hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Colquhoun
William Colquhoun (December 23, 1814 – September 2, 1898) was an Ontario businessman and political figure. He represented Stormont in the 1st Parliament of Ontario.

He was born in Charlottenburgh, Upper Canada in 1814. He settled at Dickinson's Landing where he was postmaster from 1841 to 1863 and operated a general store. He was the first treasurer for Osnabruck Township and later served as reeve for the township. In 1855, he was elected warden of the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry. He was re-elected in Stormont in 1871, but his election was overturned on appeal and he lost (but was victorious) the subsequent by-election in 1872.

He moved to Cornwall, Ontario in 1876, where he was mayor from 1881 to 1883 and also served as justice of the peace.

United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
The United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry (SDG) is a county and census division in the Canadian province of Ontario, that comprises three historical counties. The county's administrative office is located within the City of Cornwall, which, together with the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne, is geographically within the county but administered independently.

The United Counties of SDG borders Quebec to the east and New York in the United States to the south. The sovereign Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne straddles both borders, thus including territory partly within Ontario, Quebec and New York.
Olancho Department
Olancho is the largest of all the 18 departments into which Honduras is divided. The department covers a total surface area of 24,057 km2 (9,288 sq mi) and has an estimated 2015 population of 537,306 inhabitants.

The departmental capital is Juticalpa, which is also the see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Juticalpa, which covers the department.

Lenca
The Lenca are an Indigenous people from present day southwest Honduras and eastern El Salvador in Central America. They historically spoke various dialects of the Lencan languages such as Chilanga, Putun (Potón), and Kotik, but today are mostly native speakers of Spanish. In Honduras, the Lenca are the largest tribal group, with an estimated population of more than 450,000.
1991 Australian Men's Hardcourt Championships – Singles
Thomas Muster was the defending champion of the singles event at the Australian Men's Hardcourt Championships tennis tournament, but did not participate this year.

Nicklas Kulti defeated Michael Stich 6–3, 1–6, 6–2 to secure the title.

Michael Stich
Michael Detlef Stich (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪçaʔeːl ˈʃtɪç] ⓘ; born 18 October 1968) is a German former professional tennis player. He was ranked world No. 2 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), achieved in 1993, and No. 9 in men's doubles, achieved in 1991. Stich won 18 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including the 1991 Wimbledon Championships, as well as the 1993 ATP Tour World Championships and the 1992 Grand Slam Cup. He also won ten doubles titles, including the men's doubles title at the 1992 Wimbledon Championships, partnering John McEnroe, and the gold medal in men's doubles 1992 Barcelona Olympics, partnering Boris Becker. Stich was part of the victorious German team at the 1993 Davis Cup, and was also the singles runner-up at the 1994 US Open and the 1996 French Open.
Dénes Pócsik
Dénes Pócsik (9 March 1940 in Kunágota – 20 November 2004 in Eger) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics, in the 1968 Summer Olympics, and in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

Eger
Eger (UK: /ˈɛɡər/ EG-ər, US: /ˈeɪɡər/ AY-gər; Hungarian: [ˈɛɡɛr] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is the county seat of Heves County, and the second largest city in Northern Hungary (after Miskolc). A city with county rights, Eger is best known for its medieval castle, thermal baths, baroque buildings, the northernmost Ottoman minaret, and red wines. Its population of around 53,000 (2017) makes it the 19th largest centre of population in Hungary, according to the census. The town is located on the Eger Stream (a tributary of the Tisza river), on the hills between the Mátra and Bükk mountains. The main campus of Eszterházy Károly Catholic University is in Eger.
Dresbach–Hunt–Boyer House
The Dresbach–Hunt–Boyer House is a historic house located at 604 2nd Street in Davis, California. Built in the early 1870s, the house is the only extant example of a Stick style Italianate house in Davis. The house's design features wood siding, a cornice with decorative brackets, a front porch topped by a balustrade, and a three-sided bay on the right side of the front facade. William Dresbach, the home's first owner, was a wealthy local merchant who served as Davis' first postmaster. Dresbach lost the house to bankruptcy in 1879, and the house passed through two owners before Frank Hunt purchased it in 1899. Hunt's brother John moved into the home in 1902; after 1920, his daughter Mary Boyer owned the home until her death in 1973.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 13, 1976.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.
Akita (dog breed)
The Akita Inu (秋田犬, Akita Inu, Akita Ken; Japanese pronunciation: [a.kʲi̥.ta(ꜜ) i.nɯ, -ta.keɴ]) is a Japanese dog breed of large size. Originating from the mountains of northern Japan, the Akita has a short double coat similar to that of many other northern spitz breeds. The breed traces its roots to the Matagi Inu, a chūgata ken (medium-sized dog) historically used by the Matagi—traditional hunters of the Tōhoku region—for tracking and subduing large game such as tsukinowaguma (Japanese black bear), inoshishi (wild boar) and kamoshika (Japanese serow) in snow-covered mountain terrain.

