hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Earl (grazier)
James Earl (1835–1907) was a merchant in Far North Queensland of cartage and started cattle breeding.

He is well known for his contributions to the local area.

Butcher's Hill was historically referred to in order to describe locations, for example references to north, south etc. of Butchers Hill. This was because of the cattle station owned and run by Earl who became a butcher and the cattle station was known as Butcher's Hill. Butchers Hill could also refer to the Station. In modern times Lakeland is more commonly used and referred to as a landmark in the local area.

The Lakeland road stop is situated en-route to Cooktown from Cairns / Port Douglas / other southern locations. This road stop has various information that are in memory of James Earl.

James Earl lookout is a local tourist attraction and located nearby.

Palmer, Queensland
Palmer is a rural locality in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Palmer had a population of 46 people.

The former towns (now neighbourhoods) of Byerstown, Lukinville, Maytown, Palmerville and Stonyville (or Stony Creek), all dating from the 1870s-1880s gold rushes around the Palmer River, are within the locality.
Aso Dam
Aso Dam is a gravity dam located in Yamaguchi prefecture in Japan, used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 2.9 km2 (1.1 sq mi) and can store 1,320,000 m3 (46,615,360.1 cu ft) of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1993 and completed in 2002.

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
2023 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste – Doubles
Diego Hidalgo and Cristian Rodríguez were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Matthew Romios and Jason Taylor won the title after defeating Marco Bortolotti and Andrea Pellegrino 4–6, 7–5, [10–6] in the final.

Matthew Romios
Matthew Christopher Romios (born 29 March 1999) is an Australian tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 69 achieved on 30 June 2025 and career high singles ranking of No. 563 achieved on 23 September 2019. Romios has won 10 ATP Challenger Tour titles.
Summit Lake (Washington)
Summit Lake is a freshwater lake located in the northwest corner in the southwestern county, Thurston County. The lake is about 7.6 mi (12.2 km) east of McCleary, Washington, 9.7 mi (15.6 km) west from the state capital of Olympia, and 9.8 mi (15.8 km) west-northwest of Tumwater, Washington.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
Citroën C-Buggy
The Citroën C-Buggy was a concept car initially presented by Citroën at the 2006 editions of the Madrid Motor Show and the British International Motor Show.

It was a two-seater city car with styling influences from both dune buggy and sport utility vehicle. It was made with some protection against off-road grievances, such as having a slightly raised suspension and also including sump guards. It had tinted glass inserts in the lower body side panels and no doors.

A-segment
The A-segment is the first category in the passenger car classification system defined by the European Commission. It is used for city cars, the smallest category of passenger cars defined.

A-segment sales represented approximately 4.2% of the European market in 2024. It is approximately equivalent to the kei car class in Japan.
Joseph Kinney Jr.
Joseph Kinney Jr. (January 29, 1799 - May 5, 1875) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Mount Holly, Vermont, Kinney moved to Genesee County, New York and then to Cattaraugus County, New York. In 1833, Kinney moved to Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Then in 1838, Kinney moved to Racine County, Wisconsin Territory. He then settled in Avon, Wisconsin in 1842. He served in the first Wisconsin Constitutional Convention of 1846 as a Democrat. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1851 from the town of Lima in Rock County, Wisconsin. Finally he moved to Pepin County, Wisconsin. He died at his daughter's house near Sharon, Wisconsin.

Genesee County, New York
Genesee County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,388. Its county seat is Batavia. Its name is from the Seneca word Gen-nis'-hee-yo, meaning "the Beautiful Valley". The county was created in 1802 and organized in 1803. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Genesee County comprises the Batavia, NY micropolitan statistical area, which is also in the Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY combined statistical area. It is in Western New York. It is the namesake of Genesee County, Michigan; that is, the Michigan county was named for Genesee County, New York.
Hi-Lo League
The Hi-Lo League is a high school athletic conference that is affiliated with the CIF Central Section (CIF-CS). Members are small schools in the remote desert regions of eastern California. The league and its schools joined the CIF-CS in 2017; previously, they were part of the CIF Southern Section. The Hi-Lo League sponsors 8-man football. The two farthest schools, Lee Vining and Baker Valley, are 340 miles (550 km) apart—more than 6 hours one-way.

