hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abd al-Razzaq Kāshānī
Kamāl al-Dīn Abūʾl-Faḍl Abd al-Razzaq ibn Jamāl al-Dīn Abu al-Ghānīm Kāshānī (Persian: کمال‌الدّین ابوالفضل عبدالرزّاق بن جمال‌الدین ابى‌الغنائم کاشانى), better known as Abd al-Razzaq Kāshānī (عبدالرزاق کاشانی)  was a 14th-century Persian Sufi mystic and scholar. He wrote the Ta'wilat al-Qur'an al-Karim, a mystical exegesis (interpretation) of the Quran.

Exegesis
Exegesis (/ˌɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs/ ⓘ EK-sih-JEE-sis; from the Greek ἐξήγησις, from ἐξηγεῖσθαι, "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Biblical works. In modern usage, exegesis can involve critical interpretations of virtually any text, including not just religious texts but also philosophy, literature, or virtually any other genre of writing. The phrase Biblical exegesis can be used to distinguish studies of the Bible from other critical textual explanations.

Textual criticism investigates the history and origins of the text, but exegesis may include the study of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the author, text, and original audience. Other analyses include classification of the type of literary genres presented in the text and analysis of grammatical and syntactical features in the text itself.
Lawrence Shankland
Lawrence Shankland (born 10 August 1995) is a footballer who plays as a striker for and captains Scottish Premiership club Heart of Midlothian and the Scotland national team.

Shankland began his career at Queen's Park before moving to Aberdeen in 2013. He played on loan with Dunfermline Athletic, St Mirren and Greenock Morton before joining Ayr United in 2017. He signed for Dundee United in 2019 and made his debut for Scotland later that year. In 2021 Shankland moved to Belgian club Beerschot, but returned to Scotland after one year, signing with Hearts.

Scottish Championship
The Scottish Championship known as the William Hill Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish Championship was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Thomas Newburn
Thomas Newburn (10 August 1918 – 26 July 2003) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

Newburn was born at Belfast and played his early club cricket for the Central Presbyterian Association Cricket Club. He made one appearance in first-class cricket for Ireland against Scotland at Belfast in 1949. Batting twice during the match, Newburn was dismissed in Ireland's first-innings for 8 runs by George Youngson, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 4 runs by William Edward. He took also took three wickets in the match, dismissing James Taylor, William Laidlaw and Robert McLaren in Scotland's second-innings. He later played his club cricket for Woodvale. He died at Belfast in July 2003.

George Youngson
George William Youngson (12 December 1919 – 8 December 1982) was a Scottish first-class cricketer. A right arm paceman from Aberdeen, only Douglas Barr and Jimmy Allan have taken more wickets for Scotland.
MV Cristina A
The MV Cristina A is a Turkish flagged container ship owned by the Turkey based Limar Liman ve Gemi Isletmeleri A.S. and operated by the Delmas Shipping Co. in Le Havre, France. The vessel has a capacity of 1,604 nominal teus or 1,174 teus 14TH. She has been in service since June 8, 2008 on the route between Europe and West Africa. She is the 18th vessel in the fleet of Arkas Shipping & Transport Co. with the company having 23 container ships in total as of October 2008.  The shipping line is ultimately operated by CMA CGM through its subsidiary OTAL.

In 2019 on charterers request the ship was renamed Vento di Maestrale, and brought under Malta flag, homeport Valletta. In May 2023 she was renamed again Cristina A, still sailing in management of Arkas Shipping.

CMA CGM
Compagnie maritime d'affrètement - Compagnie générale maritime, commonly known as CMA CGM is a French shipping and logistics company founded in 1978 by Jacques Saadé. The name is an acronym derived from its  two predecessor companies, Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement (CMA) and Compagnie Générale Maritime (CGM), which translate to "Maritime Freighting Company" and "General Maritime Company", respectively.

Headquartered at the CMA CGM Tower in Marseille, France, the group is the third-largest container shipping company in the world. For the 2024 fiscal year, the company reported an annual revenue of US$55.48 billion.

CMA CGM operations include shipping, port operation, supply chain management, and warehousing. The company has a presence in 160 countries with 400 offices, 750 warehouses, 155,000 employees, and a fleet of 593 vessels. CMA CGM serves 420 of the world's 521 commercial ports and operates 257 shipping lines.
PR1ME Mathematics Teaching Programme
PR1ME Mathematics teaching programme (PR1ME) is created for the primary or elementary grades and was first introduced in 2014 by Scholastic. It is adopted by schools in multiple countries such as Philippines, Australia, New Zealand and Mexico. PR1ME is a programme based on the Mathematics teaching and learning practices of Singapore, Hong Kong and Republic of Korea, which have consistently performed strongly in international mathematics studies such as the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). This programme was developed in collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MOE), Singapore and is adapted from the Primary Mathematics Project developed by MOE.

