hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Complex text layout
Complex text layout (CTL) or complex text rendering is the typesetting of writing systems in which the shape or positioning of a grapheme depends on its relation to other graphemes. The term is used in the field of software internationalization, where each grapheme is a character.

Scripts which require CTL for proper display may be known as complex scripts. Examples include the Arabic alphabet and scripts of the Brahmic family, such as Devanagari, Khmer script or the Thai alphabet. Many scripts do not require CTL. For instance, the Latin alphabet or Chinese characters can be typeset by simply displaying each character one after another in straight rows or columns. However, even these scripts have alternate forms or optional features (such as cursive writing) which require CTL to produce on computers.

Thai script
The Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai, pronounced [ʔàksɔ̌ːn tʰāj]) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand. The Thai script itself (as used to write Thai) has 44 consonant symbols (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 16 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 32 vowel forms, four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut), and other diacritics.

Although commonly referred to as the Thai alphabet, the script is not a true alphabet but an abugida, a writing system in which the full characters represent consonants with diacritical marks for vowels; the absence of a vowel diacritic gives an implied 'a' or 'o'. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, and vowels following a consonant in speech are written above, below, to the left or to the right of it, or a combination of those.
Toyota R transmission
Toyota Motor Corporation's R family is a family of 5-speed RWD/4WD transmissions built by Aisin. They share much in common (such as the bell housing-to-body bolt patterns) with the Aisin AR transmission (rebadged MA-5 by GM,  AX-15 by Jeep, and Isuzu AR5)

Aisin
Aisin Corporation (株式会社アイシン, Kabushiki gaisha Aishin) is a Japanese corporation that develops and produces components and systems for the automotive industry. Aisin is a Fortune Global 500 company, ranked 359 on the 2020 rankings. Aisin is a member of the Toyota Group of companies.

Aisin was founded in 1965 and supplies engine, drivetrain, body and chassis, aftermarket, and other automotive parts for the Toyota Motor Corporation and other major OEMs.

In addition to automotive products, Aisin also offers life and amenity products (such as sewing machines and, from 1966 to 2020, mattresses), cogeneration and heat exchange systems, and welfare products, among others.
Portland Municipal Airport (Tennessee)
Portland Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 1M5) is a city-owned, public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) northeast of the central business district of Portland, a city in Sumner County, Tennessee, United States. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Sumner County, Tennessee
Sumner County is a county located on the central northern border of Tennessee in the United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 196,281. Its county seat is Gallatin, and its most populous city is Hendersonville. The county is named after an American Revolutionary War hero, General Jethro Sumner.

Sumner County is part of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Franklin, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is made up of eight cities, including Gallatin, Goodlettsville, Hendersonville, Millersville, Mitchellville, Portland, Westmoreland, and White House. Sumner County is 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Nashville, Tennessee.
Cayley's nodal cubic surface
In algebraic geometry, the Cayley surface, named after Arthur Cayley, is a cubic nodal surface in 3-dimensional projective space with four conical points. It can be given by the equation

when the four singular points are those with three vanishing coordinates. 
Changing variables gives several other simple equations defining the Cayley surface.

As a del Pezzo surface of degree 3, the Cayley surface is given by the
linear system of cubics in the projective plane passing through the 6 vertices
of the complete quadrilateral. This contracts the 4 sides of the complete
quadrilateral to the 4 nodes of the Cayley surface, while blowing up its 6
vertices to the lines through two of them. The surface is a section through the Segre cubic.

The surface contains nine lines, 11 tritangents and no double-sixes.

