hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Theodore Hartridge Willard
Theodore Hartridge Willard was a sheriff, mayor, state legislator, and merchant in Florida. He lived in High Springs, Florida. He served as a Captain with a volunteer company of Confederates in Florida during the American Civil War. He was involved in a contested election in 1881 for a Florida Senate seat. He prevailed and served in the Florida Senate representing Madison County, Florida.

He testified that "colored" women and daughters threatened to hurt their husbands and fathers if they did not vote for Republicans.

The Florida Archives have photos of him with an African American child he "raised". and an 1898 wedding photo with Roberta Brown in High Springs, Florida. The archives also include a photograph of his 3 year-old son Theodore Hartridge Willard Jr. dressed up for a Confederate soldier reunion event.

State Library and Archives of Florida
The State Library and Archives of Florida is a government library with historically significant records of Florida such as private manuscripts and correspondence, local government records, photographs, maps, film clips, and materials that complement the official state records and Florida history.

Located at the R.A. Gray Building on 500 South Bronough Street in Tallahassee, Florida, Florida's capital, it is mandated by state law.

Many photos from the Florida Photographic Collection are used frequently for articles on Wikipedia and assist users in describing events in Florida history. A selection of archival items from the State Library and Archives are available through the digital outreach program Florida Memory.
Christopher Mann (composer)
Christopher Mann (born 1965) is a British composer and began his career by contributing to independent films such as Hard Grit. He founded an audio production company in 1997 called Mann Music specialising in music and sound for video games and other media.

In 2001, Mann received a BAFTA nomination as composer and producer of the score for Independence War 2: Edge of Chaos. In 2005, Mann worked with Aardman Animations and David Braben on the game score for Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit. In 2007 he scored Braben's The Outsider. He has also worked with games by Lucas Arts, Konami, and Ubisoft.

Aardman Animations
Aardman Animations Limited, known simply as Aardman, is a British animation studio based in Bristol, England. It is known for films and television series made using stop-motion and clay animation techniques, particularly those featuring its plasticine characters from Wallace & Gromit,
Chicken Run, Shaun the Sheep, and Morph. After some experimental computer-animated short films during the late 1990s, beginning with Owzat (1997), Aardman entered the computer animation market with Flushed Away (2006). As of February 2020, it had earned $1.1 billion worldwide, with an average $135.6 million per film. Between 2000 and 2006, Aardman collaborated with DreamWorks Animation.

Aardman's films have been consistently well-received. Their stop-motion films are among the highest-grossing produced, with their 2000 debut, Chicken Run, being their top-grossing film, as well as the highest-grossing stop-motion film of all time. A sequel, Chicken Run: Dawn of the Nugget, was released in 2023.
Ian Stokes
Ian William Edward Stokes (born 22 February 1964) is a former English cricketer.  Stokes was a left-handed batsman.  He was born in Solihull, Warwickshire.

Stokes made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1997 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Buckinghamshire.  Stokes played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1997 to 1998, which included 6 Minor Counties Championship matches and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1997, he made his List A debut against Nottinghamshire in the NatWest Trophy.  He played a further List A match against Leicestershire in the 1998 NatWest Trophy. In his 2 List A matches, he scored 22 runs at an average of 11.00, with a high score of 18.

Buckinghamshire County Cricket Club
Buckinghamshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty National County clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Buckinghamshire.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Buckinghamshire played List A matches occasionally from 1965 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays its matches around the county at various locations including at Wormsley on the Getty Estate. Until 1979 it played regularly at Ascott Park, the home of the Rothschild family which was prominent in the club's foundation.
Excelsior JET
Excelsior JET is a now-defunct proprietary Java SE technology implementation built around an ahead-of-time (AOT) Java to native code compiler. The compiler transforms the portable Java bytecode into optimized executables for the desired hardware and operating system (OS). Also included are a Java runtime featuring a just-in-time (JIT) compiler for handling classes that were not precompiled for whatever reason (e.g. third-party plugins or dynamic proxies), the complete Java SE API implementation licensed from Oracle, and a toolkit to aid deployment of the optimized applications. Excelsior JET was developed by Excelsior LLC, headquartered in Novosibirsk, Russia.

