hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert C. Weaver
Robert Clifton Weaver (December 29, 1907 – July 17, 1997) was an American economist, academic, and political administrator who served as the first United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development from 1966 to 1968, when the department was newly established by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Weaver was the first African American to be appointed to a US Cabinet-level position.

Prior to his appointment as cabinet officer, Weaver had served in the administration of President John F. Kennedy. In addition, he had served in New York State government, and in high-level positions in New York City. During the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration, he was one of 45 prominent African Americans appointed to positions and helped make up the Black Cabinet, an informal group of African American public policy advisers.  Weaver directed federal programs during the administration of the New Deal, at the same time completing his doctorate in economics in 1934 at Harvard University.

Roy Wilkins
Roy Ottoway Wilkins (August 30, 1901 – September 8, 1981) was an American civil rights leader from the 1930s to the 1970s. Wilkins' most notable role was his leadership of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), in which he held the title of Executive Secretary from 1955 to 1963 and Executive Director from 1964 to 1977. Wilkins was a central figure in many notable marches of the civil rights movement and made contributions to African-American literature. He controversially advocated for African Americans to join the military.
No Tomorrow, Pt. 2
"No Tomorrow, Pt. 2" is a song by American singer Brandy Norwood, featuring fellow American singer Ty Dolla Sign. It is a remix of the song "No Tomorrow" taken from Norwood's seventh studio album, B7 (2020). "No Tomorrow" is a minimalist mid-tempo track with instrumentation from synthesizers, a piano, bass kicks, and finger snaps. It was written by Norwood and Joshua "YXSH" Thomas, while production was handled by Norwood, Thomas and Cory Rooney, with co-production by Darhyl "DJ" Camper.

The remix was released on October 14, 2020. "No Tomorrow" was part of Norwood's set lists of her performances at the Billboard Music Awards and on Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve in 2020.

2020 Billboard Music Awards
The 2020 Billboard Music Awards were held on Wednesday October 14, 2020, at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles, California. The ceremony was broadcast live from NBC. Hosted by Kelly Clarkson for the third year in a row, the ceremony was sponsored by TikTok and Xfinity. The ceremony was originally scheduled for April 29, 2020, but was later postponed first indefinitely and then to October due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nominees were announced on September 22, 2020. Voting opened on TikTok on October 1 and closed on October 13. Presenters were announced October 13.

Post Malone was the most awarded, with nine awards. Malone was also the most nominated, with 16 nominations. Garth Brooks and Killer Mike received the Icon Award and the inaugural Change Maker Award, respectively.
1988–89 John Player Special Trophy
The 1988–89 John Player Special Trophy was the eighteenth season for the competition (named as such due to sponsorship from John Player & Sons).

Wigan won the final, beating Widnes by the score of 12-6. The match was played at Burnden Park, Bolton, Greater Manchester. The attendance was 20,709 and receipts were £94874.

John Player & Sons
John Player & Sons, most often known simply as Player's, was a tobacco and cigarette manufacturer based in Nottingham, England. In 1901 the company merged with twelve other companies to become a branch of the Imperial Tobacco Company of Great Britain and Ireland. The company pioneered the advertising with trading (cigarette) cards. As a branch, Player's continued this practice (see below), most notably with a series devoted to the association football in the 1930s.

The brands currently sold, "Players" and "John Player Special" are owned and marketed by Imperial Brands and, especially in markets external to the UK, by British American Tobacco. In the UK, the JPS Players brand is the third-most popular cigarette brand (As of November 2025). Its Gold Leaf rolling tobacco is the fourth most-popular in the UK.
.350 Remington Magnum
The .350 Remington Magnum was introduced in 1965 by the Remington Arms Company for the Model 600 rifle. It was later offered in the Model 660, Model 673, and Model 700 rifles, as well as the XP-100. It was discontinued as a regular factory chambering in 1974 after a poor sales record.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
1910 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1910 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the German writer Paul Heyse (1830–1914) "as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories." He is the third German recipient of the prize after Rudolf Christoph Eucken in 1908.

