hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amine Bensaid
Amine Bensaid (Fes, 1968) is a Moroccan computer scientist and academic, president of Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane. His areas of specialization have included pattern recognition, machine learning, image processing, fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithms, and their applications to magnetic resonance imaging, data mining, web mining, and Arabic IT, fields in which he is author of influential publications. He was also president of Université Mundiapolis in Casablanca between 2011 and 2019. Since 2017, he has also been chairman of the board of the Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange (MACECE), which administers the Fulbright Program in Morocco.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Goca Božinovska
Gordana "Goca" Božinovska (Serbian Cyrillic: Гордана "Гоца" Божиновска; born 16 January 1965) is a Serbian pop-folk singer. Born in the village of Samaila near Kraljevo, she started her career by performing in kafanas dodging Ibar Highway alongside Vesna Zmijanac. Božinovska eventually rose to prominence after being discovered by singer Šaban Šaulić.

In 2013, she was a contestant on the reality show Farma, finishing in fourth place.

Božinovska was married to kick-boxer and alleged leader of Surčin Clan, Zoran Šijan, who was assassinated in 1999 under unresolved circumstances. She has three children.

Folk-pop
Folk-pop is a broad musical fusion genre that includes contemporary folk songs with pop arrangements, and pop songs with intimate, acoustic-based folk arrangements. Folk-pop has been popularized by mainstream media in recent years.
TaeguTec
TaeguTec Ltd. (Korean: 대구텍), formerly known as Korea Tungsten Company, is a multinational corporation headquartered in Daegu, Korea. TaeguTec group has 26 overseas subsidiaries, over 130 distributors and 30 agents in 50 countries across Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Americas.

In addition to the initial 80 per cent stake purchased in 2006, Warren Buffett paid an additional US$2 billion for the remaining stake in IMC, of which TaeguTec was a part. Through this acquisition, TaeguTec became Berkshire Hathaway's first and only wholly owned subsidiary in Korea. On October 25, 2007, Warren Buffett flew to Daegu to tour TaeguTec and to meet with the management. On March 21, 2011, Warren Buffett re-visited the firm to attend the TaeguTec Plant 2 inauguration ceremony and later met with Korean President Lee Myung-bak.

Inauguration
In government and politics, inauguration is the process of swearing a person into office and thus making that person the incumbent. Such an inauguration commonly occurs through a formal ceremony or special event, which may also include an inaugural address by the new official.

The word inauguration stems from the Latin augur, which refers to the rituals of ancient Roman priests seeking to interpret if it was the will of the gods for a public official to be deemed worthy to assume office.
La Prensa Libre
La Prensa Libre (The Free Press) was a daily newspaper published in San José, the capital city of Costa Rica. It was the country's oldest continually published newspaper, founded on 11 June 1889.

The newspaper stopped publishing its print edition on 31 December 2014, and moved to a digital format in January 2015. In August 2020, Grupo Extra announced that the newspaper was to cease publication, citing reduced advertising revenue due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Advertising revenue
Advertising revenue is the monetary income that individuals and businesses earn from displaying paid advertisements on their websites, social media channels, or other platforms surrounding their internet-based content. In September 2018, the U.S Internet advertising market was estimated to be worth $111 billion, with market share being held mostly between Google, Facebook, Amazon,  and Microsoft. These companies earn revenue through online advertising but also have initiated pathways for individual users and social media influencers to earn an income. Individuals and businesses can earn advertising revenue through advertising networks such as Google AdSense, YouTube monetization, or Outbrain.
Parramatta Valley cycleway
The Parramatta Valley cycleway is a 15-kilometre-long (9.3 mi) shared-use path for cyclists and pedestrians that is generally aligned with the Parramatta River in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The eastern terminus of the cycleway is at Morrison Bay Park in Ryde and heads west along dedicated bike paths, quiet streets and the river foreshore to its western terminus at Parramatta Park in Parramatta.

Shared-use path
A shared-use path, mixed-use path or multi-use pathway is a path which is "designed to accommodate the movement of pedestrians and cyclists". Examples of shared-use paths include sidewalks designated as shared-use, bridleways and rail trails. A shared-use path typically has a surface that is asphalt, concrete or firmly packed crushed aggregate. Shared-use paths differ from cycle tracks and cycle paths in that shared-use paths are designed to include pedestrians even if the primary anticipated users are cyclists.

The path may also permit other users such as inline skating. Contrastingly, motorcycles and mopeds are normally prohibited. Shared-use paths sometimes provide different lanes for users who travel at different speeds to prevent conflicts between user groups on high-use trails. Shared-use paths are criticised for creating conflict between different users. The UK's Department for Transport deprecates this kind of route in denser urban environments.
Kʼan Joy Chitam I
Kʼan Joy Chitam I, also known as Hok, Kan Xul I and Kʼan Hokʼ Chitam I, (May 3, 490 – February 6, 565) was an ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque. He took the throne on February 6, 529 at age 34, ending an interregnum that had lasted for a little over four years.

Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau /ɑːˈxaʊ/ ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the tzolkʼin, the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's kʼatun-ending rituals would fall.
Bhachau
Bhachau is a city and a municipality in Kutch district (kachchh) in the state of Gujarat, India.  Bhachau was one of many devastated towns in the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat, during the 1956 Anjar earthquake as well as in the 2001 Gujarat earthquake. As of 2011 it had a population of 39,532 in over 8,647 households.

Bhachau is often mentioned in the TV show Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah, as the Gada family and the protagonist Jethalal hail from there. Some villages of Bhachau are included in Vagad but not Bhachau.

Dilip Joshi
Dilip Joshi is an Indian actor (born 26 may 1968) who works in Hindi films and television and is best known for portraying the lead role in the long-running Indian Hindi-language television sitcom, Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah, in which he plays the role of a businessman Jethalal Champaklal Gada, who gets himself in many problems and troubles. The show originally broadcasts on the channel Sony SAB.
Rahul Salanke
Rahul Salanke, popularly known as RK Rahul is an Indian actor, primarily from Kannada cinema.

He made his acting debut in Nannusire in 2008. He is best known for his performance in the Kannada movie Jigarthanda produced by Kannada cinema actor Sudeep's company - Kichcha Creations.
He is also known for his performance as a VJ and television host for 'Ondu Prashne Ondu Haadu' TV show on Udaya Music.

He is an opening batsman for Karnataka Bulldozers in the Celebrity Cricket League (CCL).

Video jockey
A video jockey (abbreviated VJ or sometimes veejay) is an announcer or host who introduces music videos and live performances on commercial music television channels such as MTV, VH1, MuchMusic and Channel V.
Kubanskaya
Kubanskaya is a Russian, flavoured brand of vodka or nastoyka with a lemon flavour.

Kubanskaya was popular among expatriates living in Moscow during the 1990s. The 1998 Russian financial crisis triggered an exodus of the Moscow expatriates, and Kristall ceased production.

The vodka was mentioned in the novel Moscow-Petushki, and a song by the Zelenograd rock group NTO Retsept was called "Kubanskaya".

Moscow-Petushki
Moscow-Petushki, also published in English as Moscow to the End of the Line, Moscow Stations, and Moscow Circles, is a  postmodernist prose poem by Russian writer and satirist Venedikt Yerofeyev.

Written between 1969 and 1970 and passed around in samizdat, it was first published in 1973 in Israel and later, in 1977, in Paris.

It was  published in the Soviet Union only in 1989, during the perestroika era of Soviet history, in the literary almanac Vest'  (Весть) and in the magazine Abstinence and Culture (Трезвость и Культура, Trezvost i Kultura) in a slightly abridged form.

According to David Remnick, "Yerofeyev’s vodka-sodden classic is an account of one broken man’s attempt to get from here to there in an era of absolute societal rot. It’s the funniest thing in Russian since Ilf and Petrov".
River Riccal
The River Riccal is a river of North Yorkshire, England, lying within the North York Moors National Park. It is a tributary of the River Rye, which in turn is a tributary of the River Derwent. The name originates in the fourteenth century as Ricolvegraines means Rye Calf, where Calf is a small island near a larger one. This describes the way the river, and those nearby, form islands as their nature changes due to meandering.

Some writers have misspelled the river Riccall, possibly in confusion with an unconnected village in North Yorkshire. The Riccal name was also the name of a Rural District before 1935. The river is under the management of the Rye Internal Drainage Board, a member of the Vale of Pickering IDBs.

North York Moors
The North York Moors is an upland area and national park in North Yorkshire, England. It contains one of the largest expanses of heather moorland in the United Kingdom.

The area was designated a national park in 1952, through the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The park covers an area of 554 sq mi (1,430 km2), and had a population of 22,935 at the 2021 census. It is administered by the North York Moors National Park Authority, which is based in Helmsley.
Nokia X2
Nokia X2 is a brand name used for several phones made by Nokia:

Nokia X2-00 feature phone, 2010

Nokia X2-01 feature phone with a QWERTY keyboard, 2011

Nokia X2-02 feature phone, 2012

Nokia X2-05 feature phone, 2011

Nokia X2 (2014), Android smartphone successor to the Nokia X, 2014

Nokia X2 (2014)
The Nokia X2 is an entry-level smartphone which was announced and released by Microsoft Mobile on 24 June 2014. It is the successor of the Nokia X, being the first smartphone running version 2.0 of the Android-based Nokia X platform operating system. The Nokia X family of Android phones was discontinued on July 17, 2014.
1999 Nigerian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Nigeria on 27 February 1999. They were the first elections to be held since the 1993 military coup and were the first elections of the Fourth Nigerian Republic. A former military head of state from 1976 to 1979, Olusegun Obasanjo, was elected president. Supported by the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), he defeated Olu Falae who was backed by the Alliance for Democracy (AD) and All People's Party (APP). In 2025, Falae spoke up and claimed that "I won that election" instead of Obasanjo. He also claimed that his campaign didn't go to court as they were more concerned about the return to democracy after years of military rule.

