hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Rigby (rower)
John Brian Freeman Rigby (7 April 1906 – 19 June 1975) was a New Zealand rower. At the 1938 British Empire Games he won the silver medal as part of the men's coxed four. He was a member of the Petone Rowing Club, and his team members in the 1938 boat were Jim Clayton (stroke), Albert Hope, Ken Boswell, and George Burns (cox).

Rigby died on 19 June 1975, and his ashes were buried at Karori Cemetery, Wellington.

1938 British Empire Games
The 1938 British Empire Games were the third British Empire Games, the event that evolved to become the Commonwealth Games. Held in Sydney, Australia, from 5–12 February 1938, they were timed to coincide with Sydney's sesqui-centenary (150 years since the foundation of British settlement in Australia). Venues included the Sydney Cricket Ground (the main stadium), the North Sydney Olympic Pool and Henson Park. An estimated 40,000 people attended the opening ceremony. A men's residential village was established within the grounds of the Sydney Showground, while the female athletes were housed in hotels.

The star of the games was the Australian athlete Decima Norman, who won five gold medals in track and field. Margaret Dovey, later married to Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam, finished sixth in the 220 yards breaststroke.

Due to the onset of World War II, the games were not held again until 1950.
Upton Fen
Upton Fen lies within The Broads National Park in Norfolk, England.

It is a nature reserve in the care of Norfolk Wildlife Trust. Notable species found on the reserve include:
Eurasian bittern,
hobby,
Norfolk hawker and 
Old World swallowtail.

Papilio machaon
Papilio machaon, the Old World swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. The butterfly is also known as the common yellow swallowtail or simply the swallowtail (a common name applied to all members of the family, but this species was the first to be given the name). It is the type species of the genus Papilio. This widespread species is found in much of the Palearctic (it is the only swallowtail in most of Europe) and in North America.
Al-Abbas (missile)
The al-Abbas missile was an Iraqi Short-range, Surface-to-surface Ballistic missile that was a longer range version of the al-Hussein missile designed to reach most of the Middle East including the Strait of Hormuz. It too was a Scud missile derivative.

Short-range ballistic missile
A short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range of 300 km (190 mi) to 1,000 km (620 mi). In past and potential regional conflicts, these missiles have been and would be used because of the short distances between some countries and their relative low cost and ease of configuration. In modern terminology, SRBMs are part of the wider grouping of theatre ballistic missiles, which includes any ballistic missile with a range of less than 3,500 km.
Albula District
Albula District was one of the eleven administrative districts in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It had an area of 723.13 km² and had a population of 8,210 in 2015.  It was replaced with the Albula Region on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the Canton.

Albula District consisted of four Kreise (sub-districts) Alvaschein, Belfort, Bergün and Surses, which are formed from a total of 8 municipalities following mergers in 2015 and 2016.

Albula Region
Albula Region is one of the eleven administrative districts in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It has an area of 683.51 square kilometers (263.90 sq mi) and a population of 8,175 (as of 31 December 2020).  It was created on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the Canton.
Compton Chine
Compton Chine is a geological feature on the south west coast of the Isle of Wight, England. It lies between the village of Brook to the east and Freshwater Bay to the west.  It is a small sandy coastal gully, one of a number of such chines on the island created by stream erosion of soft Cretaceous rocks. It leads from the 50 foot high clifftop to the beach of Compton Bay.

The Chine drains water off the slopes of Compton Down, to the north, into the sea.

The Isle of Wight Coastal Path crosses the top of the chine via a small footbridge.

Freshwater, Isle of Wight
Freshwater is a large village and civil parish at the western end of the Isle of Wight, England. The southern, coastal village is Freshwater Bay, named for the adjacent small cove.
Freshwater sits at the western end of the region known as the Back of the Wight or the West Wight, a popular tourist area.

Freshwater is close to steep chalk cliffs. It was the birthplace of physicist Robert Hooke and was the home of Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson.
Perris Elementary School District
The Perris Elementary School District is the organization responsible for the administration of public elementary schools (K-6) in the city of Perris, California in the United States. The district currently administers eight elementary schools.

The district is administered by a superintendent and a five-member school board.

The district includes portions of Perris as well as all of the Good Hope census-designated place and parts of Lake Elsinore and parts of the Mead Valley and Meadowbrook CDPs. It feeds into the Perris Union High School District for grades 7-12.

Superintendent (education)
In the American education system, a superintendent or superintendent of schools is an administrator of a school district, a local government body overseeing public schools. All school principals in a respective school district report to the superintendent.

The role and powers of the superintendent vary among areas according to Sharp and Walter, a popularly held opinion is that "the most important role of the board of education is to hire its superintendent."
Cover Stories
Cover Stories is a charity tribute album in which various artists cover songs from Brandi Carlile's 2007 studio album, The Story. Benefits from the album, which was released on May 5, 2017, will benefit the organization War Child UK.

