hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Juozas Vitas
Juozas Vitas (real name Juozas Valūnas; 8 January 1899 – 1943) was a Lithuanian communist. In 1942–1943, he organized the anti-German resistance group, Union for the Liberation of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos išlaisvinimo sąjunga), and established contacts with Polish and Jewish underground. These activities were detected by the Gestapo and Vitas was executed. He was recognized as Hero of the Soviet Union in 1965. He was the seventh and last Lithuanian to receive Hero of the Soviet Union for anti-German resistance.

Communist Party of Lithuania
The Communist Party of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos komunistų partija; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Литвы, romanized: Kommunisticheskaya partiya Litvy) is a banned communist party in Lithuania. The party was established in early October 1918 and operated clandestinely until it was legalized in 1940 after the Soviets claimed the Baltics. The party was banned in August 1991, following the coup attempt in Moscow which later led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Lithuanian SSR. It remains illegal in modern day Lithuania and continues to operate, albeit having a negligible presence in Lithuanian politics.
Plauen (Vogtland) Oberer Bahnhof
Plauen (Vogtland) Oberer Bahnhof (Upper station) is the main station of Plauen in the German state of Saxony on the Leipzig–Hof line. It is the main hub of rail traffic in Vogtland. This station is maintained and operated by DB Station&Service.

Vogtland
Vogtland (German: [ˈfoːktlant] ⓘ; Czech: Fojtsko) is a region spanning the German states of Bavaria, Saxony and Thuringia and north-western Bohemia in the Czech Republic.  It overlaps with and is largely contained within Euroregio Egrensis. The name alludes to the former leadership by the Vögte ("advocates" or "lords protector") of Weida, Gera and Plauen.
2018 Philippine third telecommunications provider bidding
A bidding was held in November 2018 to determine the prospective third major telecommunications service provider in the Philippines which is meant by the Philippine government to compete with the existing duopoly of PLDT, Inc.–Smart Communications and Globe Telecom.

The winning firm or consortium was granted a certificate of public convenience and necessity and six radio frequency bands by the Philippine government which would help establish a third major player in the Philippine telecommunications industry.

The Mislatel consortium led by Udenna Corporation and China Telecom was named the provisional winner of the bid on November 7, 2018.

National Telecommunications Commission
The National Telecommunications Commission (NTC; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyon sa Telekomunikasyon) is the telecommunications regulator of the Philippines.

It is an attached agency of the Department of Information and Communications Technology responsible for the supervision, adjudication and control over all telecommunications services and radio and television networks throughout the country.
Samsung Bio Processor
The Samsung Bio Processor is an advanced system logic chip designed by Samsung Electronics in December 2015 that integrates five AFEs including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), photoplethysmogram (PPG), electrocardiogram (ECG), skin temperature, and galvanic skin response (GSR) into a single chip that measures body fat, and skeletal muscle mass, heart rate, heart rhythm, skin temperature and stress level. It is designed for future fitness wearable devices. The chip is also designed to be included in "patches" that track health, and the chip design is available for other companies to use. The chip is designed for low power usage to allow it to be used in small devices with small batteries.

Cardiac conduction system
The cardiac conduction system (CCS, also called the electrical  conduction system of the heart) transmits the signals generated by the sinoatrial node – the heart's pacemaker, to cause the heart muscle to contract, and pump blood through the body's circulatory system. The pacemaking signal travels through the right atrium to the atrioventricular node, along the bundle of His, and through the bundle branches to Purkinje fibers in the walls of the ventricles. The Purkinje fibers transmit the signals more rapidly to stimulate contraction of the ventricles.

The conduction system consists of specialized heart muscle cells, situated within the myocardium. There is a skeleton of fibrous tissue that surrounds the conduction system which can be seen on an ECG. Dysfunction of the conduction system can cause irregular heart rhythms including rhythms that are too fast or too slow.
Polistes biglumis
Polistes biglumis is a species of social wasp within Polistes, the most common genus of paper wasp. It is distinguished mainly by its tendency to reside in montane climates in meadows or alpine areas. Selection pressure from the wasp's environment has led to several idiosyncrasies of its behavior and lifecycle with respect to its relative species in the genus Polistes. It alone among paper wasps is often polyandrous. In addition, it has a truncated nesting season that gives rise to unique competitive dynamics among females of the species. P. biglumis wasps use an odor-based recognition system that is the basis for all wasp-to-wasp interaction of the species. The wasp's lifecycle is highly intertwined with that of Polistes atrimandibularis, an obligate social parasite wasp that frequently invades the combs of P. biglumis wasps.

