hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tunga Bridge
Tunga Bridge in Thirthahalli, Karnataka, India, is one of the oldest bridges across the Tunga River.

This bridge is over 75 years old and it was designed by, and built under supervision of, Bharat Ratna Sir M. Visvesvaraya. The bridge connects the area Kuruvalli with Thirthahalli. Tunga Bridge is also called Jayachamarajendra Bridge.

The Tunga Bridge draws many visitors, especially on weekends to see the uniqueness of the bridge.

M. Visvesvaraya
Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Moːkśguṇam Viśveśvarayya; 15 September 1861 – 12/14 April 1962), also referred to by his initials, MV, was an Indian civil engineer, administrator, and statesman, who served as the 19th Dewan of Mysore from 1912 to 1918.

Visvesvaraya is regarded in India as one of the foremost civil engineers whose birthday, 15 September, is celebrated every year as Engineer's Day in India, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. He is also often regarded as "the maker of modern Mysore". According to Prajavani, a Kannada language newspaper, he is also the most popular figure in the southern Indian state of Karnataka.

Visvesvaraya worked as a civil engineer for the government of British India and later as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Mysore. For his services to British India, he was appointed CIE and later knighted KCIE. For his services to the Kingdom of Mysore and the Republic of India, he was awarded the Bharata Ratna by Government of India in 1955.
Rape myth
Rape myths are prejudicial, stereotyped, and false beliefs about sexual assaults, rapists, and rape victims. They often serve to excuse sexual aggression, create hostility toward victims, and bias criminal prosecution.

Extensive research has been conducted about types, acceptance, and impact of rape myths. Rape myths significantly influence the perspectives of jurors, investigative agencies, judges, perpetrators, and victims. False views about rape lead to victim blaming, shaming, questioning of the victim's honesty, and other problems. Determination of the guilt of the accused, and sentencing for sexual crimes, are also influenced by these beliefs.

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Nevada-California-Oregon Railway Co. General Office Building
The Nevada-California-Oregon Railway Co. General Office Building, commonly known as the N.C.O. Building, is a historic site in Alturas, California, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was built 1917–1918 to serve as the headquarters of the Nevada-California-Oregon Railway. It has been an Elks Lodge since at least 1974.

Alturas, California
Alturas (Spanish for "Heights"; Achumawi: Kasalektawi) is the only incorporated city in Modoc County, California, of which it is also the county seat. Located in the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California, the city had a population of 2,715 at the 2020 census. Alturas is located at the confluence of the south and north forks of the Pit River, east of the center of Modoc County, at an elevation of 4,370 feet (1,330 m). Alturas is one of the largest cities in the region and a local economic hub.
Marilena Neacșu
Marilena Neacșu (born 15 August 1961 in Sibiu, Romania) is a retired Romanian artistic gymnast. She won a silver medal with the Romanian team at the 1978 World Championships and was an alternate for the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Neacșu appeared in the 1990 Romanian/Canadian movie Campioana ("Reach for the Sky", or "La championne" in French). While shooting for the movie, she met her future husband, who was part of the crew. She then moved with him to Montreal, where they married and had three children.

Neacșu currently works at the "Club de gymnastique artistique Gadbois" in Montreal as a gymnastics coach. Her stepfather is Canadian film producer Rock Demers.

1978 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 19th Artistic Gymnastics World Championships were held in Strasbourg, France, in 1978 from October 23 to October 29.

This was the first world championships to make use of video replays. A video control system was installed near each apparatus to help judges in disputable situations. The system had first been used at the 1977 European Championships.

For the first time eight gymnasts were allowed to qualify to each of the apparatus finals, rather than six. This became the standard going forward.
14th Army Corps (Russian Federation)
The 14th Army Corps (Russian: 14-й армейский корпус, romanized: 14-y Armeyskiy Korpus) is a tactical formation of the Russian Ground Forces formed in 2017 as part of the Northern Fleet's coastal defence troops, currently under direct control of the Leningrad Military District.

The corps is located in Murmansk Oblast, with its headquarters in the city of Murmansk.

Tactical formation
In  military-style operations, a tactical formation (or tactical order) is the arrangement or deployment of movable military  or policing forces such as infantry, cavalry, AFVs, military aircraft, or naval vessels.
Corstorphine/Murrayfield (ward)
Corstorphine/Murrayfield is one of the seventeen wards used to elect members of the City of Edinburgh Council. Established in 2007 along with the other wards, it currently elects three Councillors.

