hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica (English series) is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal published quarterly by Springer.
Established in 1984 by the Chinese Mathematical Society, the journal publishes articles on applied mathematics.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal had a 2020 impact factor of 1.102.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
John F. Nunn
John Francis Nunn (7 November 1925 – 9 May 2022) was a British physician who was the dean of the Faculty of Anaesthetists, Royal College of Surgeons from 1979 to 1982.

Nunn was born in  Colwyn Bay, Denbighshire, Wales, the son of Francis Nunn. He married Sheila Ernestine Doubleday in 1949.

Colwyn Bay
Colwyn Bay (/ˈkɒlwɪn/; Welsh: Bae Colwyn [ˈbai ˈkɔlʊɨn] ⓘ) is a town, community and seaside resort in Conwy County Borough on the north coast of Wales overlooking the Irish Sea. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Denbighshire. At the 2021 census, the community had a population of 10,576, and the built up area had a population of 29,275. According to the tourist board, it is renowned for its 3 mile long sandy beach which has been enhanced with millions of tonnes of sand, so therefore 'man-made' and its permanently available irrespective of the tides.
Mumbai Cobras
The Mumbai Cobras are a professional baseball club that is a member of Baseball United. Founded in 2023, the team represents Mumbai, India, and plays its games at the Baseball United Ballpark at The Sevens in Dubai.

The Sevens Stadium
The Sevens is a rugby sevens stadium in Ūd al-Baydāʾ, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The Sevens Stadium is a venue for rugby, association football, Gaelic football, Australian football (Aussie rules football), netball, basketball, cricket, tennis, track and field, baseball, and concerts.

The Sevens is located at the intersection of the Dubai-Al Ain Road (E66) and the Jebel Ali-Lahbab Road (E77). The complex offers parking for around 15,000 vehicles.

Facilities at The Sevens include: eight rugby/football pitches, six cricket pitches (3 grass (2 floodlit), 3 subhka), four netball/tennis courts, one basketball court, a grandstand, and international-standard ancillary facilities ideal for sports events. All courts and pitches are floodlit.

It was the venue for the first HSBC A5N Youth Rugby Festival in February 2009. The Emirates Airline Dubai Sevens is a round of the World Rugby Sevens Series which has been held at The Sevens annually since 2008.
A Man in Full (miniseries)
A Man in Full is an American drama miniseries starring Jeff Daniels and Diane Lane, created and written by David E. Kelley, and directed by Regina King and Thomas Schlamme. The series consists of six episodes, and premiered on Netflix on May 2, 2024. It is based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Tom Wolfe.

Jon Michael Hill
Jon Michael Hill  is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Detective Marcus Bell in the CBS series Elementary (2012–2019) and Detective Damon Washington in the ABC series Detroit 1-8-7 (2010–2011).
Banaz: A Love Story
Banaz: A Love Story is a 2012 documentary film directed and produced by Deeyah Khan. The film chronicles the life and death of Banaz Mahmod, a young British-Iraqi woman of Kurdish origin killed in 2006 in South London on the orders of her family in what is euphemistically called honour killing. The film received its UK premiere at the Raindance Film Festival in London September 2012.

British Iraqis
British Iraqis  are British citizens who originate from Iraq.

The three main ethnicities within the British Iraqi community are Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen, according to a publication by the International Organization for Migration. There are also smaller Assyrian, Mandaean and Yazidi communities.
Wing warping
Wing warping was an early system for lateral (roll) control of a fixed-wing aircraft or kite. The technique, used and patented by the Wright brothers, consisted of a system of pulleys and cables to twist the trailing edges of the wings in opposite directions. In many respects, this approach is similar to that used to trim the performance of a paper airplane by curling the paper at the back of its wings.

Elevator (aeronautics)
Elevators  are flight control surfaces, usually at the rear of an aircraft, which control the aircraft's pitch, and therefore the angle of attack and the lift of the wing. The elevators are usually hinged to the tailplane or horizontal stabilizer. They may be the only pitch control surface present, and are sometimes located at the front of the aircraft (early airplanes and canards) or integrated into a rear "all-moving tailplane", also called a slab elevator or stabilator.
Davion Berry
Davion Christopher Lamont Berry (born November 1, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for Manama Club of the Bahraini Premier League. He played college basketball for the Weber State Wildcats where he was named Big Sky Conference Player of the Year in 2014.

