hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duisburg Cathedral Mosque
The Duisburg Cathedral Mosque (German: DİTİB-Merkez-Moschee) is a mosque, Islamic cultural center, and madrasa, located in Duisburg-Marxloh, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Completed in 2008 with capacity for 1,200 worshippers, it was the largest mosque in Germany until the Cologne Central Mosque was completed in 2017 with capacity to accommodate 1,200 worshippers. The mosque has a community center and a madrasa. The initiator of the mosque in Duisburg was the local Muslim community. The mosque's 23-metre-high (75 ft) silver dome and 34-metre-high (112 ft) minaret are unique features of the city skyline.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Visual Obsession
Visual Obsession is a multimedia company operating in the city of Cairns, Australia since 1989.

Visual Obsession is notable for its work on several key projects, including Tourism Tropical Tablelands, South Burdekin Water Board, and Cairns Flecker Botanic Gardens, and the Department of Infrastructure and Transport.

Visual Obsession also worked with Yarrabah teacher Jason Evert on his award-winning Digital Dreaming project.

Department of Infrastructure and Transport
The Department of Infrastructure and Transport was an Australian government department. It was formed in September 2010, following the federal election in August 2010. The department absorbing parts of the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government. Regional development and local government functions were sent to the Department of Regional Australia, Regional Development and Local Government. Following the 2013 federal election, the department was renamed on 18 September 2013 to become the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development, regaining regional development and local government functions.

The department was headquartered in the Canberra central business district at Infrastructure House and the neighbouring building.
Nizami Museum of Azerbaijani Literature
The National museum of Azerbaijan literature, named after Nizami Ganjavi (Azerbaijani: Nizami Gəncəvi adına Milli Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı muzeyi) is a museum in Baku, established in 1939. It is located near the entrance of Icheri Sheher, not far from the Fountains Square. The museum is considered one of the greatest and richest treasuries of Azerbaijani culture.

Old City (Baku)
Old City or Inner City (Azerbaijani: İçərişəhər) is the historical core of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The Old City is the most ancient part of Baku, which is surrounded by walls. In 2007, the Old City had a population of about 3,000 people. In December 2000, the Old City of Baku, including the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and Maiden Tower, became the first location in Azerbaijan to be classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Petrus Delport
Commandant Petrus Jacobus Delport (bef. 20 February 1757 – 1797) was leader of the Swellendam Patriot Movement in the 1790s. He was also the National Commander (vice president) of the Republic of Swellendam in 1795. He was banished from the Cape for rebelling against the British and then fled to the Netherlands.

Republic of Swellendam
The Republic of Swellendam was founded in 1795 when dissatisfaction towards the Dutch East India Company caused the burghers of Swellendam to revolt, and on 17 June 1795 they declared themselves a republic. Hermanus Steyn was appointed as President of the Republic of Swellendam. The burghers of Swellendam started to call themselves "national burghers" – after the style of the French Revolution. However, the Republic was short-lived and was ended on 4 November 1795 when the Cape was occupied by the Kingdom of Great Britain.
SV Die Haghe
Sportvereniging Die Haghe is a Dutch football club in The Hague, founded 1 November 1923. Its first squad plays in the Eerste Klasse Saturday since 2018. The club plays at Sportpark Ockenburgh in Loosduinen.

Loosduinen
Loosduinen (Dutch pronunciation: [loːzˈdœynə(n)]) is a former village in the Netherlands that was a municipality unto itself until 1923, when it was annexed by The Hague and subsequently became a district of the city.

Within the district there is also a neighbourhood (Dutch:wijk) called 'Loosduinen'.

It has its own dialect, the Loosduinen dialect, which is very similar to The Hague dialect.
Pata (sword)
The pata (Marathi: दांडपट्टा) is a sword, originating from the Indian subcontinent, with a gauntlet integrated as a handguard. Often referred to in its native Marathi as a dandpatta, it is commonly called a gauntlet sword in English.

Gauntlet (glove)
A gauntlet  is a type of glove that protects the hand and wrist of a combatant. Gauntlets were used particularly in Europe between the early fourteenth century and the early modern period and were often constructed of hardened leather or metal plates.

Gauntlets, which cover the hands, wrists, and sometimes forearms, are not to be confused with bracers, which cover the wrists and forearms but not the hands; bracers are common in medieval and fantasy cosplay.
Alternative Left
The Alternative Left (German: Alternative Linke; Romansh: L'Alternativa sanestra) or The Left (French: La Gauche; Italian: La Sinistra), is a political party of the left in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland that existed at the national level from 2010 to 2018. This party sought to unite the political forces and movements farther to the left on Switzerland's political spectrum than the centre-left Social Democratic Party and the Green Party.

