hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Healthcare Spending Account
A Health Care Spending Account (HCSA), or Healthcare Spending Account (HSA; French: comptes gestion-santé) is a type of flexible employee benefit program in Canada that aims to provide more flexibility than a traditional health plan. As a supplemental program, it covers items that are not normally part of the traditional plan. Generally these plans include a fixed amount per employee available to be claimed, which makes budgeting for them easier for employers. Expenses that can be claimed against an HCSA are regulated by the Canada Revenue Agency.

HSAs can be utilized to supplement insured PHSP, or implemented as "stand-alone" plans instead of insured PHSP. Private PHSP (which may take the form of HSA) may form part of a Health and Welfare Trust (see IT-85R2) or flexible employee benefit program (see IT-529).

Health policy
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society". According to the World Health Organization, an explicit health policy can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future; it outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it builds consensus and informs people.
Jhorahat
Jhorahat is a village development committee (according to older administrative division of Nepal) in Morang District in the Koshi Zone of south-eastern Nepal. According to the most recent administrative division, Jhorahat is in Gramthan Gaunpalika Ward Number-2 of Province Number 1 of Nepal. In the south, it is bordered to Biratnagar metropolitan city, the second largest city of Nepal. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census it had a population of 4844 people with 2457 male population and 2387 female population.

2001 Nepal census
The 2001 Nepal census (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०५८) was conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. According to the census, the population of Nepal in 2001 was 23,151,423.

Working with Nepal's Village Development Committees at a district level, data was  recorded from all the main towns and villages of each district of Nepal. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
French ironclad Richelieu
The French ironclad Richelieu was a wooden-hulled central battery ironclad built for the French Navy in the early 1870s. She was named after the 17th century statesman Cardinal de Richelieu. The ship was the flagship of the Mediterranean Squadron for most of her career. Richelieu caught on fire in Toulon in 1880 and was scuttled to prevent her magazines from exploding. She was salvaged and, after being repaired, resumed her role as flagship. In 1886, however, the ship was placed in reserve and was eventually condemned in 1901. While being towed to the ship breakers in Amsterdam in 1911, Richelieu was caught in a storm in the Bay of Biscay and had to be cast loose from her tugboat. Nevertheless, the ship survived the storm and was recovered near the Scilly Isles from where she was towed to her final destination.

Magazine (artillery)
A magazine is an item or place within which ammunition or other explosive material is stored. The word is taken originally from the Arabic word makhāzin (مخازن), meaning "storehouses", via Italian and Middle French.

The term is also used for an ammunition dump, a place where large quantities of ammunition are stored for later distribution. This usage is less common.
Renata Vesecká
Renata Vesecká  (born 27 March 1960) is a Czech politician, lawyer and former prosecutor who served as State Attorney for the Czech Republic from 2005 to 2010.

Vesecká ran as an independent candidate in the 2025 Czech parliamentary election with the Motorists for Themselves party. She was elected as the lead candidate for the party list in the Hradec Králové Region.

Motorists for Themselves
Motorists for Themselves (Czech: Motoristé sobě, abbreviation AUTO) is a right-wing political party in the Czech Republic seeking to represent motorists' interests by primarily focusing on the issues of car ownership, opposition to combustion engine phase-out across the European Union, and anti-environmentalism.

Initially formed as a party aimed at declaring a nationwide referendum on the membership of the Czech Republic in the European Union, it was transformed under Petr Macinka, a spokesperson of the Václav Klaus Institute, for the 2022 Prague municipal election. The party gained one MEP in the 2024 European Parliament election, and then finished sixth in the 2025 Czech parliamentary election, passing the threshold to enter parliament.
Pınar İlkkaracan
Pınar İlkkaracan is a researcher trained both in psychotherapy and political science and a human rights activist. She is the co-founder of two NGOs, Women for Women’s Human Rights (WWHR) – NEW WAYS, a women’s NGO that led various successful legal reforms in Turkey towards gender equality in Turkey and the Coalition for Sexual and Bodily Rights (CSBR), a network of leading organizations and academics from 14 Muslim countries.

