hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italia suburbicaria
Italia suburbicaria ("Italy under the authority of the urbs", i.e. Rome) was a vicariate of the late Roman Empire established by Constantine I (306–337).

It included south-central Italy and the islands of Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. Its capital was Rome, where the vicarius urbis Romae, the highest civil authority of the vicariate, had its seat.

Laterculus Veronensis
The Laterculus Veronensis or Verona List is a list of Roman provinces and barbarian peoples from the time of the emperors Diocletian and Constantine I, most likely from AD 314.

The list is transmitted only in a 7th-century manuscript preserved in the Chapter Library of Verona. The most recent critical edition is that of Timothy Barnes (1982). Earlier editions include those by Theodor Mommsen (1862), Otto Seeck in his edition of the Notitia dignitatum (1876), and Alexander Riese in his Geographi Latini minores (1878).
2025 Gunich Village raid in Khash
The Gunich Village raid in Khash was a coordinated raid by Iranian Security Forces on the village of Gunich in the Khash city on 1 July 2025, which resulted in the deaths of 2 women, namely "Khan Bibi Bamri" and "Lal Bibi Bamri" along with the injury of 10 others. The raid was orchestrated by Iranian forces, including units and State security forces. According to human rights organizations and other media outlets, 2 women were killed, 10 were injured and more than 50 arrested. The raid on Gonich has been interpreted as part of a broader pattern of state violence to suppress protests in the name of counterinsurgency in Iran. Analysts have drawn parallels to the 2022 "Bloody Friday" incident in Zahedan, during which Iranian security forces fatally shot dozens of Balochi protesters.

Zahedan
Zahedan (Balochi and Persian: زاهدانⓘ; [zɒːheˈd̪ɒːn]) is a city in the Central District of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is near the borderlands between Iran and Pakistan in an area inhabited by Baloch people.
Salicylate 1-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a salicylate 1-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

salicylate + NADH + 2 H+ + O2  catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are salicylate, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its 4 products are catechol, NAD+, H2O, and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene degradation, naphthalene and anthracene degradation, and fluorene degradation.  It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Ferenc Berkes
Ferenc Berkes (born 8 August 1985) is a Hungarian chess grandmaster. He is an eight-time Hungarian Chess Champion, winning in 2004, 2007, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2018.

In 2002, he was World Under 18 Champion.

In 2004 he tied for 4th–16th in the 3rd Aeroflot Open in Moscow.

He took part in the Chess World Cup 2011, but was eliminated in the second round by Zahar Efimenko.

He tied 3rd to 11th place in the 2019 European Individual Championship with Kacper Piorun, David Anton Guijarro, Niclas Huschenbeth, Sergei Movsesian, Liviu-Dieter Nisipeanu, Grigoriy Oparin, Maxim Rodshtein, and Eltaj Safarli.

In the Chess World Cup 2023, Berkes (82nd seed) reached the round of 16 by defeating 18th seed Nikita Vitiugov in the third round and Ruslan Ponomariov in the fourth round.

Chess World Cup 2023
The Chess World Cup 2023 was a 206-player single-elimination chess tournament that took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 30 July to 24 August 2023. It was the 10th edition of the Chess World Cup. The winner, runner-up and third-place finisher of the tournament (Magnus Carlsen, R Praggnanandhaa and Fabiano Caruana) earned the right to the play in the 2024 Candidates Tournament. In January 2024, Carlsen withdrew from the Candidates tournament, with the fourth-place finisher from the World Cup (Nijat Abasov) qualifying in his place. The tournament was held in parallel with the Women's Chess World Cup 2023.

Jan-Krzysztof Duda was the defending champion. He lost in the fifth round (last 16) to Fabiano Caruana.
Dee Luong
Dee Luong (born March 29, 1968) is a professional poker player from Henderson, Nevada. She made a final table of the World Series of Poker in 2003 and was featured in 2007 on the NBC television program Poker After Dark.

World Series of Poker
The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Paradise, Nevada, and since 2004, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment. It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best-known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.

As of 2020, the WSOP consists of 101 events, with most major poker variants featured. Events traditionally take place during one day or over several consecutive days during the series in June and July.

The 2024 WSOP was held at the Horseshoe and Paris Las Vegas, and saw record-breaking attendance for the Main Event tournament. In August 2024, Caesars Entertainment announced it had sold the WSOP brand to GGPoker operator NSUS Group for $500 million.
Barakat-Perenthaler syndrome
Barakat-Perenthaler syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder, presenting with a severe epileptic encephalopathy, developmental delay, Intellectual disability, progressive microcephaly and visual disturbance. It is listed by the standard reference, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) as #618744. and classified as EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY, EARLY INFANTILE, 83; EIEE83. It was first described in 2019 by Dr. Stefan Barakat and his team at the Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam in the journal  Acta Neuropathologica; the most recent reviews were published in Epilepsy Currents. and Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism

Acta Neuropathologica
Acta Neuropathologica is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of neuropathology published by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1961 and the editor-in-chief is Johannes Attems (Newcastle University).
Dona Zica
Euzébia Silva de Oliveira, better known as Dona Zica (6 February 1913 – 22 January 2003), was a Brazilian samba dancer at the Mangueira Samba school in Rio de Janeiro, who went on to play an important role in the Mangueira favela.

