hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar eclipse of May 9, 1910
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Monday, May 9, 1910, with a magnitude of 1.06. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 10 hours after perigee (on May 8, 1910, at 19:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Totality was visible from part of Wilkes Land in Antarctica and Tasmania in Australia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica, Australia, and Southeast Asia.

Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular width, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the visual angle, and in optics, it is the angular aperture (of a lens). The angular diameter can alternatively be thought of as the angular displacement through which an eye or camera must rotate to look from one side of an apparent circle to the opposite side.

A person can resolve with their naked eyes diameters down to about 1 arcminute (approximately 0.017° or 0.0003 radians). This corresponds to 0.3 m at a 1 km distance, or to perceiving Venus as a disk under optimal conditions.
2021 Argentine Patagonia wildfires
The Argentine Patagonia wildfires begun on Sunday March 7, 2021 when a focus of fire appeared at kilometer 21 of Provincial Route 6 of Río Negro Province, Argentina. Subsequently, the fire spread to Las Golondrinas, Lago Puelo, El Hoyo, El Maitén and Cholila in Chubut Province, following the 42nd parallel south. The fire would spread aided by the wind reaching populated areas where there have been reports of burned vehicles and the destruction of hundreds of houses. Servicio Nacional del Manejo del Fuego helped people evacuate the area. Various causes have been proposed for the fire, including the fall of a trees on electrical transmission cables, given that the fires follow the electrical wiring. Intentional fires have also been proposed as a cause. National minister of Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, Juan Cabandié, called for an investigation through a criminal complaint about the causes of the fire. As of March 12, 2021, 11 people were missing.

Lago Puelo, Chubut
Lago Puelo is a town located in the Chubut Province, Argentina, 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) north from Puelo Lake and the Lago Puelo National Park, and 15 km (9.3 mi) south from El Bolsón. With a population of 3,129 inhabitants in 2010, it is one of the towns that forms La Comarca Andina del Paralelo 42 (Andean Region of the 42nd parallel), an organization which includes towns and rural areas in or near the Andes and clustered around the 42nd parallel of latitude in Argentina.

With a population in constant growth due to the migration from larger cities in Argentina, this small town also offers a wide variety of artisans that display their crafts in the local fair of El Bolsón, or in the annual Forest Festival (Spanish: La Fiesta Del Bosque) which is usually held during January or February.

Many of the town's inhabitants are native "porteños", i.e. people from Buenos Aires.
Kwon Chil-seung
Kwon Chil-seung (Korean: 권칠승; Hanja: 權七勝; born 18 November 1965) is a South Korean politician who served as Minister of SMEs and Startups from 2021 to 2022. Kwon has represented Hwaseong at the National Assembly from 2016 and previously at Gyeonggi Assembly from 2010 to 2016.

In January 2021, President Moon Jae-in nominated Kwon as his third Minister of SMEs and Startups as his second minister Park Young-sun announced her campaign for Seoul mayor in the upcoming bi-election.

Kwon is best known to the public for his bill which removes licenses of doctors convicted of serious crimes such as murder and sexual assault.

From 2004 to 2008 Kwon worked as an administrator at the Office of Senior Secretary for Civil Affairs to President Roh Moo-hyun working with Moon who led the Office from 2005 to 2006.

Kwon holds a bachelor's degree in economics from Korea University.

Ministry of SMEs and Startups
The Ministry of SMEs and Startups (Korean: 중소벤처기업부) is a government ministry of South Korea. It was established in July 2017 by the Moon Jae-in government. It succeeds the former Small and Medium Business Administration. Its headquarters are located in Sejong City, Sejong. As of February 2021, Lee Young, a member of the National Assembly and People Power Party, has been appointed as the South Korean Minister of SMEs and Startups.
Mushabian culture
The Mushabian culture (alternately, Mushabi or Mushabaean) is an archaeological culture suggested to have originated among the Iberomaurusians in North Africa, though once thought to have originated in the Levant.

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.
Thomas Gillespie (epidemiologist)
Thomas Gillespie is a disease ecologist and conservation biologist recognized for his integrative approach to the conservation of biodiversity and mitigation of emerging infectious diseases. He is currently Professor and Chair of Environmental Sciences at Emory University.

Gillespie was among the first to demonstrate that human impact on the environment can alter the dynamics of natural pathogens in wildlife, and create opportunities for pathogens to jump between species. His efforts serve as demonstration projects of the One Health Approach.  He has, also, guided international efforts to protect endangered species from human diseases and prevent future pandemics.

