hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martha MacGuffie
Martha M. MacGuffie (1924–2011) (nicknamed "Bobby") was the first woman reconstructive and plastic surgeon to graduate from the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, in 1949. She was also the first woman surgeon to serve on the staff of a major suburban hospital, at Nyack Hospital in Nyack, New York. Macguffie helped establish the burns unit there and developed a water bed to reduce pain experienced by burn patients. During her 50-year medical career, MacGuffie treated over 50,000 patients. In 2003, the journal P&S published by the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia named her to their list of 15 "P&S Graduates who Helped Change the World". She died on March 7, 2011.

Nyack, New York
Nyack (English pronunciation: /ˈnaɪæk/ ⓘ) is a village primarily located in the town of Orangetown in Rockland County, New York, United States. Incorporated in 1872, a small western section of the village lies in Clarkstown. The population was 7,265 at the time of the 2020 census. It is a suburb of New York City approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of the Manhattan boundary on the west bank of the Hudson River, north of South Nyack, east of Central Nyack, south of Upper Nyack, and southeast of Valley Cottage.
Haselmere (surname)
Haselmere is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Haselmere (fl. 1331–1352s), English politician, ancestor of Thomas

Teddy Haselmere (1895–1983), English rugby union player

Thomas Haselmere (fl. 1410s), English politician

Thomas Haselmere
Thomas Haselmere (fl. 1410s) of Shaftesbury, Dorset, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Shaftesbury in April 1414. He was Mayor of Shaftesbury 1414–15.

He was a descendant of John Haselmere, mayor of Shaftesbury 1331–2 and 1351–2.
Battle of Jeokjinpo
The Battle of Jeokjinpo was fought on 8 May 1592. After the Battle of Happo, further reports of an additional 13 Japanese ships prevented Yi Sun-sin and his fleet from resting long on the morning of 8 May. Admiral Yi once again ordered his fleet to pursue the Japanese in the direction of Jinhae. The Korean forces caught up with the Japanese ships at Jeokjinpo. The Koreans easily sank 11 Japanese warships.

Jinhae District
Jinhae District (Korean: 진해구; RR: Jinhae-gu) is a district of Changwon, South Korea.  This region is served by the Korean National Railroad, and is famous for its annual cherry blossom festival every spring.

The city front is on a sheltered, island-studded bay, and is almost completely surrounded by mountains covered with pine trees.

The emblem of Jinhae contains a cherry blossom.
Cleopatra V
Cleopatra V (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα; died c. 69–68 BC) was a Ptolemaic Queen of Egypt. She is the only surely attested wife of Ptolemy XII. Her only known child is Berenice IV, but she was also possibly the mother of Cleopatra VII. It is unclear if she died around the time of Cleopatra VII's birth in 69 BC. If she did not die in c. 69 BC, she may be the same person as the co-ruler of Berenice IV, known as Cleopatra VI. No written records about Cleopatra VI exist after 57 BC. Berenice IV was overthrown by Ptolemy XII in 55 BC, when his throne was restored with Roman military aid.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Peter Voss, Thief of Millions (1932 film)
Peter Voss, Thief of Millions (German: Peter Voss, der Millionendieb) is a 1932 German comedy crime film directed by Ewald André Dupont and starring Willi Forst, Alice Treff, and Paul Hörbiger. It was based on the 1913 novel of the same title by Ewald Gerhard Seeliger which has been adapted into a number of films including previously in 1921 and later in 1946. It was the second to last film made by Dupont in Germany before he was forced to flee to the United States following the rise of the Nazi Party.

It was shot at the Emelka Studios in Munich with location shooting in Marseille. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Ludwig Reiber and Willy Reiber.

