hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS General Greene
Two ships in the United States Navy have been named USS General Greene for Nathanael Greene.

USRC General Green was a revenue cutter built in 1791

USS General Greene (1799) was a frigate built in 1799 and participated in the Quasi-War with France

Other ships are similarly named for Nathanael Greene:

USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636), a James Madison-class fleet ballistic missile submarine

USAV MG Nathanael Greene (LT-801), a United States Army tugboat

MGen. Nathanael Greene-class tugboat
The MGen. Nathanael Greene-class large coastal tugs are powered watercraft in the United States Army. They are a class of large tugs built for US Army service, primarily intended to assist in docking of transports.
Bonifaci Ferrer
Boniface Ferrer (1350–1417) was a Carthusian monk, brother of Saint Vincent Ferrer, and translator of the first Bible into Valencian Catalan (Valencian Bible 1488).

His translation was the first translation into a Romance language (Catalan) since Peter Waldo's translation into Provençal.

In 1412, Boniface was prior of the monastery of Portaceli. He and his brother Vincent were named as two of the three delegates from the Kingdom of Valencia sent to Caspe to decide the question of a successor to Martin of Aragon, who had died without legitimate issue. There they met with the delegates from the Kingdom of Aragon and the Principality of Catalonia. Both brothers voted for Ferdinand of Castile, who was proclaimed King of Aragon on June 28.

Peter Waldo
Peter Waldo (/ˈwɔːldoʊ, ˈwɒl-/; also Valdo, Valdes, Waldes; French: Pierre Vaudès, de Vaux; Latin: Petrus Waldus, Valdus; c. 1140 – c. 1205) was the leader of the Waldensians, a Bible Believing movement of the Middle Ages.

The tradition that his first name was "Peter" can only be traced back to the fourteenth century. This has caused some historians, such as Jana Schulman, to see it as likely a later invention. He is considered a Proto-Protestant.
Saryshaghan
Saryshaghan (Kazakh: Сарышаған, Saryşağan) is a town in Kazakhstan located on the coast of Lake Balkhash at Latitude (DMS): 46° 7' 9 N Longitude (DMS): 73° 37' 9 E in Karaganda Region. Its population is estimated at 11,000 inhabitants.

Sary Shagan is a site of the major anti-ballistic missile defense test range in the Soviet Union. The first non-nuclear interception of a ballistic missile warhead by a missile was accomplished there on 4 March 1961.

Karaganda Region
Karaganda Region is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Karaganda. The region borders Akmola and Pavlodar Region to the north; Abai Region to the east; Jetisu, Almaty, and Zhambyl Regions to the south; and Kostanay and Ulytau regions to the west.

In 2022, the western parts of this region was split off and became the Ulytau Region.
Struell Wells
Struell Wells (Irish: Toibreacha an tSruthail; Ulster-Scots: Struell Waals) are a set of four holy wells in the townland of Struell, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Downpatrick, County Down, Northern Ireland (grid ref: J513442). The wells date from before the time of Saint Patrick, and even today are used for people seeking cures. On Mid-Summer Eve (Saint John's Eve) and the Friday before Lammas, hundreds of pilgrims used to visit Struell. The earliest written reference to the wells is in 1306 when a chapel was recorded on the site, but none of the surviving buildings is earlier than about 1600. Pilgrimages to the site are well documented from the 16th century to the 19th century. The site is managed by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency.

Lammas
Lammas (from Old English hlāfmæsse, "loaf-mass"), also known as Loaf Mass Day, is a Christian holiday celebrated in some English-speaking countries on 1 August. The name originates from the word "loaf" in reference to bread and "Mass" in reference to the Eucharist. It is a festival in the liturgical calendar to mark the blessing of the First Fruits of harvest, with a loaf of bread being brought to the church for this purpose. Lammastide falls at the halfway point between the summer solstice and the autumn equinox. Christians also have church processions to bakeries, where those working therein are blessed by Christian clergy.

