hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolai Ivanov (general)
Nikolai Iudovich Ivanov (Russian: Никола́й Иу́дович Ива́нов; 3 August [O.S. 22 July] 1851 – 27 January 1919) was a Russian artillery general in the Imperial Russian Army. In July 1914, Ivanov was given command of four armies in the Southwestern Front against the Austro-Hungarian army, winning a major battle of Galicia. During the Russian Revolution of March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II ordered Ivanov to suppress the revolutionaries but as promised reinforcements failed to come to his aid, he canceled the aborted mission. In 1917, he retired but a year later took command of the White Army. In 1919, Ivanov died of typhus in Southern Russia.

Southern Russia
Southern Russia or the South of Russia (Russian: Юг России, IPA: [juk rɐˈsʲiɪ]) is a colloquial term for the southernmost geographic portion of European Russia. The term is generally used to refer to the region of Russia's Southern Federal District and North Caucasian Federal District.

The term is informal and does not conform to any official areas of the Russian Federation as designated by the Russian Classification on Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO).
Georges Marchais
Georges René Louis Marchais (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ(ə) ʁəne lwi maʁʃɛ]; 7 June 1920 – 16 November 1997) was the head of the French Communist Party (PCF) from 1972 to 1994, and a candidate in the 1981 French presidential election.

Seine (department)
Seine (French: [sɛn] ⓘ) is a former department of France (1795–1968), which encompassed Paris and its immediate suburbs. Named after the river Seine which flowed through it, it was the only enclaved department of France, being surrounded entirely by the former Seine-et-Oise department.

Its prefecture was Paris; its INSEE number was 75 (now Paris). When the Seine department was disbanded its territory was divided among four new departments: Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne.
Central Sugar Mill Ruins
Central Sugar Mill Ruins is a heritage-listed former sugar cane mill at Old Mill Road, Yengarie, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1866 to 1890s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 December 2005.

Sugarcane mill
A sugar cane mill is a factory that processes sugar cane to produce raw sugar or plantation white sugar. Some sugar mills are situated next to a back-end refinery, that turns raw sugar into (refined) white sugar.

The term is also used to refer to the equipment that crushes the sticks of sugar cane to extract the juice.
Jasper
Jasper, an aggregate of microgranular quartz and/or cryptocrystalline chalcedony and other mineral phases, is an opaque, impure variety of silica, usually red, yellow, brown or green in color; and rarely blue. The common red color is due to iron(III) inclusions. Jasper breaks with a smooth surface and is used for ornamentation or as a gemstone. It can be highly polished and is used for items such as vases, seals, and snuff boxes. The density of jasper is typically 2.5 to 2.9 g/cm3. Jaspillite is a banded-iron-formation rock that often has distinctive bands of jasper.

Jaspillite
Jaspillite (or jaspilite), also called itabirite or jasper taconite, is a chemical rock formed similar to chert, but is generally quite iron-rich. Jaspillite is typically a banded mixture of hematite and quartz common in the banded iron formation rocks of Proterozoic and Archaean age in the Canadian Shield.

Jaspillite is also formed as exhalative chemical sediments in certain lead-zinc ore deposits, and as a hydrothermal alteration facies around submarine volcanism.
It is used as a gemstone.
Lake Chivero
Lake Chivero (formerly Lake McIlwaine) is a reservoir on the Manyame River in Zimbabwe.

Located southwest of Harare, it provides the main water supply for the city. The lake was constructed over two-and-a-half years and opened to the public in 1952. The dam wall is 400 metres long.

The water is also used for irrigation purposes and commercial fishing. Some of the fishes that are found in the lake include common grass carp, tigerfish, black bream, Clarias gariepinus, yellowfish, and green-headed bream.

The lake and hinterland are protected as part of Lake Chivero Recreational Park. The lake was designated a Ramsar wetland of international importance on 3 January 2013.

Remembrance Island is a small island in the reservoir.

Grass carp
The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a species of large herbivorous freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, native to the Pacific Far East, with a native range stretching from northern Vietnam to the Amur River on the Sino-Russian border. This Asian carp is the only species of the genus Ctenopharyngodon.

