hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 ATP Finals – Singles
Jannik Sinner defeated Taylor Fritz in the final, 6–4, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 ATP Finals. Sinner became the first Italian to win the title, and did not drop a set en route, the first player to do so since Ivan Lendl in 1986. He dropped just 33 games to win the title, the fewest in the tournament's history. Fritz was the first American to reach the championship match since James Blake in 2006.

Novak Djokovic was the two-time reigning champion and qualified this year, but withdrew from the tournament due to injury. This marked the first edition of the tournament with none of the Big Three since 2001.

Alex de Minaur made his debut at the event.

Alex de Minaur
Alex de Miñaur Román (born 17 February 1999) is an Australian professional tennis player. He has been ranked by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) as high as world No. 6 in singles, which he achieved on 15 July 2024, and No. 58 in doubles, attained on 12 October 2020. He is the current No. 1 singles player from Australia.

De Minaur has won eleven ATP Tour titles in singles and one in doubles. He has reached seven major quarterfinals. He represents Australia at the Davis Cup.
Honor Crowley
Honor Mary Crowley (née Boland; 19 October 1903 – 18 October 1966) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kerry South constituency from 1945 to 1966.

She was one of five daughters of the MP John Pius Boland, who won gold medals in Tennis at the 1896 Olympics in Athens. He was a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party, and represented South Kerry from 1900 until 1918.

A social worker before entering politics, Crowley was first elected to the 12th Dáil at the by-election on 4 December 1945 caused by the death of her husband, Fianna Fáil TD Frederick Crowley. She was re-elected at the next six general elections, and died in 1966 while still in office. She was the first woman to represent Ireland on a delegation to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, which she did between 1954 and 1957.

The 1966 by-election following her death was won by the Fianna Fáil candidate, John O'Leary.

Her sister Bridget Boland was a playwright.

Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills.
Battle Dome
Battle Dome is a syndicated American television series that aired from September 1999 to April 2001. It combined elements of American Gladiators – inspired athletic competition – with scripted antics more reminiscent of professional wrestling. Recurring character-athletes known as "Warriors" competed against weekly contestants in a variety of physically demanding (and sometimes dangerous) events.  The series was filmed at the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena and produced by Columbia TriStar Television.

The entire second season of Battle Dome is available for purchase on iTunes and Amazon Video.

Mill Creek Entertainment announced the complete series on DVD.

Columbia TriStar Television
Columbia TriStar Television, Inc. (abbreviated as CTT) was an American television production and distribution company, which was active from February 21, 1994 until its reincorporation as Sony Pictures Television on September 16, 2002. It was the third iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
Eight Principles of Yong
The Eight Principles of Yong are used by calligraphers to practice how to write the eight most common strokes in regular script, using the fact that they are all present in the character 永; yǒng; ''forever'', ''permanence''. It was believed that the frequent practice of these principles as such when beginning one's study could ensure beauty in the Chinese calligrapher's writing.

The Eight Principles are influenced by the Eastern Jin-era Seven Powers (七勢) by Lady Wei Shuo. Publications on the principles include:

The Tang-era Praise to the Eight Principles of "Yong" (永字八法頌) by Liu Zongyuan

The Tang-era Praise to the Eight Principles of "Yong" (永字八法頌) by Yan Zhenqing

The Yuan-era Eight Ways to Explain "Yong" (永字八法解) by Li Puguang, which provides two-character metaphorical names

Yan Zhenqing
Yan Zhenqing (simplified Chinese: 颜真卿; traditional Chinese: 顏真卿; pinyin: Yán Zhēnqīng; Wade–Giles: Yen Chen-ch'ing; 709 – 23 August 784) was a Chinese calligrapher, military general, and politician. He was a leading Chinese calligrapher and a loyal governor of the Tang dynasty. His artistic accomplishment in Chinese calligraphy is equal to that of the greatest master calligraphers of history, and his regular script style, Yan, has often been imitated.
Claiborne Avenue
Claiborne Avenue is a major thoroughfare in New Orleans, Louisiana. It runs the length of the city, about 9.5 miles (15.3 km), beginning at the Jefferson Parish line and ending at the St. Bernard Parish line; the street continues under different names in both directions. It is called South Claiborne Avenue upriver from Canal Street and North Claiborne Avenue from Canal to St. Bernard Parish.

