hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Purchasing (magazine)
Purchasing magazine (ISSN 0033-4448) was a trade publication serving the information needs of purchasing professionals. A companion web site included most of the editorial content of issues from January 1998 through the current issue, plus current information not found in the magazine. Both were owned by Reed Business Information.

The last editor-in-chief was Paul Teague, with the editorial offices located in Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.

Established in 1915, Purchasing magazine was published 12 times per year.

Common articles discussed procurement, strategic sourcing, manufacturing, logistics, and other supply chain related topics.

As of December 2006, total BPA audited circulation was 92,724 subscribers.

Effective April 2010, Purchasing Magazine stopped publication.

BPA Worldwide
BPA Worldwide is a United States–based not-for-profit media auditing company that provides independent, third-party audits of media including print, digital, out-of-home and events.

In early 2023, BPA merged with the Alliance for Audited Media (AAM), to create the largest not-for-profit media auditing organization.

AAM independently verifies print and digital circulation, website analytics, social media, technology platforms, and audience information for newspapers, magazines and digital media companies in the U.S. and Canada. In the digital advertising space, AAM is a provider of technology certification audits to industry standards established by the Interactive Advertising Bureau, Media Rating Council, Trustworthy Accountability Group (TAG), and the Mobile Marketing Association.
Battle of Centane
The battle of Centane, also the battle of Kentani or the battle of Quintana, was fought on 7 February 1878 near Kentani ("Centane") in South Africa's Cape Province during the Ninth Xhosa War between 1877 and 1879. A Xhosa forces, composed of Gcalaka and Rharhabe warriors, attacked a British camp in the Centane Mountains and suffered a severe defeat.

Gcaleka kaPhalo
King Gcaleka Ka-Phalo (c. 1728 -1779) was the King of AmaXhosa Nation from 1755 to 1779. The third son of King Phalo kaTshiwo, he became King of the AmaXhosa Nation in 1755 right after his father died. King Gcaleka Ka-Phalo had 3 known sons, King Khawuta kaGcaleka (1761), Prince Velelo kaGcaleka and Prince Nqoko kaGcaleka.

King Gcaleka Ka-Phalo faced tried to usurp his father's rule and interclan war broke out resulting in the Xhosa nation to split into two major sub-groups: the Ama-Xhosa of Rarabe and Ama-Xhosa of Gcaleka. To this day the Ama-Gcaleka-Lineage is recognised as the Royal house of the Ama-Xhosa nation.

King Gcaleka ka-Phalo he was succeeded by King Khawuta ka-Gcaleka.

Other sources state he became King in 1750 and died in 1778.
Arnold Waites
Arnold Waites (October 20, 1914 – August 24, 1963) was an American Negro league baseball pitcher who played in the 1930s.

A native of Bastrop County, Texas, Waites made his Negro leagues debut in 1935 with the Philadelphia Stars. He went on to play for the Homestead Grays the following season, and finished his career in 1937 with the Grays and the Washington Elite Giants. Waites died in Nashville, Tennessee in 1963 at age 48.

Bastrop County, Texas
Bastrop County is located in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in Central Texas and its county seat is Bastrop. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,216. Bastrop County is included in the Austin–Round Rock, Texas, metropolitan statistical area.
Waldschmidt
Waldschmidt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Waldschmidt (born 1958), German sociologist and professor at the University of Cologne.

Britta Waldschmidt-Nelson (born 1965), German Associate Professor of American History and Culture

Ernst Waldschmidt (1897, Lünen – 1985, Göttingen), German orientalist

Henkie (Henki) Waldschmidt (born 1988, Den Haag), Dutch racing driver

Luca Waldschmidt (born 1996), German footballer

Michel Waldschmidt (born 1946), French mathematician

Paul E. Waldschmidt (1920–1994), American Roman Catholic bishop

Stephen Waldschmidt, American-Canadian actor

Waldschmidt Hall (originally: West Hall), an academic building at the University of Portland in Portland, Oregon

Anne Waldschmidt
Anne Waldschmidt (born 1958) is a German sociologist. She is a professor at the University of Cologne and teaches disability studies and sociology and politics of rehabilitation. She holds the first university position for disability studies in German-speaking countries.
Dionísio Castro
Dionísio Silva Castro (born 22 November 1963 in Fermentões-Guimarães) is a former long-distance runner from Portugal, best known for setting the world record in the 20,000 metres on 31 March 1990, when he clocked 57:18.4 in La Flèche. Castro continued for another 943 metres in an attempt to break Jos Hermens' world record for the one-hour run as well, but missed out by one metre.
He competed for the Portuguese club Sporting Clube de Portugal.

