hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Springeria folirostris
Springeria folirostris, the leaf-nosed legskate, is a species of marine cartilaginous fish, a ray, belonging to the family Anacanthobatidae, the smooth skates. This species is known only from the northern Gulf of Mexico.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Pain into Power
Pain into Power is the eighth studio album by American hardcore band Terror. Produced by Todd Jones, the album features guest appearances by various hardcore and metal vocalists, and was released on May 6, 2022.

Nails (band)
Nails (stylized in all caps as NAILS) is an American hardcore punk band from Oxnard, California. The group was formed in 2007 by frontman Todd Jones, formerly the guitarist of Terror and Carry On, along with bassist John Gianelli and later joined by drummer Taylor Young of Disgrace, Twitching Tongues, etc. They released their debut EP Obscene Humanity in 2009, followed by the studio albums Unsilent Death (2010), Abandon All Life (2013), You Will Never Be One of Us (2016), a split EP with Full of Hell, I Don't Want to Know You (2019), an EP featuring Max Cavalera of Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, and Every Bridge Burning (2024).
Access to Satellite TV for 10,000 African Villages
Access to Satellite TV for 10,000 African Villages is a China–Africa cooperation project that aims to reduce the digital divide in African rural areas by giving villages access to digital television. As of April 2019, projects had been completed in sixteen sub-Saharan countries.

Digital divide
The digital divide is unequal access to and effective use of digital technology, encompassing four interrelated dimensions: motivational, material, skills, and usage access.

The digital divide worsens inequality in access to information and resources. In the Information Age, people without access to the Internet and other technology are at a disadvantage, for they are less able to connect with others, find and apply for jobs, shop, and learn.

People living in poverty, in insecure housing or who are homeless, elderly people, and those living in rural communities may have limited access to the Internet; in contrast, urban middle class people have easy access to the Internet. Another divide is between producers and consumers of Internet content, which could be a result of educational disparities. While social media use varies across age groups, a US 2010 study reported no racial divide.
2022 AVC Men's Challenge Cup
The 2022 AVC Men's Challenge Cup was the second edition of the AVC Challenge Cup, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) and in that year with the Kyrgyzstan Volleyball Federation (KVF). The tournament was held in Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan from 29 August to 3 September 2022.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Soldiers of the Sky
Soldiers of the Sky is a 1941 American short documentary film, directed by Earl Allvine, about the 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment. It was part of Adventures of the Newsreel Cameraman, a series of documentary shorts produced by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.

501st Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 501st Infantry Regiment, previously the 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment and 501st Airborne Infantry Regiment, is an airborne forces regiment of the United States Army with a long history, having served in World War II and the Vietnam War, both as part of the 101st Airborne Division, as well as the War in Afghanistan. It is the first airborne unit by designation in the United States Armed Forces. Its 1st Battalion is assigned to the 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Airborne), 11th Airborne Division, located at Fort Richardson, Alaska. Its 2nd Battalion is assigned to the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division, located at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
Hans Brems
Hans Julius Brems (October 16, 1915 – September 16, 2000) was a Danish American economist. He was known for his contributions in mathematical economics, especially quantitative model-building.

Born in Viborg, Denmark, Brems earned his doctorate from the University of Copenhagen. Upon his move to the United States, he taught at the University of California, Berkeley, before joining the faculty at University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1954. Although most of his later work was in macro-economics, his most original contribution was including quality competition in the Theory of Monopolistic Competition.

Viborg, Denmark
Viborg (Danish pronunciation: [ˈviˌpɒˀ] ⓘ) is a city in central Jutland, Denmark, the capital of both Viborg municipality and Region Midtjylland. Viborg is also the seat of the Western High Court, the High Court for the Jutland peninsula. Viborg Municipality is the second-largest Danish municipality, covering 3.3% of the country's total land area.
Interstate Batteries
Interstate Battery System of America, Inc., a.k.a. Interstate Batteries, is a US privately owned battery marketing and distribution company. It markets automotive batteries manufactured by Brookfield Business Partners, Exide Technologies, and others through independent distributors. The company is headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and it also markets marine/RV, mobility, motorcycle, lawn and garden, and other lines of batteries in the starting, lighting and ignition (SLI) markets. Interstate Batteries operates a distributor network that supplies batteries to over 200,000 dealers. They also have distributors in Bermuda, Bolivia, Canada, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. Additionally, they operate over 200 corporate and franchise owned retail stores.

