hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Social spam
Social spam is unwanted spam content appearing on social networking services, social bookmarking sites, and any website with user-generated content (comments, chat, etc.). It can be manifested in many ways, including bulk messages, profanity, insults, hate speech, malicious links, fraudulent reviews, fake friends, and personally identifiable information.

Insult
An insult is an expression, statement, or behavior that is often deliberately disrespectful, offensive, scornful, or derogatory towards an individual or a group. 
Insults can be intentional or unintentional, and they often aim to belittle, offend, or humiliate the target. While insults may sometimes include factual information, such information is typically presented in a pejorative manner, intended to provoke a negative emotional response or to socially undermine or discredit the target. Insults can also be made unintentionally or in a playful way, but these can, in some cases, also have unintended negative impacts and effects.

Insults can have varying impacts, effects, and meanings depending on intent, use, recipient's understanding of the meaning, intent behind the action or words, and social setting and social norms, including cultural references and meanings.
Gairsay
Gairsay (Old Norse: Gáreksey) is a small island in Orkney, Scotland, located in the parish of Rendall, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) off the coast, astride one of the approaches to the bays of Firth and Kirkwall. It is about 2 miles (3.2 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) wide and includes one conical hill and a small harbour called Millburn Bay, which is sheltered by the peninsula known as the Hen of Gairsay.

Conical hill
A conical hill (also cone or conical mountain) is a landform with a distinctly conical shape. It is usually isolated or rises above other surrounding foothills, and is often of volcanic origin.

Conical hills or mountains occur in different shapes and are not necessarily geometrically-shaped cones; some are more tower-shaped or have an asymmetric curve on one side of the hill. Typically, however, they have a circular base and smooth sides with a gradient of up to 30°. Such conical mountains are found in all volcanically-formed areas of the world such as the Bohemian Central Uplands in the Czech Republic, the Rhön in Germany or the Massif Central in France.
Huayllatarpuna (mountain)
Huayllatarpuna (possibly from Quechua waylla meadow, tarpuy to sow, -na a suffix,  "where the meadow is sown") is a mountain in the Chila mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 metres (17,388 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, Chachas District. Huayllatarpuna lies in a remote, mountainous area east of Orcopampa. la primera ascencion fue realizada por Rolando Huamani Cueva en agosto del 2017.

Department of Arequipa
Arequipa (Quechua: Ariqipa) is a department of Peru. Located to the country's southwest, it is the sixth largest department in Peru, after Puno, Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto, its sixth most populous department, and its eleventh least densely populated department. It is bordered by the departments of Ica, Ayacucho, Apurímac and Cuzco to the north, Puno to the east, the Department of Moquegua to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital, also called Arequipa, is Peru's second-largest city.
Kalat Tehsil
Kalat, also spelled Qalat, is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Kalat District, located in central Balochistan, Pakistan. Covering approximately 3,788 square kilometres (1,463 sq mi), it is the largest tehsil in the district both in terms of area and population. According to the 2023 national census, the tehsil has a population of 167,405 residents, dispersed across 1,170 rural settlements. The tehsil's administrative offices are located in the town of Kalat, which also serves as the district headquarters and holds significant historical importance.

Situated at an elevation exceeding 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), the tehsil experiences a predominantly arid highland climate, with low and variable precipitation and pronounced seasonal temperature fluctuations.

Brahui language
Brahui (Brahui: [braːhʋiː, braːhu.iː], English: /bɹəˈhuːi/ brə-HOO-ee; Brahui: براہوئی; also romanised as Brahvi or Brohi) is a Dravidian language which is primarily spoken in central and southern parts of the Pakistani province of Balochistan, with smaller communities in Iranian Baluchestan, Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan (around Merv). Expatriate Brahui communities also exist in Iraq, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Brahui is geographically isolated from other Dravidian languages, with the nearest being over 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) away in South India. The Kalat, Khuzdar, Mastung, Quetta, Bolan, Nasirabad, Nushki, and Kharan districts of Balochistan Province are predominantly Brahui-speaking.

