hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fidelis Leite Magalhães
Fidelis Manuel Leite Magalhães is an East Timorese political economist, public policy specialist and politician, and a member of the People's Liberation Party (PLP).

From May 2020 to July 2023, he was the President of the Council of Ministers, serving in the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak.

Previously, from 2018 to 2020, he was Minister for Legislative Reform and Parliamentary Affairs in the same government, and, from July 2019, also acting Coordinating Minister of Economic Affairs and acting Minister of Tourism, Trade and Industry.

Taur Matan Ruak
José Maria de Vasconcelos (born 10 October 1956), popularly known as Taur Matan Ruak (English: Two Sharp Eyes), is an East Timorese politician who served as the fifth president of East Timor from 2012 to 2017 and as the 9th prime minister from 2018 to 2023.

Before entering politics, he was the commander of the FALINTIL-Forças de Defesa de Timor-Leste (F-FDTL), the military of East Timor, from 2002 until 6 October 2011. Prior to serving in the F-FDTL, he was the last commander of the Armed Forces of National Liberation of East Timor or FALINTIL (Forças Armadas para a Liberação Nacional de Timor Leste), the insurgent army that resisted the Indonesian occupation of the territory from 1975 to 1999. Leaving the military in 2011, he stood as an independent candidate in the 2012 presidential election and prevailed in the second round of the vote, held in April 2012.
NZB
NZB is an XML-based file format for retrieving posts from NNTP (Usenet) servers. The format was conceived by the developers of the Newzbin.com Usenet Index. NZB is effective when used with search-capable websites. These websites create NZB files out of what is needed to be downloaded. Using this concept, headers would not be downloaded hence the NZB method is quicker and more bandwidth-efficient than traditional methods.

Each Usenet message has a unique identifier called the "Message-ID".  When a large file is posted to a Usenet newsgroup, it is usually divided into multiple messages (called segments or parts) each having its own Message-ID. An NZB-capable Usenet client will read all needed Message-IDs from the NZB file, download them and decode the messages back into a binary file (usually using yEnc or Uuencode).

Unique identifier
A unique identifier (UID) is an identifier that is guaranteed to be unique among all identifiers used for those objects and for a specific purpose. The concept  was formalized early in the development of computer science and information systems. In general, it was associated with an atomic data type.

In relational databases, certain attributes of an entity that serve as unique identifiers are called primary keys.
In mathematics, set theory uses the concept of element indices as unique identifiers.
Ojeh
Ojeh (Arabic: العوجة)  is a Syrian village located in Sinjar Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ojeh had a population of 1120 in the 2004 census.

Maarat al-Numan District
Maarat al-Numan District (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة مَعَرَّةُ نُعْمَانِ, romanized: Manṭiqat Maʿarrat Nuʿmān) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Maarat al-Numan. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 371,829.
Effie M. Morrissey
Effie M. Morrissey (now Ernestina-Morrissey) is a historic schooner on permanent display in New Bedford, Massachusetts.  Originally a "high liner" fishing the Grand Banks of Newfoundland out of Gloucester, Massachusetts, she made many scientific expeditions to the Arctic, sponsored by American museums, the Explorers Club and the National Geographic Society; she also helped survey the Arctic for the United States Government during World War II. She then went on to a final career as a packet ship, before undergoing a complete restoration in 1982.

She is currently designated by the United States Department of the Interior as a National Historic Landmark as part of the New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park. She is the State Ship of Massachusetts.

Packet boat
Packet boats were medium-sized boats designed mainly for domestic mail and freight transport in European countries and in North American rivers and canals. Eventually including basic passenger accommodation, they were used extensively during the 18th and 19th centuries, and had regularly scheduled services.

In the 18th century, packet boats were put into use on the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and its colonies, where the services were called the packet trade. In the later 19th century, steam-driven packets were used extensively in the United States on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, servicing rivertowns such as St. Joseph, St. Paul, Galena and St. Louis and providing communication and supplies to be carried overland to more distant forts and trading posts.
Sleepy Stein
Alex N. "Sleepy" Stein (b January 15, 1919, in Savannah, Georgia, d. July 27, 2000, in Rancho Palos Verdes, California) was a jazz disc jockey and radio station owner. When he acquired KNOB in Signal Hill, California, he made it the world's first all-jazz radio station.

