hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nationalities Papers
Nationalities Papers is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press for the Association for the Study of Nationalities. The editor-in-chief is Harris Mylonas (George Washington University). It publishes articles on nationalism, minorities, and ethnic conflict, with a regional focus on Central and Eastern Europe, the Balkans, the former Soviet Union, Turkey, and Central Asia. The journal is interdisciplinary, with authors from a variety of backgrounds, including history, political science, sociology, anthropology, and literature. Nationalities Papers started in 1972 and currently publishes 6 issues per year.

Central and Eastern Europe
Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term encompassing the countries in Northeast Europe (primarily the Baltics), Central Europe (primarily the Visegrád Group), Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe (primarily the Balkans), usually meaning former communist states from the Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact in Europe, as well as from former Yugoslavia. Scholarly literature often uses the abbreviations CEE or CEEC for this term. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) also uses the term "Central and Eastern European Countries" (CEECs) for a group comprising some of these countries. This term is sometimes used as an alternative to the term "Eastern Europe," for more neutral grouping.
Abby Trott
Abby Trott is an American voice actress. She started out by acting in puppet shows in Japan, before moving to the United States and joining Bang Zoom! Entertainment, where she has worked on numerous anime, animation, and video game series. Some of her major roles include Nezuko Kamado in Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, Momo Ayase in Dandadan, Shizuka Mikazuki in Zom 100: Bucket List of the Dead, Yoh Asakura in the Shaman King remake, Windblade in Transformers: Combiner Wars, and Maya Fey in Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney – Spirit of Justice. She also performed the English version of the main theme of Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.

Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney – Spirit of Justice
Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney – Spirit of Justice is a visual novel adventure video game developed and published by Capcom, and the sixth main entry (and ninth overall installment) in the Ace Attorney series. The game was released for Nintendo 3DS in Japan in June 2016, and in North America and Europe in September that year. Versions for iOS and Android followed a year later in September 2017, and it was released for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in January 2024 as part of the Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney Trilogy compilation.

The game primarily follows Phoenix Wright as he travels to the fictitious Kingdom of Khura'in to see Maya Fey, only to come into conflict with the country's court system, where defense attorneys have been deemed unnecessary and verdicts are decided based on a mystical vision called the "Divination Séance". Meanwhile, Phoenix's subordinates, Apollo Justice and Athena Cykes, take on cases at the Wright Anything Agency in his absence.
Verkhnoshyrokivske
Verkhnoshyrokivske (Ukrainian: Верхньошироківське), formerly Oktiabr (Ukrainian: Октябр), is a village in Kalmiuske Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 116 km SSE from the centre of Donetsk city, at 24 km SW from Novoazovsk.

The settlement was taken under control of pro-Russian forces during the War in Donbas, that started in 2014. On 13 April 2018 the OSCE reported that 2 tanks of the pro-Russian forces had used cover of civilian homes in Verkhnoshyrokivske "endangering residents if tanks were targeted."

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
2015 Brest Challenger
The 2015 Brest Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Brest Arena in Brest, France between 19 and 25 October 2015.

Illya Marchenko
Illya Vasylovych Marchenko (Ukrainian: Ілля Васильович Марченко; born 8 September 1987) is a Ukrainian inactive tennis player. He has a career high in singles of World No. 49 achieved on 26 September 2016 and of No. 268 in doubles achieved on 25 August 2014. On the ATP Tour, Marchenko reached the semifinals of Moscow in 2009, the 2010 St. Petersburg Open and Doha in 2016.

He is noted for his backhand, which he cites as his best shot. His favorite surface is hardcourts.
Abbot of Kilwinning
The Abbot of Kilwinning (later Commendator of Kilwinning) was the head of the Tironensian monastic community and lands of Kilwinning Abbey, Cunningham (now in North Ayrshire), founded between 1162 and 1167. The patron is not known for certain, but it is likely to have been Richard de Morville, Lord of Cunningham. The following are a list of abbots and commendators.

North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath, pronounced [ˈʃirˠəxk aːɾʲ ə ˈt̪ʰuə]) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame, which existed from 1975 to 1996.

