hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Konstantin Stepankov
Kostiantyn Petrovich Stepankov (Ukrainian: Костянтин Петрович Степанков, by name of Kostiantyn Petrovich Voloshchuk; 3 June 1928 – 22 July 2004) was a Soviet and Ukrainian actor. He appeared in more than fifty films between 1958 and 1999. He was a member of the jury at the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

Order of Merit (Ukraine)
The Order of Merit (Ukrainian: Орден «За заслуги») (Distinguished service) first, second or third class, is the Ukrainian order of merit, given to individuals for outstanding achievements in economics, science, culture, military or political spheres of activity. It was first established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on September 22, 1996.

There are 3 grades, the highest being the first grade honours.

Those who are awarded the Order of Merit have the official title Chevalier of the Order of Merit.

The order can be granted posthumously.
Edgar Beck
Sir Edgar Charles Beck CBE (11 May 1911 – 29 July 2000) was a British civil engineer. He was managing director, chairman then president of Mowlem, one of the largest construction and civil engineering companies in the United Kingdom.

He was educated at Lancing College and then Jesus College, Cambridge before joining Mowlem in 1933. During World War II he helped with the construction of 10 airfields, and the Mulberry harbours used during the D-Day landings.

During Beck's chairmanship of Mowlem, the company reconstructed the 18th-century building at 10 Downing Street (1963), built the new London Bridge (1967), and built the NatWest Tower (1979, now Tower 42).

Beck was chairman of the Export Group for the Constructional Industries (1959–1963), and chairman of the council, then president, of the Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors. He was appointed a CBE in 1967 and was knighted in 1975.

Edgar Beck died in July 2000 and was survived by his wife, three sons and two daughters.

Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely. The cockerel is the symbol of Jesus College, after the surname of its founder. From 1560 to 1860, Jesus College was primarily a training college for Church of England clergy.

Jesus College has assets of approximately £375m making it Cambridge's seventh-wealthiest college. The college is known for its particularly expansive grounds which include its sporting fields and for its proximity to its boathouse. Three members of Jesus College have each received a Nobel Prize. Two fellows of the college have been appointed to the International Court of Justice.

Sonita Alleyne was elected master of Jesus College in 2019, 40 years after the college began admitting women as students. She is also the first black leader of an Oxbridge college.
Ana Novac
Ana Novac (June 21, 1924/1929 – March 31, 2010) was a Romanian-born writer.

She was born Zimra Harsányi in Dej in northern Transylvania and grew up in Oradea (Nagyvárad). Novac attended a Jewish school in Miskolc, Hungary. When Nazi Germany took control of Hungary in 1944, she was sent to Auschwitz. She also spent time in Kraków-Płaszów and other smaller camps and was able to maintain a journal during her time in the camps. She was eventually liberated at Chrastava in Czechoslovakia in May 1945. However, her parents and younger brother did not survive. Novac returned to Romania. She moved to Berlin during the mid-1960s, later settling in Paris.

Her journal was published as a book which was translated into a number of languages including French, German, Italian, Dutch and Hungarian. Its English title was The Beautiful Days of My Youth (1997). She also published a number of other books and plays. She died in Paris.

Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp
Plaszow (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpwaʂof]), officially named Plaszow concentration camp near Krakow (German: Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau), was a German Nazi concentration camp operated by the SS in the area of Podgórze and Wola Duchacka near Płaszów, a southern suburb of Kraków, in the General Governorate of German-occupied Poland. Most of the prisoners were Polish Jews who were targeted for destruction by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. Many prisoners died because of executions, forced labor, and the poor conditions in the camp. The camp was evacuated in January 1945, before the Red Army's liberation of the area on 20 January.
Nail Polish (film)
Nail Polish is a 2021 Indian Hindi-language legal thriller drama film written and directed by Bugs Bhargava Krishna. Produced by Pradeep Uppoor, Seema Mohaptra, Jahanara Bhagava and Dhirajj Vinodd Kapoor with the production house as Ten Years Younger Production. Starring Arjun Rampal, Manav Kaul, Madhoo, Rajit Kapur, Anand Tiwari and Samreen Kaur.
The film follows the trial of a famous social activist who is accused of raping and murdering two migrant children while also suspected of killing others. Nail Polish premiered on ZEE5 on 1 January 2021.

