hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Results of the 2008 Canadian federal election by riding
Abbreviations guide

(Ind.) - Independent

(NA) - No Affiliation

Minor parties:
(AAEVP) – Animal Alliance Environment Voters Party of Canada
(CAP) – Canadian Action Party
(CHP) – Christian Heritage Party
(Comm.) – Communist Party
(FPNP) – First Peoples National Party of Canada
(Libert.) – Libertarian Party
(Mar.) – Marijuana Party
(M-L) – Marxist–Leninist Party
(NFLP) – Newfoundland and Labrador First Party
(PC) – Progressive Canadian Party
(PPP) – People's Political Power Party of Canada
(Rhino.) – Rhinoceros Party
(WBP) – Western Block Party
(WLP) – Work Less Party

All candidate names are those on the official list of confirmed candidates; names in media or on party website may differ slightly.

Names in bold represent party leaders, cabinet ministers, and the Speaker of the House of Commons.
† represents that the incumbent chose not to run again.
§ represents that the incumbent was defeated for nomination.
‡ represents that the incumbent ran in a different district.

First Peoples National Party of Canada
The First Peoples National Party of Canada (FPNPC) was a federal political party in Canada.  Focused on Indigenous rights advocacy, it sought to increase the number of Indigenous people involved in the federal electoral process and engage the public on Indigenous issues, while it also nominated candidates for election in electoral districts with large Aboriginal populations. The party ran candidates in three federal elections between 2006 and 2011. The party was voluntarily deregistered by Elections Canada on July 5, 2013, with then-leader Will Morin asserting that the party's purpose had been supplanted by the emergence of the Idle No More activist movement.
Smoking bishop
Smoking bishop is a type of mulled wine, punch, or wassail, especially popular in Victorian England at Christmas time, and it is mentioned in Dickens' 1843 story A Christmas Carol.

Smoking bishop was made from  port, red wine, lemons or Seville oranges, sugar, and spices such as cloves.  The citrus fruit was roasted to caramelise it and the ingredients then warmed together.  A myth persists that the name comes from the shape of the traditional bowl, shaped like a bishop's mitre, and that in this form, it was served in medieval guildhalls and universities.

Other variations of drinks known collectively as "ecclesiastics" included the smoking archbishop (made with claret), the smoking beadle (made with ginger wine and raisins), the smoking cardinal (made with Champagne or Rhine wine) and the smoking pope (made with burgundy).

Caramelization
Caramelization (or caramelisation) is a process of browning of sugar used extensively in cooking for the resulting butter-like flavor and brown color. The brown colors are produced by three groups of polymers: caramelans (C24H36O18), caramelens (C36H50O25), and caramelins (C125H188O80). As the process occurs, volatile chemicals such as diacetyl (known for its intense butter-like taste) are released, producing the characteristic caramel flavor.

Like the Maillard reaction, caramelization is a type of non-enzymatic browning. Unlike the Maillard reaction, caramelization is  pyrolytic, as opposed to being a reaction with amino acids.

When caramelization involves the disaccharide sucrose, it is broken down into the monosaccharides fructose and glucose.
Kopp–Etchells effect
The Kopp–Etchells effect is a sparkling ring or disk that is sometimes produced by rotary-wing aircraft when operating in sandy conditions, particularly near the ground at night. The name was coined by photographer Michael Yon to honor two soldiers who were killed in combat; Benjamin Kopp, a US Army Ranger, and Joseph Etchells, a British soldier. Both were killed in combat in Sangin, Afghanistan in July 2009.

Other names that have been used to describe this phenomenon include scintillation, halo effect, pixie dust, and corona effect.

Rotorcraft
A rotary-wing aircraft, rotorwing aircraft or rotorcraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft with rotary wings that spin around a vertical mast to generate lift. The assembly of several rotor blades mounted on a single mast is referred to as a rotor.

Rotorcraft generally include aircraft where one or more rotors provide lift throughout the entire flight, such as helicopters, gyroplanes, autogyros, and gyrodynes. Compound rotorcraft augment the rotor with additional thrust engines, propellers, or static lifting surfaces. Some types, such as helicopters, are capable of vertical takeoff and landing. An aircraft which uses rotor lift for vertical flight but changes to solely fixed-wing lift in horizontal flight is not a rotorcraft but a convertiplane.
Freija Van den Driessche
Freija Van den Driessche (born 8 January 1989 in Aalst) is a Belgian politician of the Vlaams Belang party who has served as a member of the Flemish Parliament since 2024 representing the East Flanders constituency.

