hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Williams v Commonwealth (No 2)
Williams v Commonwealth of Australia [2014] HCA 23 (also known as Williams (No 2)) judgment of the High Court. It is related to executive prerogative and spending in relation to the Australian Government's National School Chaplaincy Programme.

Judgment (law)
In law, a judgment is a decision of a court regarding the rights and liabilities of parties in a legal action or proceeding. Judgments also generally provide the court's explanation of why it has chosen to make a particular court order.

Speakers of British English tend to use the term at the appellate level as synonymous with judicial opinion. American English speakers prefer to maintain a clear distinction between the opinion of an appellate court (setting forth reasons for the disposition of an appeal) and the judgment of an appellate court (the pronouncement of the disposition itself).

In Canadian English, the phrase "reasons for judgment" is often used interchangeably with "judgment," although the former refers to the court's justification of its judgment while the latter refers to the final court order regarding the rights and liabilities of the parties.
2018 The Women's Tour
The 2018 Ovo Energy Women's Tour was the fifth staging of The Women's Tour, a women's cycling stage race held in the United Kingdom. It ran from 13 to 17 June 2018, as part of the 2018 UCI Women's World Tour.

The race was won by American rider Coryn Rivera of Team Sunweb, after winning stage 2 and holding her lead to the finish. Rivera also won the sprints classification. Second place overall was Dutch rider Marianne Vos of WaowDeals Pro Cycling, with Vos also winning the points classification. Third place overall was Vos' teammate Dani Rowe – the highest placed British rider overall. WaowDeals Pro Cycling also won the teams classification. The mountains classification was won by Italian rider Elisa Longo Borghini of Wiggle High5.

Elisa Longo Borghini
Elisa Longo Borghini (born 10 December 1991) is an Italian professional road cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam UAE Team ADQ.

Longo Borghini is a two-time winner of the Giro d'Italia Women (2024 and 2025), as well as two bronze medals in the road race at the Summer Olympic Games, taking third-place finishes in Rio de Janeiro and Tokyo. She has also won two bronze medals in the equivalent event at the UCI Road World Championships, doing so in 2012 and 2020. She has won several races often considered  classics of women's cycling, including: Trofeo Alfredo Binda in 2013 and 2021,   Tour of Flanders in 2015 and 2024, Strade Bianche in 2017, and Paris–Roubaix Femmes in 2022.
Arthur G. Elliott Jr.
Arthur G. Elliott Jr. (October 17, 1916 – August 18, 2003) was an American politician from the state of Michigan.

Elliott had resided in Royal Oak, Pleasant Ridge and Birmingham; all located in Oakland County.  He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention from Michigan in 1960 and 1964.  He was a delegate to the Michigan State Constitutional Convention from Oakland County 5th District, 1961–1962.  He served as Chairman of the Michigan Republican Party 1963–1965.

Republican National Convention
The Republican National Convention (RNC) is a series of presidential nominating conventions held every four years since 1856 by the Republican Party in the United States. They are administered by the Republican National Committee. The  goal of the Republican National Convention is to officially nominate and confirm a candidate for president and vice president, adopt a comprehensive party platform and unify the party, as well as publicize and launch the fall campaign.

Delegates from all fifty U.S. states and from American dependencies and territories, including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, attend the convention and cast their votes. Like the Democratic National Convention, the Republican National Convention marks the formal end of the primary election period and the start of the general election season. In 2020, all parties replaced the usual conventions with short online programs.
Yevgeni Menshov
Yevgeni Aleksandrovich Menshov (Russian: Евге́ний Алекса́ндрович Меньшо́в; 19 February 1947 — 19 May 2015) was a Soviet and Russian actor and presenter. An actor of the Moscow Gogol Theatre, he was a Meritorious Artist of Russia (1993). For many years he was the host of the leading TV music festival Pesnya goda. People's Artist of Russia (2005).

Menshov died on 19 May 2015 at the age of 68 after a brief illness.

Gogol Center
The Gogol Center, formerly Gogol Theatre, is a multi-use arts complex in Moscow that was home to Russia's leading avant-garde theater. In June 2022 it was closed down by the Russian Government, along with an announcement that it would be renamed Nikolai Gogol Drama Theatre.

Starting life as a theatre company called Drama and Comedy Theatre in 1925, the theatre has undergone a succession of renamings, including  Moscow Theatre of Transport and Central Theatre of Transport, as the company originally served railway workers. It was first named after writer  Nikolai Gogol on the 150th anniversary of his birth, in 1935.

