hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jannatabad, Buin Zahra
Jannatabad (Persian: جنت‌آباد, also Romanized as Jannatābād and Jennatābād) is a village in Zahray-ye Bala Rural District, in the Central District of Buin Zahra County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 205, in 41 families.

Qazvin province
Qazvin province (Persian: استان قزوین; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city of Qazvin as its capital.

The province was carved out of Tehran and Zanjan provinces in 1997. The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.
Lev Chugaev
Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev (Russian: Лев Алекса́ндрович Чуга́ев; 16 October 1873 – 26 September 1922) was a Russian chemist. At the height of his career, he was professor of chemistry at the University of Petersburg, being the successor to Dmitri Mendeleev.  He was active in the fields of inorganic chemistry, especially platinum group complexes, as well as organic chemistry.  He is also known as Leo Aleksandrovich Tschugaeff or Tschugaev.

Platinum group
The platinum-group metals (PGMs) are six noble, precious metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table. These elements are all transition metals in the d-block (groups 8, 9, and 10, periods 5 and 6).

The six platinum-group metals are ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. They have similar physical and chemical properties, and tend to occur together in the same mineral deposits. However, they can be further subdivided into the iridium-group platinum-group elements (IPGEs: Os, Ir, Ru) and the palladium-group platinum-group elements (PPGEs: Rh, Pt, Pd) based on their behaviour in geological systems.

The three elements above the platinum group in the periodic table (iron, nickel and cobalt) are all ferromagnetic; these, together with the lanthanide element gadolinium (at temperatures below 20 °C), are the only known transition metals that display ferromagnetism near room temperature.
Dalrymple baronets of High Mark (1815)
The Dalrymple baronetcy of High Mark was created on 6 March 1815, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom, for Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple, eldest son of John Dalrymple and grandson of Sir Hew Dalrymple, 1st Baronet of the 1698 creation. A general in the earlier stages of the Peninsular War, he had been required to retire after his negotiation of the Convention of Cintra; but he went through the subsequent enquiry keeping a promise to Lord Castlereagh not to reveal the full powers he had been given to conclude terms for a French retreat.

This title became extinct on the death of his son Sir Adolphus, 2nd Baronet, on 3 March 1866.

Convention of Cintra
The Convention of Cintra (or Sintra) was an agreement signed on 30 August 1808, during the Peninsular War. By the agreement, the defeated French were allowed to evacuate their troops from Portugal without further conflict. The convention was signed at the Palace of Queluz, in Queluz, Cintra, Estremadura.
Wilhelm Bergenthal
Franz Anton Wilhelm Bergenthal colloquially Wilhelm Bergenthal (4 February 1805 - 28 April 1893) was a German industrialist and politician. In 1834, he formed Bergenthal & Gabriel, a predecessor of Siepmann in Warstein. Additionally he served as president of IHK Arnsberg from 1878 to 1884.

Bergenthal unsuccessfully sought election to the Reichstag (North German Confederation) in March 1867 but lost election against Peter Reichensperger. He campaigned for seats in the 1878 German federal election and in a by-election to the Prussian House of Representatives in 1884, both times unsuccessfully.

Prussian House of Representatives
The Prussian House of Representatives (German: Preußisches Abgeordnetenhaus) was the lower chamber of the Landtag of Prussia (German: Preußischer Landtag), the parliament of Prussia from 1850 to 1918. Together with the upper house, the House of Lords (German: Preußisches Herrenhaus), it formed the Prussian bicameral legislature. The Prussian House of Representatives was established by the Prussian constitution of 5 December 1848, with members elected according to the three-class franchise. At first it was called simply the "Second Chamber," with the name "House of Representatives" (Abgeordnetenhaus) introduced in 1855.
Lin Laijiu
Lin Laijiu (born 29 April 1968) is a Chinese former backstroke  swimmer who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1992 Summer Olympics. He won a gold medal in the men's 100 metre backstroke at the 1990 Asian Games.

