hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madhu church shelling
Madhu church shelling or Madhu church massacre is the name for the shelling of the Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu in Sri Lanka during the Sri Lankan civil war on November 20, 1999. The shelling resulted in the deaths of approximately 40 minority Sri Lankan Tamil civilians, including children, and more than 60 non-fatal injuries. The exact cause and nature of the event is disputed between the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the Sri Lankan government. According to Bishop Rayappu Joseph, the attack was carried out by the LTTE. The church is a Roman Catholic Marian shrine in Mannar district of Sri Lanka. With a history of over 400 years, this shrine acts as a center for pilgrimage and worship for Sri Lankan Catholics and others. The site is considered as the holiest Catholic shrine in the island.

Mannar District
Mannar District  (Tamil: மன்னார் மாவட்டம் Maṉṉār Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: මන්නාරම දිස්ත්‍රික්කය) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is Mannar, which is located on Mannar Island.
Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge
Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge is a town in Austria. It is located in the district of Bruck an der Leitha in the state of Lower Austria. Mannersdorf is seated at the base of a range of wooded hills called the Leitha Mountains (Leithagebirge), from which it receives its full name. It overlooks an agricultural plain, through which flows the Leitha River, about two miles away.

Leitha Mountains
The Leitha Mountains or, less frequently, Leitha Hills (German: Leithagebirge; Hungarian: Lajta-hegység), are a range of hills in Austria lying on the boundary between Lower Austria and Burgenland.

The range is an offshoot of the Alps and forms a connection to the Carpathians to the north.  It is a ridge about 35 km long and 5–7 km wide along the southeastern edge of the Vienna Basin from Brucker Pforte in the northeast to Wiener Neustädter Pforte (Ödenburger Pforte) in the southwest.  The range lies to the southeast of the Leitha River and is considered part of the Randgebirge östlich der Mur division of the Eastern Alps.  Its highest peak, Sonnenberg (Hungarian: Nap-hegy), is 484 m above sea level.

The ridge is heavily forested with deciduous trees such as oak, hornbeam, and beech predominating.
Mirpur District
Mirpur District (Urdu: ضلع میرپور) is 
a district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan's territory of Azad Kashmir. The Mirpur District is bounded on the north by the Kotli District, on the east by the Bhimber District, on the south by the Gujrat District of Punjab, Pakistan, on the south-west by the Jhelum District of Punjab, Pakistan, and on the west by Rawalpindi District. The district is named after its main city, Mirpur. The Mirpur District has a population of 456,200 and covers an area of 1,010 km2 (390 sq mi). The district is mainly mountainous with some plains. The Mirpur  District has a humid subtropical climate which closely resembles that of the Gujrat District and the Jhelum District, the adjoining districts of Pakistan's Punjab Province.

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
2013 F1600 Championship Series
The 2013 F1600 Championship Series season was the third season of the F1600 Championship Series.

Eighteen-year-old Jake Eidson from Littleton, Colorado won the championship driving for Cape Motorsports w/ Wayne Taylor Racing. Eidson won seven of the twelve races and captured a race win in all but one of the series' weekend double-headers. Bryan Herta Autosport's Adrian Starrantino captured three wins on his way to runner-up honors in the championship.

Notably, IndyCar Series rookie Tristan Vautier joined the series for its race weekend at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course to gain experience at the track that he had not raced at before and where he would race in IndyCar a few weeks later. Vautier won the pole for race two, but finished just sixth and 13th in the pair of races.

F1600 Championship Series
The F1600 Championship Series was created by the SCCA in 2011. The series is organized by Formula Race Promotions, the same organization which organizes the F2000 Championship Series, and sanctioned by SCCA Pro Racing. It is a series whose champion is eligible for the Road to Indy Shootout provided the driver is of an eligible age, and has the never skills to operate such machine.
Mark O'Brien (actor)
Mark O'Brien (born May 7, 1984) is a Canadian actor and director best known for his roles as Des Courtney in Republic of Doyle (2010–2014) and Tom Rendon in Halt and Catch Fire (2015–2016). He won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Actor at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards for his performance as Terry Sawchuk in the biographical drama film Goalie (2019).

At the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022, he received two nominations for his film The Righteous, for both Best Supporting Actor and Best Original Screenplay. The film, which he wrote and directed himself, also won Best Screenplay at the Fantasia International Film Festival in Montreal and Manchester's Grimmfest, as well as Best Cinematography at Grimmfest and the Blood in the Snow Canadian Film Festival.

