hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John P. Sommers House
John P. Sommers House is a historic home located at Lancaster in Erie County, New York.  It was built in 1906, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, wood-frame Queen Anne style dwelling.  It has a hipped roof and center projecting gable.  It features a prominent two-story, five-sided corner tower and has a single-story porch across the front facade.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde
α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde (hexyl cinnamal) is a common additive in the perfume and cosmetic industry as aroma substance. It is found naturally in the essential oil of chamomile. It is a pale yellow to yellow liquid to solid, which is nearly insoluble in water but soluble in oils. The commercial material often contains low levels of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol as a stabilizer. It is a derivative of cinnamaldehyde with a hexyl substituent.

One supplier reported that its hexyl cinnamaldehyde (or "hexyl cinnamic aldehyde") contained at least 90% trans isomer.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
Olfactomedin-like 3
Olfactomedin-like protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OLFML3 gene. It has been shown to act as a proangiongenic factor in the tumor microenvironment, being released by endothelial cells and pericytes.

This gene has also been associated with pectinate ligament dysplasia and glaucoma in Border Collies.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
Jim & Patty's Coffee
Jim & Patty's Coffee is a regional chain of coffee shops in the United States. Established in Portland, Oregon, the business has also operated in Beaverton and Happy Valley. The chain closed in November 2024, operating for 22 years, but later re-opened in August 2025 under new ownership.

The business has used the tagline "Good coffee. No backtalk."

Beaverton, Oregon
Beaverton is a city in the Tualatin Valley, located in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon, with a small portion bordering Portland. The city is among the main cities that make up the Portland metropolitan area. Its population was 97,494 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in the county and the seventh-most populous city in Oregon. Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro.
Witness Number 3
Witness Number 3 is a 2022 British mystery thriller television series. Directed by Diarmuid Goggins, it was written by Thomas Eccleshare. The cast is led by Nina Toussaint-White and Sion Daniel Young. It was broadcast on Channel 5 in July 2022.

Clare Dunne (Irish actress)
Clare Dunne (born 1988) is an Irish actress, born in Dublin. She has appeared in stage roles with the Abbey Theatre and the National Theatre. Dunne is known for the distinctive birthmark under her left eye.
C. F. Jeff Wu
Chien-Fu Jeff Wu (Chinese: 吳建福; born 1949) is a Taiwanese-American statistician. He is the X. Q. Deng Presidential Chair Professorship in the School of Data Science at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen.  He is known for his work on the convergence of the EM algorithm, resampling methods such as the bootstrap and jackknife, and industrial statistics, including design of experiments, and robust parameter design (Taguchi methods).

Taguchi methods
Taguchi methods (Japanese: タグチメソッド) are statistical methods, sometimes called robust design methods, developed by Genichi Taguchi to improve the quality of manufactured goods, and more recently also applied to engineering, biotechnology, marketing and advertising.  Professional statisticians have welcomed the goals and improvements brought about by Taguchi methods, particularly by Taguchi's development of designs for studying variation, but have criticized the inefficiency of some of Taguchi's proposals.

Taguchi's work includes three principal contributions to statistics:

A specific loss function

The philosophy of off-line quality control; and

Innovations in the design of experiments.
Avianca Flight 410
Avianca Flight 410 was a Boeing 727-21 that crashed at 13:17 on 17 March 1988, near Cúcuta, Colombia, which occurred shortly after takeoff during a scheduled flight when it flew into a mountain. All 143 people on board were killed. It was the deadliest aviation accident to occur in Colombia until American Airlines Flight 965.

Aviation accidents and incidents
An aviation accident is an event during aircraft operation that results in serious injury, death, or significant destruction. An aviation incident is any operating event that compromises safety but does not escalate into an aviation accident. Preventing both accidents and incidents is the primary goal of aviation safety. Adverse weather conditions, including turbulence, thunderstorms, icing, and low visibility, have historically been major contributing factors in aviation accidents and incidents worldwide.
Louisa Calio
Louisa Calio (born July 4, 1947 in Gravesend, Brooklyn) is an American poet, writer, multimedia performance artist and teacher. She has directed the Poets and Writers' Piazza for Hofstra University's Italian Experience for the past 10 years. Calio's writings have appeared internationally in anthologies, magazines and journals. She has been honored by Barnard College, Columbia University as a Feminist Who Changed America Second Wave 1963–1975. She has traveled to East and West Africa, lived in the Caribbean and documented her journeys in photographs and the written word, completing an epic poem "Journey to the Heart Waters" which was also the title of an exhibition of photos and poems that opened at Round Hill Resort in Montego Bay in 2007.

