hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S. P. E. Trichard
Stephanus Petrus Erasmus Trichard (23 January 1847, Ohrigstad - October 1907, Kenya) was a field cornet and Commander for the South African Republic (Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, ZAR) in the First and Second Boer War.

He fought in most campaigns against African peoples near the South African Republic. In the First Boer War (1880 – 1881) he joined the storming of Amajuba (Battle of Majuba Hill, 27 February 1881). Later he repulsed the Jameson Raid (29 December 1895 – 2 January 1896). After his military service as Head State Artillery and Commander in the Second Boer War (1899 – 1902), he emigrated with a Boer group to East Africa, where he died in 1907.

German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika DOA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi), which is nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.

The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a mandate of the League of Nations.
EIF4A1
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (also known as eIF4A1 or DDX2A) is a 46 kDa cytosolic protein that, in humans, is encoded by the EIF4A1 gene, which is located on chromosome 17. It is the most prevalent member of the eIF4A family of ATP-dependant RNA helicases, and plays a critical role in the initiation of cap-dependent eukaryotic protein translation as a component of the eIF4F translation initiation complex. eIF4A1 unwinds the secondary structure of RNA within the 5'-UTR of mRNA, a critical step necessary for the recruitment of the 43S preinitiation complex, and thus the translation of protein in eukaryotes. It was first characterized in 1982 by Grifo, et al., who purified it from rabbit reticulocyte lysate.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4F
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) is a heterotrimeric protein complex that binds the 5' cap of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to promote eukaryotic translation initiation. The eIF4F complex is composed of three non-identical subunits: the DEAD-box RNA helicase eIF4A, the cap-binding protein eIF4E, and the large "scaffold" protein eIF4G. The mammalian eIF4F complex was first described in 1983, and has been a major area of study into the molecular mechanisms of cap-dependent translation initiation ever since.
Srinagar, Mugu
Srinagar is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. The district capital of Gamgadhi is located within it. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2256 people living in 411 individual households.

Karnali Zone
Karnali Zone (Nepali: खसान अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal. The headquarters of Karnali Zone was Jumla.

Karnali Zone was one of the poorest and most remote regions of Nepal, not very accessible by road yet. There are airfields in all districts except Kalikot which is connected seasonally by roadways to Jumla Airport.

Karnali Zone was the largest zone of Nepal, with two national parks.  Shey Phoksundo National Park Shey Phoksundo (with Phoksundo Lake—the deepest lake of Nepal), famous for the snow leopard, is Nepal's largest park with an area of 3,555 km2.  Rara National Park  surrounds Rara Lake—at 10.2 km2, Nepal's largest lake—known as the "Pearl of Nepal".
Pterocryptis furnessi
Pterocryptis furnessi is a species of catfish in the family Siluridae (the sheatfishes) endemic to Malaysia, where it occurs in the Niah and Baram river basins in Sarawak, on the island of Borneo. Individuals of this species can reach a maximum length of 17.5 centimetres (6.9 in) TL.

Baram River
The Baram River (Malay: Sungai Baram) is a river in Sarawak on the island of Borneo. The river originates in the Kelabit Highlands, a watershed demarcated by the Iran Mountains of East Kalimantan, which form a natural border with Sarawak.
2024 Carbery Junior A Football Championship
The 2024 Carbery Junior A Football Championship was the 99th staging of the Carbery Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by the West Cork Board in 1926. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 20 February 2024. The championship ran from 26 July to December 2024.

Barryroe were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify for the knockout stage.

The final was played on 26 October 2024 at Sam Maguire Park in Dunmanway, between Kilmacabea and Diarmuid Ó Mathúna's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Kilmacabea won the match by 1–12 to 1–04 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title in four years.

Dohenys GAA
Dohenys is a Gaelic Athletic Association club, fielding Gaelic football and hurling teams in the town of Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland. It won its only Cork Senior Club Football Championship in 1897.
Other titles won include 2 Cork Intermediate Football Championships in 1972 and 1995, and 3 Cork Junior Football Championships in 1935, 1966, and 1993. In 2007, the club won its first ever county hurling championship when it won the Cork Junior B Hurling Championship. The club is part of the Carbery division of Cork. The Sam Maguire Cup which is presented to the All-Ireland winning football team each year is named after Dunmanway's most famous son, Sam Maguire who is buried in St. Mary's Graveyard.
Kunlun Volcanic Group
Kunlun Volcanic Group (Chinese: 昆仑火山群), also known as Ashiköli Volcanic Field (Chinese: 阿什库勒火山), is a volcanic field in northwestern Tibet. Eight other volcanic fields are also in the area. The field is within a basin that also contains three lakes.

