hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DF-31
The Dong Feng 31 (simplified Chinese: 东风-31; traditional Chinese: 東風-31; lit. 'East Wind-31'; NATO reporting name CSS-10) is a third-generation, long-range, road-mobile, intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). Developed by the People's Republic of China (PRC) and operated by the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF), this three-stage, solid-fuel missile in the Dongfeng missile series is designed to carry a single 425-kiloton thermonuclear weapon. It is a land-based variant of the JL-2, a submarine-launched ballistic missile.

In 2009, the Chinese inventory was estimated at fewer than 15 DF-31 missiles and fewer than 15 DF-31A missiles. The National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC) estimated that, as of June 2017, five to ten Mod 1 and over fifteen Mod 2 launchers were operationally deployed.

TNT equivalent
TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion. A ton of TNT equivalent is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). It is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (megagram) of trinitrotoluene (TNT). In other words, for each gram of TNT exploded, 4.184 kilojoules (or 4184 joules) of energy are released.
This convention intends to compare the destructiveness of an event with that of conventional explosive materials, of which TNT is a typical example, although other conventional explosives such as dynamite contain more energy.
A related concept is the physical quantity TNT-equivalent mass (or mass of TNT equivalent), expressed in the ordinary units of mass and its multiples: kilogram (kg), megagram (Mg) or tonne (t), etc.
He Zhi
He Zhi (fl. 264–280), courtesy name Yuangan, was an official of the state of Eastern Wu during the late Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China. He was a younger brother of Lady He, who married Sun He, a son and former heir apparent of the first Wu emperor Sun Quan. In 264, Sun He and Lady He's son, Sun Hao, ascended the throne as the fourth and last emperor of Wu. He Zhi, as a maternal uncle of the reigning emperor, rose to a more prominent position in the Wu government. In 279, Sun Hao appointed He Zhi as Minister over the Masses when Guo Ma started a rebellion in Wu, and ordered his maternal uncle and others to lead troops to suppress the revolt. In the following year, the Jin dynasty conquered Wu, after which Sun Hao surrendered. It is not known what happened to He Zhi after the fall of Wu.

Situ (office)
Situ was one of the highest ranking government offices in ancient China. Established in the Western Zhou dynasty, it was originally written as 司土 (pinyin: Sītǔ), meaning Administrator of Land.

During the Han dynasty, the title became written with the different characters 司徒 (pinyin: Sītú; lit. 'Administrator of people'), which is translated variously as Minister over the Masses or Excellency over the Masses. It was one of the three most important official posts during the Han dynasty, called the Three Excellencies. The nominal salary for the post was 20,000 dàn (石) of grain.

The title is the origin of the surname Situ.
Scott baronets
There have been twelve baronetcies created for people with the surname Scott, one in the Baronetage of England, two in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, and nine in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

Scott baronets of Kew Green (1653)

Scott baronets, of Thirlestane (1666): see the Lord Napier

Scott baronets of Ancrum (1671)

Scott baronets of Great Barr 1806

Sibbald, later Scott baronets, of Dunninald (1806): see Sibbald baronets of Dunninald (1806)

Scott baronets of Abbotsford (1820)

Scott baronets of Lytchet Minster (1821)

Scott baronets of Connaught Place (1899): see Sir John Scott, 1st Baronet of Connaught Place (1847–1912)

Scott baronets of Beauclerc (1907)

Scott baronets of the Yews (1909)

Scott baronets of Witley (1913)

Scott baronets of Rotherfield Park (1962)

Sibbald baronets of Dunninald (1806)
The Sibbald, later Scott baronetcy, of Dunninald in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 13 December 1806 for James Sibbald. The title became extinct on the death of the fifth Baronet in 1945.
Missoula County, Montana
Missoula County (/mɪˈzuːlə/ ⓘ miz-OO-lə) is a county located in the state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 117,922, making it Montana's third most populous county. Its county seat and most populous city is Missoula. The county was founded in 1860. Missoula County comprises the Missoula, MT Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is not a consolidated city-county.

