hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lindeman-Sobel approach to artistic wind performance
The Lindeman-Sobel Approach to Artistic Wind Performance is a comprehensive method in music that aims to harmonize various elements of wind instrument playing. This includes the coordination of fingers, air stream (or bow usage for string instruments), rhythm, and the physical attributes of the instrument, such as the length of the tube or string being played.

This approach was initially developed by Henry Lindeman (July 28, 1902 – March 7, 1961). He was an American woodwind musician known for his association with the Paul Whiteman Orchestra. It was later refined and expanded by Phil Sobel (May 13, 1917 – September 14, 2008), a prominent first chair woodwind player in the NBC staff orchestra and the leader of the West Coast Saxophone Quartet. Sobel, who studied under Lindeman from 1935 to 1946, played a significant role in advancing and popularizing this method.

Philo Belden
Philo Belden (October 22, 1815 – September 9, 1889) was a Wisconsin pioneer who helped establish the village of Rochester, Wisconsin, and was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and the Wisconsin State Senate.
Morituri
Morituri—Latin for "those who are about to die"—can refer to:

Morituri (1948 film), a German film, featuring Klaus Kinski's onscreen debut.

Morituri (1965 film), starring Marlon Brando and Yul Brynner.

Morituri (2007 film), a 2007 French-Algerian film by Okacha Touita, from the homonymous book by Yasmina Khadra

Strikeforce: Morituri, a Marvel Comics comic book series

Those About to Die, a 2024 TV series starring Anthony Hopkins and Dimitri Leonidas

Those About to Die
Those About to Die is an epic historical drama television series developed by Robert Rodat and directed by Roland Emmerich and Marco Kreuzpaintner based on Daniel P. Mannix book. It premiered on July 18, 2024, on Peacock and internationally on Amazon Prime Video the next day. The series title references the Latin gladiatorial greeting made to the Emperor at the games "Ave Caesar, morituri te salutant (Hail Caesar, those about to die salute you)".
Devon Record Offices
There are three local archives covering the historic county of Devon, England. The Devon Heritage Centre in Exeter is the main archive. It has a branch office, the North Devon Record Office in Barnstaple (established in 1988), which is the repository for records broadly relating to North Devon. Since 2014 the joint service has been run by the South West Heritage Trust under the name of the Devon Archives and Local Studies Service.

In addition, there is The Box in Plymouth, a new museum, art gallery and archive for the South West which opened in September 2020. Alongside local archives from the former Plymouth and West Devon Record Office, The Box holds materials from the former South West Film & Television Archive, South West Image Bank and Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery.

Barnstaple
Barnstaple (/ˈbɑːrnstəbəl/ ⓘ or /ˈbɑːrnstəpəl/) is a town and civil parish in the North Devon district of Devon, England. The town lies at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool from which it earned great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, but its harbour silted up and other trades developed such as shipbuilding, foundries and sawmills. A Victorian market building survives, with a high glass and timber roof on iron columns.
San Diego County Public Defender
The San Diego County Public Defender's office is an agency of the government of San Diego County, California. It provides legal assistance to individuals charged with a crime in state court who are financially unable to retain private counsel. The office consists of the Primary Public Defender, the Alternate Public Defender, the Office of Assigned Counsel & the Multiple Conflicts Office. Mental health and juvenile court matters are handled by special units within the divisions.

Courts within their jurisdiction include the San Diego Superior Court, the California Court of Appeal for the Fourth District, and the Supreme Court of California. The San Diego County District Attorney and the San Diego City Attorney prosecute alleged felony and misdemeanor violations of California state law that occur within the jurisdiction of San Diego County. Alleged federal law violations by indigent defendants are defended by the Federal Defenders of San Diego Inc.