Located in the west central Lowlands with the Firth of Clyde to its west, the council area covers the northern portion of the historic county of Ayrshire, in addition to the islands of Arran and The Cumbraes from the historic county of Buteshire. North Ayrshire had an estimated population of 134,010 in 2024. Its largest towns are Irvine and Kilwinning. From 1975 to 1996 under the name Cunninghame it was one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.
Aeroporto Friuli Venezia Giulia (company)
Aeroporto Friuli Venezia Giulia SpA is the operator of the Trieste Airport in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.

The company is a minority owner of Aeroporto Amedeo Duca d'Aosta di Gorizia SCpA, the operator of the airport of Gorizia.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics – Women's downhill
The women's alpine skiing downhill event was part of the alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Monday, February 2; thirty-seven alpine skiers from eleven nations competed.

Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics
At the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, Switzerland, the six alpine skiing events were held on Piz Nair from Monday, 2 February to Thursday, 5 February 1948.

After these games, the giant slalom was added and the combined event was dropped as an Olympic medal event for four decades, until 1988. From 1956 through 1980, the combined continued as an FIS medal event for the concurrent World Championships, using the results from three events, conducted as a "paper race."

Henri Oreiller of France earned a medal in all three events, with two golds and a bronze. Trude Beiser of Austria and Gretchen Fraser of the United States both won two medals, a gold and a silver each.

The first Olympics after World War II did not invite Germany or Japan.
Battle of Argaon
The Battle of Argaon (also known as Battle of Argaum) took place on 29 November 1803, between the British under the command of Major-General Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) and the forces of the Bhonsles of Berar and the Scindias of Gwalior.

House of Scindia
House of Scindia or earlier known as the Sendrak was a Maratha royal house. They claim descent from the mythical Nagas beings, often associated with serpent worship, that ruled the erstwhile Gwalior State in central India. Ranoji Scindia rose as a prominent military commander under Peshwa Bajirao I. Ranoji and his descendants, along with Holkars, played a leading role during the Maratha ascendancy in northern India in the 18th century. The Gwalior State became a princely state during the British Raj in the 19th and the 20th centuries. After India's independence in 1947 and the abolition of princely states, several members of the Scindia Dynasty went on to enter Indian politics.
2018 Brisbane International – Women's singles
Karolína Plíšková was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Elina Svitolina.

Svitolina went on to win the title, defeating Aliaksandra Sasnovich in the final, 6–2, 6–1.

Garbiñe Muguruza was in contention for the WTA No. 1 singles ranking at the start of the tournament, but she retired during her opening second round match. As such, Simona Halep retained the No. 1 ranking. Of note, it was the fourth consecutive edition of the tournament that Muguruza had to retire or withdraw from due to injury.

Karolína Plíšková
Karolína Plíšková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkaroliːna ˈpliːʃkovaː]; born 21 March 1992) is a Czech professional tennis player. She has been ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the WTA, and at world No. 11 in doubles. She is a two-time Grand Slam finalist at the 2016 US Open and at 2021 Wimbledon. Plíšková has won 17 singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour,

As a junior, Plíšková won the 2010 Australian Open girls' singles title. Playing for the Czech Republic in Billie Jean King Cup competition, she has scored a win-loss record of 15–8 (as of September 2024). She is known for her powerful serve and forehand.
Tage Ekfeldt
Tage Henning Ekfeldt (14 June 1926 – 28 December 2005) was a Swedish sprinter who won a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 m relay at the 1950 European Athletics Championships, together with Gösta Brännström, Rune Larsson and Lars-Erik Wolfbrandt. They failed to reach the final at the 1952 Summer Olympics, and finished fourth at the 1954 European Athletics Championships. Ekfeldt won the national titles in the 400 m (1952),  800 m (1952 and 1953) and 4 × 400 m (1952 and 1953). In 1953 he set a new national record in the 800 m.

1950 European Athletics Championships
The 4th European Athletics Championships were held from 23 August to 27 August 1950 in the Heysel Stadium of the Belgian capital Brussels.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.
1877 Huntingdonshire by-election
The 1877 Huntingdonshire by-election was fought on 29 June 1877.  The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent Conservative MP, Henry Carstairs Pelly.  It was won by the Conservative candidate Viscount Mandeville.