The building is located at 8A Kazakova Street, Moscow.
USS Leutze
USS Leutze (DD-481) was a Fletcher-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Admiral Eugene H. C. Leutze (1847–1931).

Leutze was laid down on 3 June 1941 by Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington and launched 29 October 1942; sponsored by Miss Caroline Rowcliffe, granddaughter of Rear Adm. E. H. C. Leutze, daughter of Rear Adm. Gilbert Jonathan Rowcliff. The ship was commissioned 4 March 1944.

Bremerton, Washington
Bremerton is a city in Kitsap County, Washington, United States. The population was 43,505 at the 2020 census and an estimated 44,122 in 2021, making it the largest city on the Kitsap Peninsula. Bremerton is home to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and the Bremerton Annex of Naval Base Kitsap.

The city lies west of Seattle and is connected by an automobile ferry operated by Washington State Ferries and a passenger-only ferry operated by Kitsap Transit. Bremerton spans the Port Washington Narrows and extends inland along Sinclair Inlet opposite from Port Orchard.
Rome, Tennessee
Rome is an unincorporated community in Smith County, Tennessee, United States.

Rome is located at the confluence of Round Lick Creek and the Cumberland River. It is served by U.S. Highway 70N (US 70N).

Cumberland River
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688-mile-long (1,107 km) river drains almost 18,000 square miles (47,000 km2) of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red Rivers.

Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee.

The river system has been extensively altered for flood control. Major dams impound areas of both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.
Toro, Molise
Toro (Molisan: Ture) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Campobasso.

Toro borders the following municipalities: Campodipietra, Jelsi, Monacilioni, Pietracatella, San Giovanni in Galdo.

Province of Campobasso
The province of Campobasso (Italian: provincia di Campobasso; Molisan dialect: pruìnge de Cambuàsce) is a province in the Molise region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Campobasso. It covers an area of c. 2,941 square kilometres (1,136 sq mi) and has a total population of 223,871 (2017). There are 84 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province.

The eastern part of the province is home to a small Croatian minority who speak an archaic dialect of Croatian. The Croatians reside primarily in Acquaviva Collecroce, San Felice and Montemitro.
Jafarzadeh
Jafarzadeh or Jafarzade (Azerbaijani: Cəfərzadə, Persian: جعفرزاده) is an Azerbaijani and Persian language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alireza Jafarzadeh

Aziza Jafarzade

Esmail Jafarzadeh

Gholam Ali Jafarzadeh

Ishag Jafarzadeh

Mina Jafarzadeh

Sa'id Jafarzādeh Homāy

Sevinj Jafarzade

Rza Afganli

Aziza Jafarzade
Aziza Mammed qyzy Jafarzade (December 29, 1921, in Baku, Azerbaijan – September 4, 2003) (Azerbaijani: Cəfərzadə Əzizə Məmməd qızı) was an Azerbaijani writer and professor of philology. She was an expert on the history of Azerbaijani literature.
U-18 Women's Softball World Cup
The U-18 Women's Softball World Cup is a fastpitch softball tournament for age 18-and-under national teams held by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). Prior to the 2021 edition, the tournament was an under-19 tournament.

The latest edition of the WBSC U-18 Women's Softball World Cup was played in Lima, Peru in December 2021, with the  United States claiming their fourth consecutive women's youth softball world title, and eighth overall, following a dramatic 1–0 win against Chinese Taipei in the final. This tournament was rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, originally scheduled for 2020.

The tournament, with a history of 42 years and 14 editions, moved to a four-year cycle and changed its competition format from 2024. The Group Stage will be held between July and September 2024 in São Paulo, Pingtan and Dallas. The Finals will be held in 2025 in the North American city itself.

Pingtan County
Pingtan County (Chinese: 平潭县) is a county and archipelago comprising 126 islands in the Taiwan Strait, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, China. Now it is also the subject of Pingtan Comprehensive Pilot Zone (平潭综合实验区). The main island is Haitan Island (海坛岛; Hāi-tàng Dō).
Charletonia austisensis
Charletonia austisensis is a species of mite belonging to the family Erythraeidae. C. austisensis belongs to the species group with two setae between coxae II and III. It differs from its cogenerate species by various length measurements. The species was first found in Austis, Sardinia, after which it is named.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Adrenalina Caribe
Adrenalina Caribe is a Venezuelan music group. Primarily performing Latin and Tropical music, they formed in 1979 in Caracas.

At the peak of Adrenalina Caribe's popularity, the band released several albums under Venezuelan record label Sonográfica in the 1980s. They were led by Evio di Marzo, who went on to perform with a number of guest-musicians under the same name. Originally the band consisted of di Marzo, Alberto Borregales (timpani), Ilan Chester (keyboards) and Sergio Pérez (violin).

