hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brno astronomical clock
The Brno astronomical clock (Czech: Brněnský orloj) is a black stone monument in Brno, Czech Republic. It is situated at Náměstí Svobody, the main square in the Brno City Centre. The monument was proposed by the mayor of Brno, Roman Onderka, and it was created by Oldřich Rujbr and Petr Kameník. Every day at 11:00 AM, the clock releases a glass marble, which spectators can catch from one of four openings in the monument and take with them as a souvenir. The clock was unveiled on September 18, 2010, for the 365th anniversary of Brno's resistance to the Swedish siege during the Thirty Years War. Although the monument is publicly known as an astronomical clock (orloj), it is only a clock. Construction of the clock took three years, at a cost of approximately 12 million CZK.

While in media the monument is usually called the astronomical clock or Brno astronomical clock, it has a reputation for its phallic appearance. Officially, it is known as a clockwork machine (hodinový stroj).

Roman Onderka
Roman Onderka (born 11 November 1965 in Brno) is a Czech politician who has served as the mayor of Brno, and has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic since October 2017, and a vice chairman of the Czech Social Democratic Party since 2018. On 25 October 2021 he became acting leader of ČSSD when Jan Hamáček resigned on the position.
Bill Shelton (politician)
Sir William Jeremy Masefield Shelton (30 October 1929 – 2 January 2003) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom.  He was Member of Parliament for Clapham from 1970 to February 1974, then for Streatham from February 1974 until he lost the seat to Labour Party candidate Keith Hill in 1992.

Streatham (UK Parliament constituency)
Streatham was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

In the 2016 EU referendum, Streatham was estimated to have voted to remain in the European Union by 79%. This was the second highest remain vote in the United Kingdom, behind Vauxhall.

Further to the completion of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. The four southern wards, comprising the town of Streatham, were included in the new constituency of Streatham and Croydon North. Northern areas (Brixton Hill, Clapham Common, Thornton, and Tulse Hill) form part of the new constituency of Clapham and Brixton Hill.
2019 Internationaux de Tennis de Vendée – Doubles
Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Sander Arends and David Pel.

Jonny O'Mara and Ken Skupski won the title after defeating Arends and Pel 6–1, 6–4 in the final.

Sander Arends
Sander Arends (born 9 August 1991) is a Dutch professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 23, achieved on 21 July 2025. Arends has won four doubles ATP Tour titles, one with David Pel and three with Luke Johnson. He has also won 31 doubles titles on the ATP Challenger Tour and 11 titles on the lower level ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Oathbringer
Oathbringer is an epic fantasy novel written by American author Brandon Sanderson and the third book in The Stormlight Archive series. It was published by Tor Books on November 14, 2017. Oathbringer consists of one prologue, 122 chapters, 14 interludes and an epilogue. It is preceded by Words of Radiance and followed by Rhythm of War.

As with its Stormlight Archive predecessors, the unabridged audiobook is read by narrator team Michael Kramer and Kate Reading.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Muhria
Muhria is a lichen genus in the family Cladoniaceae. It is monotypic, containing the single species Muhria urceolata. The genus was circumscribed by Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen in 1987. The genus name of Muhria is in honour of Lars-Erik Muhr (b.1936), a Swedish teacher and botanist (Lichenology and Mycology).

Filip Högnabba has proposed that the species should be placed in genus Stereocaulon.

Per Magnus Jørgensen
Per Magnus Jørgensen (born 1944) is a Norwegian botanist and lichenologist, and Professor Emeritus of systematic botany at the University of Bergen. He is known for his work on the lichen families Pannariaceae and Collemataceae. Jørgensen was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2021 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
Blencogo
Blencogo is a small farming village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bromfield, in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is situated near Wigton, on the Solway Plain, off the B3502 Wigton to Silloth road. The village is a centre for growing  osier willow for basketmaking and related crafts. In 1931 the parish had a population of 139.

