hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lindsay Wilson (rower)
Lindsay Edward "Lew" Wilson (born 15 October 1948) is a former New Zealand rower who won two Olympic medals.

Wilson was born in Methven, New Zealand in 1948. At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, he teamed with Dick Joyce, Wybo Veldman, John Hunter, Tony Hurt, Joe Earl, Trevor Coker and Gary Robertson and Simon Dickie (cox) to win the gold medal in the eights. He rowed with the men's eight in the 1975 World Rowing Championships in Nottingham, Great Britain, and won a bronze medal. At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, he again crewed the eight which this time won the bronze medal. His crewmates this time were Alec McLean, Ivan Sutherland, Trevor Coker, Peter Dignan, Tony Hurt, Joe Earl and Dave Rodger and Simon Dickie (cox).

Wilson was later a public servant in Hamilton working in Maori Affairs.

Te Puni Kōkiri
Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK, also called in English the Ministry of Māori Development) is the principal policy advisor of the Government of New Zealand on Māori wellbeing and development. Te Puni Kōkiri was established under the Māori Development Act 1991 with responsibilities to promote Māori achievement in education, training and employment, health, and economic development; and monitor the provision of government services to Māori. The Māori name means "a group moving forward together".
Frattini
Frattini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Frattini, sculptor

Franco Frattini, politician

Giovanni Frattini, mathematician
Frattini argument
Frattini subgroup

Francesco Frattini, cyclist

Pietro Frattini, Belfiore martyr

Enrico Frattini, general

Federico Frattini, scholar

Gianfranco Frattini, architect and designer

Cristiano Frattini, racing cyclist

Davide Frattini, cyclist

Víctor Frattini, basketball player

Marius Frattini, rugby league footballer

Eric Frattini, writer

Pierpaolo Frattini, rower

Frattini subgroup
In mathematics, particularly in group theory, the Frattini subgroup  of a group G is the intersection of all maximal subgroups of G. For the case that G has no maximal subgroups, for example the trivial group {e} or a Prüfer group, it is defined by . It is analogous to the Jacobson radical in the theory of rings, and intuitively can be thought of as the subgroup of "small elements" (see the "non-generator" characterization below). It is named after Giovanni Frattini, who defined the concept in a paper published in 1885.
Mark Hammond (Australian politician)
Mark John Hammond (15 November 1844 – 4 February 1908) was an Australian politician.

Born in Sydney, he received a brief education at Newtown before following his father to the Braidwood gold diggings in 1852; the family moved to Sofala in 1853. He became a blacksmith and jockey and joined a Hill End mining company in 1868. On 14 July 1869 he married Mary Ann Fitzpatrick at Bathurst, with whom he had three children. He was an alderman of Ashfield Council from 1876 and served as mayor in 1882. In 1884 Hammond was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Canterbury, serving until 1887. From 1900 to 1903 he was a mining agent in Sydney and campaigned on behalf of municipal government. Hammond died at Manly in 1908.

Braidwood, New South Wales
Braidwood is a town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council. It is located on the  Kings Highway linking Canberra with Batemans Bay. It is approximately 200 kilometres south west of Sydney,  60 kilometres inland from the coast, and 55 kilometres east of Canberra. Braidwood is a service town for the surrounding district which is based on sheep and cattle grazing, and forestry operations.
Santa Cruz de la Serós
Santa Cruz de la Serós (in Aragonese: Santa Cruz d'as Serors) is a village in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Located 88 kilometers from the city of Huesca, it is located at a hill side on the way to the Monastery of San Juan de la Peña.

Province of Huesca
Huesca (Aragonese: Uesca; Catalan: Osca), officially Huesca/Uesca, is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. The capital is Huesca.

Positioned just south of the central Pyrenees, Huesca borders France and the French departments of Haute-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and Hautes-Pyrénées. Within Spain, Huesca's neighboring provinces are Navarre, Zaragoza, and Lleida.
Republican Party of India (Democratic)
The Republican Party of India (Democratic) was a political party in India. The party president was T. M. Kamble, after whose death, Nanda T. Kamble became the president of the party.

The party was a splinter group of the Republican Party of India. After the 2004 election, it had minor representation in the Lok Sabha and was a constituent of the ruling United Progressive Alliance. Its presence was limited to Maharashtra.

On 5 May 2011, the RP(D) aligned itself with the BJP-led NDA. In 2015, it was listed as one of the 26 political allies for prime minister candidate- Narendra Modi.

On 28 September 2015, the RP(D) was one of 16 parties in Maharashtra to be de-registered for not submitting audited balance sheets and IT return documents going back to 2005. Thus, they lost their official election symbols.

