hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Materia medica
Materia medica (lit.: 'medical material/substance') is a Latin term from the history of pharmacy for the body of collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing (i.e., medications). The term derives from the title of a work by the Ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides in the 1st century AD, De materia medica, 'On medical material' (Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς, Peri hylēs iatrikēs, in Greek).

The term materia medica was used from the period of the Roman Empire until the 20th century, but has now been generally replaced in medical education contexts by the term pharmacology. The term survives in the title of the British Medical Journal's "Materia Non Medica" column.

Valerius Cordus
Valerius Cordus (18 February 1515 – 25 September 1544) was a German physician, botanist and pharmacologist who authored the first pharmacopoeia North of the Alps and one of the most celebrated herbals in history. He is also widely credited with developing a method for synthesizing ether (which he called by the Latin name oleum dulce vitrioli, or "sweet oil of vitriol").

Cordus wrote prolifically, and identified and described several new plant species and varieties. The plant genus Cordia is named for him.
AdventHealth North Pinellas
Tarpon Springs Hospital Foundation Inc doing business as AdventHealth North Pinellas, is a non-profit hospital campus in Tarpon Springs, Florida, United States. It became part of the AdventHealth hospital network following a merger with University Community Health in September 2010. The medical facility is a tertiary and primary stroke center that has multiple specialties.

In the 1990s, there was a feud over the hospital between Tarpon Springs and the Tarpon Springs Hospital Foundation. Before merging the hospital had been in debt and owed over $31 million, due to this Standard & Poor's gave it a "junk bond level". AdventHealth North Pinellas has been evacuated four times due to hurricanes since 2017.

Debt
Debt is an obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money borrowed or otherwise withheld from another party, the creditor. Debt may be owed by a sovereign state or country, local government, company, or an individual. Commercial debt is generally subject to contractual terms regarding the amount and timing of repayments of principal and interest. Loans, bonds, notes, and mortgages are all types of debt. In financial accounting, debt is a type of financial transaction, as distinct from equity.

The term can also be used metaphorically to cover moral obligations and other interactions not based on a monetary value. For example, in Western cultures, a person who has been helped by a second person is sometimes said to owe a "debt of gratitude" to the second person.
Devendra Paudel
Devendra Paudel is a Nepalese politician serving as a Member Of House Of Representatives (Nepal) who was also Education Minister of Nepal. He was elected from Baglung-2, Province No. 3. He is a member of CPN (Maoist Centre).

Baglung
Baglung is a municipality in Gandaki Province, in western Nepal, 275 km (171 mi) west of Kathmandu. It is the administrative headquarters of Baglung District. Baglung serves as the major center for business, finance, education, service and healthcare for the people of mid-Kali Gandaki valley that encompass Beni, Jaljala, Baglung, Kushma, Kathekhola, Galkot, Phalewas and Jaimuni local bodies. The city is located at the cross-section of Kaligandaki corridor highway and midhill highway that transverse Nepal in north–south and east–west directions respectively.
Goodale State Park
Goodale State Park is a South Carolina state park located just outside Camden, SC. In addition to a 140-acre (0.57 km2) lake, that is actually a Civil War era mill pond, this park also has canoe access to Pine Tree Creek. A canoe trail follows this creek for three miles (5 km) as it winds through the parks tall cypress trees. Admission to the park is free.

Cypress
Cypress is a common name for species in several genera in the family Cupressaceae. They grow in temperate climates and subtropical regions of Asia, Europe, and North America.

The word cypress is derived from Old French cipres, which was imported from Latin cypressus, the latinisation of the Greek κυπάρισσος (kyparissos). The name derives from Cyparissus, a mythological figure who was turned into a cypress tree after killing a stag.
1878 Quebec general election
The 1878 Quebec general election was held on May 1, 1878 to elect members of the 4th Legislative Assembly for the Province of Quebec, Canada. The result was a hung parliament, with no party having a clear majority. Only one seat divided the two major parties, the Quebec Conservative Party and the Quebec Liberal Party.  The balance of power was held by two Independent Conservatives.

The incumbent premier, Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, was able to form a minority government with the support of the Independent Conservatives, even though the Conservative Party had one seat more than the Liberals.

Premier of Quebec
The premier of Quebec (French: premier ministre du Québec [pʁəmje ministʁ dy kebɛk] (masculine) or première ministre du Québec [pʁəmjɛʁ-] [feminine]) is the first minister and head of government of the Canadian province of Quebec. The current premier of Quebec is François Legault of the Coalition Avenir Québec, sworn in on October 18, 2018, following that year's election.
Coleraine Town (District Electoral Area)
Coleraine Town was one of the three district electoral areas in Coleraine, Northern Ireland which existed from 1985 to 1993. The district elected seven members to Coleraine Borough Council, and formed part of the East Londonderry constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Coleraine Area C which had existed since 1973, and contained the wards of Ballysally, Central, Churchland, Cross Glebe, Mount Sandel, university and Waterside. It was abolished for the 1993 local elections, with Central, Churchland, Mount Sandel and Waterside moving to the new Coleraine Central DEA and Ballysally, Cross Glebe and University moving to the new Coleraine East DEA.

