hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yeast flocculation
Yeast flocculation typically refers to the reversible clumping together (flocculation) of brewing yeast once the sugar in a wort has been fermented into beer. In the case of "top-fermenting" ale yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the yeast creates a krausen, or barm on the top of the liquid, unlike "bottom-fermenting" lager yeast (Saccharomyces pastorianus) where the yeast falls to the bottom of the brewing vessel.

Saccharomyces pastorianus
Saccharomyces pastorianus is a yeast used industrially for the production of lager beer, and was named in honour of Louis Pasteur by the German Max Reess in 1870. This yeast's  complicated genome appears to be the result of hybridisation between two pure species in the Saccharomyces species complex, a factor that led to difficulty in establishing a proper taxonomy of the species.

The now-defunct synonym Saccharomyces carlsbergensis was and continues to be used in scientific literature, but is invalid, as the name Saccharomyces pastorianus (Reess 1870) has taxonomic precedence. The name S. carlsbergensis is typically attributed to Emil Christian Hansen from the era when he worked for the Danish brewery Carlsberg in 1883, but in actuality it was not officially described by Hansen as a distinct species until 1908, along with another synonym, Saccharomyces monacensis. The type strains of both synonyms are currently stored in yeast banks under the taxonomic name S. pastorianus.
Wang Rui (table tennis)
Wang Rui (born 29 August 1993) is a Chinese former para table tennis player who competed at international table tennis competitions. She is a Paralympic champion, World champion, three-time Asian Para Games champion and four-time Asian champion in both singles and teams events.

Table tennis at the Summer Paralympics
Paralympic table tennis has been competed at every Summer Paralympic Games since they were first held in 1960. Men and women compete in singles and team events in ten different classes according to the extent of their disability. Table tennis made its debut at the Summer Olympic Games in 1988.
John Davies (rugby union, born 1897)
John Henry Davies (22 December 1897 – 10 May 1929) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

A forward from Aberavon RFC, Davies was described as "one of the discoveries of the season" by the Western Mail in 1923, the same year he received his solitary Wales cap. He was a late call up for Wales when several players declared themselves unavailable to make the trip to Dublin and was utilised in the back row.

Davies worked as a furnace man and spent a brief period at a steel works in the United States. He went missing on the evening of 9 May 1929 after leaving his home in Neath Port Talbot to go for a walk. A search party found Davies' hat floating in the Ynysgwas Reservoir and his body was subsequently recovered by a diver. His death was ruled a drowning by the coroner, who determined Davies had likely dived in on account of a foot impression on the edge of the reservoir.

Aberavon RFC
Aberavon Rugby Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Aberafan) is a rugby union club located in the Welsh town of Port Talbot, though the club's name refers to the older settlement of Aberavon which lies on the western side of the town.

The club was founded in 1876 as Afan Football Club, and changed names several times before settling on Aberavon Rugby Football Club. They joined the Welsh Rugby Union in 1887.
Dick Brennan (hurler)
Richard Brennan (1886 - 7 March 1963) was an Irish hurler whose championship career with the Kilkenny senior team spanned nine years from 1904 to 1913.

Born in Kilkenny, Brennan first played competitive hurling in his youth. He quickly became involved with the Erin's Own club, eventually becoming a key member of the senior team.

Brennan made his debut on the inter-county scene when he was picked on the Kilkenny senior team for the first time in 1904. He won his first All-Ireland medal that year, however, he was later dropped from the starting team. Brennan remained on the panel during Kilkenny's first great era and was recalled to the team in 1913. He won a second All-Ireland medal that year, while he also won two Leinster medals.

1913 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1913 was the 27th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Kilkenny won the championship, beating Tipperary 2–4 to 1–2 in the final.
Ge with stroke and caron
Ge with stroke and caron (Ғ̌ ғ̌ italics: Ғ̌ ғ̌) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is used in the Shughni language and Yazghulami language, where it represents the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/ (like the French r in rouge).

It is related to, but not the same as, a normal Ge (Г).

Voiced uvular fricative
A voiced uvular fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʁ⟩, an inverted small uppercase letter ⟨ʀ⟩, or in broad transcription ⟨r⟩ if rhotic. This consonant is one of the several collectively called guttural R when found in European languages.