His twin brother Domingos was also a world class athlete in the long distance events. The two of them represented their native country at the 1988 (Seoul, South Korea) and 1992 Summer Olympics (Barcelona, Spain).

One hour run
The one hour run is an athletics event in which competitors try to cover as much distance as possible within one hour. While officially recognized by World Athletics as a track event, it is rarely contested apart from occasional world record attempts.

The event has a long history, with first recorded races dating back to the late 17th century.
The first athlete to run more than 20 kilometers in one hour was Emil Zátopek, in September 1951. Zátopek also set the 20,000 metres world record in the same race. Since that time, most men's 20,000 m world records were also set en route to one hour world records.

The men's world record is 21,330 metres (13.25 mi), set by Mo Farah, while the women's world record is 18,930 metres (11.76 mi), set by Sifan Hassan.  Both were set on 4 September 2020 during the 2020 Diamond League Ivo Van Damme Memorial.
Gymnastics at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's synchronized trampoline
The men's synchronized competition of the trampoline gymnastics events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 3 and 4, at the Training Center for Collective Sport in the National Stadium cluster in Santiago, Chile.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
Twelve Hours of Happiness
Twelve Hours of Happiness (French: Douze heures de bonheur) is a 1952 French romantic comedy drama film directed by Gilles Grangier and starring Dany Robin,  Georges Marchal and Jean Tissier. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Clavel. It is also known by the alternative title Jupiter.

Gilles Grangier
Gilles Grangier (5 May 1911 – 27 April 1996) was a French film director and screenwriter. He directed more than 50 films and several TV series between 1943 and 1985. His film Archimède le clochard was entered into the 9th Berlin International Film Festival, where Jean Gabin won the Silver Bear for Best Actor. He had the most number of successful films at the French box office between 1945 and 2001 with 42 of his films having admissions of 500,000 or more, more than any other.
Paul, Cape Verde
Paul is a concelho (municipality) of Cape Verde. Situated in the northeastern part of the island of Santo Antão, it covers 7% of the island area (54.3 km2), and is home to 16% of its population (6,997 at the 2010 census). Its seat is the town Pombas.

Santo Antão, Cape Verde
Santo Antão (Portuguese for "Saint Anthony") is the northwesternmost island of Cape Verde. At 785 km2 (303 sq mi), it is the largest of the Barlavento Islands group, and the second largest island of Cape Verde.: 25  The nearest island is São Vicente to the southeast, separated by the sea channel Canal de São Vicente. Its population was 38,200 in mid 2019, making it the fourth most populous island of Cape Verde after Santiago, São Vicente and Sal. Its largest city is Porto Novo located on the southern coast (population 9,310 in 2010).
JSON Meta Application Protocol
The JSON Meta Application Protocol (JMAP) is a set of related open Internet Standard protocols for handling email. JMAP is implemented using JSON APIs over HTTP and has been developed as an alternative to IMAP and proprietary email APIs such as Google's Gmail and Microsoft's MAPI (used by Outlook).
Additional protocols and data models being built on top of the core of JMAP for handling contacts and calendar synchronization are meant to be potential replacements for CardDAV and CalDAV, and other support is currently in the works.

