hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crime harm index
A crime harm index is a measurement of crime rates in which crimes are weighted based on how much "harm" they cause.

The most simple and most common method of measuring an area's crime rate is to count the number of crimes. In this case, one minor crime (e.g. a shoplifting incident) counts for the same as a single very serious crime (e.g. murder). Leading criminologists have argued in favour of creating a weighted measurement. Lawrence W. Sherman and two other researchers wrote in 2016 that "All crimes are not created equal. Counting them as if they are fosters distortion of risk assessments, resource allocation, and accountability."

Most crime harm indices use prison sentencing policies to decide what the "harm score" of an offence should be. The harm score of an offence is the default length of the prison sentence that an offender would receive, if the crime was committed by a single offender.

Frequency Weighting (spectral analysis)
The process of frequency weighting involves emphasizing the contribution of particular aspects of a phenomenon (or of a set of data) over others to an outcome or result; thereby highlighting those aspects in comparison to others in the analysis. That is, rather than each variable in the data set contributing equally to the final result, some of the data is adjusted to make a greater contribution than others. This is analogous to the practice of adding (extra) weight to one side of a pair of scales in order to favour either the buyer or seller.

While weighting may be applied to a set of data, such as epidemiological data, it is more commonly applied to measurements of light, heat, sound, gamma radiation, and in fact any stimulus that is spread over a spectrum of frequencies.
Achilleanthus
Achilleanthus is a genus of flowering plants in family Rubiaceae. It includes seven species native to the Lesser Sunda Islands, New Guinea, and the southwest Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands, New Caledonia, and Fiji).

Achilleanthus glabrescens (Schltr.) J.G.Chavez, Liede & Meve

Achilleanthus hypolasius (Baill.) J.G.Chavez

Achilleanthus megacarpus (Merr. & L.M.Perry) J.G.Chavez

Achilleanthus ngoyensis (Schltr.) J.G.Chavez, Liede & Meve

Achilleanthus novobrittaniensis (M.E.Jansen) J.G.Chavez

Achilleanthus schmutzii (M.E.Jansen) J.G.Chavez

Achilleanthus smithii (Fosberg) J.G.Chavez

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Hassall (surname)
Hassall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Hill Hassall (1817–1894), British physician, chemist and microscopist

Cedric Hassall, New Zealand chemist

Charlie Hassall (1863–?), English footballer

Christopher Hassall (1912–1963), English actor, dramatist, librettist, lyricist and poet

Eliza Marsden Hassall (1834–1917), Australian philanthropist

Harold Hassall (1929–2015), English footballer

Ian Hassall, New Zealand paediatrician

Imogen Hassall (1942–1980), English actress

Joan Hassall (1906–1988), English wood engraver and illustrator

Joe Hassall (1871–1895), English footballer

John Hassall (disambiguation), multiple people

Jon Hassall (born 1973), Australian rules footballer

Nanette Hassall (born 1947), Australian dancer and choreographer

Rowland Hassall (1768-1820), Early Australian settler, missionary

Thomas Hassall (1840–1920), Australian politician

Thomas Hassall (priest) (1794-1868), Australian clergyman

Christopher Hassall
Christopher Vernon Hassall (24 March 1912 – 25 April 1963) was an English actor, dramatist, librettist, lyricist and poet, who found his greatest fame in a memorable musical partnership with the actor and composer Ivor Novello after working together in the same touring company. He was also a noted biographer of Rupert Brooke (1964, Faber and Faber) and Edward Marsh (1958, James Tait Black Memorial Prize 1959).
Taylorsville High School
Taylorsville High School is a public high school established in 1981, located in Taylorsville, Utah, United States. The principal is Dr. Garett Muse.  The mascot is the Wilbur the Warrior. The enrollment is around 2,900 students and represents many different ethnic groups. Taylorsville High is one of eight high schools in Granite School District.

Taylorsville High is located in the central part of the Salt Lake Valley and was built in 1981 to serve the growing population of the Taylorsville area. School boundaries are roughly Jordan River to 3100 West and 4100 South to 6600 South (excluding the area between 4500 S and 4700 S and approximately Jordan River and 950 W).