VTB United League
The VTB United League (Russian: Единая Лига ВТБ) is an international professional men's club basketball league that was founded in 2009. As of the 2025–26 season, it consists exclusively of Russian clubs. Since 2013, it is the first tier of Russian professional club basketball. Therefore, the highest placed Russian team in the league can also be named the Russian national champions. The league is sponsored by Russian state-owned VTB Bank. In 2009 CSKA Moscow won VTB United League Promo-Cup, but this competition does not count as official VTB title. CSKA has dominated the league, having won majority of titles its existence. The VTB United League also holds a youth competition, the VTB United Youth League.
1993 Cork Junior A Hurling Championship
The 1993 Cork Junior A Hurling Championship was the 96th staging of the Cork Junior A Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 13 December 1992. The championship ran from 26 September to 31 October 1993.

The final was played on 31 October 1993 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork between Blarney and Kilworth, in what was their first meeting in the final. Blarney won the match by 2-10 to 1-09 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 57 years.

Kilworth's Pat Greehy was the championship's top scorer with 2-13.

Kilworth GAA
Kilworth GAA, or Cill Úird, is a hurling and Gaelic football club located in the village of Kilworth in the north-eastern corner of County Cork, Ireland. It is affiliated to Cork GAA county board and to Avondhu GAA divisional board.
Melbourne Beach, Florida
Melbourne Beach is a town in Brevard County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population had 3,231 residents at the 2020 United States Census, up from 3,101 at the 2010 census.

Titusville, Florida
Titusville is a city in and the county seat of Brevard County, Florida, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 48,789, up from 43,761 at the 2010 census.  Titusville is located along the Indian River, west of Merritt Island and the Kennedy Space Center, and south-southwest of the Canaveral National Seashore. It is a principal city of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A secondary, de facto county seat was established beginning in 1989, at Viera, Florida, in the geographic center of the county, to better serve the more populous southern portion of the county.
Mayssa Pessoa
Mayssa Raquel de Oliveira Pessoa, also known as Mayssa Pessoa (born 11 September 1984) is a Brazilian female handball goalkeeper for French club Saint-Amand Handball and formerly the Brazilian national team. In 2013 she won the World Championship; the first time ever for Brazil and South America.

She was one of nearly two dozen LGBT Olympians at the London Games.

Pan American Women's Handball Championship
The Pan American Women's Handball Championship was the biennial official competition for senior national handball teams of North, Center, Caribbean and South America. It was organized by the Pan-American Team Handball Federation. In addition to crowning the Pan-American champions, the tournament served as a qualifying tournament for the IHF World Women's Handball Championship. In 2018, the PATHF was folded and the tournament was replaced with the North American & Caribbean and South and Central American Women's Handball Championships.
Pleasant Valley, Josephine County, Oregon
Pleasant Valley is an unincorporated community in Josephine County, Oregon, United States. It is lies about 11 miles (18 km) north of Grants Pass, just west of Interstate 5. Situated along the historic Applegate Trail, the community is home to a pioneer cemetery and once had a school.

Pioneer cemetery
In the United States, Canada, Australia, and elsewhere, a pioneer cemetery is a cemetery that is the burial place for pioneers.  American pioneers founded such cemeteries during territorial expansion of the United States, with founding dates spanning, at least, from the late 18th to early 20th centuries.

A number of these have been officially designated as historic sites worthy of preservation, including at least 10 listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
Anne Walker (artist)
Anne Walker (born September 20, 1933) is an American artist and contemplative thinker, primarily known for printmaking and painting. In 2001, Walker was named a Chevalier de L'Ordre des Arts et Lettres by French Minister of Culture Catherine Tasca. Walker lives and works in Paris and has exhibited widely in France, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Australia, and the United States.

Mortimer Rare Book Collection
The Mortimer Rare Book Collection (MRBC) is the rare books collection of Smith College. Along with the Sophia Smith Collection and Smith College Archives, it makes up Smith College Special Collections. The collection supports both general research and the curriculum of Smith College classes.
Yazdanabad, Semnan
Yazdanabad (Persian: يزدان آباد, also Romanized as Yazdānābād) is a village in Qohab-e Rastaq Rural District, Amirabad District, Damghan County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 14, in 6 families.

Semnan province
Semnan province (Persian: استان سمنان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is the city of Semnan.

The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province was made part of Region 1 on 22 June 2014, as the provinces were grouped into 5 regions for coordination and development purposes.
Combat Wombat (film)
Combat Wombat is a 2020 Australian animated superhero film directed by Richard Cussó and written by Matthew James Kinmonth. It is the second film in Like a Photon Creative's The Tales from Sanctuary City franchise and was financed by Screen Queensland and Screen Australia. It premiered at the Brisbane International Film Festival before being released in Australian theatres on 15 October 2020, distributed by Odin Eye's Entertainment.

Screen Queensland Studios
Screen Queensland Studios are a set of film studios operated by Screen Queensland in Queensland, Australia. They are available for rental by film makers.

