hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pastor Fido
Pastor Fido; Or, The Faithful Shepherd is a 1676 tragicomedy by the English writer Elkanah Settle. It was first performed by the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre in London. It is inspired by Giovanni Battista Guarini's pastoral work Il pastor fido.

The original cast included Matthew Medbourne as Montano, John Crosby as Sylvio, William Smith as Mirtillo, Thomas Betterton as Sylvano, Henry Norris as Ergasto, Thomas Percival as Carino, John Richards as Dameta, Thomas Gillow as  Lynco, Mary Betterton as Amaryllis, Mary Lee as Corisca and Margaret Hughes as Gerana.

Mary Saunderson
Mary Saunderson (1637–1712), later known as Mary Saunderson Betterton after her marriage to Thomas Betterton, was an actress and singer in England during the 1660s and 1690s. She is considered one of the first English actresses.
Campaign on granting Nizami the status of the national poet of Azerbaijan
Campaign on granting Nizami the status of the national poet of Azerbaijan (the term Azerbaijanization  is also used) is a politically and ideologically motivated distortion of the historical record of the national-cultural origin of one of the classics of Persian poetry, Nizami Ganjavi, which began in the USSR in the late 1930s and was arranged to coincide with the celebration of the 800th anniversary of the poet. The campaign was crowned with jubilee celebrations in 1947 but its effects continue up to this day: on one hand this process was beneficial for many cultures of the multi-cultural Soviet Union and for the Azerbaijani culture in the first place; on the other hand this brought to an extreme politicization of the question on Nizami's cultural-national identity in the USSR and in modern Azerbaijan.

Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja (/ˈɡændʒə/; Azerbaijani: Gəncə [ɟænˈdʒæ] ⓘ) is Azerbaijan's second largest city, with a population of around 335,600. The city has been a historic and cultural center throughout most of its existence. It was the capital of the Ganja Khanate until 1804; after Qajar Iran ceded it to the Russian Empire following the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, it became part of the administrative divisions of the Georgia Governorate, Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, Tiflis Governorate, and Elizavetpol Governorate. Following the dissolution of the Russian Empire and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, it became a part of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, followed by the Azerbaijan SSR, and, since 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan.
John Roome
John Roome (born 26 August 1968, a.k.a. Witchman) is a hip hop/breakbeat artist who has worked with The Orb and The Jungle Brothers.

Having completed the score on five movies (Messengers, Dead End Road, Song of Songs, Want and Final Curtain) he has provided material for John Leguizamo's Undefeated and Into the Sun, as well as John Carpenter's Masters of Horror.

Roome has contributed music to various other projects including popular television shows like Cold Case, CSI: Miami, CSI: NY, Nip Tuck and Las Vegas. Most recently completed is the score for Sega's Full Auto video game for the Xbox 360 (PS3 to follow) and music for the Miami Vice film trailer.
It has been confirmed that John will be the composer for two up and coming feature films, Death Walks the Streets and Lost Not Found.

The Final Curtain (film)
The Final Curtain is a 2002 British film directed by Patrick Harkins and starring Peter O'Toole.

It tells the story of J. J. Curtis, an aging gameshow host played by O'Toole, who hires novelist Jonathan Stitch (Adrian Lester) to pen his biography, in the hope of sealing his immortality in the hearts and minds of the British public. This is made more difficult by his rivalry with fellow gameshow host Dave Turner (Aidan Gillen), and events from his past.
Miguel Alemán Magnani
Miguel Alemán Magnani is a Mexican tycoon who was the president and CEO of Mexican airline Interjet, which was facing liquidation on a  federal court order as of April 2023. Magnani is the son of ex-politician and Grupo Alemán president and CEO Miguel Alemán Velasco, and actress and former Miss Universe 1953 Christiane Martel. He is the grandson of the Mexican president from 1946 to 1952, Miguel Alemán Valdés.

In April 2020, Interjet and the Tax Administration Service (SAT) reached an agreement on payment of its MXN $549.3 million debt. Interjet declared "technical bankruptcy" in August 2019 due to poor investments, including those in the Mexico City Texcoco Airport (NAIM). Interjet suspended its flights on March 24, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Interjet's agreement to pay its taxes came after the SAT seized the property of the Miguel Alemán Valdés Foundation in Polanco, Mexico City.

In December 2020, Magnani was replaced as president of Interjet.

COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
The COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

The virus was confirmed to have reached Mexico in February 2020. However, the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) reported two cases of COVID-19 in mid-January 2020 in the states of Nayarit and Tabasco, with one case per state.

The Secretariat of Health, through the "Programa Centinela" (Spanish for "Sentinel Program"), estimated in mid-July 2020 that there were more than 2,875,734 cases in Mexico because they were considering the total number of cases confirmed as just a statistical sample.
Maps of castles in England by county: B–K
The castles displayed on each map are those listed in the List of castles in England for the corresponding county.
Click on the red or green dot to display a detailed map showing the location of the castle.  Green dots represent for the most part castles of which substantial remains survive, red dots represent castles of which only earthworks or vestiges survive, or in a few cases castles of which there are no visible remains.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Baqerabad Castle
Baqerabad Castle (Persian: قلعه باقرآباد) is a Qajar era castle in Bafq county, Yazd province, Iran.

The castle was built on the order of Abdorrahim Khan Bafqi, son of Mohammad Taqi khan Bafqi in 3 stages.

The castle has 45 rooms and 2 watchtowers. It was constructed as a shelter for the people of the village against bandits and was at times used as a grains stockpile.

The castle was listed among the national heritage sites of Iran with the number 13000 on August 13, 2005.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Düppel
Düppel can refer to:

The German name for Dybbøl, a town in Denmark famed for an 1864 battle

Düppel (Berlin), a forest and neighbourhood in Berlin, Germany

Chaff (radar countermeasure), historically known as Düppel after the neighborhood in which it was developed during World War 2

Chaff (countermeasure)
Chaff, originally called Window or Düppel, is a radar countermeasure involving the dispersal of thin strips of aluminium, metallized glass fiber, or plastic. Dispersed chaff produces a large radar cross section intended to blind or disrupt radar systems.

Modern military forces use chaff to distract active radar homing missiles from their targets. Military aircraft and warships can be equipped with chaff dispensing systems for self-defense. During its midcourse phase, an intercontinental ballistic missile may release chaff along with its other penetration aids.

Contemporary radar systems can distinguish chaff from legitimate targets by measuring the Doppler effect; chaff quickly loses speed after leaving an aircraft, and the resulting shift in wavelength of the radar return can be measured. To counter this, a chaff cloud can be illuminated by the defending vehicle with a doppler-corrected frequency. This is known as JAFF (jammer plus chaff) or CHILL (chaff-illuminated).
Carrie Diaz Eaton
Carrie Diaz Eaton is an associate professor of digital and computational studies at Bates College, a co-founder of QUBES (Quantitative Undergraduate Biology Education and Synthesis), and project director for Math Mamas.  Diaz Eaton is a 1st generation Latina of Peruvian descent and White American and is also known for her work in social justice in STEM higher education.

Diaz Eaton currently serves as the chair for the committee for minority participation in mathematics for the Mathematical Association of America (MAA), on the editorial boards of PRIMUS: Problems, Resources, and Issues in Mathematics Undergraduate Studies and CourseSource, and is an MAA Values Leader. She has also served as the past program chair and electronic communications chair of BIO SIGMAA, as Education Subgroup Chair for the Society for Mathematical Biology, and for the Editorial Board for Letters in Biomathematics.

Unity Environmental University
Unity Environmental University (formerly Unity College) is a private university in New Gloucester, Maine, United States. It offers in-person and online associate, baccalaureate, and master's degree programs on sustainability and environmental science. Unity is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education and is classified among "M3: Master’s Colleges and Universities – Small programs".

Initially founded as a residential institute in Unity, Maine, the university expanded into online education in 2016 which grew both its enrollment and number of academic programs. The university moved its online program to the Pineland Farms campus in New Gloucester in 2019 and later relocated their administrative headquarters there. It also operates a farm and indoor growing facility in Thorndike and an outdoor center in Moose River.
Konewka, Łódź Voivodeship
Konewka [kɔˈnɛfka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Inowłódz, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Inowłódz, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

There is a preserved bunker complex from World War II in the village, now housing a museum.

