hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexei Ugarov
Alexei Mikhailovich Ugarov (Russian: Алексей Михайлович Угаров; born November 2, 1985) is a Belarusian professional ice hockey forward. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played for Severstal Cherepovets of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He previously played three seasons for HC Nizhnekamsk Neftekhimik in the Russian Super League.

Ugarov was selected for the Belarus national men's ice hockey team in the 2010 Winter Olympics. He also participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Belarus National men's ice hockey team.

Russian Superleague
The Russian Superleague (Russian: Чемпионат России Суперлига, Russian Championship Superleague), commonly abbreviated as RSL, was the highest division of the main professional ice hockey league in Russia. It was considered the second-best league in the world, after the National Hockey League (NHL) of North America. It was a part of the Russian Pro Hockey League which was composed of three divisions — the Superleague, Major League (Vysshaya Liga), and First League (Pervaya Liga).

The league was rebranded after the 2007–08 season as the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The KHL absorbed all 20 teams from the previous RSL season, for a total of 24 for its inaugural campaign.
Kelly Taylor (rugby union)
Kelly Taylor (née Smith, born 21 December 1995) is an English rugby union player.

Smith began playing rugby at age 10. She made her senior debut with Worcester Valkyries before joining Gloucester-Hartpury in 2017.

Her debut with the England national team was at the 2018 Six Nations Championship where she played in England's last game. She also played at the 2019 Six Nations Championship which England won the Grand Slam. She scored two tries over four games. She was selected to play in the 2020 Women's Six Nations Championship, which was postponed midway due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2019, she was one of 28 players awarded a full-time contract with the English national team.

2018 Women's Six Nations Championship
The 2018 Women's Six Nations Championship, also known as the 2018 RBS Women's Six Nations sponsored by Royal Bank of Scotland, was the 17th series of the Women's Six Nations Championship, an annual women's rugby union competition featuring six European rugby union national teams. Matches were held in February and March 2018, on the same weekends as the  men's tournament, if not always the same day.

As in the 2017 tournament, the 2018 tournament used the rugby union bonus points system common to other professional tournaments: "As well as the standard four points for a win or two for a draw, a team scoring four or more tries during a match will receive an additional league table point, as will a team losing by 7 or fewer points". "Additionally, to ensure that a team winning all of its five matches (a Grand Slam) will also win the Championship, three bonus points will be awarded for this achievement".
Shi Le's invasion of You Province
Shi Le's invasion of You province was fought between Han-Zhao general, Shi Le and the Western Jin Inspector of You province, Wang Jun in the spring of 314. After many years of war between the two sides, Shi Le successfully deceived Wang Jun by feigning submission and showing support for his claim to the imperial throne. As a result, he was able to pass through Wang Jun's territory with no resistance and launch a surprise attack on his capital at Jicheng. The campaign concluded in victory for the Han and Wang Jun's capture, although strong pockets of Jin resistance remained in You and Qing provinces.

Wuhuan
The Wuhuan (simplified Chinese: 乌桓; traditional Chinese: 烏桓; pinyin: Wūhuán, < Eastern Han Chinese: *ʔɑ-ɣuɑn, < Old Chinese (c. 78 BC): *ʔâ-wân < *Awar) were a Proto-Mongolic or para-Mongolic nomadic people who inhabited northern China, in what is now the provinces of Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi, the municipality of Beijing and the autonomous region of Inner Mongolia.
Grasscut
Grasscut are a musical group featuring composer/producer Andrew Phillips and musician/writer Marcus O'Dair. Phillips writes and produces all Grasscut music; he also sings and plays various instruments including guitar and keyboards. O'Dair manages the act and contributes keyboards and double bass. They are based in Brighton, England.

Adrian Crowley
Adrian Crowley is a singer, composer, songwriter, lyricist from Galway, based in Dublin and born in Sliema, Malta.

Crowley has released eight albums to date, with his debut A Strange Kind arriving in 1999. He followed this with When You Are Here You Are Family (2002), A Northern Country (2004),  Long Distance Swimmer (2007), Season of the Sparks (2009) and "I See Three Birds Flying" (2012)
In a 2005 Rolling Stone interview, Ryan Adams cited Crowley when asked "Who's the best songwriter that no one's heard of". The Irish Times placed this artist at number eight in a list of "The 50 Best Irish Acts Right Now" published in April 2009.

