hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Painting with Light
Painting with Light (ISBN 0-520-08949-9) by John Alton is the first book written on cinematography by a major cinematographer.

The book was first published in 1949. The book's primary focus is on light and the many complex ways a camera crew can manipulate it for effect. Although much of the technical information is now obsolete, Alton, who worked on the films noir classics T-Men, He Walked by Night, The Amazing Mr. X, and The Big Combo, explains how lighting, shooting locations, and various camera techniques can be used to create a visual mood in film.

It was reviewed in The Times Literary Supplement no. 4845, (1996): 18

T-Men
T-Men is a 1947 semidocumentary and police procedural style film noir about United States Treasury agents.  The film was directed by Anthony Mann and shot by noted noir cameraman John Alton. The production features Dennis O'Keefe, Mary Meade, Alfred Ryder, Wallace Ford, June Lockhart and Charles McGraw. A year later, director Mann used the film's male lead, Dennis O'Keefe, in Raw Deal.

The film was endorsed by the U.S. Treasury Department: the opening credits are displayed over an image of the department's seal, then former Chief Coordinator of the department's six agencies Elmer Lincoln Irey delivers a monologue describing the objectives of those agencies and lauding their accomplishments. He describes the movie as a composite case from its files entitled "The Shanghai Paper Case".
Mierle Laderman Ukeles
Mierle Laderman Ukeles (born 1939) is a New York City-based artist known for her feminist and service-oriented artworks, which relate the idea of process in conceptual art to domestic and civic "maintenance". Since 1977, she has been the Artist in Residence (unsalaried) of the New York City Department of Sanitation.

Lucy R. Lippard
Lucy Rowland Lippard (born April 14, 1937) is an American writer, art critic, activist, and curator. Lippard was among the first writers to argue for the "dematerialization" at work in conceptual art and was an early champion of feminist art. She is the author of thirty books and has curated some fifty exhibitions in the United States, Europe, and Latin America. Lippard lives and works in Galisteo, New Mexico.
Rick L. Eddins
Rick L. Eddins is a former Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly, who represented the state's fortieth House district, including constituents in Wake County, for six terms (1995–2006). A business owner from Raleigh, North Carolina, Eddins was defeated for renomination to another term in the May 2, 2006 Republican primary by Marilyn Avila. He published a memoir, Call Me a Countrypolitan, in 2008.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
George L. Siegel
George L. Siegel (August 21, 1885 – January 23, 1963) was an American lawyer and politician.

Siegel was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota and went to the Saint Paul public schools. He received his law degree from St. Paul College of Law (William Mitchell College of Law) in 1911 and practiced law in Saint Paul, Minnesota. Siegel served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1917 to 1920 and in the Minnesota Senate from 1931 to 1954.

William Mitchell College of Law
The William Mitchell College of Law was a private law school from 1956 to 2015 in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. On December 9, 2015, the Hamline University School of Law and the William Mitchell College of Law were merged to form the Mitchell Hamline School of Law.

Before the 2015 merger, the law school was accredited by the American Bar Association, and offered full-time and part-time legal education in pursuit of the Juris Doctor degree.
Teche Greyhound Lines
The Teche Greyhound Lines (called also Teche or TGL), a highway-coach carrier, was a Greyhound regional operating company, based in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, from 1934 until 1954, when it (along with the Dixie Greyhound Lines) was merged into the Southeastern Greyhound Lines, a neighboring operating company.

[Teche, pronounced as "tesh", is a word of French origin, a word (téche) for "snake" – due to a legend (about a large snake in the region) which the natives had told to the early French traders and explorers – from the name of the Bayou Teche in the swamp country in coastal Louisiana.] 
Correction note: Not named Teche because of a big snake in the region; but, because the Bayou Teche has a snakelike appearance as it meanders through the land curving this way and then that way, similar to snakelike movements.

Bayou Teche
Bayou Teche (Louisiana French: Bayou Têche) is a 125-mile-long (201 km) waterway in south central Louisiana in the United States. Bayou Teche was the Mississippi River's main course when it developed a delta about 2,800 to 4,500 years ago. Through a natural process known as deltaic switching, the river's deposits of silt and sediment cause the Mississippi to change its course every thousand years or so.
Bureau of the European Parliament
The Bureau of the European Parliament is responsible for matters relating to the budget, administration, organisation and staff in the European Parliament. It is composed of the President of the European Parliament along with all 14 Vice-Presidents and the five Quaestors (in a consultative capacity). They are elected for two and a half years (renewable term) with the President holding a casting vote. Elections are usually held at the start, and at the midpoint, of each Parliamentary term.

