hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Turner Bennett
Edward Turner Bennett (6 January 1797 – 21 August 1836) was an English zoologist and writer. He was the elder brother of the botanist John Joseph Bennett.
Bennett was born at Hackney and practiced as a surgeon, but his chief pursuit was always zoology. In 1822, he attempted to establish an entomological society, which later became a zoological society in connection with the Linnean Society. This in turn became the starting point of the Zoological Society of London, of which Bennett was Secretary from 1831 to 1836.
His works included The Tower Menagerie (1829) and The Gardens and Menagerie of the Zoological Society (1831). He also wrote, in conjunction with George Tradescant Lay, the section on Fishes in the Zoology of Beechey's Voyage (1839).
In 1835, he described a new species of African crocodile, Mecistops leptorhynchus, the validity of which was confirmed in 2018.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Sklené (Svitavy District)
Sklené is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Sklené lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Svitavy, 67 km (42 mi) south-east of Pardubice, and 158 km (98 mi) east of Prague.

Svitavy
Svitavy (Czech pronunciation: [ˈsvɪtavɪ]; German: Zwittau) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and the centre of the Czech Esperanto movement. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
War Between the Provinces
The War Between the Provinces is a series of fantasy novels by Harry Turtledove.

The novels are a retelling of the American Civil War in a high fantasy setting called the Kingdom of Detina. The series focuses on the Eastern theater of the War Between the Provinces.

The names of locations have been changed, and North and South (and west and east) have been reversed, and, rather than skin color, hair color is used as the basis for the dehumanization. Many of the characters are based on real-world characters, and their names indicate this. Often their names are anagrams of the real-world character they are based on, or their nicknames contain their original's name.
Hand-cranked crossbows replace guns to mirror slow reloading times, and the northern rebels have fewer flying carpet paths (railroads) than the southern kingdom, hence giving the slave-owning side the same logistical problems that existed in the American Civil War.

Magic carpet
A magic carpet, also called a flying carpet, is a legendary carpet and common trope in fantasy fiction. It is typically used as a form of transportation and can quickly or instantaneously carry its user(s) to their destination.
Schlesinger Building
The Schlesinger Building, also known as Wesbank Centre or Sanlam Centre, is a skyscraper in Braamfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa. It was built in 1965 to a height of 110 metres (360 ft). It has 21 floors. The building is named for John Schlesinger, a Johannesburg businessman who was also one of the first major art collectors in the city.

Doreen E. Greig, who was the first female president-in-chief of the South African Institute of Architects, described the building in her book as 'an immense building' with a 'sombre and monumental' aspect, which derived from the reflection of grey-green glass sheathing. Its facade are swollen and its vertical aluminium mullions are balanced by the horizontal glass spandrels, which also less obscure than the fenestration.

South African Institute of Architects
The South African Institute of Architects (SAIA) is an association of affiliated and regional institutes that promotes excellence of architectural design in South Africa. It replaced the Institute of South African Architects and a number of regional bodies in 1996.
Media weight
Media weight is a term used in advertising to refer to the size of the audience reached by an advertising campaign. Media weight is determined by the number and placement of advertisements in media such as television commercials, online ads, or billboards.

Media weight is usually expressed in the form of GRP's (Gross rating Points), AOTS (Average opportunity to see) and reach of target audience. The main use of media weights is to monitor how well the goals of a communication plan are being reached. There are different ways to measure media weight.

Gross rating point
In advertising, a gross rating point (GRP) measures the size of an audience that an advertisement impacts. GRPs help answer how often "must someone see it before they can readily recall it" and "how many times" does it take before the desired outcome occurs.
Bnai Zion Medical Center
The Bnai Zion Medical Center was established in 1922 as the first Jewish-founded district general hospital in Haifa, the center offers medical care, education, research and services to the diverse and growing population of northern Israel. In a recent survey in a national newspaper, the Bnai Zion medical center was voted the first hospital in the Haifa region of Israel. Immediately after Oct 7th 2023, following the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, Bnai Zion Medical Center CEO and former Chief Medical Officer of the Israeli Navy, Dr. Ohad Hochman, opened the only Soldier Rehabilitation hospital department in the North of Israel in response to emergent medical needs.

