hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pavel Fradkov
Pavel Mikhailovich Fradkov (Russian: Павел Миха́йлович Фрадков) is a Russian government official serving as a deputy head of the Presidential Administration of Russia. In June 2024, he was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation (Responsible for the Development of the Technical Basis for the Management System and Information Technology) and 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation
1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation (Russian: действительный государственный советник Российской Федерации 1 класса) is the highest federal state civilian service rank of Russia.

The rank of the 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation was first introduced with enactment of the Federal Law of 31 July 1995 No.119-FZ "About fundamentals of state service of Russian Federation" (as qualification class) and was retained with enactment of the Federal Law of 27 July 2004 No.79-FZ "About state civilian service of Russian Federation" (as state civilian service rank).

The rank is assigned by the President of Russia. This rank is one step above the rank of 2nd class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

According to the Table approved by the Presidential Decree of 1 February 2005 No.113, the rank of the 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation is equal to the military rank of the Army general/Fleet admiral.
American Cadet Alliance
The American Cadet Alliance (ACA), formerly the United States Army Cadet Corps (USAC) was founded under the name "Colonel Cody's Boy Scouts" by Captain James H. C. Smyth at the First Presbyterian Church, Manhattan, New York in 1909.  The ACA is the oldest nationwide Cadet program in the United States. It is the National Cadet Program branch of the American Military Cadet Corps (AMCC), its parent organization. ACA and American Military Cadet Corps is an Independent National Cadet Program (similar to the Young Marines) and therefore is not a governmental agency, and is not an official entity of the United States Army.

The ACA (former USAC) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit youth education organization.

Cadet
A cadet is a student or trainee within various organisations, primarily in military contexts where individuals undergo training to become commissioned officers. However, several civilian organisations, including civil aviation groups, maritime organisations, and police services, also designate their auxiliary members and trainees as cadets.
HLA-A31
HLA-A31 (A31) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α31 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A31, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*31 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. This group currently is dominated by A*3101. A31 and A*31 are almost synonymous in meaning.
A31 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A19. A31 is a sister serotype of A29, A30, A32, A33, and A74.

A31 is more common in South and Central America.

Serotype
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their shared reactivity between their surface antigens and a particular antiserum, allowing the classification of organisms to a level below the species. A group of serovars with common antigens is called a serogroup or sometimes serocomplex.

Serotyping often plays an essential role in determining species and subspecies. The Salmonella genus of bacteria, for example, has been determined to have over 2600 serotypes. Vibrio cholerae, the species of bacteria that causes cholera, has over 200 serotypes, based on cell antigens. Only two of them have been observed to produce the potent enterotoxin that results in cholera: O1 and O139.

Serotypes were discovered in hemolytic streptococci by the American microbiologist Rebecca Lancefield in 1933.
Gershwin Prize
The Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song is an award given to a composer or performer for their lifetime contributions to popular music. Created in 2007 by the United States Library of Congress, the prize is named after brothers George and Ira Gershwin, whose contributions to popular music included songs such as "I Got Rhythm", "Embraceable You", and "Someone to Watch Over Me", the orchestral pieces Rhapsody in Blue and An American in Paris, and the opera Porgy and Bess.

Diana Krall
Diana Jean Krall OC OBC (born November 16, 1964) is a Canadian jazz pianist and singer known for her contralto vocals. She has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide, including over six million in the U.S. On December 11, 2009, Billboard magazine named her the second-greatest jazz artist of the decade (2000–2009), establishing her as one of the best-selling artists of her time.

Krall is the only jazz singer to have had eight albums debut at the top of the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. She has won two Grammy Awards and eight Juno Awards. She has also earned nine gold, three platinum, and seven multi-platinum albums.
Buckaroo Sheriff of Texas
Buckaroo Sheriff of Texas is a 1951 American Western film directed by Philip Ford and starring Michael Chapin, Eilene Janssen and James Bell.

The film's sets were designed by art director Frank Arrigo.

