hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osterath–Dortmund Süd railway
The Osterath–Dortmund-Süd railway is a historically significant line in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Parts of it are closed, much of it is now used for freight only, but several sections are still used for Regional-Express, Regionalbahn or Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn services.

The nearly 76 kilometre long line was built in three stages between 1866 and 1874 by the Rhenish Railway Company (German: Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, RhE), creating a third major east-west line through the Ruhr area. It was intended to compete effectively with the established and profitable lines of its competitors—the Duisburg–Dortmund line of  the Cologne-Minden Railway Company and the Ruhr line of Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, but it was not successful.

Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg, Austria and Slovakia,  the  Regional-Express (pronounced [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlʔɛksˌpʁɛs] ⓘ; RE, or in Austria and Slovakia: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with a top speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and an average speed of about 70–90 km/h (45–55 mph) as it calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn (in Austria: Regionalzug) or S-Bahn trains, but stops more often than Intercity or Intercity Express services.
Beniarrés Dam
Beniarrés Dam is a dam in the townships of Beniarrés, Alcosser and Planes, all located in Alicante, Land of Valencia, Spain.

The dam is built on the Serpis River, and is 39 metres (128 ft) high, and has a crest length of almost 400 metres (1,300 ft). The surface area of its reservoir reaches 268 hectares (660 acres), distributed between three municipalities, Beniarrés (22.3%), where the dam was built, Planes (64.9%), and Alcosser (12.8%).

Its capacity is 27 cubic hectometres (22,000 acre⋅ft) of water, although it rarely reaches its full capacity because of the droughts caused by climate change in the region, running at around 13-14% of its capacity in 2024.

Acre-foot
The acre-foot is a non-SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m3 commonly used in the western United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows.

An acre-foot equals the volume of water needed to fill approximately an eight-lane swimming pool, 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep.
William Hyde Wollaston
William Hyde Wollaston FRS (/ˈwʊləstən/; 6 August 1766 – 22 December 1828) was an English chemist and physicist who is famous for discovering the chemical elements palladium and rhodium. He also developed a way to process platinum ore into malleable ingots, patented the camera lucida, and made contributions in electricity and spectroscopy.

Ingot
An ingot is a piece of relatively pure material, usually metal, that is cast into a shape suitable for further processing. In steelmaking, it is the first step among semi-finished casting products. Ingots usually require a second procedure of shaping, such as cold/hot working, cutting, or milling to produce a useful final product. Non-metallic and semiconductor materials prepared in bulk form may also be referred to as ingots, particularly when cast by mold based methods. Precious metal ingots can be used as currency (with or without being processed into other shapes), or as a currency reserve, as with gold bars.
Love Junkies
Love Junkies (恋愛ジャンキー) is a Japanese erotic comedy manga series written and illustrated by Kyo Hatsuki. It was serialized in Akita Shoten's seinen manga magazine, Young Champion. The manga is licensed in France by Taifu Comics, in Spain by Norma Editorial and in Brazil by Editora JBC. All publishers other than Akita Shoten release the manga as Love Junkies.

Editora JBC
Editora JBC (also known as "JBC") is a company that publishes books (including manga) and magazines related to Japan in Brazil. It has its headquarters in São Paulo.

This company was established in Tokyo, Japan, in 1992 to publish Portuguese newspapers for Brazilians who live in Japan. And it came to publish books and magazines related to Japan also in Brazil. Now this publisher is also known as a manga publisher in Brazil. Since 2006, the company supports the World Cosplay Summit (WCS), an annual international cosplay event, and hosts the preliminary rounds in Brazil.

JBC is more well known in Brazil than in Japan, although it is a Japanese company.
Rasm Elabed, Idlib
Rasm Elabed, Idlib (Arabic: رسم العبد)  is a Syrian village located in Sinjar Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Rasm Elabed, Idlib had a population of 414 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Hororata
Hororata is a village at the northwestern edge of the Canterbury Plains in the South Island of New Zealand. It is located 15 kilometres southwest of Darfield, five kilometres south of Glentunnel, and 50 kilometres west of Christchurch, on the banks of the Hororata River. Hororata, when translated from Maori means "drooping rata". There are a large number of rata growing in the district.

New Zealand census
The New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings (Māori: Te Tatauranga o ngā Tāngata Huri Noa i Aotearoa me ō rātou Whare Noho) is a national population and housing census conducted by Statistics New Zealand, a government department, every five years. There have been 34 censuses since 1851. In addition to providing detailed information about national demographics, the results of the census play an important part in the calculation of resource allocation to local service providers.

