hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gürpınar, Van
Gürpınar (Kurdish: Payizawa/Xawesor, Armenian: Հայոց Ձոր, romanized: Hayots' Dzor) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey. With an area of 4,028 km2 (1,555 sq mi), Gürpınar is the second-largest district of Turkey, after Karaman District. Its population is 31,865 (2022).

The town Gürpınar is located 20 km (12 mi) south of the provincial capital Van.  The district has several places of historical interest. The current mayor is Hayrullah Tanış from the Justice and Development Party (AKP). The current kaymakam Fatih Sayar was appointed in August 2019.

Van Province
Van Province (Turkish: Van ili, Kurdish: Parezgêha Wanê, Armenian: Վանի մարզ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. Its area is 20,921 km2, and its population is 1,128,749 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis to the west, Siirt to the southwest, Şırnak and Hakkâri to the south, and Ağrı to the north. The capital of the province is the city of Van, with a population of 525,016 as of 2022. The second-largest city is Erciş, with 92,945 inhabitants in 2022. The province was part of ancient province of Vaspurakan and is considered to be one of the cradles of Armenian civilization. Before the Armenian genocide, Van Province was one of the six Armenian vilayets. A majority of the population of the province is Kurdish and considered part of Turkish Kurdistan.
2-oxoglutarate synthase
In enzymology, 2-oxoglutarate synthase (EC 1.2.7.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The substrates of this enzyme are succinyl-CoA, reduced ferredoxin, carbon dioxide and two protons. Its products are 2-oxoglutaric acid, coenzyme A, and oxidized ferredoxin. This reaction is part of the reverse Krebs cycle, as a means of carbon fixation.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (decarboxylating). Other names in common use include 2-ketoglutarate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, KGOR, 2-oxoglutarate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin 2-oxidoreductase (CoA-succinylating).  In the direction from 2-oxoglutaric acid to succinyl-CoA the enzyme is part of the citric acid cycle.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Aphonopelma phasmus
Aphonopelma phasmus is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae. It is only known from a single adult male collected near the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon National Park in Coconino County, Arizona. The female is unknown.

Coconino County, Arizona
Coconino County is a county in the  North-Central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. Its population was 145,101 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Flagstaff. The county takes its name from Cohonino, a name applied to the Havasupai people. It is the second-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, behind San Bernardino County, California. It has 18,661 sq mi (48,332 km2), or 16.4% of Arizona's total area, and is larger than the nine smallest states in the U.S.

Coconino County comprises the Flagstaff metropolitan statistical area, Grand Canyon National Park, the federally recognized Havasupai Nation, and parts of the federally recognized Navajo, Hualapai, and Hopi nations. As a result, its relatively large Native American population makes up nearly 30% of the county's total population; it is mostly Navajo, with smaller numbers of other tribes.

The county was the setting for George Herriman's early 20th-century Krazy Kat comic strip.
Hitachi High-Tech Cougars
The Hitachi High-Tech Cougars (Japanese: 日立ハイテク クーガーズ; formerly the Hitachi High-Technologies Cougars) are a professional basketball club based in Hitachinaka, Ibaraki, playing in the Women's Japan Basketball League. From 2024 they play in the upper “W-League Premier”, after the women’s league is split into two divisions.

Hitachinaka, Ibaraki
Hitachinaka (ひたちなか市, Hitachinaka-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 154,663 in 64,900 households and a population density of 1547 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 26.1%. The total area of the city is 99.96 square kilometres (38.59 sq mi). It is a "hiragana city", the place name is written with the hiragana syllabary and not the traditional kanji.
Kerry Blue Terrier
The Kerry Blue Terrier or Irish Blue Terrier (Irish: An Brocaire Gorm) is an Irish breed of dog of terrier type. It was originally bred to control vermin including rats, rabbits, badgers, ferrets, foxes, otters, hares, deer and wolves, but later became a general working dog used for a variety of jobs including herding cattle and sheep.

A Kerry Blue won "Best In Show" at Crufts in 2000. In the twenty-first century it is an endangered breed.

Vermin
Vermin (colloquially varmint(s) or varmit(s)) are pests or nuisance animals that spread diseases and destroy crops, livestock, and property. Since the term is defined in relation to human activities, which species are included vary by region and enterprise.

The term derives from the Latin vermis (worm), and was originally used for the worm-like larvae of certain insects, many of which infest foodstuffs. The term varmint (and vermint) has been found in sources from c. 1530–1540s.
Francis Dickinson (1632–1704)
Captain Francis Dickinson (1632–1704) was a soldier who participated in the English invasion of Jamaica in 1655.

