hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Rollinson Lamb
Charles Rollinson Lamb (1860 – February 22, 1942) was an American architect and sculptor.

Born and raised in New York City, he studied under William Sartain at the Art Students' League. He was a member of his father's firm, the J&R Lamb Studios. He was a founding member of the National Sculpture Society. He was best known for ecclesiastical architecture and memorial and historical art. Lamb was the designer of the Dewey Arch in 1899.

In 1888 he married Ella Condie Lamb with whom he had five children. Ella joined the studio creating stained glass designs and murals.

Lamb designed the World War I memorial in Chelsea Park, Manhattan, with a bronze statue of a soldier by Philip Martiny.

William Sartain
William Sartain (November 21, 1843 – October 25, 1924) was an American artist, known for the moody tonalism of his paintings, and interests and influences that spanned Orientalism and the Barbizon plein air approach to art. Friend to Thomas Eakins,  son of artist John Sartain and brother to artist Emily Sartain, Sartain was one of the founders of the Society of American Artists and later became president of the New York Art Club.
Voiceless alveolar affricate
A voiceless alveolar affricate is a type of affricate consonant pronounced with the tip or blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (gum line) just behind the teeth. There are several types of median affricates with significant perceptual differences:

A voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate [t͡s] is the most common type, similar to the ts in English cats.

A voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate [t͡θ̠] – or [t͡θ͇], using the alveolar diacritic from the extIPA – is somewhat similar to the th in some pronunciations of English eighth. It is found as a regional realization of the sequence /tr/ in some Sicilian dialects of Standard Italian.

A voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [t͡s̺], also called apico-alveolar or grave, has a weak hushing sound reminiscent of retroflex affricates. One language in which it is found is Basque, where it contrasts with a more conventional non-retracted laminal alveolar affricate.

This article discusses the first two.

Abdominal muscles
Abdominal muscles cover the anterior and lateral abdominal region and meet at the anterior midline. These muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall can be divided into four groups: the external obliques, the internal obliques, the transversus abdominis, and the rectus abdominis.
Operation McLain
Operation McLain (also known as Operation Dan Thang) was a security operation conducted during the Vietnam War by the U.S. Army's 3rd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) 44th Regiment, 23rd Division in Bình Thuận Province, South Vietnam from 20 January 1968 to 31 January 1969.

Bình Thuận province
Bình Thuận was a former southernmost coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Lâm Đồng to the north, Ninh Thuận to the northeast, Đồng Nai to the west, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu to the southwest and the South China Sea to the east.

Bình Thuận province is sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of sites of archaeological significance.

On June 12, 2025, Bình Thuận was incorporated into Lâm Đồng province.
Yoshi (video game)
Yoshi, known as Mario & Yoshi in PAL regions, is a 1991 puzzle video game developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System and Game Boy. Both versions were first released simultaneously in Japan on December 14, 1991, and released in all other regions the following year.

In Yoshi, the player is tasked with clearing monsters from the on-screen playing field. The monsters fall in from the top of the screen to build vertical stacks; the player must prevent a stack from growing too high such that it exits the play field. In order to do so, the player swaps and moves the stacks about such that falling monsters collide with identical monsters stationed atop the stacks, causing them to be removed from play. Yoshi offers both a scoring-focused single-player mode and a competitive two-player mode.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
ContraPoints
Natalie Wynn (born October 21, 1988) is an American left-wing YouTuber, political commentator,  cultural critic. She is best known for her YouTube channel, ContraPoints, where she creates video essays exploring topics such as politics, gender, ethics, race, and philosophy.

Her videos often provide counterarguments to right-wing extremists and classical liberals. They comment on modern social issues such as class inequality, transgender rights (as well as LGBTQ rights on the whole), cancel culture, and modern internet culture. Her videos make use of set design, costumes, and characters. Wynn won a Streamy Award for "Commentary" in 2020 and was nominated in the same category at the 2021 Streamy Awards. In 2022, she became an honoree of a Peabody Award.