A number of affine forms of the surface have been presented. Hunt uses 

by transforming coordinates  to 
and dehomogenizing by setting . A more symmetrical form is

Complete quadrangle
In mathematics, specifically in incidence geometry and especially in projective geometry, a complete quadrangle is a system of geometric objects consisting of any four points in a plane, no three of which are on a common line, and of the six lines connecting the six pairs of points. Dually, a complete quadrilateral is a system of four lines, no three of which pass through the same point, and the six points of intersection of these lines. The complete quadrangle was called a tetrastigm by Lachlan (1893), and the complete quadrilateral was called a tetragram; those terms are occasionally still used. The complete quadrilateral has also been called a Pasch configuration, especially in the context of Steiner triple systems.
Patricia Heights, Edmonton
Patricia Heights is a neighbourhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded by the Patricia Ravine of the North Saskatchewan River valley and ravine system to the south and southwest, the Westridge neighbourhood to the west, the Elmwood and Lynnwood neighbourhoods across Whitemud Drive to the north, and the Rio Terrace neighbourhood across 156 Street to the east.

The community is represented by the Rio Terrace Community League, established in 1960, which maintains a community hall, outdoor rink and tennis courts located at 155 Street and 76 Avenue.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Listed buildings in Heckmondwike
Heckmondwike is a town and an unparished area in the metropolitan borough of Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England.  Heckmondwike ward contains 20 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The listed buildings include houses, churches, a former chapel and associated structures, a public house, a Masonic hall, cemetery buildings, a drinking fountain and clock tower, a bank, a former Sunday school, a shop, and a pair of telephone kiosks.

Kirklees
Kirklees is a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England. The borough comprises the ten towns of Batley, Birstall, Cleckheaton, Dewsbury, Heckmondwike, Holmfirth, Huddersfield, Meltham, Mirfield and Slaithwaite. It is governed by Kirklees Council. Kirklees had a population of 422,500 in 2011; it is the third-largest metropolitan district in Yorkshire by area, behind Doncaster and Leeds.
Nykøbing Sjælland
Nykøbing, often referred to as Nykøbing Sjælland or Nykøbing Sj to distinguish it from Nykøbing F and Nykøbing M,  is a seaside town in Denmark, located in Odsherred on  the northwestern part of Zealand. Located on the Isefjord, it has a population of 5,016 (1 January 2025). It is located in Odsherred municipality which is part of Region Sjælland. The town is a popular seaside resort.

Region Zealand
Region Zealand (Danish: Region Sjælland) is an administrative region of Denmark. It is one of the five classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Denmark. It was established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish Municipal Reform, which abolished the traditional counties ("amter"). The region incorporates the southernmost parts of the country, and encompasses an area of 7,223 km2 (2,789 sq mi).

Zealand will merge with the Capital Region of Denmark on 1 January 2027 to create the Region of Eastern Denmark.

The region shares the island of Sjælland (Zealand) with the neighbouring Capital Region of Copenhagen. The region also includes the islands of Lolland, Falster, and Møn. It incorporates the provinces of Østsjælland and Vest-og Sydsjælland, which consists of 17 municipalities. With a population of just over 0.85 million, it is the second least populated of the all the regions in Denmark. The largest city is Roskilde.
Hugo Roverano
Hugo Roverano (born 3 January 1958) is an Uruguayan former professional tennis player.

Between 1975 and 1985, Roverano featured in a total of nine ties for the Uruguay Davis Cup team. Most famously, in the 1978 tournament, he helped Uruguay secure the country's only Davis Cup win over Brazil. His win against Carlos Kirmayr gave Uruguay a 2–0 lead and he then partnered with José Luis Damiani to win in the doubles and secure the tie.

Roverano reached a career high singles ranking of 271 in the world while competing on the professional tour and appeared in the doubles main draws of the French Open. On the Grand Prix circuit he had a win over Steve Krulevitz as a qualifier in the Viña del Mar tournament in 1983, to make the second round.

