hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Cook Islands dengue fever outbreak
The Cook Islands Dengue Fever Outbreak refers to the Dengue fever outbreak in the Cook Islands beginning sometime in January 2019, declared an outbreak after seven cases were detected with varying stages. The Ministry of Health stated one case was allegedly from French Polynesia. This was relatively new, as the last dengue fever outbreak was in 2009; this specific serotype of DENV-1 in 2007.

Initial cases were restricted to Rarotonga and Aitutaki, but in August 2020 a case was reported on Pukapuka. The Pukapuka outbreak was brought under control in October 2020 after a mosquito eradication campaign, and the entire outbreak was declared over in early November 2020. There were a total of 380 probable or confirmed cases (6 in Aitutaki, 5 in Pukapuka, and the rest on Rarotonga), 77 hospitalisations, and no deaths.

Serotype
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their shared reactivity between their surface antigens and a particular antiserum, allowing the classification of organisms to a level below the species. A group of serovars with common antigens is called a serogroup or sometimes serocomplex.

Serotyping often plays an essential role in determining species and subspecies. The Salmonella genus of bacteria, for example, has been determined to have over 2600 serotypes. Vibrio cholerae, the species of bacteria that causes cholera, has over 200 serotypes, based on cell antigens. Only two of them have been observed to produce the potent enterotoxin that results in cholera: O1 and O139.

Serotypes were discovered in hemolytic streptococci by the American microbiologist Rebecca Lancefield in 1933.
Moby Prince disaster
The Moby Prince disaster was a major maritime accident resulting in 140 deaths. It occurred in the late evening of Wednesday 10 April 1991, in the harbour of Livorno, Italy. It is the worst disaster in the Italian merchant navy since World War II. It is also considered one of the two worst environmental disasters in Italian history, along with the explosion and loss of the tanker Amoco Milford Haven on the following day in an unrelated accident near Voltri.

MV Moby Prince, a ferry owned by Navigazione Arcipelago Maddalenino (NAVARMA) Lines, collided with the oil tanker Agip Abruzzo, sparking an extensive fire that ravaged the ship. The only survivor of the crew and passengers of the ferry was a young ship's boy, Alessio Bertrand from Naples. The other 140 on board were killed by the fire or toxic fumes.

On 28 May 1998 the ship's hull sank while impounded in a dock in Leghorn Harbour; it was later refloated and sent to be scrapped in Turkey.

Mayday
Mayday is an emergency procedure word used internationally as a distress signal in voice-procedure radio communications.

It is used to signal a life-threatening emergency primarily by aviators and mariners, but in some countries local organizations such as firefighters, police forces, and transportation organizations also use the term. Convention requires the word be repeated three times in a row during the initial emergency declaration ("Mayday, mayday, mayday").
Radio Gračanica
Radio Gračanica  is a Bosnian local public radio station, broadcasting from Gračanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

It was launched on 1 March 1969 by the municipal council of Gračanica. In Yugoslavia and in SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, it was part of local/municipal Radio Sarajevo network affiliate.

This radio station broadcasts a variety of programs such as music, sport, local news and talk shows. Programs are mainly produced in Bosnian language.

Estimated number of potential listeners of Radio Gračanica is around 216,054. The radio station is also available in municipalities of Zenica-Doboj Canton and in Bosanska Posavina area.

Radio Gračanica is also available via IPTV platform Moja TV on channel 177.

Posavina
Posavina (Serbian Cyrillic: Посавина) is a geographical region that stretches along the Sava river, encompassing only the inner areas of the Sava river basin, that are adjacent or near to the Sava river itself, namely catch region spanning from the Julian Alps in the northwest to the confluence with the Danube in the southeast. It passes through several countries of former Yugoslavia, namely Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. In Slovene, the term Posavina is not used to describe the parts of Slovenia that lie by the Sava river. Instead, the terms Posavje, Zasavje and Zgornjesavska dolina are used (however, the parts of Slovenia between Litija and Bled, as well as Bohinj, are generally not defined by their proximity to the Sava river in Slovenian geographical nomenclature).
Dave's Picks Volume 4
Dave's Picks Volume 4 is a three-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains the complete concert recorded on September 24, 1976, at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was released on November 1, 2012.

Dave's Picks Volume 4 is the fourth in the Dave's Picks series of Grateful Dead archival releases, the successor to the Road Trips series, and was produced as a limited edition of 12,000 numbered copies.

Part of the show was previously released on the Spirit of '76 bonus disc included in some copies of Live at the Cow Palace. Music from the concert performed the following night was released on Dick's Picks Volume 20.