Volcanism in the field has produced lavas and cones, with rocks having varying compositions dominated by trachyandesite. Volcanism in the field may be influenced by faults in the area.

The dates obtained from the field range from 5.0 ± 0.6 million years ago to 74,000 ± 4,000 years ago. An eruption of Ashi volcano was observed in 1951, making this one of China's youngest volcanoes.

Indian plate
The Indian plate is a minor tectonic plate straddling the equator in the Indian Ocean. Originally a part of the ancient continent of Gondwana, the Indian plate broke away from the other fragments of Gondwana 100 million years ago and began moving north, carrying Insular India (Now called South Asia) with it. It was once fused with the adjacent Australian plate to form a single Indo-Australian plate, but recent studies suggest that India and Australia may have been separate plates for at least 3 million years. The Indian plate includes most of modern South Asia (the Indian subcontinent) and a portion of the basin under the Indian Ocean, including parts of Tibet, Sumatra, and extending up to but not including Ladakh, Kohistan, and Balochistan in Pakistan.
David Sarser
David Sarser (January 31, 1921 – June 6, 2013) was an American musician, audio engineer and electronics designer. Born in Kansas City, Missouri, he played violin with the NBC Symphony Orchestra in the 1950s under Arturo Toscanini and worked with Les Paul in the design of the first 8 track recording deck (built for Mr. Paul by Ampex for his home studio.) He stopped playing the violin after his Stradivarius was stolen in 1962.

The stolen (formerly his) instrument, Lamoureux (1735), has been exhibited in Japan, and it is shown "unassembled" in "Violin Iconography of Antonio Stradivari: Treatises on the Life and Work of the Patriarch of Violinmakers" (Goodkind, 1972). It is widely believed to still reside in Japan. Police believe the instrument was already on a plane to Tokyo by the time it was discovered to be missing from the RCA studio.

Sarser died on June 6, 2013, in Northport, New York.

Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini (/ɑːrˈtʊəroʊ ˌtɒskəˈniːni/; Italian: [arˈtuːro toskaˈniːni]; March 25, 1867 – January 16, 1957) was an Italian conductor. He was one of the most acclaimed and influential musicians of the late 19th and early 20th century, renowned for his intensity, his perfectionism, his ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his eidetic memory. He was at various times the music director of La Scala in Milan and the New York Philharmonic. Later in his career, he was appointed the first music director of the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954), and this led to his becoming a household name, especially in the United States, through his radio and television broadcasts and many recordings of the operatic and symphonic repertoire.
Índia pega no laço
Índia pega no laço is a phrase used in Brazil that translates to "an Indian woman caught by the lasso". The phrase is used by non-Indigenous Brazilians who claim they have an Indigenous female ancestor and is a reference to the male settlers of Brazil allegedly using lassos to capture Indigenous women.

The phrase is particularly used in the South and South-East of Brazil; the phrases "pega a dente de cachorro" (caught in the teeth of a dog) or "pega a casco de cavalo" (horseback) are also used to the same effect in the North, North-East and Centre-West of Brazil.

The phrase has been discussed particularly by Brazilian anthropologists, as well as by Indigenous people themselves. It is regarded as racist and misogynistic,  because it is often used to romanticise or make a joke of the supposed abduction and rape of an Indigenous ancestor.

Southeast Region, Brazil
The Southeast Region of Brazil (Portuguese: Região Sudeste do Brasil, pronounced [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w suˈdɛstʃi du bɾaˈziw]) is composed of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 53% of the Brazilian GDP (2022), as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais are the three richest states of Brazil, the top three Brazilian states in terms of GDP. The Southeast of Brazil also has the highest GDP per capita among all Brazilian regions.

The Southeast region accounts for about 44% of Brazil's total population, leading the country in population, urban population, population density, vehicles, industries, universities, airports, ports, highways, hospitals, schools, houses and many other areas.
Green Lake (Fulton County, New York)
Green Lake is located east of Canada Lake, New York. Fish species present in the lake are pickerel, black bullhead, rock bass, yellow perch, and pumpkinseed sunfish. There is access by trail off Green Lake Road along the west shore. It is also accessible by a channel from Canada Lake on the southwest corner.

Pumpkinseed
The pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), also referred to as sun perch, pond perch, common sunfish, punkie, sunfish, sunny, and kivver, is a small to medium–sized freshwater fish of the genus Lepomis (true sunfishes), from the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) in the order Centrarchiformes. It is endemic to eastern North America.
Bill Cooper (American football)
Bill Cooper (born July 12, 1939), nicknamed "Cannonball", is an American former professional football player who was a fullback and linebacker for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Muskingum Fighting Muskies and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2000.

