hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kayden's Law
Kayden's Law, formally known as the Keeping Children Safe from Family Violence Act, is a United States federal law enacted in March 2022 as part of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) reauthorization. The legislation is named in memory of seven-year-old Kayden Mancuso of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, who was fatally beaten by her father during unsupervised custody time, granted by a court over her mother's objections despite evidence of his violent history.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.
WCST
WCST can refer to:

WCST (AM), a radio station (1010 AM) located in Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, United States

WCST-FM, a radio station (98.7 FM) located in Pocatalico, West Virginia, United States

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, a neuropsychological test

WXDC, a radio station (92.9 FM) in Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, United States, which held the call sign WCST-FM from 1965 to 1996

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is a neuropsychological test of set-shifting, which is the capability to show flexibility when exposed to changes in reinforcement. The WCST was written by David A. Grant and Esta A. Berg. The Professional Manual for the WCST was written by Robert K. Heaton, Gordon J. Chelune, Jack L. Talley, Gary G. Kay, and Glenn Curtiss.
Waulkmill Bay
Waulkmill Bay is a tidal bay on the southwest of Mainland Orkney, Scotland. This bay and its immediately surrounding area have been identified as a Site of Special Scientific Interest by Scottish Natural Heritage.

Immediately to the east of Waulkmill Bay is the RSPB site of Hobbister Preserve. The freshwater feed from the Loch of Kirbister and the presence of reformative sand bars make the sandy beach area at the north end of Waulkmill Bay a unique habitat for birds. The salt marsh area associated with Waulkmill Bay is a particularly noted avian habitat.

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is a charitable organisation registered in England and Wales and in Scotland. It was founded in 1889. It works to promote conservation and protection of birds and the wider environment through public awareness campaigns, petitions and through the operation of nature reserves throughout the United Kingdom.

In 2023/24 the RSPB had revenue of £169 million, 2,517 employees, 13,500 volunteers and 1.1 million members (including 195,000 youth members), making it one of the world's largest wildlife conservation organisations. The RSPB has many local groups and maintains 222 nature reserves.
George Perry (British politician)
George Henry Perry (24 August 1920 – June 1998) was a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.

Perry unsuccessfully contested Harborough at the 1964 general election.

He was Member of Parliament for the marginal Nottingham South constituency from 1966 until his defeat at the 1970 general election by the Conservative Party candidate Norman Fowler, who was later a cabinet minister.

1964 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday 15 October 1964. It resulted in the Conservatives, led by Prime Minister Alec Douglas-Home, narrowly losing to the Labour Party, led by Harold Wilson; Labour secured a parliamentary majority of four seats and ended its thirteen years in opposition since the 1951 election. At age 47, Wilson became the youngest Prime Minister since Lord Rosebery in 1894.
Azure gallinule
The azure gallinule (Porphyrio flavirostris) is a species of bird in subfamily Rallinae of family Rallidae, the rails, gallinules, and coots. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.

Rail (bird)
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting. The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known.
2010 African Women's Handball Cup Winners' Cup
The 2010 African Women's Handball Cup Winners' Cup was the 26th edition, organized by the African Handball Confederation, under the auspices of the International Handball Federation, the handball sport governing body. The tournament was held from April 7–17, 2010, at the Palais des Sports de Ouagadougou in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, contested by 8 teams and won by Atlético Petróleos de Luanda of Angola.

Atlético Petróleos de Luanda (handball)
Atlético Petróleos de Luanda is an Angolan multisports club based in Luanda. The club's handball teams (men and women) compete at the local level, at the Luanda Provincial Handball Championship and at the Men's and Women's leagues as well as at continental level, at the annual Champions League, Cup Winner's Cup and Super Cup competitions. Undoubtedly, the women's handball team of Petro Atlético has been the most successful team in Africa for many years.
Anna Huntington Stanley
Anna Huntington Stanley (April 20, 1864 – February 25, 1907) was an American Impressionist artist.

Stanley's work can be found in numerous institutional collections, including The Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Telfair Museum of Art, the Taft Museum of Art, the Grand Rapids Art Museum, and exhibited in the Singer Museum.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Elena Xausa
Elena Xausa (11 July 1984 - 27 November 2022) was an Italian illustrator born in Verona, Italy. She created illustrations for numerous publications including The New Yorker, The New York Times, New York, Financial Times, The Washington Post, Die Zeit, Le Monde, Monocle, and Rolling Stone.

Xausa grew up in Marostica, Italy, and spent time in Berlin, Milan and New York before setting back in Marostica, where she died at her home on 27 November 2022 from appendiceal cancer at age 38.

