hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banu Khalaf
The Banu Khalaf was an Arab family that ruled Huesca and the region called Barbitanya on the Iberian Peninsula from about 802 to 862, and Barbitanya alone from 862 to about 882.

The first ruler was Khalaf Ibn Rashid (802), who settled with his clan in the village they named Midayar, modern Barbastro. The city castle (Barbastra) was the centre of the Muslim domain in the region.

Khalaf died before 862. In this year the government of Huesca was conferred on the Banu Qasi family. His son Abd Allah ibn Khalaf then ruled Barbitanya. In the 870s, he allied himself with rebel Isma'il ibn Musa al-Qasawi, to whom Abd Allah married his daughter. In retaliation, at the end of the decade Muhammad I of Córdoba entered Huesca and killed Abd Allah and all of his children, and took possession of the Banu Jalaf lands.

Muhammad I of Córdoba
Muhammad I of Cordoba (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الرحمن الأوسط; 823–886) was the Fifth Umayyad ruler of al-Andalus. He ruled during a time of thriving art, architecture and culture in Islamic Iberia in the 9th century, turning Cordoba into a cultural and political center.
Propicillin
Propicillin is a penicillin. Properties are similar to benzylpenicillin particularly used in streptococcal infections, not resistant to penicillinase. It is acid resistant and can be used orally as the potassium salt.

Beta-lactamase
Beta-lactamases (β-lactamases)  are enzymes (EC 3.5.2.6) produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, monobactams and carbapenems (ertapenem), although carbapenems are relatively resistant to beta-lactamase. Beta-lactamase provides antibiotic resistance by breaking the antibiotics' structure. These antibiotics all have a common element in their molecular structure: a four-atom ring known as a beta-lactam (β-lactam) ring. Through hydrolysis, the enzyme lactamase breaks the β-lactam ring open, deactivating the molecule's antibacterial properties.

Beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria are usually secreted, especially when antibiotics are present in the environment.
Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation
Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation is a form of conventional ventilation by which oxygen is delivered to the lungs using a high pressure gas source through an over-the-needle catheter inserted through the skin into the trachea.

Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation may be mistaken for transtracheal jet ventilation, which is not considered conventional ventilation and refers to high-frequency ventilation; a low tidal volume ventilation and needs specialized ventilators only available in critical care units.

Transtracheal jet ventilation
Transtracheal jet ventilation refers to a type of high-frequency ventilation, low tidal volume ventilation provided via a laryngeal catheter by specialized ventilators that are usually only available in the operating room or intensive care unit. This procedure is occasionally employed in the operating room when a difficult airway is anticipated, such as Treacher Collins syndrome, Robin sequence, head and neck surgery with supraglottic or glottic obstruction. It is NOT recommended in emergencies if a person cannot be intubated or ventilated by other means.
Libona
Libona, officially the Municipality of Libona (Bukid and Higaonon: Banuwa ta Libona; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Libona; Tagalog: Bayan ng Libona), is a  municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 48,965 people.

Libona is situated in the northern part of the province and is approximately 103 kilometers from Malaybalay, the capital city of Bukidnon. The municipality can be reached from Cagayan de Oro, the major trade center of Northern Mindanao, through a 52 kilometer-route passing Barangay Alae of Manolo Fortich, or through a 32 kilometer road northward passing Barangay Indahag, Cagayan de Oro.

Bukid language
The Bukid language, Binukid, Binokid or Bukidnon, is an Austronesian language spoken by indigenous peoples of Northern Mindanao in the southern Philippines. The word Bukid means 'mountain' or 'highland' while Binukid means 'in the manner, or style, of the mountain or highland'. In Bukidnon province, it is referred to as Higaonon.
Cortex (journal)
Cortex is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. It covers studies on the psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, neuropsychology, and neurology of the cerebral cortex. The journal was established in 1964 by Ennio De Renzi. Until recently, the co-editors-in-chief were Sergio Della Sala (University of Edinburgh and Jordan Grafman (Northwestern University). Since 2025, it has been edited by Editor-in-Chief Robert McIntosh (University of Edinburgh) and Deputy Editor D. Samuel Schwarzkopf (University of Auckland).

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Demographics of Atlanta
Atlanta is the capital and largest city in the state of Georgia. It ranks as the 36th-most populous city in the United States, and the eighth-most populous in the southeastern region. 2020 census results varied dramatically with previous Census Bureau estimates, counting a record 498,715 residents. Atlanta is the core city of the eighth most populous United States metropolitan area at 6,104,803 (est. 2020), with a combined statistical area of 6,930,423. For the first time since the 1960 Census, the 2020 Census revealed Atlanta is no longer majority African American.  Atlanta has strongly increased in diversity in recent decades and is projected to continue.

