hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 deficiency
Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 deficiency (MTHFD1 deficiency) is a disease resulting from mutations of the MTHFD1 gene. Patients with this disease may have hemolytic uremic syndrome, macrocytosis, epilepsy, hearing loss, retinopathy, mild intellectual disability, lymphocytopenia (involving all subsets) and low T-cell receptor excision circles.

T-cell receptor excision circles
T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) are small circles of DNA created in T-cells during their passage through the thymus as they rearrange their TCR genes. Their presence indicates maturation of T cells;
TRECs are reduced in SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disease).

Signal joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs) might be used as a way to test the age of the individual from a blood sample. The detection of sjTRECs can be further used as a diagnostic tool to monitor the thymic output (e.g., following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or in cases of AIDS).
Die Fastnachtsbeichte (opera)
Die Fastnachtsbeichte, op. 90, (Carnival Confession) is an opera in two acts by Giselher Klebe. His wife, Lore Klebe, wrote the libretto based on the novella of the same name by Carl Zuckmayer.

The opera premiered on 20 December 1983 at the Staatstheater Darmstadt, directed by Kurt Horres and conducted by Hans Drewanz.

Carl Zuckmayer
Carl Zuckmayer (27 December 1896 – 18 January 1977) was a German writer and playwright. His older brother was the pedagogue, composer, conductor, and pianist Eduard Zuckmayer.

His first two dramas were failures. In 1929, he wrote the script for the movie Der blaue Engel, for which he received the Georg Büchner Prize. He also wrote plays, including The Captain of Köpenick (1931), Des Teufels General (1946), Barbara Blomberg. Ein Stück in drei Akten (1949), and Kranichtanz. Ein Akt (1967).

Zuckmayer was a recipient of numerous awards and prizes, including the Kleist Prize, Medal of the city of Göttingen, the Grand Austrian State Prize for Literature, and the Ring of Salzburg.
Bruinsma
Bruinsma is a surname of West Frisian origin. It originated as a patronymic surname, "son of Bruin" (Bruno).   Notable people with this surname include:

Evan Bruinsma (born 1992), American basketball player

Klaas Bruinsma (drug lord) (1953–1991), Dutch drug dealer

Klaas Bruinsma (translator) (born 1931), West Frisian translator

Liesette Bruinsma (born 2000), Dutch Paralympic swimmer

Robijn Bruinsma (born 1953), Dutch theoretical physicist

Sikke Bruinsma (1889–1963), Dutch sports shooter

Robijn Bruinsma
Robijn F. Bruinsma (born May 15, 1953, Haarlem, The Netherlands) is a theoretical physicist and is Professor of Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles and Chair of the Department of Theoretical Physics for the Life Sciences at Leiden University. He is a specialist in the theory of condensed matter.

He has a B.S. degree in Physics from the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (1974), a M.S. in Physics from Utrecht University (1976), and a Ph.D. degree in Physics (1976) from the University of Southern California. His thesis advisor was Kazumi Maki.
Tömük Creek
Tömük Creek (also called Karakız) is an irregular-flow creek in Turkey.

It is in Erdemli ilçe (district) of Mersin Province.  The upper reaches are in Toros Mountains at 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) altitude. However, after the construction of Karakız Lake now it is fed by the lake  Its main course is toward south east. After flowing through Karahıdırlı and Tömük it flows to Mediterranean Sea at 36°38′34″N 34°22′38″E﻿ / ﻿36.64278°N 34.37722°E﻿ / 36.64278; 34.37722. The creek supplies the water to the agricultural area around Tömük

Tömük
Tömük is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Erdemli, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 12,170 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, Tömük was a town (belde). It is inhabited by Tahtacı.
Fogn Church
Fogn Church (Norwegian: Fogn kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in the large Stavanger Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located on the northwestern side of the island of Fogn. It is one of the two churches for the Talgje parish which is part of the Tungenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The red, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1991 using designs by the architect Elisabet Breen Fidjestøl. The church seats about 190 people.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
2019 FIS Cross-Country Australia/New Zealand Cup
The 2019 FIS Cross-Country Australia/New Zealand Cup was a season of the Australia/New Zealand Cup, a Continental Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 27 July 2019 in Falls Creek, Victoria, Australia and concluded on 5 September 2019 in Snow Farm, New Zealand.

