hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aiton (surname)
Aiton is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

George Aiton, Major League Baseball player

John Aiton, Scottish religious writer

Paul Aiton, Papua New Guinean rugby league player

William Aiton (1731–1793), Scottish botanist for whom the standard author abbreviation "Aiton" is used when citing a botanical name

William Townsend Aiton (1766–1849), Scottish botanist; William Aiton's son

William Aiton (sheriff), Scottish law agent

Paul Aiton
Paul Aiton (born 1985) is a Papua New Guinean former professional rugby league footballer  who is the current head-coach of the PNG Hunters in the Queensland Cup and assistant-coach of the PNG Kumuls.

A Papua New Guinea international representative hooker, Aiton played for the Penrith Panthers and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL, and the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, Leeds Rhinos and the Catalans Dragons in the Super League.
Wenatchee Dome
The Wenatchee Dome is a large, igneous intrusion located on the southern end of Miller Street in Wenatchee, Washington.

The Wenatchee Dome was the location of the Cannon-Asamera gold mining operation. The mine closed in the 1990s and all mining operations ended by 1994. The mine entrance on the north of the dome was sealed by concrete. Much of the mine activities included a strip mine in Dry Gulch to the southwest of the dome. The mining company worked to restore the area.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Japanese destroyer Akebono
Four Japanese destroyers have been named Akebono (曙 / あけぼの, "dawn" or "daybreak"):

Japanese destroyer Akebono (1899), an Ikazuchi-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Russo-Japanese War

Japanese destroyer Akebono (1930), a Fubuki-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II

JDS Akebono (DE-201), a destroyer escort (or frigate) of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force in 1956

JS Akebono (DD-108), a Murasame-class destroyer (1994) that entered into service of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force in 2002

Murasame-class destroyer (1994)
The Murasame-class destroyer (むらさめ型護衛艦, Murasame-gata-goei-kan) is a class of destroyers serving with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). This is the first class of the second-generation, general-purpose destroyers of the JMSDF.
USS Laura Reed
USS Laura Reed (SP-2009), also listed as ID-2009, was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919.

Laura Reed was built as a civilian schooner of the same name in 1895 at Noank, Connecticut. On 27 November 1917, the U.S. Navy chartered her from her owner, Henry L. Galpin of New Haven, Connecticut, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. She was enrolled in the Naval Coast Defense Reserve on 30 November 1917, delivered to the Navy on 3 December 1917, and commissioned as USS Laura Reed (SP-2009) at New Haven on 6 December 1917.

Assigned to the 3rd Naval District and based at New Haven, Laura Reed operated as a patrol boat and as a training ship for the Yale University Naval Unit for the rest of World War I.

The Navy returned Laura Reed to Galpin on 7 January 1919.

Noank, Connecticut
Noank (/ˈnoʊæŋk/ NOH-ank) is a village in the town of Groton, Connecticut. This dense community of historic homes and local businesses sits on a small, steep peninsula at the mouth of the Mystic River and has a long tradition of fishing, lobstering, and boat-building. The village is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places and is the home of multiple seaside lobster shacks and oyster aquaculture operations. The population was 1,796 at the 2010 census.
Crepis vesicaria
Crepis vesicaria is a European species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae with the common name beaked hawk's-beard. It is native to the Western and Southern Europe from Ireland and Portugal east as far as Germany, Austria, and Greece. It became naturalized in scattered locations in North America.

Crepis vesicaria  is an annual, biennial, or perennial herb up to 120 cm (48 inches or 4 feet) tall, producing a large underground caudex. Each plant can have as many as 20 flower heads, each with up to 70 ray florets but no disc florets. It grows on hillsides and in sandy clearings.

A prominent plant, Crepis vesicaria stands erect, with many  branches, each ending in its own dandelion-like flower.

The underside of the flower has two layers of leaf-like phyllaries. The inner layer is longer and pointed, and often curls back away from the rest of the flower head. The outer layer is substantially shorter.

The plant is a source of helenynolic acid, a rare fatty acid.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
Pontrilas, Saskatchewan
Pontrilas was a town in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan that no longer exists.  At one time Pontrilas was a small farming community approximately 10 miles (16.1 km) south of Nipawin. Access is from Highway 35.

At one time, there were four grain elevators, small stores, and other services.  Around the centre were homes and a two-room school for grades 1 to 12. When the school closed, the students were sent to Codette and Nipawin; the school's merry-go-round was sent to Codette. There was a hotel, which burnt down. The community was named for Pontrilas in Herefordshire, near the border with Wales.

