hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
D. Shelton A. Gunaratne
Dhavalasri Shelton Abeywickreme Gunaratne (Sinhala: ධවලෂ්‍රි ෂෙල්ටන් අබේවික්‍රම ගුණරත්න; 22 January 1940 – 8 March 2019) was a professor of mass communications emeritus affiliated with Minnesota State University Moorhead.

Xlibris
Xlibris is a self-publishing and on-demand printing services provider, founded in 1997 and based in Bloomington, Indiana, United States. In 2000, The New York Times stated it to be the foremost on-demand publisher. The current president is Bill Elliot.
Shunosaurus
Shunosaurus (lit. 'lizard from Sichuan') is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) beds in Sichuan Province in China, from 161 to 157 Million years ago. The name derives from "Shu", an ancient name for the Sichuan province.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
Prohibitory Act
The Prohibitory Act 1775 (16 Geo. 3. c. 5) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain in late 1775 which cut off all British trade with the rebellious Thirteen Colonies and instituted a blockade around the colonies, along with authorizing British vessels to seize colonial ships. In the text of the act, it referenced two acts passed by the last session of Parliament which were known as the Restraining Acts 1775. Issued after the outbreak of the American War of Independence in April 1775 with the Battles of Lexington and Concord, American Patriots responded to the act by issuing letters of marque to privateers, and it was referenced as one of the 27 colonial grievances of the United States Declaration of Independence.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
American frontier
The American frontier, also known as the Old West, and popularly known as the Wild West, encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that began with European colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last few contiguous western territories as states in 1912. This era of massive migration and settlement was particularly encouraged by President Thomas Jefferson following the Louisiana Purchase, giving rise to the expansionist attitude known as "manifest destiny" and historians' "Frontier Thesis". The legends, historical events and folklore of the American frontier, known as the frontier myth, have embedded themselves into United States culture so much so that the Old West, and the Western genre of media specifically, has become one of the defining features of American national identity.

Geography of the United States
The term "United States," when used in the geographic sense, refers to the contiguous United States (sometimes referred to as the Lower 48, including the District of Columbia not as a state), Alaska, Hawaii, the five insular territories of Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and minor outlying possessions. The United States shares land borders with Canada and Mexico and maritime borders with Russia, Cuba, the Bahamas, and many other countries, mainly in the Caribbean, in addition to Canada and Mexico. The northern border of the United States with Canada is the world's longest bi-national land border.

The state of Hawaii is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. U.S. territories are located in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean.
Otakar Německý
Otakar Německý (2 March 1902 – 18 March 1967) was a Czech Nordic skier. He competed for Czechoslovakia in Nordic combined and cross-country skiing in the 1920s.

He was born in Nové Město na Moravě. He was the younger brother of Josef Německý.

Německý won three medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with golds in the 18 km and Nordic combined (1925) and a silver in the Nordic combined (1927).

At the 1928 Winter Olympics he finished 16th in the 18 kilometre cross-country skiing event and ninth in the Nordic combined competition.

Nordic combined at the 1928 Winter Olympics
At the 1928 Winter Olympics one individual Nordic combined event was contested. It was held on Friday, February 17, 1928 (cross-country skiing) and on Saturday, February 18, 1928 (ski jumping). Unlike today the ski jump was the last event held. Both events were also individual medal events.
Tsuruoka
Tsuruoka (鶴岡市, Tsuruoka-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2020, the city had an estimated population of  125,389 in 49,024 households, and a population density of 95.74 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 1,311.53 square kilometres (506.38 square miles). Tsuruoka is the biggest city in Tōhoku region in terms of land area.

Today's Tsuruoka is the result of the fusion of several neighborhoods around the center of the city such as Atsumi, Asahi, Fujishima, Kushibiki, and Haguro in 1953.

Mount Yudono
Mount Yudono (湯殿山, Yudono-san) is one of the Three Mountains of Dewa in the ancient province of Dewa (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture). The Yudonosan Shrine, the most holy of the Dewa Sanzan shrines, is located on the mountain.

Pilgrims have to enter the shrine itself barefoot, and photography is not allowed. Due to heavy winter snowfall, the mountain and shrine are inaccessible for long periods of the year.
Laarbeek
Laarbeek (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlaːrbeːk] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the province of North Brabant in the south of the Netherlands. It was formed in 1997 from the former municipalities Beek en Donk, Aarle-Rixtel and Lieshout (which included the village Mariahout). Laarbeek is part of the city region 'Samenwerkingsverband Regio Eindhoven', centered on the city of Eindhoven. The town hall is located in Beek en Donk.