Eight-man football
Eight-man football is a form of gridiron football, generally played by high schools with smaller enrollments. Eight-man football differs from the traditional 11-man game with the reduction of three players on each side of the ball and a field width that can be reduced to 40 yards, 13 1/3 yards narrower than the 53 1/3-yard 11-man field. Most states continue to play on a field 100 yards long, whereas a few states opt for 80-yard lengths. Reduced-player football, which consists of eight-man, six-man, and nine-man football has gained popularity across the United States. As of 2015, 1,561 schools in 30 states sponsor reduced-player football, with 1,161 of those teams participating in eight-man leagues, whereas 284 teams play six-man football and 116 teams play nine-man football.
Richard Brown (linebacker)
Richard Solomon Brown (born September 21, 1965) is a Samoan former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL).

Brown attended Westminster High School in Westminster, California and played collegiate football at San Diego State University.

Brown signed with the Los Angeles Rams in 1987 as an undrafted free agent. His nine-year career also included stints with the San Diego Chargers, Cleveland Browns, and Minnesota Vikings.

Brown is the uncle of Nephi Sewell, Noah Sewell, and Penei Sewell, all of whom play in the NFL.

San Diego State Aztecs football
The San Diego State Aztecs football team is the college football program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I (FBS) as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium.

Beginning play in 1921, the Aztecs first went to a bowl game in 1948 and first won a major college bowl game in 1969. The Aztecs have won 21 conference championships and are 10–10 all time in post-season bowl games.

Notable alumni include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Marshall Faulk, John Madden, and Joe Gibbs.
Nikolay Alekseyev
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Alekseyev (Russian: Николай Александрович Алексеев, 1852 –25 (OS 13) March 1893) was the elected mayor of Moscow in 1885–1893. Alekseyev is credited with construction of the city's first sanitation system, the first pressurized water supply network reaching individual houses, a psychiatric hospital and 30 new public schools. Alekseyev reorganized the city finances, significantly increasing the share of non-tax revenue from city-owned commercial ventures, and was known for unorthodox and successful fundraising campaigns for the municipal charities. Alekseyev was a long-time sponsor of Moscow Conservatory and local musicians; during his tenure the city acquired the Tretyakov Gallery.

Alekseyev was shot in his office by an insane visitor. He remains the only mayor of Moscow to be assassinated.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Carola Nitschke
Carola Nitschke (later Beraktschjan, born 1 March 1962) is a retired East German swimmer. She competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke and finished in fourth and sixth place, respectively. She also won a gold medal in the 4 × 100 m medley relay, though she swam only in a preliminary round. Shortly before the Olympics she set world records in the 4 × 100 m medley relay and 100 m breaststroke. She was only fourteen at the time. Next year she won a gold and a silver medal in these events at the 1977 European Aquatics Championships.

Later she admitted to taking performance-enhancing drugs as part of the East German doping program; she gave up her medals and asked to remove her name from the competition records.

World record progression 100 metres breaststroke
This is a listing of the history of the World Record in the 100 breaststroke swimming event.

The first world record in long course (50 metres) swimming was recognized by the International Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1961, while the women's world record times were officially acknowledged in 1958. In the short course (25 metres) swimming events the world's governing body has recognized world records since 3 March 1991.
Catullus 51
Catullus 51 is a poem by Roman love poet Gaius Valerius Catullus (c. 84 – c. 54 BC).  It is an adaptation of one of Sappho's fragmentary lyric poems, Sappho 31. Catullus replaces Sappho's beloved with his own beloved Lesbia. Unlike the majority of Catullus' poems, the meter of this poem is the sapphic meter. This meter is more musical, seeing as Sappho mainly sang her poetry.

