hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Violet Hill (Hong Kong)
Violet Hill (Chinese: 紫羅蘭山; Cantonese Yale: jí lòh làahn shāan; lit. 'violet flower hill'), also known as Tsz Lo Lan Shan, is located within Tai Tam Country Park in Hong Kong. The hill is a popular site for hiking. The Hong Kong Government named three trails on the hill, namely Wilson Trail, Tsz Lo Lan Shan Path and Tai Tam Country Trail. Towards its top, the hill splits into three peaks of altitude 436 m (1,430 ft), 433 m (1,421 ft) and 430 m (1,410 ft), respectively. It offers views of the group of Tai Tam Reservoirs and Wong Nai Chung Reservoir. The hill is well preserved, with little construction on the hill. A rare and protected species, the Hong Kong iris (Iris speculatrix), with its violet flower, can be found on the hill.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
John V of Anhalt-Zerbst (Dessau, 4 September 1504 – Zerbst, 4 February 1551), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau. From 1544, he assumed rule of the re-created principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.

John was the second (but eldest surviving) son of Ernest I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, by his wife Margarete, daughter of Henry I, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, and granddaughter of George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia.

Henry I, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels
Henry the Elder of Münsterberg (also called Henry I of Münsterberg, Henry I of Oels; Czech: Jindřich starší z Minstrberka or Jindřich starší z Poděbrad; German: Heinrich der Ältere von Münsterberg or Heinrich I. von Oels; 1448 – 1498, Kłodzko) was an Imperial Count and Count of Kladsko. He was also Duke of Silesian duchies Münsterberg and Oels and 1465–1472 Duke of Opava. At times, he served as the Landeshauptmann and governor of Bohemia.
José Luis Blanco Pajón
José Luis Blanco Pajón (born 9 December 1956) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the second district of Yucatán during the 60th Congress.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
12-oxophytodienoate reductase
12-oxophytodienoate reductase (OPRs) is an enzyme of the family of Old Yellow Enzymes (OYE). OPRs are grouped into two groups: OPRI and OPRII – the second group is the focus of this article, as the function of the first group is unknown, but is the subject of current research. The OPR enzyme utilizes the cofactor flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and catalyzes the following reaction in the jasmonic acid synthesis pathway:

This reaction occurs in peroxisomes in plants. Several isozymes have been discovered, with varying substrate stereospecificity: three in Solanum lycopersicum, 13 in Oryza sativa, and five in Arabidopsis thaliana.  The OPR3 isozyme is most extensively studied because it can reduce all 4 stereoisomers of the substrate, OPDA and because it has shown to be the most significant enzyme in the jasmonic acid synthesis pathway.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa, having the common name Asian cultivated rice, is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago.

Oryza sativa belongs to the genus Oryza and the BOP clade in the grass family Poaceae. With a genome consisting of 430 Mbp across 12 chromosomes, it is renowned for being easy to genetically modify and is a model organism for the study of the biology of cereals and monocots.
Dolutegravir/lamivudine
Dolutegravir/lamivudine, sold under the brand name Dovato, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. each pill contains 50 mg dolutegravir, as the salt, an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), and 300 mg lamivudine, a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It is taken by mouth.

It was approved for use in the United States in April 2019, and in the European Union in July 2019, and again with revisions in June 2022.

The most common side effects are headache, diarrhea, nausea, and difficulty sleeping. The most common serious side effects are allergic reactions, including rash and severe liver problems.

Dolutegravir/lamivudine is the first FDA-approved two-drug, fixed-dose, complete regimen for HIV-infected adults who have never received treatment for HIV.

Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor
Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection or AIDS, and in some cases hepatitis B. RTIs inhibit activity of reverse transcriptase, a viral DNA polymerase that is required for replication of HIV and other retroviruses.
Monkhouse
Monkhouse is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Monkhouse (1930–1992), English footballer

Allan Monkhouse (1858–1936), English playwright, critic, essayist and novelist

Amy Monkhouse (born 1979), lawn bowler

Andy Monkhouse (born 1980), English footballer

Bob Monkhouse, OBE (1928–2003), English entertainer

Graham Monkhouse (born 1954), former English cricketer

Michelle Monkhouse (1991–2011), Canadian fashion model

Steve Monkhouse (born 1962), former English cricketer

Victoria Monkhouse (1883–1970), English painter

William Cosmo Monkhouse (1840–1901), English poet and critic

Andy Monkhouse
Andrew William Monkhouse (born 23 October 1980) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger.