CalDAV
Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV, or CalDAV, is an Internet standard allowing a client to access and manage calendar data along with the ability to schedule meetings with users on the same or on remote servers. It lets multiple users in different locations share, search and synchronize calendar data. It extends the WebDAV (HTTP-based protocol for data manipulation) specification and uses the iCalendar format for the calendar data. The access protocol is defined by RFC 4791. Extensions to CalDAV for scheduling are standardized as RFC 6638. The protocol is used by many important open-source applications.
Allium oreophilum
Allium oreophilum, the pink lily leek, is a species of monocot plant in the Amaryllidaceae family native to an area extending from Western China to Turkey and the Caucasus.

Allium oreophilum produces one spherical bulb up to 2 cm (2⁄3 in) in diameter. The scape is short for the genus, rarely more than 20 cm (8 in) tall. The leaves are flat, narrow and longer than the scape. The umbel is a loose dome with 10–15 pink or red flowers in late spring and early summer.

The plant is hardy but requires a sheltered position in full sun, with fertile soil.

Scape (botany)
In botany, a scape is a peduncle arising from a subterranean or very compressed stem, with the lower internodes very long and hence few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle. Typically it takes the form of a long, leafless flowering stem rising directly from a bulb, rhizome, or similar subterranean or underwater structure.

The scapes of scallions, chives, garlic chives, and garlic are used as vegetables.
Sheregesh
Sheregesh (Russian: Шерегеш, Shor: Шерегеш, romanized: Şeregeş) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Tashtagolsky District of Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Population:  10,173 (2010 Census); 10,371 (2002 Census); 9,553 (1989 Soviet census). Postal code: 652971. The main ethnic groups are Russians and Shors.

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.
Château Kirwan
45°01′39″N 0°39′29″W﻿ / ﻿45.02742°N 0.65816°W﻿ / 45.02742; -0.65816

Château Kirwan is a winery in the Margaux appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. The wine produced here was classified as one of fourteen Troisièmes Crus (Third Growths) in the historic Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.

Its second wine is Les Charmes de Kirwan. From 2023, Château Kirwan will also produce a white wine known as Château Kirwan Margalais. Unusually for a white wine produced in Bordeaux, the Margalais shall be produced using 100% Chardonnay grapes.

Margaux
Margaux (French pronunciation: [maʁɡo]; Gascon: Margaus) is a former commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Margaux-Cantenac.
Baastad
Baastad is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Babbis Friis-Baastad (1921–1970), Norwegian children's writer

Einar Friis Baastad (1890–1968), Norwegian football player

Helge Leiro Baastad (born 1960), Norwegian businessperson

Lena Rådström Baastad (born 1974), Swedish politician

Einar Friis Baastad
Einar Friis Baastad (8 May 1890 – 1 September 1974) was a Norwegian football player. He was born in Kristiania. He played for the Norwegian national team, and competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. He was Norwegian champion with the club Mercantile in 1907 and 1912.
Tami Taylor
Tami Taylor is a fictional character on the NBC/DirecTV (The 101 Network) drama Friday Night Lights; played by Connie Britton. She is the wife of the show's main character, high school football coach Eric Taylor.

Audience (TV network)
Audience Network (formerly known as Freeview from 1999 until 2005, and as The 101 Network from 2005 until 2011) was an American pay television channel owned by AT&T. It featured a mix of original and acquired series, specials, and feature films. The network operated as a commercial-free service and broadcast its programming without editing for content. It was originally exclusive to DirecTV, though it was also added to AT&T U-verse after AT&T's 2015 acquisition of DirecTV. It was also made available on later AT&T streaming efforts, including AT&T TV and AT&T Watch TV, a lower-cost option available to AT&T Mobility customers. As of 2019, the channel had a subscription base of 26 million. The channel closed on May 22, 2020.
Dosem
Marc Ramirez (born 28 November 1988), better known as Dosem, is a Spanish record producer and DJ, from Girona, Catalonia. His sets consist of variants of techno and deep house.

After opening for Hong Kong–based DJ Technasia at an event in Barcelona, Dosem with his record label Sino in 2008, releasing the singles "Silent Drop" and "Bension01" in 2009 and 2010, followed by his critically acclaimed album Parallel in 2011. Dosem has regarded the following as some of his preferred equipment: Maschine from NI, Monark, Driver, Guitar Rig, Replika XT, Omnisphere, Spire, M1, Arturia Jupiter-8, Fabfilter Pro- L, UAD Massive Passive, Bax EQ, Moog Multimode Filter, Fairchild 660/670.

