hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joanna (opera)
Joanna is an opéra comique in two acts by the French composer Étienne Méhul. It premiered at the Opéra-Comique, Paris on 23 November 1802. The libretto, by Benoît-Joseph Marsollier, is a revision of the same author's Emma, ou Le soupçon, set by Étienne Fay in 1799. The piece was not a success and only enjoyed eight performances.

Étienne Méhul
Étienne Nicolas Méhul (French: [etjɛn nikɔla meyl]; 22 June 1763 – 18 October 1817) was a French composer of the late classical and early romantic periods. He was known as  "the most important opera composer in France during the Revolution". He was also the first composer to be called a "Romantic". He is known particularly for his operas, written in keeping with the reforms introduced by Christoph Willibald Gluck and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Harttia intermontana
Harttia intermontana is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the headwaters of the Doce River basin in the Mantiqueira Mountains in the state of Minas Gerais. The species reaches at least 8 cm (3.1 inches) in standard length. It was described in 2019 by Jose Carlos de Oliveira (of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora) and Osvaldo Takeshi Oyakawa (of the University of São Paulo) alongside the species Neoplecostomus pirangaensis and Pareiorhaphis togoroi. FishBase does not yet list this species.

Federal University of Juiz de Fora
The Federal University of Juiz de Fora (Portuguese: Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, UFJF) is a public research university in Brazil. Throughout its over 50 years of existence, the university has undergone significant growth, strengthening the quality of undergraduate and graduate education while maintaining its role as an agent of community development.
Tyokhtyur, Khangalassky District, Sakha Republic
Tyokhtyur (Russian: Тёхтюр; Yakut: Төхтүр, Töxtür) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Karapatskoye, in Tyokhtyursky Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 47 kilometers (29 mi) from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 703.

The famous Mount Suullar Myraan is located in the selo, by the Suola River valley.

Pokrovsk, Sakha Republic
Pokrovsk (Russian: Покро́вск; Yakut: Покровскай, Pokrovskay) is a town and the administrative center of Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River, 78 kilometers (48 mi) southwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 9,495.
Meriti River
The Meriti is a river in Rio de Janeiro state in south-eastern Brazil.

It separates the municipalities of Duque de Caxias and São João de Meriti (north) from the state capital of Rio de Janeiro (south). Its mouth is at Guanabara Bay.

The name is of Tupi origin and means "water of the buriti" (from mburi'ti ("buriti") and 'y ("water")).

Mauritia flexuosa
Mauritia flexuosa, known as the moriche palm, ité palm, ita, buriti, muriti, miriti (Brazil), canangucho (Colombia), morete or acho (Ecuador), palma real (Bolivia), or aguaje (Peru), is a palm tree. It grows in and near swamps and other wet areas in tropical South America.

Mauritia flexuosa can reach up to 35 m (115 ft) in height. Henderson and McBride both give a height of 50 m (160 ft). The trunk can be up to 70 cm (28 in) diameter at breast height The large leaves form a rounded crown. The tree produces Pneumatophores which can develop as much as 30 metres (98 ft) from the trunk. suggesting a very extensive root system. The flowers are yellowish and appear from December to April. The fruit, which grows from December to June, is a chestnut color and is covered with shiny scales. The yellow flesh covers a hard, oval nut. The seeds float, and this is the means by which the palm tree propagates. In natural populations, the tree reaches very high densities.
United States at the 2023 Pan American Games
The United States competed at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile from October 20 to November 5, 2023. This was the United States's 19th appearance at the Pan American Games, having competed at every Games since the inaugural edition in 1951. The team included 631 athletes (313 men and 318 women).

Sport shooter Vincent Hancock and artistic gymnast Jordan Chiles were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, rugby sevens player Ryan Santos and table tennis player Lily Zhang were the country's flagbearers during the closing ceremony.

Jordan Chiles
Jordan Lucella Elizabeth Chiles (born April 15, 2001) is an American artistic gymnast. She was a member of the gold medal-winning team at the 2024 Summer Olympics, having previously been a member of the silver medal-winning team at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was also a member of the team that won gold at the 2022 World Championships. Individually, she was the 2022 World vault  and floor exercise silver medalist. She has been a member of the United States women's national gymnastics team since 2013. In NCAA Gymnastics, Chiles competes for the UCLA Bruins gymnastics team, where she has won two Pac-12, two Big Ten titles, and three NCAA championship titles. She is one of four female gymnasts to win NCAA, World, and Olympic championship titles, alongside Kyla Ross, Madison Kocian, and Sunisa Lee.
1994 NAIA Division II football season
The 1994 NAIA Division II football season, as part of the 1994 college football season in the United States and the 39th season of college football sponsored by the NAIA, was the 25th season of play of the NAIA division II for football.