Dhiraj Vinod Kapoor
Dhiraj Vinod Kapoor (earlier known as Dheeraj Kapoor Alias Dheiraj Kapoor, Dhirajj Vinodd Kapoor) is an Indian actor, model, director, board advisor, consultant, producer and entrepreneur.  Kapoor is known for his modeling assignments with Honda Activa TVC, Byford T-shirts Campaign, Gurukul Campaign, BPL net.com Campaign, and IBM computers Campaigns.
Professionalization
Professionalization or professionalisation is a social process by which any trade or occupation transforms itself into a true "profession of the highest integrity and competence." The definition of what constitutes a profession is often contested. Professionalization tends to result in establishing acceptable qualifications, one or more professional associations to recommend best practice and to oversee the conduct of members of the profession, and some degree of demarcation of the qualified from unqualified amateurs (that is, professional certification). It is also likely to create "occupational closure", closing the profession and activities it encompasses to entry from outsiders, amateurs and the unqualified.

Occupations not fully professionalized are sometimes called semiprofessions. Critique of professionalization views overzealous versions driven by perverse incentives (essentially, a modern analogue of the negative aspects of guilds) as a form of credentialism.

Tradesperson
A tradesperson or tradesman/tradeswoman is a skilled worker that specialises in a particular craft or occupation. Tradespeople (tradesmen/women) usually gain their skills through work experience, on-the-job training, an apprenticeship program or formal education, or some mix of these methods.

As opposed to a master craftsman or an artisan, a tradesperson (tradesman/tradeswoman) is not necessarily restricted to manual work.
LaVon Crosby
LaVon K. Crosby (April 25, 1924 – July 27, 2016) was an American politician.

Born in Hastings, Nebraska, Crosby graduated from St. Cecilia's High School in Hastings, Nebraska in 1941. She graduated from University of Nebraska in 1987. In 1971, Crosby married former Nebraska Governor Robert B. Crosby. Crosby served in the Nebraska State Legislature from 1988 to 2000 and was a Republican.

Hastings, Nebraska
Hastings is a city in and the county seat of Adams County, Nebraska, United States.  The population was 25,152 at the 2020 census, making it the 8th most populous city in Nebraska.

Edwin Perkins invented Kool-Aid in Hastings in 1927; the town celebrates the invention with the Kool-Aid Days festival every August.

During World War II, Hastings operated the largest Naval Ammunition Depot in the United States, and for this reason was awarded the distinction of American World War II Heritage City by the National Park Service in 2023.
Enchoteuthis
Enchoteuthis (meaning "spear squid") is an extinct genus of large enchoteuthine cephalopod that lived during the Cretaceous. Although it and its relative Tusoteuthis are often compared to squid, both are now thought to be more closely related to modern octopuses. Examination of gladius remains initially yielded an estimated mantle length of about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) based on one specimen once described as Tusoteuthis longa, which is close to or equal to that of the modern giant squid, although reclassification of this genus as a muensterelloid results in a longer total length, about 3 m (10 ft). Three species are currently recognized as valid: E. melanae, E. tonii, and E. cobbani.

Mantle (mollusc)
The mantle (also known by the Latin word pallium meaning mantle, robe or cloak, adjective pallial) is a significant part of the anatomy of molluscs: it is the dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself.

In many species of molluscs the epidermis of the mantle secretes calcium carbonate and conchiolin, and creates a shell. In sea slugs there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal.