The Akita is a powerful, dominant, and loyal breed, commonly aloof with strangers, but affectionate and deeply loyal to its family. As a breed, Akitas are generally hardy. However, it is subject to debate as to whether the Akita strains are distinct, or if they constitute one breed.

Japan Kennel Club
The Japan Kennel Club (ジャパンケネルクラブ) is the primary registry body for purebred dog pedigrees in Japan.

It hosts the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) Japan International Dog Show held annually at the Tokyo Big Sight;  the event also includes two grooming competitions, with the highest award regarded as the "best in Japan" title.

Other than conformation shows, the JKC promotes obedience trials for purebred dogs and confers championship and other titles in obedience and similar competitions; the JKC also certifies and examines groomers, trainers and other dog-related professionals. It also administers tests and certifies rescue dogs, as well as host rescue dog competitions.
ARSM
ARSM can refer to:

Associate of the Royal School of Mines, a post-nominal still awarded to graduates of formerly Royal School of Mines associated departments at Imperial College London

Associate of the Royal Schools of Music, a performance qualification of the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music in the United Kingdom

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
Enda McGowan
Kieran Enda McGowan (1946 – 15 June 2022) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played at club level with Ballyhaise and at senior inter-county level with the Cavan county team. He usually lined out as a wing-back.

Cavan county football team
The Cavan county football team represents County Cavan in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Cavan GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Ulster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Cavan's home ground is Breffni Park, Cavan. Raymond Galligan served as Cavan manager from September 2023 until July 2025, when he stepped down after two seasons in charge.

The team last won the Ulster Senior Championship in 2020, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1952 and the National League in 1948.
Josey Scott
Joseph Scott Sappington (born May 3, 1972) is an American musician, best known as the former lead vocalist of the rock band Saliva. In addition to Saliva, Scott co-wrote and performed "Hero" (which was used as one of the theme songs to the 2002 film Spider-Man) with Chad Kroeger of Nickelback.

Three 6 Mafia
Three 6 Mafia is an American hip-hop group from Memphis, Tennessee, formed in 1991. Emerging as a horror-themed underground hip-hop group, they went on to enjoy mainstream success. The group's 1995 debut album Mystic Stylez became an influential cult classic. They have released music on independent labels such as Prophet Entertainment and their own Hypnotize Minds label, as well as Relativity, Loud, and Columbia Records.

Two of their albums are RIAA-certified platinum: When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 (2000) and Most Known Unknown (2005), with the latter featuring their hit single "Stay Fly". In 2006, the group won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 78th Academy Awards for their song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from the film Hustle & Flow. The group's latest studio album, Last 2 Walk, was released in 2008. Three 6 Mafia's worldwide album sales stand at 5.5 million as of 2016.
Vakko
Vakko is a Turkish luxury fashion company founded by Vitali Hakko (d. 2007) survived by his son Cem Hakko. It produces and retails textiles, leather goods, and accessories.

Vakko also operates luxury department stores under the Vakko name at Zorlu Center, İstinye Park, Akmerkez, Vadi Istanbul, and  Akasya malls  and on Bağdat Caddesi in Suadiye (Asian side); in Ankara at Atakule and Armada malls, and in İzmir at Hilltown and Istinye Park İzmir malls. It also operates boutiques under the Vakkorama, Vakko Couture, Vakko Wedding, Vakko L'Atelier, and Vakko Home names, as well as Vakko Outlet locations.

In 1962, Vakko's eight-story flagship store on İstiklal Avenue in Beyoğlu was the first modern department store in Turkey. It operated until 2006, when it became a branch of Mango.

Department Store Historic District
The Department Store Historic District is a historic district in the Downtown Hartford neighborhood of the city of Hartford, Connecticut, United States.

It is a 5-acre (2.0 ha) area that, in 1995, included three contributing buildings, one other contributing structure, and one contributing object.  It includes a building that is separately listed on the NRHP: the Cheney Building which is also known as the Brown Thomson Building.

The district is significant because of the important economic role of the three department stores in the district.
Kpana Lewis
Kpana Lewis (April 19, 1830 – May 10, 1912) was a Sherbro chief from Sierra Leone and an opponent of  colonial rule of the British. He exercised strong influence over all Sherbro chiefs.

Kpana Lewis was born in 1830 in Sherbro Island in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone to a politically dominant family of the Sherbro aristocracy. His grandfather, Bai Kong Kuba Lewis, was the most dominant king among all of the Sherbro people.

Southern Province, Sierra Leone
The Southern Province (Krio: Sawt Prɔvins) is one of the four provinces of Sierra Leone. It covers an area of 20,201 km² and has a population of 1,438,572 (2015 census). It consists of four districts (Bo, Bonthe, Moyamba, and Pujehun). Its capital and administrative center is Bo, which is also the second largest and second most populated city in Sierra Leone after the nation's capital Freetown. The population of the southern province is largely from the Mende ethnic group.
Hulberton, New York
Hulberton is a hamlet in the town of Murray in Orleans County, New York, United States. It is named after Isaac Henry Scott Hulbert, a native of Pittsfield in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Arriving first at Sandy Creek in 1824, Hulbert soon relocated the following year to the nearby hamlet of Scio. The location prospered along the Erie Canal where Hulbert engaged in the produce business. On March 6, 1830 he was selected at chairman of the building committee for the Methodist Episcopal Church and was a long-time Justice of the Peace.

When the community determined the need for a local post office, the nearest being located at the hamlet of Sandy Creek, Hulbert was appointed to the position of post master. This post office was established in 1835. The name of the hamlet was changed to Hulberton in honor of Isaac Hulbert in part because of Hulbert's role as post master, but also because the town of Scio in Allegany County, New York predated the location.

Allegany County, New York
Allegany County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,456. Its county seat is Belmont. Its name derives from a Lenape word, applied by European-American settlers of Western New York State to a trail that followed the Allegheny River; they also named the county after this. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

The county is bisected by the Genesee River, flowing north to its mouth on Lake Ontario. During the mid-nineteenth century, the Genesee Valley Canal was built to link southern markets to the Great Lakes and Mohawk River. The county was also served by railroads, which soon superseded the canals in their capacity for carrying freight. Part of the Oil Springs Reservation, controlled by the Seneca Nation, is located in the county.
Albert Diaz (judge)
Albert Diaz (born 1960) is an American lawyer who is the chief circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Diaz is the first Hispanic judge to serve on the Fourth Circuit. Prior to his appointment to the Court of Appeals, Diaz was a North Carolina state superior court judge and an appellate judge for the Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals.

Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals
The Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals (NMCCA) is the intermediate appellate court for criminal convictions in the United States Navy and the Marine Corps.

Courts-martial are conducted under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (Title 10 of the United States Code §§ 801-946), and the Manual for Courts-Martial. If the trial results in a conviction, the case is reviewed by the convening authority (the person who referred the case for trial by court-martial). The convening authority has discretion to mitigate the findings and sentence.
Second Serbian–Ottoman War
The Second Serbian-Ottoman War was a conflict fought between the Principality of Serbia and the Ottoman Empire. It lasted from 13 December 1877 to 5 February 1878, and followed the First Serbian–Ottoman War. Serbia waged a successful campaign during which the Serbian army reached Kosovo, Čukarica and Kyustendil within a few weeks. Thanks to these military successes, Serbia gained their long-awaited de jure independence, as well as the districts of Vranje, Toplica, Niš, and Pirot.

