hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ruby character
Ruby characters or rubi characters (Japanese: ルビ; rōmaji: rubi; Korean: 루비; romaja: rubi) are small, annotative glosses that are usually placed above or to the right of logographic characters of languages in the East Asian cultural sphere, such as Chinese hanzi, Japanese kanji, and Korean hanja, to show the logographs' pronunciation; these were formerly also used for Vietnamese chữ Hán and chữ Nôm, and may still occasionally be seen in that context when reading archaic texts. Typically called just ruby or rubi, such annotations are most commonly used as pronunciation guides for characters that are likely to be unfamiliar to the reader.

Logogram
In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek logos 'word', and gramma 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme. Chinese characters as used in Chinese as well as other languages are logograms, as are Egyptian hieroglyphs and characters in cuneiform script. A writing system that primarily uses logograms is called a logography. Non-logographic writing systems, such as alphabets and syllabaries, are phonemic: their individual symbols represent sounds directly and lack any inherent meaning. However, all known logographies have some phonetic component, generally based on the rebus principle, and the addition of a phonetic component to pure ideographs is considered to be a key innovation in enabling the writing system to adequately encode human language.
Qadsiya (Kuwait)
Qadsiya (Arabic: القادسية) is an area in Capital Governorate in Kuwait City, Kuwait. It was named after Al-Qadisiyyah in Iraq, the site of the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah. According to the 2011 census, it has a population of 14,389.

Al-Qadisiyyah (historical city)
31°45′N 44°08′E﻿ / ﻿31.750°N 44.133°E﻿ / 31.750; 44.133

Al-Qādisiyyah (Arabic: القادسية) is a historical city in southern Mesopotamia, southwest of al-Hillah and al-Kūfah in Iraq. It is most famous as the site of the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in c. 636, in which an Arab Muslim army defeated a larger Sasanian army.
2005 Devon County Council election
The 2005 Devon County Council election was an election to Devon County Council which took place on 5 May 2005 as part of the 2005 United Kingdom local elections. 62 councillors were elected from various electoral divisions, which returned either one or two county councillors each by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office. The electoral divisions had been redrawn since the last election in 2001. No elections were held in Plymouth and Torbay, which are unitary authorities outside the area covered by the County Council.

All locally registered electors (British, Irish, Commonwealth and European Union citizens) who were aged 18 or over on election day were entitled to vote in the local elections.

2005 United Kingdom local elections
The 2005 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 5 May 2005, with various councils and local government seats being contested in England and Northern Ireland, and a local referendum taking place on the Isle of Wight on the issue of a directly elected mayor. These local elections were held in conjunction with the 2005 general election across the entire United Kingdom.

Despite losing the general election held on the same day, the Conservatives made some gains at Labour's expense, providing some comfort to the party. Conservative leader Michael Howard resigned soon afterwards and was succeeded by David Cameron, who had a decent platform to build on in his challenge to lead the Conservatives to a general election victory; the party had increased its share of council seats and importantly its share of seats in parliament.
Canton of Sarrebourg
The canton of Sarrebourg is an administrative division of the Moselle department, northeastern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Sarrebourg.

It consists of the following communes:

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
Castle Without (ward)
Castle Without was an electoral ward in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead from 2003 to 2019. It was first used at the 2003 elections and last used for the 2015 elections. The ward returned three councillors to Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Council. It covered Windsor town centre. The ward was formed in 2003 from parts of the Castle, Park and Trinity wards. After 2019 the area has been part of the Eton and Castle and Old Windsor wards.

2015 United Kingdom local elections
The 2015 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 2015, the same day as the general election for the House of Commons.

With the exception of those areas that have had boundary changes, the council seats up for election in England were last contested in the 2011 local elections. To date these are the last local elections to coincide with a general election in the United Kingdom.
ScoopWhoop
ScoopWhoop Media is an Indian digital media company based in New Delhi. It operates various online content verticals and serves as a news organisation featuring web series, documentaries and current affairs reporting with a focus on video production and primarily catering to adolescents and young adults. It also features other infotainment and entertainment content.

