hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oda Nobukatsu
Oda Nobukatsu (織田 信雄; 1558 – June 10, 1630) also known as Kitabatake Tomotoyo was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi–Momoyama period. He was the second son of Oda Nobunaga. He was adopted as the head of the Kitabatake clan from Ise Province. He survived the decline of the Oda clan from political prominence, becoming a daimyō in the early Edo period. Though often described as an incompetent general, Nobukatsu was a skilled warrior. In the battle of Komaki and Nagakute, he used a 13th-century tachi of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school, to slay a samurai known as Okada Sukesaburō. The blade came to be known as "Okada-giri Yoshifusa", now a national treasure.

Iga Province
Iga Province (伊賀国, Iga no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), iꜜ.ŋa-]) was a province of Japan located in what is today part of western Mie Prefecture.   Its abbreviated name was Ishū (伊州). Iga is classified as one of the provinces of the Tōkaidō. Under the Engishiki classification system, Iga was ranked as an "inferior country" (下国 gekoku) and a "near country" (近国 kingoku).

Iga was bordered by Ise to the east and south, Ōmi to the north, Yamato to the west and south, and Yamashiro Province to the northwest. It roughly coincides with the modern municipalities of Iga and Nabari in Mie Prefecture as well as Yagyu in Nara Prefecture. Surrounded by mountains, historically, Iga Province was rather inaccessible due to extremely poor road conditions. However, the area is now relatively easy to access from nearby Nara and Kyoto, as well as the larger cities of Osaka and Nagoya.
Brookings (surname)
Brookings is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Robert S. Brookings (1850–1932), American businessman and philanthropist

Wilmot Brookings (1830–1905), American pioneer, frontier judge, and politician

Josh Brooking (born 2002), English footballer

Wilmot Brookings
Wilmot Wood Brookings (October 23, 1830 – June 13, 1905) was an American pioneer, frontier judge, and early South Dakotan politician. He was provisional governor of the Dakota Territory, and both the cities of Wilmot and Brookings as well as the county of Brookings, South Dakota are named for him.
2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's pentathlon
The women's pentathlon at the 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships took place on the short track of the Nanjing's Cube at Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park in Nanjing, China, on 21 March 2025. This was the 17th time the event was contested at the World Athletics Indoor Championships. Athletes could qualify by achieving the entry standard or by their World Athletics Ranking in the event.

The 60 metres hurdles, high jump and shot put took place on 21 March during the morning session. The long jump and 800 metres took place on 21 March during the evening session.

2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships
The 20th World Athletics Indoor Championships were held from 21 to 23 March 2025 in Nanjing, People's Republic of China, at the newly built Nanjing's Cube gymnasium in the Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park.

Nanjing was originally due to host the World Athletics Indoor Championships in 2020, then in 2021, and then again in 2023, but all these dates were cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic regulations in China. The 2022 edition took place in Belgrade, Serbia, and the 2024 edition in Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Royersford station
Royersford station is a former train station in Royersford, Pennsylvania. It is located on Main Street. It was originally built by the Reading Railroad, and later served the SEPTA diesel service line extending from the Norristown section of the Manayunk/Norristown Line to Pottsville. It was taken out of service in 1981, when SEPTA cancelled the diesel service.

Royersford, Pennsylvania
Royersford is a borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States, 32 miles (51 km) northwest of Philadelphia, on the Schuylkill River. As of the 2020 census, Royersford had a population of 4,940.
La Barre Monument
The La Barre Monument (French: Monument La Barre) is a secular monument in Abbeville, (Somme), France. It lies near the railway station (Gare d'Abbeville), next to the canal aqueduct over the River Somme.

It was erected in 1907, by public subscription, in commemoration of the ordeal of François-Jean de la Barre, known as the Chevalier (en|Knight) de La Barre. In 1766, at Abbeville, La Barre was tried, found guilty, and executed for failing to salute a religious procession. The monument is today an annual gathering point for defenders of secularism and freethinking.

Abbeville station
Abbeville is a railway station serving the town of Abbeville, Somme department, in Hauts-de-France, northern France. It is on the Longueau–Boulogne railway and is the terminus of the Abbeville–Eu railway. It is served principally by TER Hauts-de-France trains.
Beauty Unadorned
Beauty Unadorned is a 1913 silent short film directed by Sidney Drew, L. Rogers Lytton and James Young. It starred Drew and Clara Kimball Young who was the wife of Young. It was produced by the Vitagraph Company of America. It survives, incomplete, in the Library of Congress collection.

Vitagraph Studios
Vitagraph Studios, also known as the Vitagraph Company of America, was a United States motion picture studio. It was founded by J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith in 1897 in Brooklyn, New York, as the American Vitagraph Company. By 1907, it was the most prolific American film production company, producing many famous silent films. It was bought by Warner Bros. in 1925.
Park Jong-hun (baseball)
Park Jong-hun (born August 13, 1991) is a South Korean professional baseball pitcher for the SSG Landers of the KBO League.

