hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johns Hopkins Glacier
Johns Hopkins Glacier (Lingít: Tsalxaan Niyaadé Sít’) is a 12-mile (19 km) long glacier located in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. It was named, colonially, after Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland in 1893 by Harry Fielding Reid. It is one of the few advancing tidewater glaciers of the Fairweather Range.

Fairweather Range
The Fairweather Range is the unofficial name for a mountain range located in the U.S. state of Alaska and the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the southernmost range of the Saint Elias Mountains. The northernmost section of the range is situated in Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park while the southernmost section resides in Glacier Bay National Park, in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area. In between it goes through the southeastern corner of Yakutat Borough.
Peaks of this range include Mount Fairweather (the highest point in British Columbia) and Mount Quincy Adams 4,150 m (13,615 ft).

The range is home to the Fairweather Fault, an active geologic transform fault of the larger Queen Charlotte Fault along the boundary between the Pacific and North American plates.
Ludzidzini Royal Village
26°27′35″S 31°12′04″E﻿ / ﻿26.4597°S 31.2012°E﻿ / -26.4597; 31.2012
The Ludzidzini Royal Village is the home to the House of Dlamini, the royal family of Eswatini, currently led by Ngwenyama (King) Mswati III (born 1968) and Ndlovukati (Queen Mother) Ntfombi (born 1949). The village is also known for the annual Umhlanga reed dance ceremony. It is currently the royal residence and the administrative headquarters of the Queen Mother Ntfombi Tfwala. Jim Gama served as its governor.

House of Dlamini
The House of Dlamini is the royal house of the Kingdom of Eswatini. Mswati III, as king and Ngwenyama of Eswatini, is the current head of the house of Dlamini. Swazi kings up to the present day are referred to as Ingwenyama and they rule together with the Queen Mother who is called Indlovukati. The Swazi kings, like other Nguni nations, practice polygamy and thus have many wives and children.
Hokkaido Shinkansen
The Hokkaido Shinkansen (Japanese: 北海道新幹線, Hepburn: Hokkaidō Shinkansen) is a Japanese high-speed Shinkansen rail line operated by the Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido) that connects with the Tōhoku Shinkansen in northern Aomori Prefecture on Honshu and extends into Hokkaido through the undersea Seikan Tunnel. The line is 148.8 kilometres (92.5 mi) long and has a maximum operating speed of 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph). Construction began in May 2005, and the initial section between Shin-Aomori and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto opened on 26 March 2016.

An extension north to Sapporo, which will add 211.8 kilometres (131.6 mi) of new line, was originally scheduled to open by fiscal year 2030, but in December 2024 the opening was revised to the end of FY2038.

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (国土交通省, Kokudo-kōtsū-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Land and Transport'; MLIT) is a ministry of the Japanese government. It is responsible for one-third of all the laws and orders in Japan and is the largest Japanese ministry in terms of employees, as well as the second-largest executive agency of the Japanese government after the Ministry of Defense. The ministry oversees four external agencies including the Japan Coast Guard, the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Japan Tourism Agency.
Assara funerella
Assara funerella is a species of snout moth in the genus Assara. It was described by Ragonot in 1901. It is found in Taiwan, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), China and Korea.

The wingspan is 12–13 mm for males and  16–18 mm for females.

The larvae feed on Pinus thunbergii.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Panagiotis Adamidis
Panagiotis Adamidis (Greek: Παναγιώτης Αδαμίδης; born 2 September 1977) is a Greek swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke and men's 200 metre backstroke events at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

Swimming at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke event at the 1996 Summer Olympics took place on 26 July at the Georgia Tech Campus Recreation Center in Atlanta, United States. There were 39 competitors from 33 nations. Each nation had been limited to two swimmers in the event since 1984. The event was won by Brad Bridgewater of the United States, with his countryman Tripp Schwenk taking silver. It was the first time since 1980 that one nation had two swimmers on the podium in the event (Hungary took gold and silver then). Bridgewater's victory was the United States' first in the event since 1984 and fourth overall. Italy earned its second consecutive bronze medal in the men's 200 metre backstroke, with Emanuele Merisi taking the honours this time.
Libby Hill, Maine
Libby Hill is a village in the city of Gardiner in Kennebec County, Maine, United States. It is located near the intersection of U.S. Route 201 and Interstate 295 in western Gardiner. The village is the home of the city of Gardiner's Libby Hill Business Park.