The season was played from August to November 1994 and culminated in the 1994 NAIA Division II Football National Championship, played in Portland, Oregon.

In a rematch of the 1993 final, the Westminster Titans defeated defending national champion Pacific Lutheran Lutes in the championship game, 27–7, to win their sixth NAIA national title.

NAIA Division II football national championship
The NAIA Division II football national championship was a postseason playoff system featuring the best NAIA Division II college football teams in the United States. It was played annually between 1970 and 1996 when NAIA football play was divided into two divisions based on school enrollment size; the NAIA Division I football national championship was played separately. It was typically held at the home field of the higher-seeded team. The championship was discontinued in 1997 after the two divisions were consolidated once again. The singular NAIA football national championship has been held every year since.

Westminster (PA) was the most successful team at the Division II level, winning the national title six times.
Anzeigenhauptmeister
Niclas Matthei (born 2005 or 2006), better known as Anzeigenhauptmeister (invented job title similar to "Chief Reporting Officer"), is a German man from Gräfenhainichen in Saxony-Anhalt who became widely known in Germany in 2024 for making thousands of citizen-reports of parking violations usually executed by municipal bylaw enforcement officers.

Code enforcement
Code enforcement, sometimes encompassing law enforcement, is the act of enforcing a set of rules, principles, or laws (especially written ones) and ensuring observance of a system of norms or customs. An authority usually enforces a civil code, a set of rules, or a body of laws and compel those subject to their authority to behave in a certain way.

A bylaw enforcement officer (also called municipal law enforcement or municipal enforcement) is an employee of a municipality, county or regional district, charged with the enforcement of local ordinance—bylaws, laws, codes, or regulations enacted by local governments. Bylaw enforcement officers often work closely with police and other law enforcement agencies, but are generally not considered emergency services.
Bimanese people
The Bimanese (Bima: Dou Mbojo; Indonesian: Orang Bima) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the eastern part of Sumbawa Island in West Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. With a population approaching a million people, they are the second largest ethnic group in West Nusa Tenggara.

Sultanate of Gowa
The Sultanate of Gowa was one of the great kingdoms in the history of Indonesia and the most successful kingdom in the South Sulawesi region. People of this kingdom come from the Makassarese people who lived in the south end and the west coast of southern Sulawesi.
Peter Kennaugh
Peter Robert Kennaugh MBE (born 15 June 1989) is a Manx former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2010 and 2019 for Team Sky and Bora–Hansgrohe. In 2012 he won the gold medal as part of the Great Britain Team Pursuit team at the 2012 Summer Olympics, becoming the first Manxman in 100 years to win gold. On 5 April 2019, he announced that he was taking an indefinite break from professional cycling to focus on his mental health.

2016 Vuelta a España
The 2016 Vuelta a España was a three-week Grand Tour cycling stage race that took place in Spain between 20 August and 11 September 2016. The race was the 71st edition of the Vuelta a España and the final Grand Tour of the 2016 cycling season.

The race included 21 stages, beginning with a team time trial that started in Ourense. The subsequent stages included 10 summit finishes. The race ended in Madrid.

The overall winner was Nairo Quintana of team Movistar, with Chris Froome (Team Sky) second and Esteban Chaves (Orica–BikeExchange) third.
Mennello Museum of American Art
The Mennello Museum of American Art is an American art museum located at 900 East Princeton Street in Orlando, Florida, within the Loch Haven Cultural Park along the shore of Lake Formosa.

The museum's mission is to "enrich the public through exhibitions, education, programs, and publications that celebrate the broad richness of American Art." The institution delivers educational programming, docent-led tours, and community-focused events like Free Family Funday, art talks, performances, and programs for youth in addition to its exhibition programming.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
Isosorbide
Isosorbide is a bicyclic chemical compound from the group of diols and the oxygen-containing heterocycles, containing two fused furan rings. The starting material for isosorbide is D-sorbitol, which is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of D-glucose, which is in turn produced by hydrolysis of starch. Isosorbide is discussed as a plant-based platform chemical from which biodegradable derivatives of various functionality can be obtained.

In 2023, it was the 125th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions.

Functionality (chemistry)
In chemistry, functionality is the presence of functional groups in a molecule. A monofunctional molecule possesses one functional group, a bifunctional (or difunctional) two, a trifunctional three, and so forth. In organic chemistry (and other fields of chemistry), a molecule's functionality has a decisive influence on its reactivity.

