hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Ford (American football)
Thomas Ford (b. c. 1982) is an American college football coach, currently the head coach at the University of Idaho, a position he has held since December 2024. He was the head coach at Stadium High School in Tacoma, Washington, from 2014 to 2017 and Simon Fraser University from 2018 to 2019. Ford also coached for Linfield, Southeastern Oklahoma State, Puget Sound, Washington, Idaho, and Oregon State. He played college football for Linfield as a running back and graduated from Mountlake Terrace High School, north of Seattle.

Oregon State Beavers football
The Oregon State Beavers football team represents Oregon State University in NCAA Division I FBS college football. The team first fielded an organized football team in 1893 and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference.

Their home games are played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon.
Iliofemoral ligament
The iliofemoral ligament is a thick and very tough triangular capsular ligament of the hip joint situated anterior to this joint. It attaches superiorly at the inferior portion of the anterior inferior iliac spine and adjacent portion of the margin of the acetabulum; it attaches inferiorly at the intertrochanteric line.

It is also referred to as the Y-ligament (see below). the ligament of Bigelow, the ligament of Bertin and any combinations of these names.

With a force strength exceeding 350 kg (772 lbs), the iliofemoral ligament is not only stronger than the two other ligaments of the hip joint, the ischiofemoral and the pubofemoral, but also the strongest ligament in the human body and as such is an important constraint to the hip joint.

Ligament
A ligament is a type of fibrous connective tissue in the body that connects bones to other bones. It also connects flight feathers to bones, in dinosaurs and birds. All 30,000 species of amniotes (land animals with internal bones) have ligaments.

It is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament.
Atarshumki I
Atarshumki I (also Bar-Guš, Atarsumki, Attar-sumkī) was the King of Bit Agusi in ancient Syria; he was the son of Arames (Hadram, Hadrame; Assyrian: Adramu, Arame). The capital of Bit Agusi at that time was Arpad.

Arpad, Syria
Arpad (Old Aramaic: 𐡀𐡓𐡐𐡃, romanized: ʾRPD; Biblical Hebrew: אַרְפַּד, romanized: ʾArpaḏ or אַרְפָּד, ʾArpāḏ; modern Tell Rifaat, Syria) was an ancient Aramaean Neo-Hittite city located in north-western Syria, north of Aleppo. It became the capital of the Aramaean state of Bit Agusi established by Gusi of Yakhan in the 9th century BC. Bit Agusi stretched from the A'zaz area in the north to Hamath in the south.

Arpad later became a major vassal city of the Kingdom of Urartu. In 743 BC, during the Urartu-Assyria War, the Neo-Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser III laid siege to Arpad following the defeat of the Urartuan army of Sarduri II at Samsat. But the city of Arpad did not surrender easily. It took Tiglath-Pileser three years of siege to conquer Arpad, whereupon he massacred its inhabitants and destroyed the city. Afterward Arpad served as a provincial capital. Tell Rifaat, which is probably the remains of Arpad, has walls still preserved to a height of eight meters.
Saturday Night (Sandi Thom song)
"Saturday Night" is a song performed by Scottish singer Sandi Thom. It was released as the second single of Thoms second album The Pink & The Lily and her fifth single overall. The song was named as "Single of the Week" by Radio 2 and received extensive airplay on the station. It was released on 25 August 2008. It is a download release for the UK market only.  A planned CD single format release was abandoned. Despite numerous promotional appearances on television, radio and press interviews the single failed to enter the UK Top 100 on its release.

The Pink & the Lily
The Pink & The Lily is the second studio album by the Scottish singer Sandi Thom, released in both the United Kingdom and Ireland on 26 May 2008 by RCA Records. The album had been released on iTunes on 24 May 2008. The album is a mix of pop and folk songs – written by Thom herself, alongside other writers including her boyfriend, Jake Field, and Tom Gilbert, and produced by Jake Field and Duncan Thompson, who work under the alias of The Mighty Vibrations.

The album entered the UK Albums Chart at number 25, then dropped to 65 the following week, before dropping out of the top 75.
22nd PMPC Star Awards for Television
The 22nd PMPC Star Awards for TV ceremony was held at the SMX Convention Center, SM Mall of Asia, Pasay on November 30, 2008, and broadcast over TV5 on December 2, 2008. The ceremony was hosted by Paolo Bediones, Gabby Concepcion, Anne Curtis and Judy Ann Santos and directed by Al Quinn.