Video essay
A video essay is an essay presented in the format of a video recording or short film rather than a conventional piece of writing; the form often overlaps with other forms of video entertainment on online platforms such as YouTube. A video essay allows an author to directly quote from film, video games, music, or other digital media, which is impossible with traditional writing. While many video essays are intended for entertainment, they can also have an academic or political purpose. This type of content is often described as educational entertainment.
AEV 3 Kodiak
The AEV 3 Kodiak is a Leopard 2 main battle tank (MBT) based armoured engineering vehicle that can be used for a wide variety of battlefield engineering, infrastructure and support roles. These roles can include, but would not be limited to, minefield breaching, route denial, dozing and digging tasks, and the erection or demolition of obstacles. The vehicle was originally developed for a Swiss Army requirement by the consortium of Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH (Germany) and RUAG Defence (Switzerland).

English nomenclature for the vehicle is now AEV 3 Kodiak, while German is Pionierpanzer 3 (PiPz 3) Kodiak. Depending on user or reference source the AEV 3 Kodiak may also be referred to as Gepanzerte Pioniermaschine Kodiak, AEBV (Armoured Engineering and Breaching Vehicle), Armoured Engineer Vehicle 3 Kodiak, Ingenjörbandvagn 120, or the L2-AEV.

Obstacle
An obstacle (also called a barrier, impediment, or stumbling block) is an object, thing, action or situation that causes an obstruction. A obstacle blocks or hinders our way forward. Different types of obstacles include physical, economic, biopsychosocial, cultural, political, technological and military.
El Zulia ilustrado
El Zulia Ilustrado (The illustrated Zulia) was the first Venezuelan magazine and one of the most prominent in Venezuela in the later 19th century. It was the first Venezuelan periodical that printed illustrations and photographs.

Zulia
Zulia State (Spanish: Estado Zulia, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈsulja]; Wayuu: Mma’ipakat Suuria) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Maracaibo. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 3,704,404, making it the most populous state in the country. Zulia is also notable for being one of the few states in Venezuela where voseo—the use of vos as the second-person singular pronoun—is widespread. The state is coterminous with the eponymous region of Zulia.

Zulia is located in northwestern Venezuela, bordering Lake Maracaibo, the largest body of its kind in Latin America. The lake's basin holds some of the largest oil and gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere.

Zulia is economically significant due to its oil and mineral exploitation, but it is also one of Venezuela's major agricultural regions. The state contributes notably in livestock, bananas, fruits, meat, and milk.
Natale (given name)
Natale is a male given name.

Natale Hans Bellocchi (1926 – 2014), American industrial engineer

Natale Bonifacio (1537/38 – 1592, in Šibenik), producer of engravings and woodcuts in Rome

Natale Borsano

Natale Capellaro (1902 – 1977), Italian mechanical designer of mechanical calculators and honoris causa engineer

Natale Colla

Natale D'Amico

Natale Evola (1907 –1973), New York mobster

Natale Galletta

Natale Gonnella (born 1976), Italian retired footballer

Natale Iamonte (1927 – 2015), Italian criminal and a historical boss of the 'Ndrangheta

Natale Monferrato (1603–1685), Italian baroque composer

Natale Masuccio (between 1561 and 1568 – 1619), Italian architect and Jesuit

Natale Mussini

Natale Rauty

Natale Schiavoni (1777 – 1858), Italian painter and engraver

Natale Bonifacio
Natale Bonifacio de Sebenico (1537/38, in Sebenico – 23 February 1592, Sebenico) was a Venetian producer of engravings and woodcuts in Rome, where he lived and worked for most of his life. His plates are principally etchings. In 1590, he engraved for a book composed by Domenico Fontana, architect to Pope Sixtus V, concerning the laborious engineering of the moving and erection of the Vatican obelisk.
East Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Athletes from East Germany (German Democratic Republic, called DDR in the opening ceremony) competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 297 competitors, 231 men and 66 women, took part in 161 events in 18 sports.

