hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aughinish, County Limerick
Aughinish is a former island (now peninsula) in the Shannon estuary, in County Limerick, Ireland, near Foynes.

Rusal Aughinish, Europe's largest bauxite refinery, is located on the island, and was completed on 9 October 1971. The site includes a deep-water jetty in the Shannon through which the refinery imports bauxite from Guinea and Brazil and exports alumina to be refined into aluminium metal. Adjacent to the refinery is a 450-acre disposal area for bauxite residue, also called "red mud".

Although most of the island is occupied by industry, it is also the site of Ireland's first butterfly sanctuary, located in an abandoned quarry.

Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide (or aluminium(III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, ALOX or alundum in various forms and applications. Alumina is refined from bauxite. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire, which have an alumina content approaching 100%. Al2O3 is used as feedstock to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.
Laboratory scissor jack
Laboratory scissor jacks are lifting stages for beakers, flasks, water baths, stirrer, or other lab tools used to elevate equipment height to the user's needs, usually around 5 to 20 cm. It consists of metal pieces connected together in a scissor-like shape between a top and a bottom platform. The metal pieces acting as an adjustable lift using the scissors mechanism (or pantograph) in changing its height and also can withstand a wide range of weight.

Beaker (laboratory equipment)
In laboratory equipment, a beaker is generally a cylindrical container with a flat bottom. Most also have a small spout (or "beak") to aid pouring, as shown in the picture. Beakers are available in a wide range of sizes, from one milliliter up to several liters. A beaker is distinguished from a flask by having straight rather than sloping sides. The exception to this definition is a slightly conical-sided beaker called a Philips beaker.  The beaker shape in general drinkware is similar.

Beakers are commonly made of glass (today usually borosilicate glass), but can also be in metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum) or certain plastics (notably polythene, polypropylene, PTFE). A common use for polypropylene beakers is gamma spectral analysis of liquid and solid samples.
Dual containment
Dual containment was an official US foreign policy aimed at containing Ba'athist Iraq and Revolutionary Iran. The term was first officially used in May 1993 by Martin Indyk at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and officially announced on February 24, 1994 at a symposium of the Middle East Policy Council by Indyk, who was the senior director for Middle East Affairs of the National Security Council (NSC).

Clinton's policy of dual containment aimed at restraining both Iran and Iraq from taking actions seen as harmful to the interests of the international community, especially those of the United States. This marked a shift from earlier strategies that sought to balance power between the two countries by countering whichever posed the greater threat at a given time.

The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP), also known simply as The Washington Institute (TWI), is a pro-Israel American think tank based in Washington, D.C., focused on the foreign policy of the United States in the Near East.

WINEP was established in 1985 with the support of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) and the funding of many AIPAC donors, in order to provide higher quality research than AIPAC's own publications. John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt described WINEP as "part of the core" of the Israel lobby in the United States.
2015 ATP Challenger 2001 Team Padova
The 2015 ATP Challenger 2001 Team Padova was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Padova, Italy between 29 June and 5 July 2013.

ATP Challenger 2001 Team Padova
The ATP Challenger 2001 Team Padova formerly Challenger Team Città di Padova was a tennis tournament held in Padova, Italy between 2014 and 2015. In 2018, the event was reinstated replacing the International Tennis Tournament of Cortina. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts.
Suyama Kofun
Suyama Kofun (巣山古墳) is a burial mound from the Kofun period, located on the border of the Miyoshi neighborhood of the town of  Kōryō,  Nara Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. It is designated as a national Special Historic Site. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1927, with its status elevated to that of a Special National Historic Site in 1952. It the central tumulus of the burial mounds that make up the Umami Kofun cluster and is estimated to have been built between the end of the 4th century and the beginning of the 5th century.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Small Time Laboring Man
"Small Time Laboring Man" (sometimes called "Small Town Laboring Man") is a song by George Jones.  It was composed by Jones and Earl "Peanut" Montgomery and released as a single on the Musicor label in 1968.

Musicor Records
Musicor Records was a New York City-based record label, active from 1960 to 1976 . The label was founded by songwriter Aaron Schroeder and distributed by United Artists Records. In 1965, UA employee and A&R man Arthur Talmadge (a co-founder of Mercury Records years earlier) started his own Talmadge Productions company and, along with fellow UA employee/A&R man Harold "Pappy" Daily, bought the Musicor label from UA.