Basket weaving
Basket weaving (also basketry or basket making) is the process of weaving or sewing pliable materials into objects, such as baskets, mats, mesh bags or even furniture. Craftspeople and artists specialized in making baskets may be known as basket makers and basket weavers. Basket weaving is also a rural craft. It is also widely known in Middle Eastern regions such as Cyprus.

Basketry is made from a variety of fibrous or pliable materials—anything that will bend and form a shape. Examples include pine, straw, willow (esp. osier), oak, wisteria, forsythia, vines, stems, fur, hide, grasses, thread, and fine wooden splints. There are many applications for basketry, from simple mats to hot air balloon gondolas.

Many Indigenous peoples are renowned for their basket-weaving techniques.
David Goggins
David Goggins (born February 17, 1975) is an American motivational speaker, athlete, author, and retired United States Navy SEAL. An ultramarathon runner, ultra-distance cyclist, and triathlete, he was inducted into the International Sports Hall of Fame in 2019 for both his achievements in sports and his service in the United States Armed Forces. His memoir Can't Hurt Me: Master Your Mind and Defy the Odds was a New York Times Best Seller.

Motivational speaker
A motivational speaker (or inspirational speaker) is a speaker who makes speeches intended to motivate or inspire an audience. Such speakers may attempt to  challenge or transform their audiences. The speech itself is popularly known as a pep talk.

Motivational speakers can deliver speeches at schools, colleges, places of worship, companies, corporations, government agencies, conferences, trade shows, summits, community organizations, and similar environments.
Meg Shelton
Meg Shelton (died 1705) known as the "Fylde Hag" was an English woman accused of witchcraft. Her grave can be seen at St. Anne's Church in Woodplumpton, now part of the City of Preston district of Lancashire.

Meg Shelton's real name is recorded by St Anne's Church as Margary
Hilton. She was found dead in her cottage, crushed between a wall and a large barrel. According to local rumour, she was able to use her magic to make crops fail, turn milk sour and to cause illness in cattle. After her death, it was said that whenever they buried her in the graveyard, every so often her corpse would keep digging up to the surface. To prevent her from rising again, they buried her face down and had a large boulder placed on top of it. An alternative telling suggests that she was buried head down in a narrow shaft, accounting for the relatively small size of the boulder.

City of Preston, Lancashire
The City of Preston, or simply Preston (/ˈprɛstən/ ⓘ), is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. It lies on the north bank of the River Ribble and has a population of 162,864 (2024). The neighbouring districts are Ribble Valley, South Ribble, Fylde and Wyre.

The district is named after its largest settlement, Preston, which lies in the south of the district. The district also includes rural areas to the north of the main urban area, including part of the Forest of Bowland, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In 2002 the district was granted city status to mark the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II; prior to this it was known as the Borough of Preston, having held borough status since its creation in 1974.
Arvals
The Arval, Arvel or Arthel (Old Norse Arfr, "inheritance", and öl, Old English
"Ale", a banquet) is a traditional funeral feast in Scotland, the North of England, and Norse culture. The word also refers, especially in the North of England, to a thin, light, sweet cake, spiced with cinnamon and nutmeg, served to the poor at such feasts. The funeral meal was called the Arvel-dinner. On such occasions, the custom seems to have been to hold an informal inquest, when the corpse was publicly exposed, to exculpate the heir and those entitled to the property of the dead from all accusations of foul play.

Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Northmen) were a Germanic cultural group in the Early Middle Ages, originating among speakers of Old Norse in Scandinavia. During the late eighth century, Scandinavians embarked on a large-scale expansion in all directions, giving rise to the Viking Age. In English-language scholarship since the 19th century, Norse seafaring traders, settlers and warriors have commonly been referred to as Vikings.

Historians of Anglo-Saxon England often use the term "Norse" in a different sense, distinguishing between Norse Vikings (Norsemen) from Norway, who mainly invaded and occupied the islands north and north-west of Britain as well as Ireland and western Britain, and Danish Vikings, who principally invaded and occupied eastern Britain.
Natalia Pacierpnik
Natalia Pacierpnik (born 14 August 1988 in Końskie) is a Polish slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2004.

