hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Megaspore
Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spore that is present in heterosporous plants. These plants have two spore types, megaspores and microspores. Generally speaking, the megaspore, or large spore, germinates into a female gametophyte, which produces egg cells. These are fertilized by sperm produced by the male gametophyte developing from the microspore. Heterosporous plants include seed plants (gymnosperms and flowering plants), water ferns (Salviniales), spikemosses (Selaginellaceae) and quillworts (Isoetaceae).

Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (pl.: ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one). The term is used when the female gamete is not capable of movement (non-motile). If the male gamete (sperm) is capable of movement, the type of sexual reproduction is also classified as oogamous. A nonmotile female gamete formed in the oogonium of some algae, fungi, oomycetes, or bryophytes is an oosphere. When fertilized, the oosphere becomes the oospore.

When egg and sperm fuse together during fertilisation, a diploid cell (the zygote) is formed, which rapidly grows into a new organism.
Christina Nilsson (shipwreck)
Christina Nilsson was a schooner that sank in Lake Michigan off Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, on October 23, 1884. In 2003, a shipwreck site purporting to be that of this ship was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The wreck was subsequently identified as that of the Joseph Cochrane.

Wisconsin Historical Society
The Wisconsin Historical Society (officially the State Historical Society of Wisconsin) is simultaneously a state agency and a private membership organization whose purpose is to maintain, promote and spread knowledge relating to the history of North America, with an emphasis on the state of Wisconsin and the trans-Allegheny West. Founded in 1846 and chartered in 1853, it is the oldest historical society in the United States to receive continuous public funding. The society's headquarters are located in Madison, Wisconsin, on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Nur Shazrin Mohd Latif
Nur Shazrin binti Mohamad Latif (born 2 February 1998) is a Malaysian competitive sailor. She won a gold medal at the 2022 Asian Games for the Women's ILCA 6, the first gold medal for the nation in the games. She won two gold medals at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the women's Laser Radial. She won a bronze medal in Laser Radial at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo 2021, in Laser Radial. She is the flag bearer of Malaysia at the 2024 Summer Olympics opening ceremony alongside diver Bertrand Rhodict Lises.

Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Laser Radial
The women's Laser Radial was a sailing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics that took place from 25 July to 1 August at Kamakura. 11 races (the last one a medal race) were scheduled.

Medals were presented by IOC Member for Cuba Mrs Maria de la Caridad Colon Ruenes and World Sailing Chief Executive Officer David Graham.
Chithralaya
Chithralaya (/tʃiθrɑːləjɑː/) also spelt Chitralaya, is an Indian film production company founded in the early 1960s. It produced films in Tamil and Hindi, most of them directed by C. V. Sridhar. The company was founded by Sridhar, screenwriter Gopu (who later became known as Chithralaya Gopu), cinematographer A. Vincent and still photographer Tiruchi Arunachalam.

A. Vincent
Aloysius Vincent (14 June 1928 – 25 February 2015) was an Indian cinematographer and director known for his works in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Hindi language films. From the mid-1960s on, he directed some 30 movies including the landmark Malayalam films Bhargavi Nilayam, and Murappennu.

He received the Filmfare Best Cinematographer Award for Prem Nagar (1974) starring Rajesh Khanna. In 2003, the Indian Society of Cinematographers (ISC) awarded him an Honorary Membership, along with K. K. Mahajan and V. K. Murthy. He received the J. C. Daniel Award in 1996.
Exeter Book Riddle 45
Exeter Book Riddle 45 (according to the numbering of the Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records) is one of the Old English riddles found in the later tenth-century Exeter Book. Its solution is accepted to be 'dough'. However, the description evokes a penis becoming erect; as such, Riddle 45 is noted as one of a small group of Old English riddles that engage in sexual double entendre, and thus provides rare evidence for Anglo-Saxon attitudes to sexuality, and specifically for women taking the initiative in heterosexual sex.

Double entendre
A double entendre (plural double entendres) is a figure of speech or a particular way of wording that is devised to have a double meaning, one of which is typically obvious, and the other often conveys a message that would be too socially unacceptable, or offensive to state directly.

