hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A1(M) motorway
A1(M) is the designation given to a series of four separate motorway sections in the UK. Each section is an upgrade to a section of the A1, a major north–south road which connects London, the capital of England, with Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The first section, the Doncaster Bypass, opened in 1961 and is one of the oldest sections of motorway in Britain. Construction of a new section of A1(M) between Leeming and Barton was completed on 29 March 2018, a year later than the anticipated opening in 2017 due to extensive archaeological excavations. Its completion linked the Barton to Washington section with the Darrington to Leeming Bar section, forming the longest A1(M) section overall and reducing the number of sections from five to four.

In 2015, a proposal was made by three local government organisations to renumber as M1 the section of A1(M) between Micklefield and Washington, making this section a northern extension of the M1.

Driver location sign
Driver location signs are signs placed every 500 metres (550 yd) along each side of English motorways, and some other major English roads, to provide information that will allow motorists to know their precise location. As of July 2009, roads in England, but not Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, have these signs. This information might be useful in the event of an emergency or breakdown. They were first introduced in 2003, and they complement distance marker posts (small roadside posts used for road maintenance and administrative purposes). Both types of sign display a unique location number. The number, although given without units, is the distance in kilometres from a designated datum location for the road, although signs meant for driver navigation are in miles.
Psycholeptic
In pharmacology, a psycholeptic is a medication which produces a calming effect upon a person. Such medications include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepines, phenothiazines, opiates/opioids, carbamates, ethanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, GHB, cannabinoids (in some classifications), some antidepressants, neuroleptics, and some anticonvulsants. Many herbal medicines may also be classified as psycholeptics (e.g. kava).

The psycholeptics are classified under N05 in the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.

Carbamate
In organic chemistry, a carbamate is a category of organic compounds with the general formula R2NC(O)OR and structure >N−C(=O)−O−, which are formally derived from carbamic acid (NH2COOH).  The term includes organic compounds (e.g., the ester ethyl carbamate), formally obtained by replacing one or more of the hydrogen atoms by other organic functional groups; as well as salts with the carbamate anion H2NCOO− (e.g. ammonium carbamate).

Polymers whose repeat units are joined by carbamate like groups −NH−C(=O)−O− are an important family of plastics, the polyurethanes. See § Etymology for clarification.
James Garesche Ord
Major General James Garesche Ord (October 18, 1886 – April 17, 1960) was a United States Army officer who briefly commanded the 28th Infantry Division and was Chairman of the Joint Brazil–U.S. Defense Commission during World War II.

Pennsylvania Army National Guard
The Pennsylvania Army National Guard, abbreviated PAARNG, is part of the United States Army National Guard and is based in the U.S. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.  Together with the Pennsylvania Air National Guard, it is directed by the Pennsylvania Department of Military and Veterans Affairs. The PAARNG maintains 124 armories and is present in 87 communities across the Commonwealth.
2025 WAFF U-23 Championship
The 2025 WAFF U-23 Championship (Arabic: بطولة غرب آسيا تحت 23 عاما 2025) was the sixth edition of the WAFF U-23 Championship, the annual international age-restricted football championship organised by West Asian Football Federation (WAFF) for the men's under-23 national teams of West Asia. The tournament was hosted by Oman from 19 to 25 March 2025, with eight teams competing for the title. Only players born on or after 1 January 2002 are eligible to participate.

South Korea were the defending champions but could not defend their title as this edition, open only to WAFF members, did not extend invitations to non-member teams. Oman captured the first title in this age level, beating Jordan 3–1 in the final.

Oman national under-23 football team
Oman national under-23 football team (also known as Oman Olympic, Oman U-23) represents Oman in international football competitions in the Olympic Games. The selection is limited to players under the age of 23 but the final tournament at the Olympics allows for the addition of up to three overage players. The team is controlled by the Oman Football Association.

Oman nearly made its first appearance in football at the Summer Olympics after earning an inter-confederation play-off match with Senegal for a chance qualify for the 2012 Olympics but a 0-2 loss eliminated them from the contention.
Peter Peacock
Peter James Peacock CBE (born 27 May 1952) is a Scottish politician who served as Minister for Education and Young People from 2003 to 2006. A member of the Scottish Labour Party, he was a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Highlands and Islands region from 1999 to 2011.

Peacock was convener of the Highland Regional Council from 1995 to 1999.

Peacock was appointed a deputy minister when first elected at the 1999 Scottish Parliament election. He was promoted to Minister for Education and Young People in the Scottish Executive after the 2003 election.

Due to his position, Peacock was chosen to officially open the newly refurbished Morgan Academy in Dundee, Scotland, in August 2004; after the fire that destroyed the building in 2001. He resigned from his government post in November 2006 due to ill health.

