hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solpugidae
Solpugidae is a family of solifuges or sun spiders. Solpugidae have groups of papillae on their pedipalps or sensory organs. The papillae come out of sockets that are characterized with the function of mechanoreceptor, and contact chemoreceptors, which allows them to respond to stimuli such as touch and sound.

Solifugae
Solifugae is an order of arachnids known variously as solifuges, sun spiders, camel spiders, and wind scorpions. The order includes more than 1,000 described species in about 147 genera. Despite their common names, they differ from both order Araneae (spiders) and order Scorpiones (scorpions). Most species of solifuges live in dry climates and feed opportunistically on ground-dwelling arthropods and other small animals. The largest species grow to a length of 12–15 cm (5–6 in), including legs. A number of urban legends exaggerate the size and speed of solifuges, and their potential danger to humans, which is negligible.
DoggoLingo
DoggoLingo is an Internet "language" that is created from word conversion, meme lexicon, and onomatopoeia. Emerging in the 2010s, DoggoLingo is implied to be a dog's own idiom, and is presented as a canine's thought process. Elyse Graham, assistant professor at Stony Brook University, describes DoggoLingo as "upbeat, joyful, and clueless in a relentlessly friendly way".

Conversion (word formation)
In linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation or null derivation, is a kind of word formation involving the creation of a word (of a new part of speech) from an existing word (of a different part of speech) without any change in form, which is to say, derivation using only zero. For example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green.

Conversions from adjectives to nouns and vice versa are both very common and unnotable in English; much more remarked upon is the creation of a verb by converting a noun or other word (for example, the adjective clean becomes the verb to clean).
Isuzu Cubic
The Isuzu Cubic (kana:いすゞ・キュービック) was a heavy-duty single-decker bus built by Isuzu between 1984 and 2000. The various models of the vehicle were primarily available as a city bus configuration, either a complete bus or a bus chassis.

Chassis
A chassis (US: /ˈtʃæ.si/, UK: /ˈʃæ.si/; plural chassis /-iz/ from French châssis [ʃɑsi]), is the load-bearing framework of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a vehicle frame, the underpart of a motor vehicle, on which the body is mounted; if the running gear such as wheels and transmission, and sometimes even the driver's seat, are included, then the assembly is described as a rolling chassis.
The Ottawa Free Trader
The Ottawa Free Trader was a weekly newspaper published in Ottawa, Illinois, from 1843 to 1916. It changed publishers several times during its run, but was most closely associated with William Osman.

Alonzo Delano was one of the Free Trader's most distinguished contributors. Between 1849 and 1852, during his travels to California with the 49ers, Delano sent travel journals to Osman colorfully describing his many adventures.

The Ottawa Free Trader ceased publication in 1916. The latest known issue is dated December 25, 1914.

Ottawa, Illinois
Ottawa is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. It is located at the confluence of the navigable Fox River and Illinois River, the latter being a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago to the Mississippi River. The population was 18,840 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Ottawa, Illinois, micropolitan area.
Jugnoo
Jugnoo (Urdu: جگنو, lit. 'Firefly') is a 2015 Pakistani romantic drama serial. It is based on the novel Shehzori by Mirza Azeem Baig Chughtai, with screenplay by Amna Mufti. The series is directed by Farooq Rind and produced by Momina Duraid. It stars Yumna Zaidi and Zahid Ahmed in lead roles. It was originally aired on Hum TV on Fridays at 8:00 pm, from 17 April 2015 succeeding Sadqay Tumhare in its timeslot.

Shabnam Romani
Mirza Azim Baig Chughtai (30 December 1928 – 17 February 2009), known in literary circles by his takhallus (pen name) Shabnam Romani (Urdu:  شبنم رومانی  ), was an Urdu poet based in Karachi, Pakistan. Shabnam Romani wrote several books including Jazeera, Doosra Himala, and Tohmat. Romani was born in Budaun, British India. He later moved to Pakistan and lived most of his life in Karachi.  He was the publisher and editor of the quarterly Aqdar, a literary Urdu magazine. He wrote a regular column in "Daily Mashriq" Karachi.

At the age of 80, Romani died on 17 February 2009, after a long illness.
His children include: Faisal Azeem, Saba Shabnam, Saman Shabnam, Kanwal Shabnam, Khurram Azeem, and Sahar Shabnam.

His son Faisal Azeem is a poet based in Canada—his book "Meri Aankhon saay Dekho" was published in 2006.

