hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Interglossa
Interglossa (lit. "between + language") is a constructed language devised by biologist Lancelot Hogben during World War II, as an attempt to put the international lexicon of science and technology, mainly of Greek and Latin origin, into a language with a purely isolating grammar. Interglossa was published in 1943 as just a draft of an auxiliary. Hogben applied semantic principles to provide a reduced vocabulary of just over 880 words which might suffice for basic conversation among peoples of different nationality.

A descendant of Interglossa is Glosa (1970s–), which expanded and made changes to the words of the language.

Isolating language
An isolating language is a type of language with a morpheme per word ratio close to one, and with no inflectional morphology whatsoever. In the extreme case, each word contains a single morpheme. Examples of widely spoken isolating languages are Yoruba in West Africa and Vietnamese (especially its colloquial register) in Southeast Asia.

A closely related concept is that of an analytic language, which uses unbound morphemes or syntactical constructions to indicate grammatical relationships. Isolating and analytic languages tend to overlap in linguistic scholarship.

Isolating languages contrast with synthetic languages, also called inflectional languages, where words often consist of multiple morphemes. Synthetic languages are subdivided into the classifications fusional, agglutinative, and polysynthetic, which are based on how the morphemes are combined.
Coop Creek Bridge
The Coop Creek Bridge is a historic bridge in Sebastian County, Arkansas, just outside the city of Mansfield.  It carries Broadway, designated County Route 62, across Coop Creek just north of Mansfield Lake.  It is a two-span open masonry structure, with one span of 18 feet (5.5 m) and one of 21 feet (6.4 m), with a total structure length of 44 feet (13 m).  The bridge is set on masonry abutments and piers, with a reinforced concrete deck that is lined by simple concrete railings.  It is a well-preserved example of a masonry bridge built in 1940.

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Mansfield, Arkansas
Mansfield is a city in Scott and Sebastian counties in Arkansas, United States. The Sebastian County portion of the city is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Mansfield had a population of 1,053.
Elaine Farquharson-Black
Elaine Farquharson-Black (née Farquharson, born 21 March 1968) is a Scottish amateur golfer. She won the Helen Holm Scottish Women's Open Championship in 1987, the Scottish Women's Amateur Championship in 1990 and reached the final of the 1989 Ladies' British Open Amateur Championship. She played in the Curtis Cup in 1990 and 1992 and was the non-playing captain in 2016 and 2018.

Girls Home Internationals
The Girls Home Internationals was an amateur team golf championship for girls between the four Home Nations. Ireland was represented by the whole island of Ireland.The event was organised by The R&A. The inaugural event was held in 1969 and the venue cycled between the four nations. The winning team received the Stroyan Cup. Originally it was played immediately before, and at the same venue, as the Girls Amateur Championship. However it was later held as a separate event. In 2021 the match was replaced by a combined Girls and Boys Home Internationals.

A match between Scotland and England girls had been played since 1935 while Ireland and Wales had also played earlier matches.
711th Demining Brigade (Ukraine)
The 711th Separate Demining Brigade (MUN T0950), formerly the 711th Separate Guard Brigade is a Brigade level military unit of the State Transport Special Service of Ukraine, subordinated to the Ministry of Defense. It is based in Chop and has seen intensive action during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Military Unit Number
A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a unique numeric code assigned to military units of the Soviet Union and some Post-Soviet states. It is usually a four or five digit code for the purpose of identifying units of the armed forces and internal troops.

Military Unit Numbers for ground forces are assigned for a specific military unit (corps, division, brigade, etc.) while for the navy it is assigned to an individual ship. The number is also used for the unit's military mail and other logistics.
A Wizard in Rhyme
A Wizard in Rhyme is a series of fantasy novels by American writer Christopher Stasheff. The series follows the character of Matthew Mantrell, an English literature Ph.D. student, who is transported to a magical world where poetry is used to cast spells. There his knowledge of poetry, gained through his literature studies, establishes him as a powerful wizard and positions him as "lord wizard of the realm". The series consists of eight novels, and is said to have hints of L. Sprague de Camp and Fletcher Pratt.

