hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Toledo (1085)
The siege of Toledo (Arabic: سقوط طليطلة, romanized: Suqūṭ Ṭulayṭilah, lit. 'Fall of Ṭulayṭilah') was the Leónese siege and eventual conquest of Toledo, the capital of the Taifa of Toledo, by Alfonso VI of León and Castile in Muharram 478 / May 1085. The city, under the hajib (ruler)  Yahya al-Qadir of the Dhulnunid dynasty, fell after a prolonged campaign.

The Leónese conquest of Toledo marked a significant turning point in the Reconquista and a major shift in power on the Iberian Peninsula. The city was captured through a strategy of attrition warfare, a method the Kingdom of Castile had refined over the preceding years. As one of the most significant events of the taifa era, the siege underscored Castile's growing dominance in the region.

Attrition warfare
Attrition warfare is a form of military strategy in which one side attempts to gradually wear down its opponent to the point of collapse by inflicting continuous losses in personnel, materiel, and morale. The term attrition is derived from the Latin word atterere, meaning "to wear down" or "to rub against", reflecting the grinding nature of the strategy.
2006 World Championship of Ski Mountaineering
The 2006 World Championship of Ski Mountaineering (Italian: Campionato del Mondo di Scialpinismo 2006) was the third World Championship of Ski Mountaineering sanctioned by the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC), held in the Italian Province of Cuneo from February 27 to March 4, 2006.

The participating athletes were from 33 nations. Because the relay event for the "Senior" athletes had to be canceled to bad snow conditions, there was consequently no combined ranking.

Province of Cuneo
The province of Cuneo (Italian: provincia di Cuneo; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Coni) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west, it borders the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (departments of Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes), to the north the Metropolitan City of Turin, to the east the province of Asti and to the south the Ligurian provinces of Savona and Imperia. It is also known as la Provincia Granda (Piedmontese for 'The Big Province'), because it is the largest province in Piedmont and the fourth-largest in Italy (following Sassari, South Tyrol and Foggia). Briga Marittima and Tenda were part of this province before their cession to France in 1947.
Ellie Dickinson
Eleanor May "Ellie" Dickinson (born 4 June 1998) is an English road and track cyclist, who last rode for UCI Women's Team Drops, and represents Great Britain at international competitions.

As a junior, she competed at the 2015 UCI Road World Championships in the women's junior road race.

On the track she won the gold medal at Round 1 of the 2016–17 UCI Track Cycling World Cup in the team pursuit, in Glasgow.

2016–17 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
The 2016–17 UCI Track Cycling World Cup was a multi-race series over a track cycling season. It was the 25th edition of the UCI Track Cycling World Cup organised by the UCI. The series ran from 4 November 2016 to 26 February 2017 and consisted of four rounds.
Trzebiatów, Stargard County
Trzebiatów [tʂɛˈbjatuf] (German: Treptow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stargard, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Stargard and 42 km (26 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 341.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
D-Phenylalanine
D-Phenylalanine (DPA, D-Phe), sold under the brand names Deprenon, Sabiben, and Sabiden, is an enantiomer of phenylalanine which is described as an antidepressant and is marketed as a prescription drug for medical use in Argentina. The medication has been marketed since at least the 1970s and continued to be available by the 2000s.

D-Phenylalanine has been found to act as an enkephalinase inhibitor, an inhibitor of enkephalinase enzymes that break down endogenous opioid peptides called enkephalins. It has been found to produce anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-craving effects in animal studies.

Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription. In contrast, over-the-counter drugs can be obtained without a prescription. The reason for this difference in substance control is the potential scope of misuse, from drug abuse to practising medicine without a license and without sufficient education. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

In North America, ℞, usually printed as "Rx", is used as an abbreviation of the word "prescription". It is a contraction of the Latin word "recipe" (an imperative form of "recipere") meaning "take". Prescription drugs are often dispensed together with a monograph (in Europe, a Patient Information Leaflet or PIL) that gives detailed information about the drug.

The use of prescription drugs has been increasing since the 1960s.
David Williamson (magician)
David Williamson (born 1961) is an American professional sleight-of-hand artist, magician, actor, and writer.

