hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cowern
Cowern is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dianna Cowern (born 1989), American YouTuber

Jenny Cowern (1943–2005), English artist

Raymond Teague Cowern (1913–1986), British painter and illustrator

Dianna Cowern
Dianna Cowern (born May 4, 1989) is an American science communicator and physicist, who has run the YouTube channel Physics Girl since its inception in 2011. Her videos explain physical phenomena in everyday life, using an informal, fast-paced style. The series was produced in partnership with the PBS Digital Studios from 2015 until 2020.

Cowern started Physics Girl in 2011 after graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After winning a 2014 video competition from the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science, the series started being produced by PBS Digital Studios, whereupon she began working on content creation full-time. Cowern won Best Web Personality at the 2018 Webby Awards and was included in the 2019 Forbes 30 under 30. She developed long COVID in July 2022, becoming housebound and unable to produce videos.
Karen Boyle
Karen Elizabeth Boyle (born 22 October 1971), is Professor of Feminist Media Studies at the University of Strathclyde, previously she was professor of Feminist Studies at the University of Stirling, and before that was a lecturer in film and television studies at the University of Glasgow. She has published a number of articles on feminism, violence and pornography.

Boyle sits on the editorial boards of both Feminist Media Studies, and Sexualization, Media, and Society.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
C. A. White
Sir Charles Arnold White (1858 – 6 September 1931) was a British lawyer and judge who served as 5th chief justice of Madras High Court in British India. He was born in 1858 to Thomas John White of Bowdon, Cheshire and educated at New College, Oxford, from where he completed his graduation in 1881 and was called to the bar in 1883.

White served as the Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency and ex-officio member of the Madras Legislative Council from 1898 to 1899. He resigned in 1899 following his appointment as Chief Justice of the Madras High Court. In 1914, he was appointed to the Council of India as Vice Chancellor of the University of Madras.

White was made a Knight Bachelor in 1900.

Advocate general
An advocate general of a state is a senior officer of the law. In some common law and hybrid jurisdictions the officer performs the function of a legal advisor to the government, analogous to attorneys general in other common law and hybrid jurisdictions. By contrast, in the European Union and some continental European jurisdictions, the officer is a neutral legal advisor to the courts.
Saw Lat of Pagan
Saw Lat (Burmese: စောလတ်, pronounced [sɔ́ laʔ]) was a queen consort of kings Naratheinkha and Sithu II of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar (Burma).

Royal chronicles do not agree on her ancestry. According to Maha Yazawin (1724), she was the younger of the two daughters of Yazathu and Eindawthe, niece of queens Taung Pyinthe and Khin U. But Yazawin Thit (1798) says she was a younger sister of Queen Min Aung Myat. Hmannan Yazawin (1832) sides with Maha Yazawin's account.

The queen had a daughter with Naratheinkha but their child died in the early 1170s during the reign of Naratheinkha. She died during the reign of Sithu II (after the death of Queen Weluwaddy in 1186), and was succeeded by another queen as the Queen of the Northern Palace.

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Golf on TNT Sports
TNT was the long-running holder of cable rights to the PGA Championship (with full coverage of the first two rounds and early coverage of the weekend rounds since 1999 after being on sister channel TBS since 1991) under a contract with the PGA of America. From 2003 to 2009, TNT also held the cable rights to The Open Championship.

The channel has generally only carried major competitions, as opposed to the other week-to-week tournaments which are under the auspices of the PGA Tour, an organization which is independent of the PGA of America.

Since 2020, TNT Sports has televised The Match, a series of exhibition matches with top professional golfers and professional athletes from other sports.

2003 Open Championship
The 2003 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 132nd Open Championship, held from 17 to 20 July at Royal St George's Golf Club in Sandwich, England. Ben Curtis won his only major title, one stroke ahead of runners-up Thomas Bjørn and Vijay Singh. Bjørn had led in the final round by two shots with three holes to play, but needed three attempts to play out of a greenside bunker on the 16th hole. Playing in his first major championship and number 396 in the world rankings, Curtis became the first debut winner at The Open since Tom Watson in 1975.
Matanzas Inlet
Matanzas Inlet is a channel in Florida between two barrier islands and the mainland, connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the south end of the Matanzas River. It is 14 miles (23 km) south of St. Augustine, in the southern part of St. Johns County. The inlet is not stabilized by jetties, and thus is subject to shifting. It is the last remaining natural or undredged inlet on the Atlantic coast of Florida.

