hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Corbett
Christopher Corbett is an American author and journalist. He has written for Associated Press, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post and The Philadelphia Inquirer.  Since 1995, Corbett has written The Back Page for Baltimore Style Magazine.

He is currently an English professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC).

University of Maryland, Baltimore County
The University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) is a public research university in Catonsville, Maryland, United States. It had a fall 2025 enrollment of 13,530 students. In 2019, it had 61 undergraduate majors, over 92 graduate programs (38 master, 25 doctoral, and 29 graduate certificate programs) and the first university research park in Maryland. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity".

Established as a part of the University System of Maryland in 1966, the university became the first public college or university in Maryland to be inclusive of all races. UMBC has the fourth highest enrollment of the University System of Maryland, specializing in natural sciences and engineering, as well as programs in the liberal arts and social sciences.  Its athletic teams are known as the UMBC Retrievers and participate in the America East Conference.
Cobh Heritage Centre
The Cobh Heritage Centre is a museum located in Cobh, County Cork, Ireland. It is attached to Cobh railway station.

The "Queenstown Experience", located at the centre, has mostly permanent exhibitions of Irish history. The centre has held exhibits on life in Ireland through the 18th and 19th centuries, mass emigration, the Great Famine, Cork Harbour's defences, on penal transportation to Australia, and on the sinking of the RMS Lusitania. It also has displays on the history of the RMS Titanic, whose last port of call was at Cobh (then Queenstown). The centre also hosts temporary exhibitions and, for example, hosted exhibits on John Philip Holland (loaned from the County Louth Museum) in 2000.

The centre is a tourist destination, including with visitors from cruise ships, which often dock in Cobh. The centre has two onsite gift shops and a café.

The building was damaged on 5 May 1995, when a train arriving at Cobh failed to stop, and crashed through the wall.

John Philip Holland
John Philip Holland (Irish: Seán Pilib Ó hUallacháin/Ó Maolchalann; February 24, 1841 – August 12, 1914) was an Irish marine engineer who developed the first submarine to be formally commissioned by the US Navy, USS Holland (SS-1) and the first Royal Navy submarine, Holland 1.
Radnor station (SEPTA Metro)
Radnor station is a SEPTA Metro rapid transit station in Radnor, Pennsylvania. It is in Radnor Township.

It serves the M and is located on King of Prussia Road. All trains stop at Radnor. The station is located near the Paoli/Thorndale Line Radnor station, and is close to Radnor High School and Archbishop John Carroll High School. Trains running northwest of this station cross under the Keystone Corridor (Philadelphia to Harrisburg Main Line) that carries the Paoli/Thorndale Line as well as Amtrak's Pennsylvanian and Keystone Service trains. The station lies 7.9 track miles (12.7 km) from 69th Street Terminal. The station has off-street parking available.

Radnor High School
Radnor High School is a public high school in Radnor, Pennsylvania. Of all high schools in Pennsylvania, Radnor is ranked 3rd by U.S. News & World Report, and 1st by the Pennsylvania Department of Education.
Dominik Nothnagel
Dominik Nothnagel (born 28 December 1994) is a German footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for VfB Stuttgart II.

In 2011, he earned a single cap for the German national under-18 team. He made his professional debut in the 3. Liga on 20 July 2013 for Borussia Dortmund II against VfB Stuttgart II. A year later he signed for Würzburger Kickers.

3. Liga
The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.

The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
House of Ávalos
The House of Ávalos (also mentioned in sources as Dávalos, Ávalos, Ábalos, de Ávalos, Avalo, Abalón) is an aristocratic family of Spanish origin that also branched out in Italy starting from the 15th century. The Italian branch of the family was the owner of numerous fiefs in the Kingdom of Naples until the abolition of feudalism and in the Duchy of Milan, including within it several notable figures in the political, military and ecclesiastical fields.

The d'Avalos family also had, in the person of Cesare Michelangelo d'Avalos, the title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire and the right to mint coins. The family held the title (although it became substantially honorific in the mid-16th century) of Grand Chamberlain or Camerlengo, one of the Seven Great Offices of the Kingdom of Naples, for 195 years.

Vasto
Vasto (Abruzzese: lù Uàštë; Ancient Greek: Ἱστόνιον, romanized: Histonion, Latin: Histonium) is a comune on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti, in southern Abruzzo, Italy. During the Middle Ages it was called Guastaymonis,  Vasto d'Aimone or Waste d'Aimone. Fascist Italy called the city Istonio, but it was renamed Vasto in 1944.
Stanley (SMJR) railway station
Stanley railway station was located in the Scottish village of Stanley, Perthshire and was opened in 1848 and closed in 1857, when the new station of Stanley Junction was built to the north in the location where the junction where the Perth and Dunkeld Railway diverged from the Scottish Midland Junction Railway running between Perth and Arbroath.

