hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baraki Barak airstrike
The Baraki Barak airstrike was a coalition airstrike that occurred on August 26, 2011, in Eastern Afghanistan. Six Afghan civilians from the same family were killed in the air strike in the Baraki Barak district of Logar province, Afghanistan. Four insurgents and three Afghan army members were also killed.

Logar provincial police chief Ghulam Sakhi Rogh Lewani said the operation had targeted a Taliban commander, Qari Hijran, who had a bounty on his head. The top official in the district, Mohammad Rahim Amin, claimed that the incident occurred when a local teacher provided shelter for the commander in his home.

Logar Province
Logar is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern section of the country. It is divided into 7 districts and contains hundreds of villages. Puli Alam is the capital of the province. As of 2021, Logar has a population of approximately 442,037 people, most of whom are ethnic Pashtuns and Tajiks.

The Logar River enters the province through the west and leaves to the north.
Gierke
Gierke or von Gierke could refer to:

Edgar von Gierke (1877–1945), German physician
Glycogen storage disease type I, also known as von Gierke disease, named for Edgar von Gierke

H. F. Gierke III (1943–2016), American jurist

Hans Paul Bernhard Gierke (1847–1886), German anatomist 
Solitary tract, sometimes known as the Gierke respiratory bundle, named for Hans Paul Bernhard Gierke

Henning von Gierke, German artist and set designer

Otto von Gierke (1841–1921), German legal scholar and historian

Henning von Gierke
Henning von Gierke (born 22 December 1947 in Karlsruhe) is a German painter, set designer, production designer and art director. He has collaborated with director Werner Herzog on a number of projects. Among his many collaborations with other film, theatre and opera directors, Gierke is most notable as a painter.
Durdy Durdyýew
Durdy Durdyýew (often referred to in the Western media by his Russianized name: Дурды Дурдыев Durdy Durdyiev) is the Deputy Tourism and Sports Minister of Turkmenistan. On December 26, 2006, it was falsely announced he was nominated by the People's Council of Turkmenistan to be a candidate in the presidential election scheduled for February 11, 2007. Muhammetnazar Gurbanow, head of the Garabekewul district, was nominated instead.

People's Council of Turkmenistan
The People's Council of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Halk Maslahaty, [xɑlq mɑθlɑxɑt̪ɯ]; "People's Council") is Turkmenistan's independent "representative body" exerting supreme constitutional authority. It includes in its membership, but is not considered part of, the legislature. Among other things, it is empowered to amend the constitution. Its chairman is appointed by the president and is designated the "National Leader". State media referred to the People's Council as the "supreme representative organ of people's power", a title similar to the "supreme organ of state power" of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and of Soviet Turkmenistan. From 2021 to 2023 it was the upper chamber of Turkmenistan's Parliament, the "National Council" (Turkmen: Milli Geňeş).
Kilavikulam
Kilavikulam is a village in Rajapalayam Taluk in Virudhunagar District of Tamil Nadu State in India. It is located at 50 km from the District Headquarters of Virudhunagar and located 597 km from Chennai (Capital City of Tamil Nadu State).

Virudhunagar district
Virudhunagar district is a district (an administrative district) of Tamil Nadu state in south India. Virudhunagar is the district headquarters of Virudhunagar district. Virudhunagar district was formed by the separation of Old Ramanathapuram District G.O passed on 08,March 1985 & formed in 15,March 1985 into Ramanathapuram District, Sivagangai District and the west part as Virudhunagar District. Virudhunagar District was formerly called Karmavirer Kamarajar District. As of 2011, Virudhunagar district had a population of 1,942,288 with a sex-ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. Sivakasi is the most populous and largest city in the district.
Jacques-Antoine Beaufort
Jacques Antoine Beaufort (1721 in Paris – 1784 in Rueil), was an 18th-century academic French painter. Little is known of his early life but he had his first public exhibition at the Marseille Academy in 1756, where he taught drawing, and later at the Paris Salon (1767–83). He was accepted into the Academie Royale in 1766.