Highland Council
The Highland Council (Comhairle na Gàidhealtachd Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈkʰõ.ərˠʎə nə ˈkɛːəl̪ˠt̪əxk]) is the local authority for Highland, one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. The council is based at the Highland Council Headquarters in Inverness.
Ram Prakash Chaudhary (Indian politician)
Ram Prakash Chaudhary (7 January 1928 – 19 April 1994) was an Indian politician who was a member of 5th Lok Sabha from Ambala (Lok Sabha constituency) in Haryana State. Chaudhary was also elected to 8th, 9th and 10th Lok Sabha from Ambala. He died in New Delhi on 19 April 1994, at the age of 66.

10th Lok Sabha
The 10th Lok Sabha, (20 June 1991 – 10 May 1996) elected during 1991 Indian general election held during May–June 1991. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India, four sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 10th Lok Sabha after the Indian general election, 1991.

P V Narasimha Rao of Indian National Congress became the Prime Minister of India from 21 June 1991 till 16 May 1996, after INC won 244 seats, 47 more than previous 9th Lok Sabha.

The next 11th Lok Sabha was constituted on 15 May 1996, after 1996 Indian general election.
31st British Academy Film Awards
The 31st British Academy Film Awards, more commonly known as the BAFTAs, took place on 16 March 1978 at the Wembley Conference Centre in London, honouring the best national and foreign films of 1977. Presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, accolades were handed out for the best feature-length film and documentaries of any nationality that were screened at British cinemas in 1977.

Woody Allen's Annie Hall won the award for Best Film, Best Direction and Best Screenplay. Peter Finch and Diane Keaton took home Best Actor and Actress, whilst Edward Fox and Jenny Agutter won in the supporting categories.

The ceremony was hosted by Andrew Gardner and Susannah York.

Edward Fox (actor)
Edward Charles Morice Fox (born 13 April 1937) is an English actor and a member of the Fox family.

Fox starred in the film The Day of the Jackal (1973), playing the part of a professional assassin, known only as the "Jackal", who is hired to assassinate French president, Charles de Gaulle, in the summer of 1963. Fox is also known for his roles in Battle of Britain (1969), The Go-Between (1971), for which he won a BAFTA award, and The Bounty (1984). He also collaborated with director Richard Attenborough, appearing in his films Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), A Bridge Too Far (1977) and Gandhi (1982).

Fox won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for playing Edward VIII in the television drama series Edward & Mrs. Simpson (1978). He also appeared in the historical series Taboo (2017). In addition to film and television work, Fox has received acclaim as a stage actor.
Inowrocław railway station
Inowrocław railway station is a railway station serving the town of Inowrocław, in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. The station opened in 1872 and is located on the Chorzów–Tczew railway and Poznań–Skandawa railway. The train services are operated by PKP and Przewozy Regionalne.

The station is an important junction for trains towards northern Poland, via Bydgoszcz and to eastern Poland via Toruń. There is a large freight yard west of the station, as well as freight lines avoiding the station.

Polregio
Polregio (formerly Przewozy Regionalne) is a train operator in Poland, responsible for local and interregional passenger transportation. Each day it runs approximately 3,000 regional trains. In 2002 it carried 215 million passengers.

The company was founded in 2001 from the splitup of the PKP Passenger Transport Sector of the once-unitary Polskie Koleje Państwowe national rail operator into several companies to meet European Union requirements.
Eogastropoda
Eogastropoda was a previously used taxonomic category of snails or gastropods, a subclass which was erected by Ponder and Lindberg in 1997. It was one of  two great divisions (subclasses) of the class Gastropoda, the snails. The other subclass of gastropods was the Orthogastropoda.

Eogastropoda were the more primitive of the two subclasses, representing a much older line of gastropods. This subclass contained all of the true limpets.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Joseph Parrenin
Joseph Parrenin (born 16 May 1941 in Trévillers, France) is the incumbent first Vice-President of the Franche-Comté Regional Council.

In 2002, he sought re-election as a National Assembly deputy for Doubs's 3rd constituency but he was defeated by UMP Marcel Bonnot. In 2007, Parrenin was again defeated by Bonnot.

Doubs's 3rd constituency
The 3rd constituency of Doubs (French: Troisième circonscription du Doubs) is one of five electoral districts in the department of the same name, each of which returns one deputy to the French National Assembly in elections using the two-round system, with a run-off if no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote in the first round.
1988 Australian Touring Car Championship
The 1988 Australian Touring Car Championship (promoted as the Shell Ultra Australian Touring Car Championship due to sponsorship from Shell Australia) was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title for drivers of Group 3A Touring Cars. It was the 29th running of the Australian Touring Car Championship. The championship began on 6 March at Calder Park Raceway and ended on 17 July at Oran Park Raceway after nine rounds.

