hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lindström quantifier
In mathematical logic, a Lindström quantifier is a generalized polyadic quantifier. Lindström quantifiers generalize first-order quantifiers, such as the existential quantifier, the universal quantifier, and the counting quantifiers. They were introduced by Per Lindström in 1966. They were later studied for their applications in logic in computer science and database query languages.

Logic in computer science
Logic in computer science covers the overlap between the field of logic and that of computer science. The topic can essentially be divided into three main areas:

Theoretical foundations and analysis

Use of computer technology to aid logicians

Use of concepts from logic for computer applications
Steak Escape
Steak Escape is a restaurant chain based in Columbus, Ohio, United States. Locations are typically found in food courts in shopping malls as well as airports, all serving a variety of menu items, including cheesesteaks. The company is known as the originator of the mall cheesesteak concept. The chain is owned by Columbus, Ohio-based Escape Enterprises.

Cheesesteak
A cheesesteak (also known as a Philadelphia cheesesteak, Philly cheesesteak, cheesesteak sandwich,  cheese steak, or steak and cheese) is a sandwich made from thinly sliced pieces of beefsteak (often rib eye) and melted cheese in a long hoagie roll. A popular regional fast food, it has its roots in the American city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Forks, Washington
Forks, also previously known as the unincorporated town of Quillayute, is a town in southwest Clallam County, Washington, United States. The population was 3,335 at the 2020 census. It is named after the forks in the nearby Bogachiel, Calawah, and Sol Duc rivers which join to form the Quillayute River.

For much of the 20th century, the city's economy was fueled by the local timber industry. Forks later became a tourism destination for visitors to Olympic National Park, recreational sport fishing in nearby rivers, and fans of the novel series Twilight and films, which are set in Forks. The town is also near the Clallam Bay Corrections Center and Olympic Corrections Center.

Clallam Bay Corrections Center
Clallam Bay Corrections Center is situated on the Olympic Peninsula in Clallam County, two miles (3.2 km) south of the community of Clallam Bay, Washington.

CBCC opened as a medium-custody 450-bed facility in 1985 and converted to a Close Custody facility in 1991. In 1992, it expanded to house an additional 400 medium-custody inmates. Today, the facility can house 900 inmates.

The facility provides medium-, maximum-, and close-custody housing for inmates who are serving sentences for crimes committed in Washington State. Currently, 68.4% of Clallam Bay's offenders were convicted of violent offenses, with an average age of 32.1 years old.

There are 400 full-time professional correctional employees at Clallam Bay. Five correctional industries staff members manage the on-site garment industry. Thirty members of the staff and faculty from Peninsula College serve at the facility, providing adult offender education and staff training programs.
85th Scripps National Spelling Bee
The 85th Scripps National Spelling Bee was held at the Gaylord National, in Oxon Hill, Maryland (also D.C) from May 27 to May 31, 2012, and was broadcast live on ESPN3. The championship finals occurred on May 31, 2012.

ESPN3
ESPN3 (formerly ESPN360 and ESPN3.com) was an online streaming service owned by ESPN Inc., a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (which operated the network, through its 80% controlling ownership interest) and Hearst Communications (which held the remaining 20% interest). It provided live streams and replays of global sports events to sports fans in the United States.

The service quietly closed December 2, 2025, after its content was merged into ESPN's self-titled streaming service in full.
Špitalič pri Slovenskih Konjicah
Špitalič pri Slovenskih Konjicah (pronounced [ʃpiˈtaːlitʃ pɾi slɔˈʋeːnskix kɔˈnjiːtsax]) is a small village in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in the Styria region of Slovenia.

The church in the village, dedicated to the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is the only remaining part of the Ecclesia minor (lay monastery) associated with the nearby Carthusian monastery.

