hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jasim
Jasim (Arabic: جاسم, also spelled Jasem or Jassem) is a city in the Izraa District of the Daraa Governorate in southern Syria. It is located 41 kilometers north of Daraa, near Nawa to the south, Kafr Shams to the north, Inkhil to the northeast and al-Harra to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jasim had a population of 31,683 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("subdistrict") consisting of two localities with a combined population of 39,624 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Kafr Shams
Kafr Shams (Arabic: كفر شمس, also spelled Kfar Shams or Kafr ash-Shams) is a town in southern Syria administratively belonging to the as-Sanamayn District of the Daraa Governorate. It is 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) northwest of as-Sanamayn, just east of the Golan Heights and situated between Damascus and Daraa. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kafr Shams had a population of 12,435 in the 2004 census. The town's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Emma Dupont
Emma Dupont (fl. 1876–1890) was a French model, known for posing for paintings and sculptures for various 19th-century artists, mainly Jean-Léon Gérôme. She modeled for several of Gérôme's famous works depicting scenes from antiquity, including Pool in a Harem, Omphale, Tanagra, and Pygmalion and Galatea. Dupont began modeling out of necessity after being abandoned in Paris as a teenager but went on to have a successful career posing for celebrated artists of the era. Her regular income allowed her to maintain a modest apartment that displayed artworks gifted to her by the painters and sculptors for whom she modeled.

Model (art)
An art model is a person who poses, often nude, for visual artists as part of the creative process, providing a reference for the human body in a work of art. The importance of the human figure in Western art begins with the Ancient Greeks, which was rediscovered in the Renaissance, art modelling then becoming an occupation. With few exceptions, models remained anonymous until the 19th century.

Modern nude models have most often been employees of art schools, and paid by the hour to pose. As an occupation, modeling requires the often strenuous 'physical work' of holding poses for the required length of time, the 'aesthetic work' of performing a variety of interesting poses, and the 'emotional work' of maintaining a socially ambiguous role. While the role of nude models is well-established as a necessary part of artistic practice, public nudity remains transgressive, and models may be vulnerable to stigmatization or exploitation.: 1
60th Delaware General Assembly
The 60th Delaware General Assembly (1839-1841) was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday after November 1 and terms began on the first Tuesday in January. It met in Dover, Delaware, convening January 1, 1839, two weeks before the beginning of the third and fourth years of the administration of Governor Cornelius P. Comegys.

The apportionment of seats was permanently assigned to three senators and seven representatives for each of the three counties. Population of the county did not effect the number of delegates. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Cornelius P. Comegys
Cornelius Parsons Comegys (January 15, 1780 – January 27, 1851) was an American farmer and politician from Dover Hundred, in Kent County, Delaware, near Little Creek. He was a veteran of the War of 1812, a member of the Federalist Party, and then later the Whig Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as Governor of Delaware.
So Much (for) Stardust (song)
"So Much (for) Stardust" is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on February 28, 2024, through Fueled by Ramen and DCD2. It was released as the fourth single from the band's eighth studio album of the same name, So Much (for) Stardust.

Fueled by Ramen
Fueled by Ramen, LLC (Fueled by Ramen, Inc. until 2005) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group and distributed by Atlantic Music Group. The label, founded in Gainesville, Florida, in 1996, is now based in New York City.
Park Seung-ju
Park Seung-ju (Korean: 박승주; born September 15, 1990, in Seoul) is a South Korean speed-skater.

Park competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for South Korea. In the 500 metres she finished 26th overall, and in the 1000 metres she was 31st.

As of September 2014, Park's best performance at the World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships is 20th, in the 2013 1000m. Her best performance at the World Sprint Speed Skating Championships is 16th, in 2014. Park also won a silver medal at the 2007 World Junior Speed Skating Championships.

Park made her World Cup debut in November 2012. As of September 2014, Park's top World Cup finish is 20th in a 1000m race at Harbin in 2012–13. Her best overall finish in the World Cup is 38th, in the 2012–13 1000m.

Her sister Park Seung-hi and her brother Park Se-yeong are short track speed skaters.