Australia/New Zealand Cup
The Australia/New Zealand Cup (ANC) is a series of cross-country skiing events arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS). It is one of the nine FIS Cross-Country Continental Cups, a second-level competition ranked below the World Cup. The Australia/New Zealand Cup is open for competitors from all nations, but are mainly a competition for skiers from Australia and New Zealand. It is the only Continental Cup taking place in the Southern Hemisphere.

The Australia/New Zealand Cup has been held since the 2005, and has been a part of the Cross-Country Continental Cup since then.
G5012 Enshi–Guangyuan Expressway
The G5012 Enshi–Guangyuan Expressway (Chinese: 恩施—广元高速公路), commonly referred to as the Enguang Expressway (Chinese: 恩广高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei to Guangyuan, Sichuan.

Guangyuan
Guangyuan (simplified Chinese: 广元; traditional Chinese: 廣元; pinyin: Guǎngyuán; Wade–Giles: Kuang-yüan) is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan Province, China, bordering the provinces of Shaanxi to the northeast and Gansu to the northwest. Guangyuan City is located on the northern edge of the Sichuan Basin, on the upper reaches of the Jialing River, and is the junction of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. The city has a population of 2,305,657 as of the 2020 census. By the end of 2024, the registered population of the city will be 2,893,700. Among them, the urban population is 814,800 and the rural population is 2.078,800, accounting for 28.2% and 71.8% of the total population respectively.

Located roughly between the provincial capitals Chengdu, Lanzhou, Xi'an and Chongqing municipality, it is considered the northern gateway to Sichuan. It is an ancient city, notable for its relics and tombs.
Cambarellus lesliei
Cambarellus lesliei is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to Alabama and Mississippi in the United States. It is known commonly as the angular dwarf crawfish.

The main part of this species' distribution is Mobile Bay. It has been collected from the Alabama, Mobile, and Tombigbee Rivers. It lives in submerged vegetation in slow-moving and stagnant waterways.

This is listed as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is common in its range, and though it faces several threats, none are considered to be major. The crayfish is listed as a vulnerable species by NatureServe, because it has a limited range, a fragmented population, and threats to its survival that have likely led to declines in some subpopulations. Mobile Bay and its associated rivers host heavy shipping traffic and are affected by habitat disturbance and pollution.

NatureServe
NatureServe, Inc. is a non-profit organization based in Arlington County, Virginia, US, that provides proprietary wildlife conservation-related data, tools, and services to private and government clients, partner organizations, and the public. NatureServe reports being "headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, with regional offices in four U.S. locations and in Canada." In calendar year 2011 they reported having 86 employees, 6 volunteers, and 15 independent officers.
Maurito Lim
Maurito Lim, also known as Chairman Mau, (c. 1944 – February 14, 2015), a Filipino journalist for the DYRD-AM radio station in Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines, was killed outside of his radio station. According to officials, Lim has been known for criticizing local officials allegedly involved in the illegal drug trade which could be the cause of his death.

DYRD-AM
DYRD (1161 AM) is a radio station owned and operated by the Bohol Chronicle Radio Corporation. The station's studio is located at Bohol Chronicle Bldg., #56 Bernardino Inting St., Tagbilaran, and its transmitter facilities are located along Burgos St., Tagbilaran. Based on a survey conducted by Holy Name University Center for Research and Publications in 2016, it is ranked as the most listened to AM station.
RAF Petah Tiqva
Royal Air Force Petah Tiqva better known as RAF Sirkin or Camp Sirkin is a former Royal Air Force station located northwest of Kfar Sirkin, Central District, Israel. After the end of their mandate over Palestine and the withdrawal of the British in May 1948, the airbase was taken over by the Israeli Air Force and served as their first Flight Academy until 1955.