Municipality of Slovenske Konjice
The Municipality of Slovenske Konjice (pronounced [slɔˈʋéːnskɛ kɔˈnjìːtsɛ] ⓘ or [- kɔˈnjíːtsɛ]; Slovene: Občina Slovenske Konjice) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Slovenske Konjice. Slovenske Konjice became a municipality in 1994.
Brown's Requiem (novel)
Brown's Requiem is a 1981 crime novel, the first novel by American author James Ellroy. Ellroy dedicated Brown's Requiem "to Randy Rice". Ellroy wrote the book while he worked as a caddie at the Bel-Air Country Club. Brown's Requiem was initially published in paperback in the US, by Avon Books, and the first hardback and first UK edition was published in 1984 by Allison and Busby. The novel was adapted into a 1998 film of the same title.

Bel-Air Country Club
The Bel-Air Country Club is a social club located in Bel Air, Los Angeles, California. The property includes an 18-hole golf course and tennis courts.

The golf course is the home course for the UCLA Bruins men's and women's golf teams.
Líder Mármol
Eder Líder Mármol Cuenca (born 2 September 1985 in Juan León Mallorquín, Alto Paraná) is a Paraguayan retired professional footballer. Marmol holds Italian documentation and counts as a Community player. Marmol was one of the first Paraguayans to arrive at the Major League Soccer. ABC Color branded his career as being made with much sacrifice.

ABC Color
ABC Color is a Paraguayan daily newspaper that is part of Editorial Azeta S.A., a subsidiary of Grupo Azeta. It was established in 1967 by Aldo Zuccolillo. Founded in August 1967, it has been regarded as Paraguay's newspaper of record.
The Village at Corte Madera
The Village at Corte Madera is an upscale lifestyle center located in Corte Madera, California. It opened in September 1985 with department stores Macy's and Nordstrom, and is owned and operated by Macerich.

Nordstrom
Nordstrom, Inc. (/ˈnɔːrdstrəm/) is an American upmarket department store chain headquartered in Seattle, Washington, and founded by John W. Nordstrom and Carl F. Wallin in 1901. The original store operated exclusively as a shoe store, and a second location opened in 1923. The growing chain began selling clothing in 1963, and became the full-line retailer that presently exists by 1971. The company founded its off-price Nordstrom Rack division in 1973, and grew both full-line and off-price divisions throughout the United States in the following years. The full-line division competes with department stores including Bloomingdale's, Dillard's, Neiman Marcus, and Saks Fifth Avenue, while the off-price division competes with retailers including TJX and Ross Stores. Previous expansions beyond the contiguous United States include Puerto Rico (2015–2020) and Canada (2014–2023).
E. E. C. Thuraisingham
Dato' Sir Ernest Emmanuel Clough Thuraisingham or E.E.C. Thuraisingham (Tamil: இ. இ. சி. துரைசிங்கம்) (28 August 1898 – 30 March 1979) was the first local Member (Minister) for Education in the Communities Liaison Committee (CLC) formed to build communal fraternity in British-ruled Malaya, from 1951–1955. He is also the first Asian chairman of the Selangor Turf Club.

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
School District 60
School District 60 can refer to:

Canada

School District 60 Peace River North

United States

Higley Unified School District 60

Maine School Administrative District 60

Miami-Yoder School District JT-60

Pueblo School District 60

Waukegan Community Unit School District 60

Higley Unified School District
The Higley Unified School District #60 or HUSD #60, is a school district in Gilbert, Arizona. The school district serves 12,600 students across 15 schools in portions of Gilbert, Mesa and Queen Creek. It is one of Arizona's fastest growing school districts. Continued modest growth is expected despite the downturn in the economy during the 2000s.  In August 2013, the district opened two new middle schools and all other elementary schools that hosted grades K-8 went down to K-6.
Diary of a Wimpy Kid (film series)
Diary of a Wimpy Kid is a series of family comedy films based on the book series of the same name by Jeff Kinney. It consists of four live-action films and four animated films, with a fifth animated film announced.