Brahui is the only Dravidian language that is primarily written in the Arabic script. It is also written in the Latin script.
Kalle Mikkonen
Kalle Mikkonen (born 18 June 1976 in Tampere) is a Finnish sprint canoer who has competed since the late 2000s. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, he competed in the K-2 500 m and K-2 1000 m events, but was eliminated in the semifinals of both events.

Mikkonen's wife, Jenni, is a sprint canoer who won a bronze medal in the K-2 200 m event at the 2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Szeged. Jenni also competed in two Summer Olympics for Finland.

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's K-2 1000 metres
The men's K-2 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22.  The K-2 event is raced in two-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top 3 in each of the two heats advances directly to the final, while the next four finishers (places 4 through 7) in each heat move on to the semifinals. The top three finishers in each of the two semifinals join the heats winners in the final.
Ilha do Algodão
Ilha do Algodão (Portuguese: [ˈiʎɐ dwawɡuˈdɐ̃w]) (transl. Cotton island) is an island 400 meters away from the historic village of Mambucaba, 6 km northeast of Angra Nuclear Power Plant, in the municipality of Angra dos Reis, southeast of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Mambucaba
The Historic village of Mambucaba is located in the 4th district of the municipality of Angra dos Reis, on the west coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 
In the former headquarters of the district of Mambucaba, currently recognized as historical village, are the districts of Parque Mambucaba (Perequê), Praia Vermelha, Residential village of Praia Brava and Boa Vista. 
Across the Mambucaba River, near the village, lies the Mambucaba Residential Village (formerly known as Parada Beach) and the Batanguera Beach (now known as Coqueiro or Morrinho).

The access to the village is by Rodovia Governador Mário Covas, also known as Rio-Santos highway.
Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 191
The 191st Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Delaware County and Philadelphia County and includes the following areas:

Delaware County
Yeadon (PART, Precincts 01, 04, 06, 07 and 09)

Philadelphia (PART)
Ward 03
Ward 40 [PART, Divisions 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 33, 34 and 47]
Ward 51 [PART, Divisions 01, 23, 25 and 27]
Ward 60 [PART, Divisions 07, 19 and 22]

It has been represented by Democrat Joanna McClinton since 2015, who has also served as the Speaker of the House of Representatives since 2023.

Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia County is the most populous of the 67 counties of Pennsylvania and the 24th-most populous county in the nation. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 1,603,797. It is coextensive with Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. The county is part of the Southeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

Philadelphia County is one of the three original counties, along with Chester and Bucks counties, founded by William Penn in November 1682. Since 1854, the county has been coextensive with the City of Philadelphia, which is also its county seat. Philadelphia County is the core county in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Combined Statistical Area (PA-NJ-DE-MD, located along the lower Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, within the Northeast megalopolis).

Philadelphia County is the Delaware Valley's economic and cultural anchor and the ninth-largest combined statistical area in the nation with an estimated population of 7,381,180 as of 2022.
Do You Believe? (film)
Do You Believe? is a 2015 American Christian drama film directed by Jon Gunn and stars an ensemble cast featuring Ted McGinley, Mira Sorvino, Andrea Logan White, Lee Majors, Alexa PenaVega, Sean Astin, Madison Pettis, Cybill Shepherd, and Brian Bosworth. The film is distributed by Pure Flix, who released it on March 20, 2015.

Ted McGinley
Theodore Martin McGinley (born May 30, 1958) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Jefferson D'Arcy on the television sitcom Married... with Children, Charley Shanowski on the ABC sitcom Hope & Faith, and Derek on the Apple TV+ comedy drama series Shrinking. He was a late regular on Happy Days, Dynasty and The Love Boat and is known for playing the villainous role of Stan Gable in the film Revenge of the Nerds and several made-for-television sequels.
Journal of Attention Disorders
The Journal of Attention Disorders is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of psychiatry and attention disorders. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The journal's editor is Michael Kofler (Florida State University). It was founded by Keith Conners (Duke University) and Sam Goldstein (University of Utah), has been in publication since 1996, and is currently published by SAGE Publications.