2014 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships
The 2014 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships, officially the Essent ISU World Sprint Speed Skating Championships 2014, were held in Nagano, Japan, from 18 to 19 January 2014.

The defending champions were Michel Mulder of the Netherlands for men and Heather Richardson of the United States for women. In the men's championships, Mulder was able to retain his title. Shani Davis of the United States won the silver, and Daniel Greig of Australia won the bronze, thereby clinching his nation's first-ever medal at an international long-track speed skating competition. In the women's championships, Yu Jing of China re-claimed her title from 2012, while her compatriot Zhang Hong won the silver, and Richardson had to settle for the bronze medal.
INS Nirbhik
The following ships of the Indian Navy have been named INS Nirbhik:

INS Nirbhik (K88) was a Vidyut-class missile boat of the Indian Navy which served in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

INS Nirbhik (K41) is a Veer-class corvette, currently in active service with the Indian Navy

Vidyut-class missile boat
The Vidyut-class missile boats (Sanskrit; Devanagari: विद्युत्, lightning) of the Indian Navy were an Indian variant of the Soviet Osa I class.

These vessels formed the 25th "Killer" Missile Boat Squadron, which sunk 2 destroyers, a minesweeper and various other vessels of the Pakistan Navy during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
Parco delle Cascine
43°46′55.44″N 11°13′5.41″E﻿ / ﻿43.7820667°N 11.2181694°E﻿ / 43.7820667; 11.2181694

The Parco delle Cascine (Cascine Park) is a monumental and historical park in the city of Florence. The park covers an area of 160 hectares (395 acres). It has the shape of a long and narrow stripe, on the north bank of the Arno river. It extends from the centre of Florence until the point where the Mugnone flows into the Arno.

Mugnone
The Mugnone is a river in Italy that runs through Florence and is a tributary to the Arno. The river has been known since Roman times. The river historically flowed into the Arno near the Ponte Vecchio, which is why the city was founded there (at the historic confluence of the Mugnone and the Arno). The river was diverted in the 1280s during construction of the new city walls.
Gerald Smyth
Lieutenant-Colonel Gerald Bryce Ferguson Smyth, DSO and Bar, French Croix de Guerre and Belgian Croix de guerre (7 September 1885 – 17 July 1920) was a British Army officer and police officer who was at the centre of a mutiny in the ranks of the Royal Irish Constabulary during the Irish War of Independence. He was shot and killed by the Irish Republican Army in Cork in 1920.

Croix de guerre (Belgium)
The Croix de guerre (French) or Oorlogskruis (Dutch) is a military decoration of the Kingdom of Belgium established by royal decree on 25 October 1915.  It was primarily awarded for bravery or other military virtue on the battlefield.  The award was reestablished on 20 July 1940 by the Belgian government in exile for recognition of bravery and military virtue during World War II.  The post-1940 decoration could also be awarded to units that were cited. The decoration was again reestablished by royal decree on 3 April 1954 for award during future conflicts.
Charles Dupin
Baron Pierre Charles François Dupin (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʃaʁl fʁɑ̃swa dypɛ̃]; 6 October 1784, Varzy, Nièvre – 18 January 1873, Paris, France) was a French Catholic mathematician, engineer, economist and politician, particularly known for work in the field of mathematics, where the Dupin cyclide and Dupin indicatrix are named after him; and for his work in the field of statistical and thematic mapping. In 1826 he created the earliest known choropleth map.

Nièvre
Nièvre (French: [njɛvʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, central-east France. Named after the river Nièvre, it had a population of 204,452 in 2019. Its prefecture is Nevers.

Covering an area 6,817 square kilometres (2,632 sq mi), Nièvre is landlocked between six other departments: Yonne to the north, Côte-d'Or to the east, Saône-et-Loire to the southeast, Allier to the south, Cher to the west and Loiret to the northwest.
Coombe Hill Hollow
Coombe Hill Hollow is a 4.3-hectare (11-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Sibbertoft in Northamptonshire, England.

