hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilhelm Ostwald
Wilhelm Friedrich Ostwald (German: [ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈɔstˌvalt] ⓘ; 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1853 – 4 April 1932) was a Baltic German chemist and philosopher.  Ostwald is credited with being one of the founders of the field of physical chemistry, with Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Walther Nernst and Svante Arrhenius.
He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 for his scientific contributions to the fields of catalysis, chemical equilibria and reaction velocities.

Following his 1906 retirement from academic life, Ostwald became much involved in philosophy, art, and politics. He made significant contributions to each of these fields. He has been described as a polymath.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
The Telltale Moozadell
"The Telltale Moozadell" is the 35th episode of the American crime drama The Sopranos and the ninth of the show's third season. It was written by Michael Imperioli and directed by Dan Attias. It originally aired in the U.S. on April 22, 2001, on HBO.

Nine years after its debut, interest in this episode increased due to online views of a scene including pop singer Lady Gaga, then credited as Stefani Germanotta.

Dan Attias
Daniel Attias (born December 4, 1951) is an American television director and producer. He is also director of his only feature film Silver Bullet from 1985, based on the novella by Stephen King. Attias' career has spanned five decades, during which he has directed a significant number of popular primetime television programs, including Miami Vice and Beverly Hills, 90210. He frequently works on series for HBO and has directed episodes of The Sopranos, The Wire, Six Feet Under, True Blood, Entourage and Deadwood. Attias has received two Emmy Award nominations for his directing of Entourage.

He was a regular director for the espionage drama Alias. He has also directed two episodes of Lost.
Godedzor
Godedzor is a prehistorical archaeological site located about 1.5 kilometres west of the village of Angeghakot in the Syunik Province of Armenia. The settlement of Nerkin Godedzor is in the Vorotan river gorge, at the altitude of 1,800 meters. Some petroglyphs are also found close by.

This was a seasonal occupation site used by pastoralists, as this area is covered by snow during the winter. There are some indications that the occupation here started already in the last quarter of the 5th millennium BC but, according to radiocarbon dates, the main activities took place during the time frame between 3650 and 3350 cal. BC.

Around 15 km east of Godedzor, near Sisian, is located a prehistoric archaeological site of Carahunge known as the 'Armenian Stonehenge'. It was discovered in 1994, and the age of these megalithic monuments may go back to the Bronze Age or earlier.

Sisian
Sisian (Armenian: Սիսիան [sisˈjɑn]) is a town and the centre of the Sisian Municipality of the Syunik Province in southern Armenia. It is located on both banks of the Vorotan River, at an altitude of 1600 m above sea level, 6 km south of the Yerevan-Meghri highway, at a road distance of 217 km southeast of the capital Yerevan, and 115 km north of the provincial capital Kapan.

As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 13,179.
MSRA
MSRA may stand for:

Macrophage scavenger receptor class A, a receptor found in macrophages

Mid-States Rodeo Association,

Michigan Shipwreck Research Associates

Peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase, an enzyme

MSRA (gene), a family of enzymes

Microsoft Research Asia, Microsoft Research's major lab in China

Microsoft  Remote Assistance, a software application in Microsoft Windows

Peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase
Peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase (EC 1.8.4.11, MsrA, methionine sulphoxide reductase A, methionine S-oxide reductase (S-form oxidizing), methionine sulfoxide reductase A, peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase, formerly protein-methionine-S-oxide reductase) is an enzyme with systematic name peptide-L-methionine:thioredoxin-disulfide S-oxidoreductase (L-methionine (S)-S-oxide-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O  peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin

(2) L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O  L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin

The reaction occurs in the reverse direction.
1997 Copa del Rey de Baloncesto
The 1997 Copa del Rey was the 61st edition of the Spanish basketball Cup. It was organized by the ACB and was played in León in the Palacio de los Deportes between January 31 and February 3, 1997. Joventut Badalona won its seventh title after overcoming 17 points against Cáceres CB, which played its first final.

Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto
The Asociación de Clubes Españoles de Baloncesto (Spanish Basketball Clubs Association), more commonly known as the Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto (ACB), is a national sports association responsible for administering the Liga Endesa, the main professional basketball league in Spain. The organisation was founded in 1982.
Shergold (surname)
Shergold is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Shergold, British film and television director

Bevis Shergold, née Bevis Reid (1919–1997), British track and field athlete

Billy Shergold, Welsh footballer

Craig Shergold (born 1979), British cancer patient who received 350 million greeting cards, a world record

Peter Shergold (born 1946), Australian academic

Wilf Shergold (born 1943), English footballer

Craig Shergold
Craig Shergold (24 June 1979 – 21 April 2020) was a British cancer patient who received an estimated 350 million greeting cards, earning him a place in the Guinness Book of World Records. Variations of the plea for greeting cards on his behalf in 1989 are still being distributed through the Internet, making the plea one of the most persistent urban legends.
2024–25 UC San Diego Tritons women's basketball team
The 2024–25 UC San Diego Tritons women's basketball team represented the University of California, San Diego during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Tritons, led by 13th-year head coach Heidi VanDerveer, played their home games at LionTree Arena in La Jolla, California, as members of the Big West Conference.

This is the first year the team will be eligible for the NCAA tournament, as UC San Diego has officially completed their four-year mandatory transition to Division I sports.

RIMAC
The Recreation, Intramural, and Athletic Complex (RIMAC /ˈriːmæk/ REE-mak) is a sports complex in San Diego, California, located on the campus of the University of California, San Diego. Opened in 1995, the complex comprises various athletic facilities in the northwest area of the campus.

LionTree Arena is the home of the UC San Diego Tritons men's and women's basketball, men's and women's volleyball, and men's and women's fencing teams. Triton Soccer Stadium is the home of the men's and women's soccer teams.

The Tritons compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Big West Conference (BWC) for basketball, volleyball, and soccer, and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF) for fencing.
Robert Tijdeman
Robert Tijdeman (born 30 July 1943 in Oostzaan, North Holland) is a Dutch mathematician. Specializing in number theory, he is best known for his Tijdeman's theorem. He is a professor of mathematics at the Leiden University since 1975, and was chairman of the department of mathematics and computer science at Leiden from 1991 to 1993. He was also president of the Royal Dutch Mathematical Society from 1984 to 1986.

Tijdeman received his PhD in 1969 from the University of Amsterdam, and received an honorary doctorate from Kossuth Lajos University in 1999. In 1987 he was elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

University of Debrecen
The University of Debrecen (Hungarian: Debreceni Egyetem [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛni ˈɛɟɛtɛm]) is a university located in Debrecen, Hungary. It is the oldest continuously operating institution of higher education in Hungary  ever since its establishment in 1538. The university has a well established programme in the English language for international students, particularly in the Medical and Engineering field, which first established education in English in 1886. There are nearly 6000 international students studying at the university.

Until 2014 technical Academy Awards (Oscars) have been awarded to five former students.

The university also operates an associated Basic Medicine campus in Geochang County, South Korea.
Wecker (surname)
Wecker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Wecker (born 1970), German Olympic gymnast

David Wecker, American radio host and newspaper columnist

Georg Caspar Wecker (c. 1632–1695), German Baroque organist and composer

Helene Wecker (born 1975), American writer, Mythopoeic Award-winner for historical fantasy

Johannes Jacob Wecker (1528–1586), Swiss physician

Kendra Wecker (born 1982), American basketball player

Konstantin Wecker (born 1947), German singer and songwriter

Louis de Wecker (1832–1906), French ophthalmologist

William Booth Wecker (1892–1969), American entertainer, showman, and army veteran

Johannes Jacob Wecker
Johannes Jacob Wecker (1528–1586) was a Swiss physician and philosopher.

