hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Five safes
The Five Safes is a framework for helping make decisions about making effective use of data which is confidential or sensitive. It is mainly used to describe or design research access to statistical data held by government and health agencies, and by data archives such as the UK Data Service.

Two of the Five Safes refer to statistical disclosure control, and so the Five Safes is usually used to contrast statistical and non-statistical controls when comparing data management options.

UK Statistics Authority
The UK Statistics Authority (UKSA, Welsh: Awdurdod Ystadegau'r DU) is a non-ministerial government department of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for oversight of the Office for National Statistics, maintaining a national code of practice for official statistics, and accrediting statistics that comply with the Code as National Statistics. UKSA was established on 1 April 2008 by the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007, and is directly accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
San Sebastian Stags, Lady Stags and Staglets
The San Sebastian Golden Stags and Lady Stags, also known collectively as the SSC-R Stags, are the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) varsity teams of the San Sebastian College – Recoletos.
Their five consecutive NCAA seniors basketball championships was the longest streak in the NCAA.

The college's juniors team are the San Sebastian Staglets.

Roger Gorayeb
Roger Gorayeb is a Filipino volleyball coach and former college player who is the head coach of the San Sebastian Lady Stags of NCAA Philippines and a team consultant for the Capital1 Solar Spikers of the Premier Volleyball League (PVL).

Gorayeb has been the head coach of San Sebastian since the 1980s and has helped lead San Sebastian to numerous volleyball titles.
Zachary Lipton
Zachary Chase Lipton (born August 19, 1985) is a machine learning researcher and jazz saxophonist from New Rochelle, New York. He is currently Chief Technology Officer and Chief Scientific Officer at Abridge. He is also an associate professor of Machine Learning at Carnegie Mellon University, where he runs the Approximately Correct Machine Intelligence (ACMI) lab. Previously, he completed his undergraduate studies at Columbia University and a PhD in Computer Science at University of California, San Diego. He is the grandson of Issachar Miron, the composer of the popular song Tzena, Tzena, Tzena.

Tzena, Tzena, Tzena
"Tzena, Tzena, Tzena" (Hebrew: צאנה צאנה צאנה, "Come Out, Come Out, Come Out"), sometimes "Tzena, Tzena",  is a song, written in 1941 in Hebrew. Its music is by Issachar Miron (a.k.a. Stefan Michrovsky), a Polish emigrant in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel), and the lyrics are by Yechiel Chagiz.
Eastern Eagles football
The Eastern Eagles football team represents Eastern University in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Eagles are members of the Middle Atlantic Conference (MAC), fielding its team in the MAC since 2023. The Eagles play their home games at O'Hara Field in Radnor, Pennsylvania.

Their head coach is Billy Crocker, who took over the position in 2022 as the team began play in 2023.

Eastern University (United States)
Eastern University (EU) is a private Christian university located in St. Davids, Pennsylvania, United States. Eastern has additional campus locations in Philadelphia and Ripley, West Virginia. The university offers undergraduate, graduate, and seminary programs. Eastern University is affiliated with the American Baptist Churches USA (ABCUSA), and is the parent institution of the Palmer Theological Seminary. While the university itself is affiliated with the ABCUSA, the student body, faculty, and administration are interdenominational.
Cheng Chung-tai
Cheng Chung-tai (Chinese: 鄭松泰; born 5 November 1983) is a Hong Kong academic, social activist, and politician. After winning a seat in the New Territories West constituency in the 2016 legislative election, he took over from Wong Yeung-tat as chairman of Civic Passion until the dissolution in 2021.

Before his disqualification in August 2021, he was the sole remaining opposition member in the Legislative Council after the mass resignation of pro-democracy legislators.

Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU or HKPU) is a public university in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The university is one of the eight government-funded degree-granting tertiary institutions in Hong Kong. Founded in 1937 as the first Government Trade School, it is the first institution to provide technical education in Hong Kong. In 1994, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed a bill which granted the former Hong Kong Polytechnic official university status.