Philip Ford (film director)
Philip John Ford (né Feeney; October 16, 1900 – January 12, 1976) was an American film director and actor. He directed more than 40 films between 1945 and 1964. He also appeared 16 in films between 1916 and 1926. He was the son of actor/director Francis Ford and the nephew of director John Ford.  He was born with the family name Feeney in Portland, Maine, and only later took on the family name of "Ford" after his father and uncle had.  He died in Los Angeles, California.
Cowboys and Clowns
"Cowboys and Clowns" is a song written by Steve Dorff, Snuff Garrett, Gary Harju and Larry Herbstritt, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie Milsap.  It was released in June 1980 and is featured on the soundtrack for the film Bronco Billy.  The song was Milsap's fifteenth number one on the country chart.  The single stayed number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country chart.

The song was issued as a double A-side with a cover of Porter Wagoner's 1962 hit "Misery Loves Company".

Porter Wagoner
Porter Wayne Wagoner (August 12, 1927 – October 28, 2007) was an American country music singer known for his flashy Nudie and Manuel suits and blond pompadour.

In 1967, he introduced singer Dolly Parton on his television show, The Porter Wagoner Show. She became part of a well-known vocal duo with him from the late 1960s to the early 1970s.

Known as Mr. Grand Ole Opry, Wagoner charted 81 singles from 1954 to 1983. He was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2002.
Lions of Hussein
The Guardians of Syria Forces - Lions of Hussein (Arabic: قوات حماة سوريا - أسود الحسين, Quwat Humat Souriya - Usud al-Hussein), formerly known as Lions of Hussein Brigade (Arabic: لواء أسود الحسين, Liwa Usud al-Hussein) and often shortened to Lions of Hussein, was an Alawite militia which fought for the Ba'athist government during the Syrian Civil War.

The unit originated from Shabiha, a criminal organization that operated in Latakia Governorate since the 1980s, and only adopted its 
name and appearance in 2015. Since then, the Lions of Hussein reportedly continued their "criminal activities on the side".

Latakia Governorate
Latakia Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة اللاذقية Muḥāfaẓat al-Lādhiqīyah), officially known as Lattakia Governorate, and also transliterated as Ladhakia, is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay Province to the north, Idlib and Hama Governorate to the east, Tartus Governorate to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Its reported area varies in different sources from 2,297 km2 (887 sq mi) to 2,437 km2 (941 sq mi). The governorate has a population of 1,008,000 (2011 estimate).
Gyo
Gyo (ギョ; "Fish"), fully titled Gyo Ugomeku Bukimi (ギョ うごめく不気味; lit. "Fish: Ghastly Squirming") in Japan, is a horror seinen manga written and illustrated by Junji Ito, appearing as a serial in the weekly manga magazine Big Comic Spirits from 2001 to 2002. Shogakukan collected the chapters into two bound volumes from February to May 2002. The story revolves around a couple, Tadashi and Kaori, as they fight to survive against a mysterious horde of undead fish with metal legs powered by an odor known as the "death stench". The work also includes a pair of bonus stories, titled The Sad Tale of the Principal Post and The Enigma of Amigara Fault.

Viz Media published an English-language translation of the two volumes in North America from September 2003 to March 2004 and re-released it from October 2007 to January 2008.
An anime adaptation by Ufotable was released on February 15, 2012.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Riad Bajić
Riad Bajić (pronounced [rǐad bâːjitɕ]; born 6 May 1994) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Cypriot First Division club AEK Larnaca.

Bajić started his professional career at Željezničar, before joining Konyaspor in 2015. Two years later, he signed with Udinese, who loaned him to İstanbul Başakşehir in 2018, back to Konyaspor in 2019, to Ascoli in 2020 and to Brescia in 2021. The following year, he moved to Giresunspor. In 2023, Bajić switched to Ankaragücü. Two years later, he joined AEK Larnaca.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bajić made his senior international debut in 2017, earning 12 caps until 2019.