The 2023 census held on 7 March 2023 was the most recent, with the results being released from 29 May 2024 to August 2025.
A Taxing Woman
A Taxing Woman (マルサの女, Marusa no onna) is a 1987 Japanese film written and directed by Juzo Itami. It won numerous awards, including six major Japanese Academy awards. The title character of the film, played by Nobuko Miyamoto, is a tax investigator for the Japanese National Tax Agency who employs various techniques to catch tax evaders.

Itami took inspiration for the movie after entering a higher tax bracket following the success of his first film, The Funeral.

A sequel, A Taxing Woman's Return, featuring some of the same characters but darker in tone, was released in 1988.

1987 in film
The following is an overview of events in 1987 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies and festivals, a list of films released and notable deaths. Paramount Pictures celebrated its 75th anniversary in 1987.
The Man of the Woods Tour
The Man of the Woods Tour was the sixth concert tour by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake. Launched in support of his fifth studio album, Man of the Woods (2018), the tour began on March 13, 2018, in Toronto and concluded on April 13, 2019, in Uncasville. The Man of the Woods Tour was the sixth-highest-grossing tour of 2018. During its thirteen-month run from March 2018 to April 2019, the tour sold over 1.75 million tickets and grossed a total of over $226.3 million from 115 shows, making it Timberlake's second most successful tour to date behind only The 20/20 Experience World Tour, which grossed over $231.6 million from 134 shows, though Timberlake's per-night basis for the tour had a higher average at $1.96 million per-show than that of the 20/20 Experience World Tour, which averaged $1.81 million per-show.

Uncasville, Connecticut
Uncasville is a village in the town of Montville, Connecticut, United States. It is located in southeastern Montville, at the mouth of the Oxoboxo River where it flows into the Thames River. The name is now applied more generally to all of the east end of Montville, which is the area served by the Uncasville ZIP Code (06382).

In 1994, the federal government officially recognized the Mohegan Indian Tribe of Connecticut, which had historically occupied this area as part of its traditional territory. That year Congress passed the Mohegan Nation (Connecticut) Land Claim Settlement Act. The Act authorized the United States to take land into trust in northeastern Montville for the Mohegan tribe's use as a reservation. Since gaining a reservation, in 1996 the tribe developed the Mohegan Sun casino resort. It has also built the Mohegan Sun Arena on their land. The Mohegan are one of the Native American peoples who speak Algonquian languages.
Nowa Sól County
Nowa Sól County (Polish: powiat nowosolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nowa Sól, which lies 22 km (14 mi) south-east of Zielona Góra and 109 km (68 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The county contains three other towns: Kożuchów, lying 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Nowa Sól, Bytom Odrzański, lying 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Nowa Sól, and Nowe Miasteczko, 13 km (8 mi) south of Nowa Sól.

The county covers an area of 770.58 square kilometres (297.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 86,384. The most populated towns are Nowa Sól with 38,763 inhabitants and Kożuchów with 9,432 inhabitants.

From 1999 until 2002, Nowa Sól County also included the areas which now comprise Wschowa County (the towns and gminas of Wschowa, Sława and Szlichtyngowa).

Sława
Sława (Polish pronunciation: [ˈswava]; lit. 'glory') is a town in Wschowa County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. As of the 2019 census, Sława had a population of 4,321. It is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Sławskie.
Nanit
Nanit is an American technology start-up company that develops baby monitor devices connected through its mobile application. The camera captures the video recording of the child and analyzes the footage and shares insights based on the movement of the baby. Nanit was founded by Tor Ivry, Andrew Berman and Assaf Glazer. Sarah McCollum Dorsett, previously an executive at Bed Bath & Beyond, Century 21, and Bloomingdales.com, has served as Nanit's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) since 2019.  The company is headquartered in New York City and received $6.6 million seed funding round in June 2016.

Bed Bath & Beyond
Bed Bath & Beyond was an American big-box retail chain specializing in housewares, furniture, and specialty items. Headquartered in Union, New Jersey, the chain operated stores in the United States and Canada, and was once counted among the Fortune 500 and the Forbes Global 2000. The chain filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in April 2023 and liquidated all of its remaining stores, with the last closing on July 30, 2023. Following the retail chain's liquidation, its name was adopted by online retailer Overstock.com, which acquired Bed Bath and Beyond's trademarks in a bankruptcy auction. The name is also still used by the chain's former Mexican division, which is now independent.
Night Parade
Night Parade is a 1929 American pre-Code drama film directed by Malcolm St. Clair based on the play Ringside by Hyatt Daab, Edward Paramore, Jr. and George Abbott. Released by RKO Pictures in October 1929, it starred Hugh Trevor, Aileen Pringle, Dorothy Gulliver and Robert Ellis.

Malcolm St. Clair (filmmaker)
Malcolm St. Clair (May 17, 1897 – June 1, 1952) was a Hollywood film director, writer, producer and actor.