Software portability
Software portability is a design objective for source code to be easily made to run on different platforms. An aid to portability is the generalized abstraction between the application logic and system interfaces. When software with the same functionality is produced for several computing platforms, portability is the key issue for development cost reduction.
Gradišče nad Prvačino
Gradišče nad Prvačino (pronounced [ɡɾaˈdiːʃtʃɛ nat pəɾˈʋaːtʃinɔ]; Italian: Gradiscutta in Val Vipacco) is a village in western Slovenia in the Municipality of Nova Gorica. It is located in the Vipava Valley in the Gorizia region and is a satellite settlement of Prvačina.

Vipava Valley
The Vipava Valley (pronounced [ʋiˈpaːʋa]; Slovene: Vipavska dolina, German: Wippachtal, Italian: Valle del Vipacco) is a valley in the Slovenian Littoral, roughly between the village of Podnanos to the east and the border with Italy to the west. The main towns are Ajdovščina and Vipava.
Knysh
Knysh (Ukrainian: Книш) is a Ukrainian-language surname derived from the name of knysh, a traditional pastry. Notable people with this surname include:

Danylo Knysh (born 1996), Ukrainian football midfielder

Myhaylo Knysh (born 1983), Ukrainian sprinter

Olha Knysh (born 1995), former female alpine skier from Ukraine

Renald Knysh (1931–2019), Soviet and Belarusian coach in artistic gymnastics

Valentin Knysh (1937–2022), Russian politician

Volodymyr Knysh (born 1970), former Soviet and Ukrainian footballer

Volodymyr Knysh
Volodymyr Knysh (Ukrainian: Володимир Миколайович Книш; born 24 December 1970 Dnipropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR) is a former Soviet and Ukrainian footballer and Ukrainian football coach who managed Naftovyk-Ukrnafta Okhtyrka.
Perth Carriage Servicing Depot
Perth Carriage Servicing Depot is a depot and stabling point located in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. The depot is on the eastern side of the Highland Main Line, adjacent to Perth station.

The depot code is PH.

Highland Main Line
The Highland Main Line is a railway line in Scotland. It is 118 mi (190 km) long and runs through the central Scottish Highlands, mainly following the route of the A9, and linking a series of small towns and villages with Perth at one end and Inverness at the other. Today, services between Inverness and Edinburgh, Glasgow and London use the line. At Inverness the line connects with the Far North Line, the Aberdeen-Inverness Line and the Kyle of Lochalsh Line.

Much of the Highland Main Line is single track, and trains coming in opposite directions are often timed to arrive at stations at the same time, where crossing loops permit them to pass. Journey times between Inverness and Edinburgh or Glasgow are approximately three and a half hours.
ELB-139
ELB-139 (LS-191,811) is an anxiolytic drug with a novel chemical structure, which is used in scientific research. It has similar effects to benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic.

ELB-139 is a subtype-selective partial agonist at GABAA receptors, with highest affinity for the α3 subtype, but highest efficacy at α1 and α2. It has primarily anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects, but produces little sedative effects or ataxia, and has also been demonstrated in rats to increase serotonin levels in the striatum and prefrontal cortex, without affecting dopamine levels. It has been proposed as a possible candidate for a novel non-sedating anxiolytic or anticonvulsant drug for use in humans The sponsor elbion AG registered a clinical trial in  ClinicalTrials.gov
for the treatment of anxiety associated with panic disorder but the results have not been reported. It was developed by Arzneimittelwerk Dresden in the 1990s.

Efficacy
Efficacy is the ability to perform a task to a satisfactory or expected degree. The word comes from the same roots as effectiveness, and it has often been used synonymously, although in pharmacology a distinction is now often made between efficacy and effectiveness.

