hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Graeme Langlands
Graeme Frank Langlands, MBE, (2 September 1941 – 20 January 2018), also known by the nickname of "Changa", was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played from the 1950s till the 1970s and coached in the 1970s.

He retired as the most-capped player for the Australia national team with 45 international appearances from 1963 to 1975, and captained his country in 15 Test matches and World Cup games. Langlands was the fullback and goal-kicker for the St. George Dragons in the latter half of their 11-year consecutive premiership-winning run from 1956 to 1966.

Kangaroo Tour
Kangaroo Tour is the name given to Australia national rugby league team tours of Great Britain and France, tours to New Zealand and the one-off tour to Papua New Guinea (1991). The first Kangaroo Tour was in 1908. Traditionally, Kangaroo Tours took place every four years and involved a three-Test Ashes series against Great Britain (sometimes called Northern Union or The Lions) and a number of tour matches. The 1911/12 and 1921/22 tours were by the Australasian Kangaroos as both teams included New Zealand players. Some Kangaroo tours to Great Britain and France also included international friendly matches against Wales, though these games were not given test match status.

The last full Kangaroo Tour was in 1994, although shortened Kangaroo Tours took place in 2001 and again in 2003.

Since 1954, the Kangaroos have also made a number of overseas tours for multi-team tournaments such as the World Cup, Tri-Nations and Four Nations, however these are not classed as Kangaroo tours.
HD 73534 b
HD 73534 b is an extrasolar planet which orbits the G-type subgiant star HD 73534, located approximately 272 light years away in the constellation Cancer. It is at least 15% more massive than Jupiter and orbits at an average distance of 3.15 AU and takes 4.9 years to complete the orbit in a nearly circular path with an eccentricity similar to Jupiter. This planet was detected by radial velocity method on August 12, 2009.

The planet HD 73534 b is named Drukyul. The name was selected by Bhutan as part of the NameExoWorlds campaigns during the 100th anniversary of the IAU. Drukyul (འབྲུག་ཡུལ) means "land of the thunder dragon", the native name of Bhutan.

Doppler spectroscopy
Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for finding extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.
As of January 2026, over 1,100 known extrasolar planets (about 19.0% of the total) have been discovered using Doppler spectroscopy.
Fritz Manteuffel
Julius Carl Fritz Manteuffel (11 January 1875 – 21 April 1941) was a German gymnast.  He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Manteuffel was a member of the German team that won two gold medals by placing first in both of the team events, the parallel bars and the horizontal bar.  He also competed in the parallel bars, horizontal bar, vault, and pommel horse individual events, though without success.

Parallel bars
Parallel bars are floor apparatus consisting of two wooden bars approximately 350 centimetres (11 feet 6 inches) long and positioned at 200 cm (6 ft 7 in) above the floor. Parallel bars are used in artistic gymnastics and also for physical therapy and home exercise. Gymnasts may optionally wear grips when performing a routine on the parallel bars, although this is uncommon.
Mazllom Kumnova
Mazllom Kumnova (born 17 March 1946) is a former politician in Kosovo. He was the interim mayor of Gjakova from 1999 to 2001 and served in the Assembly of Kosovo from 2005 to 2007. Kumnova is a member of the Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (AAK).

Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo
The Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo (Albanian: Kuvendi i Republikës së Kosovës; Serbian: Скупштина Републике Косово, Skupština Republike Kosovo), also known as the Kuvendi, is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Kosovo. It is directly elected by the people every four years. It was originally established by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 2001 to provide 'provisional, democratic self-government'. On 17 February 2008, representatives of the people of Kosovo unilaterally declared Kosovo's independence and subsequently adopted the Constitution of Kosovo, which came into effect on 15 June 2008.
WEND
WEND (106.5 FM), branded "106.5 The End", is a commercial radio station licensed to Salisbury, North Carolina, primarily serving the Charlotte metropolitan area, as well as parts of the Piedmont Triad. It airs an alternative rock format and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. The studios are on South Tryon Street in Charlotte. In morning drive time, WEND airs The Woody & Wilcox Show, with Chris Rozak in afternoons. On weekends, the nationally syndicated Skratch 'N Sniff program is heard.

WEND has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 84,000 watts. The transmitter is off Brown Road at Lipe Road in Landis. The station broadcasts using HD Radio technology and is available online via iHeartRadio.