PolyU consists of 7 Faculties, 4 Schools and 1 College, offering programmes covering business, computer and mathematical sciences, construction & environment, engineering, health & social science, humanities, design, fashion & textiles, hotel and tourism management.
Hittin
Hittin (Arabic: حطّين, transliterated Ḥiṭṭīn (Arabic: حِـطِّـيْـن) or Ḥaṭṭīn (Arabic: حَـطِّـيْـن)) was a Palestinian village located 8 kilometers (5 mi) west of Tiberias before it was occupied by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war when most of its original residents became refugees after being ethnically cleansed. As the site of the Battle of Hattin in 1187, in which Saladin reconquered most of Palestine from the Crusaders, it has become an Arab nationalist symbol. The shrine of Nabi Shu'ayb, venerated by the Druze and Sunni Muslims as the tomb of Jethro, is on the village land. The village was ruled by the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century until the end of World War I, when Palestine became part of the British Mandate for Palestine. On July 17 1948, the village was occupied by Israel during the Nakba, after its residents fled out of their homes because of Nazareth's occupation. in later years, the Moshavs Arbel and Kfar Zeitim were erected where Hittin used to be.

Mitzpa
Mitzpa (Hebrew: מִצְפָּה) is a moshava in the Lower Galilee Regional Council, Israel. Located next to the Sea of Galilee and Tiberias, it falls under the jurisdiction of Lower Galilee Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 125.
PH meter
A pH meter is a scientific instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion activity in water-based solutions, indicating its acidity or alkalinity expressed as pH. The pH meter measures the difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference electrode, and so the pH meter is sometimes referred to as a "potentiometric pH meter". The difference in electrical potential relates to the acidity or pH of the solution. Testing of pH via pH meters (pH-metry) is used in many applications ranging from laboratory experimentation to quality control.

Quality control
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements".

This approach places emphasis on three aspects (enshrined in standards such as ISO 9001):

Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records

Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications

Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.

Inspection is a major component of quality control, where physical product is examined visually (or the end results of a service are analyzed). Product inspectors will be provided with lists and descriptions of unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes for example.
Neil Breslin
Neil David Breslin (born June 9, 1942) is an American attorney and politician who served as a member of the New York State Senate. As a Democrat, he has represented a district based in the state capital, Albany, since 1997. He represented parts of Albany and Schenectady counties and all of Montgomery County, including the cities of Albany, Rotterdam, and Amsterdam.

Breslin was the longest-tenured member of the New York State Senate, having served for 28 years.

Montgomery County, New York
Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,532. The county seat is Fonda. The county was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 at the Battle of Quebec. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.

The county is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy combined statistical area.

Historically occupied by the Mohawk people, one of the original Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, the county was created in 1772 during the period of British colonial rule as Tryon County. In 1784, after the Americans gained independence in the War, it was renamed Montgomery County for one of the heroes.

Montgomery County comprises the Amsterdam, NY micropolitan statistical area. The county borders the north and south banks of the Mohawk River.
Pat Hartley
Pat Hartley is a Hungarian-American actress, film director and producer.  She was featured in the Andy Warhol films Screen Test, My Hustler and Prison at Warhol's The Factory in the 1960s. Hartley also appeared in the films Rainbow Bridge with Jimi Hendrix and Absolute Beginners.

She was married to filmmaker Dick Fontaine and together in New York they founded Grapevine Pictures, a film production company, in the 1980s and produced such films as the documentaries I Heard it Through the Grapevine featuring writer James Baldwin about his time in the American South during the civil rights era and Art Blakey: The Jazz Messenger.

Hartley and Fontaine are the parents of music critic Smokey Fontaine.

Hartley has also co-directed, choreographed and written music videos for such musical artists as Johnny Rotten and Afrika Bambaataa as well as Keith LeBlanc.

Keith LeBlanc
Keith LeBlanc (November 10, 1954 – April 4, 2024) was an American drummer and record producer who was a member of the bands Little Axe and Tackhead.

His record "No Sell Out" was one of the first sample-based releases. The song was a moderate success, charting at No. 60 on the UK singles chart, and becoming the single of the week for several major music publications. His career started out on Sugar Hill Records recording with hip hop pioneers Grandmaster Flash and Melle Mel, and released several singles on and was a studio musician for Tommy Boy Records. He is also featured on several tracks on the album Pretty Hate Machine by Nine Inch Nails. He had his own record label on which he released music, samples records, and experiments.
Three Crowns
Three Crowns (Swedish: tre kronor) is the national emblem of Sweden, present in the coat of arms of Sweden, and composed of three yellow or gilded coronets ordered two above and one below, placed on a blue background. Similar designs are found on a number of other coats of arms or flags.