Misdemeanor
A misdemeanor (American English, spelled misdemeanour elsewhere) is any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems. Misdemeanors are generally punished less severely than more serious felonies, but theoretically more so than administrative infractions (also known as minor, petty, or summary offences) and regulatory offences. Typically, misdemeanors are punished with prison time of no longer than one year, monetary fines, or community service.
Hannah James and Sam Sweeney
Hannah James and Sam Sweeney were an English folk duo, comprising Hannah James (piano accordion, vocals, clogs) and Sam Sweeney (violin, viola, octave viola, English bagpipes, nyckelharpa, Hardanger fiddle).

Clogging
Clogging, buck dancing, or flatfoot dancing is a type of folk dance practiced in the United States, in which the dancer's footwear is used percussively by striking the heel, the toe, or both against a floor or each other to create audible rhythms, usually to the downbeat with the heel keeping the rhythm. Clogging can be found at various Old-Time and Bluegrass Music festivals.

Clogging is the official state dance of Kentucky and North Carolina.
OKK Spars
Omladinski košarkaški klub Spars, commonly referred to as OKK Spars or Spars Sarajevo, is a men's professional basketball club based in Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The club competes in the Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the ABA League Second Division.

The club is owned and operated by Nihad Selimović and a small group of partners.

ABA League Second Division
The ABA League Second Division, also ABA League 2, is the 2nd-tier men's basketball division of the ABA League system. It is run by the ABA League JTD. It is a regional competition between men's professional clubs from six countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia.
Ernest Hall (British Columbia politician)
Ernest "Ernie" Hall (16 September 1929 – 25 January 1987) was an English-born merchant and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Surrey in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1966 to 1975 and from 1979 to 1983 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member.

He was born in Manchester and worked briefly as a teacher before joining the British Army. Hall came to Canada in 1957 and worked as a textile wholesaler. He later worked for the Hudson's Bay Company wholesale division. In 1963, he was named provincial secretary for the NDP in British Columbia. He lived in Surrey. Hall was defeated when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1975, when he lost to Bill Vander Zalm, and in 1983. He served in the provincial cabinet as Provincial Secretary and as Minister of Travel Industry. In 1974, Hall introduced a bill to establish British Columbia Day as a public holiday in the province.

He was 57 when he died of a heart attack in 1987.

Surrey (electoral district)
Surrey was a provincial electoral district of British Columbia, Canada, from 1966 to 1983. The area it covered was formerly part of the electoral district of Delta. It returned one member to the Legislative Assembly of BC from 1966 to 1975 and two members thereafter. It was abolished prior to the 1986 election into Surrey-Guildford-Whalley, Surrey-Newton, and Surrey-White Rock-Cloverdale.
Beinwil am See–Ägelmoos
Beinwil am See–Ägelmoos is an archaeological site in Beinwil am See in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is a lakeside settlement (also known as a pile dwelling village or palafitte) that was probably inhabited during the Neolithic, Early Bronze Age and Late Bronze Age, i.e. between 4500 BC and 850 BC. Today (2019), the remains of the settlement lie completely submerged in Lake Hallwil. As a protective measure, they were covered with a layer of geotextile and gravel in 2017. Since 2011, the site has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps.

Geotextile
Geotextiles are versatile permeable fabrics that, when used in conjunction with soil, can effectively perform multiple functions, including separation, filtration, reinforcement, protection, and drainage. Typically crafted from polypropylene or polyester, geotextile fabrics are available in two primary forms: woven, which resembles traditional mail bag sacking, and nonwoven, which resembles felt.

Geotextile composites have been introduced and products such as geogrids and meshes have been developed. Geotextiles are durable and are able to soften a fall. Overall, these materials are referred to as geosynthetics and each configuration—geonets, geosynthetic clay liners, geogrids, geotextile tubes, and others—can yield benefits in geotechnical and environmental engineering design.
Entroncamento
Entroncamento (Portuguese pronunciation: [ẽtɾõkɐˈmẽtu] ⓘ) is a Portuguese municipality in district of Santarém in the Médio Tejo Subregion (Middle Tagus) of the Centro Region. The population in 2011 was 20,206, in an area of 13.73 km2. Situated in the Ribatejo, it benefits from its geo-strategic position along the Tagus Valley, with important accessibility to the motorways and railway lines that historically promoted its growth and expansion.

