hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leucine–tRNA ligase
In enzymology, a leucine–tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + L-leucine + tRNALeu  AMP + diphosphate + L-leucyl-tRNALeu

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-leucine, and tRNALeu, whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-leucyl-tRNALeu.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, to be specific those forming carbon–oxygen bonds in aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-leucine:tRNALeu ligase (AMP-forming). Other names in common use include leucyl-tRNA synthetase, leucyl-transfer ribonucleate synthetase, leucyl-transfer RNA synthetase, leucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase, leucine-tRNA synthetase, and leucine translase.  This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.

Ligase
In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.

In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:

A-OH + B-H → A–B + H2O
Emerald Triangle
The Emerald Triangle is a region in Northern California that derives its name from being the largest cannabis-producing region in the United States. The region includes three counties in an upside-down triangular configuration:

Humboldt County, on the coast

Trinity County, inland

Mendocino County, to the south

Growers have been cultivating Cannabis plants in this region since the 1960s, during San Francisco's Summer of Love. Growing cannabis in the Emerald Triangle is considered a way of life, and the locals believe that everyone living in this region is either directly or indirectly reliant on the cannabis industry. The industry exploded in the region with the passage of California Proposition 215 (1996), which legalized the use of cannabis for medicinal purposes in California. The passage of Proposition 64 in 2016 legalized the general sale and distribution of cannabis.

Trinity County, California
Trinity County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of California. Trinity County is rugged, mountainous, heavily forested, and lies along the Trinity River (for which it is named) within the Salmon, Klamath Mountains, as well as a portion of the Scott, Trinity, and North Yolla Bolly Mountains. It is also one of three counties in California with no incorporated cities (the other two counties in California with that distinction are Alpine and Mariposa counties).

As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,112, making it the fifth least-populous county in California, and the least-populous of California's 27 original counties. The county seat and largest community is Weaverville.
SS Tobruk
Tobruk was a 7,090 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1941 as Empire Builder by William Gray & Company Ltd for the  Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). On completion she was handed over to the Polish government-in-exile (along with four others; Narwik, Bałtyk, Białystok and Borysław, which in 1950 was renamed to Bytom) and renamed Tobruk. She was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War. She was sold in 1951 to Polskie Linie Oceaniczne and served until 1967. She was scrapped in 1968.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Saikhan-Ovoo, Dundgovi
Saikhan-Ovoo (Mongolian: Сайхан-Овоо, Beautiful ovoo) is a sum (district) in central Mongolia. The sum center is on the single perennial river of Dundgovi Province, the Ongi gol.  It is the tenth longest river in Mongolia with an overall length of 435 km.

Dundgovi Province
Dundgovi or Dundgobi (Mongolian: Дундговь, Middle Gobi) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the south of the country, approximately 245 kilometers (152 mi) south of Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Mandalgovi. Dundgovi is the second least populated province.
Penrith Australian Football Club
The Penrith Australian Football Club is an Australian rules football club based in the western Sydney suburb of Penrith, which plays its home games at Greygums Oval, Cranebrook. It competes in the Sydney AFL competition, running in season 2024 Senior and Reserve grade open-age grade men's sides (in Division Two and Division Five respectively), as well as a women's AFL team (the Ramettes) competing in the Women's Division 2 competition.

Renee Tomkins
Renee Tomkins (born 17 April 1986) is an Australian former soccer player who last played for Western Sydney Wanderers in the Australian W-League, and an Australian rules footballer who last played for Greater Western Sydney. In 2015, she juggled soccer and Australian rules football commitments, playing for Penrith Ramettes along with Marconi Stallions. She retired from soccer in 2016, concentrating on Australian rules football. Tomkins was selected in the AFL Sydney team and went on to play in their match against Adelaide at the Adelaide Oval before nominating for the inaugural AFLW national draft.
Antónia Moreira
Antónia Moreira de Fátima (born 26 April 1982 in Luanda), nicknamed Faia, is an Angolan judoka.

