hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hulda Jakobsdóttir
Hulda Dóra Jakobsdóttir (1911 – 1998) was the first woman in Iceland to become a mayor. She served as mayor of Kópavogur from 1957 to 1962, where she actively influenced the town's development. In the 1970 elections, she was elected as a councillor for the Union of Liberals and Leftists, serving until 1974.

Kópavogur
Kópavogur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰouːpaˌvɔːɣʏr̥] ⓘ) is a town in Iceland that is the country's second-largest municipality by population.

It lies immediately south of Reykjavík and is part of the Capital Region. The name literally means seal pup inlet. The town seal contains the profile of the church Kópavogskirkja with a seal pup underneath.

Kópavogur is largely made up of residential areas, but has commercial areas and much industrial activity as well. The tallest building in Iceland, the Smáratorg Tower, is located in central Kópavogur.
Lavender v. Kurn
Lavender v. Kurn, 327 U.S. 645 (1946), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States dealing with a negligent wrongful death case against a railroad employer under the Federal Employers Liability Act.  L.E. Haney was a switchtender who was killed at Grand Central Station in Memphis, Tennessee. He worked for both the Illinois Central and Frisco railroads.

The Missouri Supreme Court ordered a directed verdict in favor of the employer, claiming lack of evidence of negligence.  The Supreme Court overruled the State Supreme Court's ruling. The court held that there was sufficient evidence of negligence on the part of the defendants to justify the submission of the case to the jury and to require appellate courts to abide by the verdict rendered by the jury.

Memphis Central Station
Memphis Central Station, referred to as Grand Central Station prior to 1944, is a passenger terminal in Memphis, Tennessee. Located along Main Street and G.E. Patterson Boulevard in Downtown Memphis, it currently a service stop for Amtrak's City of New Orleans route, arriving in late evening northbound and in the morning southbound. It is also served by the MATA Trolley system. The building was opened in 1914, and is located within the city's South Main Arts District. It is also a contributing property to the  South Main Street Historic District of the National Register of Historic Places, as are the National Civil Rights Museum and other historic properties within the district boundaries.
Elevation Rhythm
Elevation Rhythm (stylized as ELEVATION RHYTHM) is an American Christian music collective from Charlotte, North Carolina, affiliated with Elevation Church.

On April 1, 2022, the group released their debut studio album, Growing Pains.  It was followed by This Is the Gospel, released on April 14, 2023, and Victory Lap, released on May 23, 2025. On the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart, This Is the Gospel reached No. 46, and Victory Lap reached No. 7. Elevation Rhythm, with Gracie Binion, also released their single Goodbye Yesterday on May 3, 2024, reaching the top 10 ranks on three Billboard Christian charts. All three releases were released on Elevation Worship Records.

Musical collective
A musical collective is a type of artist collective for musicians in which membership is flexible and creative control is shared. The concept is distinct from that of a traditional band in that musical collectives allow for flexibility in their rosters, and members are free to rotate in and out of the line-up. Collectives may exist in almost any genre of music, although they have been especially prominent in indie rock and hip hop. They may differ from record labels in that they primarily serve as mutual support for member artists, although some collectives may also serve as a record label for members.

Musical collectives typically consist of artists with similar stylistic interests. Notable musical collectives have included the Soulquarians, Elephant 6, and the Dungeon Family, and Odd Future, among others.
Culture hero
A culture hero is a mythological hero specific to some group (cultural, ethnic, religious, etc.) who changes the world through invention or discovery. Places like the French Panthéon and the German Walhalla (memorial) show the term is also used for regular people who had civil courage. Although many culture heroes help with the creation of the world, most culture heroes are important because of their effect on the world after creation. A typical culture hero might be credited as the discoverer of fire, agriculture, songs, tradition, law, or religion, and is usually the most important legendary figure of a people, sometimes as the founder of its ruling dynasty.

Discovery (observation)
Discovery is the act of detecting something new, or something previously unrecognized as meaningful. In the sciences and other academic disciplines, discovery is the observation of new phenomena, new actions, or new events and involves providing new reasoning to explain the knowledge gathered through such observations, using knowledge previously acquired through abstract thought and from everyday experiences.

Some discoveries represent a radical breakthrough in knowledge or technology. Others are based on earlier discoveries, collaborations or ideas. In such cases, the process of discovery requires at least the awareness that an existing concept or method could be modified or transformed. New discoveries are made using various senses, and are usually added to pre-existing knowledge. Questioning plays a key role in discovery; discoveries are often made due to questions. Some discoveries lead to the invention of objects, processes, or techniques.
David-Baptiste Chirot
David-Baptiste Chirot (David Lawrence Harris) (1953-2021) was an interdisciplinary, multimedia American artist. His artwork included mail art, collage, visual poetry, asemic poetry, performance poetry, and poetic essays.

