hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seaman's Manslaughter Statute
The Seaman's Manslaughter Statute, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 1115, criminalizes misconduct or negligence that result in deaths involving vessels (ships and boats) on waters in the jurisdiction of the United States.

The statute exposes three groups to criminal liability:

ship's officers, such as captains, engineers, and pilots;

those having responsibility for the vessel's condition, such as owners, charterers, and inspectors; and

corporate management.

Unlike common law manslaughter, which requires a mens rea or mental state of gross negligence or heat of passion in absence of malice, this statute requires only simple negligence — a breach of duty to perform an act or omission in violation of a standard of care. The accident need not occur on a boat, and the threshold of criminal liability is lower than in standard manslaughter cases due to the reduced mens rea requirement.

Standard of care
In tort law, the standard of care is the only degree of prudence and caution required of an individual who is under a duty of care.

The requirements of the standard are closely dependent on circumstances. Whether the standard of care has been breached is determined by the trier of fact, and is usually phrased in terms of the reasonable person; this is sometimes labeled as the "reasonable physician standard". It was famously described in Vaughn v. Menlove (1837) as whether the individual "proceed[ed] with such reasonable caution as a prudent man would have exercised under such circumstances".
Probabilistic Action Cores
PRAC (Probabilistic Action Cores) is an interpreter for natural-language instructions for robotic applications developed at the Institute for Artificial Intelligence at the University of Bremen, Germany, and is supported in parts by the European Commission and the German Research Foundation (DFG).

Natural language understanding
Natural language understanding (NLU) or natural language interpretation (NLI) is a subset of natural language processing in artificial intelligence that deals with machine reading comprehension. NLU has been considered an AI-hard problem.

There is considerable commercial interest in the field because of its application to automated reasoning, machine translation, question answering, news-gathering, text categorization, voice-activation, archiving, and large-scale content analysis.
Northern Province, Sierra Leone
The Northern Province (Krio: Nɔtan Prɔvins) (commonly referred to as Northern Sierra Leone or simply the North) is one of the five provincial divisions of Sierra Leone. It is located in the Northern geographic region of Sierra Leone. It comprises the following four Districts: Bombali, Falaba, Koinadugu and Tonkolili. The Northern Province has been divided into two Provinces Northwestern Province and Northern Province, today Northern Province covers an area of 22,538 km2 (8,702 sq mi) with a population of 1,316,831, based on the 2021 Sierra Leone national census. It is by far the largest Province of Sierra-Leone and also the least densely populated Province of the country Its administrative and economic center is Makeni. The North borders the North West Province to the West, the Republic of Guinea to the north-east, the Eastern Province and Southern Province to the south-east.

Krio language
The Sierra Leonean Creole or Krio is an English-based creole language that is the lingua franca and de facto national language spoken throughout the West African nation of Sierra Leone. Krio is spoken by 96 percent of the country's population, and it unites the different ethnic groups in the country, especially in their trade and social interaction with each other. Krio is the primary language of communication among Sierra Leoneans at home and abroad, and has also heavily influenced Sierra Leonean English. The language is native to the Sierra Leone Creole people, or Krios, a community of about 104,311 descendants of freed slaves from the West Indies, United States and the British Empire, and is spoken as a second language by millions of other Sierra Leoneans belonging to the country's indigenous tribes. English is Sierra Leone's official language, and Krio, despite its common use throughout the country, has no official status.
2019 WGC-FedEx St. Jude Invitational
The 2019 WGC-FedEx St. Jude Invitational was a professional golf tournament held July 25–28 at TPC Southwind in Memphis, Tennessee. It was the 21st WGC Invitational tournament, and the third of the World Golf Championships events in 2019. It was the first time the event had been held in Tennessee, having previously been based at Firestone Country Club in Ohio.

World number one, Brooks Koepka, completed a three-stroke victory over Webb Simpson to win his first World Golf Championship event. Koepka had begun the final day one shot behind Rory McIlroy, who led the field. With the win, Koepka earned more PGA Tour regular season FedEx Cup points than any other player and won first-place prize of $2 million in the Wyndham Rewards Top 10.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Adri van Male
Adrianus "Adri" van Male (7 October 1910, in Philippine – 11 October 1990) was a Dutch football goalkeeper.