In 1976, Art Talmadge sold Musicor to Springboard International Records. When Springboard went bankrupt, Gusto Records acquired the Musicor catalog in 1984, along with the Scepter and Wand catalogs. The Musicor catalog remains owned by Gusto Records today.
Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Musical
The Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Musical was an award presented annually at the Lucille Lortel Awards to honor an actress for excellence in a leading role in an Off-Broadway musical production. The categories for lead performance were split into Outstanding Lead Actress in a Play and Outstanding Lead Actress in a Musical in 2014, before being retired in favor of gender-neutral categories in 2021.

Before the categories were split, several musical performers won or received nominations for the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actor:

Tonya Pinkins - 2004 winner for Caroline, Or Change

Elaine Stritch - 2002 nominee for Elaine Stritch: At Liberty

Jayne Houdyshell - - 2010 nominee for Coraline

Sherie Rene Scott - 2010 nominee for Everyday Rapture

Molly Ranson - 2012 nominee for Carrie

Mary Testa - 2012 nominee for Queen of the Mist

Queen of the Mist
Queen of the Mist is a musical with music, lyrics and book by Michael John LaChiusa. Queen tells the story of Annie Edson Taylor. Produced by Transport Group Theatre Company, the musical first opened Off-Broadway in 2011.
Sikhism in Italy
Italian Sikhs are a growing religious minority in Italy, which has the second biggest Sikh population in Europe after the United Kingdom (525,000) and sixth largest number of Sikhs in the world. It is estimated that there are 220,000 Sikhs in Italy, constituting 0.3% of the total Italian population.

Province of Novara
The province of Novara (Italian: provincia di Novara) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Novara.

In 1992, the new province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola was created through the fusion of three geographical areas which had previously been part of the province of Novara.

It has an area of 1,339 square kilometres (517 sq mi) and a population of 362,925 (2021). The province contains 87 comuni (sg.: comune) (see list of comuni of the province of Novara).
Georges Massicotte
Georges J.P. Massicotte (January 23, 1930 – November 3, 2020) was a Canadian politician from the province of Quebec. He served as a member of the Quebec National Assembly for Lotbinière as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party from 1973 until 1976.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Miguel Morris
Miguel Samuel Morris Yrisarry, also known as Junior Morris or Morris III (20 August 1880 – 16 July 1951), was an Anglo-Filipino of British descent who played football as a defender for Spanish club FC Barcelona between 1902 and 1909, being a member of the Barça side that reached the final of the 1902 Copa de la Coronación.

He closely followed the steps of his older stepbrothers, Samuel and Enrique, playing alongside them in Hispania AC, FC Barcelona, and Star FC. He also appeared with them in the oldest photo of a football team in Spain in 1893, when he was still a boy of 13.

Catalan football championship
The Catalan football championship (Campionat de Catalunya) was a football competition in Catalonia and the first football league in Spain before La Liga was established in 1929.

In December 1900, Alfons Macaya, the president of Hispania AC, offered a trophy (the Copa Macaya) to be contested by several football teams from Spain. The league was played between 1901 and 1940 and was cancelled in Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
Palaeococcus ferrophilus
Palaeococcus ferrophilus is a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney. It cells are irregular cocci and motile with multiple polar flagella.

Paleococcus was the third genus within Euryarchaeota to be described in the literature.  These organisms prefer to use elemental sulfur as an electron acceptor, but they can also use ferrous oxide.

Electron acceptor
An electron acceptor is a chemical entity that accepts electrons transferred to it from another compound. Electron acceptors are oxidizing agents.

The electron accepting power of an electron acceptor is measured by its redox potential.

In the simplest case, electron acceptors are reduced by one electron.  The process can alter the structure of the acceptor substantially. When the added electron is highly delocalized, the structural consequences of the reduction can be subtle. The central C-C distance in the electron acceptor tetracyanoethylene elongates from 135 to 143 pm upon acceptance of an electron.  In the formation of some donor-acceptor complexes, less than one electron is transferred.  TTF-TCNQ is a charge transfer complex.
Evacuation (TV series)
Evacuation is a British children's reality television series presented by Matt Baker which was broadcast on CBBC between September 2006 and February 2008 where six boys and six girls from across the United Kingdom experienced living as evacuees in World War II.

Matt Baker
Matthew James Baker MBE (born 23 December 1977) is a British television presenter. He co-presented the children's television show Blue Peter from 1999 until 2006, BBC One's Countryfile since 2009 and The One Show from 2011 to 2020, with Alex Jones.
Malcolm Hastie
Malcolm Thomas Hastie (19 February 1929 – 8 April 2017) was an Australian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He also won the gold medal with the Australian team in the exhibition event at the 1950 British Empire Games.

