hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preaching cross
A preaching cross is a Christian cross sometimes surmounting a pulpit, which is erected outdoors to designate a preaching place.

In Great Britain and Ireland, many free-standing upright crosses – or high crosses – were erected. Some of these crosses bear figurative or decorative carvings, or inscriptions in runes. There are surviving free-standing crosses in Cornwall and Wales, in the island of Iona and in the Hebrides, as well as those in Ireland. Other stone crosses are found in Lancashire, Cumbria and the Scottish Borders, some of these in the Anglo-Saxon cross making tradition, like the famous Ruthwell Cross. Whether these were especially associated with preaching is uncertain.  Later market crosses were generally not, although all sorts of public announcements, no doubt sometimes including preaching, took place beside them.

Market cross
A market cross, or in Scots, a mercat cross, is a structure used to mark a market square in market towns, where historically the right to hold a regular market or fair was granted by the monarch, a bishop or a baron.
Michael Stemmle
Michael J. Stemmle (born 1967) is a computer game writer, designer, and director who cocreated some of LucasArts' adventure games in the 1990s and early 2000s.

He joined LucasArts after graduating from Stanford University, where he honed his comedy skills writing halftime shows for the Stanford Band and skits for the annual stage musical Big Game Gaieties. After 14 years at LucasArts, he left following the 2004 collapse of Sam & Max Freelance Police and after a period of freelancing, joined Perpetual Entertainment, working as Story Lead for Star Trek Online. In February 2008, he joined a number of other ex-LucasArts employees at Telltale Games.  He had worked on the first version of The Wolf Among Us before it was redesigned, and contributed to Tales from the Borderlands before he left Telltale Games in May 2014.

Perpetual Entertainment
Perpetual Entertainment, founded in March 2002, was an American developer, publisher and operator of networked multiplayer games and MMORPGs. Their headquarters was located in San Francisco, California, United States. From October 2007 to February 2008 (following a transfer of assets) the company was known as P2 Entertainment. The company was best known for its development of two MMOs: Star Trek Online and Gods & Heroes: Rome Rising.
Pittsburgh Miners
The Pittsburgh Miners were a professional soccer club based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They were a member of the American Soccer League in 1975 but folded at the end of the season after finishing with a record of 1-16-3.  Joe Luxbacher was the top scorer with six goals and 4 assists
.

American Soccer League (1933–1983)
The American Soccer League has been a name used by four different professional soccer sports leagues in the United States. The second American Soccer League was established in summer 1933 following the collapse of the original American Soccer League, which lasted from 1921 until spring 1933. The new league was created on a smaller scale and with smaller budgets. This league existed until over-expansion and financial limitations led to its collapse in 1983. Two successor leagues later operated.
Tane Nikolov
Tane Nikolov (Bulgarian: Тане Николов; 9 March 1873 – 19 January 1947) was a Bulgarian revolutionary and member of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia, Thrace and Pomoravlje. He was among the leading members of the Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, Internal Western Outland Revolutionary Organisation and the leader of the Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation. Nikolov was also participant in the wars for National unification of Bulgaria.

Western Outlands
The Western (Bulgarian) Outlands (Bulgarian: Западни (български) покрайнини, romanized: Zapadni (bălgarski) pokrajnini) is a term used in Bulgarian to denote several regions located in ex-Yugoslavia, today southeastern Serbia and southeastern North Macedonia, that were traditionally part of Bulgaria and which were predominantly inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians (Bulgarians in Serbia, Bulgarians in North Macedonia).