Flemish Parliament
50°50′51″N 4°22′03″E﻿ / ﻿50.84750°N 4.36750°E﻿ / 50.84750; 4.36750

The Flemish Parliament (Dutch: Vlaams Parlementⓘ, formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad) constitutes the legislative power in Flanders for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and as a cultural community of Belgium (unlike the French Community and Wallonia, which each have separate legislatures: the Parliament of the French Community and the Parliament of Wallonia).

The Flemish Parliament approves decrees, which are Flemish laws, applicable to all persons in the Flemish Region, and to Flemish institutions in Brussels; it appoints and supervises the Flemish Government; and it approves the Flemish budget. The Flemish Parliament meets in the Flemish Parliament building in central Brussels, and its members and staff are housed in the House of the Flemish Representatives.
1989 French Open – Men's doubles
The men's doubles tournament at the 1989 French Open was held from 29 May until 11 June 1989 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Jim Grabb and Patrick McEnroe won the title, defeating Mansour Bahrami and Éric Winogradsky in the final.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
Brigadier General Charles E. McGee Library
The Brigadier General Charles E. McGee Library, formerly the Silver Spring Library, is part of the Montgomery County Public Libraries System. It opened to the public in 1931 and is currently located at 900 Wayne Avenue in Silver Spring, Maryland.
The library is named for Charles E. McGee, a Tuskegee Airman who had lived in Montgomery County.

Mango Languages
Mango Languages is an American online language-learning website and mobile app based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, for academic institutions, libraries, corporations, government agencies, and individuals.  A Mango membership can be free at local libraries, through Mango for Libraries, or a membership costs $11.99 per month for one language or $19.99 per month for access to all 71 languages.
HMS Brocklesby (M33)
HMS Brocklesby is a Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel of the British Royal Navy, her primary purpose is to find and neutralise sea mines using a combination of; Sonar, Mine Clearance Divers and the Seafox remotely operated vehicle (ROV).  The class are the largest warships of glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) construction, which gives the vessels a low magnetic signature.  In addition to her mine countermeasures activities, Brocklesby acts as an offshore patrol vessel, undertaking coastal patrol and fisheries protection duties.

From 2018 to 2021 Brocklesby was deployed in Bahrain at HMS Jufair as part of four minehunters of 9th Mine Countermeasures Squadron supported by a Royal Fleet Auxiliary Bay-class landing ship on Operation Kipion.

Maritime patrol
Maritime patrol or maritime reconnaissance is the task of monitoring areas of water. Generally conducted by military and law enforcement agencies, maritime patrol is usually aimed at identifying human activities.

Maritime patrol refers to active patrol of an area, as opposed to passive monitoring systems such as sound-detection fixtures or land-based spotters.  A patrol consists of a ship, submarine, aircraft or satellite examining the patrolled area and seeking out activities to be identified and reported.  Maritime patrol is critical in wartime situations for navies to locate enemy forces to engage or defend against.  Peacetime patrols are important for interdiction of criminal activities and for ensuring legal use of waters.

Maritime patrols can be conducted by surface ships and submarines, by aircraft (e.g. MPA) and other aerial vehicles, and even by satellites.  Human spotting remains an important part of detecting activity, but increasingly electronic systems are used.
Andriy Kis
Andriy Kis (born 27 May 1982 in Lviv) is a Ukrainian luger who has competed since 2003. Competing in two Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of 14th in the men's doubles event at Turin in 2006.

Kis's best finish at the FIL World Luge Championships in the men's double event was 14th twice (2008, 2009). His best finish at the FIL European Luge Championships was ninth in the men's doubles event at Sigulda in 2010.

Sigulda
Sigulda (pronunciationⓘ; German: Segewold; Polish: Zygwold) is a town and the centre of Sigulda Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, 53 kilometres (33 miles) from the capital city Riga. It's an important tourist center of Latvia. Its territory also includes the ancient centers of Turaida and Krimulda. At the beginning of 2024, Sigulda had 14,632 inhabitants, making it the 15th largest settlement in Latvia.
John Rolleston (British politician)
Sir John Fowke Lancelot Rolleston DL JP (26 March 1848 – 9 April 1919) was a British Conservative Party politician.

Rolleston was the eldest son of Rev. William Lancelot Rolleston, vicar of Great Dalby and Scraptoft, and his wife, Mary Sophia Fowke, daughter of Sir Frederick Gustavus Fowke, 1st Baronet.

He was educated at Repton School and King's College London. He was the leader of the Conservatives in Leicester. Following two defeats at the polls, he was elected as a Member of Parliament for Leicester in 1900; the seat then having two MPs. He sat until 1906 when he was again defeated by the Liberal-Labour coalition. At the January 1910 general election, he became the Conservative Member of Parliament for Hertford and held the seat until 1916. He was knighted in 1897.

