hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antagarh
Antagarh is a town and a Nagar Panchayat located in the Kanker district of Chhattisgarh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of its eponymous development block,  tehsil, and Assembly constituency.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Sherwin Petersen
Sherwin Holger Petersen (born May 12, 1953) is a farmer and former political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Kelvington-Wadena from 1982 to 1991 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Progressive Conservative.

He was born in Rose Valley, Saskatchewan, the son of Orla Peterson and was educated at the Kelsey Institute in Saskatoon. Peterson operated a farm in the Rose Valley district. In 1973, he married Sharon Ann Wheeler. He served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Highways and Transportation. Peterson was defeated by Kenneth Kluz when he ran for reelection to the Saskatchewan assembly in 1991. After leaving politics, he returned to farming and also operated an air seeder business. In 1993, he ran unsuccessfully for the Mackenzie seat in the Canadian House of Commons.

Peterson was granted a conditional discharge and ordered to repay $9,285 in the aftermath of the Saskatchewan Progressive Conservative fraud scandal.

Kelvington-Wadena
Kelvington-Wadena is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada, in the east-central region. The riding was last contested in the 2020 general election, when it returned Saskatchewan Party MLA Hugh Nerlien.

The largest population centres in the constituency are Wynyard, Wadena, Foam Lake, Kelvington and Porcupine Plain. Villages in the riding include Bjorkdale, Elfros, Rama, Archerwill, Margo and Lintlaw. Both major Canadian railways — the Canadian National and the Canadian Pacific — have branch lines serving the area.
Sabit Lulo
Sabit Lulo (1883-?) was an Albanian politician, active in the Ottoman Empire and Albania.

He was born in 1883 in Gjirokastër and was son of a kadi. From 1909 to 1913 he served as kaymakam in Tepelenë, Çermik and Rize, in Eastern Anatolia. In June 1913 he favoured the newly formed Principality of Albania and stopped his working activities for the Empire. In 1928 he is reported as still working in his native city as a simple official.

Çermik
Çermik (Armenian: Ջերմուկ, romanized: Jermuk, lit. 'hot springs'; Kurdish: Çermûk) is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 948 km2, and its population is 49,644 (2022). The mayor is Şehmus Karamehmetoğlu from the Justice and Development Party (AKP), and the current kaymakam is Vahit Yılmaz.

Çermik got its name from its natural spa.  It was declared the Diyarbakir Thermal Tourism Center in October 1993.
Robinson Valentine
Robinson Valentine, was a British luxury fashion house launched in 1986. It was founded by designer duo Antonia Robinson and Anna Valentine. In 2005 Valentine became the sole name on the label, now known as Anna Valentine.

The pair began working under the name "Robinson Valentine." Robinson and Valentine met at a college in Hammersmith while taking a pattern-cutting course. After completing the course, they approached the Enterprise Allowance Scheme which helped them open a small shop in Wandsworth. After becoming successful, they opened a much larger shop in Kensington.

Wandsworth
Wandsworth Town (/ˈwɒnzwərθ/) is a district of South London, within the London Borough of Wandsworth 4.2 miles (6.8 km) southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
No. 16 Army Light Aircraft Squadron (Australia)
No. 16 Army Light Aircraft Squadron was formed on 1 December 1960 as a joint Australian Army and Royal Australian Air Force unit at RAAF Base Amberley in Queensland. Tasked with the provision of light aircraft support to Army formations, the squadron was equipped with Cessna 180  light aircraft and Bell Sioux helicopters. A detachment of two float-equipped helicopters from the squadron was deployed to West New Guinea in November 1962 in support of the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA), following an outbreak of cholera there. Although one helicopter was lost in an accident, the detachment’s tasks were successfully completed and it returned to Australia in late December. In April 1966 the squadron was expanded to become the Army's 1st Aviation Regiment.

Cessna 180 Skywagon
The Cessna 180 Skywagon is a four- or six-seat, fixed conventional gear general aviation airplane which was produced between 1953 and 1981. Though the design is no longer in production, many of these aircraft are still in use as personal aircraft and in utility roles such as bush flying.
85th United States Congress
The 85th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1957, to January 3, 1959, during the fifth and sixth years of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1950 United States census.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

1950 United States census
The 1950 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 151,325,798, an increase of 14.5 percent over the 131,669,275 persons enumerated during the 1940 census.

