hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giovanni Antonio Scalfarotto
Giovanni Antonio Scalfarotto (1672 – 1764) was an Italian architect from Venice.

He is said to have taught architectural drawing to the engraver Giovanni Piranesi. Like many eclectic architects of his time, it is difficult to pin down a specific style. He was likely limited in part because of the weight of architectural tradition in many of his projects. For example, his designs for the façade of the chiesa of San Rocco, completed posthumously, looked peculiarly antique, but are meant to match the adjacent Scuola di San Rocco. He designed the  present bell tower for the church of San Salvador and San Bartolomeo (1747-1752) near the Rialto. He is best known for the designs of the church of San Simeone Piccolo across the Grand Canal from the modern railroad station. His nephew, Tommaso Temanza was also an architect in Venice.

San Rocco, Venice
The Church of Saint Roch  (Italian: Chiesa di San Rocco) is a Roman Catholic church dedicated to Saint Roch in Venice, northern Italy. It was built between 1489 and 1508 by Bartolomeo Bon the Younger, but was substantially altered in 1725. The façade dates from 1765 to 1771, and was designed by Bernardino Maccarucci.  The church is one of the Plague-churches built in Venice.

St. Roch, whose relics rest in the church after their transfer from Voghera (trad. Montpellier), was declared a patron saint of the city in 1576. Every year, on his feast day (16 August), the Doge made a pilgrimage to the church.

Near the church is the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, noted for its numerous Tintoretto paintings.  It was founded in the 15th century as a confraternity to assist the citizens in time of plague.
Davis v. United States
United States Supreme Court cases titled Davis v. United States:

Davis v. United States, 589 U.S. ___ (2020), a per curiam opinion

Davis v. United States (2011), 564 U.S. 229 (good-faith exception to the exclusionary rule)

Davis v. United States (1994), 512 U.S. 452 (invocation of the right to counsel under Miranda)

Davis v. United States (1990), 495 U.S. 472 (charitable deductions under §170 of the Internal Revenue Code)

Davis v. United States (1974), 417 U.S. 333

Davis v. United States (1973), 411 U.S. 233

Davis v. United States (1969), 394 U.S. 574

Davis v. United States (1960), 364 U.S. 505

Davis v. United States (1946), 328 U.S. 582

Davis v. United States (1897), 165 U.S. 373

Davis v. United States (1895), 160 U.S. 469

Good-faith exception
In United States constitutional law and criminal procedure, the good-faith exception (also good-faith doctrine) is one of the limitations on the exclusionary rule of the Fourth Amendment.

For criminal proceedings, the exclusionary rule prohibits entry of evidence obtained through an unreasonable search and seizure, such as one executed under an invalid search warrant. However, the good-faith exemption allows evidence collected by law enforcement officers pursuant to a defective search warrant if the officers reasonably relied on the validity of the warrant in good faith (bona fides).
Staub (cookware)
Staub is a premium French enameled cast iron cookware and bakeware manufacturer that was originally headquartered in Turckheim, Alsace, France.

The first piece, a cocotte or coquelle (Dutch oven), was designed by Francis Staub in 1974 in a dormant artillery factory. Pieces are manufactured with cast iron covered with double-glazed enamel.

Cookware and bakeware
Cookware and bakeware is food preparation equipment, such as cooking pots, pans, baking sheets etc. used in kitchens. Cookware is used on a stove or range cooktop, while bakeware is used in an oven. Some utensils are considered both cookware and bakeware.

There is a great variety of cookware and bakeware in shape, material, and inside surface. Some materials conduct heat well; some retain heat well. Some surfaces are non-stick; some require seasoning.

Some pots and their lids have handles or knobs made of low thermal conductance materials such as bakelite, plastic or wood, which make them easy to pick up without oven gloves.

A good cooking pot design has an "overcook edge" which is what the lid lies on. The lid has a dripping edge that prevents condensation fluid from dripping off when handling the lid (taking it off and holding it 45°) or putting it down.
Alie van Jaarsveld
Adriaan Zacharias Albertus "Alie" van Jaarsveld (born 28 January 1954) is a South African politician and communications strategist. He represented the New National Party (NNP) in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2004, serving the Eastern Cape constituency. He later served as a spokesman in the Western Cape Provincial Government.