Coleraine East (District Electoral Area)
Coleraine East was one of the four district electoral areas in Coleraine, Northern Ireland, which existed from 1993 to 2014. This district elected five members to Coleraine Borough Council, and formed part of the East Londonderry constituencies for both the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was established for the 1993 local elections, and comprised the wards of Ballysally, Cross Glebe, Dundoonan, Dunluce, and University. It was abolished for the 2014 local elections and replaced by the Coleraine DEA.
Bobrovichi (air base)
Bobrovichi is an air base in Belarus located 16 km northeast of Kalinkavichy in Gomel Region. It is nearby Bobrovichi town (ru:Бобровичи (Гомельская область)).

It is a large airfield with two large tarmacs on either side, and two alert revetments holding about 10 fighters each.   It was home to the 953rd Bomber Aviation Regiment (953 BAP) flying Sukhoi Su-24 aircraft from 1978. The regiment was subordinated to 1st Guards Bomber Aviation Division in Lida (1960-1980) and then 32nd Bomber Aviation Division (1980-1992). It also hosted 368th Independent Shturmovik Aviation Regiment (368 OShAP) during the mid-1980s (to 1988).

The 953rd Bomber Aviation Regiment in 1994 transferred to Kamenka, Penza Oblast, and was absorbed by the 20th Guards Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment.

Sukhoi Su-24
The Sukhoi Su-24 (NATO reporting name: Fencer) is a supersonic, all-weather tactical bomber developed in the Soviet Union. The aircraft has a variable-sweep wing, twin engines and a side-by-side seating arrangement for its crew of two. It was the first of the USSR's aircraft to carry an integrated digital navigation/attack system.

The Su-24 started development in the early 1960s and first flew in 1967. It entered service in 1974 and production ceased in 1993. It remains in service with the Russian Aerospace Forces, Iranian Air Force, Ukrainian Air Force, Algerian Air Force and various other air forces to which it was exported.
Phyllonorycter malella
Phyllonorycter malella, the apple tentiform leafminer, is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia (Altai), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

The larvae feed on Cotoneaster hissarica, Crataegus species (including Crataegus hissarica), Cydonia species (including Cydonia oblonga), Malus species (including Malus domestica, Malus pumila and Malus sieversii) and Pyrus communis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Malus sieversii
Malus sieversii is a wild apple. According to DNA analysis conducted in 2010, it is the primary ancestor of the domesticated apple, M. domestica. Its scientific name is accredited to Johann August Carl Sievers.

Native to Central Asia, M. sieversii prefers warm and damp habitats. Its conservation status is vulnerable.
Pine Mountain Regional Library System
The Pine Mountain Regional Library System is a group of seven public libraries that serve Meriwether, Upson, Talbot, and Taylor counties in Georgia, United States. The library regional headquarters is located in Manchester, Georgia.

Pine Mountain Library is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to the system's collection of 10.6 million books. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

Meriwether County, Georgia
Meriwether County is a county in the West Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,613. The county seat is Greenville, home of the Meriwether County Courthouse. The county was formed on December 14, 1827, as the 73rd county in Georgia. It was named for David Meriwether, a general in the American Revolutionary War and member of Congress from Georgia.

Meriwether County is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell MSA.
Wolfurt railway station
Wolfurt railway station (German: Bahnhof Wolfurt) is a railway station in the municipality of Wolfurt, in the district of Bregenz, in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It is located on the Vorarlberg line of Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB). Adjacent to the station is the Wolfurt Freight Centre, also known as ÖBB Terminal Wolfurt, a major goods station.

Goods station
A goods station (also known as a goods yard or goods depot) or freight station is, in the widest sense, a railway station where, either exclusively or predominantly, goods (or freight), such as merchandise, parcels, and manufactured items, are loaded onto or unloaded from ships or road vehicles and/or where goods wagons are transferred to local sidings.

A station where goods are not specifically received or dispatched but simply transferred on their way to their destination between the railway and another means of transport, such as ships or lorries, may be referred to as a transshipment station. This often takes the form of a container terminal and may also be known as a container station.

Goods stations were more widespread in the days when the railways were common carriers and were often converted from former passenger stations whose traffic had moved elsewhere.
J. Prakash Kumar
J. Prakash Kumar is an Independent politician from India. He was elected as a member of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly from Muthialpet (constituency). He defeated Vaiyapuri Manikandan of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam by 934 votes in 2021 Puducherry Assembly election.