While Lammas is traditionally a Christian holy day, some neopagans have adopted the name and date for one of their harvest festivals in their Wheel of the Year. It is also the same date as the Gaelic harvest festival Lughnasadh.
Sylvie and Bruno
Sylvie and Bruno, first published in 1889, and its second volume Sylvie and Bruno Concluded published in 1893, form the last novel by Lewis Carroll published during his lifetime. Both volumes were illustrated by Harry Furniss.

The novel has two main plots: one set in the real world at the time the book was published (the Victorian era), the other in the fantasy world of Fairyland. While the latter plot is a fairy tale with many nonsense elements and poems, similar to Carroll's Alice books, the story set in Victorian Britain is a social novel, with its characters discussing various concepts and aspects of religion, society, philosophy and morality.

Nonsense
Nonsense is a form of communication, via speech, writing, or any other formal logic system, that lacks any coherent meaning. In ordinary usage, nonsense is sometimes synonymous with absurdity or the ridiculous. Many poets, novelists and songwriters have used nonsense in their works, often creating entire works using it for reasons ranging from pure comic amusement or satire, to illustrating a point about language or reasoning. In the philosophy of language and philosophy of science, nonsense is distinguished from sense or meaningfulness, and attempts have been made to come up with a coherent and consistent method of distinguishing sense from nonsense. It is also an important field of study in cryptography regarding separating a signal from noise.
Palaszczuk shadow ministry
The shadow ministry of Annastatcia Palaszczuk was the Labor opposition between March 2012 and February 2015, opposing the Newman government in the Parliament of Queensland. It was led by Annastacia Palaszczuk following her election as leader of the party and Opposition Leader on 28 March 2012. Tim Mulherin was the deputy party leader and Deputy Leader of the Opposition.

Following Labor's disastrous result at the 2012 state election,  deputy party leader Leader Andrew Fraser lost his seat and Anna Bligh resigning as party leader. The Palaszczuk shadow ministry then succeeded the Bligh ministry as the Labor Party frontbench. Following Labor's victory at the 2015 state election, the shadow ministry transitioned into the First Palaszczuk ministry. The Springborg shadow ministry then succeeded the Palaszczuk shadow ministry as the new shadow cabinet of Queensland.

Andrew Fraser (Queensland politician)
Andrew Peter Fraser (born 15 September 1976) is Chancellor of Griffith University, and was formerly an Australian Labor politician. He was first elected into the Legislative Assembly of Queensland on 7 February 2004. He was the Deputy Premier of Queensland, Treasurer and Minister for State Development and Trade of the Queensland Government.
On 24 March 2012, Andrew Fraser lost his seat to the LNP candidate Saxon Rice.
2018 Pan American Surf Games
The 2018 Pan American Surf Games, also referred to as PASA Games 2018 and officially named 2018 Pan American Claro Games for sponsorship reasons, was the fourteenth edition of the Pan American Surf Games the main competition organized by the Pan American Surf Association. It was held at Punta Rocas Beach in Punta Negra District, Lima, Peru from 2 to 8 December 2018.

270 athletes from 20 national teams competes in 8 surfing events; comprising Open (shortboard), Longboard, SUP surf and SUP race each for men and women.

Defending champions Peru won the competition for the fifth time with a total of 12,502 points and 2 out of the 8 gold medals at stake. Brazil finished second with 11,953 points and 1 gold medal. Argentina (9,986 points) and Costa Rica (9,623 points and 1 gold medal) were third and fourth respectively.

Punta Negra District
Punta Negra is one of the 43 districts of the Province of Lima. It borders the district of Punta Hermosa to the north, the Province of Huarochirí to the east, the district of San Bartolo to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
RFA Wave Ruler (A390)
RFA Wave Ruler is a Wave-class fast fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) of the United Kingdom tasked with providing fuel, food, fresh water, ammunition and other supplies to Royal Navy vessels around the world.

Wave Ruler was built by Kvaerner Govan (after 1999, BAE Systems Marine) and launched in 2001. She was accepted into service in 2003 and is the second ship to bear this name in RFA service. Wave Ruler and her sister Wave Knight, were designed to replace Olna and Olwen, two 36,000-ton Ol-class fast fleet tankers which were built at Swan Hunter and Hawthorn Leslie in the 1960s.