In polymer chemistry, the functionality of a monomer refers to its number of polymerizable groups, and affects the formation and the degree of crosslinking of polymers.
Radhanath Ray
Radhanath Ray (28 September 1848 – 17 April 1908) was an Odia writer of initial modernity era in Odia poetry during the later part of nineteenth century. He was born in a Zamindar Karan family in Baleshwar (Bengal Presidency), now in Odisha, and is honoured in Odia literature with the title Kabibara (transl. Poet Boon). In his early life, he composed in both Odia and Bengali languages, but later he shifted his writings in Odia only. He was born on 28 September 1848, at Kedarpur village in Baleswar district, Odisha. He has contributed verses and poetry for Odia literature in the nineteenth century.

Balasore district
Balasore district, also known as Baleswar district, is an administrative district of Odisha state, in eastern India.  Balasore is one of the coastal districts of Odisha and lies on the northernmost part of the state.
Grande Casse
The Grande Casse (3,855 m) is the highest mountain of the Vanoise Massif in the Graian Alps in the Savoie department, France. It is located in the heart of  Vanoise National Park, near the village of Pralognan-la-Vanoise, which is about 25 km south-east of the nearest town, Moûtiers. It has a steep 600 m high north face. The other sides of the mountain are more gentle, mostly consisting of broken rocks. A high ridge connects it to the nearby peak of Grande Motte.
The ridge connecting the Grande Casse and the Grande Motte is the watershed between the Tarentaise Valley in the north and Maurienne Valley to the south.

Vanoise National Park
Vanoise National Park (French: Parc national de la Vanoise) is a French national park between the Tarentaise and Maurienne valleys in the French Alps, containing the Vanoise massif. It was created in 1963 as the first national park in France.

Vanoise National Park is in the département of Savoie. Small villages like Champagny-le-Haut, Termignon, La Chiserette, Bramans, Sollières-Sardières, Friburge, Pralognan-la-Vanoise and Séez, lie near the park. The park is bordered by several large French ski resorts (Les Trois Vallées, Tignes, Val-d'Isère, Les Arcs, La Plagne). L'Ecot, a traditional hamlet of Bonneval-sur-Arc located inside the protected area, is also part of the park.

On the Italian side of the border, the park is continued by Gran Paradiso National Park. Together, these two parks cover over 1250 km2, making the area the largest alpine national park.
Masonic Lodge No. 472
The Masonic Lodge No. 472 is an Italianate building in Zaleski, Ohio that was built in 1884.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.  Currently, no Masonic lodges meet in the building and there is no lodge with the number 472 active in Ohio.

Zaleski, Ohio
Zaleski is a village in Vinton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 230 at the 2020 census. Zaleski lies within the heavily forested and scenic portion of southeastern Ohio and borders the Zaleski State Forest.
Cobitis
Cobitis is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cobitidae from temperate and subtropical Eurasia. It contains the "typical spiny loaches", including the well-known spined loach of Europe. Similar spiny loaches, occurring generally south of the range of Cobitis, are nowadays separated in Sabanejewia.

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
History of Scots law
The history of Scots law traces the development of Scots law from its early beginnings as a number of different custom systems among Scotland's early cultures to its modern role as one of the three legal jurisdictions of the United Kingdom.  The various historic sources of Scots law, including custom, feudal law, canon law, Roman law and English law have created a hybrid or mixed legal system, which shares elements with English law and Northern Irish law but also has its own unique legal institutions and sources.

Burgh
A burgh (/ˈbʌrə/ BURR-ə) is an autonomous municipal corporation in Scotland, usually a city, town, or toun in Scots. This type of administrative division existed from the 12th century, when King David I created the first royal burghs. Burgh status was broadly analogous to borough status, found in the rest of the United Kingdom. Following local government reorganisation in 1975, the title of "royal burgh" remains in use in many towns, but now has little more than ceremonial value.
2016–17 Egypt Cup
The 2016–17 Egypt Cup was the 85th edition of the oldest recognised football tournament in Africa. It was sponsored by Obour Land, and known as the Obour Land Cup for sponsorship purposes. 294 clubs were accepted into the tournament, and it began with the first qualifying round on 14 October 2016, and concluded with the final on 15 August 2017. The winner earns automatic qualification for the 2018 CAF Confederation Cup.

Egyptian Premier League side Zamalek were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the semi-finals by Al Masry.

Al Ahly won their 36th title after defeating Al Masry 2–1 in the final after the match went to extra time, winning their 1st Cup title since 10 years.

Central Africa Time
Central Africa Time or CAT, is a time zone used in north central, east central and southern Africa. Central Africa Time is two hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+02:00), which is the same as the adjacent South Africa Standard Time, Egypt Standard Time, Eastern European Time, Kaliningrad Time and Central European Summer Time.

As this time zone is in the equatorial and tropical regions, there is little change in day length throughout the year and so daylight saving time is not observed.

