hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway
The Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway (reporting mark MNS) was an 87-mile (140 km) long American shortline railroad connecting Minneapolis and Northfield, Minnesota. It was incorporated in 1918 to take over the trackage of the former Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester and Dubuque Electric Traction Company, also known as the Dan Patch Lines. On June 2, 1982, it was acquired by the Soo Line Railroad, which operated it as a separate railroad until merging it on January 1, 1986, along with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (Milwaukee Road).

Until around 1963, it was a Class I railroad; in 1967, it reported 131 million ton-miles of revenue freight on 77 miles (124 km) of railroad.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Art in Manila
Art in Manila was an American indie rock "supergroup" consisting primarily of musicians based in the Midwestern states of Nebraska and Kansas.  After originally forming with the name Art Bell (after the American broadcaster and author), the band later changed its name.  Their album Set the Woods On Fire (2007) was recorded by Joel Petersen (The Faint, Broken Spindles) and mixed by Andy LeMaster (Now It's Overhead).

At the time the album was recorded, the band consisted of Steve Bartolomei (Mal Madrigal), Corey Broman (Dance Me Pregnant), Orenda Fink (Azure Ray), Ryan Fox (The Good Life), Dan McCarthy (McCarthy Trenching), and Adrianne Verhoeven (The Anniversary); former members include Stefanie Drootin (The Good Life) and Chris Senseney (Big Harp).

McCarthy Trenching
McCarthy Trenching is a band from Omaha, Nebraska led by Dan McCarthy. The band has opened for other acts such as Bright Eyes. In 2013 the McCarthy Trenching song "A Keg of Beer and an Accordion" was named one of Music Times' "Best '_________ and Beer' Songs". Covers of songs from the McCarthy Trenching catalogue have included Phoebe Bridgers version of Christmas Song (2018).
2025 Gelsenkirchen heist
In December 2025, items worth an estimated €30 million were stolen from a Sparkasse bank in the Gelsenkirchen suburb of Buer, Germany. The thieves used a large drill to break into the bank's underground vault and proceeded to crack over 3,000 safe deposit boxes. Authorities believe that the thieves broke into the Buer branch of the bank over the weekend, although it was not discovered by the police until a fire alarm went off early on Monday 29 December.

Drill
A drill is a tool used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a drill bit for making holes, or a screwdriver bit for securing fasteners. Historically, they were powered by hand, and later mains power, but cordless battery-powered drills are proliferating due to increased efficiency and ease of use.

Drills are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, construction, machine tool fabrication, and utility projects. Specially designed versions are made for surgery, dentistry, miniatures, and other applications.
Claire Johnson
Claire Johnson is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in the 2024 election. She was elected in the riding of Moncton South unseating Progressive Conservative incumbent Greg Turner.

Johnson is a university professor by profession. On November 1, 2024, it was announced that she was placed on the cabinet as Minister of Education and Early Childhood Development.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
1852 in birding and ornithology
Death of Charles Thorold Wood

Death of  William Thompson

Death of Louis François Auguste Souleyet

Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, describes the eastern moa in  Avium systema naturale

Paul Gervais describes the Eocene bird genus Ludiortyx

Sulawesi pygmy woodpecker described by  Alfred Malherbe

Death of Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff

August Carl Eduard Baldamus, Christian Ludwig Brehm, Johann Wilhelm von Müller  and Johann Friedrich Naumann  publish Verzeichnis der Vögel Europa's. als Tausch-Catalog eingerichtet in Stuttgart. In this year also Müller began work on the illustrated book Beiträge zur Ornithologie Afrikas (1853–1870),

Ongoing events

John Gould The birds of Australia; Supplement 1851–69. 1 vol. 81 plates; Artists: J. Gould and H. C. Richter; Lithographer: H. C. Richter

John Gould The birds of Asia; 1850-83 7 vols. 530 plates, Artists: J. Gould, H. C. Richter, W. Hart and J. Wolf; Lithographers:H. C. Richter and W. Hart

Georg von Langsdorff
Georg Heinrich Freiherr von Langsdorff (8 April 1774 – 9 June 1852) was a German  naturalist and explorer, as well as a Russian diplomat, better known by his Russian name, Grigori Ivanovich Langsdorf.

He was a naturalist and physician on the First Russian circumnavigation from 1803 to 1806. Later Langsdorff was nominated consul general of Russia in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From there he organized expeditions to Minas Gerais (1813 to 1820) and the Langsdorff Expedition to the Amazon rainforest, which lasted from 1825 to 1829.
Urupia
Urupia is an extinct genus of salamander in what is now Russia from the Bathonian aged Itat Formation. It was described by P. P. Skutschas and S. A. Krasnolutskii in 2011, and the type species is U. monstrosa.