In September 2020, Dosem released the album Dream Decoder, much of which was composed during a visit to Tokyo. "Tower" was the first single release from the album.

Girona
Girona, also known as Gerona, is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 106,476 in 2024, but the population of the Girona–Salt urban area is estimated to be about 156,400 (2020). Girona is also capital of the comarca of the Gironès and the vegueria of Girona. Since much of the old quarter of this ancient city has been preserved, Girona is a popular tourist destination. The city is located 99 km (62 mi) northeast of Barcelona.
Cliffortia
Cliffortia, or Caperose is a genus of plants that has been assigned to the rose family, with currently 132 known species. Its species can be found in southern Africa, particularly in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) where 124 of the species can be found, 109 of which are endemic to the CFR. Most species are ericoid shrubs, some small trees up to 5 m (161⁄2 ft) high, others more or less herbaceous groundcover. All are wind pollinated and have separate male and female flowers in the axils of the leaves, mostly individually, sometimes grouped, which may be on the same plant or on separate plants.

Anemophily
Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind. Almost all gymnosperms are anemophilous, as are many plants in the order Poales, including grasses, sedges, and rushes. Other common anemophilous plants are oaks, pecans, pistachios, sweet chestnuts, alders, hops, and members of the family Juglandaceae (hickory or walnut family). Approximately 12% of plants across the globe are pollinated by anemophily, including cereal crops like rice and corn and other prominent crop plants like wheat, rye, barley, and oats. In addition, many pines, spruces, and firs are wind-pollinated.
Kerttu
Kerttu is a Finnish woman's name. It is the Finnish form of Gertrude. Notable people with this name include:

Kerttu Karresmaa (born 2004), Finnish footballer

Kerttu Kauniskangas (1920–1998), Finnish author

Kerttu Niskanen (born 1988), Finnish cross-country skier

Kerttu Nuorteva (1912–1963), Soviet WW2 spy

Kerttu Nurminen (born 1943), Finnish designer and glass artist

Kerttu Pehkonen (1928–2018), Finnish cross-country skier

Kerttu Rytkönen (1895–1991), Finnish architect

Kerttu Saalasti (1907–1995), Finnish politician

Kerttu Tamminen (1898–1981) Finnish architect

Kerttu Vuolab (born 1951), Finnish Sámi author and illustrator

Kerttu-Kaarina Suosalmi (1921–2001), Finnish author

Gertrude (given name)
Gertrude (also spelled Gertrud) is a feminine given name which is derived from Germanic roots that meant "spear" and "strength". "Trudy", originally a diminutive of "Gertrude", has developed into a name in its own right.

In German-speaking countries, Gertraud (pronounced Ger-trowt) is a familiar variation of the name.

"Gartred" is a rare variation (attested in Daphne du Maurier's novel The King's General, set in 17th-century Cornwall, England).

"Gertruda" is a rare variation used in the Soviet Union as an abbreviation of Geroy truda (the Hero of Labour).
Véronique Boiry
Véronique Boiry is the pseudonym of Véronique Cau (born 1948), a French illustrator.

She was born in Toulon and studied at the École nationale supérieure des arts appliqués et des métiers d'art. Since 1972, she has been illustrating youth literature and magazines, especially those of Bayard Presse. She lives in Tournus.

She provided the illustrations for Je ne veux pas aller au tableau, text by Danielle Fossette, which received a Prix Sorcière in 1995.

Bayard Presse
Bayard Presse (French pronunciation: [bajaʁ pʁɛs]) is a French press and publishing companies, being founded in 1870. The company has various media outlets both in its native France and abroad. As of 2019, it reports approximately two thousand employees, two hundred magazines with five million subscribers, and eight million annual book sales.
Gabriel Pelletier
Gabriel Pelletier (born 1958 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian film and television director. He is best known for his 1996 film Karmina, for which he was a Genie Award nominee for Best Screenplay and Best Director at the 18th Genie Awards in 1997.

