hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
The minister of personnel, public grievances and pensions (IAST: Kārmik, Lok Śikāyat Aur Peṃśan Mantrī) is the cabinet minister in charge of Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. The position is generally held by the prime minister, but sometimes it has been held by other senior members of the cabinet, such as the minister of home affairs. The minister is generally assisted by a minister of state.

Minister of State
Minister of state is a designation for a government minister, with varying meanings in different jurisdictions. In a number of European countries, the title is given as an honorific conferring a higher rank, often bestowed upon senior ministers. Conversely, in the United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth countries, "minister of state" is a junior rank, subordinate to a minister of higher rank. Finally, in other countries such as Australia, Brazil and Japan, all government ministers hold the title of "minister of state".
Yukaghir Highlands
The Yukaghir Highlands (Russian: Юкагирское нагорье) are a mountainous area in the Sakha Republic and Magadan Oblast, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia.

The area is named after the Yukaghir people.

Far Eastern Federal District
The Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосточный федеральный округ, IPA: [dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is the largest and the least populated federal district of Russia, with a population of around 7.9 million and an area of 6,952,555 square kilometres (2,684,396 square miles). The federal district is within North Asia as per the UN geoscheme and it is coextensive with the Russian Far East.
John Shakespeare
John Shakespeare (c. 1531 – 7 September 1601) was an English businessman who was the father of William Shakespeare. Active in Stratford-upon-Avon, he was a glover and whittawer (leather worker) by trade. Shakespeare was elected to several municipal offices, serving as an alderman and culminating in a term as bailiff, the chief magistrate of the town council, and mayor of Stratford in 1568, before he fell on hard times for reasons unknown. His fortunes later revived and he was granted a coat of arms five years before his death, probably at the instigation and expense of his son, the actor and playwright.

He married Mary Arden, with whom he had eight children, five of whom survived into adulthood.

Town council
A town council, city council or municipal council is a form of local government generally found in small to medium-sized municipalities or districts. The exact usage of these terms varies across different jurisdictions.
2023 Split Open – Doubles
Nathaniel Lammons and Albano Olivetti were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Sadio Doumbia and Fabien Reboul won the title after defeating Anirudh Chandrasekar and Vijay Sundar Prashanth 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Nathaniel Lammons
Nathaniel Lammons (born August 12, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP ranking of world No. 17 in doubles, achieved on 27 January 2025. He has won 10 ATP doubles titles.

A former player at Southern Methodist University, Lammons turned professional in 2016. Lammons sealed his top 100 doubles debut in July 2019, a year in which he won four doubles titles from seven doubles finals reached as he broke through on the ATP Challenger Tour. In 2022, he won his first two career ATP Tour doubles titles in San Diego and Seoul, earning him his top 50 debut. Together with partner Jackson Withrow in 2023, Lammons reached his first ATP 500 final in Acapulco and his first ATP Masters 1000 semifinal in Miami. In 2024, he made his first Grand Slam semifinal at the 2024 US Open with Withrow and reached the top 20.
Game Day (The Wire)
"Game Day" is the ninth episode of the first season of the HBO original series The Wire (2002–2008). The episode was written by David H. Melnick and Shamit Choksey from a story by David Simon and Ed Burns and was directed by Milčo Mančevski. It originally aired on August 4, 2002.

Proposition Joe
Joseph Stewart, better known as "Proposition Joe" or "Prop Joe", is a fictional character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by Robert F. Chew. Joe is an Eastside drug lord who prefers a peaceful solution to business disputes when possible. He is responsible for creating the lucrative New Day Co-Op with Stringer Bell, supplying much of Baltimore with heroin brought into the city by "The Greeks". Displaying a cunning, business-oriented demeanor, Joe is often a match in stature for rival drug lords Avon Barksdale and Marlo Stanfield, and is able to manipulate most situations to his advantage.

His nickname stems from his trademark phrase, "I've got a proposition for you", going back to his days selling test answers on the schoolyard. Along with Poot Carr, Wee-Bey Brice, Omar Little, and Bubbles, he is one of the few characters from the drug trade to appear in every season.
Port Mann Bridge
The Port Mann Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that crosses the Fraser River in the Greater Vancouver region of British Columbia, Canada. It carries 10 lanes of Highway 1 (itself part of the Trans-Canada Highway) and connects  Coquitlam to Surrey. The bridge opened to traffic in 2012 and includes space reserved for a potential light rail line.

