hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reconciliation ecology
Reconciliation ecology is the branch of ecology which studies ways to encourage biodiversity in the human-dominated ecosystems of the anthropocene era. Michael Rosenzweig first articulated the concept in his book Win-Win Ecology, based on the theory that there is not enough area for all of earth's biodiversity to be saved within designated nature preserves. Therefore, humans should increase biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes. By managing for biodiversity in ways that do not decrease human utility of the system, it is a "win-win" situation for both human use and native biodiversity. The science is based in the ecological foundation of human land-use trends and species-area relationships. It has many benefits beyond protection of biodiversity, and there are numerous examples of it around the globe. Aspects of reconciliation ecology can already be found in management legislation, but there are challenges in both public acceptance and ecological success of reconciliation attempts.

Win–win game
In game theory, a win–win game or win–win scenario is a situation that produces a mutually beneficial outcome for two or more parties. It is also called a positive-sum game as it is the opposite of a zero-sum game. If a win–win scenario is not achieved, the scenario becomes a lose–lose situation by default, since it had caused failure for at least one of the parties.
While she did not coin the term, Mary Parker Follett's process of integration described in her book Creative Experience (Longmans, Green & Co., 1924) forms the basis of what we now refer to as the idea of "win-win" conflict resolution. An example of a win-win scenario is trade, since both parties end up with a good or service they value more, making both participants better off.
Ouirgane
Ouirgane is a small town and rural commune in Al Haouz Province of the Marrakesh-Tensift-El Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6916 people living in 1281 households. It is a Berber village.

Al Haouz Province
Al Haouz (Arabic: إقليم الحوز) is a province in the Moroccan economic region of Marrakesh-Safi. Its population in 2024 was 642,171.

The major cities and towns are:

Ait Ourir

Amizmiz

Ghmate

Lalla Takarkoust

My Brahim

Sidi Abdallah Ghiat

Tahannaout

Tameslouht

In September 2023 the province was the epicenter (31.073°N 8.407°W) of a violent magnitude 6.9 earthquake which upon first reports left over 2,800 people dead and more than 3,000 others injured.
Bertha Coombs
Bertha Coombs (born December 28, 1961) is a reporter for CNBC, based at the Nasdaq MarketSite in Times Square. She covers business and financial news stories.

Coombs attended The Park School in Brookline, Massachusetts, Milton Academy in Milton, Massachusetts, and Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

Prior to joining CNBC, she worked at ABC News as a reporter and news anchor, covering such stories as the Clinton impeachment, the Kosovo War, Hurricane Floyd, Rudy Giuliani's troubled marriage, and the John F. Kennedy, Jr. plane crash.

She was Milton Academy's graduation speaker in 2005. Coombs has served on the board of the National Association of Hispanic Journalists.

Milton, Massachusetts
Milton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States and an immediate southern suburb of Boston. The population was 28,630 at the 2020 census.

Milton is located in the relatively hilly area between the Neponset River and Blue Hills, bounded by Brush Hill to the west, Milton Hill to the east, Blue Hills to the south and the Neponset River to the north. It is also bordered by Boston's Dorchester and Mattapan district to the north and its Hyde Park district to the west, with the neighboring Massachusetts city of Quincy to the east and the towns of Randolph to the south, and Canton to the west.
Çortak
Çortak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 179 (2022). It is situated  in the Taurus Mountains to the east of the Turkish state highway D.715. The distance to Mut is 25 kilometres (16 mi) and to Mersin is 140 kilometres (87 mi).

Mersin
Mersin (pronounced [ˈmæɾsin]) is a large city and port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates, each having its own municipality: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir.