This steep narrow valley has neutral grassland which has never been subject to fertilisers or herbicides, and it has diverse flora. Grasses include brown bent, red fescue, Yorkshire fog and crested dog's-tail. Lime-rich areas have harebell and mouse-ear hawkweed, and there are locally important butterfly populations. Other habitats include bramble, gorse and woods.

The site is private land with no public access.

Holcus lanatus
Holcus lanatus is a perennial flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae. The specific epithet lanatus is Latin for 'woolly' which describes the plant's hairy texture. Common names include Yorkshire fog, tufted grass, and meadow soft grass. In North America, where it is an invasive species, names include velvet grass and common velvet grass.

In parts of northern Europe the grass is a common native species and a hardy pasture grass.
2016 World RX of Argentina
The 2016 World RX of Argentina was the twelfth and final round of the third season of the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The event was held at the Autódromo Municipal Juan Manuel Fangio in Rosario, Santa Fe.

Santa Fe Province
Santa Fe, officially Province of Santa Fe (Spanish: Provincia  de Santa Fe, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈfe], lit. "Holy Faith") is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise Chaco (divided by the 28th parallel south), Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Santiago del Estero. Together with Córdoba and Entre Ríos, the province is part of the economico-political association known as the Center Region.

Santa Fe's most important cities are Rosario (population 1,193,605), the capital Santa Fe (369,000), Rafaela (100,000), Reconquista (99,000) Villa Gobernador Gálvez (74,000), Venado Tuerto (69,000), and Santo Tomé (58,000).
Rheic Ocean
The Rheic Ocean (/ˈreɪɪk/; RAY-ik) was an ocean which separated two major paleocontinents, Gondwana and Laurussia (Laurentia-Baltica-Avalonia).  One of the principal oceans of the Paleozoic, its sutures today stretch 10,000 km (6,200 mi) from Mexico to Turkey and its closure resulted in the assembly of the supercontinent Pangaea and the formation of the Variscan–Alleghenian–Ouachita orogenies.

Suture (geology)
In structural geology, a suture is a joining along a major fault zone, of separate terranes, tectonic units that have different plate tectonic, metamorphic and paleogeographic histories. The suture is often represented on the surface by an orogen or mountain range.
Grant Street Bridge
The Grant Street Bridge was a main thoroughfare in Seattle, Washington, constructed in 1886. The bridge was built on timber piles, or a pier, as the city grew south over the mudflats of Elliott Bay's shore and the Duwamish River estuary. The structure was expansive and, based on various accounts from the time, stretched between half to a full mile long. The city eventually filled in the tideflats to create Seattle Boulevard, the arterial later called Airport Way.

Pile bridge
A pile bridge is a structure that uses foundations consisting of long poles (referred to as piles), which are made of wood, concrete or steel and which are hammered into the soft soils beneath the bridge until the end of the pile reaches a hard layer of compacted soil or rock.  Piles in such cases are hammered to a depth where the grip or friction of the pile and the soil surrounding it will support the load of the bridge deck.  Bridging solely using the pile method is a rare occurrence today.
French Field (Kent, Washington)
French Field is a multi-purpose stadium in the northwest United States, located in Kent, Washington, a suburb southeast of Seattle. It is a stadium for high school teams in the area including Kent-Meridian High School, Kentlake High School, Kentridge High School, and Kentwood High School football, soccer and track teams.

The stadium is also home for the Seattle Majestics, a professional women's football team in the Women's National Football Conference and was home to the King County Jaguars, a semi-professional football team in the North American Football League.

French Field is also used for community organizations like Kent Youth Soccer Association. The Kent School District uses this field for middle school and elementary school sporting events such as track.

Adjacent to Kent-Meridian High School, it opened 43 years ago in 1982; its running track is open daily to the general public. It is also used for Kent-Meridian's physical education curriculum.

Women's National Football Conference
The Women's National Football Conference (WNFC) is a professional full-contact women's American football league in the United States. With teams across the United States, the WNFC had its first game in 2019 with fourteen regular teams and one exhibition team.
Desi pub
A Desi pub is a British pub owned or managed by a landlord of Indian origin. They generally serve Punjabi food while maintaining traditional British pub elements, such as ale and pub games. The term "Desi" comes from Hindustani, and is derived from the Sanskrit word for "land" or "country". Desi pubs originated during the 1960s following migration from the Indian subcontinent to the UK. They have been cited as a successful example of cultural integration between Asian and British communities.