As its name suggests, the ward's territory is based around the suburban communities of Corstorphine and Murrayfield in the west of the city, also including Balgreen, Broomhall, Carrick Knowe, Ravelston and Roseburn, Saughtonhall, with four large open areas comprising two golf courses, Edinburgh Zoo and the playing fields surrounding Murrayfield Stadium. A minor boundary change in 2017 saw the loss of the Forrester and West Coates neighbourhoods but the addition of Wester Broom and Orchard Brae South (between Roseburn Footpath and Stewart's Melville College) – there was a slight increase in the population, which in 2019 stood at 24,192.

Balgreen
Balgreen (/bɔːlˈɡriːn/ or /bɔːˈɡriːn/) is a suburb of Edinburgh, located approximately two miles west of the city centre, most commonly known for its primary school, Balgreen Primary. It is located to the west of Murrayfield and Saughtonhall, to the east of Corstorphine, and to the north of Gorgie. It is bound to the north by Corstorphine Hill, to the west by Carrick Knowe Golf Course, and roughly to the east by Water of Leith.
Ukraine at the 2023 Winter World University Games
Ukraine competed at the 2023 Winter World University Games in Lake Placid, United States, from 12 to 22 January 2023.

On 12 July 2022, it was announced that the Ukraine men's national ice hockey team was selected to compete at the Games. It will mark the return of the Ukraine team after the ten-year pause when the team last competed at the 2013 Winter Universiade. Ukraine will not compete in curling.

The national ice hockey team went on a tour in Canada before the Universiade. On December 30, the Ukrainian team lost 2–0 to the University of Saskatchewan Huskies.

On 28 December 2022, the Committee on the Physical Training and Sports of the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Ukraine announced that the Ukrainian team was expected to be represented by 61 athletes competing in 8 sports: biathlon, alpine skiing, Nordic combined, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, figure skating, ice hockey, and short track speed skating.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Nicolae Docan
Nicolae Docan (June 24, 1874–April 25, 1933) was a Romanian civil servant and historian.

Born in Bârlad, he attended secondary school in Galați, followed by the University of Paris, where he earned a degree in 1896. After several years as a magistrate and lawyer, he entered the Foreign Ministry. There, he gradually advanced through the ranks, attaining plenipotentiary status in 1918. He served as secretary general of the ministry from that September until June 1920. In November 1917, he joined the superior court of maritime prizes, remaining there until his death. For his work as a historian, Docan was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1915.

Galați
Galați (UK: /ɡæˈlæts/ gal-ATS, US: /ɡɑːˈlɑːts(i)/ gah-LAHTS(-ee), Romanian: [ɡaˈlatsʲ] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is the capital city of Galați County in the historical region of Western Moldavia, in eastern Romania. Galați is a port town on the river Danube. and the sixth-largest of all cities on the river Danube. According to the 2021 census it is the 8th most populous city in Romania. Galați is an economic centre based around the port of Galați, the naval shipyard, and the largest steel factory in Romania, Galați steel works.
Thrush-like schiffornis
Thrush-like schiffornis is a species complex that has been split into five species:

Brown-winged schiffornis, Schiffornis turdina

Russet-winged schiffornis, Schiffornis stenorhyncha

Foothill schiffornis, Schiffornis aenea

Northern schiffornis, Schiffornis veraepacis

Guianan schiffornis, 	Schiffornis olivacea

Each of these species was split from the species complex by the American Ornithologists' Union in 2013.

Foothill schiffornis
The foothill schiffornis, or foothill mourner, (Schiffornis aenea) is a Neotropical species of bird in the family Tityridae, the tityras, becards, and allies. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Little Pine River
The Little Pine River is a 29.7-mile-long (47.8 km) tributary of the Pine River of Minnesota in the United States. Via the Pine River it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. The Little Pine River begins in the northeast corner of Crow Wing County at the outlet of Little Pine Lake and flows southwest to its junction with the Pine River in Crow Wing State Forest.

Crow Wing County, Minnesota
Crow Wing County is a county in the East Central part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,123. Its county seat is Brainerd. The county was formed in 1857, and was organized in 1870.

Crow Wing County is included in the Brainerd, MN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Delahaye Racing
Delahaye Racing is a Belgian auto racing team based in Wavre, Belgium. The team has raced in the TCR International Series, since 2017. The team also races in the TCR Benelux Touring Car Championship, Michelin Le Mans Cup and Volkswagen Fun Cup. Having previously raced in the Blancpain Endurance Series amongst others.