Xausa held her first solo exhibit, "Coming Home,"  in 2021, a year before her death, at the Civic Museum of Bassano del Grappa.

Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa (Venetian: Basan or Bassan, pronounced [baˈsaŋ]) is a city and comune, in the Vicenza province, in the region of Veneto, in northern Italy. It bounds the communes of Cassola, Marostica, Solagna, Pove del Grappa, Romano d'Ezzelino, Valbrenta, Lusiana Conco, Rosà, Cartigliano and Nove. Some neighbourhoods of these communes have become in practice a part of the urban area of Bassano, so that the population of the whole conurbation totals around 70,000 people.

The 16th-century painter Jacopo Bassano was born, worked, and died in Bassano, and took the town name as his own surname.
Pretomanid
Pretomanid is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis affecting the lungs. It is generally used together with bedaquiline and linezolid. It is taken by mouth.

The most common side effects include nerve damage, acne, vomiting, headache, low blood sugar, diarrhea, and liver inflammation. It is in the nitroimidazole class of medications.

Pretomanid was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2019, and in the European Union in July 2020. Pretomanid was developed by TB Alliance. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

First-in-class medication
A first-in-class medication is a prototype drug that uses a "new and unique mechanism of action" to treat a particular medical condition. While the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research tracks first-in-class medications and reports on them annually, first-in-class is not considered a regulatory category. Although many first-in-class medications qualify as breakthrough therapies, Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapies and/or orphan drugs, first-in-class status itself has no regulatory effect.
National Highway 427 (India)
National Highway 427 (NH 427) is an east–west national highway in India that starts from Howly and terminates in Jalukbari. The highway passes through the north bank districts of Western Assam. NH-427 was laid and is maintained by Central Public Works Department (CPWD).

Lower Assam division
Lower Assam division is one of the 5 administrative divisions of Assam in India. It was formed in 1874, consisting of the undivided Kamrup district of Western Assam, undivided Darrang and Nagaon districts of Central Assam and Khasi & Jaintia hills of Meghalaya, created for revenue purposes.
Cheltenham Township Police Department
The Cheltenham Township Police Department is a police department that operates under the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and Montgomery County. It patrols the 9.0 square mile township of Cheltenham, which comprises Glenside, Elkins Park, Wyncote, La Mott, Melrose Park, Laverock and Cheltenham Village. Cheltenham Police operates as the fourth largest police force in Montgomery County (behind Lower Merion, Abington, and Upper Merion), and is the third largest municipality, serving over 38,000 residents.  The Township is the 28th largest in Pennsylvania by population, but has the sixth highest overall number of UCR Part One Crimes and the seventh highest per capita UCR Part One Crimes in Pennsylvania  per the 2024 FBI UCR Crime Report (Table 8). The Department responded to almost 35,000 calls in 2024.

Laverock, Pennsylvania
Laverock is a small unincorporated community that is located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. Part of it is situated in Cheltenham Township and part is located in Springfield Township.

Laverock shares its Zip Code with Glenside, Pennsylvania and is a closed-in suburb of Philadelphia.
Begin (surname)
Begin or Bégin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benny Begin (born 1943), Israeli politician

Catherine Bégin (1939–2013), Canadian actress

Charles Auguste Frédéric Bégin (1835–1901), French general and Acting Governor of Cochinchina

Floyd Lawrence Begin (1902–1977), American Roman Catholic bishop

Jean Bégin (1944–1991), Canadian ice hockey coach

Johanne Bégin (born 1971), Canadian water polo player

Joseph-Damase Bégin (1900–1977), Canadian politician

Louis-Nazaire Bégin (1840–1925), Canadian Roman Catholic Church prelate

Menachem Begin (1913–1992), Israeli prime minister

Monique Bégin (1936–2023), Canadian politician

Paul Bégin (born 1943), Canadian politician

René Bégin (1912–1980), Canadian politician

Romeo Bégin (1895–1972), Canadian politician

Steve Bégin (born 1978), Canadian ice hockey player

Floyd Lawrence Begin
Floyd Lawrence Begin (February 5, 1902 – April 26, 1977) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Oakland, California from 1962 until his death in 1977. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland, Ohio from 1947 to 1962.
Richard Walpole
Richard Walpole (1728–1798) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1784.

