hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Campaign finance reform amendment
A campaign finance reform amendment refers to any proposed amendment to the United States Constitution to authorize greater restrictions on spending related to political speech, and to overturn Supreme Court rulings which have narrowed such laws under the First Amendment. Several amendments have been filed since Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission and the Occupy movement.

Corporate personhood
Corporate personhood or juridical personality is the legal notion that a juridical person such as a corporation, separately from its associated human beings (like owners, managers, or employees), has at least some of the legal rights and responsibilities enjoyed by natural persons.  In most countries, a corporation has the same rights as a natural person to hold property, enter into contracts, and to sue or be sued.
Nikolaus Becker
Nikolaus Becker (8 October 1809, Bonn, Rhin-et-Moselle – 28 August 1845 in the Hünshoven district of Geilenkirchen) was a German lawyer and writer. His one poem of note was the 1840 Rheinlied (Rhine song) which was set to music over 70 times.

Geilenkirchen
Geilenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaɪlənkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ, Limburgish: Jellekerke [ˈjæləˌkæʀ˦(ə)kə]) is a town in the district Heinsberg, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated near the border with the Netherlands, on the river Wurm, approx. 15 km (9.3 mi) north-east of Heerlen and 20 km (12.4 mi) north of Aachen.

It was the site of Operation Clipper in November 1944.

The town gives its name to nearby NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen.  The base is home to seventeen E-3A airborne early warning and control aircraft flown by aircrew from over fourteen nations.

On 24 July 2019 the highest temperature ever recorded in Germany was measured in Geilenkirchen at 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) during a heat wave that affected much of Europe. The record was broken the following day when temperature in Lingen reached 42.6 °C (108.7 °F).
Krishnamacharya: His Life and Teachings
Krishnamacharya: His Life and Teachings is a book written by A. G. Mohan with Ganesh Mohan. This book is a tribute to "the father of modern yoga," Tirumalai Krishnamacharya (1888–1989). Krishnamacharya was a renowned Indian yoga master, ayurvedic healer, and scholar who created many of the practices of yoga as exercise, and whose students B. K. S. Iyengar, Indra Devi, K. Pattabhi Jois, and T. K. V. Desikachar dramatically popularized yoga in the West.

In this book, A. G. Mohan, a personal student of Krishnamacharya for almost two decades (1971–1989), draws on his own memories and Krishnamacharya's diaries and recorded material to present a portrait of the man and his teachings.

B. K. S. Iyengar
Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar (14 December 1918 – 20 August 2014) was an Indian teacher of yoga and author. He is the founder of the style of yoga as exercise called "Iyengar Yoga", and was considered one of the foremost yoga gurus in the world. He was the author of many books on yoga practice and philosophy including Light on Yoga, Light on Pranayama, Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and Light on Life. Iyengar was one of the earliest students of Tirumalai Krishnamacharya, who is often called "the father of modern yoga". He has been credited with popularizing yoga, first in India and then around the world.

The Indian government awarded Iyengar the Padma Shri in 1991, the Padma Bhushan in 2002, and the Padma Vibhushan in 2014. In 2004, Iyengar was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine.
Edakkad Battalion 06
Edakkad Battalion 06 is an Indian Malayalam-language action drama film directed by Swapnesh K. Nair, written by P.Balachandran, and produced by Shrikant Bhasi, Tomas Joseph Pattathanam and Jayant Mammen under the banner of Ruby Films. Starring an ensemble cast of Tovino Thomas, Samyuktha Menon, Rekha, Joy Mathew, Sudheesh and Abu Salim, the film is inspired by a true story. The filming began in May 2019.

The film was released on 25 October 2019 during Diwali.

Abu Salim (actor)
Abu Salim (born 11 May 1956) is an Indian film actor, bodybuilder, and retired police officer, who works predominantly in the Malayalam cinema. He has also acted in a few Hindi, Tamil and Telugu films. He has mostly played villain roles.
Nuclear photonic rocket
In a traditional nuclear photonic rocket, an onboard nuclear reactor would generate such high temperatures that the blackbody radiation from the reactor would provide significant thrust.  The disadvantage is that it takes much power to generate a small amount of thrust this way, so acceleration is very low.  The photon radiators would most likely be constructed using graphite or tungsten.  Photonic rockets are technologically feasible, but rather impractical with current technology based on an onboard nuclear power source.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Wheatables
Wheatables were baked snack crackers made by the Keebler Company (a subsidiary of the Kellogg Company).

