hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Shaw
Arthur Shaw is the name of:

Arthur Shaw (athlete) (1886–1955), American athlete

Arthur Shaw (footballer, born 1924) (1924–2015), English professional footballer

Arthur Shaw (footballer, born 1869) (1869–1946), English footballer

Arthur Shaw (trade unionist) (1880–1939), British trade union leader

Arthur Shaw (hurdler)
Arthur Briggs Shaw (April 28, 1886 - July 18, 1955) was an American athlete and member of the Irish American Athletic Club. He won the bronze medal in the men's 110 metres hurdles race at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. He was a graduate of Dartmouth College.
1962 British Lions tour to South Africa
In 1962 the British Lions rugby union team toured Southern and Eastern Africa. Overall the tourists played twenty-five matches, winning sixteen, losing five and drawing four.

The Lions were unsuccessful in the test series against South Africa, losing by three matches to nil with one match drawn. The first three tests were close; the first match was drawn 3–3 and South Africa won the second 3–0 and the third 8–3. The fourth test resulted in a bigger win for South Africa, 34–14.

The tour included games against Rhodesia (which would become Zimbabwe), South West Africa (future Namibia, then part of South Africa) and East Africa in Kenya; winning all three.  The Lions won all their non-international matches except for those against Northern Transvaal and Eastern Transvaal.

The touring party was captained by Arthur Smith. The manager was Brian Vaughan and the assistant manager was Harry McKibbin.

Valke (rugby union)
The Valke, sometimes known known as the Falconscode: eng promoted to code: en , are a South African rugby union team in Gauteng province that participates in the annual Currie Cup tournament.

Their home ground is Barnard Stadium in Kempton Park, to which they have returned in 2009.  The Falcons have operated from Bosman Stadium in Brakpan and Pam Brink Stadium in Springs.  They occasionally still host matches at Bosman Stadium.  The Falcons draw players from Ekurhuleni and other municipalities to the east and south of Johannesburg.
Zinc picolinate
Zinc picolinate (or ZnPic) is the zinc coordination complex derived from picolinic acid and zinc(II).  It has the formula Zn(NC5H4CO2)2(H2O)2.  The complex adopts an octahedral molecular geometry, containing two bidentate picolinate ligands (conjugate base of picolinic acid) and two aquo ligands.  Additionally, two water of crystallization are present, thus the compound crystallizes with the formula Zn(NC5H4CO2)2(H2O)2·2H2O.  It is a colorless solid.

Water of crystallization
In chemistry, water(s) of crystallization or water(s) of hydration are water molecules that are present inside crystals. Water is often incorporated in the formation of crystals from aqueous solutions. In some contexts, water of crystallization is the total mass of water in a substance at a given temperature and is mostly present in a definite (stoichiometric) ratio. Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation.

Upon crystallization from water, or water-containing solvents, many compounds incorporate water molecules in their crystalline frameworks. Water of crystallization can generally be removed by heating a sample but the crystalline properties are often lost.

Compared to inorganic salts, proteins crystallize with large amounts of water in the crystal lattice. A water content of 50% is not uncommon for proteins.
Achilles number
An Achilles number is a number that is powerful but not a perfect power. A positive integer n is a powerful number if, for every prime factor p of n, p2 is also a divisor. In other words, every prime factor appears at least squared in the factorization. All Achilles numbers are powerful. However, not all powerful numbers are Achilles numbers. Powerful nummbers that can be represented as mk, where m and k are positive integers greater than 1 are not Acholies numbers.

Achilles numbers were named by Henry Bottomley after Achilles, a hero of the Trojan War, who was also powerful but imperfect. Strong Achilles numbers are Achilles numbers whose Euler totients are also Achilles numbers; the smallest are 500 and 864.

Euler's totient function
In number theory, Euler's totient function counts the positive integers up to a given integer  that are relatively prime to . It is written using the Greek letter phi as  or , and may also be called Euler's phi function. In other words, it is the number of integers  in the range  for which the greatest common divisor  is equal to 1. The integers  of this form are sometimes referred to as totatives of .

For example, the totatives of  are the six numbers 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 8. They are all relatively prime to 9, but the other three numbers in this range, 3, 6, and 9 are not, since  and . Therefore, . As another example,  since for  the only integer in the range from 1 to  is 1 itself, and .

Euler's totient function is a multiplicative function, meaning that if two numbers  and  are relatively prime, then .
This function gives the order of the multiplicative group of integers modulo n (the group of units of the ring ). It is also used for defining the RSA encryption system.
Ashmit Patel
Ashmit Patel (born 13 January 1978) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi films. Brother of the actress Ameesha Patel, he began his career as an assistant director and later progressed to leading roles in Bollywood productions. He was the second runner-up on the reality show Bigg Boss 4 (2010–11).

