hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newmark's shrew
Newmark's shrew (Crocidura newmarki) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Tanzania.

It is restricted to Mt. Meru, where it is one of two endemic mammals, alongside Verhagen's brush-furred rat (Lophuromys verhageni). It inhabits montane forest and heath above the treeline. It has a head to rump length of 65–85 millimetres (2.6–3.3 in), a tail of 45–60 millimetres (1.8–2.4 in) and a weight of 6–11 grams (0.21–0.39 oz). The hairs are gray with brown tips. It is named in honor of American conservation biologist William Newmark, who conducted significant research into the biodiversity of Tanzania.

It is considered near threatened as its mountain habitats may be threatened in the future by climate change, and possibly disturbance from tourism.

Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.
Fu Kuiqing
Fu Kuiqing (Chinese: 傅奎清; 28 November 1920 – 28 August 2022) was a lieutenant general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the Nanjing Military Region from 1985 to 1990. He was a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress and was a member of the Standing Committee of the 7th National People's Congress. He was a representative of the 10th, 12th, and 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from September 1982 to November 1987. It held seven plenary sessions. It was succeeded by the 13th Central Committee. It elected the 12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1982.
Chandrabindu
Chandrabindu (Sanskrit: चन्द्रबिन्दु; IAST: candrabindu, lit. 'moon dot') is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil (◌𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada (◌ಁ), Malayalam (◌ഁ), Sinhala (◌ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.

It usually means that the previous vowel is nasalized.

In Hindi, it is replaced in writing by anusvara when it is written above a consonant that carries a vowel symbol that extends above the top line.

In Classical Sanskrit, it seems to occur only over a lla, yya, or vva conjunct consonant, to show that it is pronounced as a nasalized double l, y, or v which occurs if they have become assimilated in sandhi.

In Vedic Sanskrit, it is used instead of anusvara to represent the sound anunasika when the next word starts with a vowel. It usually occurs where in earlier times a word ended in -ans.

Gujarati script
The Gujarati script (ગુજરાતી લિપિ Gujarātī lipi) is an abugida for the Gujarati language, Kutchi language, and various other languages. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. It is a variant of the Devanagari script differentiated by the loss of the Shirorekhā, the characteristic horizontal line running above the letters and by a number of modifications to some characters.

Gujarati numerical digits are also different from their Devanagari counterparts.
Al-Hamraa Subdistrict
Al-Hamraa Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية الحمراء)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Hama District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Hamraa Subdistrict had a population of 32,604 in the 2004 census.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
John Charles Fox
Sir John Charles Fox (1855 – 1943), eldest son of John Fox, solicitor, was born on 29 May 1855. In 1880, he married Mary Louisa, second daughter of John Sutherland Valentine, C. E. Fox had three sons and three daughters. He liked to play golf. He was educated at Kensington Grammar School. He was admitted a solicitor in 1876 and was a member of the firm Hare and Co., agents for the Treasury Solicitor, from 1881 to 1891. He became a Chief Clerk in the Chancery Division in 1891, the title of this office being changed to Master in 1897. He became Senior Master in 1917 and retired in 1921. He was knighted in the New Year Honours of 1921.

He was one of the editors of the Yearly Supreme Court Practice. He is the author of Handbook of English Law Reports (1913). It is a "detailed monograph". Fox was also author of The History of Contempt of Court (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1927; reprinted by Professional Books, London, 1972).

Government Legal Department
The Government Legal Department (previously called the Treasury Solicitor's Department) is the largest in-house legal organisation in the United Kingdom's Government Legal Profession.

The department is headed by the Treasury Solicitor (formally, 'The Solicitor for the affairs of His Majesty's Treasury'). This office goes back several centuries. The office was enshrined in law by the Treasury Solicitor Act 1876 (39 & 40 Vict. c. 18), which established the Treasury Solicitor as a corporation sole (an office with perpetual succession). Employees of the department exercise legal powers which are vested in the corporation sole.

The department is a non-ministerial government department and executive agency. The Treasury Solicitor reports to the Attorney General for England and Wales. The department employs more than 1,900 solicitors and barristers to provide advice and legal representation on a huge range of issues to many government departments.
2016 Donegal Senior Football Championship
The 2016 Donegal Senior Football Championship was the 94th official edition of the Donegal GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded teams in County Donegal. The tournament consisted of 16 teams, with the winner going on to represent Donegal in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship.