Udo Poser
Udo Poser (born 21 August 1947) is a German former swimmer. He competed at the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay in 1972 by swimming for the East Germany team in the preliminary round. He finished in fifth and sixth place in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay in 1968 and in the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay in 1972, respectively, whereas individually he failed to reach the finals in the 200 m and 400 m freestyle.

He competed at two European championships in 1966 and 1970 and earned eight medals, including three gold medals, and set one world record in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay in 1970. Between 1969 and 1971 he won six national titles in the 100 m and 200 m butterfly events.
HarmonyOS 5
HarmonyOS 5 (also known as HarmonyOS NEXT) developed by Huawei is a proprietary distributed operating system that succeeded the similarly named HarmonyOS, with the main difference that the "NEXT" operating system supports only HarmonyOS native apps. Unlike Android-based HarmonyOS versions 1 to 4 (2019–2024) and the global EMUI operating system, the Next version (first launched on the Pura X) does not include the Android AOSP core and is incompatible with Android applications.

HarmonyOS NEXT both discards the common Unix-like Linux kernel and replaces the previous multikernel system with its own bespoke HarmonyOS microkernel. The rich execution environment (REE) version of the HarmonyOS microkernel is placed at its core, with a single framework as kernel mode. The OpenHarmony-based operating system shares lineage with the lightweight LiteOS real-time operating system for resource-constrained devices like smart wearables and IoT products.

Real-time operating system
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) for real-time computing applications that processes data and events that have critically defined time constraints. A RTOS mainly targets resource constrained devices like microcontrollers. It is distinct from a time-sharing operating system, such as Unix, which manages the sharing of system resources with a scheduler, data buffers, or fixed task prioritization in multitasking or multiprogramming environments. All operations must verifiably complete within given time and resource constraints or else the RTOS will fail safe. Real-time operating systems are event-driven and preemptive, meaning the OS can monitor the relevant priority of competing tasks, and make changes to the task priority.
Fitzgerald Nunataks
The Fitzgerald Nunataks (66°15′S 52°49′E﻿ / ﻿66.250°S 52.817°E﻿ / -66.250; 52.817) are three isolated nunataks 2 nautical miles (4 km) north of Mount Codrington, at the northwest end of the Napier Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. They were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named "Veslenutane" (the little peaks). They were photographed from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956 and renamed by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Brigadier L. Fitzgerald, Director of Survey in the Australian Army, 1942–60.

Napier Mountains
The Napier Mountains are a group of close set peaks, the highest being Mount Elkins, at about 2,300 meters above sea level. This mountain range is located in Enderby Land, in the claimed Australian Antarctic Territory, East Antarctica.
Poul Henningsens Plads station
Poul Henningsens Plads station is an underground Copenhagen Metro station located close to Poul Henningsens Plads in the Østerbro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. The station is on the City Circle Line (M3), between Trianglen and Vibenshus Runddel, and is in Zone 2. It is situated at the corner of Tåsingegade and Reersøgade with a main entrance that faces Jagtvej.

Østerbro
Østerbro (Danish pronunciation: [ˈøstɐˌpʁoˀ]) is one of the 10 official districts of Copenhagen Municipality, Denmark. It is located just north of the city centre, outside the old city gate Østerport which, after it was moved around 1700, used to be located close to present-day Østerport Station. From the beginning, Østerbro has been a wealthy district, and it remains one of the most affluent areas in Copenhagen.
Canton of Aiguilles
The canton of Aiguilles is a former administrative division in southeastern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 7 communes, which joined the canton of Guillestre in 2015. It had 2,145 inhabitants (2012).