Steve Krulevitz
Steve "Lightning" Krulevitz (born May 30, 1951) is an American-Israeli former professional tennis player, and current coach. Playing for UCLA, he was an All-American.  He won gold medals for the United States in singles and doubles at the 1977 Maccabiah Games in Israel. He played # 1 for the Israel Davis Cup team from 1978–80. His highest world singles ranking was No. 70. He was in the bottom of the top 100 on the men’s tour from 1974 to 1983.
1993–94 New Mexico State Aggies basketball team
The 1993–94 New Mexico State Aggies basketball team represented New Mexico State University in the 1993–94 college basketball season. This was Neil McCarthy's 9th season as head coach. The Aggies played their home games at Pan American Center and competed in the Big West Conference. They finished the season 23–8, 12–6 in Big West play to tie for the conference regular season title. They won the Big West tournament, and received an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 13 seed in the Midwest region.

In the opening round, New Mexico State was defeated by No. 4 seed Oklahoma State, 65–55.

1993–94 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team
The 1993–94 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team represented Oklahoma State University as a member of the Big Eight Conference during the 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by fourth-year head coach Eddie Sutton and played their home games at Gallagher-Iba Arena. The Cowboys finished with a record of 24–10 (10–4 Big Eight) and earned a second place finish in Big Eight regular season play.

Oklahoma State received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 4 seed in the Midwest region. After defeating New Mexico State in the opening round, the Cowboys were defeated by Tulsa, 82–80.
Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark
Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark (Vietnamese: Cao nguyên đá Đồng Văn) is a geopark in northern Vietnam. It shares border with China in the north. It is a member of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network and Asia Pacific Geoparks Network, officially since October 3, 2010.

Asia Pacific Geoparks Network
The Asia Pacific Geoparks Network (APGN) is the regional geopark network of the Global Geoparks Network (GGN) and the UNESCO International Geosciences and Geoparks Programme (UNESCO-IGGP). Its main role is to coordinate the activities of GGN in the UNESCO regions of Asia and the Pacific, to promote networking between global geoparks and geopark professionals in the region and to provide support for sustainable economic development in geopark areas. As of 2020 February, the APGN had 60 institutional members (UNESCO Global Geoparks) in countries. The Pacific region is currently not represented by a global geopark, but there are ongoing geopark projects, just as in other countries of Asia.
Guzhuang (costume)
Guzhuang (Chinese: 古装; pinyin: gǔzhuāng; lit. 'ancient costume'), also called ancient-style dress,: 189  refers to a style of Chinese costume attire which are styled or inspired by ancient Chinese clothing (typically Hanfu or Qizhuang). Guzhuang is typically used as stage clothes in Chinese opera: 189  and in Chinese television drama, such as in period drama which are normally set in imperial China prior to 1911,: 189  and in the Wuxia and Xianxia genre. While the style of guzhuang is based on ancient Chinese clothing, guzhuang show historical inaccuracies.

Tianyi Film Company
Tianyi Film Company (Chinese: 天一影片公司; pinyin: Tiānyī Yǐngpiān Gōngsī), also called Unique Film Productions, was one of the "big three" film production companies in pre-Second World War Republic of China. Founded in Shanghai in 1925 by the Shaw (Shao) brothers led by Runje Shaw (Shao Zuiweng), the company also established operations in Malaya and Hong Kong. Although the company's Shanghai studio was destroyed in 1937 during the Japanese invasion, its offshoot in Hong Kong, later called Shaw Brothers Studio, blossomed into a media empire under the leadership of the youngest brother, Sir Run Run Shaw.
Bruce Maitland Carruthers
Bruce Maitland Carruthers (23 April 1892 – 29 November 1951) was an Australian physician and surgeon who became Director-General of Health in Tasmania. He served with distinction in two World Wars and was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.

Prince of Wales Hospital (Sydney)
The Prince of Wales Hospital is a 440-bed major public teaching hospital located in Sydney's  eastern suburb of Randwick, providing a full range of hospital services to the people of New South Wales, Australia. The hospital has strong ties to the adjacent University of New South Wales. The Prince of Wales Hospital shares the Randwick Hospitals' Campus site with the Sydney Children's Hospital and the Royal Hospital for Women, as well as the Prince of Wales Private Hospital.
Voloska
Voloska, sometimes dubbed Vlasta, is a Croatian and Slavic hearth pseudo-deity that has not been attested in historical sources on Slavic paganism. The first known published source that attests to Voloska is the 1943 book Hrvatska narodna mitologija ("Croatian National Mythology") by psychiatrist Nikola Sučić, which has been criticized by Croatian ethnologists as "incorrectly assessing" pagan myths and as unreliable due to a lack of sources.

