hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Order of the Durrani Empire
The Order of the Durrani Empire (Nishan-i-Daulat-i-Durrani) was awarded to British field officers and above during the First Afghan War by Shah Shujah Durrani of Afghanistan in gratitude for his restoration to the throne.

The first investiture of the order was held at a grand durbar in the courtyard of the Harem Serai of the Bala Hissar, Kabul, on the evening of 17 September 1839. At the time there were not enough decorations prepared but on the day those who were not on duty were presented before the king. The result was that there are numerous variations in the stars and medals as many were subsequently made in India and Europe, particularly in the number of pearls on the order.

There were three classes to the order as to emulate the three classes of the Order of the Bath. The first and second classes had both a star and a medal while the third consisted of a medal only. The medal of all three classes had the red/green ribbon of the Ghuznee Medal.

Bala Hissar, Kabul
Bala Hissar (lit. 'High Fort') was an ancient fortress located in the south of the old city of Kabul, Afghanistan. The estimated date of construction is around the 5th century AD. Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Shēr Darwāzah (lion door) mountain. The Walls of Kabul, which are 20 feet (6.1 m) high and 12 feet (3.7 m) thick, start at the fortress and follow the mountain ridge in a sweeping curve down to the river. It sports a set of gates for access to the fortress. The Kōh-e Shēr Darwāzah mountain is behind the fort. It was destroyed by the British in 1880 during the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

Bala Hissar was originally divided into two parts: The lower fortress, containing the stables, barracks and three royal palaces, and the upper fortress (the actual fort with the name Bala Hissar) housing the armory and the dungeon of Kabul, known as the "Black Pit" (the Siyah Chal).
Fonse Faour
Alphonsus (Fonse) Faour (born November 16, 1951, in Corner Brook, Newfoundland) is a former Canadian politician.
Faour represented the electoral district of Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe, which he won in a 1978 by-election following the resignation of Jack Marshall. In the general election the following year, Faour retained the renamed seat of Humber—Port au Port—St. Barbe. However, in the 1980 election, Faour was defeated by Brian Tobin.

After the election, he became leader of the Newfoundland and Labrador New Democratic Party from 1980 to 1981. He resigned due to difficulties in concurrently maintaining his law practice and leading the party without a seat in the legislature.

In 2003, Faour was appointed to the trial division of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Corner Brook
Corner Brook (2021 population: 19,316 CA 29,762) is a city located on the west coast of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Corner Brook is the fifth largest settlement in Newfoundland and Labrador, and the largest outside the Avalon Peninsula.

Located on the Bay of Islands at the mouth of the Humber River, the city is the second-largest population centre in the province behind St. John's, and smallest of three cities behind St. John's and Mount Pearl. As such, Corner Brook functions as a service centre for western and northern Newfoundland. It is located on the same latitude as Gaspé, Quebec, a city of similar size and landscape on the other side of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Corner Brook is the most northern city in Atlantic Canada.

It is the administrative headquarters of the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nations band government. The Mi'kmaq name for the nearby Humber River is "Maqtukwek."
Andrzej Kajetan Wróblewski
Andrzej Kajetan Wróblewski (Polish pronunciation: Vrooblevski, born 7 August 1933 in Warsaw) – Polish experimental physicist, ordinary professor doctor habilitatus (since 1971), dean of the Physics Department Warsaw University (1986–1989), Rector of the Warsaw University (1989–1993), President of the Academic Council of the Institute for the History of Science, Polish Academy of Sciences.

Member of the PAS (since 1976), Warsaw Scientific Society (since 1983), Polish Physical Society and Polish Astronomical Society.

Polish Astronomical Society
The Polish Astronomical Society (Polish: Polskie Towarzystwo Astronomiczne, PTA) is science society in Poland, founded in 1923, with headquarters in Warsaw. Members of PTA are professional astronomers. Purpose of the association is promoting the development of astronomical science, their teaching and outreach in community. PTA is involved in publishing astronomical books, as well as popular science magazine Urania - Postępy Astronomii. PTA is also a producer of a TV series Astronarium about astronomy and space. The society organizes conferences and contests. Current President of PTA is Marek Sarna and number of members is around 280. Polish Astronomical Society is a member of the European Astronomical Society.