A larger metropolitan region which combines Mersin with Tarsus and Erdemli houses more than 1.7 million inhabitants. Çukurova International Airport (COV) situated 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Mersin city centre, is its closest international airport. There are ferry services from Mersin to Famagusta (Mağusa) in Northern Cyprus. Mersin is linked to Adana via Tarsus by way of TCDD trains.
Saintseneca
Saintseneca is an American folk rock band from Columbus, Ohio, that was formed in 2007 by singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Zac Little. The current band is made of Zac Little, Caeleigh Featherstone, Jessi Bream, and Andy Cook. They are known for their diverse range of instrumentation in both their recordings, as well as in their live performances. The band have released three EPs and five albums Last (2011), Dark Arc (2014), Such Things (2015), Pillar of Na (2018), and Highwalllow & Supermoon Songs (2025). The band utilizes a wide range of acoustic instrumentation (balalaika, mandolin, dulcimer, bağlama, floor percussion) with more contemporary elements such as synthesizers and electric guitars.

Bağlama
The bağlama or saz is a family of plucked string instruments and long-necked lutes used in Asia, Central-Asia, Caucasus, Anatolia, Levant, Thrace, Balkans and Europe. It is commonly used in Iranian, Armenian, Azerbaijani and Turkish Folk Music. It is a common instrument among Turkic people and a notable instrument of traditional folk artists like ashiks and ozans. It is both used as a solo instrument to play songs and to accompany türkü, traditional folk songs.
Kimen
Kimen (The Seed) is a Norwegian film from 1974 directed by Erik Solbakken. It starred Kjell Stormoen, Svein Sturla Hungnes, Ragnhild Michelsen, Helle Ottesen, Helge Jordal, and Ragnhild Hilt. The film was based on the 1940 novel of the same name by Tarjei Vesaas.

Helge Jordal
Helge Jordal (born February 17, 1946) is a Norwegian actor. He was appointed a Knight of the Royal Order of St. Olav in 2006 for his long career as an actor both on screen and on stage, and for his position as a "grand old man" among Norwegian actors.
Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast
The Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast is an ongoing military occupation that began on 24 February 2022, after Russian forces invaded Ukraine and began capturing and occupying parts of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. Russian forces failed to capture the capital city of the oblast, Kharkiv. However, other major cities including Izium, Kupiansk, and Balakliia were captured by Russian forces. Since November 2022, Russia only occupies a small portion of land in the Kharkiv Oblast.

In early September 2022, Ukraine began a major counteroffensive, regaining several settlements in the region and ending numerous Russian military or military-civilian administrations.

Vovchansk
Vovchansk (Ukrainian: Вовчанськ, pronounced [wou̯ˈtʃɑnʲsʲk]; Russian: Волчанск, romanized: Volchansk) is a city in Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Vovchansk urban hromada. The Vovcha river, a tributary of the Donets river, runs through the city. It is located in the historic region of Sloboda Ukraine.

Vovchansk had a population of 17,459 (2022 estimate). However, that dropped to about 300 by May 2024, as the city was largely destroyed during the Russo-Ukrainian War's 2024 Kharkiv offensive. As of 2025 there are no inhabitants in the city.

As of 28 December 2025, Vovchansk is largely destroyed, with Russian forces trying to fully consolidate their positions in the city as a part of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Bamboo cannon
A bamboo cannon (Malay: مريام بولوه, romanized: meriam buluh; Tagalog: lantakang kawayan; Waray: lantaka; Indonesian: meriam bambu; Sundanese: lodong; Betawi: bleguran; Javanese: mercon bumbung) is a type of home-made firecracker which is popular during the Eid season in Malaysia and Indonesia, as well as during New Year's Eve celebrations in the Philippines.

Waray language
Waray (also known as Waray-Waray or Bisayâ/Binisayâ and Winaray/Waray, Spanish: idioma samareño meaning Samar language) is an Austronesian language and the fifth-most-spoken native regional language of the Philippines, native to Eastern Visayas. It is the native language of the Waray people and second language of the Abaknon people of Capul, Northern Samar, and some Cebuano-speaking peoples of western and southern parts of Leyte island. It is the third most spoken language among the Bisayan languages, only behind Cebuano and Hiligaynon.
Frank Knox (cricketer)
Frank Pery Knox DSO (23 January 1880 – 1 February 1960) was an English first-class cricketer active 1899–1902 who played for Surrey.