This was the first census in which:

More than one state recorded a population of over 10 million

Every state and territory recorded a population of over 100,000

All 100 largest cities recorded populations of over 100,000

On April 1, 2022, the National Archives and Records Administration released scanned census enumeration sheets to the general public, in accordance with the 72 year rule. It is the most recent census to have full public availability.
Janis Spindel
Janis Spindel is a matchmaker, author, and entrepreneur. According to her website, she created the matchmaking service after matching fourteen couples who married within one year. Before entering the matchmaking field, she owned nine retail locations of "Mommy and Me". Spindel has been involved with several charities. Spindel is also a former fashion executive.

As the founder, her company, Janis Spindel Serious Matchmaking, Inc., was established in 1993 and is headquartered in New York City on the Upper East Side and, in the summer months, in the Hamptons. She had traveled to the US and Canada for her clients. The website was launched in 2005. She originally worked with both men and women, but now only works with men. She specializes in upscale professionals.

Matchmaking
Matchmaking is the process of pairing two or more people together, usually for the purpose of marriage, in which case the intermediary or matchmaker is also known as a marriage broker. Matchmaking may be done as a profession for a fee or it may be done by clergy.

The term is also used in the context of other analogous pairing activities, such as with sporting events such as boxing, in business, online video games and in pairing organ donors.
William Rosewell (apothecary)
Major William Rosewell (c.1606 – c.1680) (also Rowswell or Rousewell), was a London apothecary, a Royalist soldier, apothecary to Queen Catherine (wife of Charles II), and Master of the Worshipful Company of Apothecaries (1661–62).

Worshipful Society of Apothecaries
The Society of Apothecaries of London is one of the livery companies of the City of London. It is one of the largest livery companies (with over 1,600 members in 2012) and ranks 58th in their order of precedence.

The Society is a member of the London Museums of Health & Medicine and its guild church is the Church of St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe.
The Society's modern roles include educational, charitable and social activities, in addition to supporting the City of London, its governance and the Lord Mayor of the City of London.
Stumpers-L
The Stumpers-L electronic mailing list was a resource available for librarians and others to discuss reference questions which they were unable to answer using available resources. It was succeeded by the similar Project Wombat.

Dominican University (Illinois)
Dominican University (DU) is a private Catholic university in River Forest, Illinois, United States. Affiliated with the Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters, it offers bachelor's and master's degrees, certificate programs, and PhDs in information studies and Applied Social Justice. Dominican University has more than 50 majors in the Rosary College of Arts and Sciences and 20 programs in five graduate academic divisions. From 1922 to 1997, the institution was named Rosary College.
2007 USA Sevens
The 2007 USA Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament held on February 10 and February 11, 2007 in the United States at 44,500 capacity Petco Park in San Diego, California. The USA Sevens is part of the IRB Sevens World Series.  Although the 2006–07 season is the eighth of the Sevens World Series, this was only the fourth edition of the USA Sevens, which began in 2004 as a part of the 2003-04 series. This was the first time for the event in San Diego with past editions being held at The Home Depot Center in the Los Angeles suburb of Carson.

The overall winners of the event were Fiji.

American referee Dana Teagarden became the first woman ever to referee a senior-level men's international in any version of rugby union when she officiated the France-Chile match. Teagarden was also referee for the Bowl final, making her the first woman to referee a men's competition final in any version of rugby union.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.
10th Arizona State Legislature
The 10th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted from January 1, 1931, to December 31, 1932, during the first and second years of George W. P. Hunt's seventh tenure as Governor of Arizona, in Phoenix. The number of senators remained constant at 19, while the number of representatives increased from 54 to 63. The Democrats increased the large majorities they held in both houses.

1930 Arizona gubernatorial election
The 1930 Arizona gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1930. George W. P. Hunt narrowly won the general election in 1930, defeating incumbent governor John Calhoun Phillips, who had defeated Hunt in his bid for reelection in the previous election year in 1928.

George W. P. Hunt was sworn in for his seventh, and final, term as governor on January 5, 1931. Although Hunt would run again, this was the last time he won his party's nomination.
Doctrine of lapse
The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent for the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the British Crown.

The policy is associated with James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie.

Elements of the doctrine of lapse continued to be applied by the post-independence Indian government to derecognise individual princely families until 1971, when the recognition of former ruling families was discontinued under the 26th Amendment to the Indian constitution by the Indira Gandhi government.

