hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Courts martial of Canada
Courts martial of Canada are trials conducted by the Canadian Armed Forces. Such courts martial are authorized under the National Defence Act. Civilians with a military unit also become subject to the courts-martial system.

Most commonly, courts martial are convened to try members of the Canadian military for criminal violations of the Code of Service Discipline, which is the Canadian military's criminal code. The constitutionality of military courts martial was upheld by the Supreme Court of Canada in R v Généreux, but changes were mandated to ensure judicial independence. It was also determined that off-duty conduct can also fall under a court martial.

Since 2014, decisions of Canada's courts martial have been available online.

Decisions of Canadian courts martial can be appealed to the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada, a body made up of civilian judges, with a further appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, by leave of the Supreme Court.

Code of Service Discipline
The Code of Service Discipline (CSD) is the basis of the Canadian Forces military justice system. The CSD is designed to assist military commanders in maintaining discipline, efficiency, and morale within the Canadian Forces (CF). It is found in Part III of the National Defence Act. The CSD:

sets out who is subject to the military justice system

establishes service offences for which a person can be charged

establishes who has the authority to arrest and hold CF members in custody

establishes service tribunals and their jurisdiction to conduct trials of persons charged with service offences

establishes processes for the review and appeal of findings and sentence after trial
Bezirksoberliga Unterfranken
The Bezirksoberliga Unterfranken was the seventh tier of the German football league system in the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken). Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the sixth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fifth tier.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, when major changes to the Bavarian football league system were carried out. Above the Bezirksoberligas, the Landesligas were expanded in number from three to five divisions and the Bezirke have two to three regional leagues, the Bezirksligas, as its highest level again, similar to the system in place until 1988.

Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken, pronounced [ˈʊntɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
Japanese destroyer Uranami
At least three warships of Japan have borne the name Uranami:

Japanese destroyer Uranami (1907), a Kamikaze-class destroyer launched in 1907 and stricken in 1930

Japanese destroyer Uranami (1928), a Fubuki-class destroyer launched in 1928 and sunk in 1944

JDS Uranami (DD-105), an Ayanami-class destroyer launched in 1957 and stricken in 1986

Japanese destroyer Uranami (1928)
Uranami (浦波, "Shore Wave") was the tenth of twenty-four Fubuki-class destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy following World War I. Uranami saw heavy service in WW2. In December, immediately into the war, Uranami won a gunfight and sank the Dutch submarine O 20, took part in the invasions of Bangka and the Andaman Islands, and would see heavy action at the naval battle of Guadalcanal, where she probably torpedoed and sank the destroyer USS Benham. Uranami was sunk by Taffy 2 aircraft during the battle of Leyte Gulf.
2008 Edinburgh Sevens
The 2008 Edinburgh Sevens was the second edition of a rugby sevens (seven-a-side version of rugby union) tournament which forms part of the IRB Sevens World Series, an annual series of events for national representative teams in sevens. It took place on 31 May and 1 June at Murrayfield in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was the eighth and final Cup trophy in the 2007–08 IRB Sevens World Series.

New Zealand, which had already clinched the overall series title, put an exclamation point on their dominant season by winning the Cup competition, beating England in the final. South Africa won the second-tier Plate over the host Scots. The remaining prizes, the Bowl and Shield, respectively went to Australia and Portugal.

Portugal national rugby sevens team
The Portugal national rugby sevens team played for the first time in 1992, at the Catania Sevens, World Cup 1993 European Qualifier. The team plays in competitions such as the World Sevens Series, the European Sevens Grand Prix Series and the Rugby World Cup Sevens.
Portugal has a record of eight European titles—in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2011—although Portugal has not made the semifinals since 2012.
Pedro Leal and Gonçalo Foro are two notable sevens players.
Thomas Stangl
Thomas Stangl (21 December 1854 in Aufhausen – 4 August 1921 in Würzburg) was a German classical scholar and text critic. He is found referenced most often for his edition of scholia to Cicero's speeches (Ciceronis orationum scholiastae), especially for his work on Asconius and the Bobbio Scholiast.

In 1883 he obtained his habilitation for classical philology, and served as an associate professor (from 1900) and full professor (from 1919) at the University of Würzburg.