Naomh Conaill was defending champion after defeating St Eunan's by a scoreline of 0–11 to 0–10 in the 2015 final. However, the club relinquished its crown when losing to Cill Chartha at the semi-final stage.

This was Réalt na Mara's return to the senior grade after making the straight bounce back up from the I.F.C. since being relegated in 2014.

On 16 October 2016, Glenswilly claimed its third S.F.C. title when defeating Cill Chartha in the final in MacCumhaill Park 1-10 to 0-12.

Glenfin was relegated to the 2017 I.F.C. after losing a replay of the relegation final to Na Cealla Beaga, thus ending a 15-year stay in the top flight of Donegal football.

Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The Ulster Senior Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football tournament organised by Ulster GAA. It is played between the Senior championship winners from each of the nine counties of Ulster. The competition was first held in 1968 and has a straight knock-out format. The winners are awarded the Seamus McFerran Cup (Irish: Corn Shéamuis Mhic Fearáin). The winners go on to represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Derry clubs have won the competition seventeen times, more than any other county. Crossmaglen Rangers are the most successful club, having won the competition eleven times. The current champions are Scotstown from Monaghan, having beaten Kilcoo in the 2025 final.
Waltz Suite (Prokofiev)
Sergei Prokofiev composed and compiled his Waltz Suite, Op. 110, during the Soviet Union's post-Great Patriotic War period of 1946–1947.

In creating this work for the concert hall, the composer drew upon waltzes previously written for three of his most recent works for the stage and screen: the opera War and Peace (completed circa 1943–1944 but not yet premiered at that time); the ballet Cinderella (stage premiere, 1945); and, lastly, his score to the 1943 Soviet film Lermontov by Albert Gendelshtein and Konstantin Paustovsky.

Albert Gendelshtein
Albert Gendelshtein (Ukrainian: Гендельштейн Альберт Олександрович; 4 April 1906, Kyiv, Ukraine — 25 March 1981, Moscow, Russia) was a Soviet film director known for the movies Lermontov, and Love and Hate (1935) with an early score by Shostakovich.
Karolína Grohová
Karolína Grohová (born 21 November 1990 in Dvůr Králové nad Labem) is a Czech cross-country skier.

Grohová competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for the Czech Republic. She placed 38th in the qualifying round in the sprint, failing to advance to the knockout stages. She also competed with Eva Vrabcová-Nývltová, Petra Nováková and Klára Moravcová in the relay, finishing 10th.

As of April 2014, her best showing at the World Championships is 12th, in the relay in 2013. Her best individual finish is 34th, in the 2013 individual sprint.

Grohová made her World Cup debut in January 2011. As of April 2014, her best finish is 15th, in a classical team sprint race at Asiago in 2013–14. Her best individual finish is 28th, in a freestyle sprint at Lenzerheide in the 2013–14 Tour de Ski. Her best World Cup overall finish is 111th, in 2013–14. Her best World Cup finish in a discipline is 72nd, in the 2013-14 sprint.

2013–14 Tour de Ski
The 2013–14 Tour de Ski was the eighth edition of the Tour de Ski. The Stage World Cup event began in Oberhof, Germany on December 28, 2013, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy on January 5, 2014. The cups were defended by Justyna Kowalczyk (Poland) and Alexander Legkov (Russia).
Nathan T. and Anna Porter House
The Nathan T. and Anna Porter House, at 224 South 210 West in Centerville, Utah, was built in 1915.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

It was deemed significant in part as a "fine example of an Arts and Crafts-style bungalow - one of only two contributing Craftsman bungalows in Centerville."

A historic garage is a second contributing building on the property.

Centerville, Utah
Centerville is a city in southeastern Davis County, Utah, United States. Centerville is part of the Ogden-Clearfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 16,884 at the 2020 census. It is located adjacent to the easternmost part of the Great Salt Lake.
AIR National
AIR National was an Indian radio station. It was run by All India Radio. Programming is mainly in Hindi and English languages. These programmes emphasize entertainment, music and news. The channel is designed to represent India's cultural mosaic and ethos.

The programmes of National Channel are broadcast by a one megawatt transmitter from Nagpur, Kolkata, Delhi, Bangalore, and Aligarh.