Rueil-Malmaison
Rueil-Malmaison (French pronunciation: [ʁɥɛj malmɛzɔ̃] ⓘ) or simply Rueil is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France region. It is located 12.6 kilometres (8 miles) from the centre of Paris. It is one of the wealthiest suburbs of Paris.
Supreme Court of Poland
The Supreme Court (Polish: Sąd Najwyższy [ˈsɔnt najˈvɘʂ.ʂɘ] ⓘ) is the highest court in the Republic of Poland. It is located in the Krasiński Square, Warsaw.

The legal basis for the competence and activities of the Supreme Court is the Polish Constitution, the Act on the Supreme Court and the Presidential Decree on the organisation of the Supreme Court.

Constitution of Poland
The Constitution of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej or Konstytucja RP for short) is the supreme law of the Republic of Poland, which is also commonly called the Third Polish Republic (Polish: III Rzeczpospolita or III RP for short) in contrast with the preceding systems.

The current constitution was ratified on 2 April 1997. The Constitution is also commonly referred to as the 1997 Constitution. It replaced the Small Constitution of 1992, a revision of the 1952 Constitution of the Polish People's Republic. It was adopted by the National Assembly of Poland on 2 April 1997, approved by a national referendum on 25 May 1997, promulgated by the President of the Republic on 16 July 1997, and came into force on 17 October 1997.

Poland (and its predecessor states) have had numerous constitutions throughout history; the 1505 Nihil novi was one of the first European constitutional acts. Historically, the most significant is the Constitution of 3 May 1791.
Lakis Lazopoulos
Apostolos (Lakis) Lazopoulos (Greek: Απόστολος "Λάκης" Λαζόπουλος; born 6 May 1956) is a Greek playwright, actor, comedian, script writer, producer, tv presenter, writer, columnist, songwriter and performer. He was ranked 83rd by the public in Skai TV's Great Greeks in 2009. In 2010, Forbes ranked Lazopoulos as the most powerful and influential celebrity in Greece.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Brodła
Brodła [ˈbrɔdwa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Alwernia, within Chrzanów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

In 1595, the village located in the Poviat of the Kraków Province was owned by Aleksander Myszkowski. In the years 1975-1998 the town was located in the Krakow province. In the village there is a historic figure of Saint. John of Nepomuk from 1783 made in the Baroque style. In Brodła, there is a Mass Chapel named after Heart of Jesus. To the north of the center of the village is the Prześnice hill.

Chrzanów County
Chrzanów County (Polish: powiat chrzanowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Chrzanów, which lies 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków. The county contains three other towns: Trzebinia, 8 km (5 mi) north-east of Chrzanów, Libiąż, 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Chrzanów, and Alwernia, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Chrzanów.

The county covers an area of 371.49 square kilometres (143.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 124,937, out of which the population of Chrzanów is 36,717, that of Trzebinia is 19,778, that of Libiąż is 17,017, that of Alwernia is 3,368, and the rural population is 40,778.
Carbacanthographis pseudorustica
Carbacanthographis pseudorustica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in insular Malaysia, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected in 1965 by American lichenologist Mason Hale from a virgin peat dipterocarp forest in the Sungai Assan logging area (Sarawak). It is similar to Carbacanthographis halei, but has larger ascospores. The specific epithet pseudorustica recalls Allographa rustica, the name of a lookalike species that Hale had originally applied to his collections of this lichen.

The lichen has a whitish to pale beige thallus lacking both a cortex and a prothallus. It has hyaline ascospores that measure 45–65 by 10–12 μm; these spores have between 11 and 15 transverse septa. Carbacanthographis pseudorustica contains stictic acid and constictic acid, which are lichen products that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography.

Constictic acid
Constictic acid is a chemical compound of the depsidone class.  It was first isolated in 1968 from lichen of the genus Usnea.  It has since been found in many other lichen genera including Menegazzia, Crespoa, and Xanthoparmelia.
Carla Blanchard Dartez
Carla Blanchard Dartez (born September 1965) is a Democratic former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from District 51 (Assumption, St. Mary, and Terrebonne parishes). She was first elected to that office in 1999 and took her seat in January 2000.

