hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sterling silver
Sterling silver is an alloy composed by weight of 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals, usually copper. The sterling silver standard has a minimum millesimal fineness of 925.

Fine silver, which is 99.9% pure silver, is relatively soft, so silver is usually alloyed with copper to increase its hardness and strength. Sterling silver is prone to tarnishing, and elements other than copper can be used in alloys to reduce tarnishing, as well as casting porosity and firescale. Such elements include germanium, zinc, platinum, silicon, and boron. Recent examples of these alloys include argentium, sterlium and silvadium.

Porosity
Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Strictly speaking, some tests measure the "accessible void", the total amount of void space accessible from the surface (cf. closed-cell foam).

There are many ways to test porosity in a substance or part, such as industrial CT scanning.

The term porosity is used in multiple fields including pharmaceutics, ceramics, metallurgy, materials, manufacturing, petrophysics, hydrology, earth sciences, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and engineering.
Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar
Prince William Augustus Edward of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, KP, GCB, GCH, GCVO, PC (Ire) (11 October 1823 – 16 November 1902) was a British military officer of German descent. After a career in the Grenadier Guards, he became Major General commanding the Brigade of Guards and General Officer Commanding the Home District in 1870, General Officer Commanding Southern District in October 1878 and Commander-in-Chief, Ireland in October 1885. He was promoted to field marshal in 1897 despite his career including no great military achievements.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Lydia Bailey
Lydia Bailey is a 1952 American historical adventure film directed by Jean Negulesco and starring Dale Robertson, Anne Francis and Charles Korvin. It was made by 20th Century Fox and based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Kenneth Roberts.

Charles Korvin
Charles Korvin (born Géza Kárpáthi, November 21, 1907 – June 18, 1998) was a Hungarian-American film, television and stage actor. He was also a professional still and motion picture photographer and a master chef.
Helena Ekholm
Helena Ekholm (née Jonsson) (born 6 September 1984) is a Swedish former biathlete. She was born in Helgum, Sollefteå. She is the 2009 world champion in pursuit and the 2011 world champion in individual. She also won the Women's Overall World Cup in the 2008–09 season. In 2009, Ekholm won the Jerring Award.

Sollefteå Municipality
Sollefteå Municipality (Swedish: Sollefteå kommun) is a Swedish municipality in Västernorrland County. Its seat is located in Sollefteå.

The former City of Sollefteå (instituted in 1917) was amalgamated with the surrounding entities in 1974 to form the present municipality. It consists of fifteen original (1863) units.

Historically, the name is found as early as the 13th century in the form of the Latin De Solatum, which would translate to "The Sunny Place" (or so). A market place was situated here in 1602 on Royal permission.  The city's coat of arms depicts a Black Grouse.
Fu Haifeng
Fu Haifeng (born 23 August 1983) is a Chinese badminton player. He is considered one of the all-time greats of badminton. Combining Fu Haifeng's impressive power with his regular partner Cai Yun's impressive speed, he has won numerous top tier events on the world circuit including the All England Open in 2005 and 2009 and the BWF World Championships in 2006, 2009, 2010 and 2011. Cai and Fu have helped China win five consecutive Thomas Cup (World men's team championships) (2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012) and four consecutive Sudirman Cup (World mixed team championships) (2005, 2007, 2009 and 2011). Cai and Fu also competed together in the Olympic games 3 times, including the 2004, the 2008 and the 2012 Olympic Games.

2008 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 2008 Thomas & Uber Cup was the 25th tournament of the Thomas Cup and 22nd tournament of the Uber Cup, the men's and women's team competition in badminton, respectively. It was held in Jakarta, Indonesia, from May 11 to May 18, 2008.
Marlbrook, Herefordshire
Marlbrook is an industrial and business park on the borders of and split between the civil parishes of Hope under Dinmore and Newton, in Herefordshire, England.

The park is adjacent to the River Lugg and the A49 road, 4.5 miles (7 km) south of Leominster and 9.5 miles (15 km) north from Hereford. Just south of the park is the junction of the A49 with the A417 road towards Ledbury and Gloucester.

The Cadbury factory at Marlbrook processes 180 million litres of fresh milk, 56,000 tonnes of sugar and 13,000 tonnes of cocoa liquor each year to produce milk chocolate crumb which is blended with cocoa butter, refined and turned into milk chocolate at other factories. On 23 June 2006, the factory was in the news when more than a million chocolate bars were to be removed from sale through fears that they might have been contaminated with salmonella by a leaking pipe.