SMX Convention Center Manila
The SMX Convention Center Manila, also simply known as SMX Manila, is a convention center located in Pasay, Philippines. It is the largest private venue in the Philippines for trade events, industry conventions, corporate functions, and international exhibitions. The building is located beside the SM Mall of Asia, and is considered part of the Mall of Asia Complex. It is owned by the company of the same name. It can fit approximately 6,000 people.
Shane Wilkin
Shane Wilkin (born August 8, 1970) is an American politician serving as a member of the Ohio State Senate. He previously served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 91st district from 2018 to 2023.  A Republican, Wilkin's house district included all of Clinton, Highland and Pike counties and portions of Ross county. Prior to serving in the state House, Wilkin served three terms as a Highland County Commissioner. Professionally, he works as a realtor.

In 2018, Wilkin entered the primary to succeed Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives Cliff Rosenberger, but unexpectedly was appointed to Rosenberger's seat after the Speaker resigned following a campaign finance scandal. Wilkin was appointed after winning the Republican primary for the seat, defeating Rosenberger's preferred candidate, Beth Ann Ellis. He easily won the general election.

Clinton County, Ohio
Clinton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 42,018. Its county seat and largest city is Wilmington. The county is named for former U.S. Vice President George Clinton. Clinton County comprises the Wilmington, Ohio Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Cincinnati-Wilmington-Maysville, OH-KY-IN Combined Statistical Area.
Takura
Takura Tendayi is a Zimbabwean singer and songwriter. He is well known for his frequent collaborations with Chase & Status and Sub Focus, as well as many other dubstep and drum and bass artists. His guest appearances have accumulated over 17 million views on YouTube , and his song "Flashing Lights" has charted in the United Kingdom at number 98 in the UK Singles Chart and number 15 in the UK Dance Chart. He managed to share a stage with Plan B and also co-wrote Rihanna's 2009 single "Wait Your Turn" which has over 28 million views on YouTube. This song was charted at number 45 in the UK Singles Chart. On 10 September 2013, Door Policy released the three-track EP No Cover Charge for free download. It features a guest appearance from "Traktor" singer L Marshall.

Sub Focus
Nicolaas Douwma (born 13 April 1982), better known by his stage name Sub Focus, is an English DJ, music producer, songwriter and sound engineer. He has been releasing records since 2003. On 12 October 2009, he released his self-titled debut album. He released his second album, Torus, on 30 September 2013. Douwma's album in collaboration with Wilkinson titled Portals was released on 9 October 2020 through Casablanca Records. His fourth album, Evolve, was released on 12 May 2023.
Pallasite
The pallasites are a class of stony-iron meteorite. They are relatively rare, and can be distinguished by the presence of large olivine crystal inclusions in the ferro-nickel matrix.

These crystals represent mantle and core material from differentiated planetesimals, which were destroyed by violent collisions during the early formation of the Solar System.

Planetesimal
Planetesimals (/ˌplænɪˈtɛsɪməlz/) are solid objects thought to exist in protoplanetary disks and debris disks. Believed to have formed in the Solar System about 4.6 billion years ago, they aid study of its formation.
Bartochów
Bartochów [barˈtɔxuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south of Warta, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 59 km (37 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Mark West, California
Mark West is an unincorporated community immediately north of Santa Rosa, California  in Sonoma County, California,  United States.  Mark West is located along Mark West Springs Road adjacent to U.S. Highway 101.  The community of Mark West is named for Scottish American pioneer William Marcus West.

After the San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad was extended to Cloverdale in the 1870s, its trains stopped in Mark West.

Santa Rosa, California
Santa Rosa (Spanish for "Saint Rose") is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, in the North Bay region of the Bay Area in California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 178,127. It is the largest city in California's Wine Country and Redwood Coast. It is the fifth most populous city in the Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 27th-most populous city in California.
Wahnata County, Minnesota Territory
Wahnata County was an extinct county in Minnesota Territory. Created as one of the original 9 counties in 1849, Wahnata County was located south of Mahkahto County and north of Dakota County. It was bounded to the north by a line from the mouth of the Crow Wing River to the Missouri River, and to the south by a line from the Clearwater River to the Missouri River. The population was 160 at the 1850 United States census.

The name is recorded as "Wahnahta" by the 1st Minnesota Territorial Legislature and the 1850 United States census.

The county was dissolved in 1851 to form Pembina County and Cass County. Parts of the original county are now parts of 24 counties.

Kittson County, Minnesota
Kittson County is a county in the northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Minnesota along the Canada–US border, south of the Canadian province of Manitoba. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,207. Its county seat is Hallock.
Francis Ngai
Ngai Wah Sing Francis (Chinese: 魏華星) is a Hong Kong entrepreneur and venture philanthropist. He is the Founder and CEO of Social Ventures Hong Kong (SVhk), a venture philanthropic organisation, and co-founded several Hong Kong social enterprises, including Green Monday, RunOurCity and Playtao Foreverland. He currently serves as a Board Member of the Asia Venture Philanthropy Network.