All India Radio
All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani (lit. 'Voice from the sky'  or 'Oracle'), is India's state-owned public radio broadcaster. Founded in 1936, it operates under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and is one of the two divisions of Prasar Bharati. Headquartered at the Akashvani Bhavan in New Delhi, it houses the Drama Section, FM Section, and National Service. It also serves as the home of the Indian television station Doordarshan Kendra.

All India Radio is one the largest radio network in the world in terms of the number of languages broadcast, the socioeconomic diversity it serves, and the scale of its broadcasting organisation. AIR's domestic service includes 420 stations nationwide, covering nearly 92% of India's geographic area and 99.19% of its population, with programming available in 23 languages and 179 dialects.
Segue 3
Segue 3 is a faint star cluster of the Milky Way galaxy discovered in 2010 in data obtained by Sloan Digital Sky Survey. It is located in the Pegasus constellation about 17 kpc from the Sun and is moving away from it at 167.1 ± 1.5 km/s.

Segue 3 is extremely faint—its visible absolute magnitude is estimated at −1.2 or even at about 0.0 ± 0.8, which means that the cluster is only 100 to 250 times brighter than the Sun. Its small radius—of about 2.1 pc—is typical for galactic globular clusters. The cluster has a slightly flattened shape and shows some evidence of tidal disruption.

The metallicity of Segue's 3 stars is [Fe/H] ≈ −1.7, which means that they contain 70 times less heavy elements than the Sun. These stars are more than 12 billion year old. Segue 3 appears to be one of the faintest globular clusters of the Milky Way.

Sloan Digital Sky Survey
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is a major multi-spectral imaging and spectroscopic redshift survey using a dedicated 2.5-m wide-angle optical telescope at Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, United States. The project began in 2000 and was named after the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, which contributed significant funding.

A consortium of the University of Washington and Princeton University was established to conduct a redshift survey. The Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC) was established in 1984 with the additional participation of New Mexico State University and Washington State University to manage activities at Apache Point. In 1991, the Sloan Foundation granted the ARC funding for survey efforts and the construction of equipment to carry out the work.
Adam Walker (ice hockey)
Adam Walker (born 14 July 1986) is a Scottish professional ice hockey player. He is currently the head coach of the Paisley Pirates of the Scottish National League. He previously in the British Elite Ice Hockey League for the Cardiff Devils, Manchester Phoenix and the Braehead Clan.

Scottish National League (ice hockey)
The Scottish National League is an ice hockey league based in Scotland comprising nine teams for the 2025/26 season.

The league sits below the Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL) in the UK ice hockey structure alongside England's National Ice Hockey League (NIHL).
Höhere Technische Lehranstalt
A Höhere Technische Lehranstalt (German for Higher Technical Education Institute, or more loosely translated Technical College), commonly known as HTL, is an engineering-focused high school/institution of further education in Austria. As an umbrella term it is used for either

Höhere Technische Lehranstalt (HTL, HTLA),

Höhere Technische Bundeslehranstalt (HTBLA, HTBL, Federal Higher Technical Institute), or

Höhere Technische Bundeslehr- und Versuchsanstalt (HTBLuVA, Federal Higher Technical Institute for Education and Experimentation).

These institutions are an important part of Austrian vocational education. HTLs specialise in disciplines such as civil engineering, electronics, electrical engineering, information technology, informatics, industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, mechatronics and chemistry. There are 75 HTLs in Austria (as of 2016).

HTLs also existed in Switzerland until 1995 when these institutions were converted into Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences.

International Standard Classification of Education
The International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) is a statistical framework for organizing information on education maintained by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). It is a member of the international family of economic and social classifications of the United Nations.
William Aiton (sheriff)
William Aiton (9 January 1760 – 8 July 1847) was a Scottish law agent, agriculturalist and sheriff-substitute of the county of Lanark. He was an authority on all matters bearing on Scottish husbandry.

He was born at Silverwood, Kilmarnock, in 1760, a neighbourhood which he left in 1785 to go to Strathaven, Lanarkshire, where he practised for many years as a law agent. He next went to Hamilton, where he held office as one of the sheriff-substitutes of the county from 1816 up to 1822. He died in 1847. At no period did his income exceed a hundred a year, and yet out of this, with a family of twelve children, he educated four sons for liberal professions, often sending them his last guinea when they were students at college.

Lanark
Lanark (/ˈlænərk/ LAN-ərk; Scottish Gaelic: Lannraig [ˈl̪ˠaun̪ˠɾɪkʲ]; Scots: Lanrik) is a town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, located 20 kilometres to the south-east of Hamilton. The town lies on the River Clyde, at its confluence with Mouse Water. In 2020, the town had a population of 8,880.

