hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leslie Cagan
Leslie Cagan is an American activist, writer, and socialist organizer involved with the peace and social justice movements. She is the former national coordinator of United for Peace and Justice, the former co-chair of Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism.

South End Press
South End Press was a non-profit book publisher run on a model of participatory economics. It was founded in 1977 in Boston's South End. It published books written by political activists, notably Arundhati Roy, Noam Chomsky, bell hooks, Winona LaDuke, Manning Marable, Ward Churchill, Cherríe Moraga, Andrea Smith, Howard Zinn, Jeremy Brecher and Scott Tucker. South End Press closed in 2014.
Kazuyuki Ishihara
Kazuyuki Ishihara (石原和幸 Ishihara Kazuyuki) is a Japanese garden designer who has won many gold medals at the Chelsea Flower Show.  His design for 2019 is an artisan garden, "Green Switch", whose theme is switching from the urban environment to a natural one. It is planted with horsetail, iris, maple, moss, pine, watercress and features two waterfalls and a Japanese tea room.

Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

The often-segregated, monotypic genera Belamcanda (blackberry lily, I. domestica), Hermodactylus (snake's head iris, I. tuberosa), and Pardanthopsis (vesper iris, I. dichotoma) are currently included in Iris.

Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
Tatsuya Tanaka (footballer, born 1992)
Tatsuya Tanaka (田中 達也, born June 9, 1992) is a Japanese football player who plays for Ratchaburi in Thai League 1. His regular playing positions are as a wide midfielder or a wing-back. Tanaka has previously played for Roasso Kumamoto, FC Gifu, Gamba Osaka, Oita Trinita, Urawa Reds, and Avispa Fukuoka.

FC Gifu
Football Club Gifu (フットボールクラブ岐阜, Futtobōrukurabu Gifu), abbreviated as FC Gifu (FC岐阜, Efu Shī Gifu) is a Japanese football club based in Gifu, capital of Gifu Prefecture, Japan. They play in the J3 League, the third tier of Japanese professional football.
2010 Spruce Meadows Masters
The 2010 Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament was the 2010 edition of the CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament, the Canadian official show jumping horse show at Spruce Meadows (Calgary, Alberta). It was held as CSIO 5*.

With over $2 million in prize money it is the  one-week horse show with the highest prize money in the world.

The first edition of the Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament was held 35 years ago in 1976. The BMO Nations Cup, at this time the only outdoor Show Jumping Nations Cup in North America, is held since 1977.

The 2010 edition of the Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament was held between September 8, 2010 and September 12, 2010.

Show jumping
Show jumping is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers. Sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events. Sometimes, show jumping is but one division of a very large, all-breed competition that includes a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation or the British Showjumping Association.  International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Joshekan province
Josheqan (Persian: جوشقان, romanized: Jūsheqān) was a small province of Qajar Iran, covering about 1,000 sq mi (2,600 km2).

Under the Safavids, the region was called Meimeh, and the tax collector resided in the large village of Josheqan Qali. Under the Qajar dynasty, the province of Josheqan was created as a fiefdom for Bahram Mirza Moezz-od-Dowleh Qajar. Upon his death in 1882 it passed to his son Ism'ail Mirza Moezz-od-Dowleh. It was later incorporated into Isfahan province of modern Iran.

Josheqan took its name from the village of Josheqan Qali, once known for its wool production and carpet-making. The word qali (قالی) from its name means carpet. Later, the governor's residence was moved to Meimeh, a smaller city situated at an elevation of 6670 ft. Meimeh is located about 63 mi (101 km) north-west of Isfahan, and roughly equidistant from Gulpaigan and Natanz.

Natanz
Natanz (Persian: نطنز) is a city in the Central District of Natanz County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is 70 kilometres (43 mi) south-east of Kashan.
Concertos for Four Violins (Telemann)
Georg Philipp Telemann's Concertos for Four Violins  (TWV 40:201–204; original title: Concertos à 4 Violini Concertati) is a set of four concertos for four violins without continuo. Each concerto has four movements.

Figured bass
Figured bass is musical notation in which numerals and symbols appear above or below (or next to) a bass note. The numerals and symbols (often accidentals) indicate intervals, chords, and non-chord tones that a musician playing piano, harpsichord, organ, or lute (or other instruments capable of playing chords) should play in relation to the bass note. Figured bass is closely associated with basso continuo: a historically improvised accompaniment used in almost all genres of music in the Baroque period of Classical music (c. 1600–1750), though rarely in modern music. Figured bass is also known as thoroughbass.

