hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Added value
Added value in financial analysis of shares is to be distinguished from value added. It is used as a measure of shareholder value, calculated using the formula:

Added Value = The selling price of a product - the cost of bought-in materials and components

Added Value can also be defined as the difference between a particular product's final selling price and the direct and indirect input used in making that particular product. Also it can be said to be the process of increasing the perceived value of the product in the eyes of the consumers (formally known as the value proposition).

The difference is profit for the firm and its shareholders after all the costs and taxes owed by the business have been paid for that financial year. Value added or any related measure may help investors decide if this is a business that is worthwhile investing on, or that there are other and better opportunities (fixed deposits, debentures).

Shareholder value
Shareholder value is a business term, sometimes phrased as shareholder value maximization. The term expresses the idea that the primary goal for a business is to increase the wealth of its shareholders (owners) by paying dividends and/or causing the company's stock price to increase. It became a prominent idea during the 1980s and 1990s, along with the management principle value-based management or managing for value.
Saint-Lary, Gers
Saint-Lary (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ laʁi]; Gascon: Sent Lari), known as Saint-Lary-du-Gers (pronounced [sɛ̃ laʁi dy ʒɛʁs]; Occitan: Sent Lari de Gers) for disambiguation, is a commune in the Gers department, and the region of Occitania, southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Saint-Lariens (masculine plural) and Saint-Lariennes (feminine plural).

Gers
Gers (French pronunciation: [ʒɛʁ(s)]; Occitan: Gers or Gerç, [dʒɛɾs]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southwestern France. Gers is bordered by the departments of Hautes-Pyrénées and Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Haute-Garonne and Tarn-et-Garonne to the east, Lot-et-Garonne to the north and Landes to the west. Named after the Gers River, its inhabitants are called the Gersois and Gersoises in French. In 2019, it had a population of 191,377.
Manolya Onur
Manolya Onur, Princess Qhabl Begum Sahiba Manolya-i-Nur (1955 – 25 October 2017) was a Turkish model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Turkey 1976 and represented her country at Miss Universe 1976. She became a princess of Berar by marriage.

Berar Province
Berar Province, also known as the Hyderabad Assigned Districts, was a province of Hyderabad. After 1853, it was administered by the British, although the Nizam retained formal sovereignty over the province. Azam Jah, the eldest son of the 7th Nizam, held the title of Mirza-Baig ("Prince") of Berar, modern day approximately Amravati Division of Vidarbha, Northern Maharashtra.

In 1881, the population of Berar was 2,672,673. The total area of the territory was 29,340 square kilometres (11,330 sq mi).

After 1 October 1903, the administration of the province was placed under the Commissioner-General for the Central Provinces, as the Berar Division. In 1936, the territory was renamed as the Central Provinces and Berar, and its legislative assembly was established.

The successor to Berar, with changed boundaries, is Amravati Division in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra.
Aug (band)
Aug is a hard rock band from New Jersey. The band was formed in 2008 and have since released two albums and have opened for many bands including King's X, Savatage and Joe Lynn Turner. The band is also notable for the lead singer's voice, which is similar to Ozzy Osbourne. The band has appeared in the program That Metal Show.

The band released its debut album, entitled 20 Years in Hell. In 2014, the band released its second album, entitled Be Careful What You Wish For.

Joe Lynn Turner
Joe Lynn Turner (born Joseph Arthur Mark Linquito, August 2, 1951) is an American singer best known for his work with Rainbow, Deep Purple, and Yngwie Malmsteen.

Turner joined Rainbow in the early 1980s, performing on the albums Difficult to Cure (1981), Straight Between the Eyes (1982), and Bent Out of Shape (1983). Following Rainbow's disbandment, Turner collaborated with Yngwie Malmsteen on the studio album Odyssey (1988) and the live album Trial by Fire: Live in Leningrad (1989). In 1989, he became a member of Deep Purple, contributing to the album Slaves and Masters (1990) and toured with the band on a world tour in 1991.  Beyond his collaborations, Turner has released nine solo albums under his own name, beginning with his debut Rescue You (1985), and most recently Belly of the Beast (2022). Additionally, he has released two albums as part of the Hughes Turner Project: HTP (2002) and HTP 2 (2003).
Carl-Ludwig Wagner
Carl-Ludwig Wagner (9 January 1930 – 27 July 2012) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Wagner was born in Düsseldorf, but later lived in Eitelsbach, a part of Trier.  After his Abitur 1949 in Trier he studied law at the University of Mainz and one year in Montpellier. He got his doctorate in 1961.

Wagner was the 5th Minister President of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1988 to 1991, Minister from 1979 to 1988 (law, finances), a member of the Bundestag (1969–1976) and worked for the European Parliament in Luxembourg from 1959 to 1969.

