hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pacification of Ukrainians in Eastern Galicia
The Pacification of Ukrainians in Eastern Galicia was a punitive action against the Ukrainians in Galicia, carried out by police and military of the Second Polish Republic from September until November 1930 in reaction to a wave of sabotage and acts of terror perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists.

It took place in 16 Polish counties of three southeastern voivodeships. During the Interbellum this area was part of the so-called Eastern Lesser Poland province. Therefore, in Ukrainian and Polish literature this event is called "Pacification of/in Eastern Galicia" (Ukrainian: Пацифікація у Східній Галичині) (Polish: Pacyfikacja Galicji Wschodniej) and "Pacification of Eastern Lesser Poland" (Polish: Pacyfikacja Małopolski Wschodniej).

Terror (politics)
Terror (from French terreur, from Latin terror "great fear", terrere "to frighten") is a policy of political repression and political violence intended to subdue political opposition. The term first appears in the Reign of Terror, a revolutionary violence during the French Revolution, which also gave rise to the term terrorism.

Before the late twentieth century, the term "terrorism" in the English language was often used interchangeably with "terror". The term "terrorism" frequently refers to acts by groups with a limited political base or parties on the weaker side in asymmetric warfare, while "terror" refers to acts by governments.
The Deviants 3
The Deviants 3 is the third studio album by the UK underground group the Deviants, released in 1969.

Lead vocalist Mick Farren regards the album as the beginning of a divergence between himself and his fellow musicians, stating "I had one idea and the rest of them wanted to be a kind of Led Zeppelin guitar band". Soon after the band would split, with Farren going on to record the Mona – The Carnivorous Circus album. Farren eventually left the music business, while his ex-bandmates continued as the Pink Fairies.

UK underground
The British counter-culture or underground scene developed during the mid-1960s, and was linked to the hippie subculture of the United States. Its primary focus was around Ladbroke Grove and Notting Hill in London. It generated its own magazines and newspapers, bands, clubs and alternative lifestyle, associated with cannabis and LSD use and a strong socio-political revolutionary agenda to create an alternative society.
Foxwell
Foxwell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Herbert Foxwell (1849–1936), English economist

Ivan Foxwell (1914–2002), British screenwriter and film producer

Lady Edith Foxwell (1918–1996) "The Queen of London Cafe Society" and wife of Ivan

William Foxwell Albright (1891–1971) American scholar

Herbert Sydney Foxwell (1890–1943) cartoon illustrator

Owen Foxwell (born 2003), Australian basketballer

Ivan Foxwell
Ivan Cottam Foxwell (22 February 1914 – 16 January 2002) was a British screenwriter and film producer. The screenplay for Tiara Tahiti on which he worked was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Screenplay in 1962.

Foxwell died in London at the age of 87.
Kuopio school stabbing
The Kuopio school stabbing occurred on 1 October 2019 at Savo Vocational College in Kuopio, North Savo, Finland. Armed with a longsword, 25-year-old student Joel Otto Aukusti Marin killed a female student and wounded eleven others. He also carried an air pistol which was not used during the attack; it was initially mistaken for a real firearm. The attack ended when a policewoman shot and wounded Marin.

Savo Vocational College
Savo Vocational College is a vocational school run by the Savo Consortium for Education, operating at various campuses in the municipalities of Kuopio, Iisalmi, Varkaus and Siilinjärvi in Finland. In 2015, the vocational school had 5,721 students.

On 1 October 2019, a campus in Kuopio was attacked by a perpetrator armed with a sword, leaving one dead and ten injured. The assailant was shot twice by the police and taken into intensive care soon after.
Agrochemical
An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in conventional or industrial agriculture. Agrochemical typically refers to pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The term agrochemical is sometimes used informally synonymously with pesticides, sometimes also informally to mean pesticides and fertilizers, and sometimes more correctly to include all chemicals used in agriculture. Other chemicals used in agriculture are plant hormones and plant growth regulators (PGRs), insect attractants, insect repellents, plant defense inducers, herbicide safeners, adjuvents and co-formulants, soil conditioners and soil amendments, liming and acidifying agents. For livestock feed additives, animal growth regulators, anthelmintics and other antiparasitics are used.

Attract-kill pattern
An attract-kill pattern is essentially a biological interaction between plant roots and pathogens where plants entice pathogens towards their roots, to ultimately neutralize them. This has been seen to have an important role in the suppression of diseases such as Phytophthora in intercropping systems.

