hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radha Cuadrado
Radha Cuadrado (born December 13, 1976) is a Filipino singer and actress best known as an original member of the Filipino-Canadian hip-hop group Kulay. Prior to that, she was part of the group 14-K. After leaving Kulay, Cuadrado pursued a solo career and performed in theater and lounge shows. She later starred in the TV series Diva on GMA 7. She also took part in the first season of The Voice of the Philippines and the second season of Masked Singer Pilipinas.

Himig Handog
Himig Handog (Eng: Musical Offering) is a multimedia songwriting and music video competition in the Philippines based in Quezon City. The competition is operated by ABS-CBN Corporation and its music subsidiary Star Music. The contest ran from 2000 to 2003 and was later revived in 2013. The theme of the contest has been love songs since 2002.

Since its revival, it is popularly regarded as "the country's premier songwriting contest" with Pinoy songwriters and composers submitting thousands of original compositions annually, and the country's top singers interpreting the songs in a live event.
Through the Eyes of a Child (Aurora song)
"Through the Eyes of a Child" is a song by Norwegian singer-songwriter Aurora from her debut studio album, All My Demons Greeting Me as a Friend (2016). It was released on 28 March 2025, through Decca and Glassnote Records, as the seventh and final single from the album. The song was featured on Netflix TV series Adolescence.

Glassnote Records
Glassnote Records (also known as Glassnote Entertainment Group LLC) is a record label that was launched by American music executive Daniel Glass in 2007. The label primarily has a lineup of indie rock and alternative rock artists, most notably Mumford & Sons and Phoenix. The label has also released music from popular artists in other genres, such as Silvana Estrada, Chvrches, Childish Gambino and Secondhand Serenade.
Pre-colonial history of Northern Nigeria
The pre-colonial history of Northern Nigeria encompasses the history of Northern Nigeria before the advent of European explorers and the subsequent pacification of Northern Nigeria by the British Empire. In pre-historical times, the area known as Northern Nigeria was home to the Kwatarkwashi/Nok culture. Elements of human civilization have also been discovered around the Niger River near Kainji Dam.

Kabara (title)
Kabara, also known as Magajiya, is a chieftaincy title used by the matriarchal monarchs that ruled the Hausa people in medieval times. The Kano Chronicle gives the following list of matriarchal monarchs that was said to have culminated and ended with the rule of Daurama II, the last Kabara of Daura.
Restituta
Restituta (Restituta of Africa; died in AD 255 or 304) is a Berber saint and martyr of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. She was said to have been born in Carthage or Teniza (presently Ras Djebel, Tunisia) and martyred under Roman Emperor Diocletian.  The location and date of her martyrdom are not precisely known. She sometimes is considered one of the Martyrs of Abitinae, Roman Province of Africa, a group of North Africans including Dativus, Saturninus, et alia, who were martyred in AD 304.

Roman Africans
The Roman Africans or African Romans (Latin: Afri) were the ancient populations of Roman Africa that had a Romanized culture, some of whom spoke their own variety of Latin as a result. They existed from the Roman conquest until their language gradually faded out after the Arab conquest of North Africa from West Asia in the Early Middle Ages (approximately the 8th century AD).

Roman Africans lived in all the coastal cities of contemporary Tunisia, Western Libya, Eastern Algeria, as well as West Algeria and Northern Morocco, though in a more limited fashion, mainly concentrated in the coastal areas and large towns. The area between East Algeria and Western Libya became known under Arab rule as Ifriqiya, an Arabized version of the name of the Roman province of Africa.

Many Roman Africans were generally local Berbers or Punics, but also the descendants of the populations that came directly from Rome and Roman Italy itself or the diverse regions of the Empire as legionaries and senators.
Philippe-Charles Schmerling
Philippe-Charles or Philip Carel Schmerling (2 March 1791 Delft – 7 November 1836, Liège) was a Dutch/Belgian prehistorian, pioneer in paleontology, and geologist. He is often considered the founder of paleontology.