He played 221 matches for Feyenoord from 1930 to 1939, and 15 matches for the Netherlands national football team from 1932 to 1940, and participated in the 1934 FIFA World Cup and the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Musiol
Musiol is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bogdan Musioł (born 1957), Polish-born East German and German bobsledder

Daniel Musiol (born 1983), German cyclist

Joseph Musiol (1865–?), Silesian politician

Julian Musiol (born 1986), German ski jumper

Marie-Jeanne Musiol (born 1950), Canadian photographer

Zbyněk Musiol (born 1991), Czech footballer

Marie-Jeanne Musiol
Marie-Jeanne Musiol (born 1950) is a Swiss-Canadian photographer. She was born in Winterthur, Switzerland.

Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Canada, the Museum of Fine Arts Houston, the National Museum of Women in the Arts. and the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec. Musiol's work is represented by Pierre-François Ouellette art contemporain (PFOAC), a contemporary art gallery in Montreal, Quebec.
Boris Yeltsin Volleyball Cup
The Boris Yeltsin Volleyball Cup is an annual international women's volleyball tournament. It is named after the first president of Russia, Boris Yeltsin. Since 2008, the tournament has been held in Yekaterinburg, Russia.

Nikolay Karpol
Nikolay Vasiliyevich Karpol  (Russian: Николай Васильевич Карполь; born 1 May 1938) is a Russian women's volleyball coach and a longstanding coach of the Soviet national team (then the Commonwealth of Independent States team of 1992 following the collapse of the USSR) and later the Russia women's national volleyball team. Known as The Howling Bear, Karpol was a regular at the Olympic Games, with his teams usually earning a last call on the Olympic podium, winning gold medals in 1980 and 1988 and taking the silver medals in 1992, 2000, and 2004, for a total of five Olympic medals. In 2020, he set a new world record by coaching Uralochka for 51 years.

Karpol coached the Soviet women to the gold medal at the 1990 Goodwill Games in Seattle and the Russian women to the gold medal at the 1994 Goodwill Games in Saint Petersburg.

In 2009, Karpol was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame.
Cephalaria
Cephalaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. It includes 102 species native to southern Europe, western and central Asia, and northern and southern Africa.

They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants growing to 0.8–2 m tall.

Cephalaria species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Schinia imperialis, which feeds exclusively on C. procera.

Schinia
Schinia, commonly called flower moths, is a large genus of moths belonging to the family Noctuidae. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with the vast majority of species being found in North America, many with a very restricted range and larval food plant.
Sooran (film)
Sooran is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language neo-noir crime drama film directed by Balu Narayanan. It stars Karan, Anumol and Shefali Sharma in the lead roles. The film was released after being in production for four years, in July 2014.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Wensum Way
The Wensum Way is a 12-mile footpath route in Norfolk, UK, which opened in Spring 2013. It links the Nar Valley Way at Gressenhall Farm and Workhouse museum to the Marriott's Way at Lenwade.

The route takes its name from the River Wensum, in whose valley the route lies. The Norfolk County Council has hidden geocaches along the trail, which passes through 26 county wildlife areas and four Sites of Special Scientific Interest. The route forms part of the Norfolk Trails network.

Gressenhall
Gressenhall is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk, along the course of the River Nar.

Gressenhall is located 2.9 miles (4.7 km) north-west of Dereham and 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Norwich.
The Complete Hit Singles
The Complete Hit Singles is a compilation album by Three Dog Night. It was released on May 25, 2004 by Geffen Records.

While eight of these titles landed on the Billboard Adult contemporary chart when originally released, all twenty-one hit the Hot 100. Peaking at No. 1 on the Hot 100 were "Joy to the World," "Mama Told Me (Not to Come)" and "Black and White." On the Adult contemporary charts, the No. 1s were "Black & White" and "An Old Fashioned Love Song." To date this is the only compilation to contain all of the band's top 40 hits. There were eleven top 10s, seven of them reaching gold status. Three Dog Night disbanded in 1977.

Black and White (Pete Seeger song)
"Black and White" is a song written in 1954 by David I. Arkin (lyricist and father of actor Alan Arkin) and Earl Robinson (music). It was first recorded by Pete Seeger featuring a black child, in 1956 from the album Love Songs for Friends & Foes.

The most successful recording of the song was the pop version by Three Dog Night in 1972, when it reached number one on both the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard Easy Listening charts. Billboard ranked it as the number 63 song for 1972. Danny Hutton sang the lead vocals with a children's chorus adding their voices to the song. This was the opening theme to the pilot episode of Mrs. Munger's Class.
Duralumin
Duralumin (also called duraluminum, duraluminium, duralum, dural(l)ium, or dural) is a trade name for one of the earliest types of age-hardenable aluminium–copper alloys. The term is a combination of Düren, dur (a German prefix meaning "hard"), and aluminium. Its use as a trade name is obsolete. Today the term mainly refers to aluminium-copper alloys, designated as the 2000 series by the international alloy designation system (IADS), as with 2014 and 2024 alloys used in airframe fabrication.