Hofstra University
Hofstra University is a private research university in Hempstead, New York, United States. It originated in 1935 as an extension of New York University and became an independent college in 1939. Comprising ten schools, including the Zucker School of Medicine and the Maurice A. Deane School of Law, Hofstra has hosted a series of prominent presidential conferences and several United States presidential debates.
Cato Menkerud
Cato Menkerud (born 23 August 1973 in Lillehammer, Norway) is a rally co-driver.  He started as a co-driver in 1992 for his father Helge Menkerud.  In addition to Henning Solberg, he has co-driven for Petter Solberg, Birger Gundersen, Thomas Kolberg, Alexander Foss and Henrik Lundgaard. After the 2009 World Rally Championship season, Menkerud split from Henning Solberg, and became the co-driver for Eyvind Brynildsen.  In addition to being a co-driver, he runs a gas station in Lillehammer, where he lives. He is married to Charlotte.

Co-driver
A co-driver is the navigator of a rally car in the sport of rallying, who sits in the front passenger seat. The co-driver's job is to navigate, commonly by reading off a set of pacenotes to the driver (what lies ahead, where to turn, the severity of the turn, and what obstacles to look out for). Some competitions require map interpretation. In stage rallying communication is often over a radio headset, due to the high level of noise in the car. The co-driver also tells the driver about any incidents or accidents that may have occurred further ahead in the stage. This role is particularly critical in high-end rally competitions such as WRC. Co-drivers are also often called on to perform maintenance on the car during road sections and special stages, such as changing a wheel.
Marco Bui
Marco Bui (born 17 October 1977) is an Italian professional mountain biker. Bui won the 2001 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup in the Cross-country time-trial.  During that season he recorded two wins - one at Napa Valley and one at Houffalize.

Bui also represented Italy at the Olympics.

2001 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup
The 2001 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup included four disciplines: cross-country, cross-country time-trial, downhill, and dual-slalom. It was sponsored by Tissot.

The cross-country, downhill and dual-slalom events on 7 and 8 July were originally scheduled to be held at Whistler, but were moved to Grouse Mountain.
Vanderyst worm lizard
The Vanderyst worm lizard (Monopeltis vanderysti), also known commonly as Vanderyst's worm lizard, is a species of amphisbaenian in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is native to Central Africa. There are two recognized subspecies.

Amphisbaenia
Amphisbaenia /æmfɪsˈbiːniə/ (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of typically legless lizards, comprising over 200 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a superficial resemblance to earthworms. While the genus Bipes retains forelimbs, all other genera are limbless. Phylogenetic studies suggest that they are nested within Lacertoidea, closely related to the lizard family Lacertidae. Amphisbaenians are widely distributed, occurring in North America, Europe, Africa, South America, Western Asia and the Caribbean. Most species are less than 6 inches (15 cm) long.
John IV (bishop of Naples)
John IV (Italian: Giovanni d'Acquarola or Giovanni Scriba; died 17 December 849), also known as the Peacemaker and John the Serene, was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Naples from 26 February 842 until his death.

He had the relics of Aspren translated to a chapel in the church of Santa Restituta in Naples. He also assisted Duke Andrew II in negotiating the Pactum Sicardi, an economic treaty, with Sicard, Prince of Benevento.

He was canonized after his death and is one of the patron saints of Naples. His feast day is 22 June.

Principality of Benevento
The Principality of Benevento was the sole Lombard territory (former Duchy of Benevento) which continued to exist as a rump state, maintaining its de facto independence after the fall of the Kingdom of the Lombards at the hands of the Franks. Benevento dwindled in size in the early 11th century, and was completely captured by the Norman Robert Guiscard in 1053.
Riverstone Networks
Riverstone Networks, was a provider of networking switching hardware based in Santa Clara, California. Originally part of Cabletron Systems, and based on an early acquisition of YAGO, it was one of the many Gigabit Ethernet startups in the mid-1990s. It is now a part of Alcatel-Lucent and its operations are being wound down via a Chapter 11 filing by their current owners.

