hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rineloricaria platyura
Rineloricaria platyura is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in coastal rivers from the mouth of the Amazon River to the Essequibo River in French Guiana, Guyana, and Brazil. The species reaches 14 cm (5.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Rineloricaria platyura sometimes appears in the aquarium trade, where it is frequently referred to as the pearlscale whiptail or the Amazonia whiptail.

Essequibo River
The Essequibo River (Spanish: Río Esequibo; originally called by Alonso de Ojeda; Río Dulce) is the largest river in Guyana, and the largest river between the Orinoco and Amazon. Rising in the Acarai Mountains near the Brazil–Guyana border, the Essequibo flows to the north for 1,014 km (630 mi) through forest and savanna into the Atlantic Ocean. It has a total drainage basin of 156,828 km2 (60,552 mi2) and an average discharge of 154 to 178 km³/year.

Territory near the river is argued over by Venezuela and Guyana. The river is administered by Guyana after being previously colonized by the British. Historically, Venezuela has claimed the Essequibo River as their most eastern border, though in practice it was under Dutch control.
Michał Jerzy Mniszech
Count Michał Jerzy Wandalin Mniszech (1748–1806) was a Polish nobleman.

Michal became Colonel in 1757, Crown Cupbearer in 1777, Lithuanian Grand Secretary in 1778, Chief of the Royal Chancellery in 1780. He served also as Lithuanian Court Marshal from 1781 until 1783 and  Crown Grand Marshal from 1783 until 1793. In 1797 he was appointed Privy Councillor of state by Paul I. He was starosta of Lublin, Jawor, Słonim and Rostoki.

As one of the senators he participated in the Great Sejm.

Slonim
Slonim is a town in Grodno Region, in western Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slonim District. It is located at the junction of the Shchara and Isa rivers, 143 km (89 mi) southeast of Grodno. As of 2025, it has a population of 48,402.
Poyans
Poyans is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

The people are called Poyans and Poyannes, and numbered 146 in 2018. The area is 12.17 km2 and it is located between 194 and 248 metres above sea level.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
Deep Run Ponds Natural Area Preserve
Deep Run Ponds Natural Area Preserve is a 907-acre (3.67 km2) Natural Area Preserve in Rockingham County, Virginia. The preserve contains one of the largest remaining systems of Shenandoah Valley sinkhole ponds in Virginia. Such ponds are found in Rockingham and Augusta counties; their water levels fluctuate throughout the year. The preserve's eight sinkhole ponds support a variety of rare plant and animal life; two ponds support the rare Virginia sneezeweed (Helenium virginicum), while others contain black-fruited spikerush (Eleocharis melanocarpa), northern St. John's-wort (Hypericum boreale), Buxbaum's sedge (Carex buxbaumi), and northern bog clubmoss (Lycopodiella inundata).

The preserve is owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. It does not include improvements for public access, and visitors must make arrangements with a state-employed land steward prior to visiting.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Luc Debaillie
Luc Debaillie is a Belgian businessman.

He is the chairman and managing director of Voeders Debaillie, and chairman of the board of directors of De Vervoersverzekeringen. He was appointed director of Almanij in 1976 and when in 2005, Almanij merged with KBC to form the KBC Group, he became a member of the board of the new group. Together with several other families of the Almanij group, he was one of the investors in the Asphales holding of Piet Van Waeyenberge.

Piet Van Waeyenberge
Piet Paul August, Baron Van Waeyenberge (born Ghent, Belgium, 27 October 1938) is a Belgian businessman. He is a son of Camille Van Waeyenberge and a brother of Jozef Van Waeyenberge. He was one of the founders, and is currently president, of business club De Warande. He is married to Wina Proesmans and together they have 3 children.
Highest-weight category
In the mathematical field of representation theory, a highest-weight category is a k-linear category C (here k is a field) that

is locally artinian

has enough injectives

satisfies

for all subobjects B and each family of subobjects {Aα} of each object X

and such that there is a locally finite poset Λ (whose elements are called the weights of C) that satisfies the following conditions:

The poset Λ indexes an exhaustive set of non-isomorphic simple objects {S(λ)} in C.