Ale
Ale is a style of beer, brewed using a warm fermentation method.  In medieval England, the term referred to a drink brewed without hops.

As with most beers, ale typically has a bittering agent to balance the malt and act as a preservative. Ale was originally bittered with gruit, a mixture of herbs or spices boiled in the wort before fermentation, before hops replaced gruit as the bittering agent. In England, however, it was also common to brew ale without adding herbs.
History of Air New Zealand
The history of Air New Zealand, the national carrier of New Zealand, began when the amalgamated East Coast Airways and Cook Strait Airways began operations in January 1936 as Union Airways of New Zealand, the country's first major airline. Union Airways was the sole New Zealand aviation partner in Tasman Empire Airways Limited (TEAL), which made its inaugural flight in 1940. The New Zealand Government bought full ownership of TEAL in 1961 and the airline was renamed Air New Zealand in 1965. New Zealand's domestic airline, National Airways Corporation (NAC), was merged with Air New Zealand in 1978. Air New Zealand was privatised in 1989 but in 2001 the New Zealand Government took up 80% ownership in return for injecting $885 million after the airline ran into financial difficulty. In November 2013, the National government sold down its share in Air New Zealand from 73% to 53% as part of its controversial asset sales programme.

Union Airways of New Zealand
Union Airways of New Zealand Limited was New Zealand's first major airline. It was founded in 1935 by local shipping giant Union Company. Its services reached main centres from Auckland to Dunedin and extended to Gisborne and the West Coast of the South Island.  Union Airways was instrumental in the establishment of Australian National Airways and TEAL.

In April 1946 the Government of New Zealand bought all the shares in Union Airways, later forming New Zealand National Airways Corporation which took over on 31 March 1947 all Union Airways operations assets and facilities adding them to those taken from other local airlines.
Château de Pestillac
The Château de Pestillac is a ruined 12th-century castle on a site which also includes the ruins of a church, located in the commune of Montcabrier in the Lot département of France.

The site is privately owned. It has been listed since 1926 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Lot (department)
Lot (French pronunciation: [lɔt]; Occitan: Òlt [ɔl]) is a department in the Occitanie region of France. Named after the Lot River, it lies in the southwestern part of the country and had a population of 174,094 in 2019. Its prefecture is Cahors; its subprefectures are Figeac and Gourdon.
Avroleva Heights
Avroleva Heights (Bulgarian: Възвишения Авролева, romanized: Vazvisheniya Avroleva) are the mostly ice-covered heights rising to 1137 m (Opizo Peak) on the east coast of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.  They extend 7.3 km in north-south direction from Hill Bay to Svetovrachene Glacier, and 7.3 km in east-west direction from Mitchell Point to Doriones Saddle, which saddle connects the heights to Taran Plateau in Stribog Mountains.  The heights have steep and partly ice-free north and east slopes.

Avroleva is the medieval name of a mountain in Southeastern Bulgaria.

Brabant Island
Brabant Island is the second largest island of the Palmer Archipelago within the British Antarctic Territory, lying between Anvers Island and Liège Island. Brabant Island is 59 km (37 mi) long north-south, 30 km (19 mi) wide, and rises to 2,520 m (8,268 ft) in Mount Parry.  The interior of the island is occupied by two mountain ranges, Solvay Mountains (Cook Summit, 1590 m) in its southern part and Stribog Mountains (summit Mount Parry) in its central and northern parts.

It was named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (1897–1899) under Adrien de Gerlache, who named it after the Belgian Province of Brabant, in recognition of the support given to the expedition by its citizens.

A paper summarizing the Joint Services expedition of 1984–1985 describes the island as "notoriously inhospitable" and states that there is evidence for only six visits between the discovery in 1898 and 1984.  Members of the expedition overwintered there in 1984–1985, and made the first ascent of Mount Parry.
Death Knocks Three Times
Death Knocks Three Times is a 1949 mystery thriller novel by Anthony Gilbert, the pen name of British writer Lucy Beatrice Malleson. It is the twenty second in her long-running series featuring the unscrupulous London solicitor Arthur Crook, one of the more unorthodox detectives of the Golden Age.