Shabnam's works

Masnavi Sair-e-Karachi (1959)

Jazeera

Tohmat

Doosra Himala

Hyde Park

Mozay Chilghozay

Hurf Nissbat

Hijrat
Agrahara Bachahalli
Agrahara Bachahalli  is a village in the southern state of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located in the Krishnarajpet taluk of Mandya district.

Agrahara Bachahalli is one of the most prosperous towns from the Hoysala period.

Mandya district
Mandya district is an administrative district of Karnataka, India. The district Mandya was carved out of larger Mysore district in the year 1939.

Mandya is the main town in Mandya district. As of 2011, the district population was 1,808,680 (of which 16.03% was urban).
John Gordon Skellam
John Gordon Skellam (1914-1979) was a statistician and ecologist, who discovered the Skellam distribution.

Skellam was born in Staffordshire. He was educated at Hanley High School where he won several scholarships including free admission to New College in Oxford. He was one of the most respected members of the British Region of the Biometric Society.

In 1951, John G. Skellam developed the reaction-diffusion model of invasion biology. This model describes the dynamics of populations, which simultaneously develops and spreads, and provides that the invasion front moves with constant speed. He explained on the basis of habitation muskrat introduced to Europe that only by chance the species may be in a place where it would have to grow.

Skellam has provided a model that allows to take the dynamics of populations as a random variable at any time t. Its stochastic form is much more flexible than previous deterministic equations.

Glossary of invasion biology terms
The need for a clearly defined and consistent invasion biology terminology has been acknowledged by many sources. Invasive species, or invasive exotics, is a nomenclature term and categorization phrase used for flora and fauna, and for specific restoration-preservation processes in native habitats. Invasion biology is the study of these organisms and the processes of species invasion.

The terminology in this article contains definitions for invasion biology terms in common usage today, taken from accessible publications.  References for each definition are included.  Terminology relates primarily to invasion biology terms with some ecology terms included to clarify language and phrases on linked articles.
Saigou Dam
Saigou Dam (Japanese: 西郷ダム（再）) is a gravity dam located in Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for power production. The catchment area of the dam is 647.8 km2. The dam impounds about 40  ha of land when full and can store 2452 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 2011 and completed in 2018.

Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture (宮崎県, Miyazaki-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.jaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ja.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.keɴ, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Miyazaki Prefecture has a population of 1,028,215 as of 1 January 2025 and has a geographic area of 7,735 km2 (2,986 sq mi). Miyazaki Prefecture borders Ōita Prefecture to the north, Kumamoto Prefecture to the northwest, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the southwest.

Miyazaki is the capital and largest city of Miyazaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Miyakonojō, Nobeoka, and Hyūga. Miyazaki Prefecture is located in southeastern Kyūshū on Japan's Pacific coast, with its coastline extending from Nobeoka near the entrance to the Bungo Channel to Shibushi Bay in Kushima.
Bathroom privileges
Bathroom privileges refers to the rules or the possibility of the use of a toilet. Most commonly, the term is used in the following settings:

In schools, it refers to permission for students to leave the classroom during lessons. Often this is associated with certain regulations, such as usage of the hall pass.

As a doctor's prescription, it refers to permission for a patient to use the facilities. This may be due to a medical condition requiring bed rest (e.g. high-risk pregnancy), or the avoidance of certain defecation postures (e.g. sitting or squatting)  Still another example is "BRP for bowel movement only". On the other hand, if a patient has a communicable disease, the physician may wish to restrict the chances of it spreading by disallowing them from using the shared toilet on the ward.

At some workplaces, it refers to formal rules, e.g. the number and the duration of the usage of the bathroom.

Toilet (room)
A toilet is a small room used for privately accessing the sanitation fixture (toilet) for urination and defecation. Toilet rooms often include a sink (basin) with soap/handwash for handwashing, as this is important for personal hygiene. These rooms are typically referred to in North America as half-bathrooms (half-baths; half of a whole or full-bathroom) in a private residence.

This room is commonly known as a "bathroom" in American English, a "toilet", "WC", "lavatory", "loo" or “bathroom”  in the United Kingdom and Ireland
, a "washroom" in Canadian English, and by many other names across the English-speaking world.
Chester Barnard
Chester Irving Barnard (November 7, 1886 – June 7, 1961) was an American business executive, public administrator, and the author of pioneering work in management theory and organizational studies. His landmark 1938 book, The Functions of the Executive, sets out a theory of organization and of the functions of executives in organizations. The book has been widely assigned in university courses in management theory and organizational sociology. Barnard viewed organizations as systems of cooperation of human activity, and wrote that they are typically short-lived. According to Barnard, organizations are generally not long-lived because they do not meet the two criteria necessary for survival: effectiveness and efficiency.

