hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Saddles State Forest
The Saddles State Forest is a state forest in New York State. The area was purchased by The Nature Conservancy and was sold to the state in 2013. The two peaks that reach 1,600 feet are purportedly the reasoning behind the naming of the forest. The forest contains over 2,250 feet of undeveloped Lake Champlain shoreline. The area is open for recreation year round. A steep unmaintained gravel road from New York State Route 22 provides access to a parking area. There are no marked DEC trails, although unmaintained logging trails and unofficial hiking paths can be found throughout the forest.

Peregrine falcons, bald eagles, and timber rattlesnakes are known to inhabit the area.

The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. As of 2021, it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US.

Founded in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has over one million members globally as of 2021 and has protected more than 119 million acres (48 million ha) of land in its history. As of 2014, it is the largest environmental non-profit organization by assets and revenue in the Americas.
Actinote zikani
Actinote zikani is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae that is endemic to Brazil. Its habitat is the Brazilian Atlantic forest at an altitude of approximately 1,000 metres (3,280 ft), located in the Serra do Mar. Considered extinct after 1981, the species was rediscovered in 1991 in the state of São Paulo, in the southeast of the country.

The species is classified as critically endangered on the national red list of Brazil by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. It is one of two butterflies on the list of the 100 Most Endangered Species in the World published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the Zoological Society of London in September 2012, the other being Parides burchellanus.

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation
The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (Portuguese: Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, ICMBio) is a government agency under the administration of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment. It is named after the environmental activist Chico Mendes. Its function is to protect, manage, and administrate protected areas within the country's territory. ICMBio is headquartered in Brasília.
Friedrich Issak
Friedrich Issak (20 November 1915, Petrograd – 11 May 1991) was an Estonian sportsman and journalist. As a javelin thrower, he won gold and bronze medals at the International University Games and was national champion of Estonia and later the Soviet Union. In addition, he played basketball and volleyball, winning national championship medals in both. He later became editor-in-chief of the culture magazine Kultuur ja Elu.

Athlete
An athlete is most commonly a person who competes in one or more sports involving physical strength, speed, power, or endurance. Sometimes the word "athlete" is used to refer specifically to sport of athletics competitors, i.e. including track and field and marathon runners but excluding e.g. swimmers, footballers or basketball players. However, in other contexts (mainly in the United States) it is used to refer to all athletics (physical culture) participants of any sport. For the latter definition, the word sportsperson or the gendered sportsman or sportswoman are also used. A third definition is also sometimes used, meaning anyone who is physically fit regardless of whether they compete in a sport.

Athletes may be professionals or amateurs. Most professional athletes have particularly well-developed physiques obtained by extensive physical training and strict exercise, accompanied by a strict dietary regimen.
Eustache de Saint Pierre (sculpture)
Eustache de Saint Pierre is a sculpture by Auguste Rodin, now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. It was conceived between 1885 and 1886 as part of his The Burghers of Calais group. The other figures in the group (Jean de Fiennes, Pierre de Wiessant, Jacques de Wiessant, Jean d´Aire and Andrieu d'Andres) were also cast as individual figures.

Museo Soumaya
The Museo Soumaya is a private museum in Mexico City and a non-profit cultural institution with two museum buildings in Mexico City — Plaza Carso and Plaza Loreto. It has over 66,000 works from 30 centuries of art including sculptures from Pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica, 19th- and 20th-century Mexican art and an extensive repertoire of works by European old masters and masters of modern western art such as Auguste Rodin, Salvador Dalí, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo and Tintoretto. It is called one of the most complete collections of its kind.

The museum is named after Soumaya Domit, who died in 1999, and was the wife of the founder of the museum Carlos Slim. The museum received an attendance of 1,095,000 in 2013, making it the most visited art museum in Mexico and the 56th in the world that year. In October 2015, the museum welcomed its five millionth visitor. The museum was designed by Slim's son-in-law, Fernando Romero's practice, fr·ee.
Nocardioides psychrotolerans
Nocardioides psychrotolerans is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Nocardioides which has been isolated from soil from the Hailuogou glacier in Sichuan Province, China.