Lieshout is home of the Bavaria Brewery, one of the Netherlands' largest breweries which produces for local and foreign markets.

The Croy Castle is located near the village Aarle-Rixtel.

City region
City region is a term used by urbanists, economists and urban planners to refer to how one or more core cities are linked to a hinterland by functional ties, such as economic, housing-market, commuting, marketing or retail catchment factors. This concept emphasizes the importance of these functional relationships in understanding urban areas and their surrounding regions, often providing more insightful perspectives than the arbitrary boundaries assigned to administrative bodies.
Fabian Heldner
Fabian Heldner (born 24 June 1996) is a Swiss ice hockey player for Lausanne HC in the National League (NL) and the Swiss national team.

He represented Switzerland at the 2021 IIHF World Championship.

Switzerland men's national ice hockey team
The Switzerland men's national ice hockey team (German: Schweizer Eishockeynationalmannschaft; French: Équipe de Suisse de hockey sur glace; Italian: Nazionale di hockey su ghiaccio della Svizzera) is a founding member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.

As of 2026, the Swiss team is ranked 2nd in the IIHF World Rankings.
Calcareous sponge
The calcareous sponges or calcereans are sponges that make up the class Calcarea, characterized by spicules made of calcium carbonate in the form of high-magnesium calcite or aragonite. While the spicules in most species are triradiate (with three points in a single plane), some species may possess two- or four-pointed spicules. Unlike the far more common siliceous sponges, calcareans lack microscleres, tiny spicules which reinforce the flesh. In addition, their spicules develop from the outside-in, mineralizing within a hollow organic sheath.

Calcite
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed mostly of calcite has numerous uses.

Other polymorphs of calcium carbonate are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite over timescales of days or less at temperatures exceeding 300 °C, and vaterite is even less stable.
House of the Serb Community, Timișoara
The House of the Serb Community (Serbian: Дом српске заједнице, romanized: Dom srpske zajednice), also known as the Minerva Foundation House, is a historical building in the Fabric district of Timișoara, Romania.

Fabric, Timișoara
Fabric (Hungarian: Gyárváros; German: Fabrikstadt; Serbian: Фабрика, romanized: Fabrika) is one of the oldest historic districts of Timișoara, Romania. It is located in the central-eastern part of Timișoara, in the vicinity of the Cetate district, being a continuation of the historical city centre. Its name comes from the factories that were built here since its appearance in the 18th century.
Quebec Kebs
The Quebec Kebs (French: Kebs de Quebec) were a professional basketball team located in Laval, Quebec, formerly based in Quebec City, Quebec. The Kebs were part of the National Basketball League of Canada.  They also played in the Atlantic Division of the Premier Basketball League. Prior to May 2008, they played in the American Basketball Association. Kebs is short for Kebekwa, a phonetic spelling of the word Québécois, or "Quebecers." Prior to folding, the team was briefly renamed the Laval Kebs.

Laval, Quebec
Laval is a city in Quebec, Canada. It is in the southwest of the province, north of Montreal. It is the largest suburb of Montreal, the third-largest city in the province after Montreal and Quebec City, and the thirteenth largest city in Canada, with a population of 443,192 in 2021.

Laval is geographically separated from the mainland to the north by the Rivière des Mille Îles, and from the Island of Montreal to the south by the Rivière des Prairies. Laval occupies all of Île Jésus as well as the Îles Laval.

Laval constitutes one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec, with a region code of 13, as well as a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) with geographical code 65. It also constitutes the judicial district of Laval. It is the smallest administrative region in the province by area.
Astrotischeria astericola
Astrotischeria astericola is a moth of the family Tischeriidae. It was originally described by Annette Frances Braun as Tischeria astericola in 1972. It is found in eastern North American woodlands.

The larvae feed on woodland asters (Symphyotrichum), including Symphyotrichum cordifolium and Symphyotrichum lateriflorum. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Annette Braun
Annette Frances Braun (August 24, 1884 – November 27, 1978) was an American entomologist and leading authority on microlepidoptera, a grouping of mostly small and nocturnal moths. Her special interest was leaf miners: moths whose larvae live and feed from within a leaf.
Kryan Johnson
Kryan Johnson (born 23 March 1994) was a professional rugby league footballer who last played as a wing for Oldham in the Championship.