Ludwig Reiber
Ludwig Reiber (1904–1979) was a German art director. The veteran Reiber worked on film and television set design from the silent era to the early 1970s. He was employed by the Munich-based Bavaria Film at the Emelka Studios. He worked on two Alfred Hitchcock films during the 1920s that were shot at Emekla. Following the Second World War he was employed on several European-made Hollywood productions such as Decision Before Dawn and Paths of Glory.
Chandranath Mishra Amar
Chandranath Mishra Amar (2 March 1925 – 1 April 2021) was a Maithili writer and poet. He was the recipient of the Sahitya Akademi award for his 1982 work Maithili Patrakaritak Itahas. He also won the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for the year 2010.

Maithili language
Maithili (Tirhuta: 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲, /ˈmaɪtɪli/ MY-til-ee, Maithili: [ˈməi̯tʰɪliː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is the second most commonly spoken native Nepalese language constitutionally registered as one of the fourteen provincial official languages of Nepal.

It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are Nepalese speakers. The language is predominantly written in Devanagari, but the historical Tirhuta and Kaithi scripts retain some use until today.
Dan Suter
Dan Suter (born 29 June 1993) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays for the Dragons regional team as a prop. He was also a Wales under-20 international.

Suter made his debut for the Ospreys regional team in 2012 having previously played for the Ospreys academy, Bridgend Ravens, Aberavon RFC, Swansea RFC and Tonmawr RFC. He was released by the Ospreys at the end of the 2016–17 season.

Suter joined the Dragons for the 2017–18 season.

Tonmawr RFC
Tonmawr are a Welsh rugby union club based in Tonmawr, Neath Port Talbot in South Wales. Tonmawr are a feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
Tonmawr have a tradition of producing players who go onto represent the Ospreys region - these players include current Wales head coach Steve Tandy, winger Kristian Phillips, Wales international centre Ashley Beck and Wales 7's International Stef Andrews.
2004 London mayoral election
The 2004 election to the post of Mayor of London took place on 10 June 2004. It was being held on the same day as other local elections and the UK part of the 2004 European Parliament elections, so Londoners had a total of five votes on three ballot papers. Polling opened at 07:00 local time, and closed at 22:00. See: 2004 UK elections. The Supplementary Vote system was used.

Ken Livingstone gained the Labour party's nomination on 2 January 2004, three weeks after being re-admitted to the Labour Party, after deputy Mayor Nicky Gavron, the previous candidate-elect, stepped down in favour of Livingstone.

Council Tax
Council Tax is a local taxation system used in England, Scotland and Wales. It is a tax on domestic property, which was introduced in 1993 by the Local Government Finance Act 1992, replacing the short-lived Community Charge (also known as "poll tax"), which in turn had replaced the domestic rates. Each property is assigned one of eight bands in England and Scotland (A to H), or nine bands in Wales (A to I), based on property value, and the tax is set as a fixed amount for each band. The higher the band, the higher the tax. Some property is exempt from the tax, and some people are exempt from the tax, while some get a discount.

In 2011, the average annual levy on a property in England was £1,196 (equivalent to £1,841 in 2023). In 2014–15, the tax raised enough money to cover 24.3% of council expenditure.

Council Tax is difficult to avoid or evade and therefore has one of the highest collection rates of any tax, with in-year collection rates of 97.0% in 2014–15.
Bart De Pontieu
Bart De Pontieu is a solar physicist who works at Lockheed Martin's Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory. He is known for his work on the dynamics and heating of the solar chromosphere, transition region and corona, via both wave mechanisms and nanoflares.  De Pontieu has had a major role in multiple solar scientific space missions, including TRACE, Hinode, the Solar Dynamics Observatory, and IRIS. He is the Principal Investigator of the in-development Multi-slit Solar Explorer selected by NASA in February 2022.

De Pontieu is a member of the American Astronomical Society and its Solar Physics Division, as well as the American Geophysical Union and the Belgian Astronomical Society (Vereniging voor Sterrenkunde).  He was elected to the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 2018.