Central District (Israel)
The Central District (Hebrew: מחוז המרכז, Meḥoz haMerkaz; Arabic: المنطقة الوسطى, Minṭaqat al-Wasaṭ) of Israel is one of six administrative districts, including most of the Sharon region. It is further divided into four sub-districts: Petah Tikva, Ramla, Sharon, and Rehovot. The district's largest city is Rishon LeZion. The district's population as of 2017 was 2,115,800. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, 88% of the population is Jewish, 8.2% is Arab, and 4% are "non-classified", being mostly former Soviet Union immigrants of partial or nominal Jewish ethnic heritage or household members of Jews.
1999 Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts – Doubles
The 1999 Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts doubles was the doubles event of the third edition of the Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts; a WTA Tier III tournament held in the Gold Coast. Elena Likhovtseva and Ai Sugiyama were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Anke Huber and Mary Pierce.

Corina Morariu and Larisa Neiland won in the final 6–3, 6–3 against Kristine Kunce and Irina Spîrlea.

Ai Sugiyama
Ai Sugiyama (杉山愛, Sugiyama Ai; born July 5, 1975) is a Japanese former tennis player. She reached the world No. 1 ranking in women's doubles on the WTA Tour and had a career-high singles ranking of world No. 8, achieved on February 9, 2004. In her career, she won six singles and 38 doubles titles, including three Grand Slam titles (one with Julie Halard-Decugis and two partnering Kim Clijsters), and one Grand Slam mixed doubles title (partnering Mahesh Bhupathi). Sugiyama held the all-time record, for both male and female players, for her 62 consecutive Grand Slam main-draw appearances, until she was surpassed by Roger Federer at the 2015 Wimbledon Championships.
Haukkasalo
Haukkasalo is the third largest island in Lake Päijänne in Finland, located at 61.72N 25.43E. Visitors can access Haukkasalo by cable ferry or private boat. Less than 5 people live there all year round, but there are several summer cottages.

61°43′N 25°26′E﻿ / ﻿61.717°N 25.433°E﻿ / 61.717; 25.433

Cable ferry
A cable ferry (including the types chain ferry, rope ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. The earliest examples date from the 13th century, and often used either rope or steel chains. These were largely replaced by wire cable by the late 19th century. Cable ferries use relatively little energy, but can hinder other craft.
Kype
A kype is a hook-like appendage that develops at the distal tip of the lower jaw in some male salmonids prior to the spawning season. The structure usually develops in the weeks prior to, and during, migration to the spawning grounds. In addition to the development of the kype, a large depression forms in the two halves of the premaxilla in the upper jaw, allowing the kype to fit into the premaxilla when the mouth is closed.

The kype functions as a secondary sexual characteristic and influences the formation of dominance hierarchies at the spawning grounds. The size of the kype is believed to determine male spawning frequency.

Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. In humans, they are fused with the maxilla. The "premaxilla" of therian mammals has been usually termed as the incisive bone. Other terms used for this structure include premaxillary bone or os premaxillare, intermaxillary bone or os intermaxillare, and Goethe's bone.
Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion
Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion (English: Nándor Hidegkuti Stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium in Józsefváros, Budapest, Hungary. The stadium was opened on 13 October 2016. It was named after MTK Budapest and Hungary football player Nándor Hidegkuti (1922–2002). It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of MTK.

Hungarian forint
The forint (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈforint] ⓘ, sign Ft; code HUF) is the currency of Hungary. It was formerly divided into 100 fillér, but fillér coins are no longer in circulation. The introduction of the forint on 1 August 1946 was a crucial step in the post-World War II stabilisation of the Hungarian economy, and the currency remained relatively stable until the 1980s. Transition to a market economy in the early 1990s adversely affected the value of the forint; inflation peaked at 35% in 1991. Between 2001 and 2022, inflation was in single digits, and the forint has been declared fully convertible. In May 2022, inflation reached 10.7% amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine and economic uncertainty. As a member of the European Union, the long-term aim of the Hungarian government may be to replace the forint with the euro, although under the current government there is no target date for adopting the euro.
Kulthum
Kulthum or Kulsum (Arabic: كلثوم) is an Arabic female given name. It means, "someone with a beautiful face" or someone who comprehends people . It is feminized as "Umm Kulthum" (Kulthum's mother).