Cocoa butter
Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is a pale-yellow, edible fat extracted from the cocoa bean (Theobroma  cacao). It is used to make chocolate, as well as some ointments, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. Cocoa butter has a cocoa flavor and aroma. Its melting point is slightly below human body temperature. It is an essential ingredient of chocolate and related confectionary products. Cocoa butter does not contain butter or other animal products; it is vegan.
Panic of 1896
The Panic of 1896 was an acute economic depression in the United States that was less serious than other panics of the era, precipitated by a drop in silver reserves, and market concerns on the effects it would have on the gold standard. Deflation of commodities' prices drove the stock market to new lows in a trend that began to reverse only after the 1896 Klondike Gold Rush. During the panic, call money would reach 125 percent, the highest level since the Civil War.

Stock market
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms. Investments are usually made with an investment strategy in mind.
Lagedi
Lagedi (German: Laakt) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Rae Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. As of 2022, the settlement's population was 1,083.

Lagedi has a station on the Elron's eastern route.

Lagedi was the site of a slave-labor camp during German occupation in World War II. It was a satellite camp from the Vaivara concentration camp and mass executions of Jews took place in Lagedi.

Populated places in Estonia
Populated places in Estonia are cities or settlement units of rural municipalities, but only cities have administrative functions. Settlement units are divided into settlements and urban regions (subdivisions of cities).

Officially there are four types of settlement unit in Estonia:

village (küla) – a sparsely populated settlement or a densely populated settlement with fewer than 300 permanent inhabitants

small borough (alevik) – a densely populated settlement with at least 300 permanent inhabitants

town (alev) – a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants

city (linn) - a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants.

As of 2024, there were 47 cities, 13 towns, 186 hamlets and 4457 villages in Estonia. There were 3 cities with under 1000 permanent inhabitants as of 2023.
Shichijō
Shichijō (七条 or 七條) literally means seventh street in Japanese.

Shichijō Street (七条通, Shichijō-dori), a numbered east–west street in Heian-kyō, present-day Kyoto, Japan

Shichijō Station, a train station on the Keihan Main Line in Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto

Shichijō family (七条家, Shichijōke), a Japanese kuge family descended from the Fujiwara Hokke (藤原北家)

Keihan Main Line
The Keihan Main Line (京阪本線, Keihan-honsen) is a railway line in Japan operated by Keihan Electric Railway. The line runs between Sanjō Station in Kyoto and Yodoyabashi Station in Osaka. There are through services to the Keihan Ōtō Line and the Keihan Nakanoshima Line. Trains from Kyoto to Osaka are treated as "down" trains, and from Osaka to Kyoto as "up" trains.
West Newton, Pennsylvania
West Newton, located 24.5 miles (39.4 km) southeast of Pittsburgh, is a borough in Westmoreland County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Formerly, the manufacture of radiators and boilers were the chief industries. As of the 2020 census, West Newton had a population of 2,665.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Darren Miller (priest)
Darren Noel Miller (born 1967) is a Church of England priest who has been the Archdeacon of Ashford in the Diocese of Canterbury since his collation on 13 January 2018.

Miller was educated at Birmingham University, the College of the Resurrection, Mirfield and Chichester Theological College. He was ordained deacon in 1996, and priest in 1997. After curacies in Weoley Castle and Shard End he was Vicar of Castle Vale from 2000 until 2006.  He was then Team Rector of Cheam, a post he held for eleven years.

Weoley Castle
Weoley Castle (UK: /ˈwiːli/ WEE-lee) is a residential suburban district in south-west Birmingham, England. The area is part of the Weoley local authority electoral ward, and also comes under the Northfield local council constituency.  The suburb of Weoley Castle is bordered by Selly Oak to the east, Harborne to the north, Bartley Green to the west, and Weoley Hill and Shenley Fields to the south.
Shaximiao Formation
The Shaximiao Formation (simplified Chinese: 沙溪庙组; traditional Chinese: 沙溪廟組 / 沙溪廟層; pinyin: Shāxīmiào zǔ) is a Middle to Late Jurassic aged geological formation in Sichuan, China, most notable for the wealth of dinosaurs fossils that have been excavated from its strata. The Shaximiao Formation is exposed in and around the small township of Dashanpu (simplified Chinese: 大山铺镇; traditional Chinese: 大山鋪鎮; pinyin: Dàshānpū zhèn), situated seven kilometres north-east from Sichuan's third largest city, Zigong, in the Da'an District.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Champlain Centre
Champlain Centre North is a shopping mall in Plattsburgh, New York. Opened in 1987, the mall features tenants open & closed, like JCPenney, Target, Dick's Sporting Goods, DSW, Hobby Lobby, Kohl's, Ollie's Bargain Outlet, Ross Stores, Old Navy, Five Below, and a Regal Entertainment Group-owned movie theater.