Rancho Palos Verdes, California
Rancho Palos Verdes is an affluent coastal city in southern Los Angeles County, California, United States. Incorporated on September 7, 1973, the city has a population of 42,287 as reported in the 2020 United States census. The city sits atop the bluffs of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the Palos Verdes Hills, and neighbors Palos Verdes Estates, Rolling Hills, Rolling Hills Estates, Torrance, and San Pedro. Rancho Palos Verdes is known for its nature preserve trails, its school district, as well as its high property values.
Phan Anh
Phan Anh (1912–1990) was a Vietnamese lawyer and politician. He was the Minister of Ministry of Youth in the first cabinet of Empire of Vietnam, the second Minister of Defence of Vietnam (March 1946 to May 1946) and held the position of Minister of Ministry of Industry and Trade from 1955 to 1976.

In 2020, Ministry of Home Affairs validated Phan Anh Foundation - a non-profit foundation established by Madame Đỗ Hồng Chỉnh (Phan Anh's widow), and historian Dương Trung Quốc, that supports and encourages culture and education development as well as community science.

Ministry of Home Affairs (Vietnam)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA, Vietnamese: Bộ Nội vụ) is a government ministry in Vietnam responsible for: organisational structure of state administration; local government organisations, management of administrative boundaries; officials, public servants and state employees; NGOs; state archives and state administration of public services.
Leptosteges sordidalis
Leptosteges sordidalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida, Ohio, South Carolina and Ontario.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Valerie Frissen
Valerie Frissen (born 1960 in Puth) holds the extraordinary professorship in ‘ICT and Social Change’ at the Faculty of Philosophy at the Erasmus University Rotterdam where she belongs to the group of Professor Dr. Jos de Mul. The chair is sponsored by the Dutch governmental research organization TNO, where Valerie Frissen is also head of the ICT & Policy department of TNO Information and Communication Technology. She is also a member of the board of Het Expertise Centrum (HEC) in The Hague.

Schinnen
Schinnen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxɪnə(n)] ⓘ; Limburgish: Sjènne [ˈʃɛnə]) is a village and a former municipality in the province of Limburg, the Netherlands.  It was home to US Army Garrison Schinnen, a support base for US personnel assigned to nearby Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum.  It is also the location of Alfa Brewery, the only brewery in the Netherlands that uses an officially certified underground spring. In 2019, it merged with Nuth and Onderbanken to form the municipality of Beekdaelen.
Orders, decorations, and medals of Mozambique
The present honours and decorations were passed by the Mozambican Assembly of the Republic in March 2011. It consists of two honorary titles, five Orders and some medals. The awards are managed by the National Commission on Honours and Decorations. The President of Mozambique will present the awards after recommendation by the Assembly, the provincial and central governments, the armed forces and the educational establishment.

Title of honor
A title of honor or honorary title is a title bestowed upon individuals or organizations as an award in recognition of their merits.

Sometimes the title bears the same or nearly the same name as a title of authority, but the person bestowed does not have to carry out any duties, except for ceremonial ones. The title may sometimes be temporary, only valid for the individual's visit or for a single day, though they can also be permanent titles. In some cases, these titles are bestowed posthumously.

Some historical honorary titles may be bought, like certain titles of nobility. This has long been a matter of fraud, both outright and indirect. Honorary titles also serve as positions of sinecure and honorary retirement.
Archibald Campbell (Australian politician)
Archibald Campbell (1834 – 14 December 1903) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born near Inverness to farmer Ewen Campbell and Margaret McLean. The family migrated to New South Wales in 1838. Campbell worked on the family farm at Gerringong, and in 1855 went to the Ballarat goldfields and then the Lachlan. He was part-owner of the Illawarra Mercury, and president of many local boards and societies. In 1891 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Illawarra. A Free Trader, he held the seat until his death in Wollongong in 1903. His brother Alexander was the member for neighbouring Kiama from 1894 to 1904.

