hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
K. Sarveswaran
Arumugam Kandiah Sarveswaran (Tamil: ஆறுமுகம் கந்தையா சர்வேஸ்வரன், romanized: Āṟumukam Kantaiyā Carvēsvaraṉ) is a Sri Lankan Tamil politician and provincial minister.

Sarveswaran is the brother of Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front leader Suresh Premachandran.

Sarveswaran contested the 2013 provincial council election as one of the Tamil National Alliance's candidates in Jaffna District and was elected to the Northern Provincial Council. After the election he was appointed to assist the Chief Minister on economic planning. He took his oath as provincial councillor in front of attorney-at-law K. Thayaparan at Vavuniya on 16 October 2013.

Sarveswaran was sworn in as Minister of Education, Sports and Youth Affairs and Cultural Affairs in front of Governor Reginald Cooray on 29 June 2017.

2013 Sri Lankan provincial council elections
Provincial council elections were held in Sri Lanka on 21 September 2013 to elect 148 members to three of the nine provincial councils in the country. 4.4 million Sri Lankans were eligible to vote in the election. Elections to the remaining six provincial councils were not due as they had their last election in 2009 or 2012. This was the first provincial council election in the Northern Province in 25 years.

The United People's Freedom Alliance's domination of Sri Lankan elections continued as expected. It retained control of two provincial councils (Central and North Western) but the Tamil National Alliance won control of the first Northern Provincial Council.
Gene Damschroder
Eugene E. "Gene" Damschroder (January 14, 1922 – June 8, 2008) was an American politician and aviator. He was member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1973 to 1983. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Damschroder flew seaplanes for the U.S. Navy during World War II.

Damschroder was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1972, representing Fremont in the 85th District from 1973 to 1983.

Damschroder tried to regain his seat, now the 81st District, in Republican primary elections in 2002 and 2008.

On June 8, 2008, Damschroder was killed when the single engine Cessna aircraft he was flying crashed with five other persons on board.

Fremont, Ohio
Fremont is a city in Sandusky County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Sandusky River about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Toledo and 25 miles (40 km) west of Sandusky. The population was 15,930 at the 2020 census.

The city was the home of Rutherford B. Hayes, who served as President of the United States from 1877 to 1881. The Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center was the first presidential library and is one of the focal points of the city. The National Arbor Day Foundation has designated Fremont as a Tree City USA since 1986.
Taiwan TG Butterfly Garden
Taiwan TG Butterfly Garden (Chinese: 台灣TG蝶園; pinyin: Táiwān TG diéyuán), established in 2000,	is the first formal transgender support group in Taiwan. Many members are transsexual; others identify as crossdressers, and others might be described as questioning or transgressive.

The organization served as flag guards at 2005 Taiwan Pride, and demanded amendments for gender equality in employment law, along with the Awakening Foundation, Gender/Sexuality Rights Association Taiwan and Taiwan Tongzhi Hotline Association.

The name 'butterfly' was inspired by a mixed gender butterfly.

In 2017 the organization entered hibernation,
but the Haori Transgender Hotline they had established back in 2008
continued to operate.

Labour law
Labour laws (also spelled as labor laws), labour code or employment laws are laws that mediate the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions, and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer, and union.

Individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work also through the contract for work. Employment standards are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work. Government agencies (such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislature, regulatory, or judicial).
Cornwall Domesday Book tenants-in-chief
The Domesday Book of 1086 lists in the following order the tenants-in-chief in Cornwall of King William the Conqueror:

Osbern FitzOsbern (died 1103), Bishop of Exeter

Tavistock Church, Devon

The churches of various saints
St Michael's Church
Canons of St Stephen's
St Petroc's Church, Bodmin
Canons of St Achebran's
Canons of Probus
Canons of St Carantoc's
Canons of St Piran's
Canons of St Buryan's
Clergy of St Neot

Robert, Count of Mortain (died 1090), half-brother of the king

Juhel de Totnes (died 1123/30), feudal baron of Totnes

Gotshelm, brother of Walter de Claville

St Neot, Cornwall
St Neot (/ˈniːʊt/ NEE-uut) (Cornish: Loveni) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The parish population at the 2011 census was 947. It is between the towns of Bodmin and Liskeard.