The words mantle and pallium both originally meant ‘cloak’ or ‘cape’; see mantle (vesture). This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle, usually referred to as the mantle margin, extend far beyond the main part of the body, forming flaps, double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses, including for example, the siphon.
The Villain (play)
The Villain is a 1662 tragedy by the English writer Thomas Porter. It was originally staged by the Duke's Company at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in London. The first cast included Thomas Betterton as Monsieur Brisac, Henry Harris as Monsieur Beaupre, John Young as Bontefeu, Samuel Sandford as Maligni and Mary Betterton as Bellmont. William Davenant wrote the epilogue.

It has been described as the only genuine tragedy of the decade, given the fashion for tragicomedy. Sandford was acclaimed for his role of the villain, and the play was a popular success.

Lisle's Tennis Court
51°30′55″N 0°6′55″W﻿ / ﻿51.51528°N 0.11528°W﻿ / 51.51528; -0.11528

Lisle's Tennis Court was a building off Portugal Street in Lincoln's Inn Fields in London.  Originally built as a real tennis court, it was used as a playhouse during two periods, 1661–1674 and 1695–1705. During the early period, the theatre was called Lincoln's Inn Fields Playhouse, also known as The Duke's Playhouse, The New Theatre or The Opera.  The building was rebuilt in 1714, and used again as a theatre for a third period, 1714–1732.  The tennis court theatre was the first public playhouse in London to feature the moveable scenery that would become a standard feature of Restoration theatres.
Cotterite
Cotterite is an extremely rare variety of quartz derived from a single horizontal vein of calcite, quartz and iron-rich mudstone cut through the Carboniferous Limestone in Rockforest, County Cork in Ireland.

Cotterite crystals grow in extremely thin layers that develop very thin cracks as they grow, causing light to be scattered in a frosting effect. This gives cotterite a distinctive pearlescent finish.

It was first discovered in 1874 by Grace Elizabeth Cotter of Mallow, who presented it to the National Museum of Ireland in 1876. Robert Harkness introduced it to the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, naming it cotterite in honour of Cotter. Since then only about 30 specimens have ever been found.

In 2024, a young boy named Ben O’Driscoll discovered a piece of cotterite in a newly ploughed field in Rockforest. This was the first time a specimen of cotterite had been found in 150 years.

National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland (Irish: Ard-Mhúsaem na hÉireann) is Ireland's leading museum institution, with a strong emphasis on national and some international archaeology, Irish history, Irish art, culture, and natural history. It has three branches in Dublin, the archaeology and natural history museums adjacent on Kildare Street and Merrion Square, and a newer Decorative Arts and History branch at the former Collins Barracks, and the Country Life museum in County Mayo.
U.S. Route 221 in Virginia
U.S. Route 221 (US 221) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from Perry, Florida to Lynchburg, Virginia.  In Virginia, the U.S. Highway runs 149.61 miles (240.77 km) from the North Carolina state line near Independence north to its northern terminus at US 29 Business, US 460 Business, and US 501 Business in Lynchburg.  US 221 connects Independence, Galax, and Hillsville in Southwest Virginia while running concurrently with US 58.  The U.S. Highway connects those communities with Roanoke via Floyd County, within which US 221 is the main east–west highway. Entering Bedford County, US 221 exits the Blue Ridge Mountains; it then passes through the Piedmont town of Bedford on its way to Lynchburg and shares a brief overlap with US 460 Business through the town. The U.S. Highway also runs concurrently with US 460 from Roanoke to Bedford and parallels that U.S. Highway from Bedford to Lynchburg.

Perry, Florida
Perry is a city and the county seat of Taylor County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, Perry had a population of 6,898. The city was named for Madison Perry, fourth governor of the state of Florida and a Confederate colonel during the American Civil War.
Krasnoselsky (inhabited locality)
Krasnoselsky (Russian: Красносе́льский; masculine), Krasnoselskaya (Красносе́льская; feminine), or Krasnoselskoye (Красносе́льское; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Krasnoselsky, Krasnodar Krai, an urban-type settlement in Gulkevichsky District of Krasnodar Krai

Rural localities

Krasnoselsky, Novosibirsk Oblast, a settlement in Karasuksky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Krasnoselskoye, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, a selo in Prokhladnensky District of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