Johnson started playing rugby with Lock Lane when he was seven. He joined Featherstone on a junior scholarship when he was 13 but also played for Castleford Panthers until he was 16 when he signed exclusively with Featherstone. He also spent time on loan at the Hunslet Hawks in Kingstone Press League 1. In October 2017 he joined Oldham on a one-year deal.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
New Brunswick Confederation of Regions Party
The New Brunswick Confederation of Regions Party was a political party in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada. It was the only branch of the Confederation of Regions Party of Canada to win any seats in their respective legislature. Having won the second most seats in the 1991 provincial election, the party was the official opposition in the Legislative Assembly between 1991 and 1995, before losing all its seats in the following election.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Richard Ellis (journalist)
Richard Ellis is the executive director, editorial for the Telegraph Media Group. He joined the Sunday Telegraph in September 2001 as assistant editor in charge of the newsdesk after working at The Sunday Times, the Sunday and Daily Express, The Observer and The Sporting Life. He was appointed deputy editor in February 2006, and, after the dismissal of editor Sarah Sands that March, became acting editor for five weeks. He took up his current position in December 2006.

The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of The Daily Telegraph, also published by the Telegraph Media Group. The Sunday Telegraph was originally a separate operation with a different editorial staff, but since 2013 the Telegraph has been a seven-day operation. However, The Sunday Telegraph still has its own editor, different from that of The Daily Telegraph.

According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Sunday Telegraph had an average circulation of 214,711 copies per week in the first half of 2021.
Election Night (American Horror Story)
"Election Night" is the first episode and season premiere of the seventh season of the American horror anthology television series American Horror Story, subtitled Cult. It aired on September 5, 2017, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk, and directed by Bradley Buecker.

Season premiere
A season premiere is the first episode of a new season of a returning television show. In the United States, many season premieres are aired in the fall time or, for mid-season replacements, either in the spring or late winter.

In countries such as Australia and the United Kingdom, a season premiere can be broadcast at any time of the year. In Australia, the premieres of several shows are in mid- to late summer, late January or early February.
Picayune Municipal Airport
Picayune Municipal Airport (ICAO: MJD, FAA LID: KMJD) is a public-use airport located in the town of Picayune, Mississippi. It is located near Interstate 59. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Interstate 59
Interstate 59 (I-59) is an Interstate Highway located in the southeastern United States. It is a north–south route that spans 445.23 miles (716.53 km) from a junction with I-10 and I-12 at Slidell, Louisiana, to a junction with I-24 near Wildwood, Georgia.

The highway connects the metropolitan areas of New Orleans, Louisiana; Birmingham, Alabama; and Chattanooga, Tennessee, running closely parallel to the older U.S. Route 11 (US 11) corridor for the entire distance. Approximately one-third of the route, spanning 153 miles (246 km) from Meridian, Mississippi, to Birmingham, Alabama, overlaps that of the east–west I-20.

I-59 is a four-lane freeway along its entire route, other than a short stretch from Tuscaloosa, Alabama to the southern terminus of I-459 and in Birmingham, where it widens to six lanes or more. Aside from the metropolitan areas it passes through, the I-59 corridor is mainly rural in nature, especially in Georgia.
Granite Mountains (Alaska)
The Granite Mountains, also called Granite Mountain, is a small mountain range in the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. The Granite Mountains are southeast of Delta Junction, the nearest city. This mountain range is part of the larger Alaska Range.

Periglaciation
Periglaciation (adjective: "periglacial", referring to places at the edges of glacial areas) describes geomorphic processes that result from seasonal thawing and freezing, very often in areas of permafrost. The meltwater may refreeze in ice wedges and other structures. "Periglacial" originally suggested an environment located on the margin of past glaciers. However, freeze and thaw cycles influence landscapes also outside areas of past glaciation. Therefore, periglacial environments are anywhere when freezing and thawing modify the landscape in a significant manner.
Christoph W. Bauer
Christoph W. Bauer  (born 1968 in Kolbnitz) is an Austrian author. He grew up in Lienz and Kirchberg in Tirol and is currently living in Innsbruck.

His works have been awarded with the Prize of the Academy of Graz (2001), with the Reinhard-Priessnitz-Prize (2001) and the Prize for Lyricism by the city Innsbruck (2002). Furthermore, he won the 2002 Audience Award of the Ingeborg-Bachmann-Competition in Klagenfurt. Christoph W. Bauer was also chief editor of the literary journal Wagnis.

Christoph W. Bauer explains his work as a continuation of existing traditions. He identifies himself with a poeta legens, who finds, changes, renews and continues topics from the world literature.