Aap Mujhe Achche Lagne Lage
Aap Mujhe Achche Lagne Lage (transl.  “I have started to like you”) is a 2002 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Vikram Bhatt, starring Hrithik Roshan and Ameesha Patel. Upon release, it was a critical and commercial failure, receiving overwhelmingly negative reviews. Notably, this is the second and final time the lead pair has worked together after their debut film Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai (2000).
Cornellà del Terri
Cornellà del Terri (Catalan pronunciation: [kuɾnəˈʎa ðəl ˈtɛri]) is a village in the province of Girona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.  The municipality covers an area of 27.8 square kilometres (10.7 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 2,235.

Province of Girona
The Province of Girona (Catalan: província de Girona [pɾuˈvinsiə ðə ʒiˈɾonə]; Spanish: provincia de Gerona [pɾoˈβinθja ðe xeˈɾona]) is a province in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It is bordered on the northwest by the province of Lleida, on the southwest by the province of Barcelona, on the north by France (Pyrénées-Orientales), and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea.

The population of the province in 2016 was 739,607. Its capital and largest city is Girona, with an urban area (including the neighbouring municipalities of Salt, Sarrià de Ter and Vilablareix) representing, with a total population of 144,709, 19.2% of the population. The Girona area acts as an industrial, commercial and service hub for a significant part of the province.
Jiggetts (New York legal case)
The Jiggetts case established New York City's Jiggetts housing assistance program, which was ultimately replaced by the Family Eviction Prevention Supplement in 2005.

The procedures in the case went under the titles Jiggetts v. Grinker  and Jiggetts v. Dowling.

New York Court of Appeals
The New York Court of Appeals is the highest court in the Unified Court System of the State of New York. It consists of seven judges: the chief judge and six associate judges, who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the state senate to 14-year terms. The chief judge of the Court of Appeals also heads administration of the state's court system, and thus is also known as the chief judge of the State of New York. The Court of Appeals was founded in 1847 and is located in the New York Court of Appeals Building in Albany, New York.
PlaySight Interactive
PlaySight Interactive is a connected camera and artificial intelligence sports technology company, offering its Smart sports video platform for over 25 sports and across 20 countries, including basketball, tennis, ice hockey and soccer. There are over 1000 SmartCourts installed around the world, including with the NBA's Golden State Warriors, Toronto Raptors, Detroit Pistons and Phoenix Suns and over 70 NCAA sports programs, including Harvard University, the University of Southern California, Indiana University, Claremont Colleges, Fairleigh Dickinson University and Princeton University. The United States Tennis Association installed PlaySight's SmartCourt technology on 32 courts at its new national campus in Lake Nona, Florida. PlaySight was named one of Fast Company's Most Innovative Companies for consecutive years in both 2017 and 2018.

Fairleigh Dickinson University
Fairleigh Dickinson University (/ˈfɛərli/) is a private university with its main campuses in New Jersey, located in Madison / Florham Park and in Teaneck / Hackensack. Founded in 1942, Fairleigh Dickinson University offers more than 100 degree programs. In addition to two campuses in New Jersey, the university has a campus in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, one in Wroxton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, and an online platform. Fairleigh Dickinson University is New Jersey's largest private institution of higher education, with over 12,000 students.
Church Santo Cristo del Buen Viaje, Havana
The Iglesia del Santo Cristo del Buen Viaje is located in Old Havana, Havana on Calle Cristo between Calles Lamparilla y Teniente Rey. Built at a time in which transatlantic crossings were risky, it acquired popularity during colonial times as a temple dedicated to travelers and navigators. Travelers and especially sailors would visit before leaving on a journey, and to pay their respects upon arriving back on land. Later during Cuba's republican era, the devotion to Saint Rita was added to the church.

Transatlantic crossing
Transatlantic crossings are passages of passengers and cargo across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe or Africa and the Americas. The majority of passenger traffic is across the North Atlantic between Western Europe and North America.  Centuries after the dwindling of sporadic Viking trade with Markland, a regular and lasting transatlantic trade route was established in 1566 with the Spanish West Indies fleets, following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.
English ship Sussex (1652)
The Sussex was a fourth-rate frigate, built for the navy of the Commonwealth of England at one of the national Dockyards, and launched in late 1652. Her place of building is uncertain, with certain sources recording this as Portsmouth (by John Tippetts), others as Deptford and still others as Woolwich (by Christopher Pett). A standard practice at this time was to build the hull in one location and masts and superstructure could be at a separate dock, and the fitting of equipment (cannon etc) at a third location.

She was commissioned under Captain Roger Cuttance, and fitted out on the Thames. By 1653, her armament is recorded as consisting of 46 guns.