Until 2023, this was the last election to not feature Muhammadu Buhari.

Fourth Nigerian Republic
The Fourth Republic is the current republican government of Nigeria. Since 1999, it has governed the country according to the fourth republican constitution. Nigeria adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 29 May 1999.
Shobita Satyapal
Shobita Satyapal is an American astrophysicist who studies supermassive black holes, intermediate-mass black holes, and their effects on galaxy formation and evolution. Her research has shown that dwarf galaxies and galaxies lacking a thick galactic bulge contain black holes that are larger than were expected, and combined data from multiple telescopes to find pairs of supermassive black holes approaching a collision. She is a professor in the Physics & Astronomy Department at George Mason University.

Galaxy formation and evolution
In cosmology, the study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies. Galaxy formation is hypothesized to occur from structure formation theories, as a result of tiny quantum fluctuations in the aftermath of the Big Bang. The simplest model in general agreement with observed phenomena is the Lambda-CDM model—that is, clustering and merging allows galaxies to accumulate mass, determining both their shape and structure. Hydrodynamics simulation, which simulates both baryons and dark matter, is widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution.
NA-240 Karachi South-II
NA-240 Karachi South-II (این اے-240، کراچی جنوبی -2) is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. It mainly comprised the historic Saddar Town neighborhood of Karachi. After the 2018 delimitations, its areas have been divided among the constituencies of NA-246 (Karachi South-I) and NA-247 (Karachi South-II), with NA-247 getting the larger piece. The Garden Subdivision was equally distributed between the two. After 2023 Delimitations This constituency revived.

Garden, Karachi
Garden (Urdu: گارڈ ن) is an upmarket neighbourhood, which is in the Karachi South district of Karachi, Pakistan. It is subdivided into two neighborhoods: Garden East and Garden West. It is the residential area around the Karachi Zoological Gardens, hence it is popularly known as 'Garden' area. Garden East is home to a house of worship for Baháʼís. It is also location of the Cincinnatus Town neighborhood which was established by Goan Catholics. The main Karimabad Jamaat Khana is the largest Ismai'li house of worship in the world.

The population of Garden used to be primarily Ismaili and Goan Catholic, but has seen increasing numbers of Memons, Pashtuns, and Baloch.

Garden area is divided into:

Garden East

Garden West

Other areas of Garden are:

Usmanabad

Badshahi Compound

Hasan Lashkari Village

Dhobi Ghat

Shoe Market area

Pakistan Quarters
Texas A&M–Victoria Jaguars
The Texas A&M–Victoria Jaguars (also known as Jaguars, Jags, or A&M–Victoria Jaguars, formerly UHV Jaguars) are the athletic teams that represent Texas A&M University–Victoria (TAMUV) in intercollegiate sports as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Red River Athletic Conference (RRAC) since the 2015–16 academic year. The Jaguars previously competed as an NAIA Independent within the Association of Independent Institutions (AII) from the school's athletic program's inception in 2007–08 until 2014–15.

TAMUV is one of eleven Texas A&M University System member schools with a varsity athletic program. The university and its athletic program assumed their current identities on September 1, 2025, when the former University of Houston–Victoria transferred from the UH System to the Texas A&M University System and became Texas A&M University–Victoria.

Red River Athletic Conference
The Red River Athletic Conference is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The conference's 13 member institutions are located in Louisiana, New Mexico, and Texas.
Reuben Burrow
Reuben Burrow (30 December 1747 – 7 June 1792) was an English mathematician, surveyor and orientalist. Initially a teacher, he was appointed assistant to Sir Nevil Maskelyne, the fifth Astronomer Royal, at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, and was involved in the Schiehallion experiment. He later conducted research in India, teaching himself Sanskrit and becoming one of the first members of the Asiatic Society. He was the first to measure the length of a degree of an arc of longitude along the Tropic of Cancer. His other major achievements included a study of Indian mathematics, although he earned a reputation for being rude and unpolished amid the leading figures in science who came mostly from the upper-class. One commentator called him "an able mathematician but a most vulgar and scurrilous dog."

Astronomer Royal
Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675; the junior is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.

