hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Listed buildings in Newton, Ribble Valley
Newton is a civil parish in Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England.  It contains 28 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Newton-in-Bowland, and is otherwise rural.  The listed buildings are mainly houses with associated structures, farmhouses, and farm buildings, both in the village and in the surrounding countryside.  The other listed buildings include bridges, a public house, a Friends' meeting house, and a former school.

Ribble Valley
Ribble Valley is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. Its council is based in Clitheroe, the largest town. The borough also includes the town of Longridge and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. It is named after the River Ribble. Much of the district lies within the Forest of Bowland, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Pendle, Burnley, Hyndburn, Blackburn with Darwen, South Ribble, Preston, Wyre, Lancaster and North Yorkshire.
Arthur Groenouw
Arthur Groenouw (27 March 1862 – 1945) was a German ophthalmologist born in Bosatz, a village near Ratibor.

He studied medicine in Breslau, and was an assistant to physiologist Rudolf Heidenhain (1834–1897) and ophthalmologist Wilhelm Uhthoff (1853–1927). In 1892 he was habilitated for ophthalmology in Breslau, and in 1899 attained the title of professor.

In 1890 Groenouw described two different types of corneal dystrophy, of which he wrote about in an article titled "Knötchenförmige Hornhauttrübungen" (noduli corneae).  At the time, he believed that the two types were variations of the same disease. Later on, his findings on corneal dystrophy were classified as two separate syndromes:

"Groenouw Type I": Granular type of corneal dystrophy. Characterized by discrete grey opacities scattered over the surface of the cornea.

"Groenouw Type II": Macular type of corneal dystrophy. Characterized by greyish white opaque granules with sharp borders, mostly in central part of cornea.

University of Wrocław
The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship.

The university was established in 1701 and reconstituted in its current form in 1945, as a direct successor to the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
Pupung station
Pup'ung station is a railway station of the Korean State Railway in Pup'ung, Sakchu County, North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, on P'yŏngbuk Line of the Korean State Railway. It is also the starting point of the Sup'ung Line and the Amrokkang Line.

Pyongbuk Line
The P'yŏngbuk Line is an electrified standard-gauge secondary trunk line of the Korean State Railway in North Pyŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Chŏngju on the P'yŏngŭi Line to Ch'ŏngsu; it meets the Ch'ŏngnyŏn P'arwŏn Line at Kusŏng, and at Ch'ŏngsu, via a bridge across the Yalu River, it goes to Shanghekou, China, where it connects to China Railway's Fengshang Railway to Fenghuangcheng.
David Hannah
David Hannah (born 4 August 1973) is a Scottish footballer and coach, who played in central midfield. He began his career with Dundee United, transferred to Celtic in 1996 and rejoined Dundee United from 1999 to 2002. He then had short spells with a number of Scottish clubs, including Ross County and St Johnstone, as well as playing for clubs in Cyprus, England and Iceland. He also represented the Scotland under-21 team. During his career, Hannah won all three major honours in Scottish football – the Scottish Cup with Dundee United and the Premier Division title and League Cup with Celtic.

As a coach, Hannah was with Montrose – including a spell as caretaker manager in 2008 – and went on to manage Einherji in Iceland from 2011 to 2012.

Caretaker manager
In association football, a caretaker manager or interim manager is somebody who takes temporary charge of the management of a football team, usually when the regular manager is dismissed or leaves for a different club. However, a caretaker manager may also be appointed if the regular manager is suspended, ill, has a suspected contagious disease (e.g. COVID-19) or is unable to attend to their usual duties. Caretaker managers are normally appointed at short notice from within the club, usually the assistant manager, a senior coach, or an experienced player.
Rochester Art Center
The Rochester Art Center is a contemporary arts center in Rochester, Minnesota, United States. The Center offers exhibitions of local, national and international art, as well as tours, classes, and workshops.

Founded in 1946, the Center opened in its current location in 2004. The 36,000 square-foot building was designed by Hammel, Green and Abrahamson. Its main gallery is named in recognition of the artist Judy Onofrio.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Wim Zaal
Willem Philippe Maria "Wim" Zaal (14 August 1935 –  11 October 2021) was a Dutch journalist, essayist, translator and literary critic. He was literary editor of Elsevier for years.

He has edited anthologies from the works of many authors, including Joost van den Vondel. He translated works by the Belgian writer Neel Doff from French into Dutch and also translated the memoirs of King Louis Bonaparte in 1983.

Zaal also wrote a few books about Italy, a country that has always fascinated him.

In 2001, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands awarded him the Honorary Cross of the Order of the House of Orange. Zaal died on 11 October 2021, at the age of 86.