Historic maps made by Spanish military engineers in the 18th century show that the inlet today has moved many hundreds of yards south of its location during the time of the Spanish Empire. In 1740, a British invasion force from Fort Frederica, Georgia blockaded this inlet, the southernmost access for boat travel between St. Augustine and Havana, Cuba. Shortly thereafter, in 1742, a coquina stone tower 50 feet (15 m) square by 30 feet (9.1 m) high, now called Fort Matanzas, was built by the Spanish authorities in Florida to safeguard this strategic inlet.

St. Johns County, Florida
St. Johns County is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 273,425. The county seat and most populous incorporated city is St. Augustine, although the nearby community, St. Johns, has a higher population. St. Johns County is part of the Jacksonville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The county was established in 1821. It is one of the two original counties established after Florida was ceded to the United States, at the start of the Florida Territorial period, and corresponded roughly to the former colonial province of East Florida. It was named for the St. Johns River, which runs along its western border.

St. Johns County primarily comprises residential bedroom communities for those who commute to Jacksonville. Tourism, primarily associated with St. Augustine and the many golf courses in the area, is the chief economic industry.
Šelešovice
Šelešovice is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Šelešovice lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Kroměříž, 23 km (14 mi) west of Zlín, and 231 km (144 mi) south-east of Prague.

Zlín Region
Zlín Region (Czech: Zlínský kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-eastern part of the historical region of Moravia. It is named after its capital Zlín. Together with the Olomouc Region, it forms a cohesion area of Central Moravia. It is located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, where the borders with Slovakia (Trenčín and Žilina Regions) are formed by its eastern edge. It borders the South Moravian Region in the southwest, the Olomouc Region in the northwest, and the Moravian-Silesian Region in the north. Culturally, the region is composed of parts of three traditional Moravian regions: Haná, the Moravian Slovakia, and the Moravian Wallachia, as the city of Zlín lies roughly at their tripoint.
Nicholas Buzacott
Nicholas James Buzacott (23 February 1866 – 10 June 1933) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Clare in South Australia, the son of farmer Richard Buzacott and Margaret McKinnon. He worked as a wheelwright, before moving to Broken Hill around 1888, where he worked as a coach builder. He was a local alderman from 1898 to 1899 and was a contributor to the labour press. In 1899 he was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council as a Labor member, moving to Sydney where he established a real estate business. He left the Labor Party in the 1916 split over conscription, and joined the Nationalist Party. From 1918 to 1924 he was an alderman at Newtown (mayor in 1924), and from 1928 to 1931 at Canterbury. Buzacott died at Ashbury in 1933. His brother Richard was a senator from Western Australia.

Canterbury, New South Wales
Canterbury is a suburb in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Canterbury is located 10.5 kilometres (6.5 mi) south-west of the Sydney central business district in the City of Canterbury Bankstown.

The former City of Canterbury took its name from the suburb, however its administrative centre was located in the adjacent suburb of Campsie, which is also a large commercial centre.
Sir Henry Craik, 1st Baronet
Sir Henry Craik, 1st Baronet, KCB, PC (18 October 1846 – 16 March 1927) was a Scottish Unionist politician.

He was appointed as a junior examiner of the Committee of Council on Education in 1871 and promoted,  in 1878, to the position of Senior examiner until 1885. In this year Scotland got an independent Committee of Council on Education known as the Scotch Education Department. Craik was appointed as its secretary, a post he held from 1885 to 1904. In October 1901 he received a degree in law (LL.D.) from the University of St Andrews.

He was an elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities from 1906 to 1918, and for the Combined Scottish Universities from 1918 until his death in 1927.

He was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1888, and promoted to Knight Commander (KCB) in 1897. He was made a Privy Councillor in 1918, and in the New Year Honours List 1926, he was made a baronet, of Kennoway, in the County of Fife.

Kennoway
Kennoway is a village in Fife, Scotland, near the larger population centres in the area of Leven and Methil. It had an estimated population of 
4,570 in 2020. It is about three miles inland from the Firth of Forth, north of Leven. This position gave it importance in the old days while travelling by coach, for the stage road ran through Kennoway from the ferry at Pettycur, through Ceres, and on to St Andrews. The street known as "The Causeway" was also added to part of the Fife Pilgrim Way in 2019 due ties with St Kenneth, the Causeway being part of one of the designated conservation areas by Fife Council
Rychnov na Moravě
Rychnov na Moravě (German: Reichenau) is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Rychnov na Moravě lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Svitavy, 66 km (41 mi) east of Pardubice, and 161 km (100 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice Region
Pardubice Region (Czech: Pardubický kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from Český Brod to the Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital Hradec Králové). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000.
Nitrogen laser
A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet range (typically 337.1 nm) using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, pumped by an electrical discharge.