Francis was born in Appleton, in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). He was the son of Rev. William Dickinson, Rector of St Lawrence's Church there, and younger brother of Edmund Dickinson (1624–1707), the physician and alchemist. Family tradition maintains that Dickinson received 6,000 acres of land in Jamaica as reward for his part in seizing the island for the English.

Appleton, Oxfordshire
Appleton is a village in the civil parish of Appleton-with-Eaton, about 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Abingdon. Appleton was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census recorded Appleton-with-Eaton's parish population as 915.
Sayakbay Karalaev
Sayakbay Karalaev (Kyrgyz: Саякбай Каралаев; 1894 – 7 May 1971) was a Soviet and Kyrgyz storyteller and manaschi - a reciter of the epic Kyrgyz poem Manas.

His famed variant of the Manas trilogy - Manas, his son Semetey, grandson Seitek - is said to total over 500,000 lines.

He was the first official manaschi of the Frunze Philarmonia, and received a monthly salary. His version of the Manas trilogy was collected 1936-1952.

A critical edition of his version was attempted, under the editorship of Chingiz Aitmatov in the late 1980s; later, arguably complete editions of Manas, Semetey, and Seitek appeared in the early 2010s. A CD of recorded performances appeared in 2007.

A French translation of his recitation of the epic Er Töshtük was published in 1965.

He was the subject of a biographical feature film: Sayakbay - Homer of the 20th Century (dir. Ernest Abdyjaparov).

Kyrgyz people
The Kyrgyz people are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia. They primarily reside in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, China, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. A Kyrgyz diaspora is also found in Russia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. They speak the Kyrgyz language, which is the official language of Kyrgyzstan.

The earliest people known as "Kyrgyz" were the descendants of several Central Asian tribes, first emerging in western Mongolia around 201 BC. Modern Kyrgyz people are descended in part from the Yenisei Kyrgyz that lived in the Yenisey river valley in Siberia. The Kyrgyz people were constituents of the Tiele people, the Göktürks, and the Uyghur Khaganate before establishing the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate in the 9th century, and later a Kyrgyz khanate in the 15th century.
Hypnotica (Benny Benassi album)
Hypnotica is the debut studio album by Italian DJ and producer Benny Benassi. Released in 2003 under the name "Benny Benassi presents The Biz", with The Biz consisting of singers/dancers Paul French and Violeta Bratu, the album reached the top five in the French album charts. For fusing 1980s styles with his electronic music, Hypnotica is considered a landmark electro house album, as it successfully incorporates both sounds found in electroclash and many elements of house music consistently. Multiple singles were released from the album, such as "Satisfaction", "No Matter What You Do", "Love Is Gonna Save Us" and "Able to Love".

Electroclash
Electroclash (also known as synthcore, retro-electro, tech-pop, nouveau disco, and the new new wave) is a genre of popular music that fuses 1980s electro, new wave and synth-pop with 1990s techno, retro-style electropop and electronic dance music. It emerged in the late 1990s and was pioneered by and associated with acts such as I-F, DJ Hell, Miss Kittin and The Hacker, and Fischerspooner.
Samsung Training Center
The Samsung Training Center (Korean: 삼성 트레이닝 센터) is training & rehabilitation center of Samsung Sports. It is located in Samsung Life Human Center, Yongin.
It is lived for Seoul Samsung Thunders, Daejeon Samsung Bluefangs, Yongin Samsung Blueminx, Samsung Life Table Tennis Club, Samsung Life Wrestling Club, Samsung S1 Taekwondo Club. and It is used for all Samsung Sports teams. It has the area of 24,476.7 m2.

Samsung Life Insurance
Samsung Life Insurance (Korean: 삼성생명보험) is a South Korean multinational insurance company headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, and a subsidiary of the Samsung Group. It is the largest insurance company in South Korea and a Fortune Global 500 company.

Samsung Life's principal products include life, health insurance and annuities. Samsung Life was a private company from its foundation in 1957 until it went public in May 2010. The IPO was the largest in South Korean history and made Samsung Life one of the country's most valuable companies measured by market capitalization. Its headquarters are situated across from Namdaemun, a historic gate located in the heart of Seoul.
Gian Friesecke
Gian Friesecke (born 26 November 1994) is a Swiss racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Swiss Racing Academy. He rode for Team Vorarlberg Santic in the men's team time trial event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships.

2018 UCI Road World Championships – Men's team time trial
The Men's team time trial of the 2018 UCI Road World Championships was a cycling event that took place on 23 September 2018 in Innsbruck, Austria. It was the 34th edition of the championship, and the 7th since its reintroduction for trade teams in 2012. German team Team Sunweb were the defending champions, having won in 2017. 22 teams and 132 riders entered the competition.

