hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shaul Bakhash
Shaul Bakhash (Persian: شائول بخاش) is an Iranian-American historian and emeritus from George Mason University.

He received his DPhil from the University of Oxford. Before beginning his academic career, Bakhash was a journalist in Iran, where he wrote for the newspaper Kayhan.

In 2003, Bakhash was a visiting fellow at the think tank Brookings Institution with a focus on "the prospects for internal reform in Iran".

Kayhan
Kayhan (Persian: کيهان, lit. 'The Cosmos') is a Persian-language newspaper published in Tehran, Iran. It is considered "the most conservative and hard-line Iranian newspaper." Hossein Shariatmadari is the editor-in-chief of Kayhan. According to the report of the New York Times in 2007, his official position is representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran.

Kayhan has about 1,000 employees worldwide. There are conflicting reports about its circulation numbers: in 2006 the BBC gave it as 60,000–100,000 copies, in 2007 the New York Times gave "about 70,000", and in 2008 a New York University School of Law journal article reported it as 350,000 copies. Kayhan also publishes special foreign editions, which include the English-language Kayhan International.
Mims Hackett
Mims Hackett Jr. (born September 28, 1941) is an American Democratic Party politician, who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2002 to 2007, where he represented the 27th Legislative District, which covers the western portion of Essex County.

New Jersey's 27th legislative district
New Jersey's 27th legislative district is one of 40 in the New Jersey Legislature. The district includes the Essex municipalities of Livingston, Millburn, Roseland, Montclair, and West Orange; and the Passaic County municipality of Clifton.
Battle of Baker's Farm
The Battle of Baker's Farm took place in Lower Canada on November 8, 1838, during the Patriot's War. It was the first and last military success of the Patriotes in the campaign of 1838. 800 Patriotes gathered on a farm near Sainte-Martine, Quebec and fought off several attacks by Loyalist volunteers. After news of the defeat of Patriotes forces at the Battle of Odelltown spread, the massed Patriotes dispersed before the arrival of British troops.

Beauharnois, Quebec
Beauharnois  (/boʊˈhɑːrnwɑː/; French pronunciation: [boaʁnwa]) is a city located in the Beauharnois-Salaberry Regional County Municipality of southwestern Quebec, Canada, and is part of the Greater Montreal Area. The city's population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 13,638. It is home to the Beauharnois Hydroelectric Power Station, as well as the Beauharnois Lock of the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
Podboršt, Ivančna Gorica
Podboršt (pronounced [pɔdˈbɔɾʃt]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. It lies just south of the Slovenian A2 motorway in the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Ivančna Gorica
The Municipality of Ivančna Gorica (pronounced [iˈʋaːntʃna ɡɔˈɾiːtsa]; Slovene: Občina Ivančna Gorica) is a municipality in the traditional region of Lower Carniola in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Ivančna Gorica. Ivančna Gorica became a municipality in 1995.
Gheni Batur
Gheni Batur (Cyrillic Uyghur: Ғени Батур; 1902 – 29 June 1981) is a Uyghur national hero who was among the first 20 horsemen who began uprising in Nilka County of Ili valley of Xinjiang in September 1944 against Kuomintang Xinjiang provincial government, which eventually led to the establishment of Second East Turkestan Republic in northern Xinjiang (Jungaria).
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, he fled to the Soviet Union. He lies buried in Almaty.

Nilka County
Nilka County is a county situated in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 10,121 km2 (3,908 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 150,000.
Ragini Shah
Ragini Shah is an Indian film, stage and television actress, and a veteran of Gujarati theatre. She had numerous supporting roles on Indian television, with her portrayal of Dugba in the daily Hindi soap Saraswatichandra being one of the most remembered.

Gujarati theatre
Gujarati theatre refers to theatre performed in the Gujarati language, including its dialects. Gujarati theatre is produced mainly in Gujarat and Maharashtra, in cities like Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Baroda,  Surat and elsewhere Gujarati diaspora exists, especially North America. Rustam Sohrab, performed by Parsee Natak Mandali on 29 October 1853 in Mumbai, marked the beginning of Gujarati theatre.
Yn Lhaihder
Yn Lhaihder (Manx: [ən ˈlʲaɪdðəɾ], "The Reader") is an official who takes part in the annual Tynwald Day ceremony at St John's, Isle of Man. After the Coroner of Glenfaba "fences the Court" (brings the Court to order) in English, Yn Lhaihder repeats the same declaration in Manx.

The role of Yn Lhaihder is central to reaffirming the Manx identity of the proceedings of Tynwald Day.

The role of the Lhaihder has varied somewhat since it was instituted.

The First Deemster proclaims the laws and a brief summary of them in English, and the Second Deemster then does so in Manx. Under the Promulgation Act 1988, a summary of each law, as described above, must be read out in both languages within 18 months of it being passed. There is no mention of who should perform this function.