Pınar İlkkaracan is the editor of Women and Sexuality in Muslim Societies (translated into Arabic and Turkish) and Deconstructing Sexuality in the Middle East (2008), as well as many other articles. She was awarded the prestigious Gruber Prize for Women’s Rights of The Peter and Patricia Gruber Foundation in 2007 for her leadership for women’s rights at the global level.

Gruber Foundation
The Gruber Foundation is a philanthropic foundation established by Peter and Patricia Gruber and is based at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Its mission is to honor and encourage excellence in the fields of cosmology, genetics, neuroscience, justice, and women's rights, which encompasses three major programmatic initiatives: the Gruber Prizes and the Young Scientists Awards; the Gruber Science Fellowship Program; and the Gruber Program for Global Justice and Women's Rights at Yale Law School.
Bellmon
Bellmon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony A. Bellmon (born 1990), American politician in Pennsylvania

Henry Bellmon (1921–2009), American governor of Oklahoma

Shirley Osborn Bellmon (1927 - 2000), American businesswoman

Henry Bellmon
Henry Louis Bellmon (September 3, 1921 – September 29, 2009) was an American Republican politician from the U.S. State of Oklahoma. A member of the Oklahoma Legislature, he went on to become both the 18th and 23rd governor of Oklahoma, mainly in the 1960s and again in the 1980s, as well as a two-term United States Senator in the 1970s. He was the first Republican to serve as Governor of Oklahoma and, after his direct predecessor George Nigh, only the second governor to be reelected.

A World War II veteran, Bellmon served a single term in the Oklahoma House of Representatives, before running for governor. After serving in the U.S. Senate, he returned to serve again as governor and was responsible for passing a large education reform package. He died in 2009 after a long struggle with Parkinson's disease.
Marc Dolez
Marc Dolez (born 21 October 1952, in Douai, Nord) is a French politician.  He represented the Nord's 17th constituency from 1988 to 1993, and again from 1997 to 2017. A former member of the Socialist Party, he was a founding member, with PS Senator Jean-Luc Mélenchon, of the Left Party.

Douai
Douai (UK: /ˈduːeɪ/ DOO-ay, US: /duˈeɪ/ doo-AY, French: [dwɛ] ⓘ; Picard: Doï; Dutch: Dowaai; formerly spelled Douay or Doway in English) is a city in the Nord département in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. Located on the river Scarpe some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Lille and 25 km (16 mi) from Arras, Douai is home to one of the region's most impressive belfries.
Ikey Robinson
Isaac L. "Banjo Ikey" Robinson  (July 28, 1904 – October 25, 1990) was an American banjoist and vocalist.

Born in Dublin, Virginia, United States, Robinson moved to Chicago, Illinois, in 1926, playing and recording with Jelly Roll Morton, Clarence Williams, and Jabbo Smith during 1928 and 1929. In 1929, Robinson recorded in Chicago with Georgia Tom, billed as the Hokum Boys.  Their track, written by Dorsey, "I Had to Give Up Gym" was an early dirty blues song, sometimes described as hokum.

His groups included Ikey Robinson and his Band (w/ Jabbo Smith), the Hokum Trio, The Pods of Pepper, Windy City Five, and Sloke & Ike.

Hokum
Hokum is a particular song type of American blues music—a song which uses extended analogies or euphemistic terms to make humorous, sexual innuendos. This trope goes back to early dirty blues recordings, enjoyed huge commercial success in the 1920s and 1930s, and is used from time to time in modern American blues and blues rock.