Other systems for denoting or representing chords include plain staff notation, used in classical music; Roman numerals, commonly used in harmonic analysis; chord letters, sometimes used in modern musicology; the Nashville Number System; and various chord names and symbols used in jazz and popular music (e.g., C Major or simply C; D minor, Dm, or D−; G7, etc.).
American Viscose Corporation
American Viscose Corporation was an American division of the British firm Courtaulds, which manufactured rayon and other synthetic fibres. The company operated from 1910 to 1976 when it was renamed Avtex. Avtex closed in 1990.

Parkersburg, West Virginia
Parkersburg is a city in Wood County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. Located at the confluence of the Ohio and Little Kanawha rivers, it is the state's fourth-most populous city and the center of the Parkersburg–Vienna metropolitan area. The city's population was 29,749 at the 2020 census, and its metro population was 89,490.
Oddmund Myklebust
Oddmund Myklebust (21 April 1915 –  14 September 1972) was a Norwegian fisher and politician for the Centre Party.

He was born in Sandøy Municipality.

In 1965 he was appointed Minister of Fisheries in the centre-right cabinet Borten. He remained in this position until the 8 November 1968, being replaced by Einar Hole Moxnes.

Myklebust was involved in local politics in Haram Municipality from 1945 to 1953 and 1963 to 1965, and in Sandøy Municipality from 1971 to 1972.

Minister of Fisheries and Ocean Policy
The Minister of Fisheries and Ocean Policy (Bokmål: Fiskeri- og havministeren) is a councilor of state in the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries. The incumbent minister is Marianne Sivertsen Næss of the Labour Party who has served since April 2024.

The position was created 1 July 1946. Between 2004 and 2013 the minister held the name of Minister of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs reflecting a broadening in responsibility for the ministry. When Solberg's Cabinet took office, the minister was again called Minister of Fisheries and did no longer have responsibilities for coastal affairs.

The Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs was abolished in January 2014, but the minister post was kept, and now heads responsibilities for fisheries in the new Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries, alongside the Minister of Trade and Industry.
Buk, Police County
Buk [buk] (German: Böck) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobra, within Police County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, on the border with Germany. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Dobra, 15 km (9 mi) west of Police, and 18 km (11 mi) north-west of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 250.

A landmark in Buk is the medieval Gothic Saint Anthony of Padua church.

There is a memorial statue to the writer Elizabeth von Arnim in the village, which is close to Rzędziny, home to von Arnim from 1891 to 1908.

Police County
Police County (Polish: powiat policki, [pɔˈlʲit͡sɛ]) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Polish-German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Police, which lies 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Nowe Warpno, lying 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Police.

The county covers an area of 664.16 square kilometres (256.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,147, out of which the population of Police is 34,284, that of Nowe Warpno is 1,170 and the rural population is 28,693.
Cristiano Zanetti
Cristiano Zanetti (Italian pronunciation: [kriˈstjaːno ddzaˈnetti]; born 10 April 1977) is a retired Italian footballer who played as a midfielder and current football coach. He was most recently in charge of Massese.

Zanetti played for several Italian clubs throughout his career, winning titles with Fiorentina, Roma, Inter, and Juventus. At international level, he represented the Italy national football team at the 2000 Summer Olympics, at the 2002 FIFA World Cup and at UEFA Euro 2004.

Supercoppa Italiana
The Supercoppa Italiana, also known as the Italian Super Cup, is an annual super cup tournament in Italian football. Founded in 1988 as a two-team competition, it has featured four teams since 2023 (the winners and runners-up of the previous season's Serie A and Coppa Italia). Before the format change, the match was exclusively contested between the winners of the Serie A and Coppa Italia titles. Under the new rules, if a team were to be occupying more than one of the four spots, that spot would then be filled by the third and/or fourth teams in the Serie A standings.

It was originally the opening match of the new season, played at the home stadium of the previous season's Serie A champions. Since 2018, the competition has been held during the winter months, and is mainly hosted internationally. Juventus is the most successful club with nine titles. They have met Lazio on five occasions, making it the most frequent matchup in tournament history.
Impatiens noli-tangere
Impatiens noli-tangere (touch-me-not balsam; Latin impatiēns 'impatient' or 'not allowing', and nōlī tangere 'do not touch': literally 'be unwilling to touch') is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Balsaminaceae found in damp places in Europe, Asia and North America. The yellow flowers are followed by pods which forcefully explode when ripe, ejecting the seeds for some distance.

It is also called touch-me-not, yellow balsam, jewelweed, western touch-me-not, or wild balsam.

