hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick Wensley
Frederick Porter Wensley OBE KPM (28 March 1865 – 4 December 1949) served as a British police officer from 1888 until 1929, reaching the rank of chief constable of the Scotland Yard Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Serving in Whitechapel for part of his career, he was involved in street patrols during the investigation of the Jack the Ripper murders, details of which he would later publish in his memoirs in 1931. He was one of the 'Big Four', a nickname given to the four Superintendents in charge of the Metropolitan Police CID, with his murder investigations regularly published in the press. The leading prosecuting barrister Sir Richard Muir referred to him as "the greatest detective of all time".

Richard David Muir
Sir Richard David Muir (1857–1924) was a prosecutor for the British Crown, widely regarded as the greatest of his time; he played a prominent role in many of the most sensational trials of the early part of the 20th century, most notably that of Hawley Harvey Crippen.
Taeniodictys
Taeniodictys is a monotypic moth genus belonging to the family Lyonetiidae described by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes in 1933. It contains only one species, Taeniodictys sericella, described by the same author in the same year, which is found in Puerto Rico.

Larvae have been recorded feeding on detritus in the nest of the paper wasp Polistes crinitus.

Polistes crinitus
Polistes crinitus is a species of paper wasp most commonly found on Hispaniola, Jamaica and other, smaller Caribbean islands. Subspecies of P. crinitus include Polistes crinitus crinitus, Polistes crinitus americanus, and Polistes crinitus multicolor.
Granström
Granström is a Swedish surname that translates to "fir tree (gran) by the stream (ström)." Notable people with the surname include:

Brita Granström (born 1969) is, a Swedish artist and illustrator living and working in Great Britain

Holger Granström (1917–1941) was, a professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga

Jonathan Granström (born 1986) is, a Swedish ice hockey player

Konrad Granström (1900–1982) was, a Swedish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics

Otto Granström (1887–1941) was, a Finnish gymnast who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics

Per Erik Granström (1942–2011), Swedish politician

Konrad Granström
Nils Konrad Granström (21 October 1900 – 4 January 1982) was a Swedish gymnast who competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Swedish team that won the gold medal in the Swedish system event.
Seth Green (pisciculture)
Seth Green (March 19, 1817 – August 18, 1888) was an American pioneer in fish farming (pisciculture and aquaculture). He established the first fish hatchery in the United States in the Town of Caledonia, New York. He was also a successful commercial fisherman, operating a large and profitable fish and game market in Rochester, New York, and fishing in Lake Ontario.

After many years of operating his commercial hatchery in Caledonia, he entered government service with the New York State Fish Commission and eventually became Superintendent of Fisheries for the state of New York.  Seth Green's pioneering efforts to raise fish stocks and restore fish populations for sporting purposes established a standard of aquaculture recognized internationally. He also planted American Shad in California rivers near Sacramento. He is commonly referred to as the "Father of fish culture in North America."

Genesee River
The Genesee River (/ˌdʒɛnɪˈsiː/ JEH-nih-SEE) is a tributary of Lake Ontario flowing northward through the Twin Tiers of Pennsylvania and New York in the United States. The river contains several waterfalls in New York at Letchworth State Park and Rochester.

The river was historically used as a border between the lands of the Seneca to the east and the Erie and Wenro to the west. Later, the river provided the original power for the Rochester area's 19th century mills, and still provides hydroelectric power for downtown Rochester. Flooding occurred periodically in the river valley before construction of the Mount Morris Dam in the 1950s.
Eduard Clemens Fechner
Eduard Clemens Fechner (21 August 1799 – 7 February 1861) was a German portrait painter and an etcher.

Fechner was born at Gross Särchen, near Bad Muskau, and studied in 1814 at Dresden under Grassi and Retsch. In 1820 he went to Munich, where he improved his style under Stieler. He worked some time for the Duke of Leuchtenberg, and visited Paris in 1826. He excelled in painting portraits of ladies and children; he also executed eleven etchings in a spirited manner. He died in Paris, aged 61.

Fechner was the brother of experimental psychology pioneer and founder of psychophysics Gustav Fechner and of Clementine Wieck Fechner, who was the stepmother of Clara Schumann née Wieck, the famous pianist and composer, when Clementine became her father Friedrich Wieck's second wife.

Bad Muskau
Bad Muskau (German pronunciation: [ˌbaːt ˈmʊskaʊ] ⓘ) or Mužakow (Upper Sorbian pronunciation: [ˈmuʒakɔf] ⓘ; named Muskau in German until 1962; Polish: Mużaków; Czech: Mužakov) is a spa town in the historic Upper Lusatia region in eastern Germany, at the border with Poland. It is part of the Görlitz district in the State of Saxony.