Brookfield Business Partners
Brookfield Business Partners L.P. is a publicly traded limited partnership and the primary public vehicle through which Brookfield Corporation, its parent company, owns and operates the business services and industrial operations of its private equity group. It was formed through a spin-off from Brookfield Asset Management (now named Brookfield Corporation) in June 2016.
Christos Georgakis
Christos Georgakis is an American chemical engineer, currently a distinguished professor at Tufts University and also a Fellow to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, International Federation of Automatic Control and American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He was previously the du Pont Professor, 1975–76, and Edgerton Professor, 1977–79, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Iacocca Professor at Lehigh University from 2001 to 2002, Othmer Professor at New York University Tandon School of Engineering from 2002 to 2003.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
Bobo language
The Bobo language is a Mande language of Burkina Faso and Mali; the western city of Bobo Dioulasso is named partly for the Bobo people. It consists of Northern and Southern dialects. The Northern dialect is also known as Konabéré. Northern and Southern Bobo share only 20%–30% intelligibility according to Ethnologue, and by that standard are considered separate languages.

The terms Bobo Fing 'Black Bobo' and Bobo Madaré are used to distinguish them from Bobo Gbe 'White Bobo' and the Bobo Oule 'Red Bobo' of Burkina.

Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World (stylized as Ethnoloɠue) is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951 and is now published by SIL Global, an American evangelical Christian non-profit organization.
Fencing at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's épée
The men's épée was a fencing event held as part of the fencing programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the second time the event was held at the Olympics. 5 fencers from 3 nations competed. The competition was held on September 7, 1904. The event was won by Ramón Fonst of Cuba, repeating as Olympic champion in the individual épée. The silver medal went to Charles Tatham and the bronze to Albertson Van Zo Post. Tatham and Van Zo Post were both Americans, but the International Olympic Committee's results page showed them as Cuban for more than a century until it was finally corrected in the early 2020s.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Time Lapse (album)
Time Lapse is the first live album by guitarist Steve Hackett.  The album is drawn from live performances at the Savoy Theatre in New York City (during the Cured tour) and at Central TV Studios in Nottingham. Chas Cronk of the Strawbs plays bass on the songs recorded in New York, as well as future Marillion drummer, Ian Mosley. Video of this performance was also made available in 1992 via Steve Hackett Live, which has been rereleased a number of times in full and abridged forms in the years since.

Savoy Theatre (New York City)
The Savoy Theatre was a Broadway theatre at 112 West 34th Street in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It opened in 1900 (for its first few months as Schley Music Hall).  It was converted to a cinema around 1910, until it was closed in early 1952 and then demolished.
Adycha
The Adycha (Russian: Адыча; Yakut: Адыаччы, romanized: Adıaççı) is a river in the Republic of Sakha in Russia. It is a right hand tributary of the Yana, and is 715 kilometres (444 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 89,800 square kilometres (34,700 sq mi).

At the end of the Soviet period, a big dam with a hydroelectric station was planned to be built on the river, but following perestroika and economic difficulties in the country the project was given up.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Gadar River
The  Gadar River rises in the Iranian Zagros Mountains close to where the borders of Iran, Turkey and Iraq meet. From its source, the river flows towards the southeast and then changes course due east through the Ushnu-Solduz valley. After leaving the valley, the river turns north and flows into the marshes bordering the endorheic saltwater Lake Urmia. The length of the river is approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi), its drainage basin is variously estimated as 1,900 square kilometres (730 sq mi) and 2,123 square kilometres (820 sq mi) and its discharge is 0.34 cubic metres (12 cu ft) per second. The Ushnu-Solduz valley has been occupied for many millennia, as testified by the excavations at sites like Hasanlu Tepe and Hajji Firuz Tepe.

Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in West Asia spanning Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of 1,600 km (990 miles). The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of southeastern Turkey and northeastern Iraq. From this border region, the range continues southeast to the waters of the Persian Gulf. It spans the southern parts of the Armenian highlands, and the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau, ending at the Strait of Hormuz. The highest point is Mount Dena, at 4,409 metres (14,465 ft).
Belokamenka
Belokamenka (Russian: Белокаменка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Belokamenka, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Nizhnesanarsky Selsoviet of Troitsky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Belokamenka, Murmansk Oblast, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk in Murmansk Oblast

Belokamenka, Penza Oblast, a selo in Teleginsky Selsoviet of Kolyshleysky District of Penza Oblast

Belokamenka, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of  Nikolayevsky Settlement Okrug in Nikolayevsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast

Belokamenka, Volgograd Oblast, a selo in Ilovatsky Selsoviet of Staropoltavsky District of Volgograd Oblast

Nikolayevsky District, Ulyanovsk Oblast
Nikolayevsky District  (Russian: Никола́евский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,084.27 square kilometers (804.74 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Nikolayevka. Population: 27,211 (2010 Census);  30,333 (2002 Census); 34,413 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nikolayevka accounts for 23.5% of the district's total population.
Vallée de la Marne
Vallée de la Marne is a sub-region of the Champagne wine region located on the riverbanks of the Marne.
It is south of Champagne and Montagne de Reims, and north of Côte de Sézanne and Côte des Blancs.

Its soils are more variable than in other Champagne sub-regions, and it contains only two Grands Crus villages: Aÿ and Tours-sur-Marne.

Pinot meunier is the main grape variety at about 59% of production, while about 23% is pinot noir and about 18% is Chardonnay.

Marne (river)
The Marne (/mɑːrn/; French pronunciation: [maʁn] ⓘ) is a river in France, an eastern tributary of the Seine in the area east and southeast of Paris. It is 514 kilometres (319 mi) long. The river gave its name to the departments of Haute-Marne, Marne, Seine-et-Marne, and Val-de-Marne.

The Marne starts in the Langres plateau, runs generally north then bends west between Saint-Dizier and Châlons-en-Champagne, joining the Seine at Charenton just upstream from Paris. Its main tributaries are the Rognon, the Blaise, the Saulx, the Ourcq, the Petit Morin and the Grand Morin.

Near the town of Saint-Dizier, part of the flow is diverted through the artificial Lake Der-Chantecoq. This ensures both flood prevention and the maintenance of minimum river flows in periods of drought.

The Marne is famous as the site of two eponymous battles during World War I. The first battle was a turning point of the war, fought in 1914. The second battle was fought four years later, in 1918.
Archa Darugha
The Archa Darugha (Tatar: Арча даругасы) was a subdivision of the Kazan Khanate and the Kazan Uyezd in 16th–18th centuries. The center was the town of Archa. Its territory covered the basins of the  Kazanka, Noqsa, Kinderle, Shapshe, Yamashirma, Norma, Kesmas, Qırlay, Kultas, Sarapul, Vyatka, Shushma, Sarda etc. rivers. For the most part, the possessions of Prikaz of Kazan Palace, monasteries and Serving Tatars were placed there in the 16th–18th centuries.

Shoshma
The Shoshma (Russian: Шошма; Tatar: Шушма; Mari: Шошма, Šošma) is a river in Mari El, Tatarstan and Kirov Oblast, Russian Federation, a right-bank tributary of the Vyatka. Its length is 105 kilometres (65 mi), of which 90 kilometres (56 mi) are in Tatarstan, and its drainage basin covers 1,885 square kilometres (728 sq mi). It originates near Maly Kiner, Mari El and flows to the Vyatka near Malmyzh, Kirov Oblast.

Major tributaries are the Sarda, Kushket, Arborka, and Kuguborka rivers. The maximal mineralization 500–800 mg/L. The maximal water discharge is 149 cubic metres per second (5,300 cu ft/s) (1980). Drainage is regulated. There are peat deposits in the river valley. Since 1978 it has been protected as a "natural monument of Tatarstan'". The localities of Baltasi and Malmyzh are located on the river.
Ramsbotham
Ramsbotham is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham GCB CBE (born 1934), retired British Army officer, later Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons

Herwald Ramsbotham, 1st Viscount Soulbury GCMG, GCVO, OBE, MC, PC (1887–1971), British Conservative politician

John Alexander Ramsbotham (1906–1989), eminent Anglican clergyman during the middle third of the 20th century

Peter Ramsbotham, 3rd Viscount Soulbury, GCMG, GCVO, DL (1919–2010), former British diplomat and colonial administrator

Ramsbotham Jump, a type of interstellar teleporter in Robert A. Heinlein's novel Tunnel in the Sky.

David Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham
General David John Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham, GCB, CBE (6 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a British Army officer who later served as HM Chief Inspector of Prisons. He was awarded a life peerage in 2005 and later sat on the crossbenches of the House of Lords.
Ken Givens
Ken Givens (born October 10, 1947) is a Tennessee politician from Rogersville, Tennessee. From 1988 to 2002, Givens was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives representing the Ninth State House District. In 2003, he was appointed by Governor Phil Bredesen to be the 34th Commissioner of Agriculture of Tennessee, a Cabinet-level position in the gubernatorial administration responsible for overseeing the Tennessee Department of Agriculture.

Hawkins County, Tennessee
Hawkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,721. Its county seat is Rogersville. Hawkins County is part of the Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.
Transport in the Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands currently have three primary means of transport – road, sea and air. However, in 1946, when Sir Miles Clifford arrived as governor, there were no air services, no roads outside Stanley and an indifferent sea service. Sir Miles was instrumental in starting the Falkland Islands Government Air Service in December 1948. The inaugural flight involved a mercy flight from North Arm Settlement to Stanley to bring a girl with peritonitis to life-saving medical help in Stanley. There is now an international airport, a domestic airport, a number of airstrips, a growing road network and a much-improved ferry service between the two main islands.

West Falkland
West Falkland (Spanish: Isla Gran Malvina) is the second largest of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. It is a hilly island, separated from East Falkland by the Falkland Sound. Its area is  4,532 square kilometres (1,750 square miles), 37% of the total area of the islands. Its coastline is 1,258.7 kilometres (782.1 miles) long.
Chettinad cuisine
Chettinadu cuisine is the cuisine of a community called the Nattukottai Chettiars, or Nagarathars, from the  Chettinad region in Sivaganga district of Tamil Nadu state in
India. Chettinad cuisine is perhaps the most renowned fare in the Tamil Nadu repertoire. It uses a variety of spices and the dishes are made with fresh ground masalas. Chettiars also use a variety of sun-dried meats and salted vegetables, reflecting the dry environment of the region. Most of the dishes are eaten with rice and rice based accompaniments such as  dosas, appams, idiyappams, adais and idlis. The Chettiars, through their mercantile contacts with Burma, learnt to prepare a type of rice pudding made with sticky red rice. The chefs of Manapatti village near Singampunari are experts in cooking Chettinad cuisine.

Spice mix
Spice mixes are blended spices or herbs. When a certain combination of herbs or spices is called for in a recipe, it is convenient to blend these ingredients beforehand. Blends such as chili powder, curry powder, herbes de Provence, garlic salt, and other seasoned salts are traditionally sold pre-made by grocers, and sometimes baking blends such as pumpkin pie spice are also available. These spice mixes are also easily made by the home cook for later use.
Jasmin Dutton
Jasmin Dutton, (born 2 December 1992) is a Welsh footballer who plays for Llandudno Ladies F.C.  She formerly played for Tranmere Rovers, East Tennessee State Buccaneers, Connah's Quay Nomads, and Wales.

Wales women's national football team
The Wales national women's football team (Welsh: Tîm pêl-droed merched cenedlaethol Cymru) represents Wales in international football. It is controlled by the Football Association of Wales (FAW), the governing body for football in Wales and the third-oldest national football association in the world, founded in 1876 (1876).

Wales qualified for their first major championship, UEFA Women's Euro 2025, in December 2024. They have never qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup. The closest they have come was falling to Switzerland in the UEFA play-offs final for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup. However, they are set to potentially take part in a World Cup for the first time in 2035 when they automatically qualified as co-host with other three countries in the United Kingdom.

As a country of the United Kingdom, Wales is not a member of the International Olympic Committee and therefore the national team does not compete in the Olympic Games.