In 1829 he discovered the first Neanderthal fossil in a cave in Engis, the partial cranium of a small child, although it was not recognized as such until 1936, and is now thought to be between 30,000 and 70,000 years old. It was the second discovery of a fossil of the genus Homo after the discovery of the Red Lady of Paviland in Wales in 1823.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Lebanon–Libya relations
Lebanon–Libya relations are the diplomatic relations between Lebanon and Libya. Both sovereign states are members of the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Libya has an embassy in Beirut and Lebanon has an embassy in Tripoli. Relations between the two countries have been tense, particularly with the Lebanese Shia Amal Movement due to the kidnapping of imam Musa al-Sadr in Libya in 1978 during the leadership of Muammar Gaddafi.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Chernoff's distribution
In probability theory, Chernoff's distribution, named after Herman Chernoff, is the probability distribution of the random variable

where W is a "two-sided" Wiener process (or two-sided "Brownian motion") satisfying W(0) = 0.  
If

then V(0, c) has density

where gc has Fourier transform given by

and where Ai is the Airy function.  Thus fc is symmetric about 0 and the density ƒZ = ƒ1. Groeneboom (1989) shows that

where  is the largest zero of the Airy function Ai and where . In the same paper, Groeneboom also gives an analysis of the process . The connection with the statistical problem of estimating a monotone density is discussed in Groeneboom (1985). Chernoff's distribution is now known to appear in a wide range of monotone problems including isotonic regression.

The Chernoff distribution should not be confused with the Chernoff geometric distribution  (called the Chernoff point in information geometry) induced by the Chernoff information.

Isotonic regression
In statistics and numerical analysis, isotonic regression or monotonic regression is the technique of fitting a free-form line to a sequence of observations such that the fitted line is non-decreasing (or non-increasing) everywhere, and lies as close to the observations as possible.
Petr Velička
Petr Velička (born 26 February 1967 in Frýdek-Místek) is a Czech chess grandmaster.

He was awarded the GM title in 2007. His best placing in the Czech Chess Championship was a second place in 1999 in Lázně Bohdaneč.

Frýdek-Místek
Frýdek-Místek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈfriːdɛk ˈmiːstɛk], Polish: Frydek-Mistek; German: Friede(c)k-Mistek) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 54,000 inhabitants. It is located in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills, at the confluence of the Ostravice and Morávka rivers.

Frýdek-Místek is an administratively united pair of towns. Frýdek is located in the historical region of Czech Silesia, while Místek is in Moravia, and they are divided by the Ostravice River. They were two separate towns until the merger in 1943.

The historic centres of both Frýdek and Místek are well preserved and are protected as two urban monument zones. The most important historical landmark is a pilgrimage site with the Basilica of the Visitation of Our Lady, which is protected as a national cultural monument.
Muzhi
Muzhi (Russian: Мужи) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Muzhi, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pytalovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Muzhi, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a selo in Shuryshkarsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Muzhi, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Muzhi (Russian: Мужи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Shuryshkarsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the bank of the Ob River. Population:  3,609 (2010 Census); 3,200 (2002 Census); 2,813 (1989 Soviet census).
Latvian Wikipedia
The Latvian Wikipedia (Latvian: Vikipēdija latviešu valodā [ˈvikipɜːdija] ⓘ) is the Latvian-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was created on 6 June 2003. With 138,795 articles, it is currently the 67th-largest Wikipedia as measured by the number of articles and the second-largest Wikipedia in a Baltic language, after the Lithuanian Wikipedia, which is the 54th-largest with 224,247 articles.

As of February 2021, it was the most visited language Wikipedia in Latvia. It ranked before the Russian Wikipedia and the English Wikipedia.

Zolitūde shopping centre roof collapse
On 21 November 2013 the roof of a Maxima shopping centre in the Zolitūde neighbourhood of Riga, Latvia, collapsed at 17:44 local time, resulting in the deaths of 54 people, including three rescue workers, and injuries to another 41 people. An unknown number of people were able to leave the store on their own after the initial collapse. It was the worst disaster in Latvia since 1950, when the steamer Mayakovsky sank in Riga, killing 147 people. The disaster is often called Zolitūdes traģēdija ("Tragedy of Zolitūde" or "Zolitūde tragedy") by Latvian media outlets.
Malaysia Crime Prevention Foundation
The Malaysia Crime Prevention Foundation (MCPF; Malay: Yayasan Pencegahan Jenayah Malaysia) is a Malaysian non-profit governmental organization tasked to promote awareness in crime prevention and rehabilitation of offenders at all times.

It is established on 11 January 1993 and officially inaugurated by the then-Malaysian Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad who also served as the Patron of the foundation.

Prime Minister of Malaysia
The prime minister of Malaysia (Malay: Perdana Menteri Malaysia; Jawi: ڤردان منتري مليسيا‎) is the head of government of Malaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the federal government. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints the prime minister who is a member of Parliament (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. The prime minister is usually the leader of the party winning the most seats in a general election.