He was born in Clapham, the fifth son of Sir Ralph Henry Knox, a civil servant and former cricketer, and Georgina Augusta Chance. Neville Knox was his younger brother. He was educated at Dulwich College and Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and died in Hove.

During World War I, he was an officer in the Army Service Corps; along with many other officers he was awarded the DSO in the 1918 Birthday Honours "for services rendered in connection with Military Operations in France and Flanders."

Hove
Hove (/hoʊv/ HOHV) is a seaside town in East Sussex, England. Alongside Brighton, it is one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove.

Originally a fishing village surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th century in response to the development of its eastern neighbour Brighton; by the Victorian era it was a fully developed town with borough status. Neighbouring parishes such as Aldrington and Hangleton were annexed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The neighbouring urban district of Portslade was merged with Hove in 1974. In 1997, as part of local government reform, the borough merged with Brighton to form the Borough of Brighton and Hove; this unitary authority was granted city status in 2000.
Caninus Nunatak
Caninus Nunatak (71°6′S 70°10′W﻿ / ﻿71.100°S 70.167°W﻿ / -71.100; -70.167) is a nunatak, about 700 metres (2,300 ft) high, located east of Palindrome Buttress and the northern part of the Walton Mountains, Alexander Island. In the 1974–75 field season, the British Antarctic Survey reduced its number of dog teams. The name derives from the burial of nine dogs near the nunatak, "caninus" being a Latin word (from "canis") meaning relating to dogs. Caninus Nunatak seems to have some relation with nearby nunataks named after certain sled dog teams, some of these include Admirals Nunatak and Huns Nunatak.

Canis
Canis is a genus of the Caninae which includes multiple extant species, such as wolves, dogs, coyotes, and golden jackals. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dentition, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails.
HC Kryzhynka Kyiv
HK Kryzhynka Kyiv (Ukrainian: ХК Крижинка Київ) was an ice hockey team in Kyiv, Ukraine. The team played in the Ukrainian Hockey League, the top level of Ukrainian ice hockey.

They were founded in 1991. Name changes

from 1991 to 1999: Kryzhynka Kyiv

from 1999 to 1999: Irbis Kyiv

Ukrainian Hockey League
The Ukrainian Hockey League was the name of the highest ice hockey league in Ukraine since the 2016–17 season, playing for the Ukrainian Hockey Championship. The league was created in June 2016 and folded in 2021.
Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1204 – 9 June 1252), a member of the House of Welf, was the first duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1235 until his death. He is called Otto the Child to distinguish him from his uncle, Emperor Otto IV.

Lüneburg
Lüneburg, officially the Hanseatic City of Lüneburg and also known in English as Lunenburg, is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of another Hanseatic city, Hamburg, and belongs to that city's wider metropolitan region. The capital of the district which bears its name, it is home to roughly 77,000 people. Lüneburg's urban area, which includes the surrounding communities of Adendorf, Bardowick, Barendorf and Reppenstedt, has a population of around 103,000. Lüneburg has been allowed to use the title Hansestadt ('Hanseatic Town') in its name since 2007, in recognition of its membership in the former Hanseatic League. Lüneburg is also home to Leuphana University.
2021 Batley and Spen by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Batley and Spen was held on 1 July 2021, following the resignation of incumbent Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) Tracy Brabin after being elected Mayor of West Yorkshire. Kim Leadbeater—the sister of former Batley and Spen MP Jo Cox who was assassinated in 2016—narrowly held the seat for the Labour Party with a reduced majority of 323 votes.