Wavre
Wavre (French pronunciation: [wavʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Åve-el-Roman-Payis; Dutch: Waver [ˈʋaːvər] ⓘ) is a city and municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium.

Wavre is in the Dyle valley.  Most inhabitants speak French as their mother tongue and are called "Wavriens" and "Wavriennes".

The municipality consist of the following sub-municipalities: Bierges, Limal, and Wavre proper.

Wavre is also called "the City of the Maca", referring to the statue of the small boy trying to climb the wall of the city hall.  Tradition holds that touching the Maca's buttocks brings a year of luck.
José María Palacios Moraza
José María Palacios Moraza (September 2, 1935 – April 21, 2002), known by the pseudonym of Ogueta was a Basque pelota player in the category of hand-pelota. Often considered one of the best pelotaris of the history of Álava, in 1979 a professional fronton was named after him in Vitoria, the capital city of the province: the Ogueta fronton.

Álava
Álava (Spanish: [ˈalaβa]) or Araba (Basque pronunciation: [aˈɾaba]), officially Araba/Álava, is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Álava, former medieval Catholic bishopric and now Latin titular see.

Its capital city, Vitoria-Gasteiz, is also the seat of the political main institutions of the Basque Autonomous Community. It borders the Basque provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa to the north, the community of La Rioja to the south, the province of Burgos (in the community of Castile and León) to the west and the community of Navarre to the east. The Enclave of Treviño, surrounded by Alavese territory, is however part of the province of Burgos, thus belonging to the autonomous community of Castile and León, not Álava.

It is the largest of the three provinces in the Basque Autonomous Community in geographical terms, with 3,037 km2, but also the least populated with 331,700 inhabitants (2019).
Calledapteryx
Calledapteryx is a monotypic scoopwing moth genus in the family Uraniidae. Its only species, Calledapteryx dryopterata, the brown scoopwing moth, is found in eastern North America. Both the genus and species were first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1868.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
What Lies Before Us
What Lies Before Us is a comedic play by Morris Panych. It takes place in the Canadian Rocky Mountains in 1885, where a railway survey team, Keating and Ambrose, and their Chinese servant Wing, are stranded after being abandoned by their wilderness guide.  The play was a 2007 nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language drama.

Keating and Ambrose argue over what to do - winter approaches and their food supply is dwindling. Ambrose eventually decides to go for help, but an avalanche injures his leg and traps them. Ambrose learns that Keating has contracted rabies from a squirrel, and that he himself has gangrene on his injured leg. While Keating remains optimistic even after becoming paralyzed, Ambrose loses hope. Ultimately, both Keating and Ambrose die, and Wing is left alone to deliver a monologue in Chinese.

The premiere tour of What Lies Before Us featured:

Director: Jim Millan

Keating: Matthew MacFadzean

Ambrose: David Storch

Wing: Wayne Sujo

History of Chinese immigration to Canada
Chinese immigrants began settling in Canada in the 1780s. The major periods of Chinese immigration took place from 1858 to 1923, and indefinitely from 1947, reflecting changes in the Canada's immigration policy.

Chinese immigrants were initially sought after by Canadian employers as a source of cheap labour due to Canada's relative wealth at the time and the difficult economic conditions in China. Between 1880 and 1885, the primary work for Chinese labourers in Canada was on the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), but records of Chinese immigration start more than a century earlier.
Vimpa
A vimpa (plural: vimpae) is a veil or shawl worn over the shoulders of servers who carry the mitre and crosier during liturgical functions when they are not being used by the bishop, in the Roman Catholic, Anglican, and some other western churches.

Shawl
A shawl (from Persian: شال shāl) is a simple item of clothing, loosely worn over the shoulders, upper body and arms, and sometimes also over the head. It is usually a rectangular piece of cloth, but can also be square or triangular in shape. Other shapes include oblong shawls.
USS Puffer
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Puffer, named in honor of the pufferfish, which inflates its body with air.

USS Puffer (SS-268) was a Gato-class submarine, commissioned in 1943 and struck in 1960.

USS Puffer (SSN-652) was a Sturgeon-class submarine, commissioned in 1969 and struck in 1996.

