hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Jackson State Tigers football team
The 2011 Jackson State Tigers football team represented Jackson State University as a member of the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Rick Comegy, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 9–2 with a mark of 7–2 in conference play, sharing SWAC East Division title with Alabama A&M and Alabama State. Alabama A&M advanced to SWAC Football Championship Game by virtue of a head-to-head win over the Alabama State, while Southern was ineligible for postseason play due to low Academic Progress Rate (APR) scores. The Tigers played their home games at Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium in Jackson, Mississippi

2011 Alabama A&M Bulldogs football team
The 2011 Alabama A&M Bulldogs football team represented Alabama A&M University as a member of the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by tenth-year head coach Anthony Jones, the Bulldogs compiled an overall record of 8–4 with a mark of 7–2 in conference play, sharing SWAC East Division title with Alabama State and Southern. Alabama A&M advanced to SWAC Football Championship Game by virtue of a head-to-head win over the Alabama State, while Southern was ineligible for postseason play due to low Academic Progress Rate (APR) scores. The Bulldogs lost the SWAC title game to Grambling State, 16–15. Alabama A&M played their home games at Louis Crews Stadium in Huntsville, Alabama.
Alice S. Fisher
Alice Stevens Fisher (born January 27, 1967) is an American lawyer and partner at the Washington, D.C. office of Latham & Watkins LLP. Fisher served as Deputy United States Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division from 2001 to 2003 and as an Assistant Attorney General in the Department of Justice Criminal Division for three years, from 2005 to May 23, 2008.

In 2010 Fisher was recognized as one of "Washington's Most Influential Women Lawyers" by the National Law Journal and was rated among the top 45 women lawyers under 45 in 2011 by The American Lawyer in 2011.

On May 13, 2017, Fisher was interviewed for the post of FBI Director following the dismissal of James Comey by President Donald Trump. Fisher withdrew her name from consideration the week of May 15, 2017.

Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
The director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is the head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), a United States federal law enforcement agency, and is responsible for its day-to-day operations. The FBI director is appointed for a single 10-year term by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. The FBI is an agency within the Department of Justice (DOJ), and thus the director reports to the attorney general of the United States.

The director briefed the president on any issues that arose from within the FBI until the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 was enacted following the September 11 attacks. Since then, the director reports in an additional capacity to the director of national intelligence, as the FBI is also part of the United States Intelligence Community.

The incumbent FBI director is Kash Patel, who was sworn in on February 21, 2025.
Bull Cross, The Frith and Juniper Hill
Bull Cross, The Frith and Juniper Hill (grid reference SO872083) is a 42.33-hectare (104.6-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, notified in 1954. The site is listed in the ‘Stroud District’ Local Plan, adopted November 2005, Appendix 6 (online for download) as an SSSI and Regionally Important Geological Site (RIGS).

The site lies within the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and is part registered as common
land and part owned and managed as a nature reserve by the Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust.

The site has 4 units of assessment, the largest of which is The Frith, called Frith Wood (Morley Penistan Memorial) by the Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust.  Morley Penistan was a former chairman of the trust and forester who was much involved with the management and conservation of the wood.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory
The Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory (MIRO) is an astronomical observatory located near Mount Abu in the state of Rajasthan, India. The observatory is at an altitude of 1680 metres and is adjacent to Guru Shikhar, the highest peak of the Aravalli Range. The observatory hosts a 1.2-metre infrared telescope. It is the first major facility in India specifically designed for ground-based, infrared observations of celestial objects. Further, the low amount of precipitable water vapour (1–2 mm during winter) at Guru Shikhar makes it a good site for infrared observations. The site has been found to be good (about 150 cloud free nights per year) for astronomical observations.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Tognazza
Tognazza is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Monteriggioni, province of Siena. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 323.

Tognazza is about 10 km from Siena and 9 km from Monteriggioni.

Monteriggioni
Monteriggioni is a comune in the province of Siena in the Italian region of Tuscany. It borders on the communes of Casole d'Elsa, Castellina in Chianti, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Colle di Val d'Elsa, Poggibonsi, Siena, and Sovicille.  The town is architecturally and culturally significant; it hosts several piazzas, and is referenced in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy.
Pensions in Vietnam
Pensions in Vietnam are provided through a state pension scheme called social insurance, and private life insurance-type schemes. The pension system of Vietnam was ranked 57th out of 70 economies according to a 2020 Allianz report. As of 2020, 11.4% of Vietnamese have reached retirement age, but this number is expected to triple by 2050.

