hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Korean Presbyterian Church (GaeHyuk I.)
The Korean Presbyterian Church (GaeHyuk I.) was formed in 1981, when it was separated from the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong). In 1973 before HapDong was divided, about 400 neutral congregations formed a 17-member committee to promote reconciliation, but this effort proved useless. The non-mainline HapDong group separated and fragmented into JongAm and BangBae and GaeHyuk. An attempt was made to unite these churches without success. The GaeHyuk denomination was officially founded in 1981. The Apostles' Creed and the Westminster Confession are the officially accepted standards. In 2004 the denomination had 633,600 members and 2,030 congregations served by 2,010 ordained pastors in 31 presbyteries and a General Assembly. There is currently no female ordination.

Ordination of women in Christianity
In Christianity, the ordination of women has been taking place in an increasing number of Protestant and Old Catholic churches, starting in the 20th century. Since ancient times, certain churches of the Orthodox tradition, such as the Coptic Orthodox Church, have raised women to the office of deaconess. While ordination of women has been approved in many denominations, it is a very controversial and divisive topic.

Ordination is the process by which people are consecrated by a Christian denomination, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies such as celebrating the sacraments. The process and ceremonies of ordination varies by denomination. One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand. The liturgy used at an ordination is sometimes referred to as an ordinal.
Vincent Dupuis
Vincent Dupuis (22 January 1889 – 11 May 1967) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada and a Senator. He was born in Saint-Philippe-de-Laprairie, Quebec and became a lawyer by career.

Dupuis attended normal school, then junior college at Montreal, then McGill University. He became registrar of Laprairie County, and was appointed King's Counsel.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Laprairie—Napierville riding in a by-election on 22 July 1929 then re-elected there for a full term in the 1930 election. When his riding was disbanded in 1933, Dupuis sought re-election at Chambly—Rouville in the 1935 election and won. He was re-elected for one final House of Commons term in 1940. In 1945, Dupuis was appointed to the Senate and held that post until his death on 11 May 1967.

From 1928 to 1930, Dupuis had also served as a municipal councillor of Laprairie, Quebec.

Chambly—Rouville
Chambly—Rouville  was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1968.

This riding was created in 1933 from parts of Chambly—Verchères and St. Hyacinthe—Rouville ridings. It was abolished into Chambly and Saint-Hyacinthe in 1966.
Norman Academy
The Norman Academy (Italian: Accademia Normanna) is an organization established for the promotion of the Arts and Letters, Humanities and Human rights defense throughout the world, incorporated in the State of Florida, United States. It operates also in Rome, Italy, and Banjul, the Gambia.

The Academic Senate awards each year The Capitoline Gold, its highest prize, to figures from around the world for social solidarity, cultural development, political accomplishments, economic contribution, research and science in general.

Attached to the Academy is the unaccredited university "Studiorum Universitas Ruggero II", which issues honorary degrees based on life experience.

Arts and letters
Arts and letters is a historical and traditional term for arts and literature, implying a comprehensive appreciation or study of visual arts, performing arts, and literary arts or literature. The concept is similar to the liberal arts and has been used in similar ways.
AH84
Asian Highway 84 (AH84) is a road in the Asian Highway Network running 1074 km (667 miles) from Doğubeyazıt to Mersin, Turkey. The route is concurrent with European route E90 and European route E99. The route is as follows:

Muradiye
Muradiye (Kurdish: Bêgirî, Armenian: Բերկրի, romanized: Berkri) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey. Its area is 912 km2, and its population is 45,718 (2022). It is best known for its impressive waterfalls.
Cartmell
Cartmell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fraser Cartmell (born 1982), Scottish triathlete

Jack Cartmell (1890–1979), English footballer and trainer

Harry Cartmell (1857–1923), English memoirist

Martha Cartmell (1846–1945), Canadian Methodist/United Church missionary and educator in Japan

Nathaniel Cartmell (1883–1967), American athlete

Tim Cartmell (21st century), American martial artist

Nathaniel Cartmell
Nathaniel John Cartmell (January 13, 1883 – August 23, 1967), also known as Nat and Nate, was an American athlete who won medals at two editions of the Olympic Games. Importantly, Nate was on first racially integrated Men's Medley relay team that won Olympic gold medal at the 1908 London Olympics, which Nate helped form and featured Nate's fellow University of Pennsylvania alumnus and former teammate, Dr. John Baxter Taylor Jr., the first black athlete in America to win a gold medal in the Olympics.  Nate is also known for being the first head coach of the North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball team
Khushwant Walia
Khushwant Walia is an Indian television actor. He is known for playing the role of Rubel Deewan in the Star Plus' television series Pyaar Ka Dard Hai Meetha Meetha Pyaara Pyaara. Later Walia also joined the cast of Life OKs Mere Rang Mein Rangne Waali. Walia was seen in Colors TV's Ishq Ka Rang Safed. He was also seen as Aarav Bharadwaj in Colors TV's Sasural Simar Ka.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Kossmann
Kossmann or Koßmann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Kossmann (1922–1998), Dutch poet and prose writer

