hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pierre-Nérée Dorion
Pierre-Nérée Dorion (October 16, 1816 – 1874) was a land surveyor and political figure in Quebec, Canada. He represented Drummond—Arthabaska in the House of Commons of Canada from 1872 to 1874 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade, Lower Canada, the son of Pierre-Antoine Dorion and Genevieve Bureau, and educated at the Séminaire de Nicolet. In 1846, he married Mary Ann Marler. Dorion was mayor of Grantham and also served as warden for Drummond County.

His brother Antoine-Aimé Dorion also served in the House of Commons and his brother Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion served in the assembly for the Province of Canada.

Drummond—Arthabaska
Drummond—Arthabaska was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It was amalgamated into the Richmond, Drummond and Lotbinière electoral districts in 1966.
Qutrit
A qutrit (or quantum trit) is a unit of quantum information that is realized by a 3-level quantum system, that may be in a superposition of three mutually orthogonal quantum states.

The qutrit is analogous to the classical radix-3 trit, just as the qubit, a quantum system described by a superposition of two orthogonal states, is analogous to the classical radix-2 bit.

There is ongoing work to develop quantum computers using qutrits and qudits in general.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Whitesand Dam
The Whitesand Dam lies on the Reindeer River in Saskatchewan, a tributary of the Churchill River. It regulates the outflow from Reindeer Lake.

The dam was built in 1942, as a way of regulating flows to Island Falls Dam and hydropower station. Both dams were operated by the Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting company, and were sold to the Saskatchewan Power Corporation in 1983.

Flooding caused by the dam has been the subject of a legal battle going back to 2004, particularly focussing on impacts on the Southend community of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation.

Southend, Saskatchewan
Southend (Woods Cree: ᐚᐹᑎᑯᒋᐘᓄᕽ, romanized: wâpâtikociwanohk) is a community in north-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated on Big Island at the southern end of Reindeer Lake — the ninth largest lake in Canada. The community is the terminus of Highway 102 and is about 221 kilometres (137 mi) north-east of La Ronge.

The community consists of the northern settlement of Southend with a population of 35 and Southend 200, an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation, with a population of 904.
Sir Walter Morgan, 1st Baronet
Sir Walter Vaughan Morgan, 1st Baronet (3 May 1831 – 12 November 1916), was a British businessman and the 578th Lord Mayor of London.

Vaughan-Morgan was the sixth son of Thomas Morgan of Pipton, near Glasbury, Breconshire and his wife Elizabeth Vaughan. He served as Sheriff of London for 1900-01 and as Lord Mayor of London for 1905–05. In 1906 he was created a Baronet, of Whitehall Court in the City of Westminster. He was a treasurer of Christ's Hospital.

Together with his six brothers, he had established in 1856 the Patent Plumbago Crucible Company, acquiring a factory site in Battersea; this company has become Morgan Advanced Materials.

His youngest brother Octavius Vaughan Morgan, FSA (1837–96) was a Liberal MP for Battersea from 1885 until 1892.

Christ's Hospital
Christ's Hospital is a public school (English fee-charging boarding school for pupils aged 11–18) with a royal charter, located to the south of Horsham in West Sussex.

The school was founded in 1552 and the royal charter granted in 1553 (26 June, 7 Edw. VI). Since its establishment, Christ's Hospital has been a charity school, with a core aim to offer children from disadvantaged backgrounds the chance of a better education.
Reserve Defence Forces Representative Association
The Reserve Defence Forces Representative Association (RDFRA) (Irish: Comhlachas lonadaitheach na nÓglach Cúltaca) is the representative body for all ranks of the Reserve Defence Forces (RDF) in Ireland.

RDFRA was founded in 1992 and is responsible for representing and furthering the interests of active service members of the Irish Reserve Defence Forces, which is made up of the Army Reserve (AR) and Naval Service Reserve (NSR). Membership is open to all officer and other ranked personnel of the Reserve. Funding comes from government subvention and annual membership deductions.

The RDFRA National Office is located in Clarke Barracks at the Defence Forces Training Centre (DFTC) in the Curragh Camp, County Kildare.