8th Canadian Screen Awards
The 8th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 25–28 May 2020 to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2019. The presentations were held as a series of virtual events due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nominations were announced on 18 February, with François Girard's The Song of Names leading in film nominations with 9, and Dan and Eugene Levy's sitcom Schitt's Creek leading in television with 26 nominations. Sophie Deraspe's Antigone would be the most-awarded film and win Best Motion Picture, while Cardinal would be the most-awarded television series.
Mae Chedi Mai
Mae Chedi Mai (Thai: แม่เจดีย์ใหม่) is a village and tambon (subdistrict) of Wiang Pa Pao District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 9,744 people. The tambon contains 14 villages.

Chiang Rai province
Chiang Rai (Thai: เชียงราย, pronounced [tɕʰīaŋ rāːj]; Northern Thai: ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ, pronounced [tɕīaŋ hāːj])  is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces that lies in upper northern Thailand and is Thailand's northernmost province. It is bordered by the Shan State of Myanmar to the north, Bokeo province of Laos to the east, Phayao to the south, Lampang to the southwest, and Chiang Mai to the west. The province is linked to Houayxay, Laos by the Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge that spans the Mekong.
Laura Linnea Jensen
Laura Linnea Jensen (born November 16, 1948, in Tacoma, Washington) is an American poet.

She graduated from the University of Washington in Seattle, where she studied with David Wagoner, Mark Strand, and Galway Kinnell, and from the Iowa Writers' Workshop with an MFA in 1974, where she studied with Norman Dubie, Donald Justice, and Marvin Bell.  She became friends with Tess Gallagher.

Her work appeared in Ploughshares.
She read at Burning Word 2005.
She lives near Wright Park, Tacoma, Washington.

Iowa Writers' Workshop
The Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, is a graduate-level creative writing program. At 90 years, it is the oldest writing program offering a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in the United States. Its acceptance rate is between 2.7% and 3.7%. On the university's behalf, the workshop administers the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism and the Iowa Short Fiction Award.

The workshop's director is the writer Lan Samantha Chang, under whom its endowment has grown from $2.6 million to $12.5 million.
Transformation (music)
In music, a transformation consists of any operation or process that may apply to a musical variable (usually a set or tone row in twelve tone music, or a melody or chord progression in tonal music), or rhythm in composition, performance, or analysis. Transformations include multiplication, rotation, permutation (i.e. transposition, inversion, and retrograde), prolation (augmentation, diminution) and combinations thereof.

Transformations may also be applied to simpler or more complex variables such as interval and spectrum or timbre.

Prolation canon
In music, a prolation canon (also called a mensuration canon or proportional canon) is a type of canon, a musical composition wherein the main melody is accompanied by one or more imitations of that melody in other voices.  Not only do the voices sing or play the same melody, they do so at different speeds (or prolations, a mensuration term that dates to the medieval and Renaissance eras). Accompanying voices may enter either simultaneously or successively.

If voices extend the rhythmic values of the leader (for example, by doubling all note values), a procedure known as augmentation, the resulting canon can be called an augmentation canon or canon by augmentation (canon per augmentationem) or sloth canon (recalling the slow movement of the sloth). Conversely, if they reduce the note values in diminution, it can be called a diminution canon or canon by diminution (canon per diminutionem).
International Amateur Radio Club
The International Amateur Radio Club (IARC) maintains and operates the amateur radio station 4U1ITU at the International Telecommunication Union building in Geneva, Switzerland. Intended to serve as a model of amateur radio operation, the station was created under the auspices of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Secretary-General of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

In many radio contests, amateur radio operators are allowed to consider the International Telecommunication Union station 4U1ITU a special entity and because of its significance to world telecommunications it is given similar status to a separate country when making a radio contact. IARC is one of two UN stations considered for such status, the other being 4U1UN at the Headquarters of the United Nations.

Amateur radio station
An amateur radio station is a radio station designed to provide radiocommunications in the amateur radio service for an amateur radio operator. Radio amateurs build and operate several types of amateur radio stations, including fixed ground stations, mobile stations, space stations, and temporary field stations. A slang term often used for an amateur station's location is the shack, named after the small enclosures added to the upperworks of naval ships to hold early radio equipment and batteries.

