hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahmood Bijankhan
Mahmoud Bijankhan (Persian: محمود بی‌جن‌خان; born 1958 in Abadan) is an Iranian linguist and professor of linguistics at the University of Tehran.
He is the creator of Bijankhan Corpus and a winner of Khwarizmi International Award.
Bijankhan received his BSc in applied mathematics from the University of Texas at Arlington (1981) and his MA (1990) and PhD (1996) in linguistics from the University of Tehran. 
He is known for his research on Persian phonetics and phonology and creating Persian corpora.

Abadan, Iran
Abadan (Persian: آبادان; pronounced [ʔɒːbɒːˈdɒːn]) is a city in the Central District of Abadan County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city is in the southwest of the county. It lies on Abadan Island (68 km or 42 mi long, 3–19 km or 2–12 miles wide). The island is bounded in the west by the Arvand waterway and to the east by the Bahmanshir outlet of the Karun River (the Arvand Rood), 53 kilometres (33 mi) from the Persian Gulf, near the Iran–Iraq border. Abadan is 140 km from the provincial capital city of Ahvaz.
Project Juno
Project Juno was a privately funded campaign which selected Helen Sharman to be the first Briton in space.

As the United Kingdom did not, at that time, have a human spaceflight programme (until the UK joined the human spaceflight elements of ESA's exploration programme in December 2012, which led to Tim Peake's ESA mission in 2015), a private consortium was formed to raise money to pay the Soviet Union for a seat on a Soyuz mission to the Mir space station. The Soviet Union had recently flown Toyohiro Akiyama, a Japanese journalist, under a similar arrangement.

Toyohiro Akiyama
Toyohiro Akiyama (秋山 豊寛, Akiyama Toyohiro; born 22 July 1942) is a retired Japanese TV journalist and professor at Kyoto University of Art and Design. In December 1990, he spent seven days aboard the Mir space station. He became the first person of Japanese nationality to fly in space, and his space mission was the second spaceflight to be commercially sponsored and funded. Akiyama was also the first civilian to fly aboard a commercial space flight and the first journalist to report from outer space.
John A. Fraley
John A. Fraley (born c. 1951) is a  former Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. A business owner from Mooresville, North Carolina, he represented the 95th district (including constituents in Iredell County) from 2015 until 2021. Following his retirement from the House in 2021, Fraley was appointed to the University of North Carolina Board of Governors for a term ending in 2025.

Iredell County, North Carolina
Iredell County (/ˈaɪərdɛl/ EYE-ər-del) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 186,693. Its county seat is Statesville, and its largest community is Mooresville. The county was formed in 1788, subtracted from Rowan County. It is named for James Iredell, one of the first justices of the Supreme Court. Iredell County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget, with data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Nietrzeba
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nietrzeba
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =  
| image_flag = 
| image_shield = 
| image_map = 
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name =  Poland
| subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship
| subdivision_name1 = Lublin
| subdivision_type2 = County

| subdivision_name2 = [[Opole Lubelskie County

|Opole Lubelskie]]
| subdivision_type3 = Gmina
| subdivision_name3 = Józefów nad Wisłą
| pushpin_map = Poland
| coordinates = 51°3′N 21°54′E﻿ / ﻿51.050°N 21.900°E﻿ / 51.050; 21.900
| elevation_m = 
| population_total = 
| website = 
}}
Nietrzeba [ɲɛˈtʂɛba] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Józefów nad Wisłą, within Opole Lubelskie County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

Opole County, Lublin Voivodeship
Opole County (Polish: powiat opolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Opole Lubelskie, which lies 44 kilometres (27 mi) west of the regional capital Lublin. The only other town in the county is Poniatowa, lying 8 km (5 mi) north-east of Opole Lubelskie.

The county covers an area of 804.14 square kilometres (310.5 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 59,511, including 9,144 in Poniatowa, 8,421 in Opole Lubelskie, 915 in Józefów nad Wisłą, and a rural population of 41,031.
DHL Ecuador
DHL Ecuador (TransAm) Ltda. (officially Trans Am Aero Express del Ecuador) was a cargo airline based in Guayaquil and established in 1991. It was wholly owned by Deutsche Post and provided services for the group's DHL-branded logistics network in Ecuador. Its main base was José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport. On July 14, 2025, the airline had abruptly suspended operations and was replaced by DHL Aero Expreso.

Deutsche Post
Deutsche Post (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈpɔst], lit. 'German Post') is a brand of DHL Group (listed as "Deutsche Post AG"), used for its domestic mail services in Germany. The services offered under the brand are those of a traditional mail service, making the brand the successor of the former state-owned mail monopoly, Deutsche Bundespost. As of 2008, the monopoly for Deutsche Post on these services has expired.
Matthew Krok
Matthew Krok (born 8 March 1982) is an Australian former child actor best known for playing the role of schoolboy Arthur McArthur on the Australian sitcom Hey Dad...! from 1991 to 1994. He also appeared in a popular Sorbent toilet paper advertising campaign at around the same time.

