hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Las Palmas Naval Base
Las Palmas Naval Base, also known as Arsenal of Las Palmas, is a military base and arsenal of the Spanish Navy located in the city of Las Palmas, Spain. It is the largest military base of the Spanish Navy on the African continent.

Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.
Dawn (1928 film)
Dawn is a 1928 British silent war film directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Sybil Thorndike, Gordon Craig, and Marie Ault. It was produced by Wilcox for his British & Dominions Film Corporation. The film was made at Cricklewood Studios with sets designed by Clifford Pember.

Based on a play by Reginald Berkeley, this film tells the story of World War I martyr Edith Cavell. Sybil Thorndike stars as Cavell, a nurse who risked her own life by rescuing British prisoners of war from the Germans. When Cavell was captured and sentenced to be executed, it sparked international outrage, even from neutral nations.

Reginald Berkeley
Reginald Cheyne Berkeley MC (18 August 1890 – 30 March 1935) was a Liberal Party politician in the United Kingdom, and later a writer of stage and radio plays, then a screenwriter in Hollywood. He had trained as a lawyer. He died in Los Angeles from pneumonia after an operation.

His son Humphry Berkeley was a Conservative MP in the United Kingdom.
Pär Hallström
Pär Hallström (born 7 May 1947) is a Swedish legal writer and professor emeritus of Law at Umeå University. He graduated from Pantheon-Sorbonne University with a Diplôme d'Etudes Supérieures and holds a doctorate in law from Stockholm University.

Hallström introduced EC constitutional law in Sweden with his work Europeisk Gemenskap och politisk union (European Community and Political Union), 1987, and WTO-law with his book The GATT Panels and the Formation of International Trade Law, 1994.

Hallström's partial bibliography can be found in the Festschrift Festskrift till Pär Hallström (Uppsala 2012).

Stockholm University
Stockholm University (SU) (Swedish: Stockholms universitet) is a public research university in Stockholm, Sweden, founded as a college in 1878, with university status since 1960. With over 33,000 students at four different faculties: law, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, it is one of the largest universities in Scandinavia.

Stockholm University was granted university status in 1960, making it the fourth oldest Swedish university. As with other public universities in Sweden, Stockholm University's mission includes teaching and research anchored in society at large.
Kushneria pakistanensis
Kushneria pakistanensis is a Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, rod-shaped and motile  bacterium from the genus Kushneria which has been isolated from the rhizosphere of the grass Saccharum spontaneum from the Karak district in Pakistan.

Saccharum spontaneum
Saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane, kans grass) is a grass native throughout much of tropical and subtropical Asia, northern Australia, and eastern and northern Africa. It is a perennial grass, growing up to three meters in height, with spreading rhizomatous roots.

The plant has hybridized with Saccharum officinarum, a domesticated sugarcane. The hybridization has produced Saccharum barberi and Saccharum sinense.
Dana Gartzke
Dana Gartzke is an American political advisor and government official serving as the acting Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development. Gartzke succeeded John Fleming, who left the Department of Commerce to take a role in the White House Office.

Dave Weldon
David Joseph Weldon (born August 31, 1953) is an American physician and former politician who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida's 15th congressional district from 1995 to 2009. A practicing internal medicine doctor prior to entering public office, Weldon was active in Congress on issues related to space policy, veterans’ health, and biomedical research funding. He served on the House Appropriations Committee and was active in shaping NASA and Department of Defense priorities during his tenure, particularly related to the Kennedy Space Center and the broader Space Coast region.

Following his retirement from Congress, Weldon continued to engage in public policy, medical advocacy, and nonprofit work, including serving as chairman of the Israel Allies Foundation. He also returned to practicing medicine and took on teaching and advisory roles at Florida Institute of Technology, where he donated his congressional archives.
Microfiltration
Microfiltration is a type of physical filtration process where a contaminated fluid is passed through a special pore-sized membrane filter to separate microorganisms and suspended particles from process liquid. It is commonly used in conjunction with various other separation processes such as ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis to provide a product stream which is free of undesired contaminants.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
Sur Empire
The Sur Empire was an empire ruled by the Afghan-origin Sur dynasty in northern India for nearly 16 or 18 years, between 1538/1540 and 1556, with Sasaram (in modern-day Bihar) serving as its capital. It was founded by Sher Shah Suri.