A voiced uvular approximant is also found interchangeably with the fricative, and may also be transcribed as ⟨ʁ⟩. Because the IPA symbol stands for the uvular fricative, the approximant may be specified by adding the downtack: ⟨ʁ̞⟩, though some writings use a superscript ⟨ʶ⟩, which is not an official IPA practice.

For a voiced pre-uvular fricative (also called post-velar), see voiced velar fricative.
Grégory Gabella
Grégory Gabella (born 22 June 1980 in Thonon-les-Bains) is a French high jumper.

He won the silver medal at the 1999 European Junior Championships, finished fifth at the 2001 European U23 Championships, won a joint bronze medal at the 2001 Mediterranean Games, finished ninth at the 2002 European Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2005 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 1998 World Junior Championships without reaching the final.

Gabella became French champion in 2004 and 2005 and French indoor champion in 2002 and 2003. His personal best was 2.30 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Annecy.

Thonon-les-Bains
Thonon-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [tɔnɔ̃ le bɛ̃]; Savoyard: Tonon; Italian: Tonone; lit. 'Thonon-the-Baths'), or simply Thonon,  is a subprefecture of the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Thonon-les-Bains is part of a transborder metropolitan area known as Grand Genève. It is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman, or simply Le Léman).
Cord Widderich
Cord Widderich (alternative spelling: Kort Wiederich) (died  1447) was a pirate active during political conflicts between Dithmarschen and North Frisia in the early fifteenth century. He lived during the times of Klaus Störtebeker and the Victual Brothers, but was not part of their movement.

Holstein
Holstein (/ˈhoʊlstaɪn/; German: [ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Holsteen; Danish: Holsten; Latin: Holsatia) is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is the southern half of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany.

Holstein once existed as the German County of Holstein (German: Grafschaft Holstein; 811–1474), the later Duchy of Holstein (German: Herzogtum Holstein; 1474–1866), and was the northernmost territory of the Holy Roman Empire. The history of Holstein is closely intertwined with the history of the Danish Duchy of Schleswig (Danish: Slesvig). The capital of Holstein is Kiel.

Holstein's name comes from the Holcetae, a Saxon tribe mentioned by Adam of Bremen as living on the north bank of the Elbe, to the west of Hamburg. The name means "dwellers in the wood" or "hill-sitters" (Northern Low Saxon: Hol(t)saten; German: Holzsassen).
Chou Chia-chi
Chou Chia-chi (Chinese: 周佳琦; pinyin: Zhōu Jiāqí; Wade–Giles: Chou Chia-ch'i; born 21 August 1983) is a Taiwanese badminton player. Chou was part of the Taiwan national women's team that won the bronze medal at the 2006 Uber Cup in Japan. At the same year she participated at the Asian Games in Doha, Qatar. She competed at the 2007 World Championships in the women's doubles event partnered with Ku Pei-ting, and finished in the quarterfinals round. In 2008, she won double title in the women's and mixed doubles event at the New Zealand Open.

2006 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 2006 Thomas & Uber Cup was held from 28 April to 7 May in Sendai and Tokyo, Japan. It was the 24th tournament of Thomas Cup and 21st tournament of Uber Cup, men's and women's badminton tournaments.

Sendai hosted all of the group stage and play-off matches while Tokyo hosted the event starting from the quarter-finals until the final.

This was first time the Thomas & Uber Cup was played with a three-game 21-point scoring system.

China emerged as champions of both tournaments after beating Denmark and Netherlands in the men's and women's competitions respectively.
James P. Berkeley
James Phillips Berkeley (July 1, 1907 – February 13, 1995) was an officer of the United States Marine Corps who attained the rank of lieutenant general. He is most noted as Signal Officer of 5th Marine Division during the Battle of Iwo Jima and later as commanding general of Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic. He was the son of Medal of Honor recipient, Major General Randolph C. Berkeley.

United States Army Signal Corps
The United States Army Signal Corps (USASC) is a branch of the United States Army responsible for creating and managing communications and information systems for the command and control of combined arms forces. It manages new technologies and portfolios that are eventually transferred to other U.S. government entities; such responsibilities include military intelligence, weather forecasting, and aviation.
Crime in Sweden
Crime in Sweden is defined by the Swedish Penal Code (Swedish: brottsbalken) and in other Swedish laws and statutory instruments.

