hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kausani
Kausani (Kumaoni: Kôsānī) is a hill station and Village situated in Bageshwar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is known for its scenery and its 300 km-wide panoramic view of Himalayan peaks like Trisul, Nanda Devi and Panchchuli. Mahatma Gandhi called this place the 'Switzerland of India', due to similarity in landscapes.

Hill station
A hill station is a type of hill town, mostly in colonial Asia, but also in colonial Africa (albeit rarely), founded by European colonialists as a refuge from the summer heat. As historian Dane Kennedy observes about the Indian context, "the hill station (...) was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider". The term is still used in present day, particularly in India, which has the largest number of hill stations; most are situated at an altitude of approximately 1,000 to 2,500 metres (3,300 to 8,200 ft).
Axel Petersen (athlete)
Axel Johannes Petersen (14 November 1880 – 23 May 1962) was a Danish athlete.  He competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. In the 100 metres, Petersen took second place in his first round heat with a time of 11.5 seconds.  He did not advance to the semifinals.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres was the shortest of the sprint races at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. The competition was held over the course of three days. The first round was held on 20 July, the semifinals on 21 July, and the final on 22 July. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes, The event was won by Reggie Walker of South Africa, the first time the gold medal went to a nation other than the United States. The Americans did stay on the podium with James Rector's silver medal. Canada won its first medal in the event, a bronze by Robert Kerr.
Shōtarō Tashiro
Shōtarō Tashiro (田代 将太郎, Tashiro Shōtarō; born December 13, 1989 in Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan) is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder who is currently a free agent. He has played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Saitama Seibu Lions and Tokyo Yakult Swallows.

On December 2, 2020, he become free agent.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.
Paul Baskis
Paul Baskis is an Illinois biochemist, who, in the 1980s found a way of synthetically producing oil from industrial and household wastes without expending more energy than is produced.

This process is called Thermal depolymerizing reforming process and apparatus and was patented, U.S. patent 5,269,947 in 1993. The rights to the patent were acquired by Changing World Technologies.

Waste
Waste are unwanted or unusable materials. Waste is any substance discarded after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use. A by-product, by contrast is a joint product of relatively minor economic value. A waste product may become a by-product, joint product or resource through an invention that raises a waste product's value above zero.

Examples include municipal solid waste (household garbage), hazardous waste, wastewater (such as sewage, which contains bodily wastes (feces and urine) and surface runoff), radioactive waste, and others.
William McEchron House
William McEchron House is a historic home located at Glens Falls, Warren County, New York.  It was built in 1891 and is a 2+1⁄2-story, asymmetrical stone-and-frame residence that incorporates elements of Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival design.  The first story is built of rock-faced, random ashlar sandstone.  It features a pair of stone arches at the entrance and a massive stone arch at the porte cochere.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Porte-cochère
A porte-cochère (/ˌpɔːrt koʊˈʃɛr/; French: [pɔʁt.kɔ.ʃɛʁ]; lit. 'coach gateway'; pl. porte-cochères – pl. portes-cochères) is a doorway to a building or courtyard, "often very grand," through which vehicles can enter from the street or a covered porch-like structure at a main or secondary entrance to a building through which originally a horse and carriage and today a motor vehicle can pass to provide arriving and departing occupants protection from the elements.

Portes-cochères are still found on such structures as major public buildings and hotels, providing covered access for visitors and guests arriving by motorized transport.

A porte-cochère, a structure for vehicle passage, is to be distinguished from a portico, a columned porch or entry for human, rather than vehicular, traffic.
Undulate ray
The undulate ray (Raja undulata) is a species of skate and cartilaginous fish found in the Mediterranean and East Atlantic from southern Ireland and England to the Gulf of Guinea. It is found in areas with mud or sand, and may occur as deep as 200 m (660 ft), though it prefers shallower depths. It is considered endangered due to overfishing.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Tyrwhitt-Drake
Tyrwhitt-Drake is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Tyrwhitt-Drake (1926–2008), English cricketer

Edward Tyrwhitt Drake (1832–1904), English clergyman and cricketer

Garrard Tyrwhitt-Drake (1881–1964), English businessman, zoo owner and author

Montague Tyrwhitt-Drake (1830–1908), English-born lawyer, judge and political figure in Canada