Perth and Dunkeld Railway
The Perth and Dunkeld Railway was a Scottish railway company. It was built from a junction with the Scottish Midland Junction Railway at Stanley, north of Perth, to a terminus at Birnam, on the south bank of the River Tay opposite Dunkeld.

It was promoted by local landed proprietors, and opened in 1856. As a minor branch line inconveniently serving a modest town, its financial performance was poor. However, when a railway line from Inverness to Perth was promoted, the Dunkeld line was taken as part of the new route, which opened in 1863; the Perth and Dunkeld Railway Company ceased to exist, and the line was now part of the Inverness and Perth Junction Railway.

The original line of the P&DR continues in use today, an intrinsic part of the Highland Main Line.
Temmerman
Temmerman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Els De Temmerman (born 1962), Belgian journalist

Gilbert Temmerman (1928–2012), Belgian politician

Marleen Temmerman (born 1953), Belgian politician

Gilbert Temmerman
Gilbert Temmerman (February 25, 1928 – January 19, 2012) was a Belgian politician. He served as a member of the Belgian Federal Parliament from 1971 to 1989. In 1989, Temmerman became the first Socialist Mayor of the city of Ghent, in the country's Flemish region. He held the office of mayor from 1989 to 1994. Additionally, was appointed a Minister of State in 1992.

Gilbert Temmerman died on January 19, 2012, at the age of 83.
Elfric Wells Chalmers Kearney
Elfric Wells Chalmers Kearney (3 February 1881 – 15 April 1966) was an Australian inventor, engineer and author. Born in Geelong, Victoria in 1881, he spent most of his life in the United Kingdom.  He was educated briefly at Ellesmere College, Shropshire during 1894 but left in October on account of ill health (he suffered chronic asthma and bronchitis).

His work focussed on railway engineering and he was managing director of the Kearney Railway Construction Company Ltd.

Railway engineering
Railway engineering is the discipline of engineering which concerns the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of railways and rail transportation systems. It includes a wide range of engineering disciplines, including (but not limited to) civil engineering, computer engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering and production engineering.
Evans Chebet
Evans Kiplagat Chebet (born 10 November 1988) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in road races. In 2022, he became the third man this century to win both the Boston Marathon and New York City Marathon. Chebet successfully defended his title at the 2023 Boston Marathon for his third consecutive World Marathon Major victory in a row. He finished third at the 2016 Berlin Marathon.

In September 2019, after finishing in the top six of every marathon he had finished, Chebet won his first international race, the Buenos Aires Marathon, in a time of 2:05:00. The year after, in March 2020, he won the Lake Biwa Marathon with 2:07:29. In December of the same year, he lowered his personal best by exactly two minutes and set a world lead when he won the 2020 Valencia Marathon in 2:03:00, kicking down Lawrence Cherono and winning by four seconds.

2023 Boston Marathon
The 2023 Boston Marathon was a marathon race held in Boston, Massachusetts, on April 17, 2023. It was the 127th official running of the race, and 125th time it was run on course (excluding the virtual event of 2020, and the ekiden of 1918). It also marked the 10th anniversary of the Boston Marathon bombing. The field was limited to 30,000 runners.
AFC Welwyn
AFC Welwyn is a football club from Welwyn, Hertfordshire, England. They are currently members of the Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division (step 5), for the 2025/26 season, and are temporarily playing at the Focus Community Stadium in Hemel Hempstead.

Hemel Hempstead
Hemel Hempstead (/ˌhɛməl ˈhɛmpstɪd/) is a town in the Dacorum district of Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24 miles (39 km) north-west of London; nearby towns and cities include Watford, St Albans and Berkhamsted. The population at the 2021 census was 95,961.

Hemel Hempstead has existed since at least the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in 1539. It has expanded and developed in recent decades after being designated as a New Town after the end of the Second World War.
Li Xiao (writer)
Li Xiao (born Li Xiaotang on 28 July 1950) is a Chinese writer based in Shanghai. He is the son of writer Ba Jin.

Born in Shanghai, Li worked in the countryside of Anhui during the Cultural Revolution for 8 years as a sent-down youth. After the Cultural Revolution, Li attended Fudan University.

Li Xiao's 1994 novel Rules of a Clan (门规) was adapted into a 1995 film Shanghai Triad directed by Zhang Yimou.