Sorbent
A sorbent is an insoluble material that either absorbs or adsorbs liquids or gases. They are frequently used to remove pollutants and in the cleanup of chemical accidents and oil spills. Besides their uses in industry, sorbents are used in commercial products such as diapers and odor absorbents, and are researched for applications in environmental air analysis, particularly in the analysis of volatile organic compounds. The name sorbent is derived from sorption, which is itself a derivation from adsorption and absorption.
Dubuque Regional Airport
Dubuque Regional Airport (IATA: DBQ, ICAO: KDBQ, FAA LID: DBQ) is a regional airport located eight miles south of Dubuque, in Dubuque County, Iowa. On U.S. Highway 61, the airport is owned by the city of Dubuque and is operated as a department of the city government. The city council appoints people for four-year terms to the Airport Commission board, which oversees the airport. For day-to-day operations, the commission hires an airport manager. The airport is used for general aviation and sees one airline. A charter service is run by Sun Country Airlines. The airport offers maintenance and refueling services, including service for jets.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 categorized it as a primary commercial service facility. Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 42,870 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 39,359 in 2009, and 33,861 in 2010.

Dubuque County, Iowa
Dubuque County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,266, and was estimated to be 99,242 in 2024, making it the ninth-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat is Dubuque. The county is named for Julien Dubuque, the first European settler of Iowa. Dubuque County comprises the Dubuque, IA Metropolitan statistical area.
Lucienne Delyle
Lucienne Delyle (16 April 1913  – 10 April 1962) was a French singer.

After the success of Mon amant de Saint-Jean (my lover from Saint-Jean), in 1942, Lucienne Delyle became one of the most popular French female singers of the 1950s.

Aimé Barelli
Aimé Barelli (1 March 1917 Lantosque, France – 13 July 1995 Monaco) was a French jazz trumpeter, vocalist, and band leader.

At the beginning of the 1940s Barelli moved to Paris, where he worked with Fred Adison, Alix Combelle, André Ekyan, Maceo Jefferson, Raymond Legrand, Hubert Rostaing, and Raymond Wraskoff. He led his own group from 1943, which performed with Dizzy Gillespie in 1948. He played informally with Sidney Bechet and Charlie Parker in the late 1940s and with Django Reinhardt in 1952. Starting in 1966, he led his own ensemble in Monte Carlo. His daughter is singer Minouche Barelli.
Veridagon
Veridagon avendanoi is an extinct aulopiform ray-finned fish related to species of Enchodus from the Cenomanian-aged Cintalapa Formation, exposed in El Chango Quarry, Chiapas, Mexico. Its original generic name was Dagon; however, this name was preoccupied by a group of South American butterflies. The generic name was eventually amended to Veridagon.

Aulopiformes
Aulopiformes /ˈɔːləpɪfɔːrmiːz/ is a diverse order of marine ray-finned fish consisting of some 15 extant and several prehistoric families with about 45 genera and over 230 species. The common names grinners, lizardfishes and allies, or aulopiforms are sometimes used for this group. They are included in the superorder Cyclosquamata, though modern taxonomists consider this superorder to be unwarranted.

Many extant aulopiforms are deep-sea fishes, with some species recognized as being hermaphroditic, a number of which are able to self-fertilise. Some are benthic, but most are pelagic swimmers (nektonic). A clade of Aulopiformes, the suborder Enchodontoidei and its many constituent families, were dominant nektonic fish throughout much of the Late Cretaceous before the extinction of most of their members around the K–Pg event, with the Dercetidae surviving for some time in the Cenozoic.
Joe Simmons (baseball)
Joseph S. Simmons (né Chabriel; June 13, 1845 – July 24, 1901) was an American Major League Baseball player and manager from New York City. Simmons played three seasons in the National Association; the last year he was player-manager for the Keokuk Westerns, a team that would win just one game of the 13 that they played. He later became the manager for the Wilmington Quicksteps of the Eastern League. Late in the 1884 season, after winning the Eastern League title, the Quicksteps joined the Union Association as a replacement team, but won only 2 of their 18 games.

Simmons died in Jersey City, New Jersey at the age of 56.