In 2007, Dartez came to national attention after remarks she made calling a civil rights activist "Buckwheat" after a campaign event became public. The term, in reference to the Little Rascals character of the same name, is considered a racial slur. Dartez apologized. The local chapter of the NAACP threw its support behind her Republican opponent, Joe Harrison of Napoleonville in Assumption Parish, in the general election  held on November 17, 2007. Dartez polled 3,276 votes to Harrison's 4,338.

Dartez retired in 2008. She resides in Morgan City in St. Mary Parish.

Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana
Terrebonne Parish (/ˌtɛrəˈboʊn/ TERR-ə-BOHN; French: Paroisse de Terrebonne) is a parish located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, the population was 109,580. The parish seat is Houma. The parish was founded in 1822. Terrebonne Parish is part of the Houma-Thibodaux metropolitan statistical area.

It is the fifth-largest parish in the state in terms of land area, and it has been a center of Cajun culture since the 18th century. More than 10% of its residents speak French at home.
Sculptor Group
The Sculptor Group is a loose group of galaxies visible near the south galactic pole.  The group is one of the closest groups of galaxies to the Local Group; the distance to the center of the group from the Milky Way is approximately 3.9 Mpc (12.7 Mly).

The Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253) and a few other galaxies form a gravitationally-bound core in the center of this group.  A few other galaxies at the periphery may be associated with the group but may not be gravitationally bound.  Because most of the galaxies in this group are actually weakly gravitationally bound, the group may also be described as a filament. It is considered to be at an early stage of evolution in which galaxies are still falling into the group along filamentary structures.

Galaxy filament
In cosmology, galaxy filaments are the largest known structures in the universe, consisting of walls of galactic superclusters. These massive, thread-like formations can commonly reach 50 to 80 megaparsecs (160 to 260 megalight-years)—with the largest found to date being Quipu (400 megaparsecs), and possibly the still unconfirmed Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall at around 3 gigaparsecs (9.8 Gly) in length—and form the boundaries between voids. Due to the accelerating expansion of the universe, the individual clusters of gravitationally bound galaxies that make up galaxy filaments are moving away from each other at an accelerated rate; in the far future they will dissolve.

Galaxy filaments form the cosmic web and define the overall structure of the observable universe.
Pentagon (film)
Pentagon is a 2023 Indian Kannada-language anthology drama film directed by Chandra Mohan, Akash Srivatsa, Raghu Shivamogga, Kiran Kumar and Guru Deshpande and starring Kishore, P. Ravi Shankar, Vijanath Biradar, Pramod Shetty, Prakash Belawadi and Pruthvi Ambaar. The film consists of five different stories with a common theme. This film is one of the few Kannada anthology films.

Pramod Shetty
Pramod Shetty is an Indian actor who appears in Kannada films. Pramod started his career as a theater artist. He also appeared in several kannada serials. Pramod made his film debut in 2010 with film Jugaari. He got recognition for his roles in Ulidavaru Kandanthe (2014) and Kirik Party (2016).
Pittington Hill
Pittington Hill is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England. It lies adjacent to the village of Pittington, some  6 km north-east of Durham city. A disused quarry occupies part of the site.

The hill slopes and former quarry support an extensive area of primary magnesian limestone grassland. Blue moor-grass, Sesleria albicans, a characteristic plant of such grassland, is present but not abundant in the primary grassland on the hill slopes, where herbs such as rock-rose, Helianthemum nummularium, are more common; blue moor-grass is more plentiful in the secondary grassland on the quarry floor and spoil heaps, where it is associated with species such as quaking grass, Briza media, salad burnet, Sanguisorba minor, and autumn gentian, Gentianella amarella.

Briza media
Briza media is a perennial grass in the family Poaceae and is a species of the genus Briza.