Interstate 295 (Maine)
Interstate 295 (I-295) is a 52-mile-long (84 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US state of Maine from I-95 in Scarborough to I-95 in West Gardiner. The highway was designated the Richard A. Coleman Highway in 2015 by the Maine Legislature. The highway serves as a bypass of Lewiston–Auburn and serves the Portland metropolitan area. It takes a more direct route between Portland and Augusta, the state capital, than its parent I-95. It also is toll-free, unlike I-95, which carries the tolled Maine Turnpike.
Dalhart Municipal Airport
Dalhart Municipal Airport (IATA: DHT, ICAO: KDHT, FAA LID: DHT) is in unincorporated Hartley County, Texas, three miles (5 km) southwest of Dalhart, Texas, a city straddling the border of Dallam and Hartley counties in the northwest corner of the Texas Panhandle.

The airport sees no airlines.

Dallam County, Texas
Dallam County is the north-westernmost county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 7,115. Its county seat is Dalhart. The county was founded in 1876 and later organized in 1891. It is named for James Wilmer Dallam, a lawyer and newspaper publisher.
Strict conditional
In logic, a strict conditional (symbol: , or ⥽) is a conditional governed by a modal operator, that is, a logical connective of modal logic. It is logically equivalent to the material conditional of classical logic, combined with the necessity operator from modal logic. For any two propositions p and q, the formula p → q says that p materially implies q while  says that p strictly implies q.  Strict conditionals are the result of Clarence Irving Lewis's attempt to find a conditional for logic that can adequately express indicative conditionals in natural language. They have also been used in studying Molinist theology.

Well-formed formula
In mathematical logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence of symbols from a given alphabet, constructed following the defined grammar of a formal language.

The abbreviation wff is pronounced "woof", or sometimes "wiff", "weff", or "whiff".

A formal language can be identified with the set of formulas in the language. A formula is a syntactic object that can be given a semantic meaning by means of an interpretation. Two key uses of formulas are in propositional logic and predicate logic.
Ask a Mexican
¡Ask a Mexican! was a syndicated satirical weekly newspaper column written by Gustavo Arellano in the Orange County, California alternative weekly OC Weekly. Publication of ¡Ask a Mexican! began in 2004 as a one-time spoof, but popularity has made it one of the weekly's most popular columns.

Alternative newspaper
An alternative newspaper is a type of newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of stylized reporting, opinionated reviews and columns, investigations into edgy topics and magazine-style feature stories highlighting local people and culture. Its news coverage is more locally focused, and their target audiences are younger than those of daily newspapers. Typically, alternative newspapers are published in tabloid format and printed on newsprint. Other names for such publications include alternative weekly, alternative newsweekly, and alt weekly, as the majority circulate on a weekly schedule.

Most metropolitan areas of the United States and Canada are home to at least one alternative paper. These papers are generally found in such urban areas, although a few publish in smaller cities, in rural areas or exurban areas where they may be referred to as an alt monthly  due to the less frequent publication schedule.
Pachamwan
Pachamwan is a village in Gopalganj district in the state of Bihar. It is situated near a beautiful canal flowing throughout the year with fresh water covered, with dense trees. It has a population of around 1000. Most of the male members are working in the Gulf. This village is famous for communal harmony in the district. This village has also produced many officers and professors at state and national level

Gopalganj district, India
Gopalganj district is one of the administrative districts in the Indian state of Bihar. The district headquarters is the town of Gopalganj, and the district is part of Saran Division. Major languages spoken are Hindi and Bhojpuri. Gopalganj located in west Bihar.
Paroha Municipality
Paroha (Nepali: परोहा) is a municipality in Rautahat District, a part of Province No. 2 in Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. Laukaha is the largest city of paroha and also headquarter of paroha municipality. It occupies an area of 37.45 km2 with a total population of 37,453.

