hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claydon, Saskatchewan
Claydon is an unincorporated community within the Rural Municipality of Frontier No. 19, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the community of Robsart, 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of the town of Eastend, and 31 kilometres (19 mi) west of Frontier on Highway 18. The dark-sky preserve at Old Man on His Back Plateau is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the west.

Very little remains of the former community: only a post office that was also formerly a grocery store, a community hall, and ball diamonds.

Dark-sky preserve
A dark-sky preserve (DSP) is an area, usually surrounding a park or observatory, that restricts or reduces light pollution or maintains and protects naturally dark night skies. Different terms have been used to describe these areas as national organizations and governments have worked independently to create programs. DarkSky International (DarkSky) uses "International Dark Sky Reserve" (IDSR) and "International Dark Sky Park" (IDSP) among others when certifying Dark Sky Places.
Belisario Vinta
Belisario Vinta (13 October 1542, Volterra – 15 or 16 October 1613, Florence) was an Italian statesman, knight and diplomat who served the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. Vinta held various high-ranking positions under the Medici family, particularly during the reigns of Ferdinando I and Cosimo II.

Ferdinando I de' Medici
Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (30 July 1549 – 17 February 1609) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1587 to 1609, having succeeded his older brother Francesco I. He expanded the culture of Tuscany, which included presenting the opera Euridice by Jacopo Peri. Ferdinando supported Henry IV of France following the assassination of Henry III of France and provided him with financial support. He expanded the Naviglio canal and started an irrigation project in the Val di Chiana. Ferdinando died on 17 February 1609.
Francesco Uttini
Francesco Antonio Baldassare Uttini (1723 in Bologna – 25 October 1795) was an Italian composer and conductor who was active mostly in Sweden.

He is best remembered today as a composer of operas in both the Italian and Swedish languages and for his five symphonies. He provided the music for the first Swedish grand opera, Thetis och Pelée, which was commissioned by Gustavus III in 1772 and was successfully performed the following year.

He was married first to the opera singer Rosa Scarlatti, and then to the opera singer Sofia Liljegren. He was the father of the ballet dancer Carlo and double bass player Adolpho Ludovico Uttini.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Muhammad Zakaullah
Muhammad Zakaullah NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) PP TI(M) PGAT (Urdu: محمد ذكاءالله ; born 10 January 1958) is a retired admiral in the Pakistan Navy, who was the 20th Chief of Naval Staff of the Pakistan Navy. He was succeeded by Admiral Zafar Mahmood Abbasi.

He is noted for his sportsmanship, having represented Pakistan at the Olympics for a sailing class category and being a gold medallist at the 1990 Asian Games, for which he is a recipient of a national honor.

As naval chief, Admiral Zakaullah is noted for revolutionizing the role of the navy, emphasizing the role of the navy in economic corridor with China and took initiatives to strengthened ties with the Turkish Navy. He also played an active role in establishing the very low frequency facility to provide communications with the submarines as well as ensuring the second-strike capability by commissioning the cruise missile system in the strategic command of the Navy.

Turkish Naval Forces
The Turkish Naval Forces (Turkish: Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri), or Turkish Navy (Turkish: Türk Donanması), is the naval warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.

The modern naval traditions and customs of the Turkish Navy can be traced back to 10 July 1920, when it was established as the Directorate of Naval Affairs during the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Since July 1949, the service has been officially known as the Turkish Naval Forces.

In 2008, the Turkish Navy had a reported active personnel strength of 48,600; this figure included an Amphibious Marines Brigade as well as several Special Forces and Commando detachments. As of early 2021, the navy operates a wide variety of ships and 60 maritime aircraft.
Richard Leigh (officer of arms)
Richard Leigh (c. 1531–1597) was an English officer of arms. He was created Portcullis Pursuivant in 1571 and in this role conducted visitations of Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and Shropshire on behalf of the Clarenceux King of Arms. He was promoted to Richmond Herald in 1592, in which role he conducted the visitation of Lincolnshire. Promoted to Clarenceux in 1594, he inherited his predecessor's dispute with William Dethick over their respective jurisdictions, during which in 1596 he had a copy made of a privy seal grant made by Henry VIII to Thomas Benolt. As Clarenceux he undertook visitations of Berkshire and Northamptonshire, but these were formally completed. He died in September 1597 and was buried at St Alphage London Wall.