Central Africa Time is observed by the following countries:

Botswana

Burundi

Democratic Republic of the Congo (eastern provinces)

Malawi

Mozambique

Namibia

Rwanda

Sudan

South Sudan

Zambia

Zimbabwe

The following countries in Africa also use an offset of UTC+02:00 all-year round:

Eswatini (observes South African Standard Time)

Lesotho (observes South African Standard Time)

Libya (observes Eastern European Time)

South Africa (observes South African Standard Time)
Wheelchair tennis at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's singles
The men's singles wheelchair tennis tournament at the 2024 Paralympic Games in France was held at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris from 30 August to 7 September 2024.

Japan's Tokito Oda defeated Great Britain's Alfie Hewett in the final, 6–2, 4–6, 7–5 to win the gold medal in men's singles wheelchair tennis at the 2024 Paris Paralympics. At the age of 18 years and 123 days, Oda became the youngest player to win Paralympic men's singles gold medal, overtaking previous record-holder Ricky Molier of the Netherlands, who was 20 years and 70 days in 1996 in Atlanta.

In the bronze medal match, Argentina's Gustavo Fernandez defeated Spain's Martín de la Puente to win the first Paralympic medal in wheelchair tennis for Argentina and South America.

Japan's Shingo Kunieda was the defending gold medalist, but he did not participate in this edition as he retired from wheelchair tennis in January 2023.

Ricky Molier
Ricky Molier (born 17 June 1976) is a Dutch wheelchair tennis player. At the 1996 Summer Paralympics he won the gold medal in the men's singles event and together with Eric Stuurman the bronze medal in the men's doubles event. Together with Robin Ammerlaan he also won the gold medal in the men's doubles event at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.

He was the ITF World Champion in men's wheelchair tennis in 1996, 1997 and 2001.

He won the gold medal at the Wheelchair Tennis Masters in the men's singles event in 1998 and 2001. In 2000 he finished in second place in this event. In 2000 he also won the gold medal in the men's doubles event together with Stephen Welch of the United States.
Misia Sert
Misia Sert (born Maria Zofia Olga Zenajda Godebska; 30 March 1872 – 15 October 1950) was known primarily as a patron of contemporary artists and musicians during the decades she hosted salons in her homes in Paris. Born in the Russian Empire and of Belgian, French and Polish descent, she became a professional pianist and gave her first public concert in 1892. She was a patron and friend of numerous artists, for whom she regularly posed, appearing on magazine covers and posters. Her salons were frequented by contemporary writers and musicians played their newest works.

In addition, Sert made creative and financial contributions to Sergei Diaghilev, impresario of the Ballets Russes. He consulted closely with her on elements of this innovative dance company, ranging from costume design to choreography.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
Librostoma
Librostoma is a subclass of trilobites defined by having a natant hypostome, which is a hypostome (mineralized trilobite mouthpart) that is free from the anterior doublure and aligned with the anterior of the glabella, this is unlike a conterminant hypostome, which is attached to the exoskeleton.

They are a large and long lasting group, with some of the candidates for the first trilobites being librostomes in the order Ptychopariida; and all post-Devonian trilobites being in the order Proetida, who are librostomes.

Asaphida
Asaphida is a large, morphologically diverse order of trilobites found in marine strata dated from the Middle Cambrian until their extinction during the Silurian. Asaphida contains six superfamilies (Anomocaroidea, Asaphoidea, Cyclopygoidea, Dikelocephaloidea, Remopleuridoidea and Trinucleioidea), but no suborders. Asaphids comprise some 20% of described fossil trilobites.

In 2020, the superfamily Trinucleioidea was proposed to be raised to an order (Trinucleida) and removed from Asaphida.
Biographers International Organization
Biographers International Organization (BIO) is an international, non-profit, 501(c)(3) organization founded to promote the art and craft of biography, and to further the professional interests of its practitioners. The organization was founded in 2010 by a committee of noted biographers, led by James McGrath Morris, who served as BIO's first Executive Director. The president of BIO as of 2024 is Steve Paul. The executive director as of 2020 is Michael Gately.

Each year, the organization presents its highest award, the BIO Award, to an individual who has made notable contributions to advancing the art and craft of biography. BIO's annual Plutarch Award is presented to the best biography of the year, as determined by a panel of noted biographers.

Stacy Schiff
Stacy Madeleine Schiff (born October 26, 1961) is an American writer. Her biography of Véra Nabokov won the 2000 Pulitzer Prize in biography. Schiff has also written biographies of French aviator and author of The Little Prince, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, colonial American-era polymath and prime mover of America's founding, Benjamin Franklin, Franklin's fellow Founding Father Samuel Adams, ancient Egyptian queen Cleopatra, and the important figures and events of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692–93 in colonial Massachusetts.