He was represented in the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) led by the All India NR Congress has won the majority.

Muthialpet Assembly constituency
Muthialpet is a legislative assembly constituency in the Union territory of Puducherry in India.
 This constituency covers the area under wards 1-4 and 6-8 of Puducherry Municipality. Muthialpet Assembly constituency is a part of Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency.
Mount Adnah Cemetery
Mount Adnah Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery located at Fulton in Oswego County, New York.  It was designed in 1853 and within the boundaries of this contributing site are two contributing buildings (superintendent's house and barn), 10 contributing structures, and five contributing objects. Notable burials include M. Lindley Lee (1805–1876) and Albert Lindley Lee (1834–1907).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
1246 Chaka
1246 Chaka, provisional designation 1932 OA, is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 18 kilometers (11 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 23 July 1932, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The uncommon A/Sl-type asteroid has a longer than average rotation period of 25.5 hours. It was named for the Zulu King Shaka.

Union Observatory
Union Observatory, also known as Transvaal Observatory, Republic Observatory and Johannesburg Observatory (078), is a defunct astronomical observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa that operated from 1903 to 1971. It is located on Observatory Ridge, the city's highest point at 1,808 metres altitude in the suburb Observatory.

The observatory and its former annex, the § Leiden Southern Station, are known for the discovery of 6,000 double stars and for Proxima Centauri, made by astronomer Robert Innes. At the observatory, 578 identifications of minor planet were made, a record number at the time. The Minor Planet Center credits the observatory as the site where 147 minor planets were discovered by astronomers Harry Wood, Cyril Jackson, Hendrik van Gent, Ernest Johnson, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Jacobus Bruwer and Joseph Churms (see § List of discovered minor planets).
Dirty Looks (non-profit)
Dirty Looks is a nonprofit collective for queer film, video and performance that launched in 2011. Dirty Looks has used film and time-based art to illuminate queer histories and liminal spaces across Los Angeles and New York City. Sites of screenings include The Museum of Modern Art, The Kitchen, The Hammer, MOMA, ONE Archives, Artists Space, the Egyptian Theatre, Downtown Independent, REDCAT, Echo Park Film Center and Judson Memorial Church. Dirty Looks began regular Los Angeles programming in January 2015. Bradford Nordeen is the founder and creative director.

Downtown Independent
The Downtown Independent (formerly the ImaginAsian Center) was a one screen theater and cinema located at 251 S. Main Street in the downtown area of Los Angeles, California. It was operated by the Downtown Independent and owned by Orange County, California's Cinema Properties Group. The venue is slightly less than 10,000 square feet (930 m2) and had stadium seating for 222.

Film premieres at the theater include The Miracle Song, Goodbye Promise and Regular Show: The Movie.
2014 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 2014 Thomas & Uber Cup was the 28th tournament of the Thomas Cup and 25th tournament of the Uber Cup, the badminton team championships for men and women respectively. It was held on 18–25 May 2014 at the Siri Fort Sports Complex in New Delhi, India. This is the first time India hosted the two cups.

The Thomas Cup final featured two teams not expected to make it there as Japan faced Malaysia. In a back-and-forth contest, Japan came out on top by a score of 3 matches to 2, winning their first Thomas Cup. The Uber Cup final featured the top two teams, China and Japan. Backed by wins from the world's top two singles players, China came out on top by a 3–1 score. It was their 13th title overall.

China national badminton team
The China national badminton team (Chinese: 中国国家羽毛球队; pinyin: Zhōngguó guójiā yǔmáoqiú duì) is a badminton team that represents the People's Republic of China in international badminton team competitions. In addition to the first national team, there is also the second national badminton team of China. Immediately afterward, there is the China National Badminton National Youth Team. All team procedures are managed by the China Badminton Association. The Chinese National Badminton Team is the most successful badminton team in history, having won 11 Thomas Cups, 16 Uber Cups, and 13 Sudirman Cups. China is also the only country to achieve a clean sweep gold medal in 2012 Olympics.
Dungeons of Dreadrock
Dungeons of Dreadrock is a puzzle video game created by German indie developer Christoph Minnameier. It is set in a Nordic fantasy world, where the player assumes the role of a young woman who rescues her brother from the eponymous cave system. The game was released in 2022 for Android, iOS, Windows, and Nintendo Switch.

A sequel Dungeons of Dreadrock 2: The Dead King's Secret was released on November 28, 2024 for the Nintendo Switch.

Nordic folklore
Nordic folklore is the folklore of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. It has common roots with, and has been under mutual influence with, folklore in England, Germany, the Low Countries, the Baltic countries, Finland and Sápmi. Folklore is a concept encompassing expressive traditions of a particular culture or group. The peoples of Scandinavia are heterogenous, as are the oral genres and material culture that has been common in their lands. However, there are some commonalities across Scandinavian folkloric traditions, among them a common ground in elements from Norse mythology as well as Christian conceptions of the world.