Portcullis Pursuivant
Portcullis Pursuivant of Arms in Ordinary is a junior officer of arms at the College of Arms in London.  The office is named after the Portcullis chained Or badge of the Beauforts, which was a favourite device of Henry VII.  King Henry's mother was Lady Margaret Beaufort.  The office was instituted around 1485, probably at the time of Henry's coronation.  The badge of office is very similar to that of Somerset Herald of Arms in Ordinary, the latter being ensigned with the Royal Crown. The earliest recorded Portcullis Pursuivant was James or Jacques Videt, who was the plaintiff in a Common Pleas case in 1498 and again in 1500.

The office is currently vacant.
Paula Andrea Pérez
Paula Andrea Pérez García (born 10 January 1996) is a Colombian former professional tennis player.

Pérez won four doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 6 October 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 941. On 3 November 2014, she peaked at No. 583 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Pérez made her WTA Tour debut at the 2013 Copa Colsanitas, partnering her twin sister María Paulina in doubles. The twins lost their first-round match against the French duo of Alizé Cornet and Pauline Parmentier.

Playing for Colombia Fed Cup team, Pérez has a win–loss record of 1–0.

Pauline Parmentier
Pauline Parmentier (French pronunciation: [pɔlin paʁmɑ̃tje, po-]; born 31 January 1986) is a French former tennis player.

Her career-high WTA singles ranking is 40, which she attained on 21 July 2008. On 30 April 2012, she peaked at No. 89 on the WTA doubles rankings. She won four singles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as ten singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. She competed in the singles and women's doubles events at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and had been playing for France in the Fed Cup since 2010, with a win–loss record of 7–14. Parmentier retired following the 2020 French Open.
Roberto Galletti
Roberto Clemens Galletti di Cadilhac (29 December 1879 – 18 August 1932) was an Italian radio telegraphy pioneer. He worked at a time when Marconi was a dominant name and although he worked independently on innovations, most of them are largely forgotten.

Guglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquess (25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937), was an Italian radio-frequency engineer, inventor, and politician known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system. This led to his being largely credited as the inventor of radio and sharing the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy."
His work laid the foundation for the development of radio, television, and all modern wireless communication systems.

As an entrepreneur and a businessman, Marconi founded The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company (later the Marconi Company) in the United Kingdom in 1897. In 1929, he was ennobled as a marquess (Italian: marchese) by King Victor Emmanuel III. In 1931, he set up Vatican Radio for Pope Pius XI.
Rodén
Rodén is a village in the Fuentes de Ebro municipality in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Rodén is about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south-west of Fuentes de Ebro on the CV-209 road.

The old village is on a hilltop and was abandoned as a result of the Spanish Civil War. The old village also Islam-influenced architecture. The new village is at the foot of the hill. The ruins of the old village have been preserved.

Province of Zaragoza
Zaragoza (Spanish pronunciation: [θaɾaˈɣoθa]), also called Saragossa in English, is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Aragon. Its capital is the city of Zaragoza, which is also the capital of the autonomous community. Other towns in the province include La Almunia de Doña Godina, Borja, Calatayud, Caspe, Ejea de los Caballeros, Tarazona, and Utebo.

Its area is 17,274 km², which makes it the fourth-largest Spanish province by land area. Its population was 954,811 in 2018, accounting for slightly over 72% of the entire population of Aragon; nearly 75% of those lived in the capital. Its population density was 51/km². It contains 292 municipalities, of which more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.