Gwinnett County, Georgia
Gwinnett County (/ɡwɪˈnɛt/ gwih-NET) is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is a core county of Metro Atlanta, being located about 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Atlanta city limits. In 2020, the population was 957,062, making it the second-most populous county in Georgia (after Fulton County). Its county seat is Lawrenceville. The county is named for Button Gwinnett, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence.

Gwinnett County is the most ethnically diverse county in Georgia, with significant populations of Black, Hispanic, and Asian residents. As of the 2020 Census, no ethnicity constitutes more than a third of its population.
McCubbin
McCubbin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bobby McCubbin (1868–1950), Australian rules footballer

Carlos Cortijo McCubbin (born 1969), Peruvian footballer and manager

Carrol McCubbin (1915–2013), American politician from Missouri

Frederick McCubbin (1855–1917), Australian painter

George McCubbin (1898–1944), South African Royal Flying Corps pilot

Henry McCubbin (1942–2023), Scottish politician

James McCubbin (born 1998), Uruguayan rugby union player

Louis McCubbin (1890–1952), Australian war artist, landscape painter and art gallery director

Megan McCubbin (born 1995), English zoologist

Robert McCubbin (1902–1975), Canadian politician

Russ McCubbin (1935–2018), American actor

Sandy McCubbin (1886-?), Scottish footballer

Todd J. McCubbin, American military officer

James McCubbin
James McCubbin Di Mateo (born 27 May 1998) is a Uruguayan rugby union player, currently playing for Súper Liga Americana de Rugby side Peñarol. He competed for the Uruguay national rugby sevens team at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Triple step (music)
Triple step, in music, represents a rhythmic pattern covering three dance steps done on music.

1977, British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac's released single, "Don't Stop", penned by musician and keyboardist Christine McVie from their Rumours album integrated rhythms influenced by triple step dance rhythmic patterns incorporated into the song featuring both traditional acoustic and tack piano, the second of these instrumental sounds achieved by affixing nails to the hammers' striking points on the strings, resulting in a more percussive sound.

Keyboardist
A keyboardist or keyboard player is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists.  Since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, such as synthesizers and digital piano, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. In the 2010s, professional keyboardists in popular music often play a variety of different keyboard instruments, including piano, tonewheel organ, synthesizer, and clavinet. Some keyboardists may also play related instruments such as piano accordion, melodica, pedal keyboard, or keyboard-layout bass pedals.
Isabella Holmgren
Isabella Holmgren (born 22 May 2005) is a Canadian professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTour Team Lidl–Trek. Her twin sister Ava and brother Gunnar are also professional cyclists.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Prerogative instrument
A prerogative instrument is a legal instrument issued under the royal prerogative, in contrast with a Statutory Instrument (which is made under the authority of an Act of Parliament).

Examples of prerogative instruments include letters patent (including most royal charters), royal instructions, royal warrants, and some orders in council.

In the UK, the use of prerogative instruments has declined considerably both as a result of the transfer of political power from the Sovereign to the House of Commons, and with the expanded use since the nineteenth century of delegated legislation under the authority of parliament. An example of a prerogative instrument in Australia is the constitution of the Order of Australia.

Prerogative instruments were often used as the basis for the constitutions of British colonies.

Primary and secondary legislation
Primary legislation and secondary legislation (the latter also called delegated legislation or subordinate legislation) are two forms of law, created respectively by the legislative and executive branches of governments in representative democracies. Primary legislation generally consists of statutes, also known as "acts", that set out broad  principles and rules, but may delegate specific authority to an executive branch to make more specific laws under the aegis of the principal act. The executive branch can then issue secondary legislation (often by order-in-council in parliamentary systems, or by regulatory agencies in presidential systems), creating legally enforceable regulations and the procedures for implementing them.
Mount Mary College, Chümoukedima
Mount Mary College is a general degree college in Chümoukedima, Nagaland. It offers undergraduate courses in science, arts and commerce. This college is affiliated to Nagaland University. This college was established in 2011.

