hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Committee of National Liberation
Committee of National Liberation can refer to various World War II national resistance movements:

French Committee of National Liberation, London-based French government-in-exile established on 3 June 1943

Italian Committee of National Liberation, political umbrella organization established on 9 September 1943

Polish Committee of National Liberation, governing authority established on 22 July 1944 by the Soviet-backed Polish communists, in opposition to the London-based Polish government-in-exile

Yugoslav Committee of National Liberation, governing authority established on 29 November 1943 by the Yugoslav communists, in opposition to the London-based Yugoslav government-in-exile

Polish Committee of National Liberation
The Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polish: Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego, PKWN), also known as the Lublin Committee, was an executive governing authority established by the Soviet-backed communists in Poland at the later stage of World War II. It was officially proclaimed on 22 July 1944 in Chełm, installed on 26 July in Lublin and placed formally under the direction of the State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa, KRN). The PKWN was a provisional entity functioning in opposition to the London-based Polish government-in-exile, which was recognized by the Western allies.[a] The PKWN exercised control over Polish territory retaken from Nazi Germany by the Soviet Red Army and the Polish People's Army. It was sponsored and controlled by the Soviet Union and dominated by Polish communists.
Alessandro Ruspoli, 2nd Prince of Cerveteri
Alessandro, Principe Ruspoli (December 3, 1708 – June 20, 1779) was the 2nd Principe di Cerveteri, 2nd Marchese di Riano and 7th Conte di Vignanello. He was the son of Francesco Maria Marescotti Ruspoli, 1st Prince of Cerveteri and his wife Isabella Cesi dei Duchi di Acquasparta, maternal niece of Pope Innocent XIII. His brother was Bartolomeo Ruspoli.

Riano, Lazio
Riano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Latium. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Rome, in the Tiber River valley, not far from Veio.

Riano borders the following municipalities: Castelnuovo di Porto, Monterotondo, Rome, Sacrofano.
Ion wind
Ion wind, ionic wind, corona wind or electric wind is the airflow of charged particles induced by electrostatic forces linked to corona discharge arising at the tips of some sharp conductors (such as points or blades) subjected to high voltage relative to ground. Ion wind is an electrohydrodynamic phenomenon. Ion wind generators can also be considered electrohydrodynamic thrusters.

The term "ionic wind" is considered a misnomer due to misconceptions that only positive and negative ions were primarily involved in the phenomenon. A 2018 study found that electrons play a larger role than negative ions during the negative voltage period. As a result, the term "electric wind" has been suggested as a more accurate terminology.

This phenomenon is now used in an MIT ionic wind plane, the first solid-state plane, developed in 2018.

Misnomer
A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly or unsuitably applied. Misnomers often arise because something was named long before its correct nature was known, or because an earlier form of something has been replaced by a later form to which the name no longer suitably applies. A misnomer may also be a word that is used incorrectly or misleadingly. The word "misnomer" does not mean "misunderstanding" or "popular misconception", and a number of misnomers remain in common usage — which is to say that a word being a misnomer does not necessarily make usage of the word incorrect.
Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is a solar observatory owned and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. It is on the southern tip of the Palani Hills 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Kodaikanal.

The Evershed effect was first detected at this observatory in January 1909. Solar data collected by the lab is the oldest continuous series of its kind in India. Precise observations of the equatorial electrojet are made here due to the unique geography of Kodaikanal.

Ionospheric soundings, geomagnetic, F region vertical drift and surface observations are made here regularly. Summaries of the data obtained are sent to national (India Meteorological Department) and global (World Meteorological Organization, Global Atmosphere Watch) data centers.

They have a full-time staff of two scientists and three technicians.

Global Atmosphere Watch
The Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) is a worldwide system established by the World Meteorological Organization – a United Nations agency – to monitor trends in the Earth's atmosphere. It arose out of concerns for the state of the atmosphere in the 1960s.
Serruria heterophylla
Serruria heterophylla, the spindly spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs near Kleinmond and the Klein River Mountains. The shrub grows erect, grows 1.0 m tall and flowers from July to October.

The plant dies after a fire but the seeds survive. Two months after flowering, the fruit falls off and ants disperse the seeds. They store the seeds in their nests. The plant is unisexual. Pollination takes place through the action of insects . The plant grows in sandstone soil at heights of 90–310 m.

In Afrikaans it is known as speekbeinspinnekopbos.

Kleinmond
Kleinmond is a small coastal town in the Overberg region of the Western Cape province, South Africa. It is situated inside a UNESCO-declared biosphere about 90 km east of Cape Town between Betty's Bay and Hermanus. The town's name, meaning "small mouth" in Afrikaans, refers to its location at the mouth of the Bot River lagoon. Stone axe heads found in the area indicate that people already lived in the vicinity of nearby Hangklip  20,000 years ago. Information about the area has existed in writing since the seventeenth century.
2022 Indonesian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2022 Indonesian motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Pertamina Grand Prix of Indonesia) was the second round of the 2022 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It was held at the Pertamina Mandalika International Street Circuit in Mandalika on 20 March 2022.