Itat Formation
The Itat Formation (Russian: итатская свита) is a geologic formation in western Siberia. It was deposited in the Bajocian to Bathonian ages of the Middle Jurassic. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, including the proceratosaurid Kileskus, as well as fish, amphibians, mammals and many other vertebrates. The formation is noted for bearing significant coal reserves, with large open pit coal mines extracting lignite from the unit currently in operation.
Canadian Alpine Journal
The Canadian Alpine Journal is the yearly magazine of the Alpine Club of Canada. It serves as a worldwide journal of record for achievements in climbing, mountaineering, ski mountaineering, and exploration of mountains. The magazine is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario.

Each issue contains feature stories about notable climbs, written by the participants, as well as short notes by climbers about new and noteworthy achievements. Some general articles about mountaineering, mountain medicine, the mountain environment, or other topics are also sometimes included. Each issue includes book reviews, memorials of deceased members, and club activities.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Survivor Japan: North Mariana
Survivor Japan: North Mariana, was the fourth and final season of Survivor Japan and it aired from January 14, 2003, to March 11, 2003. This season was set in Rota, in the Northern Mariana Islands.

The original tribes this season were named Somnak (ソムナック, Somunakku) and Manglo (マングル, Manguru), and the merged tribe was named Langet (ランヘット, Ranhetto). The major twist this season took place after the first three contestants had been eliminated. A challenge called 'Shuffle Challenge' was held, and as a result, three members from each tribe were switched to the opposing tribe. Midway through the season, a typhoon hit the island and the remaining contestants were forced to live in a cave for several days. Ultimately, it was Kōshin Gunji who won the season by a jury vote of 5-2 over Atsuko Koizumi.

Rota, Northern Mariana Islands
Rota (Chamorro: Luta), also known as the "Friendly Island", is the southernmost island of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and the third southernmost of the Marianas Archipelago (the first being Cocos Island). Early Spanish records called it Zarpana; the name Rota may have come from the Andalusian municipality of Rota. It lies approximately 40 nautical miles (74 km) north-northeast of the separately administered United States territory of Guam. Sinapalo village is the largest and most populated, followed by Songsong village. Rota functions as one of the four municipalities of the CNMI.
American Desperado
American Desperado  is a 2011 book written by  journalist Evan Wright and drug smuggler Jon Roberts, a subject of the 2006 documentary Cocaine Cowboys. It also briefly touches on his later life and his relationship with Jason King.

Cocaine Cowboys (2006 film)
Cocaine Cowboys is a 2006 documentary film directed by Billy Corben and produced by Alfred Spellman and Billy Corben through their Miami-based media studio Rakontur. The film explores the rise of cocaine dealer Jon Roberts, described by prosecutors as "The Medellin Cartel's American representative". The film chronicles his role in the Miami drug war (the resulting crime epidemic that swept the American city of Miami, Florida, in the 1970s and 1980s). The producers of Cocaine Cowboys use interviews with law enforcement, journalists, lawyers, former drug smugglers, and gang members to provide a first-hand perspective of the Miami drug war.
Lady Julia Percy Island
Lady Julia Percy Island, known as Deen Maar or Dhinmar in the Gunditjmara language, lies 8.1 kilometres (5.0 mi) off the coast, in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia in Bass Strait. The island is an unincorporated area under the direct administration of the Government of Victoria.

Fairy prion
The fairy prion (Pachyptila turtur) is a small seabird with the standard prion plumage of blue-grey upperparts with a prominent dark "M" marking and white underneath. The sexes are alike. It is a small prion which frequents the low subantarctic and subtropic seas.
2010–11 Akron Zips men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Akron Zips men's basketball team represented the University of Akron during the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Zips, led by seventh year head coach Keith Dambrot, played their home games at the James A. Rhodes Arena as members of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference(MAC). They finished the season 23–13, 9–7 in MAC play to finish in fourth place in the East Division. They won the MAC tournament after defeating Kent State in overtime in the championship game. They received an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as a fifteen seed in the southeast regional where they lost in the first round to the #2 seeded Notre Dame.

