hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Navroze Contractor
Navroze Contractor (1944–2023), fondly known as ‘NC’, was an Indian filmmaker, cinematographer, and motorbike enthusiast. He was involved in India's parallel cinema movement and is best known for his work in Duvidha, Devi Ahilya Bai, Percy, Hun Hunshi Hunshilal, and Lalach.He shot more than 50 documentary films, many of them in collaboration with his wife and well-known filmmaker Deepa Dhanraj.

He was the only male member of Yugantar, India's first feminist collective founded in 1980 by Deepa, Abha Bhaiya, and Meera Rao.

His photos of jazz musicians are displayed at the Smithsonian Museum. Certain other photos are part of the collection at London's Tate Modern art gallery.

Parallel cinema
Parallel cinema, or New Indian Cinema, is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema.

Inspired by Italian Neorealism, Parallel Cinema began just before the French New Wave and Japanese New Wave, and was a precursor to the Indian New Wave of the 1960s. The movement was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced internationally acclaimed filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan Sinha and others. It later gained prominence in other film industries of India.

It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, symbolic elements with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times, and the general rejection of inserted song-and-dance routines that are typical of mainstream Indian films.
Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin
The Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin, originally the Diocese of Wisconsin and later the Diocese of Milwaukee, is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America located in the state of Wisconsin. It is in Province V (for the Midwest region). The diocese was originally formed in 1847, but was re-established in 2024 by the merger of the Episcopal Diocese of Eau Claire and the Episcopal Diocese of Fond du Lac into the Diocese of Milwaukee.

Reginald Heber Weller
Reginald Heber Weller, Jr. (November 6, 1857 – November 22, 1935) was an Episcopal priest and bishop active in the ecumenical movement, establishing a dialogue among Protestant, Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox Christians.
Malone Springs
Malone Springs is a watershed within the Fremont-Winema National Forest in Klamath County, Oregon, U.S. It is 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Klamath Falls on Oregon Route 140. It provides access to a multi-mile canoe route (and loop) along the westernmost edge of the Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge. Malone Springs' location allows for close encounters with the marsh of Upper Klamath Lake and views of old growth, mixed conifer forest on neighboring Pelican Butte immediately to the west.

The nearby campground offers camping, boating, fishing and wildlife viewing as well as an unimproved boat launch leading to the canoe trail.

Klamath County, Oregon
Klamath County (/ˈklæməθ/ KLAM-əth) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 69,413. The county seat is Klamath Falls. The county was named for the Klamath, the tribe of Native Americans living in the area at the time the first European explorers entered the region. Klamath County comprises the Klamath Falls, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Balabac Strait
The Balabac Strait (Filipino: Kipot ng Balabak; Malay: Selat Balabak) is one of the straits that connects the South China Sea with the Sulu Sea. It separates Balabac Island (Palawan province), Philippines, from Balambangan and the Banggi Islands north of Borneo that are a part of Malaysia's Sabah state.

Strait
A strait is a water body connecting two seas or water basins. The surface water is, for the most part, at the same elevation on both sides and can flow through the strait in either direction, although the topography generally constricts the flow somewhat. In some straits, there is a dominant directional current. Most commonly, the strait is a narrow channel that lies between two land masses. Straits are loci for sediment accumulation, with sand-sized deposits usually occurring on the two strait exits, forming subaqueous fans or deltas. Some straits are not navigable because they are too narrow, too shallow, or due to the presence of a reef or archipelago.
Thomas William Chapple
Thomas William Chapple (February 10, 1857 – November 10, 1926) was an Ontario lawyer and political figure. He represented Ontario North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1894 to 1898 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Kilkenny, Ireland in 1853, the son of William Chapple, a captain in the British Army. He was educated in London and in Newcastle, Ontario. He was called to the Ontario bar and set up practice in Uxbridge. Chapple was named judge for the Rainy River District in 1898, serving until his death.

The township of Chapple in Rainy River District was named in his honour.