Keith Godchaux
Keith Richard Godchaux (July 19, 1948 – July 23, 1980) was an American pianist best known for his tenure in the rock group the Grateful Dead from 1971 to 1979. Following their departure from the Dead, he and his wife Donna formed the Heart of Gold Band in 1980, but Godchaux died from injuries sustained in a car accident shortly after their first concert.
Ofala Festival
The Ofala Festival is an annual ceremony practiced by Igbo people, particularly the indigenes of Onitsha, Umueri, Umuoji and other neighboring communities such as Aguleri, Nnewi and Ukpo in Dunukofia Local Government Area. It serves as a rites of renewal of the king or (Igwe/Obi) and is similar to the Igue festival in Benin and the Ine, Osi or Ogbanigbe Festival in many mid-West Igbo communities of Nigeria. The term ofala, is derived from two Igbo words - ọfọ (English: authority) and ala (English: land). The festival is celebrated within two days mostly in October by the Obi (English: king) and is a customary obligation that must be performed every couple of years without fail.

Umueri
Umueri Listenⓘ, also known and pronounced as Umuleri, is a town in Anambra State of southeastern Nigeria. The settlement is populated primarily Igbo, and has an estimated population of 1,500,000.  The forebears are widely acknowledged as the first settler in Omambala valley.

The construction of the advanced Anambra International Cargo Airport in 2021 brought further commerce into the area, and strengthened the town's economy.
Montpellier, Cheltenham
Montpellier is a district of the Regency town Cheltenham Spa in Gloucestershire, England. Montpellier is one of the most historic areas of the Cheltenham, based at the end of the Promenade and south of the town centre. Originally developed in the 1830s in conjunction with the spas, it is now known for its Grade I and II* listed buildings, Regency architecture, bars, cafés, restaurants and range of specialist shops. In April 2008 Montpellier was one of the most expensive areas in Cheltenham to buy property, with apartments ranging from £300,000 to over £1,000,000, townhouses from around £400,000, and houses over £4,000,000.

The Ivy (United Kingdom)
The Ivy is a British restaurant founded in 1917 known for its popularity with celebrities. The original restaurant's location in the West End, opposite the Ambassadors and St Martin's theatres, made it a popular restaurant for theatregoers.
The Ivy has since expanded into various locations across the United Kingdom and Ireland, known as the Ivy Collection.
Olof Ås
Olof Alvar Hage Ås (21 September 1892 – 4 September 1949) was a Swedish theater and film actor stage manager.

Ås was born in Stockholm, and begin his career on the stage. He then began a career in the 1910s as a stage manager. Some of his work as a stage manager includes films such as Victor Sjöström's The Lass from the Stormy Croft (Swedish: Tösen från Stormyrtorpet) (1917) and Mauritz Stiller's Gösta Berlings saga (1922), for which he also worked on special effects.

Ås made his film debut in the 1912 Paul Garbagni-directed I lifvets vår and would appear in nearly 30 films (most of them directed by either Stiller or Sjöström) until his death in Tureberg, Sollentuna Municipality, following a road accident, aged 56.

Mauritz Stiller
Mauritz Stiller (born Moshe Stiller, 17 July 1883 – 8 November 1928) was a Swedish-Finnish film director of Jewish origin, best known for discovering Greta Garbo and bringing her to America. Stiller was a pioneer of the Swedish film industry, writing and directing many short films from 1912. When Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer invited him to Hollywood as a director, he arrived with his new discovery Greta Gustafsson, whose screen name Greta Garbo is believed to have been his suggestion. After frequent disagreements with studio executives at MGM and Paramount Pictures, Stiller returned to Sweden, where he died soon afterward.
Gilles' Wife
Gilles' Wife (French: La Femme de Gilles) is a 2004 drama film based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Madeleine Bourdouxhe. The film was directed by Frédéric Fonteyne and written by Fonteyne, Philippe Blasband and Marion Hänsel. It received the André Cavens Award for Best Film by the Belgian Film Critics Association (UCC).

André Cavens Award
The André Cavens Award (French: Prix André-Cavens) is an accolade presented annually by the Belgian Film Critics Association (UCC), an organization of film critics from publications based in Brussels. The André Cavens Award was introduced in 1976 by the organizing committee to honor cinematic achievement in Belgium. The name of the award comes from film director André Cavens.

The most awarded filmmakers are Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne with six awards, followed by Jaco Van Dormael, Joachim Lafosse, and Fien Troch with three. Other multiple winners are Jean-Jacques Andrien, André Delvaux, and Lukas Dhont with two awards each. As of 2025, Young Mothers is the most recent winner.
Gingivectomy
Gingivectomy is a dental procedure in which a dentist or oral surgeon cuts away part of the gums in the mouth (the gingiva).

