hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mnason
Mnason (Greek: μνασωνι τινι κυπριω) was a first-century Cypriot Christian, who is mentioned in chapter 21 of the Acts of the Apostles as offering hospitality to Luke the evangelist, Paul the apostle and their companions, when they travelled from Caesarea to Jerusalem. The wording of the verse that mentions Mnason (Acts 21:16) has prompted debates about whether Mnason accompanied the travellers on their journey or merely provided lodging, and whether his house was in Jerusalem or in a village on the way to Jerusalem. Although only mentioned in one verse, many Christians have drawn lessons from the example of Mnason about persevering in the Christian faith and the exercise of hospitality.

F. F. Bruce
Frederick Fyvie Bruce FBA (12 October 1910 – 11 September 1990) was a Scottish evangelical scholar, author and educator who was Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the University of Manchester from 1959 until 1978. He believed that Evangelicals should not turn their backs on academic methods of Bible study, even if the results might differ from traditional evangelical views. As a result, he has been called the "Dean of Evangelical Scholarship".

"The issues which, for Bruce, were non-negotiable," said his biographer Tim Grass, "may be summarized as the reliability of the New Testament, the person and work of Christ, the Christian life as one of forgiveness and liberty as befits those who are being led by the Spirit, and the right and duty of every believer to use whatever gifts God has given them."
Peter von Köppen
Peter von Köppen (February 19, 1793 – May 23, 1864), was a Russian ethnographer, historian, statistician, and geographer of German heritage. An academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (now Russian Academy of Sciences), he held the civil rank of Active State Councillor.

In 1825 he earned the degree of doctor of philosophy from the University of Tübingen and in 1826 he was elected corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Active State Councillor
Active State Councillor (Russian: действительный статский советник, romanized: deystvitelnyi statskiy sovetnik) was a civil position (class) in the Russian Empire, according to the Table of Ranks introduced by Peter the Great in 1722. That was a civil rank of the 4th class and equal to those of Major-General in the Army, Rear Admiral in the Navy, and the court rank of Chamberlain (up to 1809). The rank gave the right of hereditary nobility. The rank holder should be addressed as Your Excellency (Russian: Ваше Превосходительство, Vashe Prevoskhoditelstvo).
Outwood Colliery
Outwood Colliery was a coal mine in Outwood, near Stoneclough in the historic county of Lancashire, England.  Originally named Clough Side Colliery, it opened in the 1840s and was the largest colliery in the area.  It was owned by Thomas Fletcher & Sons and then by the Clifton and Kersley Coal Company.  There were two pits.  Coal was transported by a tramway to a depot west of Outwood Road, in Radcliffe, and also by tramway through Ringley Wood to the nearby Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal.  A railway sidings from the nearby East Lancashire Railway Line was located nearby, from the northern end of the colliery.  In its heyday the colliery employed over 2000 workers.  Outwood Colliery exploited the coal seams of the Manchester Coalfield and was noted for its Trencherbone Coal.

Due to an underground fire which caused the winding gear to collapse into its own shaft, the colliery was closed in 1931.

Outwood, Greater Manchester
Outwood is a suburban area in the metropolitan borough of Bury, in the county of Greater Manchester, England. It neighbours the market town Radcliffe that is connected to the suburb via Outwood Road. Until 1974 it was in Lancashire.
Camp Withycombe
Camp Withycombe, located in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, was originally established as Camp Benson after Governor Frank W. Benson, but was later renamed Camp Withycombe during World War I for Governor James Withycombe.

Originally known as the Clackamas Rifle Range, it was established as a training camp in 1909 and expanded during World War I, during which it served as a headquarters for the National Guard, a central supply depot and training center. Pendleton, Oregon photographer Walter S. Bowman photographed Camp Benson in the early 20th century.

In the 1930s, the camp became a supply depot. Some of the buildings on the camp property, such as the Adjutant General's house (1938), were built by the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

The camp still serves as a training facility, supply depot, and equipment repair facility for the National Guard, but the rifle range is now closed.