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
Amarna letter EA 325
Amarna letter EA 325, titled: "Preparations Completed (2)," is a shorter-length clay tablet Amarna letter from Yidya the governor-'mayor' of Ašqaluna. It is a letter addressing the Pharaoh in high terms, as well as stating the 'governor of Ašqaluna' is making preparations for the arrival of the Pharaoh's archer-army, the archers (Egyptian pitati). EA 325 is a vassal-state letter (from Canaan), and has some similar appearances, for example appearing like letters EA 270 and EA 271.

Ša
The cuneiform ša sign is a common, multi-use sign, a syllabic for ša, and an alphabetic sign used for š, or a; it is common in both the Epic of Gilgamesh over hundreds of years, and the 1350 BC Amarna letters.

Besides ša usage in word components of verbs, nouns, etc., it has a major usage between words. In Akkadian, for English language "who", it is an interrogative pronoun; in the Akkadian language as ša, (as "that", "what"; ("that (of)", "which (of)"), in English it used for who, what, which, etc..
Bishop John C. Kilgo House
Bishop John C. Kilgo House is a historic home located at Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. It was built in 1915, and is a two-story, three-bay, frame dwelling with Colonial Revival and Bungalow / American Craftsman design elements. It has a hipped roof, cubic main block with a later, 1950s rear, two-story, two-bay, gable-roofed addition. The front facade features a center bay, one-story entry porch with Tuscan order columns. It was built for Bishop John C. Kilgo (1861–1922), bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Mecklenburg County (/ˈmɛklənˌbɜːrɡ/) is a county located in the southwestern region of the U.S. state of North Carolina, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,115,482, making it the second-most populous county in North Carolina (after Wake County), and the first county in the Carolinas to surpass one million in population.  Its county seat is Charlotte, the state's largest municipality.

Mecklenburg County is the central county of the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. On September 12, 2013, it was estimated the county surpassed one million residents.

Like its seat, the county is named after Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of the United Kingdom (1761–1818), whose name is derived from the region of Mecklenburg in Germany. It was named for Mecklenburg Castle (Mecklenburg meaning "large castle" in Low German) in the village of Dorf Mecklenburg.
Red Maple Farm
Red Maple Farm, also known as Gulick House, is a historic house and bed and breakfast located on Raymond Road west of the Monmouth Junction section of South Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1979, for its significance in agriculture and architecture. In addition to the main house, a smoke house and barn contribute to the property.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
William Hardie (bishop of Ballarat)
Christianity portal

William Auchterlonie Hardie was the sixth Anglican Bishop of Ballarat from 1961 to 1975.

Hardie was born on 14 October 1904. He was educated at the University of Queensland and ordained in 1931.  Hardie married Katherine Elizabeth ("Betty") Weeks, daughter of William Charles and Alice Maude Weeks, at Holy Trinity Church, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, on 18 June 1932. His first ministry position was as a  curate at Holy Trinity, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, after which he was chaplain at the Southport School before becoming the rector of Holy Trinity, Woolloongabba, Queensland.  He was then appointed Warden of St John's College, Brisbane, after which he was Archdeacon of Moreton and then Dean of Newcastle where he remained until being appointed to the episcopate. He was consecrated a bishop on 2 February 1961 at St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne. He died on 31 January 1980.

The Southport School
The Southport School (TSS) is an independent Anglican early learning, primary and secondary day and boarding school for boys, located in Southport, a suburb on the Gold Coast of Queensland, Australia.

Established in 1901 by the Revd Horace Henry Dixon, TSS is the oldest Anglican boys' boarding school in Queensland and the only all-boys boarding school on the Gold Coast. The school has a non-selective enrolment policy and currently caters for approximately 1305 students from early learning to Year 12, including 276 boarders from Years 7 to 12.

The school is affiliated with the Australian Boarding Schools Association (ABSA), the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA), the Independent Primary School Heads of Australia (IPSHA), Independent Schools Queensland (ISQ), and has been a member of the Great Public Schools Association of Queensland (GPS) since 1920.
Shanksville, Pennsylvania
Shanksville is a borough in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. It has a population of 199 as of the 2020 U.S. census. It is part of the Somerset, Pennsylvania, Micropolitan Statistical Area, and is located 78 miles (126 km) southeast of Pittsburgh and 226 miles (364 km) west of Philadelphia.