New Orleans' longest street was named in honor of William C. C. Claiborne, the first United States governor of Louisiana, serving during both the territorial period and as the first governor under statehood. New Orleans was the capital city in those days of the early 19th century.

St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
St. Bernard Parish (French: Paroisse de Saint-Bernard; Spanish: Parroquia de San Bernardo) is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat and largest community is Chalmette. The parish was formed in 1807. St. Bernard Parish is part of the New Orleans–Metairie metropolitan statistical area; the parish is located southeast of the city of New Orleans and comprises the Chandeleur Islands and Chandeleur Sound in the east.

St. Bernard was the fastest growing parish in Louisiana from 2010 to 2020, increasing from a population of 35,897 in the 2010 census to 43,764 in 2020. It remains at less than two-thirds of its 2000 population of 67,229, prior to Hurricane Katrina.
Nick Taylor (cricketer, born 1996)
Nicholas Taylor (born 20 March 1996) is an English first-class cricketer, and mathematician.

Taylor was born at Huntingdon in March 1996. He was educated at The Perse School, before going up to St Catherine's College, Oxford to study mathematics. While studying at Oxford, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Cambridge University in The University Match at Cambridge in 2017. From Oxford, Taylor went on to Clare College, Cambridge, to study for a doctorate in plant sciences. While at Cambridge, Taylor played in the 2019 University Match for Cambridge, scoring 59 runs in the Cambridge second innings, having been dismissed without scoring by Toby Pettman. He was chosen to captain Cambridge for the 2020 season, which was disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England, but did captain the university in its final Varsity Match with first-class status.

Huntingdon
Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there in 1599 and became one of its Members of Parliament (MP) in 1628. The former Conservative Prime Minister (1990–1997) John Major served as its MP from 1979 until his retirement in 2001.
Pant Glas
Pant Glas (Welsh for 'green hollow'; as in other Celtic languages, "glas" may mean both 'green' and 'blue') is a hamlet on the A487 road in Gwynedd, Wales, in the community of Clynnog. Historically in Caernarfonshire, it is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) south of Caernarfon, 9 miles (14 km) north-west of Porthmadog, and 10 miles (16 km) north-east of Pwllheli. Nearby is the former Pant Glas railway station on the closed Carnarvonshire Railway. The station closed in January 1957. The railway closed in 1964 and has since been replaced with the Lôn Eifion cycle track. Also nearby is the Arfon transmitting station, the tallest structure in Wales.

Welsh opera singer Sir Bryn Terfel was brought up at Fferm Nant Cyll Ucha, located just outside the hamlet.

In February 2005, the speed limit for the A487 in Pant Glas was reduced from  50 mph (80 km/h) to 40 mph (64 km/h).

Arfon transmitting station
The Arfon transmitting station is a facility for FM, DAB digital radio and television transmission near the villages of Nebo and Nasareth in Gwynedd, northwestern Wales (grid reference SH476493). It includes a 308.5 m (1,012 ft) guyed mast with antennas attached at various heights. The mast is surmounted by a television transmitting antenna, which brings the total height of the structure to 317.4 m (1,041 ft), making it the tallest structure in Wales. It is owned and operated by Arqiva.
Catalina García González
Catalina García González (1888–1959) was a Spanish woman who was the first woman in Spain to obtain a driving licence in 1925, as well as the country's first female bus driver. She went on to establish the first bus line between Cofiñal and Boñar, which she had initially established in 1908 using a horse-drawn carriage.