Walpole was born on 5 December 1728, the son of Horatio Walpole of Wolterton Hall and his wife Mary Magdalen Lombard. He was captain of an East Indiaman until 1758. He married Margaret Vanneck, daughter of Sir Joshua Vanneck, 1st Baronet, on 22 November 1757. He then became a banker and joined the London firm of Cliff, Walpole and Clarke. In 1763 he acted as agent for Clive and the East India Company opposition in creating voting qualifications.

In 1763 Walpole's brother Thomas, suggested him to Newcastle as a candidate for a vacancy at Lewes but he did not stand. In 1768 he was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Great Yarmouth on his family interest. He was re-elected for Great Yarmouth after a contest in 1774 and was elected again in 1780. He did not stand in 1784.

Walpole died on 18 August 1798.

1784 British general election
The 1784 British general election resulted in William Pitt the Younger securing an overall majority of about 120 in the House of Commons of Great Britain, having previously had to survive in a House which was dominated by his opponents.
Werner Andermatt
Werner Andermatt (28 July 1916 – 29 May 2013) was a Swiss painter.

Andermatt was born in July 1916 in Zug. From 1935 to 1938, he studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Lucerne (Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts), and then trained as a teacher of drawing and graphic arts. He studied in Paris at (Académie de la Grande Chaumière), and Zurich (Academy Wabel).
From 1938 to 1948, he worked as a graphic artist and book designer. In 1948, he started working as a teacher of figure drawing and graphic arts at the Kunstgewerbeschule Luzern, and from 1950 to 1981, he served as its director. He was also a member of the GSMBA (Society of Swiss Painters, Sculptors and Architects), of Central Switzerland.

Andermatt lived and worked in Lucerne. He was married for 40 years, and had four sons and one daughter. He died in May 2013 at the age of 96.

Académie de la Grande Chaumière
The Académie de la Grande Chaumière (French pronunciation: [akademi də la ɡʁɑ̃d ʃomjɛʁ]) is an art school in the Montparnasse district of Paris, France. The impeding closure of the school in July 2025 received major criticsm from art heritage groups.

The school over the years had trained major figures of the School of Paris as well as being staffed by well-known artists.
Schmiedefeld (Lichtetal)
Schmiedefeld (German pronunciation: [ˈʃmiːdəfɛlt]) is a village and (with the municipal section Taubenbach) a former municipality in the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany close to the Thuringian Rennsteig. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Saalfeld. Before, it belonged to the municipal association Lichtetal am Rennsteig, which consisted of the municipalities Lichte, Piesau, Reichmannsdorf, and Schmiedefeld.

Municipal association
A municipal association, also called municipal league or local government association, is an organization made of municipal governments. They perform advocacy to higher-level governments. They also provide various public services more cheaply than it would take for each city or town to provide the services themselves.
Ha people
The Ha, also called Abaha (Waha in Swahili), are a Bantu ethnic group found in Kigoma Region in northwestern Tanzania bordering Lake Tanganyika. In 2001, the Ha population was estimated to number between 1 and 1.5 million, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in ethnically diverse Tanzania.

Their language is a Bantu language, and is called the Ha language, also called Kiha, Ikiha or Giha. It is closely related to the Kirundi and Kinyarwanda spoken in neighbouring Burundi and Rwanda, and belongs to the Niger-Congo family of languages.

Kirundi
Kirundi (/kɪˈrʊndi, -ˈrʌn-/), also known as Rundi, is a Bantu language and the national language of Burundi. It is mutually intelligible with Kinyarwanda, the national language of Rwanda, and the two form parts of the Rwanda-Rundi dialect continuum spoken in Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and Kenya.

Kirundi is natively spoken by the Hutu (including the Bakiga), Tutsi, Twa, and the Hima people; other related ethnicities have also adopted Kirundi as their mother tongue. Neighbouring dialects of Kirundi are mutually intelligible with Ha, a language spoken in western Tanzania.

Kirundi is one of the languages where Meeussen's rule, a rule describing a certain pattern of tonal change in Bantu languages, is active.

In 2020, the Rundi Academy was established to help standardize and promote Kirundi.
SS Runic
Several ships have borne the name SS Runic:

SS Runic was a livestock carrier launched in 1889 at Harland & Wolff. She was sold to the West India & Pacific SS Company in 1895 and renamed Tampican.  Sold again in 1912, she was renamed SS Imo and was involved in the 1917 Halifax Explosion. She was renamed Guvernøren in 1918 and was wrecked in 1921.

SS Runic (1900) was a passenger liner launched in 1900 at Harland & Wolff for the White Star Line. She was sold to Christian Salvesen in 1930, converted to a whale factory ship and renamed New Sevilla. She was torpedoed and sunk in 1940.