According to the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå), the number of reported crimes in Sweden has increased when measured from the 1950s, consistent with other Western countries in the postwar era, which they say can be explained by a number of factors, such as statistical and legislative changes and increased public willingness to report crime.

Swedish Prison and Probation Service
Swedish Prison and Probation Service (Swedish: Kriminalvården) is a  Government agency that is part of the Swedish judicial system, tasked with incarcerating suspects during pre-trial and trial and convicts after sentencing. The Main Office of the agency is located in Norrköping.

The agency also handles deportations of individuals not allowed in the country. Due to the increase in Swedish prison populations, the agency announced it would consider sending incarcerated individuals to other countries as it aims to increase the number of prison spaces from 9,000 to 27,000 by 2033.
Sweet and Low (Deborah Harry song)
"Sweet and Low" is a song by American singer Debbie Harry, released as the fourth single from her third solo studio album, Def, Dumb & Blonde (1989). In the UK, it peaked at number 57. "Sweet and Low" also reached number 17 on the US Dance Club Songs chart. In Australia, "Sweet and Low" was the second single released from the album, and was issued as a double A-side with "Kiss It Better", and peaked at number 30. The single version of "Sweet and Low" was remixed by Phil Harding and was later included on Chrysalis Records/EMI's 1999 compilation Most of All: The Best of Deborah Harry. The accompanying music video was directed by designer Stephen Sprouse.

Stephen Sprouse
Stephen Sprouse (September 12, 1953 – March 4, 2004) was an American fashion designer and artist. He is credited with pioneering the 1980s mix of "uptown sophistication in clothing with a downtown punk and pop sensibility".

Sprouse received the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) award for Best New Designer in 1984. The following year he filed for bankruptcy. Sprouse struggled to maintain his label after making another investment and seeing some success. He continued throughout the 1980s and 1990s, working with such luminaries as Andy Warhol and Keith Haring. In 2000, he collaborated with Marc Jacobs to produce designs for Louis Vuitton.
DDX27
DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 27, also known as DDX27, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), and are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein, the function of which has not been determined.

Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.
Protea Hotels by Marriott
Protea Hotels by Marriott is  a South African hotel and leisure company headquartered in Cape Town, South Africa. As of December 31, 2018, it was the largest hotel company on the African continent, with 80 properties in ten countries with 50 rooms in addition to 14 hotels with 2,498 rooms in the pipeline. The company was named for the flowering plant Protea, which is unique to South Africa, and its logo features a representation of the flower.

Protea
Protea (/ˈproʊtiːə/) is a genus of South African flowering plants, also called sugarbushes (Afrikaans: suikerbos). It is the type genus of the Proteaceae family.

About 92% of the species occur only in the Cape Floristic Region, a narrow belt of mountainous coastal land from Clanwilliam to Grahamstown, South Africa. Most protea species are found south of the Limpopo River. Protea madiensis grows in Afromontane enclaves across tropical Africa, from Guinea to Sudan, Mozambique, and Angola. Protea afra ranges from the Cape region to Uganda and Kenya, including in the chaparral zone of Mount Kenya National Park. The extraordinary richness and diversity of species characteristic of the Cape flora are thought to be caused in part by the diverse landscape, where populations can become isolated from each other and in time develop into separate species.
Deaths in January 2026
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2026.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic
The Chamber of Deputies, officially the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic (Czech: Poslanecká sněmovna Parlamentu České republiky, PS PČR), is the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The chamber has 200 seats and deputies are elected for four-year terms using the party-list proportional representation system with the Imperiali and Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas. Since 2002, there have been 14 constituencies, matching the Czech regions, with district size varying from 8 to 26 representatives. A Cabinet is answerable to the Chamber of Deputies and the Prime Minister stays in office only as long as they retain the support of a majority of its members. The quorum is set by law to one third (67) of elected deputies. Any changes to the constitutional laws must be approved by at least 60 percent of the Chamber of Deputies. The seat of the Chamber of Deputies is the Thun Palace in Malá Strana, Prague.
Longnose darter
The longnose darter (Percina nasuta)  is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the United States.

Percidae
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 species in 12 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.