Λ also indexes a collection of objects {A(λ)} of objects of C such that there exist embeddings S(λ) → A(λ) such that all composition factors S(μ) of A(λ)/S(λ) satisfy μ < λ.

For all μ, λ in Λ,

is finite, and the multiplicity

is also finite.

Each S(λ) has an injective envelope I(λ) in C equipped with an increasing filtration

such that

for n > 1,  for some μ = λ(n) > λ
for each μ in Λ, λ(n) = μ for only finitely many n

Injective object
In mathematics, especially in the field of category theory, the concept of injective object is a generalization of the concept of injective module. This concept is important in cohomology, in homotopy theory and in the theory of model categories. The dual notion is that of a projective object.
Lloyd baronets of Bronwydd (1863)
The Lloyd baronetcy, of Bronwydd in the County of Cardigan, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 21 January 1863 for the Welsh Liberal politician Thomas Lloyd. The title became extinct on the death of the 2nd Baronet in 1933.

Bronwydd Castle
Bronwydd Castle (or simply Bronwydd) was a Welsh country house in Cardiganshire, owned by the Lloyd family. It is just south of Llangynllo/Llangunllo, halfway between Cardigan and Lampeter. Sir Thomas Lloyd, 1st Baronet rebuilt the original 18th-century house in the Gothic Revival style in the 1850s. The family sold the house in 1937 after the death of Sir Thomas' son and daughter-in-law; after World War II the house was stripped of its fittings and has been left in ruins.
Bread Loaf, Vermont
Bread Loaf is an unincorporated community within the town of Ripton in Addison County, Vermont, United States. The community is on the west flank of Bread Loaf Mountain. The community formerly had a post office.

The Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, sponsored by Middlebury College, occurs annually in Bread Loaf.

Middlebury College
Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury, Vermont, United States. Founded in 1800 by Congregationalists, Middlebury was the first operating college or university in Vermont.

In the fall of 2024, the college enrolled 2,760 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries and offers 45 majors in the arts and humanities as well as joint engineering programs. In addition to its undergraduate liberal arts program, the school also has graduate schools, the Middlebury College Language Schools, the Bread Loaf School of English, and the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, as well as its C.V. Starr-Middlebury Schools Abroad international programs. Middlebury's 31 varsity teams are the Middlebury Panthers and compete in the NCAA Division III's New England Small College Athletic Conference.
7 Kenya Rifles
7 Kenya Rifles is a battalion of the Kenya Army Infantry. It came into being on June 8, 1968, at Gilgil in a British army camp which had been abandoned since 1964. The first commanding officer of the unit Was Lt Col Wambua. The unit relocated to its current base at Langata in 1973. The Maroon Commandos is a military band belonging to the battalion.

Gilgil
Gilgil, Kenya, is a town in Nakuru County, Kenya. The town is located between Naivasha and Nakuru and along the Nairobi - Nakuru highway. It is to the west of the Gilgil River, which flows south to feed Lake Naivasha.

According to the 1999 census, Gilgil had a population of 18,805.

Gilgil is the administrative centre of Gilgil Division in Nakuru County. In 2022, Gilgil town received a charter from former Governor Lee Kinyanjui to become a municipality.
Adelges
Adelges is a genus of insects which feed on conifers. They have complex life cycles, some species feeding exclusively on spruce, others feeding on spruce and an alternate conifer. However, galls characteristic of each species are formed only on spruce. Six generations are usually needed to complete the 2-year cycle, and in the case of species having an alternate host, winged adults about 2 mm long are formed only in the generations that move from one host to the other.

The spruce gall adelgid (Adelges lariciatus Patch) occurs in alternate years on spruce and larch from Alberta to the Maritimes and in adjacent parts of the United States. The pale spruce gall adelgid (Adelges strobilobius Kaltenbach) has a similar range but prefers black spruce or red spruce to white spruce.