Minister-president
A minister-president or minister president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments with a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government where they preside over the council of ministers. It is an alternative term for prime minister, premier, chief minister, or first minister and very similar to the title of president of the council of ministers.
Perfect Bid: The Contestant Who Knew Too Much
Perfect Bid: The Contestant Who Knew Too Much is a 2017 American documentary film that profiles Ted Slauson, an elementary school mathematics teacher and super fan of The Price Is Right. Interviews with Slauson reveal how he became fascinated with the show in the early 1970s, which drove him to memorize the prices of products, and his involvement with contestant Terry Kniess, who bid perfectly on a showcase in 2008 and gave no credit to Slauson for his assistance.

Kevin Pollak
Kevin Elliot Pollak (born October 30, 1957) is an American actor, comedian, impressionist and podcaster. He has appeared in over 90 films; his roles include Sam Weinberg in Rob Reiner's A Few Good Men, Jacob Goldman in Grumpy Old Men and its sequel Grumpier Old Men; Todd Hockney in The Usual Suspects, Phillip Green in Martin Scorsese's Casino, and Bobby Chicago in End of Days.

From 2016 to 2022, he played a recurring role in Better Things. From 2017 to 2023, Pollak was a regular cast member on The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel on Amazon.
Dávid Verrasztó
Dávid Verrasztó (born 22 August 1988) is a Hungarian competitive swimmer. He competed at the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics, in the 200 and 400 m individual medleys. His father and coach, Zoltán Verrasztó, and his sister, Evelyn Verrasztó, are also swimmers.

In 2019, he was a member of the 2019 International Swimming League, representing Team Iron.

2019 International Swimming League
The 2019 International Swimming League was the inaugural edition of the International Swimming League, a professional swimming league, established in 2019. It comprised eight teams composed of both women and men. The league consisted of seven short course swimming meets which took place in seven cities around the world.

The budget for this first edition was $20 million.  The France-based team Energy Standard won the inaugural ISL title in the Final Match hosted at Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas.
Mattia Bellini
Mattia Bellini (born 8 February 1994) is a former Italian rugby union player. His position was on the wing and

In September 2015, Bellini played with Zebre in Pro12 as a "permit player".
He previously played for Petrarca. He played with Zebre from 2016 to April 2022.
Bellini played for Benetton in the United Rugby Championship for the end of 2021−22 season and 2022−23 season.
In 2023, he come back to Petrarca Padova in Italian Serie A Elite and he played for it until 2025.

In 2014, Bellini was named in the Italy Under 20 squad and in 2014 and 2015, he was also named in the Italy Sevens squad.
In 2022, he was named in Italy A squad for an official test.

Bellini was named in the Italian squad for the 2016 Six Nations Championship. He made his debut on 6 February against France On 18 August 2019, he was named in the final 31-man squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

Italy national under-20 rugby union team
The Italy national under-20 rugby union team has competed in both the IRB Junior World Championship and IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy. They were one of four teams relegated in 2009 to the Junior World Trophy after finishing at the bottom of the tournament. They were again promoted to the 2011 IRB Junior World Championship after winning the 2010 IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy.

Italy finished in last place at the 2012 IRB Junior World Championship and had again been relegated to the Junior World Trophy for 2013. Then they won the 2013 IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy so Italy participated in the 2014 IRB Junior World Championship that was played in New Zealand.

Since 2008, its first edition, they participate in the Six Nations Under 20s Championship.
Delta South senatorial district
Delta South senatorial district in Delta State, Nigeria, covers 8  local governments which comprise Bomadi, Burutu, Isoko North, Isoko South, Patani, Warri North, Warri South and Warri South West.  The headquarters (collation centre) of Delta South is Isoko South Local Government. The current representative of Delta South senatorial district is James Manager of the People’s Democratic Party, PDP.

Isoko South
Isoko South is a local government area (LGA) in the Isoko region of Delta State, Nigeria. With its headquarters at Oleh, Nigeria. It is one of the two local governments that make up the Isoko region. The other is Isoko North, which has its headquarters at Ozoro. This LGA has a total population of 235,147 as at the 2006 census.
Bikeman Island
Bikeman Island is a submerged islet about a half-hour's canoe ride northeast of Betio, Kiribati. Due to changing currents and the construction of a causeway between Betio and Bairiki, Bikeman has been submerged since the early 1990s. If one were to stand on Bikeman today, the water would reach up to one's knees.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Vellikizhamai Viratham
Vellikizhamai Viratham (pronounced [ʋeɭɭikiɻamaɪ ʋiɾaðam] transl. Fast on Friday) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language devotional film, directed by R. Thyagarajan in his debut and produced by Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar under Dhandayudhapani Films. The film stars Sivakumar, Jayachitra and Jayasudha, along with Nagesh, Sundarrajan, Srikanth and Sasikumar as supporting actors. It was released on 12 April 1974. The film was remade in Telugu as Nomu (1974) and in Hindi as Shubh Din (1974).

Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar
Sandow Marudur Marudachalamurthy Ayyavoo Chinnappa Thevar (28 June 1915 – 8 September 1978) was a film producer of Tamil cinema in the mid-1950s through the 1960s and 1970s. He is best known for his films featuring animals, and has produced numerous movies with M. G. Ramachandran as lead actor (16 movies with under his famous banner: Thevar Films).

He launched all his movies under the Devar Films, which also produced the Rajesh Khanna's Bollywood hit Haathi Mere Saathi (1971) in which he achieved national fame and Dhandayupathi Films banner.

The title of "Sandow" was given to Chinnappa Thevar in tribute to the bodybuilder Eugen Sandow and because of his impressive muscles.
2024 ABN AMRO Open
The 2024 ABN AMRO Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It took place at the Rotterdam Ahoy in the Dutch city of Rotterdam, between 12 and 18 February 2024. It was the 51st edition of the Rotterdam Open, and part of the ATP Tour 500 series on the 2024 ATP Tour. The tournament also included a wheelchair tennis singles and doubles draw for both men and women.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
1969 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1969 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 75th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.

Claughaun were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Patrickswell in the second round.

On 5 October 1969, Patrickswell won the championship after a 0–17 to 2–03 defeat of Pallasgreen in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their first title in three championship seasons.

Claughaun GAA
Claughaun GAA (Irish: CLG Chlochán) is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club based in St Brigid's parish on the southside of Limerick City, Ireland. The club was founded  in 1902, in the Poulin/Pennywell area of St John's parish. It fields teams in competitions organised by the within Limerick County Board and has won several county titles in both hurling and Gaelic football. The club grounds are located on the Childers Road. The club was relegated to intermediate status in both football and hurling following the 2010 championships. Clauaghaun returned to the Limerick Senior Football Championship after winning the 2020 Limerick Intermediate Football Championship.
Lupe Hernández hand sanitizer legend
The Lupe Hernández hand sanitizer legend concerns an American nurse who, as a student in Bakersfield, California in 1966, invented the now-ubiquitous hand sanitizer gel. The claim is controversial as attempts to verify it by independent investigations at The Washington Post, the National Museum of American History and the Los Angeles Times have proven fruitless. Nevertheless, the story became "viral" during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and was widely reported as established fact and/or urban legend in the press.

Urban legend
Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not.

These legends can be entertaining but often concern mysterious and troubling events, such as disappearances and strange objects or entities. Urban legends may confirm moral standards, reflect prejudices, or be a way to make sense of societal anxieties.

In the past, urban legends were most often circulated orally, at gatherings and around the campfire for instance. Now, they can be spread by any media, including newspapers, mobile news apps, e-mail, and most often, social media.  Some urban legends have passed through the years/decades with only minor changes, in where the time period takes place. Generic urban legends are often altered to suit regional variations, but the lesson or moral generally remains the same.
Hasselt dialect
Hasselt dialect or Hasselt Limburgish (natively (H)essels, Standard Dutch: Hasselts [ˈɦɑsəlts]) is the city dialect and variant of Limburgish spoken in the Belgian city of Hasselt alongside the Dutch language. All of its speakers are bilingual with standard Dutch.

Voiceless dental and alveolar trills
Voiceless dental and alveolar trills are a type of consonantal sound. They differ from their cognate /r/ only by the vibrations of the vocal cord. It occurs in a few languages, usually alongside the voiced version, as a similar phoneme or an allophone.

Proto-Indo-European *sr developed into a sound written as ⟨ῥ⟩, with the letter for /r/ and the diacritic for /h/, in Ancient Greek. It was probably a voiceless alveolar trill and became the regular word-initial allophone of /r/ in standard Attic Greek that has disappeared in Modern Greek.

*Proto-Indo-European *srew- > Ancient Greek ῥέω "flow", possibly [r̥é.ɔː]
District administration in Nepal
District administration makes up the third level of government division in Nepal. The provision for a District Assembly, which acts as the legislature at the district-level, is mentioned in Part 17 of the Constitution of Nepal. The 77 districts of Nepal each have their own district assemblies which in turn elect their own District Coordination Committees, which serves as the executive at the district-level. In addition to this each district also has a District Administration Office which oversees the general administration of each district.

Constitution of Nepal
The Constitution of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको संविधान) is the present governing Constitution of Nepal.
Nepal is governed according to the Constitution which came into effect on 20 September 2015, replacing the Interim Constitution of 2007. The constitution of Nepal is divided into 35 parts, 308 Articles and 9 Schedules.