Clackamas County, Oregon
Clackamas County (/ˈklækəməs/ ⓘ CLAK-ə-məss) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 421,401, making it Oregon's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the native people living in the area at the time of the coming of Europeans, the Clackamas people, who are part of the Chinookan peoples.

Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Francesca Vanini-Boschi
Francesca Vanini-Boschi (died 1744) was an Italian contralto singer of the 18th century. She is best remembered for her association with the composer George Frideric Handel, for whom she sang both in Italy and in London.

Vanini was born in Bologna, Papal States. As well as singing for Handel, she also sang in operas by Alessandro Scarlatti and Giovanni Bononcini. She frequently sang alongside her husband, the bass Giuseppe Maria Boschi. Her two Handel roles were those of Otho in Agrippina and Goffredo in Rinaldo; these roles use only a limited range and tessitura. After Rinaldo her voice began to decline, but earlier Giuseppe Felice Tosi had praised her for her ability to introduce "Graces without transgressing against Time". She died in Venice.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
Borges de Medeiros Avenue (Porto Alegre)
Borges de Medeiros Avenue (Portuguese: Avenida Borges de Medeiros) is an arterial road located in the Brazilian city of Porto Alegre, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It includes landmarks such as the Otávio Rocha Viaduct and the Cine Theatro Capitólio. The intersection with Andradas Street forms the Democratic Corner, an established meeting point for rallies and popular demonstrations of different kinds.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
Advantame
Advantame is a non-caloric artificial sweetener and aspartame analog by Ajinomoto. By mass, it is about 20,000 times sweeter than sucrose and about 110 times sweeter than aspartame. It has no notable off-flavors when compared to sucrose and tastes sweet a bit longer than aspartame and is chemically more stable. It can be blended with many other natural and artificial sweeteners.

Advantame can be used as a table top sweetener and in certain bubblegums, flavored drinks, milk products, jams and confectionery among other things.

In 2013, it was approved for use in foods within EU with the E number E969. In 2014, FDA approved advantame as a non-nutritive sweetener and flavor enhancer within United States in foods generally, except meat and poultry.

Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.
Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
SOALIB
Service-oriented architecture library (SOALIB) is used to distribute reusable service-oriented architecture (SOA) software in a manner similar to other computing libraries. SOA consists of loosely coupled interoperable services which use messaging based on both Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer (REST). A library in computing is a set of compiled modules which are tested and ready for reuse. A similar concept is used for SOA, in that whatever technology is used to develop the service can also be distributed in library form. A Java-based SOA library may be distributed in Web ARchive (WAR) or Enterprise Archive (EAR) file formats. C, C++, and .NET applications may be distributed as a shared object (in Unix and Linux), a Dynamic Link Library (in Windows), or as an executable file.

Executable
In computing, an executable is a resource that a computer can use to control its behavior. As with all information in computing, it is data, but distinct from data that does not imply a flow of control. Terms such as executable code, executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine code and is directly executable at the instruction level of a CPU. A script is also executable although indirectly via an interpreter. Intermediate executable code (such as bytecode) may be interpreted or converted to native code at runtime via just-in-time compilation.
Los Angeles Police Department resources
The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD), the primary law enforcement agency of Los Angeles, California, United States, maintains and uses a variety of resources that allow its officers to effectively perform their duties. The LAPD's organization is complex with the department divided into bureaus and offices that oversee functions and manage specialized units. The LAPD's resources include the department's divisions, transportation, communications, and technology.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Jan Groenendijk (draughts player)
Jan Groenendijk (born 7 September 1998) is a Dutch draughts grandmaster and the reigning Draughts World Champion. He is a two-time world champion, winning the title in 2024 and 2025. Groenendijk has won the European Draughts Championship twice, (2022, 2024), the Salou Open (2015), and the Dutch championship four times (2020, 2022, 2023, 2024).

European Draughts Championship
The European Draughts Championship is the European championship in international draughts, organized since 1965 by the World Draughts Federation (FMJD) and the European Draughts Confederation. An annual blitz championship has been held since 2005, and an annual rapid championship since 2012. A team championship has been organized since 1967, with team blitz (since 2007) and team rapid (since 2013) competitions added later. A veterans championship (50+) was introduced in 2001. Youth championships are also held in the U27, U19, U16, U13, and U10 categories. Separate women's events are organized as well.
Europa Universalis III
Europa Universalis III is a grand strategy video game developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive. The game was released for Microsoft Windows in January 2007, and was later ported to Mac OS X by Virtual Programming in November 2007.