On the Wednesday prior to race weekend, 20 MotoGP riders paraded on race machines through Jakarta city streets together with the Indonesian President Joko Widodo on a road machine.

In the Moto2 class, Somkiat Chantra won the race in mixed conditions after starting from fourth place on the grid. It was both Chantra's and a Thai rider's first victory in Grand Prix motorcycle racing.

Tony Arbolino
Tony Arbolino (born 3 August 2000) is an Italian motorcycle racer set to compete in the 2026 Moto2 World Championship for Fantic Racing Lino Sonego aboard a Kalex. He is a vice-champion in both Moto3 and Moto2, having achieved this feat in 2020 and 2023 respectively. Nicknamed Lo squalo di Garbagnate, he is known for his ability of running very fast on wet circuits.
Styr Nyxas
Styr Nyxas (or Styr Nykhas) (Ossetian: Стыр Ныхас) is a political ideology advocating for the reunification of the Ossetians within the Russian Federation. The Ossetians are an Iranic ethnic group indigenous to Ossetia, a region that spans the Caucasus Mountains. They are currently administratively divided into the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania (a federal subject of the Russian Federation) and the de facto independent republic of South Ossetia.

Ideology
An ideology is a set of beliefs or values attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely about belief in certain knowledge, in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". Formerly applied primarily to economic, political, or religious theories and policies, in a tradition going back to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, more recent use treats the term as mainly condemnatory.

The term was coined by Antoine Destutt de Tracy, a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher, who conceived it in 1796 as the "science of ideas" to develop a rational system of ideas to oppose the irrational impulses of the mob. In political science, the term is used in a descriptive sense to refer to political belief systems.
Tuberoschistura baenzigeri
Tuberoschistura baenzigeri is a species of freshwater fish, a stone loach, found in streams in Thailand and the Malay Peninsula.  It lives in the Ping River, Chao Phraya River, and Mae Klong River drainages. It lives in streams of moderate current over sand substrates. The specific name honours the Swiss entomologist Hans Bänziger for the assistance he gave Maurice Kottelat while collecting around Chiang Mai.

Mae Klong
The Mae Klong (Thai: แม่น้ำแม่กลอง, RTGS: Maenam Mae Klong, Thai pronunciation: [mɛ̂ːnáːm mɛ̂ː klɔ̄ːŋ]), sometimes spelled Meklong, is a river in western Thailand. The river begins in Kanchanaburi Province and flows across Ratchaburi Province and Samut Songkhram Province.
Waring Gardens
Waring Gardens, Bandstand and Pavilion is a heritage-listed park at Cressy Street, Deniliquin, Edward River Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by John Waring, the first Town Clerk of Deniliquin,  and built from 1880 to 1888 by staff of the Deniliquin Council. It is also known as Cressy St Gardens.

Edward River Council
The Edward River Council is a local government area in the Murray region of New South Wales, Australia. This area was formed in 2016 from the merger of the Deniliquin Council with the surrounding Conargo Shire.

The combined area covers the urban area of Deniliquin and the surrounding region to the north and west across the pastoral southern Riverina plains.

The inaugural mayor of the Edward River Council is Norm Brennan, elected by the councillors on 20 September 2017.
1996 Honduran Cup
The 1996 Honduran Cup was the 7th edition of the Cup tournament in the Honduran football. C.D. Platense won its first title after finishing in first position at the end of nine rounds in the 1996–97 regular season of the Honduran league.

Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras, known as Liga Hondubet for sponsorship reasons (Honduran National Professional Football League) is the highest division of domestic football in Honduras. The league season is divided into Opening (autumn) and Closing (spring). One team is relegated to the Liga de Ascenso (the team with fewest points in Opening and Closing) and one team is promoted from Liga de Ascenso. The top four clubs participate in play-offs to decide the champion.
The Great Debasement
The Great Debasement (1544–1551) was a currency debasement policy introduced in 1544 England under the order of Henry VIII which saw the amount of precious metal in gold and silver coins reduced and in some cases replaced entirely with cheaper base metals such as copper. Overspending by Henry VIII to pay for his lavish lifestyle and to fund foreign wars with France and Scotland are cited as reasons for the policy's introduction. The main aim of the policy was to increase revenue for the Crown at the cost of taxpayers through savings in currency production with less bullion being required to mint new coins. During debasement gold standards dropped from the previous standard of 23 karat  to as low as 20 karat while silver was reduced from 92.5% sterling silver to just 25%. Revoked in 1551 by Edward VI, the policy's economic effects continued for many years until 1560 when all debased currency was removed from circulation.