Hailuogou
Hailuogou (Chinese: 海螺沟; pinyin: Hǎiluógōu; lit. 'Sea conch ravine'; Tibetan: དུང་དཀར་ལུང་པ, Wylie: dung dkar lung pa, THL: Dungkar Lungpa) is a glacier located in Luding County, Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China. It is a feature of Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park. The glacier is next to Moxi and over 319 km (198 mi) southwest of Chengdu. It is a 5A-level (AAAAA) tourist attraction in China. It is famous for its low-altitude modern glaciers, large ice waterfalls and alpine hot springs. The glacier originates from Mount Gongga.
Tolhuaca (volcano)
Tolhuaca Volcano is a stratovolcano straddling the border between the regions of Bío Bío and Araucanía in southern Chile. The volcano has been shaped by glacial erosion, which contrasts with the relatively smooth slopes of its neighbor Lonquimay, due to the younger age of this latter volcano.

The volcano dominates the landscape vistas of Tolhuaca National Park, but is not actually located within its borders. The volcano's slopes are covered in forests. These forests are predominantly araucaria trees among others. There are also numerous small lakes known as lagunas among the scenery.

Biobío Region
The Biobío Region (Spanish: Región del Biobío [ˌbi.oˈβi.o]) is one of Chile's sixteen regions (first-order administrative divisions). With a population of 1.5 million, thus being the third most populated region in Chile, it is divided into three provinces: Arauco, Biobío and Concepción. The latter contains its capital and largest city, Concepción, a major city and metro area in the country. Los Ángeles, capital of the Biobío Province, is another important city in the region.
Georgios Galitsios
Georgios Galitsios (Greek: Γεώργιος Γκαλίτσιος; born 6 July 1986) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a right back.
He is a right-sided defender who has made a number of appearances for Greece's youth teams.  More of an endurance player than a virtuoso, he is distinguished by exceptional leg strength.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
87th United States Congress
The 87th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1961, to January 3, 1963, during the final weeks of Dwight D. Eisenhower's presidency and the first two years of John F. Kennedy's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1950 United States census, along with two seats temporarily added in 1959 (one member each from recently admitted states of Alaska and Hawaii).

Both chambers had a Democratic majority (albeit reduced in the House).  With President Kennedy being sworn in on January 20, 1961, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 82nd Congress in 1952.

1950 United States census
The 1950 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 151,325,798, an increase of 14.5 percent over the 131,669,275 persons enumerated during the 1940 census.

This was the first census in which:

More than one state recorded a population of over 10 million

Every state and territory recorded a population of over 100,000

All 100 largest cities recorded populations of over 100,000

On April 1, 2022, the National Archives and Records Administration released scanned census enumeration sheets to the general public, in accordance with the 72 year rule. It is the most recent census to have full public availability.
Tyler Laubscher
Tyler Laubscher (born 18 December 2000) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays for the Hurricanes in Super Rugby. His playing position is flanker. He was named in the Hurricanes squad for the 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season. He was also a member of the Manawatu 2021 Bunnings NPC squad.

Born in Cape Town, South Africa, Laubscher moved to New Zealand with his family in about 2010. They initially lived on Auckland's North Shore, before settling in Palmerston North. Laubscher was educated at Palmerston North Boys' High School, where he co-captained the school's 1st XV rugby team in 2018.

Manawatu (National Provincial Championship)
Manawatu (often known as the Manawatu Turbos) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Palmerston North, New Zealand. The union was originally established in 1886, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Central Energy Trust Arena in Palmerston North in the Manawatū-Whanganui region. The team is affiliated with the Hurricanes Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are green and white.
Michels
Michels is a surname, derived from Michaels, which in turn is derived from the given name Michael. Notable people with the surname include:

Birgit Michels (born 1984), German badminton player

David Michels, British businessman

Jan Michels, Dutch footballer

Jeff Michels, American weight lifter

Mareno Michels, Dutch darts player

Pete Michels, American television director

Rinus Michels, Dutch association football player and coach

Robert Michels, German sociologist

Robert Michels (physician), physician and professor of Medicine and of Psychiatry

Tim Michels, American businessperson

Robert Michels (physician)
Robert Michels (born 1936) is a Professor of Medicine and of Psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College and a training and supervising psychoanalyst at the Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research.

A native of Chicago, Michels graduated from the University of Chicago and Northwestern University's medical school.  After a residency and psychoanalytic training at Columbia, Michels completed a fellowship at the National Institutes of Health.  Michels was named chairman of Cornell's psychiatry department in 1974.  He served seventeen years as chairman at the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic and served as Dean of Cornell's medical school from 1991 to 1996. Michels has been a Fellow of The Hastings Center since 1970.