Thomas Drake Tyrwhitt-Drake (1749–1810), British Member of Parliament

Thomas Tyrwhitt-Drake (1783–1852), British Member of Parliament

Charles Francis Tyrwhitt-Drake (1846–1874), explorer, naturalist, archaeologist, and linguist who died during the PEF Survey of Palestine

Edward Drake (cricketer)
Edward Tyrwhitt Drake (15 May 1832 – 20 June 1904) was an English clergyman and first-class cricketer who played for Cambridge University, the Gentlemen, England, the Marylebone Cricket Club and other amateur sides between 1853 and 1873. He and other members of his extended family are often recorded by the double-barrelled surname of "Tyrwhitt-Drake". He was born at Bucknell, near Bicester, Oxfordshire and died at Amersham, Buckinghamshire.
The Waterfront Suites and Residence
The Waterfront Suites and Residence is an unfinished and abandoned condominium located on Chalermphrakiat road in Pattaya, Chonburi province, Thailand. Standing at 53 stories high, the building began development in 2011 but was halted in 2014. The building has an area of 38,530 m2, and was designed to stand at 57 stories. The building has commonly been described as an "eyesore".

Chonburi province
Chonburi (Thai: ชลบุรี, RTGS: Chon Buri, [tɕ͡ʰōn bū.rīː] ⓘ) is a province of Thailand (changwat) located in eastern Thailand. Its capital is also named Chonburi. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from north) Chachoengsao, Chanthaburi, and Rayong, while the Bay of Bangkok is to the west. Pattaya, a major tourism destination in Thailand, is located in Chonburi, along with Laem Chabang, the country's primary seaport. The population of the province has grown rapidly and now totals 1.7 million residents, although a large portion of the population is floating or unregistered. The registered population as of 31 December 2024 was 1.635 million.
San Diego Fleet
The San Diego Fleet was a professional American football team based in San Diego, California, that competed in the Alliance of American Football (AAF). The league began play in February 2019, with the team playing its home games at SDCCU Stadium. They were coached by former NFL head coach Mike Martz. The team was one of the two professional football teams playing in San Diego, along with the San Diego Strike Force of the Indoor Football League, and the first since the San Diego Chargers moved to Los Angeles in 2017.

In April 2019, the league suspended football operations and allowed players to break their contracts. On April 17, the league filed for bankruptcy, cutting the season short and putting all eight teams out of business, since under the AAF organizational plan all teams were funded by the central organization.

Adam Archuleta
Adam Jason Archuleta (born November 27, 1977) is an American former professional football player who was a safety for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Arizona State Sun Devils, and was selected in the first round of the 2001 NFL draft by the St. Louis Rams with the 20th overall pick.

After five seasons with the Rams, Archuleta played a season each for the Washington Redskins and Chicago Bears, and was in camp with the Oakland Raiders in 2008.
Wahgunyah Conservation Park
Wahgunyah Conservation Park is a protected area located on the west coast of  South Australia about 20 kilometres (12 miles) west of the town of Fowlers Bay.  The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category VI protected area.

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Rachel Louise Snyder
Rachel Louise Snyder is an American journalist, writer, and professor. She has written about domestic violence and worked as a foreign correspondent for the public radio program Marketplace, and also contributed to All Things Considered and This American Life. She is a professor in the Department of Literature at American University.

This American Life
This American Life is a weekly hour-long American radio program produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media and hosted by Ira Glass. It is broadcast on numerous public radio stations in the United States and internationally, and is also available as a free weekly podcast. Primarily a journalistic non-fiction program, it has also featured essays, memoirs, field recordings, short fiction, and found footage. The first episode aired on November 17, 1995, under the show's original title, Your Radio Playhouse. The series was distributed by Public Radio International until June 2014, when the program became self-distributed with Public Radio Exchange delivering new episodes to public radio stations.

A television adaptation of the show ran for two seasons on the Showtime cable network between June 2007 and May 2008.
Slabada, Slabada selsoviet, Myadzyel district
Slabada (Belarusian: Слабада; Russian: Слобода́, romanized: Sloboda) is an agrotown in Myadzyel District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slabada selsoviet. It is located 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Myadzyel, 23 kilometres (14 mi) from Varapayeva, and 171 kilometres (106 mi) from the capital Minsk. In 2001, it had a population of 244. In 2011, it had a population of 218.