They were available in Original Golden Wheat, Toasted Honey Wheat, as well as Wheatables Nut Crisps varieties in Roasted Almond and Toasted Pecan. A Seven Grain variety was also introduced but had previously been discontinued.

Wheatables were introduced in 1988 as a healthier alternative to fried snacks. In 2003, Wheatables and the Susan G. Komen Foundation worked together on a breast cancer awareness campaign.

Wheatables were discontinued in July 2014.

Frying
Frying is the cooking of food in oil or another fat. Similar to sautéing, pan-fried foods are generally turned over once or twice during cooking to ensure that the food is evenly cooked, using tongs or a spatula, whereas sautéed foods are cooked by "tossing in the pan". A large variety of foods may be fried. Frying is a dehydration process which involves the transfer of mass and heat. Different chemical changes take place during the frying process such as protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, surface browning, rapid water evaporation and oil absorption.
Amguid
Amguid is a village in the commune of Idlès, in Tazrouk District, Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It is located in the remote north-eastern part of the province, about 400 kilometres (250 mi) north of Tamanrasset and 310 kilometres (190 mi) west of Illizi.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
French ship Ville de Nantes
Ville de Nantes was a second-rank, 90-gun, steam-powered ship of the line built for the French Navy in the 1850s, lead ship of her class of three ships. The ship was in reserve most of her career and served as a prison ship for Communard prisoners in 1871–1872 after the Paris Commune was crushed by the French government. She was sold for scrap in 1887.

Second-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. A "second rate" was the second largest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.

They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the 100-gun first-rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or Leeward Islands station, which was usually a Rear-admiral of the red.
Non-Human
Non-Human (Chinese: 非人哉; pinyin: Fēi Rén Zāi) is a four-panel and multi-panel comic series serialized on platforms such as Sina Weibo, U17, NetEase Comics (discontinued), and Bilibili Comics. It is created by the comic artist Yi Wang Kong Qi  and was originally titled "Shen Me Gui" (literally "What the Hell"). The series began serialization on its official Weibo account on August 21, 2015, and was later launched on U17 on April 1, 2016. The comic tells the story of a group of legendary gods and monsters struggling to live and work in the capital city.

The series was later adapted into an animated show. On March 16, 2018, the official Weibo account released a music video for the animation, with the theme song performed by the virtual singer Luo Tianyi. The animation premiered exclusively on Tencent Video on March 29, 2018, and later began streaming on Bilibili from February 7, 2019. It also started airing on Japan’s TV Tokyo on July 5, 2023.

Xiaotian Quan
Xiaotian Quan (Chinese: 哮天犬 or 嘯天犬; pinyin: Xiàotiān Quǎn; lit. 'Howling/Barking Celestial Dog') is a Chinese mythological beast and companion of the Chinese god Erlang Shen. Depicted as a black dog, it assists Erlang Shen in battle by using its powerful bite and howl to attack, maul, or subdue demons. Xiaotian Quan appears in Journey to the West, Fengshen Yanyi, and other legends about Erlang Shen, such as Lotus Lantern and several Chinese folktales.
Small square-spot
The small square-spot (Diarsia rubi) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Karl Friedrich Vieweg in 1790. It is found in Europe apart from the far south-east then east through the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Central Asia, Siberia, the Russian Far East and Kamchatka.

Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, romanized: poluóstrov Kamchátka, pronounced [pəlʊˈostrəf kɐmˈt͡ɕætkə], Ainu: Cupka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (777 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi). The Sea of Okhotsk bounds the peninsula's western coastline, immediately offshore of the peninsula and below the Bering Sea runs the 9,600-metre-deep (31,496 ft) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Its eastern coastline is the Bering Sea, part of the Pacific Ocean.

The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980). The Kamchatka Peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that form part of the Ring of Fire.
Supersense
Supersense is a six-part nature documentary television series produced by the BBC Natural History Unit, originally broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 in 1988. The series producer was John Downer and the narrator Andrew Sachs. It used groundbreaking effects and filming techniques to show how animals perceive the world around them. The same production team went on to make the follow-up series Lifesense in 1991 and Supernatural: Unseen Power of Animals in 1999.

Animal cognition
Animal cognition encompasses the mental capacities of non-human animals, including insect cognition. The study of animal conditioning and learning used in this field was developed from comparative psychology. It has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary psychology;  the alternative name cognitive ethology is sometimes used. Many behaviors associated with the term animal intelligence are also subsumed within animal cognition.