Lannoo
Uitgeverij Lannoo Groep is a Belgian publishing group, based in Tielt, with assets in Belgium and the Netherlands. Its Belgian  subsidiary is Uitgeverij Lannoo. Its Dutch subsidiary is LannooMeulenhoff. Over the years Lannoo evolved from Catholic and Flemish to an open, commercial publishing house.
Rigoberto Mendoza (marathon)
Rigoberto Mendoza Pérez (born January 4, 1946) is a retired male long-distance and steeplechase runner from Cuba. He won the gold medal in the Marathon at the 1975 Pan American Games and competed for his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics, finishing in 33rd place. He set his personal best (2:21.01) in the classic distance in 1975.

1975 Pan American Games
The 1975 Pan American Games, officially known as the VII Pan American Games (Spanish: VII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1975 (Spanish: México 1975), were held in Mexico City, Mexico, from October 12 to October 26, 1975, exactly twenty years after the second Pan American Games were held there. It was the third major sporting event held in the Mexican capital in seven years, after the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1970 FIFA World Cup.
Simulium yahense
Simulium yahense is a species of black flies found in West African rain forests. Their larval stages are found in "smaller, more shaded, cooler breeding waters." One particular group, now eradicated, was found only on the island of Bioko, and was an extremely effective vector for the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus that causes onchocerciasis, or "river blindness".

Onchocerca
Onchocerca is a genus of parasitic roundworm. It contains one human parasite – Onchocerca volvulus – which is responsible for the neglected disease Onchocerciasis, also known as "river blindness" because the infected humans tend to live near rivers where host black flies live. Over 40 million people are infected in Africa, Central America, and South America. Other species affect cattle, horses, etc.
Gordon Dowding
Gordon Hudson Dowding (March 1, 1918 – November 9, 2003) was a lawyer and politician in British Columbia, Canada. He represented Burnaby and then Burnaby-Edmonds in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1956 to 1975 as a CCF/NDP member.

He was born in Kamloops and educated there and at the University of British Columbia. In 1945, he married Gwen Olson. Dowding was called to the British Columbia bar in 1952 and the Alberta bar in 1967. He was an unsuccessful candidate in the provincial riding of Lillooet in 1952 and 1953. Dowding was the speaker of the British Columbia Legislature from 1972 to 1975 (he was the only incumbent NDP MLA not to be appointed to cabinet). He was defeated by Ray Loewen when he ran for reelection in 1975.

In 1962, Dowding was a founding member of the B.C. Civil Liberties Association. He died in 2003.

Burnaby (provincial electoral district)
Burnaby was a provincial electoral district of British Columbia, Canada, that first appeared on the hustings in the 1924 election. For the federal electoral district of the same name, please see Burnaby (federal electoral district).
Pete the Pup
Pete the Pup (September 9, 1929 – January 28, 1946) was an American dog actor known to portray "Pete, the dog with the ring around his eye" in Hal Roach's Our Gang comedies series (later known as The Little Rascals) during the 1930s. He was well-known for the circle around his eye, applied by Hollywood makeup artist Max Factor.

Hal Roach
Harold Eugene "Hal" Roach Sr. (January 14, 1892 – November 2, 1992) was an American film and television producer, director and screenwriter, who was the founder of the namesake Hal Roach Studios.

Roach was active in the industry from the 1910s to the 1990s. He is known for producing a number of early media franchise successes, including the Laurel and Hardy franchise, Harold Lloyd's early films, the films of entertainer Charley Chase, and the Our Gang short film comedy series.
David Garza (musician)
David Garza (pronounced Dah-veed; born February 4, 1971) is an American record producer, singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer, and visual artist, who has crafted a 35-year repertoire of over 400 original compositions.

Sonic Ranch
Sonic Ranch, in the border town of Tornillo, Texas, is the world's largest residential recording studio complex. There are five studios designed by Vincent Van Haaff on a 1,700-acre (690 ha) pecan orchard, which borders the Rio Grande and Mexico. Located 30 miles (48 km) east of El Paso, Texas, in the border town of Tornillo, there are five houses on the property where artists stay while recording. The studio was founded in 1989 by the current owner/director Tony Rancich around a large traditional Spanish hacienda, which is an adobe structure that was built in the late 1930s, with pine-tree vigas as the ceiling structure. Some rock bands have noted the calm, rural wilderness and easy access to Ciudad Juárez across the border.
Mohammad Ebrahim Jannaati
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ebrahim Jannaati (Persian: آیت الله العظمی محمد ابراهیم جناتی, born 1933 in Shahrood, Iran) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qom and Najaf. He is known for his progressive fatwas on women and youth issues.