Boñar
The municipality of Boñar (Spanish pronunciation: [boˈɲaɾ]) is located in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. As per the 2010 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 2,085 inhabitants with almost all of the residents living in the main town of Boñar. In addition to Boñar, the municipality includes the villages of Adrados, Barrio de las Ollas, Las Bodas, Cerecedo, Colle, Llama, Felechas, Grandoso, Orones, Oville, Poblado del Pantano, Remellán, Rucayo, Valdecastillo, Valdehuesa, La Vega de Boñar, Veneros, Vozmediano, and Voznuevo. Most surrounding villages in the municipality of Boñar have between 10 and 30 permanent residents, but some of the larger villages have up to 250 villagers.
Terence MacManus
Terence Bellew MacManus (born 1811 or 1823 – 15 January 1861) was an Irish rebel who participated in the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848.  Sentenced to death for treason, he and several other participants were given commuted sentences in 1849 and transported for life to Van Diemen's Land in Australia. Three years later in 1852, MacManus escaped and emigrated to the United States.

He lived in San Francisco, California until his death in 1861.  There he was unable to re-establish his career.  His body was returned to Dublin for burial, where the Fenians gave him a large funeral in honor of his part in the rebellion.

MacManus was notable for his statement in court in 1848; he explained his actions by saying: "...[I]t was not because I loved England less, but because I loved Ireland more."

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Lady Triệu
Lady Triệu (Vietnamese: Bà Triệu, [ɓàː t͡ɕiə̂ˀu], Chữ Nôm: 婆趙, died 248 AD) or Triệu Ẩu ([t͡ɕiə̂ˀu ʔə̂u], Chữ Hán: 趙嫗) was a female warrior in 3rd century Vietnam who managed, for a time, to resist the rule of the Chinese Eastern Wu dynasty. She is also called Triệu Thị Trinh, although her actual given name is unknown. She is quoted as saying, "I want to ride storms, kill orcas in the open sea, drive out the aggressors, reconquer the country and undo the ties of serfdom, not to bend my back to be the concubine of whatever man." The uprising of Lady Triệu is usually depicted in modern Vietnamese National History as one of many chapters constituting a "long national independence struggle to end foreign domination." She is also known as Lệ Hải Bà Vương (chữ Hán: 麗海婆王, lit. "beautiful sea's lady king").

Jiaozhi
Jiaozhi (standard Chinese, pinyin: Jiāozhǐ, Vietnamese: Giao Chỉ), was a historical region ruled by various Chinese dynasties, corresponding to present-day northern Vietnam. The kingdom of Nanyue (204–111 BC) set up the Jiaozhi Commandery (Chinese: 交趾郡, 交阯郡; Vietnamese: Quận Giao Chỉ, chữ Hán: 郡交趾) an administrative division centered in the Red River Delta that existed through Vietnam's first and second periods of Chinese rule. During the Han dynasty, the commandery was part of a province of the same name (later renamed to Jiaozhou) that covered modern-day northern and central Vietnam as well as Guangdong and Guangxi in southern China. In 679 AD, Jiaozhi was absorbed into the Annan Protectorate established by the Tang dynasty. Afterwards, official use of the name Jiaozhi was superseded by "Annan" (Annam) and other names of Vietnam, except during the brief fourth period of Chinese rule when the Ming dynasty administered Vietnam as the Jiaozhi Province.
2020–21 UEFA Nations League
The 2020–21 UEFA Nations League was the second season of the UEFA Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the 55 member associations of UEFA. The competition was held from September to November 2020 (league phase), October 2021 (Nations League Finals) and March 2022 (relegation play-outs).

Portugal were the defending champions, having won the inaugural 2019 finals. However, they failed to qualify for the 2021 finals after finishing second in their group behind France. None of the teams that had qualified for the previous UEFA Nations League Finals qualified for the 2021 edition.