A double entendre may exploit puns or word play to convey the second meaning. Double entendres generally rely on multiple meanings of words, or different interpretations of the same primary meaning. They often exploit ambiguity and may be used to introduce it deliberately in a text.  Sometimes a homophone can be used as a pun.  When three or more meanings have been constructed, this is known as a "triple entendre", etc.
Universal Arts Center
Universal Arts Center (Korean: 유니버설아트센터), is a performing arts venue in Seoul, South Korea, established in 1981. It was formerly known as Little Angels Arts Center. Universal Ballet performs their ballets there.

Performing arts center
Performing arts center/centre (see spelling differences), often abbreviated as PAC, is usually a complex housing performance spaces for various performing arts, including dance, music, and theatre. In some cases it refers to a single multi-use space, or alternatively, to a performing arts college.
Pomper
Pomper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Pomper, American lawyer, political strategist, and lobbyist

Gerald M. Pomper (born 1935), American political scientist

Margriet Pomper (born 1954), Dutch long track speed skater

Sean Pomper, American inventor

Tibor Pomper (born 1977), Hungarian footballer

Gerald M. Pomper
Gerald M. Pomper (born 1935) is an American political scientist and specialist in American elections and politics. Pomper is the Board of Governors Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the Eagleton Institute of Politics of Rutgers University.
Danny Jones (rugby league)
Danny Jones (6 March 1986 – 3 May 2015) was a Wales international rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at club level for Halifax (two spells), and the Keighley Cougars (two spells), as a stand-off or scrum-half.

Halifax Panthers
The Halifax Panthers are a professional rugby league club in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. They play home games at The Shay and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Halifax Panthers won the League Championship four times and the Challenge Cup five times.

The club's parent company, Halifax Rugby League Football Club Limited, was placed into liquidation in February 2026 and the club's membership of the Rugby Football League terminated two days later.

They had rivalries with neighbours Bradford and Huddersfield of Super League, fellow Championship side Featherstone Rovers, and Pennines rivals Oldham and  Rochdale. The club's traditional home colours were blue and white hoops, white shorts, and blue and white socks.
Blanche of Ponthieu
Blanche of Ponthieu (1322 – 12 May 1387), was suo jure Countess of Aumale, and by marriage, Countess of Harcourt.

She was born in 1322 to John II, Count of Aumale (died 1340) and Catherine of Artois, daughter of Philip of Artois and Blanche of Brittany.

Blanche married John V, Count of Harcourt (1320 – 1355) between 1330 and 1340 and had 7 children:

John VI, Count of Harcourt (1342 – 1389), Count of Aumale and Harcourt

Louis (died 1388), Viscount of Châtellerault

William (died 1400), Lord of La Ferté-Imbault

Philip (1345 – c. 1414), Baron of Bonnetable

James (1350-1405), Lord of Montgommery

Joan, married to Raoul de Coucy

Alix, married to Aubert de Hangest

Blanche of Brittany
Blanche of Brittany (1271–1327) was a daughter of John II, Duke of Brittany, and his wife Beatrice of England. She is also known as Blanche de Dreux. Through her mother she was the granddaughter of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence.
Gardini
Gardini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Gardini (born 1965), Italian volleyball player

Carlos Gardini (1948–2017), Argentine translator and science fiction and fantasy writer

Davide Gardini (born 1999), Italian volleyball player

Elisabetta Gardini (born 1956), Italian actress and politician

Fausto Gardini (1930–2008), Italian tennis player

Laura Gardini (born 1952), Italian mathematician

Maria Pia Gardini (1936–2012), Italian entrepreneur and former Scientologist

Raul Gardini (1933–1993), Italian businessman

Renato Gardini (1889–1940), Italian wrestler

Maria Pia Gardini
Maria Pia Gardini (born 14 October 1936, Rovereto – 23 September 2012, Grosseto) was an Italian entrepreneur and a former Scientologist.