The word efficacy is used in pharmacology and medicine to refer both to the maximum response achievable from a pharmaceutical drug in research settings, and to the capacity for sufficient therapeutic effect or beneficial change in clinical settings.
Philippe Lefebvre (editor)
Philippe Lefebvre is a Canadian film editor from Quebec. He is most noted for his work on the film Scratches of Life: The Art of Pierre Hébert (Graver l'homme: arrêt sur Pierre Hébert), for which he received a Prix Iris nomination for Best Editing in a Documentary at the 26th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2024.

His other credits have included the films In the Jam Jar and Perséides.

Prix Iris for Best Editing in a Documentary
The Prix Iris for Best Editing in a Documentary (French: Prix Iris du Meilleur montage d'un long métrage documentaire) is an annual film award, presented by Québec Cinéma as part of its Prix Iris awards program, to honour the year's best film editing in documentary films made within the Cinema of Quebec.

The award was presented for the first time at the 19th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2017.
2012 Italian Open – Women's singles
Defending champion Maria Sharapova defeated Li Na in the final, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5) to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2012 Italian Open. She came back from a set and a double break deficit in the second set of the final, and saved a championship point in the third set.

Olga Govortsova
Olga Alekseyevna Govortsova (Belarusian: Вольга Аляксееўна Гаварцова (Volha Alyakseyeuna Havartsova); Ольга Алексеевна Говорцова; born 23 August 1988) is a Belarusian inactive professional tennis player. On 23 June 2008, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 35. On 29 August 2011, she peaked at No. 24 in the doubles rankings.
Richthofen Pass
Richthofen Pass (66°1′S 62°42′W﻿ / ﻿66.017°S 62.700°W﻿ / -66.017; -62.700) is a pass, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) wide, between Mount Fritsche and the rock wall north of McCarroll Peak, on the east coast of Graham Land. Discovered and photographed in 1902 by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Nordenskjold, who named it Richthofen Valley for Baron Ferdinand von Richthofen, German geographer and geologist. The feature was found to be a pass by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955.

Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1901–1903 was a scientific expedition led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen. It was the first Swedish endeavour to Antarctica in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.
Oswaldo de la Cruz
Oswaldo de la Cruz Vásquez (born 5 October 1940) is a Peruvian former Fujimorist politician and Congressman, elected in the 2006 elections to represent the Pasco Region under the Alliance for the Future party for the 2006–2011 term. In the 1998 municipal elections, de la Cruz was elected as the Provincial Mayor of Pasco under the Vamos Vecino party, close to-then President Alberto Fujimori and served from 1999 to 2002. De la Cruz belongs to the Alliance for the Future. During his tenure as a congressman, he participated in the formulation of 194 bills, of which 45 were promulgated as laws of the republic.

Department of Pasco
Pasco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpasko]; Quechua: Pasqu) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's central highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Cerro de Pasco.
Massachusetts Maritime Buccaneers
The Massachusetts Maritime Buccaneers (also called the Mass Maritime Buccaneers) are composed of 15 varsity teams (7 men's 7 women's 1 co-ed) representing the Massachusetts Maritime Academy in intercollegiate athletics. All teams compete at the NCAA Division III level and all teams compete in the Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference (MASCAC), except for men's lacrosse, which plays in the Little East Conference (LEC), and sailing, which competes in the New England Intercollegiate Sailing Association (NEISA).

Massachusetts Maritime Academy
Massachusetts Maritime Academy (Mass Maritime, MMA) is a public university in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, focused on maritime-related fields. It was established in 1891 and is the second oldest state maritime academy in the United States. Originally established to graduate deck and engineering officers for the U.S. Merchant Marine, the academy has since expanded its curriculum. Though not required, many graduates go on to serve in the Merchant Marine or active and reserve components of the U.S. Armed Forces.
St Doged's Church, Llanddoged
St Doged's Church is a Grade II* listed medieval church in the village of Llanddoged, Conwy, Wales. The present building is built atop a pre-Christian burial mound and replaced an earlier church on the same site, originally built to house the remains of Saint Doged.