Muskingum University
Muskingum University is a private university in New Concord, Ohio, United States. Chartered in 1837 as Muskingum College, the institution is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA). New Concord is located in far eastern Muskingum County, which derives its name from the Muskingum River. It offers more than 60 undergraduate majors and graduate programs and enrolled 2,100 students in 2023. Muskingum's campus consists of 21 buildings, a football stadium, and a small lake which all sit atop 225 acres (0.91 km2) of rolling hills overlooking New Concord. Alumni are referred to as the "Long Magenta Line" and students are known simply as "Muskies", while its athletic teams are called the "Fighting Muskies".
Health Economics, Policy and Law
Health Economics, Policy and Law is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering health economics, policy, and law. It was established by Prof Adam Oliver in 2006 and is published by Cambridge University Press. The current editors-in-chief are Dr Rocco Friebel (London School of Economics and Political Science) and Prof Iris Wallenburg (Erasmus University Rotterdam). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 3.3, ranking it Q1 in the Health Policy & Services rankings (15th out of 124).

Health policy
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society". According to the World Health Organization, an explicit health policy can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future; it outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it builds consensus and informs people.
Bruno Rajaonson
Bruno Rajaonson is a Malagasy politician. He was the deputy for Marovoay from 2003-2007.

He candidated in 2018 for the constituency of Marovoay for the National Assembly of Madagascar, though he obtained only 17.53% of votes. He was not elected in the 2019 Malagasy parliamentary election.

2019 Malagasy parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 27 May 2019 to elect the 151 members of the National Assembly. They followed  presidential elections held in November and December 2018, which saw Andry Rajoelina return to power as President of Madagascar after defeating Marc Ravalomanana in a runoff.

The result was a decisive victory for Young Malagasies Determined, which won 84 of the 151 seats, allowing them to form a majority government, replacing the previous coalition government formed after the previous elections. The opposition party Tiako i Madagasikara (TIM), led by Marc Ravalomanana won 16 seats, while five small parties secured one seat each. Independent candidates also performed strongly, winning 46 seats.
Amar Praner Swami
Amar Praner Swami (Bengali: আমার প্রাণের স্বামী; transl. My Beloved Husband) is a 2007 Bangladeshi romantic film directed by P. A. Kajol. It stars Shakib Khan, Shabnur, Nipun & many more. It was released on 10 August 2007 throughout Bangladesh. The film became the highest-grossing Bangladeshi film of 2007.

For the film Khan received his first Meril Prothom Alo Awards for Best Actor in Critics Choice category for his role Raju.

Meril-Prothom Alo Awards
The Meril-Prothom Alo Awards, or simply Prothom Alo Awards, is an annual Bangladeshi awards ceremony honouring cinematic achievements in Bangladeshi Film Industry. The awards are divided into two components, Viewers' Choice and Critics' Choice. The awards were first presented in 1998 and since then the awards are given every year at the Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Center.

Meril-Prothom Alo Awards receive the highest number of viewers among Bangladesh's awards ceremonies. The awards are considered Bangladeshi equivalent to The Oscars.
Knyszyn Forest
Knyszyn Forest (Polish: Puszcza Knyszyńska, Puszcza Knyszyńsko-Białostocka) is a vast forest complex (second in size after the Białowieska Forest in the Podlasie Lowland) (Polish: Nizina Podlaska) located in the Białystok Upland in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The forests cover there areas of the frontal moraine, and the Supraśl River flows along the tributary of Sokołda. Supraśl is the seat of the Knyszyńska Forest Landscape Park.

The area of the Forest is about 1050 km², but as a result of afforestation of former agricultural land, its area increases every year. This process is particularly visible in the eastern part of its area.

The forest is dominated by pine, spruce, and birch, alder and oak. There are bison refuges in the Knyszyńska Forest (since 1974). In the Knyszyńska Forest in 1988, the Knyszyn Forest Landscape Park was created.

Supraśl
Supraśl ([ˈsupraɕl]; Belarusian: Су́прасль; Lithuanian: Supraslė) is a spa town and former episcopal see in Białystok County, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the Gmina Supraśl.

It is situated on the Supraśl River, about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) northeast of Białystok. Its population is 4,526 (2004).
Monogyny
Monogyny is a specialised mating system in which a male can only mate with one female throughout his lifetime, but the female may mate with more than one male. In this system, the males generally provide no paternal care.  In many spider species that are monogynous, the males have two copulatory organs, which allows them to mate a maximum of twice throughout their lifetime. As is commonly seen in honeybees, ants and certain spider species, a male may put all his energy into a single copulation, knowing that this will lower his overall fitness. During copulation, monogynous males have adapted to cause self genital damage or even death to increase their chances of paternity.