Cypriot First Division
The Cypriot First Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Α΄ Κατηγορίας), also known as the Cyprus League by Stoiximan for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Cyprus and the highest level of the Cypriot football league system. Operated by the Cyprus Football Association, the league is contested by fourteen teams and runs from August to May, with the three lowest-placed teams being relegated to the Cypriot Second Division, and replaced by the top three teams in that division.
Wissembourg Gap
The Wissembourg Gap (French: trouée de Wissembourg, German: Weißenburger Senke) is a corridor of open terrain, approximately six kilometres (3.7 miles) wide, between the hills of the Palatinate Forest to the west and the Bienwald forest (and beyond that the Upper Rhine) to the east. It marks the border between the Palatinate to the north and Alsace to the south, and by extension between Germany and France.  The Gap is dominated by the French town of Wissembourg, from which it takes its name. The average altitude of the land in the corridor rises from 150 metres by the Bienwald to 250 metres by the Palatinate Forest.

Because of the Wissembourg Gap's position on the Franco-German border, it has frequently been a favoured route for military invasions, notably during the War of the Austrian Succession, the French Revolutionary Wars, the Franco-Prussian War, and the Second World War.

Wissembourg
Wissembourg (French pronunciation: [visɑ̃buʁ] ⓘ; South Franconian: Weisseburch [ˈvaɪsəbʊʁç]; German: Weißenburg [ˈvaɪsn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

Wissembourg was a sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. The name Wissembourg is a Gallicized version of Weißenburg (Weissenburg) in German meaning "white castle". The Latin place-name, sometimes used in ecclesiastical sources, is Sebusium.

The town was annexed by France after 1648 but then incorporated into Germany in 1871. It was returned to France in 1919, but reincorporated back into Germany in 1940. After 1944 it again became French.
Minna B. Hall
Minna B. Hall (27 July 1859 – 24 July 1951) was an American socialite and environmentalist. Her most notable achievements include the co-founding of the Massachusetts Audubon Society and the ratification of the Weeks-McLean Act by the US Congress. Together with her cousin, Harriet Lawrence Hemenway, Hall organized ladies' teas at which she urged women to stop wearing hats with feathers. Hall's boycott of the fashion of wearing plumes ultimately changed the future of the American feather trade, and her activism remains a key event in the history of ornithological conservation.

Minna lived on 156, Ivy Street in Brookline, Massachusetts, for over 90 years. The pond by her house has been preserved as a wildlife sanctuary.

Plume (feather)
A plume is a special type of bird feather, possessed by egrets, ostriches, birds of paradise, quetzals, pheasants, peacocks and quails. They often have a decorative or ornamental purpose, commonly used among marching bands and the military, worn on the hat or helmet of the wearer. When used on military headdresses, the clipped feather plume is referred to as the hackle.
Queen of Wands
The Queen of Wands is a court card in the Minor Arcana set of the tarot.

Tarot cards are used throughout much of Europe to play tarot card games. In English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes.

Tarot card reading
Tarot card reading is a form of cartomancy whereby practitioners use tarot cards to purportedly gain insight into the past, present or future. The process typically begins with formulation of a question, followed by drawing and interpreting cards to uncover meaning. A traditional tarot deck consists of 78 cards, which can be split into two groups, the Major Arcana and Minor Arcana. French-suited playing cards can also be used; as can any card system with suits assigned to identifiable elements (e.g., air, earth, fire, water).
Gmina Trzeszczany
Gmina Trzeszczany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Trzeszczany, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Hrubieszów and 95 km (59 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 90.17 square kilometres (34.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,641 (4,548 in 2013).

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Donnie (dog)
Donnie is a Doberman Pinscher dog who came to the attention of scientists due to his penchant for arranging his plush toys in geometric forms. His owner rescued him from an animal shelter, and at first he was slow to learn, and very reluctant to interact socially with her.

Dobermann
The Dobermann is a German breed of medium-large working dog of pinscher type. It was originally bred in Thuringia in about 1890 by Louis Dobermann, a tax collector. It has a long muzzle and – ideally – an even and graceful gait. The ears were traditionally cropped and the tail docked, practices which are now illegal in many countries.