The parish is named after the Saxon monk, Saint Neot (who also gives his name to St Neots in Cambridgeshire, to where his alleged bones were taken in the early Middle Ages), and means "pleasant (or beautiful) pasture (or habitation)" in Hebrew. On the northern side the parish includes part of Bodmin Moor and hamlets in the parish include Draynes, Ley and Pantersbridge.
Variovorax guangxiensis
Variovorax guangxiensis is an aerobic bacterium from the genus of Variovorax which has been isolated from rhizosphere soil of a banana tree (Musa paradisiaca) from Guangxi in China. Variovorax guangxiensis produces 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.

Musa × paradisiaca
Musa × paradisiaca is a species as well as a cultivar, originating as the hybrid between Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana, cultivated and domesticated by humans very early. Most cultivated bananas and plantains are polyploid cultivars either of this hybrid or of M. acuminata alone. Linnaeus originally used the name M. paradisiaca only for plantains or cooking bananas, but the modern usage includes hybrid cultivars used both for cooking and as dessert bananas. Linnaeus's name for dessert bananas, Musa sapientum, is thus a synonym of Musa × paradisiaca.
Morgan State University
Morgan State University (Morgan State or MSU) is a public historically black research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is the third largest among all Historically Black Colleges or Universities (HBCUs). In 1890, the university, then known as the Centenary Biblical Institute, changed its name to honor Lyttleton Morgan, the first chairman of its board of trustees and a donor. It became a university in 1975.

Although a public institution, Morgan State is not a part of the University System of Maryland. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education
The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, or simply the Carnegie Classification, is a framework for classifying colleges and universities in the United States. It was created in 1970 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. It is managed by the American Council on Education.

The framework primarily serves educational and research purposes, where it is often important to identify groups of roughly comparable institutions. The classification generally focuses on types of degrees awarded and related level of activity such as research. The classification includes all accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities in the United States that are represented in the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).
Gilbert Talbot (soldier)
Sir Gilbert Talbot of Grafton, KG (1452 – 16 August 1517 or 19 September 1518), was an English Tudor knight, and younger son of John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury and 2nd Earl of Waterford, and Elizabeth Butler.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Abisares
Abisares (or Abhisara; in Greek Ἀβισάρης), called Embisarus (Ἐμβίσαρος,) by Diodorus, was a Kasmira king whose territory lay in the river Hydaspes beyond the mountains. On his death in 325 BC,  Alexander the Great appointed Abisares' son as his successor.

Jhelum River
The Jhelum River is a major river in South Asia, flowing through India and Pakistan, and is the westernmost of the five major rivers of the Punjab region. It originates at Verinag in India-administered Jammu and Kashmir, flows into Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, and then flows through the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of about 725 kilometres (450 mi).
Big Brother (Finnish TV series) season 7
Big Brother 2011 is the seventh season of the Finnish reality television series Big Brother. The season premiered on 31 August 2011, on Sub and the finale was aired on 11 December 2011. The show is produced by Endemol Finland Oy. The seventh season was confirmed on 8 March 2011, in a press release issued from Sub.

Elina Viitanen and Susanna Laine both returned to host the show, though it was originally reported that Laine would not continue. Viitanen is the host of Big Brother Extra and Big Brother Talk Show, and Laine hosts Big Brother Talk Show alongside Viitanen. Viitanen also joined the House as a Guest Housemate on Day 70.

Big Brother (Norwegian TV series)
Big Brother Norge was the Norwegian version of reality TV show Big Brother that was aired from 2001 to 2003 on TV Norge for four moderately successful seasons. The fifth and final season was launched in late August 2011 on TV 2 Bliss.
Elamanchili Assembly constituency
Elamanchili Assembly constituency is a constituency in Anakapalli district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Anakapalli Lok Sabha constituency.

Kanna Babu (Uppalapati Venkata Ramanamurti Raju) is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from YSR Congress Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 197,602 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election were held in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 11 April 2019 for constituting the fifteenth legislative assembly in the state. They were held alongside the 2019 Indian general election.

The YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) won the election in a landslide, winning 151 of the 175 seats, with the incumbent Telugu Desam Party (TDP) winning 23. The Janasena Party (JSP) entered the legislature with one seat, while the Indian National Congress (INC), Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) failed to win any seats.

Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy was unanimously voted as legislature leader of the YSRCP, and was invited to form the government by the Governor of Andhra Pradesh, E. S. L. Narasimhan. This was the second assembly in Andhra Pradesh after the bifurcation of the state into Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)
In enzymology, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] (EC 1.2.1.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are succinic semialdehyde, oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and water. Its products are succinic acid, reduced NADH, and a proton. This enzyme can use the alternative cofactor, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is succinate-semialdehyde:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (nicotinamide adenine, dinucleotide (phosphate)), and succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+].  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: glutamate metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and butanoate metabolism.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.
Moro Rebellion
The Moro Rebellion (1902–1913) was an armed conflict between the Moro people and the United States military during the Philippine–American War. The rebellion occurred after the conclusion of the conflict between the United States and First Philippine Republic, and saw the US move to impose its authority over the Muslim states in Mindanao, Jolo and the neighboring Sulu Archipelago.

Malabang
Malabang, officially the Municipality of Malabang (Maranao: Inged a Malabang; Tagalog: Bayan ng Malabang), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 49,088 people. The town is one of the two former capitals of the Sultanate of Maguindanao from 1515 until the Spanish conquered the land in 1888.
Karli, Koper
Karli (pronounced [ˈkaːɾli]; Italian: Carli) is a small settlement in the City Municipality of Koper in the Littoral region of Slovenia close to the border with Croatia. Its relative isolation has resulted in its population moving to larger settlements and there are no permanent residents left.

Urban Municipality of Koper
The Urban Municipality of Koper (pronounced [ˈkoːpəɾ]; Slovene: Mestna občina Koper, Italian: Comune città di Capodistria) is one of twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia. It is located at the coastline of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Slovenia and was established in 1994. The seat of the municipality is the town of Koper. Since 1995, the area has been part of the Coastal–Karst Statistical Region. The municipality is bilingual, with both Slovene and Italian recognized, and it shares borders with Italy and Croatia.
Lauristin
Lauristin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jean-Eudes Lauristin (born 1994), French Guianan footballer

Johannes Lauristin (1899–1941), Estonian communist politician, activist, collaborator, writer

Marju Lauristin (born 1940) is an Estonian politician

Olga Lauristin (1903–2005), Soviet Estonian politician and collaborator

Marju Lauristin
Marju Lauristin (born 7 April 1940) is an Estonian politician, and former Member of the European Parliament and Minister of Social Affairs. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party, part of the Party of European Socialists. Lauristin is currently a member of the Tartu city council.
Football in Haiti
Football is the most popular sport in Haiti. Approximately 30% of the people in Haiti are interested in football.

Football in Haiti is run by the Fédération Haïtienne de Football. The association administers the national football team, as well as the national football league. Football in Haiti first developed in the state capital of Port-au-Prince, where a regional championship round was already held for the first time in 1912.

Haitian Football Federation
The Haitian Football Federation (FHF; French: Fédération Haïtienne de Football, Haitian Creole: Federasyon Foutbòl Ayisyen) is the governing body for football in Haiti. The FHF is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in Haiti, both professional and amateur. A member of CONCACAF since 1961, FHF is in charge of football in Haiti and all lower categories. The principal sporting field is the Sylvio Cator stadium in Port-au-Prince. It is a founding member of CONCACAF.
The Fight to Save Juárez
The Fight to Save Juárez: Life in the Heart of Mexico's Drug War is a 2013 book by Ricardo C. Ainslie, a professor at the University of Texas at Austin. It is published by the University of Texas Press and documents the Mexican drug war in Ciudad Juárez in the years 2008-2010.

