hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiram Hyde
Hiram Hyde (September 25, 1817 – December 18, 1907) was a stagecoach operator and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Truro township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1855 to 1859 as a Liberal-Conservative member.

He was born in Richmond County, New York, the son of Roswell Hyde, and came to British North America in 1833. He operated a stagecoach there and transported British troops to battle during the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837. Hyde came to Nova Scotia in 1841 and was hired by Samuel Cunard to transport mail between Halifax and Truro. He later established his own business servicing that route. In 1851, he won a contract to transport mail between West River and Sydney but he lost the contract to one of his drivers in 1860. He later operated a route between Pictou and Arichat. Hyde built the first telegraph line in the province during the 1850s. He was married twice: his wife Esther Ann died in 1882. Hyde died in Truro at the age of 90.

Lower Canada Rebellion
The Lower Canada Rebellion (French: rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' Rebellion (Rébellion des patriotes) in French, is the name given to the armed conflict in 1837–38 between rebels and the colonial government of Lower Canada (now southern Quebec). Together with the simultaneous rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada (now southern Ontario), it formed the Rebellions of 1837–38 (rébellions de 1837–38).

As a result of the rebellions, the Province of Canada was created from the former Lower Canada and Upper Canada.
Kathy Sheran
Kathleen J. "Kathy" Sheran (born May 18, 1947) is a Minnesota politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she represented District 19, which included portions of Blue Earth, Le Sueur, and Nicollet counties in the south central part of the state.

Le Sueur County, Minnesota
Le Sueur County (/ləsʊər/ lə-SOOR) is a county located in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,674. Its county seat is Le Center.

Le Sueur County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tieste Wilmant
Tieste Wilmant (1859-1937) was an Italian operatic baritone. He made his professional opera debut in 1878 in Chiari. In 1896 he originated the role of Marcello in the original production of Giacomo Puccini's La bohème at the Teatro Regio Torino. He made his debut at La Scala in the 1893–1894 season where he appeared in productions of Alfredo Catalani's Loreley and in Puccini's Manon Lescaut. He appeared in performances at La Scala several more times over the next decade including portraying the role of Alberich in the Italy's first performance of Richard Wagner's Siegfried and the role of Iago in Verdi's Otello. Wilmant made four records on the Zonophone record label in 1904.

Teatro Regio (Turin)
The Teatro Regio (Royal Theatre) is a prominent opera house and opera company in Turin, Piedmont, Italy. Its season runs from October to June with the presentation of eight or nine operas given from five to twelve performances of each.

Several buildings provided venues for operatic productions in Turin from the mid-16th century, but it was not until 1713 that a proper opera house was considered, and under the architect Filippo Juvarra planning began. However, the cornerstone was not laid until the reign of Charles Emmanuel III in 1738 after Juvarra's death. The work was supervised by Benedetto Alfieri until the theatre was completed and decorated by Bernardino Galliari.

Puccini premiered his La Bohème in 1896 in the Teatro Regio.
Katsikas refugee camp
Katsikas refugee camp, officially termed Katsikas facility of temporary reception by the Greek government, is an operation unit under the Greek Ministry of Migration and Asylum for the hosting and temporary reception of immigrants and refugees in Greece. It is located in the municipal community of Katsikas of the municipality of Ioannina in the Ioannina regional unit of Epirus Region. The National Public Health Organization, the Ministry of Education, the Greek Military and aid agencies "ASB Greece" and "Metadrasi" operate in the camp.

Ministry of Migration and Asylum
The Ministry of Migration and Asylum is the official government body that oversees migration and asylum policy issues in Greece. It also contributes and implements European policies on Migration. It collaborates with the European Union Agency for Asylum, the International Organization for Migration and the United Nations. It receives funding from the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund, the Internal Security Fund and the European Recovery and Resilience Fund.

Since 30 June 2025, the incumbent minister is Thanos Plevris. Since 15 March 2025, the deputy minister, responsible for issues of social integration, is Sevi Voloudaki.
George Eliot Hospital
George Eliot Hospital is a single site hospital located in Nuneaton, Warwickshire, it is managed by the George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust. It provides a full range of emergency and elective medical services, including maternity services, to the local area.

The Hospital is one of many local buildings named after Nuneaton-born author George Eliot. Additionally, many of the hospital's surgical and medical wards are named after characters within George Eliot novels (e.g. Felix Holt, Arbury lodge, Caterina, Adam Bede, Dolly Winthrop). The Hospital also has a set of operating theatres on the first floor.

