hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chemise (wall)
In medieval castles, the chemise (French: "shirt") was typically a low wall encircling the keep, protecting the base of the tower. Alternative terms, more commonly used in English, are mantlet wall or apron wall.

In some cases, the keep could be entered only from the chemise (i.e. at the first floor level). Numerous examples exist of highly varied form, including the heavily fortified chemise of Château de Vincennes, or the more modest example at Provins, both in France. Some chemises are suggested to have been developed from earlier motte and bailey defences, though they may not usually be referred to as chemise.

In later fortification, a chemise is a wall lined with a bastion, or any other bulwark of earth, for greater support and strength.

Provins
Provins (French pronunciation: [pʁɔvɛ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Known for its well-preserved medieval architecture and importance throughout the Middle Ages as an economic center and a host of annual trading fairs, Provins became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.
Groton (city), Connecticut
The City of Groton is a dependent political subdivision of the town of Groton, Connecticut, United States. The city was settled in 1655 as Groton Bank, and the area developed into the principal village of the town of Groton. The village of Groton incorporated as a borough in 1903, and the residents of the borough of Groton reincorporated as the city of Groton in 1964. It is the only remaining city in the state of Connecticut that is not governmentally consolidated with its parent town. The city is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 10,389 at the 2010 census.

Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut
The Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region is a planning region and county-equivalent in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is served by the coterminous Southeastern Connecticut Council of Governments (SCCOG). In 2022, planning regions were approved to replace Connecticut's counties as county-equivalents for statistical purposes, with full implementation occurring by 2024.
Thomas of Mancasola
Thomas of Mancasola, or Thomas of Mancasol (fl. 1328), was a Dominican cleric in the Chagatai Khanate who became bishop of Samarkand.

Prior to his appointment Thomas had served as a cleric in Mongol-ruled Turkestan. The region, in Thomas's time ruled by Eljigidey khan, allowed local Christians significant freedom to worship, and Thomas obtained a commendation from Eljigidey for the trip to Rome that saw him granted the bishopric of Samarkand.

Thomas is known from the Mirabilia of Friar Jordanus, which describes him as bishop of "Semiscat"; this place was positively identified as Samarkand during the nineteenth century. Thomas, according to the Mirabilia, accompanied Jordanus on a journey to take the pallium, an ecclesiastical vestment, to John de Cora, the newly appointed archbishop of Sultaniyah in Persia. Thomas's bishopric, along with that of Jordanus, fell within the province of this new metropolitan.

Eljigidey
Eljigidey was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a division of the Mongol Empire, from 1326 to 1329. He was the son of Duwa. After the death of his brother Kebek, Eljigidey took control of the Chagatai Khanate. He was involved in the succession struggles of the Yuan court from 1327 to 1329. His ally Kusala was enthroned as the Yuan emperor in 1329 but died in suspicious circumstances barely six months later. The new Yuan emperor, Tugh Temür, sent him Naimantai, a descendant of Muqali, in order to mollify his anger with an imperial seal. After only a short period of time, however, Eljigidey was overthrown by another brother, Duwa Temür.
The Silver Theatre
The Silver Theatre is an American television series that was broadcast on CBS from October 3, 1949, to June 26, 1950, and was hosted by Conrad Nagel. It was also known as Silver Theater.

Most of the show's episodes focused on "the humorous, silly, frustrating, futile, and rewarding aspects" of romance.

Among its guest stars were Hugh Beaumont, Ward Bond, Ann Dvorak, William Frawley, Eva Gabor, Margaret Hamilton, Marsha Hunt, Kim Hunter, Paul Lukas, Diana Lynn, Burgess Meredith, Felicia Montealegre Bernstein, John Payne, George Reeves, and Gig Young.

Each month a group of dramatic critics selected the winner of the Silver Award, which went to "the most deserving supporting performer" in the episodes presented that month.