Rudolf Christoph Eucken
Rudolf Christoph Eucken (/ˈɔɪkən/; German: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈɔʏkn̩] ⓘ; 5 January 1846 – 14 September 1926) was a German philosopher. He received the 1908 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his earnest search for truth, his penetrating power of thought, his wide range of vision, and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life", after he had been nominated by a member of the Swedish Academy.
African sacred ibis
The African sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) is a species of ibis, a wading bird of the family Threskiornithidae. It is native to much of Africa, as well as small parts of Iraq, Iran and Kuwait. It is especially known for its role in Ancient Egyptian religion, where it was linked to the god Thoth. The species is currently extirpated from Egypt.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Vassdalen
Vassdalen (Norwegian) or Áravuopmi (Northern Sami) is a valley and rural village area in Narvik Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The river Vassdalselva flows through Vassdalen into the lake of Hartvikvatnet. The river from Hartvikvatnet is called Elvegårdselva, flowing westwards and emptying into the Herjangsfjorden at the village of Bjerkvik.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Jeff Dozier
Jeff Dozier was an American snow hydrologist, environmental scientist, researcher and academic. He was distinguished professor emeritus and founding dean of the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Dozier's research and teaching focused on snow science, Earth system science, radiative transfer in snow, remote sensing and information systems, image processing, and terrain analysis.

Dozier was a fellow of the American Geophysical Union and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the NASA/Department of Interior William T. Pecora Award.

Radiative transfer
Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically. Equations of radiative transfer have application in a wide variety of subjects including optics, astrophysics, atmospheric science, and remote sensing. Analytic solutions to the radiative transfer equation (RTE) exist for simple cases but for more realistic media, with complex multiple scattering effects, numerical methods are required. 
The present article is largely focused on the condition of radiative equilibrium.
Beni Ansar
Beni Ansar (Arabic: بْني نصار) is a town in Nador Province, Oriental, Morocco, located 12 km (7½ miles) north of the city of Nador. It is bordered on the north by the Spanish city of Melilla. According to the 2014 census, Beni Ensar has a population of 56,582, and its area is 20 hectares (50 acres).

The port of Beni Ansar is one of the main ports of Morocco, serving the city of Nador (Beni Ansar port is usually referred to as Nador Port). The urban area is bordered on the west by Mount Gurugu (Adrar 'n Gurgu) and a highway, and on the east by the Lagoon of Nador (Mar Chica or Řebḥar Ameẓẓyan), the railway, and the industrial zone around the port.

Oriental (Morocco)
Oriental region or Oujda region (Arabic: الشرق, romanized: aš-šarq) is one of the twelve regions of Morocco, located in the north-eastern part of the country. With an area of 90,127 km2 and a population of 2,269,378 (2024 census), it is the easternmost region of Morocco.

The capital and the largest city is Oujda, and the second largest city is Nador. The region includes 7 provinces and one prefecture.

The majority of the population of the Oriental Region speaks Moroccan Arabic (86.2%) as a first or second language. According to the 2024 census, 31.1% of the inhabitants of the Oriental Region speak Tarifit. Small numbers speak Eastern Middle Atlas Tamazight and Figuig Tamazight, principally in the south of Oriental.
José de Oliveira
José de Oliveira can refer to:

José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832–1897), Portuguese explorer and naturalist

José Luiz de Oliveira (born 1904), Brazilian footballer

José Freire de Oliveira Neto (1928–2012), Brazilian Catholic bishop

José Ribamar de Oliveira (1932–1974), Brazilian footballer

Zé Olívio (José Olivio Miranda Oliveira, 1947-2008), Brazilian trade unionist

José Aparecido de Oliveira, Brazilian politician, minister of Culture (Brazil) 1985 and 1988–1990

José Carlos de Oliveira, Brazilian runner in 1995 South American Championships in Athletics and 1999 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Men's short race

José Roberto de Oliveira (born 1980), Brazilian footballer

Márcio José de Oliveira (born 1984), Brazilian footballer

José Jefferson Rodrigues de Oliveira (born 1985), Brazilian footballer

Paulinho (footballer, born April 1986), Brazilian footballer, full name Paulo José de Oliveira

José Rogério de Oliveira Melo (born 1990), Brazilian footballer

Canhoteiro
José Ribamar de Oliveira, best known as Canhoteiro  (24 September 1932 – 16 August 1974) was a Brazilian footballer, who played most notably for São Paulo FC. Canhoteiro means essentially "left footed."

Canhoteiro was regarded as one of Brazil's greatest dribblers of his generation. and played during a time of exceptional talent in that country. He had epic games against Pelé of Santos FC, one in particular in 1958, played under heavy rain at Pacaembu Stadium in São Paulo – the game ended tied at two goals each, with Pelé and Canhoteiro scoring both goals for each of their clubs. Canhoteiro died pennyless and an alcoholic, the fate of many a footballer in the early years of the game.