The player controls a nation and handles matters concerning war, diplomacy, trade, and economy. The game starts in 1453, right after the fall of Constantinople, and continues to 1789, just past the beginning of the French Revolution. The expansion Napoleon's Ambition extends the end game year forward to 1821, whereas the expansion In Nomine moves the starting year back to 1399. Europa Universalis III was the first to use Paradox's new 3D engine, Clausewitz Engine, that required user systems to meet the Pixel Shader 2.0 specification. The map has 1,700 land and sea provinces encompassing most of the world, with 250 playable historical nations.

Grand strategy wargame
A grand strategy wargame or simply grand strategy game (GSG) is a wargame that places focus on grand strategy: military strategy at the level of movement and use of a nation state or empire's resources. The genre has considerable overlap with 4X games, but differs in being "asymmetrical", meaning that players are more bound to a specific setup and not among equally free factions in exploring and progressing the game and an open world.
Michael Lind
Michael Lind (born April 23, 1962) is an American writer and academic. He has explained and defended the tradition of American democratic nationalism in a number of books, beginning with The Next American Nation: The New Nationalism and the Fourth American Revolution (1995). He is currently a professor at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin.

Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs
The Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs (or LBJ School of Public Affairs) is a graduate school at the University of Texas at Austin that was founded in 1970. The school offers training in public policy analysis and administration in government and public affairs-related areas of the private and nonprofit sectors. Degree programs include a Master of Public Affairs (MPAff), an undergraduate Bachelor's of Public Affairs (BPAff), a mid-career MPAff sequence, 16 MPAff dual degree programs, a Master of Global Policy Studies (MGPS), eight MGPS dual degree programs, an Executive Master of Public Leadership, and a Ph.D. in public policy.
Isaac A. Van Amburgh
Isaac A. Van Amburgh (1808–1865) was an American animal trainer who developed the first trained wild animal act in modern times.  By introducing jungle acts into the circus, Van Amburgh paved the way for combining menageries with circuses.  After that, menageries began using equestrian and clown performances in circus rings.  Gradually the distinction between circus and menagerie faded.

From the humble beginning of cage-cleaner in the Zoological Institute of New York, Van Amburgh quickly gained notoriety for his acts of daring, for example placing his bare arm and even head inside the jaws of a wild cat.  Also known for his domineering attitude toward his animals, he earned the title "The Lion King."

Despite the disapproval of some for his brutal treatment of animals, Van Amburgh remained very popular and successful, beginning his own menagerie which he took to Europe.  He died a wealthy man, and his name continued to be used in the circus world for more than a century after.

Menagerie
A menagerie is a collection of captive animals, frequently exotic, kept for display; or the place where such a collection is kept, a precursor to the modern zoo or zoological garden.

The term was first used in 17th-century France, referring to the management of household or domestic stock. Later, it came to be used primarily in reference to aristocratic or royal animal collections. The French-language Methodical Encyclopaedia of 1782 defines a menagerie as an "establishment of luxury and curiosity". Later on, the term referred also to travelling animal collections that exhibited wild animals at fairs across Europe and the Americas.
Go Away Stowaway
Go Away Stowaway is a 1967 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon directed by Alex Lovy. The short was released on September 30, 1967, and stars Daffy Duck and Speedy Gonzales.

This marks Daffy and Speedy's final appearances in the Merrie Melodies series.

Speedy Gonzales
Speedy Gonzales is a cartoon character in the Warner Bros. Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons. He is portrayed as "The Fastest Mouse in all Mexico" with his major traits being the ability to run extremely fast, being quick-witted, heroic, and speaking with a Mexican accent. He usually wears a yellow sombrero, white shirt and trousers (which was a common traditional outfit worn by men and boys of rural Mexican villages), and a red kerchief, similar to that of some traditional Mexican attires. There are 46 theatrical shorts that feature or star the character.
Niksowizna
Niksowizna [niksɔˈvizna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kolno, within Kolno County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 217 people, among whom 204 were Roman Catholic, 7 Evangelical, and 6 Mosaic. At the same time, 211 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, and 6 were Jewish. There were 47 residential buildings in the village.