It is located on the banks of the Lusatian Neisse river, directly opposite the town of Łęknica. It is part of the recognized Sorbian settlement area in Saxony. Upper Sorbian has an official status next to German, with all villages bearing names in both languages.

Bad Muskau gained worldwide fame through prince and landscape artist Hermann von Pückler-Muskau, who created a unique cultural asset with his landscape park. The Muskau Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is split between Bad Muskau and Łęknica.
Rick & Renner
Rick & Renner is a Brazilian musical duo of sertanejo music formed in 1986 by the singers and composers Geraldo Antônio de Carvalho, aka Rick (Monte do Carmo, December 5, 1966) and Ivair dos Reis Gonçalves, aka Renner (Patos de Minas, November 19, 1971).

In 25 years as a duo they performed for an audience estimated at 225 million people, with an average of 15,000 people per show.

Patos de Minas
Patos de Minas is a city in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil.

According to the 2022 census, the municipality had a population of 159,434 inhabitants, a population density of 49.91 inhabitants per square kilometer, and an area of 3,190.456 km2 (1,231.842 sq mi). It is located in the Mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, 415 kilometers from the capital Belo Horizonte.

Its economy is based on agriculture, livestock, and mining activities, representing the 22nd largest GDP in Minas Gerais in 2020.
Beatosu and Goblu
Beatosu and Goblu are two non-existent towns in Fulton and Lucas counties, respectively, in the US state of Ohio. They were inserted into the 1978–1979 edition of the official state of Michigan map. The names refer to the slogan of University of Michigan fans ("Go Blue!") and a reference to their archrivals from Ohio State University ("Beat OSU").

Fulton County, Ohio
Fulton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio west of Toledo. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,713. Its county seat and largest city is Wauseon. The county was created in 1850 with land from Henry, Lucas, and Williams counties and is named for Robert Fulton, inventor of the steamboat. Fulton County is a part of the Toledo metropolitan area.
Divine Word College of Urdaneta
The Divine Word College of Urdaneta is a private Catholic educational institution of higher learning run by the Philippine Northern Province of the Society of the Divine Word in Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines. It was founded by the Divine Word Missionaries in 1967. Saint Joseph Freinademetz, the first SVD missionary to China, is the patron saint and model of the school.

Urdaneta, Pangasinan
Urdaneta, officially the City of Urdaneta (Pangasinan: Siyudad na Urdaneta; Ilocano: Siyudad ti Urdaneta; Filipino: Lungsod ng Urdaneta), is a component city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 145,935 people. It is the third most populous local government unit (LGU) in Pangasinan and Ilocos Region.

As of January 1, 2025, it is the only 1st class city in Pangasinan.
John FitzGibbon, 1st Earl of Clare
John FitzGibbon, 1st Earl of Clare PC (Ire) (1748 – 28 January 1802) was an Anglo-Irish politician who served as the Attorney-General for Ireland from 1783 to 1789 and Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1789 to 1802. He remains a deeply controversial figure in Irish history, being described variously as an old fashioned anti-Catholic Whig political party hardliner and an early advocate of the Act of Union between Ireland and Great Britain (which finally happened in 1801, shortly before his death).

Fitzgibbon is said to have been an early and extremely militant opponent of Catholic Emancipation (the end of religious persecution, and the limited relaxation of both the religious discrimination and civil disabilities placed upon Catholics throughout the British Isles and the British Empire). The Earl may also have been the first person to suggest to King George III that granting Royal Assent to any form of Catholic Emancipation would violate his coronation oath.

Irish House of Lords
The Irish House of Lords, known formally as The Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled, was the upper house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from medieval times until the end of 1800. It was also the final court of appeal of the Kingdom of Ireland.

It was modelled on the House of Lords of England, with members of the Peerage of Ireland sitting in the Irish Lords, just as members of the Peerage of England did at Westminster. When the Act of Union 1800 abolished the Irish parliament, a subset of Irish peers sat as Irish representative peers in the House of Lords of the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Fishing Pole (chess)
The Fishing Pole is a chess opening trap most common in the Ruy Lopez (especially in the Berlin Defence and Exchange Variations), however, the trap can be used in any opening or in the middle of the game. Its broadest definition is a move that sacrifices a knight or bishop on the g-file to open up the h-file, after the opponent has short castled and before the player deploying the trap, usually Black, has short castled.

Sacrifice (chess)
In chess, a sacrifice is a move that gives up a piece with the objective of gaining tactical or positional compensation in other forms. A sacrifice could also be a deliberate exchange of a chess piece of higher value for an opponent's piece of lower value.

