hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Longchuan County, Yunnan
Longchuan County (simplified Chinese: 陇川县; traditional Chinese: 隴川縣; pinyin: Lǒngchuān Xiàn; Tai Nüa: ᥔᥦᥢᥱ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥝᥢᥰ; Jingpho: Nshon Ginwang; Thai: เมืองวัน) is a county located in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan province, southwestern China.

County (China)
Counties (县) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts. There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions.

The term xian is sometimes translated as "district" or "prefecture" when put in the context of Chinese history.
Sequoyah Fuels Corporation
Sequoyah Fuels Corporation owned and operated a uranium processing plant near Gore, Oklahoma. The company was created in 1983 as a subsidiary of Kerr-McGee. In 1986 there was a rupture of an overfilled cylinder. In 1988 it was sold to General Atomics.  It was decommissioned in 1993, stopping all production.

Uranium tetrafluoride
Uranium tetrafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula UF4. It is a green solid  with an insignificant vapor pressure and low solubility in water. Uranium in its tetravalent (uranous) state is  important in various technological processes. In the uranium refining industry it is known as green salt.
Friedmann Nunataks
The Friedmann Nunataks (70°55′S 65°30′W﻿ / ﻿70.917°S 65.500°W﻿ / -70.917; -65.500) are a small group of nunataks 6 nautical miles (11 km) southeast of the Braddock Nunataks on the western margin of Dyer Plateau, Palmer Land, Antarctica. They were mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Herbert Friedmann of the Smithsonian Institution, author of Birds of the United States Antarctic Service Expedition, 1939–41 (Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 89, 1945).

Palmer Land
Palmer Land (71°30′S 065°00′W﻿ / ﻿71.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -71.500; -65.000) is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica that lies south of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This application of Palmer Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names and the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, in which the name Antarctic Peninsula was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively.  The line dividing them is roughly 69° S.
Geoffrey I, Viscount of Châteaudun
Geoffrey I (Gauzfred I) (d. after 985), possibly the son of Geoffroy, Viscount of Chartres, is the first Viscount of Châteaudun and thus regarded as the founder of the House of Châteaudun, vassal of the House of Blois.

It is assumed that Geoffrey descended from Rorgon I, Count of Maine, and therefore part of the Rogonid/Rorgonid dynasty.
Little is known about Geoffrey, other than he was closely associated with Hardouin, Archbishop of Tours.

Geoffrey married Ermengarde of an unknown family and had one child:

Hugues, Viscount of Châteaudun

Geoffrey was succeeded by his son as Viscount of Châteaudun upon his death.  There are differing accounts about Geoffrey and his offspring.  One prominent theory is that Geoffrey and Hughes were the same person, and that Ermengarde was Geoffrey’s first wife, and Hildegard, the wife of Hughes, was his second.

House of Blois
The House of Blois (French: [blwa]) was a noble family that arose in the Kingdom of West Francia in the early 10th century, and whose prominent members were often named Theobald (Thibaud, Thibault, Thibaut in French).
Spence's Hotel
Spence's Hotel was a hotel established in Kolkata in 1830. It was near the Government House. It no longer exists.

Various sources describe Spence's Hotel as either the first hotel in Asia, or in India, or in Kolkata.

The hotel is mentioned in Jules Verne's The Steam House as a place where the characters stay during a visit to Kolkata. It was the inspiration for the hotel described in the Sankar's 1962 novel Chowringhee.

On 16 January 1861 Duleep Singh met his mother Jind Kaur at the hotel. They had been separated in 1849 after the Treaty of Lahore when he was 10 years old and they reunited when he was age 22. From here, Singh brought his mother back with him to live in England. Because of political tension the British government choose Spence's Hotel as a neutral place where there was unlikely to be conflict.

Chowringhee (novel)
Chowringhee is a novel by Bengali author Sankar. First published in Bengali in 1962, the novel became a bestseller and was translated into a number of Indian languages and made into a film and a play.

It is considered arguably Sankar's most popular book, a classic novel in Bengali. The novel, translated into English by Arunava Sinha, won the Vodafone Crossword Book Award 2007 for the best translation. The novel was shortlisted for Independent Foreign Fiction Prize in 2010. This book was inspired by real incidents.
Taiwan Railway DR1000 gasoline railcar (first generation)
The  Taiwan Railway DR1000 gasoline railcar  is a railcar used by the Taiwan Railways Administration. This article describes the first generation of the DR1000 units, and also describes the 18DR1010 railcar.

Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with the generic term "railroad car" or "railway car"), or motor car is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The "self-propelled railcar" refers to a railway train consisting of a single coach (or carriage, car, unit), with a driver's cab at one or both ends. In its simplest form, a "railcar" may also be little more than a railbus or motorized draisine.

