hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pierre Wiltzius
Pierre Wiltzius ((1952-05-13)May 13, 1952 Luxembourg - ) is a physicist, the Executive Dean of the College of Letters and Science and Susan & Bruce Worster Dean of Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara and an Elected Fellow of the American Physical Society and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (Engineering, 1999).

His research has varied from photonic crystals and new fabrication techniques such as multi-beam interference lithography and colloidal self-assembly, complex fluids and soft condensed matter, resulting in high citations of 1310, 771 and 537, two of them consistently published by Nature.

Complex fluid
Complex fluids are mixtures that have a coexistence between two  phases: solid–liquid (suspensions or solutions of macromolecules such as polymers), solid–gas (granular), liquid–gas (foams) or liquid–liquid (emulsions). They exhibit unusual mechanical responses to applied  stress or  strain due to the geometrical constraints that the phase coexistence imposes.  The mechanical response includes transitions between solid-like and fluid-like behavior as well as fluctuations.  Their mechanical properties can be attributed to characteristics such as high disorder, caging, and clustering on multiple length scales.
Armstrong Siddeley Beta
Armstrong Siddeley Beta was an early rocket engine, intended for use in supersonic aircraft.

The Miles M.52, the intended British contender for supersonic flight, had been cancelled in 1946 due to uncertainty concerning its turbojet engine's thrust potential and the risks of crewed supersonic flight. A scale model was then built by Vickers with a 362 kg (800 lbf) thrust hydrogen peroxide 'hot' motor evolved at Westcott derived from the Walter HWK 109-509 engine. This initiated the Beta and the subsequent Delta engines. In October 1948 the Vickers Transonic model flew at 930 mph (Mach 1.5) in level flight at 35,000 ft.

To reduce the risks of single-sourced engines, other makers were given experience of work with hydrogen peroxide. In 1952 Napier were providing their NRE.17 engines for missile trials, as a line of development from Beta.

Rocket Propulsion Establishment
The Rocket Propulsion Establishment at Westcott, Buckinghamshire on the site of the former RAF Westcott has made a number of notable contributions in the field of rocket propulsion, including input on the rocket design for the Blue Streak missile and the propulsion systems on Chevaline. It was also known as the Guided Projectiles Establishment and PERME Westcott (Propellants, Explosives and Rocket Motor Establishment, Westcott).

For many years this establishment was regarded as so secret that it was not marked on Ordnance Survey maps, although it was present, from necessity, on maps for the use of pilots.
Wyoming's 56th House of Representatives district
Wyoming's 56th House of Representatives district is one of 62 districts in the Wyoming House of Representatives. The district encompasses part of Natrona County. It is represented by Republican Representative Elissa Campbell of Casper.

In 1992, the state of Wyoming switched from electing state legislators by county to a district-based system.

Wyoming House of Representatives
The Wyoming House of Representatives is the lower house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 62 Representatives in the House, representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state, each with a population of at least 9,000. The House convenes at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the House serve two year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Representatives to six terms (twelve years).

The current Speaker of the House is Chip Neiman.
Teo Đogaš
Teo Đogaš (born 19 February 1977 in Split) is a water polo player from Croatia, who was a member of the men's national team that won the world title at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships in Melbourne, Australia. At club level, Đogaš played most notably for Olympiacos, HAVK Mladost, POŠK Split, Jadran Split, AS Pescara and VA Cattaro.

POŠK
POŠK (POmorski Športski Klub: Marine Sports Club), is a professional water polo club based in Split, Croatia. The club was founded in 1937. As of 2021–22 season, it competes in the Croatian League and Regional League A2.
Vitulli
Vitulli is a surname. It is the surname of:

Christian Vitulli (born 1988), tennis player at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' Singles

Marie A. Vitulli, American mathematician

Rocco Vitulli, one of the Lucchese crime family mobsters

Thea Vitulli (born 1900), Argentine opera soprano in Belfagor and La Boheme

2006 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' singles
Thiemo de Bakker defeated Marcin Gawron in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–4) to win the boys' singles tennis title at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships.

Jérémy Chardy was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to compete in junior events.
Ole Stenen
Ole Stenen (29 August 1903 in Øyer Municipality, Gudbrandsdal – 23 April 1975) was a Norwegian Nordic skier who competed in nordic combined and cross-country skiing in the 1920s and early 1930s.

