hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ostrów, Kielce County
Ostrów [ˈɔstruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chęciny, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Chęciny and 16 km (10 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Kielce County
Kielce County (Polish: powiat kielecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kielce, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains five towns: Chęciny, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Kielce, Chmielnik, 32 km (20 mi) south of Kielce, Daleszyce, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Kielce, Bodzentyn, 25 km (16 mi) east of Kielce, Morawica, 13,7 km (8,5 mi) south of Kielce.

The county covers an area of 2,247.45 square kilometres (867.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 206,856, out of which the population of Chęciny is 4,444, that of Chmielnik is 3,681, that of Daleszyce is 2,896, that of Bodzentyn is 2,233, that of Morawica is 1,711, and the rural population is 191,891.
Roger Alder
Roger William Alder, FRS is an Emeritus Professor of organic chemistry at the University of Bristol.

His research involves the study of novel compounds with unusual properties, such as proton sponges

and stable carbenes.

Alder received the Royal Society of Chemistry Bader Award for organic chemistry in 1993. He has been a fellow of the Royal Society since 2007.

1,8-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene
1,8-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene is an organic compound with the formula C10H6(NMe2)2 (Me = methyl). It is classified as a peri-naphthalene, i.e. a 1,8-disubstituted derivative of naphthalene. Owing to its unusual structure, it exhibits exceptional basicity. It is often referred by the trade name Proton Sponge, a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich.
Rothschild's lobe-billed bird-of-paradise
Rothschild's lobe-billed bird-of-paradise (Loborhamphus nobilis), also known as the noble lobe-bill, is one of six enigmatic species of bird-of-paradise collected in Papua New Guinea for zoologist Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild.  It is only known from the holotype.

In 1930, it, along with the five other collected species, was considered by Erwin Stresemann to be a hybrid between the long-tailed paradigalla and the superb bird-of-paradise, though doubts have been raised about the parentage. However, a DNA analysis confirmed the hybrid identity.

Erwin Stresemann
Erwin Friedrich Theodor Stresemann (22 November 1889, in Dresden – 20 November 1972, in East Berlin) was a German naturalist and ornithologist. Stresemann was an ornithologist of extensive breadth who compiled one of the first and most comprehensive accounts of avian biology of its time as part of the Handbuch der Zoologie (Handbook of Zoology). In the process of his studies on birds, he also produced one of the most extensive historical accounts on the development of the science of ornithology. He influenced numerous ornithologists around him and oversaw the development of ornithology in Germany as editor of the Journal für Ornithologie. He also took an interest in poetry, philosophy and linguistics. He published a monograph on the Paulohi language based on studies made during his ornithological expedition to the Indonesian island.
Jim Al-Khalili
Jameel Sadik Al-Khalili (Arabic: جميل صادق الخليلي; born 20 September 1962) is an Iraqi-British theoretical physicist and science populariser. He is professor of theoretical physics and chair in the public engagement in science at the University of Surrey. He is a regular broadcaster and presenter of science programmes on BBC radio and television, and a frequent commentator about science in other British media.

In 2014 Al-Khalili was named a RISE (Recognising Inspirational Scientists and Engineers) leader by the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). He was President of Humanists UK between January 2013 and January 2016.

Royal Academy of Engineering
The Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) is the United Kingdom's national academy of engineering.

The Academy was founded in June 1976 as the Fellowship of Engineering with support from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who became the first senior fellow and remained so until his death. The Fellowship was incorporated and granted a royal charter on 17 May 1983 and became the Royal Academy of Engineering on 16 March 1992. It is governed according to the charter and associated statutes and regulations (as amended from time to time). In June 2024 His Majesty the King became Patron of the Academy.
Pokrovske, Synelnykove Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Pokrovske (Ukrainian: Покро́вське) is a rural settlement in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, east-central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Pokrovske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement has population around 9,489 (2022 estimate).