War Child (charity)
War Child International is an independent non-government organization founded in 1993 by film-makers Bill Leeson, David Wilson, and peace activist Willemijn Verloop. The organization works with parents, caregivers, community members, NGOs, governments, corporations, and other partners worldwide to ensure that children have access to protection, education and psychosocial support. War Child's work is rooted in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The organization established War Child UK in 1994, War Child Holland in 1995, War Child Canada in 1999, and War Child Australia in 2002.
Cheese straw
Cheese straws are a traditional food of England and the Southern United States. They are eaten as an appetizer or snack.  They are made as cut strips, or by using a cookie press, from dough made with butter, flour, salt, cheddar cheese and cayenne pepper. Variations use different types of cheese, spices and nuts. An early recipe for cheese straws was labelled "cayenne cheese fingers" in Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management.

Cookie press
A cookie press, also known as a cookie gun, is a device for making pressed cookies such as spritz cookies. It consists of a cylinder with a plunger on one end, which is used to extrude cookie dough through a small hole at the other end. Typically the cookie press has interchangeable perforated plates with holes in different shapes, such as a star shape or a narrow slit to extrude the dough in ribbons.
Cramton Bowl
Cramton Bowl is a 21,000-seat stadium located in Montgomery, Alabama. Cramton Bowl opened in 1922 as a baseball stadium and has been home to Major League Baseball spring training and to minor league baseball. Today, however, its primary use is for American football.

It is the host of the annual Salute to Veterans Bowl (formerly the Camellia Bowl) for the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS); the FCS Kickoff, an annual season-opening game in the Division I Football Championship Subdivision; and of Montgomery's five high school squads. It was previously home to the former Blue–Gray Football Classic, a collegiate all-star game usually played on Christmas Day, the Alabama State Hornets football team, and hosted the first ever football game played under the lights in the South.

All-star
An all-star team is a group of people all having a high level of performance in their field.  Originating in sports, it has since drifted into vernacular and has been borrowed heavily by the entertainment industry.
White Tigers (gang)
The White Tigers (Chinese: 白虎; Jyutping: Baak6 Fu2) were a Chinese American street gang that was prominent in New York City's Flushing, Queens, and northern area of Chinatown from the early 1980s to the mid 1990s. They were formed in 1980 by immigrants from China of the ethnicity of Cantonese and Taiwanese, and ABCs (American-born Chinese). They adopted the color white as their clothing to match the name of the set. Throughout the 80s, the gang was often engaged in bloody turf wars with other Queens gangs, such as the younger Green Dragons. Their activities included extortion, kidnapping, illegal gambling, racketeering, drug trafficking, human trafficking, arson and murder.

Gaming law
Gambling law is the set of rules and regulations that apply to the gaming or gambling industry. Gaming law is not a branch of law in the traditional sense but rather is a collection of several areas of law that include criminal law, regulatory law, constitutional law, administrative law, company law, contract law, and in some jurisdictions, competition law. At common law, gambling requires consideration, chance and prize, legal terms that must be analyzed by gaming lawyers within the context of any gaming operation.

Gaming law is enormously complex. In the United States, it involves federal and state law considerations, and gaming control boards. In Canada, it involves federal and provincial law considerations, in a variety of legal disciplines.
Ximenia americana
Ximenia americana, commonly known as tallow wood, hog plum, yellow plum, sea lemon, or pi'ut (Chamorro), is bush-forming shrub/small tree; a species from the Ximenia genus in the Olacaceae family. It is mainly found in the tropics, ranging from Africa, India and southeast Asia, to Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, West Indies, Central, North and South America. It is especially common in Africa and South America. It is not domesticated so it is only found occurring in the wild.

They grow in areas with more than 500 mm of mean annual rainfall and up to heights of 2000 m. It is commonly found in a variety of diverse habitats ranging from dry woodlands, hilly areas to coastal bushlands, along riverbanks, and mangroves They are commonly found in poor and dry soil types. The plant has not been domesticated; as such, it only occurs in the wild.

Bushland
In Australia, bushland is a blanket term for land which supports remnant vegetation or land which is disturbed but still retains a predominance of the original floristics and structure.

Human survival in bushland has a whole mythology evolving around it, with the stories of Aboriginal trackers and bushrangers deeply entrenched in Australian folklore. Bushland has been a traditional source of wood for fuel and bushfood.