The cable-stayed bridge replaced a steel arch bridge that spanned the Fraser River from 1963 to 2012. After its successor was opened to traffic, the old bridge was demolished by reverse construction, a process which took three years to complete.

Coquitlam
Coquitlam (/koʊˈkwɪtləm/ ⓘ koh-KWIT-ləm) is a city in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Mainly suburban, Coquitlam is the sixth-largest city in the province, with an estimated population of 174,248 in 2024, and one of the 21 municipalities comprising Metro Vancouver. The mayor is Richard Stewart.
Dainoras Bradauskas
Dainoras Bradauskas (born 16 December 1965) is a Lithuanian economist and politician of the Dawn of Nemunas serving as a member of the Seimas since 2024. From 2015 to 2017, he served as head of the State Tax Inspectorate.

State Tax Inspectorate
The State Tax Inspectorate (Lithuanian: Valstybinė Mokesčių Inspekcija) or VMI is the tax authority in the Republic of Lithuania. It is an agency under the Ministry of Finance.

The main objectives of the agency include: helping the taxpayers with their tax obligations and rights; implementation and enforcement of tax laws, primarily collecting and administering the taxes; collection of revenue for the state budget.
G.E. Lemmon House
The  G. E. Lemmon House, at 507 3rd Ave., W, in Lemmon, South Dakota, was built in 1908.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

It is significant for association with G.E. Lemmon, remembered as "the embodiment of what a real cowboy was, rather
than the mythical image many believe."  Among other achievements, Lemmon handled the most cattle in one day, over 900, in "cutting out, roping and carrying to fire for branding", according to the National Livestock Association.

Lemmon, South Dakota
Lemmon is a town in Perkins County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,160 at the 2020 census.

Lemmon is named after George Ed Lemmon, a cattleman, who founded the town in 1906.

The City of Lemmon received the South Dakota Community of the Year Award in 2012.
Quebec Writers' Federation
The Quebec Writers’ Federation (QWF) is a not-for-profit registered charitable organization representing and serving the English-language literary community in the province of Quebec, Canada.

QWF is a literary arts presenter, provides professional development to established and emerging writers, runs community literary education programs, administers the Quebec Writers’ Federation Awards annually, and publishes the not-for-profit literary journal carte blanche.

The QWF also curates the QWF Literary Database of Quebec English-language authors, a searchable online compendium that represents the physical QWF collection of over 2,180 books by Quebec English-language authors, housed at the Atwater Library and Computer Centre.

The QWF is based in Westmount (Montreal), Canada.

Westmount
Westmount (French pronunciation: [wɛstmaunt]) is a city on the Island of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada. Enclaved by the city of Montreal, it had a population of 19,658 in the 2021 Canadian census.

Westmount is home to schools, an arena, a pool, a public library and a number of parks, including Westmount Park, King George Park (also known as Murray Hill Park) and Westmount Summit. The city operates its own electricity distribution company Westmount Light & Power (Hydro-Westmount).  The city is also the location of two Canadian Forces Primary Reserve units: The Royal Montreal Regiment and 34th Signals Regiment.

Traditionally, the community of Westmount has been a wealthy and predominantly anglophone enclave, having been at one point the richest community in Canada. It is still the most affluent neighbourhood in Canada outside of Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary.
Battlesbridge railway station
Battlesbridge railway station is a stop on the Crouch Valley Line in the East of England, serving the village of Battlesbridge, Essex. It is 31 miles 40 chains (50.7 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Wickford to the west and South Woodham Ferrers. Train services are operated by Greater Anglia.

East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
Amelia Baker
Amelia Dorothea Baker, Sr (1802–1888) was a religious educational missionary working in Kottayam, Kerala, India in the 19th century. She grew up in a missionary family and married fellow religious missionary Henry Baker. With the Church Missionary Society, Baker worked to for the education of women and girls of the community, founding of the first CMS girls' school in Travancore. Baker Memorial Girl's High School was the first school to implement uniforms to promote equality amongst students and in 1952 became the home of India's first Girl Guide troops.

