hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bugallon
Bugallon, officially the Municipality of Bugallon (Pangasinan: Baley na Bugallon; Ilocano: Ili ti Bugallon; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bugallon), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 76,027 people.

Pangasinan language
Pangasinan (Pangasinense) is an Austronesian language, and one of the eight major languages of the Philippines. It is the primary and predominant language of the entire province of Pangasinan and northern Tarlac, on the northern part of Luzon's central plains geographic region, most of whom belong to the Pangasinan ethnic group. Pangasinan is also spoken in southwestern La Union, as well as in the municipalities of Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, and Zambales that border Pangasinan. A few Aeta groups and most Sambal in Central Luzon's northern part also understand and even speak Pangasinan as well.
Ion (Talfourd play)
Ion, a Tragedy is a tragedy by the British writer Thomas Talfourd. Published in 1835, it was first performed at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden  in London on 26 May 1836.  The Covent Garden cast included William Macready as Ion, Ellen Tree (and subsequently Helena Faucit) as Clemanthe,  John Vandenhoff as Adrastus, King of Argos, Charles Thompson as Medon, George John Bennett as Phocion, Henry John Wallack as Ctesiphon, John Langford Pritchard as Agenor, Harriette Deborah Lacy as Abra.

Henry John Wallack
Henry John Wallack (1790 – 30 August 1870) was a British actor, stage manager, and brother of actor James William Wallack.

Wallack was born in London. Wallack's parents were comedians, who performed at the London minor playhouses and in the British provinces.

He worked in the United States, making his debut at the Anthony Street Theatre on 9 May 1821. In America he was received as Hamlet, Sir Peter Teazle, Sir Anthony Absolute, and many other parts.

He appeared at Drury Lane on 26 October 1829 as Julius Caesar to his brother's Mark Antony. Subsequently, he was stage-manager at Covent Garden. He played the title role in Sheridan's Pizarro, Lord Lovell in A New Way to pay Old Debts, O'Donnell in Henri Quatre, Buckingham in Henry VIII, and other parts, and was on 28 November 1829 the first Major O'Simper in Follies of Fashion, by the Earl of Glengall.
Julie Christiansen
Julie Christiansen (born 19 March 1968 in Harstad) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus in 2001, but was not re-elected in 2005. She had previously served as a deputy representative during the terms 1989–1993, 1993–1997 and 1997–2001.

On the local level, Christiansen was a member of Oppegård municipality council from 1987 to 1995.

She graduated from the University of Oslo as cand.mag. in 1994 and cand.polit. in 2007. She was a research fellow at the Norwegian Atlantic Committee from 1995 to 1997 and at NUPI from 2006 to 2007. A strong European Union proponent, she was the deputy leader of the Norwegian European Movement branch from 1999 to 2001.

Harstad Municipality
Harstad (Norwegian: [ˈhɑ̂ʂːʈɑ] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Hárstták) is the second-most populated municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is mostly located on the large island of Hinnøya. The municipal center is the town of Harstad, which is the most populous town in Central Hålogaland and the third-largest in all of Northern Norway. The town was incorporated in 1904. Villages in the municipality include Elgsnes, Fauskevåg, Gausvika, Grøtavær, Kasfjord, Lundenes, Nergården and Sørvika.

The 445-square-kilometre (172 sq mi) municipality is the 225th largest by area out of Norway's 357 municipalities and the 49th most populous, with a population of 25,056. The municipality's population density is 56.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (146/sq mi) and the population has increased by 2.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Erin Simmons
Erin Simmons (born July 9, 1976, in West Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian snowboarder, specializing in the snowboard cross event.

Simmons made her World Cup debut in December 2001 at Whistler, BC. Her first World Cup podium came in February 2004, when she won bronze at an event in Niigata.

Erin has won four World Cup medals, with her best season coming in 2004, when she placed 10th overall in the snowboard cross standings. She competed at the FIS Snowboarding World Championships in 2005, placing 11th.

Simmons competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics, in the snowboard cross. She placed 17th in the qualifying rounds, one place short of advancing to the quarterfinals.