See also

Main articles: Radio station and Radiocommunication service
San Lucas Tolimán
San Lucas Tolimán is a municipality in the Sololá department of Guatemala. The town of 17,000 people sits on the southeastern shore of Lago de Atitlán. The population is 90–95% Highland Maya. There is a population of about the same size living in the surrounding villages.

At 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) altitude the town offers "eternal spring" with annual temperatures ranging from 50 to 80 degrees F. The dry season runs from November through June/July (called "summer" locally) and the rainy season runs the other six months ("winter"). The area is free of malaria due to its elevation. The area's elevation ranges from 1,562 metres (5,125 ft) along the lake to 3,144 metres (10,315 ft) at the summit of Volcán Tolimán. Volcán Tolimán is just west of town.

Tolimán (volcano)
Tolimán, also known as Volcán Tolimán, is a stratovolcano in Guatemala, on the southern shores of Lake Atitlán. Part of the Sierra Madre mountain range, the volcano has an elevation of 3,158 m (10,361 ft) and was formed near the southern margin of the Pleistocene Atitlán III caldera. The top of the volcano has a shallow crater and its flanks are covered with the thick remains of ancient lava flows that emerged from vents in the volcano's flanks.
Fan Yanguang
Fan Yanguang (范延光) (died September 30, 940), courtesy name Zihuan (子環) (per the History of the Five Dynasties) or Zigui (子瓌) (per the New History of the Five Dynasties), formally the Prince of Dongping (東平王), was a general from the state of Later Tang and Later Jin during the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.  He was a close associate of the Later Tang's second emperor Li Siyuan, serving three terms as Li Siyuan's chief of staff (Shumishi), and subsequently continued to serve as a general.  After the Later Tang's final emperor Li Congke (Li Siyuan's adoptive son) was overthrown by Li Siyuan's son-in-law Shi Jingtang, who founded Later Jin, Fan initially formally submitted, but later rebelled against Shi.  His rebellion, however, was not successful, and after Shi promised to spare him, he surrendered.  He was, nevertheless, later killed by Shi's general Yang Guangyuan, probably with Shi's implicit, if not explicit, approval.

Taiyuan
Taiyuan (Taiyuan Jin: [tʰai˦˥ ye˩˩]) is the capital of Shanxi, China. Taiyuan is the political, economic, cultural and international exchange center of Shanxi Province, containing an industrial base focusing on energy and heavy chemicals. Throughout its long history, Taiyuan was the capital or provisional capital of many dynasties in China, hence the name Lóngchéng (龙城; The City of Dragon).

As of 2021, the city governs 6 districts, 3 counties, and hosts a county-level city with a total area of 6,988 square kilometers and a permanent population of 5,390,957.

Taiyuan is located roughly in the centre of Shanxi, with the Fen River flowing through the central city.
UFC on ESPN: Overeem vs. Harris
UFC on ESPN: Overeem vs. Harris (also known as UFC on ESPN 8) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on May 16, 2020 at VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. It was originally planned to take place as a Fight Night on ESPN+ at Pechanga Arena in San Diego, California. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, UFC president Dana White announced on April 9 that starting with UFC 249, all future events were indefinitely postponed (see section below). On April 24, the event was confirmed for Jacksonville on its original date.

Dana White
Dana Frederick White Jr. (born July 28, 1969) is an American businessman who is the CEO and president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a global mixed martial arts organization. In 2025, White's net worth was estimated at over $600 million by Forbes. Outside the UFC, he is the owner of Power Slap, a slap fighting promotion he founded in 2022. Meta Platforms elected White to its board of directors in 2025.
Yukarışeyhler, Çüngüş
Yukarışeyhler is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Çüngüş, Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its population is 809 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). In 2010 it passed from the Çermik District to the Çüngüş District.

Belde
Belde (literally "town", also known as kasaba) means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish.

All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the villages are usually too small to have municipalities. The population in some villages may exceed 2000 and in such villages a small municipality may be established depending on residents' choice. Such villages are called belde. Up to 2014 the number of belde municipalities was about 1400.

On 30 March 2014 by the act no. 6360 all villages (those with and without municipality) were included in the urban fabric of the district municipalities in 30 provinces. Thus belde municipalities in 30 provinces were abolished. The number of abolished belde municipalities is 1040.