Lucent Technologies
Lucent Technologies, Inc. was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs.

Lucent was acquired by the French technology company Alcatel on December 1, 2006, forming Alcatel-Lucent.
Proto-Indo-European phonology
The phonology of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) has been reconstructed by linguists, based on the similarities and differences among current and extinct Indo-European languages. Because PIE was not written, linguists must rely on the evidence of its earliest attested descendants, such as Hittite, Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin, to reconstruct its phonology.

The reconstruction of abstract units of PIE phonological systems (i.e. segments, or phonemes in traditional phonology) is mostly uncontroversial, although areas of dispute remain. Their phonetic interpretation is harder to establish; this pertains especially to the vowels, the so-called laryngeals, the palatal and plain velars and the voiced and voiced aspirated stops.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Chishui River (Shaanxi)
The Chishui River (Chinese: 赤水河; literally "Red Water River") is a river in China. It is a tributary of the Wei River. It is near the town of Chishui (Chinese: 赤水镇), in Hua County, under the jurisdiction of Weinan, in the northwestern province of Shaanxi.

On December 30, 2009, the Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha product oil pipeline that connects Lanzhou, Gansu with Zhengzhou, Henan burst, spilling 150,000 litres (40,000 US gal) of diesel oil into the Chishui River resulting in the Yellow River oil spill.

Northwestern China
Northwestern China (Chinese: 中国西北地区) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang.

The region is characterized by a (semi-)arid continental climate. It has a diverse population including significant ethnic minorities such as Hui, Uyghurs and Tibetans. Culturally, the region has historically been influenced by the Silk Road.
Roger Mortimer
Roger Mortimer (or Roger de Mortimer) is the name of:

Roger of Mortemer (fl. 1054 – after 1078)

Roger Mortimer of Wigmore (before 1153 – before 8 July 1214), medieval marcher lord

Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore (1231–1282), a marcher lord

Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer of Chirk (c. 1256 – 1326), a marcher lord

Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (1287–1330), English nobleman

Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March (1328–1360), military commander during the Hundred Years' War

Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March (1374–1398), heir presumptive to Richard II of England from 1385

Roger Mortimer (racing) (1909–1991),  English horse-racing correspondent

Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March
Roger de Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, 4th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore, KG (11 November 1328 – 26 February 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War.

He was the son of Sir Edmund Mortimer (d. 1331) and Elizabeth de Badlesmere, and grandson of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March.
Yelkanum Seclamatan
Yelkanum Seclamatan (/jɛlˈkeɪnəm səˈklæmətən/ yel-KAY-nəm sə-KLAM-ə-tən; Nooksack: Y'elʔqáy'nem Selh'émeten [jˀəlʔˈqæjˀnəm səˈɬʼəməˌtən]; died April 1911), also known as Chief Jim, Indian Jim, Lynden Jim, or Squahalish Jim, was chief of the Nooksack Indians in the late 19th century. His first name has variously been spelled Yellakanim, Yallakanum, or Yellow Kanim, and his last name Seklameten or Seclamatum.

Nooksack language
Nooksack (Nooksack: Lhéchelesem, /'ɬə.t͡ʃə.lə.səm/) is a Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Nooksack is spoken by the Nooksack people, who reside primarily along the Nooksack River in Whatcom County, Washington.

Linguistically, Nooksack is most closely related to the Squamish, shíshálh and Halkomelem languages, which are all spoken in nearby parts of British Columbia, Canada. Some researchers have questioned whether the Nooksack language is simply a divergent dialect of Halkomelem, but research has proved that Nooksack is in fact a distinct language.

The Nooksack language has only one fluent speaker as of 2020.
Barnaby Lenon
Barnaby John Lenon CBE (born 10 May 1954) is a British schoolmaster who was headmaster of Harrow School until 2011. He is currently professor and dean of education at the University of Buckingham. He is chairman of the Independent Schools Council (ISC) and has been a governor of 23 state and independent schools and a board member of Ofqual. From 2011 to 2012 he was vice-president of the Royal Geographical Society. In 2012 he helped establish a Free School in east London, the London Academy of Excellence, and was the chairman of governors. He was a trustee of the New Schools Network and is a trustee of Yellow Submarine (a charity which supports children and young adults with learning disabilities in Oxfordshire).