Anthony Gilbert (writer)
Anthony Gilbert was the pen name of Lucy Beatrice Malleson (15 February 1899 – 9 December 1973), an English crime writer and a cousin of actor-screenwriter Miles Malleson. She also wrote fiction and a 1940 autobiography, Three-a-Penny, as Anne Meredith.
Dhoolpet
Dhoolpet is a neighbourhood in the Old City of Hyderabad India, partly inhabited by people who migrated from Uttar Pradesh during the Nizam rule. Dhoolpet is part of Goshamahal Assembly constituency in old city. Dhoolpet has a sizeable Hindu migrant population, drawn from north India and Gujarat, among which Lodha community is dominant. 52-feet Hanuman statue is located at Sri Akashpuri Hanuman Mandir in Dhoolpet.

The area is well known for illegal bootlegging. The Jummerat Bazaar (Thursday Market) is a flea market held every Thursday in Dhoolpet.

Rum-running
Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of smuggling alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. The term rum-running is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; bootlegging is applied to smuggling over land.

Smuggling circumvents alcohol taxes and outright prohibition of alcohol sales.
Unite and Win
Unite and Win! is an oi!/anarcho-punk album by the band Oi Polloi. It was originally released in 1987 on Oi! Records, and re-released in 2001 on Step 1 Records with eight extra songs.

The phrase "Unite and Win" refers to the desire for unification between the punk and skinhead subcultures. According to the band, if British working class people united, they would succeed in a fight against both the Margaret Thatcher government and totalitarian ideologies like communism and nazism (as described in the song, "Commies and Nazis").

Anarcho-punk
Anarcho-punk (also known as anarchist punk) is an ideological subgenre of punk rock that promotes anarchism. The term has been broadly applied to refer to any punk music with anarchist lyrical content, which may figure in crust punk, hardcore punk, folk punk, and other styles.
Sinagra, Western Australia
Sinagra is an outer northern suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Wanneroo.

This suburb, formerly part of the suburb of Wanneroo, is named after the Sinagra family, migrants from Italy who arrived in the Wanneroo area in the 1920s. 
The City of Wanneroo established a sister city relationship with Sinagra, Sicily as a large number of families migrated from there to make a new home in Wanneroo.
Sam Sinagra owned a shop in Wanneroo, and the family were prominent citizens. The suburb name was approved on 3 April 1995.

Sinagra, Sicily
Sinagra is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of Palermo and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Messina.

Sinagra borders the following municipalities: Castell'Umberto, Ficarra, Naso, Raccuja, Sant'Angelo di Brolo, Tortorici, Ucria.
Abu al-Mundhir
Abu al-Mundhir (Arabic: أبو المنذر; ? – 1114 in Yabisa, Eastern Isles of Al-Andalus) was an Andalusi Muslim military commander, originally a Catalan renegade from Girona. By the time of the Catalan-Pisan expedition against Mayurqa, he was designated directly by the wali of Mayurqa as the commander of the Muslim forces that defended Yabisa from the Pisan invaders. He is reported to have disappeared during the catastrophe that followed the fall of madinat Yabisa to the Pisan besieging army.

Republic of Pisa
The Republic of Pisa (Italian: Repubblica di Pisa) was an independent state existing from the 11th to the 15th century, centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa. It rose to become an economic powerhouse, a commercial center whose merchants dominated Mediterranean and Italian trade for a century, before being surpassed and superseded by the Republic of Genoa.

The republic's participation in the Crusades secured valuable commercial positions for Pisan traders, leading to increased wealth and power. Pisa was a historical rival to Genoa at sea and to Florence and Lucca on land. It lost its independence to Florence in 1406.

The power of Pisa as a mighty maritime nation began to grow and reached its apex in the 11th century when it acquired traditional fame as one of the main historical maritime republics of Italy.