He worked as a doctor from 1566 and wrote a number of works about medicine, some of which were in both French and Latin. Doubtless fleeing accusations of sorcery, Wecker moved to Basel after having published Les Secrets de Wecker. For a number of years, he worked as a professor of logic at the local university.

He published Antidotarum generale, a work about alchemy. His work is known for the elaborate bibliography on chemistry-alchemy. He also reported the first known case of diphallia.

Wecker married the poet and culinary writer Anna Weckerin. Two years after the death of her husband, she arranged for the publication in Basel of Wecker's Antidotarium Speciale, ex. opt. authorum … scriptis fideliter congestum et amplius triente actum.
Macapagal Boulevard
Macapagal Boulevard, also known as President Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard and Macapagal Avenue, is an eight-lane road in Metro Manila, Philippines, running parallel to Roxas Boulevard from the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex in Pasay to Asia World City in Parañaque. It is named after former Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal. This road has three major bridges, crossing the 'channels', of which the largest is the Libertad Channel, where the Libertad Water Pumping Station is situated. After the intersection reconfiguring around EDSA to relieve traffic, Macapagal Boulevard is now often used to access the SM Mall of Asia to the north and Cavite to the south. It is also the main major road in Metro Manila's reclamation area, Bay City.

City of Dreams Manila
City of Dreams Manila is a 6.2-hectare (15-acre) luxury integrated resort and casino complex located on the Entertainment City gaming strip at Asean Avenue and Roxas Boulevard in Parañaque, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Rhamnocampa
Rhamnocampa is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by John G. Franclemont in 1949. Its only species, Rhamnocampa albistriga, was first described by William Schaus in 1914. It is found in French Guiana.

William Schaus
William Schaus (January 11, 1858, in New York City – June 20, 1942) was an American entomologist who became known for his major contribution to the knowledge and description of new species of the Neotropical Lepidoptera.
Amanda Rylander
Amanda Fredrika Rylander (14 October 1832, Jäder, Södermanland – 15 October 1920, Kvillinge, Östergötland) was a Swedish stage actress. She was a noted actress in Sweden in the late 19th-century.

She was born to the inspector Johan Rylander and the sister of the actresses Ottilia Littmarck and Clara Björlin.

She was active at the Anders Selinder theater company in 1857–59, the Pierre Deland theater in 1859–62, before she was employed at the Swedish Theatre in Helsinki in Finland in 1863.  She was finally to be one of the most well known actors in Gothenburg, where she was active in 1870–90.

Rylander was popular within comedies.  Her most noted roles were Fadette in Syrsan and Opportune in Fregattkaptenen.  Her way of acting was described as warm and jolly.

Södermanland
Södermanland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsø̂ːdɛrmanˌland] or [ˈsø̌ː-] ⓘ), locally Sörmland, sometimes referred to under its Latinized form Sudermannia or Sudermania, is a historical province (or landskap) on the south eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Östergötland, Närke, Västmanland and Uppland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea.

Södermanland means "(The) Land of the Southern Men", where the "southern men" (södermännen) were the people living south of Uppland.
Gabriel Gabrio
Gabriel Gabrio (born Édouard Gabriel Lelièvre; 13 January 1887 – 31 October 1946) was a French stage and film actor whose career began in cinema in the silent film era of the 1920s and spanned more than two decades. Gabrio is possibly best remembered for his roles as Jean Valjean in the 1925 Henri Fescourt-directed adaptation of Victor Hugo's Les Misérables, Cesare Borgia in the 1935 Abel Gance-directed biopic Lucrèce Borgia and as Carlos in the 1937 Julien Duvivier-directed gangster film Pépé le Moko, opposite Jean Gabin.