One of his nicknames was "the Garrincha of the left".
Hartridge Hill
Hartridge Hill is an elongated, peat hill situated in the Luppitt catchment area of East Devon, England.  Mostly privately owned and primarily used for farming this is, with a peak rising 261 metres (856 ft) asl, one of the highest spots in the Otter Valley. At its highest and most southerly point there is a tumulus or burial mound.

At its most southerly point lies the hamlet of Beacon.

50°50′47″N 3°10′01″W﻿ / ﻿50.84639°N 3.16694°W﻿ / 50.84639; -3.16694

Luppitt
Luppitt is a village and civil parish in East Devon situated about 4 miles (6 km) due north of Honiton.

St Mary's church, Luppitt, is a Grade I listed building. The font is probably Norman but may be late Anglo-Saxon; the bowl is covered with elaborate sculpture and the east face features a martyrdom.

The historian William Harris was preacher at the village's Presbyterian chapel from 1741 to 1770.

Towards the end of his life, the painter Robert Polhill Bevan (1865-1925) had a cottage called Marlpits on Luppitt Common, in which he painted a number of views of the neighbourhood.

The Luppitt Inn is a public house on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.
Nick Kaldas
Naguib "Nick" Kaldas AO, APM (born 1958) is a former Australian police officer and former deputy commissioner of the New South Wales Police Force.  Though considered to be a possible future Commissioner, in March 2016 Kaldas announced his decision to leave the Police Force and currently works for the United Nations.

Australian Police Medal
The Australian Police Medal (APM) is awarded for distinguished service by a member of an Australian police force.
The APM was introduced in 1986, and replaced the Imperial King’s Police Medal for Gallantry and King’s Police Medal for Distinguished Service.

Awards are made by the Governor-General, on the nomination of the responsible federal minister or respective state premier or territory chief minister. Recipients of the Australian Police Medal are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "APM".
Positive education
Positive education is an approach to education that draws on positive psychology's emphasis of individual strengths and personal motivation to promote learning.  Unlike traditional school approaches, positive schooling teachers use techniques that focus on the well-being of individual students.  Teachers use methods such as developing tailored goals for each student to engender learning and working with them to develop the plans and motivation to reach their goals.  Rather than pushing students to achieve at a set grade level, seen through the emphasis of standardized testing, this approach attempts to customize learning goals to individual students' levels. Instead of setting students to compete against one another, learning is viewed as a cooperative process where teachers learn to respect their students and each student's input is valued.

Circle of Courage
The Circle of Courage is a model of youth development based on the principles of belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity.  The model integrates child development practices of tribal peoples and the findings of modern youth development research.
Ragab Abdelhay
Ragab Abdelhay Saad Abdelrazek Abdalla (Arabic: رجب عبد الحي سعد عبد الرازق عبد الله, born 4 March 1991), known as Ragab Abdalla or Ragab Abdelhay, is an Egyptian weightlifter. He finished fifth at the 2012 Olympics (−85 kg) and fifth at the 2016 Olympics (−94 kg). He won the gold medal at the 2013 Mediterranean Games in the 94 kg event.

2013 Mediterranean Games
The 2013 Mediterranean Games (Turkish: 2013 Akdeniz Oyunları), officially known as the XVII Mediterranean Games (Turkish: XVII Akdeniz Oyunları) and commonly known as Mersin 2013, was an international multi-sport event held from 20 to 30 June 2013 in Mersin, Turkey. Mersin was announced as the host city at the General Assembly of the International Committee of Mediterranean Games (CIJM) on 23 February 2011. Mersin is the second city in Turkey after İzmir to host the Mediterranean Games. All 24 member National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the ICMG participated in the Games. The official programme for the Games is featuring events in 27 different sports.
News1
News1, also known by its former name News First Class (NFC), is an Israeli news website concentrating on investigative journalism. The website was established by investigative reporter Yoav Yitzhak, who is the chief editor and contributing journalist.

In 2011, Yitzhak returned to his former employer Maariv when the two signed an agreement in which the print newspaper will publish Yitzhak's investigative reporting.

Maariv (newspaper)
Maariv (Hebrew: מַעֲרִיב, lit. 'bringing on evening') is a Hebrew-language daily newspaper published in Israel.