United Progressive Alliance
The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) was a political alliance in India led by the Indian National Congress. It was formed after the 2004 general election with support from left-leaning political parties when no single party got the majority.

The UPA subsequently governed India from 2004 until 2014 for two terms before losing power to their main rivals, the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance. The UPA used to rule seven States and union territories of India before it was dissolved to form the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance on 18 July 2023 ahead of the 2024 general election.
2017 Myanmar by-elections
The 2017 Myanmar by-elections were held on 1 April 2017. The elections were held to fill 19 vacant parliamentary seats: nine in the Pyithu Hluttaw, three in the Amyotha Hluttaw, and seven in regional parliaments of Kayah State Hluttaw and Shan State Hluttaw. The seats were left by those who became government leaders or officials after the 2015 general election, or unable to be held due to instability at that time.

Shan State Hluttaw
Shan State Hluttaw (Burmese: ရှမ်းပြည်နယ်လွှတ်တော်, Shan: လုမ်းတႅၼ်းၽွင်းၸိုင်ႈတႆး) is the legislature of Shan State in Myanmar, established on February 8, 2016. It is a unicameral body, consisting of 137 members—103 elected members and 34 military representatives. As of February 2016, Sai Long Hseng of the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) led the Hluttaw.
2014 Scotland rugby union tour of the Americas and South Africa
In June 2014, the Scotland rugby union team played single test matches against four countries; Argentina, Canada, South Africa and the United States. The opening three tests, United States, Canada and Argentina, coincided with the June international window, whereas the test against South Africa fell outside the international window. This meant players playing outside Scotland at club level were not permitted to be released by their clubs to represent Scotland against South Africa; Scotland effectively picked two separate squads, one for the USA and Canada games, the other for Argentina and South Africa.

The tour was the start of Vern Cotter's period in charge. Head coach Andy Robinson had resigned in November 2012, and the Scottish Rugby Union had appointed the subsequent interim coach Scott Johnson as Director of Rugby. Scotland lost their match to South Africa but won all three of their Americas tests.

Adam Ashe
Adam Ashe (born 24 July 1993 in Glasgow) is a Scotland international rugby union coach and former player. He is the Forwards Coach for the Glasgow Hawks. He previously played for the LA Giltinis of Major League Rugby in the MLR; and for Glasgow Warriors in the URC; and Stirling Wolves in the Super 6.

He played at the either Number 8 or Flanker.
Frederick Carter
Sir Frederick Bowker Terrington Carter KCMG (February 12, 1819 – March 1, 1900) was a Newfoundlander lawyer and politician who served as Premier of Newfoundland from 1865 to 1870 and from 1874 to 1878.

Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador
The premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Since 1949, the premier's duties and office has been the successor to the ministerial position of the prime minister of the former Dominion of Newfoundland. Before 2001, the official title was Premier of Newfoundland.

The premier is appointed by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, as representative of the King in Right of Newfoundland and Labrador. They are usually the leader of the party that commands a majority in the House of Assembly. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".

The current premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is Tony Wakeham, since October 29, 2025. He represents Stephenville-Port au Port in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly.
Krishna (Kannada actor)
Nagappa Sunil Kumar (born 12 June 1985), known professionally as Darling Krishna, is an Indian actor who primarily works in Kannada films. Krishna is a recipient of several accolades including two Karnataka State Film Awards, a Filmfare Awards South and a SIIMA Award.

Krishna made his film debut with Jackie (2010) in a minor role, For his performance in the 2013 film Madarangi, he received the SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Kannada nomination. Post his debut, Krishna starred in the Kannada soap-opera Krishna Rukmini. Krishna's career marked a turning point with his directorial debut Love Mocktail (2020) and its sequel Love Mocktail 2 (2022). He won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor – Kannada and SIIMA Award for Best Film – Kannada, for the former. Further success came with Lucky Man (2022) and Kousalya Supraja Rama (2023).

Apart from  acting, Krishna established  the production house Krishna Talkies. He is married to the actress Milana Nagaraj with whom he has a daughter.

SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Kannada
SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Kannada is presented by Vibri media group as part of its annual South Indian International Movie Awards, for the best acting done by a male actor in a leading role in his debut Kannada film. The award was first given in 2012 for films released in 2011.
Reference mark
The reference mark or reference symbol "※" is a typographic mark or word used in Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) writing.

The symbol was used historically to call attention to an important sentence or idea, such as a prologue or footnote. As an indicator of a note, the mark serves the same purpose as the asterisk in English. However, in Japanese usage, the note text is placed directly into the main text immediately after the reference mark, rather than at the bottom of the page or end of chapter as is the case in English writing.