Jean Valjean
Jean Valjean (French: [ʒɑ̃ val.ʒɑ̃]) is the protagonist of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel Les Misérables. The story depicts the character's struggle to lead a normal life and redeem himself after serving a 19-year-long prison sentence for stealing bread to feed his sister's starving children and attempting to escape from prison. Valjean is also known in the novel as Monsieur Madeleine, Ultime Fauchelevent (once called Tranchelevent by Monsieur Gillenormand), Monsieur Leblanc, and Urbain Fabre.

Jean Valjean and police Inspector Javert, who repeatedly encounters Valjean and attempts to return him to prison, have become archetypes in literary culture.
John McDonald (poet)
John McDonald (19 September 1846 – 1932) was an Irish cultural nationalist poet during the nineteenth century Irish Literary Revival. Known for frequent contributions to weekly and periodical Irish publications, he published a book of poetry in 1886.

Irish Literary Revival
The Irish Literary Revival (also called the Irish Literary Renaissance, sometimes nicknamed the Celtic Twilight though this has a broader meaning) was a flowering of Irish literary talent in the late 19th and early 20th century. It includes works of poetry, music, art, and literature.

One of its foremost figures was W. B. Yeats, considered a driving force of the Revival.

Because of English colonial rule, matters of Gaelic heritage were sometimes viewed in a political context.
Cheap Shots, Youth Anthems
Cheap Shots, Youth Anthems is an album released in 2003 by American punk rock band Kid Dynamite on Jade Tree. The album consists of covers, demos, live tracks and songs previously released on other albums. The cover is a tribute to The Who's album Odds & Sods.

Odds & Sods
Odds & Sods is an album of studio outtakes by the English rock band the Who. It was released by Track Records in the UK on 28 September 1974, and by Track/MCA in the US on 12 October 1974. Ten of the recordings on the original eleven-song album were previously unreleased. The album reached No. 10 on the UK charts and No. 15 in the US.

The recordings were compiled by Who bassist John Entwistle. Two LPs of songs were considered in 1974, but only one LP was released at the time. "It could have been a double album, there was that much material", Entwistle said. It was one of the first examples of artists compiling such unreleased recordings. The Who, as well as many other artists, later released similar albums, such as Who's Missing.
Vera Ferra-Mikura
Vera Ferra-Mikura (February 14, 1923 – March 9, 1997) was an Austrian writer best known for her children's stories.

She was born Vera Ferra in Vienna. After completing her schooling, she worked in her family's bird shop and then in a Vienna department store. During World War II, Ferra-Mikura worked as a stenographer for an architect; after the war, she worked for a publishing house. In 1948, she married Ludwig Mikura. In the same year, she became a freelance writer.

Her stories, inspired by fairy tales, are characterized by magic realism.

In 1951, she received a Förderungspreis of the City of Vienna. She received an award from the International Board on Books for Young People in 1976.

In 1988, she received the Gold award of the Ehrenmedaille der Bundeshauptstadt Wien for youth literature. Ferra-Mikura was also awarded the Theodor Körner Prize.

Ferra-Mikura died in Vienna at the age of 74.

International Board on Books for Young People
The International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) is an international nonprofit organization committed to bringing books and children together. The headquarters of IBBY are located in Basel, Switzerland.
10th meridian west
The meridian 10° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Ireland, Africa, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 10th meridian west forms a great circle with the 170th meridian east.

This longitude is the eastern limit of the Atlântico Brasileiro, Montevideo, Ezeiza and Comodoro Rivadavia flight information regions, as well as the western limit of the Luanda and Johannesburg Oceanic FIRs.

The meridian defines the western limit of the New Swabia area in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica.

New Swabia
New Swabia (Norwegian and German: Neuschwabenland) was an area of Antarctica explored, with the intention to claim it, by Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1939, within the Norwegian territorial claim of Queen Maud Land. The region was named after the expedition's ship, Schwabenland, itself named after the German region of Swabia. Although the name "New Swabia" is occasionally mentioned in historical contexts, it is not an officially recognized cartographic name in modern use. The area is now part of Queen Maud Land, governed under the Antarctic Treaty System.
Miss Venezuela 1983
Miss Venezuela 1983 was 30th Miss Venezuela pageant, was held in Caraballeda, Vargas state, Venezuela, on May 5, 1983, after weeks of events.  The winner of the pageant was Paola Ruggeri, Miss Portuguesa.