He was born in Øyer Municipality and represented the club Øyer IL. He died in April 1975 in Oslo.

He won a silver medal in Nordic combined  at the 1932 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York. In additionally, victory in the 50 km cross-country event at both the 1931 World Ski Championships and the 1931 Holmenkollen ski festival. He also won a silver medal in the Nordic combined at the 1929 World Ski Championships and finished fourth at the 1934 World Ski Championships. Due to these achievement, Stenen shared the Holmenkollen medal in 1931 with fellow Norwegian Hans Vinjarengen, a Nordic combined athlete.

He participated in the demonstration event, military patrol (precursor to biathlon), in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
John Wright (footballer, born 1878)
John "Jack" Wright (born 1878 in Ireland) was an Irish professional footballer, who played for Cliftonville and Huddersfield Town. He was also capped by and captained the Irish national football team.

Before and after his football career Wright served in the British armed forces in the Boer War, in the Royal Irish Rifles, and later in The Great War, in the North Irish Horse, reaching the final rank of regimental sergeant major (temporary) in 1918.

Cliftonville F.C.
Cliftonville Football & Athletic Club is a semi-professional association football club playing in the NIFL Premiership – the top division of the Northern Ireland Football League. The club was founded on September 20 1879 by John McAlery in the suburb of Cliftonville in north Belfast and are the founders of football in Ireland.

It is the oldest football club in Ireland and celebrated its 140th anniversary in 2019. Since 1890, the club has played home matches at Solitude. Cliftonville contests the North Belfast derby with nearby rivals Crusaders, and also has local rivalries with Linfield and Glentoran. They have the distinction of never being relegated, along with the Big Two.

The club has won the league title five times outright including one shared title, the Irish Cup nine times and the Northern Ireland Football League Cup six times.
Lingapuram
Lingapuram is a village in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Amaravathi mandal of Guntur revenue division. The village forms a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region, under the jurisdiction of APCRDA.

Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority
The Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA) is an urban planning agency of the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region, in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The APCRDA was established under the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority Act, 2014 (dissolved in 2020 and reestablished in 2021). The authority has a jurisdictional area of 8,352.69 km2 (3,224.99 sq mi), covering the districts of Guntur, Eluru, NTR, Krishna, Palnadu, and Bapatla.

The CRDA approved land pooling of an additional 20,494 acres from four villages in Amaravati mandal and three villages in Thullur mandal for the development of Amaravati.
Novohrednieve
Novohrednyeve (Ukrainian: Новогреднєве; Russian: Новогреднево) is a village in Beryslav Raion (district) in Kherson Oblast of southern Ukraine, at about 63.9 kilometres (39.7 mi) northeast by north (NEbN) of the centre of Kherson city. It belongs to Kalynivske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. As of 2025, the village occupies an area of 0.625 km2.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Roben Nsue
Roben Obama Nsue Ondo (born 21 June 1993), also known as Rubén Darío, is an Equatoguinean footballer who plays as a striker for Liga Nacional de Fútbol club Akonangui FC and the Equatorial Guinea national team.

Akonangui FC
Akonangui Fútbol Club is an Equatoguinean football club based in the city of Ebibeyin.

It was dissolved in 2010, but returned for the 2012 season in Second Division, ascending to First Division next year.
Joseph Brunet
Joseph Brunet (November 26, 1834 – April 17, 1904) was a politician and businessman.

Born in St. Vincent de Paul, Lower Canada, Brunet was an alderman for Montreal for two terms between 1872 and 1877 and 1886 to 1902. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party to represent Montréal division no. 2 in the 1890 Quebec general election. He was defeated when he ran for re-election in 1892.

He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a Member of the Liberal Party in a by-election on January 15, 1902 to represent the riding of St. James. His election was declared void on December 22, 1902.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Jnana Prabodhini
Jnana Prabodhini  is a social organization in India. Founded in 1962, its activities have expanded into multiple aspects of social work. The main activity of the organization is to provide education. It aims at refining the physical, mental, intellectual, and spiritual qualities of people in general and of the youth in particular, believing that this development will encourage positive social leadership qualities. Its activities are centered in the fields of education, research, rural development, health, and youth organisation.

