hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Women in the 20th Canadian Parliament
During the 20th Canadian Parliament, women continued to sit as members of both the House of Commons and the Senate. Nineteen women ran for seats in the Canadian House of Commons in the 1945 federal election. Gladys Strum was elected in the Qu'Appelle riding as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation member; she was the fourth woman to sit in the House of Commons and the first woman to serve as president of a Canadian political party. Cairine Wilson and Iva Campbell Fallis continued to sit as members of the Senate.

20th Canadian Parliament
The 20th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 September 1945, until 30 April 1949. The membership was set by the 1945 federal election on 11 June 1945, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1949 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority first under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry, and later a majority under Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent and the 17th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the newly named Progressive Conservative Party, led first by John Bracken and later by George Drew.

The Speaker was Gaspard Fauteux.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

In this parliament, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, led by M. J. Coldwell, overtook the Social Credit as third largest party.

There were five sessions of the 20th Parliament.
Palampiddi
Palampiddi is a town in Mannar District, Sri Lanka. The popular Madhu Church is located close to this town. It is located approximately 224km (139 mi) from the largest city Colombo.

8°55′N 80°12′E﻿ / ﻿8.917°N 80.200°E﻿ / 8.917; 80.200

Mannar District
Mannar District  (Tamil: மன்னார் மாவட்டம் Maṉṉār Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: මන්නාරම දිස්ත්‍රික්කය) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is Mannar, which is located on Mannar Island.
A History of Vector Analysis
A History of Vector Analysis (1967) is a book on the history of vector analysis by Michael J. Crowe, originally published by the University of Notre Dame Press.
As a scholarly treatment of a reformation in technical communication, the text is a contribution to the history of science. In 2002, Crowe gave a talk summarizing the book, including an entertaining introduction in which he covered its publication history and related the award of a Jean Scott prize of $4000.  Crowe had entered the book in a competition for "a study on the history of complex and hypercomplex numbers" twenty-five years after his book was first published.

Oliver Heaviside
Oliver Heaviside (/ˈhɛvisaɪd/ HEV-ee-syde; 18 May 1850 – 3 February 1925) was a British mathematician and electrical engineer who invented a new technique for solving differential equations (equivalent to the Laplace transform), independently developed vector calculus, and rewrote Maxwell's equations in the form commonly used today. He significantly shaped the way Maxwell's equations were understood and applied in the decades following Maxwell's death. Also, in 1893, he extended them to gravitoelectromagnetism, which was confirmed by Gravity Probe B in 2005. His formulation of the telegrapher's equations became commercially important during his own lifetime, after their significance went unremarked for a long while, as few others were versed at the time in his novel methodology. Although at odds with the scientific establishment for most of his life, Heaviside changed the face of telecommunications, mathematics, and science.
Young Woman with a Blue Ribbon
Young Woman with a Blue Ribbon is an 1888 oil on canvas painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, now in the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon. The name of the model is unknown but she can also be seen in other Renoir works such as the young woman splashing the others in Les Grandes Baigneuses (Renoir, 1887).

The painting itself represented a return by Renoir to a gentler, more delicate style after his years of experimenting with Impressionism. As he himself said at the time in a letter to the art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel "I have taken up again, never to abandon it, my old style, soft and light of touch. This is to give you some idea of my new and final manner of painting".

Paul Durand-Ruel
Paul Durand-Ruel (French pronunciation: [pɔl dyʁɑ̃ ʁɥɛl]; 31 October 1831 – 5 February 1922) was a French art dealer associated with the Impressionists and the Barbizon School. Being the first to support artists such as Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, he is known for his innovations in modernizing art markets, and is generally considered to be the most important art dealer of the 19th century. An ambitious entrepreneur, Durand-Ruel cultivated international interest in French artists by establishing art galleries and exhibitions in London, New York, Berlin, Brussels, among other places. Additionally, he played a role in the decentralization of art markets in France, which prior to the mid-19th century was monopolized by the Salon system.
Żydowce
Żydowce is a part of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the right bank of the Oder river, in the southern part of the city.