Girl Guide and Girl Scout
A Girl Guide  or Girl Scout is a member of a section of some Guiding organisations who is between the ages of 10 and 14. Age limits are different in each organisation. Girl Scouts and Girl Scout organizations already existed in Britain and other Commonwealth countries when Robert Baden-Powell founded The Girl Guides Association in 1910. There are many Girl Scouts organizations, e.g. the British Girl Scouts and Girl Scouts of the USA. The two terms are used synonymously within this article.

Girl Guides are organised into units/troops averaging 15–30 girls under guidance of a team of leaders. Units subdivide into patrols of about six Guides and engage in outdoor and special interest activities. Units may affiliate with national and international organisations. Some units, especially in Europe, have been co-educational since the 1970s, allowing boys and girls to work together as Scouts. There are other programme sections for older and younger girls.
Maxim Oreshkin
Maksim Stanislavovich Oreshkin (Russian: Максим Станиславович Орешкин; born 21 July 1982) is a Russian economist and statesman who served as the Minister for Economic Development from 30 November 2016 to 15 January 2020. He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation
1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation (Russian: действительный государственный советник Российской Федерации 1 класса) is the highest federal state civilian service rank of Russia.

The rank of the 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation was first introduced with enactment of the Federal Law of 31 July 1995 No.119-FZ "About fundamentals of state service of Russian Federation" (as qualification class) and was retained with enactment of the Federal Law of 27 July 2004 No.79-FZ "About state civilian service of Russian Federation" (as state civilian service rank).

The rank is assigned by the President of Russia. This rank is one step above the rank of 2nd class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

According to the Table approved by the Presidential Decree of 1 February 2005 No.113, the rank of the 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation is equal to the military rank of the Army general/Fleet admiral.
Most decorated US Naval vessels of World War II
This list catalogs the most honored US Naval vessels of the Second World War. It is placed in descending order of earned Battle Stars; descending accorded unit recognitions; descending ship size by type; and ascending hull number. It contains only vessels that earned fifteen or more Battle Stars for World War II service.

Honors awarded that are not listed may include:

Honors awarded by countries other than the United States (e.g., Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, British Admiralty Pennant)

Honors awarded to all units for serving active duty during World War II; including active duty before US entry in the war (e.g., American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal)

Honors awarded to vessels for campaigns other than World War II service (e.g. Korean War service, Vietnam War service).

Pennon
A pennon, also known as a pennant or pendant, is a long narrow flag which is larger at the hoist than at the fly, i.e., the flag narrows as it moves away from the flagpole. It can have several shapes, such as triangular, tapering (square tail) or triangular swallowtail (forked tail), etc. In maritime use, pennants are to be hung from the main truck.

Pennon-style flags were one of the principal three varieties of flags carried during the Middle Ages (the other two were the banner and the standard). The pennon is a flag resembling the guidon in shape, but only half the size. It does not contain any coat of arms, but only crests, mottos and heraldic and ornamental devices.

Pennoncell, streamer and wimpel are minor varieties of this style of flag (see variant types).
Teesside Park
Teesside Park is a retail and leisure park in Thornaby-on-Tees, built in 1988. Located just off the A66 near the A66/A19 interchange, it is split between the unitary authorities of Stockton-on-Tees (retail park) and Middlesbrough (leisure park) with the line of the Old River Tees, which runs down the middle of the development, forming the boundary between the two authorities. The development has a central building that was constructed in 2008.

A19 road
The A19 is a major road in England running approximately parallel to and east of the A1 road. Although the two roads meet at the northern end of the A19, the two roads originally met at the southern end of the A19 in Doncaster, but the old route of the A1 was changed to the A638. From Sunderland northwards, the route was formerly the A1018. In the past the route was known as the East of Snaith-York-Thirsk-Stockton-on-Tees-Sunderland Trunk Road. Most traffic joins the A19, heading for Teesside, from the A168 at Dishforth Interchange.
Bending of plates
Bending of plates, or plate bending, refers to the deflection of a plate perpendicular to the plane of the plate under the action of external forces and moments.  The amount of deflection can be determined by solving the differential equations of an appropriate plate theory.  The stresses in the plate can be calculated from these deflections.  Once the stresses are known, failure theories can be used to determine whether a plate will fail under a given load.

Poisson's ratio
In materials science and solid mechanics, Poisson's ratio (symbol: ν (nu)) is a measure of the Poisson effect, the deformation (expansion or contraction) of a material in directions perpendicular to the specific direction of loading. The value of Poisson's ratio is the negative of the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain. For small values of these changes, ν is the amount of transversal elongation divided by the amount of axial compression.