The territories in question were ceded by Bulgaria to the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1920 as a result of the Treaty of Neuilly, following World War I. According to the 2022 Serbian census, two municipalities, Bosilegrad and Dimitrovgrad, are populated primarily by ethnic Bulgarians.
Quadratic mean diameter
In forestry, quadratic mean diameter or QMD is a measure of central tendency which is considered more appropriate than arithmetic mean for characterizing the group of trees which have been measured. For n trees, QMD is calculated using the quadratic mean formula:

where  is the diameter at breast height of the ith tree. Compared to the arithmetic mean, QMD assigns greater weight to larger trees – QMD is always greater than or equal to arithmetic mean for a given set of trees.  QMD can be used in timber cruises to estimate the standing volume of timber in a forest, because it has the practical advantage of being directly related to basal area, which in turn is directly related to volume.
QMD can also be calculated as:

where BA is stand basal area, n is the number of trees, and k is a constant based on measurement units - for BA in ft2 and QMD in inches, k=0.005454; for BA in m2 and QMD in cm, k=0.00007854.

Central tendency
In statistics, a central tendency (or measure of central tendency) is a central or typical value for a probability distribution.

Colloquially, measures of central tendency are often called averages. The term central tendency dates from the late 1920s.

The most common measures of central tendency are the arithmetic mean, the median, and the mode.  A middle tendency can be calculated for either a finite set of values or for a theoretical distribution, such as the normal distribution. Occasionally authors use central tendency to denote "the tendency of quantitative data to cluster around some central value."

The central tendency of a distribution is typically contrasted with its dispersion or variability; dispersion and central tendency are the often characterized properties of distributions. Analysis may judge whether data has a strong or a weak central tendency based on its dispersion.
Jovan Albanez
Jovan Albanez (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Албанез; fl. 1711–d. c. 1732) or Ivan Albanez  (Serbian, Russian: Иван Албанез, Ukrainian: Іван Албанез) c. 1732) was a military officer of Montenegrin Serb origin who led the first group of colonists from the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy to the Russian Empire in the first half of the 18th century.

Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
The Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral of the Serbian Orthodox Church (Serbian: Црногорско-приморска митрополија Српске православне цркве, romanized: Crnogorsko-primorska mitropolija Srpske pravoslavne crkve) is the largest eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church in modern Montenegro. Founded in 1219 by Saint Sava as the Eparchy of Zeta, it has continued to exist, without interruption, up to the present time, and has remained one of the most prominent dioceses of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The current Metropolitan bishop is Joanikije II. His official title is "Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral" (Serbian: Црногорско-приморски митрополит, romanized: Crnogorsko-primorski mitropolit).
Sandefjord Cove
Sandefjord Cove (sometimes called Sandefjord Bay) is a cove between Cape Ingrid and the terminus of Tofte Glacier on the west side of Peter I Island. A Norwegian expedition under Eyvind Tofte circumnavigated Peter I Island in the Odd I in 1927. In February 1929, the Norvegia under Nils Larsen carried out a series of investigations all around the island, landing on February 2 to hoist the Norwegian flag. The cove was named for Sandefjord, Norway, center of the Norwegian whaling industry.

Framnes Head is a small rock point forming one of the headlands of the cove. dIt was charted and named by Larsen's expedition. It is steep and rugged, composed of lava and basaltic tuff. When members of the US Navy Second Antarctic Development Project landed there in 1948, they discovered a small colony of Adelie penguins.

SS Odd I
Odd I was a 156 GRT Norwegian whaler, launched in 1912 as Dominion II. She was renamed Odd I in 1921 and retained that name until 1963 when she became Annstein, except for a period during World War II when she served as a Vorpostenboot for the German Kriegsmarine under the name Orkan. She was condemned in 1971 and was deleted from the Norwegian Ship Register on 15 March 1971.
HHU
HHU refer to:

Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf, Germany

History Hub Ulster, archivists, research group, Northern Ireland

Hohai University in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Huaihua University in Huaihua, Hunan, China

Huaihua University
Huaihua University (Chinese: 怀化学院; lit. 'Huaihua College') is a provincial public college in Huaihua, Hunan, China.