Radical 119
Radical 119 or radical rice (米部) meaning "rice" is one of the 29 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 6 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 318 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

米 is also the 144th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.
Fritz William Michel
Fritz William Michel (born 1980) is a Haitian politician who was nominated for Prime Minister of Haiti on 22 July 2019, but was not confirmed as such by parliament.

He was previously the Chief Accountant at the Ministry of the Economy and Finance from 2009 to 2011.

Haitians
Haitians (Haitian Creole: Ayisyen, French: Haïtiens) are the citizens and nationals of Haiti. The Haitian people have their origins in West and Central Africa with the most spoken language being Haitian Creole. The larger Haitian diaspora includes individuals that trace ancestry to Haiti and self-identify as Haitian but are not necessarily Haitian by citizenship. The United States and the Dominican Republic have the largest Haitian populations in the world after Haiti.

An ethnonational group, Haitians generally comprise the modern descendants of self-liberated Africans in the Caribbean territory historically referred to as Saint-Domingue. This includes the mulatto minority who denote corresponding European ancestry, notably from French settlers.
Ricky Leutele
Ricky Leutele (born 10 April 1990) is a former Samoa international rugby league footballer who last played as a centre for the Souths Logan Magpies in the Queensland Cup.

Leutele previously played for the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League, Toronto Wolfpack in the Championship and the Super League, the Melbourne Storm and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL. He was part of the Cronulla team that won their maiden premiership title in the 2016 NRL Grand Final, making the final tackle.

NSW Cup
The NSW Cup, currently known as the Knock-On Effect NSW Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a rugby league competition for clubs in New South Wales. The competition has a history dating back to the NSWRFL's origins in 1908, starting off as a reserve grade competition, and is now the premier open age competition in the state. The New South Wales Cup, along with the Queensland Cup, acts as a feeder competition to the National Rugby League premiership. The competition is the oldest continuous rugby league competition in Australia.

The NSW Cup is contested by reserve squads of NSW-based NRL teams and also includes sides representing teams that once competed at the first grade level in the NSWRL Premiership but no longer field teams in the NRL competition, and teams that have not fielded teams in the NRL competition. The North Sydney Bears are the only team to have competed in every season, since the start of the competition since 1908.
Timeline of space travel by nationality
Since the first human spaceflight by the Soviet Union, citizens of 55 countries have flown in space. For each nationality, the launch date of the first mission is listed. The list is based on the nationality of the person at the time of the launch. Only 8 of 55 countries have been represented by female "first flyers" (Helen Sharman for the United Kingdom in 1991, Anousheh Ansari for Iran in 2006, Yi So-yeon for South Korea in 2008, Sara Sabry for Egypt in 2022, and Keisha Schahaff and Anastatia Mayers for Antigua and Barbuda in 2023, Namira Salim for Pakistan in 2023, Marina Vasilevskaya for Belarus in 2024, Aisha Bowe for The Bahamas in 2025). Only three nations (Soviet Union/Russia, U.S., China) have launched their own crewed spacecraft, with the Soviets/Russians and the American programs providing rides to other nations' astronauts. Twenty-eight "first flights" occurred on Soviet or Russian flights while the United States carried twenty-six.

Maryna Vasileuskaya
Maryna Vitaleuna Vasileuskaya (Belarusian: Марына Віталеўна Васілеўская; born 14 September 1990) is a Belarusian cosmonaut and flight attendant for Belavia Airlines. She is the first Belarusian woman to be launched into space.
Thomas Wriothesley
Sir Thomas Wriothesley (/ˈraɪəθsli/ RY-əth-slee; died 24 November 1534) was a long serving officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. He was the son of Garter King of Arms, John Writhe, and he succeeded his father in this office.

Officer of arms
An officer of arms is a person appointed by a sovereign or state with authority to perform one or more of the following functions:

to control and initiate armorial matters;

to arrange and participate in ceremonies of state;

to conserve and interpret heraldic and genealogical records.
3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine
3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine or TMB is a chromogenic substrate used in staining procedures in immunohistochemistry as well as being a visualising reagent used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). TMB is a white solid that forms a pale blue-green liquid in solution with ethyl acetate. TMB is degraded by sunlight and by fluorescent lights. Used to detect hematuria as it turns blue in contact with hemoglobin.

Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry is a form of immunostaining. It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens in cells and tissue, by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues. Albert Hewett Coons, Ernest Berliner, Norman Jones and Hugh J Creech was the first to develop immunofluorescence in 1941. This led to the later development of immunohistochemistry.