One Health Model
The concept of One Health is the unity of multiple practices that work together locally, nationally, and globally to help achieve optimal health for people, animals, and the environment.  When the people, animals, and environment are put together, they make up the One Health Triad . The One Health Triad shows how the health of people, animals, and the environment is linked to one another. Each element affects and is affected by the others. For instance, diseases transmitted from animals can impact human health, while environmental factors like pollution or climate change can influence both animal and human health. With One Health being a worldwide concept, it makes it easier to advance health care in the 21st century.  When this concept is used, and applied properly, it can help protect people, animals, and the environment in the present and future generations.
Nøkleby
Nøkleby,  Nökleby, or Nokleby is a Norwegian and Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Berit Nøkleby (1939–2018), Norwegian historian

Monica Elfvin (born 1938), later Nökleby, Swedish gymnast

Katrina Nokleby, Canadian politician

Berit Nøkleby
Berit Nøkleby (25 September 1939 – 26 July 2018) was a Norwegian historian.

She was born in Drammen, and is a cand.philol. by education. She has contributed to several books on the German occupation of Norway. She wrote book II and IV of the series Norge i krig I–VIII. Fremmedåk og frihetskamp 1940–1945 (II: Nyordning, 1985, and IV: Holdningskamp, 1986).  She wrote the book Josef Terboven. Hitlers mann i Norge (1992), and she was co-editor of the encyclopaedia Norsk Krigsleksikon 1940–1945 (1995).

She died aged 78.
Erkki Kivimäki
Erkki Juhani Kivimäki (23 May 1936 – 1 May 2017) was a Finnish diplomat. He served as Finnish Ambassador at the Embassy of Finland in Argentina, Buenos Aires from  1996 to 2001.

Previously, he was Finnish Ambassador to Venezuela in Caracas   and in Managua in Nicaragua from 1980 to 1985.

He was born in Varkaus and worked as a diplomat in Stockholm, Madrid, Washington and West Berlin (at the time of collapse of the wall). In the 1970s he was the Foreign Ministry's  Representative in the selection of criteria for Vietnamese refugees. Later, as a representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs he was involved in the Nordic co-operation. After his retirement he wrote comments on  foreign and domestic politics of Finland under the pen name OP. He died in Hattula, aged 80.

Fall of the Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989 during the Peaceful Revolution, marking the beginning of the destruction of the figurative Iron Curtain, as East Berlin transit restrictions were overwhelmed and discarded.  Sections of the wall were breached, and planned deconstruction began the following June. It was one of the series of events that started the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe. The fall of the inner German border took place shortly afterward. An end to the Cold War was declared at the Malta Summit in early December, and German reunification took place in October the following year.
Aplio
Aplio was an Internet appliance maker located in San Bruno, California. They were a French startup, that was founded in 1996. They were acquired by Net2Phone in 2000.

Their product Aplio/Phone is a device, that allowed a standard telephone to communicate across the Internet. It was named Product of the Year by the Internet Telephony magazine. Version 2.0 was shipped in 1999. Aplio/Pro was an Internet telephony appliance with an embedded Linux kernel. It was named Product of the Year by Internet Telephony and Communications Services magazines.

Internet appliance
An Internet appliance is a consumer device whose main function is easy access to Internet services such as WWW or e-mail. The term was popularized in the 1990s, when it somewhat overlapped in meaning with an information appliance, desktop computer, network computer, or even thin client, but now it has fallen out of general use.

Internet appliances were contrasted with any general purpose computer, but unlike personal computers, internet appliances were low cost and low margin products, usually using highly optimised low power silicon specifically built for internet use. Modern smart phones and tablet computers do approximately the same things, but are more powerful, more successful in the market, and generally not classified as Internet appliances.
Andrea Galgó Ferenci
Andrea Galgó Ferenci (also rendered as Andrea Galgó-Ferenci; Serbian Cyrillic: Андреа Галго Ференци; 8 November 1973 – December 2024) was a Serbian politician from the country's Hungarian community. She was briefly a member of the Serbian parliament in 2007, serving with the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians (VMSZ).

Hungarians in Serbia
Hungarians are a recognized ethnic minority in Serbia. According to data from the 2022 census, the population of ethnic Hungarians in Serbia is 184,442, constituting 2.7% of the total population; they are the second-largest ethnic group in the country after Serbs and the largest ethnic minority group. The vast majority of them live in the province of Vojvodina, where they make up 10.5% of population.

Overwhelming majority of Hungarians in Serbia are Catholics, while some 5% are Protestant (mostly Calvinist).
Seaweed oil
Seaweed oil, also called algae oil or algal oil, is used for making food, with the purified product almost colorless and odorless. It is also under development as a possible alternative fuel and manufacturing agent.

