hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martin J. Gruber
Martin Jay Gruber is professor emeritus of finance and scholar in residence at the Stern School of Business, New York University, where he was previously Nomura professor of finance (1987-2010) and chair of the finance department (1989-1997).

He was elected president of the American Finance Association in 1995. He is director emeritus of the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he was on the investment committee.

His research studies mutual funds, pension funds, and expectations in the process of security price formation. He has been honored for his research by several academic and industry organizations

With Edwin Elton, he wrote Modern Portfolio Theory and Investment Analysis (Wiley), now in its 9th edition, a standard textbook in the field of modern portfolio theory.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Grigor Kerdikoshvili
Grigor Kerdikoshvili (born 15 November 1994 in Georgia) is a Georgian rugby union player who plays for Agen in the Rugby Pro D2. His playing position is lock. Kerdikoshvili signed for Agen in 2021, having previously represented Colorado Raptors in Major League Rugby and Lelo Saracens. He made his debut for Georgia in 2019 against Spain.

Lelo Saracens
Lelo Saracens (or formally Rugby Club Lelo Tbilisi) is a Georgian semi-professional rugby union club from Tbilisi, who plays in the Georgia Championship, the first division of Georgian rugby. The team was Champion in 2004, 2009 and 2013. In July 2014, they became part of the Saracens global network, the ninth club to do so.
Suzanne Dansereau
Suzanne Dansereau is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2018 provincial election. She represents the electoral district of Verchères as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec.

Verchères (provincial electoral district)
Verchères (French pronunciation: [vɛʁʃɛʁ]) is a provincial riding in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada.  It corresponds exactly to the territory of Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  It disappeared in the 1939 election and its successor electoral district was Richelieu-Verchères; however, it was re-created for the 1944 election.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Saint-Roch-de-Richelieu to the riding of Richelieu, La Présentation to the riding of Saint-Hyacinthe, and several municipalities to the riding of Borduas, but gained Sainte-Julie from the defunct riding of  Marguerite-D'Youville. Sainte-Julie is now the biggest municipality in the district
Chris Eaton (politician)
Christine Ann "Chris" Eaton (born January 5, 1954) is an American politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she represented District 40, which includes the cities of Brooklyn Center and Brooklyn Park in Hennepin County in the Twin Cities metropolitan area.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Eliezer Rivlin
Eliezer Rivlin (Hebrew: אליעזר ריבלין; born May 28, 1942) is an Israeli jurist who served as a judge of the Supreme Court of Israel.

Since 2006 until his retirement Eliezer Rivlin was the deputy-president of the Supreme Court of Israel and was chairman of the Central Elections Committee for the 2009 Legislative elections.

Rivlin was appointed to the Supreme Court in 2000. He became deputy-president in 2006. He  serves on the advisory board of the Florida Journal of International Law, a law journal published by the University of Florida Levin College of Law.

University of Florida Levin College of Law
The University of Florida Levin College of Law (UF Law) is the law school of the University of Florida located in Gainesville, Florida. Founded in 1909, it is the oldest operating public law school in Florida and second oldest overall in the state.

For every entering class in its three-year J.D. program, the law school has approximately 200 students. According to the college's official 2024 ABA-required disclosures, 95% of graduates obtained employment in either bar-passage-required or JD-advantage employment within 9 months of graduation and 90% obtained bar-passage-required employment (i.e., as attorneys) within 9 months of graduation, the highest rates of any Florida law school. Levin students achieved the highest passage rate for first-time takers of all Florida law schools on the Florida summer 2024 bar exam.

Many prominent Florida political leaders, public servants, jurists, and law firm managers are among the school's alumni.
Suriname at the 2019 Pan American Games
Suriname competed at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019.

The Suriname team consisted of six athletes (five men and one woman) competing in four sports. Triple jumper Miguel Van Assen had to withdraw from the team due to injury. During the opening ceremony of the games, badminton player Dylan Darmohoetomo carried the flag of the country as part of the parade of nations.

2019 Pan American Games Parade of Nations
During the Parade of Nations at the 2019 Pan American Games opening ceremony, on July 26, 2019, 41 athletes bearing the flags of their respective nations led their national delegations as they paraded into Estadio Nacional in the host city of Lima, Peru
Word of Knowledge
In Christianity, the word of knowledge is a spiritual gift listed in 1 Corinthians 12:8. It has been associated with the ability to teach the faith or to know certain secrets or hidden events, through inexplicable divine inspiration or revelation. It is closely related to another spiritual gift, the word of wisdom.

