hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1977–78 Biathlon World Cup
The 1977–78 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the UIPMB (Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne et Biathlon). The season started on 13 January 1978 in Ruhpolding, West Germany, and ended in April 1978 in Sodankylä, Finland. It was the first ever season of the Biathlon World Cup, and it was only held for men.

Sigleif Johansen
Sigleif Johansen (born 25 October 1948, in Tana) is a former Norwegian biathlete. He won a silver medal in the 20 km individual at the World Championships in 1977 in Lillehammer, and a bronze medal in Ruhpolding in 1979. He received a silver medal in the 4 × 7.5 km relay in 1978.
Julie Hogg
Julie Hogg (née Whitehouse) (born 4 November 1958 in New Zealand) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Hogg made her Football Ferns debut in a 2–2 draw with Australia on 6 October 1979, and finished her international career with 19 caps and 7 goals to her credit.

Hogg continues to be involved in women's international football as team manager at the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and the 2008 Olympic Games

Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held in Beijing and several other cities in the People's Republic of China from 6 to 23 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to send their full women's national teams and men's U-23 teams to participate. Men's teams were allowed to augment their squad with three players over the age of 23.

For these games, the men competed in a 16-team tournament, and the women in a 12-team tournament. Preliminary matches commenced two days before the Opening Ceremony of the Games on 8 August.
Scotland Island
Scotland Island is an island and suburb on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Church Point, Scotland Island's major mainland service locality, is located 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Northern Beaches Council.

Northern Beaches
The Northern Beaches is a region within Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, near the Pacific coast. This area extends south to the entrance of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), west to Middle Harbour and north to the entrance of Broken Bay. The area was formerly inhabited by the Garigal or Caregal people in a region known as Guringai country.

The Northern Beaches district is governed on a local level by the Northern Beaches Council, which was formed in May 2016 from Warringah Council (est. 1906), Manly Council (est. 1877), and Pittwater Council (est. 1992).
Jack N. Gerard
Jack Noel Gerard (born December 15, 1957) has been a general authority of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since April 2018. He previously served for ten years as head of the American Petroleum Institute (API), the petroleum and natural gas industry lobby group in the United States.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Writing in a Feature Production
The  Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Writing in a Feature Production (or Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Writing in an Animated Feature Production) is an Annie Award awarded annually, except in 1997, to the best animated feature film and introduced in 1996. It rewards screenwriting for animated feature films.

Awards for Best Writing were awarded in 1994 and 1995, but were also rewarding animated series. The award was formerly called Best Individual Achievement: Writing in 1996, and Outstanding Individual Achievement for Writing in an Animated Feature Production from 1998 to 2002.

Phil Johnston (filmmaker)
Philip Johnston (born October 26, 1971) is an American filmmaker and voice actor, best known as one of the writers for the Walt Disney Animation Studios films Wreck-It Ralph (2012), Zootopia (2016) and Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018), the latter of which he directed alongside Rich Moore and received an Academy Award nomination.
U&I (song)
"U&I" is a song recorded in two languages (Korean and Japanese) by South Korean singer Ailee. The Korean version was released as the lead single for her second extended play A's Doll House, via YMC Entertainment on July 12, 2013. In Japan, "U&I" was released as a standalone CD single on March 19, 2014, via Warner Music Japan.

The song experienced commercial success in South Korea, peaking at number one for two consecutive weeks on both the Gaon Digital Chart and K-pop Hot 100. It underperformed in Japan, however, peaking at number 110 on the Oricon Singles Chart.

Circle Digital Chart
The Circle Digital Chart, previously known as the Gaon Digital Chart, is the music industry standard record chart ranking the 200 most popular singles in South Korea. It provides rankings on a weekly, monthly, and yearly basis, which is based on an aggregate of streaming, downloads and background music from major South Korean music platforms, as well as video ringback tone sales from the V Coloring app. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart.
Crayon Shin-chan: Roar! Kasukabe Animal Kingdom
Crayon Shin-chan: Roar! Kasukabe Animal Kingdom (クレヨンしんちゃん オタケベ!カスカベ野生王国, Kureyon Shinchan: Otakebe! Kasukabe Yasei Ōkoku), also known as Crayon Shin-chan: Roar! Kasukabe Wild Kingdom is a 2009 anime film. It is the 17th film based on the popular comedy manga and anime series Crayon Shin-chan. The film was released to theatres on April 18, 2009 in Japan.