Privy purse in India
In India, a privy purse was a payment made to the ruling families of erstwhile princely states as part of their agreements to first integrate with India in 1947 after the independence of India, and later to merge their states in 1949, thereby ending their ruling rights.

The privy purses continued to be paid to the royal families until the 26th Amendment in 1971, by which all their privileges and allowances from the central government ceased to exist, which was implemented after a two-year legal battle.

In some individual cases, privy purses were continued for life for individuals who had held ruling powers before 1947; for instance, HH Maharani Sethu Lakshmi Bayi's allowance was reinstated after a prolonged legal battle, and lasted until she died in 1985.
Max Fleischer (painter)
Richard Paul Max Fleischer (4 July 1861, Lipine in Oberschlesien, Kingdom of Prussia – 3 April 1930, Menton, France) was a German painter and bryologist. As a botanist, he is remembered for his work with Javan mosses.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Locos de amor 2
Locos de amor 2 (lit. 'Crazy in love 2') is a 2018 Peruvian jukebox musical romantic comedy film directed by Frank Pérez-Garland and written by Bruno Ascenzo and Mariana Silva. The film is a sequel to Locos de amor and stars Carlos Alcántara, Marco Zunino, Paul Vega, Vanessa Saba, Bruno Ascenzo, Johanna San Miguel, Wendy Ramos and Erika Villalobos. It was premiered on February 14, 2018, in Peruvian theaters.

Jukebox musical
A jukebox musical is a stage musical or musical film in which a majority of the songs are well-known, pre-existing popular music songs, rather than original music composed for the musical.

Some jukebox musicals use a wide variety of songs, while others confine themselves to songs previously performed by one singer or band, or written by one songwriter. In such cases, the plot is often a biography of the artist or artists. In other jukebox musicals, the plot is purely fictional. For musicals about a musician or musical act, some of the songs can be diegetic, meaning that they are performed within the world of the play or film. Works in which all of the music is diegetic, however, such as a biographical film about a singer who is at times shown performing their songs, are generally not considered jukebox musicals.

Revues that lack a plot are also usually not described as jukebox musicals, although plotless shows that include a dance element sometimes are.
Michiel Hemmen
Michiel Hemmen (born 28 June 1987) is a retired Dutch footballer who played as a forward. He formerly played for FC Volendam, AGOVV Apeldoorn, BV Veendam, Westerlo, SC Cambuur, BK Häcken, Excelsior and Altona Magic.

AGOVV
AGOVV (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌaːɣeːjoːveːˈveː]) is a Dutch football club based in Apeldoorn, Gelderland. Founded on 25 February 1913, the club competes in the Derde Klasse, the eighth tier of the Dutch football league system.

AGOVV played professional football between 1954 and 1971, and again from 2003 until 2013, when its professional branch was declared bankrupt and dissolved. During its time in the professional ranks, the club competed in the Eerste Divisie and was known for developing players such as Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.

The club's full name, Apeldoornse Geheel Onthouders Voetbalvereniging, reflects its origins as a teetotalers' sporting association. AGOVV plays its home matches at the Sportpark Berg & Bos and traditionally wears blue kits.
The Man Who Saw Tomorrow
The Man Who Saw Tomorrow is a 1981 American documentary-style film about the predictions of French astrologer and physician Michel de Notredame (Nostradamus). Presented and narrated by Orson Welles, who also hosts some segments, the film depicts many of Nostradamus' predictions as evidence of Nostradamus' ability, though as with other works, nothing is offered which conclusively proves his accuracy. The last quarter discusses Nostradamus' supposed prediction for the then future of the 1980s, 1990s and beyond. There are no scientifically testable predictions directly depicted, only suggestions and allusions.

Prediction
A prediction (from Latin  prae- 'before' and  dictum 'something said') or  forecast is a statement about a future event or about future data. Predictions are often, but not always, based upon experience or knowledge of forecasters. There is no universal agreement about the exact difference between "prediction" and "estimation"; different authors and disciplines ascribe different connotations.

Future events are necessarily uncertain, so guaranteed accurate information about the future is impossible. Prediction can be useful to assist in making plans about possible developments.
Tina Šutej
Tina Šutej (born 7 November 1988) is a Slovenian pole vaulter. She is a World Championships bronze medallist, World Indoor Championships silver and bronze medallist, European Championships bronze medallist, three-time European Indoor Championships silver medallist and European Games silver medallist. Šutej earned the bronze medal at the 2025 World Championships, silver and bronze medal at the 2025 and 2022 World Indoor Championships respectively, the bronze medal at the 2022 European Championships, and the silver medal at the 2021, 2023 and 2025 European Indoor Championships and the 2023 European Games.