Scholia
Scholia (sg.: scholium or scholion, from Ancient Greek: σχόλιον, "comment", "interpretation") are grammatical, critical, or explanatory comments – original or copied from prior commentaries – which are inserted in the margin of the manuscript of ancient authors, as glosses. One who writes scholia is a scholiast. The earliest attested use of the word dates to the 1st century BC.
Loophole (1954 film)
Loophole is a 1954 American  film noir crime drama starring Barry Sullivan and Dorothy Malone. The film was directed by former editor Harold D. Schuster. Mary Beth Hughes plays the film's femme fatale. It was shot in black-and-white and produced by Allied Artists Pictures, a company that generally specialized in B-movies.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
The Arms of the One Who Loves You
"The Arms of the One Who Loves You" is a 1998 pop ballad by American recording group Xscape. The song was sent to mainstream urban radio stations in the United States on March 31, 1998 and Top 40 on April 7, 1998, and was a hit for the group. The Scott sisters share leads vocals on the song. It peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and No. 4 on the Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs chart. It sold 800,000 copies, earning a gold certification from the RIAA.

The music video for "The Arms of the One Who Loves You" was made in early February 1998.

The JD's Mood Mix samples Tyrone Davis' "In the Mood". It is an altered version of SWV's "When U Cry" which was recorded in 1997.

Tyrone Davis
Tyrone Davis (born Tyrone D. Fettson or Tyrone D. Branch, October 3, 1937 – February 9, 2005) (although many sources have his date of birth as May 4, 1938), was an American blues and soul singer with a long list of hit records over more than 20 years. Davis had three number 1 hits on the Billboard R&B chart: "Can I Change My Mind" (1968), "Turn Back the Hands of Time" (1970), and "Turning Point" (1975).
Greg Rowlands
Gregory David Rowlands (10 December 1947 – 15 August 2021) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A fullback, Rowlands represented Bay of Plenty at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on their 1976 tour of South America. He played four matches for the All Blacks on the tour including two matches against Argentina, but these were not given full international status by the New Zealand Rugby Union.

Rowlands died in Tauranga on 15 August 2021, aged 73.

1976 New Zealand rugby union tour of South America
The 1976 New Zealand rugby union tour of South America was a series of eight matches played by the New Zealand national rugby union team in Uruguay and Argentina in October and November 1976. The tour was entirely successful as the New Zealand team won all nine matches, scoring a total of 321 points with 72 conceded.

New Zealand did not award full international caps for the three international matches against the Uruguay and Argentina national teams. The match played on 29 October was also the first time Argentina played New Zealand in their history.
Willem River
The Willem River or Willem's River was named during the voyage of the Dutch East India Company ship Mauritius in 1618, under the command of Supercargo Willem Janszoon and captained by Lenaert Jacobszoon, and is one of the few features named on a nautical chart made in 1627.

It seems reasonable that Willem River was almost certainly named after Supercargo Willem Janszoon, the Commander of the ship Mauritius. Janszoon was captain of the Duyfken in 1605–1606, when part of the Gulf of Carpentaria was mapped, during the earliest documented visit to Australia by a vessel from Europe.

Caert van't Landt van d'Eendracht (transl. Chart of the Land of Eendracht) is a 1627 chart made by Hessel Gerritsz and is one of the earliest charts showing the coastline of Western Australia. The Willem River is located to the extreme left (north) end of the coastline on the chart and a closer view is provided below.

Hessel Gerritsz
Hessel Gerritsz (c. 1581 – buried 4 September 1632) was a Dutch engraver, cartographer, and publisher. A notable figure in the Golden Age of Netherlandish cartography, despite strong competition Gerritsz is considered by some "unquestionably the chief Dutch cartographer of the 17th century".
Tooro language
Tooro (/tɔːroʊ/) or Rutooro (/ruːˈtɔːroʊ/, Orutooro, Tooro pronunciation: [oɾutóːɾo]) is a Bantu language spoken mainly by the Tooro people (Abatooro) from the Tooro Kingdom in western Uganda. There are three main areas where Tooro as a language is mainly used: Kabarole District, Kyenjojo District and Kyegegwa District. Tooro is unusual among Bantu languages as it lacks lexical tone. It is most closely related to Runyoro.

Kabarole District
Kabarole District is a district in Western Uganda. Kabarole District is part of the Tooro Kingdom. Its main town was Fort Portal before 1 July 2020 when it was elevated to a city, separating it from Kabarole district. The new Kabarole district seat is proporsed in Busoro Town Council. Kabarole remains with only one county (Burahya). Bunyangabu county was curved out to form Bunyangabu district in 2017. Fort Portal Municipality constituency became Fort Portal City in 2020 with an independent local Government.
White Owl, South Dakota
White Owl (also Whiteowl) is an unincorporated rural village in east central Meade County, South Dakota, United States, with a population of 61 as of the 2010 census. It lies along Highway 34, 55 miles (89 km) east of the city of Sturgis, the county seat and was established in 1890, and opened as the first post office in Meade County in 1893. Its elevation is 2,792 feet (851 m). The village has a fashion boutique, a Baptist church, a Community Center, a graveyard, and a post office, with the ZIP code of 57792.