Seaweed oil is also used as a source of fatty acid dietary supplement, as it contains mono- and polyunsaturated fats, in particular EPA  and DHA, both of them omega-3 fatty acids. The supplement's DHA content is roughly equivalent to that of salmon-based fish oil supplement.

Seaweed oil is also used for biofuel, pharmaceutical manufacturing, massage oil, soaps, and lotions.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Gmina Kłaj
Gmina Kłaj is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wieliczka County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Kłaj, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) east of Wieliczka and 28 km (17 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 83.1 square kilometres (32.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,832.

Wieliczka
Wieliczka (pronounced [vʲɛˈlʲit͡ʂka] ⓘ; Latin: Magnum Sal) is a historic town in southern Poland, situated within the Kraków metropolitan area in Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. The town was initially founded in 1290 by Premislaus II of Poland. Nowadays, it is mostly known for the Wieliczka Salt Mine, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978, and the historic old town core which was listed as one of National Polish Monuments in 1994. The population in 2023 was estimated at 27,845.
Bouge de là
"Bouge de là" (French, meaning: "move from there" or "get out of here", also translated as "take a hike") is the debut single by MC Solaar. It samples "The Message" by Cymande, a band formed in London in the early 1970s. This was the first single from his album Qui sème le vent récolte le tempo, and reached No. 22 on the French SNEP Singles Chart in September 1991. It was also the second hip hop hit in France, after Benny B's "Vous êtes fous!" in 1990, although it was considered by the French newspaper Le Figaro as the first one.

The song was covered by Les Enfoirés on their album 2011: Dans l'œil des Enfoirés, and included in the medley "Une nuit au musée". The song was also performed by Grégoire, Alizée, Jean-Louis Aubert, Zazie, Renan Luce, Hélène Ségara, Claire Keim, Tina Arena, Christophe Maé and Gérard Jugnot.

Cymande
Cymande (pronounced /sɪˈmɑːndeɪ/ sih-MAHN-day) are a British funk group that was originally active in the early 1970s. The band name derives from a calypso word for "dove", which symbolises peace and love; "Dove" is also the title of one of their best-known songs. With a membership deriving from several Caribbean nations, Cymande were noted for an eclectic mix of funk, soul, reggae, rock, African music, calypso, and jazz that they called "nyah-rock". The band formed in 1971 and released three albums before disbanding in 1974. After gaining newfound popularity when their music was sampled by many notable rap artists, Cymande reformed in the 2010s. Their most recent album Renascence was released in January 2025.
Jan Verhoeven
Jan Verhoeven (* Herpt, 23-12-1937  –  † 's-Hertogenbosch, 24 April 2021) was a Dutch singer from Heusden. He was the lead member of Holland Duo. He started collaborating with Marianne Weber after spontaneously joining her as a second singer during a party and from 1988 they had the name "Holland Duo". With Weber he recorded three albums. Later he continued under the same name with Colinda van Beckhoven, Janske Mentzij and Erna Temming.

He had a daughter Nina, who was also a singer who released her first single in 1994. Verhoeven died on 24 April 2021, aged 80. After his death, Sterren NL Radio of NPO Radio 5 paid special attention to his death during the afternoon show.

NPO Radio 5
NPO Radio 5 is a Dutch public-service network radio station operated by NPO. Its main format is Oldies (both English and Dutch titles) from the 1950s and beyond, with a much stronger emphasis from the 1960s to 1980s. Very rarely, songs from the late-1940s may air at times. The service targets 55-year-olds and older, in contrast to that of NPO Radio 2 (35–55) and NPO 3FM (15–35). Every year towards the end of November, NPO Radio 5 broadcasts "The Evergreen Top 1000".
Hellenion
Hellenion (Greek: Ἑλλήνιον) has been used to refer to:

Hellenion (Naucratis), an Ancient Greek sanctuary in Naucratis of Egypt (founded in the 6th century BC)

Hellenion (Sparta), a temple of Zeus Sellanios in Sparta

Hellenion (Cairo), a short-lived association founded in early 1900s by the Greek community of Egypt.

Hellenion, an active Hellenic Neopagan organization in the United States; founded in 2000.

Hellenion (Naucratis)
Hellenion (Greek: Ἑλλήνιον) was an ancient Greek sanctuary in Naucratis (Egypt), founded by the cities Rhodes, Cnidus, Halicarnassus, Phaselis, Chios, Teos, Phocaea, Clazomenae and Mytilene in the reign of Amasis (6th century BC).
Cotia gens
The gens Cotia was a plebeian family at Rome.  It is known chiefly from a single individual, Quintus Cotius Achilles.  On account of his bravery, he served as the legate of Quintus Caecilius Metellus during his campaign against the Celtiberi in Hispania, 143 BC.  He distinguished himself by slaying two of the enemy in single combat.