As of fall 2019, the university has 2 campuses, a combined student body of 18,057 students, 867 faculty members. The university consists of 21 departments, with 49 specialties for undergraduates. At present, the university has 6 research institutions and research centres.
Gradnitsa, Dobrich Province
Gradnitsa, Dobrich Province is a village in Tervel Municipality, Dobrich Province, in northeastern Bulgaria.

The village has 352 inhabitants as of 2011 and is mainly inhabited by ethnic  Turks. Most people are  Muslim.

Islam in Bulgaria
Islam in Bulgaria is a minority religion and the second largest religion in the country after Christianity. According to the 2021 Census, the total number of Muslims in Bulgaria stood at 638,708 corresponding to 9.8% of the population. Ethnically, Muslims in Bulgaria are Turks, Bulgarians and Roma, living mainly in parts of northeastern Bulgaria (mainly in Razgrad, Targovishte, Shumen and Silistra Provinces) and in the Rhodope Mountains (mainly in Kardzhali Province and Smolyan Province).
Secret Quest
Secret Quest is a 1989 action-adventure game developed by Axlon and published by Atari Corporation for the Atari 2600. The player controls a humanoid character that fights monsters and gathers items on a series of space stations. It was one of the last cartridges released for the console and has a larger ROM capacity than most 2600 games plus a small amount of RAM. The box credits Nolan Bushnell for the game and includes his photo on both the front and back. According to Secret Quest programmer Steve DeFrisco, "Atari thought that his name would entice people to buy some more 2600 titles".

Nolan Bushnell
Nolan Kay Bushnell (born February 5, 1943) is an American businessman and electrical engineer. He established Atari, Inc., and the Chuck E. Cheese chain. He has been inducted into the Video Game Hall of Fame and the Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame, received the BAFTA Fellowship and the Nations Restaurant News "Innovator of the Year" award and was named one of Newsweek's "50 Men Who Changed America". He has started more than 20 companies and is one of the founding fathers of the video game industry. He is on the board of Anti-Aging Games. In 2012, he founded an educational software company called Brainrush that uses video game technology in educational software.

He is credited with Bushnell's Law, an aphorism about games that are "easy to learn and difficult to master" being rewarding.
Brendan (novel)
Brendan is the eleventh novel by the American author and theologian, Frederick Buechner. It was first published in 1987 by Atheneum, New York, and it won the Christianity and Literature Book Award for Belles-Lettres in the same year.

Belles-lettres
Belles-lettres (French pronunciation: [bɛl lɛtʁ]) is a category of writing, originally meaning beautiful or fine writing. In the modern narrow sense, it is a label for literary works that do not fall into the major categories such as fiction, poetry, or drama. The phrase is sometimes used pejoratively for writing that focuses on the aesthetic qualities of language rather than its practical application. A writer of belles-lettres is a belletrist.
Ribadelago
Ribadelago is a village located in province of Zamora, Spain. It is in the Galende municipality. It was partially destroyed in 1959 due to a dam failure in Vega de Tera reservoir, which caused 144 deaths.

Province of Zamora
The Province of Zamora (Spanish: Provincia de Zamora, Spanish pronunciation: [θaˈmoɾa]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, León, Valladolid, and Salamanca, and by Portugal.

The present-day province of Zamora was one of three provinces formed from the former Kingdom of León in 1833, when Spain was reorganized into 49 provinces. Of the 166,253 people in the province, nearly a third live in the capital, Zamora. The province has 248 municipalities.
Canton (surname)
Canton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce Dal Canton (1941–2008), American baseball player

Frank M. Canton (1849–1927), American gunslinger

Gloria Begué Cantón (1931–2016), Spanish professor, jurist, senator and magistrate

Isaac Berechiah Canton (fl. 18th century), Italian Talmudist

John Canton (1718–1772), English physicist

Mark Canton (born 1949), American film executive and producer

Neil Canton (born 1948), American film producer

William Canton (1845–1926), British writer

Neil Canton
Neil Canton (born 30 May 1948) is an American film producer from New York City best known for his work on the Back to the Future trilogy. Canton currently serves as an instructor and mentor at the American Film Institute Conservatory as a member of the Producing faculty.
J. H. Hamilton
John H. Hamilton (December 20, 1897 – November 11, 1965) was a Negro league infielder in the 1920s.