Homogeneity and heterogeneity
Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image. A homogeneous feature is uniform in composition or character (i.e., color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous is distinctly nonuniform in at least one of these qualities.
1984 NCAA Rifle Championships
The 1984 NCAA Rifle Championships were contested at the fifth annual tournament to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA co-ed collegiate rifle shooting in the United States. The championship was held at Murray State University in Murray, Kentucky.

West Virginia, with a team score of 6,206, won their second consecutive, and second overall, team title, finishing 64 points ahead of East Tennessee State. The Mountaineers were coached by Olympian Edward Etzel.

The individual champions were, for the smallbore rifle, Bob Broughton (West Virginia) and, for the air rifle, Pat Spurgin (Murray State).

Murray, Kentucky
Murray is a home rule-class city in Calloway County, Kentucky, United States. It is the seat of Calloway County and the 19th-largest city in Kentucky. The city's population was 17,307 during the 2020 U.S. census, and its micropolitan area's population is 37,191. Murray is a college town and is the home of Murray State University.
Anita Palermo Kelly
Anita Palermo Kelly (July 27, 1913 – August 15, 1990) was a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from Philadelphia County. She became known for her advocacy work on behalf of people with disabilities and health concerns, as well as senior citizens.

Self-described as "Mother Hubbard" during her legislative years, she was praised by former colleagues, at the time of her death, as "a motherly figure" and "everybody's mom." According to Bob Brady, former U.S. Congressman and chair of Philadelphia's Democratic Party:

"She was as warm as could be. Everything was personal with her. Every constituent who had a problem, she would have him come down and sit in her kitchen. All you had to do is knock on her door, and she'd let you in."

Bob Brady
Robert A. Brady (born April 7, 1945) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district from 1998 to 2019. He was the ranking Democrat and Chairman of the United States House Committee on House Administration from 2007 to 2019. He has served as Chairman of the Philadelphia Democratic Party since 1986 and is a registered lobbyist for NBC Universal and Independence Blue Cross.
Suspension (mechanics)
In mechanics, suspension is a system of components allowing a machine (normally a vehicle) to move smoothly with reduced shock.

Types may include:

car suspension, four-wheeled motor vehicle suspension

motorcycle suspension, two-wheeled motor vehicle suspension
Motorcycle fork, a component of motorcycle suspension system

bicycle suspension

Related concepts include:

Shock absorber

Shock mount

Vibration isolation

Magnetic suspension
Electrodynamic suspension
Electromagnetic suspension

Vibration isolation
Vibration isolation is the prevention of transmission of vibration from one component of a system to other parts of the same system, as in buildings or mechanical systems. Vibration is undesirable in many domains, primarily engineered systems and habitable spaces, and methods have been developed to prevent the transfer of vibration to such systems. Vibrations propagate via mechanical waves and certain mechanical linkages conduct vibrations more efficiently than others. Passive vibration isolation makes use of materials and mechanical linkages that absorb and damp these mechanical waves. Active vibration isolation involves sensors and actuators that produce disruptive interference that cancels-out incoming vibration.
Hell Joseon
Hell Joseon (Korean: 헬조선; RR: Heljoseon; MR: Helchosŏn; lit. Hell Korea) is a satirical South Korean term that became popular around 2015. The term is used to criticize the socioeconomic situation in South Korea. The term first gained popularity among younger Koreans as a result of anxieties and discontentment about unemployment and working conditions in modern South Korean society.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
AT Metro
AT Metro is a public transport brand in Auckland, New Zealand, managed by Auckland Transport (AT). It was launched in December 2014, following the decommissioning of the MAXX brand with updated bus and train liveries, staff uniforms, wayfinding signage and a refreshed external communications identity. In 2023, AT began decommissioning the AT Metro brand, replacing it with the refreshed AT brand identity.

Livery
A livery /ˈlɪvəri/ is an identifying design, such as a uniform, ornament, symbol, or insignia that designates ownership or affiliation, often found on an individual or vehicle. Livery often includes elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or corporate body featured in the livery. Alternatively, some kind of a personal emblem or badge, or a distinctive colour, is featured.

The word itself derives from the French livrée, meaning dispensed, handed over. Most often it would indicate that the wearer of the livery was a servant, dependant, follower or friend of the owner of the livery, or, in the case of objects, that the object belonged to them.