St John's, Isle of Man
St John's (Manx: Balley Keeill Eoin) is a small village in the sheading of Glenfaba in the Isle of Man, in the Island's central valley. It is in the House of Keys constituency of Glenfaba & Peel, which elects two MHKs.
George Mosse Fund
The Foundation George Mosse Fund of the University of Amsterdam (Stichting George Mosse Fonds van de Universiteit van Amsterdam) is a Dutch foundation (stichting) that aims to promote gay and lesbian studies. It was founded in 2001 at the University of Amsterdam, with a bequest from George Mosse's inheritance, given out of appreciation for the cultural-historical education and research on homosexuality in Amsterdam. The foundation is known primarily for its annual lecture.

Queer studies
Queer studies, sexual diversity studies, or LGBTQ studies is the study of topics relating to sexual orientation and gender identity usually focusing on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gender dysphoric, asexual, aromantic, queer, questioning, and intersex people and cultures.

Originally centered on LGBT history and literary theory, the field has expanded to include the academic study of issues raised in archaeology, sociology, psychiatry, anthropology, the history of science, philosophy, psychology, sexology, political science, ethics, communication, and other fields by an examination of the identity, lives, history, and perception of being queer.

Queer studies is not the same as queer theory, which is an analytical viewpoint within queer studies (centered on literary studies and philosophy) that challenges the existence of "socially constructed" categories of sexual identity.
Somaliland National Army
The Somaliland National Army (Somali: Ciidanka Qaranka Soomaaliland, Arabic: الجيش صوماليلاندي), is the land force and largest branch of the Somaliland Armed Forces is based in the Somaliland capital of Hargeisa.  The Somaliland National Army is composed entirely of professionals and volunteers as the state does not mandate conscription. Some Somaliland battalions operate near the Puntland border due to a border dispute.

The total strength of the Somaliland army is estimated to be around 8,000 to 12,000 soldiers.

BM-21 Grad
The BM-21 "Grad" (Russian: БМ-21 "Град", lit. 'hailstorm') is a self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union. The system and the M-21OF rocket were first developed in the early 1960s, and saw their first combat use in March 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict. BM stands for boyevaya mashina (Russian: боевая машина – combat vehicle), and the nickname grad means "hail". The complete system with the BM-21 launch vehicle and the M-21OF rocket is designated as the M-21 field-rocket system and is more commonly known as a Grad multiple rocket launcher system.

In NATO countries the system, either the complete system or the launch vehicle only, was initially known as the M1964. Several other countries have copied the Grad or developed similar systems. In Russian service its intended replacement is the 9A52-4 Tornado. Many similar 122 mm MLRS systems are made by different countries based on the BM-21 Grad.
Elsie Traill
Elsie Margaret Traill (1876 – 9 December 1946) was an Australian philanthropist and committee member, and sister of the painter and print maker Jessie Traill. Following a £5,000 donation to the University of Melbourne's Janet Clarke Hall, the E.M. Traill Wing of the college was named in her honour. Traill was also active in the establishment of the Janet Clarke Hall Committee, for which she served as chair, and was involved throughout her life with Trinity College, being the 35th women to attend the college and later becoming a member of the Trinity College Council. In addition to her involvement with the Lyceum Club, the Victoria League, and the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind, Elsie Traill was also actively involved in the Australian Red Cross and established Melbourne's first Red Cross Shop, in Sandringham.

Jessie Traill
Jessie Constance Alicia Traill (29 July 1881 – 15 May 1967) was an Australian printmaker. Trained by Frederick McCubbin at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School, and by painter and printmaker Frank Brangwyn in London, Traill worked in England and France in the period immediately preceding World War I. During the war she served in hospitals with the Voluntary Aid Detachment.

Traill is best known for a series of prints created in the early 1930s depicting the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Critic and art historian Sasha Grishin describes her as "one of the great Australian artists of the 20th century".
Drosera salina
Drosera salina is an erect perennial tuberous species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is endemic to Western Australia and is only found in salt-free sand on the margins of salt lakes in a few locations north of Albany east to north-west of Esperance. The specific epithet, salina, refers to the salt lake margins that this species inhabits. D. salina produces small carnivorous leaves along stems that can be 7 cm (3 in) high. White flowers bloom from July to September.