An example of this process can be seen in recent research from Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China where they indicated that maize roots attracted the zoospores of Phytophthora capsici and inhibited their motility while also causing cystospores lysis. The phenomenon has been found in various interactions between roots of non-host plant and Phytophthora.
Nio ES9
The Nio ES9 is an upcoming battery electric full-size luxury SUV manufactured by Chinese electric car company Nio. The ES9 was revealed through official documents on 8 January 2026. The ES9 serves as Nio's flagship SUV.

Nio Inc.
Nio Inc. (Chinese: 蔚来; pinyin: Wèilái; stylized as NIO) is a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Shanghai. Founded in 2014, it adopted its current name in 2016. The company designs and sells electric vehicles, including sedans and SUVs, and has expanded into smartphone development.

In 2018, Nio filed for an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange. It collaborates with the government-licensed vehicle manufacturer JAC Group to operate two production plants in Hefei, Anhui, China.

Nio operates more than 1,300 battery swapping stations in China (as of 2022). The company develops semi-autonomous and autonomous vehicle technologies and has participated in Formula E racing since 2014. In 2024, it launched the Onvo brand to serve the mass-market segment.
Abed Daoudieh
Abed Khalaf Daoudieh (23 April 1920 – 10 January 2015) was a Jordanian politician. He served as Awqaf and Islamic Affairs minister in 1984. He later served as governor of the governorates of Irbid, Balqa and Ma'an.

Balqa Governorate
Balqa' (Arabic: البلقاء Al Balqā’) is one of the governorates of Jordan. It is located northwest of Amman, Jordan's capital.

The governorate has the fourth largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan, and is ranked 10th by area. It has the third highest population density in the kingdom after Irbid Governorate and Jerash Governorate.
Jiagedaqi District
Jiagedaqi District or Jagdaqi District (Oroqen: Jagdaqi, meaning "area with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin"; simplified Chinese: 加格达奇区; traditional Chinese: 加格達奇區; pinyin: Jiāgédáqí Qū) is a district and the de facto seat of Daxing'anling Prefecture in Heilongjiang. Its physical location is in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia; however, it is de facto under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling Prefecture due to a lack of a suitable location for a seat in Daxing'anling itself. The government of Inner Mongolia disputes this arrangement.

Oroqen language
Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/ ORR-ə-chen, ORR-oh-; Oroqen Urkun; ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur), also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun or Ulunchun, is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect. It is spoken by the Oroqen people of Inner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and Heilongjiang in Northeast China.

Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.
Niklaus Riggenbach
Niklaus Riggenbach (21 May 1817 – 25 July 1899) was an Alsatian-born Swiss mechanic, railway engineer, politician and inventor of the rack railway system as well as the counter-pressure brake. Riggenbach was primarily known for introducing his railway system and using it within the tourism industry such as on the Rigi, Pilatus or even on the Nilgiri Mountain Railway in India. In 1878 he was the recipient of a gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris. He served on the Cantonal Council of Solothurn from 1866 to 1868.

Rigi
The Rigi (or Mount Rigi; also known as Queen of the Mountains) is a mountain massif of the Alps, located in Central Switzerland. The whole massif is almost entirely surrounded by the water of three different bodies of water: Lake Lucerne, Lake Zug and Lake Lauerz. The range is in the Schwyzer Alps, and is split between the cantons of Schwyz and Lucerne, although the main summit, named Rigi Kulm, at 1,797 meters above sea level, lies within the canton of Schwyz. The Rigi Kulm Hotel, established in 1816, is located on the summit.

The Rigi Kulm and other areas, such as the resort of Rigi Kaltbad, are served by Europe's oldest mountain railways, the Rigi Railways. The whole area offers many activities such as skiing or sledging in the winter, and hiking in the summer.
Modder River
The Modder River is a river in South Africa. It is a tributary of the Riet River  that forms part of the border between the Northern Cape and the Free State provinces. The river's banks were the scenes of heavy fighting in the beginning of the Second Boer War at the Battle of Modder River.

There is an inhabited farming place named "Modder River" just north of the confluence between this river and the Riet.

The Modder River is used extensively for irrigation, including the Krugersdrift Dam near Bloemfontein.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
The Regimental Band and Pipes
The Regimental Band and Pipes is a marching band from the South Carolina Corps of Cadets of the senior military college The Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina. It was founded in 1909 with marine general Harry K. Pickett in command. In 1991, the band participated in the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, becoming the first military college selected for the honor. They returned in 2010 as the only unit from the United States to appear at the Silver Jubilee of the Tattoo and appeared again in 2015 and 2024.