Šutej is a four-time Olympian and competed at the 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics. At junior level, she earned a silver medal at the 2006 World Junior Championships. Šutej is the Slovenian record holder both in and outdoors.

2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships
The 18th World Athletics Indoor Championships were held from 18 to 20 March 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

Ethiopia headed the medal table, with 4 gold medals. United States won the most medals, with 19, as well as getting the second highest number of golds, with 3.
Pholiota velaglutinosa
Pholiota velaglutinosa is a species of agaric fungus in the family Strophariaceae. Found in the western United States, it was described as new to science in 1968 by American mycologists Alexander H. Smith and Lexemuel Ray Hesler.

Lexemuel Ray Hesler
Lexemuel Ray Hesler (20 February 1888 – 20 November 1977) was an American mycologist. He was the son of Clinton F. Hesler and Laura Iris (née Youngblood). He obtained his B.A. degree with Wabash College in 1911 and his Ph.D. at the University of Cornell in 1914.
QST (genetics)
In quantitative genetics, QST is a statistic intended to measure the degree of genetic differentiation among populations with regard to a quantitative trait. It was developed by Ken Spitze in 1993. Its name reflects that QST was intended to be analogous to the fixation index for a single genetic locus (FST). QST is often compared with FST of neutral loci to test if variation in a quantitative trait is a result of divergent selection or genetic drift, an analysis known as QST–FST comparisons.

Genetic distance
Genetic distance is a measure of the genetic divergence between species or between populations within a species, whether the distance measures time from common ancestor or degree of differentiation. Populations with many similar alleles have small genetic distances. This indicates that they are closely related and have a recent common ancestor.

Genetic distance is useful for reconstructing the history of populations, such as the multiple human expansions out of Africa. It is also used for understanding the origin of biodiversity. For example, the genetic distances between different breeds of domesticated animals are often investigated in order to determine which breeds should be protected to maintain genetic diversity.
Sakineh Ghasemi
Sakineh Ghasemi, also known as Pari Bolandeh and commonly referred to as the tall fairy, was an Iranian sex worker. She was arrested after the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the burning of the Shahr-e No neighbourhood, and was executed on 12 July 1979, along with two other sex workers, on charges of "waging war against God." In contemporary literature and popular culture, she has been mentioned many times.

Hirabah
In Islamic law, ḥirabah (Arabic: حرابة) is a legal category that comprises highway robbery (traditionally understood as aggravated robbery or grand larceny, unlike theft, which has a different punishment), rape, and terrorism. Ḥirābah means piracy or unlawful warfare. It comes from the triliteral root ḥrb, which means “to become angry and enraged”. The noun ḥarb (حَرْب, pl. ḥurūb حُروب) means 'war' or 'wars'.

Moharebeh (Persian: محاربه, also spelled muharebeh) is a Persian language term that is treated as interchangeable with ḥirabah in Arabic lexicons. The related term muḥārib  (Arabic: محارب, lit. 'perpetrator of muḥāribah') has been translated by English-language Iranian media as "enemy of God". In English-language media sources, moḥarebeh in Iran has been translated variously as "waging war against God," "war against God and the state," "enmity against God."

It is a capital crime in Saudi Arabia and Iran.
Isaac Snook
Isaac N. Snook (1848–1931) was an American politician.

Snook was born in Union County, Pennsylvania, in 1848. The family, which included eight children, settled in Lee County, Iowa, in June 1854. Snook married Rachel Box in 1871. The couple had six children. Unfortunately, Box died when their eldest daughter was fifteen. Snook managed his farm and threshing business for fifty years and served as president of the Iowa Threshermen's Association for fourteen years. He also held various local offices, including a sixteen-year term as a justice of the peace, before being elected to the Iowa Senate in 1922. As a Democrat, he represented District 1 from 1923 to 1927. Snook died on November 2, 1931.

Lee County, Iowa
Lee County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,555. The county seats are Fort Madison and Keokuk: it is the only county in Iowa with more than one county seat. Lee County is part of the Fort Madison–Keokuk, IA–IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area. It was established in 1836.