Revelation
Revelation, or divine revelation, is the disclosing of some form of truth or knowledge through communication with a deity (god) or other supernatural entity or entities in the view of religion and theology.
Joseph Almeida
Joseph S. Almeida, Jr. (born September 23, 1957) is a Cape Verdean American politician who served as the Rhode Island State Representative for the 12th District from 2015 to 2021. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Rhode Island House of Representatives
41°49′52″N 71°25′02″W﻿ / ﻿41.8310574°N 71.4171443°W﻿ / 41.8310574; -71.4171443

The Rhode Island House of Representatives is the lower house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the upper house being the Rhode Island Senate. It is composed of 75 members, elected to two-year terms from 75 districts of equal population. The Rhode Island General Assembly does not have term limits. The House meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.
Coagh
Coagh (/koʊk/ KOHK; from Irish An Cuach, meaning 'the hollow') is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, five miles (8 km) east of Cookstown. Part of the village also extends into County Londonderry. It had a population of 774 people in the 2021 census. It owes its existence to George Butle Conyngham of Springhill, and was founded in 1728 when King George II of Great Britain granted Conyngham a market charter allowing the village to host four fairs yearly. It is situated within Mid-Ulster District. The village is situated on gentle, low-lying land between the Sperrins and Lough Neagh.

Sperrins
The Sperrins or Sperrin Mountains (Irish: Sliabh Speirín) are a mountain range in Northern Ireland. The range stretches from Strabane and Mullaghcarn in the west, to Slieve Gallion and the Glenshane Pass in the east, in the counties of Tyrone and Londonderry. The landscape is mostly moorland and blanket bog. The region has a population of some 150,000 and is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Achamma Mathai
Achamma Mathai was an Indian social worker, women's rights activist, a co-founder of Dr. John Mathai Centre, an institute of Information Technology, Economics, Management, Theatre Arts and Music under the University of Calicut and the wife of John Mathai, the first Railway Minister of India and a former Finance minister. During her stay in Delhi, when her husband was serving in the Union Ministry, she was reported to have been involved in activities related to children's education. During the riots that followed Indian independence, she worked alongside Sucheta Kripalani for the rehabilitation of the riot victims. She served as a member of the Advisory Committee for Libraries in 1955 and as the chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board in the early Sixties. The Government of India honoured her in 1954, with the award of Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award for her contributions to the society, placing her among the first recipients of the award.

India portal

John Matthai
John Matthai CIE (1886–1959) was an Indian economist, bureaucrat, academician and statesman who served as Independent India's first Railway Minister and subsequently as well as India's Finance Minister, taking office shortly after the presentation of India's first Budget, in 1948.
Mixtape (Hadouken! EP)
Mixtape is a collection of tracks merged by Leeds-based grindie band Hadouken! to create a mixtape. The tracks include Hadouken! remixes of other songs, and a demo version of the band's debut single, "That Boy That Girl". The mixtape was released as a free digital download following the band's previous single, "Liquid Lives".

Hadouken! (band)
Hadouken! were a British dance-punk band formed in London in 2006 by singer, songwriter and producer James Smith and synth player Alice Spooner along with guitarist Daniel "Pilau" Rice, bassist Christopher Purcell and drummer Nick Rice.  The band took its name from the special attack of the same name from the Street Fighter video game series.  It was in Leeds that Hadouken! began their own record label, Surface Noise Records.
Scuttle (horse)
Scuttle (1925 – March 1934) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She showed considerable promise as a two-year-old in 1925 when she won three races including the Cheveley Park Stakes as well as finishing second in the Queen Mary Stakes. In the following spring she won on her seasonal debut and then recorded a popular and impressive victory in the 1000 Guineas. In her subsequent races she finished second in the Epsom Oaks, third in the Coronation Stakes and second in the Nassau Stakes. She was then retired to become a broodmare but died in 1934 at the age of nine. She was the first and only classic winner owned by King George V.

Epsom Oaks
The Oaks Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run at Epsom Downs over a distance of 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 6 yards (2,420 metres), about 1½ miles, and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June. It is the second-oldest of the five Classic races, after the St Leger. Officially the Betfred Oaks, it is also popularly known as simply The Oaks. It has increasingly come to be referred to as the Epsom Oaks in both the UK and overseas countries, although 'Epsom' is not part of the official title of the race.

It is the third of Britain's five Classic races to be held during the season, and the second of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the middle leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, preceded by the 1000 Guineas and followed by the St Leger, although the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Exoneura hamulata
Exoneura hamulata, or Exoneura (Exoneura) hamulata , is a species of reed bee in the tribe Allodapini. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1905 by British-American entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell.