1950 British Empire Games
The 1950 British Empire Games (Maori: 1950 Nga Keemu Emepaea o Ingarangi)  were the fourth staging of what is now called the Commonwealth Games. It was held in Auckland, New Zealand, between 4 and 11 February 1950, after a 12-year gap from the third edition of the games due to World War II. The fourth games were originally awarded to Montreal, Canada and were to be held in 1942 but were cancelled due to the War.

The Games were declared open by Sir Bernard Freyberg. The opening ceremony was held at Eden Park and was sold out with 40,000 people attending. Eden Park also served as the main venue, while the closing ceremonies were held at Western Springs Stadium. Other venues included the Auckland Town Hall and the Newmarket Olympic Pool.

Total attendances were 246,694; higher than the following three Games, 1954 (159,636), 1958 (178,621) and 1962 (224,987).

A 1950 British Empire Games documentary film of the games was made by the New Zealand National Film Unit.
Shitsuren, Arigatō
"Shitsuren, Arigatō" (失恋、ありがとう; "Thank you, for Heartbreak") is the 57th single by Japanese idol group AKB48. It was released in Japan by King Records on March 18, 2020, in four versions. It debuted at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart and Billboard Japan Hot 100, with over 1.4 million copies sold in its first week, making them the first girl group to surpass one million copies in its first week that year. The center for the main track is Mizuki Yamauchi. This single also serves as the last single and senbatsu for long time member Minami Minegishi.

STU48
STU48 (Setouchi48) is a Japanese idol group and sister group of AKB48 named after the Setouchi Region. The group had a shipboard theater (船上劇場, senjō gekijō) from 2019 to 2021. It is co-owned by the tourism board of Setouchi Region and is highly involved in their promotional efforts. The group's captain is Azumi Okada and the vice captain is Akari Fukuda.
Padovani
Padovani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Padovani (politician) (born 1977), Brazilian politician

Aurelio Padovani (1889–1926), Italian politician

Edoardo Padovani (born 1993), Italian rugby player

Gigi Padovani (born 1953), Italian journalist

Giovanni Padovani (c. 1512–?), Italian mathematician and astronomer

Henry Padovani (born 1952), French musician

Jacqueline Padovani Grima, Maltese judge

Jean-Daniel Padovani (born 1980), French footballer

Jean-Marc Padovani (born 1956), French jazz saxophonist, composer, and arranger

Lea Padovani (1920–1991), Italian actress

Michel Padovani (born 1962), French football player and manager

Romain Padovani (born 1989), French footballer

Lea Padovani
Lea Padovani (28 July 1923 – 23 June 1991) was an Italian film actress. She appeared in 60 films between 1945 and 1990. She starred in the film Black Dossier which was entered into the 1955 Cannes Film Festival.
Imitation (TV series)
Imitation (Korean: 이미테이션; RR: Imiteisyeon) is a South Korean television series starring Jung Ji-so, Lee Jun-young, Jeong Yun-ho, and Park Ji-yeon. Based on the webtoon of the same name, it tells the story of the lives of idols in the entertainment industry, centered around the secret romance between a member of a rookie girl group and a member of the top boy group in the industry. The series aired on KBS2 from May 7, 2021, to July 23, 2021. The drama was aired on Rakuten Viki Originals and iQiyi in selected regions.

Korean idol
An idol (Korean: 아이돌; RR: aidol) is a type of entertainer who works in the field of Korean popular music (K-pop), either as a member of a group or as a solo act. They typically work for an entertainment agency that operates a highly managed star system that idols are produced by and debut under. Idols undergo extensive training in dance, vocal performance, and foreign language, and tend to represent a hybridized convergence of visuals, music, and fashion. Idols maintain a carefully curated public image and social media presence, and dedicate significant time and resources to building relationships with fans through concerts and meetups.
Nicolaus Tideman
Thorwald Nicolaus Tideman (/ˈtiːdɪmən/, not /ˈtaɪdmən/; born August 11, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois) is a Georgist economist and professor at Virginia Tech. He received his Bachelor of Arts in economics and mathematics from Reed College in 1965 and his PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1969. Tideman was an assistant professor of economics at Harvard University from 1969 to 1973, during which time from 1970 to 1971 he was a Senior Staff Economist for the President's Council of Economic Advisors. Since 1973, he has been at Virginia Tech, with various visiting positions at Harvard Kennedy School (1979–1980), University of Buckingham (1985–1986), and the American Institute for Economic Research (1999–2000).