When retired, she lived in Tuscany and was one of the most critical voices of the Church of Scientology. She was the cousin of Raul Gardini and worked in film and cinema advertising until 1985. That year, following her daughter and also to help in the process of detoxification from drugs, she entered into Scientology. She remained in that organization until 1994 after reaching the highest levels of technical Scientology (reaching the highest level available today: OT VIII) and becoming one of the most brilliant and appreciated "auditors" of the movement, resulting in the 1989 and 1990 Recognition of Scientology as the best "auditor" of the year. She has taken a strong critical attitude towards Scientology after she left it. From 1994 to 2002, she lived in Tunisia and worked as an entrepreneur.
Spirularia
Spirularia is a suborder of marine cnidarians, tube-dwelling anemones, in the class Ceriantharia. It is one of the two suborders making up Ceriantharia, and includes two families, Botrucnidiferidae and Cerianthidae, and around 99 species. The two suborders differ in the makeup of their cnidome (the types of cnidocyte present), the relative sizes of the oral discs and the shape and structure of the mesenteries.

These anemones dwell in parchment-like tubes immersed in soft sediment, and have two whorls of tentacles, the outer tentacles being much longer than the inner ones.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
FITA round open medalists
FITA round opens are defunct Paralympic archery events that were featured between 1960 and 1988. The classes changed between 1976 and 1980 as the number of countries competing increased, the FITA rounds were abolished in 1992 as the classes changed again.

1988 Summer Paralympics
The 1988 Summer Paralympics (Korean: 1988년 하계 패럴림픽; RR: Cheon gubaek palsip-pal nyeon hagye paereollimpik) were the first Paralympics in 24 years to take place in the same city as the Olympic Games. They took place in Seoul, South Korea. This was the first time the term "Paralympic" was used officially.
Get Ready (Pitbull song)
"Get Ready" is a song recorded by American recording artist Pitbull for his eleventh studio album Libertad 548 (2019). The song features guest vocals from American country singer Blake Shelton, and the single version features additional guitar elements from Aerosmith band member Joe Perry. It was written by Pitbull, Shelton, José Carlos Garcia, Xenia Ghali, Jorge Gomez, Huddie Ledbetter, Jimmy Thörnfeldt, and Fernando Zulueta. It was released to American radio stations for airplay on February 7, 2020 as the album's fourth single.

"Get Ready" interpolates the 1977 song "Black Betty" by Ram Jam, and shares the instrumental to "Black Betty's Worldwide" by Xenia Ghali featuring Heymous Molly. Commercially, the song peaked on Billboard's Digital Songs charts in the United States and Canada, at positions 35 and 16, respectively. It also entered the Rap Digital Songs Sales chart at number 11.

Digital Song Sales
The Digital Song Sales (previously named Digital Songs and Hot Digital Songs) ranks the most downloaded songs in the United States, as compiled by Luminate and published by Billboard magazine. Although it originally started tracking song sales the week of October 30, 2004, it officially debuted in the issue dated January 22, 2005, and merged all versions of a song sold from digital music distributors. Its data was incorporated in the Hot 100 three weeks later. Since October 2004, digital sales have been incorporated into many of Billboard's music singles charts. The decision was based on the dramatic increase of the digital market while commercial single sales in a physical format were becoming negligible.

The first number one song on the Digital Song Sales chart was "Just Lose It" by Eminem. The chart's current number one as of the issue dated July 26, 2025 is 
"Ordinary" by Alex Warren.
Niteworks
Niteworks (also known by the Scottish Gaelic Obair Oidhche) was an Electronic Celtic fusion band from the Isle of Skye. The band are known for writing new songs in Gaelic and melding the bagpipes and Gaelic song forms such as puirt à beul with techno and house beats.

Puirt à beul
Puirt à beul (pronounced [pʰurˠʃtʲ a ˈpial̪ˠ], literally "tunes from a mouth") is a traditional form of song native to Scotland (known as portaireacht in Ireland) that sets Gaelic lyrics to instrumental tune melodies. Historically, they were used to accompany dancing in the absence of instruments and to transmit instrumental tunes orally.
Amalia Jamilis
Amalia Jamilis (La Plata, Buenos Aires, 30 August 1936  - 30 October 1999) was an Argentine writer noted for her poetic and experimental style characteristic of 1970's narrative. Although born in La Plata, she lived and developed much of her work in Bahía Blanca.