1990 Asian Games
The 1990 Asian Games, also known as the XI Asiad and the 11th Asian Games (第十一届亚洲运动会) or simply Beijing 1990 (北京1990), were held from September 22 to October 7, 1990, in Beijing, China. This was the first Asian Games held in China.

Along with the 1993 East Asian Games, this event served as a precursor to China's further development in the sporting arena, as before the city went on to bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics (losing to Sydney) and eventually won the bids for the 2001 Summer Universiade, the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics . In a fact with precedent, China dominated the games, grabbing 60% of the gold medals and 34% of the total medal count. China set a new record by becoming the first nation in the history of the Asian Games to cross the 100-gold medal mark and the 300-total medal mark in one edition.

This also marked Taiwan's first participation in the Asian Games as Chinese Taipei.
Lewis County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument
Lewis County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument is a historic American Civil War monument located at Lowville in Lewis County, New York. It was built in 1883 by Monumental Bronze Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut, and is constructed of sand-cast zinc.  It is 20 feet high and 78 inches square and consists of five parts: a three stepped base, a plinth, a tapered column, a capital, and on the top a soldier.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Shi Yuxiao
Shi Yuxiao (Chinese: 史玉孝; pinyin: Shǐ Yùxiào; 11 April 1933 – 12 February 2005) was a general (shangjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was a member of the 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress and a delegate to the 10th National People's Congress.

10th National People's Congress
The 10th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 2003 to 2008. It held five plenary sessions in this period. There were 2,984 deputies to this Congress. It succeeded the 9th National People's Congress.
Helgi the Sharp (Ringerike)
In Ragnarssona þáttr, Helgi the Sharp, prince of Ringerike (Old Norse: Helgi Hvassi) was a grandson of king Ring II of Ringerike and the brother of Guðrøðr, the king of Ringerike and they lived in the 9th century.

Ragnar Lodbrok's sons Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, Björn Ironside and Hvitserk had raided in France and after Björn had gone home to Sweden, his brothers were attacked by emperor Arnulf of Carinthia. In the battle 100,000 Danes and Norwegians fell, including Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye and king Guðrøðr.

Helgi escaped from the battle with Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye's banner, sword and shield. He went to Denmark and informed Sigurd's mother Aslaug of her loss. Since the next king, Harthacnut, was still too young to rule, Helgi stayed in Denmark as its regent. There, Helgi married Harthacanute's twin sister, also named Aslaug, and they had the son Sigurd Hart.

Arnulf of Carinthia
Arnulf of Carinthia (c. 850 – 8 December 899) was the duke of Carinthia who overthrew his uncle Emperor Charles the Fat to become the Carolingian king of East Francia from 887, the disputed king of Italy from 894, and the disputed emperor from 22 February 896 until his rival Lambert's death in late 898. He died on 8 December 899 at Ratisbon just a year later, in Bavaria. He was the last member of the Carolingian dynasty from the male line to rule in Italy as both King and Emperor, despite his rule being contested by his rivals Lambert of Italy and his cousin Berengar I of Italy.
Athletes from Kuwait at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Athletes from Kuwait participated in the 2011 Asian Winter Games in Almaty and Astana, Kazakhstan from January 30, 2011 to February 6, 2011. These athletes competed under the Olympic flag because the Kuwait Olympic Committee had been suspended by the International Olympic Committee in January 2010.

2011 Asian Winter Games
The 2011 Asian Winter Games (Kazakh: 2011 жылғы қысқы Азия ойындары, romanized: 2011 jılğı qısqı Azïya oyındarı; Russian: Зимние Азиатские игры 2011 года, romanized: Zimniye Aziatskiye igry 2011 goda), also known as Astana-Almaty 2011 (Kazakh: Астана-Алматы 2011), were a continental winter multi-sport event held from January 30 to February 6, 2011 in Astana and Almaty, Kazakhstan. It was the first time that Kazakhstan hosted such a large event since independence from the Soviet Union. The documents for the hosting city were signed in Kuwait on March 4, 2006.
Lake Beechey
Lake Beechey (sometimes Beechey Lake) is a lake in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is a long, narrow, lake-expansion of the Back River.  It is part of the western Canadian Precambrian Shield. It contains a few unnamed islands.