Taylorsville has successful programs for AVID (Advancement Via Individual Determination), JROTC and Latinos in Action, along with a large AP program.

Taylorsville, Utah
Taylorsville is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah. It is part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area. The population was 60,448 at the time of the 2020 census. Taylorsville was incorporated from the Taylorsville–Bennion CDP and portions of the Kearns metro township on July 1, 1996. The city is located adjacent to Interstate 215 and Bangerter Highway. It is located in the middle of the Salt Lake Valley.
PFC Lokomotiv Stara Zagora
FC Lokomotiv Stara Zagora is a Bulgarian football club from Stara Zagora, founded in April 1934 as ZHSK (ЖСК). The club currently competes in the fourth tier of Bulgarian football, A RFG Stara Zagora. Lokomotiv has been traditionally seen as the second most popular football team from Stara Zagora, after Beroe.

PFC Beroe Stara Zagora
Professional Football Club Beroe Stara Zagora, better known as just Beroe (Bulgarian: Берое), is a Bulgarian professional association football club based in Stara Zagora, that competes in the First League, the top division of the Bulgarian football league system. The club was founded in 1916 under the name Vereya. The club's colours are green and white.

Since then the home ground of Beroe has been the homonymous Stadion Beroe in Stara Zagora with a seating capacity of 12,128. Beroe were the 1986 champions of Bulgaria and they also won the Bulgarian Cup twice in 2010 and 2013. In terms of international achievements, Beroe hold the record for Balkans Cups titles, having won the tournament four times. The club's most noted and successful player is Petko Petkov, 2 times A Group Top Scorer: 1974 (with 20 goals) and 1976 (with 19 goals).
Flora Brovina
Flora Brovina (born 30 September 1949) is a Kosovar Albanian poet, pediatrician and women's rights activist. She was born in the town of Skenderaj in the Drenica Valley of Kosovo, and was raised in Pristina, where she went to school and began studying medicine. After finishing her university studies in Zagreb, where she specialized in pediatrics, she returned to Kosovo and worked for a time as a journalist for the Albanian-language daily newspaper Rilindja. Soon thereafter, she returned to the health care profession and worked for many years in the Pediatrics Ward of the Pristina General Hospital.

Kosovo Albanians
The Albanians of Kosovo (Albanian: Shqiptarët e Kosovës, pronounced [ʃcipˈtaɾət ɛ kɔˈsɔvəs]), commonly also called Kosovo Albanians, Kosovan Albanians or Kosovar Albanians,  are an ethnic Albanian population native to Kosovo and constitute the country's largest ethnic group. They belong to the Gheg dialectical sub-group of Albanians, because they speak Gheg Albanian. According to the 2024 national census by the ASK, Albanians comprise 91.8% of the population in Kosovo.
Ben Brosnan
Ben Brosnan is a Gaelic footballer who has played for the Wexford county team. At club level, he has played with Castletown Liam Mellows (Wexford), his home side Bannow Ballymitty (Wexford) and also with Carnew Emmets (Wicklow). In March 2024, he made a record-equalling 174th appearance for Wexford, bringing him level with Brian Malone.

Carnew Emmets GAA
Carnew Emmets GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Carnew, County Wicklow, Ireland. The club fields teams in both Gaelic football and hurling. They are one of the only clubs in Ireland who represent themselves in both codes in senior ranking for Hurling and Football.

The club is named for Robert Emmet and was founded in 1886. It was initially known as "Carnew," then in 1900 became "Carnew's Krugers Volunteers" to honour Paul Kruger, switching to "Emmets" by the end of that year.
Enrica Piccoli
Enrica Piccoli (born 19 January 1999) is an Italian synchronised swimmer. She competed in Team at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

She won a bronze medal in the team free routine competition at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships.

At the 2022 European Aquatics Championships, contested in Rome in August, Piccoli won a silver medal in the team technical routine on day one, helping achieve a final mark of 90.3772 points.