Duralumin was developed in 1909 in Germany. Duralumin is known for its strength and hardness, making it suitable for various applications, especially in the aviation and aerospace industry. However, it is susceptible to corrosion, which can be mitigated by using alclad-duralum materials.

Junkers D.I
The Junkers D.I (factory designation J 9) was a monoplane fighter aircraft produced in Germany late in World War I, significant for becoming the first all-metal fighter to enter service. The prototype, a private venture by Junkers named the J 7, first flew on 17 September 1917, going through nearly a half-dozen detail changes in its design during its tests. When it was demonstrated to the Idflieg early the following year it proved impressive enough to result in an order for three additional aircraft for trials. The changes made by Junkers were significant enough for the firm to rename the next example the J 9, which was supplied to the Idflieg instead of the three J 7s ordered.

During tests, the J 9 lacked the manoeuvrability necessary for a front-line fighter but was judged fit for a naval fighter and a batch of 12 was ordered. These were supplied to a naval unit by September 1918, which then moved to the Eastern Front after the Armistice.
Pita (1991 film)
Pita is a 1991 Indian Hindi-language film based on Swedish playwright August Strindberg's 1887 play The Father. Directed by Govind Nihalani, the film stars Vimal Bhagat, Satyadev Dubey, Dina Pathak, Irrfan and Shikha Rai.

Govind Nihalani
Govind Nihalani (born 19 December 1940) is an Indian film director, cinematographer, screenwriter and producer, known for his works in Hindi cinema, particularly the movement of parallel cinema. He has been the recipient of six National Film Awards, and five Filmfare Awards.
Bruce Friedrich
Bruce Gregory Friedrich (born August 7, 1969) is co-founder and president of The Good Food Institute (GFI), a Y Combinator funded non-profit that promotes plant-based and cultivated meat. He is also a co-founder of the alternative protein venture capital firm New Crop Capital. Friedrich previously worked for PETA and Farm Sanctuary.

Y Combinator
Y Combinator, LLC (YC) is an American technology startup accelerator and venture capital firm launched in March 2005 which has been used to launch more than 5,000 companies. The accelerator program started in Boston and Mountain View, relocated to San Francisco in 2019, and was entirely online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Companies started via Y Combinator include Airbnb, Coinbase, Cruise, DoorDash, Dropbox, Instacart, Reddit, Stripe, Scale AI, Deel, Helion Energy, Starcloud, and Twitch.
Thea Exley
Thea Melvie Exley (2 September 1923 – 29 January 2007) was an Australian archivist and art historian, and the first woman to head a regional office of the Australian Commonwealth Archives Office (now the National Archives of Australia). She was also its first national Senior Archivist Reference and Access and the first Director Preservation at the Australian Archives (another predecessor of the National Archives). Exley was an inaugural member of the Australian Society of Archivists and served as a Councillor from 1977 to 1979.

Australian Society of Archivists
The Australian Society of Archivists is a professional organisation of archivists in Australia.

The Australian Library Association had an archives section between 1951 and 1973.

Significant persons in the starting of the society include Phyllis Mander-Jones, and Robert Sharman who became the editor of the journal Archives and Manuscripts

The inaugural meeting of the Society was held at the Australian National University in April 1975. The first biennial conference was held in 1977.
Harz-Heide Road
The Harz-Heide Road is a road that runs over the Harz mountains in Germany through heath (German: Heide) landscape and which is known for its scenery.

It runs from Göttingen along the B 27 and B 446 federal highways to Duderstadt and Herzberg. From there it continues on the B 27 to Bad Lauterberg and Braunlage. It then follows the B 4 through Bad Harzburg, Vienenburg, Wolfenbüttel, Braunschweig, Gifhorn and Uelzen to the town of Lüneburg.

Braunlage
Braunlage (German pronunciation: [bʁaʊnˈlaːɡə] ⓘ) is a town and health resort in the Goslar district of Lower Saxony in Germany. Situated within the Harz mountain range, south of the Brocken massif, Braunlage's main business is tourism, particularly skiing. Nearby ski resorts include the Sonnenberg and the slopes on the Wurmberg.
Remona Burchell
Remona Burchell (born 15 September 1991) is a Jamaican sprinter. While running for the University of Alabama, she became a three time NCAA Champion, winning the 60 meters at the NCAA Indoor Championships in 2014 and 2015. She set her 100 meter personal record of 11.03 seconds in a qualifying meet to get to the 2014 NCAA Outdoor Championships, where she won the championship (running 11.17 seconds into a severe headwind).