Historically, Lake Beechey was the southernmost territory of Copper Inuit.

The first European to explore the lake was George Back and named by Sir John Franklin in honour of Frederick William Beechey.

John Franklin
Rear-Admiral Sir John Franklin KCH FRS FLS FRGS (16 April 1786 – 11 June 1847) was a British Royal Navy officer, explorer and colonial administrator. After serving in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812, he led two expeditions into the Canadian Arctic and through the islands of the Arctic Archipelago, during the Coppermine expedition of 1819 and the Mackenzie River expedition of 1825, and served as Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land from 1837 to 1843. During his third and final expedition, an attempt to traverse the Northwest Passage in 1845, Franklin's ships became icebound off King William Island in what is now Nunavut, where he died in June 1847. The icebound ships were abandoned ten months later, and the entire crew died from causes such as starvation, hypothermia, and scurvy.
Mason Fitch Cogswell
Mason Fitch Cogswell (1761–1830) was an American physician who pioneered education for the deaf. Cogwell's daughter, Alice Cogswell, was deaf after the age of two, prompting Cogswell to jointly establish the American School for the Deaf in Hartford, Connecticut.

Deaf education
Deaf education is the education of students with any degree of hearing loss or deafness. This may involve, but does not always, individually-planned, systematically-monitored teaching methods, adaptive materials, accessible settings, and other interventions designed to help students achieve a higher level of self-sufficiency and success in the school and community than they would achieve with a typical classroom education. There are different language modalities used in educational setting where students get varied communication methods. A number of countries focus on training teachers to teach deaf students with a variety of approaches and have organizations to support and advocate for deaf students.
Iranian rock
Iranian rock (also known as Rocka red) refers to rock music produced by Iranian artists. Rock music has been popular in Iran since 1960s, with the emergence of singers such as Kourosh Yaghmaei, Farhad Mehrad, Fereydoon Foroughi and Habib Mohebian, but was largely forgotten after the Iranian Revolution. Like most rock styles, electric guitar and bass guitar and drums are the main instruments in this type of music. In some groups, keyboard and piano are very important.

Iranian rock music is influenced by English rock, American rock and European styles. Because of the Iranian performers of this music, various types of Iranian rhythms and tones in this genre are separated from other rock genres. Iranian rock was banned after the Islamic revolution of 1979, and apart from a small number of artists, this style of music still has many problems in Iran.

Ebi
Ebrahim Hamedi (Persian: ابراهیم حامدی, romanized: Ebrāhim Hāmedi; born 19 June 1949), better known by his stage name Ebi (ابی), is an Iranian pop singer who first started his career in Tehran and Karaj, gaining fame as part of a band, and later as a solo performer. He moved to Los Angeles in 1977, two years before the 1979 revolution in Iran, and continued his career in exile. Over 50 years; Ebi has released nearly 200 singles and over 30 albums.
Hervás (surname)
Hervás is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francisco Hervás  (born in 1962), volleyballer

Francisco Hervás (born 1981), swimmer

Javier Hervás (born 1989), Spanish footballer

Lorenzo Hervás y Panduro (1735–1809), Spanish Jesuit and philologist

Manu Hervás (born 1986), Spanish footballer

Manu Hervás
Manuel 'Manu' Hernández-Sonseca Hervás (born 6 June 1986) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a defensive midfielder, and the current assistant manager of Swiss Challenge League club Lausanne-Sport.
Esmé Frances Hennessy
Esmé Frances Franklin Hennessy (30 August 1933 – 20 May 2023) was a South African botanist, botanical illustrator, and author. She specialised in taxonomic botany. She wrote and illustrated South African Erythrinas (1972), Orchids of Africa (1961) with Joyce Stewart, The Slipper Orchids (1989) with Tessa Hedge, and created many of the descriptions and plates in Flowering Plants of Africa as well as numerous private collections.