Mail art
Mail art, also known as postal art and correspondence art, is an artistic movement centered on sending small-scale works through the postal service. It developed out of what eventually became Ray Johnson's New York Correspondence School and the Fluxus movements of the 1960s. It has since developed into a global, ongoing movement.
Assyrian conquest of Aram
The Assyrian conquest of Aram (c. 856 – 732 BCE) refers to the series of military campaigns and annexations by the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–605 BCE) that brought the independent Aramean states (roughly modern-day Syria in the Levant) under Assyrian control. Most of the northwestern Aramean states were also Neo-Hittite states. In the Neo-Assyrian Empire's administrative terminology, the conquered territories west of the Euphrates were incorporated into the province of Eber-Nari ('Beyond the River, i.e. the Euphrates'). These campaigns marked the end of Aram's political independence.

Bit Adini
Bit Adini, a city or region of Syria, called sometimes Bit Adini in Assyrian sources, was an Aramaean state that existed as an independent kingdom during the 10th and 9th centuries BC, with its capital at Til Barsib (now Tell Ahmar). The city is considered one of the two chief states of the Aramean-held territories in the Euphrates along with Carchemish.

It is considered an Early Iron Age Aramaean settlement between the Balikh and the Euphrates rivers, and extended westwards into northern Syria. Some sources also refer to it as a Neo-Hittite kingdom due to the discovery of Hittite hieroglyphic inscriptions. It is usually thought to have been in the bend of the Euphrates River, south of Carchemish.

There are scholars who associate Bit Adini with Beth Eden, which may mean "house of evil" or "house of delight".
(R)-2-Methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine
(R)-2-Methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine is an organoboron catalyst that is used in organic synthesis. This catalyst, developed by Shinichi Itsuno and Elias James Corey, is generated by heating (R)-(+)-2-(diphenylhydroxymethyl) pyrrolidine along with trimethylboroxine or methylboronic acid. It is an excellent tool for the synthesis of alcohols in high enantiomeric ratio. Generally, 2-10 mol% of this catalyst is used along with borane-tetrahydrofuran (THF), borane-dimethylsulfide, borane-N,N-diethylaniline, or diborane as the borane source. Enantioselective reduction using chiral oxazaborolidine catalysts has been used in the synthesis of commercial drugs such as ezetimibe and aprepitant.

Diethylaniline
Diethylaniline is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NC6H5.  It is a colorless liquid but commercial samples are often yellow.  It is a precursor to several dyes and other commercial products.
Whitecap Dakota First Nation
Whitecap Dakota First Nation (Dakota: Wápaha Ská Dakhóta Oyáte) is a Dakota First Nations band government whose reserve  is located 26 km (16 mi) south of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Governing the Whitecap Indian Reserve No. 94, historically referred to as the Moose Woods Sioux Reserve, it is bordered by the Rural Municipality of Dundurn No. 314 and located along Highway 219 between the South Saskatchewan River and CFAD Dundurn.

Chief Wapahaska (White Cap) and his band eventually settled along the South Saskatchewan River, and received a 16.774 km2 (6.476 sq mi) reserve in June 1881 despite not having signed a treaty. The First Nation has a registered population of 656 people as of March 2017; approximately 322 members of the First Nation live on-reserve and approximately 334 live off-reserve. The First Nation is led by Chief Darcy Bear and is affiliated with the Saskatoon Tribal Council.

The Dakota Dunes Casino is located on Whitecap Dakota First Nation.

Rural Municipality of Dundurn No. 314
The Rural Municipality of Dundurn No. 314 (2016 population: 2,404) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 11 and SARM Division No. 5. It is located in the north-central portion of the province along the South Saskatchewan River and surrounds the Town of Dundurn.
Nanchong station
Nanchong Station (Chinese: 南涌站; pinyin: Nánchōng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Nàahmchūng Jaahm) is a station on Line 7 of Guangzhou Metro, located underground on Shunde Avenue west of Lintou Bridge in Foshan's Shunde District. The station was opened on 1 May 2022, with the opening of the western extension of Line 7.

Line 7 (Guangzhou Metro)
Line 7 of the Guangzhou Metro is a rapid transit line in Guangzhou and Foshan, Guangdong Province, China. It is envisioned as a tangential line that runs across southeast Guangzhou and Foshan, allowing for orbital traffic between the suburbs of Shunde, Panyu and Huangpu to avoid the crowded stations in the city center. Line 7's color is light green.
Pat Sullivan (baseball manager)
Patrick Joseph Sullivan (March 24, 1854 – February 26, 1896) was professional baseball manager for a period of three games for the Columbus Solons of the American Association.  During this period, his team won two games and lost one.  He replaced Al Buckenberger, and Gus Schmelz replaced Sullivan, and remained their manager until the team folded following the 1891 season.