People who had this name:

Umm Kulthum

Kalsoom Nawaz Sharif, the wife of 12th Prime minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif

Kalsoom Perveen, a Pakistani Politician and a Member of Senate of Pakistan

Kulsoom Abdullah, a Pakistan American weightlifter

Kulsum Zamani Begum (1832-1902), Indian princess, daughter of Bahadur Shah Zafar the last Mughal Emperor of India

Kulsum Begum, builder of the Kulsum Begum Masjid, 17th-century princess of the Golconda Sultanate in southern India

People using it in their matronymic/patronymic or surname include:

Amr ibn Kulthum

Kulsoom Abdullah
Kulsoom Beenazir Abdullah Kakakhel (born 12 March 1976) is a Pakistani-American weightlifter who became the first female weightlifter representing Pakistan when she competed at the 2011 World Championships. The same year she made history when, in keeping with her religious views, she became the first woman to compete in hijab (head scarf), covered arms and legs after the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) modified its rules to accommodate her request to do so.
Leo Rolly Carnando
Leo Rolly Carnando (born 29 July 2001) is an Indonesian badminton player affiliated with Djarum club. He was a World Junior Champions in the mixed doubles in 2018 and in the boys' doubles in 2019, also won double gold at the 2019 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' and mixed doubles events. Carnando was part of Indonesia winning team at the 2020 Thomas Cup.

Indah Cahya Sari Jamil
Indah Cahya Sari Jamil (born 16 March 2002) is an Indonesian badminton player affiliated with PB Djarum since 2014. She was the mixed doubles champion at the 2018 World and 2019 Asian Junior Championships.
Hetland
Hetland is a former municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The municipality existed from 1838 until 1965 when it was dissolved.  The municipality included the Stavanger Peninsula and the land surrounding both sides of the Gandsfjorden, but not the area around the head of the fjord.  It originally encompassed the land surrounding the city of Stavanger in the present-day municipalities of Randaberg and Stavanger (except the city of Stavanger) and part of the municipality of Sandnes.  The main church for Hetland was Hetland Church (now named "Frue Church"). Upon its dissolution in 1965, the 92-square-kilometre (36 sq mi) municipality had 24,173 residents.

Stavanger Peninsula
Stavanger Peninsula (Norwegian: Stavangerhalvøya) is a peninsula in Rogaland County, Norway.  The peninsula is named for the city of Stavanger, located on its northeastern shore and it includes the most populous parts of the Greater Stavanger urban area. The peninsula extends from a line between the Sandnes harbour at the southern end of the Gandsfjorden straight west to the village of Ølbør in Sola municipality.  This line runs just south of Stavanger Airport. The peninsula is delimited by the Gandsfjorden, Boknafjorden, Byfjorden, and the North Sea.

Stavanger Peninsula includes Randaberg municipality, as well as parts of Stavanger, Sandnes, and Sola municipalities.

The name Stavanger Peninsula is occasionally used interchangeably with North Jæren (Norwegian: Nord-Jæren), but the former is a geographical region, while the latter is a political definition.
Knott Nunatak
Knott Nunatak (70°40′S 69°27′W﻿ / ﻿70.667°S 69.450°W﻿ / -70.667; -69.450) is a nunatak 1 nautical mile (2 km) northwest of the northern extremity of the LeMay Range, in the west-central portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and mapped from these photographs by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1960. The nunatak was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 for Christopher E. Knott, British Antarctic Survey general assistant at Stonington Island, 1974–75, and Adelaide Island, 1975–76, who participated in a plane table survey of this area.