Kim Hunter
Kim Hunter (born Janet Cole; November 12, 1922 – September 11, 2002) was an American theatre, film, and television actress. She achieved prominence for portraying Stella Kowalski in the original production of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire, which she reprised for the 1951 film adaptation, and won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Decades later, she was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for portraying Nola Madison on the soap opera The Edge of Night. She also portrayed the chimpanzee Zira in Planet of the Apes (1968), and its sequels Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970) and Escape from the Planet of the Apes (1971).
Nathan Reardon
Nathan Jon Reardon (born 8 November 1984) is an Australian former professional cricketer. He primarily played as a batsman in limited overs matches, playing for his home state of Queensland from 2005 to 2016. He also played Twenty20 cricket in the Big Bash League for four different teams, and represented Australia in two Twenty20 Internationals in November 2014.

Queensland cricket team
The Queensland men's cricket team (also known as the Queensland Bulls) are an Australian men's professional cricket team based in Queensland. The team competes in Sheffield Shield, the highest level of Australia domestic first class cricket, since the 1926–27 season, as well as the One-Day Cup, the highest level of Australian domestic one-day, since its inception in 1969–70. They also competed in the now defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash.
Doris Heyden
Doris Heyden (née Heydenreich; June 2, 1905 – September 25, 2005) was a prominent scholar of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, particularly those of central Mexico.  She was born in East Orange, New Jersey, United States.  She died on September 25, 2005, from the lingering aftereffects of a stroke suffered in 1999.

Heyden was a member of a group of artists, writers, folklorists, scholars, and political activists who together created the "Mexican Renaissance". The exponents of this post-Revolutionary circle drew upon Mexican history and traditions while contributing to a variety of international movements including realism, Symbolism, surrealism and communism.  Important members were mural painters Diego Rivera, Frida Kahlo, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros, Zapotec painter Rufino Tamayo, mystical painters Remedios Varo and Leonora Carrington, caricaturist and Mesoamerican scholar Miguel Covarrubias, as well as photographer Manuel Álvarez Bravo.

Leonora Carrington
Mary Leonora Carrington (6 April 1917 – 25 May 2011) was a British and Mexican Surrealist painter and novelist. She lived most of her adult life in Mexico City and was one of the last surviving participants in the Surrealist movement of the 1930s. Carrington was also a founding member of the women's liberation movement in Mexico during the 1970s.
Finzi Trust
The Finzi Trust was founded in 1969 and seeks to further the music, ideals and work of Gerald Finzi. It has assisted individuals and organisations in a variety of ways and has initiated many projects reflecting the Trust's policy of encouraging young artists and composers.

Recording projects have included not only music by Finzi, but also by Michael Berkeley, Benjamin Britten, Howard Ferguson, Ivor Gurney, Herbert Howells, Kenneth Leighton, Malcolm Lipkin, Herbert Sumsion, Elizabeth Poston, William Walton and Percy Whitlock.

Other projects initiated by the Trust include performances, masterclasses and lectures in the US, weekends of English music in the UK, composition awards, song competitions, composer-in-residence schemes, commissions and re-publication of out-of-print scores. In 1997 the Trust commissioned Stephen Banfield to write the first full-length biography of Gerald Finzi.

Ivor Gurney
Ivor Bertie Gurney (28 August 1890 – 26 December 1937) was an English poet and composer, particularly of songs. He was born and raised in Gloucester. He suffered from bipolar disorder through much of his life and spent his last 15 years in psychiatric hospitals. Critical evaluation of Gurney has been complicated by this, and also by the need to assess both his poetry and his music. Gurney himself thought of music as his true vocation: "The brighter visions brought music; the fainter verse".
Fire Station 19 (Atlanta, Georgia)
Fire Station 19 is Atlanta's oldest operating fire station. It is located at 1063 N. Highland Ave. in the heart of the Virginia Highland neighborhood of Atlanta. It was built in 1924 in the bungalow style prevalent in Virginia Highland, and is considered a neighborhood landmark.

The fire station provides a number of additional community services such as a car-seat installations and safety checks, blood-pressure monitoring, safe shelter for women in need, and a monthly storytime for children.  The station is part of the Atlanta Fire Department.