The company was co-founded by Sattvik Mishra, Rishi Pratim Mukherjee, Sriparna Tikekar, Saransh Singh, Suparn Pandey and Debarshi Banerjee in 2013. Initially started as an Indian viral content generating and sharing website and described as a BuzzFeed clone, it has since expanded into a news media company competing with the likes of The Times Group, Dainik Jagran and NDTV on the digital platform.

Infotainment
Infotainment, a portmanteau of information and entertainment, is a type of media, usually television or online, that provides a combination of information and entertainment. The term may be used disparagingly to devalue infotainment or soft news subjects in favor of more serious hard news subjects. Infotainment-based websites and social media apps gained traction due to their focused publishing of infotainment content, e.g. BuzzFeed. It is also called soft news as a way to distinguish it from serious journalism or hard news.
Dunayka
Dunayka (Russian: Дунайка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Dunaysky Rural Settlement, Grayvoronsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 527 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
32-pounder
A 32-pounder is a gun firing a shot of 32 pounds weight, a mass of 15 kg.

Examples include:

Naval artillery in the Age of Sail

32-pounder gun - a smooth-bore muzzle-loading gun firing 32-pound shot, c. 1500 – c. 1880

32-pounder 56 cwt - a large-caliber British naval gun of the 1790–1830 era

32-pounder long gun (demi-cannon) - a large-caliber British naval gun of the 1700s

Dahlgren gun#Thirty-two-pounder - American naval guns of the mid-19th century

M1844 32-pounder howitzer - a U.S. Army muzzle-loading smoothbore of the American Civil War era

Ordnance QF 32-pounder - a prototype British anti-tank gun of the Second World War

SBBL 32-pounder - a breech-loading gun converted from older 42 cwt muzzle-loading 32-pounders, late 19th century

32-pounder gun
The 32-pounder guns (and the French 30-pounders) were sets of heavy-caliber pieces of artillery mounted on warships in the last century of the Age of sail, during the 18th and early 19th centuries. It was usually the most powerful armament on a warship. The British version fired a 14.4-kilogram projectile at about 487 meters per second, for a muzzle energy of over 1.7 MJ. They were most famous being mounted on HMS Victory of the Royal Navy. Such a powerful gun with a large weight of shot posed serious damage to enemy ships.
Team USA Scholarship
The Team USA Scholarship is a scholarship program which allows young American racecar drivers to compete outside of the United States.  Each year, a competition is used to select the best young racecar drivers in the United States, then they are entered in highly competitive automobile racing events in an international racing environment (typically in Europe).

Brands Hatch
Brands Hatch is a motor racing circuit in West Kingsdown, Kent, England. Originally used as a grasstrack motorcycle circuit on farmland, it hosted 12 runnings of the British Grand Prix between 1964 and 1986 and currently hosts many British and International racing events. The venue is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.
Annalaura di Luggo
Annalaura di Luggo (born 1970, Naples) is an Italian multimedia artist, film director and filmmaker known for combining photography, video installations, and digital media in works addressing social inclusion, environmental sustainability, and human perception. Her practice often centers on the symbolism of the eye and vision, using interactive installations to explore identity, diversity, and human connection.

Museo Nazionale Romano
The Museo Nazionale Romano (National Roman Museum) is a museum with several branches in separate buildings throughout the city of Rome, Italy. It shows exhibits from the pre- and early history of Rome, with a focus on archaeological findings from the period of Ancient Rome.
Thuarea
Thuarea is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to Asia, Africa, Australia, and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Species:

Thuarea involuta (G.Forst.) R.Br. ex Sm. - Madagascar, China, Japan (incl Bonin, Volcano, Ryukyu Is), Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Indian Islands (Andaman, Nicobar, Laccadive), Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papuasia, Queensland, Northern Territory, Melanesia, Micronesia, Hawaii.