The Sur dynasty held control of nearly all the Mughal Empire territories along the Indo-Gangetic Plain, from eastern Balochistan in the west of Indus River to modern-day Rakhine, Myanmar in the east. Even as Sher Shah Suri consolidated his power over North India, Eastern India was still considered to be the seat of Sur power in India. This is demonstrated by the fact that 8 of the 16 silver mint cities he established were in the region between Chunar and Fathabad.

Indo-Gangetic Plain
The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the North Indian Plain or the Indus-Gangetic Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km2 (270,000 sq mi) across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh. It is named after the two major river systems that drain the region–Indus and Ganges.

It stretches from the Himalayas in the north to the northern edge of the Deccan Plateau in the south, and extends from North East India in the east to the Iranian border in the west. The region is home to many major cities and nearly one-seventh of the world's population. As the region was formed by the deposits of the three major rivers–Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra, the plains consist of the world's largest expanse of uninterrupted alluvium. Due to its rich water resources, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas.
Scheduled monuments in Suffolk
There are 402 scheduled monuments in the county of Suffolk, England. These protected sites date in some cases from the Neolithic period, and include stone circles, ruined abbeys, castles, an Anglo-Saxon ship burial windmills.
In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites and historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.

Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979
The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 (c. 46) (abbreviated AMAAA) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the latest in a series of Ancient Monument Acts legislating to protect the archaeological heritage of England, Wales, and Scotland. Northern Ireland has its own legislation.

The law is administered in England by Historic England and the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, in Scotland by Historic Environment Scotland and formerly by Cadw in Wales.
Delmadinone
Delmadinone (INN) is a steroidal progestin which was never marketed. An acylated derivative, delmadinone acetate, is used in veterinary medicine.

While delmadinone is sometimes used as a synonym for delmadinone acetate, it usually refers to delmadinone acetate, not delmadinone.

Acetyl group
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.

An acetyl group contains a methyl group (−CH3) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl (C=O), making it an acyl group. The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R) of the molecule.

The acetyl moiety is a component of many organic compounds, including acetic acid, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, acetyl-CoA, acetylcysteine, acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol), and acetylsalicylic acid (also known as aspirin).
Alex Jordan
Alexander Elliott Jordan (born 30 July 1990) is an English actor, impressionist and streamer, best known for his video game acting roles as one of two male voices for the customizable player character called Rook in Dragon Age: The Veilguard, Mr. Hands in Cyberpunk 2077: Phantom Liberty, the sex noises in Baldur's Gate 3, and as all 11 versions of Jan Dolski in The Alters.

Jordan also currently stars as I the Kobold Rogue in the Dungeons & Dragons actual play series Natural Six both live and on YouTube.

Cyberpunk 2077: Phantom Liberty
Cyberpunk 2077: Phantom Liberty (Polish: Cyberpunk 2077: Widmo Wolności) is a 2023 expansion pack for the 2020 video game Cyberpunk 2077 developed by CD Projekt Red. The expansion introduces a new district to the game's open world, as well as a new quest line. In a dystopian cyberpunk setting, the player assumes the role of V, a mercenary who must rescue the President of the New United States after her aircraft crashes in the lawless district of Dogtown. It was released for PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S, and Windows in September 2023, for Nintendo Switch 2 in June 2025, and for macOS in July 2025. The expansion received critical acclaim and is credited with renewing interest in Cyberpunk 2077. It has sold more than 10 million copies since release.
Guinea at the 2019 African Games
Guinea competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. In total, two bronze medals were won and the country finished in 38th place in the medal table, shared with Benin and Togo.

2019 African Games
The 12th African Games (Arabic: الألعاب الإفريقية الثانية عشرة), also known as Rabat 2019 (Arabic: الرباط 2019), were held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. This was the first time that the African Games were hosted by Morocco following the country's readmission to the African Union in January 2017.

Later five Egyptian athletes (Abderrahmane Al Sayed, Ibrahim Moustafa, Samar Hossein, Sara Ahmed Samir, Farag Salma) were disqualified due to anti-doping violations.
Salah Boubnider
Salah Boubnider (1929 – 27 May 2005) was an Algerian National Liberation Army colonel who was among the first to join the fight for independence. He was born in 1929 in Oued Zenati and died on 27 May 2005. He was a supporter of democracy and pluralism and opposed extremist Islamism.