St. Clair's film career spanned the silent and sound era during the Hollywood Golden Age. His work is characterized by a “dynamic visual style”  evident in all the genres he treated.

The zenith of St. Clair's filmmaking occurred during the  silent film era, demonstrating his flexibility in wielding the medium as a director of comedies. His films included slapstick for Sennett, outrageous gag routines with Keaton and sophisticated comic-romances for Paramount.

His performance as a director declined with the advent of sound, suffering from the increased censorship, and his difficulty adapting to a less mobile camera and studio editing of his work. His later films were often limited to B movie “family” comedies, such as the Jones Family series, Lum and Abner and the later Laurel and Hardy features.

Most of St. Clair's silent films are lost or have limited access in archives.
Kodaira–Spencer map
In mathematics, the Kodaira–Spencer map, introduced by Kunihiko Kodaira and Donald C. Spencer, is a map associated to a deformation of a scheme or complex manifold X, taking a tangent space of a point of the deformation space to the first cohomology group of the sheaf of vector fields on X.

Ringed topos
In mathematics, a ringed topos is a generalization of a ringed space; that is, the notion is obtained by replacing a "topological space" by a "topos". The notion of a ringed topos has applications to deformation theory in algebraic geometry (cf. cotangent complex) and the mathematical foundation of quantum mechanics. In the latter subject, a Bohr topos is a ringed topos that plays the role of a quantum phase space.

The definition of a topos-version of a "locally ringed space" is not straightforward, as the meaning of "local" in this context is not obvious. One can introduce the notion of a locally ringed topos by introducing a sort of geometric conditions of local rings (see SGA4, Exposé IV, Exercise 13.9), which is equivalent to saying that all the stalks of the structure ring object are local rings when there are enough points.
Two Nations theory
The Two Nations theory can refer to:

Two-Nation Theory, the view that Muslims and Hindus in Colonial India were separate nations

Two nations theory (Ireland), the view that the Northern Ireland Protestants are a distinct Irish nation

Deux nations or Two Solitudes (Canadian society), the view that French and English Canada are separate nations

One Country on Each Side, the view that the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China (or alternatively, Taiwan itself) are two different countries, (namely "One China, one Taiwan"), as opposed to two separate political entities within the same country of "China".

Constitutional debate in Canada
The Constitutional debate of Canada is an ongoing debate covering various political issues regarding the fundamental law of the country. The debate can be traced back to the Royal Proclamation, issued on October 7, 1763, following the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763) wherein France ceded most of New France to Great Britain in favour of keeping Guadeloupe.

Since the enactment of the Constitution Act, 1867, which brought the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia together as Canada, the debate has focused on these issues:

The interpretation of the Constitution

The division of powers between the federal and provincial governments

The type of federalism to be applied within the federation

The way the constitution should be amended

The inclusion of specific civil rights in the constitution
Brattvåg IL
Brattvåg Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from the village of Brattvåg in the municipality of Ålesund in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It has sections for association football and Nordic skiing. The club was established in 1940.

The men's football team currently plays in the 2. divisjon, the third tier of the Norwegian football league system. The team was promoted from the 3. divisjon in 2017 and played last in the 2. divisjon in 1996 and 2016. Their current head coach is Rene Skovdahl. The women's football team plays in the 3. divisjon.

1996 Norwegian Second Division
The 1996 2. divisjon, the third highest association football league for men in Norway.

22 games were played in 6 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Sarpsborg and Runar were promoted to the First Division through playoffs against the other 3 group winners as well as two teams (who both survived) from the First Division. Number eleven and twelve were relegated to the 3. divisjon. The winning teams from each of the 19 groups in the 3. divisjon, plus many number-two teams, were promoted to the 2. divisjon (this was possible because of an enlargement of the 2. divisjon from 6 to 8 groups).
Desfina
Desfina (Greek: Δεσφίνα) is a town and a former municipality in the southern part of Phocis, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Delphi, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 148.992 km2. It is situated on a plateau at 680m elevation, 5 km from the Corinthian Gulf. It is 7 km southeast of Delphi, 9 km east of Itea and 30 km west of Livadeia.

Livadeia
Livadeia (Greek: Λιβαδειά [livaˈðja]; Ancient Greek: Λεβάδεια [lebádeːa]) is a town in central Greece. It is the capital of the Boeotia regional unit. Livadeia lies 90 km (56 mi) north-west of Athens, 64 km (40 mi) west of Chalkida, 63 km (39 mi) south-east of Lamia, 44 km (27 mi) east-south-east of Amfissa, and 91 km (57 mi) east-north-east of Nafpaktos. The town lies some five kilometres (3.1 miles) west of Greek National Road 3, to which it is linked by National Road 48.