The emblem is often used as a symbol of official State authority by the Monarchy, the Riksdag, the Government of Sweden and by Swedish embassies around the world, but also appears in other less formal contexts, such as the Sweden men's national ice hockey team, who wear the symbol on their sweaters and hence are called "Three Crowns", and atop the Stockholm City Hall (built 1911–1923). The Three Crowns are also used as the roundel on military aircraft of the Swedish Air Force and as a sign on Swedish military equipment in general, and also on the uniforms and vehicles of the Swedish Police Authority.

Hockey jersey
A hockey jersey is a piece of clothing worn by ice hockey players to cover the upper part of their bodies. They also are worn by fans to show support for a team, or to create ties to a hometown or region.

"Hockey sweater" is a term originating from the sport's earlier days when it was predominantly played outside during winter and when the sweaters worn by players were warm, wool-knit coverings. In some regions it is still the preferred terminology.
The Way We Talk Now
The Way We Talk Now: Commentaries on Language and Culture from NPR's Fresh Air is a collection of essays by Geoffrey Nunberg about the effect of language on contemporary culture. Most of the essays are based on segments from the NPR radio program Fresh Air. The title is based on The Way We Live Now. Nunberg looks at modern culture through the lens of language, using his expertise as a linguist to highlight the subtle ways in which language influences society. The essays are organized by subject.

Fresh Air
Fresh Air is an American radio talk show broadcast on National Public Radio stations across the United States since 1987. It is produced by WHYY-FM in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and hosted by Terry Gross and Tonya Mosley. The show is fed live weekdays at 12:00 noon ET, and some stations carry Fresh Air Weekend, a re-programming of highlights of the week's interviews. It won  Peabody Awards in 1994 and 2022.
Malamud decision
In the Malamud decision, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) held on 5 March 2024 in Case C-588/21 P that there may be an overriding public interest in the dissemination of harmonised European standards.

Harmonization (standards)
Harmonization is the process of minimizing redundant or conflicting standards which may have evolved independently. The name is also an analogy to the process to harmonizing discordant music.

Harmonization is different from standardization. Harmonization involves a reduction in variation of standards, while standardization entails moving towards the eradication of any variation with the adoption of a single standard. The goal for standard harmonization is to find commonalities, identify critical requirements that need to be retained, and provide a common framework for standards setting organizations (SSO) to adopt. In some instances, businesses come together forming alliances or coalitions, also referred to multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSI) with a belief that harmonization could reduce compliance costs and simplify the process of meeting requirements. With potential to reduce complexity for those tasked with testing and auditing standards for compliance.
Apple Tree House
Apple Tree House is a television drama series produced by CBeebies for children ages 1 to 6. It is set on the fictitious Apple Tree House estate in London, and filmed in Bromley-by-Bow. It was produced by Five Apples Ltd for the BBC. Apple Tree House was also available on BBC iPlayer for over a year.

CBeebies
CBeebies is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content targeted for children aged six years and under. Its sister channel, CBBC, is intended for older children aged six to twelve. It broadcasts every day from 6:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Four.
Girls Venture Corps Air Cadets
The Girls Venture Corps Air Cadets (GVCAC) was a national voluntary uniformed youth organisation in the United Kingdom for girls aged between 11 and 20. It was a registered charity, and a member of The National Council for Voluntary Youth Services (NCVYS). the Corps Commandant was Yvonne McCarthy. The GVCAC received no funding from the Ministry of Defence (MoD). All adult staff members were subject to DBS checks. In 2022 the national organisation was disbanded, with the individual units continuing as independent charities.

Disclosure and Barring Service
The Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) is a non-departmental public body of the Home Office of the United Kingdom. The DBS enables organisations in the public, private and voluntary sectors to make safer recruitment decisions by identifying candidates who may be unsuitable for certain work, especially involving children or vulnerable adults, and provides wider access to criminal record information through its disclosure service for England and Wales.
Santa Maria River Fault
Santa Maria River Fault is a tectonic fault in Santa Barbara County, California.

It roughly corresponds with the Santa Maria River, until veers south towards Santa Ynez.  It passes just north of the city of Santa Maria, California, and lies south of the potentially dangerous Hosgri fault and newly discovered Shoreline Fault.