Ayatollah
Ayatollah (UK: /ˌaɪəˈtɒlə/, also US: /ˌaɪəˈtoʊlə/; Arabic: آية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیت‌الله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is a title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished  marja' at-taqlid mujtahid, it suffered from "inflation"  following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid". By 2015, it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs.

The title is not used by the Sunni community of Iran, due to their belief that Muhammad did not appoint a successor.

In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah".
Eremochen
Eremochen is an extinct genus of water bird, belonging to the Anserinae subfamily, which includes modern true geese and swans. The genus was described in 1961 by Pierce Brodkorb, from remains discovered in 1955 in the Juntura Formation of Oregon. It was slightly smaller than the extant Atlantic Canada goose. The referred material includes its holotype, the proximal portion of a left humerus, alongside portions of a right scapula, a right carpometacarpus, and a right tibiotarsus.

The genus name, Eremochen, is composed of the Greek prefix Eremos-, meaning "desert", and -chen, meaning "goose". The species name, russelli, was given to honour the paleontologist Donald E. Russell.

Carpometacarpus
The carpometacarpus is a bone found in the hands of birds. It results from the fusion of the carpal and metacarpal bone, and is essentially a single fused bone between the wrist and the knuckles. It is a smallish bone in most birds, generally flattened and with a large hole in the middle. In flightless birds, however, its shape may be slightly different, or it might be absent entirely.

It forms the tip of the wing skeleton in birds. To it, most of the primary remiges attach. The alula, by contrast, is formed by the thumb, which does not completely fuse with the other hand-bones. Likewise, the tipmost primaries attach to the phalanx bones.

To non-biologists the carpometacarpus may be best known from buffalo wings. Buffalo wings come in two basic sizes, a large angled one containing three major bones, and a smaller flat one containing only two. The bone missing in the latter is the carpometacarpus.
Blériot 165
The Blériot 165 (or Bl-165) was a French airliner of the 1920s.  It was a twin-engined biplane, a final development in the family of designs that began with the Blériot 115. Two were built for Air Union to replace the Farman Goliath on their Paris–London route and were christened Leonardo da Vinci and Octave Chanute. The airline found that it preferred the Lioré et Olivier LeO 21s that it had ordered alongside this aircraft, meaning that no further examples were produced.

The second aircraft had originally been fitted with Renault 12Ja inline engines and night-flying equipment and had been designated Blériot 175, but it was soon refitted to the same standard as the first and shared its designation. At one point, plans were made to build a second 175 for Paul Codos to make a long-distance flight from Paris to Tokyo, but this did not eventuate. Similarly, plans to build a bomber version as the Blériot 123 were also abandoned.

Inline engine (aeronautics)
In aviation, an inline engine is a reciprocating engine with banks of cylinders, one behind another, rather than rows of cylinders, with each bank having any number of cylinders, although more than six is uncommon. The major reciprocating-engine alternative configuration is the radial engine, where the cylinders are placed in a circular or "star" arrangement.

The term "inline" is used somewhat differently for aircraft engines than automotive engines. For automotive engines, the term ‘inline’ refers only to straight engines (those with a single bank of cylinders). But for aircraft, ‘inline’ can also refer to engines which are not of the straight configuration, such as V, H, or horizontally opposed.
Manhunt (miniseries)
Manhunt is an American historical drama miniseries created by showrunner Monica Beletsky, adapted from James L. Swanson's book Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer. The series follows Edwin Stanton's search for John Wilkes Booth in the aftermath of Abraham Lincoln's assassination. Directed by Carl Franklin and starring Tobias Menzies, the series was produced for Apple TV+, and released on March 15, 2024.

Showrunner
A showrunner is the top-level executive producer of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the director has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the head writer (or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the United States; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
Arno Klaassen
Arno Klaassen (born 16 November 1979 in Tilburg) is a Dutch bobsledder. Klaassen started with international bobsleigh competitions in 2005 and therefore was not yet part of Arend Glas's team that participated at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. However, from 2005 on his skills improved fast and he became a regular member of the 4-bob. In January 2006 Klaassen qualified himself in the team of that several weeks earlier secured its qualification for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. At the qualification play-off (named bob-off) held in Oberhof, Germany, he ended up in second position (behind Sybren Jansma), thus claiming his seat in the bob. Together with Glas, Jansma and Vincent Kortbeek he became 16th.