The Dobermann is intelligent, alert and tenaciously loyal; it is kept as a guard dog or as a companion animal. In Canada and the United States it is known as the Doberman Pinscher.
Pirg
Pirg is a village and a former municipality in the Korçë County, southeastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Maliq. The population at the 2011 census was 7,652. The municipal unit consists of the villages Pirg, Gurishtë, Zvirinë, Leminot, Qershizë, Kakaç, Shqitas, Veliternë, Sovjan, Novoselë and Bubuq. The etymology of this village comes from  greek, meaning “Tower” in English. This means this village must’ve had an important tower, to be named as it.

Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
JJ Van Niel
Jamison Jvan "JJ" Van Niel (born April 7, 1975) is an American volleyball head coach. Since 2023, he has been the coach of the Arizona State women's volleyball team. Since taking over for the program, he has led the team to two straight Big 12 Conference titles in 2024 and 2025.

Prior to Arizona State, he served as the associate head coach at USC and was an assistant coach at Utah and the UC San Diego men's team.

USC Trojans women's volleyball
The USC Trojans women's volleyball team is coached by Brad Keller, who was named to the position on February 20, 2020.

Under the last coach, Mick Haley, USC became the first repeat NCAA Volleyball National Champion to go undefeated, as they finished off 2003 with a record of 35–0 while becoming the first school in NCAA history to stay at number one in the coaches poll every week.
BBC Global 30
The BBC Global 30 was a worldwide stock market index, run as a global economic barometer. Started by the BBC on 29 September 2004 and last updated on 31 December 2019, it mixed the economic information of 30 of the world's largest companies based in three continents. It proved to be very volatile, as many of the companies had major gains and losses during the index's lifetime.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
OpenCog
OpenCog is a project that aims to build an open source artificial intelligence framework. OpenCog Prime is an architecture for robot and virtual embodied cognition that defines a set of interacting components designed to give rise to human-equivalent artificial general intelligence (AGI) as an emergent phenomenon of the whole system.

OpenCog Prime's design is primarily the work of Ben Goertzel while the OpenCog framework is intended as a generic framework for broad-based AGI research. Research utilizing OpenCog has been published in journals and presented at conferences and workshops including the annual Conference on Artificial General Intelligence. OpenCog is released under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License.

OpenCog is in use by more than 50 companies, including Huawei and Cisco.

Hanson Robotics
Hanson Robotics Limited is a Hong Kong–based engineering and robotics company founded in 2007 by robotics designer David Hanson. The company develops humanoid robots designed for research, demonstrations, and public engagement with artificial intelligence (AI), human–robot interaction, and expressive robotics. Its best-known robots include Sophia, BINA48, and Albert HUBO.

Hanson Robotics' robots commonly use a patented elastomer skin material called Frubber, designed to mimic the texture and flexibility of human skin. Beneath the skin, motor-driven mechanisms and proprietary control systems enable facial animation intended to reproduce human expressions.
AoS and SoA
In computing, an array of structures (AoS), structure of arrays (SoA) or array of structures of arrays (AoSoA) are contrasting ways to arrange a sequence of records in memory, with regard to interleaving, and are of interest in SIMD and SIMT programming.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Lucien Emerson
Lucien Parker Emerson (May 5, 1890 – March 1, 1980) was a basketball coach, football referee, and baseball club secretary. He coached high school basketball in the 1920s, including Hume-Fogg High School's girls' basketball team, and won a state title coaching men's basketball at Montgomery Bell Academy. Emerson coached Sewanee basketball from 1928 to 1930, posting a record of 17–28 (.378). He was secretary of the Nashville Vols baseball club from 1926 to 1928, and for the Chattanooga team afterwards.

Sewanee: The University of the South
The University of the South, familiarly known as Sewanee (/səˈwɑːni/), is a private Episcopal liberal arts college in Sewanee, Tennessee, United States. It is owned by 28 southern dioceses of the Episcopal Church, and its School of Theology is an official seminary of the church. The campus (officially called "The Domain" or, affectionately, "The Mountain") consists of 13,000 acres (53 km2) of scenic mountain property atop the Cumberland Plateau, with the developed portion occupying about 1,000 acres (4.0 km2).