hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alex Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew
Alexander Charles Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew, CBE, KC, FRSA (born 12 February 1948) is a British barrister and crossbench member of the House of Lords. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Montgomeryshire from 1983 to 1997 under the banner of the Liberal Party and then Liberal Democrat.

Howard League for Penal Reform
The Howard League for Penal Reform is a registered charity in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest penal reform organisation in the world, named after John Howard. It was founded as the Howard Association in 1866 and changed its name in 1921, following a merger with the Penal Reform League. The charity focuses on penal reform in England and Wales.

The Howard League is independent of the United Kingdom government and is funded by voluntary donations and membership donations. The charity also receives funding from the Legal Services Commission, as it holds Legal Aid contracts in order to perform its work with young people in custody.

The Howard League Centre for Penal Reform, the charity's headquarters since 2000, was officially opened by Betty Boothroyd in November 2001. The Centre is located in north London.
Jacob's Ladder (Saint Helena)
Jacob's Ladder is a Grade I listed staircase leading from Jamestown, Saint Helena, up the side of Ladder Hill to Ladder Hill Fort. The name is a reference to the biblical Jacob's Ladder, a ladder extending to heaven.

The ladder is all that remains of a cable railway that was built there in the early 1800s. Its tracks and cars were later removed, although the stairs have remained in place and have become a tourist attraction connecting Jamestown and the suburb of Half Tree Hollow at the top of the hill.

Jacob's Ladder
Jacob's Ladder (Biblical Hebrew: סֻלָּם יַעֲקֹב‎, romanized: Sūllām Yaʿăqōḇ) is a ladder or staircase leading to Heaven that was featured in a dream the Biblical Patriarch Jacob had during his flight from his brother Esau in the Book of Genesis (chapter 28).

The significance of the dream has been debated, but most interpretations agree that it identified Jacob with the obligations and inheritance of the people chosen by God, as understood in Abrahamic religions.
France–Kurdistan Region relations
France–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between France and Kurdistan Region, a semi-autonomous federal region of Iraq. France has a consulate general in Erbil and Kurdistan Region has a representation in Paris. The ties between France and Kurdistan Region have been very close since the presidency of François Mitterrand (1981–1995), when his wife Danielle Mitterrand played an instrumental role in the campaign for the no-fly zone over the Kurdistan Region in 1991. France has a military presence in the Kurdistan Region, and Consul General Dominique Mas described their relations as being "historic" and "long-term".

Masoud Barzani
Masoud Barzani (Kurdish: مەسعوود‌ بارزانی, romanized: Mesûd Barzanî; born 16 August 1946) is a Kurdish politician who has been leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) since 1979, and was President of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq from 2005 to 2017.
Scinax perereca
Scinax perereca is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is found in Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, heavily degraded former forest, ponds, and canals and ditches.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Wiang Prueksa
Wiang Prueksa (also spelled Wiang Pueksa; Thai: เวียงปรึกษา), also known as Wiang Chiang Saen Noi (เวียงเชียงแสนน้อย), was an ancient polity of the Tai Yuan people, centered at Ban Sop Kham (บ้านสบคำ), in present-day Chiang Saen District, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. It comprised a number of settlements that survived the fall of the Yonok Kingdom, traditionally attributed to earthquakes in the late 5th century.: 98

In the mid 7th century, the Tai Yuan people of Wiang Prueksa invited Lao Chakkaraj, a leader of the Lawa people from Doi Tung, to become their new ruler. After ascending the throne, Lao Chakkaraj constructed a new city at Mae Sai and established it as his principal center under the name Hiran Nakhon, marking the beginning of the Ngoenyang Kingdom.: 53–4  This polity later developed into the Lan Na Kingdom, which was formally established in 1292 during the reign of King Mangrai the Great.: 130

Chiang Rai province
Chiang Rai (Thai: เชียงราย, pronounced [tɕʰīaŋ rāːj]; Northern Thai: ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ, pronounced [tɕīaŋ hāːj])  is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces that lies in upper northern Thailand and is Thailand's northernmost province. It is bordered by the Shan State of Myanmar to the north, Bokeo province of Laos to the east, Phayao to the south, Lampang to the southwest, and Chiang Mai to the west. The province is linked to Houayxay, Laos by the Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge that spans the Mekong.
Kobus Geldenhuys
Kobus Geldenhuys is a South African scriptwriter and translator of children's literature into Afrikaans, including titles by J. K. Rowling, C. S. Lewis, Roald Dahl, Michael Morpurgo, David Walliams and Cressida Cowell. In 2016 he won the Alba Bouwer Prize for his translation of Morpurgo's Why the Whales Came as Hoekom die walvisse gekom het. He has also translated Tove Jansson.

