hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aberdeen Place
Aberdeen Place is a street in St John's Wood, London. It was laid out after 1823 on the site of a farm once owned by the wealthy yeoman John Lyon, who founded Harrow School in 1571. The farm was located in the former Lisson Manor and was held by the governors of the school, with the proceeds going towards the maintenance of Harrow Road between Harrow and London. The farm was built over from 1823 onwards with the newly constructed streets being named after governors of Harrow School. In the case of Aberdeen Place, it was named after George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, who had gone to school at Harrow and was Prime Minister from 1852 to 1855.

John Lyon (school founder)
John Lyon (1514–1592) was a significant English landowner, who by 1564 had the largest land-rental income in Harrow, and who was the founder of Harrow School and the John Lyon's Charity. The John Lyon School was named as such in his recognition. The Harrow School house, Lyon's, is also named after him. He was a member of the Anglo-Norman Lyons family, and was a first cousin of Sir John Lyon, who was Lord Mayor of London for 1554 to 1555.
William R. Brewster
William Root Brewster (July 27, 1828 – December 13, 1869) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War who commanded a regiment in the famed Excelsior Brigade of the Army of the Potomac. He later commanded the brigade, including at the Battle of Gettysburg where Brewster and his men were overrun by Confederates while defending the Emmitsburg Road position of the III Corps not far from the Peach Orchard.

Army of the Potomac
The Army of the Potomac was the primary field army of the Union army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in April.
Hypericum balfourii
Hypericum balfourii is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, an island archipelago that is part of Yemen. It grows in mountain shrubland dominated by Cephalocroton. It is usually found on granite terrain above 600 meters in elevation.

Cephalocroton
Cephalocroton is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1841. It is native to central, eastern, and southern Africa from Nigeria and Ethiopia south to KwaZulu-Natal.

Use

The dead wood of some species can be used as a fumigant.

Species

Cephalocroton cordofanus Hochst. - Nigeria, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania

Cephalocroton incanus M.G.Gilbert - Nigeria, Ethiopia

Cephalocroton mollis Klotzsch - Tanzania, Mozambuque, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Botswana, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga

Cephalocroton polygynus Pax & K.Hoffm. - Somalia

formerly included

moved to other genera (Adenochlaena Cephalocrotonopsis Cladogynos Epiprinus Sumbaviopsis )
SAK
SAK or sak can stand for:

Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (Suomen Ammattiliittojen Keskusjärjestö in Finnish)
Finnish Federation of Trade Unions, forerunner of the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions

Secure attention key

SAK Comedy Lab, an Improvisational Comedy Theater in Orlando, Florida, United States

Steve Kaufman, nickname given by his mentor Andy Warhol

Swiss Army Knife

Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, an academic Egyptological journal

The IATA airport code for Sauðárkrókur Airport, Skagafjörður,  Iceland

ISO 639-2 (alpha-3) code for the Shake or Sake language, spoken in Gabon

Siumut Amerdlok Kunuk, a football and handball club in Greenland

Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions
The Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions, usually referred to by the acronym SAK (Finnish: Suomen Ammattiliittojen Keskusjärjestö; Swedish: Finlands Fackförbunds Centralorganisation, FFC) is the largest trade union confederation in Finland. Its member organisations have a total of more than one million members, which makes up about one fifth of the country's population.
Chorionic villus sampling
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), sometimes called "chorionic villous sampling" (as "villous" is the adjectival form of the word "villus"), is a form of prenatal diagnosis done to determine chromosomal or genetic disorders in the fetus. It entails sampling of the chorionic villus                              (placental tissue) and testing it for chromosomal abnormalities, usually with FISH or PCR. CVS usually takes place at 10–12 weeks' gestation, earlier than amniocentesis or percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling. It is the preferred technique before 15 weeks.

CVS was performed for the first time in Milan by Italian biologist Giuseppe Simoni, scientific director of Biocell Center, in 1983.
Use as early as eight weeks in special circumstances has been described. It can be performed in a transcervical or transabdominal manner. Although this procedure is mostly associated with testing for Down syndrome, overall, CVS can detect more than 200 disorders.

Biocell Center
Biocell Center is an international company specializing in the cryopreservation and private banking of amniotic fluid stem cells. The company is headquartered in Italy with several international locations and is involved with numerous partnerships and research studies of  amniotic fluid stem cells.

In 2008, Biocell Center opened the first amniotic fluid stem cell bank in the world, and in 2009 it opened the first amniotic fluid stem cell bank in the United States for private storage of stem cells obtained during genetic amniocentesis.