Thuarea perrieri A.Camus - Madagascar

Volcano Islands
The Volcano Islands (火山列島, Kazan Rettō), also known as Iwo Islands (硫黄列島, Iō Rettō) are a group of three Japanese islands in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. They lie southwest of the Ogasawara Islands and are administered as part of the Ogasawara, Tokyo Metropolis. The islands are all active volcanoes lying atop the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc that stretches south to the Marianas. They have an area of 32.55 square kilometres (12.57 mi2), and a population of 380. The island of Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands lies about 1,240 kilometres (670 nmi; 771 mi) southeast of Miyazaki.
Contagion (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Contagion" is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the 37th episode overall. It was originally released on March 20, 1989, in broadcast syndication. It was written by Steve Gerber and Beth Woods, and was directed by Joseph L. Scanlan.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the USS Enterprise. In this episode, Picard and company try to protect the Enterprise against a catastrophic malfunction and simultaneously unlock the secrets of the once-powerful Iconian empire while keeping those secrets from the watchful Romulans.

Joseph L. Scanlan
Joseph Lawrence Scanlan (August 16, 1929 – December 18, 2020) was an American television director who early in his career was the primary director (1,665 of 1,710 episodes) of the NBC-TV soap opera Somerset (1970–76). He went on to direct individual episodes of numerous TV shows, TV movies, and one feature film. His last credit was a 2002 episode of Flatland.
Mohamed Rafie
Mohamed Ali Rafie (Arabic: محمد علي رفيع) is an Egyptian novelist, screenwriter and writer, born in Al-Daher neighborhood in Cairo in 1972. He has a number of printed story collections, the most famous of which are Honey Noun and The Possessiveness of Water. He wrote his first book in collaboration with two friends, entitled “The Path of the Pavements”. Later, he wrote a collection of short stories entitled “Ibn Bahr” and a few years later another collection of short stories entitled “The Pomp of Water”. He formed many literary groups with his writer friends.

He holds a bachelor's degree in computers from the Faculty of Science from Suez Canal University, but he was inclined to theatre, so he established a theater group with his friends in the college. Then he turned to writing after several workshops and seminars he attended and studied at the Academy of Modern Film Technology of Arts, script department until he graduated in 2003.

Suez Canal University
The Suez Canal University is an Egyptian public university serving the Suez Canal region. Its faculties are located in the three governorates of the Suez Canal Region (Port Said, Ismailia & Suez). It was established in 1974. It is well known  for its non-traditional research. It has 48 faculties (16 in Ismaïlia, 13 in Port Said, 10 in Suez and 9 in Arish) with a total number of students reaching 21,325.
Hỏa Lò Prison
Hỏa Lò Prison (Vietnamese: [hwâː lɔ̀], Nhà tù Hỏa Lò; French: Prison Hỏa Lò) was a prison in Hanoi originally used by the French colonists in Indochina for political prisoners, and later by North Vietnam for U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War. During this later period, it was known to American POWs as the "Hanoi Hilton". Following Operation Homecoming, the prison was used to incarcerate Vietnamese dissidents until its demolition between 1993 and 1994. Its gatehouse remains a museum.

In the Presence of Mine Enemies (memoir)
In the Presence of Mine Enemies: 1965–1973 – A Prisoner of War is a memoir by American pilot Howard E. Rutledge, co-written with his wife Phyllis, and Mel and Lyla White, of his time in a Vietnamese POW camp during the Vietnam War. When it was published it was the first book-length firsthand treatment of the experiences of American prisoners of war in Vietnam. It was made into a documentary in the same year.

After the war, Rutledge was head of the University of Oklahoma's department of naval science and twice ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives from Oklahoma's 4th congressional district. He died of cancer in Norman, Oklahoma in 1984.
Canyon Diablo shootout
The Canyon Diablo shootout was a gunfight between American lawmen and a pair of bandits that occurred on April 8, 1905, in the present-day ghost town of Canyon Diablo, Arizona. On the night before, two men named William Evans and John Shaw robbed a saloon in Winslow and made off with at least $200 in coins. Two lawmen pursued the bandits and on the following day they encountered each other in Canyon Diablo. A three-second shootout ensued, which was described at the time as "one huge explosion" that resulted in the death of Shaw and the wounding and capture of Evans.