Grass carp are resident fish of large turbid rivers and associated floodplain lakes/wetlands with a wide range of temperature tolerance, and spawn at temperatures of 20 to 30 °C (68 to 86 °F). It has been cultivated as a food fish in China for centuries, being known as one of the "Four Great Domestic Fish" (Chinese: 四大家鱼), but was later introduced to Europe and the United States for aquatic weed control, becoming the fish species with the largest reported farmed production globally, over five million tonnes per year.
That Is Mahalakshmi
That Is Mahalakshmi is an unreleased Indian Telugu-language comedy drama film directed by Prasanth Varma, produced by Manu Kumaran and Parul Yadav. The film is a remake of the 2014 Hindi film Queen. The film stars Tamannaah Bhatia in the role, with Shibani Dandekar and Siddhu Jonnalagadda playing supporting roles. The film encountered problems at every stage, from production to distribution, resulting in numerous delays and ultimately preventing its release.

Prasanth Varma
Prasanth Varma Penmetsa is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Telugu cinema. He is best known for directing Awe (2018), Kalki (2019), Zombie Reddy (2021) and Hanu-Man (2024). The lattermost is his highest-grosser and has won the National Film Award for Best Film in AVGC. He is also the co-founder of Scriptsville, an organization dedicated to supporting screenwriting in Telugu cinema.
Velama
Velama are a Hindu caste found mainly in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The term "Velama" was first recorded for the community in a 17th century inscription. The text "Velugoti Vari Vamsavali" documents the medieval military history of Velama rulers.

Nuzvid
Nuzvid, natively spelled Nuzividu or Nuziveedu is a city in the Eluru district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It serves as the administrative headquarters for Nuzvid mandal and Nuzvid revenue division.
Lake trout
The lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) is a freshwater char living mainly in lakes in Northern North America. Other names for it include mackinaw, namaycush, lake char (or charr), touladi, togue, laker, and grey trout. In Lake Superior, it can also be variously known as siscowet, paperbelly and lean. The lake trout is prized both as a game fish and as a food fish.  Those caught with dark coloration may be called mud hens.

Game fish
Game fish, sport fish or quarry refer to popular fish species pursued by recreational fishers (typically anglers), and can be freshwater or saltwater fish.  Game fish can be eaten after being caught, preserved as taxidermy (though rare), or released after capture.  Some game fish are also targeted commercially, particularly less bony species such as salmon and tuna.

Specimens of game fish whose measurements (body length and weight) significantly exceed the species' average are sometimes known as trophy fish, as such captures are often presented as bragging rights among fishers.
C. Hayavadana Rao
Rao Bahadur Conjeevaram Hayavadana Rao (10 July 1865 – 27 January 1946) was an Indian historian, museologist, anthropologist, economist and polyglot. He was a member of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Indian Historical Records Commission and a fellow of the Royal Society of Economics.
A road near Ashram Citcle (Basavanagudi), Bengaluru "Sri Hayavadana Rao Road" is named in his honour.

Museology
Museology (also called museum studies or museum science) is the study of museums. It explores the history of museums and their role in society, as well as the activities they engage in, including curating, preservation, public programming, and education.
George Manners-Sutton
George Manners-Sutton (1 August 1751 – 15 February 1804) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons  from 1774 to 1804.

Manners-Sutton was the eldest son of Lord George Manners-Sutton and educated at Eton School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He succeeded his father in 1783, inheriting Kelham Hall near Newark.

He was returned as Member of Parliament for Newark from 1774 to 1780, and then for Grantham, a Manners family borough, until 1802, when he was returned for Bramber.

He died unmarried in 1804; his heir was his brother John Manners-Sutton.

Grantham (UK Parliament constituency)
Grantham was a Parliamentary constituency in Lincolnshire, England.

The constituency was created in 1468 as a parliamentary borough which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until the union with Scotland, and then to the Parliament of Great Britain until the Act of Union 1800 established the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The parliamentary borough had its representation reduced to one MP in 1885, and was finally abolished in 1918, the name transferring to a new county division which elected one MP. The county constituency was abolished for the 1997 election, and the area formerly covered by this constituency is now mostly in Sleaford and North Hykeham. Grantham became part of the new constituency of Grantham and Stamford.

The 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies proposes to re-establish the seat in its revised proposal.
Woodcraft (youth movement)
Woodcraft is a recreational/educational program devised by Ernest Thompson Seton in 1902, for young people based on camping, outdoor skills, and woodcrafts. Thompson Seton's Woodcraft ideas were incorporated into the early Scout movement, but also in many other organisations in many countries.

Ernest Thompson Seton
Ernest Thompson Seton (born Ernest Evan Thompson; August 14, 1860 – October 23, 1946) was a Canadian and American author, wildlife artist, founder of the Woodcraft Indians in 1902 (renamed Woodcraft League of America), and one of the founding pioneers of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) in 1910.