Mangueira
Mangueira (Mango Tree) is a shantytown neighborhood (favela) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, centered on the Mangueira hill or morro. It is most famous for its samba school, the Estação Primeira de Mangueira (First Mangueira [train] Station) or simply Mangueira, which is one of strongest competitors in the annual Rio Carnival samba competition.
Metal Gear Solid Touch
Metal Gear Solid Touch (Japanese: メタルギアソリッド タッチ, Hepburn: Metaru Gia Soriddo Tatchi) is a third-person shooter video game for iOS developed by Kojima Productions and published by Konami worldwide. Announced on December 16, 2008, Metal Gear Solid Touch is based on Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots.  It was released on the App Store for select regions on March 18, 2009.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
Paul Bäumer
This article deals with Paul Bäumer the pilot. For the fictional Paul Bäumer, see All Quiet on the Western Front. For the late member of electronic music group Bingo Players, see Bingo Players

Paul Wilhelm Bäumer (11 May 1896 – 15 July 1927), also known as The Iron Eagle, was a German fighter ace in World War I. Bäumer died in an air crash at Copenhagen on 15 July 1927, age 31, while test flying a Rohrbach Ro IX fighter. Rohrbach's test pilot had already been involved in a spinning accident, and Bäumer, acting as a freelance test pilot, continued the testing and died after the aircraft entered a spin and crashed in the Øresund.

Bingo Players
Bingo Players is a Dutch dance and electro house musical project fronted by DJ and record producer Maarten Hoogstraten (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmaːrtə(n) ˈɦoːxstraːtə(n)]). Bingo Players was originally a duo, which included Paul Bäumer, who died from cancer in 2013. After the death of Bäumer, Hoogstraten announced that Bäumer had wished for him to continue under the Bingo Players name. They are best known for their songs "Cry (Just a Little)" and "Rattle". "Cry (Just a Little)" was a top-40 hit in the Netherlands, Belgium, United Kingdom and other parts of Europe and Australia. Bingo Players were ranked number 52 in DJ Mag's Top 100 DJs list for 2013.
Wheelchair tennis at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair tennis events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held between 8 and 16 September at Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio. This was the seventh full Paralympic wheelchair tennis competition since the event was introduced in 1992, having been a demonstration event in 1988.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
Newmark
Newmark is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Newmark, American musician

Bobby Newmark, fictional character in novel

Brooks Newmark (born 1958), British politician, Member of Parliament for Braintree

Craig Newmark, founder of Craigslist

Dave Newmark, former basketball player

Harris Newmark, former businessman and historian

Joseph Newmark (1799–1881), Prussian-born American rabbi.

Nathan M. Newmark, structural engineer

Peter Newmark (1916–2011), an English professor of translation

Andy Newmark
Andrew Newmark (born July 14, 1950) is an American session drummer who was a member of Sly and the Family Stone and has played with George Harrison, John Lennon, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, Carly Simon, Ron Wood and Roxy Music. Sly Stone, in his memoir Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin), called Newmark the best drummer he had ever worked with.
Albert Almoznino
Albert Almoznino (Hebrew: אלברט אלמוזנינו; March 3, 1923 – April 7, 2020) was an Israeli hand shadow artist. He gained international recognition in the years 1958-1975 when he performed his hand shadow skills in front of thousands of people at Radio City Music Hall New York, Paris Olympia, Reno Nevada, "The Ed Sullivan Show" and other places.

The Ed Sullivan Show
The Ed Sullivan Show is an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to March 28, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie.

In 2002, The Ed Sullivan Show was ranked No. 15 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the series finished No. 31 in TV Guide Magazine's 60 Best Series of All Time.
Inverlochy Castle Hotel
Inverlochy Castle Hotel, formerly known as Inverlochy Castle, is a 19th-century baronial mansion near Fort William, Scotland. It is located about two miles away from the 13th century Inverlochy Castle, after which it was named.  This is a baronial mansion was built in 1863 by William Scarlett, 3rd Baron Abinger, soon after succeeding his father as Baron Abinger in 1861. Queen Victoria spent a week at Inverlochy during an 1873 visit to Balmoral, remarking "I never saw a lovelier or more romantic spot". The house and estate were sold in 1944 to a Canadian entrepreneur, Joseph Hobbs, the owner of the nearby Ben Nevis distillery. Upon inheriting the estate, Hobbs' son converted the house into a hotel, which opened for the first guests in 1969.