Committee on Publication Ethics
The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) is a nonprofit organization whose stated mission is to define best practice in the ethics of scholarly publishing and to assist editors and publishers to achieve this.
New York City Loft Board
The New York City Loft Board (Loft Board) is a quasi-legislative and judicial body of the New York City government that oversees the legal conversion of commercial and manufacturing spaces to residential use.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Albertsen
Albertsen is a Nordic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Albertsen, Danish football executive

Georg Albertsen (1889–1961), Danish gymnast

Heidi Albertsen (born 1976), Danish model

Johnny Albertsen (born 1977), Danish alpine skier

Martin Albertsen (born 1974), Danish handball coach

Pål Henning Albertsen, Norwegian football goalkeeper and coach

Per Hjort Albertsen, Norwegian composer

Roger Albertsen (1957–2003), Norwegian footballer

Tine Rustad Albertsen, Norwegian handball player

Ubbo J. Albertsen (1845–1926), American politician and businessman

Tine Rustad Albertsen
Tine Rustad Albertsen (née Kristiansen, born 12 February 1980) is a Norwegian handball player, who previously played for Larvik HK.

She made her debut on the Norwegian national team in 2005, and played 43 matches and scored 52 goals. Former club is Fjellhammer IL (Norway). She won the Women's EHF Cup Winners' Cup with the club Larvik HK in 2004/2005, and in 2007/2008.

In 2008 she was of the Norwegian team that won 2008 European Championship.
That's What It's Like to Be Lonesome
"That's What It's Like to Be Lonesome" is a song written and recorded by American country singer-songwriter Bill Anderson. It was released as a single in December 1958 via Decca Records and became a major hit. A similar version was released by American country artist Ray Price the same year via Columbia Records.

Ray Price
Noble Ray Price (January 12, 1926 – December 16, 2013) was an American country music singer, songwriter, and guitarist. His wide-ranging baritone is regarded as among the best male voices of country music, and his innovations, such as propelling the country beat from 2/4 to 4/4, known as the "Ray Price beat", helped make country music more popular.

Some of his well-known recordings include "Release Me", "Crazy Arms", "Heartaches by the Number", "For the Good Times", "Night Life", and "You're the Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me". He was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1996. He continued to record and tour into his 80s.
Sparks (Hilary Duff song)
"Sparks" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her fifth studio album, Breathe In. Breathe Out. (2015). It was written and produced by Christian "Bloodshy" Karlsson and Peter Thomas, with additional writing from Tove Lo and Sam Shrieve, and co-production from Svidden. The song was released on April 7, 2015, by RCA Records as the album's official leading single.

The music video was released on May 14, 2015, and features Duff on various Tinder dates. Less than a month later, Duff released a "Fan-Demanded" version video, which does not show the Tinder material and instead focuses more on Duff and her choreographed dancing to the song. "Sparks" experienced only moderate success on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at 93, but became her fourth top ten entry on the dance chart. It additionally charted in Australia and Canada.

Refinery29
Refinery29 (R29) is an American multinational digital media and entertainment website focused on young women. It is owned by Sundial Media Group. It has online editions running in the United States, Germany and France.
1913 South Dakota Coyotes football team
The 1913 South Dakota Coyotes football team represented the University of South Dakota as an independent during the 1913 college football season. Led by third-year head coach James Henderson, the Coyotes compiled a record of 3–3.

1913 college football season
The 1913 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Auburn, Chicago, and Harvard as having been selected national champions. All three teams finished with undefeated records. Chicago and Harvard officially claim national championships for the 1913 season.

Chicago was also the champion of the Western Conference, Missouri was champion of the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MVIAA), and Colorado won the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference.
Queen Wŏn'gyŏng
Queen Wŏn'gyŏng (Korean: 원경왕후 민씨; 6 August 1365 – 27 August 1420) of the Yeoheung Min clan, was the primary wife of King Taejong of Joseon, and the mother of Sejong the Great.