University of Natal
The University of Natal was a university in the former South African province Natal which later became KwaZulu-Natal. The University of Natal no longer exists as a distinct legal entity, as it was incorporated into the University of KwaZulu-Natal on 1 January 2004. It was founded in 1910 as the Natal University College in Pietermaritzburg and expanded to include a campus in Durban in 1931. In 1947, the university opened a medical school for non-white students in Durban. The Pietermaritzburg campus was known for its agricultural engineering programmes, hence the nickname "the farmers" whilst the Durban campus was known as "the engineers," as it concentrated on other engineering programmes.

On 1 January 2004, the University of Natal was merged with the University of Durban-Westville to create a new legal entity called the University of KwaZulu-Natal, as part of a broader reorganisation of South African universities.
Canton of Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin
The canton of Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin is an administrative division of the Savoie department, southeastern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin.

It consists of the following communes:

Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Savoie
Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin (French pronunciation: [lə pɔ̃ də bovwazɛ̃]; Savoyard: Pon) is a  commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. It lies on the right bank of the Guiers, opposite Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin in Isère. Merchant, financier and politician Emmanuel Crétet was born here in 1747.
Cliovis
ClioVis is a visualization tool enabling users to create interactive timelines and story-maps for teaching and research.  Cliovis derives its name from Clio, the Greek muse of history, and Vis for visualization.  According to UT Austin president Jay Hartzell, ClioVis is an example of new pedagogic approaches that are “immersive, collaborative and hands-on” in the 21st century.  Cliovis was started in 2018 by Dr. Erika Bsumek and Dr. Matthew O’Hair.  The software was originally developed in collaboration between Dr. Bsumek, the University of Texas at Austin's Simulation and Game Applications (SAGA) lab and with funding from the UT Provost's Teaching Fellowship as well as UT's the College of Liberal Arts.  In 2020, Cliovis received an Editor's Choice designation from Digital Humanities Now. Cliovis has also been named a Critical Literacy Technology by The University of Texas System.

Clio
In Greek mythology, Clio (traditionally /ˈklaɪoʊ/, but now more frequently /ˈkliːoʊ/; Greek: Κλειώ), also spelled Kleio, Cleio, or Cleo, is the muse of history, or in a few mythological accounts, the muse of lyre-playing.
Tomislav Zografski
Tomislav Zografski (Macedonian: Томислав Зографски, 29 March 1934 – 14 January 2000) was a Macedonian composer and music pedagogue who also wrote music for film and television. His neoclassical language played a key part in the journey of Macedonian music toward the postmodern era. Zografski's musical language was not archetypal of neoclassical folklore-inspired pastiche but instead more the result of him venturing into the examination and development of more exemplar traditional repertoire in a way that was unconventional and compelling and which retained transformed elements from an earlier period.

Zografski was born in Veles, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now Macedonia) on 29 March 1934.  He studied music at Skopje Music School and Belgrade Music School and composition at the Music Academy in Belgrade. In 1967 he became professor at the faculty of music at Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje.

Veles, North Macedonia
Veles (Macedonian: Велес [ˈvɛlɛs] ⓘ) is a city in the central part of North Macedonia on the Vardar river. The city of Veles is the seat of Veles Municipality. Veles is the seventh largest Macedonian city with a total population of 40,664 (census 2021). The largest cities in the proximity of Veles are: Skopje – the capital and the largest city of North Macedonia – 54 km in the northwest direction, Štip 43 km to the east, Sveti Nikole 34 km to the northeast, Prilep 79 km in the southwest direction, and Kavadarci and Negotino 43 km and 40 km respectively to the southeast. Veles is on the crossroad of important international road and rail lines. For all these reasons, Veles is considered to have a good geolocation within North Macedonia.
Waikato Students' Union
The Waikato Students' Union, also known as the WSU, is the official student association at the University of Waikato, New Zealand. The WSU was established in the mid 1970s, as a result of a merger between an existing Students' Association and the Teaching Student Association. The WSU assist students in several important ways, including student advocacy, student engagement, and student voice. They support and fund 85+ clubs over the university's 2 campuses.