Curragh Camp
The Curragh Camp (Irish: Campa an Churraigh) is an army base and military college in The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland. It is the main training centre for the Irish Defence Forces and is home to 2,000 military personnel.
Carolyn Gage
Carolyn Gage (born 1952) is an American playwright, actor, theatrical director and author. She has written nine books on lesbian theater and sixty-five plays, musicals, and one-woman shows. A lesbian feminist, her work emphasizes non-traditional roles for women and lesbian characters.

Solo performance
A solo performance, sometimes referred to as a one-man show, one-woman show, or one-person show, features a single person telling a story for an audience, typically for the purpose of entertainment. This type of performance comes in many varieties, including autobiographical creations, comedy acts, novel adaptations, vaudeville, poetry, music and dance. In 1996, Rob Becker's Defending the Caveman became the longest-running one-person play in the history of Broadway theatre.
Wood's screw maneuver
Wood's screw maneuver is practiced in obstetrics when dealing with shoulder dystocia – a condition in which the fetal shoulders cannot easily pass through the vagina. In this maneuver the anterior shoulder is pushed towards the baby's chest, and the posterior shoulder is pushed towards the baby's back, making the baby's head somewhat face the mother's rectum.

This maneuver is tried only after the McRoberts maneuver, and application of suprapubic (lower abdomen) pressure have been tried.

It is named after Charles Edwin Woods, who was the first to examine this maneuver in detail.

Posterior shoulder
Posterior shoulder in obstetrics refers to the shoulder of the fetus other than the anterior shoulder. Thus, the posterior shoulder faces the rectum of the mother during delivery. Whether left or the right shoulder becomes the posterior shoulder is dependent upon the original position of the fetus.
It is known as the posterior shoulder as it faces the posterior of the mother. This distinction between the anterior and the posterior shoulder is important as the anterior shoulder is delivered first.
Boothstown
Boothstown is a suburban village in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England. Boothstown forms part of the Boothstown and Ellenbrook ward, which had a population at the 2011 Census of 9,599. The village is within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, west of the City of Salford, bordered to the north by the East Lancashire Road A580 and to the south by the Bridgewater Canal. Historically, it was a hamlet partly in Worsley township in the parish of Eccles, and partly in Tyldesley in the parish of Leigh.

Boothstown lies 5.2 miles (8.4 km) northwest of Salford, 6.8 miles (10.9 km) northwest of Manchester and 10 miles (16.1 km) southeast of Wigan. Astley is to the west, to the north is Walkden and to the east is Worsley where there is a transport interchange between the M60, M62 and M602 motorways.

Once known for its mining community, Boothstown is now a mainly residential area.

Boothstown and Ellenbrook (ward)
Boothstown and Ellenbrook is an electoral ward of Salford, England. The ward was created in 2004 following recommendations made by the Boundary Committee for England. It is represented in Westminster by Barbara Keeley MP for Worsley and Eccles South. The 2011 Census recorded a population of 9,532.
Following extensive boundary changes to wards across the City of Salford, Boothstown and Ellenbrook was expanded to include the village of Roe Green. These new boundaries were first contested on 6 May 2021 in all-out elections, requiring all three ward councillors to stand for re-election.
Jackson (footballer, born 11 May 1990)
Jackson Alan Tibolla Rodrigues (Porto Alegre, May 11, 1990) is a Brazilian soccer defender who plays for Coritiba. He has previously played for Juventude (2009), Ponte Preta (2010) and Boa Esporte (2011).

He played in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B for Juventude and Boa Esporte.

Associação Atlética Ponte Preta
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [asosjaˈsɐ̃w aˈtlɛtʃikɐ ˈpõtʃi ˈpɾetɐ]), commonly referred to as Ponte Preta or just Ponte, is a Brazilian association football club based in Campinas, São Paulo state. Ponte currently plays in the Série C, the third tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Paulista Série A1, the top tier of the São Paulo state football league.

Founded on August 11, 1900, Ponte Preta is the second-oldest football club established in Brazil still in activity, with the oldest being Sport Club Rio Grande in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul. They are also one of the first to use black players, leading to their nickname Macaca (lit. [female] monkey).