In the late medieval phenomenon of bastard feudalism, livery badges worn by the "retainers" of great lords, sometimes in effect private armies, became a great political concern in England.
Cruel Gun Story
Cruel Gun Story (拳銃残酷物語, Kenjū zankoku monogatari) is a 1964 Japanese heist film directed by Takumi Furukawa.

This film was made available in North America when Janus Films released a special set of Nikkatsu studio's Noir films as part of The Criterion Collection, also including I Am Waiting, Rusty Knife, Take Aim at the Police Van, and A Colt Is My Passport.

In the film, a yakuza boss arranges the prison release of an experienced bank robber. The former convict is asked to lead the team needed to rob an armored truck. Following the heist, the leader is betrayed by the crime boss and his main partner in crime is fatally injured. In retaliation, the leader wants to kidnap the son of the crime boss.

Nikkatsu
Nikkatsu Corporation (日活株式会社, Nikkatsu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese film studio located in Bunkyō. The name Nikkatsu amalgamates the words Nippon Katsudō Shashin, literally "Japan Motion Pictures".

Shareholders are Nippon Television Holdings (35%) and SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (28.4%).
Unkana (planthopper)
Unkana (Matsumura, 1935) is an invalid name for a genus of planthoppers in the family Delphacidae. The genus name Unkana was previously coined for a genus of skipper butterflies, so Matsumura's name is permanently unavailable and invalid under the rules of the ICZN.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Aalter railway station
Aalter is a railway station in Aalter, East Flanders, Belgium.  The station opened on 12 August 1838 on the Line 50A. The train services are operated by NMBS/SNCB.

The current building was built in 1984 by architect Jacques Devincke.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
William Denis Browne
William Charles Denis Browne (3 November 1888 – 4 June 1915), primarily known as Billy to family and as Denis to his friends, was a British composer, pianist, organist and music critic of the early 20th century. He and his close friend, poet Rupert Brooke, were commissioned into the Royal Naval Division together shortly after the outbreak of the First World War.  Denis Browne was killed in action during the Gallipoli Campaign.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.
Silvani
Silvani is a surname of Italian origin. The surname derives from Latin silva (“forest”) and could have been used by the Romans to refer to their slaves that had Transylvanian origin (in modern Romania and Hungary).

Notable people and characters with the surname include:

Al Silvani (1910–1996), American boxing trainer, actor, and stuntman

Aldo Silvani (1891–1964), Italian film actor

Gherardo Silvani (1579–1675), Florentine architect and sculptor of the Baroque era who built Villa di Uligliano also in Tuscany

Marco Silvani, character on Australian soap opera Neighbours

Mary Silvani (1948–1982), American murder victim

Pier Francesco Silvani (1620–1685), Florentine architect of the Baroque era

Walter Silvani (born 1971), Argentine footballer

Al Silvani
Al Silvani (April 26, 1910 – January 10, 1996) was an American boxing trainer and actor.

As one of the most sought-after trainers in the business, Silvani trained over twenty world champions, including Jake LaMotta, Henry Armstrong, Carmen Basilio, Fritzie Zivic, Pone Kingpetch, Rocky Graziano, Ingemar Johansson, and Lou Ambers.

He also had a lengthy career in the film industry as an actor, stunt man, and as a technical advisor—most noteworthy a lead role in Robin and the Seven Hoods. He also appeared in From Here to Eternity, Ocean's 11, Stir Crazy, Every Which Way But Loose, The Gauntlet,  Rocky, Rocky II and Rocky III.

He was a close personal friend of Frank Sinatra and hung out with Sinatra's Rat Pack.

Inducted into the World Boxing Hall of Fame.

2006 California Boxing Hall of Fame Inductee.
Erna Björk Sigurðardóttir
Erna Björk Sigurðardóttir (born 30 December 1982) is an Icelandic former footballer who played as a defender. She was part of Iceland's national team and competed in UEFA Women's Euro 2009. Erna captained Breiðablik. She retired after the 2009 season but her last match was with the national team against Portugal in the 2010 Algarve Cup.