An example of hokum lyrics is this sample from "Meat Balls", by Lil Johnson, recorded in 1937:

Got out late last night, in the rain and sleet
Tryin' to find a butcher that grind my meat
Yes I'm lookin' for a butcher
He must be long and tall
If he want to grind my meat
'Cause I'm wild about my meat balls.
Waitara River
The source of the Waitara River lies in the very steep hill country to the east of Mount Taranaki/Egmont, near Tahora. After proceeding in a southwesterly direction toward Central Taranaki, the river abruptly turns to flow in a northwesterly direction to the Tasman Sea: meeting it at the coastal town of Waitara.

The river once had a dock in Waitara, where export meat from the town's Thos. Borthwick & Sons freezing-works was loaded onto ships. However, this trade was subsequently conducted from New Plymouth's Port Taranaki until the works closed in 1995.

The Waitara is the first mud-bottomed river to the north of Cape Egmont. It is prone to flooding, and there are stop banks (levees) to the west of the river (upstream from the bridge) and on both sides downstream.

The historic Bertrand Road suspension bridge, (one of only a few such road bridges in New Zealand)      is several kilometres from State Highway 3 (just up from the town).

State Highway 3 (New Zealand)
State Highway 3 (SH 3) is one of New Zealand's eight national state highways. It serves the west coast of the country's North Island and forms a link between State Highway 1 and State Highway 2. Distances are measured from north to south.

For most of its length SH 3 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas.
George Bates (Australian footballer)
George William Henry Bates (5 January 1914 – 1 April 1983) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood, Richmond and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Bates returned to his original club, Northcote, after just once season at Collingwood. He was a centre half-back in Northcote's 1934 premiership team and had a starring role in another premiership two years later.

He resumed his VFL career in 1937 and made 14 appearances that year, including a semi final.

After two more seasons with Richmond, Bates made his way to South Melbourne in 1940.

Northcote Football Club
The Northcote Football Club (/ˈnoːθ.kət/), nicknamed the Dragons, was an Australian rules football club which played in the VFA from 1908 until 1987. The club's colours for most of its time in the VFA were green and yellow, and it was based in the Melbourne suburb of Northcote.
Ernest Winslow
Ernest Winslow (born May 22, 1962) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who has competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series.

Winslow has also previously competed in the UARA STARS Late Model Series.

ISCARS Dash Touring Series
The  ISCARS Dash Touring Series (previously known as the NASCAR Baby Grand National, Goody's Dash Series and IPOWER Dash Series among others) was a stock car racing series created by NASCAR in 1973, initially running solely at North Wilkesboro Speedway, that involved V6 powered stock cars raced over relatively short distances. In 1975 the series branched out to other tracks besides North Wilkesboro Speedway. After the end of the 2003 season, NASCAR transferred the Goody's Dash series to IPOWER (International Participants Of Winning Edge Racing). In 2004, they ran the IPOWER Dash Series. In January 2005, officials announced the cancellation of the 2005 Dash season due to problems with sponsorship. The International Sport Compact Auto Racing Series (ISCARS) purchased the series allowing the series to continue through 2005 and was operating until 2011.
Greatest Hits (Ike & Tina Turner album)
Greatest Hits is a compilation album of Ike & Tina Turner's most popular singles. It was released on United Artist Records in March 1976. This is the last album released while the duo were still together. The material spans 15 years, from their first hit single, "A Fool In Love" in 1960 up until their last "Baby, Get It On" in 1975. The album peaked at No. 71 in Australia.

Baby, Get It On
"Baby, Get It On" is song written by Ike Turner and Tina Turner, and released by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner on United Artist Records in 1975. The song was the lead single from Tina Turner's solo album Acid Queen. It is noted for being the last chart entry for Ike & Tina Turner before their separation.
Steve Stackable
Steve Stackable (born July 3, 1954) is an American former professional motocross racer and current hang glider instructor. He competed in the AMA Motocross Championships from 1974 to 1981. Stackable is notable for winning the 1975 AMA 500cc Supercross national championship.

