hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Winchcombe Chronicle
The Winchcombe Chronicle is a Latin chronicle of the town of Winchcombe from about 1140-1145.

The original text was drafted in the 1140s, and later extended to 1181. The chronicle is also sometimes known as the Annals of Winchcombe, though it differs from the earlier Winchcombe Annals, produced by the same Abbey.

The Latin chronicle is anonymous, but was written in the Benedictine, Winchcombe Abbey (Gloucestershire).

The manuscript is in two parts. The first, the work of a single scribe, is a world history from creation to 1122 which takes much of its material from John of Worcester's Chronica chronicarum.

The addendum contains more recent material. The manuscript also has numerous margin notes of more recent events.

The manuscript is currently held at the British Library as part of the Cotton collection and is found at BL, Cotton Tiberius E iv, folios 1r-27v.

Anonymous work
Anonymous works are works, such as art or literature, that have an anonymous, undisclosed, or unknown creator or author. In the case of very old works, the author's name may simply be lost over the course of history and time. There are a number of reasons anonymous works arise. Examples include Beowulf and The Arabian Nights.
Johannes Enzenhofer
Johannes Enzenhofer (born 4 October 1965) is an athlete from Austria.  He competes in triathlon.

Enzenhofer competed at the first Olympic triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics.  He took 29th place with a total time of 1:51:02.48.

Triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Triathlon made its official debut at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. This sporting event was held at the Sydney Opera House. Forty-eight triathletes contested the female event on September 16, while fifty-two contested the male event on September 17, making up a total of 100 competitors. Each competitor starts the event with a 1500-metre swim course, followed by a 40 kilometre road bicycle race and finish with a 10 kilometre road run. Each consecutive event in triathlon runs in sequence, without any respite, so that the athlete who crossed the line in first place at the end of the run would be the winner.
Wote, Kenya
Wote is a town in Kenya. It is the capital of Makueni County in the former Eastern Province. It forms a town council and had a  population of 56,419, of whom 5,542 are classified urban based on the 1999 during population census.

Wote town has six wards: Kako, Kaumoni, Kikumini, Muvau, Nziu and Wote. Most of them are located in Makueni Constituency, but Kako ward belongs to Mbooni Constituency and Kaumoni ward to Kaiti Constituency. Wote is also headquarters of Wote division of Makueni subcounty.

Makueni Constituency
Makueni Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in Makueni County. The constituency was established for the 1966 elections. Its current MP is Suzanne Ndunge Kiamba of Wiper party.
Iris palaestina
Iris palaestina (sometimes Iris palestina) is a species in the genus Iris belonging to the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia, including the Palestine region (Israel, Palestine and Jordan), Lebanon, and Syria. It has long, narrow, strap-like leaves, and a short stem. The early blooming, fragrant flowers are greenish-grey/white or yellow-white.

It is also known as the Palestine iris, and it is known in Hebrew as איריס ארץ-ישראלי (iris eretz Israeli).

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Robert Smith (rugby union, born 1907)
Robert Tait Smith (1907 — 1958) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

The son of a police inspector, Smith hailed from Kelso in the Scottish Borders.

Smith played for local side Kelso RFC and was a strongly-built forward, known by the nickname "Firpo" after the Argentine heavyweight boxer. He was capped seven times for Scotland, across the 1929 and 1930 Five Nations tournaments.

A baker by trade, Smith ran two businesses in the town of Hawick.

Luis Ángel Firpo
Luis Ángel Firpo (October 11, 1894 – August 7, 1960) was an Argentine boxer. Born in Junín, Argentina, he was nicknamed The Wild Bull of the Pampas. He was the first Latin American in history to challenge for the world heavyweight title. His bout against Jess Willard set a world record for boxing attendance at the time. His 1923 heavyweight title fight against Jack Dempsey was named Ring Magazine Fight of the Year for 1923.

Firpo was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the Old Timer category as part of the class of 2024.
Mike Keeney
Mike Keeney (born March 18, 1974) is an American soccer coach who is currently a first team coach of HIFK Fotboll in Helsinki. A native of California, Keeney has previously coached clubs in Finland and Slovakia, and worked with the Oceania Football Confederation. Prior to coaching professionally, Keeney coached collegiate soccer with the University of Kentucky, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Louisville, and Bellarmine College.

University of Alabama at Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1969 and part of the University of Alabama System, UAB has grown to be the state's largest employer, with more than 27,302 faculty and staff and over 53,000 jobs at the university. The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

UAB offers 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. In the fall of 2024, UAB enrolled 20,905 students from more than 110 countries. The UAB Health System, one of the largest academic medical centers in the United States, is affiliated with UAB.