High Point, North Carolina
High Point is a city in the Piedmont Triad region of the U.S. state of North Carolina. Most of the city is in Guilford County, with parts extending into Randolph, Davidson, and Forsyth counties. As of the 2020 census the city had a total population of 114,059. High Point is the ninth-most populous in North Carolina, the third-largest municipality in the Piedmont Triad, and the 259th-most populous city in the U.S.

Major industries in High Point include furniture, textiles, and bus manufacturing. The city's official slogan is "North Carolina's International City" due to the semi-annual High Point Furniture Market that attracts 100,000 exhibitors and buyers from around the world. It is home to High Point University, a private Methodist-affiliated institution founded in 1924.

The current mayor of High Point is Cyril Jefferson.
Carskadon House
Carskadon House also known as the "Locust Grove" and "Radical Hill," is a historic home located near Burlington, Mineral County, West Virginia.  It was built in 1821, and is a two-story rectangular, side-gabled brick dwelling in a vernacular Federal style. It sits on a granite foundation and has a two-story rear ell.  It features a one-story, Greek Revival style entrance portico.  Also on the property are a contributing granary, scale house and barn.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Kłucko
Kłucko [ˈkwut͡skɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radoszyce, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Radoszyce, 20 km (12 mi) south of Końskie, and 25 km (16 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Radoszyce, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Radoszyce ([radɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ]; Yiddish: ראַדאָשיץ) is a town in Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland (historic province of Lesser Poland). It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Radoszyce. It lies approximately 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Końskie and 33 km (21 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
1939 International University Games (Vienna)
An International University Games (German: Studenten-Weltspiele) was an international multi-sport event held between 20 and 27 August 1939 in Vienna, German Reich (now Vienna, Austria), which had originally been scheduled as the official 1939 staging of the Summer International University Games awarded to Vienna by the Confédération Internationale des Étudiants (CIE) in January 1938, prior to Austria's absorption into Nazi Germany by the Anschluss. The National Socialist German Students' League (NSDStB) withdrew from the CIE in May 1939, and the CIE at short notice moved its version of the 1939 International University Games to Monte Carlo.

The formal opening was by Bernhard Rust, the Reich Minister of Science, Education and Culture, on 20 August at Prater Stadium, the main venue of the games. The International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation stated in 1940 that "the results of the Monaco Games were much superior to those of the Vienna Games."

Bernhard Rust
Bernhard Rust (30 September 1883 – 8 May 1945) was Minister of Science, Education and National Culture (Reichserziehungsminister) in Nazi Germany. A combination of school administrator and zealous Nazi, he issued decrees, often bizarre, at every level of the German educational system to immerse German youth in Nazi ideology. He also served as the party Gauleiter in Hanover and Brunswick from 1925 to 1940.
Robert Henry Carson
Robert Henry Carson (November 7, 1885 – March 7, 1971) was a life insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia, Canada. He represented Kamloops in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1933 to 1949 as a Liberal then Liberal-Conservative Coalition member.

He was born on Pavilion Farm, a ranch in British Columbia, the son of Robert Carson and Eliza Jane Magee, and was educated in New Westminster. In 1912, Carson married Constance Hildred Robson. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the British Columbia assembly in 1928. Carson served as Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly from 1937 to 1941 and from 1943 to 1944. He then served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1948 to 1949. He was president of the Richmond Point Grey Board of Trade.

Carson died in Kamloops at the age of 85 in 1971.

His brother Ernest Crawford also served in the provincial assembly.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
William, Count of Monte Sant'Angelo
William (died after 1104) was the Count of Monte Sant'Angelo from 1102 to 1104. He succeeded his brother, Henry, on his death.

According to the Chronica Montasterii Casinensis of Leo of Ostia, William (Guilelmus), whom Leo calls comes civitatis montis Sancti Michahelis archangeli ("count of the city of Saint Michael the Archangel"), made a donation to Montecassino in April 1100. The passage mentions his brother with no indication of his death, but he had perhaps already died by then, though he was not certainly dead until August 1103, probably dying 21 December 1102.

In October 1104, Roger Borsa, Duke of Apulia and William's nominal overlord, besieged William in Monte Sant'Angelo and expelled him, abolishing his county. William's subsequent fate is unknown.