The area around Livadeia is mountainous, with farming activities mainly confined to the valleys. The area has traditionally been associated with the production and processing of cotton and tobacco, as well as the cultivation of cereal crops and the raising of livestock. The city also known for having participated in the Trojan War in allegiance with Mycenae.

Livadeia is home to Levadiakos F.C., it currently plays in the Greek Super League.
Bart–Pumphrey syndrome
Bart–Pumphrey syndrome, also known as palmoplantar keratoderma with knuckle pads and leukonychia and deafness) is a cutaneous condition characterized by hyperkeratoses (knuckle pads) over the metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints. It was characterized in 1967. It can be associated with GJB2.

Hyperkeratosis
Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis, or skin), often associated with the presence of an abnormal quantity of keratin, and is usually accompanied by an increase in the granular layer. As the corneum layer normally varies greatly in thickness in different sites, some experience is needed to assess minor degrees of hyperkeratosis.

It can be caused by vitamin A deficiency or chronic exposure to arsenic.

Hyperkeratosis can also be caused by B-Raf inhibitor drugs such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib.

It can be treated with urea-containing creams, which dissolve the intercellular matrix of the cells of the stratum corneum, promoting desquamation of scaly skin, eventually resulting in softening of hyperkeratotic areas.
WBXML
WAP Binary XML (WBXML) is a binary representation of XML. It was developed by the WAP Forum and since 2002 is maintained by the Open Mobile Alliance as a standard to allow XML documents to be transmitted in a compact manner over mobile networks and proposed as an addition to the World Wide Web Consortium's Wireless Application Protocol family of standards. The MIME media type application/vnd.wap.wbxml has been defined for documents that use WBXML.

WBXML is used by a number of mobile phones. Usage includes Exchange ActiveSync for synchronizing device settings, address book, calendar, notes and emails, SyncML for transmitting address book and calendar data, Wireless Markup Language, Wireless Village, OMA DRM for its rights language and Over-the-air programming for sending network settings to a phone.

SyncML
SyncML, or Synchronization Markup Language, was originally developed as a platform-independent standard for information synchronization. Established by the SyncML Initiative, this project has evolved to become a key component in data synchronization and device management. The project is currently referred to as Open Mobile Alliance Data Synchronization and Device Management. The purpose of SyncML is to offer an open standard as a replacement for existing data synchronization solutions; which have mostly been somewhat vendor, application, or operating system specific. SyncML 1.0 specification was released on December 17, 2000, and 1.1 on February 26, 2002.

A SyncML message is a well-formed XML document that adheres to the document type definition (DTD), but which does not require validation.
Frank Holmes (athlete)
Francis LeRoy Holmes (January 23, 1885 – February 14, 1980) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was born in Brazil and died in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California.

In 1908, he finished fourth in the standing high jump competition and sixth in the standing long jump event.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's standing high jump
The men's standing high jump was one of six jumping events on the athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme in London. The competition was held on July 23, 1908. 23 high jumpers from eleven nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Ray Ewry of the United States, his third consecutive victory in the event. Ewry won all eight standing jump events from 1900 to 1908 as well as both events at the 1906 Intercalated Games. Konstantinos Tsiklitiras of Greece took silver, tying with American John Biller. Tsiklitiras was the first non-American to medal in the event; the United States had swept the medals in both 1900 and 1904.
Kieran Lumb
Kieran Lumb (born August 2, 1998) is a Canadian middle- and long-distance runner. He competed collegiately for the UBC Thunderbirds (2016-2020) and the Washington Huskies (2021-2023) before turning professional in April 2023. He holds the Canadian record in the indoor and outdoor 3000 m, having set both records in 2023.

UBC Thunderbirds
The UBC Thunderbirds are the athletic teams that represent the University of British Columbia. In Canadian intercollegiate competition, the Thunderbirds are the most successful athletic program both regionally in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association, and nationally in U Sports, winning 119 national titles. UBC has won an additional 21 national titles competing in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics against collegiate competition from the United States and 43 national titles in sports that compete in independent competitions.
Antoine Hervé
Antoine Hervé (born 20 January 1959 in Paris) is a French composer and pianist.

Hervé studied composition at the Conservatoire national supérieur de musique. Between 1987 and 1989 he was director of the French National Jazz Orchestra.

Next to musicals, soundtracks for movies and dance shows Hervé has composed a concert for trumpet and a piece for drums and orkest. During 1997 Hervé and Markus Stockhausen founded a quintet.

Markus Stockhausen
Markus Stockhausen (born 2 May 1957) is a German trumpeter and composer. His recordings and performances have typically alternated between jazz and chamber or opera music, the latter often in collaboration with his father, composer Karlheinz Stockhausen.