United States senior military college
In the United States, a senior military college (SMC) is one of six colleges that offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) programs under 10 U.S.C. § 2111a(f), though many other schools offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps under other sections of the law.  The six senior military colleges are:

Norwich University, in Northfield, Vermont

Texas A&M University, in College Station, Texas

The Citadel Military College of South Carolina, in Charleston, South Carolina

University of North Georgia, in Dahlonega, Georgia

Virginia Military Institute, in Lexington, Virginia

Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg, Virginia
M. Cristina Alcalde
M. Cristina Alcalde is professor of Global and Intercultural Studies at Miami University. Previously, she served as Marie Rich Endowed Professor of Women's and Gender Studies at the University of Kentucky, where she was also Associate Dean of Inclusion and Internationalization in the College of Arts and Sciences at the university. There, she was also an affiliate faculty member in the Social Theory, Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies, and Anthropology departments and worked with the Center for Research on Violence Against Women. Her research focuses on exclusion, leadership, gender violence, migration, and race and racialization.

Internationalization
Internationalization or Internationalisation is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets, although there is no agreed definition of internationalization. Internationalization is a crucial strategy not only for companies that seek horizontal integration globally but also for countries that addresses the sustainability of its development in different manufacturing as well as service sectors especially in higher education which is a very important context that needs internationalization to bridge the gap between different cultures and countries. There are several internationalization theories which try to explain why there are international activities.
Intracranial dolichoectasias
The term dolichoectasia means elongation and distension.  It is used to characterize arteries throughout the human body which have shown significant deterioration of their tunica intima (and occasionally the tunica media), weakening the vessel walls and causing the artery to elongate and distend.

Tunica intima
The tunica intima (Neo-Latin "inner coat"), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells (and macrophages in areas of disturbed blood flow), and is supported by an internal elastic lamina.  The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow.

The three layers of a blood vessel are an inner layer (the tunica intima), a middle layer (the tunica media), and an outer layer (the tunica externa).

In dissection, the inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle (tunica media) by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, because of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles.
Lolinato To-ong
Lolinato G. To-ong  was a Philippine Marine Corps officer and a posthumous recipient of the Philippines' highest military award for courage, the Medal of Valor. Then-First Lieutenant To-ong served with the 52nd Marine Company of the Force Reconnaissance Battalion during the 2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. In a military operation in Matanog, Maguindanao, To-ong and enlisted Marine Domingo Deluana were themselves wounded while providing suppressive fire to cover the medical evacuation of wounded fellow Marines. Despite their wounds, they continued maneuvering and providing cover fire until an RPG blast caught the pair.  To-ong and Deluana were killed in action.

Captain To-ong is buried in Section 1A at the Libingan ng mga Bayani in Taguig, Metro Manila.

The Philippine Navy's fast attack interdiction craft BRP Lolinato To-ong (PG-902) was named after Lt. To-ong.

2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front
The 2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front was a military campaign conducted by the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) against a Muslim secessionist group that took place during the presidency of Joseph Estrada in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao in the Philippines. The campaign was waged "to weaken the Moro Islamic Liberation Front's capability to undermine the territorial integrity of the Philippines and inflict harm on both government personnel and civilians".
Sacagawea's Nickname
Sacagawea's Nickname: Essays on the American West is a collection of essays by the American writer Larry McMurtry. It was published in 2001 by New York Review Books, and consists chiefly of articles, book reviews and also some interesting tidbits about the young woman that had appeared in the publishing house's affiliated magazine The New York Review of Books (NYRB) between 1997 and 2001. The book was generally well received by reviewers.

McMurtry dedicated the book to Barbara Epstein, editor of the NYRB.

New York Review Books
New York Review Books (NYRB) is the publishing division of The New York Review of Books. Its imprints are New York Review Books Classics, New York Review Books Collections, The New York Review Children's Collection, New York Review Comics, New York Review Books Poets, and NYRB Lit.
Outline of Arunachal Pradesh
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Arunachal Pradesh:

Arunachal Pradesh (/ərʊˌnɑːtʃəl prəˈdeɪʃ/; lit. 'Dawn-Lit Mountain Province') is a state in northeast India. It was formed from the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and India declared it as a state on 20 February 1987. Itanagar is its capital and largest town. It borders the Indian states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east, and a disputed 1,129 km border with China's Tibet Autonomous Region in the north at the McMahon Line. Arunachal Pradesh is claimed in its entirety by China as South Tibet as part of the Tibet Autonomous Region; China occupied some regions of Arunachal Pradesh in 1962 but later withdrew its forces.