Any chess piece excluding the king may be sacrificed. Because players usually try to hold on to their own pieces, offering a sacrifice can come as an unpleasant surprise to one's opponent, putting them off balance and causing them to waste precious time trying to calculate whether the sacrifice is sound or not, and whether to accept it. Sacrificing one's queen (the most valuable piece), or a string of pieces, adds to the surprise, and such games can be awarded brilliancy prizes.
Warren W. Duncan
Warren Webster Duncan (January 21, 1857 – April 11, 1938) was an American jurist.

Born near Jeffersonville, Illinois, Duncan received his bachelor's degree from Ewing College. He then studied law and received his law degree from Saint Louis University School of Law. Buncan was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1885 and practiced law in Marion, Illinois. Duncan served on the Williamson County, Illinois Board of Education and was a Republican. He served as an Illinois circuit court judge and on the Illinois Appellate Court. Duncan served on the Illinois Supreme Court from 1915 until his retirement in 1933. Duncan died at his home in Marion, Illinois.

Williamson County, Illinois
Williamson County is a county in Illinois. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 67,153. Its largest city and county seat is Marion. Williamson County is part of the Metro Lakeland area of Southern Illinois.
Padmalal de Alwis
Padmalal de Alwis is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Central Provincial Council. He is a member of the United National Party. He is known as 'Kalu Aliya'. He is the acting president in the Central Provincial Council as an opposition member.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Samu Pyykkönen
Samu Pyykkönen (born 4 September 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey centre currently playing for Hokki in Mestis.

Pyykkönen made his professional debut for Hokki during the 2012–13 Mestis season, playing eight games and scoring one goal. He then became a regular member of the team until 2017 when he joined fellow Mestis team IPK. After two seasons with IPK, Pyykkönen returned to Hokki on 21 May 2019.

Mestis
Mestis (from Finnish: Mestaruussarja, meaning 'Championship series', stylized as MEST1S) is the second-highest men's ice hockey league in Finland. The league was established by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association in 2000 to replace the I-divisioona ('First Division').

Promotion to the SM-liiga is achievable for a Mestis team if it defeats an SM-liiga club in the qualification series and meets all the criteria established by the SM-liiga. However, Mestis is an open league that allows for relegation and promotion with the third league, Suomi-sarja.

Mestis is also the highest league under the governance of the FIHA.
Juglans
Walnut trees are any species of tree in the plant genus Juglans, the type genus of the family Juglandaceae, the seeds of which are referred to as walnuts.  All species are deciduous trees, 10–40 metres (33–131 ft) tall, with pinnate leaves 200–900 millimetres (7.9–35.4 in), with 5–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the wingnuts (Pterocarya), but not the hickories (Carya) in the same family.

The 21 species in the genus range across the north temperate Old World from southeast Europe east to Japan, and more widely in the New World from southeast Canada west to California and south to Argentina.

Edible walnuts, which are consumed worldwide, are usually harvested from cultivated varieties of the species Juglans regia. China produces half of the world total of walnuts.

Old World
The "Old World" (Latin: Mundus vetus) is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Julián Rejala
Julián Rejala (1907–1981) was a Paraguayan guitarist.

He was born in a small town of Aregua, in the Central Department of Paraguay, called “Kokué Guazú”, on February 16, 1907.

He studied guitar with Enriqueta González and interested in theatre he work in Julio Correa's Company, the great creator of Guaraní Theatre.

Central Department
Central (Spanish pronunciation: [senˈtɾal]) is a department in Paraguay. Its capital is situated in Areguá. With more than 1.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populated of the 17 departments of Paraguay. It is also the smallest department, with a total area of 2,465 square kilometres (952 sq mi).
Muine Bheag (Bagenalstown) railway station
Muine Bheag halt serves the town of Bagenalstown (Irish: Muine Bheag), in County Carlow, Ireland.  Nearby is Leighlinbridge in the same county.

It is a station on the Dublin to Waterford intercity route.

The station is staffed; the main platform is fully accessible but the far-side platform (used only when two trains pass in the station) is accessible only by stairs and a footbridge.

Leighlinbridge
Leighlinbridge (/ˈlɔːxlɪn.brɪdʒ/; Irish: Leithghlinn an Droichid, meaning ''half-glen' or 'grey glen' of the bridge') is a small town on the River Barrow in County Carlow, Ireland. It is 11 km south of Carlow town, on the R705 road. The N9 national primary route once passed through the village, but was by-passed in the 1980s.