Hispania
Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, it was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Roman Empire, under the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was subdivided into Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was reorganized as Hispania Tarraconensis.

Beginning with Diocletian’s Tetrarchy (AD 293), the territory of Tarraconensis was further divided to create the provinces of Carthaginensis and Gallaecia (also called Callaecia, the origin of the name of modern Galicia). All the Hispanic provinces on the mainland, together with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later organized into the Diocesis Hispaniarum, governed by a vicarius.

The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule. The modern place names of Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
Ibbin Samaan
Ibbin Samaan (Arabic: أبين سمعان) is a small town in western Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. With a population of 6,220 as per the 2004 census, the town is the administrative center of Nahiya Ibbin Samaan.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Battle of Alinja (1399)
The Battle of Alinja took place in 1399 at the Alinja Fortress, located in present-day Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. King George VII of Georgia, seeking to break the siege laid by Timurid forces, led a coalition of Georgian and Caucasian allies to successfully relieve the fortress and defeat a Timurid reinforcement army. This victory, however, provoked a brutal retaliatory campaign by Timur, which devastated Georgia and the surrounding regions in the following years.

Alinja Tower
The Alinja Tower, also known as Alinjagala, Alinja-gala (Azerbaijani: Əlincə qalası) or the Armenian fortress of Yernjak up to the 14th century (Armenian: Երնջակ), is a tower located to the west of Khanega village, not far from Julfa city in Azerbaijan, on the right coast of the Alinja River (Alinjachay), higher of the Armenian monastery St. Karapet, on the top of Alinja Mountain. The tower was one of the strongest defensive buildings of its time.
Hancock air whistle
The Hancock air whistle was a railroad whistle intended for use on North American diesel locomotives in place of the standard air horn. It was manufactured by the Hancock Valve Division of Manning, Maxwell and Moore.

Manning, Maxwell and Moore
Manning, Maxwell and Moore was a railroad equipment supply manufacturing company that was based in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was founded by Charles Arthur Moore in 1905.

The company manufactured pressure gauges, valves, cranes, and hoists.
Muhor Na Aklil
Muhor Na Aklil is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named after the sub-group of the Sebat Bet Gurage, the Muher and Aklil. Part of the Gurage Zone, Muhor Na Aklil is bordered on the south by Ezha, on the northwest by Kebena, on the north by Kokir Gedebano, and on the east by Meskane. It was part of former Ezhana Wolene woreda.

Gurage Zone
Gurage is a zone in the Central Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. The region is home to the Gurage people. Gurage is bordered on the southeast by Hadiya and Yem Zone, on the northwest by Kebena Special Woreda, north and east by the Oromia Region, and on the southeast by Siltʼe. Its highest point is Mount Gurage. Wolkite is the largest city and administrative centre of the zone.
Alex Tamba Brima
Alex Tamba Brima (23 November 1971 – 9 June 2016), also known as Gullit, was a Sierra Leonean military commander. He was one of a group of seventeen soldiers in the Sierra Leone Armed Forces who called themselves Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) that successfully staged a coup that ousted president Ahmad Tejan Kabbah in May 1997. On 19 July 2007 he was convicted and sentenced to 50 years in prison for committing war crimes and crimes against humanity during the Sierra Leone Civil War.

Armed Forces Revolutionary Council
The Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) was a group of Sierra Leone soldiers that allied itself with the rebel Revolutionary United Front in the late 1990s.  While the AFRC briefly controlled the country in 1998, it was driven from the capital by an international military intervention of the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG). It was no longer a coherent and effective organization by the elections of 2002.
Little Bedwyn
Little Bedwyn (also spelt Little Bedwin, and sometimes called Bedwyn Parva) is a village and civil parish on the River Dun in Wiltshire, England, about 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of the market town of Hungerford in neighbouring Berkshire. The parish includes the hamlet of Chisbury.

The Kennet and Avon Canal and the Reading to Taunton railway line follow the Dun and pass through the village. Little Bedwyn is served by Bedwyn railway station, which is about 1 mile (1.6 km) south-west of the village at Great Bedwyn.

Wansdyke
Wansdyke (from Woden's Dyke) is a series of early medieval defensive linear earthworks in the West Country of England, consisting of a ditch and a running embankment from the ditch spoil, with the ditching facing north. There are two main parts: an eastern dyke that runs between Savernake Forest, West Woods and Morgan's Hill in Wiltshire, and a western dyke that runs from Monkton Combe to the ancient hill fort of Maes Knoll in historic Somerset. Between these two dykes, there is a middle section formed by the remains of the London-to-Bath Roman road.