Lanark was a royal burgh from 1140 to 1975, and was historically the county town of Lanarkshire, though in modern times this title belongs to Hamilton. Notable landmarks nearby include New Lanark, the Corra Linn and the site of Lanark Castle.

Lanark railway station and bus interchange have frequent services to Glasgow. There is little industry in Lanark and some residents commute to work in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Its shops serve the local agricultural community and surrounding villages. There is a large modern livestock auction market on the outskirts of the town.
Elame a Doo
Elame a Doo was a ruler of the Bonapriso sublineage of the Duala people who lived on the Wouri estuary of Cameroon in the late 19th century. He was the son of Doo a Priso and a grandson of Priso a Doo. Elame signed the 1884 German-Duala treaty that granted the German Empire sovereignty over Cameroon.

Wouri estuary
The Wouri estuary, or Cameroon estuary is a large tidal estuary in Cameroon where several rivers come together, emptying into the Bight of Biafra. Douala, the largest city in Cameroon, is at the mouth of the Wouri River where it enters the estuary. The estuary contains extensive mangrove forests, which are being damaged by pollution and population pressures.
1981 Women's College World Series
The 1981 AIAW Women's College World Series was held in Norman, Oklahoma on May 21–24. Sixteen Division I college softball teams met in the next-to-last AIAW fastpitch softball tournament of that organization's history.  After playing their way through the regular season and regional tournaments, the 16 advancing teams met for the AIAW Division I college softball championship.

Defending champion Utah State won its second national championship by defeating Cal State Fullerton, 4-3, in the "if necessary" game to become the first repeat winner since Arizona State in 1973.

Utah State Aggies
The Utah State Aggies are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent Utah State University, located in Logan, Utah. Utah State fields 16 – seven men and nine women – National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) varsity athletic teams. They compete in the Mountain West Conference. On September 23, 2024, Utah State accepted an offer to leave the Mountain West and join the Pac-12 Conference on July 1, 2026.
Mount Degerfeldt
Mount Degerfeldt (66°58′S 51°1′E﻿ / ﻿66.967°S 51.017°E﻿ / -66.967; 51.017) is a mountain 3.5 nautical miles (6 km) south of Mount Storer, in the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956 and 1957, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Carl Larsson Degerfeldt, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929–31.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Triple M Goulburn Valley
Triple M Goulburn Valley is a commercial radio service broadcasting to the Goulburn Valley region of Victoria, Australia. The station originates from Shepparton and is broadcast on 95.3 MHz in Shepparton and 91.3 MHz in Mansfield. providing coverage across the wider region. It is owned by Southern Cross Austereo and broadcasts an adult contemporary (AC) format, featuring a mix of locally produced programming and nationally syndicated content.

The service commenced broadcasting in 1998 as 3SR FM, before being rebranded as Triple M in December 2016 as part of a network-wide rebrand by Southern Cross Austereo.

Southern Cross Austereo
Southern Cross Media Group Limited, doing business as Southern Cross Austereo, is an Australian media company which operates broadcast radio stations. It is the largest radio broadcaster in Australia, operating 86 radio stations, and has a reach into every state and territory.

In addition, the company formerly operated television stations carrying the three major commercial networks to regional and remote places of Australia.

The company is headquartered in South Melbourne. It was founded in 2004 as a subsidiary of Macquarie Bank for the purpose of acquiring regional radio stations, before expanding into television broadcasting in 2007 with the acquisition of Southern Cross Broadcasting. It also operates the LISTNR platform in Australia.

It was announced in September 2025 that SCA and Seven West Media were intending to merge in early 2026. The merger was completed on 7 January 2026.
Emmet Birk
Emmet Clifford Birk (March 21, 1914 – November 6, 2000) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Oshkosh All-Stars in the National Basketball League for one game during the 1938–39 season. In college, he played for the University of North Dakota (UND), where he won North Central Conference championships all three years he played. He was inducted into the UND Hall of Fame in 1977.

In his post-basketball career, Birk spent five years serving in the Army during World War II. He then moved to Whittier, California and spent 45 years as a schoolteacher and coach.

North Central Conference
The North Central Conference (NCC), also known as North Central Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, was a college athletic conference which operated in the north central United States. It participated in the NCAA's Division II.