Neighborhoods in Atlanta
The city of Atlanta, Georgia is made up of 243 neighborhoods officially defined by the city. These neighborhoods are a mix of traditional neighborhoods, subdivisions, or groups of subdivisions. The neighborhoods are grouped by the city planning department into 25 neighborhood planning units (NPUs). These NPUs are "citizen advisory councils that make recommendations to the Mayor and City Council on zoning, land use, and other planning issues". There are a variety of other widely recognized named areas within the city. Some are officially designated, while others are more informal.
Jollie River
The Jollie River is a river of New Zealand's Southern Alps.  It flows an almost straight course from its source in the Liebig Range 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Aoraki / Mount Cook, flowing into the Tasman River 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the latter's outflow into Lake Pukaki.

Lake Pukaki
Lake Pukaki (Māori: Pūkaki) is the largest of three roughly parallel alpine lakes running north–south along the northern edge of the Mackenzie Basin on New Zealand's South Island. The others are Lakes Tekapo and Ōhau. All three lakes were formed when the terminal moraines of receding glaciers blocked their respective valleys, forming moraine-dammed lakes. The Alps2Ocean mountain bike trail follows the edge of Lake Pukaki for part of its length.
Ann Trevenen Jenkin
Dorothy Ann Trevenen Jenkin (14 April 1930 – 8 April 2024) was a Cornish and British writer, teacher, librarian, and activist for Cornish independence. She was the first woman Grand Bard of Gorsedh Kernow, a founding member of Mebyon Kernow, and its honorary president from 2011 until her death. Her bardic name was Bryallen, and she was Grand Bard from 1997 to 2000.

She was featured in the BBC Radio 4 programme Last Word on 26 April 2024, when host Matthew Bannister discussed her life with her daughter Loveday Jenkin.

Last Word
Last Word is a radio obituary series broadcast weekly on BBC Radio 4. Each week, the lives of recently deceased famous people are summarised with narration and interviews with people who knew them. It is normally presented by Matthew Bannister, although occasionally it has been presented by others, including Kate Silverton and Julian Worricker.

The programme was first broadcast on 10 February 2006. On 29 September 2006, a biography of American songwriter Paul Vance (1929–2022) was broadcast, including an interview with Vance himself, after his death was announced in the media by mistake.
Riccardo Gagliolo
Riccardo Gagliolo (Italian pronunciation: [ɡaʎˈʎɔːlo]; born 28 April 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a left back. Born in Italy to an Italian father and a Swedish mother, he won one cap for the Sweden national team in 2019.

UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying
The UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from March 2019 to November 2020 to determine the 24 UEFA member men's national teams that advanced to the UEFA Euro 2020 final tournament, intended to be played across Europe in June and July 2020 before the tournament was delayed by a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The competition was linked with the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League, giving countries a secondary route to qualify for the final tournament. For the first time since 1976, no team automatically qualified for the UEFA European Championship as the host country.

The national teams of all 55 UEFA member associations entered the qualifying process, with Kosovo taking part for the first time. The group stage draw took place at the Convention Centre Dublin, Ireland, on 2 December 2018.
Venicia Considine
Venicia Considine is an American politician serving as a member of the Nevada Assembly from the 18th district. Considine was elected to the Nevada Assembly in November 2020.

Considine was born in Queens, New York.

Nevada State Assembly
39°09′42″N 119°45′58″W﻿ / ﻿39.161643°N 119.766139°W﻿ / 39.161643; -119.766139
The Nevada State Assembly is the lower house of the Nevada Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Nevada, the upper house being the Nevada State Senate. The body consists of 42 members, elected to two-year terms from single-member districts. Each district contained approximately 64,299 people as of the 2010 United States census. Term limits, limiting assembly members to six 2-year terms (12 years), took effect in 2010.