Fudan University
Fudan University (FDU) is a public university in Yangpu, Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education and is co-funded with the Shanghai Municipal Government. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was originally founded by the Chinese Jesuit priest Ma Xiangbo in 1905. It is a member of the C9 League.
Mekoy
Mekoy (Amharic: መኮይ) is a town in north-eastern Ethiopia, located in the Antsokiyana Gemza woreda of the Semien Shewa Zone in the Amhara Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 10°43′N 39°45′E﻿ / ﻿10.717°N 39.750°E﻿ / 10.717; 39.750. It is the administrative center of Antsokiya na Gemza woreda. The town is to be served by a station on the Awash–Weldiya Railway.

Based on figures from the 2007 census in 2005, Mekoy has an estimated total population of 6,619, of whom 3,249 were males and 3,370 were females.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Lambada
Lambada (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciationⓘ) is a dance from the state of Pará in Brazil. The dance briefly became internationally popular in the 1980s, especially in the Philippines, Latin America and Caribbean countries. It has adopted aspects of dances such as maxixe, carimbó, forró, salsa and merengue.

Lambada is generally a partner dance. The dancers generally dance with arched legs, with the steps being from side to side, turning or even swaying, and in its original form never front to back, with a pronounced movement of the hips. At the time when the dance became popular, short skirts for women were in fashion and men wore long trousers, and the dance has become associated with such clothing, especially for women wearing short skirts that swirl up when the woman spins around, typically revealing 90s-style thong underwear.

Zouk
Zouk is a musical movement and dance pioneered by the French Antillean band Kassav' in the early 1980s. It was originally characterized by a fast tempo (120–145 bpm), a percussion-driven rhythm, and a loud horn section. Musicians from Martinique and Guadeloupe eventually added MIDI instrumentation to their compas style, which developed into a genre called zouk-love. Zouk-love is effectively the French Lesser Antilles' compas, and it gradually became indistinguishable from compas.
Paul Craig (politician)
Paul Edward Craig (December 29, 1920 – August 26, 2005) was an American politician.

Paul Craig was born near Hudson and Reinbeck, Iowa, on December 29, 1920, to parents William Craig and Golda Walker. He had four siblings. Paul Craig graduated from Reinbeck High School in May 1940, and enlisted in the United States Navy in December 1941. Following the end of World War II and his discharge in December 1945, Craig attended the University of Iowa for the 1946-47 academic year before starting work for Northwestern Bell.

At the time of his election to the Iowa House of Representatives in 1964, Craig had worked for Northwestern Bell for fifteen years. He held the multi-member District 51 seat as a Democrat from January 11, 1965 to January 8, 1967.

Upon leaving the state house, Craig returned to Northwestern Bell. He retired to Tempe, Arizona, where his son lived, after three decades with the company. Craig died in Mesa on August 26, 2005.

Mesa, Arizona
Mesa (/ˈmeɪsə/ ⓘ MAY-sə) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. The population was 504,258 at the 2020 census. It is the third-most populous city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the 37th-most populous city in the U.S., and the most populous city that is not a county seat (except for independent cities Washington, D.C. and Baltimore which are not part of any county). It is the most populous city in the East Valley of the Phoenix metropolitan area. It borders Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south along with Queen Creek, and Apache Junction on the east.

At least ten colleges and universities were located in Mesa, as is the Mesa Arizona Temple, one of the first LDS temples constructed outside of Utah. The city is home to the largest relief airport in the Phoenix area, Mesa Gateway Airport, located in the southeastern corner of the city.
Afghanistan '11
Afghanistan '11 is a turn-based strategy computer wargame developed in 2017 by Every Single Soldier, and published by Slitherine Software. Set during the War in Afghanistan, the player controls an American forward operating base who is tasked with capturing a series of villages from the Taliban, while winning the hearts and minds of the local population, and then transferring control of the area to the Afghan National Army.

Slitherine Software
Slitherine Software UK Limited (also known as Slitherine Strategies) is a British video game developer and publisher founded on 25 June 2000. It is responsible for the production of a range of over 200 strategy and war video games. Slitherine developed and/or published a number of licensed games with brands including Battlestar Galactica, Warhammer 40,000, Starship Troopers, Horrible Histories and The History Channel. It also produces rules for a series of tabletop wargames called Field of Glory.
Luigi Cantone
Luigi Cantone (July 21, 1917 – November 6, 1997) was an Italian fencer and Olympic champion in épée competition.

He received a gold medal in épée individual at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. He received a silver medal in épée team.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Zakarias Martin Toftezen
Zakarias Martin Toftezen (September 17, 1821 – August 13, 1901) was an early pioneer in the Oregon Territory and the first Norwegian immigrant to settle in the area which would later become the State of Washington.

Toftezen was from Levanger in Nordre Trondheim county, Norway. In late 1849, he first arrived on Whidbey Island. He filed his land claim in 1851, taking 320 acres in what is now Oak Harbor. He was joined by his mother Emmerence (1792–1871) and sister Bernhardine (1822–1906) in 1865.  His brother Ole Christian Toftezen (1816–1884) and family arrived in the area during 1874.