Médio Tejo
The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Médio Tejo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmɛðju ˈtɛʒu]; English: Middle Tagus) is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in December 2008, replacing the former Comunidade Urbana do Médio Tejo created in 2004. It takes its name from the river Tagus. Médio Tejo is also a NUTS 3 subregion of Oeste e Vale do Tejo, the NUTS 3 subregion has covered the same area as the intermunicipal community.

The seat of the intermunicipal community is Tomar. Médio Tejo comprises parts of the former districts of Santarém and Castelo Branco.

The population in 2011 was 247,331, in an area of 3,344.31 square kilometres (1,291.25 sq mi).
Saba Zafar
Saba Zafar is an Indian Politician From Janata Dal (United). He was elected to the assembly in 2010 from Amour (Vidhan Sabha constituency), which is part of Kishanganj (Lok Sabha constituency) after delimitation. Saba Zafar is contested election on BJP ticket from Amour (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in  2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He Joined Janata Dal (United) For 2020 Bihar Polls

Saba Zafar is a Kulahia Muslim. He did his graduation from Patna University. Saba defeated  Abdul Jalil Mastan (Surjapuri Muslim) of Congress by over 18,000 votes in Amour in 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
The Bihar legislative assembly election, 2010 was held in six phases over a period of one month starting from 21 October until 20 November in all 243 constituencies of Bihar, India. The election is conducted to elect the government in Bihar for a five-year term. The votes were scheduled to be counted on 24 November.
Clothing in the United Arab Emirates
Clothing in the United Arab Emirates are very similar in characteristic of Arabic countries and has aspect of the Bedouin life in the Arabian peninsula. Traditional clothing is designed for comfort in high temperatures and to keep with the Islamic religious beliefs in the country. Emiratis wear veils and long sleeved robes, worn especially in the summer. Clothing that cover more parts of the body from the sunlight can be preferred.

Sandals are the most common footwear for both Emirati women and men with elements such as open-toe designs with no slingback or strap behind the heel.

A social media campaign was started by two Emirati women, Hanan Al Rayes and Asma Al Muhairi, in 2012 to create awareness and educate tourists and expatriates on dressing appropriately, respecting the country's culture and sensibilities.

Veil
A veil is an article of clothing or hanging cloth that is intended to cover some part of the head or face, or an object of some significance. Veiling has a long history in European, Asian, and African societies. The practice has been prominent in different forms in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The practice of veiling is especially associated with women and sacred objects, though in some cultures, it is men, rather than women, who are expected to wear a veil. Besides its enduring religious significance, veiling continues to play a role in some modern secular contexts, such as wedding customs.
Mittleman
Mittleman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Mittleman (born 1953), American theologian

Harry Mittleman (1900–1985), American building contractor, apartment owner, and real estate developer

Rick Mittleman (1930–2014), American screenwriter

Stu Mittleman, ultradistance running champion, fitness/running coach, and author

Stu Mittleman
Stu Mittleman is an ultradistance running champion, as well as a fitness/running coach and author.

Mittleman set three consecutive American 100-Mile Road Race records in the US National Championships 1980–1982. His fastest 100-Mile Run was 12 hours 56 min . In 1986, he won the 1,000 Mile World Championship and set a new world record by running the distance (1 609.344 kilometers) in 11 days, 20 hours, 36 min. 50 sec. Mittleman set three consecutive modern-era American Records in the 6 Day Race, the final one being set in 1985 at the University of Colorado Field House with 577 miles.

In December 2008, Mittleman became the sixth American – the third American male – to be inducted into the American Ultrarunning Hall of Fame.
Maackia
Maackia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. There are 9 species, all native to eastern Asia, from China and Taiwan through Korea, Japan, and the Russian Far East. Six species are endemic to China. The generic name honors the botanist Richard Maack.