Toplica District
The Toplica District (Serbian: Топлички округ, romanized: Toplički okrug, pronounced [tǒplit͡ʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the valley of Toplica river. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 77,341 inhabitants, making it the smallest administrative district by population. The administrative center of the Toplica District is the city of Prokuplje.
Search by sound
Search by sound is the retrieval of information based on audio input. There are a handful of applications, specifically for mobile devices that utilize search by sound. Shazam, Soundhound, Axwave, ACRCloud and others have seen considerable success by using a simple algorithm to match an acoustic fingerprint to a song in a library. These applications take a sample clip of a song, or a user-generated melody and check a music library/music database to see where the clip matches with the song. From there, song information will be queried and displayed to the user.

These kinds of applications are mainly used for finding a song that the user does not already know. Searching by sound is not limited to just identifying songs, but also for identifying melodies, tunes or advertisements, sound library management and video files.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
V1094 Scorpii
V1094 Scorpii is a young stellar object in the constellation of Scorpius, located in the young Lupus Star Forming Region. It is being orbited by a protoplanetary disk that extends out to a distance of 300 AU from the host star. There are gaps at 100 AU and 170 AU, with bright rings at 130 AU and 220 AU.

In 1998, Rainer Wichmann et al. announced that the star, then known as RXJ1608.6-3922, is a variable star, based on visual band photometry over a nine day interval. They classified it as an eclipsing binary. Later observations showed that the brightness variations are due to starspots. It was given its variable star designation in the year 2000.

Periodic radial velocity variations in the young star V1094 Scorpii had at first been explained by the presence of a substellar object in a tight orbit. Currently, the presence of a substellar object has been retracted; again starspots have been invoked as the actual cause for observed radial velocity variations.

Starspot
Starspots are stellar phenomena, so-named by analogy with sunspots.  Spots as small as sunspots have not been detected on other stars, as they would cause undetectably small fluctuations in brightness. The commonly observed starspots are in general much larger than those on the Sun: up to about 30% of the stellar surface may be covered, corresponding to starspots 100 times larger than those on the Sun.
Jeanette Antolin
Jeanette Antolin (born October 5, 1981) is an American former artistic gymnast who was a member of the U.S. national team from 1995 to 2000. In 1999, she competed at the Pan American Games, where she helped the U.S. win a team silver medal, and the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. She then joined the UCLA Bruins.

United States women's national artistic gymnastics team
The United States women's national artistic gymnastics team represents the United States in FIG international competitions.

As of 2024, the U.S. team is the reigning World team champion and the reigning Olympic team gold medalists, with the five gymnasts nicknamed the "Golden Girls."
Fred A. Williams
Frederick Almor Williams (June 13, 1878 – January 31, 1962) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Iowa State Normal School—now known as the University of Northern Iowa—in 1900, Kansas State Normal School—now known as Emporia State University—in 1901, Highland Park College in 1903, and Creighton College—now known as Creighton University—in 1904. Williams also coached the Dodge Light Guards of Council Bluffs, Iowa in 1902.

Williams was the second head football coach at Kansas State Normal in Emporia, Kansas, serving for on season, in 1901, and compiling a record of 2–6–1.

Williams was later an attorney in Salem, Oregon. He died on January 31, 1962, in Salem.

Creighton University
Creighton University (/ˈkreɪtən/) is a private research university in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Founded by the Society of Jesus in 1878, the university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. In 2015 the university enrolled 8,393 graduate and undergraduate students on a 140-acre (57 ha) campus just outside of downtown Omaha. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The university operates the Creighton University Medical Center. It has a second campus focused on health sciences located in Phoenix, Arizona.
Peter Rezman
Peter Rezman (born 21 October 1956) is a Slovene poet, writer and playwright. He lives and works in Plešivec near Velenje in northern Slovenia.

Rezman was born in Celje in 1968. He worked as an electrician at the Velenje lignite mining|mine and has been active in local cultural and ecological societies. He has been publishing poetry since the mid-1980s and has also written several collections of short stories and theatre plays. In 2009 he was awarded the Fabula Award for best collection of short prose in Slovene published within the previous two years for his short story volume Skok iz kože (Leaping from Skin).

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.