Sterling silver
Sterling silver is an alloy composed by weight of 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals, usually copper. The sterling silver standard has a minimum millesimal fineness of 925.

Fine silver, which is 99.9% pure silver, is relatively soft, so silver is usually alloyed with copper to increase its hardness and strength. Sterling silver is prone to tarnishing, and elements other than copper can be used in alloys to reduce tarnishing, as well as casting porosity and firescale. Such elements include germanium, zinc, platinum, silicon, and boron. Recent examples of these alloys include argentium, sterlium and silvadium.
2019–20 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball season
The 2019–20 CAA men's basketball season will mark the 35th season of Colonial Athletic Association basketball, taking place between November 2019 and March 2020.  Practices will commence in October 2019, and the season will end with the 2020 CAA men's basketball tournament.

2020 CAA men's basketball tournament
The 2020 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Colonial Athletic Association for  the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The tournament was held March 7–10, 2020 at the Entertainment and Sports Arena in Washington, D.C.
The Silver Guardian
The Silver Guardian (simplified Chinese: 银之守墓人; traditional Chinese: 銀之守墓人; pinyin: Yín Zhī Shǒu Mù Rén) is a Chinese web manhua created by Zero League and illustrated by Moon Cake. It was published by Tencent through their Tencent AC Web Comic service, compiling the series into 237 chapters. An anime television series adaptation produced by Haoliners Animation League's Japanese branch Emon and directed by Masahiko Ōkura premiered on Tokyo MX on 1 April 2017. The series is licensed by Funimation. A second season produced by Haoliners themselves and animated by Blade premiered in January 2018.

Tokyo MX
JOMX-DTV (channel 9), branded as Tokyo MX (officially stylized as TOKYO MX), is an independent television station in Tokyo, Japan, owned by the Tokyo Metropolitan Television Broadcasting Corporation. It is the only television station that exclusively serves the city and parts of nearby prefectures. It competes with Nippon Television, TV Asahi, NHK General TV, NHK Educational TV, TBS TV, TV Tokyo, and Fuji TV, all of which are flagship stations of national networks. Tokyo MX was founded on April 30, 1993, and broadcasts commenced on November 1, 1995. Shareholders include the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Tokyo FM Broadcasting, and others. (MXTV is an associate company of Tokyo FM.)

Every week, Tokyo MX airs the press conferences of the Governor of Tokyo. It is a member of the Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations (JAITS).
Kaniet Islands
The Kaniet Islands are the easternmost group islands within the Western Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. It consists four islands and one islet. Their coordinates are 0°54′S 145°32′E﻿ / ﻿0.900°S 145.533°E﻿ / -0.900; 145.533, located north-east of the Hermit Islands. Sae Island is a nearby island often subsumed under the Kaniet(-Sae) Islands, albeit the two are distinct. Another name for the Kaniet(-Sae) Islands is "Anchorite Islands".

The first sighting by Europeans of Kaniet islands was by the Spanish navigator Iñigo Órtiz de Retes on 19 August 1545 when on board of the carrack San Juan tried to return from Tidore to New Spain. He charted them as Hombres Blancos (White Men in Spanish) because of the color of the skin of its inhabitants that contrasted with that of the population of New Guinea. In 1780 and 1800 they received visits of new Spanish expeditions commanded respectively by Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa and Juan Antonio de Ibargoitia.

Islet
An islet (/ˈaɪlət/ EYE-lət) is generally a small island. Definitions vary and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation unable to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/or hard coral; may be permanent or tidal (i.e. surfaced reef or seamount); and may exist in the sea, lakes, rivers or any other sizeable bodies of water.
Pastel (programming language)
Pastel is an extended version of the Pascal programming language, created in 1982 for Amber, an operating system for the S-1 supercomputer project at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.  The Pastel compiler was the inspiration for Richard Stallman's GNU C compiler.

Pastel was conceived by Jeffrey M. Broughton, then Project Engineer in charge of compilers and operating system software for the S-1 project, because of dissatisfaction with the PL/1 language in which Amber was being implemented. The language was named Pastel ("an off-color Pascal").

Compared with Pascal compilers of that period, Pastel's features included:

Improved type definition

Parametric types

Explicit packing and allocation control

Additional parameter passing modes

Additional control constructs

Set iteration

Loop-exit form

Return statement

Module definition

Exception handling

General enhancements

Conditional Boolean operations

Constant expressions

Variable initialization

Exception handling
In computing and computer programming, exception handling is the process of responding to the occurrence of exceptions – anomalous or exceptional conditions requiring special processing – during the execution of a program. In general, an exception breaks the normal flow of execution and executes a pre-registered exception handler; the details of how this is done depend on whether it is a hardware or software exception and how the software exception is implemented.