Shanksville garnered global attention during the September 11 attacks when United Airlines Flight 93, bound from Newark, New Jersey, for San Francisco, crashed in adjacent Stonycreek Township after its passengers rebelled against the flight's al-Qaeda terrorist hijackers. It was the only one of the four hijacked planes that failed to reach the terrorists' intended target.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Gąska, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gąska [ˈɡɔ̃ska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wicko, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Lębork County
Lębork County (Kashubian: Lãbòrsczi kréz, Polish: powiat lęborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lębork, which lies 61 kilometres (38 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Łeba, lying 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Lębork.

The county covers an area of 706.99 square kilometres (273.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 66,196, out of which the population of Lębork is 35,333, that of Łeba is 3,644, and the rural population is 27,219.

Lębork County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Lębork County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the east, Kartuzy County to the south-east, Bytów County to the south and Słupsk County to the west. It also borders the Baltic Sea to the north.
Internet Girls
Internet Girls is a young adult novel series by American author Lauren Myracle published between 2005 and 2014. The series includes four books (ttyl; ttfn; l8r, g8r; and yolo), as well as a book companion (bff: a girlfriend book you write together). The series follows best friends Maddie (madmaddie), Angela (SnowAngel), and Zoe (zoegirl) through high school. In 2004, the first book of the series, ttyl, gained attention for being the first book written entirely in the style of an instant messaging conversation.

Despite the books' positive reception, the series became the ninth-most banned book between 2000 and 2019.

Ttfn (novel)
ttfn is a young adult novel by Lauren Myracle.  Published by Harry N. Abrams, Inc. in 2005, it is the sequel to ttyl, and is also written entirely in the style of instant messaging conversation. It is followed by l8r, g8r.

The book reached number 4 on the New York Times Best Seller list for children's chapter books in March 2006.

This novel follows Maddie ("MadMaddie"), Zoe ("ZoeGirl"), and Angela ("SnowAngel") through the ups and downs of their junior year.
1889 South African Rugby Board Trophy
The 1889 South African Rugby Board Trophy was the first domestic rugby union competition held in South Africa. It took place after the South African Rugby Board was formed in 1889.

The tournament was won by Western Province, while the other competing teams were Eastern Province, Griqualand West and Transvaal.

This was the only time the Board Trophy was played for; in 1891, the Currie Cup was presented to Griqualand West and the competition for that trophy became the main domestic competition in South Africa.

Eastern Province Elephants
The Eastern Province Elephants (Afrikaans: Oostelike Provinsie Olifante), known as the Multisure Eastern Province Elephants for sponsorship reasons, are a South African rugby union team that participates in the annual Currie Cup and Rugby Challenge competitions. They are governed by the Eastern Province Rugby Union (EPRU or EP Rugby). The team represents the Western half of the Eastern Cape province, and they play their home games at the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in Port Elizabeth.

In February 2018, the EPRU announced that the name of the team would revert to Eastern Province Elephants for the 2018 season.
Flare
A flare is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for distress signaling, illumination, or defensive countermeasures in civilian and military applications. Flares may be ground pyrotechnics, projectile pyrotechnics, or parachute-suspended to provide maximum illumination time over a large area. Projectile pyrotechnics may be dropped from aircraft, fired from rocket or artillery, or deployed by flare guns or handheld percussive tubes.

Explosion
An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Explosions may also be generated by a slower expansion that would normally not be forceful, but is not allowed to expand, so that when whatever is containing the expansion is broken by the pressure that builds as the matter inside tries to expand, the matter expands forcefully. An example of this is a volcanic eruption created by the expansion of magma in a magma chamber as it rises to the surface. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known as detonations and travel through shock waves. Subsonic explosions are created by low explosives through a slower combustion process known as deflagration.
Community of Democracies
The Community of Democracies (C.O.D), established in 2000, is an intergovernmental coalition of states. Its aim is to bring together governments, civil society and the private sector in the pursuit of the common goal of supporting democratic rules, expanding political participation, advancing and protecting democratic freedoms, and strengthening democratic norms and institutions around the world. The Warsaw Declaration had outlined the task of promoting democracy. It is disputed if the coalition qualifies as an International Organization in the legal sense.

Task force
A task force (TF) is a unit or formation  established to work on a single defined task or activity. Originally introduced by the United States Navy, the term has now caught on for general usage and is a standard part of NATO terminology.  Many non-military organizations now create "task forces" or task groups for temporary activities that might have once been performed by ad hoc (designated purpose) committees. In non-military contexts, working groups are sometimes called task forces.