Since 2003, the Polish Astronomical Society has been presenting scientists with the Bohdan Paczyński Medal for significant contributions to astronomy and astrophysics as well as the Włodzimierz Zonn Prize (since 1983) for popularizing the knowledge of the universe.
Tom Preissing
Thomas Joseph Preissing (born December 3, 1978) is an American former professional ice hockey player who played six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). Preissing played in 326 NHL games with the San Jose Sharks, Ottawa Senators, Los Angeles Kings and the Colorado Avalanche. Preissing was born in Arlington Heights, Illinois, but grew up in Rosemount, Minnesota.

Arlington Heights, Illinois
Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. A northwestern suburb of Chicago, it lies about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the city's downtown. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 77,676, making it the 15th-most populous municipality in Illinois.

Arlington Heights is known for the former Arlington Park Race Track, home of the Arlington Million, a Breeders' Cup qualifying event; it also hosted the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships in 2002.
2015 Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen
The 2015 Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen was the 69th edition of the Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen (English: Three Days of West Flanders) cycling stage race. Rated as a 2.1 event by the UCI as part of the UCI Europe Tour, the race took place from 6 to 8 March 2015.

The defending champion was Gert Jõeäär (Cofidis), who won the 2014 race, which used a very similar course, after victory in the opening time trial. He was succeeded in 2015 by Yves Lampaert (Etixx–Quick-Step), who came fourth in the prologue, won the first road stage of the race from a breakaway and defended his race lead in the final stage. As well as winning the overall classification, he won the points, youth and West Flanders classifications, while his team won the teams classification.

Ichtegem
Ichtegem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɪxtəɣɛm]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders 15 km southwest of Bruges. The municipality comprises the towns of Bekegem, Eernegem and Ichtegem proper. On January 1, 2006 Ichtegem had a total population of 13,423. The total area is 45.33 km2 which gives a population density of 296 inhabitants per km2. The current mayor is Karl Bonny.

In 2006, Ichtegem was declared the official Dorp van de Ronde (Town of the Tour) for the 90th annual road cycling race the Tour of Flanders.

Ichtegem also gained a bit of notoriety when on November 20, 1990, a man was stabbed to death during a concert of American progressive metal band Queensrÿche at the local sports hall Keiberg.
Sulo Vaattovaara
Sulo Vaattovaara (born 18 July 1962) is a Swedish former footballer who played as a defender. During his club career, Vaattovaara played for Gällivare SK, Hammarby IF, IFK Norrköping and IF Sylvia between 1980 and 1999. He made 6 appearances for the Sweden national team. He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics. Vaattovaara is of Finnish descent.

IFK Norrköping
Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna Norrköping, more commonly known as IFK Norrköping or simply Norrköping, is a Swedish professional football club based in Norrköping. The club is affiliated to Östergötlands Fotbollförbund and play their home games at PlatinumCars Arena. The club colours, reflected in their crest and kit, are white and blue. Formed on 29 May 1897, the club have won thirteen national championship titles and six national cup titles.

The club plays in the highest Swedish tier, Allsvenskan, which they first won in 1943. IFK Norrköping were most successful during the 1940s, when they won five Swedish championships and two Svenska Cupen titles under the Hungarian coach Lajos Czeizler and with players like Gunnar Nordahl and Nils Liedholm.

IFK Norrköping won the 2015 Allsvenskan, their first win since 1989, which also gave them a spot in the second qualification round of 2016–17 UEFA Champions League.
KGBB
KGBB (103.9 FM, "Bob FM") is a commercial radio station that is licensed to Edwards, California and serves the Antelope Valley area. The station is owned by Adelman Broadcasting, Inc. and broadcasts an adult hits format under the "Bob FM" moniker.