Geldenhuys has translated two books by Jaco Jacobs from Afrikaans into English: A Good Day for Climbing Trees (nominated for the 2019 CILIP Carnegie Medal) and A Good Night for Shooting Zombies.

Why the Whales Came
Why the Whales Came is a British children's story written by Michael Morpurgo. It was first published in 1985 in the United Kingdom by William Heinemann, and by Scholastic in the United States. It is set on the island of Bryher, one of the Isles of Scilly, off the coast of Cornwall, in the year 1914. In 1989, It was adapted into the film When the Whales Came, and in 2001 it was adapted into a stage play.
Paintbrush
A paintbrush is a brush used to apply paint or ink. A paintbrush is usually made by clamping bristles to a handle with a ferrule. They are available in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Thicker ones are used for filling in, and thinner ones are used for details. They may be subdivided into decorators' brushes used for painting and decorating and artists' brushes used for visual art.

Ink
Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing.

Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter, fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve multiple purposes; the ink's carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its dry appearance.
Dóchas Centre
The Dóchas Centre (Irish: lárionad le Dóchas) is a closed, medium security prison, for females aged 18 years and over, located in Mountjoy Prison in Dublin, Ireland. It is also the committal prison for females committed on remand or sentenced from all Courts outside the Munster area of Ireland.

Dóchas is one of two women's prisons in Ireland, the other is located in Limerick Prison. It has a staff of 88 not including teachers, chaplains, nurses, probation and welfare, doctors, psychiatrists and counsellors.

Dóchas [ˈd̪ˠoːxəsˠ] is Irish for hope making the literal name of the prison "Centre for Hope." In 2022, the prison was renamed to Mountjoy Female Prison.

Munster
Munster (Irish: an Mhumhain [ə ˈwuːnʲ] or Cúige Mumhan [ˌkuːɟə ˈmˠuːnˠ]) is the largest of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the south west of the island. In early Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was one of the kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland ruled by a "king of over-kings" (Irish: rí ruirech). Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties.

Munster has no official function for local government purposes. For the purposes of the ISO, the province is listed as one of the provincial sub-divisions of the State (ISO 3166-2:IE) and coded as "IE-M". Munster covers an area of 24,675 km2 (9,527 sq mi). Its population was 1,373,346 in 2022, with Cork being the largest city. Other significant urban centres in the province include Limerick and Waterford.
2025 IFA Shield
The 2025 IFA Shield is the 125th edition of the IFA Shield hosted by the Indian Football Association. The tournament was planned to held in March 2025 but was pushed to October due to clash of fixtures from I-League and Indian  Super League.

The tournament will feature domestic teams from the Indian Super League and I-League. At first, international invitees like Paro FC (Bhutan) were invited but later the plan was withdrawn.

Defending champions Real Kashmir were also invited to take part, but they denied. On 3 October, 6 participants were confirmed by IFA.

Real Kashmir FC
Real Kashmir Football Club is an Indian professional football club based in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. Incorporated in 2016, the club currently competes in Indian Football League, the second tier of the Indian football league system. Real Kashmir with its reserve side also participates in the Jammu & Kashmir Premier Football League regionally.

Nicknamed "Sheeni Seh" (transl. Snow Leopards), Real Kashmir is the first club from Jammu and Kashmir to earn promotion in any top flight football league of the country. They also won the IFA Shield title in 2022. Club's futsal section has been competing in the state league, as well as AIFF Futsal Club Championship, the highest division in the country.
1st Panzer Division (Bundeswehr)
52°22′11.31″N 9°46′11.77″E﻿ / ﻿52.3698083°N 9.7699361°E﻿ / 52.3698083; 9.7699361

The 1st Panzer Division (German: "1. Panzerdivision", short: "1. PzDiv") is an armoured division of the German Army. Its headquarter is based in Oldenburg. In the course of the last reorganisation of the Bundeswehr it became part of the Heavy Forces. The division is equipped and trained for high intensity combat operations against militarily organized enemies as well as peacekeeping missions. The majority of all German troops assigned to EU-Battlegroups and Nato Response Forces will come from this division.

The 43rd Mechanized Brigade of the Royal Netherlands Army is integrated into the 1st Panzer Division since 2016.