Leo of Ostia
Leo Marsicanus (meaning "of the Marsi") or Ostiensis (meaning "of Ostia"), also known as Leone dei Conti di Marsi (1046, Marsica – 1115/7, Ostia), was a nobleman and monk of Monte Cassino around 1061 and Italian cardinal from the 12th century.

In Monte Cassino, he became a friend of Desiderius of Benevento, later Pope Victor III, and it was to him that Leo dedicated his most famous work as an historian and chronicler, being a librarian: the Chronica Monasterii Casinensis. The chronicler depends largely on Amatus' earlier work, but also on oral traditions and other archives. Leo finished it at 1075; it is continued by other monastic librarian Peter the Deacon.

Pope Urban II created him cardinal deacon in 1088 with the deaconry of Ss. Vito e Modesto. In 1101, Pope Paschal II promoted him cardinal-bishop of Ostia. In 1105, he was appointed cardinal - bishop of   Velletri until his death.
Acidulated water
Acidulated water is water where some sort of acid is added—often lemon juice, lime juice, or vinegar—to prevent cut or skinned fruits or vegetables from browning so as to maintain their appearance. Some vegetables and fruits often placed in acidulated water are apples, avocados, celeriac, potatoes and pears. When the fruit or vegetable is removed from the mixture, it will usually resist browning for at least an hour or two, even though it is being exposed to oxygen.

An added benefit of placing items in acidulated water is that the food item acquires a taste of the acid used, which can be very pleasant on the palate.

Acidulated water, most often made with the use of vinegar, can be used on an aged, hanging beef carcass (butchered) to help clean it.  The hanging primals / sub-primals can be wiped down with a cloth that has been submerged in the acidulated solution to help remove the "slick" surface that can build up during the aging process.

Lemon
The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a species of small evergreen tree in the Citrus genus of the flowering plant family Rutaceae. A true lemon is a hybrid of the citron and the bitter orange. Its origins are uncertain, but some evidence suggests lemons originated during the 1st millennium BC in what is now northeastern India. Some other citrus fruits are called lemon.

The yellow fruit of the lemon tree is used throughout the world, primarily for its juice. The pulp and rind are used in cooking and baking. The juice of the lemon is about 5–6% citric acid, giving it a sour taste. This makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.

In 2024, world production was 23 million tonnes, led by India and Mexico with 31% of the total.
Yi Kang
Yi Kang, Prince Imperial Ui (Korean: 의친왕 이강; 30 March 1877 – 15 August 1955), also known as Prince Uihwa (1891–1900) or King Ui (1900–1955) was the second son of Emperor Gojong of Korea and his concubine, Lady Jang, who was a court lady-in-waiting.

In 1891, his father King Gojong issued a decree naming Yi "Prince Uihwa" with the style of Royal Highness. Yi married Lady Kim Deok-su, the daughter of court official Kim Sajun.

Upon declaration of Korean Empire in 1897, Yi was enthroned as King Ui or Prince Imperial Ui by his father Emperor Gojong of Korea in 1900 along with his younger brother, Yi Un.

Royal Highness
Royal Highness is a style, or form of address, used to address or refer to some members of royal families, usually princes or princesses. Kings and their female consorts, as well as queens regnant, are usually styled Majesty.

When used as a direct form of address, spoken or written, it takes the form Your Royal Highness. When used as a third-person reference, it is gender-specific (His Royal Highness or Her Royal Highness, both abbreviated HRH) and in plural, Their Royal Highnesses (TRH).

It is used also for hereditary members of former reigning royal houses.
Universitetsholmen
55°36′33″N 12°59′40″E﻿ / ﻿55.60909°N 12.99437°E﻿ / 55.60909; 12.99437

Universitetsholmen is an artificial island in Malmö harbor, Sweden surrounded by bays and channels, to the west of Malmö Central Station.

The island got its name in connection with the creation of Malmö University. The event center Malmö Live is situated on the southern part of Universitetsholmen.

The island is bounded by (clockwise from east) the inner harbor, Suellshamnen, Western Port Channel, Citadellshamnen and the Southern lap pool.

Malmö Central Station
Malmö Central Station (Swedish: Malmö centralstation; abbreviated Malmö C) is the main railway station serving the city of Malmö, Sweden. It is located in central Malmö, situated between the historic city centre and the Port of Malmö. Opened on the Southern Main Line in 1856, it serves approximately 17 million passengers per year.