Minsk region
Minsk region, also known as Minsk oblast or Minsk voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, although it is a separate administrative territorial entity of Belarus. The region's population was recorded at 1,411,500 in 2011.
Baiyangdian railway station
Baiyangdian railway station (Chinese: 白洋淀站; pinyin: Báiyángdiàn zhàn) is a station Tianjin–Baoding intercity railway in Rongcheng County, Xiong'an New Area, Baoding, Hebei. The station is named after the Baiyangdian (Baiyang Lake).

Baiyang Lake
Baiyang Lake, also known as Lake Baiyangdian, is located in the Xiong'an New Area of Baoding, a prefecture-level city in Hebei Province, China. It is the largest freshwater lake in northern China. It is referred to as the Kidney of North China.
Satyrodes appalachia
Satyrodes appalachia, the Appalachian brown or woods eyed brown is a species of Satyrinae butterfly that is native to North America.

Wingspan: 39 to 51 mm.

Larvae on Rhynchospora inundata, Carex lacustris, and Carex stricta.

See Lethe appalachia (Lethe = current genus name) at Wikipedia for more Satyrodes appalachia information.

Carex stricta
Carex stricta is a species of sedge known by the common names upright sedge and tussock sedge. The plant grows in moist marshes, forests and alongside bodies of water. It grows up to 2 feet (0.61 m) tall and 2 feet (0.61 m) wide. When the leaves die, they build on top of or around the living plant, making a "tussock". Widely distributed in and east of the Great Plains, it is one of the most common wetland sedges in eastern North America.

Their seeds are carried by the wind. When seeds land, they are eaten by birds such as dark-eyed junco, northern cardinal, wild turkey, and ducks such as mallard and wood duck. The seeds are also eaten by squirrels and other mammals. The plant can also reproduce vegetatively via rhizomes, and often form colonies.

It is a larval host to the black dash, the dun skipper, and the eyed brown.
Juan Antonio Pérez López
Juan Antonio Pérez López (1934–1996) was a Spanish business theorist. He was professor of Organizational Behavior at the IESE Business School (Spain), where he became Dean (1978–1984). He was also a visiting professor at PAD Business School of the Universidad de Piura (Peru) and IAE Business School of the Austral University (Argentina). His research and publications focus on Action Theory and its implications for Organizational Behavior. They collect and integrate economic, sociological, and ethical aspects.

Austral University (Argentina)
Austral University (Spanish: Universidad Austral) is a private university in Argentina, based in Pilar, Buenos Aires. Austral is the best private university and the best in employability in the country according to QS University Rankings.

Since 2011, the university has begun a consolidation process where the Pilar Campus has become the primary seat. This project seeks to create and foster the local community by adding value to the city of Pilar and offering a unique learning environment for its students. Some postgraduate courses will still be offered in downtown Buenos Aires at the CAI.

The institution also owns a hospital in Buenos Aires, the Austral University Hospital, a health care, teaching and biomedical research institution. It is considered one of the best hospitals in Argentina and one of the best in Latin America.

As of December 2019, it had over 4000 students and over 1200 professors.
Karşıyaka women's volleyball team
Karşıyaka Women's Volleyball commonly known as Karşıyaka and officially known as Endo Karşıyaka for commercial reasons, are the professional women's volleyball department of Karşıyaka SK, a major Turkish multi-sport club based in İzmir, Turkey. They play their matches at the 6.500-seated Karşıyaka Arena.

Karşıyaka Arena
Karşıyaka Arena (also known as Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Karşıyaka Sport Hall) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in İzmir, Turkey. It was opened in 2005. It is owned and run by Karşıyaka SK. The 6,500 seating capacity arena is used mostly to host basketball and volleyball games, as well as concerts and events.

The arena also features a VIP lounge area with seating for 90, an additional practice training hall that seats 500 people, a weight training room, fitness and aerobics facilities, a conference room that holds 100 people, a media room for the press, a medical room, locker room facilities, 20 athlete guesthouses, cafeterias, administrative offices, a sports bar, and 800 parking spaces.
Ysgubor-y-coed
Ysgubor-y-coed is a community in the northernmost part of Ceredigion, Wales, with a population of 310 as of the 2011 UK census. It includes the villages of Eglwys Fach, Glandyfi, and Furnace. It is 12 miles (19 km) from Aberystwyth.