Species include:

Adelges abietis (Pineapple gall adelgid)

Adelges cooleyi (Gall adelgid)

Adelges piceae (Balsam woolly adelgid)

Adelges tsugae (Hemlock woolly adelgid)

Adelges viridanus

Picea mariana
Picea mariana, the black spruce, is a North American species of spruce tree in the pine family. It is widespread across Canada, found in all 10 provinces and all 3 territories. It is the official tree of Newfoundland and Labrador and is that province's most abundant tree. Its range extends into northern parts of the United States: in Alaska, the Great Lakes region, and the upper Northeast. It is a frequent part of the biome known as taiga or boreal forest.

The Latin specific epithet mariana means "of the Virgin Mary".
Tony Maddox
Tony Maddox is a British journalist.   He was executive vice president and managing director of CNN International from 2003 until May 2019.

He previously worked at the BBC for 13 years as a reporter, news producer and news editor.

In 2015 he was honored by the U.S. State Department as a Trafficking in Persons Report Hero for starting the CNN Freedom Project.

He left CNN in May 2019 for retirement after 21 years with the company by accepting a voluntary buyout option.

Trafficking in Persons Report
The Trafficking in Persons Report, or the TIP Report, is an annual report issued since 2001 by the U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons. It ranks governments based on their perceived efforts to acknowledge and combat human trafficking.
Hannes Torpo
Kaarlo Johannes ("Hannes") Torpo (21 January 1901 – 10 September 1980) was a Finnish track and field athlete who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Keikyä, Pirkanmaa and died in Helsinki. In 1924, he finished fourth in the shot put competition.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's shot put
The men's shot put event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Tuesday, July 8, 1924. 28 shot putters from 15 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation was 4. The event was won by Bud Houser of the United States, the nation's sixth victory in the men's shot put (having won every Games except 1920). Glenn Hartranft took silver and Ralph Hills took bronze to complete the Americans' fourth medal sweep in the event.
Sack of Louvain
The Sack of Leuven was the German assault on the Belgian town of Leuven (French: Louvain), part of the events collectively known as the Rape of Belgium, taking place during the First World War. Over the course of several days of pillaging and brutality, 248 people were killed and 1,500 were deported to Germany where they were held at the Munster internment camp until January 1915. The Library of the Catholic University of Leuven was destroyed after it was set on fire by the occupying German soldiers and 1,120 of the 8,928 homes in Leuven were destroyed.

Munster Training Area
The Munster Training Area (German: Truppenübungsplatz Munster) is a military training area in Germany on the Lüneburg Heath. It comprises two separate areas with different purposes: Munster North (Munster-Nord) (size: 102 square kilometres (39 sq mi)) and Munster South (Munster-Süd) (size: 74 square kilometres (29 sq mi)). The two areas are separated geographically by the town of Munster and several barracks. When the military training area was established a camp or Lager was built about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) from the town centre which became known as Munsterlager. 
Between Munster North and South there is a road corridor to the nearby training area of Bergen-Hohne over which exercising troops can transfer from one area to the other.
There are many rare and endangered plant species on this terrain today that thrive in the environment created by the training area.
Zagore Beach
Zagore Beach (Bulgarian: Загорски бряг, romanized: Zagorski bryag, IPA: [zɐˈɡɔrski ˈbrʲak]) faces False Bay on Livingston Island, Antarctica and extends for 4 km on the Rozhen Peninsula between Charity Glacier and the Ruen Icefall.  The beach is surmounted by Canetti Peak (400 m) and MacKay Peak (approx 700 m).  Surface area 220 hectares (540 acres).

The beach is named after the historic region of Zagore situated south of the Balkan Mountains in Bulgaria.

Ruen Icefall
The Ruen Icefall (Bulgarian: ледопад Руен, romanized: ledopad Ruen, IPA: [lɛdoˈpat ˈruɛn]) on Rozhen Peninsula in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica is situated south of Huntress Glacier, northwest of Prespa Glacier and northeast of Peshtera and Charity Glaciers.  It descends towards False Bay from the circus overlooked by Simeon Peak, St. Cyril Peak and St. Methodius Peak in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains.