The area became part of the emerging Duchy of Poland under its first ruler Mieszko I around 967. Following Poland's fragmentation after the death of Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138 it became part of an independent Duchy of Pomerania, which in 1227 became part of the Holy Roman Empire. As a result of the Ostsiedlung, it became known as Sydowsaue. During the Thirty Years' War, the settlement passed to the Swedish Empire, while remaining under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire. Subsequently, it passed to Prussia. After the Second World War, the area became again part of Poland.

Civitas Schinesghe
Civitas Schinesghe (Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈtʃivitas skiˈnesɡe]; Polish: Państwo Gnieźnieńskie), commonly referred to in historiography as the Duchy of Poland or the Principality of Poland, was the early medieval polity centered around Gniezno and ruled by the Piast dynasty. It emerged in the 10th century and is considered the predecessor state of the Kingdom of Poland, which was formally established in 1025.
Allan M. Campbell
Allan McCulloch Campbell (April 27, 1929 – April 19, 2018) was an American microbiologist and geneticist and the  Barbara Kimball Browning Professor Emeritus in the Department of Biology at Stanford University.  
His pioneering work on Lambda phage helped to advance molecular biology in the late 20th century.
An important collaborator and member of his laboratory at Stanford University was biochemist Alice del Campillo Campbell, his wife.

Geneticist
A geneticist is a biologist or physician who studies genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation of organisms. A geneticist can be employed as a scientist or a lecturer. Geneticists may perform general research on genetic processes or develop genetic technologies to aid in the pharmaceutical or and agriculture industries. Some geneticists perform experiments in model organisms such as Drosophila, C. elegans, zebrafish, rodents or humans and analyze data to interpret the inheritance of biological traits. A basic science geneticist is a scientist who usually has earned a PhD in genetics and undertakes research and/or lectures in the field. A medical geneticist is a physician who has been trained in medical genetics as a specialization and evaluates, diagnoses, and manages patients with hereditary conditions or congenital malformations; and provides genetic risk calculations and mutation analysis.
Weil–Châtelet group
In arithmetic geometry, the Weil–Châtelet group or WC-group of an algebraic group such as an abelian variety A defined over a field K is the abelian group of principal homogeneous spaces for A, defined over K. John Tate (1958) named it for François Châtelet (1946) who introduced it for elliptic curves, and André Weil (1955), who introduced it for more  general groups. It plays a basic role in the arithmetic of abelian varieties, in particular for elliptic curves, because of its connection with infinite descent.

It can be defined directly from Galois cohomology, as , where  is the absolute Galois group of K. It is of particular interest for local fields and global fields, such as algebraic number fields. For K a finite field, Friedrich Karl Schmidt (1931) proved that the Weil–Châtelet group is trivial for elliptic curves, and Serge Lang (1956) proved that it is trivial for any connected algebraic group.

Principal homogeneous space
In mathematics, a principal homogeneous space, or torsor, for a group G is a homogeneous space X for G in which the stabilizer subgroup of every point is trivial. Equivalently, a principal homogeneous space for a group G is a non-empty set X on which G acts freely and transitively (meaning that, for any x, y in X, there exists a unique g in G such that x·g = y, where · denotes the (right) action of G on X).
An analogous definition holds in other categories, where, for example,

G is a topological group, X is a topological space and the action is continuous,

G is a Lie group, X is a smooth manifold and the action is smooth,

G is an algebraic group, X is an algebraic variety and the action is regular.
Cyrillic phonetic alphabets
There are several conventions for phonetic transcription using the Cyrillic script, typically augmented with Latin and Greek to fill in missing sounds. The details vary by author, and depend on which letters are available for the language of the text. For instance, in a work written in Ukrainian, ⟨г⟩ may be used for [ɣ] (the voiced equivalent of ⟨х⟩), whereas in Russian texts, ⟨г⟩ is used for [ɡ]. This article follows common Russian usage.