They are deciduous trees and shrubs. The alternately arranged leaves are divided into leaflets. The inflorescence is a simple or compound raceme of many flowers. Each flower has an inflated calyx with five teeth. The white or greenish corolla has a reflexed standard petal and keel petals that are fused at the bases. The fruit is a wide or narrow, flattened legume pod containing one to five flat seeds.

Richard Maack
Richard Otto Maack (Russian: Ричард Карлович Маак, romanized: Richard Karlovich Maak; 4 September 1825 – 25 November 1886) was a Russian naturalist, geographer, and anthropologist. He is most known for his exploration of the Russian Far East and Siberia, particularly the Ussuri and Amur River valleys.  He wrote some of the first scientific descriptions of the natural history of remote Siberia and collected many biological specimens, many of which were original type specimens of previously unknown species.

Ethnically Maack was a Baltic German from Estonia; however, the Russian Empire controlled this country during his lifetime. He was a member of the Siberian branch of the Russian Geographical Society.
Iona Presentation College
Iona Presentation College is an independent Catholic early learning, primary and secondary school. It is located in Mosman Park, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia.

Founded in 1907 by the Presentation Sisters, Iona enrolled 1220 students in 2020, from early learning (3-year-old students) to Year 12, of whom one percent identified as Indigenous Australians and twelve percent were from a language background other than English. Iona is co-educational in the early learning and primary school years, and is an all-girls school from Year 7- through to Year 12.

The college is a member of Catholic Education Western Australia, the Independent Girls' Schools Sports Association (IGSSA), the Alliance of Girls' Schools Australia, and the Association of Independent Schools of Western Australia. The principal is Robyn Miller.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
2025 General Tire 200 (Talladega)
The 2025 General Tire 200 was the 3rd stock car race of the 2025 ARCA Menards Series season, and the 63rd running of the event. The race was held on Saturday, April 26, 2025, at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama, a 2.66 mile (4.28 km) permanent quad-oval shaped asphalt superspeedway. The race was scheduled to be contested over 76 laps, but was extended to 77 laps due to an overtime finish. In an action-packed race, Lawless Alan, driving for Venturini Motorsports, would take the lead in the late stages, and won the race after the caution came out on the final restart. This was Alan's first career ARCA Menards Series win. This Was Also The Final ARCA Win For Venturini Motorsports. To fill out the podium, Thad Moffitt, driving for Nitro Motorsports, and Isabella Robusto, driving for Venturini Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Isabella Robusto
Isabella Robusto (born November 4, 2004) is an American professional stock car racing driver who currently competes full-time in the ARCA Menards Series, and part-time in the ARCA Menards Series East and ARCA Menards Series West, driving the No. 55 Toyota Camry for Nitro Motorsports. She has been in the TD2 driver development program system since 2021 and was a part of the Drive for Diversity program with Rev Racing from 2016 to 2021 which made her the longest lasting member of the program to date.
Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo, Marquis of La Solana
Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo y Eguía (7 January 1803, San Sebastián – 26 April 1857, Madrid) was a Spanish military and the marquis of La Solana. In 1814 he became a knight's page in the Spanish Army, fought against the government of Trienio Liberal, and then became the inspector of the Royalist Volunteers. Madrid historians mentioned Urbiztondo's participation to a dispute at the Royal Palace of Madrid, which involved the Duke of Cádiz, the Duke of Valencia and Joaquín Osorio y Silva-Bazán (who was killed by Urbiztondo).

In 1833 he was imprisoned at Mérida due to the accusation that he is supposed-to-be connection to Carlism, but he managed to escape to Portugal.

He became the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines from 1850 to 1853.

Trienio Liberal
The Trienio Liberal, ([ˈtɾjenjo liβeˈɾal], lit. 'Liberal Triennium') or Three Liberal Years, was a period of three years in Spain between 1820 and 1823 when a liberal government ruled Spain after a military uprising in January 1820 by the lieutenant-colonel Rafael del Riego against the absolutist rule of king Ferdinand VII. Del Riego's uprising forced Ferdinand VII to restore on 9 March the Constitution of Cádiz of 1812.