Ernst Kossmann (1922–2003), Dutch historian and twin brother of Alfred

Hans Kossmann (born 1962), Canadian-Swiss professional ice hockey coach

Hans Kossmann (alpine skier) (born 1965), Chilean alpine skier

Karl-Richard Koßmann (1896–1969), German general

Kurt Kossmann (born 1966), American professional race car driver

Maarten Kossmann (born 1966), Dutch linguist and professor

Martín Vidaurre Kossmann (born 2000), Chilean cross-country mountain biker

Nina Kossman, Russian-American writer

Reiner Kossmann (1927–2013), German ice hockey player

Yvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach (born 1941), French mathematician and professor

Ernst Kossmann
Ernst Heinrich Kossmann (31 January 1922 – 8 November 2003), often named as E. H. Kossmann in his books, was a Dutch historian. He was professor of Modern History at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. His magnum opus is The Low Countries. History of the Southern and Northern Netherlands.
Amsterdam Metalfest
Amsterdam Metalfest was a biannual metalfestival that took place in the Netherlands' capital city, Amsterdam. As from 2015, it was held in the much acclaimed venue Melkweg (Dutch for "Milky Way") and organised by Metal Amsterdam. Amsterdam Metalfest endeavors to provide a stage for local and (inter)national metalbands and, in doing so, re-establishing the Amsterdam metalscene. It was originally organized in The Sugarfactory, featuring Dutch bands like Cilice, The New Dominion, Red Eyes, Illucinoma and others. The May 2018 edition line-up is Fleshgod Apocalypse, Obscura, The Charm The Fury, Hideous Divinity, For I Am King, Onegodless.

Aborted
Aborted is a Belgian death metal band formed in 1995 in Waregem. The group currently consists of vocalist, founder, and only constant member Sven de Caluwé, along with guitarists Ian Jekelis and Dan Konráðsson. Although the band originally had an entire lineup of members residing in Belgium, Aborted's current lineup now features members from Belgium, Iceland, and the United States. The band has released twelve studio albums, six EPs and one live DVD.

Aborted has been described as a deathgrind band, but their more recent material has been called deathcore. AllMusic has described the band's style as "unrestrained grindcore savagery and meticulously crafted death metal technicality".
Defense Day (Ethiopia)
Defense Day (Amharic: የመከላከያ ቀን) is a national holiday in Ethiopia observed on 26 October to commemorate the establishment of the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) in 1907. Events in this day includes military parades, exhibitions and other ceremonies.

During the EPRDF-era, Defense Day was celebrated in February due to TPLF relating to the party history. The first day was held on 14 February 2013 under the theme of "Our constitutional loyalty and multi-national nature will be preserved."

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር, romanized: Ye’Ītiyop’iya Ḥizibochi Ābiyotawī Dīmokirasīyawī Ginibari) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.
Disappearance at Clifton Hill
Disappearance at Clifton Hill (initially known as Clifton Hill) is a 2019 Canadian thriller film, directed by Albert Shin. The film stars Tuppence Middleton as Abby, a young woman who returns home to Niagara Falls, Ontario, when she inherits a family-owned motel in the city's Clifton Hill tourist district following her mother's death, and becomes obsessed with reconstructing inchoate childhood memories of witnessing a kidnapping.

The film's cast also includes Hannah Gross, Marie-Josée Croze, Andy McQueen, Noah Reid, Dan Lett, Aaron Poole, Connor Jessup, Elizabeth Saunders, and Maxwell McCabe-Lokos, as well as filmmaker David Cronenberg in a rare acting appearance as a local historian and podcaster. The film was nominated for four Canadian Screen Award nominations, including Best Supporting Actor for McQueen.