Ruen is the summit of Osogovo Mountain in south-western Bulgaria.
Pyramid of Sinki
Pyramid of Sinki is a small, layered step pyramid located approximately 5.5 km southeast of the Temple of Seti I and in Abydos, eighth nome in Upper Egypt. It was built on a sand surface, which was common for several layer step pyramids in ancient Egypt.

The pyramid is attributed to Pharaoh Huni, likely a mastaba (ancient Egyptian tomb), is made of limestone, aligned with the Nile River, and features mudbrick ramps. There are 14 similar pyramids near it.

The pyramid is believed to date back to the Third Dynasty of Egypt (c. 2686 BC–c. 2613 BC). It was built from rough stone blocks and lacks the uniform casing found on other pyramids, resembling structures like those at El Amrah. The pyramid was largely forgotten until renewed interest emerged in 1977, when it became part of a broader study of Egypt's "Minor Step Pyramids".

El-Amrah, Egypt
26°8′35.22″N 31°58′6.41″E﻿ / ﻿26.1431167°N 31.9684472°E﻿ / 26.1431167; 31.9684472

El-Amrah is a site about 120 km (75 mi) south of Badari, Upper Egypt.

Archaeological discoveries in 1901 at El-Amrah, were the basis of what is now known as the Amratian culture, a Naqada I culture of predynastic Upper Egypt, that lasted from 4400 BC to c. 3500 BC.

Model cattle, El-Amra, Naqada I, British Museum EA 35506

Pre-Dynastic model house, El-Amra, Naqada IIC until 3200 BCE, British Museum EA35505

The Min Palette: a mudstone palette with the archaic hieroglyph for the god of fertility Min in relief. Pre-dynastic Naqada III. 3250-3100 BC. El-Amra
Doreen Nxumalo
Muntu Doreen Nxumalo (born 16 August 1949) is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2014. She served two terms, gaining election in 2004 and re-election in 2009. She represented the Gauteng constituency and in 2009 was appointed as the ANC's whip in the Portfolio Committee on Arts and Culture.

2009 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 22 April 2009 to elect members of the National Assembly and provincial legislatures. These were the fourth general elections held since the end of the apartheid era.

The North Gauteng High Court ruled on 9 February 2009 that South African citizens living abroad should be allowed to vote in elections. The judgment was confirmed by the Constitutional Court on 12 March 2009, when it decided that overseas voters who were already registered would be allowed to vote. Registered voters who found themselves outside their registered voting districts on election day were also permitted to vote for the national ballot at any voting station in South Africa.

The result was a victory for the ruling African National Congress (ANC), which won 264 of the 400 seats in the National Assembly, a fifteen seat reduction compared to the 2004 elections and losing its two-thirds supermajority. ANC leader Jacob Zuma became president.
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification
The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification process decided all 24 teams which played in the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup, with the hosts France qualifying automatically. It is the eighth FIFA Women's World Cup, the quadrennial international women's football world championship tournament. The tournament is the third to be hosted in Europe, after the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup in Sweden and the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup in Germany.

2011 FIFA Women's World Cup
The 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup was the sixth FIFA Women's World Cup competition, the world championship for women's national football teams. It was held from 26 June to 17 July 2011 in Germany, which won the right to host the event in October 2007. Japan won the final against the United States on a penalty shoot-out following a 2–2 draw after extra time and became the first Asian team to win a senior FIFA World Cup.

The matches were played in nine stadiums in nine host cities around the country, with the final played at the Commerzbank Arena in Frankfurt. Sixteen teams were selected for participation via a worldwide qualification tournament that began in 2009. In the first round of the tournament finals, the teams competed in round-robin groups of four teams for points, with the top two teams in each group proceeding. These eight teams advanced to the knockout stage, where two rounds of play decided which teams would participate in the final.
Assam Valley Party
Assam Valley Party was founded by Muhammed Saadulah, the first Prime Minister of Assam in 1937.
It was the second largest political party after Indian National Congress during 1937–1946 in Assam. It formed government three times in Assam Province, in 1937, 1939 and in 1942.