Deer Lodge County, Montana
Deer Lodge County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,421. It forms a consolidated city-county government with its county seat of Anaconda. The county was established in 1865. It has had a city-county consolidated government since 1977.
Kumana National Park
Kumana National Park in Sri Lanka is renowned for its avifauna, particularly its large flocks of migratory waterfowl and wading birds. The park is 391 kilometres (243 mi) southeast of Colombo on Sri Lanka's southeastern coast. Kumana is contiguous with Yala National Park, and was formerly known as Yala East National Park and was renamed to its present name in 2006.

The park was closed from 1985 to March 2003 due to LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam) attacks. It was also affected by the Boxing Day tsunami in 2004.

Black-necked stork
The black-necked stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus) is a tall long-necked wading bird in the stork family. It is a resident species across the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia with a disjunct population in Australia. It lives in wetland habitats and near fields of certain crops such as rice and wheat where it forages for a wide range of animal prey. Adult birds of both sexes have a heavy bill and are patterned in white and irridescent blacks, but the sexes differ in the colour of the iris with females sporting yellow irises and males having dark-coloured irises. In Australia, it is known as a jabiru although that name refers to a stork species found in the Americas. It is one of the few storks that are strongly territorial when feeding and breeding.
Phi Alpha Literary Society
Phi Alpha (ΦΑ) is a men's Literary Society founded in 1845 at Illinois College in Jacksonville, Illinois. It conducts business meetings, literary productions, and other activities in Beecher Hall, the oldest college building in Illinois.

Literary society
A literary society is a group of people interested in literature. In the modern sense, this refers to a orgaization which promotes the reception of a genre of writing or a specific author. Modern literary societies typically promote research, publish newsletters, and hold meetings where findings can be presented and discussed. Some are more academic and scholarly, while others are more social groups of amateurs who appreciate a chance to discuss their favourite writer with other hobbyists.

Historically, "literary society" has also referred to salons such as those of Madame de Stael, Madame Geoffrin and Madame de Tencin in Ancien Regime France, though these could more accurately be considered literary circles or coteries. Another meaning was of college literary societies, student groups specific to the United States.

The oldest formal societies for writing and promoting poetry are the chambers of rhetoric in the Low Countries, which date back to the Middle Ages.
Sieges of Pereiaslav
The sieges of Pereiaslav in 1661–1662  are episodes of the Ruin and the Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667.Yuri Khmelnitsky, the Hetman of Right-Bank Ukraine, who went over to the side of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, twice attempted to take Pereiaslav, which was defended by his uncle, Yakym Somko, who led the Left-Bank opposition to Khmelnitsky, and a garrison of tsarist troops led by Prince Volkonsky-Verigin.

Yurii Khmelnytsky
Yurii Khmelnytsky (Ruthenian: Юрый Хмелницкій / Юрий Хмелницкий / Юрій Хмелницкій; Ukrainian: Юрій Хмельницький, Polish: Jerzy Chmielnicki, Russian: Юрий Хмельницкий), monastic name Hedeon (1641 – 1685(?)), younger son of the famous Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky and brother of Tymofiy Khmelnytsky, was a Zaporozhian Cossack political and military leader. Although he spent half of his adult life as a monk and archimandrite, he also was Hetman of Ukraine on several occasions — in 1659-1660 and 1678–1681 and starost of Hadiach, becoming one of the most well-known Ukrainian politicians of the "Ruin" period for the Cossack Hetmanate.
CBN Ogbogbo
Christopher Bankole Ndubisi Ogbogbo (born 10 October 1963) is a Nigerian lawyer and professor of history. He is the former head of the Department of History, University of Ibadan, the Emeritus President of the Historical Society of Nigeria (2014 – 2018), and the Substantive Vice Chancellor of Admiralty University of Nigeria.