Erin Simmons competed in 8 Winter X Games and has 3 silver X-Games medals. 2001, 2002 & 2005.

FIS Snowboard World Championships
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for Snowboarding. It was first held in 1996 and is now held every odd year. The championship events include Big air, Halfpipe, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Slopestyle and Snowboard cross for both genders as well as mixed team events in Parallel slalom and Snowboard cross.
Jaffee
Jaffee is the surname of:

Al Jaffee (1921–2023), American cartoonist best known for his work for Mad magazine

Elizabeth Jaffee, American medical researcher

Ellen Jaffee (born 1944), member of the New York State Assembly

Irving Jaffee (1906–1981), American speed skater and double gold medalist at the 1932 Winter Olympics

Rami Jaffee (born 1969), American keyboardist of the rock band The Wallflowers

Sara Jaffee, American psychologist

Susan Nirah Jaffee, American screenwriter and television producer

Irving Jaffee
Irving Warren Jaffee (September 15, 1906 in New York City – March 20, 1981 in San Diego, California) was an American speed skater who won two gold medals at the 1932 Winter Olympics, becoming the most successful athlete there along with his compatriot Jack Shea.  It was the first time two Americans had won medals in speed skating at a Winter Olympics.
AVSnap
AVSnap is a freeware audio/visual system integration and design software, developed and released by Altinex Inc. in 2004. It creates a visual routing diagram of an audio/visual system that is similar to an A/V schematic or a computer network diagram. The software provides a design environment to create audiovisual diagrams and layouts.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Stuart Saves His Family
Stuart Saves His Family is a 1995 American comedy film directed by Harold Ramis based on a series of Saturday Night Live sketches from the early to mid-1990s. The film follows the adventures of would-be self-help guru Stuart Smalley, a creation of comedian Al Franken, as he attempts to save both his deeply troubled family and his low-rated public-access television show. Some of the plot is inspired by Franken's book, I'm Good Enough, I'm Smart Enough, and Doggone It, People Like Me!: Daily Affirmations by Stuart Smalley.

The film was produced by Lorne Michaels. Co-stars include Laura San Giacomo, Vincent D'Onofrio, Shirley Knight, Lesley Boone and Harris Yulin. Julia Sweeney, Joe Flaherty, Robin Duke, Richard Riehle, future AEW ring announcer Justin Roberts and Kurt Fuller have cameo roles.

Laura San Giacomo
Laura San Giacomo (born November 14, 1961 or 1962) is an American actress. She played Cynthia in the film Sex, Lies, and Videotape (1989) for which she won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female, Kit De Luca in the film Pretty Woman (1990), Crazy Cora in the film Quigley Down Under (1990), Nadine Cross in The Stand (1994), and Maya Gallo on the sitcom Just Shoot Me! (1997–2003). A BAFTA and two-time Golden Globe Award nominee, she played the regular role of Rhetta Rodriguez on the drama Saving Grace (2007–2010), and the recurring role of Dr. Grace Confalone on the drama NCIS (2016–2024).
María Sirvent
Maria Sirvent is a Spanish writer. She was born in Andújar in 1980, and grew up in Don Benito (Badajoz province) and in Ciudad Rodrigo (Salamanca province). She went to Valladolid to study engineering, but dropped out and moved to Ireland, living there for three years. She has also lived in Italy and Mexico. It was in Mexico that she began to write. She has published two novels, Si supieras que nunca he estado en Londres, volverías de Tokio and Los años impares.

Sirvent lives in Barcelona.

Andújar
Andújar (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈduxaɾ]) is a Spanish municipality of 35,619 people (2024) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia.  The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River.  The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andújar is situated.  To the south are agricultural fields and countryside.  The city proper located on the right bank of the Guadalquivir and the Madrid-Córdoba railway. In the past, Andújar was widely known for its porous earthenware jars, called alcarrazas or botijos, which keep water cool in the hottest weather, and were manufactured from a whitish clay found in the neighbourhood.
Juan Álvarez de Toledo
Juan Álvarez de Toledo (15 July 1488 – 15 September 1557) was a Spanish Dominican and Cardinal, from 1538. Considered papabile in the papal conclave (1549–1550), he was initially running second in votes to Reginald Pole. He was again a candidate in 1555.

