hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Four Seasons Hotel Moscow
The Four Seasons Hotel Moscow is a modern luxury hotel in Manezhnaya Square in the Tverskoy District, central Moscow, Russia. It opened on October 30, 2014, with a facade that replicates the Soviet Hotel Moskva of the 1930s (Russian: Гости́ница «Москва́»), which previously stood on the same location. It is located near Red Square, and in close proximity to the pre-revolutionary City Hall.

It was operated by Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts from its opening until 2022, when the chain ceased managing the hotel due to economic sanctions imposed on Russia resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The hotel continues to use the name, though it is no longer part of the international chain.

Red Square
Red Square (Russian: Красная площадь, romanized: Krasnaya ploshchad', IPA: [ˈkrasnəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ]) is one of the oldest and largest squares in Moscow, Russia. It is located in Moscow's historic centre, along the eastern walls of the Kremlin. It is the city's most prominent landmark, with famous buildings such as Saint Basil's Cathedral, Lenin's Mausoleum, the State Historical Museum and the GUM department store. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990. Red Square has been the scene of executions, demonstrations, riots, parades, and speeches. Almost 73,000 square metres (800,000 square feet), it lies directly east of the Kremlin and north of the Moskva River. A moat that separated the square from the Kremlin was paved over in 1812.
José Rubia Barcia
José Rubia Barcia (1914–1997) was born in Ferrol (Galicia), where a cultural center dedicated to him now houses his library and a collection of his papers. He studied Arabic and Hispano-Arabic literature at the University of Granada. After completing his degree he held important positions in the Spanish Republican Army during the Spanish Civil War and as a consequence he went into exile, first to France and then to Cuba and then to the United States. Here he worked in Hollywood with the Spanish film director Luis Buñuel. Rubia Barcia published a great number of books and articles on Valle Inclán, Unamuno, Federico García Lorca and other writers of the 20th century. He was also an author of political essays.

Rubia and Clayton Eshleman jointly prepared The Complete Posthumous Poetry of César Vallejo (1978) and won the U.S. National Book Award, category Translation.

Spanish Republican Army
The Spanish Republican Army (Spanish: Ejército de la República Española) was the main branch of the Armed Forces of the Second Spanish Republic between 1931 and 1939.

It became known as People's Army of the Republic (Ejército Popular de la República) after it was reorganized, following the disbandment of the voluntary militias that were formed in July 1936 at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.
Marius Voigt
Marius Voigt (born 20 February 1962) is a Norwegian former ice hockey player. He was born in Oslo, Norway as the son of Per Voigt, and played for the club IF Frisk Asker. He played for the Norwegian national ice hockey team at the 1988 Winter Olympics.

Norway men's national ice hockey team
The Norway men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team from Norway that participates at the IIHF World Championships. The team is governed by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Association and is coached by Petter Thoresen.
Dinmukhamet Idrisov
Dinmukhamet Appazūly Idrisov (Kazakh: Дінмұхамет Аппазұлы Ыдырысов; born 29 December 1964) is a Kazakh businessman, economist and diplomat. He is included in the Forbes List of the Top 50 influential entrepreneurs of Kazakhstan, and his personal fortune is estimated at US$415 million. Idrisov owns Kazakhstan Municipal Systems LLP, which operates in the Turkestan, Karaganda, Mangystau, and East Kazakhstan regions of Kazakhstan. He is chairman of the Supervisory Board of Kazakhstan Municipal Systems LLP and a member of the Board of Trustees of AlmaU.

Karaganda Region
Karaganda Region is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Karaganda. The region borders Akmola and Pavlodar Region to the north; Abai Region to the east; Jetisu, Almaty, and Zhambyl Regions to the south; and Kostanay and Ulytau regions to the west.

In 2022, the western parts of this region was split off and became the Ulytau Region.
Sponsus
Sponsus or The Bridegroom is a medieval Latin and Occitan dramatic treatment of Jesus' parable of the ten virgins. A liturgical play designed for Easter Vigil, it was composed probably in Gascony or western Languedoc in the mid-eleventh century. Its scriptural basis is found in the Gospel of Matthew (25:1–13), but it also draws on the Song of Songs and the Patristics, perhaps Jerome's Adversus Jovinianum. In certain respects—the portrayal of the merchants, the spilling of the oil, the implicit questioning of accepted theodicy—it is original and dramatically powerful.

"Sponsus" is the Latin word for groom/husband and is the source of the English word "spouse". The feminine form is "sponsa" (bride/wife).

Theodicy
A theodicy (from Ancient Greek θεός theos, "god" and δίκη dikē, "justice"), meaning 'vindication of God', is an argument in the philosophy of religion that attempts to resolve the problem of evil, which arises when all power (omnipotence) and all goodness (omnibenevolence) are attributed to God simultaneously.