She competed in the +70 kg division at the 2004 Summer Olympics and lost in the round of 16 to Kim Ryon-Mi of North Korea.

Moreira also won medals at the 2004 and 2005 African Judo Championships (gold in 2004, silver in 2005) as well as bronze medals at the 2007 All-Africa Games and the 2008 African Judo Championships and a gold medal at the 2015 African Games.

At the 2012 Olympic Games, she competed in the -70 kg division, and was knocked out in the second round by eventual bronze medallist Yuri Alvear.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, she competed in the women's 70 kg division. She finished in 9th place after being defeated by Laura Vargas Koch of Germany in the second round.

Judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 70 kg
Women's 70 kg competition in judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, took place at ExCeL London.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).
Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi
Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi (IGRUA) is a public pilot training institute located at Fursatganj Airfield in Uttar Pradesh, India. Established in 1985, it is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of India.

Commercial pilot licence
A commercial pilot licence (CPL) is a type of pilot licence that permits the holder to act as a pilot of an aircraft and receive remuneration for their services

Different licenses are issued for the major aircraft categories: airplanes, airships, balloons, gliders, gyroplanes and helicopters. Depending on the jurisdiction these may all be on the same document.

A CPL will typically have no expiry date. However, a valid type rating or class rating will be required to use it, as well as a valid medical certificate. A pilot's ratings may be listed on the licence, including the types of aircraft that can be flown (single-engine or multiengine), whether flight under instrument flight rules is allowed (instrument rating), and whether instructing and examining of trainee pilots can be done (instructor or examiner rating).
Uiju Castle
Uiju Castle  is a historic structure located on the Chinese border, along the Yalu River in Uiju County, in North Pyongan Province, North Korea. A structure first built during the Ri Dynasty was designed to serve as the main border town (Uiju) in the area and was one of the most important northern defense posts during this time (the area had been fortified since the time of the Koryo dynasty). The present castle was built in 1520, it probably included parts of the old fortress. It is listed as one of the National Treasures of North Korea.

North Pyongan Province
North Pyongan Province (also spelled North P'yŏngan; Korean: 평안북도; MR: Phyŏnganbukto; IPA: [pʰjʌŋanbuk̚t͈o]) is a western province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former P'yŏng'an Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Sinŭiju. In 2002, Sinŭiju Special Administrative Region—near the city of Sinuiju—was established as a separately governed Special Administrative Region.
James Petras
James Petras (17 January 1937 – 17 January 2026) was an American sociologist and academic who was the Bartle Professor (Emeritus) of Sociology at Binghamton University in Binghamton, New York, and adjunct professor at Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He published on political issues with particular focus on Latin America and the Middle East, imperialism, globalization, and leftist social movements.

Saint Mary's University (Halifax)
Saint Mary's University (SMU) is a public university located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The school is best known for having nationally leading programs in business and chemistry. The campus is situated in Halifax's South End and covers approximately 32 hectares (79 acres).
Doreen Avio
Doreen Avio (born Doreen Akeebeh Avio on November 16, 1985, in Navrongo in the Upper East Region) is a Ghanaian entertainment writer, radio and television show host and a Master of Ceremonies who has mounted the stage of major international events. She is a campaigner against gender inequality in Ghana's creative industry, particularly in the network of Disc Jockeys (DJs)

In 2019, she was awarded the Best Achiever in Media (Radio) at the Feminine Ghana Achievers Awards and also the best TV Personality at the Nollywood Entertainment and Leadership Awards in 2019 at the United Kingdom

She was the host of the 2017 Miss Ghana Diaries, the MTN music Festival in 2018 and co-hosted Guinness' Black Shines Brightest campaign.

Gender inequality
Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism. The treatment may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society. These distinctions are foremost grounded in social constructs. While current policies around the world cause inequality among individuals, it is women who are most affected. Gender inequality weakens women in many areas such as health, education, and business life. Studies show the different experiences of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliation. Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures.
Boiled beef
Boiled beef is a historic English dish eaten by working-class people within England in Victorian England and today; it was also popular in the early 19th century in the US. Its popularity has decreased in recent years. Traditionally, cheaper cuts of meat were used; boiling makes the meat more tender than roasting. It was usually cooked with onions and served with carrots and boiled potatoes. It was not uncommon for the beef to be salted in a brine for a few days, then soaked overnight to remove excess salt before it was boiled. In other parts of England, cabbage replaced carrots.