Principal investigator
In many countries, the term principal investigator (PI) refers to the holder of an independent grant and the lead researcher for the grant project, usually in the sciences, such as a laboratory study or a clinical trial. The phrase is also often used as a synonym for "head of the laboratory" or "research group leader". While the expression is common in the sciences, it is used widely for the person or persons who make final decisions and supervise funding and expenditures on a given research project.

A co-investigator (Co-I) assists the principal investigator in the management and leadership of the research project. There may be a number of co-investigators supporting a PI.
Nicotinamide ribonucleoside uptake transporters
The Nicotinamide Ribonucleoside (NR) Uptake Permease (PnuC) Family (TC# 4.B.1) is a family of transmembrane transporters that is part of the TOG superfamily. Close PnuC homologues are found in a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes.

Walker motifs
The Walker A and Walker B motifs are protein sequence motifs, known to have highly conserved three-dimensional structures. These were first reported in ATP-binding proteins by Walker and co-workers in 1982.

Of the two motifs, the A motif is the main "P-loop" responsible for binding phosphate, while the B motif is a much less conserved downstream region. The P-loop is best known for its presence in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins, and is also found in a variety of proteins with phosphorylated substrates. Major lineages include:

RecA and rotor ATP synthase / ATPases (α and β subunits).

Nucleic acid-dependent ATPases: helicases, Swi2, and PhoH (InterPro: IPR003714)

AAA proteins

STAND NTPases including MJ, PH, AP, and NACHT ATPases

ABC-PilT ATPases

Nucleotide kinases (InterPro: IPR000850)

G domain proteins: G-proteins (transducin), myosin.
Loöq Records
Loöq Records is a record label founded by electronic music producers and DJs Jondi & Spesh in 1998.  Like Jondi & Spesh, Loöq is based in San Francisco, California.  They have featured over 70 releases from such artists as Momu and Digital Witchcraft.

Digital Witchcraft
Digital Witchcraft is a duo of electronic music producers Ned Shepard and Marcus Bacalis.  Shepard and Bacalis met in 2000 in Orlando, Florida where they were both attending recording school.  For their single, "Fingerpaint", Proton Music held a remix contest judged by Digital Witchcraft.  The winner was the duo R&M with the runner up being the artist Opencloud.  Both of their remixes were released as b-sides for the "Fingerpaint" single on Proton.
Lilian Snelling
Lilian Snelling (1879–1972) was "probably the most important British botanical artist of the first half of the 20th century".
She was the principal artist and lithographer to Curtis's Botanical Magazine between 1921 and 1952 and "was considered one of the greatest botanical artists of her time" – "her paintings were both detailed and accurate and immensely beautiful".
She was appointed MBE in 1954 and was awarded the Victoria Medal in 1955. The standard author abbreviation Snelling is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies four sites across Scotland—Edinburgh, Dawyck, Logan and Benmore—each with its own specialist collection. The RBGE's living collection consists of more than 13,302 plant species (34,422 accessions), whilst the herbarium contains in excess of 3 million preserved specimens.

The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government. The Edinburgh site is the main garden and the headquarters of the public body, which is led by Regius Keeper Dr Julia Knights.
Grahovac (surname)
Grahovac is a South Slavic surname.

Notable people with the surname include:

Blagoje Grahovac (born 1949), Montenegrin military officer and journalist

Branko Grahovac (born 1983), Bosnian footballer

Gavin Grahovac (born 2005), American baseball player

Gregor Grahovac (born 2000), Slovenian athlete

Nebojša Grahovac (born 1984), Bosnian handball player

Srđan Grahovac (born 1992), Bosnian footballer

Vladimir Grahovac (born 1975), Serbian politician

Nebojša Grahovac
Nebojša Grahovac (born 11 February 1984) is a Bosnian handball player for C' Chartres MHB and the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.

