hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas County, Kansas
Douglas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Lawrence.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 118,785, making it the fifth-most populous county in Kansas.  The county was named after Stephen Douglas, a U.S. Senator from Illinois and advocate for the popular sovereignty choice in the Kansas slavery debate.

Douglas County comprises the Lawrence, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City, MO-KS Combined Statistical Area.

Popular sovereignty in the United States
Popular sovereignty is the principle that the leaders of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the source of all political legitimacy. Citizens may unite and offer to delegate a portion of their sovereign powers and duties to those who wish to serve as officers of the state, contingent on the officers agreeing to serve according to the will of the people. In the United States, the term has been used to express this concept in constitutional law. It was also used during the 19th century in reference to a proposed solution to the debate over the expansion of slavery in the United States. The proposal would have given the power to determine the legality of slavery to the inhabitants of the territory seeking statehood, rather than to Congress.
Matthew Walsh (writer)
Matthew Walsh is a Canadian poet, originally from Nova Scotia and currently based in Toronto, Ontario.

Their debut book, these are not the potatoes of my youth, was published in 2019, and was shortlisted for the Gerald Lampert Award and the Trillium Book Award for English Poetry in 2020.

They followed up in 2024 with Terrarium, which was shortlisted for the Trillium Book Award for English Poetry in 2025.

Trillium Book Award, English
The following is a list of winners and nominees in English-language categories for the Trillium Book Award, a Canadian literary award presented by Ontario Creates to honour books published by writers resident in the province of Ontario. Separate awards have been presented for French-language literature since 1994; for the winners and nominees in French-language categories, see Trillium Book Award, French.
Gli Asolani
Gli Asolani (the people of Asolo) are dialogues in three books written between 1497 and 1504 by Pietro Bembo in the language of Petrarch and comprise his first important work. Although he had shown a copy to Lucrezia Borgia in 1503, the first edition from 1505 was published by Aldo Manuzio (Aldus Manutius), and the second edition was published, after various revisions, in 1530.
They concern a dialogue on love that is supposed to have happened at Asolo near the court of Caterina Cornaro.

Petrarch
Francis Petrarch (/ˈpɛtrɑːrk, ˈpiːt-/; 20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374; Latin: Franciscus Petrarcha; modern Italian: Francesco Petrarca [franˈtʃesko peˈtrarka]), born Francesco di Petracco, was a scholar from Arezzo and poet of the early Italian Renaissance, as well as one of the earliest humanists.

Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited with initiating the 14th-century Italian Renaissance and the founding of Renaissance humanism. In the 16th century, Pietro Bembo created the model for the modern Italian language based on Petrarch's works, as well as those of Giovanni Boccaccio, and, to a lesser extent, Dante Alighieri. Petrarch was later endorsed as a model for Italian style by the Accademia della Crusca.

Petrarch's sonnets were admired and imitated throughout Europe during the Renaissance and became a model for lyrical poetry. He is also known for being the first to develop the concept of the "Dark Ages".
Ribstone (provincial electoral district)
Ribstone was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada, mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting from 1913 to 1940.

Ribstone is named for the Hamlet of Ribstone, Alberta.

Ribstone
Ribstone is a locality in central Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District (MD) of Wainwright No. 61. It is located approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south of Highway 14 and 65 kilometres (40 mi) southwest of Lloydminster.
PenTile matrix family
PenTile matrix is a family of patented subpixel matrix schemes used in electronic device displays. PenTile is a trademark of Samsung. PenTile matrices are used in AMOLED and LCD displays.

These subpixel layouts are specifically designed to operate with proprietary algorithms for subpixel rendering embedded in the display driver, allowing plug and play compatibility with conventional RGB (Red-Green-Blue) stripe panels.

Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.
Veronica Lauren
Veronica Lauren (born December 17, 1980) is an American actress. She played Alice, the young girlfriend of Elijah Wood's character, in Forever Young (1992), and is best known for playing Hope Burnford in the 1993 film Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey and its 1996 sequel Homeward Bound II: Lost in San Francisco. Her other film credits have included roles in The Grass Harp (1995), Charlie's Ghost Story (1995) and American Pie (film series) (1999).  She also had roles on TV shows including Dark Shadows, Days of Our Lives, Home Improvement and Cold Case.

Forever Young (1992 film)
Forever Young is a 1992 American fantasy romantic drama film directed by Steve Miner and starring Mel Gibson, Elijah Wood, and Jamie Lee Curtis. The screenplay was written by J. J. Abrams from an original story named "The Rest of Daniel".
Can't Shake It
"Can't Shake It" is a song recorded by Australian singer Kate Miller-Heidke and released in October 2008 as the lead single from Miller-Heidke's second studio album Curiouser. The song peaked at number 38 on the ARIA Charts.