The race was won for the first time since 2016 by Quick-Step Floors, finishing 18.46 seconds clear of the defending champions, Team Sunweb, while the BMC Racing Team completed the podium, a further 1.09 seconds in arrears.
Yoesden
Yoesden, often known as Yoesden Bank, is a 13-hectare (32-acre) nature reserve in Bledlow Ridge in Buckinghamshire. It is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust. It is in the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The site has areas of woodland and grassland. The steeply sloping chalk meadow has many species of butterfly, including three scarce blue species, the Adonis, chalkhill and small blue. There are flowers such as common spotted and fragrant orchids. Beech woodland above the chalk bank supports great spotted woodpeckers and red kites, and lower woodland has beech and yews.

There is access by a footpath from Chinnor Road near the Boot public house. The Chiltern Way goes through the site.

Red kite
The red kite (Milvus milvus) is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as eagles, buzzards, and harriers. The species currently breeds only in Europe, though it formerly also bred in West Asia and Northwest Africa. Historically, it was only resident in the milder parts of its range in Western Europe and Northwestern Africa, whereas all or most red kites in Northern mainland Europe wintered to the south and west, some also reaching western Asia, but an increasing number of northern birds now remain in that region year-round. Vagrants have reached north to Finland and south to Israel, Libya and the Gambia.
Honeywill and Stein Ltd v Larkin Brothers Ltd
Honeywill and Stein Ltd v Larkin Brothers Ltd [1934] 1 KB 191 is an English tort law case, establishing that employers may be vicariously liable for damage done by their independent contractors, where they carry out 'extra-hazardous' activities. Generally, employers are only vicariously liable for the torts of their employees, and not for those of independent contractors. However, a non-delegable duty may be imposed on an employer where they contract for inherently dangerous activities to be undertaken.

Vicarious liability
Vicarious liability is a form of a  strict, secondary liability that arises under the common law doctrine of agency, respondeat superior, the responsibility of the superior for the acts of their subordinate or, in a broader sense, the responsibility of any third party that had the "right, ability, or duty to control" the activities of a violator. It can be distinguished from contributory liability, another form of secondary liability, which is rooted in the tort theory of enterprise liability because, unlike contributory infringement, knowledge is not an element of vicarious liability. The law has developed the view that some relationships by their nature require the person who engages others to accept responsibility for the wrongdoing of those others. The most important such relationship for practical purposes is that of employer and employee.
The Street Album
The Street Album is the third studio album by American rapper The Jacka. It includes guest appearances from Keak da Sneak, Messy Marv, The Federation & Dem Hoodstarz, amongst other artists. The Street Album peaked at #80 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

Music videos have been filmed for the songs "Wit the S**t" featuring J-Diggs & Joe Blow, "Aspen", "All Over Me" featuring Dem Hoodstarz, Messy Marv, Keak da Sneak & Fed-X and "F**k Everybody".

Mob Figaz
Mob Figaz is a Bay Area hip hop group formed by C-Bo in 1997. The members consist of Husalah, Rydah J. Klyde, and The Jacka from Pittsburg; Fed-X from Richmond; and AP.9 from Oakland, California.

Their first album, C-Bo's Mob Figaz, was a minor success, reaching #63 on Billboard's Top R&B Albums chart. On February 2, 2015, Mob Figaz member The Jacka was fatally shot by an unidentified gunman in Oakland.
Hypochalcia ahenella
Hypochalcia ahenella is a species of snout moth in the genus Hypochalcia. It was described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775 and is known from most of Europe, Turkey, and Texas in the US.

The wingspan is 23–32 mm. Adults are on wing from May to the end of August.

The larvae probably feed on Helianthemum species and/or Artemisia campestris.

Helianthemum
Helianthemum (/ˌhiːliˈænθɪməm/), known as rock rose, sunrose, rushrose, or frostweed, is a genus of about 110 species of flowering plants in the family Cistaceae. They are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, especially in the Mediterranean.

New World species formerly classified as Helianthemum have been transferred to genus Crocanthemum.
Bareggio
Bareggio (Lombard: Baregg [baˈreːtʃ]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Milan.

Bareggio borders the following municipalities: Pregnana Milanese, Cornaredo, Sedriano, Cusago, Cisliano.

Lombard language
The Lombard language (Lombard: lombard, lumbard, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: [lumˈbaːrt, lomˈbart]) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages. It is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland.  These include most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. The language is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo, in Italy.
Doi Ian
Doi Ian (Thai: ดอยเอียน) is a mountain in Thailand, part of the Phi Pan Nam Range, at the southeastern end of Chiang Rai Province limit near the point where the limit of this province meets with the northern end of Phayao Province, nine km from the border with Laos.