He was an influential figure in the history of the University of Santiago de Compostela, sanctioning a division of lay from religious studies.

He was bishop of Córdoba in 1532, and bishop of Burgos in 1537. He was bishop of Albano in 1553, and bishop of Frascati in 1555.

His father was Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 2nd Duke of Alba, his brother Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca, viceroy of Naples.

Reginald Pole
Reginald Pole (12 March 1500 – 17 November 1558) was an English cardinal and the last Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1556 to 1558 during the Marian Restoration of Catholicism.
Church of St Peter, Hilton
The Church of St Peter is a Church of England parish church in Hilton in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and in the county of North Yorkshire. The church dates from the 12th century and is a Grade I listed building.

Stockton-on-Tees
Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in County Durham, England, with a population of 84,815 at the 2021 UK census. It gives its name to and is the largest settlement in the wider Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. It is part of Teesside and the Tees Valley, on the northern bank of the River Tees.

The River Tees was straightened in the early 19th century, so that larger ships could access the town. The ports have since relocated closer to the North Sea, and ships are no longer able to sail from the sea to the town. This is due to the building of the Tees Barrage, which was installed to manage tidal flooding. The Stockton and Darlington Railway served the port during the early part of the Industrial Revolution. The railway was also the world's first permanent steam-powered passenger railway.
Lin Hsiung-cheng
Lin Hsiung-cheng (Chinese: 林熊徵; 5 November 1888 – 27 November 1946), born in Pangkio, Tamsui District, Taipeh Prefecture, Fujian-Taiwan Province, Qing Taiwan (modern-day Banqiao District, New Taipei, Taiwan), was a Taiwanese banker and philanthropist. He was a member of the Lin Ben Yuan Family, the richest family of Taiwan in the late Qing dynasty and Japanese-ruled Era. He was the richest person of Taiwan in his time. He joined the Tongmenghui in 1904, and supported the Sun Yat-sen's revolutions as a patronage. Lin was a co-founder of the Hua Nan Bank. He also participated in other businesses such as sugar production, railroad building, or coal mining. His father was Lin Erh-kang (林爾康). His only son is Lin Ming-cheng (林明成), the current vice chairman of Hua Nan Financial Holdings.

Tongmenghui
The Tongmenghui of China (Chinese: 中國同盟會; pinyin: Zhōngguó Tóngménghuì) was a secret society and underground resistance movement founded by Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren, and others in Tokyo, Empire of Japan, on 20 August 1905, with the goal of overthrowing China's Qing dynasty. It was formed from the merger of multiple late-Qing dynasty Chinese revolutionary groups.
Ziffer
Ziffer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benny Ziffer (born 1953), Israeli writer and journalist

Frances Ziffer (1917–1996), American composer, conductor and pianist

Irit Ziffer (born 1954), Israeli archaeologist and art historian

Moshe Ziffer (1902–1989), Israeli artist and sculptor

Sándor Ziffer (1880–1962), Hungarian painter

Tommaso Ziffer, Italian architect and interior designer

Wolfgang Ziffer (1941–2022), German actor

Irit Ziffer
Irit Ziffer (Hebrew: עירית ציפר; born 1954) is an Israeli archaeologist and art historian.

Irit Margit Ziffer was born in Tel Aviv. She  is the curator of the Ceramics and Copper (Hebrew: Nehushtán) pavilions of the Eretz Israel Museum in Tel Aviv.

Her field of expertise is symbols and their meanings in ancient art, especially the way they were used by political powers.

She is married to the journalist Benny Ziffer.
Organum Mathematicum
The Organum Mathematicum was an information device or teaching machine that was invented by the Jesuit polymath and scholar Athanasius Kircher in the middle of the 17th century. With proper instruction and use, the device could assist in a wide assortment of calculations, including arithmetic, cryptography, and music.

Kircher adopted some of the ideas in the Organum from preexisting inventions like Napier's bones, almanacs, and his own Arca Musarithmica.  Like other calculating devices of the period, the Organum prefigures modern computing technology.  Yet, due to its general lack of adoption, it remains an interesting but obscure footnote in the history of information technology.