He previously played for RK Prijedor, Borac Banja Luka, Bosna Sarajevo and Chambéry.
1988 Torneo Godó
The 1988 Torneo Godó was a men's professional tennis tournament that was played on outdoor clay courts at the Real Club de Tenis Barcelona in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain that was part of the 1988 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 36th edition of the tournament and took place from 12 September to 18 September 1988. Second-seeded Kent Carlsson won his second singles title at the event after 1986.

This event also carried the joint denominations of the Campeonatos Internacionales de España or Spanish International Championships that was hosted at this venue and location, and was 21st edition to be held in Barcelona, and the Trofeo Winston Super Series and was the 2nd edition branded under that name.

Spanish Open (tennis)
The Spanish Open is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated women's tennis tournament played from 1972 to 1995. It was held at the Real Club de Tenis Barcelona in Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain and played on outdoor clay courts. It was a Tier V event from 1988 to 1989, a Tier IV event in 1990, a Tier III event from 1991 to 1992 and a Tier II event from 1993 to 1995.

In the 1970s the event was known as the Spanish Championships before becoming an Open in the 1980s and 1990s. It was replaced on the WTA Tour by the Madrid Open in 1996.
Juan Suero
Juan Ceferino Suero y Carmona (1808 – March 19, 1864) also known by his nickname, Black Cid, was a Dominican military commander who fought in the Dominican War of Independence. He later fought, however, in the service of Spain, in the Dominican Restoration War, in which he died after receiving a bullet wound during the Battle of Paso del Muerto, on March 19, 1864.

Battle of Sabana Larga
The Battle of Sabana Larga (Spanish: Batalla de Sabana Larga) was a major battle during the years after the Dominican War of Independence. It was fought on 24 January 1856 in Sabana Larga, Dajabón. A force of 8,000 Dominican troops of the northern army, led by General Juan Luis Franco Bidó, defeated a numerically larger force of 22,000 troops of the Haitian Army under Emperor Faustin I. Another part of the Haitian army was entrenched in Jácuba near Puerto Plata, but were defeated by Florentino and General Peter Lucas Peña.
James Swift (trade unionist)
James Swift (1841 or 1842 – March 1904) was a British trade unionist.

Swift was elected as general secretary of the Steam Engine Makers' Society in 1874.  The craft union he headed, though fairly small, was one of the longest-established trade unions in the UK.  Based in Manchester, Swift soon became one of the best-known trade unionists in the region.  He represented the union at the Trades Union Congress (TUC), being elected to the Parliamentary Committee of the TUC in 1886, and as its Chairman in 1889.

Swift strongly opposed the New Unionism of the 1890s, and lost his seat on the Parliamentary Committee, but was happy to take a prominent role in industrial disputes alongside the Amalgamated Society of Engineers.  In 1895, he was appointed as a Justice of the Peace, and also became a Visiting Justice at Strangeways Prison.

New unionism
New unionism is a term used to describe moves to broaden the trade union agenda. It has been used twice in the history of the labor movement. Ben Tillett was a prominent leader of the London Dock strike of 1889. He formed the Dock, Wharf, Riverside and General Laborers' Union in 1889, which had support from skilled workers. Its 30,000 members won an advance in wages and working conditions.
Somontano
Somontano is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) for wines, created in 1984, and located in the county of the same name, in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. It borders the regions of Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in the north, Hoya de Huesca in the west, the Monegros in the south, and La Litera in the east. Wine production is centred on the town of Barbastro. The name Somontano derives from Latin roots meaning “beneath the mountain”. The area spreads out from the foothills of the Pyrenees down to the Ebro valley. The DOP includes 43 municipalities, most of them in the Somontano area, and a few bordering on Ribagorza and the Monegros. There are over 4000 hectares of vines and about 500 individual grape-growers.