The main language throughout the province is Spanish (with official status), although Catalan is spoken in the easternmost part (Bajo Aragón-Caspe comarca and Mequinenza municipality).
Stadionul Șoimii
Stadionul Șoimii is a multi-use stadium in Pâncota, Romania. It is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Podgoria Pâncota. It was the home ground of Șoimii Pâncota between 1938 and 2016. The stadium holds 2,000 people.

Pâncota
Pâncota (Hungarian: Pankota) is a town in Arad County, Crișana, Romania. The town is situated at a 37 km (23 mi) distance from the county seat, Arad, in the central zone of the county, at the contact zone of the Arad Plateau and Zărand Mountains. The administrative territory of the town is 70.9 km2 (27.4 sq mi). The town administers one village, Măderat (Magyarád).
Ignacio Prado
Ignacio de Jesús Prado Juárez (born 21 September 1993) is a Mexican racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Continental team Canel's–Java. He won the silver medal in the men's scratch event at the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. He won the 2015 Pan American U23 Time Trial Championships gold medal.

Vuelta Mexico Telmex
Vuelta Ciclista Mexico Telmex was an annual road cycling race in Mexico that took place over the course of eight days, involving eight stages. The Mexico national tour had a rich history dating back to the 1940s, and the latest incarnation was revived in late 2008 and early 2009 as the condensed evolution of the Vueltas de las Americas, a 21-day stage race, defunct from 2003. This national tour was ranked 2.2, according to UCI race classifications, and was a part of the UCI America Tour. Title sponsorship was provided via CONADE (Comisión Nacional de Cultura Física y Deporte), as well as the Telmex Foundation, a philanthropic entity created by Telmex C.E.O., Carlos Slim.  Additional sponsorship was provided previously by BMW, Mercury, Coca-Cola, NovoSportware, and Metalurgica Creativa.
Richard Sullivan (MP)
Richard Sullivan was an Irish politician.

Sullivan lived at Castlebamford in County Kilkenny.  At the 1832 UK general election, he stood for County Kilkenny.  He won the seat as an Irish Repeal candidate, and in Parliament, he argued for the abolition of tithes.  He stood down in 1836 by accepting the Chiltern Hundreds.

Chiltern Hundreds
The Chiltern Hundreds is an ancient administrative area in Buckinghamshire, England, composed of three ancient hundreds and lying partially within the Chiltern Hills. "Taking the Chiltern Hundreds" refers to one of the legal fictions used to effect resignation from the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. Since Members of Parliament are not permitted to resign, they are instead appointed to an "office of profit under the Crown", which requires MPs to vacate their seats. The ancient office of Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Chiltern Hundreds, having been reduced to a mere sinecure by the 17th century, was first used by John Pitt (of Encombe) in 1751 to vacate his seat in the House of Commons. Other titles were also later used for the same purpose, but only those of the Chiltern Hundreds and the Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Manor of Northstead are still in use.
San Mateo, Boyacá
San Mateo is a town and municipality in the Northern Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. The urban centre is located at an altitude of 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. San Mateo borders Guacamayas, Panqueba and El Cocuy in the east, Boavita in the west, Macaravita, Santander in the north and La Uvita in the south.

Departments of Colombia
Colombia is a unitary republic made up of thirty-two administrative divisions referred to as departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. departamento) and one Capital District (Distrito Capital). Departments are country subdivisions and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. Each department has a governor (gobernador) and an Assembly (Asamblea Departamental), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods.

Departments are formed by a grouping of municipalities (municipios, sing. municipio). Municipal government is headed by mayor (alcalde) and administered by a municipal council (concejo municipal), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods.
Maksymivka, Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast
Maksymivka (Ukrainian: Максимівка) is a village in Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. The population in 2016 was 119 people. The village of Maksymivka is located 50 km east of Mykolaiv, 45 km west of Snihurivka. The body of local self-government is Kyselivka village council.

