hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fresh Out the Pen
Fresh Out the Pen is the third solo album by American rapper and producer Cold 187um of Pomona-based hip hop group Above the Law. It was released on August 5, 2008, under RBC Records under the 'Cold187um' name after releasing two previous albums as Big Hutch. The album's title refers to Cold's release from prison following a 105-week sentence for drug trafficking.

Audio production of this record was handled by himself, Royal Krown and Tony 'Touch' Issac, and featured guest appearances from Hazmad and Royal Krown.

RBC Records
RBC Records is an American online independent record label and management company founded by partners Brian Shafton and Bob Grossi. It provides artists and independent labels with a full-service "virtual label" alternative to signing with a major label. RBC provides distribution, sales, marketing, online publicity, radio promotion, video promotion, product management, and creative services consulting to artists and management. The company announced in 2013 that it would start producing and distributing films under the name RBC Films.

In September 2018, BMG Rights Management acquired RBC for an undisclosed fee.
Avižieniai Eldership
Avižieniai Eldership (Lithuanian: Avižienių seniūnija) is an eldership in Lithuania, located in Vilnius District Municipality, northwest of Vilnius. It is the most populous eldership in the municipality.

Russians in Lithuania
Russians in Lithuania (Russian: Русские в Литве, romanized: Russkiye v Litve, Lithuanian: Lietuvos rusai) number about 144,000 people, according to the Lithuanian estimates of 2024, or 5.0% of the total population of Lithuania.
Catherine Spalding
Catherine Spalding, known as Mother Spalding, (December 23, 1793 – March 20, 1858) was an American educator who was a co-founder and longtime mother superior of the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth.  She pioneered education, health services and social services for girls and orphans in Louisville and other Kentucky cities. On January 6, 2003, the Louisville Courier-Journal named Spalding as the only woman among sixteen "most influential people in Louisville/Jefferson County history."

Jefferson County, Kentucky
Jefferson County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the commonwealth (with more than twice the population of second ranked Fayette County).

Since a city-county merger in 2003, the county's territory, population and government have been coextensive with the city of Louisville, which also serves as county seat. The administrative entity created by this merger is the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, abbreviated to Louisville Metro.

Jefferson County is the anchor of the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, locally referred to as Kentuckiana.
Undefeated (Def Leppard song)
"Undefeated" is a 2011 song by English hard rock band Def Leppard from their live album Mirror Ball – Live & More. It was the first single from the album, and was released publicly via a YouTube clip on 12 April 2011 after having been played for the first time on Planet Rock the same day.  The song was made available for purchase via iTunes on 16 April. The song reached 26th on Billboard's Heritage Rock charts.

Planet Rock (radio station)
Planet Rock is a British digital radio station and network owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK. The station broadcasts classic rock music.

As of December 2024, the station has a weekly audience of 956,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
Gajówka-Wieś
Gajówka-Wieś [ɡaˈjufka ˈvjɛɕ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dalików, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Dalików, 13 km (8 mi) east of Poddębice, and 25 km (16 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice County
Poddębice County (Polish: powiat poddębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Poddębice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Uniejów, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Poddębice.

The county covers an area of 880.91 square kilometres (340.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,195, out of which the population of Poddębice is 7,875, that of Uniejów is 2,916, and the rural population is 31,404.
Illinois Vietnam Veterans Memorial
Illinois Vietnam Veterans Memorial honors the 2,970 Illinois residents who are listed as killed or listed as missing in action during the Vietnam War.  Dedicated in 1988, the Memorial includes the names of the dead or missing carved in black granite walls that radiate from the central eternal flame.  Supporting the flame are five vertical gray granite walls, each representing a branch of the armed services.  A vigil and memorial service is held each year on the first full weekend in May and on Memorial Day, as well as the first Saturday in December.

The Memorial is maintained by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency as a state historic site, and is located at Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois.

Vigil
A vigil is a period of purposeful sleeplessness, an occasion for devotional watching, or an observance.

The word derives from the Latin vigilia meaning "wakefulness" (Greek: pannychis, παννυχίς or agrypnia ἀγρυπνία), and the Italian word vigilia has become generalized in this sense and means "eve" (as in "on the eve of the war").
Brashear's Creek
Brashear's Creek is a USGS-classified stream flowing through Shelby and Spencer Counties in Kentucky. It begins at the confluence of Bullskin and Clear Creeks in Shelby County, approximately 2 miles east-northeast of Finchville, Kentucky. It flows approximately 26 miles from its source, through Rivals, to its terminus at Salt River in Taylorsville, Spencer County, Kentucky.