Programme for International Student Assessment
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in member and non-member nations intended to evaluate educational systems by measuring 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on mathematics, science, and reading. It was first performed in 2000 and then repeated every three years. Its aim is to provide comparable data to enable countries to improve their education policies and outcomes. It measures problem solving and cognition.

The results of the 2022 data collection were released in December 2023.
Supreme Court of the Republic (Yemen)
The Supreme Court of the Republic is the highest court of law in the Republic of Yemen.

According to Article 153 of the Constitution of Yemen, it is the "highest judicial authority" in Yemen. It has the power to examine the constitutionality of laws, regulations, by-laws, and decisions; to judge disputes over conflict of jurisdiction; to investigate and give opinions regarding appeals referred by the House of Representatives relating to its membership; to hear appeals from lower courts; and to try the president, vice president, prime minister, his deputies, ministers, and their deputies.

In 2006, it was reported to have eight divisions: constitutional, appeals' scrutiny, criminal, military, civil, family, commercial, and administrative. the constitutional division was composed of seven judges including the chief justice.

Vice President of Yemen
The vice president of the republic of Yemen is the second highest political position in Yemen.

As of 7 April 2022, the role is fulfilled by the Deputy Chairmen of the Presidential Leadership Council.

Under the Constitution of Yemen, the Vice President is appointed by the President, and acts as constitutional successor of the President in case of a vacancy. The Vice President assists the President in his duties. The President may delegate some of his functions to the Vice President.

The position of the Vice President of Yemen was occupied by Yemen Army general Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar from 4 April 2016, after being appointed by the President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.

On April 7, 2022, in a televised address, Hadi resigned, dismissed Vice President Ahmar, and transferred the powers of the President and Vice President to the Presidential Leadership Council, with Rashad al-Alimi, former Interior Minister under President Saleh, as its chairman. The council has seven deputy chairs.
Tanja Schultz
Tanja Schultz is a German computer scientist specializing in speech processing. She is  professor of computer science at the University of Bremen and the former president of the International Speech Communication Association.

Speech processing
Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of  signals. The signals are usually processed in a digital representation, so speech processing can be regarded as a special case of digital signal processing, applied to speech signals. Aspects of speech processing includes the acquisition, manipulation, storage, transfer and output of speech signals. Different speech processing tasks include speech recognition, speech synthesis, speaker diarization, speech enhancement, speaker recognition, etc.
Edward Winter (cricketer)
Edward Winter (born 1773 at Dartford, Kent; died 10 March 1830 at Dartford) was an English professional cricketer who made 12 known appearances in important matches from 1794 to 1815.

He was mainly associated with Berkshire.

Dartford
Dartford is the principal town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, England. It is located 18 mi (29 km) south-east of Central London and
is situated adjacent to the London Borough of Bexley to its west. To its north, across the Thames Estuary, is Thurrock in Essex, which can be reached via the Dartford Crossing. To its east lies the Borough of Gravesham and to the south the district of Sevenoaks. It had a population of 51,240.

The town centre lies in a valley through which the River Darent flows and where the old road from London to Dover crossed: hence the name, which derives from Darent + ford. Dartford became a market town in medieval times and, although today it is principally a commuter town for Greater London, it has a long history of religious, industrial and cultural importance. It is an important rail hub; the main through-road now by-passes the town itself.
Menoikio
Menoikio (Greek: Μενοίκιο, also known to the local populations as "Bozdakas" and "Bozdas", Greek corruptions of the Turkish name "Boz Dag", which was applied to the mountain by the Turks in Ottoman time, Bulgarian: Сминица, Sminitsa) is a mountain range in the eastern Serres and western Drama regional units of eastern Macedonia, Greece. The highest peak of the mountain is Mavromata at 1,963 m.

Regional units of Greece
The 74 regional units of Greece are the country's third-level administrative units (counting decentralized administrations as first-level). They are subdivisions of the country's 13 regions, and are further divided into municipalities.

They were introduced as part of the Kallikratis administrative reform on 1 January 2011 and are comparable in area and, on the mainland, coterminous with the "pre-Kallikratis" prefectures of Greece.
Boriti
Boriti (Georgian: ბორითი) is a village in the Kharagauli Municipality of Imereti in western Georgia. It lies on the river Dzirula. It is also the location of the death of a famous Georgian dissident and patriot Merab Kostava, where he died in 1989 due to a car crash (possible assassination).

Imereti
Imereti (Georgian: იმერეთი, pronounced [imeɾetʰi]) is a region of Georgia situated in the central-western part of the republic along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni River. Imereti is the most populous region in Georgia. It consists of 11 municipalities and the city of Kutaisi, which is the capital of the region.
Krishna Prasad (politician)
Krishna Prasad (died 2010), was a Fijian politician of Indian descent, who held the Nadi Open Constituency in the House of Representatives for the Fiji Labour Party in the parliamentary election of 2001.