After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, Tunku Abdul Rahman, whom was the chief minister of the Federation of Malaya at the time, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.

The current prime minister is Anwar Ibrahim, who was elected in the 2022 Malaysian general election.
The Rising Tour
The Rising Tour was a concert tour by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band's to promote Springsteen's twelfth album The Rising, which was released on July 30, 2002. The worldwide tour, which ended in October 2003, reached 17 countries. A performance filmed in Barcelona aired live on MTV Europe and VH1 UK and was later released on DVD as Live in Barcelona.

Roy Bittan
Roy J. Bittan (born July 2, 1949) is an American musician who is a long-time member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band. Nicknamed "The Professor", Bittan joined the E Street Band in 1974. He plays the piano, organ, accordion and synthesizers. Bittan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014 as a member of the E Street Band.

Aside from his membership in the E Street Band, Bittan has worked as a session musician for singer-songwriters and rock and pop artists.
Martian Land
Martian Land is a 2015 direct-to-video Science fiction action film directed by Scott Wheeler and starring Alan Pietruszewski, Lane Townsend and Jennifer Dorogi. It was made by The Asylum. In the tradition of The Asylum's catalog, Martian Land is a mockbuster of the film The Martian.

Mockbuster
A mockbuster, also known as knockbuster, is a film created to exploit the publicity of another major motion picture with a similar title or subject. Mockbusters are often made with a low budget and quick production to maximize profits. The term is a portmanteau of the words "mock" or "knock" and "blockbuster".

Unlike films produced to capitalize on the popularity of a recent release by adopting similar genre or storytelling elements, mockbusters are generally produced concurrently with upcoming films and released direct-to-video around the time the film they are inspired by is released. A mockbuster may be similar enough in title or packaging that consumers confuse it with the actual film it mimics; however, their producers maintain that they are simply offering additional products for consumers who want to watch more films in the same subgenres.
St. Thomas Catholic High School for Boys
St. Thomas Catholic High School for Boys is a former Catholic high school building at 921 W. State Street in Rockford, Illinois. The Diocese of Rockford opened the school along with a corresponding girls' school in 1929 to address rising enrollment. Rockford architect Wybe Jelles Van der Meer designed the school in the Gothic Revival style, which was commonly used for Catholic churches and schools. The school's design borrows elements from several subtypes of Gothic Revival, including Tudor Gothic and Collegiate Gothic. It includes a gable roof with a side gable at its eastern end, multicolored brick striping on the first floor, dormers on the north and south sides of the roof, a stone entrance bay with a turret, and trefoil arches and windows. The school closed in 1963 and has since been used as an office building by several Catholic organizations.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 4, 2018.

Trefoil
A trefoil (from Latin  trifolium 'three-leaved plant') is a graphic form composed of the outline of three overlapping rings, used in architecture, Pagan and Christian symbolism, among other areas. The term is also applied to other symbols with a threefold shape. A similar shape with four rings is called a quatrefoil.
Cynips douglasii
Cynips douglasii, the spined turbaned gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. It induces galls in valley oaks, blue oak, and California scrub oak. The leaf galls induced by the parthenogenic, unisexual generation in summer are noted for their spines and can be white, purple, or pink. They can be up to 10 millimetres (0.39 in) wide and 15 millimetres (0.59 in) high. Adult females emerge from these galls in winter. The bisexual generation induces rounder, green bud galls in spring.

Quercus berberidifolia
Quercus berberidifolia, commonly known as the California scrub oak or barberry-leaved scrub oak, is a species of scrub oak in the white oak section of Quercus. It is a shrub typically reaching heights of 1–2 metres (3+1⁄2–6+1⁄2 ft), characterized by its shiny green leaves, minute rayed trichomes on the lower leaf surface, and barrel-shaped acorns. Native to the United States and Mexico, it is one of the most common scrub oaks in central and southern California, and is found usually in chaparral at mid-elevations from the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the California Coast Ranges and south into Baja California near Ensenada.
Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway
The Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway (CB&SCR) was an Irish gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) railway in Ireland. It opened in 1849 as the Cork and Bandon Railway (C&BR), changed its name to Cork Bandon and South Coast Railway in 1888 and became part of the Great Southern Railway (GSR) in 1924.

The CB&SCR served the south coast of County Cork between Cork and Bantry. It had a route length of 94 miles (151 km), all of it single track. Many road car routes connected with the line, including the route from Bantry to Killarney.