The first film studios opened in 2019 in  Hemmant, Brisbane. In April 2024, another set of films studios will be opened in Portsmith, Cairns.

Screen Queensland also partners with Village Roadshow Studios at Oxenford on the Gold Coast.
Raków, Wrocław County
Raków ([ˈrakuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Długołęka, within Wrocław County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The name of the village is of Polish origin and comes from the word rak, which means "crayfish". In 1376, it was mentioned as Rakow.

Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where  fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as Procambarus clarkii, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus.

The term "crayfish" is applied to saltwater species in some countries.
Hemostat
A hemostat (also called a hemostatic clamp; arterial forceps; and pean, after Jules-Émile Péan) is a tool used to control bleeding during surgery. Similar in design to both pliers and scissors, it is used to clamp exposed blood vessels shut.

Hemostats belong to a group of instruments that pivot (similar to scissors, and including needle holders, tissue holders, and some other clamps) where the structure of the tip determines the tool's function.

A hemostat has handles that can be held in place by their locking mechanism, which usually is a series of interlocking teeth, a few on each handle, that allow the user to adjust the clamping force of the pliers.  When the tips are locked together, the force between them is about 40 N (9 lbf).

Often in the first phases of surgery, the incision is lined with hemostats on blood vessels that are awaiting ligation.

Newton (unit)
The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI). Expressed in terms of SI base units, it is 1 kg⋅m/s2, the force that accelerates a mass of one kilogram at one metre per second squared.

The unit is named after Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics, specifically his second law of motion.
Rossy Barbour
Roosevelt Ross Barbour (September 15, 1901 – April 29, 1993) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Bonavista South in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1959 to 1971. He was a member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador. Born in Newtown, Newfoundland and Labrador, he was a salesman.

Newtown, Newfoundland and Labrador
Newtown is a part of the Municipality of New-Wes-Valley, located at the North end of Bonavista Bay in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The approximate population is 400. Settlement in Newtown originated around 1850 when people relocated from nearby areas. Newtown is well known for being built on many small islands, and is the home of the Barbour Living Heritage Village.
The Buccaneers (2023 TV series)
The Buccaneers is a historical drama television series created by Katherine Jakeways, based on the unfinished novel of the same name by American novelist Edith Wharton, published posthumously in 1938. Set in the 1870s during the Gilded Age, it revolves around five wealthy and ambitious American women and their experiences in London high society as they deal with culture clashes, differing approaches to tradition, friendship, and love. The series stars an ensemble cast led by Kristine Froseth, Alisha Boe, Aubri Ibrag, Josie Totah, and Imogen Waterhouse. Matthew Broome, Josh Dylan, Barney Fishwick, Guy Remmers, Mia Threapleton, and Christina Hendricks also star.

The first season premiered on 8 November 2023 on Apple TV+ and received positive reviews from critics. The second season premiered on 18 June 2025.

On 8 October 2025, the show was renewed for a third season.

The Buccaneers
The Buccaneers is the last novel written by Edith Wharton. The story is set in the 1870s, around the time Wharton was a young girl. It was unfinished at the time of her death in 1937 and published in that form in 1938. Wharton's manuscript ends with Lizzy inviting Nan to a house party, to which Guy Thwarte has also been invited. The book was published in 1938 by Penguin Books in New York. Marion Mainwaring finished the novel, following Wharton's detailed outline, in 1993.
Parasympatholytic
A parasympatholytic agent is a substance or activity that reduces the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system.

The term parasympatholytic typically refers to the effect of a drug, although some poisons act to block the parasympathetic nervous system as well. Most drugs with parasympatholytic properties are anticholinergics.

Parasympatholytic agents and sympathomimetic agents have similar effects to each other, although some differences between the two groups can be observed. For example, both cause mydriasis, but parasympatholytics reduce accommodation (cycloplegia), whereas sympathomimetics do not.

Accommodation (vertebrate eye)
Accommodation is the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. In this, distances vary for individuals from the far point—the maximum distance from the eye for which a clear image of an object can be seen, to the near point—the minimum distance for a clear image.
Accommodation usually acts like a reflex, including part of the accommodation-convergence reflex, but it can also be consciously controlled.

The main ways animals may change focus are:

Changing the shape of the lens.

Changing the position of the lens relative to the retina.

Changing the axial length of the eyeball.

Changing the shape of the cornea.
1/3rd Lancers Battalion
The 1st/3rd Lancers Battalion (French: 1/3 Bataillon de Lanciers) is an infantry battalion in the Belgian Army of the Belgian armed forces. It is an amalgamation of the former 1st Lancers Regiment and the 3rd Lancers Regiment which has been re-roled to an infantry battalion but maintains cavalry customs and traditions. The battalion is a motorized infantry unit of the Motorized Brigade. The amalgamated unit served in Kosovo. It will again be reoriented towards a light cavalry role when the Jaguar vehicles are delivered.