University of Texas Press
The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is the university press of the University of Texas at Austin. Established in 1950, the Press publishes scholarly and trade books in several areas, including Latin American studies, Caribbean studies, U.S. Latinx studies, Texana, Native American studies, Black studies, Middle Eastern studies, Jewish studies, gender studies, film & media studies, music, art, architecture, archaeology, classics, anthropology, food studies and natural history. The Press also publishes journals relating to their major subject areas. The Press produces approximately one hundred new books and thirteen journals each year.

In 2025, the University of Texas Press celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary. During its time in operation, the Press has published more than 4,000 titles. It is a member of the Association of University Presses.
Jefferson County Library Cooperative
The Jefferson County Library Cooperative (JCLC) is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt educational consortium of public libraries in Jefferson County, Alabama. The JCLC administrative office is located at the Birmingham Public Central Library. The member libraries within the cooperative are autonomous, with each one maintaining its own board, director and budget.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
WFC Lider Kobeliaky
Lider Kobeliaky (Ukrainian: ЖФК Лідер Кобеляки), are a Ukrainian women's football and futsal club based in Kobeliaky. Founded in 2002, they compete in the Ukrainian Women's First League, the second flight of women's football in Ukraine, and plays their home games at the Kremin Arena in Kremenchuk.

Kobeliaky
Kobeliaky (Ukrainian: Кобеляки, pronounced [kobeˈlʲɑkɪ]) is a city in Poltava Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kobeliaky urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 9,465 (2022 estimate).
Gemel Peaks
The Gemel Peaks (62°11′42″S 58°59′36″W﻿ / ﻿62.19503°S 58.99339°W﻿ / -62.19503; -58.99339) are two peaks 1.3 nautical miles (2.4 km) northeast of Horatio Stump on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. They were charted and named "Twin Peak" or "Twin Peaks" by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II in 1935. To avoid duplication, this name was rejected by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 and a new name substituted; "Gemel" means twin.

King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
King George Island (Argentinian Spanish: Isla 25 de Mayo, Brazilian Portuguese: Ilha do Rei George, Chilean Spanish: Isla Rey Jorge, Russian: Ватерло́о Vaterloo) is the largest of the South Shetland Islands, lying 120 km (75 miles) off the coast of Antarctica in the Southern Ocean.  The island was named after King George III.
Jorge Llopis
Jorge Llopis (1919–1976) was a Spanish satirist, actor and playwright best known for Los Pelópidas, a two-act satire of Greek tragedy, and for the parodic false anthology of the Spanish poetry Las mil peores poesías de la lengua castellana. After having success as a writer for humor magazines, he worked as a supporting actor in films during the 1960s.

Greek tragedy
Greek tragedy (Ancient Greek: τραγῳδία, romanized: tragōidía) is one of the three principal theatrical genres from Ancient Greece and Greek-inhabited Anatolia, along with comedy and the satyr play. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy.

Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and theatre, and it greatly influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. These tragedians often explored many themes of human nature, mainly as a way of connecting with the audience but also as way of bringing the audience into the play.
Quasiconvexity (calculus of variations)
In the calculus of variations, a subfield of mathematics, quasiconvexity is a generalisation of the notion of convexity. It is used to characterise the integrand of a functional and related to the existence of minimisers. Under some natural conditions, quasiconvexity of the integrand is a necessary and sufficient condition for a functional

to be lower semi-continuous in the weak topology, for a sufficient regular domain . By compactness arguments (Banach–Alaoglu theorem) the existence of minimisers of weakly lower semicontinuous functionals may then follow from the direct method.
This concept was introduced by Morrey in 1952. This generalisation of convexity should not be confused with the polysemetic concept of a quasiconvex function.

Sobolev space
In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of Lp-norms of the function together with its derivatives up to a given order. The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense to make the space complete, i.e. a Banach space. Intuitively, a Sobolev space is a space of functions possessing sufficiently many derivatives for some application domain, such as partial differential equations, and equipped with a norm that measures both the size and regularity of a function.

Sobolev spaces are named after the Russian mathematician Sergei Sobolev. Their importance comes from the fact that weak solutions of some important partial differential equations exist in appropriate Sobolev spaces, even when there are no strong solutions in spaces of continuous functions with the derivatives understood in the classical sense.