hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glasgow College of Nautical Studies
Glasgow College of Nautical Studies was a further education college of nautical and maritime studies, and a provider of marine and offshore training courses. On 26 March 2009, it was announced that the college would merge with the Central College and Glasgow Metropolitan College. In 2010, the merger was completed the college was absorbed into the City of Glasgow College. Degree courses, in subjects including Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, were offered in association with the University of Strathclyde.

The college's main building was located on Thistle Street on the south bank of the River Clyde in central Glasgow in western Scotland. The college motto was 'Nautical and So Much More' which tried to encapsulate the breadth of courses offered.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
HMCS Louisburg
Two ships of the Royal Canadian Navy have been named HMCS Louisburg :

HMCS Louisburg (K143) (I) was a Flower-class corvette that served in the Battle of the Atlantic before being sunk in 1943.

HMCS Louisburg (K401) (II) was a modified Flower-class corvette that served in the Battle of the Atlantic from 1943 to 1945.

HMCS Louisburg (K401)
HMCS Louisburg was a modified Flower-class corvette that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She fought primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic as a convoy escort. She was named for Louisburg, Nova Scotia. She was the second ship named for the town, the first having been sunk earlier in the war. She was sold to the Dominican Navy after the war.
Order of Port Royal
47°52′24″N 10°34′26″E﻿ / ﻿47.873393°N 10.5738286°E﻿ / 47.873393; 10.5738286﻿ (St. Severin's Abbey)

The Order of Port Royal (German: Orden von Port Royal) is an Old Catholic religious order in the Cistercian tradition whose motherhouse is St. Severin's Abbey in Kaufbeuren, Germany. Professed monks use the post-nominal letters OPR. At Kaufbeuren there are four resident monks, one hermit, one nonresident sister, and several lay oblates. The order has no other abbeys, but has at various times claimed individual friars in Ebenweiler, Dresden and Korschenbroich in Germany; Port-au-Prince, Haiti; Brownwood, Texas; Kumbo, Cameroon; and Karlskrona, Sweden.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
USS Gulfport
USS Gulfport has been the name of two ships in the United States Navy.

USS Gulfport (AK-5) was a German vessel that was seized by the United States upon its entrance into World War I.

USS Gulfport (PF-20), a Tacoma-class frigate.

Tacoma-class frigate
The Tacoma class was a class of 96 patrol frigates which served in the United States Navy during World War II and the Korean War. Originally classified as gunboats (PG), they were reclassified as patrol frigates (PF) on 15 April 1943. The class is named for its lead ship, Tacoma, a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) S2-S2-AQ1 design, which in turn was named for the city of Tacoma, Washington. Twenty-one ships were transferred to the British Royal Navy, in which they were known as Colony-class frigates, and twenty-eight ships were transferred under Lend-Lease to the Soviet Navy, where they were designated as storozhevoi korabl ("escort ships"), during World War II. All Tacoma-class ships in US service during World War II were manned by United States Coast Guard crews. Tacoma-class ships were transferred to the United States Coast Guard and various navies post-World War II.
Erms
The Erms (German pronunciation: [ɛʁms] ⓘ) is a river of the karstified Swabian Alb range in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Neckar in Neckartenzlingen. On its way from the Karst spring to the next large municipality Bad Urach, a former Erms sedimented, especially during floods, no less than eight valley cataracts, where chemically precipitated travertine repeatedly drops c. 2 to 5 metres (7 to 16 ft).

Precipitation (chemistry)
In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". The solid formed is called the precipitate. In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant.

The liquid remaining above the precipitated or the centrifuged solid phase is also called the supernate or supernatant.
Takeshi Imamura
Takeshi Imamura (Japanese: 今村武志) (1880–1960) was Director of the Karafuto Agency (1932–1938) and Mayor of Sendai (1942–1946). He was a graduate of the University of Tokyo and Tohoku University. He was a member of the Korean History Compilation Committee.

Karafuto Prefecture
Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁, Karafuto-chō; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.ɾa.ɸɯ̥.to]) was established  by the Empire of Japan in 1907 to govern the southern part of Sakhalin. This territory became part of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War, when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded by the  Russian Empire under the Treaty of Portsmouth.

Karafuto Prefecture was established in 1907 to govern Karafuto, which was part of Japan's External Land (Gaichi), until it was incorporated into an Inner Land (Naichi) of the Japanese metropole in April 1943. Ōtomari (Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and Toyohara (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to 1945.

In August 1945, the Japanese administration ceased to function following the Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin. The Soviet Union annexed Karafuto Prefecture, although it continued to exist under Japanese law until Japan formally abolished it in June 1949.
Oxya yezoensis
Oxya yezoensis is a species of rice-field grasshopper native to Japan.: 139  Referred to in Japanese as kobane-inago, it is a popular species of food insect, and is commonly cooked with soy sauce, sugar and sweet wine.