Hamilton made his Negro leagues debut in 1924 with the Washington Potomacs. He went on to play for the Indianapolis ABCs and Cleveland Elites, and finished his career in 1927 with the Birmingham Black Barons.

Washington Potomacs
The Washington Potomacs were a Negro league baseball team in the Eastern Colored League, based in Washington, D.C., in 1924. They also operated as an independent team in 1923. In 1925 the Potomacs moved to Wilmington, Delaware where they played as the Wilmington Potomacs for the 1925 season. In mid-July, George Robinson, owner of the Potomacs, announced that his team was folding and was unable to complete the season. The league contracted to seven teams and the Potomacs players were dispersed to other teams.
Chengelo Secondary School
Chengelo School is a co-educational Christian, early learning, primary and secondary, boarding, independent school, located in Mkushi in the Central Province of Zambia. The multi-campus site has a primary campus, adjacent to a secondary campus. Chengelo has a wide-range of academic and sporting offerings, including a training farm dedicated to Agriculture education.

Mkushi
Mkushi is a town in the Central Province of Zambia, located on the T2 road (Great North Road) and the TAZARA Railway, north-east of Kapiri Mposhi. The Changwena Falls and Fort Elwes (built-in 1896 by European gold prospectors) lie nearby. Mkushi is well known within Zambia for its commercial farms and is where Chengelo School is situated.
Come Look at Me
Come Look at Me... (Russian: "Приходи на меня посмотреть...", romanized: Prikhodi na menya posmotret) is a 2000 Russian romantic comedy directed by Oleg Yankovsky and Mikhail Agranovich. The film was Yankovsky's sole directorial effort.  Oleg Yankovsky won the award for Best Actor at Kinotavr.

Kinotavr
Kinotavr (Russian: Кинотавр), also known as the Sochi Open Russian Film Festival was an open film festival held in the resort city of Sochi, Russia annually in June since 1991, until it was cancelled in the wake of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Alexander Rodnyansky said: "This year the festival will not take place, it will be rescheduled for a period when we survive the current political events and can return to the cinema, including to understand what happened to the country and to all of us."

From 1994 to 2005 the festival consisted of two parts: the Open Russian Film Festival (ORFF) and the International Film Festival (IFF). As of 2008 it was the largest national film festival in Russia. There is a second film festival, known as Sochi International Film Festival and Awards.

The word Kinotavr is a portmanteau (in Russian) of "Cinema" and "...taur" (as in Centaur or Minotaur).
2011 Dubai Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
Nuria Llagostera Vives and María José Martínez Sánchez were the defending champions, but  decided not to participate together.
Llagostera Vives partnered up with Anastasia Rodionova, but they lost to Daniela Hantuchová and Agnieszka Radwańska in the first round.
Martínez Sánchez played alongside Liezel Huber and they ended up winning in the final against Květa Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik 7–6(5), 6–3.

Nuria Llagostera Vives
Nuria Llagostera Vives (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnuɾja ʎaɣosˈteɾa ˈβiβes]; born 16 May 1980) is a Spanish former tennis player. In June 2005, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 35. In November 2009, she peaked at No. 5 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Philip Gore, 4th Earl of Arran
Philip Yorke Gore, 4th Earl of Arran KP (23 November 1801 – 25 June 1884), known as Philip Gore until 1837, was an Anglo-Irish peer and diplomat.

Born at Dublin Castle, Arran was the eldest son of Colonel the Hon. William John Gore, second son of Arthur Gore, 2nd Earl of Arran, and his wife Caroline, daughter of Sir Thomas Hales, 4th Baronet.