"Can't Shake It" was nominated for Best Song in the 2009 APRA Music Awards.

APRA Awards (Australia)
The APRA Music Awards in Australia celebrate excellence in contemporary music, honoring songwriters and publishers who have achieved artistic excellence and outstanding success in their fields.

Several award ceremonies are run in Australia by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) and Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). In addition to the APRA Music Awards, APRA AMCOS, in association with the Australian Music Centre, presents awards for classical music, jazz and improvised music, experimental music and sound art, known as the Art Music Awards. It also runs, in association with the Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC), the Screen Music Awards, to acknowledge excellence in the field of screen composition.
The Crossing (Miller novel)
The Crossing is the seventh novel by English novelist Andrew Miller published in 2015 by Sceptre, an imprint by Hodder & Stoughton. It was recommended by the Financial Times as being one of the best books in 2015.

Sceptre (imprint)
Sceptre is an imprint of Hodder & Stoughton, a British publishing house that is a division of Hachette UK.

Founded in 1986 as the literary imprint of Hodder & Stoughton, Sceptre’s remit is to publish original fiction and non-fiction that aims not just to entertain and absorb but also to stretch the mind: to be thought-provoking, stimulating, surprising and enlightening.
Takab
Takab (Persian: تكاب) is a city in the Central District of Takab County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

The famous historical complex Takht-e Soleyman is situated to the North-East of the city. Takht-e-Soleyman was one of Takab's oldest Zoroastrian fire temples during the Sassanid Dynasty and had the name Azargoshnasp. The Karaftu Cave is also situated in Takab near Saqqez.

Saqqez
Saqqez (Sorani Kurdish: سەقز; Kurdish: Seqiz; Persian: سقز; English: /sæɡɛz/ sa-ghez; Persian pronunciation: [sæɣˈɣez]) is a city in the Central District of Saqqez County, Kurdistan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
Chak Phra
Chak Phra (Thai: ชักพระ, pronounced [t͡ɕʰák pʰráʔ]) is a Buddhist festival that is celebrated annually in Southern Thailand and Northern Malaysia. The name "Chak Phra" could be translated as “Pulling the Buddha”, “pulling of the Buddhist monks”,  or “pulling of ceremonial Buddha image carriages”.

Chak Phra takes place in the eleventh lunar month of the traditional Thai lunar calendar on the first day of the waning moon. In the western calendar it usually falls in the month of October. Because the festival is based on a lunar calendar, the exact dates when it takes place change every year.

The largest celebration takes place in Mueang Surat Thani, along the Tapi River. This festival lasts nine days and nine nights. Smaller celebrations also take place throughout the south including: Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phatthalung, Pattani, and Ko Samui.

Nakhon Si Thammarat
Nakhon Si Thammarat (Thai: นครศรีธรรมราช, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sǐː tʰām.mā.râːt]; from Sanskrit: "Nagara Shrī Dharmarāja") is a city municipality (thesaban nakhon) located in Mueang Nakhon Si Thammarat, the capital of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Nakhon Si Thammarat Province is situated in the South of Thailand. It is about 610 km (380 mi) south of Bangkok, on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. The city was the administrative centre of Southern Thailand during most of its history. Originally, a coastal city, silting moved the coastline away from the city. The city has a much larger north to south extension than west to east, which dates back to its original location on a flood-save dune. The modern city centre on the train station is north of Old Town. As of 2019, the city had a population of 102,152.
Fayyaz Hashmi
Fayyaz Hashmi (Urdu: فیاض ہاشمی; 1920 – 2011) was a Pakistani poet and screenwriter who worked both in the Indian and Pakistani film industry.

He penned some memorable songs such as the famous nazm Aaj Jaane Ki Zid Na Karo and Tasveer teri dil mera behela nah sakegi. The latter made the singer Talat Mahmood famous in India back in 1944 and was instrumental in introducing him to the Calcutta film industry.

A little known fact about Hashmi is that he wrote the famous 'Na tum mere na dil mera', that was sung by Kamla Jharia, among many others. One of the couplets from this ghazal became popular that reads:

'aye bas naadaniyon par apni naaz karte hain,
abhi dekhi kahan hain aapne naadaniyan meri'

'Dil Ko Hai Tum Se Pyar Kyoon, Yeh Na Bata Sakoon Ga Mein' sung by Jag Mohan

and then.....

"Yeh Raatein, Yeh Mausam, Yeh Hansana Hansaana, 
Mujhe Bhool Jana, Inhein Na Bhulana" sung by Pankaj Mullick (a non-film song).