Casting vote
A casting vote is a vote that someone may exercise to resolve a tied vote in a deliberative body. A casting vote is typically by the presiding officer of a council, legislative body, committee, etc., and may only be exercised to break a deadlock.

Examples of presiding officers who hold casting votes are the speaker of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom and the president of the United States Senate (an ex-officio role of the vice president of the United States).
Girls Versus Suits
"Girls Versus Suits" is the 12th episode of the fifth season of the American situation comedy television series How I Met Your Mother and the 100th episode overall. Written by series creators Carter Bays & Craig Thomas and directed by Pamela Fryman, the episode originally aired on CBS on January 11, 2010.

The episode features a fantasy musical number, "Nothing Suits Me Like a Suit", performed by Neil Patrick Harris, which was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Music and Lyrics.

How I Met Your Mother season 5
The fifth season of the American television comedy series How I Met Your Mother premiered on September 21, 2009, and concluded on May 24, 2010. It consists of 24 episodes, each running approximately 22 minutes in length. CBS broadcast the fifth season on Monday nights at 8:00 pm in the United States.
Frank Miele
Frank Miele (born c. 1955) is an American journalist and senior editor at Skeptic. He is best known for his advocacy of the concept of race, as well as defending the hereditarian hypotheses in its relation to race and intelligence.

Miele earned his B.A. in psychology in 1970 and an M.S. in 1972 from the University of Georgia where he studied under psychologist R. Travis Osborne. While an undergraduate, he became a regular contributor to Mankind Quarterly and collaborated with Donald A. Swan and A. James Gregor. He has also worked as a research assistant and consultant for Richard Lynn.

He made his first contribution to Skeptic in 1994. He has held interviews with notable figures from various disciplines including evolutionists Richard Dawkins and E. O. Wilson, anthropologists Donald Johanson, Lionel Tiger, and Robin Fox, and psychologist Robert Sternberg.

Robert Sternberg
Robert J. Sternberg (born December 8, 1949) is an American psychologist and psychometrician. He is a professor of Human Development at Cornell University. Sternberg received his BA from Yale University and a PhD from Stanford University under advisor Gordon Bower. He is a distinguished associate of the Psychometrics Centre at the University of Cambridge.

Among his major contributions to psychology, the most notable are the triarchic theory of intelligence and several influential theories related to creativity, wisdom, thinking styles, love, hate, and leadership. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Sternberg as the 60th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.
Urine osmolality
Urine osmolality is a measure of urine concentration, in which large values indicate concentrated urine and small values indicate diluted urine. Consumption of water (including water contained in food) affects the osmolality of urine.

Molality
In chemistry, molality is a measure of the amount of solute in a solution relative to a given mass of solvent. This contrasts with the definition of molarity which is based on a given volume of solution.

A commonly used unit for molality is moles of solute per kilogram solvent (mol/kg). A solution of concentration 1 mol/kg is often written as 1 molal (or 1 m).
Isaac Spackman
Isaac Spackman (died 1771) was an English painter. He practised about the middle of the eighteenth century, and is best known as a painter of birds and animals. Spackman died on 7 January 1771 in Islington.

His work is in the collection of the Courtauld Gallery, and the Yale Center for British Art.

Yale Center for British Art
The Yale Center for British Art at Yale University in central New Haven, Connecticut, houses the largest and most comprehensive collection of British art outside the United Kingdom. The collection of paintings, sculpture, drawings, prints, rare books, and manuscripts reflects the development of British art and culture from the Elizabethan period onward. Its director is currently Martina Droth.
Excalibosaurus
Excalibosaurus (meaning "Excalibur's lizard") is a monotypic genus of marine prehistoric reptiles (ichthyosaurs) that lived during the Sinemurian stage (approximately 199.5 ± 0.3 Ma to 192.9 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago)) of the Early Jurassic period in what is now England. It is characterized by the extreme elongation of the rostrum, with the lower jaw about three-quarters the length of the upper jaw, giving the animal a swordfish-like look. The only known species is Excalibosaurus costini.

Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic.
A. R. Marimuthu
A. R. Marimuthu was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Praja Socialist Party candidate from Adirampattinam constituency in 1957 election. He was elected again as a Praja Socialist Party candidate from Pattukottai constituency in 1967 and 1971 elections. He was elected again as an Indian National Congress candidate from Pattukottai constituency in 1977 election.