The championship was won by Dick Johnson driving a Ford Sierra RS500.

The 1988 Australian Manufacturers' Championship was contested over the same nine round series. Points were awarded only for class placings and each manufacturer could count only its best eight round results. The title was shared by Ford, which won the 3001 to 6000cc class in all nine rounds, BMW, which won the 2001 to 3000cc class in eight rounds, and Toyota, which won the Up to 2000cc class in every round.

Ford Australia
Ford Motor Company of Australia Limited (known by its trading name Ford Australia) is the Australian subsidiary of United States–based automaker Ford Motor Company. It was founded in 1925 as an Australian outpost of Ford Motor Company of Canada. At that time, Ford Canada was a separate company from Ford in the US. Henry Ford had granted the manufacturing rights of Ford motor vehicles in the British Empire (later the Commonwealth) to Canadian investors.

Ford Australia's first products were Model T cars assembled from complete knock-down (CKD) kits provided by Ford of Canada. Of the many models that followed, the best known was the Falcon produced from 1960 to 2016, originally a US model introduced in Australia in 1960 and eventually adapted to Australian requirements and road conditions.
Theophilus Greatorex
Theophilus Greatorex (14 December 1864 – 27 July 1933) was an English priest and first-class cricketer active 1883–92 who played for Middlesex.

Greatorex was born in Westminster, London, and educated at Harrow, where he played cricket for the school, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he played for the university but did not get a blue. After graduating he became a Church of England priest and was already a minor canon of Westminster Abbey when he was in September 1902 asked to become vicar of St James the Less, Pimlico, where he served until 1908. He then moved to Western Australia and was rector of Pinjarra 1908–18, of Guildford 1918–23 and of Subiaco 1924–26. He returned to London and was again vicar of St James the Less briefly until he died in Pimlico.

Guildford, Western Australia
Guildford is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, 12 km northeast of the city centre within the City of Swan. Guildford was founded in 1829 as one of the earliest settlements of the Swan River Colony. It is one of only three towns in the metropolitan area listed on the Register of the National Trust.
Robin McKie
Robin McKie is a writer known for his journalism in The Observer, a publication for which he has served as science editor. As a result of his work, he has won awards from organizations such as the Medical Journalists’ Association, reviving a citation in early 2014 for a feature on zebrafish research. He additionally got named as "Science and Technology Journalist of the Year" during the U.K. Press Gazette Awards for 2013.

In addition he has written numerous books with a view to expanding popular interest in and understanding of biological science.

Zebrafish
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a species of danionin belonging to the genus Danio in the suborder Cyprinoidei. Native to South Asia, it is a popular, hardy aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio (thus often mislabeled as a "tropical fish", even though they also inhabit subtropical and temperate waters).

The zebrafish is an important and widely used vertebrate model organism in scientific research, particularly developmental biology, but also gene function, oncology, teratology, and drug development, in particular pre-clinical development, due to its scalability from high numbers of offspring and ease of drug delivery through water into the gills. It is also notable for its regenerative abilities, and has been modified by researchers to produce many transgenic strains.
Dealu
Dealu (Hungarian: Oroszhegy, meaning "Russian Mountain"; Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈoroshɛɟ]) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The commune is composed of seven villages: Dealu, Fâncel (Székelyfancsal), Sâncrai (Székelyszentkirály), Tămașu (Székelyszenttamás), Tibod (Tibód), Ulcani (Ülke), and 
Valea Rotundă (Uknyéd).

The route of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail passes through the villages of Dealu, Ulcani, and Tămașu. Dealu is also renowned for its plum-based pálinka.

Long-distance trail
A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, way, greenway) is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, equestrianism or cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica.

Many trails are marked on maps. Typically, a long-distance route will be at least 50 km (30 mi) long, but many run for several hundred miles, or longer.

Many routes are waymarked and may cross public or private land and/or follow existing rights of way. Generally, the surface is not specially prepared, and the ground can be rough and uneven in areas, except in places such as converted rail tracks or popular walking routes where stone-pitching and slabs have been laid to prevent erosion. In some places, official trails will have the surface specially prepared to make the going easier.
Merì
Merì is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Messina.

Merì borders the following municipalities: Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto, Milazzo, San Filippo del Mela, Santa Lucia del Mela.

Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto
Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto (Italian: [bartʃelˈloːna ˈpottso di ˈɡɔtto]; Sicilian: Baccialona Pizzaottu) is a town and municipality in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the autonomous island region of Sicily in Italy, 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Messina. As of 2025, with a population of 39,778, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in the metropolitan city.
1-planar graph
In topological graph theory, a 1-planar graph is a graph that can be drawn in the Euclidean plane in such a way that each edge has at most one crossing point, where it crosses a single additional edge. If a 1-planar graph, one of the most natural generalizations of planar graphs, is drawn that way, the drawing is called a 1-plane graph or 1-planar embedding of the graph.

Degree (graph theory)
In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex  is denoted  or . The maximum degree of a graph  is denoted by , and is the maximum of 's vertices' degrees. The minimum degree of a graph is denoted by , and is the minimum of 's vertices' degrees. In the multigraph shown on the right, the maximum degree is 5 and the minimum degree is 0.

In a regular graph, every vertex has the same degree, and so we can speak of the degree of the graph. A complete graph (denoted , where  is the number of vertices in the graph) is a special kind of regular graph where all vertices have the maximum possible degree, .

In a signed graph, the number of positive edges connected to a vertex  is called its positive degree and the number of connected negative edges is called  negative degree.
Jerry L. Unruh
Jerry Lee Unruh (born November 21, 1939) is a retired Vice Admiral in the United States Navy.

Enlisting in the Navy in 1958, he was later selected for the Naval Aviation Cadet (NAVCAD) program, earning his commission as an Ensign and his wings as a Naval Aviator in 1961.  As a career fighter pilot, he flew the F-8 Crusader and F-14 Tomcat.  He commanded the United States Third Fleet from 1991 to 1994.

His awards include the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Defense Superior Service Medal, Legion of Merit (2), Meritorious Service Medal (4), Air Medal (14), and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry.

Over 20 years after retiring from the U.S. Navy, on September 14, 2020, he joined other retired senior military leaders by endorsing President Donald Trump for reelection.

Air Medal
The Air Medal (AM) is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. It was created in 1942 and is awarded for single acts of heroism or meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.
Shire in the Tigray war
The town of Shire was notable in the Tigray War for its role as a major centre of internally displaced people, for the shelling of civilians, for being looted, and for massacres in November 2020 and February 2021.

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
2015 New South Wales Cup
The 2015 New South Wales Cup season, was the second tier rugby league competition held in New South Wales, after the National Rugby League. The 2015 season kicked off on 7 March 2015 and was won by the Newcastle Knights.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.
Bill Johnson (1940s outfielder)
William Johnson is an American former Negro league outfielder who played in the 1940s.

Johnson played for the Philadelphia Stars in 1945. In eight recorded games, he posted five hits in 20 plate appearances.

Philadelphia Stars (baseball)
The Philadelphia Stars were a Negro league baseball team from Philadelphia. The Stars were founded in 1933 when Ed Bolden returned to professional black baseball after being idle since early 1930. The Stars were an independent ball club in 1933, a member of the Negro National League from 1934 until the League's collapse following the 1948 season, and affiliated with the Negro American League from 1949 to 1952.

In 1934, led by 20-year-old left-hander Slim Jones, the Stars defeated the Chicago American Giants in a controversial playoff series, four games to three, for the Negro National League pennant. At their high point in mid-1930s, the team starred such greats as Biz Mackey, Jud Wilson, and Dick Lundy. Following his release by Cleveland, Satchel Paige signed with the Stars in July 1950, before returning to the Majors with Bill Veeck and the St. Louis Browns.

The club disbanded after the 1952 season.
Tal Ben Haim (footballer, born 1989)
Tal Ben Haim (or Tal Ben Haim II, Hebrew: טל בן-חיים; born 5 August 1989), also known as Tal Ben Chaim, is an Israeli footballer who plays for Maccabi Petah Tikva as a winger. He can also play in the forward position.

Toto Cup
The  Israel Toto Cup (Hebrew: גביע הטוטו, Gvia Ha'Toto) is an association football tournament that features clubs in the two highest divisions in Israel: the Israeli Premier League a.k.a. Ligat Ha'Al; and the Israeli 2nd division Liga Leumit. Both of these leagues are featured separately for the Israel Toto Cup –  at a distinct seasonal tournament for each of these two. They are simply referred to as Toto Cup Al and Toto Cup Leumit, in many global media outlets.

From 1999 to 2009, the tournament was also open to clubs from the third division, until the cancellation of Liga Artzit.

The Toto Cup is the third most important competition in Israeli football after the Israeli Premier League and the Israeli State Cup. As it isn't highly regarded, Israeli clubs use the games to rotate their squad and give fringe players and youth players a chance. However, the Israeli Sports Betting Council pays 1.25 million NIS to the winners, while the runners-up receive 950,000 NIS.