The wall-plug efficiency of the nitrogen laser is low, typically 0.1% or less, though nitrogen lasers with efficiency of up to 3% have been reported in the literature. The wall-plug efficiency is the product of the following three efficiencies:

electrical: TEA laser

gain medium: This is the same for all nitrogen lasers and thus has to be at least 3%
inversion by electron impact is 10 to 1 due to Franck–Condon principle
energy lost in the lower laser level: 40%

optical: More stimulated emission than spontaneous emission

Franck–Condon principle
The Franck–Condon principle describes the intensities of vibronic transitions, or the absorption or emission of a photon. It states that when a molecule is undergoing an electronic transition, such as ionization, the nuclear configuration of the molecule experiences no significant change.
Ust-Kuyga Airport
Ust-Kuyga Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Усть-Куйга) (IATA: UKG, ICAO: UEBT) is an airport serving the urban locality of Ust-Kuyga, Ust-Yansky District, in the Sakha Republic of Russia. It is located near the Arctic Circle.

Ust-Yansky District
Ust-Yansky District (Russian: Усть-Я́нский улу́с; Yakut: Усуйаана улууһа, romanized: Usuyaana uluuha, Yakut pronunciation: [usujaːna uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic in the Yana River delta on the coast of the Laptev Sea and borders with Allaikhovsky and Abyysky Districts in the east, Momsky District in the south, Verkhoyansky District in the southwest, and with Bulunsky District in the west. The area of the district is 120,300 square kilometers (46,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Deputatsky. Population: 6,810 (2021 Census); 8,056 (2010 Census); 10,009 (2002 Census); 41,265 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Deputatsky accounts for 37.0% of the district's total population.
Nathan Divinsky
Nathan Joseph Harry Divinsky (October 29, 1925 – June 17, 2012) was a Canadian mathematician, university professor, chess master, writer, and politician. Divinsky was also known for being the former husband of the 19th prime minister of Canada, Kim Campbell. Divinsky and Campbell were married from 1972 to 1983.

Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.
Margrit Conrad
Margrit Conrad (21 September 1918 – 2 August 2005) was a Swiss contralto in opera and concert.

Conrad was born in Lucerne. She studied at the conservatory of Zürich with Ria Ginster. She recorded Bach cantatas with Diethard Hellmann. She died in Baden, aged 86.

Diethard Hellmann
Diethard Hellmann (28 December 1928 – 14 October 1999) was a German Kantor, composer and academic teacher, first in Leipzig at the Friedenskirche and the Musikhochschule, then from 1955 in Mainz at the Christuskirche and the Peter Cornelius Conservatory, finally in Munich where he was president of the Musikhochschule München from 1981 to 1988. He was known for a weekly Bach cantata in Mainz, broadcast by SWR.
Pony (Orville Peck album)
Pony is the debut studio album by South African country musician Orville Peck, released on March 22, 2019 by Sub Pop. A country, alternative country, and cowboy pop album, Pony features elements of goth, dream pop, shoegaze, indie rock, surf rock, post-punk, gospel folk.

Pony was named to the initial longlist for the 2019 Polaris Music Prize in June 2019. The album also received a Juno Award nomination for Alternative Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2020.

Juno Awards of 2020
The Juno Awards of 2020, the 49th Juno Awards, was an awards presentation that was to be held at SaskTel Centre in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan on 15 March 2020. The awards and associated events were cancelled due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, making it the first Juno Awards since 1988 to be cancelled. The award winners were announced on 29 June 2020 in an online event.
Kathleen Collins (scientist)
Kathleen Collins is an American RNA biologist and professor at the University of California, Berkeley. Her research considers telomerase RNA structure and telomere function, and eukaryotic transposable elements. In 2020 she was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Telomerase RNA component
Telomerase RNA component (TERC), also abbreviated TER or TR, is a non-coding RNA found in eukaryotes that is a component of the telomerase enzyme, which extends telomeres at the ends of linear chromosomes. TERC folds into a complex secondary structure which binds to and interacts with TERT, the protein component of telomerase, and serves as the RNA template for the reverse transcription reaction catalyzed by TERT. Telomerase RNAs differ greatly in length, sequence and structure between vertebrates, ciliates and yeasts, but they share a 5' pseudoknot structure close to the template sequence; vertebrate telomerase RNAs also share a 3' H/ACA snoRNA-like domain.
Malino, Russia
Malino (Russian: Малино) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Malino, Moscow Oblast, a work settlement in Stupinsky District of Moscow Oblast