Ponte's biggest rival is Guarani. Matches involving the two clubs, falling under the name Derby Campineiro and first played on March 24, 1912, are usually preceded by days of provocations and sometimes fights in Campinas.
Philippines at the 1992 Summer Olympics
The Philippines competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. 26 competitors, 24 men and 2 women, took part in 29 events in 9 sports. Stephen Fernandez and Beatriz Lucero won a bronze medal each in taekwondo, but their medals were not included in the official medal tally because taekwondo was only a demonstration event.

Stephen Fernandez
Stephen Fernandez is a Filipino taekwondo practitioner and coach. He competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona where he won a bronze medal in taekwondo, considered a demonstration event for that edition.

Fernandez was the senior Deputy Chef de Mission for the Philippine delegation at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games.  He is the Deputy Secretary General, as well, of the Philippine Taekwondo Association. He was a coach for the taekwondo team of the De La Salle University for 24 years.
Sahelian goat
The Sahelian is an African breed or group of breeds of domestic goat. It is used to produce meat, goatskin and milk.: 404  It is distributed in twelve African countries, principally in the Sahel region from which the name derives, but also in other parts of Africa – in the Central African Republic, Ghana, Somalia and Togo; it is also present in Iran. The largest population is reported from Mali, where in 2015 there were about 35 million head, or about 75% of the total population of almost 48 million.

Goat milk
Goat milk is the milk of domestic goats. Goats produce about 2% of the world's total annual milk supply. Some goats are bred specifically for milk. Goat milk naturally has small, well-emulsified fat globules, which means the cream remains in suspension for a longer period of time than cow's milk; therefore, it does not need to be homogenized. Eventually, the cream rises to the top over a period of a few days. If the milk is to be used to make cheese, homogenization is not recommended, as this changes the structure of the milk, affecting the culture's ability to coagulate the milk as well as the final quality and yield of cheese.

Dairy goats in their prime (generally around the third or fourth lactation cycle) average—2.7 to 3.6 kg (6 to 8 lb)—(or 2.8 to 3.8 L (3 to 4 U.S. qt))—of milk production daily—roughly during a ten-month lactation. Goats produce more after freshening and gradually drop production toward the end of their lactation. The milk generally averages 3.5% butterfat.
Coyansa Draw
Coyanosa Draw is a river in Pecos County and Reeves County Texas, with part of it running adjacent to Coyanosa. It is 28 miles north west of Fort Stockton. The draw splits off from the Pecos River. While the draw was at one point visible running surface water, most of the draw is now groundwater. The river was named in Echo Burning, a Jack Reacher novel by Lee Child.

Pecos County, Texas
Pecos County (/ˈpeɪkəs/ PAY-kəs) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 15,193. The county seat is Fort Stockton. The county was created in 1871 and organized in 1875. It is named for the Pecos River. It is one of the nine counties that comprise the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas.
Clarinet Sonatas (Brahms)
The Clarinet Sonatas, Op. 120, Nos. 1 and 2, are a pair of works written for clarinet and piano by the Romantic composer Johannes Brahms. They were written in 1894 and are dedicated to the clarinetist Richard Mühlfeld.

The sonatas stem from a period late in Brahms's life where he discovered the beauty of the sound and tonal colour of the clarinet. The form of the clarinet sonata was largely undeveloped when Brahms wrote his, after which the combination of clarinet and piano was more readily used in composers’ new works. These were the last chamber pieces Brahms wrote before his death and are considered two of the great masterpieces in the clarinet repertoire. Brahms also produced a frequently performed transcription of these works for viola with alterations to better suit the instrument.

Romantic music
Romantic music is a stylistic movement in Western Classical music associated with the period of the 19th century commonly referred to as the Romantic era (or Romantic period). It is closely related to the broader concept of Romanticism—the intellectual, artistic, and literary movement that became prominent in Western culture from about 1798 until 1837.