Connor Jessup
Connor William Jessup (born June 23, 1994) is a Canadian actor. He is known for his roles as Ben Mason on the TNT science fiction television series Falling Skies (2011–2015), Taylor Blaine and Coy Henson in the ABC anthology series American Crime (2016–2017), and Tyler Locke in the Netflix series Locke & Key (2020–2022). He has also starred in feature films, most notably in Blackbird (2012) and Closet Monster (2015).
Krásensko
Krásensko is a municipality and village in Vyškov District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Krásensko lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Vyškov, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Brno, and 193 km (120 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Mangamahoe railway station
Mangamahoe railway station served the small rural community of Mangamahoe in the Wairarapa region of New Zealand’s North Island.  It was located on the Wairarapa Line between the stations of Mauriceville (to the south) and Eketahuna (to the north) with vehicular access from Station Road.  It is the northernmost station site on the Wairarapa Line within the jurisdiction of the Greater Wellington Regional Council before the line passes into territory governed by Horizons Regional Council.

The station opened to all traffic in 1887 and was in service for 82 years, closing to general freight traffic in 1966 and three years later to passengers also.

Mangamāhoe means in English "māhoe (whiteywood) stream".

Wairarapa
The Wairarapa (/ˌwaɪrəˈræpə/; Māori pronunciation: [ˈwaiɾaɾapa]) is a geographical region of New Zealand located in the south-eastern corner of the North Island, east of metropolitan Wellington and south-west of the Hawke's Bay Region. It is lightly populated, having several rural service towns, with Masterton being the largest. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa.

The region is commonly referred to with a definite article, particularly when used after a preposition (e.g., locals will say they live "in the Wairarapa", and travel "to" and "from the Wairarapa").
Postage stamps and postal history of Laos
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Laos.

Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and People's Republic of China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west. Laos traces its history to the Kingdom of Lan Xang or Land of a Million Elephants, which existed from the 14th to the 18th century. After a period as a French protectorate, Laos gained independence in 1953. A long civil war ended officially when the Communist Pathet Lao movement came to power in 1975.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
2007 Mississippi elections
A general election was held in Mississippi on November 6, 2007, to elect to four-year terms for all members of the Mississippi State Legislature (122 representatives, 52 senators), the offices of Governor of Mississippi, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Auditor, State Treasurer, Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce, and Commissioner of Insurance, plus all three members of the Mississippi Transportation Commission and Mississippi Public Service Commission.

The election was generally a success for Republicans, as they held all their statewide elected offices, and won the open Secretary of State and Insurance Commissioner seats, leaving Attorney General Jim Hood the only statewide elected Democratic officeholder. However, Democrats regained control of the State Senate and maintained their majority in the House of Representatives, won a 2-1 majority on the Public Service Commission, and held their 2-1 majority on the Transportation Commission.

Mississippi Transportation Commission
The Mississippi Transportation Commission is a government agency in the U.S. state of Mississippi which is responsible for overseeing the Mississippi Department of Transportation, overseeing the transportation industry, and formulating state transportation policy. It is the only popularly-elected state transportation board in the United States.
Sugar Sugar
Sugar Sugar, Inc. is a confectionery manufacturer and retailer located in Orlando, Florida.

The company is most famous for their handmade hard candy and incredibly large novelty lollipops weighing up to 2 pounds each. One of their specialties is a personalized candy where they form names, words, and logos by hand within each bite-sized piece of hard candy. The style of candymaking is very similar to Great Britain's "stick of rock" or Australia's "lollies" and often called just Rock or Lolly. Sugar-free lollies are also made using Splenda brand sucralose.

They make a variety of other confections, including peanut brittle, cashew brittle, candy apples, caramel apples, and an assortment of chocolate dipped sweets.

First airing in 2006, Sugar Sugar has been featured two of the Food Network's Unwrapped episodes, "Candy Cravings" and "Couch Potato."

Sugar Sugar's exhibition factory is located inside Universal Studios Florida theme park in the San Francisco/Amity themed area.

Sucralose
Sucralose is an artificial sweetener and sugar substitute. In the European Union, it is also known under the E number E955. It is produced by chlorination of sucrose, selectively replacing three of the hydroxy groups—in the C1 and C6 positions of the fructose portion and the C4 position of the glucose portion—to give a 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxyfructose–4-chloro-4-deoxygalactose disaccharide. Sucralose is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar), 3 times as sweet as both aspartame and acesulfame potassium, and 2 times as sweet as sodium saccharin.

The commercial success of sucralose-based products stems from its favorable comparison to other low-calorie sweeteners in terms of taste, stability, and safety.
Sarah Blake (silversmith)
Sarah Blake (sometimes Blane) was an English silversmith.