National Liberation Army (Algeria)
The National Liberation Army or ALN (Arabic: جيش التحرير الوطني الجزائري, romanized: Jaīš al-taḥrīr al-waṭanī al-jazāʾirī; French: Armée de libération nationale) was the armed wing of the nationalist National Liberation Front of Algeria during the Algerian War. After Algeria won its independence from France in 1962, the ALN was converted into the regular Algerian People's National Armed Forces.
40th Cabinet of Kuwait
The Cabinet of Kuwait is the chief executive body of the State of Kuwait. The 40th cabinet in the history of Kuwait was appointed on 1 August 2022. On 24 July 2022, Amir of Kuwait His Highness Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah assigned His Highness Sheikh Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah as Prime Minister. The Amir has also assigned the Prime Minister to refer the cabinet line-up for their appointment. On 1 August 2022, the new cabinet line-up was announced after the Amir approved in an Amiri order. On 2 October 2022, the Prime Minister tendered a letter of governmental resignation to the Crown Prince. The government will function as care-taker until the formation of the new government.

Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (Arabic: نَوَّاف الأَحمَد الْجَابِر الصَّباح, romanized: Nawwāf al-ʾAḥmad al-Jābir aṣ-Ṣabāḥ; 25 June 1937 – 16 December 2023) was Emir of Kuwait from 2020 until his death in 2023.

He was minister of interior (1978–1988, 2003–2006), minister of defense (1988–1991) and deputy prime minister (2020–2023). Nawaf was nominated as crown prince on 7 February 2006, during the reign of his half-brother Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. During his three-year rule as emir, he grappled with internal political disputes.
Michael Chowdry
Michael A. Chowdry (1954 – January 24, 2001) was a Pakistani-American businessman who became the founder of American-based cargo carrier Atlas Air in 1992. He was on the Forbes 400 list with a net worth of $920 million, ranked among the richest American businessmen of Pakistani heritage before his death in a plane crash in 2001.

Forbes 400
The Forbes 400 or 400 Richest Americans is a list published by Forbes magazine of the wealthiest 400 American citizens who own assets in the U.S., ranked by net worth. The 400 was started by Malcolm Forbes in 1982 and the list is published annually around September. Peter W. Bernstein and Annalyn Swan describe the Forbes 400 as capturing "a period of extraordinary individual and entrepreneurial energy, a time unlike the extended postwar years, from 1945 to 1982, when American society emphasized the power of corporations." Bernstein and Swan also describe it as representing "a powerful argument – and sometimes a dream – about the social value of wealth in contemporary America."

Since 2014, Forbes has published a "self-made score" alongside the list, indicating the degree to which each Forbes 400 member is responsible for their own wealth.
Ezio (Mysliveček, 1775)
Ezio is an eighteenth-century Italian opera in 3 acts by the Czech composer Josef Mysliveček.  It was the composer's first setting of a libretto by the Italian poet Metastasio that was first performed with music by Pietro Auletta in 1728, one of the most popular of the Metastasian librettos in Mysliveček's day. The story is based on incidents from the lives of the 5th-century Roman emperor Valentinian III and his general Aetius. For a performance in the 1770s, it would only be expected that a libretto of such age would be abbreviated and altered to suit contemporary operatic taste.  The cuts and changes in the text made for the 1775 performance of Mysliveček's opera are not attributable.  All of Mysliveček's operas are of the serious type in Italian language referred to as opera seria.

Josef Mysliveček
Josef Mysliveček (9 March 1737 – 4 February 1781) was a Czech composer. He contributed to the formation of late eighteenth-century classicism in music. Mysliveček provided his younger friend Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with significant compositional models in the genres of symphony, Italian serious opera, and violin concerto; both Wolfgang and his father Leopold Mozart considered him an intimate friend from the time of their first meetings in Bologna in 1770 until he betrayed their trust over the promise of an operatic commission for Wolfgang to be arranged with the management of the Teatro San Carlo in Naples. His closeness to the Mozart family resulted in frequent references to him in the Mozart correspondence.
Fridtjof Island
Fridtjof Island is an island lying 2.4 km (1.5 mi) northeast of Vázquez Island, off the southeast side of Wiencke Island in the Palmer Archipelago. It was discovered and named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Gerlache, 1897–99. It is among several islands charted and named by this expedition in 1898, before their ship crossed the Antarctic Circle on 15 February.