From Sunday to Thursday, it is printed under the Ma'ariv Hashavu'a (Hebrew: מַעֲרִיב הַשָּׁבוּעַ) brand, while the weekend edition that is out on Friday is called Ma'ariv SofHashavu'a (Hebrew: מַעֲרִיב סוּפְהַשָּׁבוּעַ). A daily, abridged version of the newspaper, called Ma'ariv Haboker (Hebrew: מעריב הבוקר), is distributed for free every morning during the week. Ma'ariv Haboker is the fourth largest Israeli newspaper in terms of readership (after Israel HaYom, Yedioth Ahronoth and Haaretz).

Since May 2014, Maariv's co-editors in chief are Doron Cohen and Golan Bar-Yosef. Apart from the daily newspaper and its supplements, Maariv has a chain of local newspapers with a national-scale distribution and magazine division.
William Scott Ament
William Scott Ament (Chinese Names: 梅子明 and 梅威良 Mei Wei Liang; 14 September 1851 – 6 January 1909 in San Francisco) was a missionary to China for the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) from 1877, and was known as the "Father of Christian Endeavor in China." Ament became prominent as a result of his activism during the Boxer Uprising and controversial in its aftermath because of the personal attacks on him by American writer Mark Twain for his collection of punitive indemnities from northern Chinese villages.

Owosso, Michigan
Owosso (/oʊˈɒsoʊ/ oh-OS-oh) is the largest city in Shiawassee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 14,714 at the 2020 census. It is located 29 miles (46.7 km) west of Flint, and 32 miles (51.5 km) northeast of Lansing. The city is mostly surrounded by Owosso Township on its west, but the two are administered autonomously. The city was named after Chief Wosso, an Ojibwe leader of the Shiawassee area.
One Pangasinan Alliance
One Pangasinan Alliance or OPAL (DMA) is an economic alliance of six towns and one city of western Pangasinan, representing the 1st District of Pangasinan. It is composed of Alaminos, Agno, Anda, Bani, Bolinao, Burgos, Dasol, Infanta, Mabini & Sual

According to the 2007 Philippine census, OPAL is home to 379,637 people and a land area of 1,759.

Bani, Pangasinan
Bani, officially the Municipality of Bani (Pangasinan: Baley na Bani; Ilocano: Ili ti Bani; Sambal: Babali nin Bani; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bani), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 52,715 people.
1999 Holt by-election
The 1999 Holt by-election was held in the Australian electorate of Holt in Victoria on 6 November 1999. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of the sitting member, former Australian Labor Party deputy leader Gareth Evans on 30 September 1999. The writ for the by-election was issued on 1 October 1999.

Division of Holt
The Division of Holt is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria.

As of 2025, the division is located in outer south-east Melbourne and covers the southern half of City of Casey. It includes the suburbs of Blind Bight, Botanic Ridge, Cannons Creek, Clyde, Cranbourne, Cranbourne East, Cranbourne South, Cranbourne West, Devon Meadows, Hampton Park, Junction Village, Lynbrook, and Warneet; and parts of Clyde North, Cranbourne North, Lyndhurst, Narre Warren South, Pearcedale and Tooradin.

Since 2022, the division is represented by Cassandra Fernando of the Labor Party.
Discovery and development of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of HIV. RT is one of the most popular targets in the field of antiretroviral drug development.

Discovery and development of NNRTIs began in the late 1980s  and in the end of 2009 four NNRTI had been approved by regulatory authorities and several others were undergoing clinical development. Drug resistance develops quickly if NNRTIs are administered as monotherapy and therefore NNRTIs are always given as part of combination therapy, the highly active antiretroviral therapy  (HAART).

Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine (C4H4N2; /pɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn, paɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn/) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C5H5N). One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.: 250  The other diazines are pyrazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 4 positions) and pyridazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 2 positions).

In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg
Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg (German: Borwin Herzog zu Mecklenburg; given names: Georg Borwin Friedrich Franz Karl Stephan Konrad Hubertus Maria; born 10 June 1956), has been the head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz since 1996 and of the entire House of Mecklenburg since 2001. The death of Friedrich Franz, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – his godfather – the last male member of the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin on 31 July 2001 made Strelitz the only remaining line of the House of Mecklenburg, which ruled in Mecklenburg until 1918.

Borwin, his sons Alexander and Michael, and his grandson Leopold, are the only known surviving legitimate male-line descendants of the medieval princely dynasty descended from Niklot of the Obotrites, which has included Albert, King of Sweden.

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (German: Großherzogtum Mecklenburg-Schwerin) was a territory in Northern Germany held by the House of Mecklenburg residing at Schwerin. It was a sovereign member state of the German Confederation and became a federated state of the North German Confederation and finally of the German Empire in 1871.