Historical Society of Nigeria
The Historical Society of Nigeria (HSN) is the oldest professional association of historians in Nigeria. It was founded at University College Ibadan (which is now known as the University of Ibadan), in 1955. Kenneth O. Dike and Abdullahi Smith were the founders.

The following year the society founded a professional journal, the Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria, and later published a second journal, Tarikh, as well as quarterly bulletins. It also runs annual congresses.

Dike served as the inaugural president. By 1957, when the society's second annual congress was held at Ibadan, there were more than 350 members. The society is described as "one of the most energetic and illustrious of many such societies across the continent" for its activities during the 1950s and 1960s.
Sentimental Me (album)
Sentimental Me is the fourth studio album by Wet Wet Wet frontman Marti Pellow. Released on 14 April 2008, the album was preceded by the single "Take a Letter, Miss Jones".

The album sees Marti explore new territory, taking on a number of classic jazz standards, together with multi-award winning jazz pianist Jim Watson.  All instrumentation was arranged by Marti himself, with a stronger focus on the tempo, enabling a move away from the big band feel usually associated with some of these tracks. The album includes one original composition, "Chicago Rose", written with frequent collaborators Chris Difford and James Hallawell.

Chris Difford
Christopher Henry Difford (born 4 November 1954) is an English musician. He is a founding member and songwriter of the rock group Squeeze.

Difford is known for his songwriting partnership with Squeeze co-founder Glenn Tilbrook with the pair having released fifteen studio albums together as Squeeze, and an album in 1984 as Difford & Tilbrook.
Rhabdolepis
Rhabdolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Asselian age of the Cisuralian (early Permian) epoch in what is now Germany (Rhineland-Palatine, Saarland) and France (Burgundy).

Two species are known, Rhabdolepis macroptera (=Amblypterus macropterus (Bronn, 1829)) and R. saarbrueckensis.

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
Volodino, Vladimir Oblast
Volodino (Russian: Володино) is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. There are five streets.

Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast
Alexandrovsky District (Russian: Алекса́ндровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,834 square kilometers (708 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Alexandrov. Population: 105,927 (2021 Census); 113,900 (2010 Census); 55,207 (2002 Census); 26,258 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Alexandrov accounts for 53.9% of the total district's population.
1995 Big Ten Conference football season
The 1995 Big Ten Conference football season was the 100th season of college football played by the member schools of the Big Ten Conference and was a part of the 1995 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The Big Ten recognized its centennial year with commemorative patches worn on the uniforms of all of its teams.

1996 Rose Bowl
The 1996 Rose Bowl was the 82nd Rose Bowl Game. It was the 50th game in the series featuring the Big Ten Conference and the Pacific-10 Conference. The USC Trojans defeated the Northwestern Wildcats, 41–32, on the strength of two touchdown passes from USC quarterback Brad Otton to wide receiver Keyshawn Johnson. Johnson was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game.
Lemolo Lake
Lemolo Lake (ləmolo--Chinook Jargon for "wild" or "untamed") is a small lake and reservoir in Douglas County, Oregon in the Umpqua National Forest 30 miles (48 km) north of Crater Lake National Park, on the North Umpqua River. It is part of the Diamond Lake Ranger district, and is administered by the United States Forest Service.

Douglas County, Oregon
Douglas County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,201. The county seat is Roseburg. The county is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, Oregon micropolitan statistical area. In area, Douglas County is the largest county west of the Oregon Cascades.
Pogăceaua
Pogăceaua (Hungarian: Mezőpagocsa [ˈmɛzøːpɒɡotʃɒ]) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of ten villages: Bologaia (Balogéja), Ciulea (Csulja), Deleni (Ökröstó), Fântâna Babii, Pârâu Crucii, Pogăceaua, Scurta, Sicele, Valea Sânpetrului, and Văleni.