La Plata
La Plata (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈplata]) is the capital city of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. According to the 2022 census, the Partido has a population of 772,618 and its metropolitan area, the Greater La Plata, has 938,287 inhabitants. It is located 9 kilometers (6 miles) inland from the southern shore of the Río de la Plata estuary.

La Plata was planned and developed to serve as the provincial capital after the city of Buenos Aires was federalized in 1880. It was officially founded by Governor Dardo Rocha on 19 November 1882. Its construction is fully documented in photographs by Tomás Bradley Sutton. La Plata was briefly known as Ciudad Eva Perón (Eva Perón City) between 1952 and 1955.
Luang Phor Khong Chattamalo
Luang Pho Khong Jattamalo (หลวงพ่อคง จตฺตมโล; 10 March 1913 – 13 December 1993), born Khong Bunyake, also known as the "Arahant with the Golden Body" (พระอรหันต์ร่างทอง), was a prominent Thai Theravada Buddhist monk renowned for his vipassana meditation teachings. He is credited with developing the "Dhamma Opens the World" (Thammā Pĕd Loke or ธรรมะเปิดโลก) meditation method and reviving Wat Khao Samphot in Lopburi Province, which became a major center for meditation practice.

His preserved, undecayed body, enshrined in a glass coffin at the temple, is a focal point of veneration.

Lopburi province
Lopburi (Thai: ลพบุรี, RTGS: Lop Buri, pronounced [lóp bū.rīː]) is a province in the central region of Thailand. The province is divided into 11 administrative districts, and Mueang Lopburi district is the capital. With over 720,000 people, the province is Thailand's 31st largest area and 35th most populous. There are eight neighboring provinces, Phetchabun, Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Saraburi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Ang Thong, Sing Buri, and Nakhon Sawan.

Lopburi is a significant province historically, where many historical structures, artifacts, and prehistoric settlements have been discovered. In the past, Lopburi was called by the name Lavo.The kingdom had been ruled by an absolute monarch.
A.S. Tefana
Association Sportive Tefana Football, is a football club from Faʻaʻā, Tahiti, French Polynesia. The club plays their home matches at Stade Louis Ganivet. The club became the second French Polynesian team to have reached the final of the OFC Champions League, which they achieved in 2012.

Faʼaʼā
Faʼaʼā is a commune in the suburbs of Papeʼete in French Polynesia, an overseas country of France in the Pacific Ocean. Faʼaʼā is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2022 census Faʼaʼā had a population of 29,826, making it the most populous commune on Tahiti and in French Polynesia. Faʼaʼā has many mountains inland that can reach 1,500 m (5,000 ft). Mount Marau is an extinct volcano in the inland limits and can be seen from nearby Moʼorea. The area of Faʼaʼā is 9 m (30 ft) above mean sea level on average.

Faʼaʼā has a long history. Captain James Cook landed on Faʼaʼā when he came to Tahiti in 1769 on his first expedition to the Pacific. The commune is the political stronghold of independence leader Oscar Temaru who has served three times as president.
K2-33
K2-33 is an extremely young pre-main-sequence star located about 453 light-years (139 pc) away from the Earth in the constellation of Scorpius. It is known to host one planet, a super-Neptune, named K2-33b. It is also notable for its young age.

Super-Neptune
A super-Neptune is a planet that is more massive than the planet Neptune. These planets are generally described as being around 5–7 times as large as Earth with estimated masses of 20–80 M🜨; beyond this they are generally referred to as gas giants. A planet falling within this mass range may also be referred to as a sub-Saturn.

There have been relatively few discoveries of planets of this kind. The mass gap between Neptune-like and Jupiter-like planets is thought to exist because of "runaway accretion" occurring for protoplanets of more than 20 M🜨—once this mass threshold is crossed, they accumulate much additional mass (due to gravity increasing with mass and the presence of material in an accretion disk) and grow into planets the size of Jupiter or even larger.

