hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Agnes Smidt
Agnes Smidt (1874–1952) was a Danish painter who is also remembered for supporting Danish culture in Southern Jutland while it was under German rule. Brought up in a Grundtvigian family, in 1915 she adopted five orphaned children and through her many contacts was able to provide support for many others. In February 2020, Ribe Kunstmuseum exhibited 60 of her works which included many portraits not only of friends and family but of influential figures of her times.

N. F. S. Grundtvig
Nikolaj Frederik Severin Grundtvig (Danish: [ˈne̝kolɑjˀ ˈfʁeðˀʁek ˈse̝vəʁiˀn ˈkʁɔntvi, - ˈfʁæðˀʁæk -]; 8 September 1783 – 2 September 1872), most often referred to as N. F. S. Grundtvig, was a Danish pastor, author, poet, philosopher, historian, teacher and politician. He was one of the most influential people in Danish history, as his philosophy gave rise to a new form of nationalism in the last half of the 19th century. It was steeped in the national literature and supported by deep spirituality.

Grundtvig holds a unique position in the cultural history of his country. Grundtvig and his followers are credited with being very influential in the formulation of modern Danish national consciousness. He was active during the Danish Golden Age, but his style of writing and fields of reference are not immediately accessible to a foreigner, thus his international importance does not match that of his contemporaries Hans Christian Andersen and Søren Kierkegaard.
The Row (Lyme, New York)
The Row is a set of historic homes located at Lyme in Jefferson County, New York. It consists of three contiguous mid-19th century vernacular Greek Revival style houses and their associated outbuildings.  The houses were built between about 1845 and 1850 and each is of heavy wood-frame construction on a coursed rubble limestone foundation.  The outbuildings are two privies and a carriage barn.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Jefferson County, New York
Jefferson County is a county on the northern border of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,721. Its county seat is Watertown. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States of America. It is adjacent to Lake Ontario, southeast from the Canada–US border of Ontario. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Jefferson County comprises the Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The popularity of the area as a summer tourist destination results in a dramatic increase of population during that season.

In 2014, it elected Colleen M. O'Neill as the first woman county sheriff in the state. She had served with the New York State Police for 32 years.

The United States Army's 10th Mountain Division is based at Fort Drum. The base had a total population of nearly 13,000 according to the 2010 census.
Louis W. Staudenmaier
Louis William Staudenmaier (September 21, 1906 – October 12, 1980) was an American lawyer, businessman, and politician.

Born in Wathena, Kansas, Staudenmaier moved to Wisconsin in 1921 and went to Lourdes High School in Marinette, Wisconsin. He received his bachelor's degree from Marquette University and his law degree from  Marquette Law School in 1933. He practiced law in Marinette, Wisconsin and was involved with the Stevenson National Bank and Trust in Marinette. From 1934 to 1936, Staudenmaier served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Democrat. Staudenmaier died at his home in Marinette, Wisconsin.

Marinette, Wisconsin
Marinette is a city in Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 11,119 at the 2020 census. It is located on the south bank of the Menominee River at its mouth on Green Bay, part of Lake Michigan; to the north is Stephenson Island, part of the city preserved as a park.

Menominee, Michigan, is across the Menominee River to the north, and the cities are connected by three bridges. Menominee and Marinette are sometimes described as the "twin cities" of the Menominee River. Marinette is the principal city of the Marinette micropolitan area, which includes parts of Wisconsin and Michigan. During the lumbering boom of the late 19th century, Marinette became the tenth-largest city in Wisconsin, reaching a peak population of 16,195 in 1900.
Carolina Commando
Carolina Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army for the district of Carolina, South Africa. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

Light infantry
Light infantry refers to certain types of lightly equipped infantry throughout history. They have a more mobile or fluid function than other types of infantry, such as heavy infantry or line infantry. Historically, light infantry often fought as scouts, raiders, and skirmishers. These are loose formations that fight ahead of the main army to harass, delay, disrupt supply lines, engage the enemy's own skirmishing forces, and generally "soften up" an enemy before the main battle. Light infantrymen were also often responsible for screening the main body of a military formation.