Rainy River District
Rainy River District is a district and census division in Northwestern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1885. It is the only division in Ontario that lies completely in the Central Time Zone, except for the township of Atikokan (including Sapawe and Kawene to the east) observing Eastern Standard Time for part of the year. Its seat is Fort Frances. It is known for its fishing and its location on the US border opposite International Falls, Minnesota, and Baudette, Minnesota.
Samsing
Samsing is a small hill village and tourist spot in the Matiali (community development block), Malbazar subdivision of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal situated at an elevation of 3000 ft in the foothills in between Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling districts border.

Jalpaiguri
Jalpaiguri (Bengali pronunciation: [d͡ʒɔlpai̯guɽi]), is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Jalpaiguri district as well as of the Jalpaiguri division of West Bengal, covering the jurisdiction of the five districts of North Bengal. The city is located on the banks of the Teesta River and Karala River, on the foothills of the Himalayas. The city is home to the circuit bench of the Calcutta High Court, the other seat being at Port Blair in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Jalpaiguri features the Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College, the second campus of the University of North Bengal and the Biswa Bangla Krirangan/ Jalpaiguri Sports Village. It lies 35 km (22 mi) east of its twin city, Siliguri. The merging of the two cities makes it the largest metropolis of the region.
Liam Kay
Liam Kay (born 17 December 1991) is a retired Ireland international rugby league footballer.

He previously played for the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats in the Super League, and on loan from the Wildcats at Doncaster in the Kingstone Press Championship. Kay has also played for the Leigh Centurions in the Championship and the Toronto Wolfpack in the Championship and the Super League. He also spent time on loan from Toronto at Wakefield in the top flight.

Kay announced his retirement from the game following Wakefields promotion back to the Super League in 2024.

Leigh Leopards
The Leigh Leopards are a professional rugby league club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England. Leigh play homes games at Leigh Sports Village and compete in Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Leigh Leopards have won the League Championship twice and Challenge Cup three times.

The clubs traditional home colours are red and white. They have a local rivalry with Wigan Warriors.
2005 Ordina Open – Women's doubles
Lisa McShea and Milagros Sequera were the defending champions, but Sequera did not compete this year. McShea teamed up with Claudine Schaul and lost in first round to tournament runners-up Iveta Benešová and Nuria Llagostera Vives.

Anabel Medina Garrigues and Dinara Safina won the title by defeating Iveta Benešová and Nuria Llagostera Vives 6–4, 2–6, 7–6(13–11) in the final.

Lisa McShea
Lisa McShea (born 29 October 1974) is an Australian former tennis player. She played professionally from 1996 to 2006. As a junior player, McShea won the 1992 Wimbledon Championships doubles title. She was also more successful in doubles during her professional career, winning four WTA Tour and 56 ITF doubles events.
Trinity Abbey, Vendôme
Trinity Abbey, Vendôme, was a Benedictine monastery founded in 1035 in Vendôme by Geoffrey Martel and his first wife, Agnes of Burgundy. It was consecrated on 31 May 1040, one month before Geoffrey became Count of Anjou.

The abbey was under the direct authority of the Pope and nobody else. This fact was accepted by Thierry of Chartres and by King Henry I of France in 1056. In 1063, its abbot was given the rights of being a cardinal. It was often in conflict with the counts of Vendôme and some, like Geoffrey Jordan, were excommunicated.

In the 17th century, Vendôme was part of the Maurist congregation. One of the most famous Maurists, Luc d'Achery, was professed in Vendôme.

The cloister buildings were substantially demolished by the military users at the onset of the twentieth century, but what remains houses a small museum devoted to the Vendômois. The monastery manuscripts are mainly conserved at the town library. The church until recently functioned for one midweek mass.

Thierry of Chartres
Thierry of Chartres (Theodoricus Chartrensis) or Theodoric the Breton (Theodericus Brito) (died before 1155, probably 1150) was a twelfth-century philosopher working at Chartres and Paris, France.