Crowley has won the Choice Music Prize for Irish Album of the Year on one occasion for Season of the Sparks and been nominated on two another occasion for Long Distance Swimmer and "I See Tree Birds Flying".
Hook Norton Ironstone Partnership
The Hook Norton Ironstone Partnership was the first company to quarry ironstone at Hook Norton on a large scale. Although only in operation for twelve years, its quarries subsequently became part of the Brymbo Steelworks quarries and relics of the Partnership's railways and tramways can still be seen today.

Ironstone
Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron ore compound from which iron (Fe) can be smelted commercially.

Not to be confused with native or telluric iron, which is very rare and found in metallic form, the term ironstone is customarily restricted to hard, coarsely banded, non-banded, and non-cherty sedimentary rocks of post-Precambrian age. The Precambrian deposits, which have a different origin, are generally known as banded iron formations. The iron minerals comprising ironstones can consist either of oxides, i.e. limonite, hematite, and magnetite; carbonates, i.e. siderite; silicates, i.e. chamosite; or some combination of these minerals.
1937 Columbia Lions football team
The 1937 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University as an independent during the 1937 college football season. In his eighth season, head coach Lou Little led the team to a 2–5–2 record, though the Lions were only outscored 102 to 100 by opponents.

The team played its home games at Baker Field in Upper Manhattan.

1937 college football season
The 1937 college football season ended with the Panthers of the University of Pittsburgh being named the nation's No. 1 team (and "mythical national champion") by 30 of the 33 voters in the Associated Press writers' poll.  The AP poll was in its second year, and seven votes were taken during the final weeks of the 1937 season, starting with October 18. Each writer listed his choice for the top ten teams, and points were tallied based on 10 for first place, 9 for second, etc., and the AP then ranked the twenty teams with the highest number of points.  With 33 writers polled, Pitt received 30 first place votes and 3 second-place, for a total of 327 points. Most other major rankings (both contemporary and retroactive) also have found Pittsburgh to have been the champion, though two (the contemporary Dunkel System and retroactive Helms Athletic Foundation rankings) have found California the champion.

1937 marks the first season in which the NCAA began keeping official game statistics.
2021 Belgrade Open – Singles
This was the first edition of the tournament, primarily created due to the one-week delay of the 2021 French Open.

Novak Djokovic won the title, defeating Alex Molčan in the final, 6–4, 6–3. It was Djokovic's third title ever in a tournament held in Serbia (excluding the Davis Cup).

Christopher O'Connell
Christopher O'Connell (born 3 June 1994) is an Australian professional tennis player. O'Connell reached a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 53 on 11 September 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 460 on 25 April 2022.
Rainer Spurzem
Rainer Spurzem is a German astronomer at the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut in Heidelberg, Germany. His speciality is the N-body simulation of galaxies and star clusters.

With Sverre Aarseth, he was the first to simulate core collapse of a star cluster using a direct N-body algorithm on a Cray supercomputer.

Rainer Spurzem is a leader of the GRACE project, which uses reconfigurable hardware for astrophysical particle simulations. The GRACE project was funded via grants from the Volkswagen Foundation and from the Ministry of Science, Research and Art of Baden-Württemberg. He also designed gravitySimulator, a special-purpose computer based on GRAPE accelerator boards at the Rochester Institute of Technology.

Rochester Institute of Technology
The Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private research university in Henrietta, New York, United States, a suburb of Rochester. It was founded in 1829. It is one of only two institutes of technology in New York state, the other being the New York Institute of Technology.