Lake Cargelligo, New South Wales
Lake Cargelligo (/kɑːrˈdʒɛlɪɡoʊ/) is a town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia, on Lake Cargelligo. It is in Lachlan Shire. Its name is said to be a corruption of the Aboriginal word kartjellakoo meaning 'he had a coolamon'. Alternatively it is derived from Wiradjuri and Ngiyambaa "gajal" for water container with suffix "lugu" for "her" or "his". At the 2021 census, Lake Cargelligo had a population of 1,430. It had an Indigenous population of 257 (18%) and other Australian-born population of 1,153 (together 80.6% of the population).
Portrait of Père Tanguy
Portrait of Père Tanguy, painted by Vincent van Gogh in 1887, is one of his three paintings of Julien Tanguy. The three works demonstrate a progression in van Gogh's artistic style after his arrival in Paris. The first is somber, and formed from a simple composition. The second introduces van Gogh's Japanese prints. The last and most advanced in style, skill and color integrates Japanese, Impressionist, and other influences on the Parisian artist community. This painting conveys a sense of serenity that van Gogh seeks for himself. This last painting of Tanguy is in the Musée Rodin, Paris.

Émile Bernard
Émile Henri Bernard (French pronunciation: [emil ɑ̃ʁi bɛʁnaʁ]; 28 April 1868 – 16 April 1941) was a French Post-Impressionist painter and writer, who had artistic friendships with Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin and Eugène Boch, and at a later time, Paul Cézanne. Most of his notable work was accomplished at a young age, in the years 1886 through 1897. He is also associated with Cloisonnism and Synthetism, two late 19th-century art movements. Less known is Bernard's literary work, comprising plays, poetry, and art criticism as well as art historical statements that contain first-hand information on the crucial period of modern art to which Bernard had contributed.
1977 United States Grand Prix
The 1977 United States Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on October 2, 1977, at the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course in Watkins Glen, New York. It was the fifteenth race of the 1977 World Championship of F1 Drivers and the 1977 International Cup for F1 Constructors. The event was also referred to as the United States Grand Prix East in order to distinguish it from the United States Grand Prix West held on April 3, 1977, in Long Beach, California. It was covered on American radio by Motor Racing Network.

The 59-lap race was won from pole position by James Hunt, driving a McLaren-Ford. In wet conditions, Hunt held off a late charge from Mario Andretti in the Lotus-Ford to take his second consecutive Watkins Glen victory. Jody Scheckter was third in the Wolf-Ford, while Niki Lauda clinched his second Drivers' Championship by finishing fourth in his Ferrari.

Lotus 78
The Lotus 78 was a Formula One racing car used in the 1977 and 1978 seasons. It was designed by Peter Wright, Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie and Tony Rudd, and was the first ground effect car in Formula One.
Michael Elwyn
Michael Elwyn (born 23 August 1942) is a Welsh actor, notable for his work in film (Shadow Man), stage (The Audience, as Anthony Eden) and television (Stella).

Elwyn was born in Pontypridd. He is the partner of actress Alison Steadman, and is best known for his role as Sir Edward in the BBC series of Robin Hood. In 2020 Elwyn joined the cast of Coronation Street playing 'Charles Moore' Resident Chair of 'Stillwaters'.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
Marios Varvoglis
Marios Varvoglis (Greek: Μάριος Βάρβογλης; 10 December 1885 – 30 July 1967) was a Greek composer.

Varvoglis was born in Brussels. He studied music at the Conservatoire de Paris and the Schola Cantorum with Leroux, Georges Caussade, d'Indy and others. He remained in Montparnasse, Paris until 1922 and he maintained close relations with artistic circles that included Casella, Ravel, Varèse and Modigliani, whose last painting was a portrait of Varvoglis. After 1920 he taught at the Athens Conservatory and he became active as a music critic and conductor. He was persecuted for his liberal political views and he was imprisoned in a British concentration camp during the Dekemvriana

He died in Athens.