Rehabilitation hospital
Rehabilitation hospitals, also referred to as inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, are devoted to the rehabilitation of patients with various neurological, musculoskeletal, orthopedic, and other medical conditions following stabilization of their acute medical issues. The industry is largely made up by independent hospitals that operate these facilities within acute care hospitals. There are also inpatient rehabilitation hospitals that offer this service in a hospital-like setting, but separate from acute care facilities. Most inpatient rehabilitation facilities are located within hospitals.

The objective of rehabilitation is to cure a patient completely. However, exact goals vary for each person. For instance, someone with a problem in their lungs might get pulmonary rehabilitation so that their breathing becomes better.

On the other hand, someone with a spine injury may need physical therapy and rehab to help restrict more damage from happening to their backs.
Museum of Automobiles
The Museum of Automobiles is an automobile museum in rural unincorporated Winrock, Arkansas, adjacent to Petit Jean State Park.  The museum features a collection of antique and classic cars, motorcycles, guns, license plates, arcade machines and automobile memorabilia.  It also includes a rare 1923 Climber touring car, made in Arkansas. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

The museum hosts many automobile-related events including swap meets and car shows.

Climber Motor Company
The  Climber Motor Company was a short-lived automobile manufacturer based in Little Rock, Arkansas. Sales were targeted at the Southern United States such as Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Arkansas. It is the only car ever produced in Arkansas.

The Climber Motor Corporation hired George Schoeneck, previously involved with the Owen-Schoeneck and Geneva automobiles, as its Chief Engineer. Production started in 1919 with two models - the four-cylinder Model K and the six-cylinder Model S. Tourer; roadster and coupe body styles were offered for both models. Prices ranged from $1385 to $2400 for the Model K, and from $2250 to $3250 for the Model S.

Lack of parts and finance led to the company's sale in mid-1924. The New Climber Company built approximately 200 cars from available parts, then wound the business up. Part of the Climber Motor Car Factory, Unit A, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2005.
Leon Gaspard
Leon Schulman Gaspard (1 or 2 October 1883 [other sources provide 2 March 1882] – 21 February 1964) was a Russian-born painter, known for his paintings of indigenous cultures and folk traditions. He tended to paint scenes with throngs of people, and his favorite locations were in small towns in Belarus, Russia, Asia, and Taos, New Mexico. He spent his youth in Russia and later studied in Paris, where he became a well-respected painter. He moved with his wife, Evlyn Gasper, to the United States. They eventually settled in Taos, New Mexico, though he continued to devote much of his time to traveling to paint in remote locations.

Académie Julian
The Académie Julian (French pronunciation: [akademi ʒyljɑ̃]) was a private art school for painting and sculpture founded in Paris, France, in 1867 by French painter and teacher Rodolphe Julian (1839–1907). The school was active from 1868 through 1968. It remained famous for the number and quality of artists who attended during a great period of effervescence in the arts in the early twentieth century. After 1968, it integrated with the École supérieure de design, d'art graphique et d'architecture intérieure
(ESAG) Penninghen.
Empires (VNV Nation album)
Empires is the third studio album by the alternative electronic band VNV Nation. It was released in 1999 in the EU and 2000 in the United States jointly under the Metropolis and Dependent labels. The album combines trance, synthpop, and electronic body music (EBM).

"Darkangel" was released as a single on 28 June prior to the album, and "Standing" became a single, and was also released as part of the Burning Empires EP in 2000.

The U.S. release of Empires peaked at #6 on the CMJ RPM Charts.

Metropolis Records
Metropolis Records is a record label that was founded in Philadelphia in 1993, by Dave Heckman. The label's all-electronic format closely tracked with European contemporaries including Off Beat, and since 1995 has been instrumental in promoting and distributing underground electronic music in the U.S.

On June 9, 1999, Metropolis bought the American industrial label, Pendragon Records. It assumed distribution responsibilities for Pendragon's back catalog, as well as that of 21st Circuitry, another industrial label which had gone out of business.
Deputatsky
Deputatsky (Russian: Депута́тский; Yakut: Депутатскай, romanized: Deputatskay) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Ust-Yansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located in the Selennyakh Range, about 930 kilometers (580 mi) north-northeast of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,983.

Yakutsk
Yakutsk is the capital and largest city of Sakha, Russia, located about 450 km (280 mi) south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the 2021 census.

Yakutsk has an average annual temperature of −8.0 °C (17.6 °F), winter high temperatures consistently well below −20 °C (−4 °F), and a record low of −64.4 °C (−83.9 °F) has been recorded.