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Hugh Elliott Eaglesham
Hugh Elliott Eaglesham (June 3, 1873 – 12 October 1938) was a physician and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Weyburn from 1934 to 1938 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Liberal.

He was born in Clifford, Ontario, the son of Hugh Eaglesham and Margaret Marshall, and was educated in Harriston and at Trinity Medical College. In 1896, he married Mary Fletcher. Eaglesham served as president of the Saskatchewan Medical Council and was coroner for Weyburn, Saskatchewan. Eaglesham defeated Tommy Douglas to win his seat in the provincial assembly in 1934.

Weyburn-Bengough
Weyburn-Bengough is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in southeastern Saskatchewan, the constituency was created as Weyburn-Big Muddy for the 1995 general election by combining parts of Weyburn and Bengough-Milestone.

The largest centre in the constituency is the city of Weyburn (pop. 9,433). Smaller communities in the district include the towns of Willow Bunch, Coronach, Ogema and Bengough; and the villages of Minton, Pangman and Mctaggart.

For the 2024 general election, the riding was renamed Weyburn-Bengough and shifted to the north, gaining significant territory from Indian Head-Milestone, Lumsden-Morse, and Moosomin and losing territory to Estevan-Big Muddy and Cannington.
La Pâtisserie Gloppe
La Pâtisserie Gloppe is an 1889 oil on canvas painting by Jean Béraud, now in the Musée Carnavalet in Paris.

The Gloppe business originated in Roanne, opening its first Parisian premises before 1851 at the Rue Royale-Saint-Martin, then a second around 1873 at 9 boulevard des Italiens, and finally a third at Rond-point des Champs-Élysées (now 2 Avenue Franklin-D.-Roosevelt). It ceased trading after 1915.

Boulevard des Italiens
The Boulevard des Italiens (French pronunciation: [bulvaʁ dez‿italjɛ̃]) is a boulevard in Paris. It is one of the 'Grands Boulevards' in Paris, a chain of boulevards built through the former course of the Wall of Charles V and the Louis XIII Wall, which were destroyed by the orders of Louis XIV. The origin of the name is the théâtre des Italiens built on it in 1783, shortly before the French Revolution on the site now occupied by the third Salle Favart.
Vladan Đorđević
Ipokrat "Vladan" Đorđević (pronounced [ʋlǎːdan d͡ʑɔ̝̌ːrd͡ʑe̞vit͡ɕ], Serbian Cyrillic: Владан Ђорђевић, 21 November 1844 – 31 August 1930) was a Serbian politician, diplomat, physician, writer, and organizer of the State Sanitary Service. He held the post of mayor of Belgrade, Minister of Education, Prime Minister of Serbia, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Envoy to Athens and Istanbul.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbian: Министарство спољних послова, romanized: Ministarstvo spoljnih poslova) is a ministry in the Government of Serbia which is in the charge of foreign relations. The current minister is Marko Đurić, in office since 2 May 2024.

Its headquarters are located in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Building.
2025 Halle Open
The 2025 Halle Open (known for sponsorship reasons as the Terra Wortmann Open) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 32nd edition of the Halle Open and part of the ATP Tour 500 series of the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place at the OWL Arena in Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, between 16 June and 22 June 2025.

João Fonseca (tennis)
João Franca Guimarães Fonseca (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈɐ̃w fõˈsekɐ]; born 21 August 2006) is a Brazilian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 24, achieved on 3 November 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 160, reached on 23 February 2026. He is the current No. 1 singles player from Brazil.

Fonseca has won two ATP Tour singles titles at the 2025 Argentina Open and 2025 Swiss Indoors and one doubles title, at the 2026 Rio Open.

Fonseca is also the 2024 NextGen Finals champion.
G8012 Mi'le–Chuxiong Expressway
The G8012 Mi'le–Chuxiong Expressway (Chinese: 弥勒—楚雄高速公路), also referred to as the Michu Expressway (Chinese: 弥楚高速公路), is an expressway in Yunnan, China that connects the cities of Mi'le and Chuxiong via Yuxi.