Vincent d'Indy
Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d'Indy (French: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ dɛ̃di]; 27 March 1851 – 2 December 1931) was a French composer and teacher. His influence as a teacher, in particular, was considerable. He was a co-founder of the Schola Cantorum de Paris and also taught at the Paris Conservatoire. His students included Albéric Magnard, Albert Roussel, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Yvonne Rokseth, and Erik Satie, as well as Cole Porter.

D'Indy studied under composer César Franck, and was strongly influenced by Franck's admiration for German music. At a time when nationalist feelings were high in both countries (circa the Franco-Prussian War of 1871), this brought Franck into conflict with other musicians who wished to separate French music from German influence.
ICab
iCab is a web browser for MacOS and Classic Mac OS by Alexander Clauss, derived from Crystal Atari Browser (CAB) for Atari TOS compatible computers. It was one of the few browsers still updated for the classic Mac OS prior to that version being discontinued after version 3.0.5 in 2008; Classilla was the last browser that was maintained for that OS but it was discontinued in 2021.

The downloadable product is fully functional, but is nagware—periodically displaying a dialog box asking the user to register the product, and upgrade to the "Pro" version.

Atari Corporation
Atari Corporation was an American manufacturer of home computers and video game consoles. It was founded by Jack Tramiel on May 17, 1984, as Tramel Technology, Ltd., but then took on the Atari name less than two months later when Warner Communications sold the home gaming and computing assets of Atari, Inc. to Tramiel.

Its chief products were the Atari ST, Atari XE, Atari 7800, Atari Lynx and Atari Jaguar; in addition to hardware, the company also published video games for its home systems and also had an in-house development team for Lynx and Jaguar software for porting, or developing original titles such as Warbirds and Trevor McFur in the Crescent Galaxy. In 1996, the company reverse merged with JTS Corp., becoming a small de facto non-operating division which itself closed after JTS sold all Atari assets to Hasbro Interactive in 1998.
Daughters of Jesus
The Daughters of Jesus (French: Filles de Jésus) is a French Roman Catholic congregation of religious sisters, founded in 1834 at Kermaria-Sulard, Brittany, in the Diocese of Vannes. Its goal is the care of the sick poor, and the education of girls. Today their motto is "Following Jesus on the road of human life."

Diocese of Vannes
The Diocese of Vannes (Latin: Dioecesis Venetensis; French: Diocèse de Vannes) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. It was established in the 5th century. The seat of the bishop is Vannes Cathedral, in the city of Vannes, on the southern shore of the peninsula of Brittany (Bretagne). The diocese corresponds to the French civil department of Morbihan, and has been a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Rennes, Dol, and Saint-Malo since 3 January 1859.

Raymond Michel René Centène is the current bishop since his appointment in 2005.

In 2022, in the Diocese of Vannes there was one priest for every 1,884 Catholics.
1944 Bilston by-election
A by-election for the constituency of Bilston in the United Kingdom House of Commons was held on 20 September 1944, caused by the death of the incumbent Conservative MP Ian Hannah. The result was a hold for the Conservative Party, with their candidate William Ernest Gibbons, with a majority of just 349 votes over an Independent Labour Party candidate.

Independent Labour Party
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a British political party of the left, established in 1893 at a conference in Bradford, after local and national dissatisfaction with the Liberals' apparent reluctance to endorse working-class candidates. A sitting independent MP and prominent union organiser, Keir Hardie, became its first chairman.