The stream normally flows year-round, but during prolonged drought, it has been known to stop, with a number of dry spots in shallower areas. Due to its relatively large watershed and surrounding moderately steep terrain, it is also prone to flash flooding and can cut off a number of smaller roads at peak levels.

In its history, Brashear's Creek has served as a source of drinking water for humans and livestock, irrigation water for crops, hydraulic power for mills, fishing and paddling

Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".
Mercer County Courthouse (Illinois)
The Mercer County Courthouse, located on Southeast 3rd Street (Illinois Route 17) in Aledo, is the county courthouse serving Mercer County, Illinois. The courthouse was authorized in 1893 to accommodate the growing county's needs and completed the following year. Architect Mifflin E. Bell designed the Romanesque Revival building; he later expanded upon the same plans to design the DuPage County Courthouse. The three-story sandstone building has arched entrances on all four sides. A clock tower rises above the center of the building, and several dormers project from the sides of the roof.

The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 17, 1982.

Illinois Route 17
Illinois Route 17 (IL 17) is a rural, arterial east–west state highway that runs east from a former ferry crossing in New Boston along the banks of the Mississippi River to State Road 2 west of Lowell, Indiana. It is 209.40 miles (337.00 km) long.
Bryant Bulldogs
The Bryant Bulldogs are the athletic teams representing Bryant University in Smithfield, Rhode Island. As of July 1, 2022, the Bulldogs compete in most National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I sports as members of the America East Conference (AmEast). The move to the AmEast followed a 14-year tenure in the Northeast Conference (NEC), which it joined in 2008 when it began a transition from NCAA Division II to Division I. Bryant's largest rivalry during its Division II years was Bentley College, both founders of the Northeast-10 Conference (NE-10) and both have prominent business programs. Bryant University athletics started out as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) before it transitioned into Division II. Bryant competed in the NE-10 from the conference's founding in 1980 until 2008 when the university began the transition to Division I. In 2012, Bryant became a full Division I member.

Bryant University
Bryant University is a private university in Smithfield, Rhode Island, United States. It has three colleges, the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Health and Behavioral Sciences, and the College of Business, and is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Sufi metaphysics
In Islamic philosophy, Sufi metaphysics is centered on the concept of وحدة, waḥdah, 'unity' or توحيد, tawhid. Two main Sufi philosophies prevail on this topic. Wahdat al-wujūd literally means "the Unity of Existence" or "the Unity of Being." Wujūd, meaning "existence" or "presence", here refers to God. On the other hand, waḥdat al-shuhūd, meaning "Apparentism" or "Monotheism of Witness", holds that God and his creation are entirely separate.

Some scholars have claimed that the difference between the two philosophies differ only in semantics and that the entire debate is merely a collection of "verbal controversies" which have come about because of ambiguous language. However, the concept of the relationship between God and the universe is still actively debated both among Sufis and between Sufis and non-Sufi Muslims.

Wali Sanga
Wali Songo (Javanese: ꦮꦭꦶꦱꦔ, lit. 'Nine Saints'), also transcribed as Wali Sanga, are revered saints of Islam in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, because of their historic role in the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The word wali is Arabic for "trusted one" or "friend of God" ("saint" in this context), while the word sanga is Javanese for the number nine.

Although referred to as a group, there is good evidence that fewer than nine were alive at any given time. Also, some sources use the term "Wali Sanga" to refer to saintly mystic(s) other than the most well-known nine individuals. Each man is often attributed the title sunan in Javanese, which may derive from suhun, in this context meaning "honoured". Most of the wali were also called raden during their lifetimes, because they were members of royal houses.

The graves of the Wali Sanga are venerated as locations of ziarah (ziyarat) or local pilgrimage in Java. The graves are also known as pundhen in Javanese.
J. Farrell MacDonald
John Farrell MacDonald (April 14, 1875 – August 2, 1952) was an American character actor and director. He played supporting roles and occasional leads. He appeared in over 325 films over a four-decade career from 1911 to 1951, and directed forty-four silent films from 1912 to 1917.