Immunohistochemical staining is widely used in the diagnosis of abnormal cells such as those found in cancerous tumors. In some cancer cells certain tumor antigens are expressed which make it possible to detect. Immunohistochemistry is also widely used in basic research, to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers and differentially expressed proteins in different parts of a biological tissue.
Sługocice, Gmina Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Sługocice [swuɡɔˈt͡ɕit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tomaszów Mazowiecki, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 56 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Sługocice ca 1925

Road to village

House

Church

Residents

School

Women's clothing

Men's clothing

Village plan

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
The Manga Bible: From Genesis to Revelation
The Manga Bible: From Genesis to Revelation is an original English-language manga adaptation of the Bible created by British artist Ajinbayo "Siku" Akinsiku, who was responsible for the concept and the art and the scripter Akin Akinsiku. It was released in July 2007 by Galilee Trade. They summarize the narrative of the Bible in a 200-page graphic novel including the Old Testament and the New Testament. With their work, they combine the Western and the Japanese culture to tell the Bible in a new way. The book is especially aimed at readers between the ages of 15 and 25. Church representatives were praising the graphic novel, as opening up the ideas of the Bible to a new target group. Ajinbayo Akinsiku was born in England and grew up in Nigeria; he now lives again in England. He thus represents different cultures in his artistic work, which becomes also apparent in The Manga Bible. He became known for his work on 2000 AD and Judge Dredd.

Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.
Dimitri Demonière
Dimitri Demonière (born 28 March 1979) is a French sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.

At the 1998 World Junior Championships he finished fourth in the 100 metres and sixth in the 4 x 100 metres relay. He also finished seventh in relay at the 2006 World Cup. He competed individually at the 2006 European Championships without reaching the final round.

His personal best time is 10.27 seconds, achieved in July 2006 in Tomblaine.

Since October 2016, he is the trainer of Jimmy Vicaut at the INSEP.

INSEP
INSEP, the National Institute of Sport, Expertise, and Performance (Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance), is a French sport boarding school, training institute and center that trains elite athletes. It is located on the outskirts of Paris, in the Bois de Vincennes.
Junior Stars
Junior Stars (ジュニアスターズ, Juniasutāzu) is a professional wrestling tag team consisting of Minoru Tanaka and Koji Kanemoto. Forming in 1999, the team became one of the most popular in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), winning the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship in June 2000. After Kanemoto joined Team 2000 and Minoru became the masked Heat character in 2002, the team went on hiatus until 2004, when they reunited albeit for one night only as Minoru turned on Kanemoto during the match. The team officially reunited in All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) in 2012, where they won the All Asia Tag Team Championship twice. The two left AJPW to join the newly formed Wrestle-1 in 2013, and continue to team together on the Japanese independent circuit.

IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship
The IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship (IWGPジュニアヘビー級王座, IWGP juniahebī-kyū ōza) is a professional wrestling world junior heavyweight championship owned by the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion. "IWGP" is the acronym of NJPW's governing body, the International Wrestling Grand Prix (インターナショナル・レスリング・グラン・プリ, intānashonaru resuringu guran puri). Only wrestlers under the junior heavyweight weight-limit may hold the championship. NJPW currently controls two junior heavyweight championships: the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship and the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. The weight-limit for the title is 100 kg (220 lb). The current champion is Douki, who is in his second reign.
Queck
Queck is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elise Queck (married Augustat; 1889– 1940), German politician

Gustav Queck (1822–1897), German educator and classical philologist

Horst Queck (1943–2025), German ski jumper

Manfred Queck (1941–1977), German ski jumper

Richard Queck (1888–1968), German footballer

Gustav Queck
Gustav Adolf Queck (18 March 1822, Zadelsdorf – 1897, Treptow an der Rega) was a German educator and classical philologist.

From 1841 to 1845 he studied philology at the University of Jena. Following graduation he worked as a schoolteacher in Sondershausen, where in 1853 he received the title of professor. In 1866 he became a school prorector in Pyritz, and during the following year was named director of the newly founded gymnasium in Dramburg.
23rd Light Horse Regiment
The 23rd Light Horse Regiment (Barossa) was a Citizens Military Force (CMF) unit of the Australian Light Horse, formed during the 1912 reorganisation of the Australian Army. The regiment traces its origins back to the militia cavalry units raised in the colony of South Australia, specifically the South Australian Mounted Rifles.

Australian Army Reserve
The Australian Army Reserve is a collective name given to the reserve units of the Australian Army. Since the Federation of Australia in 1901, the reserve military force has been known by many names, including the Citizens Forces, the Citizen Military Forces, the Militia and, unofficially, the Australian Military Forces. In 1980, however, the current name—Australian Army Reserve—was officially adopted, and it now consists of a number of components based around the level of commitment and training obligation that its members are required to meet.