The UAB athletic teams known as the Blazers compete in 18 varsity-level sports in the NCAA Division I - American Athletic Conference. Its official varsity colors are green and gold. The Blazers have won 11 conference championships to date.
Grahl
Grahl is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

August Grahl (1791–1868), German portrait painter and miniaturist

Denise Grahl (born 1993), German Paralympic swimmer

Francisco Grahl (born 1992), Argentine footballer

Jens Grahl (born 1988), German footballer

John Grahl (born 1946), Scottish academic and professor

John Grahl (comedian), Ghanaian comedian

Steven Grahl, English cathedral organist

Viola Grahl (born 1966), German field hockey player

Jens Grahl
Jens Grahl (born 22 September 1988) is a German footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Bundesliga club Eintracht Frankfurt.

Born in Stuttgart, Grahl has spent his entire career in Germany, including with local team VfB Stuttgart.
Ralph Votrian
Ralph Votrian (May 16, 1934 – February 7, 2017) was an American film, television and voice actor.

Votrian was born in Chicago, Illinois. As a child, Votrian performed on old-time radio programs. He graduated from John Burroughs High School in Burbank, California, and served in the United States Marine Corps.

He appeared in the films Stalk of the Celery Monster, Girls in the Night, The Bold and the Brave, Until They Sail, The Happy Years, Screaming Eagles, The Young Guns and Pillars of the Sky.

Votrian guest-starred in television programs including The Twilight Zone, Johnny Ringo, Black Saddle, Dr. Hudson's Secret Journal, The Tall Man, Rescue 8 and Rawhide. He provided additional voices for television programs such as El-Hazard, As Told by Ginger, Masked Rider (as King Lexian) Rave Master and Gatchaman (OVA), and was the narrator for Reign: The Conqueror.

Votrian died on February 7, 2017, in Burbank, California, at the age of 82.

Dr. Hudson's Secret Journal
Dr. Hudson's Secret Journal is an American medical drama television series that aired in syndication from 1955 to 1957. It was based on a 1939 book of the same name by Lloyd C. Douglas, which was a prequel to his 1929 novel Magnificent Obsession. A total of 78 episodes were produced.

Hudson, a neurosurgeon, is a widower who lives with his daughter Kathy and their housekeeper, Mrs. Grady. His work at Center Hospital involves the use of his "strange and rather mysterious gift" to help patients psychologically.

In 1955, a nationwide competition was held in TV Guide to find a young actor to play Dr. Hudson's protege Tim Watson for several episodes. Those entering had to submit a photo and recording in which they would read emotional dialogue. The winner was a young actor named Joe Walker.
Steve Gong
Steve Gong (traditional Chinese: 鞏睿; born June 16, 1985) is a New York-based photojournalist whose work has exposed life in North Korea.  His film, Pyongyang Style, was broadcast around the world as undercover photojournalism of the country under Kim Jong-il.  The work comes after two American journalists were detained, until former US President Bill Clinton negotiated their release. He has also won acclaim for his work in Anhui, China winning the Audience Award and the Runner Up Award at the 2007 Salmagundi Film Festival, and for his photojournalistic travels in more than 58 countries

Gong was born in Beijing, China, raised in Rome, Italy, studied at the University of Virginia and graduated with degrees in Biology and Psychology, and obtained an M.A. in Photojournalism and Documentary Photography at the London College of Communication at the University of the Arts London.

University of the Arts London
The University of the Arts London (UAL) is a public collegiate university in London, England, United Kingdom. It specialises in arts, design, fashion, and the performing arts. The university is a federation of six arts colleges: Camberwell College of Arts, Central Saint Martins, Chelsea College of Arts, the London College of Communication, the London College of Fashion and the Wimbledon College of Arts.: 263

The University of the Arts London was established as The London Institute in 1986, became a university in 2003, and took its present name in 2004. The university hosts one of the largest international student bodies out of all universities in the United Kingdom.
Be Lucky
"Be Lucky" is a song by the English rock band the Who, written by Pete Townshend and recorded for the band's compilation album The Who Hits 50! released in 2014 and was proposed for a following album. The song was the first new material released by the Who in the eight years since their 2006 studio album Endless Wire. The royalties from "Be Lucky" benefited Teen Cancer America, a US outgrowth of Roger Daltrey's successful UK charity, the Teenage Cancer Trust.

Teenage Cancer Trust
Teenage Cancer Trust is a cancer care and support charity in the UK that exists to improve the cancer experience of young people aged 13–24. Founded in 1990, the charity's key service is providing specialist teenage units in NHS hospitals. It also trains and funds staff who are teenage cancer specialists. The units are dedicated areas for teenage and young adult patients, who are involved in their concept and creation. Medical facilities on the units are equipped with computers, TVs and game consoles.

The charity also serves as an advocate for teenage cancer needs, promoting related research and national and international forums. It also provides support services and education related to teenage and young adult cancer.
Ezinne
Ezinne audioⓘ is a feminine Igbo name of South Eastern Nigeria. It is interpreted to mean "true mother/exemplary mother".