Banditry
Banditry is a type of organized crime committed by outlaws typically involving the threat or use of violence. A person who engages in banditry is known as a bandit and primarily commits crimes such as extortion, robbery, kidnapping, and murder, either as an individual or in groups. Banditry is a vague concept of criminality and in modern usage can be synonymous with gangsterism, brigandage, marauding, terrorism, piracy, and thievery.
Eagle Radio
Eagle Radio was an Independent Local Radio station in the Surrey and North East Hampshire area of England. Based in Guildford in the Guildford College campus, Eagle Radio was part of the UKRD Group of radio stations.

Guildford College
Guildford College of Further and Higher Education (GCFHE) in Guildford, Surrey was a Surrey County Council-funded educational establishment for students of age 16+ undertaking full-time and part-time studies, established in 1939. It became part of oxford-based group Activate Learning in March 2019, and left Surrey County Council control.

Its original campus is signposted and known as Guildford College. GCFHE has expanded by incorporating two colleges to the north-west and 6 miles (9.7 km) to the west in Surrey.
Jorge Vázquez (baseball)
Jorge Alberto Vázquez (born March 15, 1982), nicknamed El Chato, is a Mexican former professional baseball first baseman.

Vázquez played in the Mexican League from 1999 through 2008, and played in the minor league system of the New York Yankees from 2009 through 2011. He returned to the Mexican League in 2012. He also played for the Mexico national baseball team at the 2009 World Baseball Classic.

Saraperos de Saltillo
The Saraperos de Saltillo (English: Saltillo Serapes) are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League. Their home ballpark is the Estadio de Béisbol Francisco I. Madero in Saltillo, Coahuila. They have won three championships (1980, 2009, and 2010). The 1979 Saraperos were recognized as one of the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time.
Exemplary Public Official Medal
The Exemplary Public Official Medal (abbreviated to EPO as the post-nominal) (Korean: 모범공무원증서) is an award bestowed to exemplary public official with 6th Grade (Assistant Director level, Korean: 주무관)) or under, by the Prime Minister for the executive branch and devolved provincial governments, Speaker of the National Assembly of Korea for legislative branch, Chief Justice of Supreme Court and President of Constitutional Court for judicial branch, and Chairperson of National Election Commission of Korea for independent electoral commission as each of highest constitutional institution. Originally issued as a plaque under Presidential Decree #6971, dated Jan. 15, 1980.  It was changed to a medal under Presidential Decree #11360, dated Feb. 18, 1984.

Constitutional institution
A constitutional institution, constitutional body or constitutional organ is a government institution created by a constitution. As these institutions derives its powers, duties and responsibilities directly from the constitution, which is harder to be amended by legislature compared to sub-constitutional laws, their status is rather more stable and independent than institutions created by sub-constitutional laws.
Freeman's Marsh
Freeman's Marsh is a 25.1-hectare (62-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest on the northern outskirts of Hungerford in Berkshire, England. It is in the North Wessex Downs, which is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The site is owned by the Town and Manor of Hungerford.

Freeman's Marsh is in the flood plain of the River Dun, which goes through the site. It has unimproved meadows, which have long been traditionally managed by grazing, marsh, reedbeds and scattered woodland. Many species of birds nest on the river bank and in the marshy meadows, including snipe, little grebes and mute swans, while sedge warblers, reed warblers and reed buntings nest in tall fen and reed.

The site is crossed by public footpaths.

North Wessex Downs
The North Wessex Downs are an area of chalk downland landscapes, largely turfed by grassland, located in the southern English counties of Berkshire, Hampshire, Oxfordshire and Wiltshire. The North Wessex Downs has been designated as a National Landscape (formerly known as Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty or AONB) since 1972.