Ross Stores
Ross Stores, Inc., operating under the brand name Ross Dress for Less, is an American chain of discount department stores headquartered in Dublin, California. It is the largest off-price retailer in the U.S.; as of July 2024, Ross operates 1,795 stores in 43 U.S. states, Washington, D.C. Puerto Rico and Guam, covering much of the country, but with no presence in New England and Alaska. The company also operates DD's Discounts, a discount department store chain with over 353 locations across the United States, most of which are located in Sun Belt states.
2023 Nigerian presidential election in Cross River State
The 2023 Nigerian presidential election in Cross River State will be held on 25 February 2023 as part of the nationwide 2023 Nigerian presidential election to elect the president and vice president of Nigeria. Other federal elections, including elections to the House of Representatives and the Senate, will also be held on the same date while state elections will be held two weeks afterward on 11 March.

2023 Nigerian Senate election
The 2023 Nigerian Senate elections were held on 25 February 2023 in all 109 senatorial districts where voters elected senators using first-past-the-post voting. The last regular senatorial elections for all districts were in 2019.

Other federal elections, including the elections to the House of Representatives and the presidential election, were also held on the same date while state elections was held two weeks afterwards on 11 March. The winners of these Senate elections will serve beginning in the 10th Nigerian National Assembly. The APC have held a majority in the Senate since the 2015 elections and solidified that majority in 2019.

As of May 2023, the APC had retained its 59 seats, while the PDP had lost 3 for a total of 37. The Labour Party won seats in its own name for the first time, taking 7 mandates, while smaller parties, such as the NNPP and Social Democratic Party, took a total of 5. One seat has not yet been called.
Polypogon maritimus
Polypogon maritimus is a species of grass known by the common names Mediterranean beard grass and Mediterranean rabbitsfoot grass. It is native to the Mediterranean Basin. It is also known in other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, as an introduced species that can be found in moist habitat types. It is an annual grass producing stems up to half a meter tall. The inflorescence is a plumelike panicle up to 15 centimeters long containing many V-shaped spikelets with long awns.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Echinus (Acarnania)
Echinus or Echinos (Greek: Εχῖνος) was an ancient Greek town of Acarnania. Legend has it that it was founded by a Greek mythological figure named Echinus. It is mentioned by the poet Rhianus, and appears in the list of cities of Acarnania transmitted by Pliny the Elder, who places it between Heraclea and Actium. The site of Echinus is near the modern town of Vonitsa, probably the kastro (or castle) of Profitis Elias.

Vonitsa
Vonitsa (Greek: Βόνιτσα) is a town in the northwestern part of Aetolia-Acarnania in Greece, seat of the municipality of Aktio-Vonitsa. The beach town is situated on the south coast of the Ambracian Gulf, and is dominated by a Venetian fortress on a hill. Vonitsa is 13 kilometres (8 miles) southeast of Preveza, 18 kilometres (11 miles) northeast of the city of Lefkada and 90 kilometres (56 miles) northwest of Agrinio. The Greek National Road 42 (Lefkada - Amfilochia) passes through Vonitsa.
Shirin Tagab District
Shirin-Tagab (meaning in Uzbek language: "Sweet Water", also known as Koh-i-Saiyād) is the district center in the Faryab Province, Afghanistan. The population was 141,642 in 2013. Ethnic composition includes 10% Pashtun, 10% Tajik and 80% Uzbek.

This Turkmen populated township is 33 km to the south of Dawlatabad. The valley of Shirin-Tagab hosts many villages with a central township comprising two hundred shops. The Shirin-Tagab road in a point, which is 20 km from Maymana, branches off the river's stream valley. In 1969 it was named Deh-e Now. The people had developed a bazaar with 200 shops and eight caravanseries. Livestock and grain are the main items of transactions in the bazaar before the war.

Because most of the central and northern districts in Faryab Province have a salty water supply from the Shirin Tagab River, many civilians bring water from the Shirin Tagab bazaar.