According to Sučić, Voloska was the spouse of Veles and the protector of agricultural workers, symbolized by a cow and a swallow. He claims that all Slavic homes featured an alcove ("mirište") where a small flame would be lit in Voloska's honor. This alcove would allegedly also include statuettes of Voloska made from wood, wax or amber.

Veles (god)
Veles, also known as Volos, is a major god of earth, waters, livestock, and the underworld in Slavic paganism. His mythology and powers are similar, though not identical, to those of (among other deities) Hades, Loki, and Hermes.

According to reconstruction by some researchers, he is the opponent of the supreme thunder god Perun.: 211–214  As such, he has probably been imagined as a dragon, which in the belief of the pagan Slavs is a chimeric being resembling a cross between a bear and a snake that devours livestock.: 141 : 87, 88 
No direct accounts survive, but reconstructionists speculate that he may directly continue aspects of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon with the original deity Welnos.
Jess Steele
Jess Steele, OBE, OBE is a British community activist based in Hastings, England. She has been involved in community regeneration and played a significant role in local projects such as the restoration of Hastings Pier and the revitalization of Hastings Commons. Steele was recognized for her contributions to the social sector by being appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE).

Hastings
Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋz/ ⓘ HAY-stingz) is a seaside town and borough in East Sussex on the south coast of England,
24 mi (39 km) east of Lewes and 53 mi (85 km) south east of London. The town gives its name to the Battle of Hastings, which took place 8 mi (13 km) to the north-west at Senlac Hill in 1066. It later became one of the medieval Cinque Ports. In the 19th century, it was a popular seaside resort, as the railway allowed tourists and visitors to reach the town. Hastings remains a popular seaside resort and is also a fishing port, with the UK's largest beach-based fishing fleet. The town's estimated population was 91,100 in 2021.
John Papillon (cricketer)
John Papillon (30 December 1806 – 20 October 1889) was an English cleric, and a cricketer with amateur status. He was associated with Oxford University and made his debut in 1827.

Papillon was educated at Winchester College and then at University College, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1825, and graduated B.A. in 1828. He became a Church of England priest and was rector of Bonnington, Kent, 1831–41 and of Lexden, Essex, from 1841 until his death.

Lexden
Lexden is a suburb of Colchester in Essex, England, lying approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the city centre. It has a public house called the Crown. The parish church of St Leonard's (Church of England) is dedicated to Leonard of Noblac, the patron saint of prisoners.

Lexden was historically a separate village and parish. "Læxadyne" is Old English for "Leaxa's valley"; the name has also been previously recorded as Lessendon, Lassendene and Læxadyne. Lexden gave its name to one of the historic hundreds of Essex, referred to as the "Hundred of Lassendene" in the Domesday Book of 1086. The parish was included in the borough boundaries of Colchester from at least the 14th century.

There are two 400-year-old watermills, (both now private residences), a 100-year-old iron bridge over the River Colne, two local nature reserves and several walks.
Digby Jones (musician)
Digby Jones  is a British musician and producer. He has written music which has appeared on albums such as Cafe Del Mar Vol.8 and Cafe Del Mar Vol 11, as well as in US TV shows such as The OC and ER, and commercials for companies such as Sony PlayStation, Banana Republic and British Airways. His music is mainly jazzy and funky, but he also produces other styles.