AMA Motocross Championship
The AMA Motocross Championship (commercially known as Pro Motocross Championship) is an American motorcycle racing series. The motocross race series was founded and sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1972. The series is the major outdoor motocross series in the United States and is sanctioned by AMA Pro Racing and managed by MX Sports Pro Racing.

With respect to the MXGP holding the discipline's worldwide title, and the advent of the FIM Supercross World Championship resulting in the AMA Supercross Championship losing its world title status, the two series will form the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Villitis of unknown etiology
Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE), also known as chronic villitis, is a placental injury. VUE is an inflammatory condition involving the chorionic villi (placental villi). VUE is a recurrent condition and can be associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR involves the poor growth of the foetus, stillbirth, miscarriage, and premature delivery. VUE recurs in about 1/3 of subsequent pregnancies.

VUE is a common lesion characterised by inflammation in the placental chorionic villi. VUE is also characterised by the transfer of maternal lymphocytes across the placenta.

VUE is diagnosed in 7–10% placentas in pregnancies. Roughly 80% of the VUE cases are in term placentas (greater than 37 weeks of pregnancy). A case of VUE in a placenta less than 32 weeks old should be screened for infectious villitis.

Syncytiotrophoblast
The syncytiotrophoblast (from the Greek 'syn'- "together"; 'cytio'- "of cells"; 'tropho'- "nutrition"; 'blast'- "bud") is the epithelial covering of the highly vascular embryonic placental villi, which invades the wall of the uterus to establish nutrient circulation between the embryo and the mother. It is a multinucleate, terminally differentiated syncytium, extending to 13 cm.
Adelaide Avenue
Adelaide Avenue is a limited-access road in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.

The road connects Yarralumla with the Parliament House area.  Adelaide Avenue is a popular tourist route, since Parliament house, The Lodge, the residence of the Australian Prime Minister, and the Royal Australian Mint, can be seen from it. It continues as Yarra Glen to link to the district of Woden.

The far right lane was used as a bus lane until December 2006, but due to the Gungahlin Drive Extension it was changed to a T2 transit lane. The T2 lane was reverted to a bus lane on 14 November 2011 after the completion of the Gungahlin Drive Extension. However a week after the lane was turned back to a bus lane the ACT Liberals and the ACT Greens overturned the decision, resulting in the lane changing to a T2 lane despite the wishes of the Labor party and the Transport Workers Union.

ACT Greens
The ACT Greens is a green political party located in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), and a member of the federation of the Australian Greens. Both parties were formed in 1992, three years after the ACT achieved self-government in 1989.

Since its formation the ACT Greens has had a significant presence in the ACT Legislative Assembly, having formed minority or coalition governments with the Labor Party since 2008.
Ibrahim Bello Mohammad
Ibrahim Bello Mohammed, also known as IBM, (born 15 may, 1996). He is a Nigerian politician serving as the Member representing the Birnin-Kebbi/Kalgo/Bunza Federal Constituency in the 10th National House of Representative.
He is presently  the youngest member of this assembly.

Kalgo
Kalgo is a Local Government Area (LGA) in Kebbi State, Nigeria. It was created in 1996 out of the Bunza LGA. Its headquarters are in the town of Kalgo. Kalgo LGA shares a west border with Bunza LGA.

It has an area of 1,173 km2 and a population of 85,403 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 862.
Parallel analysis
Parallel analysis, also known as Horn's parallel analysis, is a statistical method used to determine the number of components to keep in a principal component analysis or factors to keep in an exploratory factor analysis. It is named after psychologist John L. Horn, who created the method, publishing it in the journal Psychometrika in 1965. The method compares the eigenvalues generated from the data matrix to the eigenvalues generated from a Monte-Carlo simulated matrix created from random data of the same size.

Monte Carlo method
Monte Carlo methods, also called the Monte Carlo experiments or Monte Carlo simulations, are a broad class of computational algorithms based on repeated random sampling for obtaining numerical results. The underlying concept is to use randomness to solve deterministic problems.