Paternal care
In biology, paternal care is parental investment provided by a male to his own offspring. It is a complex social behavior in vertebrates associated with animal mating systems, life history traits, and ecology. Paternal care may be provided in concert with the mother (biparental care) or, more rarely, by the male alone (exclusive paternal care).

The provision of care, by either males or females, is presumed to increase growth rates, quality, and/or survival of the young, ultimately increasing the inclusive fitness of the parents. In a variety of vertebrate species (e.g., about 80% of birds and about 6% of mammals), both males and females invest heavily in their offspring. Many of these bi-parental species are socially monogamous, so individuals remain with their mate for at least one breeding season.

Exclusive paternal care has evolved multiple times in a variety of organisms, including invertebrates, fishes, and amphibians.
Surahammar Municipality
Surahammar Municipality (Swedish: Surahammars kommun) is a municipality in Västmanland County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Surahammar.

The municipality is located some 100 km west of Stockholm in the southern part of the mineral-rich Bergslagen region.

The municipality was formed in 1963 through the amalgamation of Ramnäs and Sura.

Municipalities of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its generally smaller but co-equal local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning.
David Thorburn (scholar)
David Thorburn is an American professor of literature at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who is notable for media studies, literary criticism, and teaching. He has published poetry in Slate Magazine, Threepenny Review, and The Atlantic. He was one of the first academics to study the medium of television as an academic field of inquiry. He is the director of MIT's Communications Forum. He is regarded as an authority on modernist literature, and he was selected by the Teaching Company to teach a course on entitled Masterworks of Early 20th-Century Literature.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
1984 European Squash Team Championships
The 1984 European Squash Team Championships, Sponsored by ASB, was the 12th edition of European Squash Team Championships for squash players. The event was held at the Columbus Squash & Health Club in Dublin, Ireland, from 21 to 23 April 1984. The tournament was organised by the European Squash Rackets Federation (ESRF).

The England men's team won their 10th title and the England women's team won their 7th title.

England women's national squash team
The England women's national squash team represents England in international squash team competitions, and is governed by England Squash.

Since 1979, England has won eight World Squash Team Open titles, although the 1979 team which consisted entirely of English players competed as Great Britain. Their most recent title came in 2014. Additionally, the team has won the European Squash Team Championships on 43 occasions.

Stuart Crawford took over as coach from David Campion in 2024.
Habronema
Habronema is a genus of nematodes in the order Spirurida.

Species include:

Habronema clarki – rodent parasite

Habronema incertum – bird parasite

Habronema microstoma – parasite of the stomach of horses, can be transmitted by the stable fly

Habronema muscae – parasite of the stomach of horses

Stable fly
Stomoxys calcitrans is known by the common names stable fly, barn fly, biting house fly, dog fly, and power mower fly. Unlike most members of the family Muscidae, Stomoxys calcitrans ('sharp mouth' + 'kicking') and others of its genus suck blood from mammals. Now found worldwide, the species is considered to be of Eurasian or African origin.
Siñgel
Siñgel (Tatar: Сиңгел, romanized: Siñgel) is a rural locality (a selo) in Layış District, Tatarstan. The population was 231 as of 2010.
Siñgel is located 79 km from Lаyış, district's administrative centre, and 50 km from Ԛazan, republic's capital, by road.
The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 16th century.
There are 5 streets in the village.

Laishevo
Laishevo (Russian: Лаи́шево; Tatar: Лаеш) is a town and the administrative center of Laishevsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kama River on the shore of the Kuybyshev Reservoir, 62 kilometers (39 mi) southeast of the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 7,735.
Miss Earth 2018
Miss Earth 2018 was the 18th edition of the Miss Earth pageant, held at the SM Mall of Asia Arena in Bay City, Pasay, Metro Manila, the Philippines, on November 3, 2018.

Karen Ibasco of the Philippines crowned her successor Nguyễn Phương Khánh of Vietnam at the end of the event. This is the first time Vietnam won the Miss Earth pageant, one of the Big Four International Beauty Pageants.

In August 2019, the Miss Earth 2018 winners and the Armed Forces of the Philippines conducted an outreach program for the welfare of the senior citizens and persons with disabilities admitted at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center in the Philippines.

Veterans Memorial Medical Center
The Veterans Memorial Medical Center (formerly known as Veterans Memorial Hospital and commonly abbreviated as VMMC) is a hospital in Quezon City, Philippines. It was established on November 20, 1955 with full US Government assistance under the US Veterans Administration to provide quality hospitalization, medical care and treatment to Filipino veterans as provided by U.S. public law. The patients were originally those who suffered from service-connected disabilities arising from their services with the USAFFE, recognized guerrilla units, Philippine Scouts, and Philippine Commonwealth Army, which was later extended to AFP retirees and their dependents.