Biocell Center’s Italian headquarters in Busto Arsizio and Milan (Italy), are managed by company president Marco Reguzzoni and scientific director Giuseppe Simoni, and additional subsidiaries are located in Lugano (Switzerland), and Natick, Massachusetts (USA) - Boston area.

Biocell Center is currently collaborating with Harvard University and the Caritas Christi Health Care hospital network on amniotic stem cell research.
Texas Shakespeare Festival
The Texas Shakespeare Festival is a professional summer theatre housed in the Anne Dean Turk Fine Arts Center on the campus of Kilgore College, Kilgore, Texas. TSF presents four weeks of performances during late June and July of five productions in repertory: two plays by Shakespeare, a classic, a musical, and a children's show.

Repertory theatre
A repertory theatre, also called repertory, rep, true rep or stock, which are also called producing theatres, is a theatre in which a resident company presents works from a specified repertoire, usually in alternation or rotation.
The Witch Trials
The Witch Trials was an English–American rock supergroup originally formed in 1980. The group was a one-off musical collaboration between Jello Biafra (of Dead Kennedys), Adrian Borland (of the Sound), Morgan Fisher (of Mott the Hoople) and Christian Lunch. The group released only one self-titled EP.

Morgan Fisher
Stephen Morgan Fisher (born 1 January 1950) is an English keyboard player and composer, and is most known as a member of Mott the Hoople in the early 1970s. However, his career has covered a wide range of musical activities, and he is still active in the music industry. In recent years he has expanded into photography.
M3 howitzer
The 105 mm Howitzer M3 was a U.S. light howitzer designed for use by airborne troops. The gun utilized the barrel of the 105 mm Howitzer M2, shortened and fitted to a slightly modified split trail carriage of the 75 mm pack howitzer.

The howitzer was used by the U.S. Army during World War II. It was issued to airborne units and the cannon companies of infantry regiments.

Gun carriage
A gun carriage is a frame or a mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece, allowing it to be maneuvered and fired. These platforms often had wheels so that the artillery pieces could be moved more easily. Gun carriages are also used on ships to facilitate the movement and aiming of large cannons and guns. These are also used in the funeral procession of any higher authority of any state and country.
Mastermind (British game show)
Mastermind is a British television quiz show for the BBC, currently presented by Clive Myrie. Its creator, Bill Wright, drew inspiration from his experiences of being interrogated by the Gestapo during World War II. The show features an intimidating setting and challenging questions. Four (and in later contests five or six) contestants face two rounds, one on a specialised subject of the contestant's choice, the other a general knowledge round.

Mastermind's theme music is "Approaching Menace" by the British composer Neil Richardson. The show was recorded, with original presenter Magnus Magnusson, on location at UK universities. Later, it was recorded in Manchester at studios such as New Broadcasting House and Granada Studios, before moving to dock10 studios in 2011. The show relocated to Belfast for the 2019–2020 series.

BBC Genome Project
The BBC Genome Project is an online searchable database of programme listings initially based upon the contents of the Radio Times from the first issue in 1923 to 2009. Television listings from post-2009 can be accessed via the BBC Programmes site.
Dinara Asanova
Dinara Kuldashevna Asanova (Russian: Дина́ра Кулда́шевна Аса́нова; 24 October 1942 – 4 April 1985) was a Kyrgyzstani-Soviet film director and one of the most notable and acclaimed female filmmakers of the late Soviet Union. She is best known for her films Woodpeckers Don't Get Headaches (1975) and Tough Kids or Boys (Patsany) (1983). Although she was not very well known in the West, Asanova was popular in the USSR. Her career spans over 25 years, ending with her death at the age of 42 due to a heart ailment. Between the years 1969 and 1984, Asanova made ten films. Her films often dealt with the subject of troubled adolescence and incorporated critiques on Soviet society. Asanova rarely had problems with the censors despite the fact that her films featured such themes.

Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography
The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, officially the S. A. Gerasimov All-Russian University of Cinematography (Russian: Всероссийский государственный институт кинематографии имени С. А. Герасимова, romanized: Vserossiyskiy gosudarstvyennyy institut kinematografii imyeni S. A. Gerasimova, meaning
All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S. A. Gerasimov), a.k.a. VGIK, is a film school in Moscow, Russia.
Maurice Bradley
Maurice Bradley (born 5 April 1954) is a Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician, serving as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for East Londonderry since 2016. Bradley is the DUP's policing spokesperson. 
He was previously a Coleraine Councillor for the Coleraine East DEA from 1994 to 2014.