Exceptions are defined by different layers of a computer system, and the typical layers are CPU-defined interrupts, operating system (OS)-defined signals, programming language-defined exceptions. Each layer requires different ways of exception handling although they may be interrelated, e.g. a CPU interrupt could be turned into an OS signal. Some exceptions, especially hardware ones, may be handled so gracefully that execution can resume where it was interrupted.
George Monks
George Monks is the name of:

George Monks (cricketer) (born 1929), English cricketer

George Howard Monks (1853–1933), American surgeon

George W. Monks, who served in the Indiana General Assembly in 1855

Indiana General Assembly
The Indiana General Assembly is the state legislature, or legislative branch, of the U.S. state of Indiana. It is a bicameral legislature that consists of a lower house, the Indiana House of Representatives, and an upper house, the Indiana Senate. The General Assembly meets annually at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.

Members of the General Assembly are elected from districts that are realigned every ten years. Representatives serve terms of two years and senators serve terms of four years. Both houses can create bills, but bills must pass both houses before they can be submitted to the governor and enacted into law.

As of 2024, the Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the General Assembly. Republicans outnumber Democrats in the Senate by a 40–10 margin, and in the House of Representatives by a 70–30 margin.
Canad Inns Women's Classic
The Canad Inns Women's Classic is an event on the women's World Curling Tour. It is held at the Portage Curling Club in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba.

The event was formerly the second Grand Slam event of the season on the women's World Curling Tour. It was formerly held in October at the Fort Rouge Curling Club in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It became a Grand Slam event in 2006, but was removed from the Grand Slam after the 2013–14 curling season. Since 2009, the total prize money to be given out has been $60,000. The event was also known as the "Casinos of Winnipeg Women's Curling Classic" before 2009 and the "Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic" from 2009 to 2012.

Fort Rouge Curling Club
The Fort Rouge Curling Club is a curling club located in the Fort Rouge district of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Known as “The Home of Friendly Curling,” the club has hosted many successful teams on both the provincial and national level.
Earplug
An earplug is a device that is inserted in the ear canal to protect the user's ears from loud noises, intrusion of water, foreign bodies, dust or excessive wind. Earplugs may be used as well to improve sleep quality or focus in noisy environments. Since they reduce the sound volume, earplugs may prevent hearing loss and tinnitus (ringing of the ears), in some cases.

US Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires hearing conservation programs which include the provision of hearing protection devices (HPDs). But this does not mean that OSHA considers HPDs to be effective.

Dust
Dust is made of fine particles of solid matter. On Earth, it generally consists of particles in the atmosphere that come from various sources such as soil lifted by wind (an aeolian process), volcanic eruptions, and pollution.

Dust in homes is composed of about 20–50% dead skin cells. The rest, and in offices and other built environments, is composed of small amounts of plant pollen, human hairs, animal fur, textile fibers, paper fibers, minerals from outdoor soil, burnt meteorite particles, and many other materials which may be found in the local environment.
George and Beth Anderson House
The George and Beth Anderson House is a Frank Lloyd Wright-esque style house in Fargo, North Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

It was designed by Ingraham & Ingraham, Architects, of Colorado Springs, Colorado, a firm headed by Elizabeth Wright Ingraham, Wright's granddaughter, and her husband Gordon Ingraham. Built in 1958, it has only clerestory windows on some sides of the house, and larger windows facing northeast towards the Red River.

The house was built in floodplain of the Red River and was damaged in multiple floods, including in 1997 and 2009. It was targeted for potential demolition in a flood control project. The owners had been offered a buyout price which they declined. In early 2017, the owners were seeking recognition of the house's historic and architectural merit by seeking National Register of Historic Places recognition.

Fargo, North Dakota
Fargo is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The population was 125,990 at the 2020 census and estimated at 136,285 in 2024. Fargo and its twin city of Moorhead, Minnesota, form the core of the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area, which had a population of 248,591 in 2020. It is the county seat of Cass County.

Fargo was founded in 1871 on the Red River of the North floodplain. It is a cultural, retail, health care, educational, and industrial center for southeastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. North Dakota State University is in the city.
Jeptha Knob
Jeptha Knob is the highest point in the Bluegrass region of Kentucky. It is located on private property in Shelby County, Kentucky, about eight miles east of Shelbyville near the hamlet of Clay Village and rises some 300 ft (90 m) higher than the surrounding rolling farmland.

Bluegrass region
38°00′N 84°30′W﻿ / ﻿38.0°N 84.5°W﻿ / 38.0; -84.5

The Bluegrass region is a geographic region in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It makes up the central and northern part of the state,  roughly bounded by the cities of Frankfort, Paris, Richmond and Stanford. It is part of the Interior Low Plateaus ecoregion.

"Bluegrass" is a common name given in the United States for grass of the Poa genus, the most famous being the Kentucky bluegrass. Despite its name, Kentucky bluegrass is native to North Africa and was likely introduced around 1600.