France won the final 2–1 against Spain for their first UEFA Nations League title.

2019 UEFA Nations League Finals
The 2019 UEFA Nations League Finals was the final tournament of the 2018–19 edition of the UEFA Nations League, the inaugural season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the 55 member associations of UEFA. The tournament was held in Portugal from 5 to 9 June 2019, and was contested by the four group winners of Nations League A. The tournament consisted of two semi-finals, a third place play-off, and final to determine the inaugural champions of the UEFA Nations League.

Portugal won the final 1–0 against the Netherlands to become the inaugural champions of the UEFA Nations League.
Jens Quistgaard
Jens Harald Quistgaard (April 23, 1919 – January 4, 2008) was a Danish sculptor and designer, known principally for his work for the American company Dansk Designs, where he was chief designer from 1954 and for the following three decades.

Though a sculptor and grounded in traditional handicrafts, he quickly established a career as an industrial designer. From the mid-1950s his tableware and kitchenware designs became synonymous with Scandinavian modern and found their way into millions of homes in the US, Europe and Japan. With his international orientation and success he was groundbreaking, and he had great significance for the place which Danish design acquired in the minds of many Americans.

In 1958, he received the Neiman Marcus Award and during the following years he was represented at major museums in Europe and the USA. Many of Jens Quistgaard's works are still produced today.

Lunning Prize
The Lunning Prize was instituted by Frederik Lunning, owner of Georg Jensen Inc. (New York City) the New York agency for Georg Jensen.  The prize was awarded to eminent Scandinavian designers, two each year, from 1951 to 1970.  The recipients were selected by a group of peers from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.

The Lunning Prize and its recipients were instrumental in establishing the concept and profile of Scandinavian Design, both at home and abroad, during this vital period.
Xin Co
Xin Co (Chinese: 新错, Tibetan: ཤིན་མཚོ) is a high-altitude glacial lake situated at 4,820 meters (15,814 ft) in Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Covering 26 km2, it lies within the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountain range and feeds the upper reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. The lake's turquoise waters, with pH levels averaging 8.3, support endemic species such as the Tibetan snowtrout (Schizopygopsis thermalis) and migratory black-necked cranes (Grus nigricollis). Its shoreline hosts rare alpine flora, including Rhododendron nivale and cushion plant communities (Androsace tapete), adapted to temperatures as low as -30 °C.

Black-necked crane
The black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis) is a medium-sized crane in Asia that breeds on the Tibetan Plateau and remote parts of India and Bhutan. It is 139 cm (55 in) long with a 235 cm (7.71 ft) wingspan, and it weighs 5.5 kg (12 lb). It is whitish-gray, with a black head, red crown patch, black upper neck and legs, and white patch to the rear of the eye. It has black primaries and secondaries. Both sexes are similar. Some populations are known to make seasonal movements. It is revered in Buddhist traditions and culturally protected across much of its range. A festival in Bhutan celebrates the bird while the Indian union territory of Ladakh has designated it as the state bird.
Hammerfest District Court
Hammerfest District Court (Norwegian: Hammerfest tingrett) was a district court based in the town of Hammerfest in Finnmark county, Norway. The court served the northern part of the county which included Hammerfest Municipality, Hasvik Municipality, Måsøy Municipality, and Nordkapp Municipality. The court was subordinate to the Hålogaland Court of Appeal. The court was led by the chief judge (Sorenskriver) Anders Flock Bachmann. This court employed a chief judge, two other judges and three prosecutors.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Lay judge
A lay judge, sometimes called a lay assessor, is a person assisting a judge in a trial. Lay judges are used in some civil law jurisdictions. Lay judges are appointed volunteers and often require some legal instruction. However, they are not permanent officers. They attend proceedings about once a month, and often receive only nominal or "costs covered" pay. Lay judges are usually used when the country does not have juries. Lay judges may be randomly selected for a single trial (as jurors are), or politically appointed. In the latter case they may usually not be rejected by the prosecution, the defense, or the permanent judges. Lay judges are similar to magistrates of England and Wales, but magistrates sit about twice as often.
Proposed federal subjects of Russia
Numerous proposed federal subjects have been put forward since the dissolution of the Soviet Union that would partition existing federal subjects of the Russian Federation. Many new federal subjects were declared in the 1990s, most of them were not recognized, while others, like Adygea and Altai Republics, which were previously autonomous oblasts, were recognized.