Their sole current National Council of Switzerland member was until 2011 Josef Zisyadis, who was elected in 2007 for the Swiss Labour Party. He was still a member of the SLP, but in official publications he was only a member of the Alternative Left.

Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland (German: GRÜNE Schweiz; French: Les VERT-E-S suisses; Italian: VERDI svizzeri; Romansh: VERDA svizra) is a green political party in Switzerland. It is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.
Palla's sign
Palla's sign is a clinical sign in which an enlarged right descending pulmonary artery is seen on the chest x-ray in patients with pulmonary embolism. It is of low sensitivity, and its specificity is not known. It exhibits as a "sausage" appearance on X-ray.  It is named after italian radiologist Antonio Palla. In 1983, he published his observations that close to 25% of patients with pulmonary embolism had a chest x-ray sign of enlarged right descending pulmonary artery.

Pulmonary artery
A pulmonary artery is an artery in the pulmonary circulation that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. The largest pulmonary artery is the main pulmonary artery or pulmonary trunk  from the heart, and the smallest ones are the arterioles, which lead to the capillaries that surround the pulmonary alveoli.
Anthology
In book publishing, an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler. It may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs, fiction or non-fiction excerpts. There are also thematic and genre-based anthologies. Complete collections of works are also called "complete works" or opera omnia in Latin.

Complete works
The complete works of an artist, writer, musician, group, etc., is a collection of all of their cultural works. For example, Complete Works of Shakespeare is an edition containing all the plays and poems of William Shakespeare. A Complete Works published edition of a text corpus is normally accompanied with additional information and critical apparatus. It may include notes, introduction, a biographical sketch, and may pay attention to textual variants.

Similarly, the term body of work may be used to describe the entirety of the creative or academic output produced by a particular individual or unit.
Zanthoxylum kauaense
Zanthoxylum kauaense, commonly known as aʻe or Kauaʻi pricklyash, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It usually inhabits mixed mesic forests at elevations of 300–1,980 m (980–6,500 ft), but can also be found in dry and wet forests.  It is threatened by habitat loss.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Barate Gadar
Barate Gadar is a village and gram panchayat in Salarpur block, Budaun district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its village code is 128235. According to 2011 Census of India, the total population of the village is 2,620 out of 1,422 are males and 1,198 are females.

Budaun district
Budaun district (Hindi pronunciation: [bəd̪aːjũː]; or Buaaun) is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, with its headquarters in the town of Badaun. The district is part of the Bareilly division, and covers an area of 4,234 km2 (1,635 sq mi). According to legend, Budaun was named after the Ahir prince Budh.
Archbishop Varlaam
Victor Solowij (1891–1966), archbishop of the Ukrainian Autocephalic Orthodox Church

Archbishop Varlaam (Pikalov) (1885–1946), archbishop of the Russian Orthodox Church

Barlaam (Shyshatsky) (1750–1820), archbishop of the Russian Orthodox Church

Varlaam (Vanatovich) (1680–1752), Ukrainian archbishop of the Russian Orthodox Church

Victor Solowij
Victor Sylvestrovych Solowij (29 November 1891 – 31 January 1966), later known as Archbishop Varlaam, was an archbishop of the Ukrainian Autocephalic Orthodox Church known for his public-political and church activism. He was born in the village of Kyriivka, in the Sosnycia District of Chernihiv Province, Ukraine.
Humbertioturraea
Humbertioturraea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Meliaceae.

It is native to Madagascar.

The genus name of Humbertioturraea is in honour of Jean-Henri Humbert (1887–1967), a French botanist born in Paris, and  
later portion of the name refers to Turraea a genus of plants in the same family of Meliaceae.
The genus was first described and published by Jean-François Leroy in Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. Séries D Vol.269 on page 2322  in 1969.

Jean-François Leroy (botanist)
Jean-François Leroy (25 February 1915 – 8 February 1999) was a French botanist who specialised in tropical botany, particularly the flora of Madagascar, and served for many years at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.
My Family series 11
The eleventh and final series of the BBC sitcom My Family began airing on 1 July 2011, and concluded on 2 September 2011. The opening episode, "Labour Pains", re-introduces the six main characters. All episodes from the eleventh series are thirty minutes in length. The series was produced by Rude Boy Productions, a company that produces comedies created by Fred Barron. Unlike previous series of the show, which were filmed on a yearly basis, both Series 10 and 11 were filmed back-to-back. The series has been released on DVD on 15 August 2011, meaning the last three episodes of the series was released before they were broadcast on the television.