Following World War II, the term "light infantry" has evolved to include rapid-deployment units (including commando and airborne units) that emphasize speed and mobility over armor and firepower. Some units or battalions that historically held a skirmishing role retain their designation "light infantry" for the sake of tradition.
Meyrin railway station
Meyrin railway station (French: Gare de Meyrin), formerly known as Vernier-Meyrin, is a railway station in the municipality of Meyrin, in the Swiss canton of Geneva. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Lyon–Geneva line of Swiss Federal Railways.

Léman Express
The Léman Express is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network for the transborder agglomeration of Grand Genève (Greater Geneva) in west Switzerland and the French Alps (Haute-Savoie and Ain). Seven lines serve Swiss and French towns along 230 kilometres (140 mi) of railway.

At the heart of the Léman Express system is the CEVA (Cornavin‒Eaux-Vives‒Annemasse) rail project linking Eaux-Vives station with Cornavin station in Geneva. This line, largely underground, was opened on 15 December 2019. The Léman Express marked the start of direct services from Genève-Cornavin station to the French cities of Évian, Thonon, Annemasse and Annecy as well as the population of the Arve Valley up to Saint-Gervais-les-Bains.
Heinrich von Ofterdingen
Heinrich von Ofterdingen was a Middle High German lyric poet and Minnesinger mentioned in the 13th-century epic of the Sängerkrieg (minstrel contest) on the Wartburg. The legend was revived by Novalis in his eponymous fragmentary novel written in 1800 and by E. T. A. Hoffmann in his 1818 novella Der Kampf der Sänger.

Minnesang
Minnesang (German: [ˈmɪnəzaŋ] ⓘ; "Love song") was a tradition of German lyric- and song-writing that flourished in the Middle High German period (12th to 14th centuries). The name derives from minne, the Middle High German word for love, as that was Minnesang's main subject. People who wrote and performed Minnesang were known as Minnesänger (German: [ˈmɪnəˌzɛŋɐ] ⓘ), and a single song was called a Minnelied (German: [ˈmɪnəˌliːt] ⓘ). The Minnesänger are comparable to the Occitan troubadours and northern French trouvères, but they are "an original German contribution to courtly lyric."
Steneosaurus
Steneosaurus (from Greek: στενός stenós, 'narrow' and Greek: σαῦρος saûros, 'lizard') is a dubious genus of teleosaurid crocodyliform from the Middle or Late Jurassic (Callovian or early Oxfordian) of France and possibly also India. The genus has been used as a wastebasket taxon for thalattosuchian fossils for over two centuries, and almost all known historical species of teleosauroid have been included within it at one point. The genus has remained a wastebasket, with numerous species still included under the label 'Steneosaurus', many of which are unrelated to each other (either paraphyletic or polyphyletic with respect to each other and other genera of teleosauroids).

Callovian
In the geologic timescale, the Callovian is an age and stage in the Middle Jurassic, lasting between 165.3 ± 1.1 Ma (million years ago) and 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma. It is the last stage of the Middle Jurassic, following the Bathonian and preceding the Oxfordian.
Demby
Demby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Joe Demby (born 1934), Sierra Leonean politician and Vice President

Constance Demby (1939–2021), US musician, composer, artist

Edward Thomas Demby (1869–1957), US author and religious figure

Jack Demby (1888–1963), one of the names used by Austrian football athlete

Jamil Demby (born 1996), American football player

William Demby (1922–2013), American writer

William Demby
William Demby (December 25, 1922 – May 23, 2013) was an African-American writer, whose works include Beetlecreek (1950), The Catacombs (1965), Love Story Black (1978) and King Comus (published posthumously in November 2017).
Islamic Front for the Liberation of the Oromo
The Islamic Front for Liberation of the Oromo (abbreviated IFLO) was an Oromo-based political and paramilitary organization founded in 1985 by its Commander in Chief, Sheikh Abdulkarim Ibrahim Hamid, otherwise known as Jaarraa Abbaa Gadaa. The goal of the movement was to form an Islamic state in eastern Oromia and it clashed with the Ethiopian government but also other secular Oromo nationalist groups such as the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF).