Klagenfurt
Klagenfurt am Wörthersee (/ˈklɑːɡənfʊərt/; German: [ˌklaːɡn̩fʊʁt ʔam ˈvœʁtɐzeː] ⓘ; Slovene: Celovec; Austro-Bavarian: Klognfuat; Carinthian Slovene: Clouvc), usually known as simply Klagenfurt (English: /ˈklɑːɡənfʊərt/ KLAH-gən-foort), is the capital and largest city of the Austrian state of Carinthia, as well as of the historical region of Carinthia (including Slovenian Carinthia).

With a population of 105,759 (1 January 2026), it is the sixth-largest city in Austria after Vienna, Graz, Linz, Salzburg, and Innsbruck. The city is the bishop's seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk-Klagenfurt and home to the University of Klagenfurt, the Carinthian University of Applied Sciences and the Gustav Mahler Private University for Music. Klagenfurt is considered the cultural centre of the Carinthian Slovenes (Slovene: koroški Slovenci; German: Kärntner Slowenen), one of Austria's indigenous minorities.
Conexión (María José album)
Conexión is the first live album by the Mexican singer-songwriter María José. It was recorded in front of a selected audience to attend the concert located in Mexico City. In celebration of the tenth anniversary of her breakout album Amante de lo Ajeno, the album celebrates José's trajectory as a solo artist. The album includes material from her previous five studio albums as well as eight newly recorded songs. Featured guest include Ha*Ash, Yuri, Carlos Rivera and Vanesa Martin.

Carlos Rivera
Carlos Augusto Rivera Guerra (born March 15, 1986) is a Mexican singer who rose to fame by winning the third generation of La Academia. He has released four studio albums and participated in six theatre productions.
Post-Soviet studies
Post-Soviet studies, also known as post-Soviet area studies or Former Soviet Union (FSU) studies, is a field of study within sociology and political science that emerged out of Soviet studies and Sovietology following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The field encompasses a broad range of studies in the area of the former Soviet Union, including within Slavic studies and Central Eurasian studies, and the study of specific post-Soviet states, including: Armenianology, Baltic studies, Belarusian studies, Central Asian studies, Georgian studies, Russian studies, Ukrainian studies, and others.

Broader themes in post-Soviet studies include the role of postcolonial analysis, and the relevance of analysis in context of the former Soviet Union as studies of the region progress into the post-Soviet era.

Central Asian studies
Central Asian studies is the discipline of studying the culture, history, and languages of the region of Central Asia. The roots of Central Asian studies as a social science discipline goes to 19th century Anglo-Russian Great Game. During the 19th century, Central Asia became a subject of systematical information collection and organization thanks to the numerous travels made by British and Russian agents, soldiers, scholars into the region. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, interest in the field increased considerably. Central Asian studies in contemporary times is represented by a plethora of prominent scholars, institutions and academic programs throughout the world.
Lavellan
In Scottish folklore, a Lavellan, làbh-allan, la-mhalan or la-bhallan is a creature from northern Scotland.

It was generally considered to be a kind of rodent, and the name "làbh-allan" is also used for a water shrew or water vole in Scottish Gaelic. It was however, reportedly larger than a rat, very noxious, and lived in deep pools in rivers. Its poisonous abilities were legendary, and it was said to be able to injure cattle over a hundred feet away.

Fleming, describing the Ermine, compared the prejudice against the animal to Sibbald's account of the country people's dislike of the Lavellan; Sibbald writing that the Lavellan was common in Caithness. Thomas Pennant made enquiries about the animal while in Ausdale in the county, and it is also mentioned in the work of Rob Donn, the Scottish Gaelic poet from Sutherland.

Pennant claims the locals preserved the skin, and, as a cure for their sick beasts, gave them the water in which it had been dipped.

Eurasian water shrew
The Eurasian water shrew (Neomys fodiens), known in the United Kingdom as the water shrew, is a relatively large shrew, up to 10 cm (4 in) long, with a tail up to three-quarters as long again. It has short, dark fur, often with a few white tufts, a white belly, and a few stiff hairs around the feet and tail. It lives close to fresh water, hunting aquatic prey in the water and nearby.  Its fur traps bubbles of air in the water which greatly aids its buoyancy, but requires it to anchor itself to remain underwater for more than the briefest of dives.

Like many shrews, the water shrew has venomous saliva, making it one of the few venomous mammals, although it is not able to puncture the skin of large animals, nor that of humans. Highly territorial, it lives a solitary life and is found throughout the northern part of Europe and Asia, from Britain to Korea.