Crayon Shin-chan
Crayon Shin-chan (Japanese: クレヨンしんちゃん, Hepburn: Kureyon Shin-chan) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshito Usui. Crayon Shin-chan made its first appearance in 1990 in a Japanese weekly magazine called Weekly Manga Action, which was published by Futabasha. Due to the death of author Yoshito Usui, the manga in its original form ended on September 11, 2009. A new manga began in the summer of 2010 by members of Usui's team, titled New Crayon Shin-chan (新クレヨンしんちゃん, Shin Kureyon Shin-chan).

An animated television adaptation began airing on TV Asahi in 1992 and is still ongoing, with over 1200 episodes. The show has been dubbed in 30 languages which aired in 45 countries. As of 2023, both the Crayon Shin-Chan and New Crayon Shin-Chan series has over 148 million copies in circulation, making it among the best-selling manga series in history.
Curryville, New Brunswick
Curryville is a Canadian community near the eastern edge of Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada. Situated along the Albert Mines Road and its intersections with Chemical Road and Grub Road, the village is bordered by Demoiselle Creek in the north and Cape Station in the south. Population is approximately 110 of 798 residents in Hopewell Parish. Prominent buildings include the former Curryville United Church and a former community hall, now a ceramic arts studio. Other features include various abandoned pits and quarries (gravel and sandstone) and remnants of the now dismantled Albert Railway (1877 to 1955).

Hopewell Parish
Hopewell is a geographic parish in eastern Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes, most of the parish is part of the village of Fundy Albert, with the northwestern corner part of the Southeast rural district.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the village of Riverside-Albert and the local service district of the parish of Hopewell.
Mamaroneck Harbor (Long Island Sound)
Mamaroneck Harbor is the name of a bay located in the village of Mamaroneck  on the Long Island Sound, in Westchester County, New York. It is open to southerly winds but affords shelter against northerly winds for vessels drawing less than 10. The depth in the outer harbor is from 7 to 12 feet at low tide. Mamaroneck River is a shallow, and a stream or tidal inlet. The rocks in Mamaroneck Harbor rise abruptly, and some of them are bare at low tide.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Betiliena gens
The gens Betiliena was a minor plebeian family of ancient Rome.  Only a few members of this gens are mentioned in Roman writers, all from the early decades of the imperial era.  Other Betilieni are known from inscriptions.

Alatri
Alatri (Latin: Aletrium) is an Italian town and comune of the province of Frosinone in the region of Lazio, with c. 30,000 inhabitants. An ancient city of the Hernici, it is known for its megalithic acropolis.
Flora of Taiwan
The flora of Taiwan (Chinese: 臺灣植物誌; pinyin: Táiwān Zhíwù Zhì) is rich and varied due to the island's diverse geography and climate zones. The main island is situated on the Tropic of Cancer between China and the Philippine Sea basin. There are mountains in the east, running north and south on two-thirds of the island, with many peaks over 10,000 feet in elevation, and lower, flatter, and more fertile land to the west. The tropical climate, plentiful rainfall, and wide altitudinal range make for abundant and varied vegetation. Taiwan is home to over 4300 species of vascular plants, of which it is estimated that 600 are ferns, 28 are gymnosperms, 2400 are dicots, and 1000 are monocots.

Orchid Island
Orchid Island, known as Pongso no Tao by the indigenous inhabitants, is a 45 km2 (17 sq mi) volcanic island located off the southeastern coast of Taiwan. The island and the nearby Lesser Orchid Island are governed by Taiwan as Lanyu Township in Taitung County, which is one of the county's two insular townships (the other being Lyudao Township). It is separated from the Batanes of the Philippines by the Bashi Channel of the Luzon Strait.

It is considered a potential World Heritage Site.
Donabedian model
The Donabedian model is a conceptual model that provides a framework for examining health services and evaluating quality of health care. According to the model, information about quality of care can be drawn from three categories:  "structure", "process", and "outcomes". Structure describes the context in which care is delivered, including hospital buildings, staff, financing, and equipment. Process denotes the transactions between patients and providers throughout the delivery of healthcare. Finally, outcomes refer to the effects of healthcare on the health status of patients and populations. Avedis Donabedian, a physician and health services researcher at the University of Michigan, developed the original model in 1966. While there are other quality of care frameworks, including the World Health Organization (WHO)-Recommended Quality of Care Framework and the Bamako Initiative, the Donabedian model continues to be the dominant paradigm for assessing the quality of health care.