Ebro
The Ebro (Spanish and Basque [ˈeβɾo] ⓘ; Catalan: Ebre, Western: [ˈeβɾe], Eastern: [ˈeβɾə]) is a river of the north and northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, in Spain. It rises in Cantabria and flows 930 kilometres (580 mi), almost entirely in an east-southeast direction. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea, forming a delta in the Terres de l'Ebre region, in southern Catalonia. In the Iberian peninsula, it ranks second in length after the Tagus and second in discharge volume, and drainage basin, after the Douro. It is the longest river entirely within Spain; the other two mentioned flow into Portugal.

The Ebro flows through many cities (Spanish: ciudades): Reinosa in Cantabria; Frías and Miranda de Ebro in Castile and León; Haro, Logroño, Calahorra, and Alfaro in La Rioja; Tudela in Navarre; Alagón, Utebo, and Zaragoza in Aragon; and Flix, Móra d'Ebre, Benifallet, Tivenys, Xerta, Aldover, Tortosa, and Amposta in the province of Tarragona (Catalonia).
Ouzioua
Ouzioua is a small town and rural commune in Taroudant Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 7467 people living in 1194 households.

Souss-Massa-Drâa
Souss-Massa-Drâa (Arabic: سوس ماسة درعة) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It covered an area of 70,880 km2 and had a population of 3,601,917 (2014 census). The capital is Agadir. One of the major languages spoken in this region of Morocco is tasoussit variant of Tashelhit.
Yury Dubinin (wrestler)
Yury Dubinin (born 10 September 1976 in Beloretsk) is a male freestyle wrestler from Belarus. He participated in men's freestyle 60 kg at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Dubinin lost to South Korea's Jung Ji-Hyun and did not advance past the first round.

Beloretsk
Beloretsk (Russian: Белоре́цк; Bashkir: Белорет, romanized: Beloret) is a town in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located on the Belaya River, 245 kilometers (152 mi) from Ufa. Population:  68,806 (2010 Census); 71,093 (2002 Census); 72,434 (1989 Soviet census).
Don Peters
Don Peters is a former American gymnastics coach and head coach of the United States women's gymnastics team at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was hired as head coach SCATS Gymnastics, a gymnastics club in Huntington Beach, California.

Peters played football at Bellmar High School under coach Baptiste Manzini and later played at Belle Vernon Area High School. He later attended West Chester University and was a member of the West Chester Golden Rams gymnastics team and was team captain for his last year.

Peters coached at Grossfeld School of Gymnastics then later SCATS Gymnastics. He became the head coach of the United States women's national artistic gymnastics team and oversaw their team silver medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

In 2011, Peters was banned for life by USA Gymnastics and removed from the hall of fame after allegations surfaced that he had sexually assaulted three teenage gymnasts.

United States women's national artistic gymnastics team
The United States women's national artistic gymnastics team represents the United States in FIG international competitions.

As of 2024, the U.S. team is the reigning World team champion and the reigning Olympic team gold medalists, with the five gymnasts nicknamed the "Golden Girls."
James Downey (Internet performance artist)
James Downey (born July 4, 1958) is an American author and rare book and document conservator. He is also known as an internet performance artist, who has organized two relatively high-profile stunts, "Paint the Moon" and "Nobel Prize for Jo". In addition, he is one of the principals behind the ballistics research project Ballistics by the Inch and was a writer for Guns.com. His This I Believe essay  was one of the most widely read prior to its broadcast on March 23, 2015.

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Downey graduated from Grinnell College in Iowa, and did graduate work in English Literature at the University of Iowa. While there he discovered the Iowa Center for the Book, where he learned bookbinding, papermaking and book conservation, launching his career as a book and paper conservator. While at Iowa he also took classes with the Iowa Writers' Workshop, which furthered his desire to write.

Iowa Writers' Workshop
The Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, is a graduate-level creative writing program. At 90 years, it is the oldest writing program offering a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in the United States. Its acceptance rate is between 2.7% and 3.7%. On the university's behalf, the workshop administers the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism and the Iowa Short Fiction Award.

The workshop's director is the writer Lan Samantha Chang, under whom its endowment has grown from $2.6 million to $12.5 million.