Nipawin
Nipawin (/ˈnɪpəwɪn/) is a town in Saskatchewan, Canada, on the Saskatchewan River portion of Tobin Lake. The town lies between Codette Lake, created by the Francois-Finlay Dam (built in 1986) and Tobin Lake, created by the E.B. Campbell Dam built in 1963, renamed from Squaw Rapids. The construction of Francois-Finlay Dam earned Nipawin the nickname the "Town of Two Lakes".

Nipawin is bordered by the Rural Municipality of Nipawin No. 487 and the Rural Municipality of Torch River No. 488 (the latter across the Saskatchewan River).

Highway 35 and Highway 55 intersect in Nipawin. The Nipawin Airport and the Nipawin Water Aerodrome also serve the community.

Nipawin is a Cree word meaning "stand up" which referred to a low-lying area along the river now flooded by Codette Lake where First Nations women and children would camp and wait for the men to arrive.
Harley Street (TV series)
Harley Street is a British television medical drama shown on ITV from 17 July to 21 August 2008.

The series was made by Carnival Films and was set in Harley Street, London. Created by Marston Bloom and written by Howard Overman, Jack Williams, and Nicole Taylor, the stories were about the lives of Harley Street specialists and the cases that were presented to them.

Harley Street
Harley Street is a street in Marylebone, Central London, named after Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer and part of the Howard de Walden Estate. The nearest London Underground stations are Regent's Park, Great Portland Street and Oxford Circus. It is known for having a high concentration of doctors and medical practitioners.
KCYU-LD
KCYU-LD (channel 41) is a low-power television station in Yakima, Washington, United States, affiliated with Fox and Telemundo. The station is owned by Rincon Broadcasting Group, and maintains studios on West Lincoln Avenue in Yakima; its transmitter is located on Ahtanum Ridge.

Although considered a separate station in its own right, KCYU-LD is a semi-satellite of Pendleton, Oregon–licensed KFFX-TV (channel 11), which serves the Tri-Cities area. KCYU-LD simulcasts all Fox network and syndicated programming as provided through its parent, and the two stations share a website. However, KCYU-LD airs separate legal identifications and commercial inserts. KFFX-TV serves the eastern half of the Tri-Cities–Yakima market while KCYU-LD serves the western portion. Master control and some internal operations of KCYU-LD are based at KFFX-TV's studios on Clearwater Avenue in Kennewick. On satellite, KCYU-LD is only available on Dish Network, while DirecTV carries KFFX-TV instead.

Ahtanum Ridge
Ahtanum Ridge is a long anticline mountain ridge in Yakima County in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located just south of the city of Yakima, and much of its length is at the northern edge of the Yakama Indian Reservation. Its name comes from the Sahaptin toponym [átanɨm].

Ahtanum Ridge is part of the Yakima Fold Belt of east-tending long ridges formed by the folding of Miocene Columbia River basalt flows.

Ahtanum Ridge separates Yakima Valley on the south from Ahtanum Valley on the north. At the eastern end of Ahtanum Ridge the Yakima River flows through Union Gap. The ridge continues east of Union Gap as the Rattlesnake Hills.
Robert Manzenreiter
Robert Manzenreiter (born August 28, 1966 in Innsbruck) is an Austrian luger who competed during the late 1980s and early 1990s. He won two silver medals in the mixed team event at the FIL World Luge Championships (1991, 1993).

Manzenreiter also finished sixth in the men's singles event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. As of 2007, he is training coordinator for the Austria luge team.

Albertville
Albertville (French pronunciation: [albɛʁvil] ⓘ; Arpitan: Arbèrtvile) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. 
It is best known for hosting the 1992 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. In 2022, the commune had a population of 19,706; its urban area had 40,715 inhabitants.
Jacobus Wilhelmus Sauer
Jacobus Wilhelmus ("J.W.") Sauer (1850 – 24 July 1913), was a prominent liberal politician of the Cape Colony. He served as Minister in multiple Cape governments, and was influential in several unsuccessful attempts to enshrine equal political rights for black South Africans in the constitution of the Union of South Africa. He was also a strong early supporter of women's rights and suffrage.

Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope
The Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope functioned as the legislature of the Cape Colony, from its founding in 1853, until the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, when it was dissolved and the Parliament of South Africa was established. It consisted of the House of Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house).
David H. Porter
David Hugh Porter (29 October 1935 – 25 March 2016) was an American academic and the fifth president of Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, New York, serving from 1987 to 1999. Porter was a professor and lecturer of classics and music, starting his career at Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, where he taught from 1962 to 1987.