Conceptual model
The term conceptual model refers to any model that is the direct output of a conceptualization or generalization process. Conceptual models are often abstractions of things in the real world, whether physical or social. Semantic studies are relevant to various stages of concept formation. Semantics is fundamentally a study of concepts, the meaning that thinking beings give to various elements of their experience.
LAPB
Link Access Procedure, Balanced (LAPB) implements the data link layer as defined in the X.25 protocol suite. LAPB is a bit-oriented protocol derived from HDLC that ensures that frames are error free and in the correct sequence.  LAPB is specified in ITU-T Recommendation X.25 and ISO/IEC 7776.  It implements the connection-mode data link service in the OSI Reference Model as defined by ITU-T Recommendation X.222.

LAPB is used to manage communication and packet framing between data terminal equipment (DTE) and the data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) devices in the X.25 protocol stack. LAPB is essentially HDLC in Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM). LAPB sessions can be established by either the DTE or DCE. The station initiating the call is determined to be the primary, and the responding station is the secondary.

Protocol stack
The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family.  Some of these terms are used interchangeably, but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.

Individual protocols within a suite are often designed with a single purpose in mind. This modularization simplifies design and evaluation. Because each protocol module usually communicates with two others, they are commonly imagined as layers in a stack of protocols. The lowest protocol always deals with low-level interaction with the communications hardware. Each higher layer adds additional capabilities. User applications usually deal only with the topmost layers.
Charing
Charing (listenⓘ) is a village and civil parish in the Ashford district of Kent, in south-east England. It includes the settlements of Charing Heath and Westwell Leacon. It is located at the foot of the North Downs and reaches up to the escarpment. In 2011 the parish had a population of 2,766.

The Pilgrims' Way, the M20 motorway and Charing railway station (between London Victoria and Ashford International via Maidstone) serve the parish.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Grace Preparatory Academy
Grace Preparatory Academy (GPA) is a private, college-preparatory Christian school located in Arlington, Texas, United States. Founded in 1992, it offers programs for Kindergarten through Twelfth Grade students drawn from the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is the founding member of the National Association of University-Model Schools and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

Christian school
A Christian school is a religious school run on Christian principles or by a Christian organization. These schools often include religious education and worship in their curriculum. They may also have a distinct Christian mission or philosophy.

The nature of Christian schools varies enormously from country to country, according to the religious, educational, and political cultures. In some countries, there is a strict separation of church and state, so all religious schools are private; in others, there is an established church whose teachings form an integral part of the state-operated educational system; in yet others, the state subsidizes religious schools of various denominations.
Cauchy's convergence test
The Cauchy convergence test is a method used to test infinite series for convergence. It relies on bounding sums of terms in the series. This convergence criterion is named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy who published it in his textbook Cours d'Analyse 1821.

Cours d'analyse
Cours d'analyse de l’École royale polytechnique; I.re Partie. Analyse algébrique ("Analysis Course" in English) is a seminal textbook in infinitesimal calculus published by Augustin-Louis Cauchy in 1821. The article follows the translation by Bradley and Sandifer in describing its contents.
Garnett Farm Historic District
Garnett Farm Historic District, also known as Ott Farm, is a historic home and farm and national historic district located near Centertown, Cole County, Missouri.  It encompasses 11 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, 2 contributing structures, and 1 contributing object dated between about 1860 and 1965.  They include the farmhouse (c. 1890), garage (c. 1920), smokehouse (c. 1840), outhouse (c. 1900), well house (c. 1940), bull barn, bank barn (c. 1876), milk house (1952), cattle barn (1905-1906), tack room (c. 1900), grain bin (c. 1930), Garnett barn (1910), silo (1946); water pump, and a cemetery.  The farmhouse is a two-story brick residence with some Georgian Revival and Italianate style features.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

Farmhouse
A farmhouse is a building that serves as the primary quarters in a rural or agricultural setting. Historically, farmhouses were often combined with space for animals called a housebarn. Other farmhouses may be connected to one or more barns, built to form a courtyard, or with each farm building separate from each other.
Special Investigation Team
Special Investigation Teams (SIT) (特殊事件捜査係, Tokushu Jiken Sousa Kakari) are tactical detective units of Japanese prefectural police forces. Special Investigation Teams are maintained by prefectural police headquarters (PPH) and are trained to handle critical incidents including criminal investigation and tactical operations.