MacDonald was the principal director of L. Frank Baum's Oz Film Manufacturing Company, and he can frequently be seen in the films of Frank Capra, Preston Sturges and, especially, John Ford.

Over the Fence (1917 film)
Over the Fence is a 1917 American short comedy film directed by and starring Harold Lloyd. The film is notable as the debut of Lloyd's "Glasses" or "Boy" character. Prints of the film survive at the film archive of the Museum of Modern Art.
Alberta Highway 897
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 897 is a highway in the province of Alberta, Canada. It runs south-north in two sections, from Highway 14 north of Edgerton to Highway 55 south of Cold Lake, then from Kingsway at the west CFB Cold Lake limits to where Township Road 651 would be, west of Cold Lake Provincial Park. The south section runs between Highway 17 and Highway 41, the north section offers a route to resorts and vacation spots north of Cold Lake.

Alberta Highway 14
Highway 14 is an east-west highway in central Alberta, Canada. It stretches from Edmonton through Wainwright to the Alberta–Saskatchewan border, running parallel to the more northern Highway 16. Highway 14 is about 245 kilometres (152 mi) long.

Along with Saskatchewan Highway 40 (with which it connects at the boundary), it forms part of the Poundmaker Trail, named after Chief Poundmaker of the Cree.
1877 Totara by-election
The 1877 Totara by-election was a by-election held on 30 April 1877 in the Totara electorate on the West Coast of New Zealand during the 6th New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the death of the incumbent MP George Henry Tribe on 19 March 1877.

The by-election was won by William Gisborne. The polling place at Saltwater Creek recorded only a single vote (for Gisborne). The partial result below has a majority of 57 for Gisborne, although a late return from Hunt's Beach at Jackson's Bay resulted in his majority being 83 or 84.

6th New Zealand Parliament
The 6th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand.

Elections for this term were held in 69 European electorates between 20 December 1875 and 29 January 1876. Elections in the four Māori electorates were held on 4 and 15 January 1876. A total of 88 MPs were elected. Parliament was prorogued in August 1879. During the term of this Parliament, five Ministries were in power.
Climate change in Singapore
Singapore adopts a proactive long-term effort in addressing rising sea-levels, temperature increases due to global warming, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

As of 2022, compared to other ASEAN countries, Singapore has the second highest per capita CO2 emissions at 8.9 tonnes, and ranks sixth in total annual CO2 emissions at 53.25 million tonnes.

Member states of ASEAN
As of 2025, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has 11 member states and one observer state.

ASEAN was founded on 8 August 1967 with five member states: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. It is headquartered in Jakarta, Indonesia.
St Mary's Church, Lower Gravenhurst
St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Lower Gravenhurst, Bedfordshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  Lower Gravenhurst is some 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Bedford, to the east of the A6 road.  The church is surrounded by fields and stands on a small hill  and open daily.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Wojnar
Wojnar is a Polish surname, a cognate of the German Wagener, literally meaning wheelwright or cartwright in Polish. Feminine forms: archaic: Wojnarowa, Wojnarówna, dialectal: Wojnarka, Wojnarzonka. There are many variants depending from which German dialect and into which Polish dialect the surname was borrowed: Woinar, Woynar, Wojner, Wojnir, Wajnar, Weinar, Wajner, Wayner, Wejner, Weiner, Weyner, Vojnar. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Baran-Wojnar

Jerzy Wojnar (1930–2005), Polish pilot and luger

Petr Wojnar (born 1989), Czech footballer

Theodore J. Wojnar (born 1930), US Coast Guard rear admiral

William A. Wojnar (born 1951), American classical organist and professor

Peter Wayner
Peter Wayner is an American writer known for his books on technology and his writing in mainstream publications including The New York Times, InfoWorld, and Wired magazine. His work on mimic functions, a camouflaging technique for encoding data so it takes on the statistical characteristics of other information, is an example of steganography, and was the basis of his 2009 book, Disappearing Cryptography.