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
Ootann Road
Ootann Road is a continuous 90.5 kilometres (56.2 mi) road route in the Mareeba and Tablelands local government areas of Queensland, Australia. It is  a north-south link between the Burke Developmental Road and the Kennedy Highway, servicing a number of cattle grazing and production areas in northern Queensland. It is also part of the shortest route from the Chillagoe area to Hughenden.

Tablelands Region
The Tablelands Region is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Australia inland from the city of Cairns. Established in 2008, it was preceded by four previous local government areas which dated back more than a century. On 1 January 2014, one of those local government areas, the Shire of Mareeba, was re-established independent of the Tablelands Region.

It has an estimated operating budget of A$62.2 million.

In the 2021 census, the Tablelands Region had a population of 26,244 people.
Jules Doinel
Jules-Benoît Stanislas Doinel du Val-Michel (8 December 1842 in Moulins, Allier – 16 or 17 March 1903), also known simply as Jules Doinel or Tau Valentin II was an archivist and the founder of the first Gnostic church in modern times who claims, that he was consecrated into a new episcopal lineage in a dream by the "Eon Jesus".

Moulins, Allier
Moulins (French pronunciation: [mulɛ̃] ⓘ, Molins in Bourbonnais oïl dialect) is a commune in central France, capital of the Allier department. It is located on the river Allier.

Among its many tourist attractions are the Maison Mantin, the Anne de Beaujeu Museum, and The National Center of Costume and Scenography.
Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Cambridge Scholars Publishing (CSP) is an academic book publisher based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It is not affiliated with the University of Cambridge or Cambridge University Press.

It began as the hobby project of a Cambridge alumnus publishing out-of-print Victorian novels. Since then, it has expanded into health science, life science, physical science, and social science. In 2018 it published 729 books. It is known for its aggressive solicitation of authors via email, and uses print on demand technology to publish a large number of titles every year under a low margin business model, with limited editorial oversight of published works. Although Cambridge Scholars does not charge its authors, it has been listed as a predatory publisher by Cabells' Predatory Reports.

Business model
A business model describes how a business organization creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, cultural or other contexts. The model describes the specific way in which the business conducts itself, spends, and earns money in a way that generates profit. The process of business model construction and modification is also called business model innovation and forms a part of business strategy.

In theory and practice, the term business model is used for a broad range of informal and formal descriptions to represent core aspects of an organization or business, including purpose, business process, target customers, offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, profit structures, sourcing, trading practices, and operational processes and policies including culture.
Stephen Farrow
Stephen Farrow (1964/1965 – 21 August 2023) was an English vagrant who served a whole-life tariff for two murders committed in early 2012. Farrow, whom psychiatrists diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, had an obsessive hatred of Christianity, which he attributed to sexual abuse from a priest. He stabbed to death 77-year-old retired teacher Betty Yates in Bewdley, Worcestershire, and the Reverend John Suddards (aged 59) in Thornbury, Gloucestershire. He also confessed to the unsubstantiated murder of a backpacker in Devon in 1988.

Vagrancy
Vagrancy is the condition of wandering homelessness without regular employment or income. Vagrants usually live in poverty and support themselves by travelling while engaging in begging,  scavenging, or petty theft. In Western countries, vagrancy was historically a crime punishable with forced labor, military service, imprisonment, or confinement to dedicated labor houses.

Both vagrant and vagabond ultimately derive from the Latin word  vagari, meaning "to wander". The term vagabond and its archaic equivalent vagabone come from Latin vagabundus ("strolling about"). In Middle English, vagabond originally denoted a person without a home or employment.
Pavilhão Acácias Rubras
The Pavilhão Acácias Rubras is an Angolan indoor sporting arena located in Benguela.  The arena, built on the occasion of the 2007 Afrobasket along with the Pavilhão Nossa Senhora do Monte in Lubango, Pavilhão Serra Van-Dúnem in Huambo and the Pavilhão do Tafe in Cabinda, has a 2,100-seat capacity.