The cathedral school at Chartres promoted scholarship before the first university was founded in France. Thierry was a major figure in twelfth-century philosophy and learning, and, like many twelfth-century scholars, is notable for his embrace of Plato's Timaeus and his application of philosophy to theological issues. Some modern scholars believed Thierry to have been a brother of Bernard of Chartres who had founded the school of Chartres, but later research has shown that this is unlikely.

Thierry became chancellor of Chartres after his predecessor, Gilbert of Poitiers, returned to his native city in 1141. John of Salisbury, Herman of Carinthia, and Clarembald of Arras were among Thierry's students.
Narrow-gauge small locomotives of the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Steam traction was the predominant form of motive power used by the Deutsche Reichsbahn on its narrow-gauge railways. For certain duties diesel locomotives were also used, albeit these were usually second-hand or rebuilt engines.

Locomotives with a gauge of 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) were classified as Kö 6001ff. and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) locomotives as Kö 6501ff.. From 1970 they were incorporated into Class 100 without regard to their gauge. This applied to all Kleinlokomotiven and they were given serial numbers from 901ff.. Due to the risk of confusion, in 1973 the narrow-gauge diesel locomotives were reclassified to 199. In addition, from 1992 they became DBAG Class 399; and once more the gauge was deducible from the serial number as follows: 1,000 mm = 399.1, 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) = 399.6, 750 mm = 399.7.

Kleinlokomotive
A Kleinlokomotive or Kleinlok (literally: "small locomotive"; plural: Kleinlokomotiven or Kleinloks) is a German locomotive of small size and low power for light shunting duties at railway stations and on industrial railways. Most are powered by diesel engines, but Kleinloks with steam, petrol, or electric engines were also produced.

After testing several trials locomotives, the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DRG) placed various types of such locomotives into service from 1930 onwards. Industrial lines and railway workshops generally procured engines of the same design.

In Switzerland Kleinlokomotiven were used as light rail motor tractors.
Michael Coghlan
Michael Coghlan (born 15 January 1985) is an English footballer who plays for Northern League club Washington.

A midfielder, Coghlan played in the Football League for Darlington and in non-league football for numerous clubs in the north-east of England.

Northern Football League
The Northern League is a British men's football league in north east England. Having been founded in 1889, it is the second-oldest football league in the world still in existence after the English Football League.

It contains two divisions; Division One and Division Two. Division One sits on the ninth tier of the English football league system, five divisions below the Football League. These leagues cover the historic counties of Durham, Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire's North Riding. The champion club of Division One is promoted to the lower division of the Northern Premier League.
Iain Glidewell
Sir Iain Glidewell PC (8 June 1924 – 8 May 2016) was a Lord Justice of Appeal and Judge of Appeal of the High Court of the Isle of Man.  He was made a privy councillor in 1985.

He was educated at Bromsgrove School and Worcester College, Oxford where he was later made an Honorary Fellow. At Gray's Inn, one of the four English Inns of Court, he held the positions of Treasurer (1995), and Master of the Bench.

In 1997 he was commissioned by the British government to review the Crown Prosecution Service. His report made recommendations to maximise efficiency within the prosecution process. Glidewell maintained his opinion that, in the United Kingdom, QCs should be appointed following the recommendation of a panel chaired by a retired Law Lord or a Lord Justice of Appeal until his death.

He died on 8 May 2016, aged 91.

Inns of Court
The Inns of Court in London are the professional associations for barristers in England and Wales. There are four Inns of Court: Gray's Inn, Lincoln's Inn, Inner Temple, and Middle Temple.