As a result, Yakutsk is the coldest major city in the world (although a number of smaller towns in that region are slightly colder). Yakutsk is also the largest city located in continuous permafrost; the only other large city is Norilsk, also in Siberia. Yakutsk is in the Central Yakutian Lowland and is a major port on the Lena River. It is served by the Yakutsk Airport as well as the smaller Magan Airport.
Douglas Creek (Canada)
Douglas Creek is a small, 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) salmon-bearing urban stream that is located in the municipality of Saanich on Vancouver Island. It is located entirely within PKOLS (Mount Douglas Park) and its mouth empties into Haro Strait.

Impervious surface
Impervious surfaces are mainly artificial structures—such as pavements (roads, sidewalks, driveways and parking lots, as well as industrial areas such as airports, ports and logistics and distribution centres, all of which use considerable paved areas) that are covered by water-resistant materials such as asphalt, concrete, brick, stone—and rooftops. Soils compacted by urban development are also highly impervious.
Abraham Dawson (Dean of Dromore)
Christianity portal

Abraham Dawson was the dean of Dromore Cathedral from 1894 until his death on 20 November 1905.

The son of a doctor, he was born in Dungannon in 1826 and educated at the Royal School Dungannon and Trinity College Dublin from 1844. He was ordained in 1851 and began his career at Christ Church, Belfast. After being rector of Knocknamuckley (1857) and Seagoe (1879) parishes, he became rural dean of Dromore in 1886, and its archdeacon in 1892.

He is buried with his family in Knocknamuckley graveyard.

St Gobhan
Saint Gobhan has long been linked with the parish of Seagoe – recorded for instance as Teach dho-Ghobha – in County Armagh, Ireland.

Gobban find mac Lugdach (c. 560 – 639) was primarily known for his abbacy of the monastery of Oldleighlin, County Carlow, where in 633 an important synod was held to debate the timing of Easter. This monastery later evolved into St Laserian's Cathedral, Old Leighlin. This abbot also held authority at Killamery – Cell Lamraide in County Kilkenny. He died in 639 and was buried in either the ancient abbey of Clonenagh: Cluain-Ednech, County Laois or Clooneagh: Cluain Each, County Kerry.
Koneru Humpy
Koneru Humpy (born 31 March 1987) is an Indian chess grandmaster. Humpy is a runner-up of the Women's World Chess Championship and the reigning two-time Women's World Rapid Chess Champion. In 2002, she became the youngest female player—and the first Indian female player—to achieve the title of Grandmaster, aged 15 years, 1 month, 27 days, a record only since surpassed by Hou Yifan. Humpy is a gold medalist at the Olympiad, Asian Games, and Asian Championship.

In October 2007, she became the second female player, after Judit Polgár, to exceed the 2600 Elo rating mark, being rated 2606.

Humpy won the Women's World Rapid Chess Championship in 2019 and 2024.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Ropsley and Humby
Ropsley and Humby is a civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. According to the 2001 Census it had a population of 808, increasing to 816 at the 2011 census. The parish consists of the small villages of Ropsley and Great Humby and the larger Little Humby, and the Deserted Medieval Villages of Overton Green and Ogarth.

The northern edge of the parish is formed by the A52 Grantham to Boston road, and the eastern edge is largely coincident with the former line of the Roman road King Street between Stainfield and Anacaster.  Part of this boundary is the ancient 'long hollow'. The parish is around 100m above sea level on the Lincolnshire limestone hills between Grantham and the Fens. The open country in the north of the parish is known as Ropsley Moor

For the purposes of local democracy, the parish is administered with adjacent Braceby and Sapperton.

Deserted medieval village
In the United Kingdom, a deserted medieval village (DMV) is a former settlement which was abandoned during the Middle Ages, typically leaving no trace apart from earthworks or cropmarks. If there are three or fewer inhabited houses the convention is to regard the site as deserted; if there are more than three houses, it is regarded as a shrunken medieval village. There are estimated to be more than 3,000 DMVs in England alone.
Baroque violin
A  Baroque violin is a violin set up in the manner of the baroque period of music. The term includes original instruments which have survived unmodified since the Baroque period, as well as later instruments adjusted to the baroque setup, and modern replicas. Baroque violins have become relatively common in recent decades thanks to historically informed performance, with violinists returning to older models of instrument to achieve an authentic sound.