Wave Ruler was the last tanker commissioned into the RFA until RFA Tidespring became operational in late 2017.

Swan Hunter
Swan Hunter, formerly known as Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson and originally known as C. S. Swan & Hunter, is a shipbuilding design, engineering, and management company, based in Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, England.

At its apex, the company represented the combined forces of three powerful shipbuilding families: Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson.

The company was responsible for some of the greatest ships of the early 20th century, most famously RMS Mauretania which held the Blue Riband for the fastest crossing of the Atlantic, and RMS Carpathia which rescued survivors from RMS Titanic.

In 2006 Swan Hunter ceased vessel construction on Tyneside, but continues to provide design engineering services.
Korsun (surname)
Korsun (Ukrainian: Корсун) is an East Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Korsun (born 1986), Ukrainian musician and teacher

Hanna Korsun (born 1991), Ukrainian singer known as Maruv

Nikolai Georgiyevich Korsun (1876–1958), Soviet military historian

Nikolai Nesterovich Korsun (1911–1988), Soviet army officer

Anna Korsun
Anna Korsun (Ukrainian: Анна Корсун, born 1986) is a Ukrainian singer, pianist, organist, conductor, composer and academic teacher, based in Germany. Her works have been performed at major European festivals.
Billboard Music Award for Top Duo/Group
The Billboard Music Award for Top Duo/Group was first presented in 1998 to American R&B music trio Next. British boy band One Direction held the record for most wins in the category, with three as of the 2016 BBMAs, until the 2022 edition, when South Korean group BTS earned their third win and tied for the lead.

Next (American group)
Next is an American R&B musical trio, popular during the late 1990s and early 2000s. They are best known for their Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit single "Too Close". They are also known for "Wifey", "Butta Love" and "I Still Love You", all of which still receive frequent airplay on Urban Adult Contemporary radio stations in the U.S. and internationally.
Chrysocercops pectinata
Chrysocercops pectinata is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Kelantan and Pahang, Malaysia.

The wingspan is about 4.9 mm.

The larvae feed on Dipterocarpus grandifolius and Dipterocarpus tuberculatus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
Dipterocarpus tuberculatus (Khmer khlông, Indian English gurjuntree) is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae found in Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. The tree is found in clear plains forests, at altitudes up to 800–1,000 m (2,600–3,300 ft). It grows to a height of 5–25 m (16–82 ft).

The lipids and wood are used in the Indian subcontinent. Uses in Cambodia include: using the leaves for packaging and sometimes for covering huts; the wood, resistant to bad weather, is used to make beams, boards and for the manufacture of boats; and the roots are used in traditional medicine to cure fractures. At least recently, the tree has been an important firewood source in some areas of the Cambodian province of Kompong Chhnang.
Tarek Fatah
Tarek Fatah (Punjabi: طارق فتح; [t̪aɾɪk fətah] / [fəteh] 20 November 1949 – 24 April 2023) was a Pakistani-Canadian journalist and author. He was a Punjabi born into Islam and was a vocal critic of the Pakistani religious and political establishment, and  the partition of India.

Maclean's
Maclean's is a Canadian magazine founded in 1905 which reports on Canadian issues such as politics, pop culture, trends and current events. Its founder, publisher John Bayne Maclean, established the magazine to provide a uniquely Canadian perspective on current affairs and to "entertain but also inspire its readers". Rogers Media, the magazine's publisher since 1994 (after the company acquired Maclean-Hunter Publishing), announced in September 2016 that Maclean's would become a monthly beginning January 2017, while continuing to produce a weekly issue on the Texture app. In 2019, the magazine was bought by its current publisher, St. Joseph Communications.
Herrin Peak
Herrin Peak (79°16′S 85°45′W﻿ / ﻿79.267°S 85.750°W﻿ / -79.267; -85.750) is a large snow-covered peak, 1,755 metres (5,760 ft) high, standing 6 nautical miles (11 km) south of Landmark Peak on the east side of Gowan Glacier, in the Heritage Range of Antarctica. It was named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party of 1963–64 for John M. Herrin, a helicopter crew chief with the 62nd Transportation Detachment, who assisted the party.