All barristers must belong to one of them. They have supervisory and disciplinary functions over their members, and provide libraries, dining facilities and professional accommodation. Each also has a church or chapel attached to it, and is a self-contained precinct where barristers traditionally train and practise. However, growth in the legal profession, together with a desire to practise from more modern and lower-rent accommodation, caused many barristers' chambers to move outside the precincts of the Inns of Court in the late 20th century.
Meadow Mari people
The Meadow Mari are a subgroup of the Mari people, a Volga Finnic ethnic group concentrated in the republic of Mari El in Russia. Meadow Mari comprise the majority of Mari in the Mari El republic. They live on the right bank of the Volga river, while the Hill Mari people live on the left bank. The ethnogenesis of these two subgroups, and formation of distinct dialects, probably took place in the 14th century. Meadow Mari comprise the majority of Mari, and their language variety is more widespread than the Hill Mari language. Meadow Mari are often considered to be distinct from the related Eastern Mari living in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan.

Meadow Mari mainly practice traditional Mari religion. They are believed to be descendants of the Azelino culture.

Hill Mari language
Hill Mari or Western Mari (кырык мары, kyryk mary) is a Uralic language closely related to Northwestern Mari and Meadow Mari, in which Hill Mari forms a Western Mari group with the former.

Hill Mari is spoken in the Gornomariysky, Yurinsky and Kilemarsky districts of Mari El, as well as in Voskresensky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. In the northern part of its distribution area, it borders the Northwestern Mari language, with which it together occupies the western regions of Mari language distribution. The main differences between Hill Mari and Meadow Mari are phonological, and to a lesser extent, morphological.

It is written using the Hill Mari Cyrillic script and is co-official with Russian as well as Meadow Mari in the Mari El Republic. Media in Hill Mari includes the newspapers Zhera and Yamdy li!, the literary journal U sem, and broadcasts on Gornomariysky Radio.
Minuscule 18
Minuscule 18 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 411 (Soden). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament. According to the colophon it was written in 1364 CE. The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginalia.

Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon (/ˈkɒləfən, -fɒn/) is a brief statement containing information about the publication of a book such as an "imprint" (the place of publication, the publisher, ISBN and the date of publication).

A colophon may include the device (logo): 69  of a printer or publisher. Colophons are traditionally printed at the ends of books (see History below for the origin of the word), but sometimes the same information appears elsewhere (when it may still be referred to as colophon) and many modern (post-1800) books bear this information on the title page or on the verso of the title leaf, which is sometimes called a biblio page or (when bearing copyright data) the copyright page.
Joseph-Geneviève de Puisaye
Joseph-Geneviève, comte de Puisaye (6 March 1755 – 13 September 1827) was a minor French nobleman who fought as a counter-revolutionary during the French Revolution, leading two unsuccessful invasions from England. He later led a group of French royalists to settle in Upper Canada, but returned to England after a few years, when that effort proved largely unsuccessful. He remained in England until his death in 1827.

France in the early modern period
During the early modern period, from the Renaissance (c. 1500–1550) to the Revolution (1789–1804), the Kingdom of France was a monarchy ruled by the House of Bourbon (a Capetian cadet branch). This corresponds to the so-called Ancien Régime ("old rule"). The territory of France during this period increased until it included essentially the extent of the modern country, and it also included the territories of the first French colonial empire overseas.

The period is dominated by the figure of the "Sun King", Louis XIV (his reign of 1643–1715 being one of the longest in history), who managed to eliminate the remnants of medieval feudalism and established a centralized state under an absolute monarch, a system that would endure until the French Revolution and beyond.
2016–17 I liga
The 2016–17 I liga (currently named Nice I liga due to sponsorship reasons) was the 9th season of the Polish I liga under its current title, and the 69th season of the second highest division in the Polish football league system since its establishment in 1949. The league is operated by the Polish Football Association (PZPN). The league is contested by 18 teams. The regular season was played in a round-robin tournament. The season began on 29 July 2016, and concluded on 4 June 2017. After the 19th matchday the league will be on winter break between 28 November 2016 and 2 March 2017.

According to the competition rules, all clubs are required to field at least one youth player (born in 1996 or later and Polish or trained in Poland) in every game (except for the times when the only youth player on the roster is sent off or unable to continue playing).

