hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Margarite
Margarite is a calcium rich member of the mica group of the phyllosilicates with formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2)O10(OH)2. It forms white to pinkish or yellowish gray masses or thin laminae. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system. It typically has a specific gravity of around 3 and a Mohs hardness of 4. It is translucent with perfect 010 cleavage and exhibits crystal twinning.

It occurs commonly as an alteration product of corundum, andalusite and other aluminous minerals. It has been reported as forming alteration pseudomorphs of chiastolite along with muscovite and paragonite. The margarite in this occurrence forms preferentially along the dark graphite rich inclusions with the chiastolite crystals.

Margarite is found in the emery deposits of Turkey and the Aegean islands, and with corundum
at several localities in the United States.

Graphite
Graphite (/ˈɡræfaɪt/) is a crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked layers of graphene, typically in excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.  Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on a large scale (1.3 million metric tons per year in 2022) for uses in many critical industries including refractories (50%), lithium-ion batteries (18%), foundries (10%), and lubricants (5%), among others (17%). Graphite converts to diamond under extremely high pressure and temperature. Graphite's low cost, thermal and chemical inertness and characteristic conductivity of heat and electricity finds numerous applications in high energy and high temperature processes.
Six-Gun Serenade
Six-Gun Serenade is a 1947 American Western film directed by Ford Beebe and written by Bennett Cohen. The film stars Jimmy Wakely, Lee "Lasses" White, Kay Morley, Jimmy Martin, Steve Clark and Pierce Lyden. The film was released on April 15, 1947, by Monogram Pictures.

Ford Beebe
Ford Ingalsbe Beebe (November 26, 1888 – November 26, 1978) was a screenwriter and director. He entered the film business as a writer around 1916 and over the next 60 years wrote and/or directed almost 200 films.

He specialized in B-movies – mostly Westerns – and action serials, working on the "Buck Rogers" and "Flash Gordon" serials for Universal Pictures.
Smith system
A system of taxonomy of the cryptogams, the Smith system was published in:

Smith, G.M. (1938). Cryptogamic Botany, vol. 1. Algae and fungi. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Smith, G.M. (1955). Cryptogamic Botany, vol. 2. Bryophytes and pteridophytes. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw.
Catchpoint
Catchpoint was a British physical game show that aired on BBC One from 23 March 2019 to 25 June 2022. Hosted by Paddy McGuinness, the show combined general knowledge questions with physical challenges, offering a unique twist on traditional quiz formats.

Paddy McGuinness
Patrick Joseph McGuinness (born 14 August 1973) is an English comedian, actor, writer, and television presenter. He rose to fame with the help of fellow comedian Peter Kay, who invited him to appear on the television comedy series That Peter Kay Thing (2000), and the sitcoms Phoenix Nights (2000–2001) and Max and Paddy's Road to Nowhere (2004). McGuinness went on to present various television shows, including Take Me Out (2010–2019), 71 Degrees North (2011), Paddy's TV Guide (2013), Top Gear (2019–2022), I Can See Your Voice (2021–2022), Question of Sport (2021–2023) and Tempting Fortune (2023–present).

McGuinness has written and performed four stand-up comedy tours: The Dark Side Tour (2006), Plus You! Tour (2008), The Saturday Night Live Tour (2011), and Daddy McGuinness (2015–2016).
Ilkeston Corporation Tramways
Ilkeston Corporation Tramways was a tramway network in Ilkeston, Derbyshire, in the East Midlands of England run firstly by Ilkeston Borough Council and from 1916 by the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Tramways Company. The system ran between 1903 and 1931. Ilkeston was the first town in Derbyshire to adopt and operate a fully electrical tramway system.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
Northern Operational Group (Ukrainian Insurgent Army)
The Northern Operational Group of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Ukrainian: Оперативна група УПА-Північ, romanized: Operatyvna hrupa UPA-Pivnich), also known as UPA-North (Ukrainian: УПА-Північ, romanized: UPA-Pivnich), was one of the three operational groups of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. It operated in Volhynia, Zhytomyr Oblast, Kyiv Oblast, and in the southern Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
Czerników Opatowski
Czerników Opatowski [t͡ʂɛrˈnikuf ɔpaˈtɔfski] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opatów, within Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Opatów and 56 km (35 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Opatów County
Opatów County (Polish: powiat opatowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opatów, which lies 58 kilometres (36 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Ożarów, lying 20 km (12 mi) north-east of Opatów.