It was voted the number 17 "best hotel in Europe" by Travel + Leisure magazine in 2001.

Travel + Leisure
Travel + Leisure is a travel magazine based in New York City, New York. Published 12 times a year, it has 4.8 million readers, according to its corporate media kit. It is published by People Inc., a subsidiary of IAC, with trademark rights belonging to Travel + Leisure Co., a timeshare company that licenses its trademark to IAC.  Its main competitor is Condé Nast Traveler.
Everywhere We Go
Everywhere We Go is the fifth studio album by American country music singer Kenny Chesney. It was released on March 2, 1999, via BNA Records. The first in his career to be certified double platinum for sales of two million copies, it produced four singles with "How Forever Feels", "You Had Me from Hello", "She Thinks My Tractor's Sexy", and "What I Need to Do". The first two singles were Number One hits on the Billboard country charts and were also Kenny's first Top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, "She Thinks My Tractor's Sexy" was a number 11 hit on that same chart, and "What I Need to Do" a number eight. The singles "You Had Me from Hello" and "She Thinks My Tractor's Sexy" were both certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). This was Chesney's first album to feature a crossover-friendly country-pop sound, which was a departure from his earlier neotraditional country albums.

BNA Records
BNA Records, formerly known as BNA Entertainment, was a label group that shared ties with Arista Nashville and RCA Nashville from parent company Sony Music Nashville, which itself is a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment. Based in Nashville, Tennessee, BNA featured country music acts on its roster. The company derived its name from the IATA and ICAO airport codes for Nashville International Airport.

The label was founded by Boomer Castleman, who sold it to BMG Music in 1993. The first act signed was B. B. Watson.

In August 2011, Sony Nashville announced a major corporate restructuring which included the merger of Columbia Nashville into BNA. The BNA name was retired in June 2012, with the last remaining artists moving to a newly re-established Columbia Nashville.
Diocese of Lethe
The Diocese of Lethe (Latin: Dioecesis Letaea), was a bishopric of the Roman province of Macedonia Prima in the civil diocese of the same name. Lethe was located in the area of Aïvati (Khaïvati), which is situated west of Lake Koroneia in Greece. The bishopric was a suffragan of the archbishopric of Thessalonica.

Metropolis of Thessaloniki
The Metropolis of Thessaloniki (Greek: Ιερά Μητρόπολις Θεσσαλονίκης) is a Greek Orthodox metropolitan see based in the city of Thessaloniki in Central Macedonia, Greece. It is part of the so-called "New Lands", belonging to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople but being administered by the Church of Greece. The see traces its history to its foundation by the Apostle Paul in the 1st century. Since 2023, the incumbent metropolitan is Filotheos Theocharis.
2017 Australian Formula Ford Series
The 2017 Australian Formula Ford Series was an Australian motor racing series open to Formula Ford and Formula Ford 1600 cars. It was the 48th Australian Formula Ford Series and was sanctioned by the Australian Auto Sport Alliance (AASA).

The series was won by Max Vidau driving a Mygale SJ1019.

Australian Auto Sport Alliance
The Australian Auto-Sport Alliance (AASA) is an organisation that promotes and administers motorsport in Australia founded in 2003. The AASA formed due to dissatisfaction with the governing body of Australian motorsport, the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS, now Motorsport Australia), and organises race meetings independent of Motorsport Australia. A wholly owned subsidiary of the Benalla Auto Club, who also own Winton Motor Raceway, the association sanctions motor sport in various categories.
EEVE
EEVE is a Belgian company that develops and produces personal robots.

Since its foundation in 2017, EEVE has used two alternative names: AIRobots (2017) and The Toadi Order (2018–2020).

EEVE's  flagship product, the perimeter-free lawn robot Willow, is a robot capable of mowing lawns and conducting surveillance, with the ability to equip additional tools and operate solely on computer vision and artificial intelligence. Willow was introduced in the United States via a Kickstarter campaign in 2020 with object recognition and security features. The first test robot deliveries in the US occurred in 2023.

Core product
A core product is a company's primary promotion, service or product that can be purchased by a consumer.  Core products may be integrated into end products, either by the company producing the core product or by other companies to which the core product is sold.
Adolf Schwarz
Adolf Schwarz (31 October 1836, Gálszécs, Hungary, now Sečovce, Slovakia – 25 October 1910, Vienna) was an Austro-Hungarian chess master.