My Family
My Family is a British sitcom created and initially co-written by Fred Barron, which was produced by DLT Entertainment and Rude Boy Productions, and broadcast by BBC One for eleven series between 2000 and 2011, with Christmas specials broadcast from 2002 onwards. My Family was voted 24th in the BBC's "Britain's Best Sitcom" in 2004 and was the most-watched sitcom in the United Kingdom in 2008. As of 2011, it is one of only twelve British sitcoms to pass the 100-episode mark. In April 2020, BBC One began airing the series from the first episode in an 8 pm slot on Friday nights; along with this, all 11 series were made available on BBC iPlayer.

The show chronicles the lives of the Harpers, a fictional middle-class British family. Set in Chiswick in west London, it stars Robert Lindsay and Zoë Wanamaker as husband and wife Ben and Susan Harper, with Kris Marshall, Daniela Denby-Ashe and Gabriel Thomson as their children Nick, Janey and Michael.
2025 Texas Proposition 16
Texas Proposition 16, officially the Citizenship Voting Requirement Amendment, is a legislatively referred constitutional amendment that appeared on the ballot in the U.S. state of Texas on November 4, 2025. It was approved in all but two of the state's 254 counties.

Legislative referral
A legislative referral (or legislative referendum) is a referendum in which a legislature puts proposed legislation up for popular vote. This may either be voluntarily or, as is the case in many countries for a constitutional amendment, as a mandatory part of the procedure for passing a law. These referrals, depending on the location, can either amend a constitution or enact a change in statute. It is a form of direct democracy. In some places it is known as an authorities referendum, authorities plebiscite, government initiated referendum, or top-down referendum It may originate from the legislative branch, executive branch, or a combination of the two.

An instrument of direct democracy, it is in contrast to citizens (or "bottom-up") initiative that is initiated from the public. With initiated statutes and amendments, voters both initiate and decide on the change of law. In a legislative referral, they only approve or reject laws which their legislature votes to place before them.
Xá Lợi Pagoda
The Xá Lợi Pagoda (Vietnamese: Chùa Xá Lợi [saː˦˥ ləːj˨˩˨] SAW-LIE; chữ Hán: 舍利寺) is the largest pagoda in Hồ Chí Minh City, Vietnam. It was built in 1956 and was the headquarters of Buddhism in South Vietnam. The pagoda is located in District 3, Hồ Chí Minh City and lies on a plot of 5000 square metres. The name Xá Lợi is the Vietnamese translation for śarīra, a term used for relics of Buddhists.

The pagoda was best known for the raids, in which the Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces loyal to Ngô Đình Nhu, the brother of the Roman Catholic President Ngô Đình Diệm, raided and vandalised Buddhist monasteries and pagodas on 21 August 1963.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan
Ṣebnem Kalemli-Özcan is an economist and the Schreiber Family Professor of Economics at Brown University. She is a co-editor of the Journal of International Economics, on the board of editors of the American Economic Review, an associate editor of the Journal of the European Economic Association and an associate editor of the Journal of Development Economics. She is a research fellow at the NBER and CEPR.

Journal of Development Economics
The Journal of Development Economics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Elsevier. It was established in 1974 and is considered the top field journal in development economics.

Its editor-in-chief from 1985 to 2003 was Pranab Bardhan, who has been the longest-serving JDE editor to date. He followed T.N. Srinivasan, and Lance Taylor as Editors since the journal was established in 1974. He was succeeded by Mark Rosenzweig (2003-2009) and Maitreesh Ghatak (2009-2015). The current editor-in-chief is Andrew Foster, who started in 2016.
Eksar metro station
Eksar is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Yellow Line 2A of Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This station is located in Borivali, Mumbai. This station is owned by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), and was inaugurated on 2 April 2022.

Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority
The Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) is a body of the Government of Maharashtra that is responsible for preparation of Regional Plan for MMR and the infrastructure development of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. The MMRDA was created on 26 January 1975 under the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority Act, 1974 Government of Maharashtra. The agency is responsible for planning and coordination of development activities in the Region.
Wizards of Oz
Wizards of Oz were a briefly existing Australian jazz quartet from the late 1980s. The members were Dale Barlow on tenor saxophone, Paul Grabowsky on piano and the Necks' band mates Lloyd Swanton on bass and Tony Buck on drums. They released one album, Soundtrack (1988), which won the 1989 ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album. In 2017 Mal Stanley of Jazztrack on ABC Jazz described it as "a standout album in the Australian Jazz pantheon, and it inspired many young local players at the time of its release."

ABC Jazz
ABC Jazz (formerly Dig Jazz) is a digital radio station, available on mobile devices, DAB+ digital radio, digital TV and online. It is operated by the ABC Jazz team at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).
1882 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1882 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on September 5, 1882. Incumbent Republican Roswell Farnham, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate John L. Barstow defeated Democratic candidate George W. Eaton to succeed him.