The county covers an area of 911.51 square kilometres (351.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 53,942, out of which the population of Opatów is 6,466, that of Ożarów is 4,569, and the rural population is 42,907.
Eastern Cape Parks
Eastern Cape Parks are the national parks, marine protected areas, nature reserves and other nature conservation areas in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency (ECPTA) is the governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wilderness areas and public nature reserves in the Eastern Cape, based in East London.

Tsitsikamma National Park
The Tsitsikamma National Park is a protected area on the Garden Route, Western Cape and Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is a coastal reserve well known for its indigenous forests, dramatic coastline, and the Otter Trail. On 6 March 2009 it was amalgamated with the Wilderness National Park and various other areas of land to form the Garden Route National Park.

The park covers an 80 kilometres (50 miles) long stretch of coastline. Nature's Valley is at the western end of the park, and the main accommodation is at Storms River Mouth. Near the park is the Bloukrans Bridge, the world's highest bridge bungee jump at 216 metres (709 ft).

The word "Tsitsikamma" originates from the Khoekhoe language tjisi, meaning "ten", and ǁamma, meaning "water", referring to the Tsitsikamma River. Other meanings are 'place of much water' and 'waters begin'.
Motorola V phone
The Motorola V phone, officially V Series, often nicknamed as the Vader or Wings, is a cellular phone designed by Motorola as an evolution of the StarTAC. It was originally released in October 1998 as v3620 on the analog AMPS network in North America, followed by a digital GSM release in other territories as v3688 or v998 (China) in early 1999. Based on a clamshell design like the StarTAC series, its body is 25% narrower by comparison and at 2.7 ounces was the lightest and smallest cell phone at the time. Because of its physical characteristics, it became highly popular for being fashionable.

In 2000, a GSM variant for the North American market was released as the v3682, while a cdmaOne variant was released there as v8160/v8162 ("Vulcan"). The original V phone was succeeded by two updated versions: first the v3690 then the v50, before they were majorly succeeded by Motorola V66 and the flagship Motorola V60 in 2001.

Advanced Mobile Phone System
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) was an analog mobile phone system standard originally developed by Bell Labs and later modified in a cooperative effort between Bell Labs and Motorola. It was officially introduced in the Americas on October 13, 1983, and was deployed in many other countries too, including Israel in 1986, Australia in 1987, Singapore in 1988, and Pakistan in 1990. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies such as AT&T and Verizon Communications have discontinued this service permanently. AMPS was discontinued in Australia in September 2000, in India by October 2004, in Israel by January 2010, and Brazil by 2010.
Jorgelina Cravero
Jorgelina Cravero (born 27 January 1982) is a former professional tennis player from Argentina.

She has career-high WTA rankings of 106 in singles (achieved September 2007) and 114 in doubles (set on 17 November 2008). Cravero has not won any titles on the WTA Tour in singles or doubles. However, she won 15 singles titles and 34 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

In 2007, Cravero qualified for three of the four Grand Slam tournaments, losing in the opening round every time: to Justine Henin at Wimbledon, to Martina Müller at the Australian Open and to Aravane Rezaï at the US Open.

Playing for Argentina Fed Cup team, Cravero has a win–loss record of 6–7.

The most memorable experiences were qualifying for the Australian Open and Wimbledon in 2007. Cravero enjoys the clay surface best of all and started playing tennis at the age of five. She turned professional in 2000.

In 2011, she announced her retirement from tennis.

Aravane Rezaï
Aravane Rezaï (French: [aʁavan ʁɛza.i]; Persian: ارغوان رضایی Arghavān-e Rezāyi pronounced [æɾɣævɒːn(-e) ɾezɒːjiː], born 14 March 1987) is an Iranian–French professional former tennis player. Her career-high ranking is world No. 15, achieved on 11 October 2010.
The Evening Hour (film)
The Evening Hour is a 2020 American drama film, directed by Braden King from a screenplay by Elizabeth Palmore. It is based upon the 2012 novel of the same name by Carter Sickels. It stars Philip Ettinger, Stacy Martin, Cosmo Jarvis, Michael Trotter, Kerry Bishé and Lili Taylor.

It had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 27, 2020. It was released on July 30, 2021 by Strand Releasing.