Researchers have examined animal cognition in mammals (especially primates, cetaceans, elephants, bears, dogs, cats, pigs, horses, cattle, raccoons and rodents), birds (including parrots, fowl, corvids and pigeons), reptiles (lizards, crocodilians, snakes, and turtles), fish and invertebrates (including cephalopods, spiders and insects).
Unollocsina
Unollocsina (possibly from Quechua unu, yaku water, lluqsina exit, "water exit") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 metres (17,388 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, Checacupe District, and in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Corani District. Unollocsina lies north of the  glaciated area of Quelccaya (Quechua for "snow plain"), east of Millo.

Department of Puno
Puno (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpuno]; Aymara and Quechua: Punu) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's southeast, it is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia to the east, the departments of Madre de Dios to the north, Cusco and Arequipa to the west, Moquegua to the southwest, and Tacna to the south. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Puno, which is located on Lake Titicaca in the geographical region known as the Altiplano or high sierra.
Yam Bahadur Ghale
Yam Bahadur Ghale (Nepali: याम बहादुर घले; born 1963), also known as YB Ghale, is a former forward of the Nepal national football team, as well as a former executive and technical director of the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA).

Friends Club
Friends Club is a Nepali professional football club from the Kopundole neighborhood of Lalitpur. The club is known for nurturing young talent of Nepalese football. Friends Club has produced more than 200 national football players to date.

Since the late 1980s, the club has implemented different training activities for women and children. The team practices on the grounds of Pulchok Campus. National players like Raju Tamang, Bharat Khawas, Sagar Thapa, Nirajan Khadka or Deepak Bhusal are products of Friends Club.
Parco naturale Alta Valsesia
The Alta Valsesia Natural Park is a nature reserve\regional park in Piedmont, in Italy.

It is an Alpine park considered the highest in Europe. It includes Signalkuppe (on the Italian side), Monte Rosa, Val Vogna, and the Sesia River.

Val Vogna
Val Vogna (I' Vejin in Walser) is a lateral valley of Valsesia, inside the municipality of Riva Valdobbia, Italy.

West of Riva Valdobbia town, opens the Val Vogna, a side valley just in part served by paved road, on the old so-called Antica via d'Aosta “ancient Aosta Track”, that united Riva Valdobbia to Gressoney-Saint-Jean through the colle di Valdobbia, the Valdobbia Pass.
Tanongsak Saensomboonsuk
Tanongsak Saensomboonsuk (Thai: ทนงศักดิ์ แสนสมบูรณ์สุข;born 13 October 1990) is a Thai badminton player. He won his first career Superseries title by winning the Denmark Open on 23 October 2016, becoming the first Thai to win a men's singles title in a Superseries Premier tournament. He is studying for a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration at Siam University.

2016 Denmark Super Series Premier
The 2016 Denmark Super Series Premier was the ninth Super Series tournament of the 2016 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place in Odense, Denmark on October 18–23, 2016, and had a total prize of $700,000.
A.S. Vénus
AS Vénus is a football club from Mahina, on the Tahiti island of French Polynesia. They play in the Tahiti First Division. They play home games at Stade Municipal de Mahina. The club have a partnership with metropolitan giants AS Saint-Étienne.

Māhina
Māhina is a commune in the north of Tahiti in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. Māhina is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. Māhina is the 5th most populous commune in French Polynesia with a population of 14,623 (2022 census), in an area of 52 km2. Mount Orohena is a nearby mountain.
St John's Church, Dowlais
St John's Church is a defunct Grade II listed church in the village of Dowlais, near Merthyr Tydfil in Wales.

The church was built in 1827 for local ironworks manager Sir John Josiah Guest, at a cost of £3000. It was gradually completely rebuilt later in the century, in a Gothic style, finishing with the main nave and aisle in 1893/4. Sir John (d. 1852) was buried in an iron coffin in the chancel under a red granite slab.

The church ultimately closed in 1997. In early 2015, it was listed for sale at an initial price of £50,000. It was subsequently earmarked for £400,000 of Welsh Government grants to support its repair and redevelopment.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Heiligenbeil concentration camp
Heiligenbeil was a subcamp of the German Stutthof concentration camp, operated from September 1944 to January 1945. It was named after the town Heiligenbeil (now Mamonovo, Russia).

Its prisoners were 1,100 Jewish women and 100 Jewish men. The prisoners were subjected to forced labour.

The commanders of the subcamp were SS-Unterscharführer Hermann Kleiss (in September–October 1944), SS-Oberscharführer Johann Mayer (October–November 1944), SS-Hauptscharführer Ernst Thulke (October 1944–January 1945) and SS-Sturmscharführer Wolförer (January 1945).