Maymana
Maimana, also spelled as Maymana, is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Faryab Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Maymana District and has an estimated population of 108,049 people. The city is approximately 400 km (250 mi) northwest of the country's capital Kabul, and is located on the Maymana River, which is a tributary of the Murghab River. The mayor of the city is Damla Mohibullah.

Maimana has a domestic airport, a number of bazaars, mosques, universities, public parks, hospitals, and over 16,560 dwelling units. The Afghanistan Ring Road passes through the city. The closest major cities to Maimana are Andkhoy in Faryab, Sheberghan in Jowzjan Province, and Sar-e-Pol in Sar-e-Pol Province. The city is to be connected by railroad with Herat to the southwest and Mazar-i-Sharif to the northeast.
November 1938 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Monday, November 7, 1938, with an umbral magnitude of 1.3525. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 3.2 days before perigee (on November 11, 1938, at 3:25 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This lunar eclipse was the second of an almost tetrad, with the others being on May 14, 1938 (total); May 3, 1939 (total); and October 28, 1939 (partial).

Tetrad (astronomy)
In astronomy, a tetrad is a set of four total lunar eclipses within two consecutive years.

The frequency of tetrads varies by century with the frequency of total lunar eclipses. This repeating cycle is called a tetradia. See Eclipse cycle for more information.
Bill Demchak
William Stanton Demchak (born August 24, 1962) is an American business executive in the finance industry and serves as the current chief executive officer of PNC Financial Services. He is credited with being one of the earliest adopters of the credit default swap, especially the creation of markets around them, which due to the role they would play in the 2008 financial crisis, earned him the title "prince of darkness" within the industry.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Dan Joye
Dan Joye (born February 19, 1985) is a Venezuelan-born American luger who has competed since 1995. Competing in two Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of sixth in the men's doubles event at Vancouver in 2010.

Joye's best finish at the FIL World Luge Championships was sixth in the men's doubles event twice (2005, 2009).

Joye resides in San Jose, California and partnered with former singles luger Christian Niccum for the 2007-08 World Cup season.

FIL World Luge Championships 2009
The FIL World Luge Championships 2009 ran on 1–8 February 2009 at the bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Lake Placid, New York, United States for the second time after having hosted the event in 1983. They were awarded the event at the 2006 FIL Congress in Berchtesgaden, Germany.
Birbal Dhar
Birbal Dhar was a Kashmiri Pandit and noble in the early 19th century who led a deputation which persuaded Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh to invade Kashmir Valley in 1819, effectively ending the Afghan and Muslim rule in Kashmir.

Birbal Dhar was the leading tax collector under the Afghan government from 1813 to 1819. After suffering from mistreatment on the hands of the Afghan governor Jabbar Khan Barakzai, he left for Punjab to sought help from Ranjit Singh in freeing Kashmir from Afghan rule. He was accompanied with several other Kashmiri nobles, most notably Mirza Pandit Dhar. He guided the Sikh army into Kashmir leading to the Sikh victory in the Battle of Shopian. After the Sikh conquest he was appointed on his earlier position again, but was dismissed on the allegations of corruption in 1821 which are said to be politically motivated and spent the rest of his life in obscurity.

Kashmir Valley
The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern part of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is surrounded by the ranges of the Himalayas, bounded on the southwest by the Pir Panjal Range and on the northeast by the Greater Himalayan Range. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, and drained by the Jhelum River. It falls entirely within the Kashmir Division of Jammu and Kashmir.
Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann
Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann (30 March [O.S. 18 March] 1805 in Hapsal (now Haapsalu) – 29 December [O.S. 17 December] 1887 in Saint Petersburg) was an Governorate of Estonia linguist who researched Uralic languages, mostly Estonian. Wiedemann was also a botanist.

Wiedemann was of German-Swedish origin. In 1869 he published an Estonian-German dictionary (Ehstnisch-deutsches Wörterbuch), which was the richest dictionary of Estonian words for a long time.

Haapsalu
Haapsalu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈhɑːpsɑlu]) is a seaside resort town located on the west coast of Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Lääne County, and on 1 January 2020 it had a population of 9,375.
Andrée Marquet
Andrée Marquet (born 1934), is a French chemist specializing in organic chemistry and chemical biology, professor emeritus at the Pierre and Marie Curie University and correspondent at the French Academy of sciences since 1993.

Pierre and Marie Curie University
Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie [ynivɛʁsite pjɛʁ e maʁi kyʁi], UPMC), also known as Paris VI, was a public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussieu Campus in the Latin Quarter of the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. UPMC merged with Paris-Sorbonne University into the new Sorbonne University in 2017.