It is also otherwise used as a chieftaincy title for Igbo women in the region.

Igbo language
Igbo (English: /ˈiːboʊ/ EE-boh, US also /ˈɪɡboʊ/ IG-boh; Standard Igbo: Ásụ̀sụ́ Ìgbò [ásʊ̀sʊ̀ ìɡ͡bò] ⓘ) is the principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnicity in the Southeastern part of Nigeria.

Igbo languages are spoken by a total of 31 million people. The number of Igboid languages depends on how one classifies a language versus a dialect, so there could be around 35 different Igbo languages. The core Igbo cluster, or Igbo proper, is generally thought to be one language but there is limited mutual intelligibility between the different groupings (north, west, south and east). A standard literary language termed 'Igbo izugbe' (meaning "general igbo") was generically developed and later adopted around 1972, with its core foundation based on the Orlu (Isu dialects), Anambra (Awka dialects) and Umuahia (Ohuhu dialects), omitting the nasalization and aspiration of those varieties.
Koliya
Koliya (Pāli: Koliya) was an ancient Indo-Aryan clan of north-eastern South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Koliyas were organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic republic), presently referred to as the Koliya Republic.

Iron Age in India
In the prehistory of the Indian subcontinent, the Iron Age succeeded Bronze Age India and partly corresponds with the megalithic cultures of South India. Other Iron Age archaeological cultures of north India were the Painted Grey Ware culture (1300–300 BCE) and the Northern Black Polished Ware (700–200 BCE). This corresponds to the transition of the Janapadas or principalities of the Vedic period to the sixteen Mahajanapadas or region-states of the early historic period, culminating in the emergence of the Maurya Empire towards the end of the period.

The earliest evidence of iron smelting predates the emergence of the Iron Age proper by several centuries. Claims for iron smelting in Tamil Nadu as early as the mid-4th millennium BCE have been made on the basis of radiocarbon dates from charcoal samples at the site of Sivagalai, dated between c. 3345 and 2953 BCE. These dates are disputed.
Ouallene
Ouallene or Ouallen is a desert town and bordj in southern Algeria. The village is located in the Adrar Province to the southeast of Reggane. The bordj sits at an elevation of about 346 m (1,135 ft) above sea level and lies in the heart of the Tanezrouft, one of the hottest and driest regions in the Sahara Desert, the world's largest hot desert.

Tanezrouft
The Tanezrouft (Arabic: تنزروفت) is a natural region located along the borders of Algeria and Mali, west of the Hoggar Mountains. Along with the Libyan Desert it is one of the most desolate and most arid parts of the Sahara Desert. This area has no permanent residents and is known for its soaring temperatures and scarce access to crucial resources: water and food. Due to this, it is commonly referred to as the "land of terror". The name means ‘waterless dessert’ in Tamashek.
Reduction (computability theory)
In computability theory, many reducibility relations (also called reductions, reducibilities, and notions of reducibility) are studied. They are motivated by the question: given sets  and  of natural numbers, is it possible to effectively convert a method for deciding membership in  into a method for deciding membership in ?  If the answer to this question is affirmative then  is said to be reducible to .

The study of reducibility notions is motivated by the study of decision problems. For many notions of reducibility, if any noncomputable set is reducible to a set  then  must also be noncomputable.  This gives a powerful technique for proving that many sets are noncomputable.

Effective method
In metalogic, mathematical logic, and computability theory, an effective method or effective procedure is a finite-time, deterministic procedure for solving a problem from a specific class. An effective method is sometimes also called a mechanical method or procedure. Functions for which an effective method exists are sometimes called effectively calculable.
Caliadne
Caliadne (/kæliˈædniː/; Ancient Greek: Καλιάδνη) or Caliadna, in Greek mythology, was a naiad of the river Nile, presumably one of the daughters of the river-god Nilus. She was one of the wives of King Aegyptus of Egypt, bearing him twelve sons: Eurylochus, Phantes, Peristhenes, Hermus, Dryas, Potamon, Cisseus, Lixus, Imbrus, Bromios, Polyctor, and Chthonios. These sons married and were murdered by the daughters of her sister Polyxo and King Danaus of Libya during their wedding night.

According to Hippostratus, Aegyptus had his progeny by a single woman called Eurryroe, daughter of the river-god Nilus. In some accounts, he consorted with his cousin Isaie, daughter of Agenor, king of Tyre.

Danaus
In Greek mythology, Danaus (/ˈdæneɪ.əs/, /ˈdæni.əs/; Ancient Greek: Δαναός Danaós) was the king of Libya. His myth is a foundation legend of Argos, one of the foremost Mycenaean cities of the Peloponnesus. In Homer's Iliad, "Danaans" ("tribe of Danaus") and "Argives" commonly designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans.
Traffic management
Traffic management is a key branch within logistics. It concerns the planning, control and purchasing of transport services needed to physically move vehicles (for example aircraft, road vehicles, rolling stock and watercraft) and freight.