Rural localities

Malino, Ryazan Oblast, a village in Fedotyevsky Rural Okrug of Spassky District of Ryazan Oblast

Malino, Tver Oblast, a village in Kesovogorsky District of Tver Oblast

Malino, Ferapontovsky Selsoviet, Kirillovsky District, Vologda Oblast, a village in Ferapontovsky Selsoviet of Kirillovsky District of Vologda Oblast

Malino, Sukhoverkhovsky Selsoviet, Kirillovsky District, Vologda Oblast, a village in Sukhoverkhovsky Selsoviet of Kirillovsky District of Vologda Oblast

Malino, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Krutovsky Rural Okrug of Pervomaysky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Spassky District, Ryazan Oblast
Spassky District (Russian: Спа́сский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,684 square kilometers (1,036 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Spassk-Ryazansky. Population: 30,388 (2010 Census);  34,024 (2002 Census); 41,458 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Spassk-Ryazansky accounts for 25.5% of the district's total population.
Cumberland Council
Cumberland Council is the local authority for Cumberland, a local government district in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. The council has been under Labour majority control since its creation 2023. Full council meetings are usually held at Carlisle Civic Centre and the main offices are at Cumbria House in Carlisle. The council is a constituent member of Cumbria Combined Authority.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Ramachandrapuram, Telangana
Ramachandrapuram (RC PURAM) is a neighbourhood of Hyderabad, Telangana, India and also a part of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation and Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority .previously It was a part of Erstwhile Medak district it is now a part of Sangareddy district.

Medak district
Medak district is located in the western region of the Indian state of Telangana. Medak is the district headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Sangareddy, Kamareddy, Siddipet and Medchal-Malkajgiri districts.
Abu Al-Khaseeb
Abu Al-Khaseeb (sometimes spelled Abu Al-Khasib) is a town in Abu Al-Khaseeb District, Basra Governorate, southern Iraq. Its name means "The rich area - agricultural", referring to the fertile Shatt Al-Arab river. It is an agricultural town, well known for its date palm farms on the river. Its population is predominantly Shia Arab. Abu Al-Khaseeb has long been a traditional center for boat-building of the mashoof canoes that are widely used by the Marsh Arabs.

Basra Governorate
The Basra Governorate (Arabic: محافظة البصرة‎ Muḥāfaẓa al-Baṣra), also called Basra Province, is a governorate in southern Iraq bordering Kuwait to the south and Iran to the east. The capital is the city of Basra, located in the Basrah district. Other districts of Basra include Al-Qurna, Al-Zubair, Al-Midaina, Shatt Al-Arab, Abu Al-Khaseeb and Al-Faw located on the Persian Gulf. It is the only governorate with a coastline.
Desire Lines
Desire Lines is the fifth album released by Scottish indie pop band Camera Obscura. The album was released on 3 June 2013 on the 4AD record label. It was recorded in Portland, Oregon with producer Tucker Martine, and features guest vocals from Neko Case and My Morning Jacket's Jim James. It is the last album recorded with keyboardist Carey Lander, who was diagnosed with osteosarcoma during the early stages of the album's creation in 2011. Though lead singer Tracyanne Campbell found it difficult to write songs during Lander's illness, the latter insisted that the album be finished. After completing the album and touring with the band in support of it, Lander died on 11 October 2015.

Under the Radar (magazine)
Under the Radar is an American music magazine that features interviews with accompanying photo-shoots. Each issue includes opinion and commentary of the indie music scene as well as reviews of books, DVDs, and albums. The magazine posts web-exclusive interviews and reviews on its website.

Items are reviewed based on a rating system in which each album, book, and DVD receives a rating from 1 to 10. The magazine has been in publication since late 2001 and is issued three times per year.

The magazine was founded by co-publishers (and husband and wife) Mark Redfern and Wendy Lynch Redfern, who currently run the magazine. Mark is the magazine's Senior Editor and writes many of the magazine's articles. Wendy is the Creative Director and lays out each issue. She is also a music photographer and conducts photo-shoots for the magazine, including many of its covers.