Unlike a defense, which tries only to demonstrate that God and evil can logically coexist, a theodicy additionally provides a framework in which God and evil's existence are considered plausible. The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz coined the term theodicy in his book Théodicée (1710), though numerous responses to the problem of evil had previously been offered.

Similar to a theodicy, a cosmodicy attempts to justify the fundamental goodness of the universe, while an anthropodicy attempts similar justification of human nature.
Star of Devon
The 'Star of Devon' apple is a cultivar of medium-sized red dessert apple. It is in season from September to April.

It was raised by J Garland at Broadclyst Devon near Exeter around 1905 and introduced by George Pyne, the owner of Denver Nurseries in Topsham Devon UK.
The apple is still grown on the Killerton estate near Broadclyst.

Broadclyst
Broadclyst is a village and civil parish in the East Devon local government district. It lies approximately 5 miles (8 km) northeast of the city of Exeter, Devon, England, on the B3181. In 2011 its population was 1,467, increasing at the 2021 Census to 1,552.  An electoral ward with the same name exists whose population at the above census was 7,083.
Lawrence Blair (bishop)
Christianity portal

Laurence Frederick Devaynes Blair (1868–1925)  was an Anglican priest: a missionary bishop in South America in the first half of the twentieth century.

He was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge  and  ordained in 1892. He was  Curate of Portman Chapel from 1892 to 1895 when he became Rector of  Chedgrave.
He was Chaplain at Bellary then an  Army Chaplain. He was with the  Church Parochial Mission Society, from 1906 to 1910 when he became Bishop of the Falkland Islands.

Ballari
Ballari (Kannada: [bɐɭːaːri], formerly Bellary) is a city in the Ballari district in state of Karnataka, India.

Ballari houses many steel plants such as JSW Vijayanagar, one of the largest in Asia. Ballari district is also known as the ‘Steel city of South India’. Ballari is also the headquarters for Karnataka Gramina Bank which almost has more than 1100 + branches in Karnataka.
Artemidorus Aristophanius
Artemidorus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρτεμίδωρος) was a grammarian of ancient Greece who lived around the late 3rd and early 2nd centuries BCE. He was often called Aristophanius or Pseudo-Aristophanius owing to his having been a disciple of Aristophanes of Byzantium, the celebrated Librarian of Alexandria, as well as of Aristophanes's successor, Aristarchus of Samothrace.

His works are sometimes confused with those of another grammarian named Artemidorus, Artemidorus of Tarsus, who sometimes wrote about the playwright Aristophanes.

Grammarian (Greco-Roman)
In the Greco-Roman world, the grammarian (Latin: grammaticus) was responsible for the second stage in the traditional education system, after a boy had learned his basic Greek and Latin. The job of the grammarian was to teach the ancient poets such as Homer and Virgil, and the correct way of speaking before a boy moved on to study under the rhetor. Despite often humble origins, some grammarians went on to achieve elevated positions in Rome, though few enjoyed financial success.
Calton Coffie
Calton Sylvester Coffie (27 February 1954 – 2 February 2023) was a Jamaican vocalist who rose to prominence for his work in the Jamaican-based recording act Inner Circle, but had also recorded as a solo vocalist.

Coffie was active in the reggae group from 1986 to 1994, when he began performing under the moniker Hot Cup of Coffie, based in the United Kingdom. For a brief period, his career was put on hold due to health problems. Coffie is perhaps best known for providing vocals for their smash hit single "Sweat (A La La La La Long)", which entered the European charts upon its release. His four-decade career yielded one Grammy Award and two nominations, for "Sweat (A La La La La Long)", "Bad Boys", and "Reggae Dancer".

Coffie battled diabetes in later years. He died on 2 February 2023, at the age of 68.

Bad Boys (Inner Circle song)
"Bad Boys" is a 1987 song by the Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle, which gained high popularity in the United States after its re-release in 1993, peaking at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 and number seven on the Top 40 Mainstream chart. It is the opening theme to the American documentary TV show Cops and the theme song of the 1995 American action comedy film Bad Boys, and is also featured in the film's sequels.
Kountouriotika
Kountouriotika (Greek: Κουντουριώτικα pronounced [kunduˈɾʝotika]) is a small neighborhood of Athens, Greece, named after the admiral and later  President of Greece Pavlos Kountouriotis. It is located within Ampelokipoi.