Romantic composers sought to create music that was individualistic, emotional, dramatic, and often programmatic; reflecting broader trends within the movements of Romantic literature, poetry, art, and philosophy. Romantic music was often ostensibly inspired by (or else sought to evoke) non-musical stimuli, such as nature, literature, poetry, super-natural elements, or the fine arts. It included features such as increased chromaticism and moved away from traditional forms.
Pete Patterson
James Peter Patterson (born January 4, 1957) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer for the United States, from Sun Valley, Idaho. At the Winter Olympics, he finished thirteenth in the downhill in 1976 and fifth in 1980. At the time, he tied for the best finish by an American male in an Olympic downhill (with Bill Beck in 1952).

Two years earlier at the 1978 World Championships at Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany, Patterson was the bronze medalist in the combined  event. The combined was then a "paper race", using the results of the downhill, giant slalom, and slalom.

United States Ski Team
The U.S. Ski Team, operating under the auspices of U.S. Ski & Snowboard, develops and supports men's and women's athletes in the sports of alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, cross-country, ski jumping, and Nordic combined. Since 1974 the team and association have been headquartered in Park City, Utah.

These individuals represent the best athletes in the country for their respective sports and compete as a team at the national, world and Olympic level.
Pedro Paulo (politician)
Pedro Paulo Carvalho Teixeira (born 29 June 1972) is a Brazilian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2011. From 2007 to 2011, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro.

Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro
22°54′14″S 43°10′26″W﻿ / ﻿22.90389°S 43.17389°W﻿ / -22.90389; -43.17389

The Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro or ALERJ) is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. It has 70 state deputies elected by proportional representation.

After the 1834 Additional Act, the Provincial Assembly was founded in the city of Vila Real de Praia Grande (now Niterói), after the unification of the states of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro on March 15, 1975 the assembly was moved to the Tiradentes Palace in the city of Rio de Janeiro (site of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil until 1960).
Wadi el-Hudi
Wadi el-Hudi is a mining region that includes a large wadi and a mountain named Gebel el-Hudi in the Egyptian Eastern Desert, Southeast of Aswan. The name hudi is thought to come from the Arabic word for guide. Wadi el-Hudi is geologically rich and has been the basis of considerable mining and study since Ancient times. While it was initially known for the ancient amethyst quarries, this area is important the study of Egyptian archaeology and history because of its high number of rock inscriptions, stele, settlements, and mines, mainly dating to the Middle Kingdom. This area is fairly large, about 100 square kilometers.

Ahmed Fakhry
Ahmed Fakhry (Arabic: أحمد فخري) (born in Faiyum Governorate in 1905 – Paris, 7 June 1973) was an Egyptian archaeologist who worked in the Western desert of Egypt (including in 1940 dig at El Haiz, and then at Siwa), and also in the necropolis at Dahshur.

The exhibition of archival material traces key stages of his life and presents Egypt as seen through the eyes of Ahmed Fakhry, using his photographs, notes, and sketches. He conducted an excavation at Deir el-Haga in the Dakhla Oasis, Egypt
Bon (surname)
Anna Bon, Russian/Italian composer and singer.

Bartolomeo Bon, Italian sculptor and architect

Bhakti Hridaya Bon (1901–1982), Indian guru

François Bon (b. 1953), French novelist

Louis André Bon (1758–1799), French general

Marcel Bon (1925–2014), French mycologist

Michel Bon (b. 1943), French businessman and politician

Naftali Bon(1945–2018), Kenyan runner

Piet Bon (b. 1946), Dutch rower

Simon Bon (1904–1987), Dutch rower, father of Piet

Bon Scott (1948–1980), deceased singer with AC/DC

Léon van Bon (b. 1972), Dutch cyclist

Jon Bon Jovi (b. 1962), American Singer with Bon Jovi

William Bon Mardion (b. 1983), French ski mountaineer

Bartolomeo Bon
Bartolomeo Bon (also spelled Buon; died after 1464) was an Italian sculptor and architect from Campione d'Italia.  His career spans the transition between Venetian Gothic architecture and the rather late start of Venetian Renaissance architecture.

Together with his father Zane Bon, he worked in Venice: they finished the decoration of the famous Gothic Ca' d'Oro (1424–1430) and the marble door of the Basilica di Santa Maria dei Frari. They were also entrusted with the construction of the Porta della Carta (1438–1442) at the Palazzo Ducale.