RIT enrolls about 21,000 students, of whom 18,000 are undergraduate and 3,000 are graduate students. These students come from all 50 states in the United States and more than 100 countries. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff. It also has branches abroad in Croatia, Kosovo,  and the United Arab Emirates. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Mahmassani
Mahmassani (Arabic: محمصاني) is an Arabic surname particularly occurring in Lebanon. Notable people with the surname include:

Hani Mahmassani (1956–2025), Lebanese-American engineer, transport scientist and member of Northwestern University faculty

Sobhi Mahmassani (1909–1986), Lebanese legal scholar, lawyer, judge, and politician

Yahya Mahmassani (born 1935), Lebanese diplomat

Wissam Mahmassani (born 1985), Lebanese Technologist and Engineer from Beirut

Sobhi Mahmassani
Sobhi R. Mahmassani (Arabic: صبحي محمصاني, January 29, 1909 – September 10, 1986) was a Lebanese legal scholar, practising lawyer, judge, and political figure helped to build the legal and civic foundations of the then-nascent country of Lebanon, and whose writings on Islamic jurisprudence remain authoritative works on this topic for legal scholars and researchers.
Friday (Robinson Crusoe)
Friday is one of the main characters of Daniel Defoe's 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe and its sequel The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. Robinson Crusoe names the man Friday, with whom he cannot at first communicate, because they first meet on that day. The character is the source of the expression "Man Friday", used to describe a male personal assistant or servant, especially one who is particularly competent or loyal.

It is possible that a Miskito pirate by the name of Will became the inspiration for the character Friday.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Pie (surname)
Pie is a surname.  People with the surname include:

Bruce Pie (1902–1961), Australian politician

Christina Pie, American poker player

Félix Pie (born 1985), Dominican baseball player

Jonathan Pie, fictional character created and portrayed by English comedian Tom Walker.

Louis-Édouard-François-Desiré Pie (1815–1880), French Catholic cardinal

Ntot Ngijol Jean Pie (born 1986), Cameroonian footballer

Ntot Ngijol Jean Pie
Ntot Ngijol Jean Pie (Thai: ตอต ชีโฌล์ ฌ็อง ปี) His nickname is Jean (or John in English) (born 23 September 1986 in Yaoundé, Cameroon) is a football striker from Cameroon who plays for Khonkaen F.C. in the Thai Division 1 League as a striker.
Steven Melin
Steven Melin is an American music composer for audio drama podcasts, films, television, trailers, and video games. Melin's work has been featured in The Bachelorette, Dark Dice, and IGN Summer of Gaming 2024. His music can be heard across numerous projects and platforms including NBC, CBS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation, Xbox, and Steam. Melin is one of the top-selling video game music pack creators in the world, the author of the #1 Amazon best-selling book "Family-First Composer", and the founder of the Video Game Music Alliance.

David Wise (composer)
David Wise is a British video game music composer and musician. He was a composer at Rare from 1985 to 2009, and he was the company's sole musician up until 1994. He has gained a dedicated following for his work on various games, particularly Nintendo's Donkey Kong Country series. Wise is known for his atmospheric style of music, mixing natural environmental sounds with prominent melodic and percussive accompaniment.
Mullard (surname)
Mullard  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Thomas Mullard (1920–1984), English footballer

Arthur Mullard (1910–1995), English actor and singer

John Mullard (born 1945), British rower

Stanley R. Mullard (1883–1979), English industrialist

Arthur Mullard
Arthur Ernest Mullard (né Mullord; 19 September 1910 – 11 December 1995) was an English actor and singer.

Following military service and a brief boxing career, Mullard found work as a cockney character actor in film and TV comedy, notably in the series Romany Jones.
Acoela
Acoela, or the acoels, is an order of small and simple invertebrates in the subphylum Xenacoela of phylum Xenacoelomorpha, a deep-branching bilaterian group of animals, which resemble flatworms. Historically, they were treated as an order of turbellarian flatworms. About 400 species are known, but probably many more are not yet described.

The etymology of "acoel" is from the Ancient Greek words ἀ (a), the alpha privative, expressing negation or absence, and κοιλία (koilía), meaning "cavity". This refers to the fact that acoels have a structure lacking a fluid-filled body cavity.

Alpha privative
An alpha privative or, rarely, privative a (from Latin alpha prīvātīvum, from Ancient Greek α στερητικόν) is the prefix a- or an- (before vowels) that is used in Indo-European languages such as Sanskrit and Greek and in words borrowed therefrom to express negation or absence, for example the English words of Greek origin atypical, anesthetic, and analgesic, as well as the English word of Sanskrit origin ahimsa (ahinsa).