The canton comprised the following communes:

Abriès

Aiguilles

Arvieux

Château-Ville-Vieille

Molines-en-Queyras

Ristolas

Saint-Véran

Ristolas
Ristolas is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Abriès-Ristolas. The village lies in the Queyras, in the northwestern part of the commune, on the left bank of the Guil, which has its source in the southeastern part of the commune.
Paweł Baumann
Paweł Baumann (11 June 1983 – 21 October 2016) was a Polish sprint canoer, born in Poznań, who competed since the early 2000s until his death. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two silvers (K-4 1000 m: 2006, 2007), and a bronze (K-4 500 m: 2006, K-4 1000 m: 2005).

Baumann also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of sixth in the K-4 1000 m event at Beijing in 2008.

Baumann died on 21 October 2016 at a construction site where he worked.  He was 33.

2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Szeged, Hungary, from August 17 to 20 2006. This was the second time the city had hosted the championships, doing so previously in 1998.

Men race as individuals, pairs and quads over 200 m, 500 m and 1000 m in both Canoe (Canadian) (C) and Kayak (K) events, giving a total of 18 gold medals. Women compete for only 9 gold medals as they race in kayak events only.

This was the 35th championships in canoe sprint.
Estonian Underwater Federation
Estonian Underwater Federation (abbreviation EUF; Estonian: Eesti Allveeliit) is one of the sport governing bodies in Estonia which deals with underwater sports.

EUF is a member of World Underwater Federation (CMS) and Estonian Olympic Committee.

Underwater sports
Underwater sports is a group of competitive sports using one or a combination of the following underwater diving techniques - breath-hold, snorkelling or scuba, usually including the use of equipment such as diving masks and fins. These sports are conducted in the natural environment at sites such as open water and sheltered or confined water such as lakes and in artificial aquatic environments such as swimming pools.  Underwater sports include the following - aquathlon (i.e. underwater wrestling),  finswimming, freediving, spearfishing, sport diving, underwater football, underwater hockey, underwater ice hockey, underwater orienteering, underwater photography, underwater rugby, underwater target shooting and underwater video.
Malapterurus thysi
Malapterurus thysi is a species of electric catfish endemic to the Ivory Coast, where it occurs in the Cess (Nipoué) and Cavally river basins. This species grows to a length of 24 centimetres (9.4 in) SL.

Cavalla River
The Cavalla River (also known as the Cavally, the Youbou and the Diougou) is a river in West Africa, rising north of Mont Nimba in Guinea, flowing through Ivory Coast and back to the border with Ivory Coast. It ends in the Gulf of Guinea, situated 21 km (13 mi) east of Harper, Liberia. It forms the southern two-thirds of the international boundary between Liberia and Ivory Coast.

It has a length of 515 kilometers (320 mi), and is the longest river in Liberia. The name is derived from the cavalla horse mackerel found at its mouth. It is home to the endemic Chiloglanis normani.
Sierra Crest
The Sierra Crest is a roughly 500 mi (800 km) generally north-to-south ridgeline that demarcates the broad west and narrow east slopes of the Sierra Nevada and that extends as far east as the Sierra's topographic front (e.g., Diamond Mountains and Sierran escarpment).  The northern and central Sierra Crest sections coincide with over 300 mi (480 km) of the Great Basin Divide,  and the southern crest demarcates Tulare and Inyo counties and extends through Kern County to meet the Tehachapi crest.  The Sierra Crest also forms two paths (bifurcates) around endorheic cirques (e.g., Cup Lake) between the west and east Sierra slopes.

Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a crest route along the Sierras.  He was instrumental in envisioning, exploring, and establishing the route of what became the John Muir Trail from Yosemite Valley along the crest of the Sierra Nevada to Mount Whitney.

Theodore Solomons
Theodore Seixas Solomons (1870–1947) was an American explorer and early member of the Sierra Club.  From 1892 to 1897 he explored and named the Mount Goddard, Evolution Valley and Evolution Basin region in what is now northern Kings Canyon National Park in eastern California.  He was instrumental in envisioning, exploring, and establishing the route of what became the John Muir Trail from Yosemite Valley along the crest of the Sierra Nevada to Mount Whitney
Beira (Portugal)
Beira (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɐjɾɐ]) was one of the six traditional provinces or comarcas of Portugal.