Botanical illustration by Otto Wilhelm Thomé, 1885

Flower closeup

Otto Wilhelm Thomé
Otto Wilhelm Thomé (1840–1925) was a German botanist and botanical artist from Cologne, best known for his compendium of botanical illustrations Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz in Wort und Bild für Schule und Haus (Flora of Germany, Austria and Switzerland in Word and Picture for School and Home), the first of 4 volumes with a total of 572 botanical illustrations, published in 1885 in Gera, Germany. Another 8 volumes were added to the set by Walter Migula with the republication in 1903. From 1897 to 1899, he was the Headmaster of the Business School Cologne.
Halpura
Halpura (Hindi:हलपुरा) is a village and Gram panchayat in Bilhaur Tehsil, Kanpur Nagar district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its village code is 209202. As per 2011 Census of India report the population of the village is 1924 where 1042 are men and 882 are women.

Kanpur Nagar district
Kanpur Nagar district, meaning Urban Kanpur District is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India. It is a part of Kanpur division and its district headquarters is Kanpur. Kanpur was formerly spelled Cawnpore.
Arne Hyttnes
Arne Hyttnes (born 29 June 1950) is a Norwegian banker.

He hails from Lesjaskog, and graduated from the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration with the siv.øk. degree in 1975. He started his career in Arthur Andersen & Co in 1975, and was then hired in Den norske Creditbank in 1976. He was the bank's regional director in Oslo in the 1980s. The bank was bought by Bergen Bank which was bought by Den norske Bank. In the latter company he became regional director in Innlandet, based in Gjøvik. In 1997 he was appointed as the managing director of the Norwegian Industrial and Regional Development Fund. He remained here until 2002, when he was hired as managing director in the Norwegian Savings Banks Association. In late 2009 he was selected to double as managing director of the new organization Finance Norway. He is also the manager for the Norwegian Banks' Guarantee Fund.

He still resides in Gjøvik.

Den norske Bank
Den norske Bank or DnB was a Norwegian bank that existed between 1990 and 2003 when it merged with Gjensidige NOR to form DnB NOR (now DNB ASA). The bank's headquarters were in Bergen, Norway.

DnB was created as a merger between Bergen Bank and Den norske Creditbank in 1990 after a major downturn in the economy, especially affecting the banks, who lost vast amounts of money due to misheld loans and falling housing prices. The state held a majority ownership in the bank in addition to its being listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. In 1996, DnB bought Vital Forsikring and in 1999 it merged with Postbanken. From 2011, DnB NOR changed its name to DNB. The cost of the change was estimated at between NOK 150 and 170 million.
Euzaphlegidae
Euzaphlegidae is a family of extinct escolar-like ray-finned fish closely related to the snake mackerels.  Fossils of euzaphlegids are found from earliest Eocene to Late Miocene-aged marine strata of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains, India, Iran, Turkmenistan, Italy, and Southern California.

Snake mackerel
The snake mackerel (Gempylus serpens) is the sole species of fish in the  monotypic genus Gempylus, belonging to the family Gempylidae (which is also referred to generally as "snake mackerels"). It is found worldwide in tropical and subtropical oceans between the latitudes of 42°N and 40°S; adults are known to stray into temperate waters. It is found to a depth of 600 meters (2,000 feet). Populations of the snake mackerel from the Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific differ in vertebral count (51–55 versus 48–50) and number of first dorsal fin spines (30–32 versus 26–30), and so may represent separate species.
Alain Madalle
Alain Madalle (25 February 1937 – 2 November 2024) was a French schoolteacher and politician of the Rally for the Republic (RPR).

Madalle worked as a secondary schoolteacher in Narbonne and was secretary of the RPR in the department of Aude. From 1993 to 1997, he served in the National Assembly in Aude's 2nd constituency and was deputy mayor of Narbonne from 1971 to 1995.

Madalle died on 2 November 2024, at the age of 87.

Rally for the Republic
The Rally for the Republic (French: Rassemblement pour la République [ʁasɑ̃bləmɑ̃ puʁ la ʁepyblik]; RPR [ɛʁ pe ɛʁ]) was a Gaullist and conservative political party in France. Originating from the Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), it was founded by Jacques Chirac in 1976 and presented itself as the heir of Gaullist politics. It was one of the two major parties in French politics, alongside the Socialist Party. On 21 September 2002, the RPR was merged into the Union for the Presidential Majority, later renamed the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP).
Flex acreage
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 mandated that deficiency payments not be made on 15% of a farm’s crop acreage base, called normal flex acres. The acreage could be planted to any program crop (called flexing), but not fruits and vegetables. An additional 10% of the farm’s base acreage could be flexed at the option of the operator. Flexing did not diminish the crop acreage base of a farm. The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) effectively provided total flexibility among all commodities, except for fruits and vegetables, and this policy was continued by the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 101-171, Sec. 1106).