Self-powered railcars were once common in North America; these "motor cars" were often called doodlebugs. Some railway companies, such as the Great Western, termed such vehicles "railmotors" (or "rail motors"). Self-propelled passenger vehicles also capable of hauling a train are, in technical rail usage, usually called "rail motor coaches".
Khayr Pulad
Khayr Pūlād (Persian: خیر پولاد; Turki/Kypchak: خیر بولاد) or Mīr Pūlād was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1362 to 1364. He held the traditional capital Sarai during a period of civil war among rival contenders for the throne. Throughout his reign, the westernmost portion of the Golden Hode was under the control of the beglerbeg Mamai and his puppet khan ʿAbdallāh, while the easternmost portion was under the control of the heirs of Qara Nogai.

Beylerbey
Beylerbey (Ottoman Turkish: بكلربكی, romanized: beylerbeyi, lit. 'bey of beys', meaning the 'commander of commanders' or 'lord of lords’, sometimes rendered governor-general) was a high rank in the western Islamic world in the late Middle Ages and early modern period, from the Anatolian Seljuks and the Ilkhanids to Safavid Iran and the Ottoman Empire. Initially designating a commander-in-chief, it eventually came to be held by senior provincial governors. In Ottoman usage, where the rank survived the longest, it designated the governors-general of some of the largest and most important provinces, although in later centuries it became devalued into a mere honorific title. The title is originally Turkic and its equivalents in Arabic were amir al-umara, and in Persian, mir-i miran.
Ruhuhuaria
Ruhuhuaria is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonoid reptile known from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of southwestern Tanzania. Ruhuhuaria is known solely from the holotype CAMZM T997, poorly preserved but complete skull and mandible recently re-discovered in the collections of the Cambridge Museum of Zoology. It was collected by the English paleontologist Francis Rex Parrington in the early 1930s from the Lifua Member of Manda Beds of the Ruhuhu Basin in Songea Urban District of southwestern Tanzania, which dates back to the late Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic. Ruhuhuaria was first described and named by Linda Akiko Tsuji, Gabriela Sobral and Johannes Müller in 2013 and the type species is Ruhuhuaria reiszi. The generic name is derived from the name of the Ruhuhu Basin. The specific name, reiszi, honors the Canadian paleontologist Robert R. Reisz.

2013 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2013.
American Post
American Post (foaled 3 February 2001) is a British-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was one of the best two-year-olds of his generation in Europe in 2003, recovering from a narrow defeat on his debut to win his three remaining races and becoming the first horse to win both the Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère in France and the Racing Post Trophy in England. In the following spring he extended his winning run to six with victories in the Prix Omnium II, Prix de Fontainebleau and the Poule d'Essai des Poulains before finishing sixth when third favourite for the Epsom Derby. After a disappointing run in his only subsequent start he was retired from racing with a record of six wins from nine starts. According to his trainer he was exceptionally fond of carrots. He became a breeding stallion in France and has had some success as a sire of winners.

Futurity Trophy
The Futurity Trophy is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late October.
Ultravia Pelican
The Ultravia Pelican is the name given to two series of high-wing, single-engine, tractor configuration ultralight aircraft that were designed by Jean Rene Lepage and produced in kit form for amateur construction by Ultravia Aero International of Mascouche, Quebec and later Gatineau, Quebec.

Mascouche
Mascouche (/mæsˈkuːʃ/; French: [maskuʃ]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southern Quebec, Canada. The city is located on the Mascouche River within the Les Moulins Regional County Municipality and has a population of 51,183, ranking 20th among Quebec municipalities.

The name comes from Algonquin word maskutchew meaning "bear plain" in singular. Compare plural form to maskutew for the Les Maskoutains Regional County Municipality located nearby.
Yamauchi Toyonori
Marquis Yamauchi Toyonori (山内豊範, May 12, 1846 – July 13, 1886) was the 16th and final daimyō of Tosa Domain in Shikoku, Japan (modern-day Kōchi Prefecture). Before the Meiji Restoration, his courtesy title was Sakone-no-shosho, and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade.

Kōchi Prefecture
Kōchi Prefecture (高知県, Kōchi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [koꜜː.tɕi, koː.tɕi̥ꜜ.keɴ], locally [koː.tɕi]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Kōchi Prefecture has a population of 669,516 (1 April 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,103 km2 (2,742 sq mi). Kōchi Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the northwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the northeast.