NATO Response Force
The NATO Response Force (NRF) was a high-readiness North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) rapid multi-national deployment force comprising army, navy, air force, special forces, and special operations-capable forces units capable of being deployed quickly within short notice. The NRF comprises more than 500,000 troops. Its forces included units from several non-NATO member partners, including Ukraine (since 2014), and Georgia (since 2015).

The NRF was formed in June 2003 per endorsements at the 2002 Prague summit. Units assigned to the NRF were only used for disaster relief and security until February 2022, when it was activated for the first time in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 2024, it was replaced by Allied Reaction Force (ARF).
Second Battle of Cholet
The Second Battle of Cholet was fought on 17 October 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars, between French Republican forces under generals Jean Léchelle (de jure) and Jean-Baptiste Kléber (de facto) and French Royalist Forces under Maurice d'Elbée. The battle was fought in the town of Cholet in the Maine-et-Loire department of France, and resulted in a Republican victory. D'Elbée was wounded and captured; he was later executed by Republican troops in Noirmoutier. The Royalist insurgent, Charles Melchior Artus de Bonchamps, was fatally wounded in the battle.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Louise Milliken
Louise Elizabeth Milliken (born 19 September 1983) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played as a right-arm fast-medium bowler. She appeared in 2 Test matches, 47 One Day Internationals and 1 Twenty20 International for New Zealand between 2002 and 2007. She played domestic cricket for Northern Districts.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Pontia chloridice
Pontia chloridice, the lesser Bath white, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites. The species is found in steppe zone of Ukraine, Moldova and Russia; east to Transbaikalia, Mongolia, Korea; south to Balkan Peninsula, Turkey, Transcaucasia, Greater Caucasus, Iran, Northern Pakistan, Central Asia (including Chitral and Ladakh in Kashmir), Kazakhstan.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
The Shoot (film)
The Shoot (German: Der Schut) is a 1964 adventure film directed by Robert Siodmak and starring Lex Barker, Marie Versini and Ralf Wolter. It was made as a co-production between West Germany, France, Italy and Yugoslavia. It is based on the 1892 novel of the same title by Karl May, and was part of a string of adaptations of his work started by Rialto Film's series of western films. It was a commercial success, benefiting from the presence of Barker and Versini who were stars of Rialto's series.

It was shot at the Tempelhof and Spandau Studios in West Berlin and on location in Kosovo and Montenegro then part of Yugoslavia. The film's sets were designed by the art director Dragoljub Ivkov. It was shot in Eastmancolor.

Rialto Film
Rialto Film is a German motion-picture production company headquartered in Berlin. It is named after the Rialto in Venice, and used as its production logo an image of a gondola in front of the Rialto Bridge.
Norodom Kantol
Norodom Kantol (Khmer: នរោត្តម កន្តុល; 15 September 1920 – 1976) was a member of the Cambodian royal family and Prime Minister of Cambodia, serving from 1962 to 1966. He also served as foreign minister under the Sangkum government led by his cousin, Norodom Sihanouk. During the Khmer Republic regime of Lon Nol, he was imprisoned along with other members of the royal family.

Sangkum
The Sangkum Reastr Niyum (Khmer: សង្គមរាស្ត្រនិយម, Sângkôm Réastrnĭyôm [sɑŋkɔm riəhnijɔm], lit. 'Popular Community'; French: Communauté socialiste populaire), usually translated as Popular (or People's) Socialist Community and commonly known simply as the Sangkum (Khmer: សង្គម, Sângkôm [sɑŋkɔm]; lit. 'Society'  or 'Community'), was a political organisation set up on 22 March 1955 by Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia. Though it described itself as a 'movement' rather than a political party (members had to abjure membership of any political group), the Sangkum retained control of the government of Cambodia throughout the first administration of Sihanouk, from 1955 to 1970. Central to the Sangkum ideology were nationalism, conservatism, preserving the monarchy, and a conservative interpretation of Buddhism.
Vyacheslav Savosin
Vyacheslav Ivanovich Savosin (January 14, 1938, Moscow - October 2, 2014, Moscow) - famous Soviet and Russian artist, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, master of painting and drawing, successfully and fruitfully worked in various genres, thematic blocks, stylistic directions of art. For more than a half-century career of V.Savosin he said his special word in graphics and painting, created his own individual figurative language, original and self-contained world of imagery.