The organization is headquartered in Pune, Maharashtra, formed around a cluster of public charitable trusts. It is active in most districts of Maharashtra, with facilities in Pune, Nigdi, Salumbre, Solapur, Harali, and Ambajogai. It does some work in parts of Jammu and Kashmir and the northeastern states of India. The organization has started a school in Nigdi, Solapur and Sadashiv Peth, Pune.

Social organization
In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on.

Because of these characteristics of social organization, people can monitor their everyday work and involvement in other activities that are controlled forms of human interaction. These interactions include: affiliation, collective resources, substitutability of individuals and recorded control. These interactions come together to constitute common features in basic social units such as family, enterprises, clubs, states, etc. These are social organizations.

Common examples of modern social organizations are government agencies, NGOs, and corporations.
Psychotria jugalis
Psychotria jugalis is a plant species belonging to the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Fiji. This species is also part of the order Gentianales. The species Psychotria jugalis itself is part of the genus Psychotria. The scientific name of this species was first published by Albert Charles Smith.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Time In (song)
"Time In" is a song written by Rich Alves, Roger Murrah, and James Dean Hicks, and recorded by The Oak Ridge Boys.  It was released in October 1987 as the first single from Heartbeat.  The song reached number 17 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart.

The Oak Ridge Boys
The Oak Ridge Boys are an American vocal quartet. The group consists of Duane Allen (lead), William Lee Golden (baritone), Richard Sterban (bass), and Ben James, who replaced Joe Bonsall as tenor in December of 2023. Allen, Bonsall, Golden, and Sterban comprised the group's longest-lasting lineup, from 1973 until 2023, except for the period between 1987 and 1995 when Golden was replaced by Steve Sanders.

The act was founded in 1943 as Wally Fowler and the Georgia Clodhoppers, but were soon known as The Oak Ridge Quartet. They became popular in Southern gospel in the 1950s and their name was changed to Oak Ridge Boys in the 1960s. They moved from traditional southern gospel to contemporary gospel before going into popular music in the mid-1970s.

The Oak Ridge Boys finally broke through in the late 1970s, including their appearance on "Slip Slidin' Away" with Paul Simon, and reached their commercial peak in 1981 with their cover of "Elvira", a Top 5 hit on the Billboard Hot 100.
Gymnastics at the 2019 European Games – Women's artistic qualification
Women's artistic gymnastics qualification at the 2019 European Games was held at Minsk Arena on June 27. The results of the qualification determined the qualifiers to the finals: 18 gymnasts in the all-around final, and 6 gymnasts in each of 4 apparatus finals. Two gymnasts per country could qualify to the all-around final, and one gymnast per country could qualify to the apparatus finals.

2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.
Akhund Panju Baba Mosque
Akhund Panju Baba Mosque is a mosque in Akbarpura, Nowshera, Pakistan. It is named after famous saint Hazrat Syed Abdul Wahab (Akhund Panju Baba), Hussaini Syed.

Famous sufis and saints including Bahadur Baba, father of Kaka Sahib, Akhund Salak Baba, Pir Sabak, Ali Khan Baba of charsadda were his disciples.

Nowshera District
Nowshera District (Pashto: نوښار ولسوالۍ‎, Urdu: ضلع نوشہرہ) is a district in the Peshawar Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital and district headquarter is Nowshera city.
Gordon Macdonald (rugby union)
William Gordon Macdonald (30 December 1938 — 28 June 2012) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Born in Glasgow, Macdonald was educated at Belmont House School and Oundle School. The company his father founded, Macdonald's Biscuits, created and manufactured Penguin biscuits.

Macdonald played his rugby for London Scottish, which he captained to an unbeaten season in 1968–69. He was a Scotland international player in 1969, gaining his solitary cap off the bench against Ireland at Murrayfield, as a replacement for injured centre Chris Rea. His time on the field was limited to 99 seconds and he neither got to touch the ball or produce a tackle. This was followed by a place on Scotland's end-of-season tour of Argentina, which didn't include capped matches. He also represented Middlesex and later served as selector for the county.

Penguin (biscuit)
Penguin is a chocolate sandwich biscuit with a chocolate flavoured coating, filled with chocolate flavour cream. It is produced by Pladis' manufacturing division McVitie's at their Stockport factory. Since 2025, the coating on the biscuits has been described as "chocolate flavour" because the amount of cocoa it contains has been reduced below the 20% minimum required to be called "chocolate".
2012 United States Senate election in Rhode Island
The 2012 United States Senate election in Rhode Island was on November 6, 2012, alongside the presidential election, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections.