AfroBasket 2007
AfroBasket 2007 was the 24th FIBA Africa Championship, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body of the African zone. The tournament was hosted by Angola, in the cities of Benguela, Cabinda, Huambo and Lubango.

Angola won its fifth consecutive African championship and ninth overall by beating Cameroon 86-72 in the championship game. Cape Verde won the bronze medal game over Egypt. Angola qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, whereas Cameroon and Cape Verde qualified for the 2008 Olympic qualifying tournament. Angola's Joaquim Gomes was awarded as the tournament's Most Valuable Player.
Poli Huduga
Poli Huduga (transl. Rogue boy) is a 1989 Kannada-language action drama film written by Paruchuri Brothers and directed by S. S. Ravichandra. The film cast includes V. Ravichandran, Karishma, Tara and Devaraj, while many other prominent actors featured in supporting roles. The soundtrack and score composition was by Hamsalekha. The film was a remake of Telugu film Kaliyuga Pandavulu.

Paruchuri brothers
Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao (born 21 June 1944) and Paruchuri Gopala Krishna (born 25 September 1947), collectively referred to as the Paruchuri Brothers, are a screenwriting duo whose work is predominant as story writers, dialogue writers, actors, directors, poets, playwrights, and novelists in the Indian Telugu film industry.

They have written the stories and dialogues for over 358 films; to name a few E Charithra Ye Siratho, Naa Desam, Khaidi, Eenadu, Mundadugu, Bobbili Brahmanna, Prajaswamyam, Karthavyam, Varsham, Sarpayagam, Major Chandrakanth Samarasimha Reddy, Narasimha Naidu, Okkadu, Indra, Tagore, Manasantha Nuvve, Nee Sneham, Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana, Shankardada MBBS, Drushyam, Khaidi No. 150, Rudrama Devi and Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy.
Herschel, South Africa
Herschel is a settlement in Joe Gqabi District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.

The village is situated 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Lady Grey, due east of Aliwal North. Founded in 1879, it was named after the astronomer Sir John Herschel who worked in the Cape Colony from 1834 to 1838, making observations of Halley's Comet amongst his other astronomical work.

Aliwal North
Maletswai (previously Aliwal North) is a town in central South Africa on the banks of the Orange River, Eastern Cape Province. It is a medium-sized commercial centre in the northernmost part of the Eastern Cape. The Dutch Reformed Church was built in 1855.
Carex arkansana
Carex arkansana is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to central parts of the United States.

The sedge has no obvious rhizomes. It has 5 to 60 cm (2.0 to 23.6 in) long culms that are 1.4 to 2 mm (0.055 to 0.079 in) wide at the base thinning to 0.7 to 0.9 mm (0.028 to 0.035 in) at long projections that are wider than they are long. The leaf blade is usually 1 to 1.25 mm (0.039 to 0.049 in) in width. The  inflorescences are composed of three to six spikes that are 1.5 to 4 cm (0.59 to 1.57 in) long and 7 to 12 mm (0.28 to 0.47 in) wide.

The species was first described by the botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1896 as a part of the Botanical Gazette. It has one synonym; Carex rosea var. arkansana also described by Bailey.

The plant grows in temperate biomes in the central United States from Illinois in the north to Texas in the south.

Liberty Hyde Bailey
Liberty Hyde Bailey (March 15, 1858 – December 25, 1954) was an American horticulturist and advocate for rural reform in the United States.  He was cofounder of the American Society for Horticultural Science.: 10–15   During the Progressive Era, Bailey was instrumental in establishing the Cooperative Extension System, 4-H youth development programs, the nature study movement, parcel post, and rural electrification.:44  In 1903, Bailey founded the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University and served as its first dean until 1913.  Bailey’s work was influential in defining rural sociology as a distinct and valuable field of study in the United States.
Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna
Sangolli Rayanna (1798–1831), also known as Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna, was an Indian military leader and revolutionary against colonial expansion.

Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna may also refer:

Kranthiveera Sangolli Rayanna (1967 film), a biographical film about him

Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna (2012 film), a biographical film about him

Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna Railway Station, Bangalore, India

Krantivira Sangolli Rayanna Railway Station metro station, Bangalore, India

Bengaluru City railway station
Bengaluru City Railway Station, officially Krantivira Sangolli Rayanna Bengaluru Station pronunciationⓘ, also known as Bangalore City Railway Station, KSR Bengaluru Station, or Majestic Railway station (station code: SBC), is the main railway station of Bengaluru, serving the city of Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It is the busiest railway station in the South Western Railway zone of Indian Railways, and is the only NSG1 category railway station in the South Western zone.

It is located across the Kempegowda Bus Station. The station has 10 platforms and three entrances.
David K. Wyatt
David Kent Wyatt (September 21, 1937 – November 14, 2006) was an American historian and author who studied Thailand. He taught at Cornell University from 1969 to 2002, and also served as Chair of the Cornell University Department of History and as the president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1993. His book Thailand: A Short History has become a standard text on Thai history in the English language.

Cornell University Department of History
The Cornell University Department of History is an academic department in the College of Arts and Sciences at Cornell University that focuses on the study of history.  Founded in 1868, it is one of Cornell's original departments and has been a center for the development of professional historical research institutions in the United States, including the American Historical Association and the American Historical Review. It remains a highly-ranked program in the field and its alumni and faculty have won Nobel and Pulitzer Prizes, among other distinctions. In addition, three of Cornell's presidents have served among its ranks.
Valence Mendis
Valence Mendis, formally Warnakulasurya Wadumestrige Devasritha Valence Mendis, (born 21 May 1958) is a Sri Lankan prelate of the Catholic Church who has been the Bishop of Chilaw since 2006. He has been named bishop of Kandy, where he had spent his first years as a parish priest before joining the staff of the national seminary in Ampitiya and serving as its rector from 2001 to 2005.

Ampitiya
Ampitiya (Sinhala: අම්පිටිය) is a suburb of the city of Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is located within the country's Central Province.

Ampitiya is approximately 3 miles from the Kandy city centre.

Ampitiya is administratively divided into the two sections of Ampitiya north and Ampitiya South.
Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002
The Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002 (NSW) is an Act of the Parliament of New South Wales which governs the exercise of specific police powers in New South Wales. It

The Act contains nineteen parts which either reinforce the common law, relocate existing sections from other Acts or establish new powers and safeguards. Since its implementation, the Act has been subject to many amendments, but the majority of critical legal discussion has concerned those that occurred in 2009, 2013 and 2014. In the media, there has been controversy surrounding the Act's provisions relating to the power of police to conduct searches, as well as what constitutes reasonable use of force.

Andrew Tink
Andrew Arnold Tink AM (born 13 July 1953) is a former Australian politician, having served as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Liberal Party from 1988 to 2007. He was in the shadow cabinet from 1995 until March 2006. He has written two political biographies, a third book on the events and political consequences of a fatal plane crash, a fourth on Australian history, culture and society in the 20th century and a fifth on the involvement of   Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station in the first Moon landing. Since leaving politics, Tink has been appointed a visiting fellow and adjunct professor at Macquarie University, as a trustee of the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales (Sydney Living Museums) and president of the Library Council of New South Wales. He is an honorary Doctor of Letters honoris causa from Macquarie University.
2009 African Handball Champions League
The 2009 African Handball Champions League was the 31st edition, organized by the African Handball Confederation, under the auspices of the International Handball Federation, the handball sport governing body. The tournament was held from October 21–30 at the Palais des Sports in Yaoundé, Cameroon, contested by 11 teams and won by Groupement Sportif des Pétroliers of Algeria.