He is the author of many articles and has co-edited multiple texts. His best known work is The Psychiatric Interview in Clinical Practice, which was written with Roger MacKinnon and published in 1971. A second edition was published in 2006.
Basketball at the 1958 Asian Games
Basketball was one of the 14 sports disciplines held in the 1958 Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan. The Philippines successfully defended their title and won their third straight Asian Games championship. The games were held from May 25 to June 1, 1958.

1958 Asian Games
The 1958 Asian Games, officially the Third Asian Games (Japanese: 第3回アジア競技大会) and commonly known as Tokyo 1958 (Japanese: 東京1958), were a multi-sport event held in Tokyo, Japan, from 24 May to 1 June 1958. It was governed by the Asian Games Federation. A total of 1,820 athletes representing 20 Asian National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in the Games. The program featured competitions in 13 different sports encompassing 97 events, including four non-Olympic sports, judo, table tennis, tennis and volleyball. Four of these competition sports – field hockey, table tennis, tennis and volleyball – were introduced for the first time in the Asian Games.

This is the first time that Japan hosted the Asian Games.
Chang's model
In mathematical set theory, Chang's model is the smallest inner model of set theory closed under countable sequences. It was introduced by Chang (1971). More generally Chang introduced the smallest inner model closed under taking sequences of length less than κ for any infinite cardinal κ. For κ countable this is the constructible universe, and for κ the first uncountable cardinal it is Chang's model.

Chang's model is a model of ZF. Kenneth Kunen proved in Kunen (1973) that the axiom of choice fails in Chang's model provided there are sufficient large cardinals, such as uncountably many measurable cardinals.

Measurable cardinal
In mathematics, specifically in set theory, a measurable cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. In order to define the concept, one introduces a two-valued measure on a cardinal , or more generally on any set. For a cardinal , it can be described as a subdivision of all of its subsets into large and small sets such that  itself is large, the empty set and all singletons  with  are small, complements of small sets are large and vice versa. The intersection of fewer than  large sets is again large.

It turns out that uncountable cardinals endowed with a two-valued measure are large cardinals whose existence cannot be proved from ZFC.

The concept of a measurable cardinal was introduced by Stanisław Ulam in 1930.
Ashraf Fayadh
Ashraf Fayadh (Arabic: أشرف فياض; born 1980 in Saudi Arabia) is an artist and poet of Palestinian origin. He is the son of refugees from Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip and lives in Saudi Arabia. He was active in the British-Arabian arts organization, Edge of Arabia, and organized exhibitions of Saudi art in Europe and Saudi Arabia.

In November 2015, he was sentenced to death by beheading for apostasy. The Saudi court overturned the death sentence three months later, imposing an eight-year prison term with 800 lashes.

Khan Yunis
31°20′40″N 34°18′11″E﻿ / ﻿31.34444°N 34.30306°E﻿ / 31.34444; 34.30306

Khan Yunis (Arabic: خان يونس, lit. 'khan (caravanserai) [of] Yunis'), also spelled Khan Younis or Khan Yunus, is a city in the southern Gaza Strip, Palestine, and serves as the capital of the Khan Yunis Governorate. It has been largely destroyed during the Gaza war.

Before the 14th century, Khan Yunis was a village known as "Salqah". A vast caravanserai, today known as Barquq Castle, was constructed there by the emir Yunis al-Nawruzi in 1387–88, an official of the Mamluk Empire to protect caravans, pilgrims, and travellers.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Khan Yunis had a population of 205,125 in 2017. Khan Yunis, which lies only four kilometres (2+1⁄2 miles) east of the Mediterranean Sea, has a semi-arid climate with temperature of 30 °C maximum in summer and 10 °C minimum in winter, with an annual rainfall of approximately 260 mm (10.2 in).
1938 British Empire Games
The 1938 British Empire Games were the third British Empire Games, the event that evolved to become the Commonwealth Games. Held in Sydney, Australia, from 5–12 February 1938, they were timed to coincide with Sydney's sesqui-centenary (150 years since the foundation of British settlement in Australia). Venues included the Sydney Cricket Ground (the main stadium), the North Sydney Olympic Pool and Henson Park. An estimated 40,000 people attended the opening ceremony. A men's residential village was established within the grounds of the Sydney Showground, while the female athletes were housed in hotels.

The star of the games was the Australian athlete Decima Norman, who won five gold medals in track and field. Margaret Dovey, later married to Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam, finished sixth in the 220 yards breaststroke.

Due to the onset of World War II, the games were not held again until 1950.