He has previously played for Rotherham United, Swindon Town, Hartlepool United, Bristol Rovers, Grimsby Town, Alfreton Town and Whitby Town.
Elaine Douvas
Elaine Douvas is an American oboist who served as Principal Oboe of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra in New York City from 1977 until 2024. She has been Instructor of Oboe at The Juilliard School since 1982 and has served as Chairman of the Woodwind Department since 1997. She teaches at Mannes School of Music in New York City, the Bard College Conservatory of Music in Annandale-on-Hudson, NY. She has been an Artist/Faculty member the Aspen Music Festival and School since 1997, and has taught the oboe seminars for the Hidden Valley Music Seminars (Carmel, CA) since 2007.

Her primary studies were with John Mack at the Cleveland Institute of Music and at the Interlochen Arts Academy with Don Th. Jaeger, Jay Light, and Robert Morgan. Prior to joining the Met, she was Principal Oboe of the Atlanta Symphony under conductor Robert Shaw.

Her solo recordings are issued by Boston Records, Oboe Classics, and Music Minus One.

Interlochen Center for the Arts
Interlochen Center for the Arts (/ˈɪntərˈlɒkən/ IN-tər-lock-ən; also known as ICA or Interlochen and previously known as the National Music Camp) is a non-profit corporation which operates arts education programs and performance venues. Established in 1928 by Joseph E. Maddy, Interlochen Center for the Arts is located on a 1,200-acre (490 ha) campus in Green Lake Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan, immediately south of the eponymous community of Interlochen and about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Traverse City.
Pleosporales
The Pleosporales is the largest order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water, marine, or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasites, epiphytes or endophytes. The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. Cochliobolus heterostrophus, causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, Phaeosphaeria nodorum (Stagonospora nodorum) causing glume blotch on wheat and Leptosphaeria maculans causing a stem canker (called blackleg) on cabbage crops (Brassica). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung, and a small number occur as lichens  and rock-inhabiting fungi.

Phaeosphaeria nodorum
Phaeosphaeria nodorum (syn. Stagonospora nodorum, synonym and correct taxonomic name: Parastagonospora nodorum) is a major fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum), causing the disease Septoria nodorum blotch. It is a member of the Dothideomycetes, a large fungal taxon that includes many important plant pathogens affecting all major crop plant families.
Second Hughes ministry
The Second Hughes ministry (National Labor) was the 12th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 7th Prime Minister, Billy Hughes. The Second Hughes ministry succeeded the First Hughes ministry, which dissolved on 14 November 1916 following the split that took place within the governing Labor Party over the issue of conscription. This led to Hughes and his supporters leaving the party to form the National Labor Party, which swiftly received parliamentary support from Joseph Cook and the Liberal Party. The ministry was replaced by the Third Hughes ministry on 17 February 1917 after National Labor and Commonwealth Liberal merged into the Nationalist Party.

Billy Hughes, who died in 1952, was the last surviving member of the Second Hughes ministry; Hughes was also the last surviving member of the Watson ministry, First Fisher ministry, Third Fisher ministry and Third Hughes ministry.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
West Budd Island
West Budd Island is the western of two larger islands at the north end of the Flat Islands, Holme Bay. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. They named the northern islands Flatøynalane (the flat island needles). This western island was named by ANCA for Dr. G.M. Budd, medical officer at nearby Mawson Station in 1959.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Jafarabad, Jafarabad
Jafarabad (Persian: جعفراباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Jafarabad Rural District of the Central District of Jafarabad County, Qom province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Gazeran, now the city of Jafariyeh.

Qom province
Qom Province (Persian: استان قم) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran with 11,237 km², covering 0.89% of the total area of the country. Its capital is the city of Qom.

The province is in the central part of the country and was formed from part of Tehran province in 1995. The province was designated as part of Region 1 following the division of Iranian provinces into 5 regions which took place on June 22, 2014, for the purposes of coordination and development.
Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport
Chelyabinsk Shagol (Russian: Челябинск Шагол) is a military airfield of the Russian Aerospace Forces in Chelyabinsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia.