Bartolomeo alone worked at a portal of the Scuola Grande della Misericordia (a lunette is now housed in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London), the portal of San Giovanni e Paolo and the Porta della Carta, which connects the Ducal Palace to St. Mark's Basilica.
Bernhard Scheid
Bernhard Scheid (born 1960) is an Austrian historian, academic, and Japanologist, affiliated to the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of East Asian Studies at the University of Vienna (Institut für Ostasienkunde der Universität Wien). In addition, Scheid counts among the Austrian top players of the game of Go.

Japanese studies
Japanese studies or Japan studies (Japanese: 日本学, Hepburn: Nihongaku), sometimes known as Japanology in Europe, is a sub-field of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on Japan. It incorporates fields such as the study of Japanese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science.

The historical roots of Western Japanese studies may be traced back to the Dutch traders based at Dejima, Nagasaki during the Edo period (1603–1867). The foundation of the Asiatic Society of Japan at Yokohama in 1872 by Western scholars such as Ernest Satow and Frederick Victor Dickins was an important event in the development of Japanese studies as an academic discipline.
Mount Dawson (Antarctica)
Mount Dawson (77°46′S 86°21′W﻿ / ﻿77.767°S 86.350°W﻿ / -77.767; -86.350) is a sharp, pyramidal mountain located 4 km (2.5 mi) northwest of Mount Reimer in the north part of the Sentinel Range, Antarctica. It surmounts Vidul Glacier to the east.

The mountain was discovered by the Charles R. Bentley-led Marie Byrd Land Traverse Party, 1957–58, and named after Major Merle R. Dawson (d.1986), USA, leader of the Army-Navy Trail Party which established an oversnow route from Little America V to the site of Byrd Station in November–December 1956; Project Manager for Ship Operations in the Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation (NSF), 1965–70.

Project manager
A project manager is a professional in the field of project management. Project managers have the responsibility of the planning, procurement and execution of a project, in any undertaking that has a defined scope, defined start and a defined finish; regardless of industry. Project managers are first point of contact for any issues or discrepancies arising from within the heads of various departments in an organization before the problem escalates to higher authorities, as project representative.

Project management is the responsibility of a project manager. This individual seldom participates directly in the activities that produce the result, but rather strives to maintain the progress, mutual interaction and tasks of various parties in such a way that reduces the risk of overall failure, maximizes benefits, and minimizes costs.
Chaillu Massif
The Chaillu Mountains are a mountain range straddling southern Gabon and the Republic of Congo which is named after the French explorer Paul Du Chaillu, who explored and documented this region in the 19th century.

The highest peaks are Mont Iboundji (980m), and Mt Mimongo (1020 m). The rocks of the range are sedimentary in origin.

The range is home to the rises of several rivers including the Louesse, Ogoulou, Ikoy, Lolo, Lekoko, Lebombi, and Offoue.

Paul Du Chaillu
Paul Belloni Du Chaillu (July 31, 1831 (disputed) – April 29, 1903) was a French-American traveler, zoologist, and anthropologist.  He became famous in the 1860s as the first modern European outsider to confirm the existence of gorillas, and later the Pygmy people of central Africa.  He later researched the prehistory of Scandinavia.
PEN America (journal)
PEN America: A Journal for Writers and Readers is an annual literary journal that features fiction, poetry, conversation, criticism, and memoir. It is published by PEN America in New York City. Contributors include Yousef Al-Mohaimeed, Paul Auster, Michael Cunningham, Lydia Davis, Petina Gappah, Nikki Giovanni, Rawi Hage, Shahriar Mandanipour, Colum McCann, Michael Ondaatje, Marilynne Robinson, Salman Rushdie, Susan Sontag, John Edgar Wideman, and many others.

Yousef Al-Mohaimeed
Yousef Al-Mohaimeed, (Arabic: يوسف المحيميد; born January 31, 1964, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi Arabian writer and journalist who has published several novels and short story collections in Arabic, and has been translated into English, Russian, Italian, Spanish and German.