1921 Polish census
The Polish census of 1921 or First General Census in Poland (Polish: Pierwszy Powszechny Spis Ludności) was the first census in the Second Polish Republic, performed on September 30, 1921, by the Main Bureau of Statistics (Główny Urząd Statystyczny). It was followed by the Polish census of 1931.
KQRS-FM
KQRS-FM (92.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to Golden Valley, Minnesota. Owned by Cumulus Media, it broadcasts a mainstream rock format serving the Minneapolis–Saint Paul market. Its studios are located in the Como district of Minneapolis, while it transmits from the KMSP-TV tower in Shoreview.

KQRS’s format is described as mainstream rock. It normally plays a lot of ‘90s alternative rock along with some 2000s and ‘80s alternative and some classic rock and music by Minnesota-based artists. KQRS was a classic rock station until 2025, when it relaunched to change to its current format.

Como, Minneapolis
Como is a neighborhood within the Southeast quadrant of Minneapolis.  The neighborhood is also sometimes referred to as Southeast Como to help differentiate it from the Como Park neighborhood in neighboring Saint Paul. Its boundaries are East Hennepin Avenue to the north, 33rd Avenue Southeast (the eastern city limit) to the east, the Southeast Industrial Area to the south, and Interstate 35W to the west.  Como is also part of the University District in Minneapolis, with its location near the main Minneapolis campus of the University of Minnesota.

Como features many amenities for its residents:  Van Cleve Park Community Center, the Como Student Community Co-op, the University Childcare Center, Dar Al-Farooq mosque, SE Christian Church, and the Como Congregational Church building (designed in 1886 by Charles Sedgwick).  The renovated Bunge grain elevator site's tower is the visual landmark for Como and is represented in the neighborhood's logo.
Tomoyuki Kotani
Tomoyuki Kotani (小谷 智之, Kotani Tomoyuki), also known as styleos, is a Japanese video game illustrator and character designer. He has credits for games by Psikyo, SNK, and CAVE. During his time at SNK he designed several new characters for The King of Fighters series, including K', Maxima, and Angel.

Cave (company)
CAVE Interactive Co., Ltd. is a Japanese video game company founded in 1994 by former employees of Toaplan following its bankruptcy. They are known primarily for their "bullet hell" shoot 'em ups; from 1995 up to 2013, CAVE was one of the most prolific shoot 'em up developers in the Japanese market. Alongside this, CAVE has produced a variety of other types games for arcades, home consoles, PCs, and smartphones, also dating back to 1995.

"CAVE" is an acronym for "Computer Art Visual Entertainment".
2002 Australian Open – Women's singles
Defending champion Jennifer Capriati defeated Martina Hingis in a rematch of the previous year's final, 4–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2002 Australian Open. It was her second Australian Open title and her third and last major singles title overall. Capriati saved four championship points to win the title. This was Hingis' third consecutive defeat in the Australian Open final, following three consecutive victories.

This tournament marked the major debuts of future world No. 2 and two-time major champion Svetlana Kuznetsova, who lost to Iroda Tulyaganova in the second round, and future world No. 4 and US Open champion Samantha Stosur, who lost in the first round to Gréta Arn.

Iroda Tulyaganova
Iroda Tulyaganova (Uzbek: Ирода Тўлаганов, romanized: Iroda To'laganova; born 7 January 1982) is a former professional tennis player from Uzbekistan.

Tulyaganova has career-high WTA rankings of 16 in singles (reached in June 2002) and 28 in doubles (September 2002). She won three singles titles and four doubles titles on the WTA Tour.

Tulyaganova retired from professional tennis in 2010.
Asian Youth Beach Handball Championship
The Asian Youth Beach Handball Championship is the official competition for youth men's and women's national Beach Handball teams of Asia, organised by Asian Handball Federation and takes place every four years. In addition to crowning the Asian champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF Youth Beach Handball World Championship.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.