Following absorption into the GSR and the network could be referred to as the West Cork Railways or variations thereof, this also encompassing the former previously independent Cork and Macroom Direct Railway and the Timoleague and Courtmacsherry Railway.

Killarney
Killarney (/kɪˈlɑːrni/ kil-AR-nee; Irish: Cill Airne [ˌciːl̠ʲ ˈaːɾˠn̠ʲə], meaning 'church of sloes') is a town in County Kerry, southwestern Ireland. The town is on the northeastern shore of Lough Leane, part of Killarney National Park, and is home to St Mary's Cathedral, Ross Castle, Muckross House and Abbey, the Lakes of Killarney, MacGillycuddy's Reeks, Purple Mountain, Mangerton Mountain, Paps Mountain, the Gap of Dunloe and Torc Waterfall. Its natural heritage, history and location on the Ring of Kerry make Killarney a popular tourist destination.

The town's population was 14,412 as of the 2022 census, making it the second largest in the county. Killarney won the Best Kept Town award in 2007, in a cross-border competition jointly organised by the Department of the Environment and the Northern Ireland Amenity Council. In 2011, it was named Ireland's tidiest town and the cleanest town in the country by Irish Business Against Litter.
1985 Armagh District Council election
Elections to Armagh District Council were held on 15 May 1985 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used four district electoral areas to elect a total of 22 councillors.

Local government in Northern Ireland
Local government in Northern Ireland is divided among 11 single-tier districts known as local government districts (abbreviated LGDs) and formerly known as district council areas (DCAs). Councils in Northern Ireland do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing (although they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council). Their 
functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.
Shirakavan (ancient city)
Shirakavan (Armenian: Շիրակաւան); founded as Yerazgavors and later Yerazgavork, was a medieval Armenian city and one of the 13 historic capitals of Armenia, serving as a capital city between 890 and 929 during the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.

The city was located on the right bank of Akhurian River to the northeast of Ani, corresponding with the current village of Çetindurak of Akyaka district of Kars Province, within the Republic of Turkey.

Akyaka, Kars
Akyaka (Ottoman Turkish: شوره کل, romanized: Şoregil, Şöregel; Azerbaijani: Ağyaxa or Şörəyəl; Armenian: Ղզըլ-Չախչախ, romanized: Ghzyl-Chakhchakh) is a town in Kars Province in eastern Turkey. It is the seat of Akyaka District. Its population is 2,026 (2022). It is located on Turkey's closed border with Armenia.

The town is populated by Azerbaijanis and Karapapakhs.
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
The European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering obstetrics and gynecology and reproductive biology. It was originally established as Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor Verloskunde en Gynaecologie in 1889, briefly renaming itself European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1971, and acquiring its current name in 1972. and is published by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Janesh K. Gupta (University of Birmingham). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.809.

Obstetrics and gynaecology
Obstetrics and gynaecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obst and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynaecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system  – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts). The specialization is an important part of care for women's health.

Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs' health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.
Tropicalia (song)
"Tropicalia" is a song from Beck's 1998 album Mutations. It was released as a single in the UK in December 1998. The B-side "Halo of Gold" is a drastically reworked cover version of "Furry Heroine (Halo of Gold)" by Skip Spence.

Skip Spence
Alexander "Skip" Spence (born Alexander Lee Spence, Jr.; April 18, 1946 – April 16, 1999) was a Canadian singer-songwriter and musician. He was co-founder of Moby Grape, and played guitar with them until 1969. In the same year, he released his only solo album, Oar, and then largely withdrew from the music industry. He had started his career as a guitarist in an early line-up of Quicksilver Messenger Service, and was the drummer on Jefferson Airplane's debut album, Jefferson Airplane Takes Off. He has been described on the AllMusic website as "one of psychedelia's brightest lights"; however, his career was plagued by drug addiction coupled with mental health problems, and he has been described by a biographer as a man who "neither died young nor had a chance to find his way out."
Westwood Independent School District
Westwood Independent School District is a public school district based in Palestine, Texas (USA).  The district serves part of Palestine and rural areas in west central Anderson County.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Anderson County, Texas
Anderson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. Located within East Texas, its county seat is Palestine. As of the 2020 United States census, the population of Anderson County was 57,922. Anderson County comprises the Palestine micropolitan statistical area. Anderson County was organized in 1846, and was named after Kenneth Lewis Anderson (1805–1845), the last vice president of the Republic of Texas.