Despite the widespread and speciose nature of this family, the vast majority of its species diversity is within the darters, which are restricted to eastern North America, and the majority of which have small ranges. Excluding the darters, this family contains only 20 species. In Europe, percids were likely a more ecologically dominant group in the past than now, with the immigration of cyprinids to Europe during the Miocene causing a decline in their importance.
Inquiry-based learning
Inquiry-based learning (also spelled as enquiry-based learning in British English) is a form of active learning that starts by posing questions, problems or scenarios. It contrasts with traditional education, which generally relies on the teacher presenting facts and their knowledge about the subject. Inquiry-based learning is often assisted by a facilitator rather than a lecturer. Inquirers will identify and research issues and questions to develop knowledge or solutions. Inquiry-based learning includes problem-based learning, and is generally used in small-scale investigations and projects, as well as research. The inquiry-based instruction is principally very closely related to the development and practice of thinking and problem-solving skills.

Facilitator
A facilitator is a person who helps a group of people to work together better, understand their common objectives, and plan how to achieve these objectives, during meetings or discussions. In doing so, the facilitator remains "neutral", meaning they do not take a particular position in the discussion. Some facilitator tools will try to assist the group in achieving a consensus on any disagreements that preexist or emerge in the meeting so that it has a solid basis for future action.
Davao de Oro's 1st congressional district
Davao de Oro's 1st congressional district is a congressional district for the House of Representatives of the Philippines in the province of Davao de Oro, formerly Compostela Valley. It was created ahead of the 1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections by Republic Act No. 8470 that established the province initially named Compostela Valley. The district encompasses most of the area of its namesake valley in the Mindanao Pacific Cordillera which were formerly within Davao del Norte's 1st district. It currently comprises the municipalities of Compostela, Maragusan, Monkayo, Montevista and New Bataan. It is currently represented in the 19th Congress by Maricar Zamora of the Lakas–CMD.

Compostela, Davao de Oro
Compostela, officially the Municipality of Compostela (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Compostela; Tagalog: Bayan ng Compostela), is a municipality in the province of Davao de Oro, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 89,884 people.
In the Mood: The Love Songs
In the Mood: The Love Songs is a two-disc compilation album from the group Alabama. It was released in 2003. The album includes the newly recorded tracks "I'm in the Mood" and "The Living Years" (a cover of Mike + The Mechanics). Don Cook and Alabama produced these new tracks, while the other tracks have various original producers.

Randy Owen
Randy Yeuell Owen (born December 13, 1949) is an American country musician. He is best known for his role as the lead singer of Alabama, a country music band that saw commercial success throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Alabama became the most successful band in country music, releasing over 20 gold and platinum records, dozens of number 1 singles, and selling over 75 million records during their career. Owen also maintains a career as a solo performer. He released his solo debut One on One in late 2008 and charted two singles from it.

Owen was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2005 and the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2019, both as a member of Alabama.
Effigia
Effigia is an extinct genus of shuvosaurid known from the Late Triassic of New Mexico, south-western USA. With a bipedal stance, long neck, and a toothless beaked skull, Effigia and other shuvosaurids bore a resemblance to the ornithomimid dinosaurs of the Cretaceous Period. However, shuvosaurids were not dinosaurs, but were instead a specialized family of poposauroid pseudosuchians, meaning that their closest living relatives are crocodilians.

Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between 237 Ma and 201.4 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian ages.

Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including Plateosaurus, Coelophysis, Herrerasaurus, and Eoraptor. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and  is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth.
Survivor România All Stars
Survivor România: All Stars, is the fifth season of Romanian Survivor which aired on Pro TV and Voyo. For the first time, the season features 20 returning contestants from the four previous seasons. The twenty contestants were initially divided into two tribes based on their prior reputation in their previous seasons, Faimoșii and Războinicii.

The season premiered on 16 January 2024 and concluded on 30 May 2024, where Edmond Zannidache became the first two-time Survivor România winner, defeating Iancu Sterp.  Daniel Pavel returned as host.

Voyo
Voyo is a Czech subscription video on demand service owned by Central European Media Enterprises (CME). Originally launched in the Czech Republic in 2011 as a free archive of programs produced by every national television channel owned by CME and a platform for live broadcasting of original programming and sports broadcasts, the service expanded through Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia.

The service gradually transformed into a paid service modeled after the American Netflix. The range of available programs is regularly changed; according to the operator, there are more than 2,000 movies and series. The service also provides live broadcasts of sports channels. On the portal, it is also possible to watch films, series and programs a day or a week earlier than their television broadcast.