The community took its name from nearby White Owl Creek.

Sturgis, South Dakota
Sturgis is a city in Meade County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 7,020 as of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Meade County and is named after Samuel D. Sturgis, a Union general during the Civil War.

Sturgis is notable as the location of one of the largest annual motorcycle events in the world: the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally, which lasts for 10 days beginning on the first Friday of August. It attracts large numbers of motorcycle enthusiasts from around the world. Sturgis is also noted for hosting WCW's Hog Wild/Road Wild events from 1996 to 1999.
Trout Lake, Alberta
Trout Lake is an unincorporated community in northern Alberta within the Municipal District of Opportunity No. 17, located 48 kilometres (30 mi) east of Highway 88, 303 kilometres (188 mi) northeast of Grande Prairie.

Alberta Highway 88
Highway 88, officially named the Bicentennial Highway, is a north–south highway in Northern Alberta.

Highway 88 begins at its intersection with Highway 2  at the Town of Slave Lake, passing through Red Earth Creek and Fort Vermilion and ending at Highway 58 approximately 57 km (35 mi) east of the Town of High Level. It crosses the Peace River approximately 13 km (8.1 mi) south of Highway 58. The total length of the highway is 428 km (266 mi).
Landshut (district)
Landshut is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kelheim, Straubing-Bogen, Dingolfing-Landau, Rottal-Inn, Mühldorf, Erding and Freising. The city of Landshut is enclosed by, but does not belong to the district. It is nonetheless its administrative seat.

Landshut
Landshut (German: [ˈlantshuːt] ⓘ; Bavarian: Landshuad) is a town in Bavaria, Germany, on the banks of the River Isar. Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria, and the seat of the surrounding district. With a population of more than 75,000, Landshut is the largest city in Lower Bavaria.
Tamizh Padam
Tamizh Padam (transl. Tamil Film) is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language parody film written and directed by C. S. Amudhan in his directorial debut. The film stars Shiva and Disha Pandey. It is the first full-length spoof in Tamil cinema. It parodies contemporary commercial films and actors in Tamil cinema, mocking the stereotypical scenes.

The film was distributed by Dhayanidhi Alagiri under the banner Cloud Nine Movies. The music was composed by Kannan with cinematography by Nirav Shah and editing by T. S. Suresh. The film was released on 29 January 2010 to critical acclaim and became a commercial success. The film was later remade in Telugu as Sudigadu. A sequel called Tamizh Padam 2 was released in 2018.

Dayanidhi Azhagiri
Dhayanidhi Azhagiri is an Indian Tamil cinema producer and distributor. He is the owner of the Cloud Nine Movies banner. His grandfather was M. Karunanidhi, the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. His father is M. K. Alagiri, the former Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers.
Popular Mechanics
Popular Mechanics (often abbreviated as PM or PopMech) is a magazine of popular science and technology, featuring automotive, home, outdoor, electronics, science, do it yourself, and technology topics. Military topics, aviation and transportation of all types, space, tools and gadgets are commonly featured.

It was founded in 1902 by Henry Haven Windsor, who was the editor and—as owner of the Popular Mechanics Company—the publisher. For decades, the tagline of the monthly magazine was "Written so you can understand it." In 1958, PM was purchased by the Hearst Corporation, now Hearst Communications.

In 2013, the US edition changed from twelve to ten issues per year, and in 2014 the tagline was changed to "How your world works." The magazine added a podcast in recent years, including regular features Most Useful Podcast Ever and How Your World Works.

Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.
Clement Throckmorton (died 1663)
Sir Clement Throckmorton (c. 1630 – 10 November 1663) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  variously between 1656 and 1663.

Throckmorton was the son of Sir Clement Throckmorton of Haseley Warwickshire, and his wife Lettice Fisher, daughter of Sir Clement Fisher of Packington, Warwickshire.

In 1656, Throckmorton was elected Member of Parliament for Warwick in the Second Protectorate Parliament.

In 1660, Throckmorton was elected MP for Warwick in the Convention Parliament. He was knighted on 11 September 1660. In 1661 he was re-elected MP for Warwick for the Cavalier Parliament and sat until his death.