Almanac
An almanac (also spelled almanack and almanach) is a regularly published listing of a set of current information about one or multiple subjects. It includes information like weather forecasts, farmers' planting dates, tide tables, and other tabular data often arranged according to the calendar. Celestial figures and various statistics are found in almanacs, such as the rising and setting times of the Sun and Moon, dates of eclipses, hours of high and low tides, and religious festivals. The set of events noted in an almanac may be tailored for a specific group of readers, such as farmers, sailors, or astronomers.
Fermín Vélez
Fermín Vélez Bisbe (April 3, 1959 – March 31, 2003) was a Spanish sports car racing driver, two-time winner of the 12 Hours of Sebring and two-time World Sportscar Championship Group C2 champion.

Vélez was a driver in the Indy Racing League, racing in the 1996–1997 seasons with six career starts, including two at the Indianapolis 500. Born in Barcelona, Spain, Vélez died there of cancer.

Vélez is honoured by the 24H Series sportscar race at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in Montmeló, where the race is called the Fermin Vélez Trophy.

Montmeló
Montmeló (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌmomːəˈlo]) is a municipality in the comarca of Vallès Oriental, within the Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain. It contains the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, which is the home of the Formula One Barcelona-Catalunya Grand Prix, and was the home of the Spanish Grand Prix until 2025, and the home of MotoGP Catalan Grand Prix.
Xavier Mader
Xavier Mader (1789–1830) was a French wallpaper designer. Mader designed numerous scenic wallpapers for Joseph Dufour et Cie, a French wallpaper manufacturer. For Dufour's 1812 Les Monuments de Paris wallpaper, Mader worked with a team of 250 artisans to create the piece.

His work is included in the collection of the RISD museum, the Musée de Valence, France, and the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.

Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum is a design museum at the Andrew Carnegie Mansion in Manhattan, New York City, along the Upper East Side's Museum Mile. It is one of 19 Smithsonian Institution museums and one of three Smithsonian facilities located in New York City, along with the National Museum of the American Indian's George Gustav Heye Center in Bowling Green and the Archives of American Art New York Research Center in the Flatiron District. Unlike other Smithsonian museums, Cooper Hewitt charges an admissions fee. It is the only museum in the United States devoted to historical and contemporary design. Its collections and exhibitions explore design aesthetic and creativity from throughout the United States' history.
Pugachevsky (rural locality)
Pugachevsky/Pugachyovsky (Russian: Пугачевский; masculine), Pugachevskaya/Pugachyovskaya (Пугачевская; feminine), or Pugachevskoye/Pugachyovskoye (Пугачевское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Pugachevsky, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Sarafanovsky Selsoviet of Chebarkulsky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast

Pugachevsky, Orenburg Oblast, a settlement in Pugachevsky Selsoviet of Orenburgsky District in Orenburg Oblast

Pugachevsky, Saratov Oblast, a settlement in Pugachyovsky District of Saratov Oblast

Pugachevskaya, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Rakulo-Kokshengsky Selsoviet of Velsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast

Pugachevskaya, Volgograd Oblast, a stanitsa in Pugachevsky Selsoviet of Kotelnikovsky District in Volgograd Oblast

Stanitsa
A stanitsa or stanitza (/stəˈniːtsə/ stə-NEET-sə; Russian: станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ⓘ), also spelled stanytsia (Ukrainian: станиця [stɐˈnɪtsʲɐ]) or stanitsa (Belarusian: станіца [staˈnʲitsa]), was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host, a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire.
Prestatyn Sports F.C.
Prestatyn Sports Football Club is a Welsh football team based in Prestatyn, Denbighshire, Wales.  The team play in the North Wales Coast East Football League Division One, which is at the fifth tier of the Welsh football league system.

Welsh Alliance League
The Welsh Alliance Football League (formerly the Lock Stock Welsh Alliance Football League, for sponsorship reasons) was a football league formed in 1984, and discontinued in 2020 following the reorganisation of the Welsh football pyramid for the 2020–21 season.