Conwy County Borough
Conwy County Borough (Welsh: Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy) is a county borough in the north of Wales. It borders Gwynedd to the west and south and Denbighshire to the east. The largest settlement is Colwyn Bay, and Conwy is the administrative centre.

Conwy has an area of 1,126 square kilometres (435 sq mi) and a population of 114,891 in 2024, making it sparsely populated. The population is concentrated along the coast, along which are several seaside resorts and the county's largest towns: Colwyn Bay (34,284), Llandudno (20,701), and Conwy (14,753). Inland is much less populous, and the only town is Llanrwst (3,323).
Dissolution of Gran Colombia
The dissolution of Gran Colombia and the disintegration of its political structures and central government created three independent countries: the State of Venezuela, the Republic of Ecuador, and the Republic of New Granada.

The main ideological leader of Gran Colombia was Simón Bolívar, known as the Liberator, who had wanted to create a nation strong enough to maintain its independence and compete economically with the European powers. It was the most ambitious dream of unity in Latin America.

Domingo Caycedo
Domingo de Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría (August 4, 1783 – July 1, 1843) was a Colombian statesman who served as the vice president of Gran Colombia and the Republic of New Granada. He served as acting President of Colombia a total of eleven times, the most terms any president has served to date. He is also credited for creating the Republic of New Granada after the division of Venezuela and Ecuador.
Circle packing
In geometry, circle packing is the study of the arrangement of circles (of equal or varying sizes) on a given surface such that no overlapping occurs and so that no circle can be enlarged without creating an overlap. The associated packing density, η, of an arrangement is the proportion of the surface covered by the circles. Generalisations can be made to higher dimensions – this is called sphere packing, which usually deals only with identical spheres.

The branch of mathematics generally known as "circle packing" is concerned with the geometry and combinatorics of packings of arbitrarily-sized circles: these give rise to discrete analogs of conformal mapping, Riemann surfaces and the like.

Packing density
A packing density or packing fraction of a packing in some space is the fraction of the space filled by the figures making up the packing. In simplest terms, this is the ratio of the volume of bodies in a space to the volume of the space itself. In packing problems, the objective is usually to obtain a packing of the greatest possible density.
Ghana at the 2019 African Games
Ghana competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. Ghana competed in 14 sports. Ghana's participation was made possible by financial support from the Ghanaian government. In total, athletes representing Ghana won two gold medals, two silver medals and nine bronze medals and the country finished in 15th place in the medal table.

Deborah Acquah
Deborah Acquah (born May 23, 1996) is a Ghanaian Long jumper. She has competed at world championships, most recently at the 2019 African Games in Rabat, Morocco. She is the current holder of Ghana's indoor long and triple jump records.
Beneficência Portuguesa de Porto Alegre
The Beneficência Portuguesa de Porto Alegre, originally Sociedade Beneficente e Hospitalar da Colônia Portuguesa de Porto Alegre (English: Hospital and Charitable Society of the Portuguese Colony of Porto Alegre), is a Brazilian philanthropic hospital institution in the city of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul.

It is located at 270 Independência Avenue, in the Independência neighborhood. In 1977, the historical building was included by the City Hall in the Inventory of Real Estate Assets of Historical and Cultural Value and of Expressive Tradition.

Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or/and neurological surgery, also known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery as a medical specialty also includes non-surgical management of some neurological conditions.
Black, White & Gray - Love Kills
Black, White & Gray – Love Kills is a 2025 Hindi-language Indian Mockumentary Crime thriller web series streaming on SonyLIV. It is directed by Pushkar Sunil Mahabal and produced by Swaroop Sampat and Hemal Thakkar.