EBRC Jaguar
The Engin Blindé de Reconnaissance et de Combat Jaguar (English: Armoured Reconnaissance and Combat Vehicle Jaguar) or EBRC Jaguar is a six-wheel armoured fighting vehicle developed and manufactured by KNDS France, Arquus and Thales. It is intended to succeed three reconnaissance and/or fire support vehicles in French service—the AMX-10 RC, ERC 90 Sagaie and VAB HOT—and entered service in 2022 after twelve years of development.

The Jaguar is a component of the French SCORPION programme. It is designed for armoured reconnaissance as well as for combat in complex environments such as urban and mountainous areas. 238 units are expected to be delivered to the French Army by 2030 and all 300 vehicles planned by 2035. They will equip seven of its armoured cavalry regiments.
Araucaria nemorosa
Araucaria nemorosa (Boise araucaria) is a species of conifer in the family Araucariaceae. It is found only in New Caledonia, an island possession of France in the South Pacific. It is mostly found as a small understory tree, typically growing to no more than 15 meters (though rarely reaching 30m), and relatively shade tolerant, though it can also grow as an emergent from coastal scrub. It has feathery foliage somewhat less spiky than most other Araucaria species, and is found only on serpentine soil, in coastal locations below 100m in altitude.
It is threatened by habitat loss and is a critically endangered species with less than 5000 trees remaining in the wild. Low levels of genetic variation in the remaining population and consequent low germination rates of seed produced, are also a concern.

Shade tolerance
In ecology, shade tolerance is a plant's ability to tolerate low light levels.  The term is also used in horticulture and landscaping, although in this context its use is sometimes imprecise, especially in labeling of plants for sale in commercial nurseries.

Shade tolerance is a complex, multi-faceted property of plants. Different plant species exhibit different adaptations to shade, and a particular plant can exhibit varying degrees of shade tolerance, or even of requirement for light, depending on its history or stage of development.
1994 Australian Indoor Championships
The 1994 Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney, Australia and was part of the Championship Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the 22nd and last edition of the tournament and was held from 3 through 10 October 1994. Seventh-seeded Richard Krajicek won the singles title.

ATP International Series Gold
ATP International Series Gold (known from 1990 to 1999 as the ATP Championship Series) was a series of professional tennis tournaments held internationally between 2000 and 2008 that were part of the ATP Tour. The tournaments were positioned below the ATP Masters Series, and above the ATP International Series in terms of prize money and ranking points available.

International Series Gold tournaments offered players cash prizes (purses from $755,000 to $1,426,250 as of 2008) and the ability to earn ATP ranking points. See Association of Tennis Professionals#ATP rankings for more details.

Effective in 2009, this series of tournaments became the ATP Tour 500, incorporating many of the same tournaments. The "500" represents the number of ATP ranking points earned by the winner of each event in the series.
Cai Sheng
Cai Sheng (Chinese: 蔡晟; born 12 November 1971) is a Chinese football manager and a former international forward. He represented Wuhan and Qingdao in his club career while internationally he played for China in 1992 Asian Cup.

Wuhan Optics Valley F.C.
Wuhan Optics Valley Football Club (simplified Chinese: 武汉光谷; traditional Chinese: 武漢光谷; pinyin: Wǔhàn Guānggǔ) is a defunct football club that was located in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The club's home stadium was Xinhua Road Sports Center, while the important matches were played at the more modern stadium Wuhan Sports Center in China. Their fans were mainly from Hubei province and the club had supporters from the city of Wuhan, and the surrounding cities of Ezhou, Huangshi, and Xiaogan. It was founded in 1954 as the Hubei Football Team, while the professional football team was founded in February 1994. In 2008, the club quit the Chinese Super League because of what it believed to be unfair punishment after the club had a dispute with the Chinese Football Association over the club's on-field behaviour against Beijing Guoan in a league game. Some of its players formed a new team called Hubei Luyin and made a return to Chinese Super League in 2013.
1914 New York state election
The 1914 New York state election was held on November 3, 1914, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the Secretary of State, the state comptroller, the attorney general, the state treasurer, the state engineer, a U.S. Senator and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate, and delegates-at-large to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1915.

New York State Engineer and Surveyor
The New York State Engineer and Surveyor was a state cabinet officer in the State of New York between 1848 and 1926. During the re-organization of the state government under Governor Al Smith, the office was abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the New York State Department of Public Works, which in turn was absorbed by the New York State Department of Transportation in 1967.