Entomophagy
Entomophagy (/ˌɛntəˈmɒfədʒi/, from Greek ἔντομον éntomon, 'insect', and φαγεῖν phagein, 'to eat') is the practice of eating insects. An alternative term is insectivory.

Entomophagy is sometimes defined to also include the eating of arthropods other than insects, such as arachnids and myriapods; eating arachnids may also be referred to as arachnophagy.
2024 Copa Colsanitas – Singles
Camila Osorio defeated Marie Bouzková in the final, 6–3, 7–6(7–5) to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Copa Colsanitas. It was her second title at her home event, after her victory in 2021.

Tatjana Maria was the two-time defending champion, but she lost to Osorio in the quarterfinals.

Marina Stakusic
Marina Stakusic (Serbian Cyrillic: Марина Стакушић, romanized: Marina Stakušić; born 27 November 2004) is a Canadian professional tennis player.
She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 114, achieved on 24 February 2025, and a best doubles ranking of No. 448, reached on 14 August 2023. Stakusic was a member of the Canadian team which won the 2023 Billie Jean King Cup. She has won one WTA 125 singles title as well as four singles titles and one doubles title on the ITF circuit.
IM-250
IM-250 is an anti-herpetic drug candidate developed by Innovative Molecules Gmbh. The drug was conceived by a chemist at the company, who hypothesized that swapping the sulfonamide functional group of pritelivir for a sulfoximine would reduce off-target effects. In addition, the pyridine ring on pritelivir was changed to a 2,5-difluorobenzene ring to make the drug candidate more likely to enter the central nervous system as herpes can lie dormant within neurons.

Innovative Molecules raised 20 million euro for clinical trials on humans.

Sulfilimine
In chemistry, a sulfilimine (or sulfimide) is a type of chemical compound containing a sulfur-to-nitrogen bond which is often represented as a double bond (S=N). In fact, a double bond violates the octet rule, and the bond may be considered a single bond with a formal charge of +1 on the sulfur and a formal charge of −1 on the nitrogen. The parent compound is sulfilimine H2S=NH, which is mainly of theoretical interest.

Examples include S,S-diphenylsulfilimine and sulfoximines such as methylphenylsulfoximine:

In the case of a sulfoximine, the bonds can be considered single bonds, with formal charges of −1 on both the oxygen and the nitrogen, and a formal charge of +2 on the sulfur.
United Nationalist Democratic Organization
The United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) was the main political multi-party electoral alliance of the traditional political opposition in the Philippines during the turbulent last years of President Ferdinand Marcos in the mid-1980s. Formed in January 1980 as the United Democratic Opposition, it initially comprised eight major and minor political parties and organizations with the main aim of ousting President Marcos through legal political means. In April 1982, the coalition received its present name, and increased its members to twelve parties. Shortly after the August 1983 assassination of popular opposition senator Benigno Aquino Jr., the party was led by Senator Salvador Laurel of Batangas.

Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP; lit. 'Fight of Democratic Filipinos') is a political party in the Philippines founded by Ramon Mitra Jr. and Peping Cojuangco. LDP was more commonly referred to as Laban during its early years.
The Sixth Lie
The Sixth Lie (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese electronic band formed in May 2015 in Tokyo, Japan. Their music is known for its hybrid style inspired by the latest western music, and their overall science fiction-inspired theme connected to near future and outer space.

They held their first world tour from June 2017, which gathered 2,500 visitors and resulted in sold out CD's at venues.

Nutnicha Krusagayavong
Nutnicha Krusagayavong (Thai: ณัฐณิชา ครูศากยวงศ์; born 10 August 1997), nicknamed NistY (Thai: นิสตี้), is a Thai singer-songwriter, rapper, model and actress. She is a member of the Thai musical duo Princess Kill, alongside her older twin sister, NistA Nutnacha.
National Route 13 (Vietnam)
National Route 13 (Vietnamese: Quốc lộ 13) is a highway in southern Vietnam stretching from the northeastern outskirts of Ho Chi Minh City, the commercial centre and most populous region of the country, to the Hoa Lu border gate, the Vietnam-Cambodia border. The highway starts around Thủ Đức on the northern outskirts of Ho Chi Minh City, once the site of the military academy of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, and travels north through the provinces of Bình Dương and Bình Phước. The highway passes through the provincial cities of Thuận An, Thủ Dầu Một; towns of Bến Cát, Chơn Thành, Bình Long; and districts of Đồng Phú, Hớn Quản, Lộc Ninh.

During the Vietnam War the road was nicknamed Thunder Road by US forces.