Tess Harper
Tessie Jean Harper  (née Washam; born August 15, 1950) is an American actress. She was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her first film role in 1983's Tender Mercies, and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1986 film Crimes of the Heart. Her other film appearances include Amityville 3-D (1983), Flashpoint (1984), Ishtar (1987), Far North (1988), and No Country for Old Men (2007). She also had a recurring role on the first three seasons of Breaking Bad (2008–2010) as Jesse Pinkman’s mother, as well as reprising her role in El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie (2019).
Deaths-Head Revisited
"Deaths-Head Revisited" is episode 74 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. The story is about a former SS officer revisiting the Dachau concentration camp a decade and a half after World War II. The title is a play on the Evelyn Waugh novel Brideshead Revisited, and the SS "Death's Head" units who administered the camps. In Germany this episode was never brought to TV.

Ben Wright (English actor)
Benjamin Huntington Wright (5 May 1915 – 2 July 1989) was an English actor. He was best known for playing Herr Zeller in The Sound of Music. He also played numerous roles in famous films and worked as voice actor, having roles in animated films by Disney Studios such as One Hundred and One Dalmatians, The Jungle Book and The Little Mermaid.
A Love Crime
A Love Crime (Arabic: جريمة حب, transliterated as Garymet Hob) an Egyptian film released on January 1, 1955. The film is directed by Atef Salem, features a screenplay by Mahmoud Sobhy based on the novel by Amin Yousseff Ghurab, and stars Mariam Fakhr Eddine, Emad Hamdy, Hind Rostom, and Salah Mansour. The protagonist, a lawyer named Jalal, loses an important case and believes his wife's negligence is the reason. He launches into an affair with his beautiful client, who is murdered, leaving the wife as a suspect.

Atef Salem
Atef Salem (Arabic: عاطف سالم; 23 July 1927 – 30 July 2002) was an Egyptian film director. He directed 32 films between 1954 and 2001. Many of his films were scripted by the novelist Naguib Mahfouz. His 1967 film Khan el khalili was entered into the 5th Moscow International Film Festival.
Barnacle, Warwickshire
Barnacle is a hamlet in the county of Warwickshire, England, in the civil parish of Shilton and Barnacle. Historically it was divided between the parishes of Shilton and Bulkington.

Barnacle was recorded in the Domesday Book as Bernhangre. The Knights Hospitallers held an estate in Barnacle in the 13th century. The hamlet contains Barnacle Hall which dates from 1745, it was built on the site of an earlier hall which had been owned by William Hickman, who was a captain in the Cavalier army of King Charles I during the English Civil War. Because of this it was plundered and burnt down by the Roundheads.

The hamlet contains some 18th century cottages, and the "Red Lion Inn". It also contains a small Methodist chapel, dating from 1844.

Sir William Hickman, 2nd Baronet
Sir William Hickman. 2nd Baronet DL (8 January 1629 – 10 February 1682) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1682.

Hickman was the son of Sir Willoughby Hickman, 1st Baronet and his wife Bridget Thornhaugh, daughter of Sir John Thornhaugh of Fenton, Nottinghamshire. He inherited the baronetcy on the death of his father in 1649.

In 1660, Hickman was elected Member of Parliament for East Retford in the Convention Parliament. He was re-elected MP for East Retford for the Cavalier Parliament in 1661 and held his seat through successive parliaments until his death in 1682. He was a Commissioner of the Ordnance from 1679 to his death.

Hickman died in 1682 at the age of 53. He had married Elizabeth Neville, daughter of John Nevile of Mattersey Priory, Nottinghamshire. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by their son Willoughby.
Etlingera muluensis
Etlingera muluensis is a monocotyledonous plant species described by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Etlingera muluensis is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Zingiberaceae
Zingiberaceae, the ginger family, is a family of flowering plants containing 58 genera and about 1600 described species distributed globally in the tropics and subtropics. They are aromatic perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes, sometimes tuberous. Basal leaf sheathing forms a pseudostem taller than their true stems which emerge unbranched. Flowers are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and inflorescence is raceme. Fruit is typically a dry capsule and seeds are arillate.

Ancient fossils and phylogenetics indicate the Zingiberaceae evolved in Africa during the mid-Cretaceous period. The dispersal of these plants across Asia, the Americas, and Australia followed the expansion of tropical rain forest habitat soon after this period.
LAND
A LAND (local area network denial) is a denial-of-service attack that consists of sending a special poison spoofed packet to a computer, causing it to lock up. The security flaw was first discovered in 1997 by someone using the alias and has resurfaced many years later in operating systems such as Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP SP2.