In 2018, he received attention for writing an article about the New York City transit system, advocating for replacing large subway trains with competing fleets of smaller, thinner and more nimble autonomous cars, scooters, hoverboards and pods. The article received widespread criticism.
The Descent from the Cross (Rubens, 1600–1602)
Descent from the Cross is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1600–1602 by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, now in the Siegerlandmuseum in the Oberes Schloss in Siegen. It was his first major commissioned work made for the private chapel of Eleonora de’ Medici Gonzaga (1567–1611), duchess of Mantua. The painting remained somewhat obscure until 2001, when it was discovered by German art historian Justus Müller-Hofstede, a specialist on Rubens' early work.

Siegen
Siegen (German pronunciation: [ˈziːɡn̩] ⓘ) is a city in Germany, in the south Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It is located in the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in the Arnsberg region. The university town (nearly 20,000 students in the 2018–2019 winter semester) is the district seat, and is ranked as a "higher centre" in the South Westphalian urban agglomeration.

In 1975, municipal reforms and amalgamations lifted Siegen's population above the 100,000 mark.
W227BF
W227BF (93.3 FM) is a translator broadcasting Black Information Network programming from the HD2 subcarrier of iHeartMedia's KQQL. Licensed to Shoreview, Minnesota, it serves the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area inside the I-494/I-694 beltway.  The station is owned by iHeartMedia.  All the offices and studios are located in St. Louis Park and the transmitter is atop the IDS Center in downtown Minneapolis.

St. Louis Park, Minnesota
St. Louis Park is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 50,010 at the 2020 census. It is a first-ring suburb immediately west of Minneapolis. Other adjacent cities include Edina, Golden Valley, Minnetonka, Plymouth, and Hopkins.

The Pavek Museum of Broadcasting, which has a major collection of antique radio and television equipment, is also in the city. Items range from radios produced by local manufacturers to the Vitaphone system used to cut discs carrying audio for the first "talkie", The Jazz Singer.
Loysel (surname)
Loysel is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoine Loysel (1536–1617), French jurist

Edward Loysel (1818–1865), engineer and coiner of the term "percolation"

Jean Loysel (1889–1962), French composer and lyricist

Percolation
In physics, chemistry, and materials science, percolation (from Latin  percolare 'to filter, trickle through', first coined in the 1840s by Edward Loysel) refers to the movement and filtering of fluids through porous materials. It is not described by Darcy's law. Broader applications have since been developed that cover connectivity of many systems modeled as lattices or graphs, analogous to connectivity of lattice components in the filtration problem that modulates capacity for percolation.
Jean-Eudes Dubé
Jean-Eudes Dubé PC QC (November 6, 1926 – January 5, 2019) was a Canadian politician.

Dubé first ran for a seat in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal in a 1961 by-election, but was defeated in the New Brunswick riding of Restigouche—Madawaska. He was elected from the same riding in the 1962 general election, and was subsequently re-elected on five occasions. (From 1968 on, he was elected from the riding of Restigouche.)

Following the 1968 election, Dubé joined the Cabinet of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau as Minister of Veterans Affairs. In 1972, he was appointed Minister of Public Works.

Dubé was dropped from Cabinet following the 1974 election, left Parliament the following year, and was named as a judge to the Federal Court of Canada, a position he held until his retirement in 2001.

Dubé died from natural causes on January 5, 2019. He was 92.

Restigouche (federal electoral district)
Restigouche (also known as Restigouche—Chaleur) was a federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917 and from 1968 to 1997.

It was created by the British North America Act 1867. It consisted of the County of Restigouche. It was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into Restigouche—Madawaska riding.

It was re-created in 1966 from Restigouche—Madawaska, consisting of the county of Restigouche and the parish of Beresford in the county of Gloucester. It was renamed "Restigouche—Chaleur" in 1989. The riding was abolished in 1996 when it was merged into Madawaska—Restigouche.
Dhamdhamia railway station
Dhamdhamia railway station is a railway station on the Rampurhat-Sahibganj section under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. The station is situated at Kathalbari, Dhamdhamia in Sahebganj district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Ernst Bessel Hagen
Carl Ernst Bessel Hagen (who published under the name Ernst Hagen; 31 January 1851 – 15 January 1923) was a German applied and experimental physicist. With Heinrich Rubens, he identified the so-called Hagen–Rubens equation (1903).

Applied physics
Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering.
"Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors, such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the technology or science that may be affected by the work. Applied physics is rooted in the fundamental truths and basic concepts of the physical sciences but is concerned with the utilization of scientific principles in practical devices and systems and with the application of physics in other areas of science and high technology.