Drosera salina was first described by N. G. Marchant and Allen Lowrie in 1992. It is listed by Western Australia's Department of Environment and Conservation as a priority two poorly known taxon on the Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
Devonshire Hunting Tapestries
The Devonshire Hunting Tapestries are a group of four medieval tapestries, probably woven in Arras, Artois, France, between about 1430 and 1450. The tapestries are known as Boar and Bear Hunt, Falconry, Swan and Otter Hunt, and Deer Hunt. These enormous works, each over 13 feet tall and altogether about 133 feet wide, depict men and women in fashionable dress of the early fifteenth century hunting in forests. The tapestries formerly belonged to the Dukes of Devonshire, and were hung on the walls at Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire. In 1957, they became the property of the British Government in the tax settlement after the death of the 10th Duke of Devonshire. The tapestries were then allocated to the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, where they remain. Few fifteenth-century tapestries of this size and grandeur still exist, which is what makes the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries so exceedingly rare.

1400–1500 in European fashion
Fashion in 15th-century Europe was characterized by a surge of experimentation and regional variety, from the voluminous robes called houppelandes with their sweeping floor-length sleeves to the revealing giornea of Renaissance Italy. Hats, hoods, and other headdresses assumed increasing importance, and were draped, jeweled, and feathered.

As Europe continued to grow more prosperous, the urban middle classes, skilled workers, began to wear more complex clothes that followed, at a distance, the fashions set by the elites. It is in this time period that fashion took on a temporal aspect. People could now be dated by their clothes, and being in "out of date" clothing became a new social concern. National variations in clothing seem on the whole to have increased over the 15th century.
Similkameen Elementary Secondary School
Similkameen Elementary Secondary School (SESS) is a public school in the village of Keremeos, British Columbia, Canada. It is a combined elementary and high school with about 300 students from grades five to twelve. SESS is part of BC School District 53 and serves multiple communities in the Similkameen Okanagan Valley region around Keremeos, including Cawston, Hedley, and Olalla.

Sports available at Similkameen include cross country for boys and girls, soccer (co-ed), basketball (co-ed), and golf (co-ed), plus volleyball for girls. The school is ranked single A by size.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Gazzotti
Gazzotti is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrés Gazzotti (1896–1984), Argentine polo player

Bruno Gazzotti (born 1970), Belgian comic artist

Giulio Gazzotti (born 1991), Italian basketballer

Lotus de Païni (1862–1953), born as Elvezia Giulia Maria Gazzotti, Italian painter, writer, sculptor, and occultist

Marko Gazzotti (born 2004), French rugby union player

Marko Gazzotti
Marko Gazzotti (born 24 September 2004) is a French professional rugby union player, who plays as a number eight for Top 14 club Bordeaux Bègles and the France national team. He made his professional debut for Grenoble on 7 October 2022.
James Gordon (botanist)
James Gordon (1708–1780) was a gardener who became a nurseryman, and later a seed merchant in London, specializing in exotics such as camellias and rhododendrons. He is also credited with the introduction of the American elm, Ulmus americana, in 1752. Appointed gardener to James Sherard at Eltham in 1730, he progressed to Lord Petre's estate at Thorndon Hall, Essex, in 1738 before starting a nursery at Mile End in 1742, later moving to Bow, and establishing a seed shop at the Thistle & Crown, 25 Fenchurch Street. His sons, William, James, and Alexander, assumed control of the nursery in 1776. Although a correspondent of Linnaeus, he never wrote works of his own. "He had more knowledge in vegetation than all the gardeners and writers in England put together, but is too modest to publish anything". He died at Barking, Essex, on 20 December 1780.

Eltham
Eltham (/ˈɛltəm/ EL-təm) is a district of southeast London, England, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich. It is 8.7 miles (14.0 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross, and is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. The three wards of Eltham North, South and West have a total population of 35,459. 88,000 people live in Eltham.
Benjamin B. Bourdon
Benjamin B. Bourdon (1860–1943) was a French psychologist born in Normandy on August 5, 1860. He is often referred to as a pioneer of experimental psychology in France. Bourdon founded the first university established Experimental Psychology and Linguistics laboratory at the University of Rennes in 1896 and integrated the first experimental psychology course in a provincial university in 1891. His life is known by means of his (1932) autobiography in Carl Murchison`s compilation of autobiographies (1932) and biographies by Nicolas, S. (1998), Beuchet (1961), and Piéron (1961).  The accounts of Bourdon's life describe him as   one of the few French advocates of the new scientific psychology.

Experimental psychology
Experimental psychology is the work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ human participants and animal subjects to study a great many topics, including (among others) sensation, perception, memory, cognition, learning, motivation, emotion; developmental processes, social psychology, and the neural substrates of all of these.
Ravonna
Princess Ravonna Lexus Renslayer is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Don Heck, the character first appeared in Avengers #23 (December 1965). Ravonna Renslayer is a princess and an assassin. She is the daughter of King Carelius and comes from a kingdom in the 40th century. She was meant to become an ambassador to her people in the quaint kingdom of Eximietatius. However, Renslayer was pulled out of her own timeline. She became the lover and successor of Kang the Conqueror. The character has been depicted as both a supervillain and an antihero.