Senior management
Senior management, executive management, or upper management is an occupation at the highest level of management of an organization, performed by individuals who have the day-to-day tasks of managing the organization, sometimes a company or a corporation.
Drongen
Drongen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdrɔŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Tronchiennes, pronounced [tʁɔ̃ʃjɛn]) is a sub-municipality of the city of Ghent located in the province of East Flanders, Flemish Region, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1977. In 1967, part of the original municipality was already annexed to Ghent. On 1 January 1977, the municipality of Drongen was merged into Ghent.

Drongen is divided into three parishes: Drongen, Luchteren and Baarle.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Psilocybe thaicordispora
Psilocybe thaicordispora is a species of psilocybin mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. Found near Huai Nam Dang National Park (Chiang Mai Province, Thailand), where it grows on the ground in open subtropical forest at an elevation of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), it was described as new to science in 2012. The specific epithet thaicordispora refers to the section Cordisporae, and to Thailand.

Chiang Mai province
Chiang Mai is the largest province (changwat) of Thailand by area. It lies in upper northern Thailand and has a population of 1.78 million people. It is bordered by Chiang Rai to the northeast, Lampang and Lamphun to the south, Tak to the southwest, Mae Hong Son to the west, and Shan State of Burma to the north. The capital, Chiang Mai, is 685 kilometres (426 mi) north of Bangkok.
Child Flight
Child Flight was an Australian helicopter service dedicated to the emergency transport of sick children. It operated two twin-engined instrument-flight rated helicopters. As a not-for-profit organisation, the service relied on community support and corporate sponsorship to complement a government operating grant.

The service was located at the Newborn and paediatric Emergency Transport Service (NETS) statewide base at Westmead in Sydney. It was the preferred helicopter transport vehicle for NETS, the emergency medical transport service for newborns, infants and children. The service employed ten pilots, an aircraft maintenance engineer and fundraising and office staff.

Westmead, New South Wales
Westmead is a suburb in Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Westmead is located 26 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the local government areas of City of Parramatta and Cumberland Council and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.
2022 Tallahassee Tennis Challenger – Doubles
Orlando Luz and Rafael Matos were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Gijs Brouwer and Christian Harrison won the title after defeating Diego Hidalgo and Cristian Rodríguez 4–6, 7–5, [10–6] in the final.

Christian Harrison
Christian Harrison (born May 29, 1994) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 11 achieved on 2 February 2026 and a singles ranking of No. 198 reached on 2 July 2018. His best achievement is a major doubles title at the 2026 Australian Open, playing alongside Neal Skupski. He also reached a semifinal at the 2025 French Open, with compatriot Evan King.In mixed doubles, he reached two semifinals in the 2018 and 2025 editions of the US Open, with Christina McHale and Danielle Collins, respectively.

Harrison has won four ATP Tour doubles titles.
KRI Kelabang
KRI Kelabang (826), formerly known as KRI Pulau Rondo (725), is a Kondor II-class minesweeper originally built in East Germany and operated by the Volksmarine under the name Zerbst (335). After the dissolution of the Volksmarine prior to German reunification, the vessel was acquired by the Indonesian Navy in 1995 and was initially renamed Pulau Rondo before being renamed once more to Kelabang . Kelabang is one of the Indonesian Navy warships that serves under the Patrol Ship Unit of II Main Naval Base. This vessel is utilized to support various operational activities within the area of responsibility of II Main Naval Base, which extends from the waters of Sibolga to Bengkulu.  The name Kelabang had been used previously, but without a hull number.

Sibolga
Sibolga (formerly sometimes Siboga) is a city and a port located in the natural harbour of Sibolga Bay on the west coast of North Sumatra province, in Indonesia.

The city is located on the western side of North Sumatra facing the Indian Ocean, is a transit harbour to Nias Island, and was hard hit during the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Sibolga is also a semi-enclave within Central Tapanuli Regency, as Sibolga borders Central Tapanuli Regency in the north, east, and south, while it borders the Mentawai Strait in the west.

The city has an area of 10.77 km2 (4.16 sq mi) — the smallest city by land area in Indonesia. It had a population of 84,444 at the 2010 census and 89,584 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 91,265 - comprising 45,839 males and 45,426 females.
Milltown Public Schools
The Milltown Public Schools are a comprehensive community public school district, serving students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade from Milltown, in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 815 students and 76.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.6:1.

For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students attend Spotswood High School in Spotswood as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Spotswood Public Schools, which also serves students from Helmetta. As of the 2023–24 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 773 students and 57.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.6:1.