He is known for his submarine pitch style.

He represented South Korea at the 2018 Asian Games and the WSBC Premier12.

He is on the roster for the South Korea Olympics Team 2020

WBSC Premier12
The WBSC Premier12 is the international baseball tournament organized by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), featuring the 12 highest-ranked national baseball teams in the world. The first tournament was held by Taiwan and Japan in November 2015. The second tournament, 2019 WBSC Premier12, was held in November 2019, and served as a qualifier for two teams for baseball at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Large margin nearest neighbor
Large margin nearest neighbor (LMNN) classification is a statistical machine learning algorithm for metric learning. It learns a pseudometric designed for k-nearest neighbor classification. The algorithm is based on semidefinite programming, a sub-class of convex optimization.

The goal of supervised learning (more specifically classification) is to learn a decision rule that can categorize data instances into pre-defined classes. The  k-nearest neighbor rule assumes a training data set of labeled instances (i.e. the classes are known). It classifies a new data instance with the class obtained from the majority vote of the k closest (labeled) training instances. Closeness is measured with a pre-defined metric. Large margin nearest neighbors is an algorithm that learns this global (pseudo-)metric in a supervised fashion to improve the classification accuracy of the k-nearest neighbor rule.

Supervised learning
In machine learning, supervised learning (SL) is a type of machine learning paradigm where an algorithm learns to map input data to a specific output based on example input-output pairs. This process involves training a statistical model using labeled data, meaning each piece of input data is provided with the correct output. For instance, if you want a model to identify cats in images, supervised learning would involve feeding it many images of cats (inputs) that are explicitly labeled "cat" (outputs).

The goal of supervised learning is for the trained model to accurately predict the output for new, unseen data. This requires the algorithm to effectively generalize from the training examples, a quality measured by its generalization error. Supervised learning is commonly used for tasks like classification (predicting a category, e.g., spam or not spam) and regression (predicting a continuous value, e.g., house prices).
C&R Clothiers
C&R Clothiers was a large chain of men's suit and furnishings stores based in Culver City, California. As of 1990 it had 67 stores across California. The chain dates back to 1948.

The company declared bankruptcy in 1996 and sold some of the stores to Men's Wearhouse, which created a Value Priced Clothing division from both C&R Clothiers Inc. and the NAL chain.

Tailored Brands
Tailored Brands, Inc. is an American retail holding company for various men's apparel stores, including the Men's Wearhouse and Jos. A. Bank brands. The company is headquartered in Houston, Texas, with additional corporate offices in Dublin, California and New York, New York.

The company operates Men's Wearhouse, K&G Superstores (an off-price retail chain), Moores Clothing for Men (a Canadian chain of men's clothing stores), and Jos. A. Bank. In 2013, the company added the Joseph Abboud brand to its lineup.
Snailsbury Tales
Snailsbury Tales is a British 2002 animated children's television series broadcast on the BBC (on both the CBBC channel and its BBC Two slot) between 2002 and 2005 and moved to Tiny Pop between 2006 and 2010. It was produced by Maverick Entertainment.

The animated series itself was about a fictional town called Snailsbury whose inhabitants were all anthropomorphic snails. Much of the humour derived from the fact that it would take 10 days to visit the shops, or that the fire service was proud of their ability to move at 0.1 mph.

The show's voice cast featured Jon Culshaw as the Narrator, and additional voices, alongside David Holt, Sheila Steafel and Mike Hurley providing the voices of all the female characters and other additional voices such as the children. Backgrounds were drawn by Matt Cooley, an art teacher at Wanstead High School. About twenty-seven ten-minute episodes of Snailsbury Tales were produced over one single season.

Snail
A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name snail is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called slugs, and land snails that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are sometimes called semi-slugs.
Sonia Bermúdez (footballer)
Sonia Bermúdez Tribano (born 15 November 1984), commonly known as Sonia or Soni,  is a Spanish football manager and former footballer who is currently the head coach of the Spain women's national team.

In her playing career, Bermúdez began at her local club Rayo Vallecano, where she captured three consecutive league titles. She then joined FC Barcelona, adding four more successive league championships to her record, with a brief spell at NWSL side Western New York Flash in between. Bermúdez later enjoyed further success with Atlético Madrid before concluding her career at Levante.

After retiring in 2020, Bermúdez began her coaching career with the U19 and U20 women's teams of Spain during which she won back-to-back Under-19 Championships in 2023 and 2024. In 2025, she became the national coach of the Spain women's senior team.