Kōchi is the capital and largest city of Kōchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Nankoku, Shimanto, and Kōnan. Kōchi Prefecture is located on Japan's Pacific coast surrounding a large bay in the south of Shikoku, with the southernmost point of the island located at Cape Ashizuri in Tosashimizu. Kōchi Prefecture is home to Kōchi Castle, considered the most intact Japanese castle, and the Shimanto River, one of the few undammed rivers in Japan.
Executive Council of New Zealand
The Executive Council of New Zealand (Māori: Te Komiti Matua o Aotearoa) is the full group of "responsible advisers" to the governor-general, who advise on state and constitutional affairs. All government ministers must be appointed as executive councillors before they are appointed as ministers; therefore all members of Cabinet are also executive councillors. The governor-general signs a warrant of appointment for each member of the Executive Council, and separate warrants for each ministerial portfolio.

To be an executive councillor, one must normally be a member of Parliament (this was codified in the Constitution Act of 1986). However, one may serve up to thirty days without being in Parliament; this is to allow for the transition of members not yet sworn in and members who have retired or been defeated. Each executive councillor must take the relevant oaths or affirmations set out in legislation.

Warrant (law)
A warrant is generally an order that serves as a specific type of authorization, that is, a writ issued by a competent officer, usually a judge or magistrate, that permits an otherwise illegal act that would violate individual rights in order to enforce the law and aid in investigations; affording the person executing the writ protection from damages if the act is performed.

A warrant is usually issued by a court and is directed to a sheriff, a constable, or a police officer. Warrants normally issued by a court include search warrants, arrest warrants, and execution warrants.
Jaroslav Bořita of Martinice
Count Jaroslav Bořita of Martinice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjaroslav ˈbor̝ɪta]; Czech: Jaroslav hrabě Bořita z Martinic, German: Jaroslav Graf Borzita von Martinic/Martinitz) (6 January 1582 – 21 November 1649) was a nobleman from Bohemia. He was a representative of Emperor Ferdinand II who, along with Vilém Slavata of Chlum, was a victim in the 1618 Defenestration of Prague (also known as the Second Defenestration of Prague). In 1621 he became Bohemian Count and in 1622 he became Royal Statholder of Bohemia and Supreme Burgrave of Bohemia in 1638.

Supreme Burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia
The Supreme Burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia, originally the Burgrave of Prague or the Burgrave of Prague Castle (Czech: Nejvyšší purkrabí; German: Oberstburggraf; Latin: supremus burgravius) was the most important land official of the Kingdom of Bohemia. They were the head of the Bohemian Diet and the  Bohemian land court, and commander of the Zemská hotovost.

The supreme burgrave was appointed directly by the king, was appointed for life and could only be deposed in exceptional circumstances. The traditional seat of the supreme burgrave was the Staré purkrabství in Prague.
Exposure (sculpture)
Exposure is a steel frame sculpture in Lelystad, Netherlands, by artist Antony Gormley. The work is also known as Crouching man (Squatting man), or popularly called the Shitting Man. It is located on the Markerstrekdam near the Houtribsluizen.

Lelystad
Lelystad (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈleːlistɑt] ⓘ) is a Dutch municipality and the capital city of the province of Flevoland in the central Netherlands. The city, built on reclaimed land, was founded in 1967 and was named after Cornelis Lely, who engineered the Afsluitdijk that made the reclamation possible. Lelystad is situated approximately three metres (10 feet) below sea level.
Lehman family
The Lehman family (also Lehmann, Liehmann or Liehman) is a prominent family of Jewish German-Americans who founded the financial firm Lehman Brothers. Some were also involved in American politics. Members have married into the prominent Morgenthau, Loeb, and Bronfman families.

The family traces back to Abraham Lehmann, a cattle merchant in Rimpar, Bavaria, who changed his Yiddish (German-Jewish) surname Löw (Loeb) to the German Lehman.

Rimpar
Rimpar is a market town in the district of Würzburg in the German state of Bavaria. It is located about 10 km (6 mi) north of the City of Würzburg. The municipality includes the villages of Gramschatz and Maidbronn, incorporated in 1978.
Rancho Laguna de los Palos Colorados
Rancho Laguna de Los Palos Colorados was a 13,316-acre (53.89 km2) Mexican land grant in the Berkeley Hills (then called the Sierra de la Contra Costa, "Contra Costa Range") within present-day Contra Costa County, California.

It was given in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to Joaquín Moraga and his cousin, Juan Bernal. The name means "Ranch of the Lake of the Redwoods" in Spanish.

The rancho included the present-day Orinda, Lafayette and Moraga, as well as the communities of Canyon and Rheem.

Rheem, California
Rheem, also known as Rheem Valley and Rheem Center, is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located 7.5 miles (12 km) north-northwest of Danville, at an elevation of 587 feet (179 m). It was incorporated into the town of Moraga when that town was incorporated in 1974.