Monte Carlo methods are mainly used in three distinct problem classes: optimization, numerical integration, and non-uniform random variate generation, available for modeling phenomena with significant input uncertainties, e.g. risk assessments for nuclear power plants. Monte Carlo methods are often implemented using computer simulations. They can provide approximate solutions to problems too complex for mathematical analysis.
General debate of the sixty-third session of the United Nations General Assembly
The general debate of the sixty-third session of the United Nations General Assembly was the first debate of the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly that ran from 23 – 29 September 2008. Leaders from a number of member states addressed the General Assembly.

Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann
Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann M.M. (February 5, 1933 – June 8, 2017) was an American-born Nicaraguan diplomat, politician and Catholic priest of the Maryknoll Missionary Society. As the President of the United Nations General Assembly from September 2008 to September 2009, he presided over the 63rd Session of the United Nations General Assembly. He was also nominated as Libyan Representative to the UN in March 2011. He died on 8 June 2017, having suffered a stroke several months earlier.
Calephelis arizonensis
Calephelis arizonensis, the Arizona metalmark, is a species of metalmark in the butterfly family Riodinidae. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Calephelis arizonensis is 4394.

Riodinidae
Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1,532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, the family is also represented both in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Australasian (Dicallaneura), Afrotropic (Afriodinia, Saribia), and Indomalayan realms.
La Bien-aimée
La Bien-aimée is a 1967 French television drama directed by Jacques Doniol-Valcroze. It was based on short story "Fanny" by Lucie Faure who wrote screenplay. The music score is by Maurice Leroux. The production designer was Jean d'Eaubonne and the cinematographer was Sacha Vierny.

Sacha Vierny
Sacha Vierny (10 August 1919 – 15 May 2001) was a French cinematographer. He was born in Bois-le-Roi, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France, and died in Paris, France, at the age of 81. He is most famous for his work with Alain Resnais – especially for the two films Hiroshima mon amour and L'année dernière à Marienbad – and with Peter Greenaway (The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover, Prospero's Books).
Humanitarian Response Index
The Humanitarian Response Index (HRI) is an independent civil society initiative to annually assess and rank wealthy countries against their commitment to improve the quality and effectiveness of their humanitarian assistance. Developed by DARA (formerly, Development Assistance Research Associates), the HRI's intended purpose is to assist the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's Development Assistance Committee (OECD/DAC)  donor governments ensure that their humanitarian assistance has the greatest impact on beneficiaries. The HRI's aim is to improve the quality and effectiveness of aid, and promote greater efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability of government donors. The first edition was published in 2007, followed by subsequent editions in 2008, 2009, and 2010.

Civil society
Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere. By other authors, civil society is used in the sense of
(1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or
(2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.

Sometimes the term civil society is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc., that make up a democratic society" (Collins English Dictionary). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a normative concept of civic values.
Armenian National Council
The following institutions use, or have used, the name of Armenian National Council:

Armenian National Assembly

Armenian National Congress (1917)

Armenian National Council (1917–18), initially based in Tbilisi, which declared the independence of the First Republic of Armenia in 1918

Armenian National Council of Karabakh, also referred to as People's Government of Karabakh before the rename in September 1918 to Karabakh Council

Armenian National Council of Baku

Armenian National Council (1917–18)
The Armenian National Council (Armenian: Հայոց Ազգային Խորհուրդ) was a permanent executive body formed by the Armenian National Congress in Tbilisi (then in the Russian Empire) in October 1917. The Council was responsible for creating the First Republic of Armenia in May 1918, the first independent Armenian state since the decline of the Khachen principality.
Minamoto no Kanemasa
Minamoto no Kanemasa (源 兼昌, dates unknown) was a waka poet and Japanese nobleman active in the Heian period. One of his poems is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. A member of the Minamoto clan, his work is also included in the Kin'yō Wakashū and the Shinsenzai Wakashū.

Waka (poetry)
Waka (和歌; 'Japanese poem') is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌, in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta (大和歌).