The Nevada Assembly met at the Nevada State Capitol in Carson City until 1971, when a separate Legislative Building was constructed south of the Capitol.  The Legislative Building was expanded in 1997 to its current appearance to accommodate the growing Nevada Legislature. Since the 2012 session, Assembly districts have been formed by dividing the 21 Senate districts in half, so that each Assembly district is nested within a Senate district.
César Octavio Pedroza Gaitán
César Octavio Pedroza Gaitán (born 20 May 1959) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

He was a senator for the state of San Luis Potosí in the 62nd and 63rd sessions of Congress (2012–2018). He also served as a federal deputy for San Luis Potosí's 5th district during the 61st Congress (2009–2012) and was the mayor of the city of San Luis Potosí from 2004 to 2006.

LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 63rd session of the Congress of Mexico, was made up of senators and deputies that are members of their respective chambers. It convened on September 1, 2015, and concluded on August 31, 2018. It was succeeded by the LXIV Legislature in 2018.

Senators were elected to office in the 2012 election for a period of six years and therefore exercised their position also in the previous legislature; the deputies, elected in the 2015 election, only held office in the current legislature.
Brennand Farm
54°00′13″N 2°32′52″W﻿ / ﻿54.003644°N 2.547859°W﻿ / 54.003644; -2.547859

Brennand Farm is often claimed to be the true centre of Great Britain.

The centre, as calculated by Ordnance Survey as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape of Great Britain, including all its islands, is at Whitendale Hanging Stones, about 1 mile (2 km) north of the farm and about 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) north-west of the village of Dunsop Bridge - which has the nearest BT phone box to the 'true centre'.  A plaque reads "You are calling from the BT payphone that marks the centre of Great Britain".

Haltwhistle claims to be the centre by a different method.

Payphone
A payphone (alternative spelling: pay phone or pay telephone or public phone) is typically a coin-operated public telephone, often located in a telephone booth or in high-traffic public areas. Prepayment is required by inserting coins or telephone tokens, swiping a credit or debit card, or using a telephone card.

The company that operates the payphone generally pays either rent or a revenue share to the owner of the property where the phone is installed.

Invented in the late 19th century, payphones became ubiquitous worldwide in the 20th, enough to contribute to the notion of universal access to basic communication services. The charge for a call may be a flat rate, or dependent on call duration. Following the explosive growth of mobile telephony, the use of payphones, and the number installed, has decreased greatly; several countries and areas have now abolished their payphone services altogether.
DMZ Campaign (1969–1971)
The DMZ Campaign (1969–71) was a military campaign by the United States Army, United States Marine Corps (USMC) and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) against the People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) along the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in northern Quảng Trị Province from 1969 to 1971 during the Vietnam War.

With the departure of the 3rd Marine Division from South Vietnam in late 1969, the U.S. Army expanded its operations along the DMZ until it too was withdrawn in mid-late 1971 when responsibility fell entirely on the ARVN.

Quảng Trị province
Quảng Trị (Vietnamese pronunciation: [kʷâŋ ʈ͡ʂîˀ]) is a coastal province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It borders Huế to the south, Laos to the west and the South China Sea to the east, with 75 kilometres (47 mi) of coast.
Nimble (1802 ship)
Nimble was built in Kingston upon Hull in 1802. She traded with Portugal, first from Hull and then from Liverpool. She was lengthened in 1806. Later, she traded between London and Brazil, and then London and the West Indies. An American privateer captured her in 1814. She was recaptured and then disappeared from ship arrival and departure (SAD) data.

Lloyd's List
Lloyd's List is one of the world's oldest continuously running journals, having provided weekly shipping news in London as early as 1734. It was published daily until 2013 (when the final print issue, number 60,850, was published), and is now published digitally.

Also known simply as The List, it was begun by Edward Lloyd, the proprietor of Lloyd's Coffee House, as a source of information for merchants' agents and insurance underwriters who met regularly in his establishment on Lombard Street to negotiate insurance coverage for trading vessels. It continues to provide this information in addition to marine insurance, offshore energy, logistics, market data, research, global trade and law information, and shipping news.
LA-36 Jammu and Others-III
LA-36 Jammu and Others-III is a constituency of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly which is currently represented by Hafiz Hamid Raza of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). It covers the area of Sialkot Tehsil in Sialkot District. Only refuges from Jammu and Ladakh settled in Pakistan are eligible to vote in this constituency.