Council of Economic Advisers
The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) is a United States agency within the Executive Office of the President established in 1946, which advises the president of the United States on economic policy. The CEA provides much of the empirical research for the White House and prepares the publicly-available annual Economic Report of the President. The council is made up of its chairperson and generally two to three additional member economists. Its chairperson requires appointment and Senate confirmation, and its other members are appointed by the president.
Samokovo
Samokovo is a village in the municipality of Kuršumlija, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 61 people. This village is mentioned by Pjeter Bogdani as "Samocovo" and with a former name "Hecur" in his book "Cuneus Prophetarum"(1685).

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Loboc River
The Loboc River (also called Loay River) is a river in the Bohol province of the Philippines. It is one of the major tourist destinations of Bohol.

The source of the Loboc River is located in the town of Carmen, almost in the center of Bohol. From Carmen, the river takes a westerly course for a distance of about 1.5 kilometres (1 mi) then flows due south into the Mindanao or Bohol Sea. Its drainage area of approximately, 520 square kilometres (200 sq mi), is bordered by a horseshoe-shaped chain of mountain peaks rising to an elevation of 800 metres (2,600 ft). Rainfall is distributed almost uniformly throughout the year, thus Loboc River has a steady and high base flow.

Carmen, Bohol
Carmen, officially the Municipality of Carmen (Cebuano: Munisipalidad sa Carmen; Tagalog: Bayan ng Carmen),  is a  municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 50,249 people.

Carmen celebrates its fiesta on January 17, to honor the town patron Saint Anthony de Abbot.
Szczepice
Szczepice [ʂt͡ʂɛˈpit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kcynia, within Nakło County, in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-central Poland. The village is situated approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Kcynia, 13 km (8 mi) south of Nakło nad Notecią, and 33 km (21 mi) west of Bydgoszcz.

Gmina Kcynia
Gmina Kcynia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kcynia, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-west of Nakło nad Notecią and 38 km (24 mi) west of Bydgoszcz.

The gmina covers an area of 297.02 square kilometres (114.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 13,730 (out of which the population of Kcynia amounts to 4,679, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,051).
Rajkumar College, Rajkot
The Rajkumar College (or RKC) in Rajkot, Gujarat is one of the oldest K-12 institutions in India. RKC has a 28.656-acre (1,15,965 m2) campus in Rajkot. The foundation stone of The Rajkumar College was laid in 1868. The institution was designed by Colonel Keatinge and was formally opened by the Governor of Bombay, H. B. Sir Seymour Fitzgerald, in 1870 and just celebrated Sesquicentenary in 2020  .  The college was founded for the education of the princely order by the princes and chiefs of Kathiawad for their sons and relations.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Rødseth
Rødseth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Asbjørn Rødseth (born 1951), Norwegian economist

John Rødseth (born 1947), Norwegian sport shooter

Tor Rødseth (1928–2007), Norwegian economist

Tor Rødseth
Tor Rødseth (1928–2007) was a Norwegian economist.

He was born in Harstad, and graduated with the cand.oecon. degree in 1952. He was a docent at the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration from 1962 to 1974 and a professor at the University of Bergen from 1974 to 1993.
Muqi
Muqi or Muxi (Chinese: 牧谿; Japanese: Mokkei; 1210?–1269?), also known as Fachang (Chinese: 法常), was a Chinese Chan Buddhist monk and painter who lived in the 13th century, around the end of the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279). Today, he is considered to be one of the greatest Chan painters in history. His ink paintings, such as the Daitokuji triptych and Six Persimmons are regarded as essential Chan paintings. Muqi's style of painting has also profoundly impacted painters from later periods to follow, especially monk painters in Japan.

According to Chinese secondary sources, Muqi's surname was thought to be Li. "Muqi" was his art name, and "Fachang" was, in fact, his formal name in the monastery system.

Triptych
A triptych (/ˈtrɪptɪk/ TRIP-tik) is a work of art (usually a panel painting) that is divided into three sections, or three carved panels that are hinged together and can be folded shut or displayed open. It is therefore a type of polyptych, the term for all multi-panel works. The middle panel is typically the largest and flanked by two smaller related works, although there are triptychs of equal-sized panels. The form can also be used for pendant jewelry.

Beyond its usual meaning in the visual arts, the term is sometimes used as a title or descriptive term in other arts media such as music or the performing arts for works with three parts.