Most materials have Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.0 and 0.5. For soft materials, such as rubber, where the bulk modulus is much higher than the shear modulus, Poisson's ratio is near 0.5. For open-cell polymer foams, Poisson's ratio is near zero, since the cells tend to collapse in compression. Many typical solids have Poisson's ratios in the range of 0.2 to 0.3.

The ratio is named after the French mathematician and physicist Siméon Poisson.
Heather Campbell (artist)
Heather Campbell (born 1973) is an Inuk artist, curator, and educator from Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Newfoundland and Labrador. She is known for her intricate works that blend traditional and contemporary elements, exploring themes of identity, humanity's relationship with nature, and environmental concerns. Throughout her career, Campbell has worked to support Inuit artists and amplify their voices through curatorial and educational initiatives, including her current role as the Director of Strategic Initiatives at the Inuit Art Foundation.

Grenfell Campus
Grenfell Campus, formerly Sir Wilfred Grenfell College, is a campus of the Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). It is located in the city of Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The campus has approximately 1,300 students enrolled in degree programs for the arts, education, fine arts, science, resource management and nursing.  Many students from around the province also attend the school for the first- and second-year course offerings before transferring to Memorial University's larger campus in St. John's.
Ng Chiu Kok
Ng Chiu Kok, or Chiu-Kok Ng  (Mandarin Chinese: 吳超覺, born 25 November 1975), born in Hong Kong, is the Deputy Commissioner of the Correctional Services Department of Hong Kong and an international Association football referee. He was a referee of the Hong Kong Football Association beginning in 1994. He started to officiate the highest level of professional league matches in Hong Kong in 2000. In 2004, he was promoted to FIFA referee. In 2008, he became the first Hong Kong referee to be promoted to the Asian Football Confederation elite referee. Ng has been voted the "Best Referee" of the year. On 30 May 2021, after officiating the final match of the Hong Kong Premier League and the relegation battle between Southern and Resources Capital, Ng announced that he would officially retire after officiating more than 1,100 games, ending his 27-year refereeing career.

Football Association of Hong Kong, China
The Football Association of Hong Kong, China (HKFA, Chinese: 中國香港足球總會; formerly Hong Kong Football Association) is the governing body of association football in Hong Kong. It is currently a member of FIFA, the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the East Asian Football Federation (EAFF). Its current chairman is Eric Fok.
Symphony No. 2 (Schnittke)
Russian composer Alfred Schnittke wrote his Symphony No. 2, subtitled "St. Florian" and "Invisible Mass" in 1979. It is a choral symphony, written for contralto, countertenor, tenor and bass, plus chorus and orchestra. The symphony was written in homage to 19th century Austrian composer and organist Anton Bruckner, who was closely associated with St. Florian's Priory in the town of Sankt Florian, Upper Austria, and who is buried under the organ there.

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Wanjiazhai Dam
The Wanjiazhai Dam is a gravity dam on the Yellow River on the border of Pianguan County, Shaanxi Province (east bank) and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (west bank), China. The main purpose of the dam is water supply for the Wanjiazhai Water Control Project  along with peak hydroelectric power generation. Construction on the dam began in 1994, the first generator went online in 1998 and the last in 2000.

Acre-foot
The acre-foot is a non-SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m3 commonly used in the western United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows.

An acre-foot equals the volume of water needed to fill approximately an eight-lane swimming pool, 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep.
Ignavine
Ignavine is a naturally occurring diterpene alkaloid found in Aconiti tuber. It has been reported to act as a μ-opioid receptor (MOR) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). The drug potentiated responses to the selective MOR agonist DAMGO at low concentrations but inhibited DAMGO at high concentrations. Ignavine alone has been found to produce analgesic effects in animals, but with a biphasic dose–response curve. Although described as a MOR PAM, other research suggests that ignavine is a ligand of the orthosteric site of the MOR and does not act as a PAM. Instead, it may be a MOR partial agonist. However, more research is necessary to clarify its MOR actions. Ignavine was first isolated by 1952 and its reported MOR PAM activity was first reported by 2016.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
H-151
H-151 is an experimental drug which acts as an irreversible antagonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein. It has antiinflammatory and antiviral effects by  reducing cytokine signalling, and has potential application in numerous disease states in which inflammation plays a role.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.