in the Copa Invitacional de Baloncesto Colombiano. Its home stadium is Vicente Diaz Romero Coliseum in Bucaramanga, which has a 4,000-person capacity.

The team is operated by the Ivan Olivares basketball school in Bucaramanga.
The Singing Hotel
The Singing Hotel (German: Das singende Hotel) is a 1953 West German musical comedy film directed by Géza von Cziffra and starring Hans Söhnker, Rudolf Platte and Fita Benkhoff. It was shot at the Wandsbek Studios of Real Film in Hamburg and on location in Oberstdorf and Kitzbühel. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Albrecht Becker and Herbert Kirchhoff.

Kitzbühel
Kitzbühel (German: [ˈkɪtsbyːl] ⓘ, also: [ˈkɪtsbyːəl] ⓘ; Bavarian: [ˈkxɪtsb̥ɪxɪ]) is a medieval town situated in the Kitzbühel Alps along the river Kitzbüheler Ache in Tyrol, Austria, about 100 km (62 mi) east of the state capital Innsbruck and is the administrative centre of the Kitzbühel district (Bezirk). Kitzbühel is one of the most famous and exclusive ski resorts in the world and is frequented by the international high society. The world's hardest ski race Hahnenkamm Races is a yearly event that attracts the attention of ski fans around the world. Kitzbühel real estate continuously ranks among the world's most expensive. The proximity to Munich has made it a preferred location for vacation homes among the German elite.
Blue Tears (album)
Blue Tears is the debut album of the band of the same name. The album was released in 1990 by MCA Records. It spawned several singles and videos like "Innocent Kiss" and "Rockin' with the Radio". "Rockin' with the Radio" peaked at #45 in "Aor Tracks" chart by Radio & Records and its video received medium airplay on MTV.

Radio & Records
Radio & Records (R&R) was a trade publication providing news and airplay information for the radio and music industries.  It started as an independent trade from 1973 to 2006 until VNU Media took over in 2006 and became a relaunched sister trade to Billboard, until its final issue in 2009.
Yocum Creek
Yocum Creek is a stream in Carroll County in northwest Arkansas. It is a tributary to the Long Creek branch of Table Rock Lake.

The stream headwaters arise on a mountainside about two miles south of Green Forest. The stream flows north roughly parallel to Arkansas Highway 103 and along the west part of Green Forest where it passes under U.S. Route 62. It continues to the north and northeast passing the community of Yocum. It meanders to the north and northeast to enter Table Rock Lake in the northeast corner of Carroll County. Prior to the flooding of Table Rock Lake the stream confluence with Long Creek was just north of the now submerged community of Enon at an elevation just below 900 feet.

John Yocum moved from southern Missouri into the area around Yocum in 1836 and built a mill on the creek that now bears his name. The mill was destroyed by a fire in the 1920s.

U.S. Route 62
U.S. Route 62 or U.S. Highway 62 (US 62) is an east–west United States Highway in the southern and northeastern United States. It runs from the Mexican border at El Paso, Texas, to Niagara Falls, New York, near the Canadian border. It is the only east–west United States Numbered Highway that connects Mexico and Canada. Parts of US 62 follow what once was the Ozark Trail, including the historic bridge across the South Canadian River in Newcastle, Oklahoma (the first structure built with federal highway funds in Oklahoma after lobbying efforts by Stanley Draper). This bridge was damaged beyond repair by the 2013 Moore tornado that struck Newcastle and Moore, Oklahoma. The highway is signed north–south in New York and Pennsylvania, reflecting its directional orientation in both states, and is signed east-west for the remainder of its course.
Edna Sheen
Edna Mae Sheen (November 18, 1943 – January 20, 2012) was an American make-up artist whose credits includes Philadelphia and Courage Under Fire working directly for star Denzel Washington. She also worked on television, notably for Family Matters.

In 2005, she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Makeup for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special for her work on the television film Lackawanna Blues. Her nomination was shared with Denise Pugh-Ruiz and Karen Westerfield.

Sheen died on January 20, 2012, at the age of 68.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Makeup (Non-Prosthetic)
This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Contemporary Makeup (Non-Prosthetic) and Outstanding Period or Fantasy/Sci-Fi Makeup (Non-Prosthetic). Before 2002, the category was called Outstanding Makeup for a Miniseries, Movie, or Special and included prosthetic and special effects makeup. Prior to 2020, awards were split between miniseries or movies and ongoing series.

Beginning in 2024, the Outstanding Period and/or Character Makeup (Non-Prosthetic) category will be renamed Outstanding Period or Fantasy/Sci-Fi Makeup (Non-Prosthetic).

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:
Miss Indonesia 2013
Miss Indonesia 2013 was the ninth edition of the Miss Indonesia beauty pageant, held on February 20, 2013 at Jakarta International Expo, Jakarta. The winner of Miss Indonesia 2013 will represent Indonesia in Miss World 2013 in Jakarta, Indonesia. The current titleholder of Miss World, Wenxia Yu attended the awarding night, when Ines Putri of Bali crowned her successor.

Yu Wenxia
Yu Wenxia (Chinese: 于文霞; pinyin: Yú Wénxiá; born 5 July 1989) is a Chinese actress, tv host, singer, model and beauty queen who won Miss World 2012 in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, the second Chinese national to do so after Zhang Zilin in 2007.
Albertsen
Albertsen is a Nordic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Albertsen, Danish football executive

Georg Albertsen (1889–1961), Danish gymnast

Heidi Albertsen (born 1976), Danish model

Johnny Albertsen (born 1977), Danish alpine skier

Martin Albertsen (born 1974), Danish handball coach

Pål Henning Albertsen, Norwegian football goalkeeper and coach

Per Hjort Albertsen, Norwegian composer

Roger Albertsen (1957–2003), Norwegian footballer

Tine Rustad Albertsen, Norwegian handball player

Ubbo J. Albertsen (1845–1926), American politician and businessman

Georg Albertsen
Georg Albert Christian Albertsen (12 July 1889 – 28 April 1961) was a Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Danish team, which was able to win the gold medal in the gymnastics men's team, free system event in 1920.