In the evening of May 28, 2018, Evio di Marzo was shot by thieves while resisting being stolen his car in downtown Caracas, Venezuela. Di Marzo was transported to Pérez Carreño Hospital in the same city, where he was pronounced dead on arrival.

Ilan Chester
Ilan Chester; born July 30, 1952 as Ilan Czenstochowski Schaechter; (Polish: [t͡ʂɛnstɔˈxɔfski] ⓘ, Spanish: [t͡ʃenstoˈxawski]) is a Venezuelan singer-songwriter, composer, pianist, and music producer of Israeli origin. Active since the 1970s, he has released over thirty albums and is considered one of the most influential figures in Venezuelan pop music. His work blends pop and rock with Venezuelan folk traditions and spiritual influences. In 2010, he received a Latin Grammy Award for the six-CD anthology Tesoros de la Música Venezolana (Treasures of Venezuelan Music).
Iiro Vanha
Iiro Olavi Vanha (born 17 December 1994) is a Finnish professional futsal player who plays for Croatian club MNK Olmissum and the Finland national futsal team. He represented Finland at the UEFA Futsal Euro 2022, which was their first ever appearance in the final tournament. He is also a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

UEFA Futsal Euro 2022
The 2022 UEFA Futsal Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Futsal Euro 2022, was the 12th edition of the UEFA Futsal Championship, the international futsal championship organised by UEFA for the men's national teams of Europe. It was hosted for the first time in the Netherlands.

This is the first tournament to be held on a four-year basis and featuring 16 teams, as the competition was previously played every two years and included 12 teams since 2010. It took place between 19 January and 6 February 2022, in the cities of Amsterdam and Groningen. The teams practiced for the competition in Wildervank and Rotterdam.

Portugal won their second title in a row after defeating Russia in the final 4–2, thus becoming the second national team, after Spain, to successfully defend the title.
New Century Library
New Century Library (simplified Chinese: 新世纪图书馆; traditional Chinese: 新世紀圖書館) is a Nanjing-based theoretical journal of library science and information science for the whole China, published monthly and located at No. 189, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing.

The editor-in-chief of the New Century Library is Xu Xiaoyue. Its ISSN number is ISSN 1672-514X, and OCLC number is OCLC 54437744.

Information science
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. Practitioners within and outside the field engage in the study of knowledge application and usage in organizations. Additionally, they examine the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems. The objective of this study is to create, replace, improve, or understand the information systems.
Simon Wilson (cyclist)
Simon Wilson (born 1 August 1980) is a British track and road racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Ribble Weldtite. Wilson won a bronze medal in the team pursuit at the 2011 British National Track Championships and 2018 British National Track Championships.

2011 British National Track Championships
The 2011 British National Track Championships were held between 28 September 2011 and 2 October 2011. The event was organised by British Cycling, and competitions of various track cycling disciplines in age, gender and disability categories were held.

The competition was staged at the National Track Cycling Centre at the Manchester Velodrome, the venue for the track cycling at the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

The event was notable for the return to form of Sir Chris Hoy, who claimed three national titles, and the emergence of Jonathan Mould, and the future world champions Becky James and Lizzie Armitstead, who won two titles each.
Source (lifestyle magazine)
Source magazine was a free bi-monthly magazine published by the John Brown Group on behalf of Greenbee, a former direct services brand of the John Lewis Partnership. The magazine featured articles covering interior design, beauty, the arts, travel, finance, and lifestyle. Helena Lang edited the magazine between 2006 and 2009. Source ceased publication in 2009, and the Greenbee brand was discontinued in 2010.

NRS social grade
The NRS social grades are a system of demographic classification used in the United Kingdom. They were originally developed by the National Readership Survey (NRS) to classify readers, but have since  been used by many other organisations for wider applications and have become a standard for market research. They were developed in the late 1950s and refined in following years and achieved widespread usage in 20th century Britain. Their definition is maintained by the Market Research Society.

According to Ipsos, NRS social grade is not the same as social class. The distinguishing feature of the NRS social grade is that it is based on occupation, rather than income, wealth or property ownership.
Waldo Quiroz
Waldo Quiroz (born 10 September 1949) is a Chilean footballer. He played in five matches for the Chile national football team from 1977 to 1979. He was also part of Chile's squad for the 1979 Copa América tournament.