David Britland of Genii magazine called him "an exceptional stage performer" and "a magician who changed the way we do magic." He was named Magician of the Year in 2017 by the Academy of the Magical Arts, and was named an Honorary Member of prestigious British association The Magic Circle.

The Magic Circle (organisation)
The Magic Circle is a British organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the art of magic.

Applicants must qualify for membership, either through a performance exam or by a written thesis on a branch of magic, after which they are designated Members of The Magic Circle (M.M.C.). Further distinctions may earn them the titles Associate of the Inner Magic Circle (A.I.M.C.); and Member of The Inner Magic Circle (M.I.M.C), a select group limited to 300 members. The Circle was founded in 1905, and was male-only until 1991. There is a junior branch, the Young Magicians Club.
2024 Toray Pan Pacific Open – Singles
Zheng Qinwen defeated Sofia Kenin in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–3 to win the singles title at the 2024 Toray Pan Pacific Open. It was her fifth WTA Tour singles title and second WTA 500 title.

Veronika Kudermetova was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Viktoriya Tomova.

Sayaka Ishii
Sayaka Ishii (石井さやか, Ishii Sayaka; born 31 August 2005) is a Japanese professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 188 in singles, achieved on 17 March 2025, and No. 285 in doubles, achieved on 19 May 2025.
Crosby, Isle of Man
Crosby (Gaelic: Baile na Croise - cross-town) (Old Norse: Kross-bør – Cross farm or cross roads, market place) (locally /ˈkrɑːizbiː/) is a small village located 3+3⁄4 miles (6.0 kilometres) west of Douglas in the parish of Marown in the Isle of Man.

Four Inch Course
The Four Inch Course was a road-racing circuit first used for the 1908 Tourist Trophy Race for cars, held on public roads closed for racing by an Act of Tynwald (the parliament of the Isle of Man). The name of the course derives from the regulations for the 1908 Tourist Trophy adopted by the Royal Automobile Club, which limited the competitors' engines to a cylinder-diameter of four inches. The Four-Inch Course was adopted by the Auto-Cycle Club for the 1911 Isle of Man TT Races. The Four-Inch Course was subsequently known as the Snaefell Mountain Course or Mountain Course when used for motor-cycle racing.
Ken Crawley
Ken Crawley (born February 8, 1993) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes. He was a member of the New Orleans Saints, Miami Dolphins, Las Vegas Raiders, Arizona Cardinals and San Francisco 49ers.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Lårdal Church
Lårdal Church (Norwegian: Lårdal kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Tokke Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Lårdal. It is one of the churches for the Høydalsmo og Lårdal parish which is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1831 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Linstow. The church seats about 120 people.

Diocese of Agder og Telemark
The Diocese of Agder og Telemark (Norwegian: Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth largest city. Kristiansand Cathedral serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The bishop since 2013 has been Stein Reinertsen. As of 1 January 2003, there were 347,324 members of the Church of Norway in the diocese.
HMS Saumarez
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Saumarez, after Admiral James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez:

HMS Saumarez (1916) was a Parker-class flotilla leader launched in 1916 and sold in 1931.

HMS Saumarez (G12) was an S-class destroyer launched in 1942 and sold in 1950.

Parker-class flotilla leader
The Parker-class leaders or improved Marksman-class leaders were a class of six destroyer leaders built for the Royal Navy during 1916–17 for World War I service. They were named after famed historical naval leaders, except for Anzac, which was named to honour the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, and was later transferred to the Royal Australian Navy. They were the last major Royal Navy warships to be ordered with three propeller shafts, a design that was never widely adopted in British warships.
Chlorobium chlorochromatii
Chlorobium chlorochromatii, formerly known as Chlorobium aggregatum, is a symbiotic green sulfur bacteria that performs anoxygenic photosynthesis and functions as an obligate photoautotroph using reduced sulfur species as electron donors. Chlorobium chlorochromatii can be found in stratified freshwater lakes.