Toftezen died in 1901 and was buried at the Our Saviour's Lutheran Church Cemetery in Stanwood, Washington. A monument was erected by the Pioneer Historical Society of the Stillaguamish Valley and the Sons of Norway of America on May 27, 1939. The memorial dedication was attended by Crown Prince Olav of Norway.

Levanger (town)
Levangerⓘ (Norwegian) or Levangke. (Southern Sami) is a town and the administrative center of Levanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The university town is located along the eastern shore of the Trondheimsfjorden, at the mouth of the river Levangselva. The town is located about half-way between the towns of Steinkjer and Stjørdalshalsen. Prior to 1962, Levanger Municipality was coterminous with the town of Levanger and its immediate vicinity, but since 1962, the town has just been once small area within a much larger municipality. The town houses a campus of the Nord University.

The 5.32-square-kilometre (1,310-acre) town has a population (2024) of 10,813 and a population density of 2,033 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,270/sq mi).
Alicia Hempleman-Adams
Alicia Nicole Hempleman-Adams MBE (born 8 November 1989) holds the record for the youngest person to have reached the North Pole when she was flown there to meet her father at the age of eight. On 13 April 2005 she became the youngest person to traverse Baffin Island, aged 15.

Hempleman-Adams took 10 days to walk and ski 200 miles across Baffin Island in north-east Canada.  Hempleman-Adams and her three companions had to battle a wind chill factor of minus 30C, thin ice and open water along the trek.

In February 2020 Hempleman-Adams set the World Female Altitude Record in an AX4 Class hot air balloon, at 4628m, and the British Female Duration Record at 1h 46min in the same flight.

She attended Stonar School in Atworth, Wiltshire, and studied fashion at the University of Creative Arts (University of London) in Epsom. She works in logistics in the fashion industry.

Baffin Island
Baffin Island (formerly Baffin Land and also James Island), in the Canadian territory of Nunavut, is the largest island in Canada, the second-largest island in the Americas (behind Greenland), and the fifth-largest island in the world. Its area is 507,451 km2 (195,928 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Thailand) with a population density of 0.026/km2 (0.067/sq mi); the population was 13,039 according to the 2021 Canadian census; and it is located at 68°N 70°W﻿ / ﻿68°N 70°W﻿ / 68; -70﻿ (Baffin Island). Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, is located on Frobisher Bay on the southern tip of the island.
Nepalese two-hundred-fifty-rupee note
The Nepalese two-hundred-fifty-rupee banknote (रु 250) was a special commemorative denomination of the Nepalese rupee, first issued in 1997. It was released to mark the Silver Jubilee (25 years) of King Birendra's coronation and was circulated in limited quantities throughout Nepal.

As a commemorative banknote, the रु.250 was not intended for long-term circulation and remains a notable collectible in Nepal's currency history.

Rupee
Rupee (UK: /ˌruːˈpiː/, US: /ˈruːpiː/) is the common name for the currencies of India,  Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, Seychelles, and Sri Lanka, and of former currencies of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, the United Arab Emirates (as the Gulf rupee), British East Africa, Burma, German East Africa (as Rupie/Rupien), and Tibet. In Indonesia and the Maldives, the unit of currency is known as rupiah and rufiyaa respectively, cognates of the word rupee.

The Indian rupee and Pakistani rupee are subdivided into one hundred paise (singular paisa) or pice. The Nepalese rupee (रू) subdivides into one hundred paisa (singular and plural) or four sukaas. The Mauritian, Seychellois, and Sri Lankan rupees subdivide into 100 cents.
Vision rehabilitation
Vision rehabilitation (often called vision rehab) is a term for a medical rehabilitation to improve independent living skills in individuals with low vision or blindness. In other words, it is the process of restoring functional ability and improving quality of life and independence in an individual who has lost visual function through illness or injury. Some visual rehabilitation services are focused on low vision, which is a visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected by regular eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. Low vision interferes with the ability to perform everyday activities. Visual impairment is caused by factors including brain damage, vision loss, and others. Of the vision rehabilitation techniques available, most center on neurological and physical approaches. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, "Provision of, or referral to, vision rehabilitation is now the standard of care for all who experience vision loss.."

American Academy of Ophthalmology
The American Academy of Ophthalmology is a professional medical association of ophthalmologists. It is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Its membership of 32,000 medical doctors includes more than 90 percent of practicing ophthalmologists in the United States as well as over 7,000 members abroad.

The academy's stated mission is "to protect sight and empower lives by serving as an advocate for patients and the public, leading ophthalmic education, and advancing the profession of ophthalmology."