Middlemarch
Middlemarch, A Study of Provincial Life is a novel by English author George Eliot, the pen name of Mary Ann Evans. It appeared in eight installments (volumes) in 1871 and 1872. Set in Middlemarch, a fictional English Midlands town, from 1829 to 1832, it follows distinct, intersecting stories with many characters. Issues include the status of women, the nature of marriage, idealism, self-interest, religion, hypocrisy, political reform, and education. Leavened with comic elements, Middlemarch approaches significant historical events in a realist mode: the Reform Act 1832, early railways, and the accession of King William IV. It looks at medicine of the time and reactionary views in a settled community facing unwelcome change. Eliot began writing the two pieces that formed the novel in 1869–1870 and completed it in 1871. Initial reviews were mixed, but it is now seen widely as her best work and one of the great English novels.
The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan
The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan is a 2025 Indian sports documentary series that premiered globally on Netflix on 7 February 2025. The three-part series traces the cricketing rivalry between the India and Pakistan, interweaving archived match footage, interviews with former players, and commentary on the cultural and political backdrop of the contests.

Stock footage
Stock footage, and similarly, archive footage, library pictures, and file footage is film or video footage that can be used again in other films. Stock footage is beneficial to filmmakers as it saves shooting new material. A single piece of stock footage is called a "stock shot" or a "library shot". Stock footage may have appeared in previous productions but may also be outtakes, footage shot for previous productions and not used, or shot in order to be sold. Examples of stock footage that might be utilized are moving images of cities and landmarks, wildlife in their natural environments, and historical footage. Suppliers of stock footage may be either rights managed or royalty-free. Many websites offer direct downloads of clips in various formats.
Astati
The Astati were a Paulician sect in the 9th century, the followers of Sergius. They prevailed much under Emperor Nicephorus I, but later, under Michael I Rhangabes, they were curbed with very severe laws.

Sect
A sect is a subgroup of a religious, political, or philosophical belief system, typically emerging as an offshoot of a larger organization. Originally, the term referred specifically to religious groups that had separated from a main body, but it can now apply to any group that diverges from a larger organization to follow a distinct set of beliefs and practices. Sects often form when there is a perception of heresy either within the subgroup or from the larger group.

In an Indian context, sect refers to an organized tradition.
The Prisoner of St. Petersburg
The Prisoner of St. Petersburg is a 1989 Australian drama film directed by Ian Pringle. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival.

The film was the first Australian-West German co-production. It was shot over 22 days in Germany. David Stratton wrote that the film "appeared to be commercially doomed from the beginning".

1989 Cannes Film Festival
The 42nd Cannes Film Festival took place from 11 to 23 May 1989. West German filmmaker Wim Wenders served as jury president for the main competition.

American filmmaker Steven Soderbergh won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for his debut film Sex, Lies, and Videotape.

During the 1989 festival, the first Cinéma & liberté forum was held with the participation of a hundred famous directors from various countries. They discussed about the freedom of expression and signed a declaration protesting against all forms of censorship still existing in the world.

The festival opened with New York Stories, an anthology film by Woody Allen, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, and closed with Old Gringo by Luis Puenzo.
Tsuchiya Masanao
Tsuchiya Masanao (土屋 政直; March 16, 1641 – December 23, 1722), was a daimyō in Japan during the Edo period. Masanao's  daimyō family was descended from Minamoto Yasuuji (Seiwa-Genji). The descendants of Tsuchiya (1585–1612) lived successively at Kururi in Kazusa Province; after 1669 at Tsuchiura in Hitachi Province; after 1681 at Tanaka in Suruga Province; and then, after 1688, again at Tsuchiura in Hitachi.

He was the Tokugawa shogunate's Kyoto shoshidai in the period spanning October 19, 1686, through November 17, 1687.

Suruga Province
Suruga Province (駿河国, Suruga no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [sɯꜜ.ɾɯ.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), -ɾɯ.ŋa-, sɯ.ɾɯ.ɡaꜜ-, -ɾɯ.ŋaꜜ-]) was an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka Prefecture. Suruga bordered on Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces; and was bordered by the Pacific Ocean through Suruga Bay to the south. Its abbreviated form name was Sunshū (駿州).
Dimitrios Dalipis
Dimitrios Kechagias (Greek: Δημήτριος Κεχαγιάς; Gavros, Korestia, 19th century – Zelovo, Florina, 19 November 1906) or Konstantinidis (Greek: Κωνσταντινίδης), known under the pseudonym Dimitrios Dalipis (Greek: Δημήτριος Νταλίπης), was a Greek chieftain of the Macedonian Struggle.

Macedonian Struggle
The Macedonian Struggle was a series of social, political, cultural and military conflicts that were mainly fought between Greek and Bulgarian subjects who lived in Ottoman Macedonia between 1893 and 1912. From 1904 to 1908 the conflict was part of a wider guerrilla war in which revolutionary organizations of Greeks, Bulgarians and Serbs all fought over Macedonia and its Christian population. Particularly over the national affiliation of the Slavic population which was forced to declare themselves for either of the sides. Gradually the Greek and Bulgarian bands gained the upper hand. Though the conflict largely ceased by the Young Turk Revolution, it continued as a low intensity insurgency until the Balkan Wars.
August Weger
August Weger (28 July 1823 – 27 May 1892) was a German graphic artist, steel engraver and printer.