Catullus is not the only poet who translated Sappho’s poem to use for himself: Pierre de Ronsard and Salvatore Quasimodo are also known to have translated a version of it.

Lesbia
Lesbia was the literary pseudonym used by the Roman poet Gaius Valerius Catullus (c. 84–54 BC) to refer to his lover. Lesbia is traditionally identified with Clodia, the wife of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer and sister of Publius Clodius Pulcher; her conduct and motives are maligned in Cicero's extant speech Pro Caelio, delivered in 56 BC.
Permanent normal trade relations
The status of permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) is a legal designation in the United States for free trade with a foreign state. The designation was changed from most favored nation (MFN) to normal trade relations by Section 5003 of the Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998. Permanent was added to normal trade relations some time later.

In international trade, MFN status (or treatment) is awarded by one country to another. It means that the receiving nation will be granted all trade advantages, such as low tariffs, that any other country also receives. Thus, a country with MFN status will not be discriminated against and will not be treated worse than any other country with MFN status.

Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998
The Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998, also known as Taxpayer Bill of Rights III (Pub. L. 105–206 (text) (PDF), 112 Stat. 685, enacted July 22, 1998), resulted from hearings held by the United States Congress in 1996 and 1997. The Act included numerous amendments to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The bill was passed in the Senate unanimously, and was seen as a major reform of the Internal Revenue Service.
Deutsch Krone (district)
The district of Deutsch Krone (German: Landkreis Deutsch Krone) was a district in Prussia from 1772 to 1945. It belonged to the part of West Prussia that remained in the German Reich after World War I and became part of the Province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia. From 1938 to 1945, it belonged to the Province of Pomerania. Today the territory of the district area lies in the Polish Voivodeships of West Pomerania and Greater Poland.

National Liberal Party (Germany)
The National Liberal Party (German: Nationalliberale Partei, NLP) was a liberal party of the North German Confederation and the German Empire which flourished between 1867 and 1918.

During the Prussian-led unification of Germany, the National Liberals became the dominant party in the Reichstag. While supporting the common ideals of liberalism and nationalism, the party contained two wings, which reflected the conflicting claims of its Hegelian and idealistic heritage: one emphasized the power of the state through the Nationalstaat, and the other emphasized the civil liberties of the Rechtsstaat. Although that cleavage later proved fatal for its unity, the National Liberals managed to remain the pivotal party in the decades after unification by cooperating with both the Progressives and the Free Conservatives on various issues.
Mostviertel
Mostviertel (German: [ˈmɔstˌfɪʁtl̩] ⓘ; English: 'Most Quarter') is the southwestern quarter of the four quarters of Lower Austria (the northeast state of the 9 states in Austria). It is bordered on the north by the Danube and to the south and west by the state borders of Styria and Upper Austria respectively. The Wienerwald forms the natural border to the east and gives the quarter its second name, "The Quarter over the Wienerwald".

The name Mostviertel comes from the term Most, which refers to the perry and cider made in the region. The lands between the Rivers Ybbs and Enns enjoy favorable conditions for growing fruit trees and are therefore the heart of a flourishing most industry. The Perry tree blossom in April is a regular highlight of the region. Typical in the Mostviertel are vast meadows of mixed orchards surrounding a farmhouse, in the center of which is usually a square courtyard, and the lightly rolling foothills of the Alps.

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Eye relief
The eye relief of an optical instrument (such as a telescope, a microscope, or binoculars) is the distance from the last surface of an eyepiece within which the user's eye can obtain the full viewing angle. If a viewer's eye is outside this distance, a reduced field of view will be obtained. The calculation of eye relief is complex, though generally, the higher the magnification and the larger the intended field of view, the shorter the eye relief.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
NiedersachsenBahn
NiedersachsenBahn GmbH is a railway company (EVU) which acts as an operating company for metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft. It is a joint venture of the private Osthannoversche Eisenbahnen AG (OHE) (60%) from Celle, Germany and the state-owned Eisenbahnen und Verkehrsbetriebe Elbe-Weser GmbH (EVB) (40%) from Zeven, Germany. The company is also based in Celle.