It stars Mayur More, Palak Jaiswal, Hakkim Shahjahan, Deven Bhojani, Tigmanshu Dhulia and the series is released on 2 May 2025.

SonyLIV
Sony LIV is an Indian subscription video-on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Culver Max Entertainment. Sony LIV was introduced in 2013 as the first OTT service in India. As a streaming service, it provides live sports, original titles, other content titles from its own networks and content titles in India licensed from third-parties such as JioHotstar, Netflix among others. The Sony LIV content library includes films, TV shows and series, and sports.
People's Guard (1942–1944)
The People's Guard (GL; Polish: Gwardia Ludowa; Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡvardja luˈdɔva]) was a communist partisan force of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) active in Occupied Poland during World War II from 1942 to 1944.

The Gwardia Ludowa was established with sponsorship from the Soviet Union to support the Red Army and Polish communists against Nazi Germany. It became the largest partisan force in Poland which refused to join the structures of the Polish Underground State loyal to the London-based Polish government-in-exile. The Gwardia Ludowa was incorporated into the larger Armia Ludowa in January 1944.

Jewish partisans
Jewish partisans were fighters in irregular military groups participating in the Jewish resistance movement against Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II.

A number of Jewish partisan groups operated across Nazi-occupied Europe, some made up of a few escapees from the Jewish ghettos or concentration camps, while others, such as Bielski partisans, numbered in the hundreds and included women and children. They were most numerous in Eastern Europe, but groups also existed in occupied France and Belgium, where they worked with the local resistance. Many individual Jewish fighters took part in the other partisan movements in other occupied countries. In total, the Jewish partisans numbered between 20,000 and 30,000.
Shili
Shili (Kazakh: Шилі; Russian: Шили) is a village in Naurzum District, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of the Shili Rural District (KATO code - 395859100). Population: 697 (2009 census results); 1,143 (1999 census results).

Kostanay Region
Kostanay Region (Kazakh: Қостанай облысы, romanized: Qostanai oblysy) is a region of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is the city of Kostanay.  The population of the region is 835,686.  The population living in Kostanay is 207,000, which is equivalent to 23% of the region.
Kisimngiuqtuq Peak
Kisimngiuqtuq Peak is a mountain in Qikiqtaaluk, Nunavut, Canada. It is associated with the Baffin Mountains on Baffin Island. It is the tenth highest peak in Nunavut and the eleventh highest peak in Nunavut by topographic prominence.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Rob Borbidge
Robert Edward Borbidge (born 12 August 1954) is an Australian former politician who served as the 35th Premier of Queensland from 1996 to 1998. He was the leader of the Queensland branch of the National Party from 1991 to 2001, and was the last member of that party to serve as premier, as it merged to become the Liberal National Party of Queensland in 2008.

His term as premier was contemporaneous with the rise of the One Nation Party of Pauline Hanson, which would see him lose office within two years. Borbidge was the member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Surfers Paradise from 1980 to 2001 and served as a minister in the Ahern and Cooper governments.

Goss ministry
The Goss Ministry was a Ministry of the Government of Queensland, led by Labor Premier Wayne Goss. It commenced on 7 December 1989, five days after the Cooper Ministry, led by Premier Russell Cooper of the National Party, was defeated at the 1989 election. The Goss Ministry was followed by the Borbidge Ministry on 19 February 1996 following the loss by Labor of the Mundingburra by-election two weeks earlier, which deprived the Government of its majority.
Ciudad del Saber
8°59′56″N 79°34′59″W﻿ / ﻿8.999°N 79.583°W﻿ / 8.999; -79.583

Panama's Ciudad del Saber (Spanish for City of Knowledge) is a government-sponsored cluster of academic organizations, technology companies and non-governmental organizations, managed by the foundation of the same name. It is located just across the Miraflores locks, in what used to be United States Army South headquarters, Fort Clayton, now known simply as Clayton.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.