Police tactical unit
A police tactical unit (PTU) is a specialized police unit trained and equipped to handle situations that are beyond the capabilities of ordinary law enforcement units because of the level of violence (or risk of violence) involved. The tasks of a police tactical unit may include executing dangerous search warrants and arrest warrants for dangerous persons; arresting or neutralizing dangerous or mentally ill armed persons; and intervening in high-risk situations such as shootouts, standoffs, hostage-takings, and terrorist incidents.
Bang Bang You're Dead (song)
"Bang Bang You're Dead" is a song by English band Dirty Pretty Things. It was released as the first single from the band's debut album, Waterloo to Anywhere (2006), on 24 April 2006. The song charted at number five on the UK Singles Chart and topped the NME chart in 2006. The same year, it was used as the theme tune to the BBC series Sorted.

Early rumours about the song claimed it was about Pete Doherty, citing the lyric "I gave you the Midas touch/You turned round and scratched out my heart". Carl Barât later affirmed this in an interview for Vulture.

Pete Doherty
Peter Doherty (born 12 March 1979) is an English musician. He is best known for being co-frontman of the Libertines, which he formed with Carl Barât in 1997. His other musical projects are indie bands Babyshambles and Peter Doherty and the Puta Madres.
Kradolf
Kradolf is a village and former municipality in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.

It was first recorded in year 883 as Chreinthorf.

The municipality had 147 inhabitants in 1850, which increased to 228 in 1880, 649 in 1900 and 1,064 in 1920. It then dropped to 983 in 1950 before increasing again, to 1,183 in 1990.

In 1996 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Buhwil, Neukirch an der Thur and Schönenberg an der Thur to form a new and larger municipality Kradolf-Schönenberg.

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
Proto-Cushitic language
Proto-Cushitic is the reconstructed proto-language common ancestor of the Cushitic language family.  Its words and roots are not directly attested in any written works, but have been reconstructed through the comparative method, which finds regular similarities between languages not explained by coincidence or word-borrowing, and extrapolates ancient forms from these similarities.

There is no consensus regarding the exact location of the Proto-Cushitic homeland; Christopher Ehret hypothesizes that it may have originated in the Red Sea Hills. The Cushitic languages are a branch of the broader Afroasiatic macro-family.

Linguistic homeland
In historical linguistics, the homeland or Urheimat (/ˈʊər.haɪ.mɑːt/, OOR-hye-maht; from German ur- 'original' and Heimat 'home') of a proto-language is the region in which it was spoken before splitting into different daughter languages. A proto-language is the reconstructed or historically attested parent language of a group of languages that are genetically related.

Depending on the age of the language family under consideration, its homeland may be known with near-certainty (in the case of historical or near-historical migrations) or it may be very uncertain (in the case of deep prehistory). Next to internal linguistic evidence, the reconstruction of a prehistoric homeland makes use of a variety of disciplines, including archaeology and archaeogenetics.
A. Kitman Ho
Alexander Kitman Ho (Chinese: 何傑民; pinyin: Hé Jiémín; born 1950), known as A. Kitman Ho, is an American film producer.

He was born in Hong Kong, and emigrated with his family to the United States when he was 5 years old. He grew up in New York City's Chinatown neighborhood. After graduating from Goddard College in Vermont with a master's degree in Cinema. He continued his studies at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.

Ho has produced many of Oliver Stone's films, such as Platoon, Wall Street, Talk Radio, Born on the Fourth of July, The Doors, JFK, and Heaven & Earth.

Goddard College
Goddard College was a private college with three locations in the United States: Plainfield, Vermont; Port Townsend, Washington; and Seattle. The college offered undergraduate and graduate degree programs. With predecessor institutions dating to 1863, Goddard College was founded in 1938 as an experimental and non-traditional educational institution based on the idea that experience and education are intricately linked.

For many years, Goddard College provided a mix of residential, low-residency, and distance-learning programs. Its intensive low-residency model was first developed for its MFA in Creative Writing Program in 1963.

In April 2024, Goddard announced that the college would close at the end of the spring semester, due to financial issues and a decline in enrollment. The college was accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.