hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Layer group
In mathematics, a layer group is a three-dimensional extension of a wallpaper group, with reflections in the third dimension. It is a space group with a two-dimensional lattice, meaning that it is symmetric over repeats in the two lattice directions. The symmetry group at each lattice point is an axial crystallographic point group with the main axis being perpendicular to the lattice plane.

Table of the 80 layer groups, organized by crystal system or lattice type, and by their point groups

Crystal system
In crystallography, a crystal system is a set of point groups (a group of geometric symmetries with at least one fixed point). A lattice system is a set of Bravais lattices (an infinite array of discrete points). Space groups (symmetry groups of a configuration in space) are classified into crystal systems according to their point groups, and into lattice systems according to their Bravais lattices. Crystal systems that have space groups assigned to a common lattice system are combined into a crystal family.

The seven crystal systems are triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, trigonal, hexagonal, and cubic. Informally, two crystals are in the same crystal system if they have similar symmetries (though there are many exceptions).
Suraj Randiv
Hewa Kaluhalamullage Suraj Randiv Kaluhalamulla (born 30 January 1985), formerly Mohamed Marshuk Mohamed Suraj, known popularly as Suraj Randiv, is a former professional Sri Lankan cricketer, who played all formats of the game. He plays first-class cricket for Sinhalese Sports Club. Suraj was educated at Rahula College Matara. He is now working as a bus driver, as well as serving the role of captain-coach at Edinburgh Cricket Club.

Singhalese Sports Club
The Singhalese Sports Club (SSC) is a first-class cricket club in Colombo, Sri Lanka till 2025 when they were relegated after enduring a horrendous 2024-25 version of the  Major Club 3 day tournament in which they could only muster a single victory and lost two of their eight matches. Singhalese is the most successful club in Sri Lankan domestic cricket, having won the Premier Trophy a record 32 times to 2017. Although the name is correctly spelt with the old spelling "Singhalese", the name is sometimes misspelt with the modern spelling "Sinhalese". Three former Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka have been presidents of the club.
Painted eel
The painted eel (Echelus myrus) is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, originally under the genus Muraena. It is a marine, subtropical eel which is known from the eastern Atlantic Ocean, including the Bay of Biscay, the Republic of Congo, and the Mediterranean. It dwells at a depth range of 3 to 12 metres (9.8 to 39.4 ft), and inhabits burrows formed in sand and mud sediments in coastal lagoons and estuaries. Males can reach a maximum total length of 100 centimetres (39 in), but more commonly reach a TL of 60 centimetres (24 in).

The Painted eel is of minor commercial interest to fisheries. It has been recorded spawning in the Bay of Algiers during the months of August and September.

Bay of Biscay
The Bay of Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, -ki/ BISS-kay, -⁠kee) also known as the Gulf of Biscay or the Gulf of Gascony is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea. It lies along the western coast of France from Point Penmarc'h to the Spanish border, and along the northern coast of Spain, extending westward to Cape Ortegal.

The average depth is 1,744 m (5,722 ft) and the greatest depth is 4,735 m (15,535 ft).
Christian Peregin
Christian Peregin (born 24 November 1987) is a Maltese journalist, entrepreneur, and communications strategist. He is the founder of Lovin Malta, a prominent digital media platform in Malta, and is known for his contributions to journalism, political strategy, and start-up consultancy.

Maltese people
The Maltese (Maltese: Maltin) people are an ethnic group native to Malta who speak Maltese, a Semitic language descended from Siculo-Arabic with a substantial Romance superstratum, and share a common Maltese history and culture characterised by Latin Catholicism, which remains the state religion. Malta, an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, is an archipelago that also includes an island of the same name together with the islands of Gozo (Maltese: Għawdex) and Comino (Maltese: Kemmuna); people of Gozo, Gozitans (Maltese: Għawdxin) are considered a subgroup of the Maltese.
Rock Spring Farm
Rock Spring Farm is a historic home located at Leesburg, Loudoun County, Virginia.  The original section of the house was built about 1826, with wing and one-story addition built about 1906, and hyphen in 1980 to connect to the original brick kitchen.  It consists of a 2+1⁄2-story, four-bay, brick main block in the Federal style with a two-story rear ell and flanking wings. The house was updated near the turn of the 20th century with Colonial Revival-style details.  Also on the property are a contributing spring house, smokehouse, barn, dairy, silo, tractor shed, and stable.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Loudoun County, Virginia
Loudoun County (/ˈlaʊdən/) is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. The county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of 2023, Loudoun County had a median household income of $156,821, the highest of any county or county equivalent in the nation.
Listed buildings in Leeds (Weetwood Ward)
Weetwood is a ward in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It contains 78 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, four are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The ward is to the northwest of the centre of Leeds, and includes the suburbs of Far Headingley, Ireland Wood, Tinshill, Weetwood and West Park. It is mainly residential, and most of the listed buildings are houses, some large and divided into smaller units, with associated structures. The ward also includes Leeds Beckett University, many of whose buildings are listed. The other listed buildings include a column originally in a church, shops, a public house, a horse trough, churches, a meter house, a former hospital, a post box, and a war memorial.