Duke of Manchester
Duke of Manchester is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the current senior title of the House of Montagu. It was created in 1719 for the politician Charles Montagu, 4th Earl of Manchester. Manchester Parish in Jamaica was named after the 5th Duke, while its capital Mandeville was named after his son and heir. The current Duke is Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester, a controversial British and Australian citizen who lives in the United States and has served several prison sentences. He succeeded to the peerage in 2002 following the death of his father Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester, the last of the dukes to hold a seat in the House of Lords.
Doctor Radio
Doctor Radio is a Sirius XM Radio station which broadcasts health & medical information programmed by the NYU Langone Medical Center.  The channel is located on channel 110 on both the XM Satellite Radio service and on the Sirius Satellite Radio service.  This channel started officially on 2008-06-02 Sirius.  The channel was added to XM on 2008-11-12 as part of the merger of channel lineups of Sirius & XM.

In March 2020, Doctor Radio added a temporary extension of their service on Sirius XM channel 121 (the vacated slot for Sirius XM Insight), specifically dealing with information, news, and listener questions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, which was made available for free to non-subscribers with inactive radios and streaming.

NYU Langone Health
NYU Langone Health is an integrated academic health system located in New York City, New York, United States. The health system consists of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine and NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, both part of New York University (NYU), and more than 320 locations throughout the New York City Region and in Florida, including seven inpatient facilities: Tisch Hospital; Kimmel Pavilion; NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital; NYU Langone Hospital — Brooklyn; NYU Langone Hospital — Long Island; and NYU Langone Hospital — Suffolk. It is also home to Rusk Rehabilitation. NYU Langone Health is one of the largest healthcare systems in the Northeast, with more than 53,000 employees.

In 2025, NYU Langone Health’s revenue was more than $15.4 billion, including more than $5.5 billion in philanthropy since 2007.
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is an academic publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University. It is a member of the Association of University Presses. Its director since 2017 is George Andreou.

The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts, near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018.

Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty.

The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009.

Helen Vendler
Helen Vendler (née Hennessy; April 30, 1933 – April 23, 2024) was an American academic, writer and literary critic. She was a professor of English language and history at Boston University, Cornell, Harvard, and other universities.

Her academic focus was critical analysis of poetry and she studied poets from Shakespeare and George Herbert to modern poets such as Wallace Stevens and Seamus Heaney. Her technique was close reading, which she described as "reading from the point of view of a writer".

Vendler reviewed poetry regularly for periodicals including The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. She was also a regular judge for the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize and so was influential in determining writers' reputation and success.
Cape Egmont Lighthouse
Cape Egmont Lighthouse is a lighthouse at Cape Egmont in the Taranaki Region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is owned and operated by Maritime New Zealand.  The light was manufactured by Simpson & Co., Pimlico, London, in 1864 and erected on Mana Island to the north west of Porirua in 1865, but it was sometimes confused with the Pencarrow Head light at the entrance to Wellington Harbour and in 1877 the light was dismantled and moved to Cape Egmont.

The light was demanned and fully automated in 1986.

Taranaki
Taranaki is a region in the west of New Zealand's North Island. It is named after its main geographical feature, the stratovolcano Mount Taranaki.

The main centre is the city of New Plymouth. The New Plymouth District is one of three in the region and is home to more than 65 per cent of the population of Taranaki. The Stratford District includes the main centres of Stratford, Midhirst, Toko and Whangamōmona. The South Taranaki District includes Hāwera, Manaia, Eltham, and Ōpunake.

Since 2005, Taranaki has used the promotional brand "Like no other".
Élisabeth Schmidt
Élisabeth Schmidt (1908–1986) was a French protestant pastor. She was the first woman to enter the priesthood of the Reformed Church of France when the parish of Sète requested her ordination in 1949. She is also remembered for her pioneering parochial work in Blida, Algeria, from 1958 to 1962.

Reformed Church of France
The Reformed Church of France (French: Église réformée de France, ERF) was the main Protestant denomination in France with a Calvinist orientation that could be traced back directly to John Calvin. In 2013, the Church merged with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in France to form the United Protestant Church of France.

The church was a member of the Protestant Federation of France (Fédération protestante de France), the World Communion of Reformed Churches and the World Council of Churches.