President of Greece
The president of Greece, officially the president of the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, romanized: Próedros tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), commonly referred to in Greek as the president of the Republic (Πρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας, Próedros tis Dimokratías, ΠτΔ), is the head of state of Greece. The president is elected by the Hellenic Parliament; the role has been mainly ceremonial since the 1986 constitutional reform. The office was formally established by the Constitution of Greece in 1975, but has antecedents in the Second Hellenic Republic of 1924–1935 and the Greek junta in 1973–1974 which predated the transition to the current Third Hellenic Republic.
Duncan Goodhew
Duncan Alexander Goodhew, MBE (born 27 May 1957) is an English former competitive swimmer. After swimming competitively in America as a collegian at North Carolina State University, he was an Olympic swimmer for Great Britain and won Olympic gold and bronze medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. He also swam at the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Swimming at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Swimming as usual was one of the three aquatics disciplines at the 1980 Summer Olympics—the other two being Water Polo and Diving. It was held in the Swimming Pool of the Olimpiysky Sports Complex between July 20 and July 27. There was a total of 333 participants from 41 countries competing.

Because the number of participants was reduced by the boycott, FINA broke format by doing away with the semifinals. Instead, the top 8 finishers from the heats qualified directly for the final, or final A as it was called. In events up to 400 m, those that finished 9th to 16th in the heats would swim in Final B for the 9th place after the swimmers from Final A swam. This would continue as the Olympic format up to the 1996 Olympic Games.
Telescopefish
Telescopefish are small, deep-sea aulopiform fish classified in the small family Giganturidae. Telescopefish can be found at the depths of 2000 meters under water. The two known species are within the genus Gigantura. Though rarely captured, they are found in cold, deep tropical to subtropical waters worldwide.

The common name of these fish is related to their bizarre, tubular eyes. The genus name Gigantura refers to the Gigantes, a race of giants in Greek mythology—coupled with the suffix oura, meaning 'tail', thus Gigantura refers to the greatly elongated, ribbon-like lower half of the tailfin that may account for over half of the total body length.

Giants (Greek mythology)
In Greek and Roman mythology, the Giants, also called Gigantes (Greek: Γίγαντες, Gígantes, singular: Γίγας, Gígas), were a race of great strength and aggression, though not necessarily of great size, known for the Gigantomachy (also spelled Gigantomachia), their battle with the Olympian gods. According to Hesiod, the Giants were the offspring of Gaia (Earth), born from the blood that fell when Uranus (Sky) was castrated by his Titan son Cronus.

Archaic and Classical representations show Gigantes as man-sized hoplites (heavily armed ancient Greek foot soldiers) fully human in form. Later representations (after c. 380 BC) show Gigantes with snakes for legs. In later traditions, the Giants were often confused with other opponents of the Olympians, particularly the Titans, an earlier generation of large and powerful children of Gaia and Uranus.

The vanquished Giants were said to be buried under volcanoes and to be the cause of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
Koszele, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Koszele [kɔˈʂɛlɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orla, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

It is in one of the five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.

Bielsk County
Bielsk County (Polish: powiat bielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bielsk Podlaski, which lies 39 kilometres (24 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Brańsk, lying 25 km (16 mi) west of Bielsk Podlaski.

The county covers an area of 1,385.2 square kilometres (534.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 54,590, out of which the population of Bielsk Podlaski is 25,290, that of Brańsk is 3,767, and the rural population is 25,533.
Guestling
Guestling is a village and civil parish in the Rother district of East Sussex, England. The village is located 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Hastings on the A259 road to Rye. Its parish church is dedicated to St Laurence.

A259 road
The A259 is a road on the south coast of England passing through Hampshire, West Sussex, East Sussex, and Kent, and is the longest Zone 2 A road in Great Britain. The main part of the road connects Brighton, Peacehaven, Eastbourne, Hastings, Rye, and Folkestone.

The road is below the expected standard of a trunk road used by HGVs and a frequent cause of congestion and disruption and has been documented as one of the most dangerous roads in South England.
Gabriel Aeppli
Gabriel Aeppli (born 25 November 1956) is a Swiss-American electrical engineer, co-founder of the London Centre for Nanotechnology, professor of physics at ETH Zürich and EPF Lausanne, and head of the Synchrotron and Nanotechnology department of the Paul Scherrer Institute, also in Switzerland.

He has contributed to spectroscopy on the magnetism of disordered systems and on high-temperature superconductors and antiferromagnetism, identifying magnets with tuneable quantum fluctuations that can be used to study the transition between classical and quantum behavior. His work has helped to demonstrate that quantum spin fluctuations underlie exotic superconductivity.

He has been the recipient of multiple honors, and he has more than 290 peer-review publications, 14,054 total citations from 9,542 documents, and a h-index of 70.