River Spen
The River Spen or Spen Beck, in West Yorkshire, England is a tributary of the River Calder. It rises north of Cleckheaton, runs through Liversedge and flows into the Calder to the south of Dewsbury at Ravensthorpe. The average rainfall for the river valley of between 600–1000mm per annum when combined with the steep narrow river channel, makes the Spen susceptible to regular flooding. It is referred to in the name of the local parliamentary constituency, Spen Valley.
Melnaattu Marumagal
Melnaattu Marumagal (transl. Western Daughter-in-law) is a 1975 Indian Tamil-language film directed by A. P. Nagarajan, starring Sivakumar, Laurance Pourtale, Kamal Haasan and Jayasudha. Vani Ganapathy, a danseuse appeared only for a dance sequence alongside Haasan, whom she later married in 1978. The film was released on 10 May 1975. In 1976, it was remade in Telugu as America Ammayi.

Jayasudha
Jayasudha Kapoor (born Sujatha Nidudavolu), known mononymously as Jayasudha is an Indian actress and politician known for her works predominantly in Telugu cinema. She has also worked in some Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, and Hindi films. Known as a natural actress, in a career spanning over 5 decades she has received nine state Nandi Awards for her acting in works such as  Jyothi (1976), Idi Katha Kaadu (1979), Premabhishekam (1981), Meghasandesam (1982), and Dharmaatmudu (1983).

She has garnered five Filmfare Awards South, for her performances in Jyothi (1976), Aame Katha (1977), Gruha Pravesam (1982), Amma Nanna O Tamila Ammayi (2004), and Kotha Bangaru Lokam (2008). She received the ANR National Award (2008) and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award - South (2010) for her contributions to Indian cinema. Jayasudha served as Member of Legislative Assembly, from Secunderabad constituency during 2009–2014 in the erstwhile combined Government of Andhra Pradesh.
William Stroudley
William Stroudley (6 March 1833 – 20 December 1889) was an English railway engineer, and was one of the most famous steam locomotive engineers of the nineteenth century, working principally for the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR). He designed some of the most famous and longest-lived steam locomotives of his era, several of which have been preserved.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945
Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 is a 2005 non-fiction book written by British historian Tony Judt examining the six decades of European history from the end of World War II in Europe in 1945 to 2005. Postwar is widely considered one of the foremost accounts of contemporary European history, particularly with regard to the history of Eastern Europe.  It has been translated into French, Spanish and German.

Although it was published in 2005, Postwar had been in development since 1989.

Remarque Institute
The Remarque Institute is an institute at New York University which focuses its research on contemporary Europe. It was founded in 1995 by Professor Tony R. Judt and is named after the German writer Erich Maria Remarque, whose widow, Paulette Goddard, made a major donation to NYU. Its aims are "to support and promote the study and debate on Europe, and to encourage and facilitate communication between Americans and Europeans". Its current director is Stefanos Geroulanos.
San Juan Valley
San Juan Valley, sometimes called San Benito Valley formerly Canada de San Benito or Llano De San Juan: 290, 307  is a valley that has its head near the Gabilan Range. Bounded on the north by the Lomerias Muertas and the Flint Hills and south and east by the Gabilan Range, and the gap between the Gabilan Range and Flint Hills where the San Benito River enters the valley from the east.  It terminated where the San Benito River has its confluence the Pajaro River, about 15 miles (24 km) upstream from the river's outlet in Monterey Bay. It is the lowest part of the watershed of the San Benito River and can be considered part of the San Benito Valley.

Named for the Mission San Juan Bautista which was established in this valley.

Monterey Bay
Monterey Bay is a bay of the Pacific Ocean located on the coast of the U.S. state of California, south of the San Francisco Bay Area. San Francisco itself is farther north along the coast, by about 75 miles (120 km), accessible via CA 1 and US 101.

Santa Cruz is located at the north end of the bay, and Monterey is on the Monterey Peninsula at the south end. The "Monterey Bay Area" is a regional term used to describe the Monterey Bay-adjacent Central Coast communities of Santa Cruz, Monterey, and San Benito counties. The three counties, along with Monterey Bay-adjacent cities, collaborate in the Association of Monterey Bay Governments (AMBAG) on regional issues and come together for events like the State of the Region hosted by the Monterey Bay Economic Partnership.
Vladislav Vorotnikov
Vladislav Vladimirovich Vorotnikov (Russian: Владислав Владимирович Воротников born on August 17, 1947, in Leningrad) is a Soviet and Russian chess player (grandmaster in 2005).