He took 10th in the Vienna 1873 chess tournament (Wilhelm Steinitz and Joseph Henry Blackburne won). In 1878, he took 2nd, behind Louis Paulsen, in Frankfurt. In 1879, he took 3rd in Leipzig (1st DSB-Congress, Berthold Englisch won). In 1880, he tied for 1st–3rd with Blackburne and Englisch in Wiesbaden. In 1880, he tied for 1st–3rd with Max Weiss and Johannes Minckwitz in Graz. In 1880, he tied for 3rd–5th in Braunschweig. In 1882, he took 3rd in Vienna (Vincenz Hruby won), and tied for 12–13th in the Vienna 1882 chess tournament (Wilhelm Steinitz and Szymon Winawer won).

Adolf Schwarz won matches against Minkwitz (+3 -2 =4) in 1878, and against Winawer (+3 -1 =0) in 1880.

Joseph Henry Blackburne
Joseph Henry Blackburne (10 December 1841 – 1 September 1924) was a British chess player. Nicknamed "The Black Death", he dominated the British scene during the latter part of the 19th century. Blackburne learned the game at the relatively late age of 17 or 18, but he quickly became a strong player and went on to develop a professional chess career that spanned over 50 years. At one point he was one of the world's leading players, with a string of tournament victories behind him, and popularised chess by giving simultaneous and blindfold displays around the country. Blackburne also published a collection of his own games.
Walter Keeler (studio potter)
Walter Keeler (born 1942) is a British studio potter and was professor of Ceramics at the University of the West of England from 1994 to 2002. Keeler makes salt glaze pottery influenced by early Staffordshire Creamware.

Keeler was born in London and attended Harrow School of Art, London from 1958 until 1963 where he was trained by Michael Casson. He established his first pottery at Bledlow Bridge, Buckinghamshire in 1965 and in 1976 he moved his studio to Penallt Wales, where he lives with his wife Madoline. Writer Oliver Watson described him as "one of the most important and influential potters of the 1980's"

Keelers work is held in a number of public collections including Victoria & Albert Museum, National Museum Wales, American Craft Museum, New York, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, USA and the Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo.

Keeler is the president of the South Wales Potters and in 2007  was named Welsh Artist of the Year.

Salt glaze pottery
Salt-glaze or salt glaze pottery is pottery, usually stoneware, with a ceramic glaze of glossy, translucent and slightly orange-peel-like texture which was formed by throwing common salt into the kiln during the higher temperature part of the firing process. Sodium from the salt reacts with silica in the clay body to form a glassy coating of sodium silicate. The glaze may be colourless or may be coloured various shades of brown (from iron oxide), blue (from cobalt oxide), or purple (from manganese oxide).

Except for its use by a few studio potters, the process is obsolete. Before its demise, in the face of environmental clean air restrictions, it was last used in the production of salt-glazed sewer-pipes. The only commercial pottery in the UK currently licensed to produce salt glaze pottery is Errington Reay at Bardon Mill in Northumberland which was founded in 1878.
The Big Heat (album)
The Big Heat is the debut solo album by American musician Stan Ridgway (former Wall of Voodoo vocalist), released in 1986 by I.R.S. Records. Named after the 1953 film noir of the same name, the original release consisted of nine songs, including the No. 4 UK hit "Camouflage". In 1986, the album reached No. 131 on the Billboard 200. The album was re-released in 1993 with six additional tracks and again re-released in 2007.

The Big Heat
The Big Heat is a 1953 American film noir directed by Fritz Lang starring Glenn Ford, Gloria Grahame, and Jocelyn Brando about a cop who takes on the crime syndicate that controls his city.

William P. McGivern's serial in The Saturday Evening Post, published as a novel in 1953, was the basis for the screenplay, written by former crime reporter Sydney Boehm.

The film was selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011.
Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies
Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies (HALS) is the archival department of Hertfordshire County Council. HALS is a joint service of Hertfordshire County Record Office and the Hertfordshire Country Local Studies Library.

Hertfordshire County Council
Hertfordshire County Council is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Hertfordshire, in England. The council was created in 1889. It is responsible for a wide range of public services in the county, including social care, transport, education, and the Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service. The Liberal Democrats have held a plurality of the seats on the council since May 2025, and currently run the council as a minority administration. The council meets and has its main offices at Robertson House in Stevenage.
Mount Pisgah (Massachusetts)
Mount Pisgah is the highest point in Northborough, Massachusetts.

Features of the land include:

Hardwood forest on former farmland

Two scenic vistas to the east and Boston, MA skyscrapers visible on a clear day

Connection to trails in Berlin, MA

92 acres (370,000 m2) of land owned by MassWildlife

Berlin, Massachusetts
Berlin (/ˈbɜːrlɪn/ BUR-lin) is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The town was first settled in 1665 and incorporated in 1812, and is governed under the open town meeting system. It is located 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Worcester and 29 miles (47 km) west of Boston. The population was 3,158 at the 2020 census.