1979 Copa América
The 1979 edition of the Copa América association football tournament was played between 18 July and 12 December. It was not held in a particular country, all matches were played on a home and away basis. Defending champions Peru were given a bye into the semi-finals.
Argonauta-class submarine
The Argonauta-class submarine was the first sub-class of the 600 Series of coastal submarines built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during the 1930s. Some of these boats played a minor role in the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939 supporting the Spanish Nationalists. Of the seven boats built in this class, only a single one survived the Second World War.

Coastal submarine
A coastal submarine or littoral submarine is a small, maneuverable submarine with a shallow draft well suited to navigating  coastal channels and harbors. Although size is not precisely defined, coastal submarines are larger than midget submarines, but smaller than sea-going submarines designed for longer patrols on the open ocean. Space limitations aboard coastal submarines restrict fuel availability for distant travel, food availability for extended patrol duration, and number of weapons carried. Within those limitations, however, coastal submarines may be able to reach areas inaccessible to larger submarines, and be more difficult to detect.
Helado de paila
Helado de paila is a creamy frozen dessert with an intense fruit flavor. Originating in the Andean region of South America, it is made by hand in a large bronze basin, known as a paila, resting on a container of ice and salt, using various aromatic fruits.

The process of making helado de paila developed in the highlands of northern Ecuador and southern Colombia, including in Imbabura Province and Nariño Department. It was invented during a period before refrigeration, and it was made using ice that formed at low temperatures in the inter-Andean moors.

Today, helado de paila continues to be made at various Colombian and Ecuadorian tourist sites, markets, and festivals, in flavors like blackberry, soursop, naranjilla, coconut, strawberry, tree tomato, mango, and passion fruit. The fruit is blended with sugar before being stirred with a wood spatula in the basin over ice and a bed of straw, producing a texture similar to that of sorbet.

Nariño Department
Nariño (Spanish pronunciation: [naˈɾiɲo]) is a department of Colombia named after independence leader Antonio Nariño. Its capital is Pasto. It is in the west of the country, bordering Ecuador and the Pacific Ocean.

Nariño has a diverse geography and varied climate according to altitude: hot in the plains of the Pacific and cold in the mountains, where most of the population resides, a situation that is repeated in a north-south direction. Other important cities include Tumaco and Ipiales.
Hayward, Oregon
Hayward is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Oregon, United States.  Settled in the late 1880s and named in 1891 by Binger Hermann, it is located off U.S. 26 near Manning. It had a public school from 1891-1945. The school was a 20'x30' frame building that cost $184.44 to build, which included $60 for the carpenter, William Clapshaw. In 1946 it was sold at auction, dismantled, and moved to Banks.

It has a cemetery, opened in 1894. It had a post office from December 1891 until November 1904. Previously, the neighboring town of Greenville, Oregon had the only nearby post office, and it reverted there after it closed.

Banks, Oregon
Banks is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States, which is located in the Tualatin Valley. It is the southern anchor to the Banks–Vernonia State Trail, which is a 21-mile-long (34 km) linear trail popular with bicyclists, hikers, and equestrians. The population was 1,837 at the 2020 census. The community was named for John and Nancy Banks, who owned a nearby dairy farm. Incorporated in 1921, it is located in the western part of the county where Oregon Route 6 intersects Oregon Route 47.
Agrani Bank Ltd. SC
Agrani Bank Ltd. Sports Club (Bengali: অগ্রণী ব্যাংক লিমিটেড এসসি) is a Bangladeshi professional football club based in Dhaka. The club is owned by Agrani Bank PLC, a state-owned commercial bank. It last participated in the 2021–22 Bangladesh Championship League, however withdrew from the league the following season.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
HMS Ark Royal
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Ark Royal:

Ark Royal (1587), the flagship of the English fleet during the Spanish Armada campaign of 1588

HMS Ark Royal (1914), planned as freighter, built as seaplane carrier during the First World War, renamed Pegasus in 1934

HMS Ark Royal (91), British aircraft carrier launched in 1937 which participated in the Second World War and was sunk by a U-boat in 1941

HMS Ark Royal (R09), an Audacious-class aircraft carrier launched in 1950, decommissioned in 1979

HMS Ark Royal (R07), an Invincible-class aircraft carrier, launched in 1981, decommissioned in 2011

HMS Ark Royal (R09)
HMS Ark Royal (R09) was an Audacious-class aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy and, when she was decommissioned in 1979, was the Royal Navy's last remaining conventional catapult and arrested-landing aircraft carrier.  She was the first aircraft carrier to be equipped with an angled flight deck at its commissioning; her sister ship, HMS Eagle, was the Royal Navy's first angle-decked aircraft carrier after modification in 1954.  Ark Royal was the only non-United States vessel to operate the McDonnell Douglas Phantom at sea.