Nagaland University
Nagaland University is a Central University established in the state of Nagaland by an Act of Parliament by the Government of India in 1989. It is headquartered at Lumami, Zünheboto District. Two other permanent campuses are located at Meriema (near Kohima) and Medziphema. Also there is a temporary campus in Dimapur where B. Tech courses are offered. Altogether 70 colleges are affiliated to the university with a total student population of around 24,000. Different Courses in 43 disciplines are offered at University and college levels in M.A, M.Sc, M.Com, MBA, M.Ed, M.Sc (Agri.), B.Tech, B.Sc (Agri.), LL.B, B.Ed, B.Sc, B.A, B.Com, BBA, BCA, B.Sc (Nursing) and B.Voc.
Sisa Njikelana
Sisa James Njikelana (born 10 August 1955) is a South African politician, businessman, and former trade unionist. He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2014 and chaired the Portfolio Committee on Energy during the 25th Parliament.

During the 1980s, Njikelana was vice-president and general secretary of the South African Allied Workers' Union, a general union which militantly opposed apartheid. He was later the general secretary of the National Education, Health and Allied Workers' Union. He was detained for his political activism on several occasions and was a defendant in the Pietermaritzburg Treason Trial.

25th South African Parliament
The 25th South African Parliament was the fourth Parliament of South Africa to convene since the introduction of non-racial government in South Africa in 1994. It was elected in the general election of 22 April 2009, and first met on 6 May of that year to elect Jacob Zuma as the fourth President of South Africa. It was formally opened by the newly elected President's State of the Nation address in a joint sitting on 3 June 2009. The ANC retained its majority, although it was reduced to 264 seats out of 400 (66%) in the National Assembly, while the Democratic Alliance increased its lead of the opposition, taking 67 seats (16.75%). The Speaker of the National Assembly was Max Sisulu of the ANC and the Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces was M. J. Mahlangu, also of the ANC.
2024 FIFA Futsal World Cup
The 2024 FIFA Futsal World Cup was the tenth edition of the FIFA Futsal World Cup, the quadrennial international futsal championship contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament was held in Uzbekistan. It was the first FIFA tournament ever hosted by Uzbekistan and a Central Asian nation. The tournament returned to its usual four-year cycle after the previous tournament was delayed for a year to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Portugal were the defending champions by defeating Argentina 2–1 in the previous edition, but were eliminated in the round of 16 against Kazakhstan. Brazil won a record-extending sixth title, beating their arch-rivals Argentina by the same scoreline.

Argentina–Brazil football rivalry
The Argentina–Brazil football rivalry,  also referred to as the Clásico Sudamericano (Spanish: Clásico sudamericano; Portuguese: Clássico Sul-americano), or the Superclassic of the America is a football rivalry between the national teams of Brazil and Argentina. The rivalry is considered one of the fiercest in international football, having been described by FIFA as the "essence of football rivalry".
Garwa Road Junction railway station
Garhwa Road Junction railway station (station code: GHD) is a railway station located in Rehla,Palamu district, Jharkhand, India, some 10 km (6.2 mi) from the town of Garhwa. It belongs to East Central Railway. All major express , mail express and passenger trains stop here.

Three rail section originate from the Garhwa Road Junction :

Garhwa Road - Sone Nagar rail section

Garhwa Road - Barkakana rail section

Garhwa Road - Chopan rail section

Palamu district
Palamu district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand, India. It was formed in 1892. The administrative headquarters of the district is Medininagar, situated on the Koel River. Palamu district lies in north-western part of Jharkhand. It shares border with Chatra, Garhwa & Latehar Districts of Jharkhand state.
Susie Gilbert
Susannah "Susie" Gilbert (born 21 February 1989) is an English international field hockey player who played as a midfielder for England and Great Britain.

She plays club hockey in the Investec Women's Hockey League Premier Division for Surbiton.

She competed for England in the women's hockey tournament at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where she won a silver medal. She was educated at Repton School and graduated from Birmingham University in Geography in 2012.

Surbiton Hockey Club
Surbiton Hockey Club is a professional field hockey club based in Long Ditton, Surrey, England. The club is one of the oldest hockey clubs in the world, being established in 1874. The home ground is based in Long Ditton, at Sugden Road. The women's team have been champions of England on nine occasions and the men's team have been champions of England three times.
Ministry of Finance (Montenegro)
The Ministry of Finance in the Government of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Ministarstvo finansija u Vladi Crne Gore / Министарство финансија у Влади Црне Горе, MFVCG) is the ministry in the Government of Montenegro which is in charge of the nation's finances. The ministry was established in 1879 as a ministry of the Principality of Montenegro. It was abolished in late 1922, but restored 23 years later, in 1945. Since 2023 the Minister has been Novica Vuković.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.
Calcutta Tram Users Association
The Calcutta Tram Users Association (CTUA) is an apolitical advocacy group formed in December 2016 to defend and promote the use of Trams in Kolkata. The association was established during the 20th anniversary of the Kolkata–Melbourne Tramjatra festival, taking its name and inspiration from the Public Transport Users Association in Melbourne. A public meeting of tram enthusiasts was held at Esplanade.

Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage
The Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) is a non-profit charitable organisation registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.

In 2007, the United Nations awarded INTACH a special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
Madeleine Baran
Madeleine Baran is an American investigative journalist. She is best known as the lead reporter for the APM podcast In the Dark. She has received accolades including three Peabody Awards, a Gracie Award and two Sigma Delta Chi Awards for her reporting.

Sigma Delta Chi Award
The Sigma Delta Chi Awards are presented annually by the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) (formerly Sigma Delta Chi) for excellence in journalism.  The SPJ states the purpose of the award is to promote "the free flow of information vital to a well-informed citizenry".
Italian Colombians
Italian Colombians (Italian: italo-colombiani; Spanish: ítalo-colombianos) are Colombian-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent and Italian-born people in Colombia. Italians have been immigrating to Colombia since the early 16th century.

Oreste Sindici
Oreste Sindici (May 31, 1828 – January 12, 1904) was an Italian-born Colombian musician and composer. He composed the music for the Colombian national anthem in 1887.

He was born in Ceccano (Province of Frosinone) and studied in the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia at Rome.

He arrived in Bogotá in 1863 as a singer with an opera company and lived and worked as a musician in Colombia until his death. In 1887 he was asked to compose the music to a poem written by Rafael Núñez. The song was released on November 11, 1887, in commemoration of the Independence of Cartagena de Indias. In 1920 this song officially became the Colombian national anthem.

Oreste Sindici died in Bogotá on January 12, 1904, due to severe arteriosclerosis. In 1937 the Colombian government honored his memory.
Andrew Gode
Andrew John Gode (born 5 April 1990) is an Australian cricketer. He made his List A debut for Queensland in the 2018–19 JLT One-Day Cup on 1 October 2018.

He is now co-host of the podcast We Got the Chocolates.

Queensland cricket team
The Queensland men's cricket team (also known as the Queensland Bulls) are an Australian men's professional cricket team based in Queensland. The team competes in Sheffield Shield, the highest level of Australia domestic first class cricket, since the 1926–27 season, as well as the One-Day Cup, the highest level of Australian domestic one-day, since its inception in 1969–70. They also competed in the now defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash.
Tinteira
Tinteira is a settlement in the eastern part of the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. It is situated 4 km north of Cova Figueira, 5 km south of Relva and 22 km east of the island capital São Filipe. At the 2010 census its population was 410. Its elevation is 300 meters. Tinteira consists of the localities Tinteira, Cova Matinho and Cutelo Capado.

São Filipe, Cape Verde
São Filipe (Portuguese for "Saint Philip") is a city on the west coast of Africa on the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. It is the capital of the island, and the seat of the São Filipe Municipality. The island's airport, São Filipe Airport, is located on the southeastern edge of the town and the island's port is 4 km north of the center at Vale de Cavaleiros. The town's elevation is 20 meters.
Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi Railroad
The Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi Railroad (reporting mark ALM) is a 117-mile (188 km) short-line railroad in northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas. Opened in 1908, it has undergone several corporate reorganizations, but has remained independent of larger carriers. In 2004, paper producer Georgia-Pacific sold the company to shortline operator Genesee & Wyoming Inc. Traffic generally consists of lumber, paper, forest products, and chemicals.

The AL&M runs north from Monroe, Louisiana, on the Canadian Pacific Kansas City's Meridian Speedway, through Bastrop to Crossett, Arkansas, generally paralleling U.S. Routes 165 and 425. At Crossett, the AL&M interchanges with the affiliated Fordyce and Princeton Railroad, which hauls its cars to the Union Pacific Railroad at Fordyce. A branch from Rolfe Junction to Hamburg, Arkansas, was abandoned in 1920, with the grade reused for a county road; in 2006 the AL&M leased a segment of line in Bastrop from the Union Pacific Railroad.

Crossett, Arkansas
Crossett is the largest city in Ashley County, Arkansas, United States, with a population of 4,822 in 2020. Combined with North Crossett and West Crossett, the population is 8,722.  Crossett was incorporated in 1903.

There are four properties on Main Street in Crossett listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as well as the Crossett Experimental Forest, located 7 mi (11 km) south.