2018 European Aquatics Championships
The 2018 European Aquatics Championships took place in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Luss in the central belt of Scotland, from 3 to 12 August 2018.

The championships were part of the first European Championships with other events happening in Scotland and Berlin.
West Mountain (Hamilton County, New York)
West Mountain is a 2,923-foot-tall (891 m) mountain located in Adirondack Mountains of New York. It is located in the northwest of the hamlet of Raquette Lake in Hamilton County. In 1920, the Conservation Commission built a 47-foot-tall (14 m) fire lookout tower on the mountain. Due to aerial detection, the tower ceased fire lookout operations at the end of the 1970 season. The tower was later removed, and portions of the tower along with the tower from Kempshall Mountain were used to build the tower that is at the Essex County Historical Museum in Elizabethtown.

Hamilton County, New York
Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,107, making it the least populous county in New York and its only county with fewer than 10,000 residents. With a land area nearly the size of Delaware, it is the least densely populated county east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Lake Pleasant.  The county was created in 1816 and organized in 1847. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Hamilton County is one of only two counties that lie entirely within the Adirondack Park (Essex being the other). There are no permanent traffic lights in the county, and much of the county has no cell phone service.
2023 Cricket World Cup final
The 2023 Cricket World Cup Final was a One Day International cricket match played at the Narendra Modi Stadium in Ahmedabad, on 19 November 2023 to determine the winner of the 2023 Cricket World Cup. It was played between host nation India and Australia. It was the first time that Ahmedabad hosted a Cricket World Cup final. It was the second time that India and Australia played a World Cup final against each other, after the 2003 final.

In the final, Australia defeated India to win a record-extending sixth World Cup title. The comfortable Australian victory, with seven overs to spare, is considered one of the bigger upsets in World Cup history, due to the heavily favoured India going undefeated through the entire tournament up until this point.

Chris Gaffaney
Christopher Blair Gaffaney (born 30 November 1975) is a New Zealand cricket umpire and former cricketer who played for Otago. He became an umpire after retiring as a player.  A right-handed batsman, he played in 83 first-class and 113 List A matches. Gaffaney is currently a member of the ICC Elite umpire panel and officiates in Tests, One Day Internationals and Twenty20 Internationals.
Orocrambus scutatus
Orocrambus scutatus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Alfred Philpott in 1917. It is endemic to New Zealand, where it has been recorded in Southland. The habitat of this species consists of subalpine tussock grassland.

The wingspan is 26–30 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from December to January.

Tussock grasslands of New Zealand
Tussock grasslands form expansive and distinctive landscapes in the South Island and, to a lesser extent, in the Central Plateau region of the North Island of New Zealand. Most of the plants referred to as tussocks are in the genera Chionochloa, Festuca, and Poa, also Carex.

What would be termed "herbfields" for European mountains, and bunchgrass meadows in North America, are referred to as tussock herbfields in New Zealand due to a dominance of this type of plant. Species of the genus Chionochloa dominate in these areas. The larger tussocks are called snow grass (or less commonly snow tussocks) and may grow up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in height. They grow slowly and some specimens are estimated to be several centuries old.
Non-corporate credit
Non-Corporate Credit is a catch-all term used to include types of bonds that are forms of credit, but not issued by private corporations -— and therefore cannot be considered corporate debt. Non-Corporate Credit generally includes sovereign debt, regional governments and government agencies in a currency other than that of the issuer, and bonds issued by supranational entities.

Corporate bond
A corporate bond is a bond issued by a corporation in order to raise financing for a variety of reasons such as to fund ongoing operations, mergers & acquisitions, or to expand business. It is a longer-term debt instrument indicating that a corporation has borrowed a certain amount of money and promises to repay it in the future under specific terms. Corporate debt instruments with maturity shorter than one year are referred to as commercial paper.
Enoplognatha intrepida
Enoplognatha intrepida is a spider in the family Theridiidae ("cobweb spiders"), in the infraorder Araneomorphae ("true spiders").
The distribution range of Enoplognatha intrepida includes the USA, Canada, Greenland, and Korea.