The commune lies in the Transylvanian Plain, on the banks of the river Șes and its left tributary, Bologa. It is located in the western part of the county, 33 km (21 mi) northwest of the county seat, Târgu Mureș.

As of the 2011 census, Pogăceaua had a population of 2,117, of which 82.2% were Romanians, 15.1% Roma, and 1.3% Hungarians. At the 2021 census, the commune had a population of 1,890; of those, 76.51% were Romanians and 16.61% Roma.

Transylvanian Plain
The Transylvanian Plain (Romanian: Câmpia Transilvaniei; Hungarian: Mezőség, lit. 'plain area') is an ethnogeographical area in Transylvania, Romania, located between the Someșul Mare and the Someșul Mic rivers to the north and west and the Mureș River to the south and east. It is populated by both ethnic Romanians and ethnic Hungarians.

The Transylvanian Plain can be divided into two parts: a hilly one in the northeast and a flatter one in the south and west.

Important villages in the Transylvanian Plain include Sic (in Hungarian, Szék; a former salt-mining town), Mociu (Mócs), Jucu (Zsuk), Band (Mezőbánd), Suatu (Magyarszovát), and Unguraș (Bálványosváralja).
Ewald Janusz
Ewald Stefan Janusz (13 December 1940 in Czechowice-Dziedzice – 9 June 2017) was a Polish sprint canoer who competed in the late 1960s. He finished eighth in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's K-4 1000 metres
The men's K-4 1000 metres event was a fours kayaking event conducted as part of the Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics program. In the official report, heat results were shown in tenths of a second (0.1) while the remaining events were shown in hundredths of a second (0.01).
Sinarmas MSIG Tower
Sinarmas MSIG Tower is a skyscraper at Sudirman Avenue, Jakarta, Indonesia. The 48 story building was completed in 2015, construction having begun in 2012. Architecturally the tower is 248 meters tall. The building serves as the headquarters of Indonesian insurance company Sinarmas MSIG. 
The tower was built using modern and environmentally friendly principles and materials such as Low E Glass, a double glass system that can reduce heat and sound leakage, as the embodiment of a building with energy efficiency. 
In addition it has Building Automation System (BAS) to control water, electricity, and air conditioning.

Jalan Jenderal Sudirman
Jalan Jenderal Sudirman (General Sudirman Avenue) or  Jalan Sudirman (Sudirman Avenue) is a major thoroughfare in Jakarta, Indonesia. Named after Indonesian national hero Sudirman, the road runs from Patung Pemuda Membangun at the south end to the bridge of the West Flood Canal to the north, where it meets Jalan M.H. Thamrin. The road had been built between 1949 and 1953 to connect Central Jakarta with Kebayoran Baru, now the road has become the financial center of the country.
Almost chess
Almost chess is a chess variant invented by Ralph Betza in 1977. The game is played using a standard chessboard and pieces, except that each player's queen is replaced by a chancellor, a piece which combines the moves of the rook and the knight.

Almost chess was featured in NOST magazine Nost-algia, beginning with issue 205.

Knight (chess)
The knight (♘, ♞) is a piece in the game of chess. It moves two squares vertically and one square horizontally, or two squares horizontally and one square vertically, jumping over other pieces. Each player starts the game with two knights on the b- and g-files, each located between a rook and a bishop.
Akoto Ampaw
Anthony Akoto Ampaw (1950 – 20 October 2023), also known as Sheey Sheey, was a Ghanaian lawyer and human rights activist. He was the head of the legal team defending President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo's win in the 2020 Presidential elections at the Supreme Court of Ghana.

Supreme Court of Ghana
The Supreme Court of Ghana is the highest judicial body in Ghana. Ghana's 1992 constitution guarantees the independence and separation of the Judiciary from the Legislative and the Executive arms of government.