As part of the Leningrad team, he participated in 3 USSR championships between the teams of the union republics (1975, 1979 and 1981) in which he won a bronze medal in the team (1975) and a silver medal in the individual standings (1979, played on the reserve board).

He was a participant of several championships in Leningrad (in 1979) and Moscow (in 1996 - shared 1st place with Alexander Lastin and Yuri Balashov); international tournaments in Leipzig and Turku (in 1979 - 1st); Leipzig (in 1982) and Kislovodsk (1st place).

He was the quarterfinalist of the European Chess Clubs Cup (1991/1992) as part of Tigran Petrosian's club.

European Chess Club Cup
The European Chess Club Cup is an annual chess tournament for club teams from Europe. It is organised by the European Chess Union. The competition is held with the Swiss system over seven rounds. It consists of two sections, open and women's, with each team fielding six and four players respectively at every match.

39th European Chess Club Cup for Men and 28th European Club Cup for Women was held in 2024.
Konvansyon Inite Demokratik
Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) (English: Convention for a Democratic Unity) (French: Convention (de l') Unité Démocratique) is a populist political party in Haiti which originated in 1986 as a political pressure group, and which was formally made into a political party in 1995. The party has also been referred to as the Komite Inite Demokratik (Confederation of Democratic Unity) and the Konfederasyon Inite Demokratik (Democratic United/Unity Committee). After the 2015-16 elections, KID emerged with 2 seats in the Senate and 7 in the Chamber of Deputies.

One of the party's founding members, Evans Paul, served as Prime Minister under President Michel Martelly and interim president Jocelerme Privert between January 16, 2015 and February 26, 2016.

In 2015, KID was accused by the Conseil Électoral Provisoire (CEP), Haiti's main election body, of election-day disruptions in the Artibonite department.

Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)
The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés; Haitian Creole: Chanm Depite) is the lower house of Haiti's bicameral legislature, the Haitian Parliament. The upper house of the Haitian Parliament is the Senate of Haiti. The Chamber has 119 members (previously 99) who are elected by popular vote to four-year terms. There are no term limits for Deputies; they may be re-elected indefinitely.

In March 2015 a new electoral decree stated that the new Chamber of Deputies have 118 members, and the Senate will retain the 30 members. On 13 March, President Michel Martelly issued a decree that split the Cerca La Source into two constituencies, and therefore increasing the number of deputies up to 119.
2007 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Julian Knowle and Jürgen Melzer were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.

Jordan Kerr and David Škoch won in the final 7–6(7–4), 1–6, [10–4], against Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach.

Jordan Kerr
Jordan Kerr (born 26 October 1979, in Adelaide) is a retired Australian professional tennis player.

Kerr reached a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 356, which he achieved on 7 August 2000. Additionally, he reached a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 23, achieved on 18 August 2008.

Kerr represented Australia in the men's doubles at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, losing in the opening round to the eventual silver medallists from Sweden.

Kerr was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.
Walkom
Walkom is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Bache Walkom (1889–1976), Australian palaeobotanist and museum director

Stephen Walkom (born 1963), Canadian ice hockey referee

Thomas Walkom (born 1950), Canadian journalist

Thomas Walkom
Thomas Walkom is national affairs columnist for the Toronto Star.

Previously, he was the Star's Queen's Park columnist covering Ontario politics for eight years, including the governments of Premiers Bob Rae and Mike Harris. Walkom wrote a book, Rae Days: the rise and follies of the NDP about the Rae government.

His full name is Thomas Lawrence Walkom, and he was born in 1950. In the 1980s, Walkom was a parliamentary reporter for The Globe and Mail based in Ottawa and then served as the newspaper's bureau chief in Tokyo.  
He has won two National Newspaper Awards for foreign reporting and column writing. During the Russo-Ukraine War, Walkom published a number of articles which were critical of Canada's support for Ukraine.