Portugal women's national football team
The Portugal women's national football team (Portuguese: Seleção Portuguesa de Futebol Feminino) represents Portugal in international women's football competition. The team is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) and competes as a member of UEFA in various international football tournaments such as the FIFA Women's World Cup, UEFA Women's Euro, the Summer Olympics, and the Algarve Cup.
Kasper Bai
Kasper Bai (born 1974) is a Danish songwriter, composer, arranger and guitarist.  He was born in Hjørring, studied at the Royal Academy of Music in Aarhus, and now lives and works in Copenhagen.  He is known for his Jazz/Classical crossover orchestral pieces and his modern use of the Danish "Vise" form.  His ensembles include the Kasper Bai Orchestet, the Kasper Bai Kvartet and Cordelia.

Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg
The Royal Academy of Music (Danish: Det Jyske Musikkonservatorium) in Aarhus and Aalborg, Denmark, is a conservatoire and state institution under the auspices of the Danish Ministry of Culture, charged with responsibility for the further education courses in music, and for otherwise contributing to the promotion of musical culture in Denmark. The school is under the patronage of King Frederik X.

The headquarters of the Royal Academy of Music is situated in Aarhus, in a building designed by architectural firm C. F. Møller Architects, completed in 2007. It was built as an extension of Musikhuset Aarhus, the Aarhus Concert Hall.

The new headquarters for the Royal Academy of Music, North Denmark in Aalborg was completed in 2014 and is called Musikkens Hus. It was partially designed by the Scandinavian branch of architectural firm Coop Himmelb(l)au.
Frederick MacSorley
Frederick MacSorley or McSorley FRCPI (1892 – 9 February 1948) was a Belfast-based Irish surgeon and independent member of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland.

He unsuccessfully stood as an independent for Queen's University of Belfast before being elected in July 1945. His initial run for office was seen as encouragement for more Catholics to vote.

Queen's University of Belfast (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)
Queen's University of Belfast was a university constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 until 1969. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote. In 1969 the constituency was abolished under the reforms carried out by the Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Florida
The Diocese of Florida (Latin: Dioecesis Floridensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in southern Uruguay. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province (covering all Uruguay) of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Montevideo.

Its cathedra is a minor basilica, the Catedral Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Luján, dedicated to Our Lady of Luján.

The current bishop, Martín Pablo Pérez Scremini, was appointed in March 2008.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
Jan Raatgever
Jan Adriaan Francois Raatgever (16 June 1907 – 1953) was a Surinamese physician and politician of the NPS.

Raatgever studied at the Geneeskundige School in Paramaribo. In 1934 Raatgever passed both the theoretical and practical surgical exam, and started to work as a physician. At the 1949 Surinamese general election he was elected for the Marowijne District. Major conflicts arose in his party and in 1950 he was one of eight NPS members of the Estates of Suriname to leave the party. He remained a member of the parliament until the general election in 1951. Although he was older than 40, in 1951 he still received a study assignment. He moved to Leiden and became a Doctor of Medicine in July 1952.  On 16 September 1952, he migrated to Florida. Raatgever died in Orange County, Florida in 1953.

1949 Surinamese general election
General elections were held in Surinam on 30 May 1949. The result was a victory for the National Party of Suriname, which won 12 of the 21 seats (and was subsequently joined by the sole independent). Voter turnout was 52%.
Tae-Hye-Ji
Tae-Hye-Ji (Korean: 태혜지) is a coined term and acronym used in South Korean media and popular culture to refer to three actresses: Kim Tae-hee, Song Hye-kyo, and Jun Ji-hyun. The term emerged in the early 2000s to collectively describe the actresses who were identified by The Korea Herald as the representative icons of the Korean Wave (Hallyu) due to their brand recognition and advertising value.

The term has been widely referenced in Korean media coverage discussing celebrity branding and generational comparisons. Media outlets have drawn parallels between this grouping and the "1970s Troika" (Jeong Yun-hui, Chang Mi-hee, and Yu Ji-in), citing Tae-Hye-Ji as a modern continuation of the industry's "troika" tradition.

The Korea Herald
The Korea Herald (Korean: 코리아헤럴드) is a South Korean English-language daily newspaper founded in August 1953 and published in Seoul. The editorial staff is composed of Korean and international writers and editors, with additional news coverage drawn from international news agencies such as the Associated Press.

The Korea Herald is operated by Herald Corporation. Herald Corporation also publishes The Herald Business, a Korean-language business daily, The Junior Herald, an English weekly for teens, The Campus Herald, a Korean-language weekly for university students. Herald Media is also active in the country's booming English as a foreign language sector, operating a chain of hagwon as well as an English village.

The Korea Herald is a member of the Asia News Network.