Sullivan died in Columbus, Ohio at the age of 41.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
Fisherman's Island State Park
Fisherman's Island State Park is a public recreation area of 2,678 acres (1,084 ha) sitting on six miles (9.7 km) of Lake Michigan shoreline southwest of Charlevoix, Michigan. It is named for a small piece of land, Fisherman Island, located some 900 feet (270 m) from the mainland. For most of the period from 1998 to 2016, historically low lake levels resulted in the island becoming attached to the mainland via a tombolo. The park's interior terrain consists largely of rolling dunes covered with maple, birch and aspen broken up by bogs of cedar and black spruce. The park is operated by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.

Michigan Department of Natural Resources
The Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is the agency of the state of Michigan founded in 1921, charged with maintaining natural resources such as state parks, state forests, and recreation areas. It is governed by a director appointed by the Governor and accepted by the Natural Resources Commission. Since 2023, the Director is Scott Bowen. The DNR has about 1,400 permanent employees, and over 1,600 seasonal employees.
Hir Jamus Saghir
Hir Jamus Saghir (Arabic: حير جاموس صغير)  is a Syrian village located in Salqin Nahiyah in Harem District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Hir Jamus Saghir had a population of 432 in the 2004 census.

Salqin Subdistrict
Salqin Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية سلقين)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Harem District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Salqin Subdistrict had a population of 47,939 in the 2004 census.
2020 in Tamil television
The following is a list of events affecting Tamil language television in 2020 from India (Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia and the Tamil diaspora. Events listed include television show debuts and finales; channel launches and closures; stations changing or adding their network affiliations; and information about changes of ownership of channels or stations.

Tamil diaspora
The Tamil diaspora refers to descendants of the Tamil speaking immigrants who emigrated from their native lands in the southern Indian subcontinent (Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Sri Lanka) to other parts of the world. They are found primarily in Malaysia, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, South Africa, North America, Western Europe, and Singapore. It can be divided into two main diasporic clusters, due to geographical, historical and cultural reasons, as Indian Tamil diaspora and Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora.

Four groups make up the bulk of the Tamil diaspora: colonial-era descendants of migrants to Southeast Asia, South Africa, East Africa, the Caribbean, and Fiji; recent, educated Tamil immigrants primarily to the U.S., Australia, and the U.K.; Sri Lankan Tamil refugees who resettled primarily in Canada, Western and Northern Europe, and Oceania between the 1980s and 2010s; and recent Tamil migration to the Gulf states of the Middle East as labor.
Andrew Wight
Andrew Wight (14 November 1959 – 4 February 2012) was an Australian screenwriter and producer best known for his  2011 film Sanctum.  He produced over 45 films including television documentaries, live television specials and 3D IMAX films. His credits include Ghosts of the Abyss, Aliens of the Deep and Expedition: Bismarck. Wight was honoured with the Australian Geographic Society Spirit of Adventure Awards in 1989.

Australian Geographic
Australian Geographic is a media business that produces the Australian Geographic and Australian Geographic Adventure magazine, australiangeographic.com.au and operates, either itself or business partners, Australian Geographic stores, Australian Geographic Travel and various other businesses.

Australian Geographic magazine, originally titled Dick Smith's Australian Geographic, is a bi-monthly geographical journal created by Dick Smith in 1986. The magazine focuses mainly on stories about Australia, or about Australian people in other countries. The six editions published each year are available by subscription and on newsstands. They include posters or sheet maps in each edition, as well as photographs and detailed technical illustrations.

The entire Australian Geographic magazine archive is available on its website to subscribers.

The profits earned by Australian Geographic Holdings are contributed to the Australian Geographic Society which is a registered Australian Charity.
Spalony Dwór
Spalony Dwór [spaˈlɔ.nɨ dvur] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Prudnik, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

According to Meyers Gazetteer, 13 people lived in Spalony Dwór. Currently the village is uninhabited.

Prudnik County
Prudnik County (Polish: powiat prudnicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Prudnik, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. The county also contains the towns of Głogówek, lying 21 km (13 mi) east of Prudnik, and Biała, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Prudnik.

The county covers an area of 571.16 square kilometres (220.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 55,325, out of which the population of Prudnik is 21,041, that of Głogówek is 5,592, that of Biała is 2,426, and the rural population is 26,266.
Sacrifice (1917 film)
Sacrifice is a 1917 American drama silent film directed by Frank Reicher and written by Charles Kenyon, Beatrice DeMille and Leighton Osmun. The film stars Margaret Illington, Jack Holt, Noah Beery, Sr. and Winter Hall. The film was released on May 3, 1917, by Paramount Pictures.