The base is home to the 108th Training Aviation Regiment which flies the Antonov An-26, Antonov An-72, Mil Mi-8 under the Prof. N.E. Zhukovsky and Iu.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy and the 2nd Guards Composite Aviation Regiment which flies the Sukhoi Su-24MR and the Sukhoi Su-34 under the 21st Composite Aviation Division.

Mil Mi-8
The Mil Mi-8 (Russian: Ми-8, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a family of medium twin-turbine helicopters, originally designed by the Soviet Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in the 1960s and introduced into the Soviet Air Force in 1968. Russian production of the aircraft model still continues as of 2024. In addition to its most common role as a transport helicopter, the Mi-8 is also used as an airborne command post, armed gunship, and reconnaissance platform.

The Mi-8 is the world's most-produced helicopter, with over 17,000 units used by over 50 countries. As of 2015, when combined with the related Mil Mi-17, the two helicopters are the third most common operational military aircraft in the world.
A. H. A. Williams
Archibald Hunter Arrington Williams (October 22, 1842 – September 5, 1895) was a Democratic U.S. Congressman from North Carolina between 1891 and 1893.

Born near Louisburg, North Carolina, he attended local schools and then Emory and Henry College in Virginia. He enlisted in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War and served in the Army of Northern Virginia.

After the Confederate surrender, Williams returned to Granville County, North Carolina, and developed the Oxford and Henderson Railroad, of which he was the president. In 1883, he was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives for a single term.

In 1890, Williams was elected to the 52nd United States Congress and served for a single term; he was defeated for re-election in 1892 by Republican Thomas Settle III.

Williams died in Chase City, Virginia, in 1895 and is buried in Oxford, North Carolina.

Louisburg, North Carolina
Louisburg is a town in and the county seat of Franklin County, North Carolina,  United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 3,064. The town is located approximately 29 miles northeast of the state capital, Raleigh, and located about 31 miles south of the Virginia border. It is also the home of Louisburg College, the oldest two-year coeducational college in the United States.
MSNBC Canada
MSNBC Canada was a Canadian English language category 2 digital cable specialty channel owned and operated by Rogers Media in partnership with Shaw Communications and NBCUniversal, which operated from 2001 to 2004.

MSNBC Canada was a national news television service that consisted of programs featuring news headlines, breaking news coverage, analysis, and information; news magazines, and documentaries. The channel shared its branding and the majority of its programming with its American counterpart, MSNBC (subsequently renamed MS NOW in late 2025). In addition to MSNBC programs such as Hardball, MSNBC Investigates, and Imus in the Morning, the channel consisted of repeated programs from the CBC and CPAC, as its way to fulfill its Canadian content requirements. The channel also occasionally aired informercials.

News magazine
A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio, or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories in greater depth than newspapers or newscasts do, and aim to give the consumer an understanding of the important events beyond the basic facts.
Sefro
Sefro (Sifru in the local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Macerata. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 453 and an area of 42.5 square kilometres (16.4 mi2).

Sefro borders the following municipalities: Camerino, Fiuminata, Pioraco, Serravalle di Chienti.

Among the churches are:

Madonna dei Calcinari.

San Tossano.

San Pietro.

Macerata
Macerata (Italian pronunciation: [matʃeˈraːta] ⓘ) is a city and comune in central Italy, the county seat of the province of Macerata in the Marche region. It has a population of about 41,564.

It is home to the University of Macerata (founded in 1290), making it one of Europe's oldest universities, specializing in humanities and social sciences, and located in a historic center with medieval walls.

One of the city's best-known landmarks is the Sferisterio, a large neoclassical open-air arena built in the 19th century, which later became a major venue for summer performances, including opera.
Witcher Creek
Witcher Creek is a tributary of the Kanawha River, 6.8 miles (10.9 km) long, in West Virginia in the United States.  Via the Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 20.8 square miles (54 km2) on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.

Witcher Creek flows for its entire length in eastern Kanawha County. It rises approximately 1.7 miles (2.7 km) west-northwest of Mammoth and flows southwestward through the unincorporated community of Witcher.  It flows into the Kanawha River approximately 0.7 miles (1.1 km) southwest of Witcher, between the town of Belle and the unincorporated community of Diamond.  The creek is paralleled by a county road for much of its course.