Edwards, California
Edwards (formerly, Muroc and Wherry Housing) is an unincorporated community in Kern County, California.

It is located 16 miles (26 km) east-southeast of Mojave,  about 22 miles (35 km) northeast of Lancaster, 15 miles (24 km) east of Rosamond, and 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south of California City at an elevation of 2,356 feet (718 m).

The area was originally a housing site for the air force base that surrounds it. The place name changed to Edwards in 1951 (after the base was renamed and a post office transferred from Muroc was established). It is part of the Edwards Air Force Base reservation.
James Bonar (philanthropist)
James Bonar WS (1801–1867) was a Scottish lawyer and philanthropist who was involved in the Disruption of 1843 serving as Secretary to the Senetus of New College of the Free Church of Scotland and was involved in several organisations in Edinburgh.

Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)
The Free Church of Scotland is a Scottish denomination which was formed in 1843 by a large withdrawal from the established Church of Scotland in a schism known as the Disruption of 1843. In 1900, the vast majority of the Free Church of Scotland joined with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland to form the United Free Church of Scotland (which itself mostly re-united with the Church of Scotland in 1929). In 1904, the House of Lords judged that the constitutional minority that did not enter the 1900 union were entitled to the whole of the church's patrimony (see Bannatyne v. Overtoun); the residual Free Church of Scotland acquiesced in the division of those assets, between itself and those who had entered the union, by a Royal Commission in 1905. Despite the late founding date, the leadership held a doctrine of unbroken succession of leaders going back to the Apostles.
Martin Robinson (tennis)
Martin Robinson (born 19 October 1955) is a British former professional tennis player.

A left-handed player from Bolton, Robinson competed on the professional tour in the 1970s and reached a career singles best ranking of 105 in the world.

In the 1975 season he made the second round of both the Australian Open and French Open.

Robinson also featured in the main draw at Wimbledon during his career, including in 1976 when he lost in the first round to seventh seed Roscoe Tanner.

Roscoe Tanner
Leonard Roscoe Tanner (born October 15, 1951) is an American former professional tennis player. He reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 4 on July 30, 1979.

Tanner won 16 titles throughout his career. Tanner was famous for his big left-handed serve, which was reportedly clocked at 153 miles per hour (246 km/h) at the Mission Hills Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California on February 19, 1978 during the 1978 American Airlines Tennis Games singles final against Raúl Ramírez.
He is also known for winning the men's singles title at the first of two Australian Open tournaments held in 1977. Tanner won the tournament held in January. Tanner reached the Wimbledon final in 1979, narrowly losing to Björn Borg in five sets.

After his retirement, Tanner received media attention in the 2000s for legal problems that included stretches of imprisonment, arrests for missing child support payments, allegations of financial misdeeds, and bankruptcy (see § Legal issues).
Dublin–Waterford railway line
The Dublin-Waterford line is a railway line in Ireland connecting Dublin with the major port of Waterford City in County Waterford. The line is part of the significant network of InterCity routes connected to the Dublin-Cork Main Line from Dublin Heuston. The line was constructed by the Great Southern and Western Railway. At Cherryville Junction, County Kildare the line splits from the Cork line.  Both passenger and freight services run on the line. InterCity passenger services are operated by the 22000 Class DMUs. Kilkenny is located on a short spur off the line; freight trains use the Lavistown loop line to avoid reversal there.

Inter-city rail
Inter-city rail services are express trains that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains. They include rail services that are neither short-distance commuter rail trains within one city area nor slow regional rail trains stopping at all stations and covering local journeys only. An inter-city train is typically an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel.