SS Runic (1949) was a refrigerated cargo ship launched at Harland & Wolff in 1949 for Shaw, Savill & Albion Line, she was wrecked in 1961 on Middleton Reef on a voyage from Brisbane, Australia to New Zealand in 1961 after going through the tail end of a cyclone.

Shaw, Savill & Albion Line
Shaw, Savill & Albion Line was the shipping line of P Henderson & Company, a British shipping management that operated trans-British, Australian and New Zealand cargo and passenger routes when P Henderson's Albion Line merged with Shaw Savill Line in 1882, lasting till 1970 when Elder Dempster Lines chartered P Henderson fleets in 1947 till 1965 when Ocean Group plc acquired Elder, Dempster, till the Suez Crisis when the last 3 Henderson ships were transferred to Elder, Dempster and the Henderson label phased out.
Cameron connector
The Cameron connector is a section of track built in 1995–1996 near Cameron, Illinois, that connects the former Burlington Northern Railroad and the former Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway tracks, both which are now part of the BNSF Railway.

Burlington Northern Railroad
The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was an American–based class 1 railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads. Burlington Northern operated between March 2, 1970 and December 31, 1996.

Its historical lineage begins in the earliest days of railroading with the chartering in 1848 of the Chicago and Aurora Railroad, a direct ancestor line of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, which lends Burlington, from Burlington, Iowa, to the names of various merger-produced successors.

Burlington Northern acquired the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996, to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (later renamed BNSF Railway), which was owned by the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. That corporation was purchased in 2009 by Berkshire Hathaway, which is controlled by investor Warren Buffett.
Issuing bank
An issuing bank is a bank that offers card association branded payment cards directly to consumers, such as credit cards, debit cards, contactless devices such as key fobs as well as prepaid cards. The name is derived from the practice of issuing cards to a consumer.

Consumer
A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, or use purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, who is not directly related to entrepreneurial or business activities.  The term most commonly refers to a person who purchases goods and services for personal use.
Your Letter (manhwa)
Your Letter (Korean: 연의 편지; RR: Yeonui pyeonji) is a South Korean manhwa released as a webtoon written and illustrated by Hyeon A Cho. It was serialized via Naver Corporation's webtoon platform, Naver Webtoon, from August to October 2018, with the individual chapters collected and published the first volume. The manhwa has been published in English by Line Webtoon. A South Korean animated film adaptation produced by Studio N and Studio Lico premiered in October 2025.

Manhwa
Manhwa (Korean: 만화; Hanja: 漫畵; Korean pronunciation: [manβʷa]) is the general Korean term for comics and print cartoons. Outside Korea, the term usually refers to Korean comics.

Modern Manhwa has extended its reach to many other countries. These comics have branched outside of Korea by access to Webtoons and have created an impact that has resulted in some movie, drama and television show adaptations.
John F. N. Wilkinson
John Francis Nicholas Wilkinson (c. 1832 – October 5, 1912) was a librarian at the Library of Congress. Wilkinson was an African-American who worked his way up from a custodial position to working as an assistant law librarian at the Law Library of Congress. He is noted as the Library of Congress's longest serving employee, with over 55 years of service.

Law Library of Congress
The Law Library of Congress is the law library of the United States Congress. The Law Library of Congress holds the single most comprehensive and authoritative collection of domestic, foreign, and international legal materials in the world.  Established in 1832, its collections are currently housed in the James Madison Memorial Building of the Library of Congress. Law staff rely on and utilize 2.9 million volumes of primary legal sources, 102.18 million microforms, 99,000 reels of microfilm, 3.18 million pieces of microfiche, and 15,600 tangible electronic resources (CD-ROMs and other disks), making it the largest law library in the world.
Ectosteorhachis
Ectosteorhachis is an extinct genus of freshwater megalichthyid tetrapodomorphs that inhabited what is now North America during the Permian period (Cisuralian epoch, about 299 to 272 million years ago). It is the only known member of the subfamily Ectosteorhachinae. Fossil remains are known from the United States.

It contains a single species, E. nitidus from the Asselian/Sakmarian to Kungurian of Oklahoma and Utah (Hennesey and Cutler Formations). A second species, E. ciceronius Cope, 1883 from the Garber Formation of Oklahoma has no type specimen and is thus invalid. Remains tentatively assigned to Ectosteorhachis are known from the Washington Formation of Ohio.

Sakmarian
In the geologic timescale, the Sakmarian is an age or stage of the Permian period. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Sakmarian lasted between 293.52 and 290.1 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Asselian and followed by the Artinskian.