A Wizard in Rhyme takes place in an alternate history of medieval Europe, featuring several geographical differences (most notably a land-bridge connecting Britain to the mainland) and two major supernatural differences: the existence of magic, which can be influenced by the speaking of rhymed verse; and the established and real presence of the Christian God and Devil, leading to a prevalence of Christian thought and morality.

L. Sprague de Camp
Lyon Sprague de Camp (/ˌspreɪɡdəˈkæmp/; November 27, 1907 – November 6, 2000) was an American author of science fiction, fantasy and non-fiction literature. In a career spanning 60 years, he wrote over 100 books,  including biographies of other fantasy authors. He was a major figure in science fiction in the 1930s and 1940s.
Seth Parks
Seth Parks (born August 21, 1984, in Waterville, Maine) is an American glass artist. Parks' work is displayed at such places as the Black Ensemble Theater Company (Chicago, IL); Buddha Sky Garden (Delray Beach, FL); and the Beverly Hills home of Saudi royalty.

Waterville, Maine
Waterville is a city in Kennebec County, Maine, United States, on the west bank of the Kennebec River. A college town, the city is home to Colby College, a NESCAC college, and Thomas College.

As of the 2020 census the population was 15,828. Along with Augusta, Waterville is one of the principal cities of the Augusta-Waterville, ME Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Newmarket GAA
Newmarket GAA is a Gaelic football and hurling club in Newmarket, County Cork, Ireland which is part of the parish of Newmarket, Taur. Newmarket's football team competes in the Cork Senior A Football Championship and its hurling team competes in the Duhallow Junior A Hurling Championship. Newmarket Gaa were the first club in Duhallow to introduce handball as a sport and are the current county champions in the handball masters.

Cork Senior A Football Championship
The Cork Senior A Football Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as McCarthy Insurance Group Cork County Senior A Football Championship and abbreviated to the Cork SAFC) is an annual club Gaelic football competition organised by the Cork County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association from 2020 for the second tier senior Gaelic football teams in the county of Cork in Ireland.

In its current format, the Cork Senior A Championship begins in early autumn. The 12 participating club teams are divided into three groups of four teams and play each other in a round-robin system. The three group winners and the three runners-up proceed to the knockout phase that culminates with the final match at Páirc Uí Chaoimh.

Five clubs have won the championship. Carrigaline are the title holders after beating Knocknagree by 0–16 to 1–11 in the 2024 final.
First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.

Golden Age of Comic Books
The Golden Age of Comic Books describes an era in the history of American comic books from 1938 to 1956. During this time, modern comic books were first published and rapidly increased in popularity. The superhero archetype was created and many well-known characters were introduced, including Superman, Batman, Robin, Captain Marvel, Captain America, and Wonder Woman.
Enigma (Tak Matsumoto album)
enigma is the eleventh solo studio album by Japanese guitarist Tak Matsumoto, of B'z. It is mostly an instrumental album (except for the title track, its reprise, "Drifting", "Hopes", "Under the Sun" and "#1090 ~Million Dreams~") and it was released by Being Inc. on April 27, 2016, in Japan. The album debuted at #4 on the Oricon weekly album chart and at #18 on the Billboard Japan album chart.

Matsumoto first mentioned an upcoming solo effort during Wowow's live coverage of the 2016 Grammy Awards, in which he was a guest. "Vermillion Palace" and "Mystic Journey" are the opening and ending themes of Tokyo Broadcasting System Television's show The WORLD Heritage, respectively. "Ups and Downs" is the theme to an Ukiyo-e exhibition in the Bunkamura Museum in Tokyo.