Nigar Awards
The Nigar Awards (Urdu: نگارانعامات, romanized: Negār Inʿāmaʿat, lit. 'Picture Awards') were presented in an annual award show to recognize outstanding achievement in Pakistani cinema. The honors were awarded by Nigar Magazine founded in 1948. The Nigar Awards were Pakistan's version of the Academy Awards. The awards show had been discontinued for some 15 year, and a revival was planned in 2017.

The annual presentation ceremony featured performances by prominent artists. The first Nigar Awards ceremony was held in 1957, to honor the accomplishments of Pakistani cinema for the year 1956. In 2002, following the 46th Annual Nigar Awards, Nigar Magazine announced its discontinuation of the awards due to the collapse of the Pakistani cinema industry.

After a 15-year hiatus, with the revival of Pakistani cinema, the 47th Nigar Awards were announced to be held on 16 March 2017 in Karachi. They were eventually cancelled.
Chadian literature
Chadian literature has suffered greatly from the turmoil which has engulfed the country, economical and political. As with many cultures, literature in Chad began with folk tales and legends. While French is the dominant language, Arabic is also used by some Chadian writers. Chadian literature is more prevalent in France than in Chad itself, due to market demand and the repressive culture present in Chad.

Chad's only literary critic, Ahmat Taboye, wrote Anthologie de la littérature tchadienne in 2003 to spread knowledge of Chadian literature. Though there are not very many well-known Chadian writers, there are a few, including Joseph Brahim Seïd, Baba Moustapha, Antoine Bangui, Koulsy Lamko, Nimrod, and Noël Nétonon Ndjékéry.

Baba Moustapha
Mahamat "Baba" Moustapha (Arabic: بابا مصطفى; 1952–1982) was a Chadian playwright writing in French.  His plays include Le Maitre des Djinns ("La Mastro de la Ĝinoj"), Le Souffle de l'Harmattan ("La Spiro de Harmattano") and Makarie aux Épines.  His posthumously published play Commandant Chaka (1983), a denunciation of military dictatorships, is considered to be his finest work.  He is the namesake of the Association Artistique et Culturelle - Théâtre Vivant Baba Moustapha (ACT-TVBM), a theater company.
Qiñwani
Qiñwani (Aymara qiñwa, qiwña a kind of tree  (polylepis), -ni a suffix, "the one with the qiwña tree", also spelled Khenwani) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia which reaches a height of approximately 4,380 m (14,370 ft). It is situated in the La Paz Department, José Manuel Pando Province, Catacora Municipality. Qiñwani lies at the Peruvian border, west of the Junt'uni Jawira.

José Manuel Pando Province
José Manuel Pando is a province in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. It was founded on April 22, 1986, during the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro. The province was named after José Manuel Pando (1848–1917) who was the president of Bolivia from 1899 till 1904. Its capital is Santiago de Machaca.

The province is situated in the western part of the Bolivian Altiplano, south of Lake Titicaca. To the west it is bordered by Peru, to the southeast by the Pacajes Province and to the northeast by the Ingavi Province.
Loulé
Loulé (locally [loˈlɛ] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the region of Algarve, district of Faro, Portugal. In 2021, the population of the entire municipality was 72,373 inhabitants, in an area of approximately 763.67 square kilometres (294.85 mi2). The municipality has two principal cities: Loulé (the seat of the municipality) and Quarteira.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Rubén González (album)
Rubén González is the first studio album by Cuban pianist Rubén González. It was recorded and released in 1975, on Areito.: 1  The original LP was released with two different designs, one by Hipólito Cabrera featuring González on the cover, and one by Amaury Febles featuring a beach on the cover with the title Piano. It was reissued on CD by EGREM in 1997, titled Indestructible.

The album features González on piano, accompanied by a rhythm section comprising members of Enrique Jorrín's orchestra.

Enrique Jorrín
Enrique Jorrín (December 25, 1926 – December 12, 1987) was a Cuban charanga violinist, composer and music director. He is considered the inventor of the cha-cha-chá, a popular style of ballroom music derived from danzón.
Revealed (Deitrick Haddon album)
Revealed is the fourth studio album (and tenth overall) by American gospel singer-songwriter Deitrick Haddon. It was released on September 2, 2008, on Verity Records and Zomba Gospel.

Revealed reached number 98 on the Billboard 200 and number 2 on the Top Gospel Albums chart. Three singles were released in support of the album: "I'm Alive" (number 19, Top Gospel Songs), "Love Him Like I Do" featuring Ruben Studdard and Mary Mary (number 2, Top Gospel Songs) and "I Need Your Help".

Charity Stafford of AllMusic said that the album "makes plain [Haddon's] musical connection to modern pop music".