New National Party (South Africa)
The New National Party (NNP; Afrikaans: Nuwe Nasionale Party) was a South African political party formed in 1997 as the successor to the National Party, which ruled the country from 1948 to 1994. The name change was an attempt to distance itself from its apartheid past, and reinvent itself as a moderate, mainstream conservative and non-racist federal party. The attempt was largely unsuccessful, and in 2005 the New National Party voted to disband itself.
Kirsten Broberg
Kirsten Soriano (formerly, Kirsten Broberg) was born April 19, 1979. She is an American composer from White Bear Lake, Minnesota. Her music has been performed by the Kronos Quartet string quartet, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra MusicNOW Ensemble, the Minnesota Orchestra, the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, The Crossing choral ensemble, the International Contemporary Ensemble, Ensemble Dal Niente and the Jack Quartet string quartet. In 2013, she was appointed assistant professor at the University of North Texas and was promoted to associate professor with tenure in 2020. She has served as director of undergraduate studies in the college of music at the University of North Texas since 2018.

Kronos Quartet
The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco. It has been in existence with a rotating membership of musicians for 50 years. The quartet covers a very broad range of musical genres, including contemporary classical music. More than 1,200 works have been written for it. The quartet has recorded over 75 albums and received a number of awards.
Stoke Mandeville Hospital
Stoke Mandeville Hospital is a large National Health Service (NHS) hospital located on the parish borders of Aylesbury and Stoke Mandeville,  Buckinghamshire, England. It is managed by Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust.

It was established in 1830 as a cholera hospital intentionally on the parish border between the neighbouring village of Stoke Mandeville and the town of Aylesbury to serve the residents of both settlements.

The hospital's National Spinal Injuries Centre is one of the largest specialist spinal units in the world, and the pioneering rehabilitation work carried out there by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, specifically the therapeutic use of competitive sport, led to the development of the Stoke Mandeville Games in 1948, the International Stoke Mandeville Games (now the World Abilitysport Games) in 1952, which in 1960 in Rome in turn became the Paralympic Games.

Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care of the United Kingdom. It was established in 2009 to regulate and inspect health and social care providers in England. It was formed from three predecessor organisations:

the Healthcare Commission

the Commission for Social Care Inspection

the Mental Health Act Commission

The CQC's stated role is to make sure that hospitals, care homes, dental and general practices and other care services in England provide people with safe, effective and high-quality care, and to encourage those providers to improve. It carries out this role through checks during the registration process which all new care services must complete, as well as through inspections and monitoring of a range of data sources that can indicate problems with services.

Part of the commission's remit is protecting the interests of people whose rights have been restricted under the Mental Health Act.
Macklin Island
Macklin Island is a small island in the eastern part of the Robinson Group, about 3 kilometres (1.5 nmi) north of Kirton Island, and 6 kilometres (3 nmi) northwest of Cape Daly, Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for E.L. Macklin, a radio officer at Mawson Station in 1955 and 1959.

Mac. Robertson Land
Mac. Robertson Land is the portion of Antarctica lying southward of the coast between William Scoresby Bay and Cape Darnley. It is located at 70°00′S 65°00′E﻿ / ﻿70.000°S 65.000°E﻿ / -70.000; 65.000. In the east, Mac. Robertson Land includes the Prince Charles Mountains. It was named by the British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) (1929–1931), under Sir Douglas Mawson, after Sir Macpherson Robertson of Melbourne, a patron of the expedition.

From 1965 onward, members of the SAE (Soviet Antarctic Expeditions) began undertaking geological fieldwork in the Prince Charles Mountains, eventually establishing a base, Soyuz Station, on the eastern shore of Beaver Lake in the northern Prince Charles Mountains.
North Donegal
North Donegal was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1922.

Prior to the 1885 United Kingdom general election the area was part of the Donegal constituency. From 1922, on the establishment of the Irish Free State, it was not represented in the UK Parliament.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Tennis at Newport
Tennis at Newport is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1919 by the American artist George Bellows. It depicts one of the earliest editions of the Newport Casino Invitational, a major event on the high society calendar. The painting is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Newport Casino Invitational
The Newport Casino Invitational (or Invitation) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts between 1915 and 1967 at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island. The event was first held in 1915 when the U.S. National Championships, which had been held at the Newport Casino since 1881, moved to Forest Hills, New York. The Casino Invitational became a preparation tournament for the U.S. National Championships. Since its inception, with a field of fifty players, it consistently attracted the best of the US contingent of tennis players and many high-profile international contenders as well. With the advent of the open era in 1968 the Newport Casino Invitational ended though there were pro tournaments held at the same venue with the modified Van Alen Streamlined Scoring System (VASSS).
Tumu Enua
The Tumu Enua was a political party located in the Cook Islands. It was led by Norman George, a former member of the Democratic Party who had previously founded the breakaway New Alliance Party. The New Alliance Party eventually reunited with the Democrats, but George himself contested the 2004 elections under the Tumu Enua banner. The party won only 2.4% of popular votes and no seats. Norman George later joined the Cook Islands Party, the main rival of the Democrats.

"Tumu Enua" can be roughly translated as "base/foundation of the land".