Authors differ, for example, in whether they transcribe the voiced fricatives with the South Slavic letters ⟨ѕ⟩ and ⟨џ⟩, with the ligatures ⟨ꚉ⟩ and ⟨ԫ⟩ (which are common in monolingual dictionaries), or as simple digraphs ⟨д͡з⟩ and ⟨д͡ж⟩. Latin w, l, k and h are commonly used for IPA [β ɫ q h], though q is also used with its IPA value instead of k. Greek φ and γ are commonly used for IPA [ɸ ɣ].

Voiced velar fricative
A voiced velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound that is used in various spoken languages. It is not found in most varieties of Modern English but existed in Old English. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɣ⟩, a Latinized variant of the Greek letter gamma, ⟨γ⟩, which has this sound in Modern Greek. It should not be confused with the graphically-similar ⟨ɤ⟩, the IPA symbol for a close-mid back unrounded vowel, which some writings use for the voiced velar fricative.

The symbol ⟨ɣ⟩ is also sometimes used to represent the velar approximant, which, however, is more accurately written with the lowering diacritic: [ɣ̞] or [ɣ˕]. The IPA also provides a dedicated symbol for a velar approximant, [ɰ].

There is also a voiced post-velar fricative, also called pre-uvular, in some languages. For the voiced pre-velar fricative, also called post-palatal, see voiced palatal fricative.
Dharmalingam Kannan
Dharmalingam Kannan (8 July 1936 – 19 May 2006) was an Indian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Kannan played for Hyderabad from 1956 to 1958 and Bengal from 1959. He represented India in the 1958 Asian Games. He was employed with the Vehicle Depot, Secunderabad but moved to East Bengal.

1958 Asian Games
The 1958 Asian Games, officially the Third Asian Games (Japanese: 第3回アジア競技大会) and commonly known as Tokyo 1958 (Japanese: 東京1958), were a multi-sport event held in Tokyo, Japan, from 24 May to 1 June 1958. It was governed by the Asian Games Federation. A total of 1,820 athletes representing 20 Asian National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in the Games. The program featured competitions in 13 different sports encompassing 97 events, including four non-Olympic sports, judo, table tennis, tennis and volleyball. Four of these competition sports – field hockey, table tennis, tennis and volleyball – were introduced for the first time in the Asian Games.

This is the first time that Japan hosted the Asian Games.
Ecotopia Emerging
Ecotopia Emerging (EE) by Ernest Callenbach is a fictionalized history of events leading up to the secession of regions of the Pacific Coast of the United States: Northern California, Oregon, and Washington join to form the environmentalist nation of Ecotopia which is said to have steady-state economy. In 1975, Callenbach had published a utopian novel called Ecotopia about the events; EE is the prequel, published in 1981. The EE story seems to take place in the 1990s; Callenbach assumes that the pro-business, anti-environmental Reagan-era policies—already evident at the time of publication—will have persisted in the United States after Reagan's presidency.

Ecotopia has been extremely popular and influential. Although EE addresses the question of 'how to get there from here,' it has received much less attention. On its release, Publishers Weekly reviewed it as a “young adult” book.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
Astropecten scoparius
Astropecten scoparius is a sea star in the family Astropectinidae. It is found in shallow water in the East China Sea and around the coasts of Japan. It is a grey starfish and each of its five arms has a narrow pale margin. It burrows in the muddy sediments on the seabed and feeds on molluscs.

Astropectinidae
The Astropectinidae are a family of sea stars in the order Paxillosida. Usually, these starfish live on the seabed and immerse themselves in soft sediment such as sand and mud.