Bushland provides a number of ecosystem services including the protection of water quality, stopping erosion, acting as a windbreak, and trapping nutrients. 
Bushland is prone to bushfires.  This presents a challenge to authorities as infrastructure and habitations encroach into bushland areas.
Katelynn Phelan
Katelynn Phelan (born 22 May 2000) is an Irish professional boxer who has held the WBC Youth female and WIBA welterweight titles since October 2020. As an amateur she won a bronze medal at the 2017 Youth Women's World Championships.

2017 AIBA Youth Women's World Boxing Championships
The 2017 AIBA Youth Women's World Boxing Championships were held in Guwahati, India, from 19 to 26 November 2017. The competition is under the supervision of the world's governing body for amateur boxing AIBA and is the junior version of the World Amateur Boxing Championships. Boxers aged between 17 and 18 as of 1 January 2017 were eligible to compete.
ATOMKI
ATOMKI is the Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The institute is located in Debrecen and was established in 1954 by Sándor Szalay, the founding director.

ATOMKI became independent from the Institute of Experimental Physics of the Kossuth Lajos University (presently called University of Debrecen), where Sándor Szalay started and directed nuclear physics research for decades. At present, the main research fields of Atomki are atom-, nuclear-, and particle physics, ion beam analytics, technique of detection and signal processing, environmental analytics, radioactive dating, radiochemistry, and solid state physics. The director is Zsolt Dombrádi, D.Sc.

Some of its buildings were originally the National Orphanage for Teachers' Children, built in 1917.

Sándor Szalay (physicist)
Sándor Szalay, Sr. (4 October 1909 – 11 October 1987) was a pioneer of Hungarian nuclear physics.

He discovered a natural mechanism for uranium enrichment, which led to the discovery of several uranium deposits including an enriched deposit in the Mecsek Mountains of Hungary. In 1955 he collaborated with Gyula Csikai to discover the neutrino, a weakly interactive particle. In a photograph of a cloud chamber, they found a nucleus changing direction, which they interpreted as the emission of a neutrino. (The antineutrino was detected by Frederick Reines and Clyde Cowan in 1953, a discovery for which Reines was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics.) Szalay also founded the Institute of Nuclear Research, a branch of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He is considered the father of Hungarian nuclear physics.
Beerwah railway station
Beerwah railway station is a heritage-listed railway station on the North Coast line in Queensland, Australia. It serves the town of Beerwah in the Sunshine Coast Region. It is listed on the Sunshine Coast Region Heritage Register.

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
Chris Phillips
Chris Phillips (born March 9, 1978) is a Canadian businessman and former professional ice hockey player. Phillips was a member of the Ottawa Senators for his entire NHL career, which began with the 1997–98 season and ended with the 2015–16 season. He was regarded as a stay-at-home defenceman. The Senators drafted him first overall in the 1996 NHL entry draft. Phillips retired in 2016 after spending a season on the injured list. Phillips played 1,179 games with Ottawa in the regular season, making him the longest-serving player in Senators franchise history. In addition, he played in 114 playoff games. His number was retired by the team in 2019.

Phillips worked in community and business development for the Senators from 2015 to 2021, when he resigned as the executive director of the Senators Community Foundation after a dispute with owner Eugene Melnyk. After Melnyk's death, he rejoined the organization in September 2022 as the Vice President of Community and Business Development.

Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy
The Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy is presented annually to the Western Hockey League player selected as the most proficient in his first year of competition. The award is named after Saskatoon Blades founder Jim Piggott, one of the founding fathers of what is today the Western Hockey League.

The trophy was previously named the Stewart "Butch" Paul Memorial Trophy. Butch Paul was a player for the Edmonton Oil Kings in the 1960s, leading the team to three straight Western Canada Championships, and a Memorial Cup in 1963. He later played for the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL) and during his second year in the organization he died in a car accident on March 25, 1966.
Dick Barnett
Richard Barnett (October 2, 1936 – April 27, 2025) was an American professional basketball player who was a shooting guard in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Syracuse Nationals, Los Angeles Lakers, and New York Knicks. He won two NBA championships with the Knicks. Barnett was also a member of the Cleveland Pipers in the American Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Tennessee A&I State Tigers. Barnett was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2024.

Tennessee State University
Tennessee State University (Tennessee State, Tenn State, or TSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, it is the only state-funded historically black university in Tennessee. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. Tennessee State University offers 41 bachelor's degrees, 23 master's degrees, and eight doctoral degrees. It is classified as "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Evans Correctional Institution
Evans Correctional Institution is a medium-security state prison for men located in Bennettsville, Marlboro County, South Carolina, owned and operated by the South Carolina Department of Corrections.

The facility was opened in 1989 and named for Josiah J Evans, a former judge and Senator from the Marlboro area.  The prison has a capacity of 1342 inmates held at medium security.