Đồng Phú district
Đồng Phú is a rural district (huyện) of Bình Phước province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 75,573. The district covers an area of 929 km2 (359 sq mi). The district capital lies at Tân Phú.
Phenylpropiolic acid
Phenylpropiolic acid, C6H5CCCO2H, formed by the action of alcoholic potash on cinnamic acid dibromide, C6H5CHBrCHBrCO2H, crystallizes in long needles or prisms which melt at 136–137 °C. When heated with water to 120 °C, it yields phenylacetylene (C6H5CCH). Chromic acid oxidizes it to benzoic acid; zinc and acetic acid reduce it to cinnamic acid, C6H5CH=CHCO2H, whilst sodium amalgam reduces it to hydrocinnamic acid, C6H5CH2CH2CO2H. Ortho-nitrophenylpropiolic acid, NO2C6H4CCCO2H, prepared by the action of alcoholic potash on ortho-nitrocinnamic acid dibromide, crystallizes in needles which decompose when heated to 155–156 °C. It is readily converted into indigo.

Sodium amalgam
Sodium amalgam, with the common formula Na(Hg), is an alloy of mercury and sodium. The term amalgam is used for alloys, intermetallic compounds, and solutions (both solid solutions and liquid solutions) involving mercury as a major component.  Sodium amalgams are often used in reactions as strong reducing agents with better handling properties compared to solid sodium.  They are less dangerously reactive toward water and in fact are often used as an aqueous suspension.

Sodium amalgam was used as a reagent as early as 1862. A synthesis method was described by J. Alfred Wanklyn in 1866.
2007–08 KFC Cup
The 2007–08 KFC Cup was the 34th edition of the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). The competition was played between 16 and 28 October 2007, with the group stage hosted by Guyana and the play-offs hosted by Barbados.

Eight teams contested the competition – the six regular teams of West Indian domestic cricket (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands), and two development teams (Combined Campuses and Colleges and the West Indies under-19 side). The Combined Campuses were competing for the first team. Jamaica eventually defeated Trinidad and Tobago in the final by 28 runs, winning their seventh domestic one-day title. Earlier in the tournament, the West Indies under-19s had been bowled out for 18 by Barbados, setting a new record for the lowest total in a List A match.

Guyana national cricket team
The Guyana national cricket team is the representative first class cricket team of Guyana. The side does not take part in any international competitions, but rather in inter-regional competitions in the Caribbean, such as the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50), and the best players may be selected for the West Indies team, which plays international cricket and is the only team in the Americas with Test status. Guyana has participated in the South American Cricket Championship for some editions, but were represented by an overage "masters" team. The team competes under the franchise name Guyana Harpy Eagles.

Prominent cricketers who have played for Guyana include Devendra Bishoo, Basil Butcher, Shivnarine Chanderpaul, Colin Croft, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Roger Harper, Carl Hooper, Leon Johnson, Alvin Kallicharran, Rohan Kanhai, Clive Lloyd, Veerasammy Permaul and Ramnaresh Sarwan.
René Marill Albérès
René Marill Albérès, or R. M. Albérès, was the pseudonym of René Marill (10 March 1921 – 25 May 1982), a French writer and literary critic. He published book-length studies of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, André Gide, Gérard de Nerval, Jean Giraudoux, Jean-Paul Sartre, Michel Butor, Franz Kafka, as well as surveys of the novel in twentieth-century European literature.

Gérard de Nerval
Gérard de Nerval (French: [ʒeʁaʁ də nɛʁval]; 22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855), was the pen name of Gérard Labrunie, a French travel writer, essayist, poet, and translator. He was a major figure during the era of French romanticism, and best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection Les Filles du feu (The Daughters of Fire), which included the novella Sylvie and the poem "El Desdichado". Through his translations, Nerval played a major role in introducing French readers to the works of German Romantic authors, including Klopstock, Schiller, Bürger and Goethe. His later work merged poetry and journalism in a fictional context and influenced Marcel Proust. His last novella, Aurélia ou le rêve et la vie, influenced André Breton and Surrealism.
Bikaner–Delhi Sarai Rohilla Intercity Express
The Lalgarh - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Intercity Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways – North Western Railway zone that runs between Lalgarh Junction and Delhi Sarai Rohilla in India.

It operates as train number 22471 from Lalgarh Junction to Delhi Sarai Rohilla and as train number 22472 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi.

Indian locomotive class WDP-4
The Indian locomotive class WDP-4 (EMD GT46PAC) is a passenger-hauling diesel–electric locomotive with AC electric transmission designed by General Motors Electro-Motive Division and built by both GM-EMD and under license by Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW) of Varanasi, India for Indian Railways as the classes WDP4, WDP4B and WDP4D. The GT46PAC is a passenger version of the previous Indian Railways EMD GT46MAC (WDG-4) freight locomotive. The locomotive has a 16-cylinder 710G3B diesel engine and is one of the fastest diesel–electric locomotives in service in Indian Railways.
Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya
Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya (reigned 1423–1424), also known as Bukka Raya III and Vijaya Raya, was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from the Sangama Dynasty.

Vijaya Raya was the son of Deva Raya I and succeeded his brother, Ramachandra Raya, in 1423 as the emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire. Similar to Ramachandra, Vijaya Raya is not known for doing anything significant and his short reign ended in 1424 (though Fernao Nuniz had noted that his reign lasted six years) when he was succeeded by his son, Deva Raya II. Vijaya Raya was the second son of Deva Raya I. During his reign, he faced an invasion from the Bahmani Sultanate, under Ahmad Shah I Wali. In the Siege of Vijayanagar, the Bahmanis defeated Vijayanagar, and recaptured the Sultanate's lost territories.

Fernão Nunes
Fernão Nunes, also known as Fernao Nuniz, was a Portuguese-Jewish traveler, chronicler and horse trader who spent three years in Vijayanagara, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire in the time period 1535-1537. His writings have brought to light many interesting details about Vijayanagara at that time, including construction of massive fortification works, watch towers and security walls. From his notes it is known that the expansion of the imperial capital limits happened during the reign of emperors Bukka Raya II and Deva Raya I.

Once Nunes fled the inquisition to Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire, where he openly practiced his Judaism.

Nunes' brother was one Jacob Curiel of Coimbra, alias Duarte Nunes, founder of the Curiel family that would come to greatly influence European trade and diplomacy. Jacob and Fernão frequently wrote letters to each other.
Mount Murchison (Tasmania)
Mount Murchison is a mountain on the West Coast Range, located in the West Coast region of Tasmania, Australia.

At 1,275 metres (4,183 ft) above sea level, it is the highest mountain in the range and within the top thirty highest mountains in Tasmania.

Zeehan
Zeehan /ˈziːən/ is a town on the west coast of Tasmania, Australia 139 kilometres (86 mi) south-west of Burnie. It is part of the West Coast Council, along with the seaport Strahan and neighbouring mining towns of Rosebery and Queenstown.
Pak Song-chol (footballer, born 1987)
Pak Song-chol (Korean: 박성철; born 24 September 1987) is a North Korean professional footballer who plays for Visakha.

Pak has appeared for the Korea DPR national football team in the 2010 FIFA World Cup rounds. He also played at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup.

Visakha FC
Visakha Football Club (Khmer: ក្លឹបបាល់ទាត់វិសាខា, Klœ̆b Băltoăt Vĭsakha) is a professional football club based in Phnom Penh. Founded in 2016, it competes in the Cambodian Premier League. Visakha has won 3 consecutive Hun Sen Cups since 2020, and qualified for the play-off round of 2021 and the 2022 AFC Cup. Its women's section plays in the Cambodian Women's League.
Josep Lladonosa i Giró
Josep Lladonosa i Giró (Alguaire, Province of Lleida; 1938) is a Catalan chef and food writer from the province of Lleida. He has been a chef since the 1980s. Throughout his career, he has also conducted extensive research on cooking techniques, products, recipes and the culture tied to eating in Catalonia. He has documented these aspects of Catalan cuisine since the Middle Ages, as exemplified in his book Llibre de Sent Soví. Lladonosa has diffused this knowledge through a large number of books and articles, some of which have been translated into languages including Spanish, English and French. He is also a famous gastronomy teacher, collaborating with individuals such as Joan Amades and Jaume Fàbrega. In 2003, he was awarded the highest Catalan honour by the Generalitat de Catalunya, the Creu de Sant Jordi.

Lleida (Parliament of Catalonia constituency)
Lleida (Spanish: Lérida) is one of the four constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Parliament of Catalonia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The constituency currently elects 15 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Lleida. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Ron Ernst
Ron Ernst (born October 5, 1957) is an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Ripon College in Ripon, Wisconsin from 1991 to 2022, compiling a record of 193–114. Ernst won his 100th game during the 2006 season and won more games than any other coach in program history. Ernst also served as Ripon's head men's golf coach, associate professor in the Department of Exercise Science and assistant athletic director.

Wisconsin Football Coaches Association
The Wisconsin Football Coaches Association is an association of American football coaches on all levels within the state of Wisconsin. An annual clinic of members is held in Madison, Wisconsin to promote the sport, primarily at the high school level. The organization also selects a high school all-state team following each season and selects players and coaches who take part in the state all-star game each summer. This game is played at Titan Stadium, on the campus of the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh each July.
Azmera Gebru
Azmera Gebru (born 31 October 1995) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in both track and road events. She won the junior bronze medal at the 2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and gold in the 3000 metres at the 2011 African Junior Athletics Championships.

2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 20, 2011.  The races were held at the Polideportivo Antonio Gil Hernández in Punta Umbría, Spain.  Reports of the event were given for the IAAF.