She was queen consort of Joseon from 1400, and was honored as Consort Chŏng (정비) until her husband became king emeritus in 1418 after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Hudŏk (후덕왕대비).

Yeosan Song clan
Yeosan Song clan (Korean: 여산 송씨; Hanja: 礪山 宋氏) is one of the oldest Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan was in Yeosan, present day Iksan, North Jeolla Province. According to the research in 2015, the number of Yeosan Song clan was 298, 231. Their founder was Song Yu-ik (송유익, 宋惟翊). He was a descendant of Song Ju-eun who is the ancestor of the main three Song clans since the Gojoseon days. He became Prince of Yeosan (Hanja: 礪山君) after his great-grandson, Song Song-rye (송송례, 宋松禮) (1207 - 1298), defeated the last military leader Im Yoo-mu (임유무, 林惟茂) (1248 - 1270), who lead the Mushin Government "무신정권" in the Goryeo days and was granted nobility by King Chungryeol of Goryeo. There are claims by Chinese scholars that Song Yu-ik was from the Ministry of Revenue during the Tang Dynasty but it seems only the names were the same but the founder of the clan and the mentioned are two different people as the time period does not match and the Yeosan Song chronicles does not mention anything.
Ͷ
Ͷ ͷ represents two different, little-used letters found in separate dialects of Ancient Greek, which took the same shape by coincidence:

Pamphylian digamma, used in Pamphylian Greek to represent /w/ in place of digamma ⟨Ϝ ϝ⟩, which was instead used for the novel phoneme /v/; it likely developed from Phoenician waw ⟨𐤅⟩ /w/

Tsan, used in the Arcadian Greek dialect of Mantineia, which probably represented the affricate /t͡s/ (likely pronounced [t͡s] or [t͡ʃ]), akin to Attic ⟨ττ⟩ /tt/ and Cypriot ⟨σσ⟩ /ss/; it likely developed from (or alongside) san ⟨Ϻ ϻ⟩ /s/, from Phoenician tsade ⟨𐤑⟩ /t͡s/

San (letter)
]........ΑΝ ΑΝΤΑΣ⁞ΧΑ.[
]....ΚΕΑΣ⁞ΑΝΓΑΡΙΟΣ[
]...ΑΥϜΙΟΣ⁞ΣΟΚΛΕΣ⁞[
].ΤΙΔΑΣ⁞ΑΜΥΝΤΑΣ[
]ΤΟΙ ΜΑΛΕϘΟ⁞ΚΑΙ.[

San (Ϻ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. Its shape can be described as a sigma (Σ) turned sideways. It was used as an alternative to sigma to denote the sound /s/. Unlike sigma, whose position in the alphabet is between rho and tau, san appeared between pi and koppa in alphabetic order. In addition to denoting the archaic character, the name "san" also came to be used for sigma itself.
Trachylepis
Trachylepis is a skink genus in the subfamily Mabuyinae found mainly in Africa. Its members were formerly included in the "wastebin taxon" Mabuya, and for some time in Euprepis. As defined today, Trachylepis contains the clade of Afro-Malagasy mabuyas. The genus also contains a species from the Brazilian island of Fernando de Noronha, T. atlantica, and may occur in mainland South America with Trachylepis tschudii and Trachylepis maculata, both poorly known and enigmatic. The ancestors of T. atlantica are believed to have rafted across the Atlantic from Africa during the last 9 million years.

The generic name Trachylepis literally means "rough-scaled", referring to the fact that most of the species, though superficially smooth-scaled, have three or more slight longitudinal keels on their dorsal scales.

Wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a waste-bin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by either their designated members' often superficial similarity to each other, or their lack of one or more distinct character states or by their not belonging to one or more other taxa. Wastebasket taxa are by definition either paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and are therefore not considered valid taxa under strict cladistic rules of taxonomy. The name of a wastebasket taxon may in some cases be retained as the designation of an evolutionary grade, however.
2020 Challenger Eckental
The 2020 Challenger Eckental was a professional tennis tournament played on carpet courts. It was the 24th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Eckental, Germany between 2 and 8 November 2020.

