hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Home for Christmas (Hall & Oates album)
Home for Christmas is the eighteenth and final studio album by Hall & Oates, and their only full-length album of Christmas music. It was released in the US on October 3, 2006. A portion of the proceeds of the sale of this album goes to Toys for Tots. It was only available at Trans World Entertainment music stores in 2006, but has since become available at all retail outlets.

Previously, the duo released a promotional only single called "Jingle Bell Rock" in the early 1980s that had each of them separately singing the lead vocals on either side of the 45. The version of "Jingle Bell Rock" on this album is different from those two versions.

This album features two new songs written by Hall & Oates: "No Child Should Ever Cry on Christmas" and "Home for Christmas".

It includes a version of "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear", which became their second number one Adult Contemporary hit.

Toys for Tots
Toys for Tots is a program run by the United States Marine Corps Reserve which distributes toys to children whose parents cannot afford to buy them gifts for Christmas. It was founded in 1947 by reservist Major Bill Hendricks.

The Marine Toys for Tots Foundation, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit public charity located in Triangle, Virginia, funds, raise funds for, and supports the program.

A Canadian branch of Toys for Tots is based in London, Ontario, and is run by veterans and serving members of the Canadian Armed Forces.
Haifa metropolitan area
The Haifa metropolitan area (Hebrew: מטרופולין חיפה) is a metropolitan area including areas from both the Haifa and the Northern districts of Israel. It is located along the Israeli Mediterranean coastline. With an estimated population of almost 1 million, the Haifa metropolitan area is the third largest metropolitan area in Israel, behind Gush Dan and Greater Jerusalem.

Karmiel
Karmiel (Hebrew: כרמיאל) is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Established in 1964 as a development town, Karmiel is located in the Beit HaKerem Valley which divides upper and lower Galilee. The city is located south of the Acre–Safed road, 32 kilometres (20 miles) from Safed and 20 km (12 miles) from Ma'alot-Tarshiha and 20 km (12 mi) from Acre. In 2023 Karmiel had a population of 48,675.
Nitriding
Nitriding is a heat treating process that diffuses nitrogen into the surface of a metal to create a case-hardened surface. These processes are most commonly used on low-alloy steels. They are  also used on titanium, aluminium and molybdenum.

Typical applications include gears, crankshafts, camshafts, cam followers, valve parts, extruder screws, die-casting tools, forging dies, extrusion dies, firearm components, injectors and plastic mold tools.

Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.  The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.  Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold forging (a type of cold working), warm forging, or hot forging (a type of hot working). For the latter two, the metal is heated, usually in a forge. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for millennia; the traditional products were kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, edged weapons, cymbals, and jewellery.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in mechanisms and machines wherever a component requires high strength; such forgings usually require further processing (such as machining) to achieve a finished part. Today, forging is a major worldwide industry.
Cytochrome b5
Cytochromes b5 are ubiquitous electron transport hemoproteins found in animals, plants, fungi and purple phototrophic bacteria. The microsomal and mitochondrial variants are membrane-bound, while bacterial and those from erythrocytes and other animal tissues are water-soluble. The family of cytochrome b5-like proteins includes (besides cytochrome b5 itself) hemoprotein domains covalently associated with other redox domains in flavocytochrome cytochrome b2 (L-lactate dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.2.3), sulfite oxidase (EC 1.8.3.1), plant and fungal nitrate reductases (EC 1.7.1.1, EC 1.7.1.2, EC 1.7.1.3), and plant and fungal cytochrome b5/acyl lipid desaturase fusion proteins.

Microsome
In cell biology, microsomes are heterogeneous vesicle-like artifacts (~20-200 nm diameter) re-formed from pieces of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when eukaryotic cells are broken-up in the laboratory; microsomes are not present in healthy, living cells.

Rough (containing ribosomes) and smooth (without ribosomes) microsomes are made from the endoplasmic reticulum through cell disruption. These microsomes have an inside that is exactly the same as the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Both forms of microsomes can be purified by a process known as equilibrium density centrifugation. Rough and smooth microsomes do differ in their proteins and rough microsomes have shown occurrence of translation and translocation at the same time besides certain exceptions from proteins in yeast.
Message-ID
Message-ID is a unique identifier for a digital message, most commonly a globally unique identifier used in email and Usenet newsgroups.

Message-IDs are required to have a specific format which is a subset of an email address and be globally unique. No two different messages must ever have the same Message-ID. If two messages have the same Message-ID, they are assumed to be the same and one version is discarded. This can cause issues if tools mangle the IDs created by other tools. Such a problem has been reported with Google MTAs mangling Message-IDs created by Outlook, making it difficult to reference other messages and breaking threading.

