hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leaderism
The Russian political term leaderism (Russian: вождизм, vozhdism) means "a policy directed at the affirmation/confirmation of one person in the role of an indisputable or infallible leader". Manifestations of vozhdism include clientelism, nepotism, tribalism, and messianism.

Forms of leaderism include Italian fascism, Führerprinzip, Stalinism, Maoism, and Juche. According to Nikolai Berdyaev (1874–1948), Leninism represented a new type of leaderism, featuring a leader of masses having dictatorship powers, while Joseph Stalin as vozhd exemplifies an ultimate type of such a supreme leader.

In Marxist–Leninist phraseology, leaderism is a pejorative, in opposition to the officially proclaimed "principle of collective leadership". As representative types of leaderist societies, some modern Russian authors argue include the regimes of Islamic leaders, and Vladimir Putin.

Collective leadership
In communist and socialist theory, collective leadership is a shared distribution of power within an organizational structure. A single officer, such as the general secretary or party chair, is supposed to be only primus inter pares on the relevant leadership body.
Tipton Sports Academy
Tipton Sports Academy is a multi-purpose sports stadium located on Wednesbury Oak Road in Tipton, West Midlands, England.

It includes a running track, a football pitch and indoor tennis courts. The synthetic running track was laid out in 1998 to replace a cinder track. This work was completed at the same time as the indoor tennis courts, and the full cost of upgrading the complex (more than £3million) was paid by the National Lottery. It was opened by the then Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott at an official ceremony on 12 June 1998.

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, had opened the headquarters of Tipton Sports Union Trust at the site on 4 June 1971. These facilities were replaced by those opened by John Prescott, 27 years later.

The complex is home to Tipton Town Football Club, the Sandwell Steelers American Football team, and Tipton Harriers. Its facilities are used by various professional and amateur teams as well as members of the public.

Sandwell Steelers
The Sandwell Steelers are an American football team based in Walsall, West Midlands, England, that competes in the BAFA National Leagues NFC 1 South, the second level of British American Football. They operate from Walsall Rugby Club and were formed in 2013. The Steelers earned promotion to Division One in their second ever season an have won 3 Division titles in their 5 years as a BAFA League team. In 2019 they were promoted to the Premier Division North beating Northumberland Vikings in the NFC 1 Bowl game. The club also operate a selection Youth, Junior and Women's American Football teams.
Xenobarbus
Xenobarbus is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-fiined fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes. The only species in the genus is Xenobarbus loveridgei which is endemic to Tanzania where it is found in Lake Victoria. The species is rare and only known from a few specimens.

Carp
The term carp (pl.: carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized quarries and are valued (even commercially cultivated) as both food and ornamental fish in many parts of the Old World, they are considered trash fish and invasive pests in many parts of Africa, Australia and most of the United States.
Cyhalothrin
Cyhalothrin (ISO common name) is an organic compound that, in specific isomeric forms, is used as a pesticide.
It is a pyrethroid, a class of synthetic insecticides that mimic the structure and properties of the naturally occurring insecticide pyrethrin which is present in the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Pyrethroids, such as cyhalothrin, are often preferred as an active ingredient in agricultural insecticides because they are more cost-effective and longer acting than natural pyrethrins.  λ-and γ-cyhalothrin are now used to control insects and spider mites in crops including cotton, cereals, potatoes and vegetables.

Pyrethrin
The pyrethrins are a class of organic compounds normally derived from Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium that have potent insecticidal activity by targeting the nervous systems of insects. Pyrethrin naturally occurs in chrysanthemum flowers and is often considered an organic insecticide when it is not combined with piperonyl butoxide or other synthetic adjuvants. Their insecticidal and insect-repellent properties have been known and used for thousands of years.

Pyrethrins are gradually replacing organophosphates and organochlorides as the pesticides of choice as the latter compounds have been shown to have significant and persistent toxic effects to humans. They first appeared on markets in the 1900s and have been continually used since then in products such as bug bombs, building insect sprays, and even to spray animals so that they do not get infectious diseases.
Porritt Stadium
Porritt Stadium (or Porritt Park), is a multi-purpose stadium in the suburb of Chartwell in Hamilton, New Zealand.  It is used for football matches and athletics and is the home stadium of Hamilton Wanderers. The main field is surrounded by a national grade athletics track.

The stadium is named for Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt.

Porritt Stadium hosted the 2022 New Zealand Special Olympics National Summer Games. It was formerly used in the New Zealand Football Championship as Hamilton's and Waikato’s home ground.

Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt
Colonel Arthur Espie Porritt, Baron Porritt, Bt, GCMG, GCVO, CBE, KStJ, FRCS (10 August 1900 – 1 January 1994) was a New Zealand physician, military surgeon, statesman and athlete. He won a bronze medal at the 1924 Summer Olympics in the 100 m sprint. He served as the 11th governor-general of New Zealand from 1967 to 1972, becoming the first New Zealand-born person to hold the office.
Pterostylis silvicultrix
Pterostylis silvicultrix, commonly known as the Chatham Island greenhood or tutukiwi, is a species of orchid which is endemic to Chatham Island and nearby islands. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but flowering plants have leaves on the flowering stem, some of which reach above the single translucent white flower with dark green stripes. It is similar to Pterostylis banksii which occurs on both of the main islands of New Zealand but that species lacks the orange or reddish-brown tips on the flowers of this species.

Chatham Island
Chatham Island (/ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) (Moriori: Rēkohu, lit. 'Misty Sun'; Māori: Wharekauri) is the largest island of the Chatham Islands group, in the south Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of New Zealand's South Island.  It is said to be  "halfway between the equator and the pole, and right on the International Date Line", although that point is 173 miles WSW of the island's westernmost point. The Moriori are the first settlers of the Chatham Islands. The island is called Rekohu ("misty skies") in Moriori, and Wharekauri  in Māori.

The island was named after the survey ship HMS Chatham which was the first European ship to locate the island in 1791. It covers an area of 920 km2 (355 sq mi).
Chatham Island lies 650 km (404 mi) south-east of Cape Turnagain, the nearest point of mainland New Zealand.
Whyalla - Cowleds Landing Aquatic Reserve
Whyalla-Cowleds Landing Aquatic Reserve is a marine protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located in the waters of Spencer Gulf adjoining the east coast of Eyre Peninsula. About 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Whyalla, it includes land in the localities of Cowleds Landing and  Middleback Range which is subject to tidal inundation.
It was declared in 1984 to protect "the mangrove-seagrass communities and associated fish nursery areas".

Since 2012, it has been located within the boundaries of a "sanctuary zone" in the Upper Spencer Gulf Marine Park.

The aquatic reserve is classified as an IUCN Category II protected area.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.
Hoen
Hoen is a surname of Dutch or Norwegian origin. A variant form in Dutch is "'t Hoen" ("the hen"). People with this surname include:

August Hoen (1817–1886), American lithographer

Borger Kristoffersson Hoen (1799–1877), Norwegian politician

Christopher Borgersen Hoen (1767–1845), Norwegian farmer and politician

Cornelis Hoen (c.1440–1524), Dutch theologian

Guno Hoen (1922–2010), Surinamese footballer, commentator and author

Herman Hoen (1340–1404), first lord of Hoensbroek, son of Nicolaes

Nicolaes Hoen (died 1371), Limburgian founder of the Van Hoensbroeck family

Paul Hoen (born 1961), American director and producer

Ragnar Hoen (1940–2019), Norwegian chess player

Steinar Hoen (born 1971), Norwegian high jumper

't Hoen

Ellen 't Hoen (born 1960), Dutch health researcher and humanitarian

Evert-Jan 't Hoen (born 1975), Dutch baseball player

Pieter 't Hoen (1744–1828), Dutch Patriot journalist

Van Hoen

Mark Van Hoen (born 1966), English musician

Steinar Hoen
Steinar Hoen (born 8 February 1971) is a retired Norwegian high jumper. He represented IK Tjalve during his senior career. He has been the meeting director for the Bislett Games since 2007. His indoor and outdoor bests are both 2.36 m – these are also the Norwegian records for the event.
Katarzyna Tomiak-Siemieniewicz
Katarzyna Tomiak-Siemieniewicz (born in 1987 in Niedźwiedz, Poland) is a captain  in the Polish Air Force and the first Polish woman to become a fighter pilot. She currently flies the MiG-29 at the 22nd Tactical Air Base near Królewo Malborskie in northern Poland .

Polish Air Force University
The Polish Air Force Academy (Polish: Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Sił Powietrznych (1994–2018); Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa (since 2018)), The School of the Eaglets, is located in Dęblin, eastern Poland. Established in 1927 during the interwar period, the Polish Air Force University is an accredited university for the undergraduate education of officers for the Polish Air Force.
Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation
Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation is a Chinese aircraft manufacturer and developer of large and medium-sized airplanes. It is based in Yanliang, Xi'an, Shaanxi. In 2020, under a reform, the company became a wholly owned subsidiary of the publicly listed company, AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group (SZSE: 000768), for stock exchange purposes.