They are not to be confused with species in the genus Archaster, which share similar shape and life habits, but belong to the family Archasteridae (order Valvatida).
Zero for Conduct (novelette)
"Zero for Conduct" is a science-fiction short story by Australian writer Greg Egan, first published in Twelve Tomorrows (a special fiction edition of MIT Technology Review) edited by Stephen Cass in September 2013. The short story was included in the anthology The Year's Best Science Fiction: Thirty-First Annual Collection edited by Gardner Dozois in July 2014 as well as the collections The Best of Greg Egan in 2019 and Instantiation in 2020.

Gardner Dozois
Gardner Raymond Dozois ( /doʊˈzwɑː/ doh-ZWAH; July 23, 1947 – May 27, 2018) was an American science fiction author and editor. He was the founding editor of The Year's Best Science Fiction anthologies (1984–2018) and was editor of Asimov's Science Fiction (1986–2004), garnering multiple Hugo and Locus Awards for those works almost every year. He also won the Nebula Award for Best Short Story twice. He was inducted to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame on June 25, 2011.
Dactylopsaron
Dactylopsaron is a monotypic genus of ray-finned fish from the family Hemerocoetidae. The only species in the genus, Dactylopsaron dimorphicum is found in the eastern South Pacific on the Salas y Gomez ridge and the adjacent part of the Nazca Ridge.

Isla Salas y Gómez
Isla Salas y Gómez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈisla ˈsalas i ˈɣomes]), also known as Isla Sala y Gómez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈisla ˈsalaj ˈɣomes]; Rapa Nui: Motu Motiro Hiva), is a small uninhabited Chilean island in the Pacific Ocean. It is sometimes considered the easternmost point in the Polynesian Triangle.

Isla Salas y Gómez and its surrounding waters are a Marine Protected Area called Parque Marino Salas y Gómez, with a surface area of 150,000 km2. Throughout its history, the island has been largely untouched by humans, due to its diminutive size and remoteness.
Mark Mancina
Mark Mancina (born 1957) is an American film composer. A veteran of Hans Zimmer's Media Ventures, Mancina has scored over sixty films and television series including Speed, Bad Boys, Twister, Tarzan, Training Day, Brother Bear, Criminal Minds, Blood+, Planes, and Moana.He has also composed Music for the Playstation 3 Game Sorcery.

He has made several collaborations with The Walt Disney Company, and has won two Grammy Awards, and was nominated for an Annie Award for Brother Bear. For his work on the Disney Theatrical Productions adaptation of The Lion King, he was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Original Score in a Musical and won a Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album.

Annie Awards
The Annie Awards are accolades which the Los Angeles branch of the International Animated Film Association, ASIFA-Hollywood, has presented each year since 1972 to recognize excellence in animation shown in American cinema and television. Originally designed to celebrate lifetime or career contributions to animation, the award has been given to individual works since 1992, becoming the biggest awards ceremony in the United States for the animation industry.

Membership in ASIFA-Hollywood is divided into three main categories: General Member (for professionals), Patron (for enthusiasts of animation), and Student Member. Members in each category pay a fee to belong to the branch. Selected professional members of the branch are permitted to vote to decide the awards.

The 48th and 49th Annie Awards ceremonies were held virtually on April 16, 2021, and March 12, 2022, respectively, due to the then ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Flag of Albuquerque, New Mexico
The flag of Albuquerque is the official municipal flag of the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. The design is a red field with yellow elements (a Zia sun symbol with the number "1706" in the middle, the word "Albuquerque" in italics just below the sun symbol, and a flying thunderbird in the canton).

Multiple pushes have been made to redesign the flag, even getting some city council members to suggest an open contest and public vote. No change has been made despite these efforts.

Italic script
Italic script, also known as chancery cursive and Italic hand, is a semi-cursive, slightly sloped style of handwriting and calligraphy that was developed during the Renaissance in Italy. It is one of the most popular styles used in contemporary Western calligraphy.
Phu Pha Thoep National Park
Phu Pha Thoep National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติภูผาเทิบ), formerly known as Mukdahan National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติมุกดาหาร), is a national park in Mukdahan Province, Thailand. This park, one of the country's smallest national parks, is home to unusual rock formations and a cave with ancient hand paintings.