Madhesh Province
Madhesh Province (Nepali: मधेश प्रदेश, romanized: Madhēś pradēś) is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,114,600 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area.
It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west.
The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
It is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.
Manwgan ap Selyf
Manwgan ap Selyf was an early 7th-century King of Powys, the son of Selyf Sarffgadau.

One theory asserts that when Manwgan ap Selyf came to the throne in 613 he was a young boy, which led to an invasion of Powys by Eluadd ap Glast (alias Eiludd Powys), the erstwhile King of Dogfeiling. The usurper probably managed to hold the throne for some thirty years or more before he was killed fighting the Northumbrians, possibly at the Battle of Maes Cogwy, traditionally identified as Oswestry, in 642. The Dogfeiling dynasty was finally crushed by the Saxons around 656, and Manwgan was able to take his rightful place on the Powysian throne. However Eiludd is unlikely to be the same as Eluadd ap Glast as Eiludd is recorded as the brother of Manwgan and son of Selyf in Jesus College, Oxford MS. 20, whereas in the British Library Harley MS 3859 he is Manwgan's uncle and a brother of Selyf.

Battle of Maserfield
52°51′36″N 3°03′14″W﻿ / ﻿52.860°N 3.054°W﻿ / 52.860; -3.054

The Battle of Maserfield, (Welsh: Cad Maes Cogwy) was fought on 5 August 641 or 642 (642 according to Ward) between the Anglo-Saxon kings Oswald of Northumbria and Penda of Mercia allied with Welsh Kingdom of Gwynedd, ending in Oswald's defeat, death, and dismemberment.

The location was also known as Cogwy in Welsh, with Welshmen from Pengwern participating in the battle (according to the probably ninth-century Canu Heledd), probably as allies of the Mercians. Bede reports the commonly accepted date given above; the Welsh Annales Cambriae is generally considered incorrect in giving the year of the battle as 644. The site of the battle is traditionally identified with Oswestry.
Lunette (stele)
The lunette spatial region in the upper portion of steles, became common for steles as a prelude to a stele's topic. Its major use was from ancient Egypt in all the various categories of steles: funerary, Victory steles, autobiographical, temple, votive, etc.

The lunettes are most common from ancient Egyptian steles, as not only is the topic of the stele presented, but honorific gods, presenters, individuals, etc. are previewed, and often with Egyptian hieroglyphic statements.

The main body of the stele is then presented below, often separated with a horizontal line (register), but not always. In Egyptian steles, many have horizontal lines of hieroglyphs; often the lunette will contain shorter vertical statements in hieroglyphs, sometimes just names of the individuals portrayed, hieroglyphs in front, or behind the individual.

Man-seated: arms in adoration
The ancient Egyptian Dua (Man-seated: arms in adoration) hieroglyph is one of a series of language and visual hieroglyphs used from the earliest dynasties of Ancient Egypt, and that portrays men, women, ideology, and some occupations.

Used versions of the adoration hieroglyph are with men, women, and groups of individuals; also the adoration-type hieroglyph is shown in a standing pose, with upraised arms. The men and women hieroglyphs of both the men and women series, encompass a majority of the human traits, forms, emotions, etc.
Anfaal Saari
Anfaal binti Saari is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Selangor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administration under Menteri Besar Amirudin Shari and Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Taman Templer since August 2023. She served as Member of the Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (MPAJ). She is a member and Division Women Chief of Gombak of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the PH coalition. She has also served as the Deputy Women Chief of AMANAH since December 2023. She is also presently one of the only two AMANAH Selangor EXCO Members alongside Izham Hashim, one of the only two female Selangor EXCO Members alongside Jamaliah Jamaluddin and the daughter of former Hulu Kelang MLA Saari Sungib.