Borders of India
The Republic of India shares borders with several sovereign countries; it shares land borders with China, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Pakistan share both land borders as well as maritime borders, while Sri Lanka shares only a maritime border through Ram Setu. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar and Indonesia.
John Wagner bibliography
John Wagner has worked on a wide range of British comics most notably working on Judge Dredd and the various spin-offs.

Wagner has often written under a number of pseudonyms, including John Howard, T. B. Grover and Keef Ripley.

Colin MacNeil
Colin MacNeil is a British comics artist, best known for his work on 2000 AD and in particular on Judge Dredd and other stories within his world like Shimura and Devlin Waugh.

MacNeil has illustrated cards for the Magic: The Gathering collectible card game.
McCabe Building (Victoria, Texas)
The McCabe Building in Victoria, Texas was built in 1908. The McCabe Building is an example of a local two story frame commercial structure. J. H. McCabe operated a grocery business in the building. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1986.

A neighboring business, Wholesale Tire Company, purchased the lot and building in 2013 because they needed more room for inventory and work space. The building was inspected and found to be losing structural integrity. The business decided it would be too large an investment to incorporate the building into their expansion plans. The building was scheduled to be demolished.

Victoria, Texas
Victoria is a city in and the county seat of Victoria County, Texas, United States. The population was 65,534 as of the 2020 census. The three counties of the Victoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 111,163 as of the 2000 census. Its elevation is 95 ft (29 m).

Victoria is located 30 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico. It is a two-hour drive from Corpus Christi, Houston, San Antonio, and Austin.

The city is named for General Guadalupe Victoria, who became the first president of independent Mexico.  It is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Texas.
Antonia Delaere
Antonia Delaere (born 1 August 1994) is a Belgian basketball player for Perfumerías Avenida, in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto, the Spanish Women's League. She also plays in the Belgian national team.

She participated at the EuroBasket Women 2017, the EuroBasket Women 2021 where Belgium won the bronze medal. She was also part of the Belgian squad that became European champion in 2023 and 2025. In that latter tournament, she became the unlikely match winner for Belgium in both the semi-final against Italy and the final against Spain making clutch match winning baskets allowing Belgium to overtake the lead in both games with reps. 17 and 5 seconds left on the clock.

CB Avenida
Perfumerías Avenida Baloncesto formerly C.B. Halcón Viajes, is a women's professional basketball team based in Salamanca, Spain. The team currently plays in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto.

In 2011 Perfumerías Avenida won the Euroleague, and was runner-up in 2009 and 2021.
Wings (1996 video game)
Wings is a freeware video game by Miika Virpioja for MS-DOS. The gameplay is similar to the 1982 Gravitar arcade video game where the player flies a small ship over a landscape using rotate and thrust controls.

The player can select one of 33 weapons, and the surroundings can be destroyed.  In the original shareware release, some weapons were locked until the game was registered. The game includes multiplayer through linked computers or two or more players using one keyboard plus gamepads/joysticks. The game includes a level editor.

Level editor
A level editor (also known as a map, campaign or scenario editor) is a game development tool used to design levels, maps, campaigns and virtual worlds for a video game. An individual involved with the development of game levels is a level designer or mapper.

Official level editors are typically made to assist game development or to allow for greater player creativity, while fan-made editors are usually created for easier modding. Level editors vary in complexity; editors used in game development are usually more difficult and extensive than those made with players in mind.

Modern level editors often allow to upload created levels online and play other uploaded user-made levels. Level editors often have a substantial effect on the game's longevity.
Chorismate lyase
The enzyme chorismate lyase (EC 4.1.3.40) catalyzes the first step in ubiquinone biosynthesis, the removal of pyruvate from chorismate, to yield 4-hydroxybenzoate in Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. It belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the oxo-acid-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is chorismate pyruvate-lyase (4-hydroxybenzoate-forming). Other names in common use include CL, CPL, and UbiC.

This enzyme catalyses the chemical reaction:

chorismate  4-hydroxybenzoate + pyruvate

The chorismate pyruvate lyase (CPL) catalyzed reaction.

Its activity does not require metal cofactors.

Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell.

Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or converted to fatty acids through a reaction with acetyl-CoA. It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation.

Pyruvic acid supplies energy to cells through the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) when oxygen is present (aerobic respiration), and alternatively ferments to produce lactate when oxygen is lacking.