B'z
B'z (Japanese: ビーズ, Hepburn: Bīzu) is a Japanese rock duo consisting of guitarist, composer and producer Takahiro "Tak" Matsumoto and vocalist and lyricist Koshi Inaba, known for their energetic hard rock tracks and pop rock ballads. B'z is one of the best-selling music artists in the world and the best-selling in their native Japan by certifications, having released 50 consecutive No. 1 singles, 27 No. 1 albums, and 4 No. 1 EPs on the Oricon music charts, and have sold more than 100 million records worldwide.

In 2003, HMV Japan ranked them at number 30 on their list of the 100 most important Japanese pop acts. In 2007, B'z became the first music act from Asia to have their handprints and signatures put up on Hollywood's RockWalk. In 2008, they were awarded a Guinness World Record for "Best-selling album act in Japan", which also notes them to be the best-selling act in Japan overall.
Jiří Polívka (linguist)
Jiří Polívka (6 March 1858 in Enns – 21 March 1933 in Prague) was a Czech linguist, slavist, literary historian and folklorist. He was a disciple of Jan Gebauer. In 1895, he was appointed professor at Charles University in Prague. He became a corresponding member of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts and a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1901). He was a supporter of Theodor Benfey’s migration theory. His major work was the collection of Slavic Tales (1932) and studies about Slavic dialectology.

Polívka is interred at the Vinohrady Cemetery in Prague.

Theodor Benfey
This is about the German philologist. For Theodor Benfey (born 1925) who developed a spiral periodic table of the elements in 1964, see Otto Theodor Benfey.

Theodor Benfey (German: [ˈteːodoːɐ̯ ˈbɛnfaɪ]; 28 January 1809, in Nörten near Göttingen – 26 June 1881, in Göttingen) was a German philologist and scholar of Sanskrit. His works, particularly his Sanskrit-English dictionary, formed a major contribution to Sanskrit studies.
Jade Lanai
Jade Lanai Oliveira Moreira (born October 15, 2004, in Palmas, Brazil) is a Brazilian Paralympic wheelchair tennis player who represents her country in various international competitions. She has won significant titles in junior circuits, such as the US Open Wheelchair Juniors in both singles and doubles. She is known for her determination to overcome physical challenges and succeed in the sport.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
7th Fighter Aviation Division
The 7th Fighter Aviation Division is a unit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force.  It is headquartered at Zhangjiakou Air Base in the Beijing Military Region.  The unit is equipped with the Chengdu J-7 and Shenyang J-11 fighters.  PLA-AF fighter divisions generally consist of about 17,000 personnel and 70-120 aircraft.

It was originally formed in September 1950 at Dongfeng, Jilin Province, as a fighter unit with the 19th and 21st Regiments.

It was assigned soon after formation to the air force component of the Chinese People's Volunteers as a mixed MiG-9/MiG-15 fighter unit. It did not enter combat in Korea and returned to Northern China in November 1951.

Dongfeng, Dongfeng County
Dongfeng (simplified Chinese: 东丰; traditional Chinese: 東豐; pinyin: Dōngfēng) is a town in and the seat of Dongfeng County in eastern Jilin province, China, located along China National Highway 303 about 45 km (28 mi) from Liaoyuan. As of 2011, it has nine residential communities (社区) and 21 villages under its administration.
Harish Rawat
Harish Singh Rawat (born 27 April 1948) is an Indian politician who served as the   Chief Minister of Uttarakhand from 2014 to 2017. A five-time Member of Parliament, Rawat is a senior leader of the Indian National Congress party. As a member of 15th Lok Sabha, Rawat served as Union Minister of Water Resources in the cabinet of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh from 2012 to 2014. He also worked as Minister of State at the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Food Processing Industries (2011–2012) and Ministry of Labour and Employment (2009–2011).

Ministry of Food Processing Industries
The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MOFPI) is a federal ministry of the Government of India responsible for the formulation and administration of the rules, regulations, and laws related to food processing in India.