Presently, in 51 provinces, which are not in the scope of the act no 6360, there are still 394 belde municipalities.
Television Talent
Television Talent is a 1937 British comedy film directed by Robert Edmunds and starring Richard Goolden, Hal Walters and Polly Ward. The film was a quota quickie. The plot concerns a music teacher who takes part in a talent contest.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Sepúlveda family of California
The Sepúlveda family is a prominent Californio family of Southern California. Members of the family held extensive rancho grants and numerous important positions, including Alcalde de Los Ángeles (Mayor of Los Angeles), California State Assemblymen, and Los Angeles County Supervisor.

Diego Sepúlveda Adobe
The Diego Sepúlveda Adobe, sometimes called the Costa Mesa Estancia or the Santa Ana Estancia, is an adobe structure in Costa Mesa, Orange County, California. It is the second-oldest building still standing in the county.
Ben Waide
F. L. "Ben" Waide (born May 17, 1963) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from January 2011 to January 2015, representing District 10. In the 2014 redistricting of the house, the 10th district was redrawn such that Waide lived in the 9th district alongside incumbent Myron Dossett. He did not run for reelection, instead running unsuccessfully for Judge/Executive of Hopkins County.

County judge/executive
A county judge/executive (or simply judge/executive, and often written judge-executive) is an elected official in the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky who is the head of the executive branch of a government in a county. The judge/executive is a member and presiding officer of the Fiscal Court, the county's legislative body. The position is established by section 140 of the Kentucky Constitution. In other states, similar positions are often titled county executive or county mayor.
The Secret Vanguard
The Secret Vanguard is a 1940 thriller novel by the British writer Michael Innes. It is the fifth in his series featuring John Appleby, a young Detective Inspector in the Metropolitan Police. The novel takes place in the early stages of the Second World War, and functions closer to a mystery spy novel than the traditional detective novel.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Jorge Washington Ábalos
Jorge Washington Ábalos (September 20, 1915 – September 28, 1979) was an Argentine teacher, entomologist, arachnologist and writer, best known for his novel Shunko. He was also the first scorpion researcher in Argentina.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Crăciunescu
Crăciunescu is a surname of Romanian origin. People with that name include:

Florența Crăciunescu (1955–2008), Romanian athlete (discus and shot put) who competed in the 1980 and 1984 Summer Olympics

Ion Crăciunescu (born 1950), Romanian former football referee

Ioana Crăciunescu (born 1950), Romanian actress and poet

Ion Crăciunescu
Ion Crăciunescu (born 27 September 1950) is a Romanian former football referee and player. Born in Craiova, he comes from the town of Râmnicu Vâlcea. Crăciunescu was a footballer at Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea and Universitatea Craiova until he retired in 1975, choosing to start a new career as a referee. He became an international referee in 1984. Although he never refereed at a World Cup or European Championship finals, he was selected as one of five referees for the 1995 King Fahd Cup (later known as the FIFA Confederations Cup). He is best known for officiating the 1995 UEFA Champions League Final between Ajax and Milan. He retired as a professional later that year. From 2003 to 2005, he was the president of the Romanian Referees Committee. His son, Theodor Crăciunescu was also a football referee.
Alexander Pomerantsev
Alexander Nikanorovich Pomerantsev (Russian: Александр Никанорович Померанцев; 11 November 1849 — 27 October 1918) was a Russian architect and educator responsible for some of the most ambitious architectural projects realized in Imperial Russia and Bulgaria at the turn of the 20th century. An accomplished eclecticist, Pomerantsev practiced Art Nouveau, Byzantine, Russian Revival styles and collaborated with leading structural engineers of his period in creating new types of commercial buildings.

Eclecticism
Eclecticism is a conceptual approach that does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject, or applies different theories in particular cases. However, this is often without conventions or rules dictating how or which theories were combined.

Eclecticism in ethics, philosophy, politics, and religion is often compared to syncretism, but the two concepts differ in their approach to combining elements from different traditions. While syncretism in religion involves the merging or assimilation of several distinct traditions into a new, unified system, eclecticism adopts elements from various systems without necessarily integrating them into a single cohesive framework. This distinction allows for a broader, more inclusive approach in eclecticism, where the selection is based on individual merit or preference rather than an attempt to create a new unified tradition.