To the north and west are the south bank of the River Dyfi and its estuary, with an area of low-lying land. The river Einion flows through the Community. To the east are the Cambrian mountains.

The remains of Aberdyfi castle (Tomen Las, a motte-and-bailey castle) are on the bank of the river Dyfi; it was built by Rhys ap Gruffudd in the 12th century. Also in the community is the RSPB's bird sanctuary at Ynys-hir.

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is a charitable organisation registered in England and Wales and in Scotland. It was founded in 1889. It works to promote conservation and protection of birds and the wider environment through public awareness campaigns, petitions and through the operation of nature reserves throughout the United Kingdom.

In 2023/24 the RSPB had revenue of £169 million, 2,517 employees, 13,500 volunteers and 1.1 million members (including 195,000 youth members), making it one of the world's largest wildlife conservation organisations. The RSPB has many local groups and maintains 222 nature reserves.
Outline of production
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

Production – act of creating 'use' value or 'utility' that can satisfy a want or need. The act may or may not include factors of production other than labor.  Any effort directed toward the realization of a desired product or service is a "productive" effort and the performance of such act is production.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

Service (economics)
A service is an act or use for which a consumer, company, or government is willing to pay. Examples include work done by barbers, doctors, lawyers, accountants, mechanics, banks, finance, insurance companies, and so on. Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union or region) as a whole pays for, such as hospitals,  elementary schools, or libraries. Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers give benefit to service consumers. Services may be defined as intangible acts or performances whereby the service provider provides value to the customer.
Fraser v ABSA
Fraser v ABSA Bank Limited is a decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa with import for South African criminal procedure. It concerns the interpretation of chapter 5 of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act, 1998, dealing with the restraint and confiscation of property that constitutes the proceeds of crime. It was heard on 23 May 2006 and decided on 15 December 2006 with a unanimous judgment written by Justice Johann van der Westhuizen.

Criminal procedure in South Africa
Criminal procedure in South Africa refers to the adjudication process of that country's criminal law. It forms part of procedural or adjectival law, and describes the means by which its substantive counterpart, South African criminal law, is applied. It has its basis mainly in English law.
Baby Mama (Fantasia song)
"Baby Mama" is a song recorded by American singer Fantasia for her debut studio album Free Yourself (2004). It was written and produced by Vito Colapietro, Neely Dinkins, and Harold Lilly. The song samples from "There Will Never Be Any Peace (Until God Is Seated at the Conference Table)" by American group The Chi-Lites; thus, Eugene Record and Barbara Acklin are also credited as songwriters. "Baby Mama" was released as the second single from Free Yourself on February 14, 2005, by J Records.

A moderate commercial success, "Baby Mama" peaked at number 60 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and number 16 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Barbara Acklin
Barbara Jean Acklin (February 28, 1943 – November 27, 1998) was an American soul singer and songwriter, who was most successful in the 1960s and 1970s.  Her biggest hit as a singer was "Love Makes a Woman" (1968).  As a songwriter, she is best known for co-writing the multi-million-selling "Have You Seen Her" (1971) with Eugene Record, lead singer of the Chi-Lites.
Official Congressional Directory
The Official Congressional Directory (also known as Congressional Directory) is the official directory of the United States Congress, prepared by the Joint Committee on Printing (JCP) and published by the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) since 1887. Directories since the 41st Congress (1869–1871) are available online from the Government Publishing Office. Per federal statute (44 USC 721) the Directory is published and distributed during the first session of each new Congress. It is a designated essential title distributed to Federal depository libraries and the current edition is available for purchase from GPO.

41st United States Congress
The 41st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871, during the first two years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Branków
Branków [ˈbrankuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warka, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

Five Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Grójec County
Grójec County (Polish: powiat grójecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Grójec, which lies 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Warsaw. The county contains three other towns: Warka, 25 km (16 mi) east of Grójec, Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, 34 km (21 mi) south-west of Grójec, and Mogielnica, 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Grójec.

The county covers an area of 1,268.82 square kilometres (489.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 98,334, out of which the population of Grójec is 16,745, that of Warka is 11,948, that of Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą is 3,755, that of Mogielnica is 2,253, and the rural population is 63,633.