Traffic management is implemented by people working with different job titles in different branches:

Within freight and cargo logistics: traffic manager, assessment of hazardous and awkward materials, carrier choice and fees, demurrage, documentation, expediting, freight consolidation, insurance, reconsignment and tracking

Within air traffic management: air traffic controller

Within rail traffic management: rail traffic controller, train dispatcher or signalman

Within road traffic management: traffic controller

Air traffic controller
An air traffic controller (ATC) is a person responsible for the coordination of air traffic within controlled airspace. Typically they work in area control centers or control towers, where they monitor aircraft movements and maintain direct communication with the pilots.

The profession dates back to the early 20th century, evolving alongside advances in aviation and radar technology to meet the growing demands of air travel.

It is considered to be highly demanding and stressful, requiring continuous decision-making and adaptability, often under time pressure. Factors such as unfavorable work schedules, high responsibility and the reliability of equipment further influence workload and stress levels. Despite these challenges, the role offers competitive salaries and strong job security, which are often cited as key benefits.
Royal Commission on Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion
The Royal Commission on Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion was carried out in New Zealand from 1975 to 1977, shortly after the 1975 general election. The members of the Royal Commission were M. D. Matich, Barbara J. Thomson, Dame Dorothy Winstone, Duncan McMullin (chair), Denese Henare and M. R. McGregor.

Shortly after the release of the report the Government passed the Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act 1977.

1975 New Zealand general election
The 1975 New Zealand general election was held on 29 November to elect MPs to the 38th session of the New Zealand Parliament. It was the first general election in New Zealand where 18- to 20-year-olds and all permanent residents of New Zealand were eligible to vote, although only citizens were able to be elected.

The National Party, led by Rob Muldoon, won 55 of the 87 seats over the Labour Party, led by Bill Rowling, in a landslide. The election saw the defeat of the Third Labour Government after only three years in office and the formation of the Third National Government. As of 2023, this is the most recent election where a government was voted out after one term.
Futamata Station (Kyoto)
Futamata Station (二俣駅, Futamata-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in the city of  Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Willer Trains (Kyoto Tango Railway).

Kyoto Tango Railway
The Kyoto Tango Railway (京都丹後鉄道, Kyōto Tango Tetsudō), or Tantetsu (丹鉄), is a railway system in Kyoto Prefecture and Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan operated by Willer Trains Inc. headquartered in Miyazu, Kyoto.
RNAS Crail
Royal Naval Air Station Crail (RNAS Crail, also known as HMS Jackdaw) is a former Royal Naval Air Station of the Fleet Air Arm located 4.9 miles (7.9 km) east of Anstruther, Fife and 8.8 miles (14.2 km) from St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.  It was home to a site of the Joint Services School for Linguists from 1956 to 1960.

Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.
Oxolamine
Oxolamine is a cough suppressant that is available as a generic drug in many jurisdictions.

Oxolamine also has anti-inflammatory activity, which causes a reduction in irritation of the nerve receptors of the respiratory tract.

It is mainly used for the treatment of pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis and pertussis.

Oxolamine is not approved in the USA, it may be marketed elsewhere internationally as a cough suppressant. It is listed as a prescription drug in New Zealand legislation. Oxolamine is also approved in Taiwan for the treatment of respiratory tract inflammation.

Respiratory tract infection
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are infectious diseases involving the lower or upper respiratory tract. An infection of this type usually is further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI). Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, tend to be far more severe than upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold.
2001–02 Czech Cup
The 2001–02 Czech Cup was the ninth edition of the annual football knockout tournament organized by the Czech Football Association of the Czech Republic.

Slavia Prague prevailed at the 13 May 2002 Cup and qualified for the 2002–03 UEFA Cup.

Football Association of the Czech Republic
The Football Association of the Czech Republic (Czech: Fotbalová asociace České republiky; FAČR), or colloquially the Czech Football Association, is the governing body of association football in the Czech Republic based in Prague. It organizes the lower-level league competitions in the country and Czech Cup. On the other hand, the professional Czech First League and Czech Second League are organized independently.
Akhmetovo
Akhmetovo (Russian: Ахметово) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Akhmetovo, Abzelilovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Akhmetovo, Aurgazinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Akhmetovo, Blagovarsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Akhmetovo, Chekmagushevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Akhmetovo, Kushnarenkovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Akhmetovo, Chuvash Republic, a village in Komsomolsky District of the Chuvash Republic

Akhmetovo, Republic of Tatarstan, a village in Nurlatsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan

zheleznodorozhnogo razyezda Akhmetovo, a settlement in Nurlatsky District the Republic of Tatarstan

Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.