The place was named after its developer, Donald Laird Rheem, one of the founders of Rheem Manufacturing Company and the son of William Rheem, President of Standard Oil Company.
Celebrity Ex on the Beach (British TV series) series 2
The second Celebrity series of Ex on the Beach began airing on 15 February 2022. It is the twelfth series of the show overall. The series was confirmed in September 2021 when it was announced that filming had begun and would feature another full cast of celebrities rather than civilians. This series was filmed in Gran Canaria.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
Wang Chan
Wang Chan (Korean: 왕찬; born 7 September 2000) is a South Korean badminton player. As a junior player, Wang have won a silver in the boys' doubles and a bronze in the mixed doubles at the 2018 World Junior Championships. He also won bronze medals in the boys' doubles in the 2017 and 2018 Asian Junior Championships, and a silver in the mixed doubles in 2018. He also helps Korean junior team to clinched the mixed team title at the 2017 Asian Junior Championships.

2017 Badminton Asia Junior Championships – Boys' doubles
The boys' doubles tournament of the 2017 Asian Junior Badminton Championships was held from July 26 to 30. The defending champions of the last edition were Han Chengkai and Zhou Haodong from China. The Chinese pair Di Zijian and Wang Chang claim the title after defeat the No. 2 seed from South Korea Lee Sang-min and Na Sung-seung in straight games with the score 21–19, 21–11.
Hampton–Ellis Farm
Hampton–Ellis Farm, also known as William Beanis Hampton Farm and Jonah Ellis Farm, is a historic home and tobacco farm located near Bahama, Durham County, North Carolina. The farmhouse was built about 1900, as a one-story, three-bay, center hall plan dwelling. It was enlarged about 1922, with the addition of a kitchen ell. The house features a one-story, hip-roofed front porch. Contributing outbuildings include the wood shed, cannery, smokehouse, feed house, tenant house, tenant smokehouse, tenant woodshed, pack house, ordering/stripping house, and four tobacco barns. With the exception of the ordering/stripping house and three of the tobacco barns, all the outbuildings were built about 1922.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Fuerte de San García
Fuerte de San García was a fort in Algeciras, Spain, It was built in the 1730s and destroyed in 1811 to deny it to the French. Today all that remains are the foundation and base ruins, in the Parque del Centenario, but it is a registered Bien de Interés Cultural landmark

The Spanish fortifications around Gibraltar were destroyed in  1810 to deny their use by Napoleon's forces. the fortifications around the bay were removed by Portuguese sailors and this was only shortly before the French cavalry arrived in nearby San Roque. The main Spanish lines were destroyed by Colonel Sir Charles Holloway on 14 February 1810. Following the main explosion other towers were destroyed and volunteers took away the rubble.

Charles Holloway (British Army officer)
Major-General Sir Charles Holloway (17 April 1749 – 4 January 1827) was an officer in the Royal Engineers. He served at the Great Siege of Gibraltar and returned later as Commanding Royal Engineer when he destroyed the Spanish fortifications (Lines of Contravallation) between Spain and Gibraltar.
Astragalus proimanthus
Astragalus proimanthus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name precocious milkvetch. It is a narrow endemic, occurring in an area of less than 320 acres near the town of McKinnon in southwestern Sweetwater County, Wyoming. It has four known populations, including one large population of more than 20,000 individuals, and is classified by NatureServe as G1 (critically imperiled) "because of extreme rarity".

McKinnon, Wyoming
McKinnon is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 60 at the 2010 census.

The first rendezvous of white traders and trappers in the Rocky Mountains took place in July 1825, just north of McKinnon along the Henrys Fork river. They joined members of William Henry Ashley's expedition.
2024 Rafa Nadal Open – Doubles
Daniel Cukierman and Joshua Paris were the defending champions but only Paris chose to defend his title, partnering Ramkumar Ramanathan. They lost in the first round to Alberto Barroso Campos and Michael Geerts.

David Pichler and Jurij Rodionov won the title after defeating Anirudh Chandrasekar and David Vega Hernández 1–6, 6–3, [10–7] in the final.

Michael Geerts
Michael Geerts (born 17 January 1995) is a Belgian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 212 achieved on 3 April 2023. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 162 achieved on 17 October 2022. Geerts competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won one singles and five doubles titles.
Qianli chuan
Qianli chuan (Chinese: 千里船; pinyin: qiānlǐchuán; lit. 'thousand league boat') were paddle wheel boats used in medieval China. The boats were driven by human pedaling and were able to cruise hundreds of kilometers per day with no wind blowing.

Paddle wheel
A paddle wheel is a form of waterwheel or impeller in which a number of paddles are set around the periphery of the wheel.  It has several uses, of which some are:

Very low-lift water pumping, such as flooding paddy fields at no more than about 0.5 m (20 in) height above the water source.

To move and mix algae culture in the raceway ponds used for algaculture.

Propulsion of watercraft (as a paddlewheel)

Low head hydro power (as a waterwheel)

Flow sensors

Aerators

The paddle wheel is an ancient invention but is still used today in a wide range of industrial and agriculture applications.