1957 Madras State Legislative Assembly election
The second legislative assembly election to the Madras state (presently Tamil Nadu) was held on 31 March 1957. This was the first election held after the linguistic reorganisation of Madras State in 1956. Indian National Congress and its leader, K. Kamaraj won the election and defeated their rival, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. In 1954, due to the resignation of C. Rajagopalachari, for his controversial Kula Kalvi Thittam, the leadership of Congress was contested between K. Kamaraj, and C. Subramaniam (who got the support of M. Bhaktavatsalam). Eventually, K. Kamaraj, won the support of the party, was elected leader and chief minister of Madras State in 1954.  In a surprise move, he appointed both M. Bhaktavatsalam and C. Subramaniam, to his cabinet, allowing great unity amongst the Congress that ruled the state of Madras, for the next decade. This election saw future DMK leaders M. Karunanidhi and K. Anbazhagan win their first MLA seats in the legislative assembly.
Calponin 1
Calponin 1 is a basic smooth muscle protein that in humans is encoded by the CNN1 gene.

The CNN1 gene is located at 19p13.2-p13.1 in the human chromosomal genome and contains 7 exons, encoding the protein calponin 1, an actin filament-associated regulatory protein. Human calponin 1 is a 33.2-KDa protein consists of 297 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 9.1, thus calponin 1 is also known as basic calponin.

Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. The term exon refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and to the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are covalently joined to one another as part of generating the mature RNA. Just as the entire set of genes for a species constitutes the genome, the entire set of exons constitutes the exome.
Sąpy, Elbląg County
Sąpy [ˈsɔmpɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Młynary, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Młynary, 22 km (14 mi) east of Elbląg, and 67 km (42 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Młynary
Młynary [mwɨˈnarɨ] (German: Mühlhausen in Ostpreußen) is a town in northern Poland, in Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, with 1,782 inhabitants (2018). This makes it the smallest of the 49 towns in the voivodeship.
Sheffield Sawmakers' Protection Society
The Sheffield Sawmakers' Protection Society (SSPS) was a trade union representing workers involved in making saws and similar blades, in Sheffield in England.

The origin of the union is unclear.  The union described itself as having been founded in 1797, while rules of a "Society of Sawmakers" in Sheffield exist from 1740.  However, after 1797, there are no records of the union until 1911, at which time, it had 280 members.

The union affiliated to the Trades Union Congress in 1945, and then grew until 1951, when it had 500 members.  Its membership then began to decline.  It avoided admitting women as members until the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 compelled it to do so, and the first woman joined in 1976.  From 1964 until 1981, its leading figure was president Harry Jones.

In 1984, the union merged into the Transport and General Workers' Union.

Sex Discrimination Act 1975
The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (c. 65) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which protected men and women from discrimination on the grounds of sex or marital status. The Act concerned employment, training, education, harassment, the provision of goods and services, and the disposal of premises.

The Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment) Regulations 1999, the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (Amendment) Regulations 2008 amended parts of this act to apply to those who "intend to undergo, are undergoing or have undergone gender reassignment".

Other amendments were introduced by the Sex Discrimination Act 1986, the Employment Act 1989, the Equality Act 2006, and other legislation such as rulings by the European Court of Justice.

The act did not apply in Northern Ireland, however the Sex Discrimination Gender Reassignment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1999 does.

The act was repealed in full by the Equality Act 2010.
Rigaku
Rigaku Corporation is an international manufacturer and distributor of scientific, analytical and industrial instrumentation specializing in X-ray related technologies, including X-ray crystallography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflectivity, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), automation, cryogenics, and X-ray optics.

X-ray optics
X-ray optics is the branch of optics dealing with X-rays, rather than visible light. It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy.

X-rays and visible light are both electromagnetic waves, and propagate in space in the same way, but because of the much higher frequency and photon energy of X-rays they interact with matter very differently. Visible light is easily redirected using lenses and mirrors, but because the real part of the complex refractive index of all materials is very close to 1 for X-rays, they instead tend to initially penetrate and eventually get absorbed in most materials without significant change of direction.
12/24 Karol Bagh
12/24 Karol Bagh is an Indian television comedy-drama series that aired on Zee TV set in the Karol Bagh area of Delhi. The series premiered on 31 August 2009. The series was directed by Ravi Bhushan shot in both Delhi and Mumbai studios. The story dealt with the conflicts between today's kids' generation and their parents. The series started the trend of TV serials being set in Delhi.

Hunar Hali
Hunar Hali (born 9 September 1989) is an Indian television actress. She is known for playing the lead role of Aditi Jaiswal in Chhal — Sheh Aur Maat, Nandini in Ek Boond Ishq on Life OK, and Lovely in Thapki Pyaar Ki.
GWR River Class
The 69 Class designed by William Dean for the Great Western Railway consisted of eight 2-4-0 tender locomotives, constructed at Swindon Works between 1895 and 1897. Nominally they were renewals of eight 2-2-2 engines that carried the same numbers, these themselves having been renewals by George Armstrong at Wolverhampton of 2-2-2s designed by Daniel Gooch as long ago as 1855.