The company's key clients include the People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force and People's Liberation Army Air Force. It is responsible for the production of China's biggest internally manufactured military aircraft, the Xi'an Y-20.

Shenzhen Stock Exchange
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shenzhen, in the People's Republic of China. It is one of three stock exchanges operating independently in Mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is situated in the Futian district of Shenzhen. The SZSE is the world's 6th largest stock exchange with a market capitalization exceeding US$4.4 trillion in July 2024.
PJ Marsh
Peter-John "PJ" Marsh (born 19 February 1980 in Gladstone, Queensland) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. A Queensland State of Origin representative hooker, he played his club football in the NRL for the Parramatta Eels, New Zealand Warriors and Brisbane Broncos.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.
Escape from Devil's Island
Escape from Devil's Island is a 1935 American adventure film directed by Albert S. Rogell and written by Earle Snell and Fred Niblo Jr. The film stars Victor Jory, Florence Rice, Norman Foster, Stanley Andrews, Daniel L. Haynes and Herbert Heywood. The film was released on November 24, 1935, by Columbia Pictures.

Albert S. Rogell
Albert S. Rogell (August 21, 1901 – April 7, 1988) was an American film director who was born in Oklahoma City and died in Los Angeles. Rogell directed more than a hundred movies between 1921 and 1958. He was known for an aggressive directing style, shouting at his actors and crew.
Vilalba dels Arcs
Vilalba dels Arcs (Catalan pronunciation: [biˈlalβa ðelz ˈaɾks]) is a municipality in the comarca of Terra Alta in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 608 (register office, 2024) .

This town is located in a wine-producing area. The area suffered much during the Battle of the Ebro. At the site known as Els Barrancs there are still almost intact trenches of the Spanish Republican line of defence, part of a long defensive line built between Vilalba dels Arcs and La Pobla de Massaluca.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Krzysztof Stróżyk
Krzysztof Stróżyk (born 28 May 1980) is a Polish professional darts player who played in World Darts Federation (WDF) and Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He has represented Poland at the PDC World Cup of Darts and WDF Europe Cup.

WDF Europe Cup
The WDF Europe Cup is a darts tournament held biennially since 1978. The tournament consists of a team championship, a pairs championship and a singles championship. All events have a men's competition, and a women's competition (since 1982).
Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
Ad maiorem Dei gloriam or Ad majórem Dei glóriam, also rendered as the abbreviation AMDG, is a Latin quote which can be translated as "For the greater glory of God." It has been used as a rallying cry for Catholics throughout history, especially during the Thirty Years' War, and is currently the motto of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), an order of the Catholic Church.

Motto
A motto (derived from the Latin muttum, 'mutter', by way of Italian motto, 'word' or 'sentence') is a sentence or phrase expressing a belief or purpose, or the general motivation or intention of an individual, family, social group, or organization. Mottos (or mottoes) are usually found predominantly in written form (unlike slogans, which may also be expressed orally), and may stem from long traditions of social foundations, or from significant events, such as a civil war or a revolution. One's motto may be in any language, but Latin has been widely used, especially in the Western world.
Imperius Rex
Imperius Rex is the fourth solo studio album by American rapper Sean Price. It was released on August 8, 2017, via Duck Down Music, exactly two years after his death, making it his first posthumous release. It features guest appearances from Bernadette Price, Buckshot, Foul Monday, Freeway, Ike Eyez, Inspectah Deck, Junior Reid, Method Man, MF Doom, Prodigy, Raekwon, Rim P, Rock, Ruste Juxx, Smif-N-Wessun, Styles P and Vic Spencer.

Duck Down Music
Duck Down Music Inc is a New York City based record label, talent management, music-marketing, and consulting company founded by Drew "Dru-Ha" Friedman and Kenyatta "Buckshot" Blake in 1995. In Duck Down's 30-year existence, the company has released over 40 albums and sold more than 3 million collective copies worldwide. Home of established hip hop artists such as Boot Camp Clik, Pharoahe Monch, Black Rob, 9th Wonder, KRS-One, B-Real of Cypress Hill, The Away Team, Statik Selektah, Random Axe, Promise, David Dallas, Marco Polo, Ruste Juxx, Torae, Blue Scholars, Special Teamz (Slaine of La Coka Nostra, Edo G., Jaysaun, DJ Jayceeoh) and Kidz in the Hall.
Self-immolation
Self-immolation is the act of setting oneself on fire. It is mostly done for political or religious reasons, often as a form of protest or in acts of martyrdom, and known for its disturbing and violent nature.