Division 1 was part of the third level of the Welsh football league system in North Wales.
The Night of the Comet
"The Night of the Comet" is the second episode of the first season of The CW television series, The Vampire Diaries, and the series second episode overall. It originally aired on Thursday, September 17, 2009. The episode was written by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec and directed by Marcos Siega. The title references the 1984 cult film Night of the Comet.

Night of the Comet
Night of the Comet is a 1984 American science fiction comedy horror film  written and directed by Thom Eberhardt.  It stars Catherine Mary Stewart, Robert Beltran, and Kelli Maroney as survivors of a comet that has turned most people into either dust or zombies.  Night of the Comet grossed $14.4 million in the US on a $700,000 budget.  It received positive reviews according to Rotten Tomatoes and has since become a cult film, influencing the creation of Buffy Summers.
Hibernian F.C. Reserves and Academy
In addition to their first team competing in the Scottish Premiership, Hibernian F.C. also maintain further teams for younger age groups playing in competitions such as the Scottish Challenge Cup and the Scottish Youth Cup within the club's academy.

Scottish Premier Reserve League
The Scottish Premier Reserve League was the top reserve team league for Scottish football teams. The competition started at the same time as the inauguration of the Scottish Premier League in the 1998–99 season. It was initially an under-21 league, with a quota of five players over the age limit allowed per team in any match. The league was discontinued after the 2008–09 season. Since then, alternative structures have been mooted, such as allowing the bigger clubs to field reserve teams in the lower divisions of the Scottish Football League.
Döda fallet
Döda fallet (English: the dead fall) is a former whitewater rapid in of the river Indalsälven in Ragunda Municipality in the eastern part of the province of Jämtland in Sweden. Glacial debris had blocked the course of the Indalsälven at Döda fallet for thousands of years, creating a reservoir of glacial meltwater 25 km (16 mi) long known as Ragundasjön (English: Ragunda lake), which overflowed over a natural spillway that bypassed this dam of debris, in a long high steep rapid known as Gedungsen or Storforsen (English: the great rapid). It was one of the most impressive rapids in Sweden with a total fall height of about 35 meters (115 feet) and a large water discharge.

The lake disappeared and the falls went dry in the 1796 Ragunda lake burst disaster after a flood rerouted the river through a small canal constructed to bypass the falls, carving a new channel and emptying the lake in four hours.

Whitewater
Whitewater forms in the context of rapids, in particular, when a river's gradient changes enough to generate so much turbulence that air is trapped within the water. This forms an unstable current that froths, making the water appear opaque and white.

The term "whitewater" also has a broader meaning, applying to any river or creek that has a significant number of rapids. The term is also used as an adjective describing boating on such rivers, such as  whitewater canoeing or whitewater kayaking.
John E. Fogarty
John Edward Fogarty (March 23, 1913 – January 10, 1967) was a congressman from Rhode Island for 26 years. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was influential in passing numerous legislations and acts. For his service he received awards and honors.

American Library Association Honorary Membership
Honorary Membership conferred by the American Library Association is the Association's highest award. "Honorary membership may be conferred on a living citizen of any country whose contribution to librarianship or a closely related field is so outstanding that it is of lasting importance to the advancement of the whole field of library service. It is intended to reflect honor upon the ALA as well as upon the individual." The Honorary Membership award was established in 1879.

The first Honorary Memberships were bestowed in 1879 to Charles William Eliot, President of Harvard University and Frederick O. Prince Trustee of the Boston Public Library.
Otto II's raid on Poland
This is the 979 German-Polish War. For a list of all Polish-German Wars, see Polish-German Wars.

Otto II's raid on Poland was a military expedition against Civitas Schinesghe the state of Mieszko I after Mieszko I supported the rebellious prince Henry the Quarrelsome during the civil war in Germany following the death of Emperor Otto I the Great. The invasion ended in defeat for the Holy Roman Empire, as Otto II could not achieve any military success which forced him to return to Germany.

Henry II, Duke of Bavaria
Henry II (951 – 28 August 995), called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome (German: Heinrich der Zänker), a member of the German royal Ottonian dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria from 955 to 976 and again from 985 to 995, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 989 to 995.