In truth the Dean engines were in effect new engines, the only re-used parts being some recently fitted boilers of Swindon pattern. They had 6 ft 8 in (2.032 m) driving wheels and 17 in × 24 in (432 mm × 610 mm) cylinders. 2-4-0s, being mixed-traffic engines, were not usually named on the GWR, but all of the 69s did carry names, as follows:

69 Avon

70 Dart

71 Dee

72 Exe

73 Isis

74 Stour

75 Teign

76 Wye

The "Rivers" were originally allocated to Oxford, and later moved to the Bristol division. They were not long-lived as 2-4-0s, the last being withdrawn in 1918.

William Dean (engineer)
William Dean (8 January 1840 – 24 September 1905) was an English railway engineer. He was the second son of Henry Dean, who was the manager of the Hawes Soap Factory in New Cross, London. William was educated at the Haberdashers' Company School. He became the Chief Locomotive Engineer for the Great Western Railway from 1877, when he succeeded Joseph Armstrong. He retired from the post in 1902 and was replaced by George Jackson Churchward. He designed famous steam locomotive classes such as the Duke Class, the Bulldog Class and the long-lived 2301 Class.
Suvankar Bal
Suvankar Samir Krishna Bal (born 3 November 1995) is an Indian cricketer. He is right-handed batter who has played for Bengal in all three forms from 2020/21 season till 2023. He can bowl off break but has not been called on in senior matches.

Bal made his Twenty20 debut for Bengal in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 10 January 2021. He made his List A debut for Bengal in the 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 27 February 2021.

Bal made his debut in first-class cricket on 17 January 2023, playing for Bengal against Haryana in the 2022–23 Ranji Trophy. Batting at number six, he scored 30 out of 419 and helped Bengal to win by an innings and 50 runs. Bal did not bowl. He completed one catch to dismiss Yuvraj Singh in Haryana first innings.

Haryana cricket team
The Haryana cricket team is a domestic cricket team run by the Haryana Cricket Association, representing the state of Haryana, India. The team participates in the Ranji Trophy, the top tier domestic first-class cricket tournament in India, as well as the Vijay Hazare Trophy, the top tier domestic List A tournament in India, and the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, a domestic T20 tournament in India. It has won the Ranji Trophy once and finished as runner-up once. It has also won the Irani Cup once. Famous Indian all-rounder Kapil Dev played for Haryana at the domestic level.
The Laughing Policeman (novel)
The Laughing Policeman is a mystery novel by the Swedish writing duo Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö, originally published in Sweden in 1968 as Den skrattande polisen and translated into English in 1970. It is the fourth of ten novels featuring police detective Martin Beck.

In 1971, The Laughing Policeman won an Edgar Award for Best Novel. The 1973 American film The Laughing Policeman is a loose adaptation of the novel.

Jonathan Franzen has written an introduction for a Penguin Random House edition of the book. He describes radically critical image of Sweden as 'comic'. Franzen's 2012 collection of essays Farther Away also contains a reprint of a 2008 piece, "On The Laughing Policeman".

Jonathan Franzen
Jonathan Earl Franzen (born August 17, 1959) is an American novelist and essayist. His 2001 novel The Corrections drew widespread critical acclaim, earned Franzen a National Book Award, was a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction finalist, earned a James Tait Black Memorial Prize, and was shortlisted for the International Dublin Literary Award. His novel Freedom (2010) garnered similar praise and led to an appearance on the cover of Time magazine alongside the headline "Great American Novelist". Franzen's latest novel Crossroads was published in 2021, and is the first in a projected trilogy.

Franzen has contributed to The New Yorker magazine since 1994. His 1996 Harper's essay "Perchance to Dream" bemoaned the state of contemporary literature. Oprah Winfrey's book club selection in 2001 of The Corrections led to a much publicized feud with the talk show host.
Legendre's conjecture
Legendre's conjecture, proposed by Adrien-Marie Legendre, states that there is a prime number between  and  for every positive integer .
The conjecture is one of Landau's problems (1912) on prime numbers and is one of many open problems on the spacing of prime numbers.

Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to prove them.
Wisconsin Square
Wisconsin Square is a small park on Norfolk, Virginia's Elizabeth River waterfront, opposite the berth of the berth of the USS Wisconsin, a museum ship. It contains memorials to the seamen lost while serving on United States Navy ships homeported in Norfolk.

It also contains the ship's bell of USS Norfolk (DL-1) and a copy of The Lone Sailor.

Ship's bell
A ship's bell is a bell on a ship that is used for the indication of time as well as other traditional functions. The bell itself is usually made of brass or bronze, and normally has the ship's name engraved or cast on it.