Photosystem I
Photosystem I (PSI, or plastocyanin–ferredoxin oxidoreductase) is one of two photosystems in the photosynthetic light reactions of algae, plants, and cyanobacteria. Photosystem I  is an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to catalyze the transfer of electrons across the thylakoid membrane from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. Ultimately, the electrons that are transferred by Photosystem I are used to produce the moderate-energy hydrogen carrier NADPH. The photon energy absorbed by Photosystem I also produces a proton-motive force that is used to generate ATP. PSI is composed of more than 110 cofactors, significantly more than Photosystem II.
National Film Award for Best Short Film (Up to 30 Min)
The National Film Award for Best Short Film (upto 30 mins) is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for non-feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1987, at 35th National Film Awards and awarded annually for the short films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages. Since the 70th National Film Awards (2022), the category name was changed to "Best Short Film (upto 30 mins)".

70th National Film Awards
The 70th National Film Awards were announced on 16 August 2024 to honour the best films of 2022 in Indian cinema, presented by the National Film Development Corporation of India. The awards ceremony was originally slated to be held on 3 May 2023 but was postponed to October 2024 due to delays after the COVID-19 pandemic. The winners were announced on 16 August 2024, by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting in a press conference. The winners along with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipient were felicitated by the President, Droupadi Murmu on 8 October 2024 at the Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.
Come and take it
"Come and take it" is a long-standing expression of defiance first recorded in the ancient Greek form molon labe "come and take [them]", a laconic reply supposedly given by the Spartan King Leonidas I in response to the Persian King Xerxes I's demand for the Spartans to surrender their weapons on the eve of the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC. It was later used in 1778 at Fort Morris during the American Revolution, and also in 1835 at the Battle of Gonzales during the Texas Revolution.

Laconic phrase
A laconic phrase or laconism is a concise or terse statement, especially a blunt and elliptical rejoinder. It is named after Laconia, the region of Greece including the city of Sparta, whose ancient inhabitants had a reputation for verbal austerity and were famous for their often pithy remarks.
Khayalethu Anthony
Khayalethu Anthony (15 July 1986 – 29 September 2022) was a Xhosa writer, director and actor, most famous for playing the role of Militant Prisoner on Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom, Reyka and Shepherds and Butchers.

Reyka (TV series)
Reyka, released as The Cane Field Killings in some countries, is a South African crime thriller television series created and written by Rohan Dickson. It is an M-Net original production co-produced by Quizzical Pictures and Serena Cullen Productions for subscription television channel M-Net, released in July 2021. Reyka was also co-produced for international distribution by Fremantle.

The series received eight nominations at the 2022 South African Film and Television Awards, winning four, including Best Actress in a TV Drama for Kim Engelbrecht.  It also received two 2022 International Emmy Award nominations for Best Drama and Best Performance by an Actress.

Reyka was renewed for a second season by M-Net in November 2022.
Walt Coburn
Walter John Coburn (October 23, 1889 – May 1971) was an American writer of Westerns. Coburn was born in White Sulphur Springs, Montana Territory, the son of Robert Coburn Senior, the founder of the noted Circle C Ranch located south of Malta. The actress Dorothy Coburn is his niece.

Coburn served in the Army aviation corps during the World War I era. He later spent time as a cowboy and a surveyor, before becoming a full-time writer in the 1920s.

Western fiction
Western fiction is a genre of literature set in the American Old West frontier and typically set from the late eighteenth to the late nineteenth century. Well-known writers of Western fiction include Zane Grey from the early 20th century and Louis L'Amour from the mid-20th century. The genre peaked around the early 1960s, largely due to the popularity of televised Westerns such as Bonanza. Readership began to drop off in the mid- to late 1970s and reached a new low in the 2000s. Most bookstores, outside a few west American states, only carry a small number of Western fiction books.
April 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
April 25 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - April 27

All fixed commemorations below are observed on May 9 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For April 26th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 13.

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
1950 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1950 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 24th series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 12 February 1950 and 17 March 1950 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 17 March 1950, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 0-09 to 1-03 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. It was their 18th Railway Cup title overall and their third title in succession.

Munster's Jimmy Kennedy was the Railway Cup top scorer with 4-01.

Jimmy Kennedy (hurler, born 1926)
Jimmy Kennedy (1926–2007) was an Irish sportsperson.  He played hurling at various times with his local clubs Kiladangan in Tipperary and UCD in Dublin.  Kennedy also played with the Tipperary and Dublin senior inter-county teams from 1946 until 1951.
Midnight Monster Hop
Midnight Monster Hop is a horror host television show that first aired in 2006 on HSTV in Uniontown, Pennsylvania.