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
Cornershop and the Double 'O' Groove Of
Cornershop and the Double 'O' Groove Of... is a 2011 studio album by the British band Cornershop. It follows their 2009 album Judy Sucks a Lemon for Breakfast. The album had been six years in the making and is a collaboration album with Bubbley Kaur, a previously unrecorded Punjabi singer. The funds for its release were raised via Pledgemusic.

PledgeMusic
PledgeMusic was an online direct-to-fan music platform, launched in August 2009. It was started to facilitate musicians looking to pre-sell, market, and distribute projects, such as recordings and concerts. It bore similarities to other artist payment platforms as ArtistShare, Kickstarter, Indiegogo, Patreon, RocketHub and Sellaband.

The company announced it was facing bankruptcy in May 2019, after a year of artists reporting slow payment problems. The company was granted permission to wind up on 19 August 2019.
Cyclamide
Cyclamides are a class of oligopeptides produced by cyanobacteria algae strains such as Microcystis aeruginosa. Some of them can be toxic.

Cyclamides are cyclopeptides with either six or eight amino acids, some of which are modified from their natural proteinogenic form. They are typically characterized by thiazole and oxazole rings which are thought to be cysteine and threonine derivatives, respectively.  Cyclamides are biosynthesized through ribosomic pathways.

Microcystis aeruginosa
Microcystis aeruginosa is a species of freshwater cyanobacteria that can form harmful algal blooms of economic and ecological importance. They are the most common toxic cyanobacterial bloom in eutrophic fresh water. Cyanobacteria produce neurotoxins and peptide hepatotoxins, such as microcystin and cyanopeptolin. Microcystis aeruginosa produces numerous congeners of microcystin, with microcystin-LR being the most common.  Microcystis blooms have been reported in at least 108 countries, with the production of microcystin noted in at least 79.
Schneeberg (Fichtel Mountains)
Schneeberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃneːbɛʁk] ⓘ; 1,051 m above sea level (NN)) is the highest mountain in the Fichtel Mountains, a mountain range in Upper Franconia in northeast Bavaria, Germany. It can be readily identified from a distance by its squat tower - a relic of the Cold War. The summit comprises a jumble of granite rocks and a rock pillar (Felsburg) on which the Backöfele observation tower stands and is still dominated by the relics of military installations including its Cold War listening post.

From a natural region perspective, the mountain is part of the major unit of the High Fichtel Mountains (Hohes Fichtelgebirge, 394). It is the highest point in the Bavarian province of Upper Franconia.

Natural region
A natural region (landscape unit) is a basic geographic unit. Usually, it is a region which is distinguished by its common natural features of geography, geology, and climate.

From the ecological point of view, the naturally occurring flora and fauna of the region are likely to be influenced by its geographical and geological factors, such as soil and water availability, in a significant manner. Thus most natural regions are homogeneous ecosystems. Human impact can be an important factor in the shaping and destiny of a particular natural region.
Wise Guys (1986 film)
Wise Guys is a 1986 American black comedy crime film directed by Brian De Palma and produced by Aaron Russo from a screenplay written by George Gallo and Norman Steinberg. It stars Danny DeVito and Joe Piscopo as Harry Valentini and Moe Dickstein, two small-time mobsters from Newark, New Jersey, and features Harvey Keitel, Ray Sharkey, Lou Albano, Dan Hedaya and Frank Vincent.

De Palma later called it "a movie I wish I hadn't done... The studio changed their minds and didn't want to make it. They just wanted us to go away. I should have just taken my money and walked instead of dealing with a studio that didn't want to make the movie."

Ray Sharkey
Raymond Sharkey Jr. (November 14, 1952 – June 11, 1993) was an American stage, film and television actor. His most notable film role was Vincent Vacarri in the 1980 film The Idolmaker, for which he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. He is also known for his role as Sonny Steelgrave in the television series Wiseguy.
Apollocrates
Apollocrates (Greek: Ἀπολλοκράτης) was the son of Dionysius II of Syracuse.