Message-IDs, if present, are generated by the client program sending the email or by the first mail server. A common method of generating such ID is by combining the time and domain name, for example: 950124.162336@example.com.

Message transfer agent
Within the Internet email system, a message transfer agent (MTA), mail transfer agent, or mail relay is software that transfers electronic mail messages from one computer to another using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. In some contexts, the alternative names mail server, mail exchanger, or MX host are used to describe an MTA.

Messages exchanged across networks are passed between mail servers, including any attached data files (such as images, multimedia, or documents). These servers often keep mailboxes for email. Access to this email by end users is typically either by webmail or an email client.
Ken Johnson (defensive end, born 1955)
Kenneth Eugene Johnson (born March 25, 1955) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for the Knoxville Bulldogs, Johnson was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the fourth round of the 1979 NFL draft. He played six seasons for the Buffalo Bills from 1979 to 1984 and two game for the Kansas City Chiefs during the 1987 strike shortened season.

Knoxville College
Knoxville College is an unaccredited private historically black college in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1875 by the United Presbyterian Church of North America. The college is a United Negro College Fund member school.

A slow period of decline began in the 1970s and by 2015 the school had an enrollment of just 11 students. In May 2015, the college suspended classes until Fall 2016 term in hopes of reorganizing. On May 17, 2018, the Tennessee Higher Education Commission gave its approval for Knoxville College to once again reopen its doors and offer classes. On July 1, 2018, Knoxville College website announced resumption of enrolling students for fall 2018 semester. In May 2022, three students graduated.
Bullshit Motorcycle Club
Bullshit Motorcycle Club, most commonly shortened to Bullshit MC, was a Danish outlaw motorcycle gang and organized criminal group active during the 1980s. They were best known for engaging in a violent turf war against the rivaling Hells Angels Motorcycle Club. Bullshit MC formed during the late 1970s in Tårnby, Amager as the result of a merger between the Filthy Few and Nøragersmindebanden, two outlaw motorcycle clubs who had decided to band together in an effort to oppose the takeover of the ambitious Hells Angels, who had then recently expanded into Scandinavia.

Amager
Amager (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑˌmɑˀ] or, especially among older speakers, [ˈɑˌmɛˀɐ]), located in the Øresund, is Denmark's most densely populated island, with 225,746 inhabitants (January 2025). Amager is the largest island in the Øresund, and the only one with a large population.

Amager is home to parts of Copenhagen including Freetown Christiania, as well as Copenhagen Airport. The island is connected to the much larger island of Zealand (Sjælland) by eight bridges and a metro tunnel, and to Sweden via the Øresund Bridge.
Wayne Memorial High School
Wayne Memorial High School is a high school in Wayne, Michigan in Metro Detroit, on the corner of Glenwood Road and Fourth Street, sitting near the border of Wayne and its district partner Westland. It is a part of Wayne-Westland Community Schools. It serves portions of Wayne, Westland, Inkster, and Romulus.

Metro Detroit
Metro Detroit is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and over 200 municipalities in the surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by the Office of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.

Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking the Great Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17 Fortune 500 companies.
1957 World Sportscar Championship
The 1957 World Sportscar Championship season was the fifth season of the FIA World Sportscar Championship.  It was a series for sportscars that ran in many worldwide endurance events.  It ran from 20 January 1957 to 3 November 1957, and comprised seven races.

Following the shortest season in World Sportscar Championship history, the 1957 season saw the return of the 24 Hours of Le Mans following track modifications as a direct result of the 1955 Le Mans disaster. In addition, the Venezuelan Grand Prix was added to the championship calendar.

Ferrari 335 S
The Ferrari 335 S was a sports racing car produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Ferrari between 1957 and 1958. The car was a direct response to the Maserati 450S which with its 4.5-litre engine was threatening to overpower the 3.8-litre 315 S and 3.5-litre 290 MM. Four cars were produced in total.
Velykyi Liubin
Velykyi Liubin (Ukrainian: Великий Любінь; Polish: Lubień Wielki) is a rural settlement in Lviv Raion, Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine. The settlement has a balneological and cardiological resort and sanatorium. It hosts the administration of Velykyi Liubin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
Local government is administered by Velykoliubinska Settlement Council. Population: 4,528 (2022 estimate).

Sanatorium
A sanatorium (from Latin sānāre 'to heal'), also sanitarium or sanitorium, is a historic name for a specialised hospital for the treatment of specific diseases, related ailments, and convalescence.