Ampang Jaya Municipal Council
Ampang Jaya Municipal Council (Malay: Majlis Perbandaran Ampang Jaya) is the local authority which administers Ampang Jaya of Selangor, Malaysia. It was founded on 1 July 1992, by combining the sub-districts (Mukim) of Ulu Klang and Ampang from the Gombak District Council (Majlis Daerah Gombak) (which is now known as Selayang Municipal Council) and Hulu Langat District Council (Majlis Daerah Hulu Langat) (now under Kajang Municipal Council) respectively.
Osica de Jos
Osica de Jos (Romanian for "Lower Osica") is a commune in Olt County, in the historical region of Oltenia in Romania. It consists of two villages, Bobu and Osica de Jos. The commune was established in 2004 when the villages were split off from Dobrun. In the casual language of the inhabitants of the village and neighbouring towns, the village is called Osica Mică ("Small Osica") to make the distinction from the village of Osica Mare/Osica de Sus ("Upper Osica" or "Greater Osica"), which is larger in population and land surface.

The band of călușari from Osica de Jos has won many awards in folklore competitions.

Olt County
Olt County (Romanian pronunciation: [olt]) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the historical regions of Oltenia and Muntenia (the regions are separated by the Olt river). The capital city is Slatina.
Points decision
A points decision (PTS) is a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts and other sports involving striking. Unlike normal decisions where there are three judges who agree on which fighter won the match, the fight is scored by the referee, who determines who wins the bout.

In some boxing matches, particularly when sanctioned by the British Boxing Board of Control in the United Kingdom, the referee is responsible for scoring (round by round) which fighter they feel is winning (and losing). Sometimes it denotes that the actual scores are unknown.

A unanimous decision is also sometimes referred to as a "win on points".

Combat sport
A combat sport, or fighting sport, is a contact sport that usually involves one-on-one combat. In many combat sports, a contestant wins by scoring more points than the opponent, submitting the opponent with a hold, disabling the opponent (knockout, KO), or attacking the opponent in a specific or designated technique. Combat sports share a long history with the martial arts.

Some combat sports (and their national origin) include boxing (Greek-British), Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Japanese-Brazilian), catch wrestling (British-American), jujutsu (Japanese), judo (Japanese), freestyle wrestling (British-American), Greco-Roman wrestling (French), karate (Chinese-Okinawan-Japanese), kickboxing (numerous origins, mainly Southeast Asian), Lethwei (Burmese), mixed martial arts (numerous origins), Muay Thai (Thai), sambo (Soviet/Russian), sanda (Chinese), savate (French), taekwondo (Korean), Vale Tudo (Brazilian), pankration (Ancient Greek), luta livre (Brazilian), and folk wrestling (various).
Vittorio Radice
Vittorio Radice (born 2 April 1957, in Como) is an Italian businessman, investor, retail veteran, chairman of Switzerland's Globus and vice-chairman of Italy's la Rinascente S.p.A.. Credited with revamping London department store Selfridges, 150-year-old Italian department store la Rinascente, Berlin's Kaufhaus des Westens and Switzerland's Globus.

Central Group
Central Group is a Thai multinational conglomerate founded by Tiang and Samrit Chirathivat in 1947, and still privately owned by the Chirathivat family as of 2025. Its publicly traded subsidiaries include Central Retail, Central Pattana (commercial real estate development), and Central Plaza Hotel (hospitality group and restaurant operator). Its privately held subsidiaries operate several European department stores, including those acquired from the former KaDeWe Group and Selfridges Group, and financial services.
Douglas L. Wilson
Douglas L. Wilson (born November 10, 1935) is the George A. Lawrence Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of English at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois, where he taught from 1961 to 1994. He then was the founding director of the Robert H. Smith International Center for Jefferson Studies at the Thomas Jefferson Foundation (Monticello) in Charlottesville, Virginia.  In his retirement, he  returned to Knox College to found and co-direct the Lincoln Studies Center with his colleague Rodney O. Davis.