This dish gave rise to the old Cockney song “Boiled Beef and Carrots” which used to be sung in some East London pubs when they had a pianist and singsong night.

Boiled beef is also a traditional Jewish dish served in many homes and Jewish delis. It is usually flank steak boiled and served with vegetables, broth, and sometimes matzo balls, often mislabelled as Corned beef.

Matzah ball
Matzah balls or matzo balls are Ashkenazi Jewish soup morsels made from a mixture of matzah meal, beaten eggs, water, and a fat, such as oil, margarine, or chicken fat. Known as knaidel in Yiddish (Yiddish: קניידלעך, romanized: kneydlekh pl., singular קניידל, kneydl; with numerous other transliterations), they resemble a matzah meal version of Knödel, bread dumplings popular throughout Central European and East European cuisine.

Matzah balls are traditionally served in chicken soup and are a staple food on the Jewish holiday of Passover. However, they are not eaten during Passover by those who observe a prohibition on soaking matzah products.

The texture of matzah balls may be light or dense, depending on the recipe. Matzah balls made from some recipes float in soup; others sink.
2000 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game
The 2000 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game was a postseason college football game between the Georgia Southern Eagles and the Montana Grizzlies. The game was played on December 16, 2000, at Finley Stadium, home field of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. The culminating game of the 2000 NCAA Division I-AA football season, it was won by Georgia Southern, 27–25.

Hofstra Pride football
The Hofstra Pride football (formerly the Hofstra Flying Dutchmen) program was the intercollegiate American football team for Hofstra University, located on Long Island in Hempstead, New York. Hofstra competed in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and were members of the Colonial Athletic Association. Its first football team was fielded in 1937, and the program compiled a 403–268–11 (.599) record through 2009.

The nickname changed to Pride in 2000. Following the 2009 season, the university announced the termination of the football program. Funds previously used for the football program went into the creation of the Zucker School of Medicine.
Jade (1995 film)
Jade is a 1995 American erotic thriller film written by Joe Eszterhas, produced by Robert Evans, directed by William Friedkin, and starring David Caruso, Linda Fiorentino, Chazz Palminteri, Richard Crenna, and Michael Biehn. The original music score was composed by James Horner based on a song composed by Loreena McKennitt.

Michael Biehn
Michael Connell Biehn (/ˈbiːn/ BEEN or Bean; born July 31, 1956) is an American actor, primarily known for his roles in science fiction films directed by James Cameron; as Sgt. Kyle Reese in The Terminator (1984), Cpl. Dwayne Hicks in Aliens (1986), and Lt. Hiram Coffey in The Abyss (1989). His other films include The Fan (1981), The Seventh Sign (1988), Navy SEALs (1990), Tombstone (1993), The Rock (1996), Mojave Moon (1996), Megiddo: The Omega Code 2 (2001), Clockstoppers (2002), and Planet Terror (2007). On television, he has appeared in Hill Street Blues (1984), The Magnificent Seven (1998–2000), and Adventure Inc. (2002–2003).
Ecce Homo (Andrea Solari)
Ecce Homo is a subject of a series of oil on panel paintings by Andrea Solari, dating to between 1505 and 1510. Its hands show the influence of Solari's master Leonardo da Vinci and particularly his Lady with an Ermine.

Lady with an Ermine
The Lady with an Ermine is a portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. Dated to c. 1489–1491, the work is painted in oils on a panel of walnut wood. Its subject is Cecilia Gallerani, a mistress of Ludovico Sforza ("Il Moro"), Duke of Milan; Leonardo was painter to the Sforza court in Milan at the time of its execution. It is the second of only four surviving portraits of women painted by Leonardo, the others being Ginevra de' Benci, La Belle Ferronnière and the Mona Lisa.