USS Puffer (SSN-652)
USS Puffer (SSN-652), a Sturgeon-class nuclear attack submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the pufferfish, a saltwater fish with toxic spines that can inflate its body with water or air and is one of the most poisonous vertebrates in the world.
Batrachylidae
Batrachylidae is a family of frogs from southern South America (Argentina and Chile). Before being recognized as a family, Batrachylidae was included as a subfamily (Batrachylinae) in the family Ceratophryidae; this is the taxonomy still suggested by the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).

Integrated Taxonomic Information System
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is an American partnership of federal agencies designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the taxonomy of biological species. ITIS was originally formed in 1996 as an interagency group within the US federal government, involving several US federal agencies, and has now become an international body, with Canadian and Mexican government agencies participating. The database draws from a large community of taxonomic experts. Primary content staff are housed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and IT services are provided by a US Geological Survey facility in Denver. The primary focus of ITIS is North American species, but many biological groups exist worldwide and ITIS collaborates with other agencies to increase its global coverage.
Abrosaurus
Abrosaurus (/ˌæbroʊˈsɔːrəs/; 'delicate lizard' from the Greek αβρος meaning 'delicate' or 'dainty' and σαυρος meaning 'lizard') is a genus of macronarian sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period of what is now Asia. It is one of many dinosaurs found at the Dashanpu Quarry in the Sichuan Province of China. Like most sauropods, Abrosaurus was a quadrupedal herbivore. It was rather small for a sauropod, measuring no more than 9.1 metres (30 ft) long. Its head was boxy and topped with a tall, bony arch containing the nostrils. The generic name refers to the nature of the skull, with large openings separated by thin, bony struts. The only named species is A. dongpoi,  named after eleventh-century Chinese poet Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, who was born in Sichuan.

Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland, the Calcaire de Caen of France, the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, the Tiourarén Formationof Niger, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Rocks of the Middle Jurassic were formerly (until about 1980s) in Europe called Dogger or Brown Jurassic.
Jack Hoey
John Bernard Hoey (November 10, 1881 – November 14, 1947) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1906 through 1908 for the Boston Americans/Red Sox. Listed at 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m), 185 lb., Hoey batted and threw left-handed. A native of Watertown, Massachusetts, he was signed by Boston out of the College of the Holy Cross.

In a three-season career, Hoey was a .232 hitter (116-for-500) with 39 runs and 35 RBI in 146 games, including 10 doubles, five triples and 13 stolen bases. He did not hit a home run. He also made 126 outfield appearances at left field (111), right (11) and center (4), committing 19 error in 218 chances for a collective .913 fielding percentage.

Hoey died in Waterbury, Connecticut at age 66.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Glebovo, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast
Glebovo (Russian: Глебово) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Gostomlyansky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  12 (2010 census); 34 (2002 census);

Medvensky District
Medvensky District (Russian: Ме́двенский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,090 square kilometers (420 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Medvenka. Population: 16,324 (2021 Census); 16,558 (2010 Census);  19,220 (2002 Census); 21,528 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Medvenka accounts for 27.6% of the district's total population.
2021 Tali Open – Doubles
Frederik Nielsen and Tim Pütz were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Alexander Erler and Lucas Miedler won the title after defeating Harri Heliövaara and Jean-Julien Rojer 6–3, 7–6(7–2) in the final.

Alexander Erler
Alexander Erler (Austrian German: [alɛkˈsandɐ ˈɛrlɐ]; born 27 October 1997) is an Austrian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 32, achieved on 8 May 2023. He also reached a singles ranking of No. 322 on 4 October 2021.

Erler has won nine ATP Tour doubles titles, seven of them with compatriot Lucas Miedler.

Erler also earned ten doubles trophies on the ATP Challenger Tour, as well as multiple titles on the ITF Men's Tour.
Karin Oliver
Karin Oliver is a former singer for the Livonia, Michigan band His Name Is Alive. She was with the band from 1989 to 1998. After leaving the band following the USA release party for the Ft. Lake album, she pursued a career in marketing full-time. She married Steven Kreft in August 2000. Karin currently runs her own small marketing consulting agency in Wisconsin.

She has also provided vocals for Velour 100, a band founded by His Name Is Alive drummer Trey Many.

The last album featuring her vocals is "Always Stay Sweet," a limited edition album released years after her parting with His Name Is Alive, which was recorded with her singing covers of songs a capella, with instrumentation added after the fact.

Livonia, Michigan
Livonia (/ləˈvoʊnjə/ lə-VOHN-yə) is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Livonia is located roughly 20 miles (32.2 km) northwest of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 95,535. Originally organized as Livonia Township in 1835, it was incorporated as a city in 1950.