Theodore D. A. Cockerell
Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell (22 August 1866 – 26 January 1948) was a British and American entomologist and systematic biologist who published nearly 4,000 papers, some of them only a few lines long. Cockerell's speciality was the insect order Hymenoptera (bees and wasps), an area of study where he described specimens from the United States, the West Indies, Honduras, the Philippines, Africa, and Asia. Cockerell named at least 5,500 species and varieties of bees and almost 150 genera and subgenera, representing over a quarter of all species of bees known during his lifetime. In addition to his extensive studies of bees, he published papers on scale insects, slugs, moths, fish scales, fungi, roses and other flowers, mollusks, and a wide variety of other plants and animals.
Primary time standard
In telecommunications, a primary time standard is a time standard that does not require calibration against another time standard.

Examples of primary time, (i.e., frequency standards) are caesium standards and hydrogen masers.

The international second is based on the microwave frequency (9,192,631,770 Hz) associated with the atomic resonance of the hyperfine ground state levels of the caesium-133 atom in a magnetically neutral environment. Realizable caesium frequency standards use a strong electromagnet to deliberately introduce a magnetic field which overwhelms that of the Earth. The presence of this strong magnetic field introduces a slight, but known, increase in the atomic resonance frequency. However, very small variations in the calibration of the electric current in the electromagnet introduce minuscule frequency variations among different caesium oscillators.

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Install (Unix)
install is a shell command that copies files in ways that are particularly useful for implementing a software installation process. Features beyond copying include creating directories, setting file permission, changing file ownership and stripping executable files.

The command is available in many Unix systems and Linux distributions, but unlike many other long-standing and commonly-used Unix utilities, it is not defined by POSIX. The command is available for Windows via UnxUtils.

Two variants exists – one from GNU and one from BSD – with the major difference in how the options -D and -d work.

UnxUtils
UnxUtils is a collection of utility programs that provide popular Unix-based shell commands – ported from GNU implementations as native Windows programs that depend only on Win32 and the Microsoft C-runtime (msvcrt.dll). The collection was last updated externally on April 15, 2003, by Karl M. Syring. As of December 2016, the most recent release was an open-source project at SourceForge, with the latest binary release in March, 2007 (though the files are dated 2000). The independent distribution included a main zip archive (UnxUtils.zip, 3,365,638 bytes) complemented by more recent updates (UnxUpdates.zip, 878,847 bytes, brought some binaries up to year 2003), but the SourceForge project has no UnxUpdates.zip package.

An alternative collection of Unix-based utilities for Windows is GnuWin32. It has later versions of many programs, but requires supporting files (e.g. DLLs).

Supported commands include:
Erica Kennedy
Erica Kennedy (March 24, 1970 – c. June 13, 2012) was an American author, blogger, news correspondent, fashion journalist, and singer. Her 2004 novel Bling, became a New York Times bestseller. In 2010, she was named to the list of 100 most influential African Americans, as published by Ebony magazine and known as the "Ebony Power 100".

Fashion journalism
Fashion journalism is a component of fashion media, with a focus on writing and photojournalism. Fashion journalists write about and critique fashion events and trends as well as cultivate and maintain relationships with stylists and designers. Fashion journalists are either employed full-time by a publication, or submit articles on a freelance basis. Fashion photography, which supplanted fashion illustration in the 1900s, is a type of photojournalism used in fashion journalism. The Internet has given rise to several outlets for amateur fashion journalism, such as blogs and vlogs.
Kongola Constituency
Kongola Constituency is an electoral constituency in Namibia's Zambezi Region, with the Kongola settlement serving as its administrative centre. Covering an area of 5,174 km², it is the largest constituency in the region by area. As of 2023, Kongola has a population of 12,069, resulting in a population density of 2.33 per km².

The name "Kongola" is derived from Silozi, meaning "to gather" (like a net collecting everything) or "to bring people together". The Kwando River flows through the constituency. Parts of Bwabwata National Park and  Mayuni Conservancy fall within Kongola constituency.