The Sussex took part in the Battle of Portland in February 1653, and in the Battle of the Gabbard in June 1653, but was accidentally blown up at Portsmouth on 9 December 1653.

Battle of Portland
The naval Battle of Portland, or Three Days' Battle, took place during 18–20 February 1653 (28 February – 2 March 1653 (Gregorian calendar)), during the First Anglo-Dutch War, when the fleet of the Commonwealth of England under General at Sea Robert Blake was attacked by a fleet of the Dutch Republic under Lieutenant-Admiral Maarten Tromp escorting merchant shipping through the English Channel.

The battle failed to settle supremacy of the English Channel, although both sides claimed victory, and ultimate control over the Channel would only be decided at the Battle of the Gabbard which allowed the English to blockade the Dutch coast until the Battle of Scheveningen, where Admiral Maarten Tromp was killed in a firefight.
07102010
07102010 is the first compilation album by American metalcore band Crown the Empire. The album was released on July 10, 2020 through Rise Records. It was produced by Josh Strock and Munk. The album is a compilation of acoustic versions of songs from their previous discography, made to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of the post-hardcore band's first show at Compass Church in Colleyville, Texas.

Colleyville, Texas
Colleyville is a city in northeastern Tarrant County, Texas, United States, centrally located in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. A wealthy suburb of the Dallas/Fort Worth area, Colleyville was originally a small farm town in the 19th century. The population was 26,057 at the 2020 census.
Group of rational points on the unit circle
In mathematics, the rational points on the unit circle are those points (x, y) such that both x and y are rational numbers ("fractions") and satisfy x2 + y2 = 1. The set of such points turns out to be closely related to primitive Pythagorean triples.  Consider a primitive right triangle, that is, with integer side lengths a, b, c, with c the hypotenuse, such that the sides have no common factor larger than 1.  Then on the unit circle there exists the rational point (a/c, b/c), which, in the complex plane, is just a/c + ib/c, where i is the imaginary unit. Conversely, if (x, y) is a rational point on the unit circle in the 1st quadrant of the coordinate system (i.e. x > 0, y > 0), then there exists a primitive right triangle with sides xc, yc, c, with c being the least common multiple of the denominators of x and y. There is a correspondence between points (a, b) in the x-y plane and points a + ib in the complex plane which is used below.

Least common multiple
In arithmetic and number theory, the least common multiple (LCM), lowest common multiple, or smallest common multiple (SCM) of two integers a and b, usually denoted by lcm(a, b), is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both a and b. Since division of integers by zero is undefined, this definition has meaning only if a and b are both different from zero. However, some authors define lcm(a, 0) as 0 for all a, since 0 is the only common multiple of a and 0.

The least common multiple of the denominators of two fractions is the "lowest common denominator" (lcd), and can be used for adding, subtracting or comparing the fractions.

The least common multiple of more than two integers a, b, c, . . . , usually denoted by lcm(a, b, c, . . .), is defined as the smallest positive integer that is divisible by each of a, b, c, . . .
Wiaan Mulder
Pieter Willem Adriaan Mulder (born 19 February 1998), known as Wiaan Mulder, is a South African first-class cricketer. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut for South Africa in October 2017 and his Test debut in March 2019. In domestic cricket, Mulder plays for Gauteng Lions. Mulder was a member of the South African team which won the 2025 ICC World Test Championship final, the second ICC title the country had won.

2025 World Test Championship final
The 2025 ICC World Test Championship final was a Test cricket match played at Lord's, London from 11 to 14 June to determine the winner of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. It was played  between Australia and South Africa.

South Africa won the match by 5 wickets to win the third edition of the ICC World Test Championship. This marked South Africa's maiden win of the Championship. As winners, they received a cash prize of US$3.6 million, while the Australian team received a cash prize of US$2.1 million. This was also South Africa's first ICC title since 1998.
Karpenkovo
Karpenkovo (Russian: Карпенково) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Karpenkovskoye Rural Settlement, Kamensky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 883 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

Kamensky District, Voronezh Oblast
Kamensky District (Russian: Ка́менский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 999 square kilometers (386 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Kamenka. Population: 17,087 (2021 Census); 20,612 (2010 Census); 21,953 (2002 Census); 22,995 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kamenka accounts for 47.2% of the district's total population.
Luboš Adamec
Luboš Adamec (18 April 1959 – 15 September 2025) was a Czech sport shooter. He competed at the Summer Olympics in 1988 and 1992. In 1988, he tied for 27th place in the mixed skeet event, and in 1992, he tied for 11th place in the mixed skeet event. Adamec was born in Ústí nad Orlicí on 18 April 1959, and died on 15 September 2025, at the age of 66.