Born in Nuremberg, Weger founded a graphic institute in Leipzig in 1840. Weger is still known today for his portraits of famous people such as Matthias Claudius, Friedrich Gerstäcker, Emil Scaria, Robert Schumann, Emil Devrient, Robert Blum and Ludwig Feuerbach.

Weger died in Leipzig at age 68.

Steel engraving
Steel engraving is a technique for printing illustrations on paper using steel printing plates instead of copper, the harder metal allowing a much longer print run before the image quality deteriorates. It has been rarely used in artistic printmaking, although it was much used for reproductions in the 19th century. Steel "engraving", in fact technically mostly using etching, was introduced in 1792 by Jacob Perkins (1766–1849), an American inventor, for banknote printing. When Perkins moved to London in 1818, the technique was adapted in 1820 by Charles Warren and especially by Charles Heath (1785–1848) for Thomas Campbell's Pleasures of Hope, which contained the first published plates engraved on steel. The new technique only partially replaced the other commercial line engraving techniques of that time such as wood engraving, copper engraving and later lithography.
Guereñu
Gereñu (Spanish: Guereñu) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Iruraiz-Gauna, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. The local parish church, dedicated to the Assumption of Mary, is the most notable building in Gereñu.

Concejo (Álava)
The concejos (Basque: kontzejuak, Spanish: concejos) are a type of sub-municipal administrative unit in the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain.

Within the Spanish legal framework, the general name for such sub-municipal units is minor local entity (formally in Spanish: entidad de ámbito territorial inferior al municipio, lit. 'entity of sub-municipal territorial scope' also known by their acronym EATIMs).

The existence of concejos in Álava is documented since the 13th century. Their current status dates from 1984, when a law providing for elections to the concejos was passed; and from 1995, when their juridical status was clarified.
Gino Lupini
Gino Neil Lupini is a retired South African-Italian professional rugby union player, educator and author. He played in the top domestic Italian league Top10 and for Italy Sevens in 10 competitions, making 43 match appearances.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Little Rock to Cantonment Gibson Road-Short Mountain Segment
The Little Rock to Cantonment Gibson Road-Short Mountain Segment is a historic 19th-century road section in Logan County, Arkansas.  It is located northwest of Paris, consisting of 3.7 miles (6.0 km) of Short Mountain Road, extending westward from its crossing with Short Mountain Creek.  The roadbed is about 12 feet (3.7 m) wide, and is heavily banked for much of its length.  Built in 1828, it was originally part of the military road connecting Little Rock, Arkansas to what is now Gibson, Oklahoma (then just a military base).  The road has been documented to be part of the Trail of Tears migration route.

The road section was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Gibson, Oklahoma
Gibson is an unincorporated community in Wagoner County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located on Oklahoma State Highway 16, approximately six miles south of Wagoner and 2+1⁄2 miles northwest of Okay. The Gibson Station was the first passenger and freight station built in Indian Territory, now Oklahoma, constructed in 1872 by the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad.
Schloss Allner
Schloss Allner is a fifteenth-century castle in Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the southern slope of the Nutscheid Ridge, on the north bank of the River Sieg, and just northeast of the Allner See. It lies to the northeast of the town of Hennef, east of the district of Allner.

During its history it has served as a residence, a municipal seat and an orphanage. During World War II it was the scene of an unsuccessful attempt by the Wehrmacht to halt the advancing Allied forces from crossing the Sieg and entering the Ruhr Valley.

German Castles Association
The German Castles Association (German: Deutsche Burgenvereinigung) or DBV is dedicated to the conservation of historic defensive and residential buildings as witnesses of history and culture and has its headquarters at Marksburg Castle above Braubach on the Rhine. It owns the organisation known as the European Castles Institute (Europäisches Burgeninstitut) or (EBI) whose library and archives are housed in Philippsburg Palace in Braubach.
Xanthorhoe ferrugata
Xanthorhoe ferrugata, the dark-barred twin-spot carpet, is a moth of the genus Xanthorhoe in the family Geometridae. It was first described by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1759 and has a Holarctic distribution.

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Buhera South
Buhera South is a constituency represented in the National Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. Created for the 1985 election, its territory consists of the southern portion of Buhera District, in Manicaland Province in eastern Zimbabwe. Its inaugural member, Kumbirai Kangai of ZANU–PF, held the seat for 23 years until 2008. The current MP since the 2023 election is Ngonidzashe Mudekunye of ZANU–PF.