Copa de la Reina de Fútbol
The Copa de la Reina (Queen's Cup) is an annual cup competition for Spanish women's association football teams organized by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. Its full name is Campeonato de España - Copa de Su Majestad la Reina (Championship of Spain - Her Majesty the Queen's Cup).
South African Class 5M2
The Class 5M2 and Class 5M2A are electric multiple units that provide commuter rail services operated by Metrorail in the major cities of South Africa. The original Class 5M2 trainsets were built for the South African Railways by Metro-Cammell between 1958 and 1960. Most of those in use today, however, are of Class 5M2A, built to the same design by Union Carriage & Wagon (UCW) from 1962 to 1985; a total of 4,447 coaches were built by UCW.

A programme began in the 2000s to rebuild the trains, which were subsequently designated Class 10M3, 10M4 and 10M5. Class 5M2A coaches were stripped down to the underframe, which was then used as the base for the Class 10Ms.

Transnet Freight Rail
Transnet Freight Rail is a South African rail transport company, formerly known as Spoornet.  It was part of the South African Railways and Harbours Administration, a state-controlled organisation that employed hundreds of thousands of people for decades from the first half of the 20th century and was widely referred to by the initials SAR&H (SAS&H in Afrikaans). Customer complaints about serious problems with Transnet Freight Rail's service were reported in 2010. Its head office is in Inyanda House in Parktown, Johannesburg.
Prithipal Singh
Prithipal Singh (28 January 1932 – 20 May 1983) was an Indian field hockey player who played as a halfback. He was a member of the India national team that won a gold medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and silver and bronze at the 1960 Rome Olympics and bronze at the 1968 Mexico Olympics respectively.

Singh was nicknamed the 'King of short corner' by hockey commentators. He was known for sharp reflexes, tremendous strength in his long and powerful arms produced firm and sticking shots which unfailingly fetched him goals and often the winners. The Evening Post (New Zealand) commented in 1961 that to face the fury of Prithipal's hit is to risk one's life. Another author commented that if Arjuna was the maharathi (great warrior) of the Mahabharata war, Prithipal was the maharathi of the International Hockey game. The first-ever Arjuna Award to a hockey player was conferred upon him in 1961, which was later followed by the Padma Shri in 1967.

Railway Protection Force
The Railway Protection Force (RPF) is a security force in India under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. The force was established by the RPF Act, 1957, enacted by the Indian Parliament for "the better protection and security of railway property and passenger area". It has the power to search, arrest, enquire, and prosecute offenses committed under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 and the Railways Act, 1989 (amended from time to time). RPF has also been entrusted with the responsibility of security of railway passenger area and railway passengers since 2004. However the power of arrests under other penal laws rests in the hands of the Government Railway Police (GRP) of each state.

Currently, Sonali Mishra (IPS) is Director General of Railway Protection Force.
Denniston Plateau
Denniston Plateau (technically the Denniston-Stockton Plateau) is an 18 km long, 600–800 m high coalfield plateau in the Papahaua Range on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand. A combination of impermeable rock, high rainfall, and shallow acidic soil has created a unique ecosystem of stunted trees and heath-like vegetation which is home to numerous endemic and undescribed species of plants and invertebrates. The plateau contains rich seams of high-quality coal, which led to the creation and abandonment of the mining towns of Denniston and Millerton, and the current Stockton Mine. Plans to create a new open-cast mine on the southern part of the plateau have become an environmental controversy.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Kate Boutilier
Kate Boutilier is an American screenwriter and producer whose credits include the animated television series Rugrats, The Wild Thornberrys, All Grown Up! and Holly Hobbie & Friends, and the feature films The Wild Thornberrys Movie, Rugrats Go Wild, and Rugrats in Paris. She co-created and produced the series Poppy Cat and The Mr. Men Show, and co-showran the Rugrats reboot.

Poppy Cat (TV series)
Poppy Cat (alternatively The Extraordinary Adventures of Poppy Cat) is a British preschool animated television series, which first aired on May 2, 2011 and last aired on October 31, 2015. It is based on a series of books created by British illustrator and writer Lara Jones, and is a co-production of King Rollo Films, Coolabi Productions, Cake Entertainment and Ingenious Media (season 2) for Nick Jr. in the UK and Sprout (season 2) in the U.S., and was dubbed by Klasky Csupo for U.S. production.
Apache Cocoon
Apache Cocoon, usually abbreviated as Cocoon, is a web application framework built around the concepts of Pipeline, separation of concerns, and component-based web development.  The framework focuses on XML and XSLT publishing and is built using the Java programming language.  Cocoon's use of XML is intended to improve compatibility of publishing formats, such as HTML and PDF. The content management systems Apache Lenya and Daisy have been created on top of the framework.  Cocoon is also commonly used as a data warehousing ETL tool or as middleware for transporting data between systems.