In February 2008, the show began airing on WPXI/RTN Pittsburgh, and as of May 23, 2009 became available nationwide on select Retro Television Network affiliates, showing cult and B horror films with introductions, jokes, and skits inserted between movie segments. The Show was pulled off Retro Television by Ricky, after a contract dispute, so it lost its national reach, though many local RTV affiliates still run MMH instead of other shows that RTV picked up. A good example was WXYZ-TV's RTV subchannel, which aired it due to WMYD-TV being the originating station of Wolfman Mac's Chiller Drive-In, which RTV picked up for national broadcast.

Midnight Monster Hop may still be seen on many independent stations around the country.

Horror host
A horror host is a host or presenter of a program where horror films and low-budget B movies are shown on television or the Internet.  Usually the host assumes a horror-themed persona, often a campy or humorous one.  Generally there are breaks in the film where the host comments on various aspects of the movie.  Many horror host shows also include skits involving the hosts themselves, sometimes with a sidekick or other supporting characters.
Westmount City Hall
Westmount City Hall is the seat of local government in Westmount, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 4333 Sherbrooke Street West below Côte Saint Antoine Road.

It was designed by architects Francis R. Findlay and Robert Findlay in the Neo-Tudor style. Its style is reminiscent of Scottish castles, with its central tower and crenelations and turrets. It was completed in 1922, with its cornerstone containing various historical documents being laid on October 14, 1922 by Mayor P.W. McLagan. It underwent a major interior renovation that was completed in 1965.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Gao Chengyong
Gao Chengyong (Chinese: 高承勇; 10 November 1964 – 3 January 2019) was a Chinese serial killer and rapist. He mutilated the corpses of his victims, leading to his nickname of the "Chinese Jack the Ripper" in Chinese media. He is thought to have killed eleven women between 1988 and 2002.

Sentenced to death and stripped of all his assets, he was executed in January 2019.

Rape in China
In 2007, the U.S. Department of State reported 31,833 rapes in the People's Republic of China (PRC), but no similar report by the PRC government has been made available. Same-sex sexual assault between male adults was made illegal in late 2015. Domestic and foreign victims of sex trafficking in China are raped.
2012–13 Loyola Meralco Sparks F.C. season
The 2012–13 season is Loyola's 4th season in the Philippines premier league, the UFL Division 1. The club do well last 2012 UFL Cup where they get the third place after defeating Green Archers United, 4–1. They reach the quarterfinals of 2012–13 PFF National Men's Club Championship after they lost to Kaya.

At the start of 2013 UFL season, Vincent Santos took over the coaching duties from Korean Kim Chul-so.

The club finished the 2013 season of the UFL Division 1 third behind Global FC and the champions, Stallion Sta. Lucia. They only reach the quarterfinal round of 2013 Singapore Cup when they bowed out to Tanjong Pagar United in a 5–4 aggregate.

2012–13 PFF National Men's Club Championship
The 2012–13 PFF National Men's Club Championship (also known as 2012–13 PFF–Smart National Club Championship) was the 2nd season of the PFF National Men's Club Championship, a Filipino association football competition organized by the Philippine Football Federation.

Global Teknika were the defending champions.

On February 2, 2013, Ceres defeated PSG with a 1–0 scoreline to win the title.
Zhong Kui the Demon Queller with Five Bats
Zhong Kui the Demon Queller with Five Bats is a popular Chinese painting featuring the Chinese mythological spirit Zhong Kui. It originates from the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). A possible painter for this artwork is Wu Wei. The painting is held in the Ashmolean Museum in England.

Ashmolean Museum
The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology (/æʃˈmoʊliən, ˌæʃməˈliːən/) on Beaumont Street in Oxford, England, is Britain's first public museum. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities that Elias Ashmole gave to the University of Oxford in 1677. It is also the world's second university museum, after the establishment of the Kunstmuseum Basel in 1661 by the University of Basel.

The present building was built between 1841 and 1845. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment, and in November 2011, new galleries focusing on Egypt and Nubia were unveiled. In May 2016, the museum redisplayed galleries of 19th-century art.