Seton also influenced Lord Baden-Powell, the founder of the Scouting movement. His writings were published in the United Kingdom, Canada, the US, and the USSR; his notable books related to Scouting include The Birch Bark Roll and the Boy Scout Handbook. He incorporated what he believed to be American Indian elements into the traditions of the BSA.
Moelfre (hill)
Moelfre is a large hill in Wales on the far western edge of the Snowdonia National Park, 3 miles (4.8 km) from the village of Dyffryn Ardudwy, 5 miles (8.0 km) from the village of Llanbedr and about 10 miles (16 km) from the town of Harlech. It forms part of the Rhinogydd range. Moelfre reaches a height of 589 metres (1,932 ft).

Moelfre is a prominent peak that separates Cwm Nantcol from Ysgethin Valley. Moelfre is also known for a legend of three women who worked on the sabbath and were turned into standing stones.

Llanbedr
Llanbedr (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village  and community 2.8 miles (4.5 km) south of Harlech. Administratively, it lies in the Ardudwy area, formerly Meirionnydd, of the county of Gwynedd, Wales. In 2011 the community had a population of 645.
Sestanovich
Sestanovich is a Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Sestanovich (born 1981), English footballer

Stephen Sestanovich (born 1950), American government official, academic, and author

Stephen Sestanovich
Stephen Rockwell Sestanovich (born June 8, 1950) is an American government official, academic, and author. He is the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Professor at the School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University where he is the Director of the International Fellows Program. His areas of expertise include Russia and the former Soviet Union, the Caucasus and Central Asia, and U.S. foreign policy.
Culture of Sheffield
Sheffield has a growing cultural reputation. 7.2% of Sheffield's working population are employed in the creative industries, well above the national average of 4%. The music scene has produced many music acts during the last 25 years. It is also home to the largest theatre complex outside London. The council has attempted to build upon these foundations with the creation of the Cultural Industries Quarter. Sheffield made the shortlist for the first city to be designated UK City of Culture, but in July 2010 it was announced that Derry had been selected.

Crucible Theatre
The Crucible Theatre, or simply The Crucible, is a theatre in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, which opened in 1971. Its name refers to crucible steel, which was developed in Sheffield in 1740 and drove the industrialisation of the city.

In addition to regular theatrical performances, the theatre also serves as a sports venue, having hosted the World Snooker Championship annually since 1977. The Guardian newspaper has called the Crucible the "spiritual home of snooker". The World Women's Snooker Championship and the World Seniors Championship have also been staged at the venue.

In May 2022, proposed plans were unveiled to build a new 3,000-seat venue nearby with a bridge connecting the two buildings.
Burton Edward Livingston
Burton Edward Livingston (February 9, 1875 – February 8, 1948) was an American plant physiologist, born at Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was educated at the University of Michigan (B.S., 1898) and the University of Chicago (Ph.D., 1902), where he worked as an assistant from 1899 to 1905. He published Róle of Diffusion and Osmotic Pressure in Plants (1903). In 1913, Livingston became the professor of plant physiology at Johns Hopkins University. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914. He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as the Society for Science and the Public, from 1930 to 1937. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1933.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Maximilian Perty
Josef Anton Maximilian Perty (17 September 1804, Ornbau – 8 August 1884, Bern) was a German naturalist and entomologist. He was a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Bern. His first name is sometimes spelled as "Joseph".

He studied natural sciences and medicine in Landshut, earning his medical doctorate in 1826. Afterwards, he obtained his PhD at Erlangen with a thesis on a previously unknown species of beetle, and in 1831 became privat-docent of zoology and general natural history at the University of Munich. From 1833 to 1876, he was a professor at the University of Bern.

He conducted investigative studies of arthropods collected by Johann Baptist von Spix and Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius from an expedition in Brazil. In 1862, the botanical genus Pertya was named in his honor by Carl Heinrich "Bipontinus" Schultz.

University of Bern
The University of Bern (German: Universität Bern, French: Université de Berne, Latin: Universitas Bernensis) is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern. It was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the canton of Bern. It is a comprehensive university offering a broad choice of courses and programs in eight faculties and some 150 institutes. With around 19,000 students, the University of Bern is the third largest university in Switzerland.
2024 Taolu World Cup
The 2024 Taolu World Cup (Japanese: 第３回武術太極拳ワールドカップ大会) was the third edition of the Taolu World Cup. It was held at the Yokohama Buntai in Yokohama, Japan, from October 26 to 27, 2024. Qualification was done through the 2023 World Wushu Championships and the 2024 Wushu International Invitational Tournament.