Chuxiong City
Chuxiong City (Chinese: 楚雄市; pinyin: Chǔxióng Shì; Chuxiong Yi Script: , IPA: /ɣo21 lu21 lu21/) is a county-level city and the capital of the Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, in Central Yunnan Province, China.

Chuxiong City borders Lufeng to the east, Shuangbai County to the south, Nanhua County and Jingdong County to the west, and Mouding County to the north.
Fritz Delius (actor)
Fritz Delius (28 September 1890 – 20 September 1966) was a German film actor and theater artist. He played leading parts opposite Henny Porten and Fern Andra in several silent films. After the advent of talkies he shifted his focus to theater. When Adolf Hitler came to power and several restrictions began to be imposed on Jews, Delius emigrated to Switzerland where he continued his theater and film career.

The Women House of Brescia
The Women House of Brescia (German: Das Frauenhaus von Brescia) is a 1920 German-language silent film directed by Hubert Moest. The film's alternative name was The House of Pillory. The film was considered highly controversial for the depiction of prostitution. The film's story was set in medieval Europe during the fourteenth century. The film was based on Karl Hans Strobl's novel Das Frauenhaus von Brescia. The Pillory houses were the places where enemy women captured during wartime were imprisoned so that the people could exploit them as they wished. The depiction of prostitution was the basis for the picture's rejection by the British Board of Film Classification in 1921 and its being banned in Germany.
Islam in Central Sulawesi
Islam in Central Sulawesi, a province of Indonesia, is the majority religion embraced by around 75% of the province's 2,683,722 inhabitants (2011 projection figure, based on the 2010 census). The propagators of Islam were thought to enter Central Sulawesi through neighboring regions, namely Bone, Wajo, and Mandar from the south and west routes, and through Gorontalo and Ternate from the north and east routes via Tomini Bay and Tolo Bay.

Sultanate of Ternate
The Sultanate of Ternate (Jawi: کسلطانن ترناتي‎), previously known as the Kingdom of Gapi, is one of the oldest Muslim kingdoms in Indonesia besides the sultanates of Tidore, Jailolo, and Bacan.

The Ternate kingdom was established by Momole Cico, the first leader of Ternate, with the title Baab Mashur Malamo, traditionally in 1257. It reached its Golden Age during the reign of Sultan Baabullah (1570–1583) and encompassed most of the eastern part of Indonesia and a part of southern Philippines. Ternate was a major producer of cloves and a regional power from the 15th to 17th centuries.

The dynasty founded by Cico continues to the present, as does the Sultanate itself, although it no longer holds any political power.
Aggravation (album)
Aggravation is the second studio album by French industrial metal band Treponem Pal. It was released in 1991 on Roadracer Records. The record features contributions from producer Roli Mosimann and session work from the Celtic Frost drummer Stephen Priestly. The album also features a cover of Kraftwerk's 1976 track, "Radioactivity."

Roadrunner Records
Roadrunner Records is a Dutch-American record label focused on heavy metal and hard rock music. Founded in the Netherlands in 1980, it is now a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City. Formerly seen as one of the most powerful independent metal labels of the 1980s and 1990s, it would eventually become a massive host of metal acts, most seen in Roadrunner United and the following live concert. Since then, the label continued to put out major releases. However, by the 2020s, most major acts had left the label; it was also acquired by Warner, being relegated to something much smaller than before.
Enemy Property Act, 1968
The Enemy Property Act, 1968 is an Act of the Parliament of India which enables and regulates the appropriation of property in India owned by Pakistani nationals. The act was passed following the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Ownership is passed to the Custodian of Enemy Property for India, a government department. There are also movable properties categorized as enemy properties.

Pakistani nationality law
The primary law governing nationality of Pakistan is the Pakistan Citizenship Act, 1951, which came into force on 13 April 1951.