Common name includes quaking-grass, common quaking grass, cow-quake, didder, dithering-grass, dodder-grass, doddering dillies, doddle-grass, earthquakes, jiggle-joggles, jockey-grass, lady's-hair, maidenhair-grass, pearl grass, quakers, quakers-and-shakers, shaking-grass, tottergrass, and wag-wantons.
1985 Beatrice Indy Challenge
The 1985 Beatrice Indy Challenge was the fifteenth and final round of the 1985 CART season. The race was held on November 9, 1985, in Tamiami Park, Florida at the streets of Tamiami Park. The race was contested of 112 laps. Danny Sullivan won the race. Bobby Rahal finished 2nd, and Al Unser Jr. finished 3rd. Al Unser and Roberto Moreno rounded out the top five, and Danny Ongais, Arie Luyendyk, Bill Whittington, Josele Garza, and Rupert Keegan rounded out the top ten.

In one of the most dramatic championship finales in Indy car racing history, Al Unser wound up winning his third and final Indy car championship over his son, Al Unser Jr., by just 1 point, and earned the $300,000 championship prize. Unser became the oldest driver in Indy car history to win a championship, at 46 years, 5 months and 12 days old.

Rupert Keegan
Rupert Keegan (26 February 1955 – 23 September 2024) was an English racing driver. He participated in 37 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 8 May 1977. He scored no championship points.
Etxabarri Ibiña
Etxabarri Ibiña (Basque pronunciation: [etʃaβari iβiɲa], also in Basque: Etxabarri Dibiña, Spanish: Echávarri-Viña [eˈtʃaβari ˈβiɲa]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Zigoitia, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. The Gorbeia shopping mall is located in the hamlet, it mainly serves the nearby city of Vitoria-Gasteiz.

Álava
Álava (Spanish: [ˈalaβa]) or Araba (Basque pronunciation: [aˈɾaba]), officially Araba/Álava, is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Álava, former medieval Catholic bishopric and now Latin titular see.

Its capital city, Vitoria-Gasteiz, is also the seat of the political main institutions of the Basque Autonomous Community. It borders the Basque provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa to the north, the community of La Rioja to the south, the province of Burgos (in the community of Castile and León) to the west and the community of Navarre to the east. The Enclave of Treviño, surrounded by Alavese territory, is however part of the province of Burgos, thus belonging to the autonomous community of Castile and León, not Álava.

It is the largest of the three provinces in the Basque Autonomous Community in geographical terms, with 3,037 km2, but also the least populated with 331,700 inhabitants (2019).
Bealville, California
Bealville is an unincorporated community in Kern County, California. It is located on the Union Pacific Railroad  (formerly Southern Pacific Railroad) 1.25 miles (2 km) south of Caliente, at an elevation of 1,811 feet (552 m). The area was named after Edward Fitzgerald Beale, who owned the adjacent Rancho El Tejon.

The Southern Pacific Railroad established the Bealville depot and telegraph office on the railroad in 1876 and it remained in service until 1913. A post office operated at Bealville from 1879 to 1881. The town is now registered as California Historical Landmark #741.

California Historical Landmark reads:

NO. 741 BEALVILLE - Edward Fitzgerald Beale, serving under Commodore Stockton in 1846, established his home here on Rancho le Libre in 1855. He also engaged in mining and became Superintendent of Indian Affairs for California and Nevada, and Minister to Vienna.

Rancho El Tejón
Rancho El Tejón was a 97,617-acre (395.04 km2) Mexican land grant in the Tehachapi Mountains and northeastern San Emigdio Mountains, in present-day Kern County, California. It was granted in 1843 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to José Antonio Aguirre and Ygnacio del Valle. The rancho is now a part of the 270,000 acres (1,093 km2) Tejon Ranch.

El Tejón means badger in Spanish.

When California was founded as a state in 1850, Rancho El Tejón served as a boundary marker for several counties, first anchoring the junction of Mariposa, Los Angeles and San Diego counties, changing in a few years to a boundary marker between Tulare, Kern and San Bernardino when counties were reworked. Some confusion was caused by the indistinct definition of the original Mexican land grant, and the lack of a modern survey to establish the exact boundary of Rancho El Tejón.
WinCDEmu
WinCDEmu is an open-source utility for mounting disk image files in Microsoft Windows. It installs a Windows device driver which allows a user to access an image of a CD or DVD as if it were a physical drive. WinCDEmu supports ISO, CUE/BIN, CCD/IMG, NRG, MDS/MDF and RAW formats.