Inter-city rail sometimes provides international services. This is most prevalent in Europe because of the proximity of its 50 countries to a 10,180,000-square-kilometre (3,930,000-square-mile) area. Eurostar and EuroCity are examples. In many European countries, the word InterCity or Inter-City is an official brand name for a network of regular-interval and relatively long-distance train services that meet certain criteria of speed and comfort. That use of the term appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and has been widely imitated.
Abdellah Jlaidi
Abdellah Jlaidi (born 13 May 1981) is a Moroccan retired footballer who mostly played as a midfielder.

Jlaidi was born in Marrakesh and began playing football with the youth side of local club Kawkab Marrakech. He made his debut in the Moroccan Botola against Hassania Agadir during the 1999–2000 season. He moved to Raja Casablanca in 2007.

Hassania Agadir
Hassania Union Sport d'Agadir (Arabic: الحسنية الاتحاد الرياضي لأكادير, romanized: al-ḥasaniyya al-ittiḥād ar-riyāḍiyy li-ʾagādīr) commonly referred to as Hassania Agadir and known as l'Hassania, or simply as HUSA, is a Moroccan football club based in Agadir. The club was founded on 22 December 1946. It plays its home games at Adrar Stadium.
Rossola nera
Rossola nera is a red Italian wine grape variety that has been growing in the Valtellina region of Lombardy since at least the 17th century. In 2004 DNA profiling determined that the grape has a parent-offspring relationship with the Piedmont wine grape Nebbiolo though which variety is the parent and which is the offspring is not yet clear. However, most ampelographers believe that Nebbiolo is likely the parent variety since written records in Piedmont have noted Nebbiolo being grown since at least the 13th century.

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime. It is also used in paternity testing, to establish immigration eligibility, and in genealogical and medical research. DNA profiling has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture. DNA profiling was discovered by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 while he was working at the University of Leicester. He developed the technique of genetic fingerprinting by realizing that some regions of DNA have highly variable repetitive sequences that are unique to each individual.
Claridon Congregational Church
Claridon Congregational Church is a historic church building on U.S. Route 322 in Claridon Township in Geauga County, Ohio.

The Greek Revival meetinghouse was constructed in 1831 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. The congregation is currently affiliated with the United Church of Christ (UCC).

Claridon Township, Geauga County, Ohio
Claridon Township is one of the sixteen townships of Geauga County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 3,103, of whom 2,865 lived in the unincorporated portions of the township.
James Pitt Mabee
James Pitt Mabee (November 5, 1859 – May 6, 1912) was a Canadian lawyer, judge, and railway commissioner.

Born in Port Rowan, Canada West, Mabee studied at University of Toronto and Osgoode Hall before being called to the Bar in 1882. A lawyer, he ran unsuccessfully as the Liberal Party of Canada candidate against Alexander Ferguson MacLaren in the riding of Perth North in the Federal election of 1904. In 1905, he was appointed the first chairman of the Canadian section of the International Waterways Commission. Later in 1905, he resigned when he was appointed the chancery division of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. In 1908. he was appointed head of the Board of Railway Commissioners succeeding Albert Clements Killam. He served until getting appendicitis in April 1912. He died of the complications from gangrene in May 1912 and was buried in the Anglican cemetery at Port Rowan.

Port Rowan
Port Rowan is a town in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada. It is located on Lake Erie, adjacent to Long Point. The lakeside community has a population of 1,357 people as of 2021 and sports a number of traditional small businesses which have been operating in the town for decades.

While most of the streets have sidewalks, people are safer to walk in a single line. Walking in this community is possible on a year-round basis and most of the trails are gravel unlike Delhi or Langton where the trails are asphalt.

Port Rowan was the home of Robert F. Hill, a film director, screenwriter and actor who worked in Hollywood from the 1910s to the 1960s; specializing in silent films.
University Press of Southern Denmark
University Press of Southern Denmark (Danish: Syddansk Universitetsforlag) is Denmark's largest university press and was founded in 1966 as Odense University Press (Odense Universitetsforlag). The press publishes books from the world of science in the broadest sense of the word. Its authors are mainly academics from the University of Southern Denmark and from Denmark's other centres of higher education. The University Press of Southern Denmark also publishes a wide range of textbooks and teaching materials, as well as periodicals.