Rolleston was also a prominent freemason. After several years of declining health, he died at his home in Glen Parva, Leicestershire, at the age of 71.

Leicester (UK Parliament constituency)
Leicester was a parliamentary borough in Leicestershire, which elected two members of parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1918, when it was split into three single-member divisions.
Canjáyar
Canjáyar is an agricultural town in Almería province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. It is situated along the river Andarax in the Alpujarra region of Almería 47 kilometers from the provincial capital, Almería. The mild climate in Canjáyar makes it a year-round tourist destination. Canjáyar is found at the foot of Sierra Nevada, looking over into the Sierra de Gádor. Surrounded by orchards, which are themselves served by a system of hundred year old aqueducts.

The town has held a yearly Holy Cross festival on April 19 since 1601.

Province of Almería
Almería (/ˌælməˈriːə/, also US: /ˌɑːl-/; Spanish: [almeˈɾi.a]) is a province of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Granada, Murcia, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is the homonymous city of Almería.

The province has an area of 8,773.06 km2 (3,387.30 sq mi), and a population of 760,964 across its 103 municipalities.
Coconinoite
Coconinoite is a uranium ore that was discovered in Coconino County, Arizona. It is a phosphate mineral; or uranyl phosphate mineral along with other subclass uranium U6+ minerals like blatonite, boltwoodite, metazeunerite and rutherfordine.

Uranyl
The uranyl ion is an oxycation of uranium having the formula UO2+2; it is the most common form of uranium(VI). Uranyl is linear with two short U–O bonds of 180 picometers.  Some important uranyl compounds are uranyl nitrate and several uranyl chlorides.
James Bulloch (footballer)
James Stewart Bulloch (23 October 1909 – 27 April 1992) was a Scottish footballer who played for  Hamilton Academical, Alloa Athletic and Dumbarton, mainly at left back. He captained Hamilton in the 1935 Scottish Cup Final which they lost 2–1 to Rangers, then won promotion from the second tier in 1938–39 with Alloa after being recruited by former Accies teammate Jimmy McStay who had taken over as manager. Bulloch served in the Lothians and Border Horse regiment during World War II, and moved to Germany to coach football after the war ended. Bulloch was in 1948 and 1949 coach in the Netherlands at AGOVV winning the Eerste klasse oost and was third in Dutch championship 1948/49.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
NetSuite
NetSuite Inc. is an American cloud based enterprise software company. They provide products and services tailored towards small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), including accounting, financial management, customer relationship management (CRM), inventory management, human capital management, payroll, procurement, project management, and e-commerce software. NetSuite was founded in 1998, and is currently headquartered in Austin, Texas. The company is seen as the first cloud computing software company, pre-dating Salesforce by roughly a month. Oracle acquired NetSuite for approximately $9.3 billion USD in November 2016. The Oracle NetSuite Global Business Unit is managed by Executive Vice President, Evan Goldberg.

Financial management
Financial management is the business function concerned with profitability, expenses, cash and credit. These are often grouped together under the rubric of maximizing the value of the firm for stockholders. The discipline is then tasked with the "efficient acquisition and deployment" of both short- and long-term financial resources, to ensure the objectives of the enterprise are achieved.

Financial managers (FM) are specialized professionals directly reporting to senior management, often the financial director (FD); the function is seen as 'staff', and not 'line'.
Haydn Gwynne
Haydn Gwynne (/ˈheɪdən ˈɡwɪn/; 21 March 1957 – 20 October 2023) was an English actress. She was nominated for the 1992 BAFTA TV Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance for the comedy series Drop the Dead Donkey (1990–1991), and won the 2009 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical for her role in the Broadway production of Billy Elliot the Musical. She was also a five-time Laurence Olivier Award nominee, winning posthumously in 2024. Her other television roles included Peak Practice (1999–2000), Merseybeat (2001–2002), and playing Camilla in The Windsors  from 2016 until her death in 2023.

Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical was an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in theatre across collective Broadway, off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City. The award was one of eight new acting awards first presented in 1975, when Drama Desk retired an earlier award that had made no distinction between work in plays and musicals, nor between actors and actresses, nor between lead performers and featured performers.

After the 2022 ceremony, all eight acting categories introduced in 1975 were retired. The award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical, along with Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical, were replaced in 2023 with the gender neutral category of Outstanding Featured Performance in a Musical.
2003–04 Western Football League
The 2003–04 season was the 102nd in the history of the Western Football League.

The league champions for the seventh time in their history were Bideford, but it was runners-up Paulton Rovers who took promotion to the Southern League. The champions of Division One were Hallen.