V.Savosin was a participant in more than 150 exhibitions: group, personal, city, republican, all-union and foreign (Australia, Germany, France, Austria, Finland, Japan). You can meet Savosin’s artworks in the Tretyakov Gallery, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, in other russian museums, as well as in museums and private collections in many countries: Germany, France, the United States, Cuba, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Finland, South Korea and others.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
Udyam Registration
Udyam Registration is a government registration system for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in India, introduced by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in July 2020. It replaced the earlier Udyog Aadhaar system to streamline compliance and provide MSMEs access to credit, subsidies, and government schemes. As of July 2024, over 4.77 crore MSMEs have registered under the platform.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006
The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 is an Act of the Parliament of India. According to the act, "any buyer who fails to make payment to MSMEs, as per agreed terms or a maximum of 45 days, would be liable to pay monthly compounded interest at three times the bank rate notified by RBI".
Industries are divided into 2 categories. Manufacturing and services. They are further divided into micro, small and medium. For both, manufacturing and services sectors, micro industries' capital requirements are under 1 Crore rupees and an annual turnover of less than 5 Crore rupees. Small industries shall have between 50 and 250 Crores respectively.
Brigita Virbalytė-Dimšienė
Brigita Virbalytė-Dimšienė (born 1 February 1985 in Alytus) is a female professional race walker who competes internationally for Lithuania. She participated at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics and reached 24th place. She is also a Lithuanian National Radio and Television sports journalist. In 2010, she became national champion at the Druskininkai 10 km walking event, winning in a personal best of 44:42 minutes.

Alytus
Alytus (Lithuanian: [ɐlʲiːˈtʊs] ⓘ) is a city with municipal rights in southern Lithuania. It is the sixth-largest city in Lithuania and the 14th-largest city in the Baltic states, and also the capital of Alytus County. Being the historical centre of the Dzūkija region, it is connected to several major roads, linking it with the cities of Vilnius; Kaunas; Lazdijai, which is on the border with Poland; and Grodno, Belarus. In July 2024, its total population was counted as 50,996 people. The city lies on the banks of the Nemunas river.

For centuries, the city was divided into two separate entities. Even today, it consists of two parts still frequently referred to as Alytus I and Alytus II. The Alytus I half is smaller, and less developed than the Alytus II half, which forms the city centre with parks, microdistricts and industrial areas.
Parachutes (song)
"Parachutes" is a single by English singer-songwriter Charlie Simpson, from his debut studio album Young Pilgrim (2011). It was released on 5 August 2011 as a digital download in the United Kingdom. The song peaked to number 44 on the UK Singles Chart, his highest charting single to date.

Charlie Simpson
Charles Robert Simpson (born 7 June 1985) is an English singer, songwriter, and musician from Suffolk. He is a member of the pop-punk band Busted and the post-hardcore band Fightstar. AllMusic has noted that Simpson is "perhaps the only pop star to make the convincing transition from fresh-faced boy bander to authentic hard rock frontman". Simpson is a multi-instrumentalist, playing guitar, bass, keyboards, drums and the harmonica.

Simpson has achieved eleven UK Albums Chart top 40 releases across his musical career – six of which entered the UK top 10. He has also had four UK number-one singles with Busted, as well as two top-20 singles with Fightstar and two UK top-10 solo albums. Between Busted, Fightstar and his solo projects, he has sold over five million records worldwide, winning two Brit Awards, a Rock Sound Award and being nominated for two Kerrang! Awards.
Sir James Cotter, 3rd Baronet
Sir James Laurence Cotter, 3rd Baronet of Rockforest (1782 – 31 December 1834) was an Anglo-Irish politician and baronet.

Cotter was the son of Sir James Cotter, 2nd Baronet and Isabella Hingston, and the grandson of Sir James Cotter. In the 1812 United Kingdom general election, he was elected as the Member of Parliament for Mallow, and he held the seat until 1818. On 9 February 1829, he succeeded to his father's baronetcy.

He married Helena Tryndall Lombard, daughter of Major James Lombard and Ann Becher, on 1 January 1820. Cotter was succeeded by his son, also called James, the 4th Baronet.

1812 United Kingdom general election
The 1812 United Kingdom general election was the fourth general election after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland, held from 5 October 1812 to 10 November 1812, taking place at the height of the Napoleonic Wars.

The fourth United Kingdom Parliament was dissolved on 29 September 1812, four months after the Earl of Liverpool succeeded to the premiership following the assassination of Spencer Perceval. The new Parliament was summoned to meet on 24 November 1812, for a maximum seven-year term from that date. The maximum term could be and normally was curtailed, by the monarch dissolving the Parliament, before its term expired.