Chiang Rai province
Chiang Rai (Thai: เชียงราย, pronounced [tɕʰīaŋ rāːj]; Northern Thai: ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ, pronounced [tɕīaŋ hāːj])  is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces that lies in upper northern Thailand and is Thailand's northernmost province. It is bordered by the Shan State of Myanmar to the north, Bokeo province of Laos to the east, Phayao to the south, Lampang to the southwest, and Chiang Mai to the west. The province is linked to Houayxay, Laos by the Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge that spans the Mekong.
1932 Buffalo Bulls football team
The 1932 Buffalo Bulls football team was an American football team that represented the University at Buffalo as an independent during the 1932 college football season. In their first season under head coach James B. Wilson, the Bulls compiled a 1–5–1 record and were outscored by a total of 208 to 19. The team played its home games at Rotary Field in Buffalo, New York.

1932 college football season
The 1932 college football season saw the Michigan Wolverines win the Knute Rockne Memorial Trophy as national champion under the math-based Dickinson System.  Because the "Big Nine" conference didn't permit its teams to play in the postseason, however, the Wolverines were not able to accept a bid to the Rose Bowl. As such, the Pasadena game matched the No. 2 and No. 3 teams, USC and Pittsburgh, with the USC Trojans winning the east–west matchup 35–0. The other four contemporary math system selectors (the Boand, Dunkel, Houlgate, and Williamson Systems) all selected USC as national champion. This was also the last season NFL would use college football rules.
Lyall Powers
Lyall H. Powers (July 13, 1924 – May 15, 2018) was a professor of English at the University of Michigan, where he taught since 1958. He was granted emeritus status by the University's Regents during their October 1992 meeting.

Powers wrote widely on modern American authors, and with Leon Edel, edited the complete notebooks of Henry James (Oxford University Press, 1987). One of his most widely circulated books is Alien Heart (University of Manitoba Press, 2005), a biography of Canadian author Margaret Laurence.  A lifelong friend of Laurence, Powers met her when they were students together in the 1940s. The book is described as "the first full-length biography of Margaret Laurence that combines personal knowledge and insights about Laurence with a study of her work".

Powers' archives are held at the University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections.

Margaret Laurence
Jean Margaret Laurence CC (née Wemyss; July 18, 1926 – January 5, 1987) was a Canadian novelist and short story writer, and is one of the major figures in Canadian literature. She was also a founder of the Writers' Trust of Canada, a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada's writing community.
Praed Point Battery
Praed Point Battery was a coastal-defence installation at Praed Point, East New Britain, Papua New Guinea during World War II. It was built in 1941 by Royal Australian Engineers of Lark Force, together with 'L' Coastal Defence Battery of the Royal Australian Artillery. The battery defended St. George's Channel and the approaches to Blanche Bay.

Because of the topography of Praed Point, the guns were located at different levels down the hillside. The battery was commanded  by Major James Rowland Purcell Clark, and was equipped with two six-inch Mk. VII naval guns, formerly from Wallace Battery, and two H.C.D. 90cm Mk VI searchlights.

The battery was destroyed on 22 January 1942 during a Japanese air raid, with the upper gun being blown off its mount and sliding down the slope, knocking out the lower gun emplacement. Eleven men were killed in the attack.

Royal Australian Engineers
The Royal Australian Engineers (RAE) is the military engineering corps of the Australian Army. The RAE is ranked fourth in seniority of the corps of the Australian Army, behind the Staff Cadets, Armoured and Artillery Corps. The corps was formed by the amalgamation of the various colonial engineer corps of the states and territories of Australia in 1902 and since then has served in various conflicts including World War I, World War II and the Vietnam War. The corps has also served on numerous peacekeeping operations and was heavily involved in the Australian contribution to the war in Afghanistan.
Nopola
Nopola (officially Kyyjärven kirkonkylä; lit. 'Kyyjärvi church village') is the administrative center of the Kyyjärvi municipality in Central Finland, Finland, and also its only urban area with a population of over 600 inhabitants.

The village is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Kyyjärvi as Highway 13 passes through the village near the lake. It has a stone church built in 1953. Near the intersection of Highways 13 and 16 is the Paletti shopping center, completed in 1999. Other services in the village include a municipal library, an elementary school, and a fire station. The Nopola News, which provides local news, has been operating from the village since 2005.

Kyyjärvi Camping, which offers accommodation, is located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of the village center on the lakeshore.

Finnish national road 13
The Finnish national road 13 (Finnish: Valtatie 13, Swedish: Riksväg 13) is a highway in Finland. The highway connects the communities of Kokkola and Lappeenranta via Jyväskylä. From Nuijamaa, which is now part of Lappeenranta, the road continues after the Russian border all the way to Vyborg.
Lincolnshire County Council
Lincolnshire County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Lincolnshire in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the latter additionally includes North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire which are both unitary authorities and therefore independent from the county council.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.