Gowan Glacier
Gowan Glacier is a glacier about 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) long in the Heritage Range of the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica, flowing north from the vicinity of Cunningham Peak in the Founders Escarpment to enter Minnesota Glacier just east of Welcome Nunatak. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Jimmy L. Gowan, U.S. Navy Medical Corps, officer in charge and doctor at Plateau Station in 1966.
Woodchurch, Merseyside
Woodchurch is a settlement on the Wirral Peninsula, in Merseyside, England. Administratively, Woodchurch is within the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, its parliamentary constituency is Wirral West, and its local council ward is Upton. At the 2001 Census, it had a population of 8,400 (3,840 males, 4,560 females). 
Woodchurch is dominated by a large housing development, known as the Woodchurch Estate. The district is served by several schools and has the major Arrowe Park Hospital just outside its boundary, which was built on 15 acres (61,000 m2) of the park itself and opened in 1982.

Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
The Metropolitan Borough of Wirral is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, in North West England. It has a population of 328,873 (2024), and encompasses 62 square miles (161 km2) of the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula. Major settlements include Birkenhead, Wallasey, Bebington, Heswall, Hoylake and West Kirby. It is one of the six boroughs of the Liverpool City Region, a combined authority area with a population of more than 1.5 million.

Wirral is England's westernmost metropolitan borough, faced by the City of Liverpool to the northeast over the River Mersey.
Adonios Fokaidis
Antonios Fokaidis (born 29 August 1989) is a Greek swimmer. He participates in the open water events.

He won the silver medal in the Team event at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona alongside his team mates Spyridon Gianniotis and Kalliopi Araouzou. With the same team he had earlier won the gold medal at the 2010 European Open Water Championships in Balatonfüred.

European Open Water Swimming Championships
The European Open Water Swimming Championships are an event organized by LEN (Ligue Européenne de Natation), dedicated to open water swimming competitions. The event was held biennially from 1989 to 1993; since 1995 the open water swimming has been included in the program of the European Swimming Championships.
1989 Metro Manila Film Festival
The 15th Metro Manila Film Festival was held in 1989.

Vilma Santos and Christopher de Leon received top honors winning the Best Actress and Best Actor trophies in the 1989 Metro Manila Film Festival. Their movie on VIVA Films entitled Imortal wins the Best Picture award and eight more including Best Director for multi-awarded Eddie Garcia among others.

Seiko Films' Ang Bukas ay Akin won three awards while the Best Child Performer award went to Atong Redillas for the movie, Ang Mahiwagang Daigdig ni Elias Paniki.

Vilma Santos
Rosa Vilma Tuazon Santos (born November 3, 1953) is a Filipino actress and politician. Known for her versatile work on screen, she began her career as a child actress in the 1960s and was one of the biggest box-office draw from the 1970s to early 1980s. Her accolades include a Dhaka International Film Festival Award, thirteen FAMAS Awards, eleven Gawad Urian, and five Luna Awards. She served as the Mayor of Lipa from 1998 to 2007, then as Governor of Batangas in 23rd and 25th congress. She also served as the representative for Batangas' 6th district from 2016 to 2022, and as the House Deputy Speaker from 2019 to 2022.
Crescenzago
Crescenzago (Lombard: Crescenzagh [kreʃẽˈsaːk], historically Carscenzagh) is a district (quartiere) of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 2 administrative division, north-east of the city centre. It became part of Milan in 1923; prior to that, it was an independent borgo (town). The town is traversed by the Naviglio Martesana canal. The district houses several historical buildings, most notably a 12th Century abbey and several villas from the 18th Century. It also has notable green areas, such as part of the Lambro park, as well as industrial archeological features, most notably the abandoned Ovomaltina factory.

The Milan Metro subway (Line 2) stops at Crescenzago.