According to the Geographic Names Information System, Witcher Creek has also been known historically by the variant name “Witchers Creek.”

Mammoth, West Virginia
Mammoth is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Mammoth is 4.5 miles (7.2 km) northeast of Cedar Grove, along Kellys Creek. Mammoth has a post office with ZIP code 25132.
Leonard Shuter (cricketer, born 1852)
Leonard Allen Shuter (25 May 1852 – 13 July 1928) was an English first-class cricketer active 1876–83 who played for Surrey and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He was born in Thornton Heath; died in Eastbourne. His son, also called Leonard, was a first-class cricketer.

Thornton Heath
Thornton Heath is a district of South London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. It is around 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the town of Croydon, and 7.2 miles (11.6 km) south of Charing Cross. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, Thornton Heath was in the County Borough of Croydon.
Mr. Chandramouli
Mr. Chandramouli is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language sports comedy thriller film written and directed by Thiru and produced by G. Dhananjayan. It stars Karthik, his son Gautham Karthik, Regina Cassandra, Varalaxmi Sarathkumar, and Santhosh Prathap. The film revolves around Raghav, a professional boxer, who finds himself in a fix when an unexpected turn of events gets him tangled in a battle between his passion, family and the love of his life.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Gessica Turato
Gessica Turato (born 30 July 1984) is a track and road cyclist from Italy. As a junior, she won the individual pursuit at the 2001 UEC European Track Championships. She won the under-23 road race at the 2005 European Road Championships and represented her nation later that year at the 2005 UCI Road World Championships.

2005 European Road Championships
The 2005 European Road Championships were held in Moscow, Russia, between 7 July and 10 July 2005. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men and women under 23 and juniors.
Georges de Tribolet
Georges de Tribolet (20 December 1830 in Neuchâtel – 18 May 1873) was a Swiss geologist. He was the older brother of geologist and paleontologist, Maurice de Tribolet (1852–1929).

He studied chemistry at the University of Giessen as a pupil of Justus von Liebig, then continued his education at Zurich, where he studied chemistry, botany and geology, with geologist Arnold Escher von der Linth being an important influence to his career. In 1853 he received his PhD from the University of Heidelberg with a dissertation on porphyritic rocks. Following graduation, he furthered his education in Paris and Berlin, returning in 1855 to Neuchâtel, where he worked as a geologist and museum curator.

While a student, he travelled extensively, conducting geological excursions in the Harz and Jura Mountains, the Alps and throughout the Black Forest. He is best remembered for his investigations of the Cretaceous terrain of the Jura, with the Neocomian strata being a specific subject of research.

Jura Mountains
The Jura Mountains (/ˈdʒʊərə, ˈʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə) are a sub-alpine mountain range, a short distance north of the Western Alps, and mainly demarcate a long part of the French–Swiss border. While the Jura range proper ("folded Jura", Faltenjura) is located in France and Switzerland, the range continues northeastwards through northern Switzerland and Germany as the Table Jura ("not folded Jura", Tafeljura), which is crossed by the High Rhine.
Joe Ford (footballer)
Joseph Bertram Ford (7 May 1886 – after 1914) was an English footballer. His regular position was as a forward. He was born in Northwich, Cheshire. He played for Witton Albion, Crewe Alexandra, Manchester United, Nottingham Forest, and Goole Town.

Goole Town F.C.
Goole Town F.C. was a semi-professional football club based in the town of Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. Established in 1912, they folded in 1996. The club spent its entire existence in non-league football, where they won various championships over the years. Perhaps Goole's crowning achievement was reaching the FA Cup third round in 1956–57 before going out to Nottingham Forest.
Toronto International Film Festival Changemaker Award
The Changemaker Award is an annual film award presented by the Toronto International Film Festival in conjunction with the Shawn Mendes Foundation. First presented at the 2020 Toronto International Film Festival, the award is presented to honour films with a strong social message, with the winner selected by the organizing committee for the TIFF Next Wave youth film festival.

It was open to both feature and short films.

The award was not presented at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival.

2024 Toronto International Film Festival
The 49th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held from September 5–15, 2024.

The festival opened with David Gordon Green's film Nutcrackers, and closed with Rebel Wilson's directorial debut film The Deb.