Known examples include Kepler-101b, HAT-P-11b, and K2-33b.
Coffin Top
Coffin Top (54°30′S 36°6′W﻿ / ﻿54.500°S 36.100°W﻿ / -54.500; -36.100) is a mountain with a flattened summit, 745 metres (2,440 ft) high, located 1.4 nautical miles (2.6 km) east-northeast of Mount Fagan and 1.6 nautical miles (3 km) northwest of Moltke Harbour, South Georgia. The feature was named "Sarg-Berg" (coffin mountain) by the German group of the International Polar Year Expedition, 1882–83. An English form of the name, Coffin Top, was recommended by UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1954.

Royal Bay
Royal Bay is a bay, 6 km (3.7 mi) wide and indenting 8 km (5.0 mi), entered between Cape Charlotte and Cape Harcourt along the north coast of South Georgia.

Like other parts of the archipelago, many birds breed here, including king penguins, gentoo penguins, and blue-eyed cormorants.
Appendix of the epididymis
The appendix of the epididymis (or pedunculated hydatid) is a small stalked appendage (sometimes duplicated) on the head of the epididymis. It is usually regarded as a detached efferent duct.

This structure is derived from the Wolffian duct (mesonephric duct) as opposed to the appendix testis which is derived from the Müllerian duct (paramesonephric duct) remnant.

Mesonephric duct
The mesonephric duct, also known as the Wolffian duct, archinephric duct, Leydig's duct or nephric duct, is a paired organ that develops in the early stages of embryonic development in humans and other mammals. It is an important structure that plays a critical role in the formation of male reproductive organs. The duct is named after Caspar Friedrich Wolff, a German physiologist and embryologist who first described it in 1759.

During embryonic development, the mesonephric ducts form as a part of the urogenital system.
Fieschi Letter
The Fieschi Letter was written to the English king Edward III in circa 1337 by a Genoese priest at Avignon, Manuele Fieschi (d. 1349). He was a papal notary and a member of the influential Fieschi family, who later became bishop of Vercelli. The letter is best known for its claim that Edward II was not murdered in 1327 but escaped and spent the remainder of his life in exile in Europe. It has been a source of controversy ever since a copy was discovered in 1878 in Montpellier.

Archdiocese of Vercelli
The Archdiocese of Vercelli (Latin: Archidioecesis Vercellensis) is a Latin Metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy, one of the two archdioceses which, together with their suffragan dioceses, form the ecclesiastical region of Piedmont.

The archbishop's seat is in Basilica Cattedrale di S. Eusebio, a minor basilica dedicated to its canonized first bishop, in Vercelli, Piemonte (Piedmont). The city also has two Minor basilicas:  Basilica di S. Andrea and  Basilica di S. Maria Maggiore
Herambasuta
Herambasuta (Devanagari:हेरम्बसुत, IAST:Heraṃbasuta) was an Indian Tantric yogi who belonged to the vamachara Ganapatya sect. The tenth century work Śaṅkaravijaya attributed to certain Ānandagiri mentions the cult of Ucchiṣṭa Gaṇapati led by Herambasuta. The name of the group derives from Ucchiṣṭa (leftovers) in reference to the foods left over at the end of the ritual to the deity. In Tantric context, food is deliberately left in the mouth in order to render them ritually impure. According to the scripture mentioned above, Herambasuta held many unorthodox views, and the worship included Pañca Makāra.

The form of worship Herambasuta expounded was : there was no caste restriction, promiscuity was allowed and the followers wore a red mark on the forehead. According to R. G. Bhandarkar it was an imitation of Kaula form of worship.

R. G. Bhandarkar
Sir Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar KCIE MLC (Konkani: [raːmkɾuʂɳ ɡopaːɭ bʱaːɳɖaːɾkɑɾ], Marathi: [raːməkɾuʂɳə ɡoːpaːɭ bʱaːɳɖaːɾkəɾ] (6 July 1837 – 24 August 1925) was an Indian scholar, orientalist, and social reformer.
The War Within (Wells book)
The War Within: America's Battle over Vietnam is a non-fiction book by Tom Wells that was published by University of California Press on April 13, 1994. This book discusses the influence of the anti-war movement had over American policy decisions affecting the Vietnam War, proposing that the movement had a significant impact on restricting, minimizing, or ending the war."

The book describes the domestic struggle over the war. Although neither definitive nor comprehensive, it does present the views of both sides on the events of the period after 1965.

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.