Milan Metro
The Milan Metro (Italian: Metropolitana di Milano) is the rapid transit system serving Milan, Italy, operated by Azienda Trasporti Milanesi. The network consists of five lines with a total network length of 111.8 kilometres (69.5 mi), and a total of 125 stations (+2 in construction), mostly underground. It has a daily ridership of about 1.4 million on weekdays. The Milan Metro is the largest rapid transit system in Italy in terms of length, number of stations and ridership; and the fifth longest in the European Union and the eighth in Europe.

The first line, Line 1, opened in 1964; Line 2 opened 5 years later in 1969, Line 3 in 1990, Line 5 (driverless) in 2013, and Line 4 (driverless) in 2022. There are also several extensions planned and under construction. The architectural project of the Milan Metro, created by Franco Albini and Franca Helg, and the signs, designed by Bob Noorda, received the Compasso d'Oro award in 1964.
European Film Award for Best Production Designer
European Film Award for Best Production Designer is an award category in the European Film Awards. The category was first presented in 1990 being award to both art directors and costume designers. At the 1st European Film Awards in 1988, two art directors were nominated Special Aspect Award with Georgi Aleksi-Meskhishvili, Niko Sanukeli and Schota Gogolaschwili winning the award for Ashik Kerib.

Though the category was not presented from 2006 to 2009, four production designers received nominations for special awards with Pierre Pell and Stéphane Rozenbaum winning the Award for an Artistic Contribution for The Science of Sleep in 2006 and Uli Hanisch receiving the Prix d'Excellence for Perfume: The Story of a Murderer in 2007. A set of nominees was presented in 2005 and from 2010 to 2012, since 2013 only a winner is presented without nominees.

Ashik Kerib (film)
Ashik Kerib (Georgian: აშიკ-ქერიბი, literally "strange ashik"), sometimes known internationally as The Lovelorn Minstrel, is a 1988 Soviet art film directed by Dodo Abashidze and Sergei Parajanov that is based on the short story of the same name by Mikhail Lermontov. It was Parajanov's last completed film and was dedicated to his close friend Andrei Tarkovsky, who had died two years previously. The film also features a detailed portrayal of Azerbaijani culture.
Shya Chitaley
Shyamala "Shya" Chitaley (15 February 1918 – 31 March 2013) was an Indian American Paleobotanist who had a nearly 60-year career of teaching and research in both the United States and India. She was the founder and first curator of the paleobotany department at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, winner of the 2010 Botanical Society of America Award for Contributions to Paleobotany, and author of approximately 150 publications.

Botanical Society of America
The Botanical Society of America (BSA) represents professional and amateur botanists, researchers, educators and students in over 80 countries of the world. It functions as a United States nonprofit 501(c)(3)  membership society.
Evolution of languages
The evolution of languages or history of language includes the evolution, divergence and development of languages throughout time, as reconstructed based on glottochronology, comparative linguistics, written records and other historical linguistics techniques. The origin of language is a hotly contested topic, with some languages tentatively traced back to the Paleolithic. However, archaeological and written records only extend the history of language into ancient times and the Neolithic.

The distribution of languages has changed substantially over time. Major regional languages like Elamite, Sogdian, Koine Greek, or Nahuatl in ancient, post-classical and early modern times have been overtaken by others due to changing balance of power, conflict and migration. The relative status of languages has also changed, as with the decline in prominence of French and German relative to English in the late 20th century.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.
1992–93 Liga Artzit
The 1992–93 Liga Artzit season saw Maccabi Herzliya, Ironi Ashdod and Hapoel Kfar Saba promoted to Liga Leumit, the former two for the first time in their histories. Hapoel Ramat Gan and Maccabi Sha'arayim were relegated to Liga Alef. Maccabi Jaffa, who finished fourth, missed out on promotion after losing a play-off with top flight club Hapoel Petah Tikva.

Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C.
Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל הפועל כפר סבא, Moadon Kaduregel Hapoel Kfar Saba) is an Israeli football club based in Kfar Saba. The club competes in the Liga Leumit and plays home matches at Levita Stadium.