It is the oldest surgical approach in periodontal therapy and is usually done for improvement of aesthetics or prognosis of teeth.

By removing the pocket wall, gingivectomy provides visibility and accessibility for complete calculus removal and thorough smoothing of the roots, creating a favourable environment for gingival healing and restoration of a physiologic gingival contour. The procedure may also be carried out so that access to sub-gingival caries or crown margins is allowed. A common aesthetic reason for gingivectomy is a gummy smile due to gingival overgrowth.

Human mouth
In human anatomy, the mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and produces saliva. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining the inside of the mouth.

In addition to its primary role as the beginning of the digestive system, the mouth also plays a significant role in communication. While primary aspects of the voice are produced in the throat, the tongue, lips, and jaw are also needed to produce the range of sounds included in speech.

The mouth consists of two regions, the vestibule and the oral cavity proper. The mouth, normally moist, is lined with a mucous membrane, and contains the teeth.  The lips mark the transition from mucous membrane to skin, which covers most of the body.
Virginia L. Miller
Virginia L. Miller is a microbiologist known for her work on studying the factors leading to disease caused by bacteria. Miller is an elected fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology (2003) and a former Pew Charitable Trust Biomedical Scholar (1989).

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Quillback rockfish
The quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger),  also known as the quillback seaperch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. This species primarily dwells in salt water reefs. The average adult weighs 2–7 pounds (0.9 – 3 kg) and may reach 1 m (3 feet) in length. Quillback rockfish are named for the sharp, venomous quills or spines on the dorsal fin. Their mottled orange-brown coloring allows them to blend in with rocky bottom reefs. The quillback rockfish eats mainly crustaceans, but will also eat herring. They are solitary and minimally migratory, but not territorial, and give birth to live young (viviparous). They are a popular sport fish, generally caught in cold water 41–60 m deep, but also to subtidal depths of 275 m.

Viviparity
In animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the mother, with the maternal circulation providing for the metabolic needs of the embryo's development, until the mother gives birth to a fully or partially developed juvenile that is at least metabolically independent. This is opposed to oviparity, where the embryos develop independently outside the mother in eggs until they are developed enough to break out as hatchlings; and ovoviviparity, where the embryos are developed in eggs that remain carried inside the mother's body until the hatchlings emerge from the mother as juveniles, similar to a live birth.
The Madison (TV series)
The Madison is an upcoming neo-Western television series created by Taylor Sheridan for Paramount+. The series follows the Clyburn family, originally from New York City, who relocate to the Madison River valley of southwest Montana for emotional recovery following a tragedy that shattered the family. Michelle Pfeiffer and Kurt Russell lead the series, alongside main stars Patrick J. Adams, Elle Chapman, Matthew Fox, Beau Garrett, Amiah Miller, Ben Schnetzer, Kevin Zegers, and Rebecca Spence.

The six-episode first season of The Madison is set to premiere on March 14, 2026. In August 2025, ahead of the series premiere, it was renewed for a second season.

Madison River
The Madison River is a headwater tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 183 miles (295 km) long, in Wyoming and Montana. Its confluence with the Jefferson and Gallatin rivers near Three Forks, Montana forms the Missouri River.
Dave Wyatt
David Wyatt was born about June 19, 1871 in Nelsonville, Ohio and was a Negro leagues infielder and manager for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League. He attended Indiana State University.

His earliest records show he played for the Hot Springs Arlingtons in 1897 and the Chicago Unions as early as 1898. He was present on team lists for the Chicago Unions in 1902 and 1903. And he played for the Leland Giants in 1906.

Wyatt made an appearance at a 1907 meeting at the Indianapolis Freeman Newspaper Building, where baseball club owners met to discuss a possible National Colored Base Ball League in 1908.

Wyatt managed the Illinois Giants by 1909.

Dave Wyatt died at the age of 78 on December 10, 1950 in Cook County, IL.

Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
Latham-Baker House
Latham-Baker House is a historic home located at Greensboro, Guilford County, North Carolina. It was built in 1913, and is a two-story, Prairie School style dwelling.  It has a low-pitched hip roof, broad, projecting eaves, and green terra cotta tile roof. An addition was constructed about 1916. Also on the property is a contributing carriage house, or three-car garage.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  It is located in the Fisher Park Historic District.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
ISOLDE Decay Station experiment
The ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS) is a permanent experiment located in the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The purpose of the experiment is to measure decay properties of radioactive isotopes using spectroscopy techniques for a variety of applications, including nuclear engineering and astrophysics. The experimental setup has been operational since 2014.