Krasnoselskoye, name of several other rural localities

Kabardino-Balkaria
Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), officially the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 904,200. Its capital is Nalchik. The area contains the highest mountain in Europe,  Mount Elbrus, at 5,642 m (18,510 ft). Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban. The mountain is covered with snow year-round.
Gävlebro
Gävlebro is a rest area with a restaurant, located near the E4 motorway outside Gävle in Sweden. Inaugurated on 15 December 1987, the facility is built as a covered bridge restaurant. The structure is notable for being the only visible landmark the city of Gävle has on the E4 motorway, one of the most heavily congested roads, connecting Norrland with southern Sweden.

Gävle
Gävle (/ˈjɛvleɪ, -lə/ YEV-lay or YEV-lə; Swedish: [ˈjɛ̌ːvlɛ] ⓘ) is a city in Sweden, the seat of Gävle Municipality and the capital of Gävleborg County. It had 79,004 inhabitants in 2020, which makes it the 13th-most-populated city in Sweden. It is the oldest city in the historical Norrland (Sweden's northern lands), having received its charter in 1446 from Christopher of Bavaria. However, Gävle is far nearer to the greater Stockholm region than it is to most other major settlements in Norrland and has a much milder climate than associated with said region.

In recent years, the city has received much international attention due to its large Yule Goat figure made of straw – the Gävle Goat. The goat is erected in December each year and is often subsequently vandalized, usually by being set on fire. The goat has now become a symbol for the city and is being used for various marketing purposes.
Meredith Clausen
Meredith L. Clausen (born 1942) is an American architectural historian, and professor emeritus in the School of Art and the Department of Architecture at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, USA.  She is known for research and writing on American architect Pietro Belluschi and on Art Nouveau architecture.

Clausen graduated with a B.A. from Scripps College, Claremont, California, and went on to earn her M.A. (in 1972) and Ph.D. (in 1975) at the University of California, Berkeley.  She taught at the University of Washington from 1979 until 2023.

History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.

Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
SNTI
Système Numérisé de Transmissions Intérieures, commonly known as SNTI, refers to an Integrated Shipboard Communication System (ISCS) developed for the French Navy in the 1970s and first deployed in the early 1980s for use in combat ships then nuclear Ballistic missile submarines successors.

For the first time, this system has been offering on board a full resilient communication system mixing digital Voice and Data thanks to its revolutionary loop or ring protection concept. This major concept has also been used by the civilian Telecommunications (original invention patent by Sir Bernard Pando [1] [2]).

Surface warfare
Surface warfare is naval warfare involving surface ships. It is one of the four operational areas of naval warfare, the others being underwater warfare, aerial warfare, and information warfare. Surface warfare is the oldest and most basic form of naval warfare, though modern surface warfare doctrine originated in the mid-20th century.
Commander of the Air Force (Ukraine)
The commander of the Ukrainian Air Force (Ukrainian: Командувач Повітряних сил Збройних Сил України, romanized: Komanduvach Povitryanykh syl Zbroinykh Syl Ukrainy) is the head of the professional and administrative head of the Ukrainian Air Force, and is under the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The current commander of the air force is Lieutenant General Anatolii Kryvonozhko.

Ukrainian Air Defence Forces
The Ukrainian Air Defence Forces (UADF; Ukrainian: Війська протиповітряної оборони України, romanized: Vijśka protypovitrianoï oborony Ukraïny) were an anti-aircraft military service of Ukraine, active from 1992 to 2004.

They were established on the basis of the former Soviet 8th Air Defence Army, and the last commander of that army, Lieutenant General Mykhailo Lopatin, became the first commander of the Ukrainian Air Defence Forces.
1957 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 1 September 1957. The Progressive Citizens' Party won eight of the 15 seats in the Landtag, but remained in coalition with the Patriotic Union. Voter turnout was 93.4%, although only male citizens were allowed to vote.