Wilson is also a two-time winner of the Lincoln Prize for Lincoln's Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words, published in November 2006, as well as Honor's Voice in 1999.

Alfred A. Knopf
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (/knɒpf/) is an American publishing house that was founded by Blanche Knopf and Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915. Blanche and Alfred traveled abroad regularly and were known for publishing European, Asian, and Latin American writers in addition to leading American literary trends. It was acquired by Random House in 1960, and is now part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group division of Penguin Random House which is owned by the German conglomerate Bertelsmann.

The Knopf publishing house is associated with the borzoi logo in its colophon, which was designed by co-founder Blanche Knopf in 1925.
Begum (name)
Begum or Begüm is a female title, given name and surname. It comes from Turkic languages, it is formed by adding the suffix "-um", meaning "mine" to the word beg. It means "my lord, lady" and is used as the female equivalent of the word bey. It is also used in Mirza families/lineages.

Nawabs of Bhopal
The Nawabs of Bhopal were the Muslim rulers of Bhopal, now part of Madhya Pradesh, India. The nawabs first ruled under the Mughal Empire from 1707 to 1737, under the Maratha Confederacy from 1737 to 1818, then under British rule from 1818 to 1947, and independently thereafter until it was acceded to the Union of India in 1949. The female nawabs of Bhopal held the title Nawab Begum of Bhopal.
I Can Speak
I Can Speak is a 2017 South Korean comedy-drama film based on a true story of comfort women directed by Kim Hyun-seok and distributed by Lotte Entertainment. The film depicts the story of the resolution of conviction for "comfort women" (HR121) of the Japanese military in 2007.  Though the film is a comedy, the genre serves as a vehicle to discuss the deeper topic of Korean  comfort women. The way that film illustrated  Na Ok-Bun's enterprising attitude of her life and her courageously testifying in front of the whole world were applauded. The film stars Na Moon-hee as Na Ok-Bun, with Lee Je-hoon as Park Min-Jae. The scene of Na Ok-Bun's testimony to the United States Congress was filmed at the Capitol Building of Virginia, in the city of Richmond.

United States House of Representatives House Resolution 121
United States House of Representatives House Resolution 121 (H.Res. 121) is a resolution about comfort women which Japanese-American Congressman Mike Honda of California's 15th congressional district introduced to the American House of Representatives in 2007. It asks that the Japanese government apologize to former comfort women and include curriculum about them in Japanese schools, citing the 1921 International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children - that Japan has ratified - and United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325. This resolution was passed on July 30, 2007.
Luis Gneiting
Luis Roberto Gneiting Dichtiar (22 February 1968 – 25 July 2018) was a Paraguayan politician.

His parents were Miguel Gneiting and Irene Dichtiar. Prior to his political career, Luis Gneiting was a veterinarian. The younger Gneiting succeeded his father as mayor of Carmen del Paraná in 1997 and served until 1999. In 2008, Luis Gneiting was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. He left the legislature to assume the governorship of Itapúa Department. Gneiting stepped down in 2017, and was appointed Minister of Agriculture and Livestock in May 2018. He died in a plane crash on 25 July 2018, aged 50. Gneiting and deputy agriculture minister Vicente Ramírez were traveling from Ayolas to Asunción.

Gneiting was survived by his second wife Liliana Beatriz Benítez, and children from his first marriage to Delia Edith Floris Cardozo, whom he divorced in April 2012.

Ayolas
Ayolas is a city in the department of Misiones, Paraguay, located at 310 km southeast of Asunción, on the banks of the Paraná River.  It is, also, the name of the district within which the city is located.