His other credits have included the films L'Automne sauvage, Life After Love (La Vie après l'amour), My Aunt Aline, Shadows of the Past, Karmina 2 and Fear of Water (La Peur de l'eau), and episodes of the television series War of the Worlds, Sirens, Emily of New Moon and The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne. He has also directed music videos for Luc de Larochellière, Richard Séguin, Pierre Flynn, Marie-Denise Pelletier, René Simard and Daniel Lavoie.

In 2014, he signed to direct a film adaptation of Robert Girardi's 1997 novel Vaporetto 13.

Sirens (1993 TV series)
Sirens is a Canadian-American crime drama series that aired on ABC in 1993, and then in syndication from 1994 to 1995. The show was filmed in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, standing in for Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where the show is set.
UPMC Western Maryland
UPMC Western Maryland is a hospital and health system located in Cumberland, Maryland, in Allegany County. The facility, which opened on November 21, 2009, is part of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) system as of February 3, 2020.  UPMC Western Maryland was originally established as a combination of Memorial Hospital (Cumberland) and Sacred Heart Hospital (Cumberland), both of which are now closed. It is sometimes confused with Western Maryland Hospital Center, a state-run rehabilitation hospital located in Hagerstown, Maryland.

Allegany County, Maryland
Allegany County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,106. Its county seat is Cumberland. The name Allegany may come from a local Lenape word, welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. A number of counties and a river in the Appalachian region of the U.S. are named Allegany, Allegheny, or Alleghany. Allegany County is part of the Western Maryland region of the state, and is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.
Château Petit-Village
44°55′27″N 0°12′02″W﻿ / ﻿44.9242°N 0.2005°W﻿ / 44.9242; -0.2005

Château Petit-Village is a Bordeaux wine from the appellation Pomerol. The winery is located on the Right Bank of the Bordeaux wine region, in the commune of Pomerol in the department Gironde. As all wine produced in this appellation, Château Petit-Village is unclassified, but the estate is estimated among the great growths of the region.

Placed on the eastern outskirts of Pomerol and the hamlet Catusseau, the estate lies in a cluster with Château Beauregard, Vieux Château Certan and Château La Conseillante.

The château also produces a second wine named Le Jardin de Petit-Village.

Bordeaux wine
Bordeaux wine (Occitan: vin de Bordèu; French: vin de Bordeaux) is produced in the Bordeaux region of southwest France, around the city of Bordeaux, on the Garonne River. To the north of the city, the Dordogne River joins the Garonne forming the broad estuary called the Gironde; the Gironde department, with a total vineyard area of 110,800 hectares, is the second largest wine-growing area in France behind the Languedoc-Rousillon.

Average vintages produce over 700 million bottles of wine, ranging from large quantities of daily table wine to some of the world's most expensive and prestigious wines. The vast majority of wine produced in Bordeaux is red (sometimes called "claret" in Britain), with sweet white wines (most notably Sauternes), dry whites, and (in much smaller quantities) rosé and sparkling wines (Crémant de Bordeaux) collectively making up the remainder. Bordeaux wine is made by more than 5,660 producers or châteaux. There are 65 appellations of Bordeaux wine.
Harare North
Harare North is a novel by the Zimbabwean author Brian Chikwava, 2004 winner of the Caine Prize for African Writing. The novel was published in London by Jonathan Cape in 2009. A French translation was published by Editions Zoe in 2011.

Caine Prize
The Caine Prize for African Writing is an annual literary award for the best short story by an African writer, whether in Africa or elsewhere, published in the English language. Founded in the United Kingdom in 2000, the £10,000 prize was named in memory of businessman and philanthropist Sir Michael Harris Caine, former chairman of Booker Group and of the Booker Prize management committee. The Caine Prize is sometimes referred to as the "African Booker". The Chair of the Board is Ellah Wakatama, appointed in 2019.

Between 2020 and 2022 it was styled as the AKO Caine Prize for African Writing due to a three-year grant from Nicolai Tangen's AKO Foundation.