The party played a key role in the formation of the Labour Representation Committee, to which ILP members Hardie and Ramsay MacDonald were delegates at its foundation in 1900. The committee was renamed the Labour Party in 1906, and the ILP remained affiliated until 1932. In 1947, the organisation's three parliamentary representatives defected to the Labour Party, and the organisation joined Labour as Independent Labour Publications in 1975.
Murder of Vicki Lynne Hoskinson
Vicki Lynne Hoskinson (February 2, 1976 – c. September 17, 1984) was an 8‑year-old American girl who disappeared in Tucson, Arizona while riding her bicycle to mail a birthday card to her aunt, and was eventually found murdered. Her abductor, Frank Jarvis Atwood (January 29, 1956 – June 8, 2022), was traced through witness testimony and physical evidence, which the abductor alleged in a later appeal was planted on his car. Seven months later, Vicki's remains were found in a desert area 20 miles (32 km) away and Atwood was found guilty of first degree murder. He was sentenced to death and executed by lethal injection on June 8, 2022.

Capital punishment in Arizona
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Arizona. There are 107 people on death row as of October 18, 2025. Ninety-six executions have been carried out since Arizona became a state in 1912. In November 2024, Attorney General Kris Mayes announced that the state would resume executions in 2025 after a two-year pause.
Pittsburgh and Beck's Run Railroad
The Pittsburgh and Beck's Run Railroad  was a short line railroad in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, running from the Smithfield Street Bridge to the Jones and Laughlin Iron Works. It was purchased by the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad.

Jones and Laughlin Steel Company
The Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation, also known as J&L Steel or simply as J&L, was an American steel and iron manufacturer that operated from 1852 until 1968. The enterprise began as the American Iron Company, founded in 1852 by Bernard Lauth and Benjamin Franklin Jones, about 2.5 mi (4.0 km) south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River.  Lauth's interest was bought in 1854 by James Laughlin.  The first firm to bear the name of Jones and Laughlin was organized in 1861, and headquartered at Third & Ross in downtown Pittsburgh.
Chihuahua Hill Historic District
The Chihuahua Hill Historic District, in Silver City, New Mexico, is a 30 acres (12 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

It is bounded by Cooper, Spring, Bullard, and Chihuahua Streets, and dates back to 1870.  It includes 73 contributing buildings.

It was the "original 'Mexican village' of Silver City of the 1880s" and it was still primarily populated by Spanish-surname families in 1982.

Silver City, New Mexico
Silver City is a town in Grant County, New Mexico, United States. It is the county seat and the home of Western New Mexico University. As of the 2010 census the population was 10,315. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,704.
Great Fire of Quebec City
The Great Fire of Quebec City or the Fire of 1866 in Quebec City was an urban conflagration that raged on October 14, 1866, in Quebec City, in the Province of Canada. Even more intense than the conflagrations of 1845, this conflagration burned in one day around 2,500 to 3,000 buildings of three faubourgs (Today Saint-Roch and Saint-Sauveur). Seven people died in the conflagration  and 20,000 people lost their homes in one day, which makes it the worst catastrophe that the city has ever known.

Saint-Roch, Quebec City
Saint-Roch (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʁɔk] ⓘ) is a downtown neighbourhood in the borough of La Cité in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. It is the central business district. Once a working-class quarter, some of its parts have been gentrified in recent years.
Octadecanoid pathway
The octadecanoid pathway is a biosynthetic pathway for the production of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA), an important hormone for induction of defense genes. JA is synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid, which can be released from the plasma membrane by certain lipase enzymes. For example, in the wound defense response, phospholipase C will cause the release of alpha-linolenic acid for JA synthesis.

In the first step, alpha-linolenic acid is oxidized by the enzyme lipoxygenase. This forms 13-hydroperoxylinolenic acid, which is then modified by a dehydrase and undergoes cyclization by allene oxide cyclase to form 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. This undergoes reduction and three rounds of beta oxidation to form jasmonic acid.

Plant hormone
Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and reproductive development. Unlike in animals (in which hormone production is restricted to specialized glands) each plant cell is capable of producing hormones. Went and Thimann coined the term "phytohormone" and used it in the title of their 1937 book.

Phytohormones occur across the plant kingdom, and even in algae, where they have similar functions to those seen in vascular plants ("higher plants"). Some phytohormones also occur in microorganisms, such as unicellular fungi and bacteria, however in these cases they do not play a hormonal role and can better be regarded as secondary metabolites.