MC Alger (handball)
Mouloudia Club d'Alger (Arabic: نادي مولودية الجزائر), referred to as MC Alger or MCA for short, is an Algerian handball team that was founded on 1964, it is also considered as the most titled handball club in Africa(90 titles), as a division of MC Alger. They play their home games in Hacène Harcha Arena, which has a capacity of 8,000 people.
Cleland railway station
Cleland railway station is a railway station serving the village of Cleland, near Motherwell in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. Built on the Cleland and Midcalder Line it was originally named 'Omoa', after the nearby ironworks, until Cleland (Old) on the Wishaw and Coltness Railway closed in 1930.

It is located on the Shotts Line, 15+3⁄4 miles (25.3 km) east of Glasgow Central towards Edinburgh Waverley via Shotts. The station has two platforms, connected by a stairway footbridge, and CCTV. It is managed by ScotRail.

Wishaw and Coltness Railway
The Wishaw and Coltness Railway was an early Scottish mineral railway. It ran for approximately 11 miles (17.7 km) from Chapel Colliery, at Newmains in North Lanarkshire connecting to the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway near Whifflet, giving a means of transport for minerals around Newmains to market in Glasgow and Edinburgh.

Shortage of capital made construction slow, and the line was opened in stages from 1833, opening fully on 9 March 1844.

It was built to the track gauge of 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm), commonly used in Scotland for coal railways. It had several branches serving pits and ironworks.

In 1849 it became part of the Caledonian Railway and sections of the original network form part of the modern West Coast Main Line railway.
Tumpong
The tumpong (also inci among the Maranao) is a type of Philippine bamboo flute used by the Maguindanaon, half the size of the largest bamboo flute, the palendag. A lip-valley flute like the palendag, the tumpong makes a sound when players blow through a bamboo reed placed on top of the instrument and the air stream produced is passed over an airhole atop the instrument. This masculine instrument is usually played during family gatherings in the evening and is the most common flute played by the Maguindanaon.

Maranao people
The Maranao people (Maranao: Bangsa Mëranaw, Jawi: ماراناو‎; Filipino: mga Maranaw), also spelled Meranaw, Maranaw, and Mëranaw, is a predominantly Muslim Filipino and Austronesian ethnic group native to the region around Lanao Lake in the island of Mindanao. They are known for their artwork, weaving, wood, plastic and metal crafts and epic literature, the Darangen. They are ethnically and culturally closely related to the Iranun people and Maguindanao people, all three groups being denoted speaking Danao languages and giving name to the island of Mindanao. They are grouped with other Moro people due to their shared religion.
Lutheran Church of Budavár
Lutheran Church of Budavár is the oldest Lutheran church of Buda. It was built in 1895 at  Vienna Gate Square  in  the 1st District of Budapest. The first church for the Lutherans of Buda was built by Maria Dorothea, third wife of Palatine Joseph, in 1846, at hu:Dísz tér. The site was taken over by the Ministry of Defence, so a new church was built near Vienna Gate.

Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg
Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg (Maria Dorothea Luise Wilhelmine Caroline; 1 November 1797 in Carlsruhe (now Pokój), Silesia – 30 March 1855 in Pest, Hungary) was the daughter of Duke Louis of Württemberg and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg.
Trail Creek (Alaska)
Trail Creek also known as Trail River is a stream in the Chugach Mountains near Moose Pass, Alaska. It flows through the Trail Lakes and ends at Kenai Lake. There is a USFS campground near where the river empties into Kenai Lake, the river can be fished in the late summer for various species of trout.

Trail Lakes
The Trail Lakes are two lakes on the lower Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. The lakes are near the town of Moose Pass and adjacent to the Seward Highway. They are the home of a large salmon hatchery owned by the state of Alaska and operated by the Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association. The fish hatched at this facility are released into streams and lakes at various points on the peninsula, and are also the source of the salmon runs at the "fishing hole" on the Homer Spit. The hatchery was at the center of a prolonged legal battle between the Wilderness Society and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The society claimed that the hatchery was conducting commercial activity in a wilderness area, and such activity is illegal under the Wilderness Act.