Roswell Farnham
Roswell Farnham (July 23, 1827 – January 5, 1903) was an American politician of the Republican Party, an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, a lawyer, and the 38th governor of Vermont.
Self-Portrait (Mengs)
Self-Portrait is a 1774 oil painting by the German artist Anton Raphael Mengs. A self-portrait, if shows the artist at work on Perseus and Andromeda, one of his last major paintings. Both that and this work were commissioned by British patrons, demonstrating his popularity there. It appears to capture a degree of his exhaustion under the weight of his work. This picture was produced for the aristocrat Earl Cowper who lived in Italy.

Mengs was a major figure in the Neoclassical movement which was then at its height. The painting was acquired by the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool in 1953. Around the same time he produced another notable Self-Portrait, now in the collection of the Uffizi in Florence.

George Clavering-Cowper, 3rd Earl Cowper
George Nassau Clavering-Cowper, 3rd Earl Cowper, Prince of Nassau d'Auverquerque Knight of St. Hubert FRS (26 August 1738 – 22 December 1789) was an expatriate British nobleman, art collector, and absentee politician. Going on the Grand Tour as a young man, he emigrated to Florence. Despite becoming a member of parliament (representing Hertford in the House of Commons for two years) and later inheriting lands and the title of Earl Cowper in England, he remained in Italy. He amassed a valuable art collection and became a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He was a patron of the arts and science.
Secret Green
Secret Green was a British rock band, founded in 2007, by Francis Lickerish, Hilary Palmer, and Jon Beedle; later additions William Gilmour and Matt Hodge completed the line-up. Musicians Paul Carr, Dave Brooks, Jamie Brooks, Brian Mitchell, and Mike Hicks were employed for live work.

Guitarist, lutenist, and composer Francis Lickerish was a founder member of the art-rock band The Enid. Along with Robert John Godfrey and William Gilmour, he was one of the main contributors to The Enid's sound. He has also appeared as a session musician in several unexpected places, such as Kim Wilde's "Kids in America", and on former Incredible String Band member Malcolm LeMaistre's solo album.

After a 20-year break from music, Lickerish began writing Secret Green's To Wake the King album in 2006, which was released in May 2009.

Kids in America
"Kids in America" is a song recorded by English pop singer Kim Wilde. It was released in the United Kingdom as her debut single in January 1981, and in the United States in spring 1982, later appearing on her debut album, Kim Wilde. Largely inspired by the synth-pop style of Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) and Gary Numan, the song reached number two on the UK Singles Chart for two weeks and number one in Finland and South Africa, and charted in the top 10 of many European charts as well as Australia and New Zealand. In North America, it became her first top 40 hit, reaching the top 40 in Canada and the United States. It was certified gold in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia and Sweden; and has sold over three million copies worldwide. The song has been covered by many artists from different genres.
Arnesen
Arnesen is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning “son of Arne”.

Notable people with the surname include:

Arne Arnesen (1928–2010), Norwegian diplomat and politician

Bodil Arnesen (born 1967), Norwegian operatic soprano

Christian Arnesen (1890–1956), Norwegian wrestler

Deborah Arnie Arnesen (born 1953), American politician

Dag Arnesen (born 1950), Norwegian jazz pianist

Eric Arnesen (born 1958), American historian

Frank Arnesen (born 1956), Danish footballer

Harald Astrup Arnesen (born 1995), Norwegian cross-country skier

Heidi Arnesen, Norwegian orienteering competitor

Kim André Arnesen (born 1980), Norwegian composer

Lasse Arnesen (born 1965), Norwegian alpine skier

Liv Arnesen (born 1953), Norwegian cross-country skier

Randolf Arnesen (1880–1958), Norwegian trade unionist, cooperativist and politician

Eric Arnesen
Eric Arnesen (born 30 April 1958) is an American historian. 
He is currently the James R. Hoffa Professor of Modern American Labor History at George Washington University. He was a Fulbright Scholar,
and is a member of the Organization of American Historians.
2022 Iași Open – Men's doubles
Orlando Luz and Felipe Meligeni Alves were the defending champions but only Meligeni Alves chose to defend his title, partnering Marcelo Demoliner. Meligeni Alves lost in the quarterfinals to Luciano Darderi and Fernando Romboli.

Geoffrey Blancaneaux and Renzo Olivo won the title after defeating Diego Hidalgo and Cristian Rodríguez 6–4, 2–6, [10–6] in the final.

Luciano Darderi
Luciano Tadeo Darderi (born 14 February 2002) is an Argentine-born Italian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21 achieved on 16 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 104 reached on 8 August 2022. He is currently the No. 4 singles player from Italy.

Darderi has won four ATP Tour singles titles.