New Jersey Department of Education
The New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE) administers state and federal aid programs affecting more than 1.4 million public and non-public elementary and secondary school children in the state of New Jersey. The department is headquartered in the Judge Robert L. Carter Building in Trenton.
Ungava Fault Zone
The Ungava Fault Zone, also called the Ungava Transform Fault Zone and the Ungava Fault Complex, is a major strike-slip fault system in Davis Strait between Baffin Island and Greenland. Its faults are oriented northeast–southwest and were tectonically active in the Paleogene, during which the fault zone formed a boundary between the Greenland and North American plates. The Ungava Fault Zone connects the Baffin Basin in the north with the Labrador Basin in the south.

Baffin Basin
The Baffin Basin is an oceanic basin located in the middle of Baffin Bay between Baffin Island and Greenland. With a maximum depth of over 2,700 m (8,900 ft), the basin represents the deepest point of Baffin Bay. The basin formed as a result of seafloor spreading at the time of the opening of Baffin Bay around 56 million years ago.
Iphigénie en Tauride
Iphigénie en Tauride (French: [ifiʒeni ɑ̃ toʁid], Iphigenia in Tauris) is a 1779 opera by Christoph Willibald Gluck in four acts. It was his fifth opera for the French stage. The libretto was written by Nicolas-François Guillard.

With Iphigénie, Gluck took his operatic reform to its logical conclusion. The recitatives are shorter and they are récitatif accompagné (i.e. the strings and perhaps other instruments are playing, not just continuo accompaniment). The normal dance movements that one finds in the French tragédie en musique are almost entirely absent. The drama is ultimately based on the play Iphigenia in Tauris by the ancient Greek dramatist Euripides which deals with stories concerning the family of Agamemnon in the aftermath of the Trojan War.

Agamemnon
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (/æɡəˈmɛmnɒn/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων Agamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son (or grandson) of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodike, Orestes and Chrysothemis. Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. Agamemnon was killed upon his return from Troy by Clytemnestra, or in an older version of the story, by Clytemnestra's lover Aegisthus.
Borowe, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Borowe [bɔˈrɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sorkwity, within Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.

Masuria
Masuria (Polish: Mazury [maˈzurɨ] ⓘ; Masurian: Mazurÿ; German: Masuren [maˈzuːʁən] ⓘ) is an ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship (administrative area/province). Its biggest city, often regarded as its capital, is Ełk. The region covers a territory of some 10,000 km2 which approximately 500,000 people inhabit.

Masuria is bordered by Warmia, Powiśle and Chełmno Land in the west, Mazovia in the south, Podlachia and Suwałki Region in the east, and Lithuania Minor in the north.
John Rolls, 1st Baron Llangattock
John Allan Rolls, 1st Baron Llangattock, DL (19 February 1837 – 24 September 1912) was a British landowner, Conservative Party politician, socialite, local benefactor and agriculturalist. He lived at The Hendre, a Victorian country house north of Monmouth.

Socialite
A socialite is a person, typically a woman from a wealthy or aristocratic background, who is prominent in high society. A socialite generally spends a significant amount of time attending various fashionable social gatherings, instead of having traditional employment.
Ouroumonsi
Ouroumonsi, also known as Oroumonsi, is a town in the Ouenou arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 687.

09°53′56.9″N 03°20′57″E﻿ / ﻿9.899139°N 3.34917°E﻿ / 9.899139; 3.34917

Nikki, Benin
Nikki [ni.ki] is a town, arrondissement, and commune located in the Borgou Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 3171 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 99,251 people.

Nikki is a major centre of the Batonuo people and is home to a traditional king, resident in the centre of the town. The Gaani royal festival is held in the town annually. Before the colonial era, Nikki was one of the main political centers of the Borgu federation.
History of Kraków
Kraków is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland, with the urban population of 810,590 (June, 2025). Situated on the Vistula river (Polish: Wisła) in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1596, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918, and the capital of Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

Church of St. Michael the Archangel and St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr, Kraków
The Church of St. Michael the Archangel and St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr (Polish: Kościół św. Michała Archanioła i św. Stanisława Biskupa i Męczennika), known colloquially as the Church on the Rock (Polish: Kościół na Skałce) and Small Rock (Polish: Skałka) is a historic Roman Catholic conventual  church of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit located at 15 Skałeczna Street in Kazimierz, the former district of Kraków, Poland.

The crypt beneath the church serves as a Panthéon to distinguished Poles and citizens of Kraków. It is said to be the place where Saint Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Bishop of Kraków, was slain by the order of Polish king Bolesław II the Bold in 1079. This action resulted in the king's exile and the eventual canonization of the slain bishop.