City of Leeds
The City of Leeds, also known officially as Leeds, is a metropolitan borough with city status in West Yorkshire, England. It occupies the north east of the county and includes Leeds and its surrounding towns, including Wetherby, Garforth, Morley, and Otley. The borough had an estimated population of 845,189 in 2024, making it the second largest district in England by population after Birmingham.

The borough was created in 1974 as part of a reform of local government in England. It is one of five metropolitan boroughs within the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, which was created at the same time. Local government was shared between Leeds City Council and West Yorkshire County Council until 1985, when the county council was abolished and the city council took on its responsibilities. The city council is a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority, a strategic body for the county.
Crianlarich Hills
The Crianlarich Hills are a large group of mountains in Scotland, running east of Crianlarich and Loch Lomond, south of Strath Fillan and north of Loch Doine. The range is within the Breadalbane section of Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park and contains the highest mountains in the park. The mountains also are located in an area where the landscape becomes ever more remote and mountainous as landscapes go further into a wilderness starting from Tarbet on Loch Lomond. The highest mountain in the range is Ben More, which is also the highest in the national park and is one of the highest in Scotland.

The mountains of the range include the seven Munros:

Ben More, 1,174 m (3,852 ft)

Stob Binnein, 1,165 m (3,822 ft)

Cruach Ardrain, 1,046 m (3,432 ft)

An Caisteal, 995 m (3,264 ft)

Beinn Tulaichean, 946 m (3,104 ft)

Beinn a' Chroin, 942 m (3,091 ft)

Beinn Chabhair, 933 m (3,061 ft)

Loch Doine
Loch Doine  is a small freshwater loch that lies to the west of Balquhidder in the Trossachs and Teith ward within Stirling council area of Scotland. It is a short, narrow loch. It is separated from Loch Voil to the east by a small channel. The Loch can be reached by a small single track road from Balquhidder leading to Inverlochlarig.
Transition point
In the field of fluid dynamics  the point at which the boundary layer changes from laminar to turbulent is called the transition point. Where and how this transition occurs depends on the Reynolds number, the pressure gradient, pressure fluctuations due to sound, surface vibration, the initial turbulence level of the flow, boundary layer suction, surface heat flows, and surface roughness. The effects of a boundary layer turned turbulent are an increase in drag due to skin friction. As speed increases, the upper surface transition point tends to move forward. As the angle of attack increases, the upper surface transition point also tends to move forward.

Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, and also known as viscous force, is a force acting opposite to the direction of motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. This can exist between two fluid layers, or between a fluid and a solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity relative to the solid object in the fluid's path.

Unlike other resistive forces, drag force depends on velocity. Drag force is proportional to the relative velocity for low-speed flow and is proportional to the velocity squared for high-speed flow. This distinction between low and high-speed flow is measured by the Reynolds number.
Quesnelia edmundoi
Quesnelia edmundoi is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to Brazil. It was first described by Lyman Bradford Smith in 1851. It is found in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion only within Rio de Janeiro state, in southeastern Brazil.

Lyman Bradford Smith
Lyman Bradford Smith (September 11, 1904 – May 4, 1997) was an American botanist.

Smith was born in Winchester, Massachusetts. He studied botany during the 1920s at Harvard University and received his PhD from Harvard in 1930. Between 1928 and 1929, he worked for the first time in Brazil. Most of his life's work came to involve the taxonomy of the flowering plants of South America, in particular the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). Smith worked on the Bromeliaceae for the North American Flora published by the American botanist Nathaniel Lord Britton, volume 19, no. 2 (1938).  Smith was a world authority on Begoniaceae and also worked with Velloziaceae and numerous other plant families. He was a curator in the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Botany from 1947 until his retirement in 1974, but continued to work in the United States National Herbarium as an emeritus curator almost until his death in Manhattan, Kansas, in 1997.
Bukovje v Babni Gori
Bukovje v Babni Gori (pronounced [ˈbuːkɔu̯jɛ ʍ ˈbaːbni ˈɡɔːɾi]) is a small dispersed settlement in the Kozje region (Slovene: Kozjansko) in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah
The Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah (pronounced [ˈʃmaːɾjɛ pɾi ˈjeːlʃax]; Slovene: Občina Šmarje pri Jelšah) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Šmarje pri Jelšah. Šmarje pri Jelšah became a municipality in 1994.
Zulfugarov's madrasa
Zulfugarov's madrasa or Zulfuqarov's Mollakhana is a former madrasa and a historical and architectural monument located in the city of Shaki, Azerbaijan.