The ministry was established in 1988 with the objectives of developing a flourishing food processing industry, bolstering employment in the rural regions, and enabling farmers with modern technology.
Kilkenny (surname)
Kilkenny is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:

Allison Kilkenny (born 1983), American journalist and podcaster

Jimmy Kilkenny (1934–2003), footballer

John C. Kilkenny, film executive

John Kilkenny (1901–1995), U.S. federal judge

Mike Kilkenny (1945–2018), Canadian baseball player

Neil Kilkenny (born 1985), English-born Australian footballer

Niamh Kilkenny (born 1989), camogie player

Ollie Kilkenny (born 1962), hurler

Tony Kilkenny (born 1959), hurler

Niamh Kilkenny
Niamh Kilkenny (born 1989) is a camogie player, a member of the Galway senior panel that won the All Ireland Senior Camogie Championship in 2013,2019 & 2021  and unsuccessfully contested the All Ireland finals of 2010 and 2011 against Wexford, winner of  All Star awards in 2010 and 2011 and a member of the Team of the Championship for 2011.
Chuck Berry House
The Chuck Berry House is the former home of American rock and roll musician Chuck Berry in St. Louis, Missouri located at 3137 Whittier Street. The house was Berry's home when he wrote and first performed the majority of songs with which he is identified, including "Maybellene" (1955), "Roll Over Beethoven" (1956), "Too Much Monkey Business" (1956), "Rock and Roll Music"  (1957), "School Day" (1957), "Sweet Little Sixteen" (1958), and "Johnny B. Goode" (1958).

Roll Over Beethoven
"Roll Over Beethoven" is a 1956 song written by Chuck Berry, originally released on Chess Records, with "Drifting Heart" as the B-side. The lyrics of the song mention rock and roll and the desire for rhythm and blues to be as respected as  classical music. The song has been covered by many other artists, including the Rolling Stones and the Beatles (both in 1963). Rolling Stone magazine ranked it number 97 on its 2004 list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
There Once Was a Husband
There Once Was a Husband (Spanish: Había una vez un marido) is a 1953 Mexican musical comedy film directed by Fernando Méndez and starring Lilia Michel, Rafael Baledón and Pedro Infante. it was shot at the Churubusco Studios in Mexico City. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jorge Fernández.

Pedro Infante
Pedro Infante Cruz (Spanish: [ˈpeðɾo jɱˈfante]; 18 November 1917 – 15 April 1957) was a Mexican ranchera singer and actor whose career spanned the golden age of Mexican cinema.

Infante was born in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, and raised in nearby Guamúchil. He died on 15 April 1957 in Mérida, Yucatán, while en route to Mexico City when his plane crashed due to engine failure.

From 1939 until his death, Infante acted in over 60 films (30 of them with his brother Ángel) and recorded over 350 songs. His 1952 ranchera album Cuando sale la luna was rated No. 56 in a 2024 ranking of the 600 greatest Latin music albums of all time. For his performance in the movie Tizoc he was posthumously awarded the Silver Bear for Best Actor at the 7th Berlin International Film Festival.
Tortrimosaica
Tortrimosaica is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae. It contains only one species, Tortrimosaica polypodivora, which is found in Brazil.

The larvae are gall inducers on the stems of Microgramma squamulosa.

Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
Bishop's Palace, Lichfield
The Bishop's Palace is a 17th-century building situated in the north-east corner of the Cathedral Close in Lichfield, Staffordshire in England.

The current building replaced a medieval Bishop's Palace built in the 14th century for Bishop Langton. The first palace was destroyed during the English Civil War and rebuilt in 1687 as the current building. The palace was residence to the Bishop of Lichfield from the late 1860s until 1954, it is now used by Lichfield Cathedral School. The palace is a Grade I listed building. To the north and east of the house are the remains of the ditch that surrounded the Close, remains of the north-east tower are present in the rear garden of the palace and is a scheduled monument.