Cavalier Parliament
The Cavalier Parliament of England lasted from 8 May 1661 until 24 January 1679. With the exception of the Long Parliament, it was the longest-lasting English Parliament, and longer than any Great British or UK Parliament to date, enduring for nearly 18 years of the quarter-century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor, the Convention Parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist, composed mostly of Cavaliers (as opposed to the Roundheads), and is also known as the Pensioner Parliament for the many pensions it granted to adherents of the King.
Dedekind (surname)
Dedekind is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brendon Dedekind (born 1976), South African swimmer

Constantin Christian Dedekind (1628–1715), German poet, dramatist and composer

Friedrich Dedekind (1524–1598), German humanist, theologian, and bookseller

Henning Dedekind (1562–1626), German composer, grandfather of Constantin Christian Dedekind

Katja Dedekind (born 2001), Australian Paralympic swimmer and goalball player

Richard Dedekind (1831–1916), German mathematician

19293 Dedekind, asteroid named after Richard Dedekind

Richard Dedekind
Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind (/ˈdeɪdɪkɪnd/; German: [ˈdeːdəˌkɪnt]; 6 October 1831 – 12 February 1916) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to number theory, abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), and the axiomatic foundations of arithmetic. His best known contribution is the definition of real numbers through the notion of Dedekind cut. He is also considered a pioneer in the development of modern set theory and of the philosophy of mathematics known as logicism.
Blue Rhythm
Blue Rhythm is a 1931 Mickey Mouse animated short film directed by Burt Gillett, produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was the 31st short in the Mickey Mouse film series, and the seventh of that year. The plot focuses on a multifaceted performance of W. C. Handy's "St. Louis Blues". The film features the voices of Walt Disney as Mickey and Marcellite Garner as Minnie Mouse.

W. C. Handy
William Christopher Handy (November 16, 1873 – March 28, 1958) was an American composer and musician who referred to himself as the Father of the Blues. He was one of the most influential songwriters in the United States. One of many musicians who played the distinctively American blues music, Handy did not create the blues genre but was one of the first to publish music in the blues form, thereby taking the blues from a regional music style (Delta blues) with a limited audience to a new level of popularity.

Handy used elements of folk music in his compositions. He was scrupulous in documenting the sources of his works, which frequently combined stylistic influences from various performers.
Daniel Mark Epstein
Daniel Mark Epstein (born October 25, 1948) is an American poet, dramatist, and biographer. His poetry has been noted for its erotic and spiritual lyricism, as well as its power—in several dramatic monologues—in capturing crucial moments of American history. While he has continued to publish poetry he is more widely known for his biographies of Nat King Cole, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Bob Dylan and Abraham Lincoln, and his radio plays, "Star of Wonder," and "The Two Menorahs," which have become holiday mainstays on National Public Radio.

Kenyon College
Kenyon College (/ˈkɛnjən/ KEN-yən) is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1824 by Episcopal Bishop Philander Chase. It is the oldest private institution of higher education in the state of Ohio and enrolls approximately 1,800 undergraduate students. Students can choose from over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations, including self-designed majors.

The college is located on a hill overlooking the Kokosing River and neighbors Mount Vernon, Ohio. Its 1,000-acre (400 ha) campus is set in rural surroundings that host seven ecosystems. There are more than 120 student clubs and organizations. Kenyon athletes are called Owls and compete in the NCAA Division III North Coast Athletic Conference. Kenyon College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Hayden Rorke
William Henry Rorke (October 23, 1910 – August 19, 1987), known professionally as Hayden Rorke, was an American actor best known for playing Colonel Alfred E. Bellows on the 1960s American sitcom I Dream of Jeannie.

The Lone Ranger (TV series)
The Lone Ranger is an American Western television series that aired on the ABC Television network from 1949 to 1957, with Clayton Moore in the starring role. Jay Silverheels, a member of the Mohawk Aboriginal people in Canada, played the Lone Ranger's Native American companion Tonto.

John Hart replaced Moore in the title role from 1952 to 1953 owing to a contract dispute. Fred Foy, who had been both narrator and announcer of the radio series from 1948 until its ending, was the announcer. Gerald Mohr was originally employed as the narrator for the television series, but story narration was dropped after 16 episodes. The Lone Ranger was the highest-rated television program on ABC in the early 1950s and its first true "hit". The series finished number 7 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1950–1951 season, number 18 for 1951–1952, and number 29 for 1952–1953.
Comaile River
The Comaile River (also spelled Komalie) has its source between the towns of Adi Keyh and Senafe. It flows down the Eastern Escarpment of Eritrea until the small town of Foro near the Red Sea coast. At this point it merges with two other rivers, the Aligide River and the Haddas River. From this point it continues until it empties into the Red Sea. : 2

Senafe
Senafe (Arabic: صنعفى, ) is a market town in southern Eritrea, on the edge of the Eritrean Highlands ሶይራ. The name Sanafe driven from [Sana-feen] yemeni words.The surrounding area is inhabited by the Saho people and the Tigrinya people. It's well known for its cultural and religious historical background, as well as for the ruins of Metera (also known as Balaw Kalaw), Qohayto to the south, and Kaskase to the north.

The soil in the is derived from volcanic ignimbrite, and Senafe sits on the southeastern edge of a twenty kilometer wide caldera.