It is derived from a Proto-Indo-European syllabic nasal *n̥-, the zero ablaut grade of the negation *ne, i.e. /n/ used as a vowel. For this reason, it usually appears as an- before vowels (e.g. an-alphabetism, an-esthesia, an-archy). It shares the same root with the Greek prefix nē- or ne-, in Greek νη- or νε-, that is also privative (e.g. ne-penthe).

It is not to be confused with, among other things, an alpha copulative (e.g. a-delphós) or the prefix an- (i.e. the preposition aná with ecthlipsis or elision of its final vowel before a following vowel; e.g. an-ode).
Cipolletti
Cipolletti (Spanish pronunciation: [sipoˈleti] or [tʃipoˈleti]) is a city in north of the Patagonian province of Río Negro, Argentina. With a population of 95,524 inhabitants at the 2022 census [INDEC], Cipolletti is the third-most populated settlement in the province, after San Carlos de Bariloche and General Roca. Together with the adjoining cities of Neuquén and Plottier, it forms the Greater Neuquén agglomeration, with a population of 500,336 people in 2022.

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
Schlieren
Schlieren (/ˈʃlɪərən/ SHLEER-ən; German: [ˈʃliːʁn̩] ⓘ, German for 'streaks') are optical inhomogeneities in transparent media that are not necessarily visible to the human eye. Schlieren physics developed out of the need to produce high-quality lenses devoid of such inhomogeneities. These inhomogeneities are localized differences in optical path length that cause deviations of light rays, especially by refraction. This light deviation can produce localized brightening, darkening, or even color changes in an image, depending on the directions the rays deviate.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
Alberto Errera
Alberto Israel Errera (Greek: Αλβέρτος Ερρέρα, 15 January 1913 – August 1944) was a Greek-Jewish officer and a member of the anti-Nazi resistance. He was a member of the Sonderkommando in Auschwitz-Birkenau from May to August 1944.

He took part in the preparation of the Sonderkommando revolt of 1944. He is one of the possible authors of the Sonderkommando photographs. Errera died in Auschwitz-Birkenau.

Resistance during World War II
During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

While resistance groups played a significant auxiliary role in harassing the enemy, their military impact was limited, and they were incapable of liberating their nations alone. Overall, the effectiveness of resistance movements during World War II is generally measured more by their political and moral impact than their decisive military contribution to the overall Allied victory.
Želeč (Prostějov District)
Želeč is a municipality and village in Prostějov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Želeč lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south of Prostějov, 30 km (19 mi) south of Olomouc, and 210 km (130 mi) south-east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Bir Singh Judeo
HH Maharaja Sir Bir Singh Judeo Bahadur, KCIE (1864 - 1936) was a ruler of Samthar State from 17 Jun 1896 – 9 Oct 1935, when he abdicated throne due to old age in favour of his son  Radha Charan Singh. He was knighted KCIE on 3 Jun 1915.

Belonging to the  Khatana Dynasty of Samthar Bir Singh Judeo Bahadur was a direct descendant of Rajdhar Nune Shah Gurjar and the son of, Haharaja Chhatar Singh Deo Bahadur. Following his legacy, the present head of the Khatana Royal Family of Samthar is his great grandson, Shrimant Maharaja Samarjeet Singh Khatana Judeo.

Samthar
Samthar is a city and a municipal board in Jhansi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Historically before independence of India, it was also known as Samshergarh erstwhile capital of Samthar State.
Zuboff
Zuboff is a surname of Russian origin. It is a transliteration variant of the Russian surname Zubov, originating from the Russian word zub (tooth). Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Zuboff (born 1946), American philosopher

Shoshana Zuboff (born 1951), American author and scholar

Arnold Zuboff
Arnold Stuart Zuboff (born January 2, 1946) is an American philosopher. He is the original formulator of the Sleeping Beauty problem. Zuboff has worked on topics such as personal identity, the philosophy of mind, ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, the philosophy of probability, and a view analogous to open individualism—the position that there is one subject of experience, who is everyone—which he calls "universalism".
Bex
Bex (French: [be]; German: Beis; Arpitan: Bés) is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, located in the district of Aigle. It is a few kilometers south of its sister town municipality of Aigle.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.