Prasad retired from politics at the general election held on 6–13 May 2006. Prasad died from a heart attack on 27 April 2010.

Nadi (Open Constituency, Fiji)
Nadi Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. It was located in the western part of the main island of Viti Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.
Churchill (surname)
Churchill is an English surname. The Churchill family lived in Somerset in the town of Curcelle. The name Curcelle, of Norman origin, in England became confused with the name Churchill, which derives from the Old English cyrice, which means "church", and hyll, which means "hill".
Notable people with the surname include:

Norman language
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl spoken in the historical and cultural region of Normandy.

The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. The thirteenth-century philosopher Roger Bacon was the first to distinguish it along with other dialects such as Picard and Bourguignon.

Today, although it does not enjoy any official status outside of Jersey, some reports of the French Ministry of Culture have recognized it as one of the regional languages of France.
2011 Bet-at-home Cup Kitzbühel – Doubles
Dustin Brown and Rogier Wassen were the defending champions, but decided not to participate together.
Brown plays alongside Michael Kohlmann, while Wassen partners up with Lukáš Rosol. Brown lost in the first round to Santiago Giraldo and Pere Riba and Wassen lost in the second round to Franco Ferreiro and André Sá.

Daniele Bracciali and Santiago González won the title, defeating Franco Ferreiro and André Sá 7–6(7–1), 4–6, [11–9] in the final.

Dustin Brown (tennis)
Dustin Brown (born 8 December 1984), nicknamed "Dreddy", is a German-Jamaican former professional tennis player who rose to fame after beating Rafael Nadal at the Halle Open in 2014 and at Wimbledon in 2015. He was known for his technique, speed, and unorthodox playing style, often entertaining the crowd with trick shots.

Brown competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, in singles and doubles, having won 31 titles overall. He achieved his career-high singles ranking of No. 64 in October 2016 and his career-high doubles ranking of No. 43 in May 2012. Brown is one of only two players who are undefeated against Rafael Nadal after playing more than one match with him (the other being Àlex Corretja), holding a 2–0 head-to-head record.

Brown did not reach an ATP singles final, but made two semifinals at the 2016 Open Sud de France and the 2016 Swiss Open Gstaad. In doubles, he won two titles on the ATP Tour.
Márcio Ribeiro
Márcio José Ribeiro e Silva (born 12 March 1957), known as Márcio Ribeiro, is a Brazilian football coach and former player who played as an attacking midfielder. He is the current head coach of Audax.

Márcio Ribeiro spent his career mainly in charge of clubs in the São Paulo state before taking over Água Santa in 2013. With the club he achieved three consecutive promotions, and made his professional debut in 2016 Campeonato Paulista.

Márcio Ribeiro also had an unassuming spell at Portuguesa during the last months of 2016, suffering relegation to Série D. Back in 2005, he won the Campeonato Alagoano while in charge of CSA.

Centro Sportivo Alagoano
Centro Sportivo Alagoano (CSA) is a Brazilian professional football club based in Maceió, Alagoas. It competes in Série D, the Fourth tier of Brazilian football, and Campeonato Alagoano, the top flight of the Alagoas state football league.

Founded on 7 September 1913, the home stadium is the Estádio Rei Pelé stadium, which has a capacity of 20,000. CSA's greatest rival is CRB.
Nørrebrohallen
Nørrebrohallen (English: the hall of Nørrebro) is a Danish sports complex in Nørrebro, Copenhagen. It was formerly known as Nørrebro Remise (English: Nørrebro Depot) because it worked as a depot for the now-defunct Copenhagen Tram until 1972 when all tram activities stopped. The facility is owned and run by the Copenhagen Municipality. The oldest part of the facility was drawn by architect Thorvald Sørensen and was constructed by Siemens & Halske-Bahnabteilung in 1896. Nørrebrohallen was expanded several times since; amongst others by Vilhelm Friederichsen from 1900 to 1902. Furthermore, the professional Danish Basketball club Stevnsgade Basketball play their home matches in Hal 3 in Nørrebrohallen. Hal 3 has a capacity of approx. 600 people.

Motive power depot
A motive power depot (MPD) or locomotive depot, or traction maintenance depot (TMD), is where  locomotives are usually housed, repaired and maintained. They were originally known as "running sheds", "engine sheds" or just "sheds". Facilities are provided for refuelling and the replenishing of water, lubricating oil and grease and, for steam engines, the disposal of ash. There are often workshops for day-to-day repairs and maintenance, but locomotive building and major overhauls are usually carried out at locomotive works. (Note: In American English, the term depot is used to refer to passenger stations or goods (freight) facilities, not to vehicle maintenance facilities.)
Astrologen
"Astrologen" ("The Astrologer") is a song written by Magnus Uggla, appearing on his 1983 album Välkommen till folkhemmet. The characteristic string arrangement was, as usual, made by Anders Henriksson.