Ngai was recognised as The Purpose Economy's 100 Asia Pioneers in 2014, a Young Global Leader of the World Economic Forum in 2012 and chosen as one of Hong Kong's Ten Outstanding Young Persons in 2011.

Ngai graduated from the City University of Hong Kong and was conferred as an Honorary Fellow by the University in 2013. He is also an avid marathoner.

City University of Hong Kong
The City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) is a public university in Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was founded in 1984 as the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong and formally established as the City University of Hong Kong in 1994.

The university currently has ten main schools offering courses in business, science, engineering, liberal arts and social sciences, law, and veterinary medicine, along with the Chow Yei Ching School of Graduate Studies, CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, and Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study.
Laura Mikkola
Laura Imola Mikkola (born 3 February 1974 in Helsinki) is a Finnish pianist.

Laura Mikkola, having previously won Pretoria's UNISA TRANSNET and Helsinki's Maj Lind competitions, and been awarded the XII Paloma O'Shea Competition's contemporary music prize and a grant prize, was second to Markus Groh at the XIII Queen Elisabeth Music Competition. She has performed internationally since the mid-90s.

There are a lot of CD recordings from different labels available (Naxos, ECM, BIS, René Gally, AEON, Cascavelle, and Outhere). She is well known for her recordings of Einojuhani Rautavaara's Piano Concertos and piano works for Naxos Records.

In  2020, she recorded the works of Svein Hundsnes and Légendes, the first monographic CD of the French composer David Chaillou for the label Fuga Libera. Légendes received five stars from the RBB-Kultur (Berlin). She is also a leading interpreter of the piano works by the Finnish composer Einojuhani Rautavaara.

Naxos (company)
Naxos comprises numerous companies, divisions, imprints, and labels specializing in classical music but also audiobooks and other genres. The premier label is Naxos Records, which focuses on classical music. Naxos Musical Group encompasses about 17 labels including Naxos Records, Naxos Audiobooks, and Naxos Books (ebooks). They distribute a number of additional labels that are independent of the Naxos Musical Group with a wide range of offerings.

The company was founded in 1987 by Klaus Heymann, a German-born resident of Hong Kong. In September 2025, Kuke Music Holding Ltd (NYSE: KUKE), a leading classical music services platform in China, acquired a controlling interest in Naxos Music Group for US$106 million.
Letanovce
Letanovce (Hungarian: Létánfalva) is a village and municipality in the Spišská Nová Ves District in the Košice Region of central-eastern Slovakia.

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1250.

The village lies at an altitude of 511 metres and covers an area of 21.38 km2.

As of 2011 it has a population of 2,133 inhabitants; about 70% are Slovaks, 20% are Roma.

Košice Region
The Košice Region (Slovak: Košický kraj, IPA: [ˈkɔʂitskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Kassai kerület; Ukrainian: Кошицький край, romanized: Košyćkyj kraj) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. The region was first established in 1923 and its present borders were established in 1996. It consists of 11 districts (okresy) and 440 municipalities, 17 of which have a town status. About one third of the region's population lives in the agglomeration of Košice, which is its main economic and cultural centre.
Gaff Topsails
Gaff Topsail is an abandoned railway settlement located in the interior of Newfoundland, Canada, between the communities of Millertown Junction to the east and Kitty's Brook to the west. The population was entirely composed of railway workers who worked on the Newfoundland Railway and their families.

The Topsails takes its name from the surrounding landscape which includes Main Topsail, Mizzen Topsail, Gaff Topsail and Fore Topsail which are geologically classified as monadnocks. The Topsails rise 61–122 metres (200–400 feet) above the general surface of the central plateau of Newfoundland. It is a barren land, rocky and windswept and in winter is renowned for its tremendous snowdrifts.  The area is known for its spectacular scenery and in winter the huge snowdrifts that played havoc with the railway.

Inselberg
An inselberg or monadnock (/məˈnædnɒk/ mə-NAD-nok) is an isolated rock hill, knob, ridge, or small mountain that rises abruptly from a gently sloping or virtually level surrounding plain.
If the inselberg is dome-shaped and formed from granite or gneiss, it can also be called a bornhardt, though not all bornhardts are inselbergs. An inselberg results when a body of rock resistant to erosion, such as granite, occurring within a body of softer rocks, is exposed by differential erosion and lowering of the surrounding landscape.
Matthew Wolfe Davidson
Matthew Wolfe Davidson is a United States Air Force major general who serves as the commander of the Second Air Force. He previously served as the deputy director of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency from 2023 to 2024.