It covers the townlands of Leighlin (east bank of the river) and Ballyknockan (west bank). The village features narrow winding streets, grey limestone malthouses and castle ruins overlooking a 14th-century bridge across the River Barrow. Leighlinbridge has won the National Tidy Towns Competition, has come first in the Barrow Awards, been an overall national winner in Ireland's Green Town 2000, and represented Ireland in the European "Entente Florale" competition in 2001.
Maryland Suffrage News
The Maryland Suffrage News was a weekly newspaper founded in Baltimore, Maryland in 1912 by Edith Houghton Hooker as the voice of the Just Government League (JGL) of Maryland, a pro-women's suffrage organization that she founded in 1909. Hooker was the editor of the paper and Dora G. Ogle was the business manager, while Hooker and her husband, Donald R. Hooker, provided the main financial backing. Members of the National American Women's Suffrage Association (NAWSA) could subscribe to the national Woman’s Journal (Boston) and the Maryland Suffrage News at the same time, but the Maryland Suffrage News also was available by separate subscriptions. Eventually, the JGL affiliated with the National Woman's Party, a group that advocated for suffrage via congressional amendment, a stance that led to its withdrawal from the NAWSA.

Edith Houghton Hooker
Edith Houghton Hooker (December 29, 1879 – October 23, 1948) was an American suffragist and social worker. She was a leader of the suffrage movement in Maryland in the early twentieth century and was posthumously inducted into the Maryland Women's Hall of Fame. She was a maternal aunt of actress Katharine Hepburn.
Michale Fee
Michale Sean Fee (born November 6, 1964) is an American applied physicist who works on the neural mechanisms of sequence generation and learning. Michale Fee is faculty in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and an Investigator in the McGovern Institute for Brain Research. His laboratory studies how songbirds generate and learn complex vocal sequences.

Applied physics
Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering.
"Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors, such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the technology or science that may be affected by the work. Applied physics is rooted in the fundamental truths and basic concepts of the physical sciences but is concerned with the utilization of scientific principles in practical devices and systems and with the application of physics in other areas of science and high technology.
Enrique Verduga
Enrique Verduga (born 19 January 1964) is an Ecuadorian footballer. He played in twelve matches for the Ecuador national football team from 1987 to 1995. He was also part of Ecuador's squad for the 1989 Copa América tournament.

1989 Copa América
The 1989 Copa América football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated.

Brazil won their fourth Copa América, and first since 1949, by beating Uruguay 1–0 in the final match at the Estádio do Maracanã. This achievement ended a 19-year streak without official titles for the Brazilians. The last one had been in the 1970 World Cup. The final match between Brazil and Uruguay on Maracanã Stadium also marks exactly 39 years, on another 16 July since the FIFA World Cup 1950 Final.

Moreover, Brazil was victorious in the Copa América after a 40-year hiatus, and this achievement ended Brazil's 19-year streak without an official championship since the 1970 World Cup.

The top scorer was Brazilian Bebeto. He scored six times, including three in the final group stage.
Gerard of Brussels
Gerard of Brussels (French: Gérard de Bruxelles, Latin: Gerardus Bruxellensis) was an early thirteenth-century geometer and philosopher known primarily for his Latin book Liber de motu (On Motion), which was a pioneering study in kinematics, probably written between 1187 and 1260. It has been described as "the first Latin treatise that was to take the fundamental approach to kinematics that was to characterize modern kinematics." He brought the works of Euclid and Archimedes back into popularity and was a direct influence on the Oxford Calculators (four kinematicists of Merton College) in the next century. Gerard is cited by Thomas Bradwardine in his Tractatus de proportionibus velocitatum (1328). His chief contribution was in moving away from Greek mathematics and closer to the notion of "a ratio of two unlike quantities such as distance and time", which is how modern physics defines velocity.

Thomas Bradwardine
Thomas Bradwardine (c. 1300 – 26 August 1349) was an English cleric, scholar, mathematician, physicist, courtier and, very briefly, Archbishop of Canterbury. As a celebrated scholastic philosopher and doctor of theology, he is often called Doctor Profundus (medieval epithet, meaning "the Profound Doctor" or "the Profound Teacher").
Harfordia macroptera
Harfordia macroptera is a woody perennial in the family Polygonaceae commonly known as rabbit's purse. It is the sole species in the genus Harfordia, which is endemic to the Baja California Peninsula. This plant is characterized by a unique, conspicuous bladder embellished with red to purple veins that surround the fruit. The sac-like structure is actually a dramatically modified bract, and assists in dispersal of the seeds through the wind.

Baja California peninsula
The Baja California peninsula (Spanish: Península de Baja California, lit. 'Lower California peninsula') is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula extends from Mexicali, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south.

With a length of 1,247 km (775 miles), its width ranges from 40 km (25 miles) at its narrowest to 320 km (200 miles) at its widest point and has approximately 3,000 km (1,900 miles) of coastline and approximately 65 islands. The total area of the Baja California peninsula is 143,390 km2 (55,360 sq mi).

The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. There are four main desert areas on the peninsula: the San Felipe Desert, the Central Coast Desert, the Vizcaíno Desert, and the Magdalena Plain Desert.