LeMay Range
The LeMay Range (70°55′S 69°20′W﻿ / ﻿70.917°S 69.333°W﻿ / -70.917; -69.333) is a mountain range 40 nautical miles (70 km) long with peaks rising to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft), extending in a northwest–southeast direction from Snick Pass to the north side of Uranus Glacier in the central portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first seen from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935, and the north and east portions mapped from photos obtained on that flight by W.L.G. Joerg. Later, it was resighted from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, and named by Finn Ronne for General Curtis LeMay, Deputy Chief of Air Staff for Research and Development of the then United States Army Air Forces, which furnished equipment for the expedition. The range was remapped in detail from RARE photos by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960.
Mönchswalder Berg
Mönchswalder Berg (Upper Sorbian: Mnišonc) is a hill belonging to the district of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany. It is a part of the Lusatian Highlands and lays approximately 3 km North of Wilthen.

Panorama

The best panoramic view can be enjoyed from the top of the viewing tower. To the North, the land is flat and one sees the city of Bautzen, Bautzen Reservoir, the Boxberg Power-plant and by clear weather the smokestacks of the power-plant at Schwarze Pumpe. To the South, the Valtenberg, the Ungerberg with its unambiguous observation tower and a few peaks from the Saxon Switzerland such as the Big and Small Zschirnstein are visible. To the West, the big Picho with its antenna tower whilst to the East, the Czorneboh, Hochstein, Bieleboh, Lausche, Tannenberg and Jeschken. Peaks from the Jizera and Giant Mountains can be observed only under placid weather conditions.

51°07′N 14°25′E﻿ / ﻿51.117°N 14.417°E﻿ / 51.117; 14.417

Bautzen Reservoir
The Bautzen Reservoir, (German: 'Talsperre Bautzen') is a reservoir on the River Spree in Germany. It is situated just north of the city of Bautzen in the state of Saxony.

The dam was built from 1968 to 1975, and has been in operation since 1977.

The dam is used to provide domestic water supplies and to regulate water levels in order to conserve water and reduce flood risk. Importantly, it ensures a constant water supply to the Boxberg lignite-fuelled power station down stream on the River Spree and also provides for fishing and other water-based leisure activities.

Test damming of the river, 1974

The old course of the Spree, 1997

Reservoir with view of Quatitz

The dam holding back the reservoir

Beach in 2009

Memorial statue to the building of the dam
1934 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The first 1934 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final took place on 2 September 1934 at Croke Park, Dublin. It was the golden jubilee year of the Gaelic Athletic Association and the 47th All-Ireland final. It was contested by Limerick and Dublin. The match ended in a 2–7 to 3–4 draw. The replay took place at the same venue four weeks later on 30 September 1934. On that occasion the Leinster champions lost to their Munster opponents on a score line of 5–2 to 2–6.

Limerick GAA
The Limerick County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Luimneach) or Limerick GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Limerick. The county board is also responsible for the Limerick county teams.

The county hurling team has the fourth highest total of All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles, behind Kilkenny, Cork and Tipperary. The county football team was the first from the province of Munster both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final.

As of 2009, there were 108 clubs affiliated to Limerick GAA — the third highest, alongside Antrim.
Market Street Bridge (Ohio River)
The Market Street Bridge is a suspension bridge connecting Market Street in Steubenville, Ohio and West Virginia Route 2 in Follansbee, West Virginia over the Ohio River. As a project of the Steubenville Bridge Company, it was constructed in 1905 by the Ohio Steel Erection Company, the framework was created by the Penn Bridge Company, and the original steel was done by Jones and Laughlin Steel Company and Bethlehem Steel. The bridge spans a length of 1,794 feet (547 m) with a width of 20.7 feet (6.3 m). As of 2002, the average daily traffic was estimated at around 15,000 vehicles.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

Jones and Laughlin Steel Company
The Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation, also known as J&L Steel or simply as J&L, was an American steel and iron manufacturer that operated from 1852 until 1968. The enterprise began as the American Iron Company, founded in 1852 by Bernard Lauth and Benjamin Franklin Jones, about 2.5 mi (4.0 km) south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River.  Lauth's interest was bought in 1854 by James Laughlin.  The first firm to bear the name of Jones and Laughlin was organized in 1861, and headquartered at Third & Ross in downtown Pittsburgh.