Sanatoria were often in a healthy climate, usually in the countryside. The idea of healing was an important reason for the historical wave of establishments of sanatoria, especially at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The most common issue treated at sanatoria was tuberculosis (before the discovery of antibiotics). Some sanatoria also treated alcoholism as well as hysteria, masturbation, fatigue and emotional exhaustion. Facility operators were often charitable associations, such as the Order of St. John and the newly founded social welfare insurance companies.

Sanatoria should not be confused with the Russian sanatoria from the time of the Soviet Union, which were a type of sanatorium resort residence for workers.
Baker Octagon Barn
Baker Octagon Barn is a historic barn located in Richfield Springs in Otsego County, New York. It was built in 1882, and is a three-story, octagonal wood frame and fieldstone structure.  It has a hipped roof and is topped by an octagonal cupola.  The barn measures 60 feet in diameter.: 3

It is octagonal, which meets the definition of being a round barn.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Otsego County, New York
Otsego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,524. The county seat is Cooperstown. The county's population center is Oneonta. The name Otsego is from a Mohawk or Oneida word meaning "place of the rock." The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.
SPSA
SPSA can refer to:

School Plan for Student Achievement (formerly Single Plan for Student Achievement), a required plan for California public schools

Scottish Police Services Authority, a public body of the Scottish Government responsible for certain central services for police forces

Southeastern Public Service Authority, the solid waste management agency for the one-million-population region south of Hampton Roads Harbor and the lower James River in Virginia, United States

Simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation, a stochastic method for optimization, especially appropriate for multivariable problems

Southern Political Science Association (SPSA) is an American learned society and national political science association.

Southern Political Science Association
The Southern Political Science Association (SPSA) is an American learned society and national political science association. It promotes political science in the United States and internationally. Its primary purposes are to publish a professional journal, to improve teaching, to promote interest and research in theoretical and practical political problems, to encourage communication and to develop standards of competence and respect between persons engaged in the professional study and practice of government and politics.
Absheron Economic Region
The Absheron Economic Region is located in the eastern part of the Republic of Azerbaijan and comprises Baku and Sumgait cities and the Absheron and Khizi districts. The eastern part of the economic region is located on the shores of the Caspian Sea, which has positive effects on the economy of the region. It borders Shaki-Zaqatala economic region to the north, Mountainous Shirvan to the west and Aran to the south.

Absheron Economic Region covers an area of 3,290 square kilometers, constituting approximately 3.9% of the territory of Azerbaijan (excluding the city of Baku), and there are approximately 568,000 people as of the beginning of January 2018 (also excluding Baku). The population density was 103 people per square km of land area.

Khizi District
Khizi District (Azerbaijani: Xızı rayonu) is one of the 67 districts of Azerbaijan. Located in the east of the country, it belongs to the Absheron-Khizi Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Siyazan, Shabran, Quba, Shamakhi, Gobustan, and Absheron-Khizi. Its capital and largest city is Khizi. As of 2020, the district had a population of 17,100, making it the least populated district of Azerbaijan.
Cossus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 25)
Cossus Cornelius Lentulus was a Roman senator, who was active during the reign of Tiberius. He was consul in the year AD 25 as the colleague of Marcus Asinius Agrippa. Except for his consulship, the only office Lentulus might have held is governorship of Germania Superior, as Edmund Groag conjectured.

Lentulus was the son of Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in 1 BC. His brother was Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in the year 26. He is known to have a son, Cossus Cornelius Lentulus, consul in the year 60, as the colleague of Nero.

Germania Superior
Germania Superior  ("Upper Germania") was an imperial province of the Roman Empire. It comprised an area of today's western Switzerland, the French Jura and Alsace regions, and southwestern Germany. Important cities were Besançon (Vesontio), Strasbourg (Argentoratum), Wiesbaden (Aquae Mattiacae), and Germania Superior's capital, Mainz (Mogontiacum). It comprised the Middle Rhine, bordering on the Limes Germanicus, and on the Alpine province of Raetia to the south-east. Although it had been occupied militarily since the reign of Augustus, Germania Superior (along with Germania Inferior) was not made into an official province until c. 85 AD.
Netherlands at the 1980 Summer Olympics
The Netherlands competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. In partial support of the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in protest over the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan, the Dutch athletes boycotted the Opening Ceremony, and the Olympic Flag was used in place of Netherlands' national flag at medal ceremonies. 75 competitors, 57 men and 18 women, took part in 56 events in 10 sports.