In 1998, the WSU was the first students' union in New Zealand to adopt a voluntary membership scheme. In 2000, students voted to reinstate compulsory membership.

The WSU funds the student magazine Nexus.

Student voice
Student voice is the individual and collective perspective and actions of students within the context of learning and education. It is identified in schools as both a metaphorical practice and as a pragmatic concern. Tech educator Dennis Harper noted that student voice gives students "the ability to influence learning to include policies, programs, contexts and principles."
V. Hangkhanlian
V. Hangkhanlian is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Manipur Legislative Assembly from Churachandpur in the 2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a Minister of Agriculture, Veterinary and Animal Husbandry in N. Biren Singh cabinet from March 2017 to September 2020.

2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election
A Legislative Assembly election was held in Manipur on 4 March and 8 March 2017 to elect the 60 members of the Manipur Legislative Assembly. before the expiration of the term of the previous Assembly on 18 March 2017. 
The election was fought mainly on the issues of "territorial integrity of Manipur" and the Naga peace accord.
The incumbent Indian National Congress lost majority. The Bharatiya Janata Party, which won 21 seats, formed the government with the support of allies.
Nuclear emulsion
A nuclear emulsion plate is a type of particle detector first used in nuclear and particle physics experiments in the early decades of the 20th century.  It is a modified form of photographic plate that can be used to record and investigate fast charged particles like alpha-particles,  nucleons, leptons or mesons. After exposing and developing the emulsion, single particle tracks can be observed and measured using a microscope.

Silver halide
A silver halide (or silver salt) is one of the chemical compounds that can form between the element silver (Ag) and one of the halogens. In particular, bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I) and fluorine (F) may each combine with silver to produce silver bromide (AgBr), silver chloride (AgCl), silver iodide (AgI), and four forms of silver fluoride, respectively.

As a group, they are often referred to as the silver halides, and are often given the pseudo-chemical notation AgX. Although most silver halides involve silver atoms with oxidation states of +1 (Ag+), silver halides in which the silver atoms have oxidation states of +2 (Ag2+) are known, of which silver(II) fluoride is the only known stable one.

Silver halides are light-sensitive chemicals, and are commonly used in photographic film and paper.
Joe Douglas (American football)
Joe Douglas (born July 20, 1976) is an American professional football executive who currently serves as the senior personnel director for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). Douglas served as the general manager of the New York Jets of the NFL from 2019 to 2024. Prior his Jets stint, Douglas was a longtime scout with the Baltimore Ravens and senior executive with the Chicago Bears and Eagles.

General manager (American football)
A general manager (GM) in American football is a sports management executive that typically oversees rosters and contracts for a team. GMs answer directly to the team's owner in such an organizational model and are viewed as the team's most senior position in football operations. Notable National Football League (NFL) general managers include Tex Schramm, Bill Polian, Ron Wolf, Bobby Beathard, Gil Brandt, and George Young.
Mărcușa
The Mărcușa (also: Cernat) is a right tributary of the Râul Negru in Romania. It flows into the Râul Negru between the villages Mărcușa and Surcea. Its length is 24 km (15 mi) and its basin size is 89 km2 (34 sq mi).

Catalina, Covasna
Catalina (Hungarian: Szentkatolna, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈsɛntkɒtolnɒ]) is a commune in Covasna County, Transylvania, Romania, composed of five villages: Catalina, Hătuica (Hatolyka), Imeni (Imecsfalva), Mărcușa (Kézdimárkosfalva), and Mărtineni (Kézdimártonfalva).