Among the many tales common in Scandinavian oral traditions, some have become known beyond Scandinavian borders – examples include The Three Billy Goats Gruff and The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body.
Flux balance analysis
In biochemistry, flux balance analysis (FBA) is a mathematical method for simulating the metabolism of cells or entire unicellular organisms, such as E. coli or yeast, using genome-scale reconstructions of metabolic networks. Genome-scale reconstructions describe all the biochemical reactions in an organism based on its entire genome. These reconstructions model metabolism by focusing on the interactions between metabolites, identifying which metabolites are involved in the various reactions taking place in a cell or organism, and determining the genes that encode the enzymes which catalyze these reactions (if any).

Metabolic network
A metabolic network is the complete set of metabolic and physical processes that determine the physiological and biochemical properties of a cell. As such, these networks comprise the chemical reactions of metabolism, the metabolic pathways, as well as the regulatory interactions that guide these reactions.

With the sequencing of complete genomes, it is now possible to reconstruct the network of biochemical reactions in many organisms, from bacteria to human. Several of these networks are available online:
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), EcoCyc, BioCyc and metaTIGER.
Metabolic networks are powerful tools for studying and modelling metabolism.
James A. Evans
James Armstrong Evans (1827–1887) was a British-born civil engineer who was part of the effort to build the Union Pacific Railroad's initial line. Evans was present at the golden spike ceremony on May 10, 1869, that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory. Evans was also in the Russell photograph of the event.

Andrew J. Russell
Andrew Joseph Russell (March 20, 1829 – September 22, 1902) was an American photographer of the American Civil War and the Union Pacific Railroad. Russell photographed construction of the Union Pacific (UP) in 1868 and 1869.
Falkirk Grahamston railway station
Falkirk Grahamston railway station is one of two railway stations serving the town of Falkirk in Scotland. It is located on the Edinburgh to Dunblane Line and also the Cumbernauld Line. Train services are provided by ScotRail. The "Highland Chieftain", the daily London North Eastern Railway service from London King's Cross to Inverness and vice versa also calls here.

Falkirk is also served by the railway station at Falkirk High.

Highland Chieftain
The Highland Chieftain is a named British passenger train operated by London North Eastern Railway. It operates daily in each direction between London King's Cross and Inverness via the East Coast and Highland Main Line. It is one of the longest train journeys in the United Kingdom at 581 miles with a journey time of eight hours.
Pat Ross (American football)
Patrick George Ross (born March 16, 1983) is an American former football center. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He graduated from St. Xavier High School in 2001 and played college football at Boston College.

Ross has also been a member of the New England Patriots, Indianapolis Colts, Carolina Panthers and Arizona Cardinals.

St. Xavier High School (Ohio)
St. Xavier High School (/ˈzeɪvjər/ ZAY-vyər; often abbreviated St. X) is a private, college-preparatory high school located just outside of Cincinnati, in the Finneytown neighborhood of Springfield Township, Hamilton County, Ohio. The independent, non-diocesan school is operated by the Midwest Province of the Society of Jesus as one of four all-male Catholic high schools in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. Aside from colleges and universities, St. Xavier is the second-largest private school in Ohio and one of the 100 largest schools in the state, with 1,415 enrolled students as of the 2025-2026 school year.

St. Xavier is the oldest high school in the Cincinnati area and one of the oldest in the nation. It grew out of the Athenaeum, which opened in 1831 in downtown Cincinnati. From 1869 to 1934, the high school program formed the lower division of St. Xavier College, now Xavier University. The high school moved to its present location in 1960.
Texas State Highway 274
State Highway 274 (SH 274) is a Texas state highway that runs from Kemp south to Trinidad along the western side of Cedar Creek Reservoir.  The route was designated on August 1, 1938 along its current route.

Cedar Creek Reservoir (Texas)
Cedar Creek Reservoir is a reservoir located in Henderson and Kaufman Counties, Texas (USA), 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Dallas. It is built on Cedar Creek, which flows into the Trinity River. Floodwaters are discharged through a gated spillway into a discharge channel that connects to the Trinity River.
Przystawy, Sławno County
Przystawy [pʂɨsˈtavɨ] (German Pirbstow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Malechowo, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Malechowo, 19 km (12 mi) west of Sławno, and 157 km (98 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Sławno
Sławno [ˈswavnɔ] (Kashubian: Słôwno, German: Schlawe) is a town on the Wieprza river in Middle Pomerania region, north-western Poland, with 12,511 inhabitants (2019). It is the administrative seat of Gmina Sławno, though not part of it. The town is also the capital of Sławno County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship.