hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Union Block (Mount Pleasant, Iowa)
The Union Block of Mount Pleasant, Iowa, was built by William McCandless in 1861. Historically it was used as offices and by the county courts. In the Union Block in 1869, Arabella A. Mansfield became the first woman in the United States to be awarded a license to practice law.  The third floor housed the Opera House or Union Hall, a gathering place for the community. Early supporters of women's rights and civil rights spoke there, including Frederick Douglass, Bronson Alcott, Anna Dickinson, and possibly Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
Preservation Iowa had listed Union Block on its most endangered buildings list because of its poor condition and lack of preservation plan. The building was badly damaged by an early morning fire on Jan. 25, 2011.

Anna Elizabeth Dickinson
Anna Elizabeth Dickinson (October 28, 1842 – October 22, 1932) was an American orator and lecturer. An advocate for the abolition of slavery and for women's rights, Dickinson was the first woman to give a political address before the United States Congress. A gifted speaker at a very young age, she aided the Republican Party in the hard-fought 1863 elections and significantly influenced the distribution of political power in the Union just prior to the Civil War. Dickinson was the first white woman on record to summit Colorado's Longs Peak, Lincoln Peak, and Elbert Peak (on a mule), and she was the second to summit Pike's Peak.
Palmero (surname)
Palmero is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anita Palmero (1902 – 1987) was a Spanish cabaret and tango singer, actress

Emilio  Palmero (1895 - 1970), Cuban Major League Baseball pitcher

Diego Palmero, (born 1951), Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party

Jean Palméro (1912 – 1999), French politician

María José Guerra Palmero (born 1962), Spanish philosopher, writer and feminist theorist

Rafael Palmero Ramos (1936 – 2021), Spanish Roman Catholic prelate

Víctor Palmero (born 1989), Spanish actor

Diego Palmero
Diego Palmero Andrade (born 27 January 1951) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Veracruz's 17th district during the 59th Congress.
Khao Kho Non-hunting Area
Khao Kho Non-hunting Area (Thai: เขตห้ามล่าสัตว์ป่าเขาค้อ, RTGS: Khet Hamla Satpa Khao Kho) is a non-hunting area in Khao Kho District of Phetchabun Province. It covers an area of 44 km2 (17 sq mi) and was established in 1986.

Phetchabun province
Phetchabun (Thai: เพชรบูรณ์, pronounced [pʰét.tɕʰā.būːn]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) and lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Loei, Khon Kaen, Chaiyaphum, Lopburi, Nakhon Sawan, Phichit and Phitsanulok.
1938 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1938 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 12, 1938. Incumbent Republican Governor Lewis O. Barrows defeated Democratic Party challenger (and former Governor) Louis J. Brann. Communist Party USA candidate Winfred V. Tabbutt received 325 votes.

Barrows' re-election coincided with a clean sweep by Maine Republicans.

Governor of Maine
The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive.

The current governor of Maine is Janet Mills, a Democrat, who took office January 2, 2019.

The governor of Maine receives a salary of $70,000, which is the lowest salary out of all 50 state governors, as of 2022. This will be raised to $125,000 upon a new governor taking office in 2026, per a bill passed in 2025, as the Maine Constitution prohibits changing the salary of the sitting governor.
Jibondhuli
Jibondhuli (Bengali: জীবনঢুলী), also known as The Drummer, is a 2014 Bangladeshi Bengali-language drama film written and directed by Tanvir Mokammel, produced under Kino-Eye Films. The film is based on the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, circulating around a lower caste Hindu dhak player. The film was set to be released in December 2013, but eventually premiered in Dhaka on February 14, 2014. Jibondhuli was also premiered at the National Art Gallery of the Shilpakala Academy on October 20, 2017, along with Pich Dhala Path and Monpura.

The film was shot in various locations, including Pubail in Gazipur, and also in Khulna's Chuknagar, where the Chuknagar massacre was depicted.

Khulna District
Khulna District (Bengali: খুলনা জেলা) is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division, bordered in the north by Jashore District and Narail District, in the south by the Bay of Bengal, in the east by Bagerhat District, and the west by Satkhira District. It was the first sub-division of the United Bengal Province established in 1842. On 1 June 1882, by notification of the official gazette published from Kolkata, Khulna and Bagerhat sub-division of Jashore district and Satkhira sub-division of 24 Parganas district together formed the new district of Khulna.
SS Empire Collins
Empire Collins was a 9,795 GRT tanker which was built in 1942 by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland for the  Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1945 she was sold into merchant service and renamed Southern Collins. She was sold in 1956 to Panama and renamed Cassian Sailor. In 1960 she was sold to Pakistan and renamed Mushtari. She was scrapped in 1964.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Chintalapudi Assembly constituency
Chintalapudi is a Scheduled Caste reserved constituency in Eluru district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Eluru Lok Sabha constituency.

Songa Roshan Kumar is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party.  The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Eluru Lok Sabha constituency
Eluru Lok Sabha constituency is one of the twenty-five lok sabha constituencies of Andhra Pradesh in India. It comprises seven assembly segments and  spread over Eluru district and West Godavari districts.
Bill Harp
Rufus William Harp (November 28, 1923 – March 16, 1994) was an American set decorator. He won three Primetime Emmy Awards and was nominated for fourteen more in the category Outstanding Art Direction for his work on the television programs My Name Is Barbra, The Carol Burnett Show, Studs Lonigan, Casablanca, Moonlighting and the television films Marilyn: The Untold Story and Invitation to Hell. Harp died in March 1994 of a heart attack in Hollywood, California, at the age of 70.

Studs Lonigan
Studs Lonigan is a novel trilogy by American author James T. Farrell: Young Lonigan (1932), The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan (1934), and Judgment Day (1935). In 1998, the Modern Library ranked the Studs Lonigan trilogy 29th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

The trilogy was adapted into a minor 1960 film and a 1979 television miniseries, both of which were simply titled Studs Lonigan.
Passô
Passô is a  hamlet in the combined civil parish of Aver-o-Mar, Amorim e Terroso, municipality of Póvoa de Varzim in northern Portugal. Passô had a population of 425 in 2011. Prior to the creation in 2013 of the merged parish, Passô was included within the civil parish of Terroso.

Terroso
Terroso  is a suburban area in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. It forms part of the civil parish of Aver-o-Mar, Amorim e Terroso. It is an ancient ecclesiastical parish and former civil parish. In the census of 2001, it had a population of 2,472 inhabitants and a total area of 4.63 km2.  A 2012 law merged the civil parish with neighbouring Amorim and Aver-o-Mar, to become the northern parish of the city of Póvoa de Varzim.

Terroso derives from the Latin terrosu, meaning "full of soil". The name was used for Cividade or Cividade Hill.
SS Westralia (1896)
SS Westralia was a 2,884 GRT cargo and passenger ship. She served as a troopship in the First World War and was later converted into a hulk. She was sunk in the air raids on Rabaul on 20 January 1942.

Sir J Laing & Sons, Sunderland, built her in 1897 for the Melbourne-based Huddart Parker line. She worked along the Australian coast and the trans-Tasman route.

In 1917, she was used a troopship, transporting the New Zealand 27th and 28th Main Regiment. She then resumed commercial service with Huddart Parker.

W. R. Carpenter and Company of Sydney bought her in 1927, had her engines removed and towed her to Rabaul for use as coal hulk, arriving in 1929. In the Rabaul air raids on 20 January 1942 she was bombed and sunk in Simpson Harbour.

Simpson Harbour
Simpson Harbour is a sheltered harbour of Blanche Bay, on the Gazelle Peninsula in the extreme north of New Britain. The harbour is named after Captain Cortland Simpson, who surveyed the bay while in command of HMS Blanche in 1872. The former capital city of Rabaul is on its shores.

The harbour is part of a huge flooded caldera, Rabaul caldera. The harbour is ringed by a number of volcanoes.
Glynn Griffing
Wilburn Glynn Griffing (born December 1, 1940) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for one season with the New York Giants in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Ole Miss Rebels and was selected in the fourth round of the 1962 NFL draft.  Griffing was also selected in the 14th round of the 1962 AFL draft by the Houston Oilers.

Ole Miss Rebels football
The Ole Miss Rebels football program represents the University of Mississippi, also known as "Ole Miss". The Rebels compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Rebels play their home games at Vaught-Hemingway Stadium on the university's campus in University, Mississippi.

Founded in 1893, Ole Miss has won 6 Southeastern Conference titles, in 1947, 1954, 1955, 1960, 1962, 1963. The team has been co-national champion once, with Minnesota in 1960 (the only time that Ole Miss has been acknowledged as national champion by the NCAA). Ole Miss, however, has never finished a season No. 1 in the AP or Coaches' Poll. With a record of 26–15, Ole Miss has the third-highest postseason winning percentage of schools with 30 or more bowl appearances.

Pete Golding, the program's head coach, succeeded Lane Kiffin in November 2025.
53rd Rocket Army
The 53rd Rocket Army (Military Unit Number 74102) was an army of the Soviet, later Russian Strategic Rocket Forces. It was created on June 8, 1970 from the 8th Independent Missile Corps (established 1962), under Colonel-General Yury Zabegaylov. Its headquarters was located at Chita, Transbaikal Military District.

It initially included the 45th Rocket Division which disbanded in 1970.

Colonel-General Nikolay Solovtsov, later Commander of the Strategic Rocket Forces, commanded the army between 24 November 1992 and June 1994.

Colonel general
Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and Generaloberst was a rank above full General, but below Generalfeldmarschall. The rank of colonel general is also used in the armed forces organized along the lines of the Soviet model, where it is comparable to that of a lieutenant general.
Thomas Rundle
Thomas Rundle (c.1688–1743) was an English cleric suspected of unorthodox views. He became Anglican bishop of Derry not long after a high-profile controversy had prevented his becoming bishop of Gloucester in 1733.

Bishop of Gloucester
The Bishop of Gloucester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Gloucester in the Province of Canterbury.

The diocese covers the County of Gloucestershire and part of the County of Worcestershire. The  see's centre of governance is the City of Gloucester where the bishop's chair (cathedra) is located in the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Indivisible Trinity.

The bishop's residence is Bishopscourt, Gloucester; very near the Cathedral.

The office has been in existence since the foundation of the see in 1541 under King Henry VIII from part of the Diocese of Worcester.

On 5 August 2014, Martyn Snow, the suffragan Bishop of Tewkesbury, became acting bishop of Gloucester. On 15 June 2015 Rachel Treweek became the elected bishop of Gloucester, the first woman to serve as a diocesan bishop in the Church of England.
Nicotelline
Nicotelline is an alkaloid first identified in 1914 as a chemical constituent of tobacco plants (genus Nicotiana).

The chemical structure of nicotelline wasn't elucidated until 1956, when it was determined that nicotelline is a terpyridine consisting of three linked pyridine rings.  This structure was confirmed by laboratory synthesis.  Nicotelline has the molecular formula C15H11N3.  It is a crystalline solid with a melting point of 147-148 °C.  It is soluble in hot water, chloroform, ethanol, and benzene.

Nicotelline has long been known to be a constituent of tobacco smoke.  As such, it has recently been proposed as a biomarker or environmental tracer for tobacco smoke.

Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom (=N−).  It is a highly flammable, weakly alkaline, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow. The pyridine ring occurs in many commercial compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. As of 2016, it is synthesized on the scale of about 20,000 tons per year worldwide.
Carbonera Lighthouse
El Faro de Carbonera, registered officially as Torre Carbonera, or Torre de Punta Mala, is an active lighthouse located on Punta Mala, in the coastal town of La Alcaidesa, Spain, overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. The lighthouse is situated in the municipality of San Roque and lies north of the Playa de La Alcaidesa.

It is protected as a monument of cultural interest (Bien de Interés Cultural) by Spain's Ministry of Culture under the General Catalogue of Andalusian Historical Heritage, and is managed by the Port Authority of Algeciras (Autoridad Portuaria de la Bahía de Algeciras).

Although not open to the public for visits, the lighthouse can be accessed via several dirt tracks leading up from the beach. There is a small ruin of the Casa de Carbonera (charcoal-maker's house) next to the lighthouse.

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.
CYP1A2
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (abbreviated CYP1A2), a member of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system, is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the human body. In humans, the CYP1A2 enzyme is encoded by the CYP1A2 gene.

Enzyme induction and inhibition
Enzyme induction is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme.

Enzyme inhibition can refer to

the inhibition of the expression of the enzyme by another molecule

interference at the enzyme-level, basically with how the enzyme works. This can be competitive inhibition, uncompetitive inhibition, non-competitive inhibition or partially competitive inhibition.

If the molecule induces enzymes that are responsible for its own metabolism, this is called auto-induction (or auto-inhibition if there is inhibition). These processes are particular forms of gene expression regulation.

These terms are of particular interest to pharmacology, and more specifically to drug metabolism and drug interactions. They also apply to molecular biology.
South United FC
South United Football Club  is an Indian professional football club based in Bangalore, Karnataka, that competes in the BDFA Super Division. They have also competed in the I-League 2nd Division, then second tier of Indian football league system.

I-League 2
The Indian Football League 2 (IFL 2), originally known as the I-League 2, is an Indian men's professional football league. It is the 3rd tier of the Indian football league system, behind the Indian Super League and the Indian Football League. It operates as a system of promotion and relegation with the Indian Football League and the Indian Football League 3. In 2026 it was temporarily merged with the Indian Football League 3.
2025 Men's EuroHockey Championship II
The 2025 Men's EuroHockey Championship II was the eleventh edition of the Men's EuroHockey Championship II, the second level of the men's European field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation.

It was held from 27 July to 2 August 2025 at AD Lousada in Lousada, Portugal. The finalists qualified directly for the 2027 Men's EuroHockey Championship in London, England. The top three teams qualified for the 2026 World Cup Qualifiers.

Wales won their first Championship II title by defeating the defending champions Ireland 3–1 in a shoot-out after the final finished 1–1 in regular time. Scotland won the bronze medal by defeating Italy 5–2.

2026 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup Qualifiers
The 2026 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup Qualifiers will be the final stage of the qualification for the 2026 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup. It will be held at 28 February to 8 March 2026.

Two events will be held in Santiago, Chile and Ismailia, Egypt.
Boulder City News
The Boulder City News was a weekly newspaper distributed in Boulder City, Nevada. The paper was first published in 1937. When it ceased publication in late October 2009, the paper was published by the Greenspun Media Group. The paper was focused on the community of Boulder City including the local sports, news and events. According to the Circulation Verification Council, for the first half of 2009 the paper's circulation increased by 29.3% which was the largest increase in the country for any community newspaper.

Circulation Verification Council
Circulation Verification Council (CVC) is an American company which acts as an independent, third-party auditor to create circulation data for various online and print periodicals. The company is headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri.
Aulonocara trematocephalum
Aulonocara trematocephalum is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi. It is only known from the holotype which was erroneously recorded as being collected from the "north end of Lake Tanganyika" and described as Tilapia trematocephala. It belonged to one of  the Malawi cichlid groups and was initially included in the genus Trematocranus

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Teresa Joaquim
Teresa Joaquim (born 1954) is a social anthropologist who is the coordinator of the first master's program in women's studies in Portugal. Women's Studies – Gender, Citizenship and Development was launched at the Universidade Aberta in 1995 and Joaquim pressed for it to be expanded to include a PhD platform in 2002. She served as a member of the National Ethics Council for Life Sciences between 1996 and 2001 and as part of the Helsinki Group on Women in Science. She has participated in numerous policy development projects evaluating inclusion and equal opportunity for women for the government of Portugal, as well as the European Union.

Government of Portugal
The Government of Portugal, also referred to as the Government of the Republic is one of the four sovereignty bodies of Portugal, together with the president, the assembly of the Republic and the courts. It is both the body of sovereignty that conducts the general politics of the country and the superior body of the Portuguese public administration.

The term "constitutional government" or simply "government" also refers to the team of ministers and its period of management under one prime minister. This concept is similar to an "administration" in the parlance of a presidential republic or to a "collective ministry" in the parlance of some Commonwealth countries. Each government in this sense is identified by a roman number, with the present one (formed in June 2025) being the XXV Constitutional Government since the establishment of the current democratic regime, in 1976.
WLKL
WLKL (89.9 FM, The Max Alternative) is a college radio station broadcasting an alternative music format. Licensed to Mattoon, Illinois, United States, the station serves the Mattoon/Neoga area. The station is owned by Lake Land College through its licensee Community College District #517.

Mattoon, Illinois
Mattoon (/ˈmæt.tun/ MAT-toon) is a city in Coles County, Illinois, United States. The population was 16,870 as of the 2020 census. The city is home to Lake Land College and has close ties with its neighbor, Charleston. Both are principal cities of the Charleston–Mattoon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The town is home to the "original" Burger King.