Uggla wrote the song while being together with a girl who was interested in astrological signs. He first wanted to sing it as a duet with Agnetha Fältskog, but she was working on a solo album, and Uggla said he was afraid of asking.

The song was recorded by Date for their 2010 album Här och nu!.

Darin Zanyar performed the song in the 2012 edition of Så mycket bättre (season 3). His version peaked at number two on the Swedish Singles Chart.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
Charles Fenton Sr.
Charles Benjamin Monds Fenton (25 November 1839 – 1 September 1908) was an Australian politician. He was the Protectionist member for Wellington in the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1893 to 1897. He died in 1908 in Burnie.

Electoral district of Wellington (Tasmania)
The Electoral district of Wellington was an electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It was based in north-western Tasmania in the town of Stanley, and included King Island. The seat extended as far east as Wynyard and Burnie until 1903 when the Burnie seat was created.

The seat was created as a single-member seat ahead of the 1871 election from the western portion of the abolished Devon seat. In 1886, it became a two-member seat. At the 1897 election, Wellington returned to being a single-member seat when Waratah split away from it. It was abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model for the entire state in 1909.
Creeps (film)
Creeps is a 1956 comedy horror short subject. It was directed by Jules White, starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Shemp Howard). It is the 168th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Slapstick
Slapstick is a style of humor involving exaggerated physical activity that exceeds the boundaries of normal physical comedy. Slapstick may involve both intentional violence and violence by mishap, often resulting from physical abuse and/or inept use of props such as saws and ladders.

The term arises from a device developed for use in the broad, physical comedy style known as commedia dell'arte in 16th-century Italy. The "slap stick" consists of two thin slats of wood, which makes a "slap" when striking another actor, with little force needed to make a loud—and comical—sound. The physical slap stick remains a key component of the plot in the traditional and popular Punch and Judy puppet show. More contemporary examples of slapstick humor include The Three Stooges, The Naked Gun and Mr. Bean.
Kele (river)
The Kele (Russian: Келе; Yakut: Кэлэ) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, a right tributary of the Aldan, part of the Lena basin.

The Kele has a length of 242 kilometres (150 mi) and a drainage basin area of 8,620 square kilometres (3,330 sq mi). There are no settlements in the area of the river. The nearest village is Segyan-Kyuyol to the west, in the Tumara basin.

Segyan-Kyuyol
Segyan-Kyuyol (Russian: Сегян-Кюёль; Yakut: Сиэгэн Күөл, Siegen Küöl) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kirovsky Rural Okrug in Kobyaysky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 395; down from 430 recorded in the 2002 Census.
Ben Quayle
Benjamin Eugene Quayle (born November 5, 1976) is an American lawyer and politician who is a former U.S. representative for Arizona's 3rd congressional district. A member of the Republican Party, he is the son of the 44th vice president of the United States, Dan Quayle.

Before serving in Congress, Quayle worked as an associate lawyer and founded a security company. In the 2010 Republican primary he defeated 10 other candidates before winning the general election. In his first bid for reelection, two years later and after redistricting, he faced a Republican challenge from fellow Representative David Schweikert and narrowly lost the seat in the primary.

After leaving Congress, Quayle joined the lobbying firm Clark Hill in Washington D.C. He now works for advocacy firm Venture Government Strategies (formerly Hobart Hallaway Quayle).

National Journal
National Journal is an advisory services company based in Washington, D.C., offering services in government affairs, advocacy communications, stakeholder mapping, and policy brands research for government and business leaders. It publishes daily journalism covering politics and public policy and is led by president Kevin Turpin, National Journal Daily editor-in-chief Jeff Dufour, and The Hotline editor-in-chief Kirk Bado.

Initially popularized by its weekly magazine, which closed in December 2015 after 46 years of publication, National Journal shifted to a paid membership model in 2011 and began providing strategic research and analysis through its suite of products for government affairs and public policy professionals. National Journal now serves over 1,000 members from both the public and private sectors.
Fraser MacMaster
Fraser MacMaster (born 14  November 1978) is a retired New Zealand professional racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Vorarlberger. MacMaster competed in the 4000m Individual Pursuit at the 1998 Commonwealth Games where he came 6th.
Macmaster's greatest achievement is winning the overall at the Tour of Greece in 2002.

1998 Commonwealth Games
The 1998 Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel 1998), officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel ke-16), were a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 1998 Games were the first to be held in Asia, and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. For the first time ever, the Games included team sports. Around 3,638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the Games, which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.