The building was included in the list of immovable historical and cultural monuments of local significance by Decision No. 338 of the Cabinet of Azerbaijan dated November 3, 2021.

Shaki, Azerbaijan
Shaki (Azerbaijani: Şəki, Azerbaijani pronunciation: [ʃæ'ki]) is a city in northwestern Azerbaijan, surrounded by the district of the same name. It is located in the southern part of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, 240 km (150 mi) from Baku. As of 2020, it has a population of 68,400. The center of the city and the Palace of Shaki Khans were inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019 because of their unique architecture and history as an important trading center along the Silk Road.
WASP-159
WASP-159 is a star located in the southern constellation Caelum, the chisel. It has an apparent magnitude of 12.84, making it readily visible in telescopes with an aperture of at least four inches, but not to the naked eye. The star is located relatively far at a distance of 2,380 light-years based on recent parallax measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, but it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 35.2 km/s.

WASP-159 has a stellar classification of F9 indicating that it is a late F-type star. It appears to be ceasing hydrogen fusion at its core and evolving towards the red giant branch.  It has 1.41 times the Sun's mass and 2.11 times the radius of the Sun. It radiates 4.674 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,120 K, giving it a whitish-yellow hue when viewed in a telescope. WASP-159 is metal enriched with an iron abundance 166% that of the Sun, and it is estimated to be 3.4 billion years old.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Tenania
Tenaniʻa (c. 1760–1814) also called Otihe or Ari'ipaea was a sovereign of the islands of Huahine and Mai'ao located among the Society Islands. He became a king in the 1790s after he deposed Teri'itaria I, his half-brother. He died under the name Ūtami on January 26, 1814, in Mo'orea ten days after his wife Iti'a.

Maiʻao
Maiʻao, also rendered as Maiao in languages other than Tahitian, is an 8.8 km2 (3.4 sq mi) island formation located 78 km (48 mi) southwest of Moʻorea and one of the Windward Islands (French: Îles du Vent) in French Polynesia.
Premiere (TV program)
Premiere is the first commercially sponsored television program to be broadcast in color. The program was a variety show which aired as a special presentation on June 25, 1951, on a five-city network hook-up of Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) television stations. Its airing was an initial step in CBS's brief and unsuccessful campaign to gain public acceptance of its field-sequential method of color broadcasting, which had recently been approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as the first commercial color television broadcasting standard for the United States.

Sponsor (commercial)
Sponsoring something (or someone) is the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. The individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor, is known as the sponsor.
David West (soccer)
David West is a retired American soccer goalkeeper who played professionally in the Continental Indoor Soccer League and National Professional Soccer League.

On December 15, 1989, the Memphis Rogues of the American Indoor Soccer Association signed West.  In 1990, Memphis moved to the Sunbelt Independent Soccer League.  During the 1991 Sunbelt Independent Soccer League season, West and fellow Memphis goalkeeper Daniel Gonzalez were the top rated goalkeeper combo.  In 1994, West played for the Houston Hotshots in the Continental Indoor Soccer League.  In 1995, he saw not playing time before being placed on the disabled list in August.  That fall, he moved to the Tampa Bay Terror of the National Professional Soccer League for one season.  In 1998, he played one game for the Dallas Sidekickes in the Premier Soccer Alliance.

Memphis Storm
The Memphis Storm was an American soccer team based in Memphis, Tennessee which existed from 1986 to 1994. They underwent several names changes including the Rogues, the Survivors, the United Express and finally the Jackals. They played in the American Indoor Soccer Association, and the Sunbelt Independent Soccer League, which later came to be known as the United States Interregional Soccer League.
Dongo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Dongo is a town in the Kungu territory of Sud-Ubangi province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Dongo was caught up in a conflict known as the Dongo conflict. During the conflict over 168,000 people fled their homes into other parts of the Congo Basin and neighboring Republic of the Congo. It lies on the northwestern border with the Republic of Congo, on the Oubangui river, in Equateur province.

Sud-Ubangi
Sud-Ubangi (French for "South Ubangi") is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. It lies in the northwest of the country on the Ubangi River.