The differences between a Baroque violin and a modern instrument include the size and nature of the neck, fingerboard, bridge, bass bar, and tailpiece. Baroque violins are almost always fitted with gut strings, as opposed to the more common metal and synthetic strings on a modern instrument, and played with a bow made on the baroque model rather than the modern Tourte bow. Baroque violins are not fitted with a chin rest and are played without a shoulder rest.

Francesco Geminiani
Francesco Xaverio Geminiani (baptised 5 December 1687 – 17 September 1762) was an Italian violinist, composer, and music theorist. BBC Radio 3 once described him as "now largely forgotten, but in his time considered almost a musical god, deemed to be the equal of Handel and Corelli".
Lactuca ludoviciana
Lactuca ludoviciana, the biannual lettuce, is a North American species of wild lettuce. It is widespread across much of central and western Canada and the western and central United States from Ontario west to British Columbia and south to Louisiana, Texas, and California. Most of the known populations are on the Great Plains; populations west of there may well represent naturalizations.

Lactuca ludoviciana is a biennial herb in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family growing from a taproot a height of up to 150 cm (5 feet). The top of the stem bears a multibranched inflorescence with many flower heads. Each head contains 20-50  yellow ray florets but no disc florets.

It has been seen to hybridize wildly with Lactuca canadensis, and it is difficult to differentiate between the two species.

Taproot
A taproot is a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally and horizontally. Typically, a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. In some plants, such as the carrot, the taproot is a storage organ so well developed that it has been cultivated as a vegetable.

The taproot system contrasts with the adventitious- or fibrous-root system of plants with many branched roots, but many plants that grow a taproot during germination go on to develop branching root structures, although some that rely on the main root for storage may retain the dominant taproot for centuries—for example, Welwitschia.
Wuyang County
Wuyang County (simplified Chinese: 舞阳县; traditional Chinese: 舞陽縣; pinyin: Wǔyáng Xiàn) is a county in the central part of Henan province, China. It is both the westernmost and southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Luohe.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Bring It All Back
"Bring It All Back" is the debut single of British pop group S Club 7. It was co-written by S Club 7, Eliot Kennedy, Mike Percy and Tim Lever for the group's debut studio album S Club (1999). Kennedy, Percy, and Lever also produced the song. It was released on 7 June 1999 as the album's lead single. "Bring It All Back" was used as the theme for the band's first CBBC series Miami 7 as well.

"Bring It All Back" was a chart success, reaching the top spot in the United Kingdom and New Zealand whilst also peaking within the top ten in Ireland and Sweden. The song was released in North America on 28 September 1999, shortly before their television show Miami 7 became popular in the United States. By May 2015 it had sold 675,000 copies in the UK.

CBBC
CBBC (short for Children's BBC) is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content for children aged from 6 to 12. Its sister channel, CBeebies, is aimed at children aged 6 and under. It broadcasts every day from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Three.
Michael F. Williams
Michael F. Williams (born 1962, New Zealand) is a composer of contemporary classical music. He has received commissions from many of New Zealand's major musical institutions such as the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, NBR New Zealand Opera and Chamber Music New Zealand and his work is regularly broadcast on Radio New Zealand Concert. A lecturer in composition at the University of Waikato, Williams has received recognition in the NZSO-SOUNZ Readings on three occasions and in the SOUNZ Contemporary Award in 2012 for his multimedia World War II opera, The Juniper Passion.

New Zealand Symphony Orchestra
The New Zealand Symphony Orchestra (NZSO) is a symphony orchestra based in Wellington, New Zealand. The national orchestra of New Zealand, the NZSO is an autonomous Crown entity owned by the New Zealand Government, per the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra Act 2004. It is currently based in the Michael Fowler Centre and frequently performed in the adjacent Wellington Town Hall before it was closed in 2013. It also performs in Auckland, Christchurch and Dunedin.
2024 ISA World Surfing Games
The 2024 ISA World Surfing Games took place at La Marginal in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, from 23 February to 3 March 2024. The event was organised by the International Surfing Association (ISA).

Brazil's Gabriel Medina won his first senior World Surfing Games title in the men's event, while Australia's Sally Fitzgibbons won her fourth senior title in the women's event.

Sally Fitzgibbons
Sally Fitzgibbons (born 19 December 1990) is an Australian professional surfer on the Association of Surfing Professionals World Tour (2009–2013). In June 2019, she was ranked No. 1 in the world for women's surfing after winning the Rio Pro.