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Omakase! Miracle Cat-dan
Omakase! Miracle Cat-dan (おまかせ！みらくるキャット団, Omakase! Mirakuru Kyatto-dan; "Leave it! To the Miracle Cat Group"), also known as Omakase Mamitasu (おまかせマミタス "Leave it to Mamitas") is a Japanese anime series produced by OLM, Inc. and Shogakukan-Shueisha Productions and aired on NHK in between the variety programs, Tensai Terebi-kun and R no Hōsoku from March 31, 2015 to February 23, 2016. The series is adapted from Neko no Ashiato, an autobiographical essay book by Shoko Nakagawa. The series depicts the slapstick comedy of ten idiosyncratic cats and the members of the unusual Nakagawa family.

Shoko Nakagawa
Shoko Nakagawa (中川 翔子, Nakagawa Shōko; born May 5, 1985) is a Japanese media personality, singer, actress, voice actress, illustrator, YouTuber, and cosplayer. Also known by her nickname Shokotan (しょこたん), she is best known as the presenter of Pokémon Sunday, and as the performer of the opening theme from the anime Gurren Lagann.
Panzer Kaserne
48°40′54″N 9°02′46″E﻿ / ﻿48.6818°N 9.046°E﻿ / 48.6818; 9.046

Panzer Kaserne (or Camp Panzer Kaserne) is a U.S. military  installation in Böblingen, Germany, part of U.S. Army Garrison Stuttgart. The post is administered by U.S. Army Installation Management Command-Europe (IMCOM-Europe), a legacy from its use as an Army installation since just after World War II. Panzer also hosts the headquarters of U.S. Marine Corps Forces, Europe & Africa (MARFOREURAF) and various Special Operations units of the Army and Navy supporting EUCOM and AFRICOM. There is also a different Panzer Kaserne in Kaiserslautern, Germany

Kaiserslautern
Kaiserslautern (German pronunciation: [ˌkaɪzɐsˈlaʊtɐn] ⓘ; Palatine German: Lautre) is a town in southwest Germany, located in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate at the edge of the Palatinate Forest. The historic centre dates to the 9th century. It is 459 kilometres (285 miles) from Paris, 117 km (73 miles) from Frankfurt am Main, 666 km (414 miles) from Berlin, and  159 km (99 miles) from Luxembourg.

Kaiserslautern is home to about 100,000 people. Additionally, approximately 45,000 NATO military personnel are based in the city and its surrounding district (Landkreis Kaiserslautern).
Music of Rwanda
The music of Rwanda encompasses Rwandan traditions of folk music as well as contemporary East African Afrobeat and Congolese Ndombolo, and performers of a wide variety of Western genres including hip-hop, R&B, gospel music and pop ballads.

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Ethical omnivorism
Ethical omnivorism, omnivorism, or compassionate carnivorism (as opposed to obligatory carnivorism, the view that it is obligatory for people to eat animals) is a human diet involving the consumption of meat, eggs, dairy, and produce that can be traced back to an organic farm.

Marine fish consumption is limited to sustainably farm-raised and/or ethically and wild caught, without contributing to illegal poaching.

Ethical omnivorism could be considered similar to locavorism.

Human nutrition
Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and good health. Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, food security, or a poor understanding of nutritional requirements. Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths, physical deformities, and disabilities worldwide. Good nutrition is necessary for children to grow physically and mentally, and for normal human biological development.
Hayes Knoll
51°37′01″N 1°51′07″W﻿ / ﻿51.617°N 1.852°W﻿ / 51.617; -1.852

Hayes Knoll is a hamlet between Swindon and Cricklade in north Wiltshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Purton, about 0.8 miles (1.3 km) west of the village of Purton Stoke and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Cricklade.

The North Wilts Canal, which linked the Wilts & Berks Canal at Swindon with the Thames and Severn Canal at Latton, north of Cricklade, passed close to the hamlet, where there was a lock. The canal was opened in 1819 and abandoned in 1914; since 2007 it has been under restoration as part of the Cricklade Country Way.

The hamlet has given its name to Hayes Knoll station on the Swindon and Cricklade Railway.

Swindon and Cricklade Railway
The Swindon and Cricklade Railway is a heritage railway in Wiltshire, England, that operates on a short section of the old Midland and South Western Junction Railway line between Swindon and Cricklade.

Swindon and Cricklade Railway is a registered charity.