Sialkot District
Sialkot District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. Located in northeastern Punjab, the city of Sialkot is the headquarters of the district. It houses the Sialkot Cantonment, established in 1852.
Gamer (2009 film)
Gamer is a 2009 American science fiction action film written and directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor. The film stars Gerard Butler as a participant in an online game in which participants can control human beings as players, and Logan Lerman as the player who controls him. Alongside Butler and Lerman, it also stars Michael C. Hall, Ludacris, Amber Valletta, Terry Crews, Alison Lohman, John Leguizamo, Sam Witwer and Zoë Bell.

Gamer was released in North America on September 4, 2009, receiving generally negative reviews from critics and was a box-office bomb, grossing $42 million worldwide against a production budget of $50 million.

Zoë Bell
Zoë E. Bell (born 17 November 1978) is a New Zealand stuntwoman and actress. Some of her most notable stunt-work includes doubling for Lucy Lawless in Xena: Warrior Princess and for Uma Thurman in Kill Bill.

As an actress, Bell has appeared on television and in feature-films; she has starred in the web series Angel of Death. She is probably most recognized for playing herself in the Quentin Tarantino film Death Proof. In 2015, she appeared in an acting role in Tarantino's film The Hateful Eight, and in 2019 appeared in an acting role in Tarantino's Once Upon a Time in Hollywood in addition to her role as stunt coordinator and stuntwoman.

She was Cate Blanchett's stunt double in the 2017 release Thor: Ragnarok.
Vadambalam
Vadavambalam is one of the villages in Kandamangalam Taluk in the Villupuram District of India's Tamil Nadu State.
This village surrounded both side rivers. In this village most of people doing agricultural. The famous Lakshmi narasimma temple. poovarasankuppam located near this village. More than 15 temples in the village. More than 500 years historical Siva Temple in vadavambalam. From vadavambalam puvarasankuppam lakshmi narasima just 2 kilometer . The grand  festival of the village is selva ganapathi vinayagar temple festival.  Conducted by selva ganapathi nanbargal kuzhu vadavambalam.

Viluppuram
Viluppuram, Villupuram, or Vizhuppuram (Tamil: [ʋiɻɯppɯɾam] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative headquarters of Viluppuram district of Tamil Nadu.

Located 61 kilometres (38 mi) south west of a Tiruvannamalai and 35 kilometres (22 mi) north west of Cuddalore null The town serves as a major and largest railway junction, and National Highway 45 passes through it. Agriculture is a main source of income. As Government of India 2021 census data indicated, Viluppuram had a population of 191,131. and the town's literacy rate has been recorded as 90.16% by Census 2011.

In 1919, Villupuram city was officially constituted as a Municipality which today comprises 42 wards, making it one of the largest cities in Tamilnadu.
University Lake
University Lake is a manmade freshwater lake in Carrboro, North Carolina. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill created the lake in 1932 by building two dams, at the confluence of the Morgan Creek, Phil's Creek, Neville Creek, Price Creek, and Pritchard's Mill Creek. Marshes occur where the creeks meet with the lake, and this serves as environment for wildlife such as various species of waterfowl.

It was originally built to act as a water reservoir for UNC's campus, and the neighboring communities of Carrboro and Chapel Hill. Severe droughts in the 1960s and 1970s lowered the water level, and it soon became necessary for a new reservoir to be built to complement University Lake. It was the sole source of water to the Orange Water and Sewer Authority until the Cane Creek Reservoir was built. The lake is open in the summer for public fishing and recreation. The UNC women's rowing team also trains on the lake.

Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds   also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which includes over 170 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans. Most modern species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at the water surface. With the exception of screamers, males have penises, a trait that has been lost in the Neoaves, the clade consisting of all other modern birds except the galliformes and paleognaths. Due to their aquatic nature, most species are web-footed.