He is also the founder of Sublime Music in London, which producers and publishes music from other artists around the world. The company has music placed in popular films such as Tropic Thunder, trailers such as Madagascar, US TV shows including CSI, Grey's Anatomy, Nip Tuck, Without A Trace, as well as commercials for clients such as Microsoft, Gap, Kenco, P&O, Chevrolet, E&J Gallo and Kia.

P&O
P&O (in full,  The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company) was a British shipping and logistics company dating from the early 19th century. Formerly a public company, it was sold to DP World in March 2006 for £3.9 billion. DP World currently operates several P&O branded businesses, P&O Ferries, Istithmar P&O Estates, and P&O Maritime Logistics. It also operates P&O Heritage, which is the official historic archive and collection of P&O.

P&O Cruises was sold in 2000, and is now owned and operated by Carnival Corporation & plc, although the trademark for "P&O Cruises" is still held by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company and used under licence. The former shipping business, P&O Nedlloyd, was bought by and is now part of Maersk Line.
CAR-NK
CAR-NK cells (chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells) are an emerging form of cellular immunotherapy for cancer. Researchers engineer natural killer (NK) cells, innate immune effectors, to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target specific tumor-associated antigens. Unlike CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells offer advantages such as reduced risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), enabling "off-the-shelf" allogeneic use. As of 2025, CAR-NK therapies show promise in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, with ongoing trials exploring their potential in autoimmune diseases.

Allotransplantation
Allotransplant (allo- meaning "other" in Greek) is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs to a recipient from a genetically non-identical donor of the same species. The transplant is called an allograft, allogeneic transplant, or homograft. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts.

It is contrasted with autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person), syngenic transplantation of isografts (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals) and xenotransplantation (from other species).

Allografts can be referred to as "homostatic" if they are biologically inert when transplanted, such as bone and cartilage.

An immune response against an allograft or xenograft is termed rejection. An allogenic bone marrow transplant can result in an immune attack on the recipient, called graft-versus-host disease.
Jojoba ester
Jojoba esters are the hydrogenation or transesterification product of Jojoba oil.  Jojoba Esters are commonly used in cosmetic formulations as an emollient, due to its remarkable similarity to the natural oils produced by the human skin, and its high oxidative stability.  Fully hydrogenated jojoba esters are most often small beads used to exfoliate the skin.

Transesterification
Transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic functional group R″ of an ester with the organic group R' of an alcohol. These reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base catalyst. Strong acids catalyze the reaction by donating a proton to the carbonyl group, thus making it a more potent electrophile. Bases catalyze the reaction by removing a proton from the alcohol, thus making it more nucleophilic. The reaction can also be accomplished with the help of enzymes, particularly lipases (one example is the lipase E.C.3.1.1.3).

If the alcohol produced by the reaction can be separated from the reactants by distillation this will drive the equilibrium toward the products. This means that esters with larger alkoxy groups can be made from methyl or ethyl esters in high purity by heating the mixture of ester, acid/base, and large alcohol.
2019–20 Rugby Africa Cup
The 2019-20 Rugby Africa Cup is the first season of a restructuring of international rugby union competition by Rugby Africa after a loss of broadcast sponsorship caused the cancellation of the 2019 Rugby Africa Gold Cup, itself only the third edition of a previous restructuring of the continent's tournament.

The new Rugby Africa Cup replaces the multi-tiered Gold, Silver, and Bronze Cups with a seeded group stage followed by a knockout round. This results in fewer matches being played, but also greatly reduced costs and travel times from the round-robin Gold Cup.

The group stage of the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rugby Africa
Rugby Africa is the administrative body for rugby union within the continent of Africa under the authority of World Rugby, which is the world governing body of rugby union. As of 2018, Rugby Africa has 37 member nations and runs several rugby tournaments for national teams, including the Africa Cup which is the main 15-a-side competition for African national teams.

Rugby Africa was founded in 1986 as the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR) to promote, develop, organise and administer the game of rugby in Africa. It was renamed Rugby Africa in December 2014.

The President of Rugby Africa is the Herbert Mensah from Ghana.