Data warehouse
In computing, a data warehouse (DW or DWH), also known as an enterprise data warehouse (EDW), is a system used for reporting and data analysis and is a core component of business intelligence. Data warehouses are central repositories of data integrated from disparate sources. They store current and historical data organized in a way that is optimized for data analysis, generation of reports, and developing insights across the integrated data. They are intended to be used by analysts and managers to help make organizational decisions.

The data stored in the warehouse is uploaded from operational systems (such as marketing or sales). The data may pass through an operational data store and may require data cleansing for additional operations to ensure data quality before it is used in the data warehouse for reporting.

The two main workflows for building a data warehouse system are extract, transform, load (ETL) and extract, load, transform (ELT).
Pristava, Nova Gorica
Pristava (pronounced [pɾiˈstaːʋa]; Italian: Prestava, Friulian: Rafût, German: Prestau), also known locally as Rafut (pronounced [ɾaˈfuːt]), is one of the four suburbs of the town of Nova Gorica in the Gorizia region of western Slovenia (the other three are Solkan, Rožna Dolina, and Kromberk).

Between the late 18th century and 1947, it used to be a suburb of the town of Gorizia (now in Italy). When the city was partitioned in 1947, most of the city center remained in Italy, while its eastern suburbs were annexed to Yugoslavia. Part of Pristava (Rafut) remained in Italy, and while part of it became part of Slovenia. In some cases, the border was drawn literally between individual houses. Until Slovenia's entry into the Schengen zone in 2007, a local border crossing operated in Pristava.

The Kostanjevica Monastery, in which Charles X of France is buried, is located on a hill above the settlement.

Friulian language
Friulian (/friˈuːliən/ free-OO-lee-ən) or Friulan (endonym: furlan [fuɾˈlaŋ] ⓘ; Italian: friulano; Austrian German: Furlanisch; Slovene: furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family.  Friulian is spoken in the historical region of Friuli (nowadays 90% of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and a little part of Veneto region) in the northeastern part of Italy and has around 600,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes called Eastern Ladin since it shares the same roots as Ladin, but over the centuries, it has diverged under the influence of surrounding languages, including German, Italian, Venetian, and Slovene. Documents in Friulian are attested from the 11th century and poetry and literature date as far back as 1300. By the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in the language.
Wainstein
Wainstein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jules Wainstein, reality television personality on The Real Housewives of New York City

Kenneth L. Wainstein (born 1962), American lawyer

Leo Wainstein (1883–1978), Ukrainian-born Italian jurist and businessman

Kenneth L. Wainstein
Kenneth Leonard Wainstein (born 1962) is an American lawyer. He served as the first assistant attorney general for national security, and later as the homeland security advisor to United States President George W. Bush. In 2022 under the Biden administration, he was appointed under secretary of homeland security for intelligence and analysis. He served in this position until 2025.
Radio jamming in Korea
Radio jamming on the Korean Peninsula makes the border region one of the world's busiest places for radio signals. Medium wave jamming is dominant in the area including Seoul and the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). South Korea jams all radio and television broadcasts from North Korea.

North Korea jams South Korean state broadcasts and foreign shortwave broadcast services which it believes to be against the North Korean regime. These include the Korean language service of the Free North Korea Radio (which originates from US transmitters in Guam), and several other services and broadcasts. It historically jammed Voice of America and Radio Free Asia until both services shut down in 2025.

KBS1
KBS 1TV (Korean: KBS 제1텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel that launched on 31 December 1961 and is owned by Korean Broadcasting System. The channel offers more serious programming than its sister channel KBS2, and airs with no commercials.
Keshu
Keshu is a 2009 Indian Malayalam children's film directed by Sivan. The film won by Best Children's Film award at the 57th National Film Awards. It also won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Children's Film of 2009.

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Wulugu
Wulugu is a town in the North East Region of Ghana carved from the old Northern Region. Its capital is Nalerigu. It is connected by road to the capital of the Northern Region, Tamale and the capital of the Upper East Region, Bolgatanga.

North East Region, Ghana
The North East Region is one of the sixteen regions of Ghana. It is located in the north of the country and was created in December 2018 after a referendum was voted upon to break it off of the Northern region. The region's capital is Nalerigu.
John Tidwell (basketball)
John W. Tidwell is an American former basketball player.  He played for the University of Michigan from 1958 to 1961 and broke the school's records for points scored (43) in a single game and single season.  He later became an obstetrician-gynecologist in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Yost Ice Arena
Yost Ice Arena, formerly the Fielding H. Yost Field House, is an indoor ice hockey arena located on the campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.  It is the home of the Michigan men's ice hockey team.

Yost Field House opened in 1923 and was the home of the Michigan men's basketball team until the Crisler Center opened in 1967. It was converted into an ice arena in 1973 and has been home of the men's ice hockey team since then. It also has been the home of Michigan's women's ice hockey club team since its establishment in 1994.