Unterscharführer
Unterscharführer ([ˈʊntɐʃaːɐ̯fyːʁɐ], lit. 'junior squad leader') was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party used by the Schutzstaffel (SS) between 1934 and 1945. The SS rank was created after the Night of the Long Knives. That event caused an SS reorganisation and the creation of new ranks to separate the SS from the Sturmabteilung (SA).

The insignia was a button pip centred on a collar patch opposite an SS unit insignia collar badge. The field grey SS uniform displayed the rank with silver collar piping and the shoulder boards of an Unteroffizier. Rank comparisons list the rank of Unterscharführer as equivalent to a corporal in other services, but the rank held responsibilities of a sergeant in some other armies.
Teltele (woreda)
Teltele is one of the Aanaas in the Oromia of Ethiopia. It is named after the administrative center, Teltele. Located in the southwest corner of the Borena Zone, Teltele is bordered on the southwest by Kenya, on the west and north by the Sagan River, the only river in this woreda, which separates it from the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, on the northeast by Yabelo, and on the southeast by Dire.

Borena Zone
Borena (Oromo: Boorana) is a zone in Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Borena is named after one of the two major subgroups of the Oromo people. Borena is bordered on the south by Kenya, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, on the north by West Guji and Guji, and on the east by Dawa Zone Somali Region. The highest point in this zone is Mount Dara Tiniro. Cities and major towns in this Zone include Negele Borana, Moyale, Yabelo, Dubuluk, Mega, Millami, Surupa and Bakke.
Kuronen
Kuronen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Juho Kuronen (born 1982), Finnish ice hockey player

Mikael Kuronen (born 1992), Finnish ice hockey player

Olavi Kuronen (1923–1989), Finnish ski jumper

Olavi Kuronen
Eino Olavi Kuronen (22 January 1923 in Maaninka – 8 January 1989) was a Finnish ski jumper who competed in the 1950s. He finished tied for 12th in the individual large hill event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.
Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans
The Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans (SNFG) is a community-curated standard for the depiction of simple monosaccharides and complex carbohydrates (glycans) using various colored-coded, geometric shapes, along with defined text additions. It is hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the NCBI-Glycans Page. It is curated by an international groups of researchers in the field that are collectively called the SNFG Discussion Group. The overall goal of the SNFG is to:

Facilitate communications and presentations of monosaccharides and glycans for researchers in the Glycosciences, and for scientists and students less familiar with the field.

Ensure uniform usage of the nomenclature in the literature, thus helping to ensure scientific accuracy in journal and online publications.

Continue to develop the SNFG and its applications to aid wider use by the scientific community.

National Center for Biotechnology Information
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland, and was founded in 1988 through legislation sponsored by US Congressman Claude Pepper.

The NCBI houses a series of databases relevant to biotechnology and biomedicine and is an important resource for bioinformatics tools and services. Major databases include GenBank for DNA sequences and PubMed, a bibliographic database for biomedical literature. Other databases include the NCBI Epigenomics database. All these databases are available online through the Entrez search engine. NCBI was directed by David Lipman, one of the original authors of the BLAST sequence alignment program and a widely respected figure in bioinformatics.
2014 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The 2014 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference baseball tournament began on May 14 and ended on May 19 at Marty L. Miller Field, on the campus of Norfolk State University in Norfolk, Virginia.  It was an eight-team double elimination tournament.  Bethune-Cookman won their fourteenth tournament championship to claim the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference's automatic bid to the 2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  Bethune-Cookman has claimed fourteen of the sixteen tournament championships, with Savannah State winning in 2013 and North Carolina A&T earning the 2005 title.

2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament began on Friday, May 30, 2014, as part of the 2014 NCAA Division I baseball season. The 64 team double elimination tournament concluded with the 2014 College World Series in Omaha, Nebraska, which started on June 14, 2014, and ended on June 25, 2014, with the Vanderbilt Commodores upsetting the 3rd seed Virginia Cavaliers 3–2 in the decisive Game 3.

The 64 participating NCAA Division I college baseball teams were selected out of an eligible 298 teams. A total of 31 teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conferences, and 33 teams were selected at-large by the NCAA Division I Baseball Committee.

Teams were divided into 16 regionals of four teams which conducted a double-elimination tournament. Regional champions faced each other in Super Regionals, a best-of-3-game series that determined the 8 participants of the College World Series.