Frank Reicher
Frank Reicher (born Franz Reichert; December 2, 1875 – January 19, 1965) was a German-born American actor, director and producer. He is best known for playing Captain Englehorn in the 1933 film King Kong.
Bolton (CDP), Vermont
Bolton is the primary village and a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Bolton, Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The village is in eastern Chittenden County, on the north side of the valley of the Winooski River as it cuts through the center of the Green Mountains. The village is located along U.S. Route 2, which leads east 7 miles (11 km) to Waterbury and west 6 miles (10 km) to Richmond. Interstate 89 forms the northern edge of the community; the nearest access is from Exit 10 at Waterbury or Exit 11 at Richmond.

Green Mountains
The Green Mountains are a mountain range in the U.S. state of Vermont and are a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains. The range runs primarily south to north and extends approximately 250 miles (400 km) from the border with Massachusetts to the border with Quebec, Canada. The part of the same range that is in Massachusetts and Connecticut is known as the Berkshires or the Berkshire Hills (with the Connecticut portion, mostly in Litchfield County, locally called the Northwest Hills or Litchfield Hills) and the Quebec portion is called the Sutton Mountains, or Monts Sutton in French.

All mountains in Vermont are often referred to as the "Green Mountains". However, other ranges within Vermont, including the Taconic Mountains in southwestern Vermont and the Northeastern Highlands, are not geologically part of the Green Mountains.
Mike Fokoroni
Mike Fokoroni (also written Mike Fokorani; born 10 January 1977) is a Zimbabwean long-distance runner. His personal best time for the marathon is 2:13:17 hours, achieved in August 2008, placing 11th at the Beijing Olympics. In June 2013 he finished 8th to receive a gold medal in the Comrades ultramarathon of 87 km.

Fokoroni won the 2016 Two Oceans Marathon and the 2022 Great Zimbabwe Marathon.

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place on 24 August at 7:30am in Beijing, ending in the Beijing National Stadium. It was (as of today) the last time in Summer Olympics history that the start and/or finish of the men's marathon route was located inside the Olympic Stadium. Ninety-five athletes from 56 nations competed. The winner of the event was Samuel Wanjiru of Kenya, who set an Olympic record in the time of two hours, six minutes, and 32 seconds. It was Kenya's first victory in the men's marathon. Morocco won its first medal in the event since 1960, with Jaouad Gharib's silver. Tsegay Kebede of Ethiopia took bronze.
Jane Norman (American deaf activist)
Nellie Jane Norman (September 11, 1939 – April 4, 2020) was a deaf performer, director, professor, and curator, recognized for her work on the faculty of Gallaudet University. She actively promoted deaf culture, language, and art through her contributions to teaching, TV programs, and film festivals. In 2007, she founded the National Deaf Life Museum at Gallaudet.

Deaf culture
Deaf culture is the set of social beliefs, behaviors, art, literary traditions, history, values, and shared institutions of communities that are influenced by deafness and which use sign languages as the main means of communication. When used as a cultural label,  especially within the culture, the word deaf is often written with a capital D and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. When used as a label for the audiological condition, it is written with a lower case d. Carl G. Croneberg was among the first to discuss analogies between Deaf and hearing cultures in his appendices C and D of the 1965 Dictionary of American Sign Language.
William Glascock
William Glascock (May 28, 1730 – c. December 23, 1793) served as Chairman of the Executive Council (governor) of Georgia during the American Revolution. He was from Augusta and was a veteran of the French and Indian War, Seminole Wars and the War of 1812. Glascock subsequently served in the Georgia General Assembly and the U.S. Congress. He was the father of Brigadier General Thomas Glascock Sr., and grandfather of Brigadier General Thomas Glascock Jr.

Georgia General Assembly
The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Each of the General Assembly's 236 members serve two-year terms and are directly elected by constituents of their district. The Constitution of Georgia vests all legislative power with the General Assembly. Both houses have similar powers, though each has unique duties as well. For example, the origination of appropriations bills only occurs in the House, while the Senate is tasked with confirmation of the governor's appointments.

The General Assembly meets in the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta.
Gord McNeilly
Gord McNeilly is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island in the 2019 Prince Edward Island general election. He represents the district of Charlottetown-West Royalty as a member of the Liberal Party of Prince Edward Island.

In the 2015 provincial election, he ran as the NDP candidate in the district of Charlottetown-Lewis Point, coming in a close second (30.67%) after the Liberal Kathleen Casey (34.26%).

He was re-elected in the 2023 general election.

As of September 8, 2024, he serves as the Opposition critic for Wellness, Social Development, Housing, Justice, Public Safety, and the Status of Women.  He also serves as the Opposition House Leader.

He is the only black member of the legislature.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.