Saratoga Springs, New York
Saratoga Springs is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track operated by the New York Racing Association, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses".
Pergamus (Crete)
Pergamus or Pergamos (Ancient Greek: Πέργαμος), or Pergamia or Pergamea, was a town of ancient Crete, to which a mythical origin was ascribed. According to Virgil, it was founded by Aeneas (see Pergamea), according to Velleius Paterculus by Agamemnon, and according to Servius by the Trojan prisoners belonging to the fleet of Agamemnon. Lycurgus, the Spartan legislator, was said to have died at this place, and his tomb was shown there in the time of Aristoxenus. It is said by Servius to have been near Cydonia, and is mentioned by Pliny the Elder in connection with Cydonia. The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax says that the Dictynnaeum stood in the territory of Pergamus.

The site of Pergamus is tentatively located near modern Ag. Eirini, Grimbiliana.

Servius the Grammarian
Servius, distinguished as Servius the Grammarian (Latin: Servius or Seruius Grammaticus), was a late fourth-century and early fifth-century grammarian. He earned a contemporary reputation as the most learned man of his generation in Italy. He authored a set of commentaries on the works of Virgil; these works, In Tria Virgilii Opera Expositio ("Exposition on Three Works of Virgil"), Commentarii in Virgilium ("Commentaries on Virgil"), Commentarii in Vergilii Opera ("Commentaries on the Works of Vergil"), or Vergilii Carmina Commentarii ("Commentaries on the Poems of Virgil"), constituted the first incunable to be printed at Florence, by Bernardo Cennini, in 1471.

In the Saturnalia of Macrobius, Servius appears as one of the interlocutors; allusions in that work and a letter from Symmachus to Servius indicate that he was not a convert to Christianity.
The Symbol Remains
The Symbol Remains is the fourteenth studio album by American rock band Blue Öyster Cult, released on October 9, 2020. The album title comes from a lyric in the song "Shadow of California" on the band's 1983 LP The Revölution by Night.

This is the band's first studio release since 2001's Curse of the Hidden Mirror, making it the band's longest gap between studio albums. It also marks the recording debut by long-time members Jules Radino and Richie Castellano, as well as the first studio album since 1985's Club Ninja to not feature Allen Lanier, who died in 2013. The album entered the Billboard 200 album chart at No. 192, making it their first album to chart in the United States since Imaginos in August 1988.

Albert Bouchard
Albert Bouchard (/buˈʃɑːrd/; born May 24, 1947) is an American musician. He is a founding member and one of the first and most prominent drummers of the hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult and current drummer of The Dictators. He is the older brother of former Blue Öyster Cult bassist Joe Bouchard.
South Jutland (Folketing constituency)
South Jutland (Danish: Sydjylland) is one of the 12 multi-member constituencies of the Folketing, the national legislature of Denmark. The constituency was established in 2007 following the public administration structural reform. It consists of the municipalities of Aabenraa, Billund, Esbjerg, Fanø, Fredericia, Haderslev, Kolding, Sønderborg, Tønder, Varde, Vejen and Vejle. The constituency currently elects 17 of the 179 members of the Folketing using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 general election it had 526,547 registered electors.

Vejen Municipality
Vejen Municipality (Danish: Vejen Kommune) is a kommune in the Region of Southern Denmark on the Jutland peninsula in south Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 817 km2, and has a total population of 42,702 (2025). Its mayor is Frank Schmidt-Hansen, representing the Conservative People's Party.

The municipality is part of Triangle Region and of the East Jutland metropolitan area, which had a total population of 1.378 million in 2016.

The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Vejen. One of the attractions of the area is the Vejen Art Museum.
Tian'anmendong station
Tian'anmendong (simplified Chinese: 天安门东站; traditional Chinese: 天安門東站; pinyin: Tiān'ānmén Dōng Zhàn) is a station on Line 1 of the Beijing Subway. It provides the most direct access to many Beijing tourist sites, including Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, and the National Museum of China.

Line 1 (Beijing Subway)
Line 1 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁1号线; pinyin: Běijīng dìtiě yīhào xiàn) is the oldest and one of the busiest lines of Beijing's mass transit rail network.  The line runs underneath Chang'an Avenue, the city's grand east–west thoroughfare, right through the heart of Beijing with stops on either side of Tiananmen Square. Line 1's color is dark red. Through operation with the Batong line started on August 29, 2021.
Jorge Lucar
Jorge Lucar Figueroa (born 6 January 1934) is a Chilean Army general and member of the Government Junta that ruled Chile from 1973–1990.  He served on the junta as a member from 2 January to 11 March 1990. He is the last living Government Junta member after the death of Santiago Sinclair.