With few exceptions, all individuals born in the country are automatically citizens at birth. Foreign nationals may naturalise as Pakistani citizens after residing in the country for at least five years and showing proficiency in at least one vernacular language of Pakistan. Commonwealth citizens who make a substantial financial investment in the state are eligible for a facilitated naturalisation process.

Pakistan was previously ruled by the British Empire and local residents were British subjects and British protected persons. Although Pakistan gained independence in 1947 and Pakistanis no longer hold British nationality, they remain Commonwealth citizens under British law. When residing in the United Kingdom, Pakistani citizens are eligible to vote in UK elections and serve in public office there.
Arn Menconi
Arn Menconi (born 1959 in Chicago, Illinois) was the Green Party candidate in the 2016 United States Senate election in Colorado.  He was on the ballot for the November 2016 election in Colorado.

Menconi served two terms on the county commission of Eagle County, Colorado. He is also the founder and former Executive Director of a national youth development charity SOS Outreach. He earned his M.B.A. at the University of Denver, Colorado and undergraduate in Communications at DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois.

Vail, Colorado
Vail is a home rule municipality in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The population of the town was 4,835 in 2020. Home to Vail Ski Resort, the largest ski mountain in Colorado, the town is known for its hotels, dining, and for the numerous events the city hosts annually, such as the Vail Film Festival, Vail Resorts Snow Days, and Bravo! Vail.
Wasim Jafri
S. M. Wasim Jafri (Urdu: ايس ايم وسيم جعفرى) is a Pakistani gastroenterologist. He serves as a professor of medicine and head of the gastroenterology section at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan. He obtained his high school education at the Don Bosco High School, Lahore. His family moved from Lahore to Karachi where he studied at the D. J. Science College. He later studied medicine at the Dow Medical College, Karachi and obtained his MBBS degree from the University of Karachi.

Jafri received training in general medicine and gastroenterology between 1978 and 1984 from England. He is one of the leading gastroenterologists in his region. He has published more than 70 publications in peer reviewed journals. His main areas of interest are chronic liver diseases from hepatitis B and C.

He is the patron of the Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases (PSSLD).

Dow Medical College
Dow Medical College is a public medical school located in the city of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was founded in 1945 and named after British civil servant Sir Hugh Dow, Governor of Sindh.

In 2003, it became a constituent college of the newly formed Dow University of Health Sciences.
Alfred Hill (bishop)
Christianity portal

Alfred Thomas Hill CMG MBE (2 November 1901 – 27 August 1969) was the fourth Anglican Bishop of Melanesia.

He was consecrated on Trinity Sunday 1954 (13 June), by Reginald Owen, Archbishop of New Zealand and Bishop of Wellington, at All Saints', Honiara. Made a deacon in 1938 and ordained priest in 1939, he had previously been Headmaster of Boys’ School Pawa, Ugi Island (1938–1954). He became a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).

Primate of New Zealand
Primate of New Zealand is a title held by a bishop who leads the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. Since 2006, the Senior Bishop of each tikanga (Māori, Pākehā, Pasefika) serves automatically as one of three co-equal Primates-and-Archbishops. Previously, one of these three would be Presiding Bishop and the other two Co-Presiding Bishops; and before that there was only one Primate.
1978 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1978 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the 43rd staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.

The final was played on 20 August 1978 at Charlie Hurley Park in Bandon, between Castlehaven and St. Finbarr's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Castlehaven won the match by 0-08 to 0-03 to claim their first ever championship title.

Bandon, County Cork
Bandon (/ˈbændən/; Irish: Droichead na Bandan) is a town in County Cork, Ireland. It lies on the River Bandon between two hills. The name in Irish means 'bridge of the Bandon', a reference to the origin of the town as a crossing point on the river. In 2004 Bandon celebrated its quatercentenary. The town, sometimes called the Gateway to West Cork, had a population of 8,196 at the 2022 census.