While some breakaway states of the former Soviet Union have petitioned to joined Russia, the historical context is too different to be included in this article.

Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union
Autonomous oblasts of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics were administrative units created for a number of smaller nations, which were given autonomy within the fifteen republics of the USSR.

According to the constitution of the USSR, in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.
Frank Jerwood
Frederick Harold Jerwood known as Frank Jerwood (29 November 1885, Keighley – 17 July 1971) was an English clergyman and rower who competed for Great Britain in the 1908 Summer Olympics, winning a bronze medal.

The son of Rev. Thomas Frederick Jerwood, rector of Little Bowden, Jerwood was educated at Oakham School and Jesus College, Cambridge and rowed as bowman for the winning Cambridge eight in the Boat Race in 1908. He was bow in the Cambridge crew which competed in the eights and won the bronze medal for Great Britain rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Jerwood took holy orders in 1911 and first served as curate at All Saints' Church, Northampton. He became chaplain at Oakham School (1914–37) where he commanded the OTC. In July 1914 he married Lilian West at Little Bowden. In 1938 he accepted the benefice of Mountsorrel. He became rector of Burton Overy from 1945 until his retirement in 1958.

Jerwood died at the age of 85.

Little Bowden
Little Bowden is an area on the edge of Market Harborough in the Harborough district, in the county of Leicestershire, England. As a village it was formerly part of Northamptonshire. The River Jordan runs through part of the area.
Carlos Hermosillo
Carlos Manuel Hermosillo Goytortúa (born 24 August 1964) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a forward. He is also known as El Grandote de Cerro Azul ("The big tall one from Cerro Azul").

A prolific striker, Hermosillo stands as the all-time leading scorer for Cruz Azul and the second-highest goal scorer in the history of the Mexican football league, surpassed only by Cabinho. Over an illustrious 18-year career, he secured seven Primera División titles and claimed the league’s top scorer honor in three consecutive seasons.

On the international stage, Hermosillo made 90 appearances and scored 34 goals. He represented Mexico at the FIFA World Cup in 1986 and 1994.

1996–97 Copa México
The 1996–97 Copa México was the 67th staging of the Copa México Afootball tournament and the 40th staging in the professional era. The competition did not return until 2012.

The competition started on June 28, 1996, and concluded on August 3, 1996, with the final, in which Cruz Azul lifted the trophy for second time, with a 2-0 victory over Toros Neza.

For this edition was played by 33 teams, between Primera División and Primera División A, where the group winners advance to the semi-finals.  In the qualifying round, a penalty shootout follows if the game is a tie after regulation time. the group stage was a 1-game serie.
Simone van de Kraats
Simone van de Kraats (born 15 November 2000) is a Dutch water polo player. She competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics and became the topscorer of the tournament with 28 goals in 7 matches.

She also represented the Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics, winning a bronze medal in the women's tournament.

Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan was played from 24 July to 7 August 2021 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the sixth appearance of the women's tournament, which had been held consecutively since 2000 and also was the first time on history that the tournament had 10 teams competing.

On 24 March 2020, the Olympics were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the pandemic, the games were played behind closed doors.

The United States won their third consecutive and overall gold medal after a finals win over Spain, while Hungary captured the bronze medal, beating defending bronze medalists Russia.

The medals for the competition were presented by Samira Asghari, Afghanistan; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Dale Neuburger, United States; FINA Treasurer.