The church had approximately 300,000 members at the time of merger, distributed in a somewhat unequal fashion throughout French metropolitan territory, with the exception of Alsace-Moselle and the Pays de Montbéliard, as the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine brings together most of the local Calvinists there. The church consists of 400 parishes, organised in 50 presbyteries (consistoires) and eight administrative regions.
For Love or Money (1993 film)
For Love or Money (also released as The Concierge) is a 1993 American romantic comedy film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld and starring Michael J. Fox and Gabrielle Anwar.

In the film, a concierge has invested his savings into obtaining his own hotel, but needs additional financing to begin development. He receives financial assistance from a wealthy friend, in exchange of taking care of the friend's neglected mistress. The concierge was already attracted to the woman before making this deal, and he starts developing genuine feelings from her. Meanwhile, he finds out that his wealthy friend is planning to betray him and to take over the ownership of the hotel.

Barry Sonnenfeld
Barry Sonnenfeld  (born April 1, 1953) is an American filmmaker and television director. He originally worked as a cinematographer for the Coen brothers before directing films such as The Addams Family (1991) and its sequel Addams Family Values (1993), the Men in Black trilogy (1997–2012),Wild Wild West (1999), and RV (2006).
WOAI-TV
WOAI-TV (channel 4) is a television station in San Antonio, Texas, United States, affiliated with NBC and The CW. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group alongside Fox affiliate KABB (channel 29); Sinclair also provides certain services to Kerrville-licensed KMYS (channel 35) under joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Deerfield Media. The three stations share studios between Babcock Road and Sovereign Drive (off Loop 410) in northwest San Antonio, with administrative offices in an adjacent building west across its parking lot; WOAI-TV's transmitter is located in northwest Wilson County (near Elmendorf).

Kerrville, Texas
Kerrville is a city in and the county seat of Kerr County, Texas, United States.  The population of Kerrville was 24,278 at the 2020 census. Kerrville is named after James Kerr, a major in the Texas Revolution, and friend of settler-founder Joshua Brown, who settled in the area to start a shingle-making camp.

Being nestled in the hills of the Texas Hill Country, Kerrville is best known for its parks that line the Guadalupe River, which runs directly through the city; other features include its nearby youth summer camps, hunting ranches, and RV parks. It is home to the Texas' Official State Arts & Crafts Fair, the Kerrville Folk Festival, the Kerrville Triathlon (since 2011), and the Kerrville Renaissance Festival (since 2017), as well as Mooney Aviation Company, James Avery Jewelry, and Schreiner University. The Museum of Western Art (founded 1983) features the work of living artists specializing in the themes of the American West.
Administrative law in China
Administrative law in the People's Republic of China was virtually non-existent before the reform and opening up era. Since the 1980s, the People's Republic of China has constructed a new legal framework for administrative law, establishing control mechanisms for overseeing the bureaucracy and disciplinary committees for the Chinese Communist Party. However, many have argued that the usefulness of these laws is vastly inferior in terms of controlling government actions, largely because of institutional and systemic obstacles like a weak judiciary, poorly trained judges and lawyers, and corruption.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
John Rock (nurseryman)
John Rock (August 19, 1838 – August 9, 1904) was a German-born American horticulturalist and nurseryman. John Rock was a leader in California in pomology and the nursery business from 1865 until his death in 1904. Charles Howard Shinn wrote the entry for John Rock in L.H. Bailey's Cyclopedia of Horticulture He said "John Rock's scientific spirit, his wide and ever-increasing knowledge, his very high standards of business and his unselfishness made him during his long life the leader of Pacific coast nurserymen. He introduced more valuable plants and varieties to American horticulture than any other man of his period. His connection with Japan, India, Australia and with the great establishments abroad was close and constant. He did much to encourage men like Luther Burbank, and his collections were always at the service of students and the public."

Pomology
Pomology (from Latin pomum, "fruit", + -logy, "study") is a branch of botany that studies fruits and their cultivation. Someone who researches and practices the science of pomology is called a pomologist.

Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation, and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production costs.

The term fruticulture (from Latin fructus, "fruit", + cultura, "care") is also used to describe the agricultural practice of growing fruits in orchards. It is applied horticulture of growing, managing, and producing fruit crops.

It focuses on:

Orchard establishment and layout

Pruning, training, and canopy management

Irrigation and fertilization

Pest and disease control

Harvesting and orchard management practices