Police Service of Northern Ireland
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI; Irish: Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann; Ulster Scots: Polis Service o Norlin Airlan), is the police service responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within Northern Ireland.

It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the Patten Report.

The PSNI is the third-largest police service in the United Kingdom in terms of officer numbers (after the Metropolitan Police and Police Scotland) and the second-largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of Garda Síochána in terms of officer numbers.
Thomas Carson (bishop)
Christianity portal

Thomas Carson, LLD  (27 August 1805 – 7 July 1874) was a 19th-century Irish Anglican Bishop.

Carson was born in County Monaghan and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He held incumbencies at Urney, Cavan and then Cloon. Next he was Archdeacon of Ardagh, and after that Vicar general and then Dean of Kilmore in 1860 before elevation in 1870 to the episcopate as the 5th bishop of the United Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh. He married Eleanor Anne Burton in about 1833, and their son Rev. Thomas William Carson (20 Dec 1834 -1895) was a noted early collector of bookplates.

Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh
The United Dioceses of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh is a diocese of the Church of Ireland located in central Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Armagh.

It is one of eleven Anglican dioceses in the island of Ireland. The geographical remit covers all of County Leitrim, almost all of counties Cavan, Longford and Roscommon, plus smaller parts of counties Westmeath, Sligo, Donegal and Fermanagh.
The Pulteney Association
The Pulteney Association was a small group of British investors who in 1792 purchased a large portion of the Western New York land tract known as the Phelps and Gorham Purchase. The Pulteney Associates were Sir William Pulteney, 5th Baronet (1729–1805), a Scottish lawyer who owned nine-twelfths; William Hornby, former Governor of Bombay, who owned two-twelfths; and Patrick Colquhoun, a Scottish merchant with a one-twelfth share. Some of their heirs owned land in western New York into the 1920s, with the last parcel of The Pulteney Association property, 10 acres (40,000 m2), being sold in December 1926.

Patrick Colquhoun
Patrick Colquhoun (/kəˈhuːn/ kə-HOON; 14 March 1745 – 25 April 1820) was a Scottish merchant, statistician, magistrate, and founder of the first regular preventive police force in England, the Thames River Police. He also served as Lord Provost of Glasgow 1782 to 1784.
362nd Rifle Division
The 362nd Rifle Division began forming on 10 August 1941, as a standard Red Army rifle division, at Omsk. It did not reach the front until March 1942, assigned to the 22nd Army in Kalinin Front. It served under these commands for the next year, then was pulled out of the line for rebuilding before being moved south to 3rd Army of Bryansk Front, and later Belorussian Front, for the 1943 summer offensive, during which it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. It served in 50th Army during Operation Bagration, and earned a battle honor during the crossings of the upper Dniepr River near Shklov, but was soon reassigned to 33rd Army, where it remained for the duration of the war. The 362nd ended the war deep into Germany with 1st Belorussian Front, but in spite of an exemplary record of service, including three unit decorations, it was disbanded shortly thereafter.

Bykhaw
Bykhaw or Bykhov is a town in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It is located 44 kilometres (27 mi) south of Mogilev, and serves as the administrative center of Bykhaw District. In 2009, its population was 17,031. As of 2025, it has a population of 16,296.
Oregon Lakes
Oregon Lakes is a freshwater ecoregion in the western United States. It includes several closed basins in southern-central Oregon and adjacent parts of California and Nevada, including the Harney Basin, Warner Valley, and the basins of Lake Abert and Summer Lake.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Shitkino
Shitkino (Russian: Шиткино) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Population:  1,966 (2010 Census); 2,426 (2002 Census); 2,947 (1989 Soviet census).

Irkutsk Oblast
Irkutsk Oblast (Russian: Ирку́тская о́бласть, romanized: Irkutskaya oblastʹ; Buryat: Эрхүү можо, romanized: Erhüü možo) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southeastern Siberia in the basins of the Angara, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers. The administrative center is the city of Irkutsk. It had a population of 2,370,102 at the 2021 Census.
Cando López
Justo Cándido López Fregueda (1906 – death unknown), known as Cando López, was a Cuban professional baseball center fielder and left fielder in the Negro leagues and briefly in Cuba in the 1920s and 1930s.

A native of Havana, Cuba, López made his Negro leagues debut in 1926 with the Cuban Stars (West). He played five seasons with the club, then went on to play for the Cuban Stars (East) and New York Cubans. López was selected to play in the East–West All-Star Game in 1939, his final season. Lopez also played briefly in the Cuban Winter League for Team Cuba in the 1927–28 season.