2010–11 Kent State Golden Flashes men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Kent State Golden Flashes men's basketball team represented Kent State University in the college basketball season of 2010–11. The team was coached by Geno Ford and played their home games at the Memorial Athletic and Convocation Center as members of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) East Division.  On March 4, 2011, the team clinched their second-consecutive outright MAC regular season championship by defeating the Akron Zips 79–68 in Kent.  It was the first back-to-back regular season titles in the MAC since Miami accomplished the feat in 1991 and 1992 and first back-to-back outright titles since Ball State in 1989 and 1990.
Loren Gabel
Loren Gabel (born July 24, 1997) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player for the Boston Fleet of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She made her debut for the Canada women's national ice hockey team at the 2018 4 Nations Cup, and played for them as well at the 2019 World Championships. She won the Patty Kazmaier Award as a member of the Clarkson Golden Knights in 2019, and was named the Premier Hockey Federation's Most Valuable Player, Outstanding Player of the Year and Newcomer of the Year for the 2022–23 season.

2019 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
The 2019 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships were the 22nd such series of tournaments organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. Teams participated at several levels of competition. The competition also served as qualifications for the 2020 competition.
Martin Webb
Martin Webb (born 1964) is a British-born entrepreneur, television presenter and currently a property developer  He presented the series Risking It All  aired on Channel 4 in 2005.

He wrote regular articles for the business supplement of The Sunday Telegraph.

The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of The Daily Telegraph, also published by the Telegraph Media Group. The Sunday Telegraph was originally a separate operation with a different editorial staff, but since 2013 the Telegraph has been a seven-day operation. However, The Sunday Telegraph still has its own editor, different from that of The Daily Telegraph.

According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Sunday Telegraph had an average circulation of 214,711 copies per week in the first half of 2021.
Ogden Bay
Ogden Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located in the southern Queen Maud Gulf off Nunavut's mainland. Chester Bay is situated 32 km (20 mi) to the west, Armark is to the east, and the Keith Islands are to the north.

Ogden Bay is the historical home of Ahiagmiut, a Copper Inuit subgroup.

Kitikmeot Region
Kitikmeot Region (/ˈkɪtəkmjuːt/; Inuktitut: Qitirmiut ᕿᑎᕐᒥᐅᑦ ) is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of the southern and eastern parts of Victoria Island with the adjacent part of the mainland as far as the Boothia Peninsula, together with King William Island and the southern portion of Prince of Wales Island. The regional centre is Cambridge Bay (population 1,760).

Before 1999, Kitikmeot Region existed under slightly different boundaries as Kitikmeot Region, Northwest Territories.
Grew Manufacturing
Grew Manufacturing was a Canadian company that manufactured boats from 1882 to 2011. It started as Gidley Boat Works on the shores of Georgian Bay. In the late 1920s, Arthur Grew, a master boat maker from Penetangushine, took over the business and changed its name. The company grew and modernized its product line, eventually switching from wood construction to fibreglass lamination. Grew Manufacturing built its boats in advanced facilities in Ontario, under the brands Grew, Cutter and Profisher. The company faced financial difficulties due to the 2008 recession and the exchange rate fluctuations. In 2011, the company had about 25 employees, but also had debts of more than $2 million and about 100 creditors. The owner and president, David Cameron, died in a shootout with the police in February 2011, after injuring the sales manager, Don Vanderstadt, with a gun. The family tried to sell the business, but failed. The company went into receivership and ceased its operations.

Receivership
In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver – a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights" – especially in cases where a company cannot meet its financial obligations and is said to be insolvent. The receivership remedy is an equitable remedy that emerged in the English chancery courts, where receivers were appointed to protect real property. Receiverships are also a remedy of last resort in litigation involving the conduct of executive agencies that fail to comply with constitutional or statutory obligations to populations that rely on those agencies for their basic human rights.
Rémi Quirion
Rémi Quirion, OC CQ MSRC (born January 9, 1955) is a Canadian scientist. He is the first Chief Scientist of Quebec.

Born in Lac-Drolet, Quebec, Quirion received a Ph.D. from Université de Sherbrooke in 1980. He was a Professor of Psychiatry at McGill University and Scientific Director of the Douglas Hospital Research Centre.

Université de Sherbrooke
The Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS; English: University of Sherbrooke) is a French-language public research university in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, with a second campus in Longueuil, a suburb on the South Shore of Montreal. It is one of two universities in the Estrie region of Quebec (the other one being Bishop's University), and the only French-language university for the region.