Progressive Citizens' Party
The Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein (German: Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein, FBP) is a conservative political party in Liechtenstein. The FBP is one of the two major political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the liberal-conservative Patriotic Union. Founded in 1918 along with the now-defunct Christian-Social People's Party, it is the oldest extant party in Liechtenstein.
Amana German
Amana German (German: Amana-Deutsch or Kolonie-Deutsch, lit. Colony German) is a regiolect based on West Central German that is still spoken by several hundred people in the Amana Colonies in Iowa.

The Amana Colonies were founded in 1856 by Inspirationalists of German origin who came from West Seneca near Buffalo in New York. Amana is derived from the Hessian dialect, which is a West Central German dialect. There are seven villages in Amana with slightly different dialect features.

Even though the use of the language is in decline, it is far from being moribund. There are several major studies about the language of Amana.

Hessian dialects
Hessian (German: Hessisch) is a West Central German group of dialects of the German language in the central German state of Hesse. The dialect most similar to Hessian is Palatinate German (German: Pfälzisch) of the Rhine Franconian sub-family. However, the Hessian dialects have some features which set them somewhat apart from other West-Central German dialects.
2007 Vuelta a España
The 2007 Vuelta a España, the 62nd edition of the cycle race, took place from 1 September until 23 September 2007. For the first time in a decade, the race started in the region of Galicia, at Vigo, home to Óscar Pereiro, with a flat stage. It was also an unusual Vuelta because the first summit finish came already on the fourth day of racing, with a stage ending atop the famed Lagos de Covadonga.
The race was won by Denis Menchov, who also won the Mountains competition and the combined classification, and finished second in the points competition.

Vigo
Vigo (Galician: [ˈbiɣʊ], locally [ˈbiħʊ]) is a city and municipality in Spain, in the autonomous community of Galicia in the province of Pontevedra, and the capital of the comarca of Vigo. Located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, it sits on the southern shore of an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, the Ria de Vigo, the southernmost of the Rías Baixas.

The municipality, with an area of 109.06 km2 (42.11 sq mi) and a population of 295,523 in 2024 including rural parishes, is the most populous municipality in Galicia, and the 14th-most-populous in Spain. The area of the municipality includes the Cíes Islands, part of the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park.

Vigo is one of the region's primary economic agents, owing to the French Stellantis Vigo plant and to its port. Close to the Portugal–Spain border, Vigo is part of the Galicia–North Portugal Euroregion. The European Fisheries Control Agency is headquartered in Vigo.
Kansas Democratic Party
The Kansas Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Kansas and one of two major parties in the state, alongside the Republicans. The chair of the party is Jeanna Repass.

The party currently controls the state's governorship and lieutenant governorship, as well as one seat in the state's U.S. House delegation. It is currently in the minority in both houses of the state legislature.

Kansas Legislature
The Kansas Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Kansas. It is a bicameral assembly, composed of the lower Kansas House of Representatives, with 125 state representatives, and the upper Kansas Senate, with 40 state senators. Representatives are elected for two-year terms, senators for four-year terms.

Prior to statehood, separate pro-slavery and anti-slavery territorial legislatures emerged, drafting four separate constitutions, until one was finally ratified and Kansas became a state in 1861. Republicans hold a long-standing supermajority in both houses of the state legislature, despite a short-lived dominance by the Populist Party.

Composed of 165 state lawmakers, the state legislature meets at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka once a year in regular session. Additional special sessions can be called by the governor.
Chithirai Pookkal
Chithirai Pookkal (transl. Chaitra flowers) is a 1991 Indian Tamil-language romance film directed by Kanmani Subbu. The film stars newcomers Jayanthkumar and Vinodhini, with R. Sarathkumar, Radha Ravi, Charle, S. S. Chandran and Vinu Chakravarthy playing supporting roles. It was released on 23 February 1991.

Vinodhini
Vinodhini, also known as Swetha, (in Kannada films) is an Indian actress who appears in Tamil and Kannada films, and Tamil television shows. Beginning her acting career as a child artist, she went on to become one of the popular actress of 90's .apart from lead she also played supporting roles before acting in television series as well.