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Georgy Beriev
Georgy Mikhailovich Beriev (Beriashvili) (Russian: Георгий Михайлович Бериев Georgij Michajlovič Beriev; Georgian: გიორგი მიხეილის ძე ბერიაშვილი Giorgi Mikheilis Dze Beriashvili; 13 February 1903 – 12 July 1979), was a Soviet Georgian major general, founder and chief designer of the Beriev Design Bureau in Taganrog, which concentrated on amphibious aircraft.

Amphibious aircraft
An amphibious aircraft, or amphibian, is an aircraft that can take off and land on both solid ground and water. These aircraft are typically fixed-wing, though amphibious helicopters do exist as well. Fixed-wing amphibious aircraft are seaplanes (flying boats and floatplanes) which are equipped with retractable wheels, at the expense of extra weight and complexity, plus diminished range and fuel economy compared with planes designed specifically for land-only or water-only operation.
Waiting for Gillian
Waiting for Gillian is a 1954 play by the English writer Ronald Millar. It is based on the 1951 novel A Way Through the Wood by Nigel Balchin.

It was first staged at the Manchester Opera House before transferring to St James's Theatre in London's West End where it ran for 101 performances. The cast included John McCallum, Googie Withers, Frank Lawton and Norman Pierce.

The play was staged by the Edinburgh Gateway Company in the autumn of 1955.

Manchester Opera House
The Opera House in Quay Street, Manchester, England, is a 1,920-seater commercial touring theatre that plays host to touring musicals, ballet, concerts and a Christmas pantomime. It is a Grade II listed building and one of the main theatres in Manchester. The Opera House and its sister theatre the Palace Theatre on Oxford Street are operated by the same parent company, Ambassador Theatre Group.
Thomas Tollemache
Lieutenant-General Thomas Tollemache (c. 1651 – 12 June 1694) was an English Army officer and politician. Beginning his military career in 1673, in 1686 he resigned his commission in protest at the commissioning of Catholic officers into the Army by James II of England. A supporter of military intervention by the Protestant William of Orange against James II, in early 1688 he joined a regiment of the Anglo-Scots Brigade, a mercenary unit in the Dutch States Army.

In November 1688, he accompanied William to England in the Glorious Revolution and shortly afterwards became colonel of the Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards and MP for Malmesbury. He fought in Flanders and Ireland during the Nine Years' War, as well as being appointed Governor of Portsmouth in 1690 and elected for Chippenham in 1692. In 1694, he was badly wounded at the Battle of Camaret; he died of his injuries on 12 June and was buried in St Mary's Church, Helmingham.

Dutch States Army
The Dutch States Army (Dutch: Staatse leger) was the army of the Dutch Republic. It was usually called this, because it was formally the army of the States-General of the Netherlands, the sovereign power of that federal republic. This army was brought to such a size and state of readiness that it was able to hold its own against the armies of the major European powers of the extended 17th century, Habsburg Spain and the France of Louis XIV, despite the fact that these powers possessed far larger military resources than the Republic. It played a major role in the Eighty Years' War (opposite the Spanish Army of Flanders) and in the wars of the Grand Alliance with France after 1672.
Gabryszak
Gabryszak is a surname of Polish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Dennis Gabryszak (born 1951), American politician

Elżbieta Gabryszak (born 1998), Polish figure skater

Kimber Gabryszak (born 1980), American skeleton racer

Kimber Gabryszak
Kimber Gabryszak (born September 2, 1980) is an American skeleton racer who has competed since 2005.  Her best Skeleton World Cup finish was 7th in St Moritz, Switzerland, January, 2012. Her best World Championship finish was 16th at the Königssee, Germany 2011 FIBT World Championships. Kimber was 3rd at US National Championships.