Sud-Ubangi, Équateur, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, and Tshuapa provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Équateur province. Sud-Ubangi was formed from the Sud-Ubangi district and the independently administered city of Zongo.  The town of Gemena was elevated to capital city of the new province.

The 2020 population was estimated to be 2,987,100.
The Brandsma Review
The Brandsma Review was a bi-monthly magazine of conservative Catholic opinion in circulation in Ireland.  Its Ecclesiastical Latin masthead is Pro Vita, Pro Ecclesia Dei et Pro Hibernia 'for life, for the Church of God and for Ireland'.  It is called after the Dutch Carmelite priest-journalist Blessed Titus Brandsma, who lived in Ireland for a period in the 1930s and was subsequently martyred by the Nazis.

Titus Brandsma
Titus Brandsma OCarm (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtityz ˈbrɑntsmaː]; born Anno Sjoerd Brandsma; 23 February 1881 – 26 July 1942) was a Dutch Carmelite priest and a professor of philosophy. Brandsma was vehemently opposed to Nazi ideology and spoke out against it many times before World War II. He was imprisoned at the Dachau concentration camp, where he was murdered in 1942.

Brandsma was beatified by the Catholic Church in November 1985 as a martyr of the faith and canonized on 15 May 2022 by Pope Francis.
Piskorski
Piskorski is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Krzysztof Piskorski (born 1982), Polish writer

Mateusz Piskorski (born 1977), Polish far-right politician

Mikolaj Piskorski (born 1973), Polish academic

Paweł Piskorski (born 1968), Polish politician; mayor of Warsaw

Ronald F. Piskorski (born 1949), American Donna Lee Bakery murders perpetrator

Donna Lee Bakery murders
The Donna Lee Bakery murders occurred on the night of October 19, 1974, in New Britain, Connecticut, United States. Six people were found murdered inside the bakery. At the time, it was the worst mass murder in Connecticut history. Two local men were convicted of the murders: Ronald F. "Tiny" Piskorski, a 25‐year‐old former bar bouncer and circus‐bear wrestler, and Gary B. Schrager, a 31‐year‐old drifter.
Nadezhda Muravyova
Nadezhda Konstantinovna Muravyova (Russian: Надежда Константиновна Муравьёва is a Russian former team handball player and current coach. As a player she featured in the Russian women's national handball team.  She was born on June 30, 1980, in Bratsk, Russia. She won gold medals with the Russian team in the 2007 and 2009 World Championships. At the 2008 European Women's Handball Championship in North Macedonia, she received a bronze medal, where she was also named "Best Defense Player".

She also participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil, where the Russian team won sixth place.

She was  the assistant coach and head coach of CSKA Moscow.

2007 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2007 World Women's Handball Championship was the 18th edition of the international championship tournament in women's team sport handball that is governed by the International Handball Federation (IHF). France hosted the event from 2–16 December 2007. A total of 24 teams participated in the tournament. Russia successfully contested Norway in the final, regaining the title after having lost it at the 2005 final.
The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour
The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour is an American music and comedy television variety show that was hosted by singer Glen Campbell from January 29, 1969, to June 13, 1972, on CBS. He was offered the show after he hosted a 1968 summer replacement for The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour. Campbell used "Gentle on My Mind" as the theme song of the show.

The show was one of the few shows with rural audience appeal to survive CBS's so-called "rural purge" of 1971, a survival made more unusual because it had fallen out of the top 30 shows that season. Reruns of the show are in the library of free over-the-top (streaming) services Pluto TV and Shout! Factory TV.

Rural purge
The rural purge was the mass cancellation of rural-themed television programs by American networks, in particular CBS, that occurred in the early 1970s. The term was coined within the entertainment industry, although its exact source is unclear.

The majority of these cancellations occurred at the end of the 1970–71 television season. In addition to rural-themed shows such as Mayberry R.F.D., The Beverly Hillbillies, Petticoat Junction, Green Acres, and Hee Haw, the cancellations ended several highly rated variety shows that had been on CBS since the beginning of television broadcasting. CBS saw a dramatic change in direction with the shift, moving away from shows with rural themes and toward more appeal to urban and suburban audiences.
Jumbo Mountain
Jumbo Mountain is a 5,825-foot-elevation (1,775-meter) summit near the western edge of the North Cascades, in Snohomish County of Washington state. It is located four miles south of Darrington, Washington, along the Mountain Loop Highway. It is situated in the Boulder River Wilderness on land administered by the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. The mountain was named by miners for its resemblance to an elephant. The nearest higher peak is Buckeye Peak, 3.34 miles (5.38 km) to the west. Precipitation runoff from Jumbo Mountain drains into tributaries of the Stillaguamish River and Sauk River.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.