Allianz
Allianz SE (/ˈæliənts/ AL-ee-ənts, German: [aˈli̯ants] ⓘ) is a German multinational financial services company headquartered in Munich, Germany. Its core businesses are insurance and asset management.

Allianz is the world's largest insurance company and the largest financial services company in Europe. In 2023, the company was ranked 37th in the Forbes Global 2000. Also it is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.

Its asset management division, which consists of PIMCO and Allianz Global Investors, has €2,432 billion of assets under management (AUM), of which €1,775 billion are third-party assets (Q1 2021).

Allianz sold Dresdner Bank to Commerzbank in November 2008. Allianz was a major supporter of the Nazi movement and was an insurer of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Juho Vennola
Juho Heikki Vennola (originally Karhu, 19 June 1872 – 3 December 1938) was Professor of National Economics at the University of Helsinki, a member of the Parliament of Finland, and a politician from the National Progressive Party, who served as Prime Minister of Finland twice.

Vennola's first government was from 15 August 1919 to 15 March 1920 and his second one was from 9 April 1921 to 2 June 1922. He was also acting Prime Minister in the second government of Pehr Evind Svinhufvud from 18 February to 21 March 1931. He also served as Deputy Minister of Finance (1918–1919), Minister of Trade and Industry (1919), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1922–1924) and Minister of Finance (1930–1931).

Vennola, who was born in Oulu, served as a member of the parliament from 1919 to 1930 and was a member of the Tartu Board of Peace in 1920. He died in Helsinki, aged 66.

Minister of Trade and Industry (Finland)
The minister of trade and industry (Finnish: kauppa- ja teollisuusministeri) was one of the ministerial portfolios in the Finnish Government from 1918 to 2008.

In 2008, the position was replaced by Minister of Economic Affairs.
Léon Guérin
Léon Guérin (French pronunciation: [leɔ̃ ɡeʁɛ̃]; 1807–1885) was a French writer, poet, and naval historian.

Guérin started writing tales and short stories under his given name, as well as the pen names Guérin-Dulion and Léonide de Mirbel. In 1829, he published Chants Lyriques et Autres Essais Poétiques. He then founded two children's newspapers|newspapers, the Journal des Enfants, and later the Gazette des Enfants et des Jeunes Personnes.

Later in life, Guérin specialised as a historian, and became one of the historiographs of the French Navy in 1846.

Naval warfare
Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving a major body of water such as a large lake or wide river.

The armed forces branch designated for naval warfare is a navy. Naval operations can be broadly divided into riverine/littoral applications (brown-water navy), open-ocean applications (blue-water navy), between riverine/littoral and open-ocean applications (green-water navy), although these distinctions are more about strategic scope than tactical or operational division. The strategic offensive purpose of naval warfare is projection of force by water, and its strategic defensive purpose is to challenge the similar projection of force by enemies.
Nicolaj Thomsen
Nicolaj Thomsen (born 8 May 1993) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Thomsen was born in Skagen and played youth football with Skagen IK and Frederikshavn fI before starting his professional career with AaB. After moving to French Ligue 1 club FC Nantes in 2016, he had a four-year stint with FC Copenhagen. Thomsen moved to Norwegian club Vålerenga in 2021, before returning to Denmark again, signing with SønderjyskE in January 2022. In September 2022, he joined Danish third tier club B.93, helping them to promotion in his first season.

A Danish youth international, Thomsen has won one cap with the Denmark national team.

2022–23 Danish 2nd Division
The 2022–23 Danish 2nd Division was the 32nd season of the Danish 2nd Division since its establishment in 1991. The season started on 6 August 2022 with a group of twelve teams. After 22 rounds the group was split in a promotion group and a relegation group. The top two teams of the promotion group were promoted to the 2023–24 Danish 1st Division.
Wave Energy Scotland
Wave Energy Scotland (WES) is a technology development body set up in 2015 by the Scottish Government to facilitate the development of wave energy in Scotland. WES is a subsidiary of Highlands and Islands Enterprise (HIE), based in Inverness.