National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully-professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 season. It incorporated several professional clubs from the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) of 1857–1870, sometimes called "the amateur Association". In turn, several NA clubs created the succeeding National League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the National League, founded 1876), which joined with the American League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the American League, founded 1901) in the National Agreement of 1903, a "peace pact" that recognized each other as legitimate "major leagues". Following nearly a century of cooperation, the two leagues eventually merged into one organization in 2000 as Major League Baseball (MLB).
Tactile corpuscles of Grandry
The tactile corpuscles of Grandry or Grandry corpuscles are mechanoreceptors found in the beak skin and oral mucosa of aquatic birds including waterfowl. They were first described in 1869 in the bill skin of ducks and geese. Their general structure includes the flattened endings of an afferent nerve fiber sandwiched between two or more somewhat flattened sensory cells called Grandry cells, all surrounded by a layer of satellite cells and a partial capsule of collagen protein. Electrophysiological studies have shown that Grandry corpuscles function as rapidly adapting velocity detectors. In birds, Grandry and Merkel corpuscles share many morphological similarities, which has led to some confusion in the literature over their classification (see §Grandry and Merkel corpuscles).

Oral mucosa
The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. It comprises stratified squamous epithelium, termed "oral epithelium", and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria. The oral cavity has sometimes been described as a mirror that reflects the health of the individual. Changes indicative of disease are seen as alterations in the oral mucosa lining the mouth, which can reveal systemic conditions, such as diabetes or vitamin deficiency, or the local effects of chronic tobacco or alcohol use.
The oral mucosa tends to heal faster and with less scar formation compared to the skin. The underlying mechanism remains unknown, but research suggests that extracellular vesicles might be involved.
Mitar Tzourits
Mitar Djuric (Greek: Δημήτρης Τζούριτς, Serbian Cyrillic: Митар Дурић; born (1989-04-25)25 April 1989) or Dimitris Tzourits is a Serbian-Greek male volleyball player. He competed at the 2011 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship with Trentino Volley.

2014 Men's European Volleyball League
The 2014 Men's European Volleyball League was the eleventh edition of the annual men's Men's European Volleyball League, which featured men's national volleyball teams from ten European countries.

Montenegro defeated Greece 5–1 match points in the final, which was played over two legs, to capture their first title.
Hamed al-Nazir
Hamed al-Nazir (Arabic: حامد الناظر; born 1975), also spelled Hamid el-Nazir, is a Sudanese journalist and novelist.

al-Nazir graduated from Omdurman Ahlia University with a bachelor's degree in Business Management. He has since worked as a broadcaster for the Sudanese Al-Shorouk channel, a news reporter for the MBC channel from Sudan, and a commentator for the Sudanese Blue Nile Channel and Sudanese Radio. He currently works for Alaraby TV as News Presenter. He was working for Qatar TV.

al-Nazir has published four acclaimed novels in Arabic. Several of his novels have been longlisted for the International Prize for Arabic Fiction. An excerpt in English translation of his novel The Waterman's Prophecy was included in Banipal magazine's spring issue on Sudanese Literature Today in 2016.

Qatar Television
Qatar Television, (Arabic: تلفزيون قَطَر, romanized: Tilifizyūn Qaṭar); abbreviated as Qatar TV (or QTV), is a Qatar Government owned public service national television channel in Qatar which is owned and run by Qatar Media Corporation.

Launched in August 1970, QTV was the first television network to produce and transmit its own programmes in the country. The network broadcasts various programmes including news, economical bulletins, documentaries, religious programmes and entertainment.
Pterostylis cycnocephala
Pterostylis cycnocephala, commonly known as the swan greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a rosette of leaves and up to 24 green flowers which have a labellum with a dark green, beak-like appendage. It is widespread and common from the Darling Downs in Queensland to Tasmania, usually growing with grasses.

Robert D. FitzGerald
Robert David FitzGerald (or possibly Robert Desmond FitzGerald) (30 November 1830 – 12 August 1892) was an Irish-Australian surveyor, ornithologist, botanist and poet.

Whilst working as a public servant FitzGerald's private passion and ability regarding ornithology and botany became so skillful that he communicated directly with Charles Darwin regarding Australian species of plant and was referred to several times in the book The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species of 1877. He also collected orchids for the German-Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller.

His extraordinary skills gave rise to a volume of work completed over seven years called Australian Orchids which Joseph Dalton Hooker another botanist, considered "would be an honour to any country and to any Botanist".
Lithuanian long currency
The so-called Lithuanian long currency was a type of money used by the Baltic tribes and in the early Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 12th–15th centuries. It was commodity money in the form of silver ingots. Most often they were semicircular rods about 13 cm (5.1 in) in length and weighted between 100 and 110 g (3.5 and 3.9 oz). Other trading centers, notably Kievan Rus' and Veliky Novgorod, developed their own version of such ingots which are known as grivna or grzywna. The ingots were replaced by minted coins in the middle of the 15th century.