Rail transport company
A rail transport company is a company active within the rail industry. It can be:

a manufacturing company,

a railway undertaking providing services through operating rolling stock,

a railway infrastructure manager.

In some jurisdictions such as the United States, railway companies may combine these roles. Railway companies can be private or public.
Elizabeth and Mary Kirby
Elizabeth Kirby (1823–1873) and Mary Kirby (later Mary Gregg, 1817–1893) were successful English writers and illustrators of books for children and books on natural science. Mary Kirby is known particularly for leading the crowd-sourced Flora of Leicestershire and Elizabeth for her children's books. They both had a lifelong writing partnership that popularised science. Mary is thought to be one of the first British woman to publish a scientific study of the flora of her county in the nineteenth century.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Konstantinos Gikas
Konstantinos Gikas (1913 – 1980) was a Greek footballer. He played in five matches for the Greece national football team from 1930 to 1938. He was also part of Greece's team for their qualification matches for the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

1938 FIFA World Cup qualification Group 6
The 1938 FIFA World Cup qualification Group 6 took place from January to March 1938. Hungary as the strongest team of this group was seeded. Greece and Mandatory Palestine would play against each other on a home-and-away basis. Hungary would play against the winner at home. The winner would qualify for the third FIFA World Cup held in France.
Jako
Jako AG is a German sportswear company based in the Hollenbach district of Mulfingen, Baden-Württemberg. The company was founded by Rudi Sprügel in 1989 in Stachenhausen. Jako provides kits for teams playing association football, handball, basketball, ice hockey and other sports.

Jako has provided teams with equipment since 1989. They began equipping sports teams located geographically between the Jagst and Kocher rivers. Jako is represented in more than 40 countries.

Aktiengesellschaft
Aktiengesellschaft (German pronunciation: [ˈaktsi̯ənɡəˌzɛlʃaft] ⓘ; abbreviated AG [aːˈgeː] ⓘ) is a German word for a corporation limited by share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a société anonyme or a società per azioni) and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company".
Yusef Sozi
Yusuf Sozi (born 20 December 1998) is an Ugandan-British former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played at club level in the Super League for the London Broncos (2000–2001), the Batley Bulldogs, the York City Knights, Gateshead Thunder, Doncaster (2006), in National League One for the Sheffield Eagles (2007), and the Bradford Bulls, as a prop.

York Knights
The York Knights are the professional rugby league team of York RLFC, based in York, England. The club play their home games at York Community Stadium and competes in the Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

The club, which was founded as the York City Knights, is a  phoenix club established after the original York club folded in 2002. The Knights played in blue and white until 2017 when they reverted to the city's traditional home colours of amber and black. The club was renamed as York RLFC in 2022 with the men's team continuing to be known as the Knights and the women's team becoming the Valkyrie.
Ba Matero
Francis Nundwe (born April 2, 2000) is a Zambian actor, comedian, performer and for former boxer professionally known as Ba Matero. He is best known for his distinctive comedy style that involves mimicking and acting out everyday suburban scenarios, particularly petty thieving in the Lusaka suburb of Matero. His skits often feature an accompanying song, Nalitumpa Ine by 4 na 5 featuring Slap Dee, which has helped contribute to his unique appeal and growing popularity. He is also the Zamtel Social Media Awards Content Creator of the Year.

Slapdee
Mwila Musonda (born April 27, 1987), known professionally as Slapdee, is a Zambian hip hop and rap musician. Having won multiple awards since his debut in 2006, he is often regarded one of the pioneers of Zambian hip-hop.