Snihurivka
Snihurivka (Ukrainian: Снігурівка [s⁽ʲ⁾n⁽ʲ⁾iɦʊˈr⁽ʲ⁾iu̯kɐ]) is a small city in Bashtanka Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Snihurivka urban hromada. Population: 12,045 (2022 estimate).

It was occupied by Russia from 19 March 2022 until 10 November 2022.
PenaVega
PenaVega is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexa PenaVega (née Alexa Eliesse Vega; born 1988), American actress and singer

Carlos PenaVega (né Carlos Roberto Pena Jr.; born 1989), American film and TV actor and singer

Carlos PenaVega
Carlos Roberto PenaVega (né Pena Jr.; born August 15, 1989) is an American actor and singer. He starred on the Nickelodeon series Big Time Rush as Carlos García, and is a member of the namesake group Big Time Rush. He was also the host of the network's game show Webheads. He currently voices Bobby Santiago in The Loud House franchise.
Murai in Love
Murai in Love (Japanese: 村井の恋, Hepburn: Murai no Koi) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Junta Shima. It was serialized in Line Digital Frontier's Line Manga service from June 2018 to June 2022, with its chapters collected into seven tankōbon volumes. A television drama adaptation aired from April to May 2022. An anime television series adaptation produced by J.C.Staff aired from October to December 2024.

Otome game
An otome game (Japanese: 乙女ゲーム, Hepburn: otome gēmu; lit. "maiden game") is a story-based romance video game targeted towards women with a female protagonist as the player character. Generally one of the goals, besides the main story goal, is to develop a romantic relationship between the female main player character and one of the secondary lead characters, who are usually male.
Ayesha Nurdjaja
Ayesha Nurdjaja is an American chef. She is the executive chef of both Shuka in SoHo and Shukette in Chelsea, Manhattan. Nurdjaja is currently one of the "Titans" on the TV show Bobby's Triple Threat on Food Network. She has made multiple appearances on other Food Network shows, the Today Show, and Vice Munchies  She has been featured as executive chef in The New York Times "Top 100 Restaurants in New York City" list twice, once in 2023 and again in 2024. Nurdjaja has also been selected as a finalist nominee for the James Beard Foundation Award "Best Chef: New York state" in 2022.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Moth ki Mosque
Moth ki Mosque (Urdu: موتھ کی مسجد, romanized: Moth-ki Masjid, lit. 'Lentil Mosque'; [moʈʰ kiː masdʒɪd]) is a 16th-century mosque located in the South Delhi district of India. The mosque was built in 1505 by Wazir Miya Bhoiya, Prime Minister during the reign of Sikander Lodi of the Lodi dynasty. It was a new type of mosque developed by the Lodis in the fourth city of the medieval Delhi Sultanate. This mosque was considered a beautiful domed (gumbad) structure of the period.

The mosque is in the modern locality of South Extension Part II, Uday Park, and Masjid Moth, comprising residential and commercial establishments in the urban setting of South Delhi. It is surrounded by various other smaller dargahs and monuments that may be found peppered within the urban village. The mosque is a Monument of National Importance, administered by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Archaeological Survey of India
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexander Cunningham during the British Raj who also became its first Director-General.
Leek Moors
Leek Moors is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) within Staffordshire Moorlands, England, near the villages Leek and Upper Hulme. This protected area includes the former SSSI called Oliver Hill. The site was designated because of its outstanding assemblage of upland breeding birds and the populations of golden plover and snipe that occur here. There are populations of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) on Oliver Hill.

Leek Moors SSSI includes Black Brook and Knotbury Common.

Two major institutional landowners own land within Leek Moors SSSI: United Utilities and the Ministry of Defence.

United Utilities
United Utilities Group plc (UU) is the United Kingdom's largest listed water company. It was founded in 1995 as a result of the merger of North West Water and NORWEB. The group manages the regulated water and waste water network in North West England, which includes Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, most of Cheshire and a small area of Derbyshire, which have a combined population of more than seven million.