Parliament of Zimbabwe
The Parliament of Zimbabwe is the bicameral legislature of Zimbabwe composed of the Senate and the National Assembly. The Senate is the upper house, and consists of 80 members, 60 of whom are elected by proportional representation from ten six-member constituencies corresponding to the country's provinces. Of the remaining 20 seats, 18 are reserved for chiefs, and two for people with disabilities. The National Assembly is the lower house, and consists of 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected from single-member constituencies. The remaining 70 seats are reserved women's and youth quotas: 60 for women; 10 for youth. These are elected by proportional representation from ten six-member and one-member constituencies respectively, corresponding to the country's provinces.

Formerly based at Parliament House, Harare, the parliament moved to the New Zimbabwe Parliament Building in October 2023. The new building has 650 seats, which will allow the parliament to expand.
2011 Nebelhorn Trophy
The 2011 Nebelhorn Trophy took place on September 21–24, 2011 at the Eislaufzentrum Oberstdorf. It is held annually in Oberstdorf, Germany and is named after the Nebelhorn, a nearby mountain.

It was one of the first international senior competitions of the season. Skaters were entered by their respective national federations and competed in four disciplines: men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The Fritz-Geiger-Memorial Trophy was presented to the team with the highest placements across all disciplines.

Nebelhorn
The Nebelhorn  is a 2,224-metre-high (7,297 ft) mountain in the Allgäu Alps in Germany, near the village of Oberstdorf. It lends its name to the Nebelhorn Trophy figure skating competition and the Nebelhorn Classics, a freeride race event. Also, the Nine Knights freeski contest takes place just above the "Höfatsblick" station of the Nebelhornbahn.

Its summit is a well-known viewing point, from where there is a view far into the Alpine massif.

The summit area of the Nebelhorn may be climbed via the Hindelang Klettersteig; it should only be attempted with special equipment (a 'Klettersteig set').
Betyuntsy
Betyuntsy (Russian: Бетюнцы; Yakut: Бөтүҥ, Bötüŋ) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Betyunsky Rural Okrug of Amginsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) from Amga, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,216; down from 1,255 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Amginsky District
Amginsky District (Russian: Амги́нский улу́с; Yakut: Амма улууһа, Amma uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic and borders with Churapchinsky District in the north, Ust-Maysky District in the east and southeast, Aldansky District in the south and southwest, and with Khangalassky and Megino-Kangalassky Districts in the northwest. The area of the district is 29,400 square kilometers (11,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Amga. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 17,183, with the population of Amga accounting for 38.0% of that number.
Carbarsone
Carbarsone is an organoarsenic compound used as an antiprotozoal drug for treatment of amebiasis and other infections.  It was available for amebiasis in the United States as late as 1991.  Thereafter, it remained available as a turkey feed additive for increasing weight gain and controlling histomoniasis (blackhead disease).

Carbarsone is one of four arsenical animal drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in poultry and/or swine, along with nitarsone, arsanilic acid, and roxarsone. In September 2013, the FDA announced that Zoetis and Fleming Laboratories would voluntarily withdraw current roxarsone, arsanilic acid, and carbarsone approvals, leaving only nitarsone approvals in place. In 2015 FDA withdrew the approval of using nitarsone in animal feeds. The ban came into effect at the end of 2015.

Zoetis
Zoetis Inc. (/zō-EH-tis/) is an American drug company, the world's largest producer of medicine and vaccinations for pets and livestock. The company was a subsidiary of Pfizer, the world's largest drug maker, but with Pfizer's spinoff of its 83% interest in the firm it is now a completely independent company. The company directly markets its products in approximately 45 countries, and sells them in more than 100 countries. Operations outside the United States accounted for 50% of the total revenue. Contemporaneous with the spinoff in June 2013 S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Zoetis would replace First Horizon National Corporation in the S&P 500 stock market index.
Alan Kane (Gaelic footballer)
John A. D. Kane (1945 – 16 March 2021), known as Alan Kane, was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played as goalkeeper for the St Joseph's and Aodh Ruadh clubs and for the Donegal county team in the early 1970s.

Aodh Ruadh CLG
Aodh Ruadh CLG is a GAA club based in the town of Ballyshannon in County Donegal.

Historically one of their county's most successful GAA clubs, it has won 12 Donegal Senior Football Championship titles, and currently competes in Division 2 of the league and the Senior Championship.

The club colours are green and white and it plays its home games at Fr Tierney Park.

The club has a local rivalry with Réalt na Mara.
Konstantinos Dimitriadis
Konstantinos Dimitriadis (Κωνσταντίνος Δημητριάδης) (1879 or 1881 - 28 October 1943) was a Greek sculptor who won a gold medal at the art competitions at the 1924 Summer Olympics for his sculpture Finnish discus thrower.

Art competitions at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each Games.