Cook Islands Party
The Cook Islands Party is a nationalist political party in the Cook Islands.  It was the first political party founded in the Cook Islands, and one of the two major parties of the islands' politics since 1965.

From 1999 until 2005, it sometimes participated in coalition governments. In the 2006 elections, it came runner-up and largest opposition party in the islands. The party won both the 2010 and 2014 elections and currently forms the government. As a result of the 2018 elections, it is the second largest party in the Cook Islands Parliament. The leader of the party is the Prime Minister Mark Brown.
South Arch volcanic field
South Arch volcanic field is an underwater volcanic field south of Hawaiʻi Island. It was active during the last 10,000 years, and covers an area of 35 by 50 kilometres (22 mi × 31 mi) at a depth of 4,950 metres (16,240 ft).

Although the field is related to the Hawaiian hotspot, it does not appear to be a precursory volcano, but seems to have formed when the weight of the growing Hawaiian volcanoes caused the oceanic crust to buckle, opening up pathways for magma to ascend in front of the hotspot.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.
2018–19 Serie B
The 2018–19 Serie B (known as Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons) was the 87th season of Serie B in Italy since its establishment in 1929.

A total of 19 teams contested in the 2018–19 season, instead of the usual 22 teams, due to the exclusion of Bari, Cesena and Avellino. There are 12 teams returning from the 2017–18 Serie B season, 4 promoted from 2017–18 Serie C (Livorno, Padova, Lecce, Cosenza) and 3 relegated from 2017–18 Serie A (Crotone, Hellas Verona, Benevento).

Balkrishna Industries
Balkrishna Industries Limited (BKT) is an Indian multinational tyre manufacturing company based in Mumbai, India. Balkrishna Industries manufactures off-highway tyres used in specialist segmentations like mining, earthmoving, agriculture, and gardening in five factories located in Aurangabad, Bhiwadi, Chopanki, Dombivali, and Bhuj. In 2013, it was ranked 41st among the world’s tyre makers. BKT sponsors various sports competitions in several countries, most notably the Monster Jam.
Megiddo Airfield
Megiddo Airfield (Hebrew: מנחת מגידו) (IATA: N/A, ICAO: LLMG), known as Shachar 7 by the Israel Defense Forces, is an Israeli airfield located in the Jezreel Valley near Tel Megiddo and 3 km (1.9 mi) southwest of Afula. It opened in 1942 as RAF Station Megiddo and was used as an auxiliary field to RAF Ramat David. It was used by 6 & 208 Squadrons.

It currently handles private and agricultural flights. It formerly served as an Israeli Air Force base and was decommissioned in the mid-1980s.

Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (Biblical Hebrew: עמק יזרעאל, romanized: ʿĒmeq Yizrəʿēl, LXX Koine Ιεζραελ), or Marj ibn Amir (Arabic: مرج ابن عامر, romanized: Marj ibn ʿĀmir, lit. 'Meadow of ibn Amir') is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee, to the south by the highlands of Samaria, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center.
ABC Unified School District
The ABC Unified School District is a school district that is based in Cerritos, California, United States.

ABCUSD serves the cities of Artesia, most of Cerritos, Hawaiian Gardens, the portion of Lakewood east of the San Gabriel River, as well as tiny portions of Long Beach, Norwalk, La Mirada, and Santa Fe Springs

"ABC" stands for Artesia (founded in 1875), Bloomfield (founded in 1885), and  Carmenita (founded in 1902), three districts which were unified in 1965.

La Mirada, California
La Mirada is a city in southeast Los Angeles County, California United States, and is one of the Gateway Cities, on the border with Orange County. The population was 48,008 at the 2020 census. The La Mirada Theatre for the Performing Arts and the Splash! La Mirada Regional Aquatics Center are two of its major attractions. It is the home of Biola University, an evangelical Christian institution of higher education.
Hallier
Hallier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ernst Hallier (1831–1904), German botanist and mycologist

Jean-Edern Hallier (1936–1997), French writer, critic and editor

Johannes Gottfried Hallier (1868–1932), German botanist

Lori Hallier (born 1959), Canadian film, stage and television actress

Jean-Edern Hallier
Jean-Edern Hallier (1 March 1936 – 12 January 1997) was a French writer, critic and publisher.

After his exclusion from the literary review Tel Quel, which he co-founded with Philippe Sollers, Hallier went on to publish novels and satirical pamphlets, and created the controversial newspaper L'Idiot International.
Japanese missions to Baekje
Japanese missions to Baekje represent an aspect of the international relations of mutual Baekje-Japanese contacts and communication.  The bilateral exchanges were intermittent.

The unique nature of these bilateral diplomatic exchanges evolved from a conceptual framework developed by the Chinese.

369-375 — Yamato Japan and Baekje maintain yearly exchanges of ambassadors.