Experiment systems can be coupled to the station for different decay measurements, using techniques such as fast timing, and time-of-flight. The IDS is able to study a range of nuclei, from light to heavy.

Nuclear engineering
Nuclear engineering is the engineering discipline concerned with designing and applying systems that utilize the energy released by nuclear processes.
The most prominent application of nuclear engineering is the generation of electricity. Worldwide, some 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries generate 10 percent of the world's energy through nuclear fission. In the future, it is expected that nuclear fusion will add another nuclear means of generating energy. Both reactions make use of the nuclear binding energy released when atomic nucleons are either separated (fission) or brought together (fusion). The energy available is given by the binding energy curve, and the amount generated is much greater than that generated through chemical reactions. Fission of 1 gram of uranium yields as much energy as burning 3 tons of coal or 600 gallons of fuel oil, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Howard Yard
The Howard Yard is a CTA rail yard in the Rogers Park neighborhood on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois, on the border with Evanston, Illinois. It is the largest rail yard of the CTA, and stores cars from the Yellow, Red, and Purple Lines of the Chicago Transit Authority.

Currently, 5000-series railcars are stored here. It is adjacent to Howard station.

The yard was opened in 1919 and gradually replaced the functions of Wilson Yard, until the latter was destroyed by fire in 1996. The yard was rebuilt between 1991 and 1993.

A train derailed in the yard in 1990, disrupting rail traffic to Evanston. In 2023, a Yellow Line train collided with a CTA snowplow on tracks adjacent to the yard.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Cardiognosis
In Christian theology, cardiognosis (literally Knowledge of the Heart) is a special charism that God confers on some saints. In Christian asceticism, the term Cardiognosis also indicates the ascetical methods and meditation techniques which have the purpose of reaching an inner state of mystical experience and, eventually, the charisma of Cardiognosis.

Christian theology
Christian theology is the theology – the systematic study of the divine and religion – of Christian belief and practice. It concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition. Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument. Theologians may undertake the study of Christian theology for a variety of reasons, such as in order to:

help them better understand Christian tenets

make comparisons between Christianity and other traditions

defend Christianity against objections and criticism

facilitate reforms in the Christian church

assist in the propagation of Christianity

draw on the resources of the Christian tradition to address some present situation or perceived need

education in Christian philosophy, especially in Neoplatonic philosophy
Andries Petrus Johannes Cronjé
Andries Petrus Johannes Cronjé (A.P.J. Cronjé, 18 June 1849 – 23 February 1923) was a Second Boer War general, like his older brother Piet Cronjé (1836 – 1911). After surrendering to the British he became a prominent member of the National Scouts Corps, who assisted the British military against the remaining Boer guerrillas in the last years of the Boer War. A.P.J. Cronjé should not be confused with Boer general Andries Petrus Cronjé (A.P. Cronjé, 1833 – 1916), who was captured and sent to Bermuda by the British.

Boshof
Boshof is a small rural farming town located in the western part of the Free State province, South Africa.

The town is approximately 55 km north-east of Kimberley along the R64 road. It serves as the administrative centre of the Tokologo Local Municipality within the Lejweleputswa District and is known for mixed farming activities, including livestock and crop production.
Albert Wagelmans
Albert Peter Marie (Albert) Wagelmans (born 1960) is a Dutch economist and Professor of Management Science at the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) of the Erasmus University Rotterdam working in the fields of mathematical optimization methods for production, public transport and health care planning.

Dynamic lot-size model
The dynamic lot-size model in inventory theory, is a generalization of the economic order quantity model that takes into account that demand for the product varies over time. The model was introduced by Harvey M. Wagner and Thomson M. Whitin in 1958.
Ashangba Nongjabi
Ashangba Nongjabi (English: Crimson Rainclouds) is a 2003 Manipuri film written by M. K. Binodini Devi. It is produced and directed by Aribam Syam Sharma. Bhogen, Khuraijam Lingjelthoibi and Ningthoujam Rina played lead roles in the movie. The movie is based on M. K. Binodini Devi's 1966 play of the same title. The play draws on the playwright’s interactions with Ramkinkar Baij, the eminent sculptor, with whom she studied in Santiniketan, and who has left behind a whole suite of sculptures and paintings of Binodini.

Shantiniketan
Shantiniketan (IPA: [ʃantiniketɔn]) is a neighbourhood of Bolpur town in the Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India, approximately 152 km north of Kolkata. It was established by Debendranath Tagore, and later expanded by his son, Rabindranath Tagore whose vision became what is now a university town with the creation of Visva-Bharati. It is also the birthplace of Indian Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen, who was also an alumnus of the school.

It was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List by the World Heritage Committee in 2023.