Taolu World Cup
The Taolu World Cup is an elite-level international sports championship hosted by the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) for the sport of wushu taolu. Athletes qualify by placing in the top-eight of a standard taolu event at the prior World Wushu Championships. Renditions in 2016 and 2018 have been held so far with the 3rd Taolu World Cup being rescheduled first for 2022, but later for 2024.
Mauricio de Narváez
Mauricio de Narváez (born 18 May 1941) is a Colombian former racing driver. He competed in the 24 Hours of Le Mans between 1981 and 1985 for Joest Racing, resulting 4th overall in 1983 driving a Porsche 956. He won the 1984 12 Hours of Sebring as an owner-driver in a Porsche 935, joined by Hans Heyer and Stefan Johansson.

De Narváez has been the president of the Colombian Touring & Automobile Club since 2013. He is also an executive in FIA and NACAM.

Porsche 956
The Porsche 956 was a Group C sports-prototype racing car designed by Norbert Singer and built by Porsche in 1982 for the FIA World Sportscar Championship. It was later upgraded to the 956B in 1984. In 1983, driven by Stefan Bellof, this car established a record that would stand for 35 years, lapping the famed 20.832 km (12.93 mi) Nürburgring Nordschleife in 6:11.13 during qualifying for the 1000 km Sports Car race. The record was finally surpassed by Timo Bernhard in a derestricted Porsche 919 Evo on 29 June 2018.
Quebec Cancer Foundation
The Quebec Cancer Foundation (French: Fondation québécoise du cancer) is a Quebec non-profit organization that aims to improve care to Quebecers suffering from cancer, enhance the quality of life for people with cancer and that their relatives, as well as to educate the population on the fight against cancer in Quebec. This foundation is present in Montreal, Quebec, Sherbrooke, Gatineau and Trois-Rivières. The Quebec Cancer Foundation is a member of the International Union against Cancer and the Coalition Priority Cancer in Quebec. The foundation mainly raises funds through donations and fundraising social activities and events. The Chairman of the Board of the foundation is Dr. Philippe Sauthier, MD as of July 5, 2023.

Gatineau
Gatineau (/ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; French: [ɡatino] ⓘ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041. Gatineau is also part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth largest in Canada.

Gatineau is coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the judicial district of Hull.

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.
Jeopardy! Australia
Jeopardy! Australia is an Australian quiz show based on Jeopardy! and is a second revival version of the show. The show is broadcast on the Nine Network, produced jointly by Sony Pictures Television (through Whisper North) and Network 10 (through Paramount Global Content Distribution), premiering on 20 April 2024, featuring contestants who are Australian expatriates in the United Kingdom and Europe. Stephen Fry is the show's presenter.

Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television Inc. (abbreviated as SPT) is an American television production and distribution studio and the television arm of Sony Pictures Entertainment, the film studio subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. Established on September 16, 2002 and based at the Sony Pictures Studios complex in Culver City, California, it is a renaming of the Columbia TriStar Television studio and the fourth and current iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
2014–15 Belgian Cup
The 2014–15 Belgian Cup is the 60th season of Belgian's annual football cup competition. The competition began on 26 July 2014 and ended with the final on 22 March 2015. The winners of the competition will qualify for the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League play-off round. Lokeren are the defending champions.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
R427 road (Ireland)
The R427 road is a regional road in Ireland, which runs southwest-northeast from the R425 in County Laois to the R417 in County Kildare.

En route it passes through Vicarstown and Stradbally and crosses the Grand Canal and the River Barrow. The route is 21 km (13 mi) long.

Grand Canal (Ireland)
The Grand Canal (Irish: An Chanáil Mhór) is the southernmost of a pair of canals that connect Dublin, in the east of Ireland, with the River Shannon in the west, via Tullamore and a number of other villages and towns, the two canals nearly encircling Dublin's inner city. Its sister canal on the Northside of Dublin is the Royal Canal. The last working cargo barge passed through the Grand Canal in 1960.
Ghostbusters (pinball)
Ghostbusters is a pinball machine designed by John Trudeau and released by Stern Pinball in June 2016. It is predominantly based on the first Ghostbusters film, but with some elements from Ghostbusters II.  Ernie Hudson (Winston Zeddemore) recorded custom speech and guides the player into becoming the latest member of the Ghostbusters team.

Stern (game company)
Stern is the name of two different but related arcade gaming companies. Stern Electronics, Inc. manufactured arcade video games and pinball machines from 1977 until 1985, and was best known for Berzerk. Stern Pinball, Inc., founded in 1986 as Data East Pinball, is a manufacturer of pinball machines in North America.