A resident of London, Blake specialized in the making of spoons. She was the wife of John Blake, a smallworker and spoonmaker, and went into metalworking after his death, registering her first date mark on 15 June 1809. A second mark was registered on 9 January 1821, with a third on 7 November the same year; a variety of marks are known. Blake worked in partnership with her son, John William Blake, and lived at 16 Long Acre. She was retired or dead by February 1823, at which time John registered a mark alone. Besides spoons, the pair produced other tableware, such as forks and tongs.

Several pieces by the Blakes are currently owned by the National Museum of Women in the Arts. These include six Regency teaspoons, dated to 1812; a George IV dessert spoon, dated to 1820; and a George IV sauce ladle, dated to 1821.

Spoon
A spoon (UK: /ˈspuːn/, US: /ˈspun/ SPOON) is a utensil consisting of a shallow bowl (also known as a head), oval or round, at the end of a handle. A type of cutlery (sometimes called flatware in the United States), especially as part of a place setting, it is used primarily for transferring food to the mouth (eating). Spoons are also used in food preparation to measure, mix, stir and toss ingredients and for serving food. Present day spoons are made from metal (notably stainless steel, flat silver or silverware, plated or solid), wood, porcelain or plastic. There are many different types of spoons made from different materials by different cultures for different purposes and food.
Przezwiska
Przezwiska [pʂɛzˈviska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielawy, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 20 km (12 mi) west of Łowicz and 40 km (25 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Łowicz County
Łowicz County (Polish: powiat łowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łowicz, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 987.13 square kilometres (381.1 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 82,338, out of which the population of Łowicz was 30,204, and the rural population was 52,134.
A Twisted Tale
A Twisted Tale, also called Twisted Tales in editions with the complete series, is an anthology series of books based around alternate "What if" spins on Disney animated and Pixar films, in a similar vein to Marvel Comics' What If comic book series. They are published by Disney-Hyperion, and written by different authors, including Liz Braswell, Jen Calonita, Elizabeth Lim, and Farrah Rochon.

What If (comics)
What If, sometimes stylized as What If...?, is a comic book anthology series published by Marvel Comics whose stories explore how the Marvel Universe might have unfolded if key moments in its history had not occurred as they did in mainstream continuity. Since What If debuted in 1977, the comics have been published in 14 series as well as occasional stand-alone issues. In 2024, Marvel announced that What If...? would expand to include alternate explorations of continuity within other non-Marvel Universe properties owned by their parent company The Walt Disney Company from its fifteenth volume onwards, beginning with Aliens: What If...?, based on the Alien franchise, and followed by Marvel & Disney: What if...?, based on classic Disney characters.

In 2021, an animated series based on the What If comics premiered on Disney+, set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe's multiverse.
Shelburne Moriah Mountain
Shelburne Moriah Mountain is a mountain located in Coos County, New Hampshire. The mountain is part of the Carter-Moriah Range of the White Mountains, which runs along the northern east side of Pinkham Notch.  Shelburne Moriah is flanked to the southwest by Middle Moriah Mountain. It is the northernmost Moriah Range summit along the Appalachian Trail, which crosses the Androscoggin River at Shelburne, New Hampshire, and continues north into the Mahoosuc Range.

Mahoosuc Range
The Mahoosuc Range, a northern extension of the White Mountains, straddles the border between New Hampshire and Maine. The range's highest peak, 4,170-foot (1,270 m) Old Speck Mountain, is the fifth-highest peak in Maine. Substantial parts of the range are publicly owned as parts of the National Park Service Appalachian Trail corridor and Grafton Notch State Park in Maine. The range is a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains.

The Appalachian Trail traverses the main ridge of the Mahoosucs between Shelburne, New Hampshire and Grafton Notch in Maine. Mahoosuc Notch, considered one of the most difficult sections of the Appalachian Trail, cuts a deep cleft in the middle of the range between Mahoosuc Mountain and Fulling Mill Mountain.

The exact origins of the word are unknown. One possibility is that it comes from the Abenaki phrase meaning “abode of hungry animals”. It is also plausible that the name corresponds to the Massachusett for “mountain peak”.
Bruce Grant (writer)
Bruce Alexander Grant (4 April 1925 – 3 August 2022) was an Australian journalist, foreign correspondent, government advisor, diplomat, novelist and author of several books on Australian politics and foreign policy.

Australian Institute of International Affairs
The Australian Institute of International Affairs (AIIA) is an Australian research institute and think tank which focuses on International relations. It publishes the Australian Journal of International Affairs. It is one of the oldest active private research institutes in Australia.: 117

The current National President of the AIIA is Heather Smith who succeeded Allan Gyngell, the former executive director of the Australian Office of National Assessments. The current National Executive Director is Bryce Wakefield.