University of Southern Denmark
The University of Southern Denmark (Danish: Syddansk Universitet, lit. 'South Danish University', abbr. SDU) has campuses located in Southern Denmark and on Zealand. It offers a number of joint programmes in co-operation with the University of Flensburg and the University of Kiel. Contacts with regional industries and the international scientific community are strong.

With its 29,674 enrolled students (as of 2016), the university is both the third-largest and, given its roots in Odense University, the third-oldest Danish university (fourth if one includes the Technical University of Denmark). Since the introduction of the ranking systems in 2012, the University of Southern Denmark has been ranked between 36th (2012 ), 38th (2013 ), 37th (2014), and 44th (2015 ) in the world by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings in the Top 100 Universities Under 50 List. It is also one of the Top 50 Universities Under 50 according to QS World University Rankings from 2012-2015.
Konomai gold mine
The  Konomai Mines (鴻之舞 鉱山, Kōnomai Kōzan) are located 30 km south of Monbetsu, Abashiri Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan (44° 23' North : 143° 22' East).
The discovery was made in 1915. From then until 1973 when the mine was closed, 73 tons of gold and 1200 tons of silver were produced by the Sumitomo group.

It was one of the richest gold mines in Japan and referred to as "the biggest goldmine in the Orient". At its peak in the 1940s, 13,000 miners, their families, and attendant merchants lived in the area.

Right: The monument of KonomaiLeft: The cenotaph for the victims of mining accidents

The chimney of the old refinery, visible from Prefectural Route 305

Ruin of Konomai

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Oakes baronets
There have been three baronetcies created for persons with the surname Oakes, all in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Two of the creations were in favour of the same person.

Oakes baronets of the Army (1813): see Hildebrand Oakes

Oakes baronets of Hereford (1815), Hildebrand Oakes being 1st Baronet

Oakes baronets of Nassau (1939)

Oakes baronets of Hereford (1815)
The Oakes baronetcy of Hereford was created on 1 June 1815 for the soldier Hildebrand Oakes in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom; a second patent, in addition to one created for Oakes on 2 November 1813, it had a special remainder to his brother Henry. The 1813 creation became extinct on his death in 1822 while he was succeeded in the 1815 creation according to the special remainder by Henry, the 2nd Baronet. This title became extinct on the death of the 4th Baronet, in 1927.
İske Kişet
İske Kişet (Tatar: Иске Кишет, romanized: İske Kişet) is a rural locality (a selo) in Arça District, Tatarstan. The population was 418 as of 2010.
İske Kişet is located 29 km from Arça, district's administrative centre, and 77 km from Ԛazаn, republic's capital, by road.
The village already existed during the period of the Qazan Khanate.
There are 3 streets in the village.

Arsk
Arsk (Russian: Арск, IPA: [ˈarsk]; Tatar: Арча) is a town and the administrative center of Arsky District in Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Kazanka River, 65 kilometers (40 mi) from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 18,114.
Significance of numbers in Judaism
Various numbers play a significant role in Jewish texts or practice. Some such numbers were used as mnemonics to help remember concepts, while other numbers were considered to have intrinsic significance or allusive meaning.

The song Echad Mi Yodea ("who knows one?"), sung at the Passover Seder, is known for recounting a religious concept or practice associated with each of the first 13 numbers.

Echad Mi Yodea
"Echad Mi Yodea" (Hebrew: אחד מי יודע?, lit. 'One, Who Knows?') is a traditional cumulative song sung on Passover and found in the haggadah.  It enumerates common Jewish motifs and teachings. It is meant to be fun and humorous, while still imparting important lessons to the children present.

Recitation is varied from family to family. The song has versions in Hebrew, Yiddish, Arabic, and many other vernacular languages. Sometimes it is played as a memory game, recited without looking. Sometimes the goal is to recite the entire verse in one breath.