It ended in 1823 when, with the approval of the crowned heads of Europe, a French army invaded Spain and reinstated the King's absolute power. This invasion is known in France as the "Spanish Expedition" (expédition d’Espagne) and in Spain as the "Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis."

The Triennium is framed within the European period of the Revolutions of 1820, of which it constituted the trigger. The Constitution of Cádiz was adopted by the Neapolitan and Piedmontese revolutionaries and taken as a model by the Portuguese.
McWilliam Higher Secondary School
McWilliam Higher Secondary School is a state government school in Alipurduar, the central town of Dooars, in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is one of the oldest schools in Alipurduar. It was founded in 1937, during British Raj, as an upper primary school. Presently, there are more than two thousand students enrolled in this school from class one to class twelve with seventy eight teachers and a management body consisting students' guardians and teachers. There are two adjacent high school buildings and a primary school building situated in same campus. Also there is another junior school building in other part of the town, near Alipurduar College. This was established in 1955. McWilliam provides a liberal education and the medium of instruction is Bengali and English. This school cater for pupils from the ages of five to eighteen and it is affiliated to West Bengal Board of Secondary Education and West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education.

Dooars
The Dooars or Duars (/duˈɑːrz/) are the alluvial floodplains in eastern-northeastern India and southern Bhutan that lie south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas and north of the Brahmaputra River basin. This region is about 30 km (19 mi) wide and stretches over about 350 km (220 mi) from the Teesta River in West Bengal to the Dhansiri River in Udalguri district of Assam. The region forms the gateway to Bhutan. It is part of the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion.

Dooars means 'doors' in Assamese, Kamtapuri, Bengali, Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Magahi languages. There are 18 passages or gateways between the hills in Bhutan and the plains in India. This region is divided by the Sankosh River into Eastern and Western Dooars, consisting of an area of 880 km2 (340 sq mi).
OCSW
The OCSW (Objective Crew Served Weapon) was a U.S. Military arms program started in the 1980s that led to a hybrid smaller prototype automatic autocannon developed by General Dynamics Armament Systems. It led to the XM312 and XM307 designs.

As a part of the SAMP (Small Arms Master Plan) program, it had the same laser targeting system as the XM29 OICW, but was intended to supplement the 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher and the .50 M2 Browning machine gun. It could fire armor-piercing or explosive 25 mm grenades at a cyclic rate of 260 rounds per minute, and had an effective range up to 2 kilometres. It underwent combat trials before being cancelled.

Armour-piercing ammunition
Armour-piercing ammunition (AP) is a type of projectile designed to penetrate armour protection, most often including naval armour, body armour, and vehicle armour.

The first, major application of armour-piercing projectiles was to defeat the thick armour carried on many warships and cause damage to their lightly armoured interiors. From the 1920s onwards, armour-piercing weapons were required for anti-tank warfare. AP rounds smaller than 20 mm are intended for lightly armoured targets such as body armour, bulletproof glass, and lightly armoured vehicles.

As tank armour improved during World War II, anti-vehicle rounds began to use a smaller but dense penetrating body within a larger shell, firing at a very-high muzzle velocity. Modern penetrators are long rods of dense material like tungsten or depleted uranium (DU) that further improve the terminal ballistics.
Athletics at the 2005 SEA Games
The athletics events at the 2005 SEA Games were held at the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex in Malate, Manila, Philippines. The Marathon event was run from the Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard, Pasay, Philippines on December 4, 2005.

Rizal Memorial Sports Complex
The Rizal Memorial Sports Complex (RMSC; formerly known as Rizal Memorial Field) is a national sports complex of the Philippines, located on Pablo Ocampo St. (formerly Vito Cruz St.), Malate, Manila. It is named in honor of the country's national hero, José Rizal (1861–1896). The complex is currently managed by the Philippine Sports Commission, while the property is owned by the Manila City government. The complex also houses the administrative office of the PSC, and quarters for the Philippines' national athletes.