Antiferromagnetism
Antiferromagnetism is a type of magnetic ordering, just like ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism. In antiferromagnets the individual magnetic dipoles are oriented in a way such that the bulk of the material has a vanishing total magnetization. In the simplest model, as shown in the picture on the right, neighboring moments in an ordered lattice are oriented antiparallel to one another. Since there are multiple ways of arranging magnetic moments on a lattice (especially in three dimensions), there exist various types of antiferromagnetic ordering. The phenomenon of antiferromagnetism was first introduced by Lev Landau in 1933.

Generally, antiferromagnetic order may exist at sufficiently low temperatures, but vanishes at and above the Néel temperature – named after Louis Néel, who had first identified this type of magnetic ordering. Above the Néel temperature, the material is typically paramagnetic.
RMS Otranto
At least 2 British ships have been named RMS Otranto after the Strait of Otranto between Italy and Albania.

RMS Otranto (1909) – A steamship that was renamed HMS Otranto in 1914 and became an armed merchant cruiser and troop ship during World War I before being wrecked in 1918.

RMS Otranto (1925) – An ocean liner that served during World War II as a troop transport and Landing ship, infantry before she was scrapped in 1957.

Landing ship, infantry
A infantry landing ship (naval designation LSI for landing ship, infantry) was one of a number of types of British Commonwealth vessels used to transport landing craft and troops engaged in amphibious warfare during the Second World War. LSIs were operated by the Royal Navy, British Merchant Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Indian Navy, and Royal Australian Navy. They transported British Commonwealth and other Allied troops in sea assaults and invasions throughout the war.

Typically, an LSI would transport its cargo of infantry from its embarkation port to close to the coast to be invaded. This location (the "lowering position" in Royal Navy terminology) was approximately 6–11 miles off shore.  The troops would then transfer to landing craft, most commonly LCAs, for the journey to the beach. The landing craft would return to the LSI after disembarking their cargo and be hoisted up to embark additional troops.
Hotel Paradies
Hotel Paradies was a sitcom that aired on ZDF with a total of 27 episodes. It aired twice a week from 16 January 1990 to 12 April 1990, on Tuesdays and Thursdays at 5:50 PM. The show was written by Herbert Lichtenfeld. The director from episodes 1 to 12 was Claus-Peter Witt; he was replaced in episodes 13 to 27 by Michael Günther. The series premiere on 16 January 1990 drew 17.82 million ZDF viewers during prime time.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Gliese 86 b
Gliese 86 b, sometimes referred to as Gliese 86 A b (so as to distinguish the planet from companion star "B") and/or shortened to Gl 86 b, is an extrasolar planet approximately 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. The planet was discovered orbiting a K-type main-sequence star (Gliese 86 A) by French scientists in November 1998. The planet orbits very close to the star, completing an orbit in 15.78 days.

Preliminary astrometric measurements made with the Hipparcos space probe suggested the planet has an orbital inclination of 164.0° and a mass 15 times that of Jupiter, which would make the object a brown dwarf. However, further analysis suggests the Hipparcos measurements are not precise enough to reliably determine astrometric orbits of substellar companions, thus the orbital inclination and true mass of the candidate planet remain unknown.

K-type main-sequence star
A K-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars are intermediate in size between red dwarfs and yellow dwarfs, hence the term orange dwarfs often applied to this type.
Guèma
Guèma, also known as Guinma, is a town in the Gnonkourakali arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 1,463.

9°57′47″N 2°59′26″E﻿ / ﻿09.963°N 2.9905°E﻿ / 09.963; 2.9905

Arrondissement
An arrondissement (UK: /æˈrɒndiːsmɒ̃, ˌærɒnˈdiːsmɒ̃/, US: /æˌrɒndiːsˈmɒ̃, -ˌroʊn-, əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, and certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.
Christian Ringo
Christian Jacques Rashad Ringo (born March 10, 1992) is an American professional football nose tackle. He played college football at Louisiana and was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the sixth round of the 2015 NFL draft.

Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football
The Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football (formerly competed as Southwestern Louisiana or USL, later and still often referred to as Louisiana-Lafayette or ULL) program is a college football team that represents the University of Louisiana at Lafayette at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level as a member of the Sun Belt Conference. Since 1971, the team has played its home games at Cajun Field in Lafayette, Louisiana. Michael Desormeaux has served as Louisiana's head coach since 2021.

The RCAF (Ragin Cajun Athletic Foundation) is the supporter association that assists with funding for all Ragin Cajun sports.
Visp railway station
Visp railway station is a junction station at Visp (French: Viège), in the canton of Valais, Switzerland. It has a modern station building completed in 2007, and is served by two standard gauge lines and a metre gauge line.

Visp station is the busiest railway station in Valais.

Every day, about 230 trains stop at Visp, and approximately 25,300 passengers use the station.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.