Paulton Rovers F.C.
Paulton Rovers Football Club is an English football club based on Winterfield Road in the growing village of Paulton near Bristol. They were established in 1881 and currently play in the Southern Football League Division One West, the eighth tier of English Football. The club is affiliated to the Somerset County FA.
Flag of Ivanovo Oblast
The flag of Ivanovo Oblast (Russian: Флаг Ивановской области), in the Russian Federation, is a vertical bicolour of red and blue charged with the coat of arms of Ivanovo Oblast on the top and white waves on the bottom.

The flag was adopted on 3 March 1998, by the Ivanovo Oblast Duma.

Ivanovo Oblast Duma
The Ivanovo Oblast Duma (Russian: Ивановская областная дума, romanized: Ivanovskaya oblastnaya duma) is the regional parliament of Ivanovo Oblast, a federal subject of Russia. A total of 26 deputies are elected for five-year terms.
Malaysia Federal Route 56
Jalan Bukit Fraser 1 or Jalan Gap-Bukit Fraser, Federal Route 56, is a federal road in Fraser's Hill, both in Selangor and Pahang state, Malaysia. Unlike most federal roads in Malaysia, Jalan Bukit Fraser is a single-lane federal road, which direction was used to be reversed hourly before the newer Jalan Bukit Fraser 2 route 148 was completed in 2001 for downhill traffic. Now the road is used for uphill traffic at all times. The road is only open during daytime for safety reasons. It is maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR) and the Fraser's Hill Development Corporation (FHDC).

One-way traffic
One-way traffic (or uni-directional traffic) is traffic that moves in a single direction.  A one-way street is a street either facilitating only one-way traffic, or designed to direct vehicles to move in one direction.  One-way streets typically result in higher traffic flow as drivers may avoid encountering oncoming traffic or turns through oncoming traffic.  Residents may dislike one-way streets due to the circuitous route required to get to a specific destination, and the potential for higher speeds adversely affecting pedestrian safety.  Some studies even challenge the original motivation for one-way streets, in that the circuitous routes negate the claimed higher speeds.
Bikhra Mera Naseeb
Bikhra Mera Naseeb (Urdu: بکھرا میرا نصیب, lit. 'My Scattered Destiny') is a 2014 Pakistani drama serial directed by Furqan Khan, produced by A&B Entertainment and written by Saima Younus. The drama stars Ayeza Khan, Sami Khan, Aleezay Rasul and Feroze Khan in lead roles. The drama was first aired 2 May 2014 on Geo Entertainment.

Asif Raza Mir
Asif Raza Mir (Urdu: آصف رضا میر) is a Pakistani film and TV actor and producer.

He is known for his roles in TV plays Samundar (1983), Tanhaiyaan (1985) and Ishq Gumshuda (2010) and the films Daaman (1980), Badaltay Mausam (1980), and Maan Jao Na (2018).

In 2020, he made his international debut with the British crime-drama series Gangs of London.
Villa Madama
Villa Madama is a Renaissance-style rural palace (villa) located on Via di Villa Madama #250 in Rome, Italy. Located west of the city center and a few miles north of the Vatican, and just south of the Foro Olimpico Stadium. Even though incomplete, this villa with its loggia and segmented columned garden court and its casino with an open center and terraced gardens, was initially planned by Raphael, and highly influential for subsequent architects of the High Renaissance.

High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.
INS Tanin (2012)
INS Tanin is an Israeli Dolphin 2-class submarine of Shayetet 7 flotilla.  The name means "crocodile" in modern Hebrew, but can also mean the sea monster "tannin". The submarine was launched in February 2012 in Kiel, Germany, and was delivered to the Israeli port city Haifa later that year, and entered service in 2014.

Shayetet 7
Shayetet 7 is the only submarine flotilla of the Israeli Navy. It is based in Haifa naval base and operates Dolphin-class submarines. It was established in 1959 and is considered an elite unit due to the nature of its services.
Shivam (2015 Kannada film)
Shivam is a 2015 Indian Kannada action thriller film written and directed by Srinivas Raju and produced by C. R. Manohar. It stars Upendra, Saloni Aswani, Ragini Dwivedi, Makarand Deshpande, Sharath Lohitashwa, P. Ravi Shankar and Srinivasa Murthy.

Shivam was released on 2 January 2015 and received positive reviews from critics. It was dubbed and released in Telugu as Brahmana in 2016.

Sharath Lohithaswa
Sharatchandra Lohithaswa (born 5 May 1972), known popularly as Sharath Lohithaswa, is an Indian actor who works predominantly in Kannada cinema alongside some Tamil and Telugu films. He has had a successful career in theatre, where he continues to work, and television. After working as a lecturer for a brief period, Sharath took to acting as a full-time profession and worked on stage following the footsteps of his father Lohithaswa. He began working in films in 1995 and has today established himself as a character actor.