Lady with an Ermine is now housed at the Czartoryski Museum in Kraków, and is considered one of Poland's national treasures.
Doosan Enerbility
Doosan Enerbility Co., Ltd., (a combination of words Energy and Sustainability) formerly known as Doosan Heavy Industries, is a heavy industrial company headquartered in Changwon, South Korea.  It was established in 1962.  Its business includes manufacturing and construction of nuclear power plants, thermal power stations, turbines and generators, desalination plants, castings, and forgings.

Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.  The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.  Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold forging (a type of cold working), warm forging, or hot forging (a type of hot working). For the latter two, the metal is heated, usually in a forge. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for millennia; the traditional products were kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, edged weapons, cymbals, and jewellery.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in mechanisms and machines wherever a component requires high strength; such forgings usually require further processing (such as machining) to achieve a finished part. Today, forging is a major worldwide industry.
Montserrat Volcano Observatory
The Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) is a volcano observatory which is located on the Caribbean island of Montserrat, where the Soufrière Hills volcano (SHV) has been actively erupting since 1995.

The MVO staff describe their activities as working to reduce the impact of volcanic activity by monitoring, researching, educating, and advising.

The MVO building is situated in the village of Flemmings, near Salem in the parish of St. Peter, in the west of the island.

Salem, Montserrat
Salem is the most populous town in Montserrat, a British Overseas Territory in the West Indies, situated on the western coast of the island, in St Peter Parish.

Salem was evacuated on 16 August 1997, after the 1997 eruptions of Soufrière Hills on the island, but was resettled in October 1998.

Beatles record producer George Martin lived in Olveston House, which is in the town of Salem, and set up the renowned AIR Montserrat studios nearby on Friths Road in 1979. The studio is now in ruins, after it was destroyed by Hurricane Hugo in 1989, but Olveston House operates as a guest house.
2-in-1 laptop
A 2-in-1 laptop, also known as a convertible laptop, 2-in-1 PC, 2-in-1 tablet, laplet, tabtop, laptop tablet, or simply 2-in-1, is a portable computer that has features of both tablets and laptops.

2-in-1 PCs consist of portable computer components within light and thin chassis, and exemplify technological convergence. They are convenient for media consumption and non-intensive tasks in tablet mode yet useful for content creation in laptop mode.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
Blackwater River (Massachusetts–New Hampshire)
The Blackwater River is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) tidal inlet in northeastern Massachusetts and southeastern New Hampshire in the United States.

The river forms in a salt marsh in the northeastern corner of Salisbury, Massachusetts, by the convergence of the Little River and Dead Creek.  Heading north, the river quickly enters Seabrook, New Hampshire and continues to flow through salt marsh until it reaches Hampton Harbor, northwest of Seabrook Beach, where it joins the Hampton River.

Salisbury, Massachusetts
Salisbury is a small coastal beach town and summer tourist destination in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The community is a popular summer resort beach town situated on the Atlantic Ocean, north of Boston on the New Hampshire border. It is home to the new Salisbury Beach Boardwalk, full of souvenir shops, restaurants, cafes, arcades and panoramic views of the Atlantic Ocean. The population was 9,236 at the 2020 census. Parts of town comprise the census-designated place of Salisbury.
WYCS
WYCS (91.5 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Yorktown, Virginia, and serving the Peninsula of Hampton Roads. WYCS is part of the Oasis Network and is owned and operated by David Ingles Ministries Church Inc.

Though part of the Oasis Network since 1997, the station was built in 1966 by the York County School Division as an outlet run by students in York County's high schools. In its early years, it primarily rebroadcast WCWM at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, but it soon produced its own programming, including sports broadcasts, county board meetings, and a music format ranging from Top 40 to adult contemporary. In 1996, the school board proposed selling the license because of decreased interest by York County students and a need to fund the purchase of buses; an attempt to save the station failed to raise enough money, and the school board sold the broadcast license in 1997.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.