Bishop of Lichfield
The Bishop of Lichfield is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lichfield in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq. mi.) of the counties of Powys, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and West Midlands. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The Bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Lichfield, in the cathedral close. In the past, the title has had various forms (see below). The current bishop is Michael Ipgrave, following the confirmation of his election on 10 June 2016.
WildPlay Element Parks
WildPlay Element Parks is a Canadian-owned chain of outdoor recreation parks located across British Columbia, Ontario and New York. It is based on Vancouver Island.
WildPlay's first park was opened south of Nanaimo, British Columbia in March 2006 where the company operates North America's first legal, purpose-made bungee jumping bridge. The bridge stands 150 feet (46 m) above the Nanaimo River; over 260,000 people have jumped since the site opened in 1990. The Nanaimo location hosts naked bungee jumping once a year as a fundraiser.
Besides bungee jumping, WildPlay parks are made up of treetop activities involving high-ropes and obstacle climbing, swinging, and ziplining.
WildPlay is located in Victoria, Maple Ridge, Nanaimo, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Jones Beach State Park and John Boyd Thacher State Park in New York.

John Boyd Thacher State Park
John Boyd Thacher State Park is a state park located 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Albany, New York, near Voorheesville, in Albany County on State Route 157. Located mostly atop the Helderberg Escarpment, the park has several hiking trails that offer panoramic views of the Green Mountains in Vermont and the Taconic Mountains of the Hudson Valley.
Man in the Box
"Man in the Box" is a song by the American rock band Alice in Chains. It was released as a single in January 1991 after being featured on the group's debut studio album, Facelift (1990). It peaked at No. 18 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock chart and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance in 1992. The song was included on the compilation albums Nothing Safe: Best of the Box (1999), Music Bank (1999), Greatest Hits (2001), and The Essential Alice in Chains (2006). "Man in the Box" was the second most-played song of the decade on mainstream rock radio between 2010 and 2019.

ApologetiX
ApologetiX is an American Christian parody band from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The band was founded in 1990, and since then, has played in almost all 50 states, and as of 2024 has released 75 studio albums, and built up a fan club that includes over 65,000 people. The band is currently composed of J. Jackson on vocals, Keith Haynie on bass guitar, Jimmy "Vegas" Tanner on drums, Bill Hubauer and Chris VonBartheld on keyboard, and Tom Milnes and Tom Tincha (a.k.a. "TNT"), both on lead guitar.

The name ApologetiX is a play on apologetics, the defense of a religious doctrine, in particular, Christian apologetics. The word is used in 1 Peter 3:15: "But in your hearts set apart Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer [defense or "apologia"] to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect..." (NIV).
Dead Woman's Ditch
Dead Woman's Ditch is an earthwork which has been scheduled as an ancient monument in Over Stowey, Somerset, England situated on the Quantock Hills.

A linear earthwork consisting of a bank with a ditch along the west side running for approximately 950 metres (3,120 ft) from a spring known as Lady's Fountain across Robin Uprights Hill and down into Ramscombe. The earthwork is presumed to be of prehistoric origin and is of unknown purpose, but has been linked to Dowsborough.

The 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) long earthwork has been cut through by later tracks and a road. It is badly eroded in places and is on the Heritage at Risk Register. Part of the earthwork is on land owned by the Forestry Commission.

Dead Woman's Ditch is sometimes associated with the murder of Jane Walford by her husband John in 1789 but the name predates the murder, appearing on an earlier map. In 1988 the body of Shirley Banks was found 1 mile from the site; John Cannan was found guilty of her murder.

Heritage at Risk Register
An annual Heritage at Risk Register is published by Historic England. The survey is used by national and local government, a wide range of individuals and heritage groups to establish the extent of risk and to help assess priorities for action and funding decisions. This heritage-at-risk data is one of the UK government's official statistics.

Heritage at risk is term for cultural heritage assets that are at risk as a result of neglect, decay, or inappropriate development; or are vulnerable to becoming so.