South Carolina Department of Corrections
The South Carolina Department of Corrections (SCDC) is the agency responsible for corrections in the U.S. state of South Carolina.  It currently has about 4,500 employees and just over 15,000 inmates, in 21 institutions. The agency has its headquarters in Columbia.
Guaçu Piteri
Guaçu Piteri (6 April 1935 – 6 June 2021) was a Brazilian politician who served as a deputy of São Paulo (1975–1977). He also served as the second (1967–1970) and fifth (1977–1982) mayor of Osasco, succeeding Francisco Rossi.

Osasco
Osasco (Portuguese pronunciation: [oˈzasku]) is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil, located in the Greater São Paulo area and ranking fifth in population among São Paulo municipalities. According to the IBGE 2015, Osasco currently has the ninth highest gross domestic product in Brazil, and the second largest in the state of São Paulo. The population is 699,944 (2020 est.) in an area of 64.95 km2 (25.08 sq mi). It is among the world's more densely populated cities, similar in density to Tokyo and New York City.  It is considered the major urban centre of the western portion of Greater São Paulo. It was a district of the city of São Paulo until February 19, 1962, when Osasco became a municipality of its own. The city motto is Urbs labor, a Latin phrase that means "City work."
Water Works Park (Des Moines)
Water Works Park is a 1,500-acre park southwest of downtown Des Moines, Iowa and contains the Des Moines Water Works (DMWW) which is a publicly owned municipal water utility that supplies the greater Des Moines metropolitan area. It is one of the largest urban parks in the United States. Located along the Raccoon River west of Fleur Drive, the park offers trails, picnic areas, grills, and fields.

Des Moines metropolitan area
The Des Moines metropolitan area, officially known as the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is located at the confluence of the Des Moines River and the Raccoon River. Des Moines serves as the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Iowa. The metro area consists of six counties in central Iowa: Polk, Dallas, Warren, Madison, Guthrie, and Jasper. The Des Moines–Ames–West Des Moines Combined Statistical Area (CSA) encompasses the separate metropolitan area of Ames (Story County), and the separate micropolitan area of Boone (Boone County). The Des Moines area is a fast-growing metro area.
Law of Brazil
The law of Brazil is based on statutes and, partly and more recently, a mechanism called súmulas vinculantes. It derives mainly from the European civil law systems, particularly the Portuguese, the Napoleonic French and the German (especially the German Civil Code).

There are many codified statutes in force in Brazil. The current Federal Constitution, created on October 5, 1988, is the supreme law of the country. This Constitution has been amended many times. Other important federal law documents in the country include the Civil Code, the Penal Code, the Commercial Code, the National Tax Code, the Consolidation of Labor Laws, the Customer Defense Code, the Code of Civil Procedure, and the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Superior Court of Justice (Brazil)
The Superior Court of Justice (Portuguese: Superior Tribunal de Justiça, also known as STJ, IPA: [ˌɛsiteˈʒɔtɐ]) is the highest appellate court in Brazil for non-constitutional issues regarding federal law. The STJ also has original jurisdiction over some cases. Its jurisdiction is provided for in Article 105 of the Brazilian Constitution.

A Special Appeal (in Portuguese, Recurso Especial) can be made to this court when a judgement by any of the country's appellate courts goes against a federal statutory provision or when said courts have issued different interpretations of the same federal statute.

By rule, the STJ decides only issues of law, and does not analyze any factual issues pertaining the cases' probatory elements, about which the appellate courts give the last word.

As in other superior courts in Brazil, STJ's justices are called "ministers" (Portuguese: ministros), not to be confused with ministers from the executive branch.
Alun Pugh
Alun John Pugh (born 9 June 1955) is a Welsh politician who served as the Member of the National Assembly for Wales (AM) for Clwyd West from 1999 to 2007. A member of Welsh Labour, he is a former Welsh Assembly Government Minister for Culture, Welsh Language and Sport. Pugh lives in Ruthin but resided in Deganwy, Conwy for much of his time in North Wales. He has learnt Welsh as an adult.

Welsh Labour
Welsh Labour (Welsh: Llafur Cymru), formerly known as the Labour Party in Wales (Welsh: Y Blaid Lafur yng Nghymru), is an autonomous section of the United Kingdom Labour Party in Wales and the largest party in the modern politics of Wales. Welsh Labour and its forebears have won a plurality of the Welsh vote at every United Kingdom general election since 1922, every National Assembly (now Senedd) election since 1999, and all elections to the European Parliament in the period 1979–2004 and in 2014. Welsh Labour holds 27 of the 32 Welsh seats in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, 29 of the 60 seats in the Welsh Senedd, and 576 of the 1,264 councillors in principal local authorities including overall control of 10 of the 22 principal local authorities.

It has longest winning streak of any political party in the world and has been described as "by some distance the democratic world's most successful election-winning machine".