Free school (England)
A free school in England is a type of academy established since 2010 under the Cameron–Clegg government's free school policy initiative. From May 2015, usage of the term was formally extended to include new academies set up via a local authority competition. Like other academies, free schools are non-profit-making, state-funded schools which are free to attend but which are mostly independent of the local authority.
Sweetwater Lake State Park
Sweetwater Lake State Park is a proposed Colorado State Park in Garfield County, Colorado in the United States, approximately 18 miles (29 km) north of the town of Dotsero. The site occupies 488 acres (197 ha) and is located within the White River National Forest in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area. The park is unique in that it is the first proposed state park in the nation to be created from land owned by the United States Forest Service. Governor Jared Polis announced the creation of the park, Colorado's 43rd, on October 20, 2021.

Garfield County, Colorado
Garfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,685. The county seat is Glenwood Springs, and the largest community is Rifle. The county is named in honor of United States President James A. Garfield.

Garfield County is included in the Rifle-Glenwood Springs Micropolitan Statistical Area, which also includes neighboring Pitkin County and is home to nearly 80,000 residents. The county is also included in the Glenwood Springs-Edwards combined statistical area.
Abu-Shakur Balkhi
Abu Shakur Balkhi (Persian: ابوشکور بلخی; born possibly in 912-13) was one of the most important Persian poets of the Samanid period.

He was a contemporary of Rudaki, and wrote three masnavis, the work Āfarin nama (written in 944) among them. Only 192 scraps of his verses remain today.

Masnavi
The Masnavi is an extensive Persian masnavi (a poetic form) written  by Rumi, and one of the most influential works in the history of Sufism. It is a series of six books of poetry that together amount to around 25,000 verses or 50,000 lines.

Ascribed to be like a "Quran in Persian", some Muslims regard the Masnavi as one of the most important works of Islamic literature, falling behind only the Quran. It has been viewed by many commentators as the greatest mystical poem in world literature. 
It is a spiritual text that teaches Sufis how to reach their goal of being truly in love with God.
Ocilla and Valdosta Railroad
Chartered in 1903, the Ocilla and Valdosta Railroad had originally planned on building a railroad from Macon, GA to Valdosta, GA.  In 1905 it acquired track between Broxton, GA and Hazlehurst, GA from the Broxton, Hazlehurst and Savannah Railroad.  By 1906 it was operating between Broxton and Ocilla, GA and was constructing track to Fitzgerald, GA.  The O&V then ran into financial trouble and sold the Broxton to Hazlehurst section to the Douglas, Augusta and Gulf Railway in 1907 and the next year the remainder of the O&V was sold to the Fitzgerald, Ocilla and Broxton Railroad.

Valdosta, Georgia
Valdosta is a city in and the county seat of Lowndes County in the U.S. state of Georgia. As the principal city of the Valdosta metropolitan statistical area, which in 2023 had a metropolitan population of 151,118, according to the US Census Bureau its metropolitan area includes Brooks County to the west. With a city population of 55,378 in 2020, Valdosta is the home of Valdosta State University, a regional university in the University System of Georgia with over 12,000 students as of 2021.
Joey Jamison
Joey Jamison (born October 12, 1978) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL draft. He played college football for the Texas Southern Tigers.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Blowback (FlashForward)
"Blowback" is the thirteenth episode of the American television series FlashForward. The episode's teleplay was written by Lisa Zwerling and  Barbara Nance and was directed by Constantine Makris, and was originally aired in the United States on ABC on March 25, 2010.

Constantine Makris
Constantine Makris A.S.C. is a Greek-American cinematographer, television director and television producer who has mainly worked on Dick Wolf's series. For his work on Law & Order, he won Emmys for Outstanding Cinematography, Single Camera Series in 1993, 1997 and 1998.

He studied political science, engaging in various jobs after graduation, including that of a taxi driver. His first, brief stint in cinematography was as a director's assistant for a commercial. Later on, he met Larry Pizer BSC with whom he collaborated. Makris has not had formal cinematography studies, but instead gained expertise working alongside accomplished directors.