In 1820 Gore was sent as attaché to the British embassy in Stockholm, was transferred to Paris in 1825 and to Lisbon a year later. In 1828 he was promoted to secretary of legation in Buenos Aires where he was chargé d'affaires 1832–34. He succeeded his uncle Arthur as earl in 1837 and was made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick in 1841.

Lord Arran married Elizabeth Marianne Napier, second daughter of Sir William Francis Patrick Napier, in 1838. They had two sons and three daughters. He died in June 1884, aged 82, and was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son Arthur. Lady Arran died in 1899.

He owned 36,000 acres in Mayo and Donegal.

Legation
A legation was a diplomatic representative office of lower rank than an embassy. Whereas an embassy was headed by an ambassador, a legation was headed by a minister. Ambassadors outranked ministers and had precedence at official events. Legations were originally the most common form of diplomatic mission, but they fell out of favor after World War II and were upgraded to embassies.
Julia Pleshkova
Julia Mikhaylovna Pleshkova (Russian: Юлия Михайловна Плешкова; born 17 May 1997) is a Russian World Cup alpine ski racer from Yelizovo, Russia. She made her World Cup debut on 23 February 2019 in Crans-Montana, Switzerland.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Nontuela
Nontuela is a town (Spanish: pueblo) located in the northwestern part of Futrono commune, southern Chile. The town lies about 10 km northwest of Ranco Lake and only about 3 km west of the Andean foothills.

Precordillera
Precordillera is a Spanish geographical term for hills and mountains lying before a greater range, similar to foothills. The term is derived from cordillera (mountain range)—literally "pre-mountain range"—and applied usually to the Andes.

Some places usually called precordillera are:

Andean mountains east of the main ranges of Andes in Argentina. It is separated from the much higher Frontal Cordillera to the west by Uspallata Valley in Argentina. Precordillera mountains reach around 3,000 m a.s.l. in Sierras de Villavicencio.

Used all over Chile from north to south as a morphological unit lying just between the Andes and the Intermediate Depression.
Tarañes
Tarañes (Spanish: Taranes) is one of nine parishes (administrative divisions) in Ponga, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 69 (INE 2007).

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Global Broadcast Service
The Global Broadcast Service (GBS) is a  broadcast service  rapidly transferring information, which may be classified, for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and its deployed and garrisoned units worldwide. Information may include video and digital data. GBS has become a critical piece of the DoD's intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance architecture.  An advancement in satellite communications, GBS fills two key military communications requirements:

High data rates to many users at once

High data rates to very small, low-cost user receive-only terminals

Bit rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo (1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s), mega (1 Mbit/s = 1,000 kbit/s), giga (1 Gbit/s = 1,000 Mbit/s) or tera (1 Tbit/s = 1,000 Gbit/s). The non-standard abbreviation bps is often used to replace the standard symbol bit/s, so that, for example, 1 Mbps is used to mean one million bits per second.

In most computing and digital communication environments, one byte per second (symbol: B/s) corresponds to 8 bit/s (1 byte = 8 bits).  However if stop bits, start bits, and parity bits need to be factored in, a higher number of bits per second will be required to achieve a throughput of the same number of bytes.
Khagaria Junction railway station
Khagaria Junction railway station (station code: KGG) is a railway station in the Sonpur railway division of East Central Railway. Khagaria Station is located in Khagaria block in Khagaria district in the Indian state of Bihar.

As of 2024, Khagaria Junction station is one of six stops along the route of Indian Railways' new Jalpaiguri-Patna Vande Bharat Express train.

Khagaria district
Khagaria district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Khagaria. Earlier it was a part of Munger District as a sub-division that was created in 1943–44. It was upgraded to the status of a district on 10 May 1981. Khagaria district is a part of Munger Division.

The present collector and District Magistrate of Khagaria is Amit Kumar Pandey, IAS and the current S.P. of Khagaria is Chandan Kumar Kushwaha, IPS.