The character has been featured in various Marvel-licensed products, including video games, animated television series, and merchandise. Ravonna Renslayer appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) / Disney+ series Loki (2021), portrayed by Gugu Mbatha-Raw.

First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.
1972 Swazi general election
General elections were held in Swaziland between 16 and 17 May 1972 to elect members of the House of Assembly. The result was a third successive victory for the royalist Imbokodvo National Movement, which won 78% of the vote and 21 of the 24 seats, based on a voter turnout of 74.0%. The Ngwane National Liberatory Congress won three seats, but five days after the election one of its successful candidates was served with a deportation order as an "undesirable alien". Although he subsequently won a High Court ruling against the order, in November the parliament created a tribunal through which his citizenship was revoked. The Appeal Court declared the act unconstitutional, and on 12 April 1973 the parliament passed a motion that "called on the king to devise ways and means of dealing with the crisis". The result was that King Sobhuza II suspended the constitution, dismissed Parliament, banned all political parties and became an absolute monarch.

Imbokodvo National Movement
The Imbokodvo National Movement (INM) was a political party in Swaziland (in 2018 renamed to Eswatini) that existed from 1964 until 1973, when political parties were banned. The party was formed by the Swazi National Council, which was the advisory body to King Sobhuza II. It won the first democratic election in Swaziland held in 1967. The party also won the second parliamentary election in 1972. The INM effectively ceased to exist after the banning of political parties in 1973 after the annulment on the constitution and the introduction of a decree in the country.
Gandaf
Gandaf is a town and Union Council of Swabi District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°7'0N 72°41'0E with an altitude of 538 metres (1768 feet). Gandaf is surrounded by a mountain range, and is very close to the Gadoon Amazi industrial estate. Gandaf is the capital village of Area Gadoon where only the Pashtun tribe 'Gadoon' resides. The Indus River is also attached to this village. Due to the lack of colleges and universities, many Gadoon went to Swabi or to other places.

Gandaf is a dry area and it only depends on rains. It is close to a Tarbela Dam, which is mostly mud. There are small amounts of fields available for agriculture purpose. There is also a lack of hospitals in the area. Gadoon is under the administrative rule of 1952, but to date, basic facilities are still provided. Unemployment rates are also increasing due to the lack of jobs. There is big need for afforestation and plantation.

Swabi District
Swabi District (Pashto: سوابۍ ولسوالۍ) is a district in the Mardan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Kabul Rivers. Before becoming a district in 1988, it was a tehsil within the Mardan District. 96% of the population speaks Pashto as their first language.

The dominating tribe of Swabi is the Yusufzai,  followed by the minor Utmankhel, Lodi, Tarakai, Jadoon and Khattak.
Metamerism (chemistry)
In chemistry, metamerism is used to define the isomeric relationship between compounds with the same polyvalent, heteroatomic, functional group but differ in the main carbon chain or any of the side chains. It has rather been an obsolete term for isomerism, which has not been recognised by IUPAC in its publications. When Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius used the term in 1831, he did so to describe those substances which possess the same percentage composition but had different properties. What Berzelius implied to be called metamerism is now considered as isomerism.

Side chain
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called the "main chain" or backbone. The side chain is a hydrocarbon branching element of a molecule that is attached to a larger hydrocarbon backbone. It is one factor in determining a molecule's properties and reactivity. A side chain is also known as a pendant chain, but a pendant group (side group) has a different definition.
Isojärvi (Satakunta)
Isojärvi is a  medium-sized lake in Finland. It is situated in the region of Satakunta in Western Finland and in the municipalities of Pomarkku in south and Siikainen in north. The lake is a part of the Karvianjoki basin that drains into the Gulf of Bothnia.

Isojärvi is common lake name in Finland. There are 31 lakes with this name. Satakunta's isojärvi is the biggest of them.

The lake is a bifurcation lake: the main part of its waters flow into the Merikarvianjoki River that mouths into the Gulf of Bothnia in Merikarvia but part of the waters flow through the Salmusoja River into lake Poosjärvi that drains through the river Poosjoki – Lampinjoki – Pohjajoki into the Gulf of Bothnia in Ahlainen, Pori.

Siikainen
Siikainen (Swedish: Siikais) is a municipality of Finland.

It is located in the former province of Western Finland and is part of the Satakunta region. The municipality has a population of 1,248 (30 June 2025), which make it the smallest municipality in Satakunta in terms of population. The municipality covers an area of  491.33 square kilometres (189.70 sq mi) of which 28.10 square kilometres (10.85 sq mi) is inland water (2018-01-01). The population density is 3 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.8/sq mi) (30 June 2025). The municipal manager of Siikainen is Heli Kaskiluoto.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Siikainen hosts a buddhist center Samje and the Stupa located there was the northern most  in the world until 2016.