The North Wessex Downs is a modern name coined with the creation of the AONB to encompass the area of chalk and limestone hills better known by various overlapping local names, including the Berkshire Downs, the North Hampshire Downs, the White Horse Hills, the Lambourn Downs, the Marlborough Downs, the Vale of Pewsey and Savernake Forest.
Mattias Karlsson (politician, born 1977)
Hans Kennert Mattias Hedarv Karlsson (born 17 August 1977) is a Swedish politician, writer and public commentator who served as Leader of the Sweden Democrats in the Riksdag from September 2014 to November 2019. He has been a Member of the Riksdag (SD) since October 2010. He previously served as temporary Leader of the Sweden Democrats from 2014 to 2015.

He currently heads the conservative think-tank Oikos. Since 2022, he has also served as the party's international outreach secretary. Karlsson has also been described as one of the SD's chief philosophical ideologues, having been responsible much of the party's current platform and shift in its beliefs.

Växjö
Växjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̂kːɧøː]) is a city and the seat of Växjö Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden. As of 2023, it had 74,052 inhabitants, out of a total 98,280 municipal residents (2025). It is the administrative, cultural, and industrial centre of Kronoberg County and the episcopal see of the Diocese of Växjö, with Växjö Cathedral at its heart. The city is also home to Linnaeus University.
Chthonocephalus tomentellus
Chthonocephalus tomentellus is an annual herb in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Western Australia, occurring in saline depressions. Yellow flowers are produced between August and November (late winter to late spring) in its native range. 
The species was first formally described as Lachnothalamus tomentellus  by botanist  Ferdinand von Mueller in 1863 in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae  from a type specimen collected near the mouth of the Murchison River.

Murchison River (Western Australia)
The Murchison River is the second longest river in Western Australia. It flows for about 820 km (510 mi) from the southern edge of the Robinson Ranges to the Indian Ocean at Kalbarri. The Murchison-Yalgar-Hope river system is the longest river system in Western Australia. It has a mean annual flow of 208 gigalitres, although in 2006, the peak year on record since 1967, flow was 1,806 gigalitres.
NCAA Season 90 basketball tournaments
The basketball tournaments of NCAA Season 90 were the Philippines' National Collegiate Athletic Association tournaments for the 90th season. The José Rizal University hosted the season, starting with an opening ceremony held on June 28, 2014 at the Mall of Asia Arena followed by a double-header. Games were held at the Filoil Flying V Arena in San Juan, with two seniors and juniors games every Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays and one senior and junior game every Saturday. The men's games were aired live by TV5 and AksyonTV.

Bench-clearing brawl
A bench-clearing brawl is a form of fighting that occurs in sports, most notably baseball and ice hockey, where most or all players on both teams leave their dugouts, bullpens, or benches, and charge onto the playing area in order to fight one another or try to break up a fight. Penalties for leaving the bench can range from nothing to severe.
Adam Shapiro (actor)
Adam Shapiro is an American actor and entrepreneur.

Shapiro was raised in Abington, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, and studied government and politics at the University of Maryland. He appeared in over 100 commercials early in his career.

He had a small role in The Good Lord Bird, the Showtime miniseries about John Brown. He played a teacher, Mr. Shapiro, on the series Never Have I Ever. He plays the recurring role of Adam Shapiro, chef de cuisine at the fictionalized Ever restaurant, on seasons two, three, and four of the TV series The Bear. His character on The Bear has been described as "(secretly)...a raging jerk."

He co-owns Shappy Pretzel Co., which manufactures and markets soft pretzels like those preferred in his native Philadelphia.

He married actress Katie Lowes in 2012 and they have two children together.

The Good Lord Bird (miniseries)
The Good Lord Bird is a 2020 American historical drama television miniseries, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by James McBride. Focusing on John Brown's attack on American slavery, the series was created and executive produced by Ethan Hawke and Mark Richard. Produced by Jason Blum, through Blumhouse Television, it premiered on October 4, 2020, on Showtime.