To the south lies the Santa Ynez Fault system, which this fault is thought to have the potential to interact with.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
1917 SAPFL Grand Final
The 1917 SAPFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Port Adelaide Football Club and the West Torrens Football Club, held at Alberton Oval on Saturday 1 September 1917. It was the 2nd Grand Final of the South Australian Patriotic Football League, staged to determine the premiers of the 1917 SAPFL season. The match was won by Port Adelaide by a margin of 16 points, marking that clubs second patriotic premiership victory.

The SAFL was opposed to the formation of the Patriotic League and refused to recognise it during and after World War I.

1917 SAPFL season
The 1917 SAPFL season was the 2nd season of the South Australian Patriotic Football League, a competition formed in the absence of the South Australian Football League during World War I. The SAFL was opposed to the formation of the Patriotic League and refused to recognise it during and after World War I.
V. P. R. Ramesh
V. P. R. Ramesh was an Indian politician and former member of the Legislative Assembly. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Tuticorin constituency in the 1991 election.

Thoothukkudi Assembly constituency
Thoothukkudi Assembly constituency (Tamil: தூத்துக்குடி சட்டமன்ற தொகுதி) is one of the 234 state legislative assembly constituencies in Tamil Nadu in southern India. It is also one of the six state legislative assembly constituencies included in Thoothukkudi Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the oldest assembly segments in Tamil Nadu, being in existence since independence. This constituency has had VVPAT facilities with EVMs since the 2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election.
Surayya Tyabji
Surayya Tyabji (1919–1978) was an Indian artist who designed the current Indian national flag by adding the Ashoka Chakra from the Lion Capital of Ashoka, replacing the Charkha on the 1931 flag of the Indian National Congress.

Spinning wheel
A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from fibres. It was fundamental to the textile industry prior to the Industrial Revolution. It laid the foundations for later machinery such as the spinning jenny and spinning frame, which displaced the spinning wheel during the Industrial Revolution.
Laporje, Slovenska Bistrica
Laporje (pronounced [ˈlaːpɔɾjɛ]) is a village in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region. The village includes the hamlets of Laporska Gorca to the southeast and Turnše to the southwest.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
Donald Allen
Donald Merriam Allen (Muscatine, Iowa, March 26, 1912 – San Francisco, California, August 29, 2004) was an American editor, publisher and translator of literary works. He is best known for editing the popular anthology of post-WWII avant-garde American poems, The New American Poetry 1945-1960.

Aaron Shurin
Aaron Shurin (born 1947) is an American poet, essayist, and educator. He is the former director of the Master of Fine Arts in Writing Program at the University of San Francisco, where he is now Professor Emeritus.
Scout X
Scout X, also known as Cub Scout, was an American rocket which served as a prototype of the Scout, which was launched on a single test flight in 1960. It was used to test the configuration that later Scout rockets would use as well as two of the solid rocket motors that would be used on them.

The Scout X had the same configuration as the Scout X-1, which would be the first all-up version of the Scout. Unlike the X-1, which had four live stages, the Scout X only had live first and third stages, with battleship mockups of the second and fourth.

It was launched from Launch Area 3 at the Wallops Flight Facility at 23:09 GMT on 18 April 1960. The launch failed when the rocket disintegrated during stage separation.

Battleship (rocketry)
In rocketry, 'battleship' was a term used during the design of the Saturn V to refer to a heavy duty rocket stage which was used to test configuration and integration of a launch vehicle.

The term was used in contrast to the boilerplate nickname, which refers to a non-functional mock-up used to test spacecraft.

A battleship is functional, but simpler, cheaper and heavier than the operational version.  Thus, it functions but does not achieve the same performance (such as thrust-to-weight ratio) as the operational one.  In particular, propellant tanks and major structural components were made of thicker, more rugged materials rather than being carefully thinned to save as much weight as possible.  This is done mainly to test the liquid engines operationally and the configuration of the propellant tank passively.
2015 World Table Tennis Championships
The 2015 World Table Tennis Championships were held in Suzhou from 26 April to 3 May 2015. The Championship was staged in China for the fifth time and was the 53rd edition of the individual competition. The decision was announced by ITTF in March 2012. Suzhou became the first Chinese host city at prefecture level which had accumulated sufficient experience by hosting three China Open tournaments from 2009 through 2011.

International Table Tennis Federation
The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is the governing body for national table tennis associations that use ITTF-approved sponge table tennis rackets. The federation oversees rules and regulations, seeks technological improvement for the sport, and organizes numerous international competitions, including the World Table Tennis Championships.