Oberhof, Germany
Oberhof (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐhoːf] ⓘ) is a town in the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district of Thuringia, Germany. Located in the Thuringian Forest mountain range, it is a winter sports center and health resort. With 1,625 inhabitants (December 2016), it is visited by 144,000 tourists every year (2016). The town obtained its official city status in 1985.
Baron Ironside
Baron Ironside, of Archangel and of Ironside in the County of Aberdeen, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1941 for Field Marshal Sir Edmund Ironside, previously Governor of Gibraltar and Chief of the Imperial General Staff. As of 2020 the title is held by his grandson, the third Baron, who succeeded in that year. The second baron was Deputy Chairman of the House of Lords from 1974 to 1977. However, he lost his seat in parliament after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999.

The family seat is The Priory House, near Boxted, Essex.

Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
Chief of the General Staff (CGS) has been the title of the professional head of the British Army since 1964. The CGS is a member of both the Chiefs of Staff Committee and the Army Board; he is also the Chair of the Executive Committee of the Army Board. Prior to 1964, the title was Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS). Since 1959, the post has been immediately subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Staff, the post held by the professional head of the British Armed Forces.

The current Chief of the General Staff is General Sir Roland Walker, who succeeded General Sir Patrick Sanders in the role on 15 June 2024.
1940 Queen's University of Belfast by-election
The 1940 Queen's University of Belfast by-election was held on 2 November 1940.  The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Ulster Unionist MP, Thomas Sinclair.  It was won by the unopposed Ulster Unionist candidate Douglas Savory.

Queen's University of Belfast (UK Parliament constituency)
Queen's University of Belfast was a university constituency represented in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom Parliament from the 1918 general election until 1950 general election.

It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) elected by the first-past-the-post voting system.
On Top of the World (album)
On Top of the World is the third studio album by American hip hop duo Eightball & MJG. The album was released on October 31, 1995, by Suave House Records and Relativity Records. West-coast artists E-40 and Mac Mall both make appearances on this album, along with Big Mike – a one-time member of Geto Boys. Nuckle Heads, a newly formed group of 2 female rappers on Suave House, debut on this album. South Circle (Mr. Mike and Thorough) also make an appearance here. Former 1 of the Girls member Nina Creque also appears on the album.

The album cover was designed by Houston based company Pen & Pixel Graphics, who also designed the cover for their 1993 debut Comin' Out Hard. The company would later be known for their covers for No Limit Records as well as Cash Money Records.

Geto Boys
The Geto Boys (originally spelled Ghetto Boys) were an American hip-hop group originally formed in Houston. In the 1990s, they had commercial success with a lineup consisting of Bushwick Bill, Willie D, and Scarface. Their 1991 single "Mind Playing Tricks on Me" peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. Formed in 1986, the group was active until the 2019 death of Bushwick Bill.

The group's lyrics discussed controversial subject matter including misogyny, violence, psychotic experiences, and drug addiction. About.com ranked the Geto Boys No. 10 on its list of the 25 Best Rap Groups of All-Time, describing them as "southern rap pioneers who led to future southern hip-hop acts."
2025 Council of the Isles of Scilly election
Elections to the Council of the Isles of Scilly took place on 1 May 2025, alongside other United Kingdom local elections. All 16 seats on the council — 12 councillors for St Mary's and 1 each of the other inhabited isles of Bryher, St Agnes, St Martin's and Tresco—were up for election.

Only one seat was contested, on St Martin's, with all other seats filled by unopposed nominations.

St Martin's, Isles of Scilly
St Martin's (Cornish: Breghyek, lit. 'dappled island') is the northernmost populated island of the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It has an area of 237 hectares (0.92 sq mi) and a total population (2021 census) of 135. Four regions of the island are designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest.
Chatchai Paholpat
Chatchai Paholpat (Thai ชัชชัย พหลแพทย์) is a former Thailand national football team player and head coach of Thailand national team in 2004. Currently, He has been the head coach of Thailand Premier League side Customs Department FC. He has led the side to the Thailand Division 1 League title in 2008.

He made several appearances for the Thailand national football team, including four 1974 FIFA World Cup qualifying matches. He also played for Thailand at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico.

Chatchai was also head coach of the national team in 2004 and led the side in the 2004 Asian Cup in China.

Hoang Anh Gia Lai FC
Hoang Anh Gia Lai Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ Bóng đá Hoàng Anh Gia Lai), commonly known as Hoang Anh Gia Lai and simply known as HAGL, is a Vietnamese professional football club based in Pleiku, Gia Lai. Owned by Đoàn Nguyên Đức, a prominent Vietnamese businessman and founder of Hoang Anh Gia Lai Group, HAGL play in the top division of Vietnamese football, V.League 1. Their home stadium is Pleiku Stadium.