A native of Alaska, Gabryszak currently resides in Park City, Utah.
Denison House (Helena-West Helena, Arkansas)
The Denison House is a historic house at 427 Garland Avenue in West Helena, Arkansas.  It is a single-story brick structure with a broad and shallow hip roof with wide hip-roof dormers, built in 1910 by J. W. Denison, West Helena's first mayor.  It has a wraparound porch supported by Tuscan columns.  It is one of West Helena's finest Colonial Revival houses.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

West Helena, Arkansas
West Helena is the western portion of Helena-West Helena, Arkansas, a city in Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, this portion of the city population was 8,689.

Historically, West Helena and its sister city Helena, located on the Mississippi River, have been two of the focal points in the history of the development of the blues. The cities consolidated on January 1, 2006. Helena is the birthplace of Arkansas' former senior United States senator, Blanche Lincoln.
Machias, Maine
Machias /məˈtʃaɪ.əs/ is a town in and the county seat of Washington County in Down East Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 2,060. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. It is home to the University of Maine at Machias and Machias Valley Airport, a small public airport owned by the town. The word Machias roughly translates in Passamaquoddy as "bad little falls", a reference to the Machias River. Machias was the site of the first naval battle of the American Revolution.

Passamaquoddy
The Passamaquoddy (Passamaquoddy: Peskotomuhkati, Plural: Peskotomuhkatiyik) are a Native American/First Nations people who live in northeastern North America. Their traditional homeland, Peskotomuhkatikuk, straddles the Canadian province of New Brunswick and the U.S. state of Maine in a region called Dawnland. They are one of the constituent nations of the Wabanaki Confederacy.

The Passamaquoddy Tribe in Maine is a federally recognized tribe. The Passamaquoddy people in Canada have an organization known as the Peskotomuhkati Nation, but it does not have official First Nations status.
Bernardino da Balbano
Bernardino da Balbano (active 1543–1558) was a Capuchin friar from Balvano in Southern Italy who served as provincial superior in Apulia and Basilicata, and as guardian of the convent in Potenza.

He was reputed as a preacher, and was active in combatting the teachings of the Waldensians, which had received new impetus from the Protestant Reformation. After he had preached in Messina in 1552, the archbishop, Cardinal Giovanni Andrea Mercurio, sought papal intervention to have him return in 1554.

Although some biographers date his death to 1558, he probably died in 1570.

From around 1600, his writings were being promoted north of the Alps by the Capuchin community in Paris.

Balvano
Balvano (Lucano: Balvàne) is a city and commune in the province of Potenza (Basilicata, southern Italy).

The recent history of Balvano is connected to several catastrophes. In 1944, a steam train stalled in a nearby railway tunnel, suffocating over 500 people. It was also one of the towns nearly destroyed by the 1980 Irpinia earthquake.
2022 AFL Women's season 6 Rising Star
The 2022 AFL Women's season 6 Rising Star award was presented to the player adjudged the best young player during 2022 AFL Women's season 6. Mimi Hill of the Carlton Football Club won the award with 43 votes.

Mimi Hill
Mimi Hill (born 4 October 2002) is an Australian rules footballer playing for Carlton in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She was drafted with the twelfth selection in the 2020 AFL Women's draft by the Carlton.

In Season 6, Hill won the Rising Star award and in Season 7 she was the Club’s Best and Fairest winner. In 2023 Mimi Hill was elected Co-Vice Captain and continues to be Vice Captain in 2025 alongside fellow midfielder and Carlton Captain Abbie McKay.
MYO10
Myosin X, also known as MYO10, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO10 gene.

Myo10 is an actin-based motor protein that can localize to the tips of the finger-like cellular protrusions known as filopodia. Myo10 is broadly expressed in mammalian tissues, although at relatively low levels. Studies with knockout mice demonstrate that Myo10 has important functions in embryonic processes such as neural tube closure and eye development. Myo10 also has important functions in cancer invasion and growth.

Myo10 should not be confused with Myh10, which encodes the heavy chain of the class II myosin known as non-muscle myosin 2b.

Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (the 28th day after conception).
Democratic People's Federation
Democratic People's Federation (Spanish: Federación Popular Democrática, FPD) was a Christian Democratic political organization created in 1975 by José María Gil-Robles, heir of the Christian Social Democracy of José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones.

The federation was composed of the Democratic People's Federation, Basque Christian Democracy, Democratic Party of Andalusia, Castilla Democratic People's Party and the Western People's Association. It held its first and only Congress on 29 and 30 January 1977.

It formed, along with Democratic Left of Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez, the Federation of Christian Democracy on March 27, 1977, which was part of the Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State. In the 1977 general elections, where it only obtained 1.18% of the votes, so soon after both were dissolved.

José María Gil-Robles
José María Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado (17 June 1935 – 13 February 2023) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament in the European People's Party group, and was President of the European Parliament from 1997 to 1999.
Overseas Chinese Town Limited
Shenzhen Overseas Chinese Town Company Limited known as OCT Limited (formerly OCT Holding) is a publicly traded company based in Shenzhen, China. It is a subsidiary of state-owned Overseas Chinese Town Enterprises (or OCT Group).

OCT Limited was incorporated in 1997.

OCT Limited was ranked 1,164th in 2016 Forbes Global 2000 List. OCT Limited is a constituent of SZSE 100 Index (blue chip index) and pan-China index CSI 300 Index.

CSI 300 Index
The CSI 300 (Chinese: 沪深300; pinyin: Hù Shēn Sānbǎi) is a capitalization-weighted stock market index designed to replicate the performance of the top 300 stocks traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. It has two sub-indexes: the CSI 100 Index and the CSI 200 Index. Over the years, it has been deemed the Chinese counterpart of the S&P 500 index and a better gauge of the Chinese stock market than the more traditional SSE Composite Index.

The index is compiled by the China Securities Index Company, Ltd.

It has been calculated since April 8, 2005. Its value is normalized relative to a base of 1000 on December 31, 2004.

It is considered to be a blue chip index for Mainland China stock exchanges.
Ramadan in the United States
Muslims in the United States observe the holy month of Ramadan. As Muslims make up just over 1% of the country's population, celebrations tend to center on mosques and Islamic centers.

Islam, and by extension Ramadan, were largely introduced to the U.S. and initially practiced by enslaved African Americans. Thus, from the late 19th through much of the 20th century, Ramadan celebrations in the United States were intertwined with African-American culture and traditions.

Although Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr, the end of the month, are not federal holidays, national and state institutions may offer accommodations to those observing the holiday. Increasingly, some school districts in the United States have recognized Eid al-Fitr as a holiday and given students the day off.

Federal holidays in the United States
Federal holidays in the United States are 11 calendar dates designated by the U.S. federal government as holidays. On these days non-essential U.S. federal government offices are closed and federal employees are paid for the day off.

Federal holidays are designated by the United States Congress in Title V of the United States Code (5 U.S.C. § 6103). Congress only has authority to create holidays for federal institutions (including federally-owned properties), employees, and the District of Columbia. As a general rule of courtesy, custom, and sometimes regulation, other institutions, such as banks, businesses, schools, and the financial markets, may be closed on federal holidays. In various parts of the country, state and city holidays may be observed concurrently with federal holidays.
Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug
Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug (5 May 1775, in Berlin – 3 February 1856, in Berlin), was a German entomologist.
He described the butterflies and some other insects of Upper Egypt and Arabia in Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg and Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich's Symbolæ Physicæ (1829 in Berlin – 1845). He was professor of medicine and entomology  in the University of Berlin (known in the present day as the Humboldt University of Berlin) where he curated the insect collections from 1810 to 1856. At the same time he directed the Botanic Garden in Berlin which contains his collections. Klug worked mainly on Hymenoptera and Coleoptera. The plant genus Klugia (now called Rhynchoglossum, Family Gesneriaceae) was named in his honour as well as the butterflies Geitoneura klugii and Heliophisma klugii.

In 1855, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.