Cuando River
The Cuando (or Kwando) is a river in south-central Africa flowing through Angola and Namibia's Caprivi Strip and into the Linyanti Swamp on the northern border of Botswana. Below the swamp, the river is called the Linyanti River and, farther east, the Chobe River, before it flows into the Zambezi River.
Duan language (Austroasiatic)
Duan, Doan, or Halang Doan, is a language spoken by more than 4,000 people on either side of the Laotian–Vietnamese border.  There are some 2,346 speakers in Attopu Province, Laos, and another couple of thousand in Kon Tum Province, Vietnam. It is too poorly known to classify completely and may be mutually intelligible with Takua, Kayong, Halang, and Rengao. Might be a part of the Xơ Ɖăng ethnic group.

Attapeu province
Attapeu (Lao: ອັດຕະປື, pronounced [ʔát.tā.pɯ̀ː]) is a province of Laos in the southeast of the country. It has five districts: Phouvong, Sanamxay, Sanxay, Saysetha and Samakkixay, covering an area of 10,320 square kilometres (3,980 sq mi) with a population of 127,285. The provincial capital is Attapeu.

Following national liberation, the province became known as the "land of heroism". The province has a national park, Xe Pian National Park, and a national biodiversity conservation area, Dong Ampham National Biodiversity Conservation Area.
2002 Open Romania – Doubles
Aleksandar Kitinov and Johan Landsberg were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Kitinov with Lovro Zovko and Landsberg with Karsten Braasch.

Kitinov and Zovko lost in the first round to Galo Blanco and Juan Antonio Marín.

Braasch and Landsberg lost in the quarterfinals to Juan Ignacio Carrasco and Álex López Morón.

Jens Knippschild and Peter Nyborg won in the final 6–3, 6–3 against Emilio Benfele Álvarez and Andrés Schneiter.

Peter Nyborg
Peter Nyborg (born 12 December 1969), is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career he won 5 doubles titles. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 38 in 1996. He currently works for racket sport platform MATCHi.
2000 Italian Open – Men's doubles
Ellis Ferreira and Rick Leach were the defending champions, but lost in second round to Simon Aspelin and Jaime Oncins

Martin Damm and Dominik Hrbatý won the title by defeating Wayne Ferreira and Yevgeny Kafelnikov 6–4, 3–6, 6–4 in the final. It was the 17th title for Damm and the 1st title for Hrbatý in their respective doubles careers.

Martin Damm
Martin Damm Sr. (born 1 August 1972) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. He is best known as a doubles player (his highest ranking being No. 5 in the world in April 2007). His highest singles ranking was No. 42 in August 1997. Damm won a total of 40 titles in doubles, including one Grand Slam title. He reached five singles finals. He played his last tournament in September 2011 at the US Open (with Radek Štěpánek) and lost to Colin Fleming and Ross Hutchins 6–3, 6–3.
Buchanan, New South Wales
Buchanan is a locality in the City of Maitland and City of Cessnock, New South Wales, Australia.
It is approximately half farmland and half forested.  It  was notable as being the intersection of the roads between Maitland, Beresfield, Kurri and Edgeworth. It is the preferred location for a regional freight hub. In 2021, the population was 212, median age was 38 and 88% were born in Australia.

City of Maitland
The City of Maitland is a local government area in the lower Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia.  The area is situated adjacent to the New England Highway and the Hunter railway line.

The mayor of the City of Maitland is Cr. Philip Penfold, a former Liberal party member turned Independent politician.

The deputy mayor of the City of Maitland is Cr. Mike Yarrington, a member of Mayor Penfold's Independent team. The previous Deputy Mayor was Cr. Bill Hackney, who once applied to be a member of the Liberal party, but was elected to Council as part of Mayor Penfold's Independent team.

The current General Manager is Jeff Smith.
James Dickey Review
The James Dickey Review is a biannual literary magazine edited by Casey Clabough. It was established by Joyce Pair as the James Dickey Newsletter at DeKalb College in 1984. In 2007 the magazine moved to the University of South Carolina. From 2016 it is published by Reinhardt University.

The magazine traditionally includes writings about and by James Dickey. However, it has broadened its scope to include creative nonfiction pieces, scholarly writing, poetry, and book reviews on more general topics. The magazine maintains that pieces it publishes may be inspired by Dickey's themes, but are not limited to them. Common content focuses on articulations of the South and Appalachia, nature, ecocriticism, masculinity, dysfunctional human relationships, and rural poverty.

Reinhardt University
Reinhardt University is a private university with its main campus in Waleska, Georgia, and its Cauble School of Nursing and Health Sciences in Jasper. Over 50 graduate and undergraduate programs are offered on campus and online. Reinhardt is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. The 620-acre campus includes hiking trails, disc golf, professional concerts at the Falany Performing Arts Center, athletic teams, and the Funk Heritage Center and Bennett History Museum.