The territorial extension is different from that of the area called the Beiras, which refers to three provinces of 1936, Beira Alta, Beira Baixa and Beira Litoral.

Beira Interior Sul
Beira Interior Sul (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɐjɾɐ ĩtɨɾiˈoɾ ˈsul]) is a former NUTS3 subregion of Portugal integrating the NUTS2 Centro Region. It was abolished at the January 2015 NUTS 3 revision. It was bordered to the east and south by Spain, to the north by the Cova da Beira and Beira Interior Norte subregions and to the west by the Pinhal Interior Sul subregion. It was created around the city of Castelo Branco (pop. 32,000).

The main economic activity is agriculture and some related light industry. In its borders lies the International Tagus Natural Park that is one of the least densely populated areas in Portugal.

The subregion covers an area of 3,738 km2 for a population of 75,925 inhabitants and an overall density of 20,3 inhabitants/km2 (the third least densely populated Portuguese NUTS3 subregions)
Too Romantic
Too Romantic is a 1992 dramatic short film that Todd Field created while a fellow at the AFI Conservatory. It was his directorial debut. It is a dramatic piece about a fifteen-year-old boy taking a road trip with his recently widowed grandmother. The piece is notable in that it was Field's first project as a writer/director and his first introduction to many of the collaborators he continued to work with on subsequent projects, including his Academy Award-nominated  features In the Bedroom and Little Children.

AFI Conservatory
The AFI Conservatory is a private non-profit graduate film school in the Hollywood Hills district of Los Angeles. Students (called "Fellows") learn from the masters in a collaborative, hands-on production environment with an emphasis on storytelling. The Conservatory is a program of the American Film Institute founded in 1969.
Hridaya Shanker Singh
Hridaya Shanker Singh is the first Vice Chancellor of Maa Shakumbhari University in Uttar Pradesh where he is serving from 31 December 2021.

Before this Prof. H S Singh retired as a Professor from the Zoology Department of Chaudhary Charan Singh University where he served from 1983 till 2021. He has been Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Controller of Examinations at Chaudhary Charan Singh University and former Director at Sir Chhotu Ram Engineering College . He is from small town, Bridgmanganj of district Maharajganj in Uttar Pradesh.

Chaudhary Charan Singh University
Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCS University), formerly Meerut University, is a public state university located in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The university was established in 1965. It was later renamed to its current name after Chaudhary Charan Singh, former Prime minister of India. The university celebrated its silver jubilee in 1991.
East–West Highway
The following roads are called the East-West Highway or a variant:

East–West Highway (Malaysia)

East-West Highway (Nepal)

East–West Motorway (Romania)

East–West Highway (Algeria)

United States:
East-West Expressway (Miami), Florida, now known as the Dolphin Expressway (SR 836)
East-West Expressway (Orlando), Florida (SR 408)
East-West Highway (Harford County, Maryland), northeast of Baltimore
East-West Highway (Maryland suburbs), near Washington, D.C.
East-West Highway (New England), a proposal across northern New England

East–West Highway (Malaysia)
East–West Highway (Malay: Lebuhraya Timur–Barat or Jalan Raya Timur–Barat, (JRTB)) or also known as Gerik–Jeli Highway (Phase 1), Kulim–Baling Highway and Titi Karangan–Gerik Highway (both are part of Phase 2), Federal Route 4, Asian Highway Route 140 is the 215 kilometres (134 mi) federal highway constructed by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR) to shorten the journey from Kota Bharu, Kelantan to northwestern towns and cities of Malaysia such as Alor Star, Kedah and Penang. The highway connects Gerik, Perak in the west to Jeli, Kelantan in the east, before being extended further to Lunas, Kedah.