Optical disc image
An optical disc image (or ISO image, from the ISO 9660 file system used with CD-ROM media) is a disk image that contains everything that would be written to an optical disc, disk sector by disc sector, including the optical disc file system. ISO images contain the binary image of an optical media file system (usually ISO 9660 and its extensions or UDF), including the data in its files in binary format, copied exactly as they were stored on the disc. The data inside the ISO image will be structured according to the file system that was used on the optical disc from which it was created.

ISO images can be created from optical discs by disk imaging software, or from a collection of files by optical disc authoring software, or from a different disk image file by means of conversion. Software distributed on bootable discs is often available for download in ISO image format; like any other ISO image, it may be written to an optical disc such as CD, DVD and Blu-Ray.
Flesh Gordon Meets the Cosmic Cheerleaders
Flesh Gordon Meets the Cosmic Cheerleaders (aka Flesh Gordon 2: Flesh Gordon Meets the Cosmic Cheerleaders) is a 1990 Canadian superhero sex comedy film, and the sequel to the sex comedy Flesh Gordon. Like the original, it spoofs the Flash Gordon serials, though the humor is more scatological than the original. Only William Dennis Hunt returns from the original cast.

Scatology
In medicine and biology, scatology or coprology is the study of faeces.

Scatological studies allow one to determine a wide range of biological information about a creature, including its diet (and thus where it has been), health and diseases such as tapeworms.

A comprehensive study of scatology was documented by John Gregory Bourke under the title Scatalogic Rites of All Nations (1891), with a 1913 German translation including a foreword by Sigmund Freud. An abbreviated version of the work was published as The Portable Scatalog in 1994.
Sonny Caldinez
Sonny Caldinez (1 July 1932 – 12 April 2022) was a Trinidadian actor and professional wrestler. He was often cast in television and films for his great height and muscular physique. Caldinez appeared as various Ice Warriors on the British programme Doctor Who and also in films such as The Man with the Golden Gun, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Ali G Indahouse, Arabian Adventure and The Fifth Element.

Caldinez played Ice Warriors in all four of the classic Doctor Who serials in which they appeared. His Ice Warrior roles include Turoc from The Ice Warriors, an unnamed Ice Warrior in The Seeds of Death, Ssorg in The Curse of Peladon and Sskel in The Monster of Peladon. He also appeared as Kemel in The Evil of the Daleks. Other television roles include Abdullah on Sexton Blake and the mulatto on The Return of Sherlock Holmes (episode "Wisteria Lodge").. He played Surinder's father in Season 1 Episode 3 of Mind Your Lanauge.

Caldinez died in the UK on 12 April 2022.

The Ice Warriors
The Ice Warriors is the partly missing third serial of the fifth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in six weekly parts from 11 November to 16 December 1967.

In this serial, the Second Doctor (Patrick Troughton), Jamie McCrimmon (Frazer Hines) and Victoria Waterfield (Deborah Watling) arrive on Earth during a new ice age. After making its way into a base led by a man called Clent (Peter Barkworth), the crew discovers a humanoid being in the ice that plots to revive its race and take over the planet. This serial marked the debut of the Ice Warriors.

It was the third incomplete Doctor Who serial to be released with full-length animated reconstructions of its two missing episodes.
Stirling Colgate
Stirling Auchincloss Colgate (/ˈkoʊlɡeɪt/; November 14, 1925 – December 1, 2013) was an American nuclear physicist at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and a professor emeritus of physics at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology from 1965 to 1974, of which he also served its president.

A scion of the Colgate toothpaste family, he was America's premier diagnostics scientist on thermonuclear weapons during the early years at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, and later in Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). While much of his involvement with physics is still highly classified, he made many contributions in the open literature including physics education and astrophysics, specifically studying plasma physics.

Colgate (toothpaste)
Colgate is an American multinational brand principally used for oral hygiene products such as toothpastes, toothbrushes, mouthwashes and dental floss. Manufactured by Colgate-Palmolive, Colgate's oral hygiene products were first sold by the company in 1873, sixteen years after the death of the founder, William Colgate. The company originally sold soap.