Deitrick Haddon
Deitrick Vaughn Haddon (born May 17, 1973) is an American gospel singer, songwriter, pianist, arranger, record producer, and pastor. He is best known for performing progressive gospel and contemporary styles of music. He was one of the cast members in Oxygen's reality television show Preachers of L.A.
1992 SANFL Grand Final
The 1992 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Final saw the Port Adelaide Magpies defeat the Glenelg Tigers by 56 points. The match was played on Saturday 3 October 1992 at Football Park in wet weather in front of a crowd of 42,242.

This was Port Adelaide's 31st SANFL Premiership.  In the 24-year period of 1969–1992, Glenelg had appeared in 14 Grand Finals for only 3 Premiership victories (all over North Adelaide).  Of the 11 Grand Final defeats, 5 were at the hands of Port Adelaide.

Football Park
Football Park (known under naming rights as AAMI Stadium) was an Australian rules football stadium located in the Adelaide suburb of West Lakes.

Football Park opened in 1974 and was built to provide a playing and administrative home for the South Australian National Football League (SANFL), the leading football organisation in South Australia. The league's finals and grand finals were held at the stadium for nearly 40 years. From 1991 to 2013 the stadium was the home ground of the Adelaide and Port Adelaide football clubs, the state's two Australian Football League (AFL) clubs. After the Adelaide Oval was redeveloped, AFL and SANFL matches moved to the newly redeveloped oval and the stadium grandstands were gradually demolished.

Despite the demolition of the stadium grandstands in 2019, the playing surface was retained. The surface is used by the Adelaide Football Club and SANFL, and is also accessible to the public.
Novye Yurkovichi
Novye Yurkovichi (Russian: Новые Юрковичи) is a rural locality (a selo) in Klimovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is the administrative center of  Yurkovichskoye Rural Settlement (Russian: сельское поселение Новоюрковичское). The town was hit by Ukrainian artillery in July 2022 in the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Klimovsky District
Klimovsky District (Russian: Климовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,554 square kilometers (600 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Klimovo. Population: 25,897 (2021 Census); 30,003 (2010 Census); 34,556 (2002 Census); 40,119 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Klimovo accounts for 52.3% of the district's total population.
Domino, Texas
Domino is a town in Cass County, Texas, United States. The population was 93 at the 2010 census, up from 52 at the 2000 census; in 2020, its population was 71. Domino is the only town in Cass County that is wet.

Dry county
In the United States, a dry county is a county whose local government forbids the sale of any kind of alcoholic beverages. Some prohibit off-premises sale, some prohibit on-premises sale, and some prohibit both. The vast majority of counties now permit the sale of alcohol in at least some circumstances, but some dry counties remain, mostly in the Southern United States; the largest number are in Arkansas, where 30 counties are dry.

A number of smaller jurisdictions also exist, such as cities, towns, and townships, which prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages and are known as dry cities, dry towns, or dry townships. Dry jurisdictions can be contrasted with "wet" (in which alcohol sales are allowed and regulated) and "moist" (in which some sales of alcohol are permitted, or a dry county containing wet cities).
Grażyna Staniszewska
Grażyna Ewa Staniszewska (born 2 November 1949 in Biała Krakowska) is a Polish politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Silesian Voivodeship with the Freedom Union, part of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Regional Development.

Staniszewska is a substitute for the Committee on Culture and Education, a member of the Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Cooperation Committee and a substitute for the Delegation to the EU-Bulgaria Joint Parliamentary Committee.

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE; French: Alliance des Démocrates et des Libéraux pour l'Europe, ADLE) was a transnational alliance between two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and the European Democratic Party. ALDE had political groups in the European Parliament, the EU Committee of the Regions, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and the NATO Parliamentary Assembly. There were assorted independents in these groups as well as national-level affiliate parties of the European-level parties.

The pro-European platform of ALDE espoused liberal economics, and supported for European integration and the European single market.

Following the 2019 European Parliament election, Renew Europe replaced the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group from the 2014−2019 Parliament, and ALDE, as a political alliance between the ALDE Party and the EDP, ceased to be mentioned.
Ron Dillon Jr.
Ronald Chaney Dillon Jr. (born 1975) is an American politician and former chairman of the County Council of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Dillon is a Republican; he was elected to the council in November 2002 and re-elected in 2006, serving until his second term ended in December 2010.

Dillon is a CPA. He graduated from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County with a BA in economics. He worked for Arthur Andersen before returning to work for the family company, Dillon Bus Service. He works as the controller of the company overseeing its financial functions.

Dillon was 30 years old when he became county council chairman, making him one of the youngest county council chairmen ever.

Dillon lives in Pasadena. He is married and has two young children.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.