The Astronomer Royal works to make observations to improve navigation, cartography, instrument design, and applications of geomagnetism. The position was created with the overall goal of discovering a way to determine longitude at sea when out of sight of land. The incumbent Astronomer Royal is Professor Michele Dougherty.
Luisito Occiano
Luisito Audal Occiano (born 21 June 1971) is a Filipino Roman Catholic prelate who is currently the bishop of the Diocese of Virac. He studied philosophy and theology at the Holy Rosary Minor Seminary in Naga, Camarines Sur and was ordained a priest on 10 November 1996. He then attended Ateneo de Manila University, and received a Master of Arts from Ateneo de Naga University. Occiano was appointed the Bishop of Virac on 29 February 2024. He was consecrated bishop by Rolando Tria Tirona on 21 June 2024 and was installed as Bishop of Virac on 26 June.

Ateneo de Manila University
The Ateneo de Manila University (Filipino: Pamantasang Ateneo de Manila; Spanish: Universidad Ateneo de Manila), commonly referred to as the Ateneo de Manila or the Ateneo, is a private Catholic research university in Quezon City, Philippines. Established in 1859 by the Jesuits, it is among the oldest Jesuit-administered institutions of higher education in the Asia-Pacific.

The university offers primary and secondary education, as well as undergraduate and graduate programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and business. The university provides professional degrees through the Graduate School of Business, the School of Government, the School of Medicine and Public Health, and the Ateneo Law School. It follows a Jesuit tradition of liberal arts education, emphasizing the humanities at all educational levels.
Rally for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia
The Rally for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánská strana Československa, abbreviated to Republikáni or SPR–RSČ) was a minor political party in the Czech Republic, strongly opposed to the EU, NATO and immigration. The party and its leader Miroslav Sládek are particularly known for their radical attitudes towards Roma people (antiziganism) and Germans.

Romani people in the Czech Republic
Romani people (Czech: Romové; commonly known as Gypsies, Czech: Cikáni) are an ethnic minority in the Czech Republic, currently making up around 2% of the population. Originally migrants from North Western India sometime between the 6th and 11th centuries, they have long had a presence in the region. Since the creation of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the Romani population have experienced considerable hardship, having been a main target of Nazi extermination programs during World War II, and the subject of forced relocation, sterilisation, and other radical social policies during the Communist era. In the successor state, the Czech Republic, challenges remain for the Romani population with respect to education and poverty, and there are frequent tensions with the white majority population over issues including crime and integration.
1864–65 United States Senate elections
The 1864–65 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. They occurred during the American Civil War and Abraham Lincoln's re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1864 and 1865, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Republican Party gained two seats. Most of the Southern states were absent because of the Civil War.

State legislature (United States)
In the United States,  the state legislature is the legislative branch in each of the 50 U.S. states.

A legislature generally performs state duties for a state in the same way that the United States Congress performs national duties at the national level. Generally, the same system of checks and balances that exists at the federal level also exists between the state legislature,  the state executive officer (governor) and the state judiciary.

In 27 states, the legislature is called the legislature or the state legislature, while in 19 states the legislature is called the general assembly. In Massachusetts and New Hampshire, the legislature is called the general court, while North Dakota and Oregon designate the legislature the legislative assembly.
LYME (software bundle)
LYME and LYCE are software stacks composed entirely of free and open-source software to build high-availability heavy duty dynamic web pages. The stacks are composed of:

Linux, the operating system;

Yaws, the web server;

Mnesia or CouchDB, the database;

Erlang, the functional programming language.

The LYME and LYCE bundles can be and are combined with many other free and open-source software packages such as e.g. netsniff-ng for security testing and hardening, Snort, an intrusion detection (IDS) and intrusion prevention system (IPS), RRDtool for diagrams, or Nagios, Collectd, or Cacti, for monitoring.

RRDtool
RRDtool (round-robin database tool) is a data logging and graphing system for time series data such as network bandwidth, temperatures, and CPU load. The data is stored in a circular buffer-based database, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

It also includes tools to extract round-robin data in a graphical format, for which it was originally intended.
Bindings exist for several programming languages, including Perl, Python, Ruby, Tcl, PHP and Lua. There is an independent full Java implementation called rrd4j.
Saint-Marc, Namur
Saint-Marc (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ maʁ(k)]; Walloon: Sint-Mår-dilé-Nameur) is a sub-municipality of the city of Namur located in the province of Namur, Wallonia, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1977. On 1 January 1977, it was merged into Namur.

Deelgemeente
A deelgemeente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːlɣəˌmeːntə] ⓘ, literally sub-municipality), or section (French pronunciation: [sɛksjɔ̃] ⓘ), is a subdivision of a municipality in Belgium and, until March 2014, in the Netherlands as well.