The United Utilities Group was the electricity distribution network operator for the North West until 2010, when its electricity subsidiary was sold to Electricity North West. United Utilities' headquarters are in Warrington, England, and the company has more than 5,000 direct employees. Its shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

North West England is the wettest region in England, and water hardness across the region is soft to very soft.
Glossary of education terms
The follow articles comprise the glossary of education-related terms:

Glossary of education terms (A–C)

Glossary of education terms (D–F)

Glossary of education terms (G–L)

Glossary of education terms (M–O)

Glossary of education terms (P–R)

Glossary of education terms (S)

Glossary of education terms (T–Z)

Glossary of education terms (G–L)
This glossary of education-related terms is based on how they commonly are used in Wikipedia articles. This article contains terms starting with G – L. Select a letter from the table of contents to find terms on other articles.
C.D. Santa Clara
Clube Desportivo Santa Clara is a Portuguese professional football club from Ponta Delgada, Azores. As the most successful football team from the Azores Islands, they are the only team from the archipelago to compete in a UEFA competition, having qualified for the UEFA Intertoto Cup and the UEFA Europa Conference League.

Santa Clara is the only club from the Azores to have competed in the top division of the Portuguese Liga, being thus the westernmost top-flight club in Europe. They compete in the Primeira Liga, the Portuguese first division football league. Santa Clara's kit manufacturer is Umbro and their main sponsor is Lebull. The main local rivals are CD Operário from Lagoa on the same island of São Miguel. Other major rivals are C.S. Marítimo and C.D. Nacional, from the island of Madeira.

São Miguel Island
São Miguel Island (pronounced [ˈsɐ̃w miˈɣɛl]; Portuguese for 'Saint Michael'), nicknamed "The Green Island" (Ilha Verde), is the largest and most populous island in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The island covers 760 km2 (290 sq mi) and has around 140,000 inhabitants, with 45,000 people residing in Ponta Delgada, the archipelago's largest city.
Salman Raduyev
Salman Betyrovich Raduyev (or Raduev; Russian: Салма́н Бетырович Раду́ев; 13 February 1967 – 14 December 2002) was a Chechen militant and separatist field commander, from 1994 to 1999, who masterminded and was responsible for the Kizlyar hostage taking raid. His activities, in his role as a commander, made him "Russia's second most wanted man."

Georgi Derluguian also called him "the enfant terrible" of Chechen resistance due to his eccentric behavior outside his military career: he wore a uniform decorated by what he claimed to be the insignia of Genghis Khan, a black military beret like that of Saddam Hussein, an Arab keffiyeh around his neck and aviator sunglasses to hide his face which had been heavily reconstructed after multiple surgeries due to the injuries he sustained as a militant.

Radyev was arrested in 2000 and died in the Russian penal colony White Swan in 2002, under mysterious circumstances.

Keffiyeh
The keffiyeh (Arabic: كُوفِيَّة, romanized: kūfīyah), also regionally known as a hattah (حَطَّة, ḥaṭṭa), ghutrah (غُتْرَة), or shemagh (شُمَاغ), is a traditional headdress worn by men from parts of the Middle East. It is fashioned from a square scarf, and is usually made of cotton. The keffiyeh is commonly found in arid regions, as it protects from sunburn, dust, and sand. A head cord, agal, is often used by Arabs to keep the keffiyeh in place.
Kids Are United
"Kids Are United!" is a song by the German digital hardcore group Atari Teenage Riot, initially released as a single in 1993 on 12", 7", and CD formats. The track is largely based around a sample from the Sham 69 song "If the Kids Are United".

Digital hardcore
Digital hardcore is a fusion genre that combines hardcore punk with electronic dance music genres such as breakbeat, techno, and drum and bass while also drawing on heavy metal, industrial and noise music. It typically features fast tempos and aggressive sound samples. The style was pioneered by Alec Empire of the German band Atari Teenage Riot during the early 1990s, and often has sociological or leftist lyrical themes.