1950 British Empire Games
The 1950 British Empire Games (Maori: 1950 Nga Keemu Emepaea o Ingarangi)  were the fourth staging of what is now called the Commonwealth Games. It was held in Auckland, New Zealand, between 4 and 11 February 1950, after a 12-year gap from the third edition of the games due to World War II. The fourth games were originally awarded to Montreal, Canada and were to be held in 1942 but were cancelled due to the War.

The Games were declared open by Sir Bernard Freyberg. The opening ceremony was held at Eden Park and was sold out with 40,000 people attending. Eden Park also served as the main venue, while the closing ceremonies were held at Western Springs Stadium. Other venues included the Auckland Town Hall and the Newmarket Olympic Pool.

Total attendances were 246,694; higher than the following three Games, 1954 (159,636), 1958 (178,621) and 1962 (224,987).

A 1950 British Empire Games documentary film of the games was made by the New Zealand National Film Unit.
Linepithema humile virus 1
Linepithema humile virus-1 (LHUV-1) is a novel virus discovered to be actively replicating within the invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) species. The Argentine ant is extremely invasive across the globe, invading all continents besides Antarctica with their mega-colony. The invasiveness of the ants is allowing the distribution of this virus, among others, into vulnerable honey bee populations which may be responsible for the overall colony collapse.

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific RNA. This is achieved by monitoring the amplification reaction using fluorescence, a technique called real-time PCR or quantitative PCR (qPCR). Combined RT-PCR and qPCR are routinely used for analysis of gene expression and quantification of viral RNA in research and clinical settings.

The close association between RT-PCR and qPCR has led to metonymic use of the term qPCR to mean RT-PCR. Such use may be confusing, as RT-PCR can be used without qPCR, for example to enable molecular cloning, sequencing or simple detection of RNA. Conversely, qPCR may be used without RT-PCR, for example, to quantify the copy number of a specific piece of DNA.
Indo-Nepal Border Road
Indo-Nepal Border Road (Hindi: भारत नेपाल सीमा सड़क) is a highway approximately parallel to the international borders between India and Nepal which connects the border outposts (BOP) of Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) in India near the lines of the international border.

Border outpost
A border outpost, border out post, border observation post or BOP is an outpost maintained by a sovereign state on its border, usually one of a series placed at regular intervals, to watch over and safeguard its border with a neighboring state with which it may or may not have friendly relations.  Such posts are staffed by border guards and are at all times connected by radio communication with ongoing border patrols in their region and the force headquarters in the interior of the country for their day-to-day functioning, passing on intelligence and for requesting supplies and any needed reinforcements in emergencies.

Depending on the length and breadth of a country's borders and geography, they could be located in a wide variety of terrain, including the inhospitable areas that often mark political boundaries.
Swimming at the 1995 Pan American Games – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1995 Pan American Games took place between March 12–17 at the Complejo Natatorio. The last Pan American Games champion was Alex Kostich of US.

This race consisted of thirty lengths of the pool, all lengths being in freestyle.

Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 18 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Alex Kostich of US.

This race consisted of thirty lengths of the pool, all lengths being in freestyle.
Jung Eun-chae
Jung Sol-mi (Korean: 정솔미; born November 24, 1986), known professionally as Jung Eun-chae (정은채), is a South Korean actress, model and TV host. Jung began her career as a model, then made her acting breakthrough as the titular character in Nobody's Daughter Haewon (2013), a film by auteur Hong Sang-soo that premiered at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival.

Hong Sang-soo
Hong Sang-soo (Korean: 홍상수; born 25 October 1960) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. He is one of the most prominent exponents of slow cinema, often dealing in love affairs and everyday dilemmas in contemporary South Korea. His work has been widely-acclaimed and received numerous international accolades.
Palatalization (sound change)
Palatalization (/ˌpælətəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ PAL-ə-təl-eye-ZAY-shən) is a historical-linguistic sound change that results in a palatalized articulation of a consonant or, in certain cases, a front vowel. Palatalization involves change in the place or manner of articulation of consonants, or the fronting or raising of vowels. In some cases, palatalization involves assimilation or lenition.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Planet Nine: Alter Ego
Planet Nine: Alter Ego is the first extended play by the South Korean band Onewe. The album was released by RBW on June 16, 2021, and distributed by Kakao Entertainment. It consists of seven songs, including the lead single "Rain To Be".

Kakao Entertainment
Kakao Entertainment Corp. (Korean: 주식회사 카카오엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment, mass media, and publishing company founded in 2021. A subsidiary of the Internet company Kakao, it was established subsequent to the merger of the latter's two subsidiaries KakaoPage and Kakao M.