Dustin Brown (tennis)
Dustin Brown (born 8 December 1984), nicknamed "Dreddy", is a German-Jamaican former professional tennis player who rose to fame after beating Rafael Nadal at the Halle Open in 2014 and at Wimbledon in 2015. He was known for his technique, speed, and unorthodox playing style, often entertaining the crowd with trick shots.

Brown competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, in singles and doubles, having won 31 titles overall. He achieved his career-high singles ranking of No. 64 in October 2016 and his career-high doubles ranking of No. 43 in May 2012. Brown is one of only two players who are undefeated against Rafael Nadal after playing more than one match with him (the other being Àlex Corretja), holding a 2–0 head-to-head record.

Brown did not reach an ATP singles final, but made two semifinals at the 2016 Open Sud de France and the 2016 Swiss Open Gstaad. In doubles, he won two titles on the ATP Tour.
Paul Foster (bowls)
Paul James Foster MBE (born 13 March 1973) is a multiple world bowls champion from Scotland. He plays at Troon Portland (Outdoor) & Ambassador Prestwick (Indoor) bowling clubs. Foster has won four Commonwealth Games gold medals and 13 world indoor titles. Foster returned to number 1 in the world rankings in 2026.

2013 World Indoor Bowls Championship
The 2013 World Indoor Bowls Championship was held at Potters Leisure Resort, Hopton-on-Sea, Great Yarmouth, England, in January 2013.

The event was sponsored by Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines and was the 35th annual World Indoor Bowls Championships.
The men's singles title was won by Stewart Anderson, while the ladies singles was won by Rebecca Field.

The 2013 tournament saw the introduction of the shot clock, used for the first time at the World Championships. It was previously trialled at the 2012 Scottish International Open and has been used in Australia. Each player is allowed 30 seconds to play their shot, and if they run out of time, the hooter will sound and their bowl is removed. However, players can use up to four time-outs in a match - which resets the clock to 60 seconds - and are given an extra time-out if the match goes to a tie-break set.
Masný
Masný or Masny (feminine form Masná or Masna) is a Czech–Slovak (Masný/Masná) or Polish (Masny/Masna) surname. It is derived either from Czech maso or Slovak mäso for "meat" or from Old Polish masny, maśny (cf. the Polish adjective mięsny) with the meaning "meat-", "meaty", all originating from Proto-Slavic *męso ("meat"). People with this name include:

Karol Masny (1887–1968), Polish officer

Lenka Masná (born 1985), Czech runner

Magdalena Masny (born 1969), Polish model

Marián Masný (born 1950), Slovak former football player

Michal Masný (born 1979), Slovak volleyball player

Vojtech Masný (born 1938), Slovak former football player

Old Polish
The Old Polish language (Polish: język staropolski, staropolszczyzna) was a period in the history of the Polish language between the 10th and the 16th centuries. It was followed by Middle Polish.

The sources for the study of the Old Polish language are the data of the comparative-historical grammar of Slavic languages, the material of Polish dialects, several Latin manuscripts with Polish glosses, as well as – most importantly – monuments written in Old Polish: the Holy Cross Sermons (Polish: Kazania świętokrzyskie), the Sankt Florian Psalter (Psałterz floriański), Bogurodzica (Bogurodzica), the Bible of Queen Sophia (Biblia królowej Zofii, or Sárospatak Bible, Biblia szaroszpatacka) and some others.

The Old Polish language was spoken mainly on the territory of modern Poland. It was the main vernacular of medieval Polish states under the Piasts and early Jagiellons, although it was not the state language (that being Latin).
1969 French Open
The 1969 French Open was a tennis tournament that was held at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris in France from May 26 through June 8, 1969. It was the 68th edition of the French Open, the 39th to be open to foreign competitors, and the second Grand Slam of the year. Rod Laver won his second Grand Slam title of the year.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.