Polish Football Association
The Polish Football Association (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Nożnej; PZPN) is the governing body of association football in Poland. It organizes the Polish football leagues (without the Ekstraklasa), the national cups, and manages the men's and women's national teams. It also runs the national futsal and beach soccer competitions. It is based in the Polish capital of Warsaw.
Adam Almiliby
Adam Almiliby was a Portuguese Jew who, together with Isaac Belamy, was appointed a farmer of the royal taxes in 1353 by King Alfonso IV. By virtue of this office both were exempted from wearing the Jew-badge, and were endowed with power to enforce the collection of the royal customs. During their term of office the Jews of Portugal were relieved of all imposts except the poll-tax.

Tax farming
Farming or tax-farming is  a technique of financial management in which the management of a variable revenue stream is assigned by legal contract to a third party and the holder of the revenue stream receives fixed periodic rents from the contractor. It is most commonly used in public finance, where governments (the lessors) lease or assign the right to collect and retain the whole of the tax revenue to a private financier (the farmer), who is charged with paying fixed sums (sometimes called "rents", but with a different meaning from the common modern term) into the treasury.

Farming in this sense has nothing to do with agriculture, other than in a metaphorical sense.
Cnephasia cupressivorana
Cnephasia cupressivorana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and in Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Croatia, Slovenia, Albania, Romania, North Macedonia, Greece, Asia Minor and Kyrgyzstan.

The wingspan is 16–20 mm. Adults are on wing from March to the end of May, probably in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Cupressus, Scrophularia and Prunus armeniaca.

Scrophularia
The genus Scrophularia of the family Scrophulariaceae comprises about 200 species of herbaceous flowering plants commonly known as figworts. Species of Scrophularia all share square stems, opposite leaves and open two-lipped flowers forming clusters at the end of their stems. The genus is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

Scrophularia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Phymatopus hectoides.

Some species in this genus are known to contain potentially useful substances, such as iridoids, and several Scrophularia species, such as the Ningpo figwort (S. ningpoensis), have been used by herbal medicine practitioners around the world. The name Scrophularia comes from scrofula, a form of tuberculosis, because several species have been used in herbal medicine for this disease.
Nikola Franković
Nikola Franković (born 9 November 1982) is a retired Croatian male water polo player. He was a member of the Croatia men's national water polo team, playing as a driver. He was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. On club level he played for VK Primorje and HAVK Mladost in Croatia. With Mladost, Franković won the national championship in 2008.

Croatian First League of Water Polo
The Croatian First League of Water Polo (Croatian: Prva hrvatska vaterpolo liga) is the top water polo league in Croatia.

The league was formed in 1991 with the dissolution of the Yugoslav First League of Water Polo and its first season started in 1992. The league is operated by the Croatian Water Polo Federation.
Alahan Panjang
Alahan Panjang is a village in the kecamatan of Lembah Gumanti, Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The village is located  on Kerinci Seblat National Park's eastern slopes, at an altitude of 1,400–1,600 metres (4,600–5,200 ft), near Mount Talang. Situated between Alahan Panjang and the other nearby major town of Muara Labuh are the subvillages of Air Dingin Barat, Alang Laweh, and Sungai Kalau II.

Mount Talang
Mount Talang (Indonesian: Gunung Talang) (2,597 m [8,520 ft]) is an active stratovolcano  in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Talang has two crater lakes on its flanks, the largest of which is 1 by 2 kilometres (0.62 mi × 1.24 mi) wide and is called Lake Talang.

According to the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program, Mount Talang has had eight confirmed eruptions between 1833 and 1968. A minor eruption followed in April 2005, over 25,000 inhabitants of the local area being evacuated due to fears of further volcanic eruptions. Geologists say that the eruption in April 2005 is connected to the devastating December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.

The pitcher plant Nepenthes talangensis is named after the mountain and is thought to be endemic to its upper slopes.