Pacierpnik won a bronze medal in the K1 team event at the 2022 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Augsburg. She also won three medals (2 silvers and 1 bronze) in the K1 team event at the European Championships. At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London she competed in the K1 event, finishing 7th in the final. She finished in 11th place in the same event at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.

2022 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2022 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships took place from 26 to 31 July 2022 in Augsburg, Germany under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 42nd edition. The events took place at the Augsburg Eiskanal. Augsburg hosted the championships for the fourth time after previously hosting in 1957, 1985 and 2003.

The championships took place 50 years after canoe slalom first appeared at the Summer Olympics when the events were held on the same course.

A total of 380 athletes from 70 countries participated in the event. Russia and Belarus were excluded from participation due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Evolution from Francis turbine to Kaplan turbine
The Francis turbine converts energy at high heads which are often not available; hence, a turbine was required to convert energy at low heads, given a sufficiently large quantity of water. It was easy to convert high heads to power easily but difficult to do so for low-pressure heads. Therefore, an evolution took place that converted the Francis turbine to the Kaplan turbine, which generates power at even low heads efficiently.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Charles Mace
F. Charles Mace is a behavioral psychologist.  He received his undergraduate degree at the University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire and received his doctorate at the University of Arizona.  He is well known for his research on the functional analysis of severe behavior disorders, behavioral momentum, and the matching law.  He has published over one hundred articles and chapters.

He previously served as President of the Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, was a Fellow in the Association for Behavior Analysis, and was past Editor of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, as well as a recipient of the D.F. Hake Award for Distinguished Contributions to Basic and Applied Research. He has taught at Lehigh University, Rutgers University and at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
Forrest Perkins
Forrest W. Perkins (November 13, 1920 – December 13, 2014) was an American football, baseball, and track and field coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater from 1956 to 1984, compiling a record of 185–93–8. He was the school's athletic director from 1971 until his retirement in 1984. He also coached baseball and track and field at Wisconsin–Whitewater.

Perkins was born on November 13, 1920, and attended Dodgeville High School in Dodgeville, Wisconsin.  He earned a bachelor's degree in education from University of Wisconsin–Platteville, where he played football, basketball, and baseball.  Perkins served in World War II with the United States Marine Corps while enrolled at Wisconsin–Platteville.  He obtained a master's degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1950 and coached football and baseball at the high school level in the state of Wisconsin before arriving at Wisconsin–Whitewater.

University of Wisconsin–Whitewater
The University of Wisconsin–Whitewater (UW–Whitewater or UWW) is a public university in Whitewater, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the University of Wisconsin System. As of fall 2024, the university offers 47 undergraduate majors and 13 graduate programs and enrolls approximately 11,000 students. Approximately 1,400 faculty and staff are employed by the university, and the student body consists of individuals from about 40 US states and 30 countries. UW–Whitewater operates the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater at Rock County, a two-year branch campus in Janesville, Wisconsin.
Betty Batoul
Betty Batoul Ben el Hiouel, alias Betty Batoul (born October 16, 1964) is a Belgian–Moroccan writer of French language and a dynamic human rights activist in Belgium and Morocco, more specifically in the fight against violence against women and sexual child abuse. She was born in Ixelles, Belgium.

Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.
Suat Uğurlu Dam
The Suat Uğurlu Dam is a rock-fill dam for irrigation and hydro power purposes, located  24 km downstream of Hasan Uğurlu Dam on the River Yeşilırmak 13 km south of Çarşamba town and 25 km east of Samsun in northern Turkey. Originally, it was named the Bolahor Dam.

Suat Uğurlu died following an accident at the construction site of a dam project 24 km upstream together with her husband, an engineer at that site. While Ayvacık Dam was renamed after her husband's name Hasan Uğurlu, this dam was renamed in her memory.

Having a dam volume of 2,151,000 m³, Suat Uğurlu Dam and hydro-electric power plant went in service in 1982. The dam has a storage volume of 182 billion m³ in a reservoir area at normal water surface elevation of 9.7 km2. The storage of Suat Uğurlu Dam is little but controlled by Hasan Uğurlu Hydro Power Plant. The area irrigated by the dam is 83,312 ha. The power plant generates 46 MW electricity, for annual total generation of 273 GWh.