With the opening of the City Tunnel in 2010, the station began through services connecting south to Copenhagen via the Öresund Line, to stations north on the Southern Main Line, saving at least 15 minutes for through passengers.
Gene cluster
A gene cluster is a group of two or more genes found within an organism's DNA that encode similar polypeptides or proteins which collectively share a generalized function and are often located within a few thousand base pairs of each other. The size of gene clusters can vary significantly, from a few genes to several hundred genes. Portions of the DNA sequence of each gene within a gene cluster are found to be identical; however, the protein encoded by each gene is distinct from the proteins encoded by the other genes within the cluster. Gene clusters often result from expansions of a single gene caused by repeated duplication events, and may be observed near one another on the same chromosome or on different, but homologous chromosomes. An example of a gene cluster is the Hox gene, which is made up of eight genes and is part of the Homeobox gene family.

Homologous chromosome
Homologous chromosomes or homologs are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during meiosis. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci, where they provide points along each chromosome that enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance, which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.
Loup County, Nebraska
Loup County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 607, making it Nebraska's fifth-least populous county and the tenth-least populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Taylor. The county was named after the Pawnee Loup Indians.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Loup County is represented by the prefix 88 (it had the eighty-eighth-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).

Vehicle registration plates of Nebraska
The U.S. state of Nebraska first required its residents to register their motor vehicles in 1905. Registrants provided their own license plates for display until 1915, when the state began to issue plates.

As of 2024, plates are issued by the Nebraska Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). Front and rear plates are required for most classes of vehicles, while only rear plates are required for motorcycles and trailers. A bill was passed by legislators in April 2025 to change the law of just issuing rear license plates. That law change is set to go into effect in 2029 when a new design print license plates will be released. All state-issued plates were made of steel until 1947 when aluminum plates were introduced.
Charlotte Tilbury Beauty
Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd is a British cosmetics company registered in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 2013 by Charlotte Tilbury, a British makeup artist who is also chair. The company is headquartered in Surrey Street, London in the United Kingdom. The current CEO is Lady Demetra Pinsent. In 2018, Charlotte Tilbury Beauty Ltd had a revenue of £100.9 million.

Charlotte Tilbury products are available in 76 countries and are largely sold in retail stores for personal care and beauty products. These include multinational companies like Cult Beauty, Sephora, Bloomingdales, and ASOS. Charlotte Tilbury is now available online and in store at Ulta Beauty. The brand is available in retail stores in Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Kuwait, Macau Sar, China,  South Korea, Japan, Netherlands, Qatar, Spain, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Italy and United States.

Sephora
Sephora SA is a French multinational retailer of personal care and beauty products, offering nearly 340 brands alongside its own private label, Sephora Collection. Its product range includes cosmetics, skincare, fragrances, nail polish, beauty tools, body care products, and hair care items.

The company was founded in Limoges, France in 1969 and is currently based in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. Since 1996, Sephora has been owned by the luxury conglomerate LVMH.
September 2034 lunar eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Thursday, September 28, 2034, with an umbral magnitude of 0.0155. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 1.9 days before perigee (on September 30, 2034, at 0:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

This will the second-shortest partial lunar eclipse in the 21st century, lasting 26 minutes and 42 seconds. On February 13, 2082, a slightly shorter partial eclipse will occur, lasting 25 minutes and 30 seconds.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Ukrainians in Kuban
The Ukrainians in Kuban (Ukrainian: Українці на Кубані, romanized: Ukraintsi na Kubani) in southern Russia constitute a national minority. The region as a whole shares many linguistic, cultural and historic ties with Ukraine.  Тhe area where Ukrainians live in Kuban is sometimes unofficially referred to as Raspberry Ukraine or Malynovyi Klyn (Ukrainian: Малиновий Клин).

Ukrainians first settled in the Kuban region in 1792. Until the mid-twentieth century the majority of the population there identified themselves as Ukrainians. Due to Russian and Soviet national policies—including the Holodomor—most of the population became Russified, and the percentage of those who identified themselves as Ukrainians dropped from an official 55% (1926) to 0.9% (2002).

Kuban Cossack Choir
Kuban Cossack Chorus (Russian: Кубанский казачий хор, romanized: Kubanskij kazačij chor, Ukrainian: Кубанський козачий хор, romanized: Kubanśkyj kozačyj chor) is one of the leading folkloric ensembles in Russia. Its repertoire and performances reflect the songs, dances, and folklore of the Kuban Cossacks.