Normal flex acres
In United States agricultural law, Normal flex acreage was a provision of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 requiring a mandatory 15% reduction in payment acreage. Under this provision, producers were ineligible to receive deficiency payments on 15% of their crop acreage base (not including any acreage removed from production under any production adjustment program). Producers, however, were allowed to plant any crop on this acreage, except fruits, vegetables, and other prohibited crops. Flex acreage was eliminated by the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104–127).
4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a 4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4-nitrophenol + NADH + H+ + O2  4-nitrocatechol + NAD+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 4-nitrophenol, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 4-nitrocatechol, NAD+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-nitrophenol,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (2-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase, and 4-nitrophenol-2-hydroxylase.  This enzyme participates in gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation.  It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is an ion created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. 
Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions (hydrons) and negatively charged (hydride) ions.
Åke Gartz
Åke Henrik Gartz (9 June  1888 in Helsinki – 29 November 1974 in Karis) was a Finnish politician. He served as Minister of Trade and Industry in the  J. K. Paasikivi II and III Cabinet from 1944 to 1946 and in the Kekkonen I and II Cabinet as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1950 to 1951.

Gartz was an Independent politician  and did not represent any party, but was counted close to the Swedish People's Party.

Gartz graduated as a Bachelor of Philosophy in 1909 and a Bachelor of Law in 1914. He received the honorary title in 1917.

As Minister Gartz came from industry and employers' organizations; He was deputy director of A. Ahlström since 1931  and chairman of the Board of Directors of Finnish Association of  Employers.

After his ministry, Gartz served as Envoy of Finland in Bern 1951–1953 and in Bucharest and Moscow from 1953 to 1955 (1954–1955 as Ambassador).

Åke Gartz received the honorary title of Vuorineuvos in 1940.

Ahlstrom-Munksjö
Ahlstrom Oyj  is a manufacturer of fiber-based products. Renewable fibers represent about 95% of Ahlstrom's total fiber use.

Ahlstrom operates in Europe, North and South America, and Asia. Most production sites are located in Europe. The head office is located in Espoo, Finland.

Ahlstrom's customers represent several industries, including automotive, furniture, construction, healthcare and life science, food and beverage and energy sectors.

The company has some 7,000 employees worldwide and 36 production or converting facilities in 13 countries. The company's net sales in 2024 amounted to EUR 3.0 billion.

The company is led by Helen Mets, President and CEO.
Tarzan & Jane
Tarzan & Jane is a 2002 American animated adventure film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. Released on July 23, 2002, it is a direct-to-video spin-off of Disney's 1999 animated feature film Tarzan, and uses three then-unaired episodes of the film's corresponding television series, The Legend of Tarzan. Tarzan II, a prequel to both films, was released in 2005. The film is set one year after the events of the first film and Tarzan and Jane are married.

With the exceptions of Erik Von Detten and Jason Marsden as Flynt and Mungo respectively, none of the actors from the original film reprised their roles.

Disney Television Animation
Disney Television Animation (DTVA; also shortened to Disney TVA), formerly known as Walt Disney Pictures Television Animation Group and Walt Disney Television Animation, is an American animation studio that serves as the television animation production arm of Disney Branded Television, a division of Disney Entertainment Television, which is a division of Disney Entertainment, which is one of the three main divisions of The Walt Disney Company. The studio was originally established in 1984, by Gary Krisel during the reorganization and subsequent re-incorporation of Disney following the arrival of then CEO Michael Eisner that year.

The division is responsible for developing and producing animated television series, films, specials and short films for broadcast on the Disney branded networks; Disney Channel, Disney XD and Disney Jr., as well as Disney+.
M-179 (Michigan highway)
M-179 is a 16.963-mile-long (27.299 km) state trunkline highway in the western portion of the US state of Michigan. It runs from US Highway 131 (US 131) at exit 61 outside of Bradley to M-43 just west of Hastings in the Lower Peninsula. The highway  crosses through forest land and provides access to state recreational areas. M-179 has been given the Chief Noonday Recreational Heritage Route designation by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT). Prior to October 1998, this highway was the eastern portion of county road A-42. The number was formally assigned by the next year. This is not the first time the number was used in Michigan, an unrelated M-179 previously existed in the 1930s through the 1950s farther north.

Hastings, Michigan
Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋs/ HAY-stings) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Barry County, as well as the county's only city. The population was 7,514 at the 2020 census. The city borders Hastings Charter Township on the north, east, and south, and Rutland Charter Township on the west.