Shooting at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Mixed skeet
Skeet was one of the thirteen shooting events at the 1992 Summer Olympics. It was the last Olympic skeet competition open to both men and women, and the only mixed shooting competition at the Olympics ever won by a woman: Zhang Shan. The competition consisted of a qualification round of 150 targets, a semifinal of 50 targets for the top 24 competitors, and a final of 25 targets for the top six. Hitting all 200 targets of the preliminary rounds, and 23 in the final, Zhang won ahead of four male shooters at 222. With José María Colorado eliminated due to lower final score, a three-way shoot-off between Juan Giha, Bruno Rossetti and Ioan Toman determined the silver and bronze medals, going to Giha and Rossetti respectively.  The event was held on 28 July at the Mollet del Vallès Shooting Range.
Thomas Jenkins Semmes
Thomas Jenkins Semmes (December 16, 1824 – June 23, 1899) was an American politician who served as a Confederate States Senator from Louisiana from 1862 to 1865. He was the 9th president of the American Bar Association 1886–1887.

Constitution of Louisiana
The Louisiana Constitution is legally named the Constitution of the State of Louisiana and commonly called the Louisiana Constitution of 1974, and the Constitution of 1974. The constitution is the cornerstone of the law of Louisiana ensuring the rights of individuals, describing the distribution and power of state officials and local government, establishes the state and city civil service systems, creates and defines the operation of a state lottery, and the manner of revising the constitution.

Louisiana's constitution  was adopted (adopted in Convention) during the Constitutional Convention in 1974, ratified by the voters of the state on April 20, 1974, and became effective on January 1, 1975.
Lodipur
Lodipur (the village of Lodi) is a common name for villages in India, including:

Lodipur, Tekari, Gaya district, a village in Tekari block in Gaya district, Bihar

Lodipur, Dih, Raebareli, a village in Dih block in Raebareli district, Uttar Pradesh

Lodipur, Khiron, a village in Khiron community development block in Raebareli district, Uttar Pradesh

Oikonyms in Western and South Asia
Oikonyms in Western, Central, South, and Southeast Asia can be grouped according to various components, reflecting common linguistic and cultural histories. Toponymic study is not as extensive as it is for placenames in Europe and Anglophone parts of the world, but the origins of many placenames can be determined with a fair degree of certainty.
One complexity to the study when discussing it in English is that the Romanization of names, during British rule and otherwise, from other languages has not been consistent.
Yoshiwara Station
Yoshiwara Station (吉原駅, Yoshiwara-eki) is an interchange railway station in the city Fuji, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Tōkai).  It is also a terminus for the private railway operator Gakunan Electric Train Company and a freight terminal of the Japan Freight Railway Company.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Evangelical Presbyterian Church (United States)
The Evangelical Presbyterian Church (EPC) is an American church body holding to presbyterian governance and Reformed theology. It is a conservative evangelical Calvinist denomination. It is most distinctive for its approach to the way it balances certain liberties across congregations on "non-essential" doctrines, such as egalitarianism versus complementarianism in marriage or the ordination of women, alongside an affirmation of core "essential" doctrinal standards.

The motto of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church is "In Essentials, Unity. In Non-Essentials, Liberty. In All Things, Charity; Truth In Love." The office of the General Assembly is in Orlando, Florida.

Christian egalitarianism
Christian egalitarianism, also known as biblical equality, is egalitarianism based in Christianity. Christian egalitarians believe that the Bible advocates for gender equality and equal responsibilities for the family unit and the ability for women to exercise spiritual authority as clergy. In contrast to Christian complementarianists and Christian patriarchists, proponents of Christian egalitarianism argue that Bible verses often used to justify patriarchal domination in gender roles are misinterpreted. Egalitarians believe in a form of mutual submission in which all people submit to each other in relationships and institutions as a code of conduct without a need for hierarchical authority.
Gavin Hoey
Gavin Hoey (born 5 November 2001) is an Irish cricketer, who bats right-handed and bowls leg breaks. He currently plays for the Leinster Lightning in the Inter-Provincial Trophy and the Pembroke Cricket Club in the Irish Senior Cup. He is the son of Conor Hoey, who is also an Irish former cricketer.

Boundary (cricket)
In cricket, the boundary is the perimeter of a playing field. It is also the term given to a scoring shot where the ball is hit to, or beyond, that perimeter, which generally earns four or six runs for the batting team.

Briefly, if the ball is struck by the batter and rolls or bounces over the boundary (or just touches it) it is known as a "four", and scores four runs, whereas if it flies over (or touches) the boundary, without touching the ground before that, it is called a "six", and scores six runs. There are rules covering every possible situation, including the fairly common one when a fielder is in the air beyond the boundary when they catch or strike the ball with their hand or another part of the body.