Belgian Antarctic Expedition
The Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899 was the first expedition to winter in the Antarctic region. Led by Adrien de Gerlache de Gomery aboard the RV Belgica, it was the first Belgian Antarctic expedition and is considered the first expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Among its members were Frederick Cook and Roald Amundsen, explorers who would later attempt the respective conquests of the North and South Poles.
Your Face Sounds Familiar (Mongolian TV series)
Yag Tuun Shig (Mongolian: Яг түүн шиг) is a Mongolian talent show based on the Spanish series Your Face Sounds Familiar. The show debuted on 8 May 2016 on Edutainment TV and its first season ended in June 2016.

The second season started on 2 April 2017 on Edutainment TV, and concluded on June 4, 2017. Barkhuu Turbat was announced as the winner of the second season. The show announced its cast for the third season via social media. The third season of Yg Tuun Shig premiered on May 6, 2018, with changes on judging panel. The judge from the first season and the finalist of season two of Yag Tuun Shig, Gankhuu Gendendaram, has returned as a judge for the third season. The previous judges, Onon Nanjid and Naranzun Badar-Uugan, have replaced by season-one runner-up, singer Amarkhuu Borkuu and the show's guest judge from previous two seasons, singer Oyunbileg Khandjav.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Solomeo
Solomeo is a frazione of the comune of Corciano in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 273 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 436 inhabitants and is found about 9 km south of the city of Corciano. The village is centered mainly on the hill top and the surrounding plain below is irrigated by the waters of the stream Caina.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery
The Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery (French: Cimetière militaire canadien de Bény-sur-Mer) is a burial ground containing predominantly Canadian soldiers killed during the early stages of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War. It is located in, and named after, Bény-sur-Mer, in the Calvados department, near Caen, in lower Normandy. As is typical of war cemeteries in France, the grounds are landscaped and kept. Contained within the cemetery is a cross of sacrifice, a monument typical of memorials designed by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

Canadian soldiers killed later, in the Battle of Normandy, are buried south-east of Caen, in the Bretteville-sur-Laize Canadian War Cemetery, located in Cintheaux.

Cross of Sacrifice
The Cross of Sacrifice is a Commonwealth war memorial designed in 1918 by Sir Reginald Blomfield for the Imperial War Graves Commission (now the Commonwealth War Graves Commission). It is present in Commonwealth war cemeteries containing 40 or more graves. Its shape is an elongated Latin cross with proportions more typical of the Celtic cross, with the shaft and crossarm octagonal in section. It ranges in height from 18 to 24 feet (5.5 to 7.3 m). A bronze longsword, blade down, is affixed to the front of the cross (and sometimes to the back as well). It is usually mounted on an octagonal base. It may be freestanding or incorporated into other cemetery features. The Cross of Sacrifice is widely praised, widely imitated, and the archetypal British war memorial. It is the most imitated of Commonwealth war memorials, and duplicates and imitations have been used around the world.
Staples v. United States
Staples v. United States, 511 U.S. 600 (1994), was a case where the United States Supreme Court ruled that the crime of possessing an unregistered machine gun requires knowledge that the firearm is a machine gun under the National Firearms Act.

National Firearms Act
The National Firearms Act (NFA), 73rd Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 757, 48 Stat. 1236 was enacted on June 26, 1934, and currently codified and amended as I.R.C. ch. 53. The law is an Act of Congress in the United States that, in general, imposes an excise tax on the manufacture and transfer of certain firearms and mandates the registration of those firearms. The NFA is also referred to as Title II of the federal firearms laws, with the Gun Control Act of 1968 ("GCA") as Title I.

All transfers of ownership of registered NFA firearms must be done through the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record (the "NFA registry"). The NFA also requires that the permanent transport of NFA firearms across state lines by the owner must be reported to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). Temporary transports of some items, most notably suppressors (also referred to as silencers), do not need to be reported.
European Communication Research and Education Association
The European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA) is a scholarly association focused on the study of media, telecommunications, and informatics, including relevant approaches from the human and social sciences. It strives to promote the quality of communication research and teaching in higher education across Europe. For 2024, ECREA has more than 3,700 members. Currently, ECREA's legal seat is located in Brussels, Belgium. ECREA is similar in nature to other learned societies such as the International Communication Association (ICA) and the International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR).

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.