The Constitution was drafted by the Second Constituent Assembly following the failure of the First Constituent Assembly to produce a constitution in its mandated period after the earthquake in April 2015.  The constitution was endorsed by 90% of the total legislators. Out of 598 Constituent Assembly members, 538 voted in favour of the constitution while 60 people voted against it, including a few Terai-based political parties which refrained from the voting process.

Its institutions were put in place in 2010 and 2018 through a series of direct and indirect elections in all governing levels.
Krasna, Cieszyn
Krasna (German: Schöndorf, later Krasna) is a district of Cieszyn, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. It was a separate municipality, but became administratively a part of Cieszyn in 1973. It lies in the Silesian Foothills and in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

Silesian Foothills
Silesian Foothills (Polish: Pogórze Śląskie, Czech: Slezské podhůří, Silesian: Pogōrze Ślōnske) are foothills located in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.

It has an area of 545 km2. Its western border is Olza river, eastern Skawa. Other main rivers that cut the foothills are from west to east: Vistula, Biała and Soła. To the south are Silesian Beskids and Little Beskids, in north it converts into Ostrava Basin and Oświęcim Basin. The towns located on the foothills are: Cieszyn, Skoczów, Bielsko-Biała, Kęty, Andrychów and Wadowice.
California Fitness
California Fitness was a fitness company based in Hong Kong. It opened its first club in 1996 at the business district of Hong Kong near Lan Kwai Fong. There were 16 clubs in Hong Kong, Singapore and China. California Fitness was acquired in 1999 by 24 Hour Fitness Worldwide, which sold it to the Ansa Group in 2012.

California Fitness was the trading name of JV Fitness; it was the second largest gym operator in Hong Kong with nine locations.

Lan Kwai Fong
Lan Kwai Fong (Chinese: 蘭桂坊), often abbreviated to LKF, is a small collection of streets and alleys in Central, Hong Kong. The area was dedicated to hawkers before the Second World War, but underwent a renaissance in the mid-1980s. It is now a popular expatriate haunt in Hong Kong for drinking, clubbing, and dining.

One of the streets is also called Lan Kwai Fong, and is L-shaped with both ends connected to D'Aguilar Street at right angles, thus forming a rectangle.

Wo On Lane and Wing Wah Lane form the northeastern extension of the Lan Kwai Fong area, which arguably also extends to Wellington Street and Wyndham Street, through to the Hong Kong Fringe Club.

The area is also home to a small number of art galleries.
John Oulton
Christianity portal

John Ernest Leonard Oulton, D.D. (22 March 1886 – 2 February 1957) was Regius Professor of Divinity at Trinity College Dublin from 1935. until his death.

The son of The Rev. Richard Charles Oulton, BD, the incumbent of Glynn, he was educated at Campbell College and Trinity College Dublin. He won the Vice-Chancellor's Latin Medal in 1907; and the Berkeley Gold Medal in Greek in 1909. He was ordained in 1914. He served curacies at Harold's Cross and St Stephen's Church, Dublin; and incumbencies at Chapelizod and Monkstown, Dublin. He was Assistant Lecturer in Divinity at TCD from 1924 to 1930; Lecturer on the Bible from 1926 to 1929; and Archbishop King’s Professor of Divinity from 1930 to 1935

Chapelizod
Chapelizod (Irish: Séipéal Iosóid, meaning 'Iseult's chapel') is a suburban village of Dublin, Ireland. It lies in the wooded valley of the River Liffey, near the Strawberry Beds and the Phoenix Park. The village is associated with Iseult of Ireland and the location of Iseult's chapel. Chapelizod is under the administration of Dublin City Council.
Save Yourself (True Blood)
"Save Yourself" is the twelfth and final episode of HBO's fifth season of the Vampire TV series True Blood, while the 60th episode overall. The episode focuses on Eric's last attempt at trying to rid Bill of Lilith's madness as well as planning his escape with Nora; Sookie and the faeries fight against Steve Newlin and Russell Edgington. The season is loosely based on The Sookie Stackhouse Series' fifth book Dead as a Doornail, although much more of the book and its successors are incorporated than in previous seasons. The episode is preceded by Sunset and is followed by the season 61 premiere episode. The episode has mostly had good reviews, surpassing its predecessors in viewers, except for Turn, Turn, Turn! which remains with the highest number of viewers, with 5.20.

Bill Compton (The Southern Vampire Mysteries)
William Thomas “Bill” Compton is a fictional vampire in The Southern Vampire Mysteries; a series of books by Charlaine Harris. He is introduced in the first novel of the series, Dead Until Dark and has appeared in every subsequent novel. In the television adaptation, True Blood, he was portrayed by the actor Stephen Moyer.

Bill Compton is a vampire and sometimes lover of the series' protagonist, Sookie Stackhouse. He is sometimes referred to as "Vampire Bill" by the locals from the fictional town of Bon Temps, Louisiana.