Prior to running in the United States, she ran for Cambridge high school and later Herbert Morrison technical High School, both in Jamaica.

She represented Jamaica at the 2018 World Indoor Championships.

NCAA Division I Women's Indoor Track and Field Championships
The NCAA Women's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championship is an annual collegiate indoor track and field competition for women from Division I institutions organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. It has been held every year since 1983, except for 2020.

Athletes' performances in individual championships earn points for their institutions and the team with the most points receives the NCAA team title in track and field. A separate NCAA Division I men's competition is also held at the same time and venue; both are entirely separate events from the NCAA Women's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships and the NCAA Men's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships held during the spring.

The current team champions are the Oregon Ducks.

The LSU Lady Tigers hold the record for most team titles with 11.
Satan's School for Girls (1973 film)
Satan's School for Girls is a 1973 American made-for-television horror film directed by David Lowell Rich, and produced by Aaron Spelling under its production company Spelling-Goldberg Productions. The film premiered on ABC on September 19, 1973. The film has been named as one of the most memorable television movies of the 1970s.

Jo Van Fleet
Jo Van Fleet (December 29, 1915 – June 10, 1996) was an American stage, film, and television actress. During her long career, which spanned over four decades, she often played characters much older than her actual age. Van Fleet won a Tony Award in 1954 for her performance in the Broadway production The Trip to Bountiful, and the next year she won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in East of Eden.
Gotta Travel On
"Gotta Travel On" is an American folksong. The earliest known version was printed in Carl Sandburg's The American Songbag in 1927 under the title "Yonder Comes the High Sheriff" and several variations were recorded in the 1920s, but the best known version is credited to Paul Clayton, The Weavers, Larry Ehrlich, and Dave Lazer and was first recorded by Pete Seeger in 1958.

A 1958 recording by Billy Grammer backed by the Anita Kerr Singers reached #4 on the U.S. pop chart, #5 on the U.S. country chart, #2 in Canada, #6 in Australia, and #14 on the U.S. R&B chart in 1959. The recording ranked #53 on Billboard magazine's Top 100 singles of 1959.

Anita Kerr
Anita Jean Kerr (née Grilli; October 13, 1927 – October 10, 2022) was an American singer, arranger, composer, conductor, pianist, and music producer. She recorded and performed with her vocal harmony groups in Nashville, Los Angeles, and Europe.
Unholy Cult
Unholy Cult is the fifth album by death metal band Immolation. It was released on Listenable Records in 2002. It is the band's last album with drummer Alex Hernandez. The album was inducted into Decibel's Hall of Fame.

Decibel (magazine)
Decibel is a monthly heavy metal magazine published by the Philadelphia-based Red Flag Media since September 2004. It is currently the only monthly metal music magazine published in North America. Its sections include Upfront, Features, Reviews, Guest Columns and the Decibel Hall of Fame. The magazine's tag-line is currently "Extremely Extreme" (previously "The New Noise"); the editor-in-chief is Albert Mudrian.
Langstaff, Ontario
Langstaff is a residential area at the tripoint of the cities of Richmond Hill, Markham, and Vaughan in York Region, Ontario, Canada. Located near Highway 7  and Yonge Street, the homes in the area date to the 1960s and 1970s.
The East Don River and CN Rail Bala subdivision runs through the area.

Langstaff is a former hamlet likely named for John Langstaff (1774-1865), a settler who arrived sometime between 1803 and 1808 from Piscataway, Middlesex, New Jersey and established a farm along Yonge Street. The living members of the family are longer living in the area, as descendants of James Langstaff have moved out of Ontario. The old farm became the notorious Langstaff Jail Farm, which has since disappeared and the area is now dominated by a retail strip. The only reminder of the Langstaff family is Langstaff Road.

Regional Municipality of York
The Regional Municipality of York, also called York Region, is a regional municipality in Southern Ontario, Canada, between Lake Simcoe and Toronto. The region was established after the passing of then Bill 102, An Act to Establish The Regional Municipality of York, in 1970. It replaced the former York County in 1971, and is part of the Greater Toronto Area and the inner ring of the Golden Horseshoe. The regional government is headquartered in Newmarket.

As of the 2021 census, York Region's population was 1,173,334, with a growth rate of 5.7% from 2016. The Government of Ontario expects its population to surpass 1.5 million residents by 2031.  The three largest cities in York Region are Markham, Vaughan and Richmond Hill.