Center fielder
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball and softball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.
Pat Ashworth
Pat Ashworth SRN, SCM, FRCN, FFNRCSI (1930 – 26 January 2023) was a British nursing sister who specialised in intensive care.

Ashworth qualified at Kent County Ophthalmic and Aural Hospital, Guy's Hospital, Jessop Hospital and Nether Edge Hospital.

Ashworth worked in a number of nursing roles until 1973, then a Department of Health and Social Security fellowship until 1976, followed by a joint clinical/academic post at Manchester Royal Infirmary and the University of Manchester until 1979.

Ashworth was Manchester's research programme manager at their WHO collaborating centre for nursing from 1979 to 1985; then a senior lecturer in nursing at the University of Ulster from 1985 to 1990.

Ashworth served as founding editor of the journal Intensive Care Nursing (later Intensive and Critical Care Nursing) from 1985 to 2000.

In 1979 she was awarded Fellowship of the Royal College of Nursing.

Ashworth died in Portstewart, Northern Ireland on 26 January 2023.

Intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine, usually called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening. It includes providing life support, invasive monitoring techniques, resuscitation, and end-of-life care. Doctors in this specialty are often called intensive care physicians, critical care physicians, or intensivists.

Intensive care relies on multidisciplinary teams composed of many different health professionals. Such teams often include doctors, nurses, physical therapists, respiratory therapists, and pharmacists, among others. They usually work together in intensive care units (ICUs) within a hospital.
Abbas ibn Firnas
Abū al-Qāsim ʿAbbās ibn Firnās ibn Wardās al-Tākurunnī (Arabic: أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِمِ، عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسِ بْنِ وَرْدَاسَ ٱلتَّاكُرُنِّيُّ; c. 809/810 – 887 CE), known as ʿAbbās ibn Firnās (Arabic: عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسٍ) was an Andalusi polymath: an inventor, astronomer, physician, chemist, engineer, musician, and poet. He was reported to have experimented with unpowered flight.

Ibn Firnas made various contributions in the field of astronomy and engineering. He constructed a device which indicated the motion of the planets and stars in the Universe. In addition, Ibn Firnas came up with a procedure to manufacture colourless glass and made magnifying lenses for reading, which were known as reading stones.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
Trovit
Trovit is a Spanish vertical search engine for classifieds (real estate, jobs, cars and products). In March 2012, it became the leading search engine for classified ads in Europe and Latin America. On 2016, Trovit reached 51 countries worldwide, being available in 19 languages and receiving more than 90 million unique visitors every month.

The name "Trovit" is derived from "trovis", the Esperanto word for "found".

Classified advertising
Classified advertising is a form of advertising, particularly common in newspapers, online and other periodicals, which may be sold or distributed free of charge. Classified advertisements are much cheaper than larger display advertisements used by businesses, although display advertising is more widespread. They were also commonly called "want" ads, starting in 1763, and are sometimes called small ads in Britain.
Yurii Chodkiewicz
Knyaz Yurii Chodkiewicz (Lithuanian: Jurgis Chodkevičius; c. 1515 – 6 June 1569) was a Lithuanian-Ruthenian noble who served as Bielsk starost in 1556, Puńsk starost in 1568, Great Master of the Pantry of Lithuania in 1554, Grand Krajczy of Lithuania in 1555, and Trakai castellan in 1566.

Puńsk
Puńsk ([puɲsk]; Lithuanian: Punskas) is a village in the Podlaskie Voivodeship in northeastern Poland, seat of the Gmina Puńsk in the Sejny County. It is located only 5 km (3.1 mi) from the border with Lithuania.
Leon Schlumpf
Leon Schlumpf (3 February 1925 – 7 July 2012) was a Swiss politician and a member of the Swiss Federal Council (1979–1987).

Schlumpf was born in Felsberg.  He was elected to the Federal Council on 5 December 1979 as a member of the Swiss People's Party (SVP) from the Canton of Graubünden (Grisons). He subsequently handed over office on 31 December 1987.

During his time in office, he held the Federal Department of Transport, Communications and Energy and was President of the Confederation in 1984.

Schlumpf died on 7 July 2012 in Chur, aged 87.  He was the father of Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf, member of the cantonal government of Graubünden (Grisons), who was herself elected to the Federal Council on 12 December 2007.

Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
The Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC, German: Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation, French: Département fédéral de l'environnement, des transports, de l'énergie et des communications, Italian: Dipartimento federale dell'ambiente, dei trasporti, dell'energia e delle comunicazioni, Romansh: Departament federal per ambient, traffic, energia e communicaziunⓘ) is one of the seven departments of the Swiss federal government, headed by a member of the Swiss Federal Council.