Muhammed Saadulah
Sir Syed Muhammad Saadulla KCIE (Assamese: ছাৰ ছৈয়দ মহম্মদ ছাদুল্লাহ; 21 May 1885 – 8 January 1955) was the 1st Prime Minister of Assam in British India from 1937 to 1946. He was also the member of Constituent Assembly of India from 1946 to 1950.

Saadulla was knighted in the 1928 Birthday Honours and appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) in the 1946 Birthday Honours.
Albert of Riga
Albert of Riga or Albert of Livonia (c. 1165 – 17 January 1229) was the third Catholic Bishop of Riga in Livonia. As the Bishop of Livonia, in 1201, he founded Riga, the modern capital city of Latvia, and the city was later made a bishopric. The building of the Riga Cathedral started during his tenure there in 1221.

Albert headed the armed forces that forcibly converted the pagan indigenous population of the eastern Baltic region to Christianity as a result of the Northern Crusades.

Archbishopric of Riga
The Archbishopric of Riga (Latin: Archiepiscopatus Rigensis, Low German: Erzbisdom Riga) was a Catholic diocese and civil government in Medieval Livonia, subject to the Holy See. It was established in 1186 and ended in 1561.
Arabs: A 3,000-Year History of Peoples, Tribes and Empires
Arabs: A 3,000-Year History of Peoples, Tribes and Empires is a 2019 non-fiction book by British author and Arabist Tim Mackintosh-Smith. The book was written over nine years in Sanaa, Yemen, and during the last four years, the author was confined in his neighbourhood due to the eruption of the Yemeni Civil War. Covering the history of Arabs from their first known mention in 853 BCE up to the present, the book uses Arabic language as a unifying factor to tell the story. Arabs was met with dozens of reviews and mentions, the vast majority of them favorable.

Albert Hourani
Albert Habib Hourani, CBE (Arabic: ألبرت حبيب حوراني Albart Ḥabīb Ḥūrānī; 31 March 1915 – 17 January 1993) was a Lebanese British historian, specialising in the history of the Middle East and Middle Eastern studies.
Sun Odyssey 45.2
The Sun Odyssey 45.2 is a French sailboat that was designed by Philippe Briand and the Jeanneau Design Office as a cruiser and first built in 1997.

The boat was also sold as the Moorings 45.2 to Moorings Yacht Charter and as the Stardust 453 three-cabin boat and Stardust 454 four-cabin boat for the general yacht charter market.

Yacht charter
Yacht chartering is the practice of renting, or chartering, a sailboat or motor yacht and traveling to various coastal or island destinations.

There are three main kinds of charter: bareboat, skippered and crewed. Bareboat charters require the client to skipper the boat themselves, while skippered charters include both boat and a professional skipper. Crewed charters are staffed by a captain and professional crew that can include chefs, engineers, deckhands, and stewards. Most bareboat charter companies offer basic seamanship courses to prepare clients for handling a boat. These companies may also provide skippered charters, which include a skipper, but no additional crew.
HD Air Ltd
HD Air Limited (formerly BAC Express Airlines) was a British cargo airline based in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. It operated contract services for the Royal Mail and other express courier companies, as well as ad hoc freight charters throughout Europe. The main operating bases were Aberdeen Airport, Coventry Airport, Inverness Airport and Luton Airport.

HD Air Limited held a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence, permitting it to carry cargo and mail.

Coventry Airport
Coventry Airport (IATA: CVT, ICAO: EGBE) is located three nautical miles (six kilometres) south-southeast of Coventry city centre, in the village of Baginton, Warwickshire, England. The airport is operated and licensed by Coventry Airport Limited. Its CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P902) allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.

In October 2017, Coventry Airport underwent transition to a general aviation aerodrome offering a flight information service.

In December 2025, it was announced the airport would permanently close in June 2026, to be replaced with a battery gigafactory.