Government Junta of Chile (1973)
The Government Junta of Chile (Spanish: Junta de Gobierno de Chile) was the military junta established to rule Chile during the military dictatorship that followed the overthrow of President Salvador Allende in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The Government Junta was the executive and legislative branch of government until 17 December 1974, when Augusto Pinochet was formally declared President of Chile. After that date, it functioned strictly as a legislative body until the return to democracy in 1990.
Atima Srivastava
Atima Srivastava (born 1961 in Mumbai, India) is an author and director who lives in London. She has written short stories, authored six books, and has done multiple film directing and editing projects. Srivastava has won several awards for her work in film and literature. She also teaches and designs creative writing programs in universities throughout Europe.

Creative writing
Creative writing is any writing that goes beyond the boundaries of normal professional, journalistic, academic, or technical forms of literature, typically identified by an emphasis on craft and technique, such as narrative structure, character development, literary tropes, genre, and poetics. Both fictional and non-fictional works fall into this category, including such forms as novels, biographies, short stories, poems, and even some forms of journalism. In academic settings, creative writing is typically separated into fiction and poetry classes, with a focus on writing in an original style, as opposed to imitating pre-existing genres such as crime or horror. Writing for the screen and stage—screenwriting and playwriting—are often taught separately, but fit under the creative writing category as well.
William Duer (Continental congressman)
William Duer (March 18, 1743 – May 7, 1799) was a British-born American jurist, developer, and financial speculator from New York City. A Federalist, Duer wrote in support of ratifying the United States Constitution as "Philo-Publius". He had earlier served in the Continental Congress and the convention that framed the New York Constitution. In 1778, Duer signed the United States Articles of Confederation and is one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Duer owned 10 slaves.

Duer spent most of his life as a financial speculator. In 1792, following his involvement in one of the nation's first financial panics, Duer went bankrupt and was confined to debtors' prison, where he died seven years later.

Livingston family
The Livingston family of New York is a prominent family that migrated from Scotland to the Dutch Republic, and then to the Province of New York in the 17th century. Descended from the 4th Lord Livingston, its members included signers of the United States Declaration of Independence (Philip Livingston) and the United States Constitution (William Livingston). Several members were Lords of Livingston Manor and Clermont Manor, located along the Hudson River in 18th-century eastern New York.
Canton of Saint-Avold
The canton of Saint-Avold is an administrative division of the Moselle department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saint-Avold.

It consists of the following communes:

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Amsterdam
De Papegaai is the lesser of the two parochial churches in the St Nicholas Roman Catholic parish in Amsterdam.  The church is dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul. It is nicknamed "De Papegaai" (The Parrot) because it was originally hidden in a garden behind a regular housefront that belonged to a bird-trader in the days when Catholicism could not be practised publicly. Today there is a narrow, Neo-Gothic facade flanked by statues of Saint Joseph and a perched parrot. The church is on the busy Kalverstraat just south of Dam Square, and invites people in for quiet, as well as celebrating Sunday Mass (Post-Vatican II Mass) in Latin with Gregorian chant.

Dam Square
Dam Square or the Dam (Dutch pronunciation: [dɑm]) is a town square in Amsterdam, the capital and most populated city of the Netherlands. Its notable buildings and frequent events make it one of the best-known and most important locations in the city and the country.
Gue, Himachal Pradesh
Gue or Gyu is a village in the Lahul and Spiti district of the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. It is claimed by China as part of Tsamda County in Ngari Prefecture in Tibet. The village is about 40 km from the Tabo Monastery, at latitude 31.11 and longitude 77.16. The village is 10,000 feet above sea level and 500 km away from the state capital, between the towns of Sumdo and Tabo.

Nako, Himachal Pradesh
Nako in Spiti river valley is a village in the Himalayas of northern India, located near the close to the India-Tibet border in the Trans-Himalayan region of Kinnaur district in Himachal Pradesh. Nako Lake is a prominent feature here where it borders the village. Nako Monastery, dated to 1025 CE, is located in the village as well as several other Buddhist chortens. Nako Monastery in the upper part of the village and the Nako Lake are  important landmarks in the village.
Kosawka
Kosawka (Belarusian: Косаўка, romanized: Kosaŭka; Russian: Косовка, romanized: Kosovka) is an agrotown in Byerazino District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It is part of Kaplantsy selsoviet. It is located south of Byerazino.

Minsk region
Minsk region, also known as Minsk oblast or Minsk voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, although it is a separate administrative territorial entity of Belarus. The region's population was recorded at 1,411,500 in 2011.
Hidden mother photography
Hidden mother photography is a genre of photography common in the Victorian era in which young children were photographed with their mother present but hidden in the photograph. It arose from the need to keep children still while the photograph was taken due to the long exposure times of early cameras.

History of the camera
The history of the camera began even before the introduction of photography. Cameras evolved from the camera obscura through many generations of photographic technology – daguerreotypes, calotypes, dry plates, film – to the modern day with digital cameras and camera phones.