Kernavė
Kernavė was a medieval capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and today is a tourist attraction and an archeological site (population 238, 2021). It is located in the Širvintos district municipality located in southeast Lithuania. A Lithuanian state cultural reserve was established in Kernavė in 1989. In 2004 Kernavė Archaeological Site was included into UNESCO World Heritage list.
Itoh Emi 31
The Itoh Emi  31 was a one-off Japanese civil flying boat first flown in 1922. Operated by an airline on a scheduled route for two years apart from a short break serving a newspaper, it could carry up to three passengers.

Hispano-Suiza 8
The Hispano-Suiza 8 is a water-cooled V8 SOHC aero engine introduced by Hispano-Suiza in 1914 that went on to become the most commonly used liquid-cooled engine in the aircraft of the Entente Powers during the First World War. The original Hispano-Suiza 8A was rated at 140 hp (100 kW) and the later, larger displacement Hispano-Suiza 8F reached 330 hp (250 kW).

Hispano-Suiza 8 engines and variants produced by Hispano-Suiza and other companies under licence were built in twenty-one factories in Spain, France, Britain, Italy, and the U.S.  Derivatives of the engine were also used abroad to power numerous aircraft types and the engine can be considered as the ancestor of another successful engine by the same designer, the Hispano-Suiza 12Y (and Soviet Klimov V12 derivative aero-engines) which was in service during the Second World War.
Stort Navigation
The Stort Navigation is the canalised section of the River Stort running 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the town of Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, downstream to its confluence with the Lee Navigation at Feildes Weir near Rye House, Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire.

Hoddesdon
Hoddesdon (/ˈhɒdzdən/)  is a town in the Borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire, lying entirely within the London Metropolitan Area and Greater London Urban Area. The area is on the River Lea and the Lee Navigation along with the New River.

Hoddesdon is the second most populated town in Broxbourne with a population of 42,253 according to the United Kingdom's 2011 census.

It borders Ware to the north, Nazeing in Essex to the east, and Broxbourne to the south. The Prime Meridian passes just to the east of Hoddesdon. The town is served by Rye House railway station and nearby Broxbourne railway station.
Logan School House K-834
Logan School House is a historic one-room school building located at Kitts Hummock, Kent County, Delaware.  It was built about 1868, and is a one-story, gable roofed frame structure with grey simulated brick composition siding.  The interior has a plastered barrel vault ceiling. The school served the educational requirements of the agricultural community of lower St. Jones Neck School District.  Sometime after 1920 the building ceased to function as a school and it was converted into a private dwelling.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Kitts Hummock, Delaware
Kitts Hummock is an unincorporated community in Kent County, Delaware, United States. Kitts Hummock is located on the Delaware Bay at the end of Kitts Hummock Road, southeast of Dover. It was originally named "Kidds Hammock" after 17th century pirate Captain William Kidd and rumors he buried treasure there. The "Hammock" referred to is the ecological version, meaning a stand of hardwood trees, and the name was inadvertently changed by employees of the Delaware Department of Transportation. A hummock is a similar rise in elevation, leading some to believe the reasoning behind the name.

Kitts Hummock Beach is an official sanctuary for horseshoe crabs, the state marine animal of Delaware and a "signature species" of the Delaware Bay Estuary.
Langate
Langate is a notified area (town) and tehsil headquarters in the Kupwara district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located 16 km south of the district headquarters Kupwara and 70 km northwest from the state capital Srinagar. The landmark at Langate chowk is public park Langate.

Langate tehsil is bounded by Kralgund tehsil on the south, and Handwara tehsil on the north. Sopore, Baramulla, and Watergam are nearby towns.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Sabukaze Kiln Sites
Sabukaze kiln ruins (寒風古窯跡群, Sabukaze koyōseki-gun) is an archaeological site consisting of the remains of kilns for firing Sue ware pottery from the start of the Asuka period to the Heian period  located in the Ushimado neighborhood of the city of Setouchi, Okayama Prefecture in the San'yō region of Japan. The site was the largest production area of Sue ware in western Japan, and the Sue ware from these kilns evolved into the current Bizen ware.  The site has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 1986.

San'yō region
The San'yō Region (山陽地方 San'yō-chihō) is an area in the south of Honshū, the main island of Japan. It consists of the southern part of the Chūgoku region, facing the Seto Inland Sea. The name San'yō means "southern, sunny (yō) side of the mountains" and contrasts with the San'in or "northern, shady (in) side of the mountains".

The region is generally considered to include the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima and Yamaguchi. Sometimes, the section of Hyōgo Prefecture that formerly comprised Harima Province is considered to be within the region as well.

The San'yō encompasses the pre-Meiji provincial areas of Harima, Mimasaka, Bizen, Bitchu, Bingo, Aki, Suō and Nagato.