In the 2006 Senate election, former Attorney General of Rhode Island Sheldon Whitehouse defeated one-term Republican incumbent Lincoln Chafee. Chafee had been appointed to the Senate in 1999 when his father, the incumbent senator John Chafee died. He then won election to a first term in 2000. Whitehouse won 53.52% of the vote in 2006.

Incumbent Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse was reelected to a second term in a landslide by a 30-point margin of 65% - 35%. This election was the first time since 1970 that the election for Rhode Island's Class 1 Senate seat did not feature a member of the Chafee family.

John Chafee
John Lester Hubbard Chafee (/ˈtʃeɪfiː/ CHAY-fee; October 22, 1922 – October 24, 1999) was an American politician and officer in the United States Marine Corps. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 66th governor of Rhode Island, as the secretary of the Navy, and as a United States senator.
Yonex Ladies Golf Tournament
The Yonex Ladies Golf Tournament is an annual event on the LPGA of Japan Tour. It was first played in 1999. The host venue is the Yonex Country Club in Niigata Prefecture. The 2021 prize money is ¥70,000,000 the winner's share is ¥12,600,000.

Shiho Oyama
Shiho Oyama (大山志保, Ōyama Shiho, born 25 May 1977) is a Japanese female professional golfer.

Oyama plays on the LPGA of Japan Tour where she has won 17 times and led the money list in 2006. She played on the LPGA Tour in 2009.

Oyama competed for Japan at the 2016 Summer Olympics, finishing 42nd.
From this moment despair ends and tactics begin
From this moment despair ends and tactics begin is a stencil mural at Marble Arch in London by the graffiti artist Banksy.  It was created during Extinction Rebellion protests in London in 2019 when Marble Arch was a base for the protestors.

The slogan is a quotation from The Revolution of Everyday Life by the Situationist philosopher Raoul Vaneigem.  This book was first published in 1967 as Traité de savoir-vivre à l'usage des jeunes générations and inspired many such slogans painted as graffiti by Paris students during the unrest of May 68.  It then inspired British revolutionaries such as the Angry Brigade.

The accompanying picture shows a child planting a seedling and labelling it with the extinction symbol, which is the logo of Extinction Rebellion.

The Angry Brigade
The Angry Brigade was a British terrorist group responsible for a series of armed actions against the establishment in England between 1970 and 1972. Using small bombs, they targeted banks, embassies, a BBC Outside Broadcast vehicle, and the homes of Conservative Members of Parliament (MPs). In total, police attributed 25 bombings to the Angry Brigade. The bombings mostly caused property damage; one person was slightly injured. Of the eight people who stood trial, known as the Stoke Newington Eight, four were acquitted. John Barker, along with Hilary Creek, Anna Mendelssohn and Jim Greenfield, were convicted on majority verdicts, and sentenced to ten years. In a 2014 interview, Barker described the trial as political, but acknowledged that "they framed a guilty man".
Pop Idol series 2
The second and final series of British reality television show Pop Idol aired on ITV on from 13 September to 20 December 2003. Michelle McManus was announced as the winner and received a £1 million recording contract to release her debut album. Ant & Dec returned to present the show on ITV, whilst Simon Cowell, Neil Fox, Nicki Chapman and Pete Waterman all returned as judges.

The second series was not as successful as the first series, and the viewing figures for the finale were much lower. Waterman considered McManus an unworthy winner. In 2004, Pop Idol was axed and ITV announced a new show created by Cowell, with no involvement from Pop Idol creator Simon Fuller—The X Factor. The perceived similarity between the two shows later became the subject of a legal dispute.

Nicki Chapman
Nicki Chapman (born 14 January 1967) is an English television and radio presenter, talent show judge and public relations agent who previously worked in the British pop music industry.

Chapman was a judge on the ITV reality shows Popstars, with Nigel Lythgoe and Paul Adam, and Pop Idol, along with Simon Cowell, Pete Waterman and Neil Fox. She currently hosts Wanted Down Under, Escape to the Country and its spin-offs I Escaped to the Country, and Escape to the Continent as well as The RHS Chelsea Flower Show. She currently presents on Magic Radio as presenter of the weekday evening show.