According to the Nihon Shoki, in the years 501-700 Japan sent 328 official missions to Baekje, 316 to Silla, 146 to Goguryeo, 193 to Imna (Mimana), 20 to Gaya, 20 to Tamna, and 5 to Samhan kingdoms. Exchanges of embassies with the Korean kingdoms of Baekje and Silla were critical for informing the Japanese of cultural developments on the continent.

Samhan
Samhan, or Three Hans (Korean: 삼한; Hanja: 三韓), is the collective name of the three confederacies: Byeonhan, Jinhan, and Mahan that emerged in the first century BCE during the Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea, or Samhan, period. Located in the central and southern regions of the Korean Peninsula, the Samhan confederacies eventually merged and developed into the Paekche, Silla kingdoms and Kaya confederacy. The name "Samhan" also refers to the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
Michael Houser
Michael Houser (January 6, 1962 – August 10, 2002) was an American guitarist known as a founding member and lead guitarist of the band Widespread Panic.  He appeared on seven studio albums during his 16-year tenure with the band from 1986 till 2002.  He is also featured on 4 live albums by Widespread Panic as well as several archive releases, live video concerts and compilations.  Two solo albums by Houser were released posthumously.

Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records Group Limited was a record label based in the United Kingdom and is, as of 2013, a subsidiary of BMG Rights Management solely for reissues. Until June 2007, it was the largest independent record label in the UK and the largest music management company in the world. It was also the world's largest independent owner of music intellectual property rights, with over 160,000 songs.
Optoelectric nuclear battery
An optoelectric nuclear battery (also radiophotovoltaic device, radioluminescent nuclear battery or radioisotope photovoltaic generator) is a type of nuclear battery in which nuclear energy is converted into light, which is then used to generate electrical energy. This is accomplished by letting the ionizing radiation emitted by the radioactive isotopes hit a luminescent material (scintillator or phosphor), which in turn emits photons that generate electricity upon striking a photovoltaic cell.

The technology was developed in 1961 by researchers at Eimac, at their San Carlos, CA facility, contracted by Sandia National Laboratories. The device was intended for use in satellites.

Excimer
An  excimer (originally short for excited dimer) is a short-lived polyatomic molecule formed from two species that do not form a stable molecule in the ground state. In this case, formation of molecules is possible only if such atom is in an electronic excited state. Heteronuclear molecules and molecules that have more than two species are also called exciplex molecules (originally short for excited complex). Excimers are often diatomic and are composed of two atoms or molecules that would not bond if both were in the ground state. The lifetime of an excimer is very short, on the order of nanoseconds.
Smart grid in the United States
Support for the smart grid in the United States became federal policy with passage of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. The law set out $100 million in funding per fiscal year from 2008 to 2012, established a matching program to states, utilities and consumers to build smart grid capabilities, and created a Grid Modernization Commission to assess the benefits of  demand response and to recommend needed protocol standards. The law also directed the National Institute of Standards and Technology to develop smart grid standards, which the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) would then promulgate through official rulemakings.

Smart grids received further support with the passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which set aside $4.5 billion of funding for Smart Grid development, deployment, and worker training.

Rulemaking
In administrative law in the United States, rulemaking is the process that executive and independent agencies use to create, or promulgate, regulations. In general, legislatures first set broad policy mandates by passing statutes, then agencies create more detailed regulations through rulemaking.

By bringing detailed scientific and other types of expertise to bear on policy, the rulemaking process has been the means by which some of the most far-reaching government regulations of the 20th century have been created. For example, science-based regulations are critical to modern programs for environmental protection, food safety, and workplace safety.  However, the growth in regulations has fueled criticism that the rulemaking process reduces the transparency and accountability of democratic government.
Paul E. Funk
Paul Edward Funk (born March 10, 1940) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as Commanding General, III Corps from 1993 to 1995. He is also the father of  Paul E. Funk II. He was previously Commanding General, U.S. Army Armor Center and Fort Knox from 1992 to 1993 and Commanding General, 3rd Armored Division during the Gulf War from 1990 to 1991.

Fort Irwin National Training Center
Fort Irwin National Training Center (Fort Irwin NTC) is a major training area for the United States military in the Mojave Desert in northern San Bernardino County, California. Fort Irwin is at an average elevation of 2,454 feet (748 m). It is located 37 miles (60 km) northeast of Barstow, in the Calico Mountains.

The National Training Center is part of the US Army Combined Arms Command (CAC). The opposing force at the National Training Center is the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, the Blackhorse Cavalry, who are stationed at the base to provide an opposing force to units on a training rotation at Fort Irwin. In September 2017, a state-of-the-art hospital was opened that provides healthcare services to the Fort Irwin beneficiaries.

Fort Irwin works within the R-2502 Special Use Airspace Complex.