Two years after Dion and Heracleides conquered Syracuse in 357 BC, Apollocrates maintained control of the fortress of Ortygia. As supplies ran out, Apollocrates capitulated to Dion, who allowed him and his mother Doris to sail to join his father in Magna Graecia.

According to Theopompus, Book 39, F185: "Apollocrates the son of the tyrant Dionysius was undisciplined and an alcoholic."

Ortygia
Ortygia (/ɔːrˈtɪdʒiə/ or-TIJ-ee-ə; Italian: Ortigia [orˈtiːdʒa]; Ancient Greek: Ὀρτυγία, romanized: Ortygía) is a small island which is the historical centre of the city of Syracuse, Sicily. The island, also known as the Città Vecchia (Old City), contains many historical landmarks.

The name originates from the Ancient Greek órtyx (ὄρτυξ), which means "quail".
1991 24 Hours of Daytona
The 1991 SunBank 24 at Daytona was a 24-hour endurance sports car race held on February 2–3, 1991 at the Daytona International Speedway road course. The race served as the opening round of the 1991 IMSA GT Championship.

Victory overall and in the GTP class went to the No. 7 Joest Racing Porsche 962 driven by Frank Jelinski, Henri Pescarolo, Hurley Haywood, Bob Wollek and "John Winter". Victory in the LM class went to the No. 83 Nissan Performance Technology Nissan R90CK driven by Bob Earl, Derek Daly, Chip Robinson, and Geoff Brabham. Victory in the GTP Lights class went to the No. 48 Acura Spice SE90P driven by Parker Johnstone, Steve Cameron, Doug Peterson, and Bob Lesnett. The GTO class was won by the No. 15 Whistler Mustang Ford Mustang driven by Mark Martin, Wally Dallenbach Jr., and Robby Gordon. Finally, the GTU class was won by the No. 82 Greer Racing Mazda RX-7 driven by Dick Greer, Al Bacon, Mike Mees, and Peter Uria.

Spice Engineering
Spice Engineering was a British racing team founded by driver Gordon Spice with Raymond Bellm in the early 1980s, later becoming a successful sports car constructor in 1986.  They competed in the World Sportscar Championship in Europe as well as the IMSA GT Championship in North America, at times partnering with major manufacturers such as General Motors and Honda as well as race engine manufacturer Comptech.
2019 FIBA 3x3 U18 World Cup – Women's tournament
The 2019 FIBA 3x3 U18 World Cup – Women's tournament is the seventh edition of this championship. The event was held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It was contested by 20 teams.

United States won their fourth title with a win against New Zealand in the final.

United States women's national under-18 3x3 team
The USA Women's under-18 3x3 Teams are two of the under-18 3x3 basketball teams under the auspices of the USA Basketball organization. In 2011, International Basketball Federation (FIBA) held the FIBA 3x3 U18 World Cup. It is an 3x3 under-18 basketball tournament held in every year. But the tournament was not held in 2014 and 2018 due to 3x3 basketball being an event at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics and 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. In 2020, it was not held due to COVID-19 pandemic.

As of 2024, the team has won eight times 3x3 U18 World Cup titles. Also the team won two times Youth Olympic Games gold medals.
John Rankin (Canadian politician)
John Rankin (October 1820 – 3 September 1900) was a hotelier, merchant and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Renfrew North in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1869 as a Conservative.

He was born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, the son of Colin Rankin and Mary Robertson, and was educated in Carleton, Nova Scotia. Rankin later settled in Cobden, Ontario. He married Margaret Johnston. Rankin served six years as reeve of Ross Township. He resigned his seat in the House of Commons in 1869 to allow Francis Hincks to be elected. Rankin was warden of Renfrew County from 1865 to 1866. He served as customs collector for Bowmanville from 1870 to 1895.

He died after a long illness in 1900.

Cobden, Ontario
Cobden is a small community in the Township of Whitewater Region, in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada. It is located 95 kilometres (59 mi) northwest of Ottawa, and roughly halfway between Renfrew and Pembroke on Highway 17.