The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Macuto Sheraton Hotel in Caraballeda, Vargas state. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, outgoing titleholder Ana Teresa Oropeza, crowned Paola Ruggeri of Portuguesa as the new Miss Venezuela. The pageant telecast was also part of the network preparations for its broadcast of the 1983 Pan American Games in Caracas later in the year, with Joaquin Rivera acting as executive producer of both the opening and closing ceremonies. For this, a special number was done during the pageant promoting the multisport event.

1983 Pan American Games
The 1983 Pan American Games, officially known as the IX Pan American Games (Spanish: IX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Caracas 1983, were held in Caracas, Venezuela from August 14 to August 29, 1983. The games were the first major international competition to include relatively accurate steroid testing.
Pontiac Lake (Michigan)
Pontiac Lake is an all-sports, 640-acre (260 ha) Oakland County, Michigan lake along the Huron River. The lake lies primarily in White Lake Township, while a small portion of the lake lies in Waterford Township.

It is the fifth largest lake in the county.

Pontiac Lake is a public lake with a public boat launch.

The Pontiac Lake Recreation Area is located at the lake.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Petit Rouge
Petit Rouge is a red Italian wine grape variety that ampelographers believe is indigenous to the Valle d'Aosta (French: Vallée d'Aoste) region of northwest Italy. However, there is some confusion about whether Petit Rouge is the same variety as the red Swiss wine grape Rouge de Valais.

The grape is somewhat obscure and is not widely grown outside the Valle d'Aosta where it is primarily a blending variety but some varietal wines are produced. In blends, it adds floral aroma notes and dark color to the wines.

Swiss wine
Swiss wine is produced from nearly 15,000 hectares (37,000 acres) of vineyards, and the wines are mainly produced in the west and in the south of Switzerland, in the cantons of Geneva, Neuchâtel, Ticino, Valais and Vaud. White grape varieties are grown on 43% of the country's vineyard area, and red grape varieties on 57%.

According to the Swiss Federal Office of Agriculture, Swiss wine production in 2019 was just over 979,445 hectolitres (25,874,200 US gal; 21,544,800 imp gal), almost equal amounts red and white.

Nearly all the national production is drunk within the national boundaries; less than 2% of the wine is exported (mainly to Germany). For example, in 2019, only 13,193 hectolitres were exported. Switzerland ranks in the top 10 of per capita consumption of wine, and as of 1983 imported two thirds of it, including more Beaujolais than the United States. In 2019, 1,784,371 hectolitres of wine consumed was imported, compared to 945,585 hectolitres of domestic wine consumed.
Shahina E. K.
Shahina E. K. (born 29 June 1978)  is an Indian contemporary short story writer from Kerala. She is one of the notable writers in  Malayalam literature. She was born in Perinthalmanna, Malappuram district in Kerala. Her stories speak about the common people and the issues related with them. The author’s way of writing is very sharp and powerful.

Translation, novelette, children's literature, poetry etc are her other interested genres and published an anthology of poems, novelette, novel for children etc. Her book, Puthumazha choorulla chumbanangal won Edasseri Award in 2015.

Edasseri Award
Edasseri Award is an Indian literary award given to outstanding literary works produced in Malayalam language. The award was instituted in 1982 by Edasseri Smaraka Samithi in memory of Malayalam poet Edasseri Govindan Nair. Each year a separate branch of literature, like poetry, novel, short-story etc., is considered for the award. A short-list is prepared after a preliminary scrutiny of the manuscripts and/or printed books received for consideration, and a three-member jury decides the work for award out of this short-listed selection.