Çarşamba
Çarşamba (English: "Wednesday") is a municipality and district of Samsun Province, Turkey. Its area is 774 km2, and its population is 140,664 (2022). It is in the center of the Çarşamba Plain. The mayor is Hüseyin Dündar (Independent). Ferhan Şensoy - writer, actor and stage director - was born here.

The town is bisected by the Yeşilırmak river running south-to-north and by the Black Sea Coastal Road (D010) which runs west-to-east. There is a sugar factory in Çarşamba district.
Immortal Zugzwang Game
The Immortal Zugzwang Game is a chess game between Friedrich Sämisch and Aron Nimzowitsch, played in Copenhagen in March 1923.  It gained its name because the final position is sometimes considered a rare instance of zugzwang occurring in the middlegame. According to Nimzowitsch, writing in the Wiener Schachzeitung in 1925, this term originated in "Danish chess circles".

Chess middlegame
The middlegame is the portion of a chess game between the opening and the endgame. It is generally considered to begin when each player has completed the development of all or most of their pieces and brought their king to relative safety, and it is generally considered to end when only a few pieces remain on the board. However, there is no clear line between the opening and middlegame or between the middlegame and endgame. At master level, the opening analysis may go well into the middlegame; likewise, the middlegame blends into the endgame.

Theory on the middlegame is less developed than the opening or endgames. Since middlegame positions are unique from game to game, memorization of theoretical variations is not possible as it is in the opening. Likewise, there are usually too many pieces on the board for theoretical positions to be completely analyzed as can be done in the simpler endgames.
Metapán
Metapán is a city and municipality in the Santa Ana department of El Salvador. Metapán is situated in the northern part of the department, bordering Honduras and Guatemala. It is the second largest city in the department after Santa Ana and is divided between 29 cantones.

Santa Ana Department
Santa Ana (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈana]) is a department of El Salvador in the northwest of the country. The capital is Santa Ana, one of the largest cities in El Salvador. The Santa Ana Volcano is located in this department.
Brdce, Hrastnik
Brdce (pronounced [ˈbəɾtsɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Hrastnik in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Hrastnik
The Municipality of Hrastnik (pronounced [ˈxɾaːstnik] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Hrastnik) is a municipality in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Hrastnik. The area is part of the traditional Styria region. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Located in the valley of a minor left bank tributary of the Sava River, the area is known for its rich deposits of coal. Coal mining began in the area in 1804. Surrounding peaks include Mount Kum (1220 m), Mount Mrzlica (1122 m), and Kopitnik Hill (910 m). The area around Kopitnik is protected as a nature reserve. Species such as the capercaillie and chamois run wild in the surrounding forests.
Altenwillershagen station
Altenwillershagen (German: Bahnhof Altenwillershagen) is a railway station in the town of Altenwillershagen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The station lies on the Rostock-Stralsund railway and the train services are operated by Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn.

Stralsund–Rostock railway
The Stralsund–Rostock railway connects the two Hanseatic cities in the north of the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The single-track electrified main line is part of the German Unity Transport Project (German: Verkehrsprojektes Deutsche Einheit) No. 1 (Lübeck–Rostock–Stralsund).
Marinus van IJzendoorn
Marinus H. "Rien" van IJzendoorn (May 14, 1952) is professor of human development and one of the co-leaders of Generation R at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. His work has focussed on the social, psychological, and neurobiological determinants of parenting and child development, with special emphasis on attachment, emotion regulation, differential susceptibility hypothesis, and child maltreatment.

Erasmus University Rotterdam
Erasmus University Rotterdam (Dutch: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam [eːˈrɑsmʏs ynivɛrsiˈtɛit rɔtərˈdɑm]; abbreviated as EUR) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century Christian humanist and theologian.

Erasmus MC, the teaching hospital and medical school of Erasmus University, is one of the largest medical institutions in Western Europe and the foremost medical and trauma centers in the Netherlands.