The Supreme Court of Ghana has the final say on legal matters and can overturn lower court decisions. The Court consists of nine justices and hears cases on a wide range of issues, including criminal law, civil law, and administrative law.
Smog (1/3)
Smog is a public artwork by American artist Tony Smith located to the south east of McCardell Bicentennial Hall on the Middlebury College campus, in Middlebury, Vermont. An example of minimalist sculpture, the piece is a lattice of 45 octahedra, standing on 22 tetrahedra, and topped with 15 prisms. It is fabricated from aluminum, painted black. This work is first in an edition of three, with one artist's proof.

Lippincotts, LLC was commissioned by the estate of the artist to manage the construction of this artwork, and the piece was fabricated by WeldingWorks, Inc. of Madison, Connecticut in 2000.

Octahedron
In geometry, an octahedron (pl.: octahedra or octahedrons) is any polyhedron with eight faces. One special case is the regular octahedron, a Platonic solid composed of eight equilateral triangles, four of which meet at each vertex. Many types of irregular octahedra also exist, including both convex and non-convex shapes.
The Nineteenth Century Club
The Nineteenth Century Club is a historic philanthropic and cultural women's club based in Memphis, Tennessee. The Nineteenth Century Club adopted the idea that the community was an extended "household" that would benefit from the "gentler spirit" and "uplifting influence" of women, and shifted towards civic reform. The club primarily focused on the needs of women and children, addressing public problems such as sanitation, health, education, employment, and labor conditions.

Reformism (historical)
Reformism is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or also a political system closer to the community's ideal. A reform movement is distinguished from more radical social movements such as revolutionary movements which reject those old ideals, in that the ideas are often grounded in liberalism, although they may be rooted in socialist (specifically, social democratic) or religious concepts. Some rely on personal transformation; others rely on small collectives, such as Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel and the self-sustaining village economy, as a mode of social change. Reactionary movements, which can arise against any of these, attempt to put things back the way they were before any successes the new reform movement(s) enjoyed, or to prevent any such successes.
Mannar Hospital
Mannar Hospital is a government hospital in Mannar, Sri Lanka. It is the leading hospital in Mannar District and is controlled by the provincial government in Jaffna. As of 2010 it had 350 beds. The hospital is sometimes called Mannar District General Hospital or Mannar Base Hospital.

Mannar, Sri Lanka
Mannar (Tamil: மன்னார், romanized: Maṉṉār, IPA: [mɐnːaːɾ]; Sinhala: මන්නාරම, romanized: Mannārama, IPA: [mənːaːrəmə]), formerly spelled Manar, is the main town of Mannar District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It is governed by an Urban Council. The town is located on Mannar Island overlooking the Gulf of Mannar and is home to the historic Ketheeswaram temple. In the Tamil language, Mannar means 'raised place [of sand]', which is thought to have come from the geology of Mannar Island which was formed by the accumulation of sand.
Celebrity Duets Arab World
Celebrity Duets is the Arabic version of the American program  Celebrity Duets, where Arab’s most prominent professional singers team up with 13 non-singing celebrities from different backgrounds, in front of a live studio audience, a panel of judges, and viewers who get to vote them off, in a weekly elimination competition.

A panel of judges will give their opinion after each performance, although the final call on who remains in the running is the audience's, through SMS voting.

The prize money earned at the end of each episode will be donated to a charity selected by the leaving contestant.

Celebrity Duets
Celebrity Duets is an American reality television show, of the progressive game-show type, which combined celebrities of different backgrounds with professional singers in a weekly elimination competition.
Rapallo railway station
Rapallo railway station (Italian: Stazione di Rapallo) serves the town and comune of Rapallo, in the Liguria region, northwestern Italy.  Opened in 1868, it forms part of the Pisa–La Spezia–Genoa railway, and is situated between La Spezia and Genoa.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services to and from the station are operated by Trenitalia.  All of these companies are subsidiaries of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Centostazioni
Centostazioni S.p.A. (English: 100 Stations) is a subsidiary of Italian holding company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. The company was created to redevelop and manage 103 medium-sized Italian railway stations.