As of 2022, the Université de Sherbrooke is home to 31,000 students, and an additional 3,000 older learners (age 50+) in continuing education in its "University of the Third Age". Of its 7,400 employees, about 4,000 are teaching staff. The university has over 100,000 graduates and offers 46 undergraduate, 48 master's and 27 doctoral programs. It holds a total of 61 research chairs, among which are the pharmacology, microelectronics, statistical learning, and environment research chairs.
Reginheri
Reginheri was a Viking leader in the early 9th century.

Reginheri is mentioned in Latin Frankish sources as the leader of a group of Vikings who in 845 raided Paris in West Francia. He is mentioned in the Annals of Xanten in the entry for the year 845, while the entry for the year 845 in the Annals of Saint Bertin does not mention him by name.

In March 845, Regenheri attacked Paris with a large fleet. Having defeated a West Frankish military force he was free to move on Paris. Charles the Bald, the king of West Francia, was compelled to pay 7,000 pounds of silver for the Vikings to withdraw. Reginheri was probably allied with the Danish king Horik I, but no details about him are known. According to the Annals of Xanten, he was said to have been killed in 845. It is probable that the Raginarius mentioned by Rimbert is identical to Reginheri. It is often assumed that Reginheri represents the historical core of the story of Ragnar Lodbrok.

Danes (tribe)
The Danes were a North Germanic tribe inhabiting southern Scandinavia, including the area now comprising Denmark proper, northern and eastern England, and the Scanian provinces of modern-day southern Sweden, during the Nordic Iron Age and the Viking Age. They founded what became the Kingdom of Denmark. The name of their realm is believed to mean "Danish March", viz. "the march of the Danes", in Old Norse, referring to their southern border zone between the Eider and Schlei rivers, known as the Danevirke.
23 Preguntas
"23 Preguntas" is a song by Puerto Rican rapper and singer Anuel AA. It was released by Real Hasta la Muerte on August 23, 2021, for digital download and streaming. Dedicated to his ex-girlfriend Karol G, the song is influenced by 50 Cent's 21 Questions.

Real Hasta la Muerte (record label)
Real Hasta la Muerte (RHLM) is a Puerto Rican record label founded by Anuel AA in 2017, it has one headquarters located in Puerto Rico and two in Florida. Releases by artists signed to the label are distributed by The Orchard.

The label's current acts include rappers Anuel AA and Kendo Kaponi. The label has had four projects: Real Hasta la Muerte, Emmanuel, Los Dioses, Las Leyendas Nunca Mueren and LLNM2.
2025 Bulgarian Basketball Cup
The 2025 Bulgarian Basketball Cup was the 71st edition of the annual cup tournament in Bulgaria. It is managed by the Bulgarian Basketball Federation and is the first event being held at the new Arena Samelyon in Samokov. The competition began on 13 March 2024 with the quarterfinals, and ended  with the final on 16 March 2024. MVP of the tournament and the final game, was Stoyanov from Cherno More

Samokov
Samokov (Bulgarian: Самоков [ˈsamokof]) is a town in Sofia Province in the southwest of Bulgaria. It is in the Samokov Valley between the mountain ranges of Rila, Vitosha, and Sredna Gora, 55 kilometres from the capital Sofia. Due to the suitable winter sports conditions, Samokov, together with the nearby resort Borovets, is a major tourist centre.

In the past, Samokov was a centre of handicrafts and art, with notable Bulgarian National Revival figures like Zahari Zograf, Hristo Dimitrov and Nikola Obrazopisov. The town's name is a compound word of "samo" and "kov", respectively meaning "self" and the root of the verb "forge, hammer", and comes from the samokov, a mechanical forge powered by water, since the town of Samokov was a major iron-producing centre during the Middle Ages.
Weightlifting at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's 62 kg
The men's 62 kg competition of the weightlifting events at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada, was held on July 11 at the Oshawa Sports Centre. The defending champion was Óscar Figueroa from Colombia.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted. This weightlifting event was the lightest men's event at the weightlifting competition, limiting competitors to a maximum of 62 kilograms of body mass.

Tribute Communities Centre
The Tribute Communities Centre, formerly known as the General Motors Centre or GM Centre, GMC for short, is a multi-purpose arena located in downtown Oshawa, Ontario, Canada, which opened in November 2006. The arena was constructed to replace the Oshawa Civic Auditorium. The main tenant is the Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey League; beginning in 2026, the Oshawa FireWolves of the National Lacrosse League will also play their home games at the Centre. It features the Oshawa Sports Hall of Fame, Prospects Bar and Grill, an Oshawa Generals retail store, executive seating and special club seats. The name was changed to Tribute Communities Centre on November 1, 2016.