Network packet
In telecommunications and computer networking, a network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network. A packet consists of control information and user data; the latter is also known as the payload. Control information provides data for delivering the payload (e.g., source and destination network addresses, error detection codes, or sequencing information). Typically, control information is found in packet headers and trailers.

In packet switching, the bandwidth of the transmission medium is shared between multiple communication sessions, in contrast to circuit switching, in which circuits are preallocated for the duration of one session and data is typically transmitted as a continuous bit stream.
Hi Life (album)
Hi Life is the fifth solo studio album by American rapper Devin the Dude. It was released on September 7, 2008, via Rap-A-Lot Records. Recording sessions took place at the Coughee Pot in Houston and Dean's List House of Hits in Cypress. Production was handled by Domo, Mike Dean, Caviar, Dr. Dre, Lil' Chief and the Alchemist. It features guest appearances from 14K, Bushwick Bill, Gar, K.B., Molew The Mic Wrecka, and the Coughee Brothaz. The album peaked at number 29 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States.

Rap-A-Lot Records
Rap-A-Lot is a hip hop record label co-founded by James Prince and Cliff Blodget in 1986. Smoke-a-Lot Records is a subsidiary.

Rap-A-Lot was first distributed by A&M Records with the release of Raheem's 1988 debut The Vigilante. The label was distributed through the 1990s by EMI's Priority Records (1991–1994), Noo Trybe Records (1994-1998), and Virgin Records (1998–2002). In the 2000s, it was distributed by Asylum Records and then Fontana Distribution.

On August 22, 2013, Rap-A-Lot announced a distribution deal with RED Distribution.
Sajjad Mashayekhi
Sajjad Mashayekhi (Persian: سجاد مشایخی, born February 23, 1994) is an Iranian professional basketball player and gold medal at Asian Cup 2012 Tokyo and 2014 Wuhan and 2016 Tehran. He has played for the Iranian national basketball team.

Iranians in the United Kingdom
Iranians in the United Kingdom consist of people of Iranian nationality who have settled in the United Kingdom, as well as British residents and citizens of Iranian heritage. Iranians in the United Kingdom are referred to by hyphenated terms such as British-Iranians, British-Persians, Iranian-Britons, or Persian-Britons.

As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the British-Iranian population was approximately 114,432 people. The vast majority of British-Iranians arrived after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, with an estimated 8,000 Iranian asylum seekers arriving in the United Kingdom in the following five years. Due to intensifying religious and political persecution, particularly of Iranian Christians, the numbers of Iranian asylum seekers arriving at UK soil has significantly risen in the last decade.
Amritpal Singh
Amritpal Singh Sandhu (born 17 January 1993) is an Indian pro-Khalistan separatist, self-styled Sikh preacher, and politician. He is a Member of the Indian Parliament in the Lok Sabha representing the constituency of Khadoor Sahib since 2024.

After living in Dubai for a decade, he returned to Punjab in September 2022, having been controversially appointed as the leader of Waris Punjab De; he started an anti-drugs campaign, encouraging the youth to adopt a traditionalist form of Sikhism and advocated for a sovereign Sikh state in Punjab called Khalistan.

Indian intelligence sources claim that Singh has been supported by the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), and that he has stockpiled arms while raising a private militia called Anandpur Khalsa Fauj (AKF). In March 2023, the state government, acting in coordination with the central government, launched an intense crackdown on Singh and his associates. He was arrested on 23 April 2023 under the National Security Act (India).

Dibrugarh
Dibrugarh (Assamese: [dibɹʊ.ɡɔ(ɹ)]) is a city in the Indian state of Assam, located 435 km east of the state capital Dispur. It is the 2nd capital of Assam and serves as the headquarters of the Dibrugarh district in Upper Assam. Dibrugarh also serves as the headquarters of the Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council, which is the governing council of the Sonowal Kachari tribe (found predominantly in the district). The historic town of Dibrugarh was formally announced as the second city of Assam on 7 March 2024 with the formation of the Dibrugarh Municipal Corporation by dissolving the municipal board.
St Cosmas and St Damian's Church, Stretford
St Cosmas and St Damian's Church is a redundant Anglican church standing in a farmyard in Stretford, Herefordshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church is dedicated to Saints Cosmas and Damian, patron saints of physicians and surgeons.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.