Davidson is a 1993 graduate from Oklahoma State University's Reserve Officer Training Corps program. He is a career Special Tactics Officer and has led special operations forces during operations Provide Comfort II, Assured Response, Joint Endeavor, Enduring Freedom – Philippines, Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. He commanded at the squadron, group and wing levels and led joint operations as the Chief of Staff for Special Operations Command Central. Prior to assuming his current assignment, Davidson served as the Executive Officer to the Air Force Chief of Staff.

Defense Threat Reduction Agency
The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is both a defense agency and a combat support agency within the United States Department of Defense (DoD) for countering weapons of mass destruction (WMD; chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high explosives) and supporting the nuclear enterprise. Its stated mission is to provide "cross-cutting solutions to enable the Department of Defense, the United States Government, and international partners to Deter strategic attack against the United States and its allies; Prevent, reduce, and counter WMD and emerging threats; and Prevail against WMD-armed adversaries in crisis and conflict." DTRA is headquartered in Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The DTRA mission, organization and management, responsibilities and functions, relationships, authorities, and administration are defined in DoD Directive 5105.62, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA).
Charles T. Holt House
Charles T. Holt House is a historic home located at Haw River, Alamance County, North Carolina. It was designed by architect George Franklin Barber and built in 1897.  The house is a 2+1⁄2-story, rectangular dwelling sheathed in wood, slate, brick and stone in the Queen Anne style.  It features peaks, turrets and decorative chimney stacks. Also on the property are the contributing carriage house, servant's quarters, gas house, corn crib, barn, and well house. It was built  for textile businessman Charles T Holt, the son of Thomas Michael Holt, governor of North Carolina, and his wife Gena Jones Holt, the daughter of Thomas Goode Jones, governor of Alabama.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Alamance County, North Carolina
Alamance County (/ˈæləmæns/ ⓘ) is a county in North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,415. Its county seat is Graham. Formed in 1849 from Orange County to the east, Alamance County has been the site of significant historical events, textile manufacturing, and agriculture.

Alamance County comprises the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 1,736,099 in 2023.
Sereny test
The Sereny test is a test used to test the invasiveness of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, Shigella species, and Listeria monocytogenes.

It is done by inoculating suspension of bacteria into guinea pig's eye. Severe mucopurulent conjunctivitis and severe keratitis indicates a positive test.

Shigella
Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia coli. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who discovered it in 1897.

Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals; it is the causative agent of human shigellosis. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas. During infection, it typically causes dysentery.

Shigella is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, with 80–165 million annual cases (estimated) and 74,000 to 600,000 deaths. It is one of the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.
Robert Beardsley
Robert Cruce Beardsley (28 January 1942 - 16 December 2025) was an American oceanographer, focused on observational and numerical model studies of wind-, tidal-, and buoyancy-driven currents, mixing, and air-sea forcing on the continental shelf and marginal seas and on the impact of physical processes on biological processes and ecosystem dynamics. He was Scientist Emeritus at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

He was an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

He died on 16 December 2025, aged 83.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI, acronym pronounced /ˈhuːi/ HOO-ee) is a private, nonprofit research and higher education facility dedicated to the study of marine science and engineering.

Established in 1930 in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, it is the largest independent oceanographic research institution in the U.S., with staff and students numbering about 1,000.
Highland Park, Yavapai County, Arizona
Highland Park, also known as Highland Pines, is a populated place situated near Prescott and within the Prescott National Forest, in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. Highland Pines is the promotional name associated with the Highland Park areas several subdivisions. In the Arizona Territorial era up to 1912, and Statehood until around the late 1920s, this particular area of land acted as a cattle ranch with a mining history, lies within the Thumb Butte Mining District, which appears to be initially platted by the Arizona Corporation Highland Pine Properties Inc. beginning in the late 1950s.

Subdivision (land)
Subdivisions are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop, usually via a plat. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.  If it is used for housing it is typically known as a housing subdivision or housing development, although some developers tend to call these areas communities.

Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail shopping malls with independently owned out parcels to industrial parks.
Jan Janszoon van Hoorn's expedition of 1633
Jan Janszoon van Hoorn's expedition of 1633 was a privateering voyage commissioned by the Dutch West India Company (WIC) against colonial Honduras and Yucatan in New Spain as part of the colonial theatre of the Eighty Years' War. It resulted in various casualties, the sacking of Campeche, and the sacking and burning of Trujillo. Consequently, this villa was left defenceless for the rest of the 1630s.

Captaincy General of Guatemala
The Captaincy General of Guatemala (Spanish: Capitanía General de Guatemala), also known as the Kingdom of Guatemala (Spanish: Reino de Guatemala), was an administrative division of the Spanish Empire, under the viceroyalty of New Spain in Central America, including present-day Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and the Mexican state of Chiapas. The governor-captain general was also president of the Royal Audiencia of Guatemala, the superior court.