Mukdahan
Mukdahan (Thai: มุกดาหาร, pronounced [múk.dāː.hǎːn]) is a town (thesaban mueang) and capital of Mukdahan Province, which became Thailand's 73rd province in 1982. In the northeastern region of the country, on the right (west) bank Mekong River, it was formerly a district of Nakhon Phanom Province. The population of the municipal area was 180,600 in 2010. Mukdahan is 645 km northeast of Bangkok.
Dream Music – The Movie Music of Tangerine Dream
Dream Music – The Movie Music of Tangerine Dream is a 1993 compilation album by Tangerine Dream featuring material from three of soundtrack albums for the films The Park Is Mine, Deadly Care and Dead Solid Perfect.

Dead Solid Perfect
Dead Solid Perfect is a 1988 American film following the life of a professional golfer on the PGA Tour.  It was produced by HBO films and based on the 1974 novel of the same name by Dan Jenkins and written and directed by Bobby Roth.
Osman Jan
Osman Jan (Urdu: عثمان جان) was a Pakistani footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Jan is regarded as one of the greatest goalkeepers in the Indian subcontinent during the 1930s and 1940s. With a short height measuring 5'6", Jan was praised for his long-range leap and a powerful fist. He was also renowned for his outfield play mind and one-on-one situations.

He was part of the Calcutta League dominant side Mohammedan Sporting in the 1930s. He also represented Aryan FC. Osman played for Bengal and Delhi in the Santosh Trophy and was the first footballer to win the Santosh Trophy for two different states.

Osman was appointed captain of the Pakistan national team in their international debut in 1950, and became the first ever captain in the country's history.

National Football Championship (Pakistan)
The National Football Championship, known as National A-Division Football Championship between 1992 and 1994, was the men's highest level football competition from 1948 to 2003. Founded by the Pakistan Football Federation (PFF) in 1948, it was usually held as a knockout representative tournament, with teams fielded by provincial and divisional associations alongside departmental teams. Between 1992 and 1994, the competition briefly adopted a revamped league format, before reverting to knockouts. It was replaced by the Pakistan Premier League in 2004 as part of efforts to professionalise domestic football.

Karachi based Pakistan Airlines is the most successful team, winning the competition nine times.
Indian Journal of Community Medicine
The Indian Journal of Community Medicine is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by Medknow Publications  on behalf of the Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine. The journal publishes articles on family health care, epidemiology, biostatistics, public health administration, health care delivery, national health problems, medical anthropology, and social medicine.

Medknow Publications
Medknow Publications also known as Wolters Kluwer Medknow or simply Medknow, is a publisher of academic journals on behalf of learned societies and associations. Previously an independent Indian publisher, Medknow is now part of Wolters Kluwer's Health Division, under Wolters Kluwer India.

Medknow is not a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association. Some, but not all of its journals are listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. The publisher briefly appeared on Beall's list in 2011, but was taken down, being described as "[a] publisher for many well-respected Indian professional societies and is disseminating abundant, high-quality research."
Boret
Boret or Boreth is a both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the names include:

Long Boret (1933–1975), Cambodian politician

Vadim Boreț (born 1976), Moldovan football player and manager

Micheal Boret (1713–?), landed in Pennsylvania in 1738.

Vadim Boreț
Vadim Boreț (born 5 September 1976) is a Moldovan professional football manager and former player.

Boreț started his career at Zimbru Chişinău before moved to Transnistria for Sheriff Tiraspol.

In January 2005, he moved to Polish side Dyskobolia on loan. He also on loan at Tiraspol in the second half of 2003–04 season. In summer 2005, he tried his luck to move to Neftchi Baku.