Fred Eefting
Alfred Frederik "Fred" Eefting (born 14 February 1959) is a retired Dutch swimmer. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in four events and finished sixth in the 100 m backstroke, fifth in the 200 m backstroke and seventh in the 4 × 100 m medley relay. Between 1977 and 1982 he won a national title in the 100 m backstroke (1979) and set several dozen national records in various backstroke, freestyle and medley disciplines.
Hibbingite
Hibbingite is a divalent iron hydroxychloride found in the Duluth Complex of northeastern Minnesota, United States. Hibbingite can be found in troctolitic, partially serpentinized rocks. Hibbingite can also be found in sulfide ore from the Sudbury Complex, Canada, the Noril’sk Intrusion in Russia, and in terrestrially weathered meteorites. Hibbingite is mostly found as vein filings from drill cores taken from troctolitic, partially serpentinized rocks. Hibbingite itself can have cleavage perpendicular to the vein walls in which it is found. Hibbingite is associated with serpentine, olivine, plagioclase, biotite, and secondary magnetite or goethite. Fresh samples are internally green but turn reddish as they oxidize. Hibbingite is part of the atacamite family of minerals.

Sulfide mineral
The sulfide minerals are a class of minerals containing sulfide (S2−) or disulfide (S2−2) as the major anion. Some sulfide minerals are economically important as metal ores. The sulfide class also includes the selenides, the tellurides, the arsenides, the antimonides, the bismuthinides, the sulfarsenides and the sulfosalts.  Sulfide minerals are inorganic compounds.
2006 FAI Cup
The FAI Cup 2006 was the 86th staging of The Football Association of Ireland Challenge Cup or FAI Cup. This season's competition was the last to be sponsored by Carlsberg. It officially kicked off in late April, when twenty clubs from the junior and intermediate leagues battled it out for the chance to face League of Ireland opposition in the second round. The ten winners of those ties were joined in the second round by the 22 League of Ireland clubs. The competition ran until early December, with the final taking place on Sunday, December 3.

FAI Cup
The Football Association of Ireland Senior Challenge Cup (FAI Cup), known as the Sports Direct FAI Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland (as well as Derry City from Northern Ireland). Organised by the FAI (Football Association of Ireland), the competition is currently sponsored by Sports Direct. It was known as the Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936. Shamrock Rovers hold the record of most wins with 26.

The current holders are Shamrock Rovers who won their 26th title on 9 November 2025, defeating Cork City 2–0 at the Aviva Stadium.
1976–77 FIBA European Champions Cup
The 1976–77 FIBA European Champions Cup was the 20th edition of the European top-tier level professional basketball club competition FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague). The Final was held at the Pionir Hall, in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, on April 7, 1977. Maccabi Elite Tel Aviv defeated Mobilgirgi Varese, by a score of 78–77. This year saw a competition system change, as FIBA opted to replace classic knock-out round qualifications with a group stage.

European professional club basketball system
Professional men's basketball clubs in Europe can compete in a number of different competitions, including national leagues, regional (multi-national) leagues, and continental competitions. It is therefore possible for clubs from some countries to take part in several levels of competition in the same season. Clubs usually qualify for European competitions through performance in their national or regional leagues, with the exception of wild cards.
If the Devil Danced (In Empty Pockets)
"If the Devil Danced (In Empty Pockets)" is a song written by Ken Spooner and Kim Williams, and recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie.  The song reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.  It was released in April 1991 as the third single from his debut album, A Thousand Winding Roads.

A Thousand Winding Roads
A Thousand Winding Roads is the debut studio album by American country music artist Joe Diffie. The album's title is derived from a line in its lead-off single "Home", which reached #1 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in late 1990. Other singles from this album include "If You Want Me To" (#2) "If the Devil Danced (In Empty Pockets)" (#1), and "New Way (To Light Up an Old Flame)" (#2). "There Goes The Neighborhood" would later be recorded by Shania Twain on her debut album and "Stranger in Your Eyes" would later be recorded by Ken Mellons on his 1995 album, Where Forever Begins.
1955 Constitution of Ethiopia
Emperor Haile Selassie proclaimed a revised constitution in November 1955 of the Ethiopian Empire. The new constitution was intended to improve Ethiopia's international image. While it consolidated the Emperor's absolutist powers, it introduced concepts such as the separation of powers and expanded the role of the Imperial Parliament of Ethiopia. It was abrogated in 1974 with the Ethiopian revolution of that year which resulted in the abolition of the monarchy by the Derg.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.