WES has managed numerous projects resulting from pre-commercial procurement funding calls in six main topic areas: power take-off, novel wave energy converters, structural materials and manufacturing processes, control systems, quick connection systems, and next generation wave energy. Each of these uses a stage-gate process, with fewer successful projects passing to later stages. WES has also commissioned eight landscaping studies in two phases.

In 2020, together with the Basque Energy Agency (Ente Vasco de la Energía or EVE), WES set up the EuropeWave programme to develop and test the most promising wave energy technologies, of which three concepts will be tested at sea. This is supported by European Horizon 2020 funding.

Phase-gate process
A phase-gate process (also referred to as a waterfall process) is a project management technique in which an initiative or project (e.g., new product development, software development, process improvement, business change) is divided into distinct stages or phases, separated by decision points (known as gates).

At each gate, continuation is decided by (typically) a manager, steering committee, or governance board. The decision is made based on forecasts and information available at the time, including the business case, risk analysis, and availability of necessary resources (e.g., money, people with correct competencies).
Agardhaksla
Agardhaksla is a peak in Sabine Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is a part of the mountain Agardhfjellet at the western side of Storfjorden, east of Myklegardfjellet. The peak is named after botanist Jacob Georg Agardh.

Storfjorden (Svalbard)
Storfjorden (English: Great Fjord) is the body of water in the Svalbard archipelago in northern Norway separating Spitsbergen in the west from Barentsøya and Edgeøya to the east. Its southern limits are Kikutodden in Sørkapp Land east to Håøya, Tiholmane, Brækmoholmane, and Menkeøyane in Thousand Islands and northeast to Svarthuken—the southeastern promontory of Edgeøya. Its limits on its eastern side are Sundneset on the northern side of Freemansundet south to Palibinramten on the northwest coast of Edgeøya. The northern part is called Ginevra Bay, which lies between Olav V Land and Barentsøya. It ends at Heleysundet.

Storfjorden was historically known as Wybe Jans Water, named after the Frisian whaler Wybe Jansz van Stavoren. The fjord was first labelled as such in 1620.
Undercut (etching)
An isotropic etchant that creates an undercut

An anisotropic etchant leaves no undercut

Undercuts from etching (microfabrication) are generally an unwanted side effect, however are sometimes used as a feature such as in the Niemeyer–Dolan technique. Undercuts from etching can occur from two common causes. The first is over etching, which means the etchant was applied too long. The second is due to an isotropic etchant, which means the etchant etches in all directions equally. To overcome this problem an anisotropic etchant is used.

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Caryodendron orinocense
Caryodendron orinocense, commonly known as cacay, inchi or orinoconut, is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae.

This species of flowering plant is indigenous to the north-west of South America, particularly from the drainage basins of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers located in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Originally described by Hermann Karsten in 1858, the cacay tree distinguishes itself by its dense and leafy top, as well as its production of fruits, each one containing three edible nuts. Cacay is notable for the oil extracted from its nuts, which is edible and is also used in cosmetics.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Vuk Karadžić Cultural Center
Vuk Karadžić Cultural Center (Serbian Cyrillic: Центар за културу „Вук Караџић”, romanized: Centar za kulturu „Vuk Karadžić”) is located in Loznica. It was founded on 23 October 1998 by the City of Loznica. The center is responsible for the birth house of Vuk Karadžić in Tršić, Jadar Museum, the gallery of Mića Popović and Vera Božičković Popović, Vuk's House of Culture and other historic and cultural places located on the territory of the City of Loznica. Together with the city of Loznica and Serbian Ministry of Culture and Information, the center is the organizer of Vukov sabor, the oldest cultural event in Serbia.

Tršić
Tršić (Serbian Cyrillic: Тршић, pronounced [tr̩̂ʃitɕ]) is a village in the municipality of Loznica, located in the Mačva region of Serbia. It is the birthplace of Serbian linguist and language reformer, Vuk Stefanović Karadžić. Most houses in the area are built out of wood.

The village was destroyed by Ottoman forces during the Serbian Revolution, but was repaired and transformed into a museum to Karadžić.

Tršić's closest settlement to it is Vukanovac.
Emilsen Manyoma
Emilsen Manyoma (1984 or 1985 - 2017) was a human rights activist from Colombia. Manyoma was of Afro-Colombian descent. She worked for the "Communities Building Peace in Territories" or CONPAZ network in the Bajo Calima region of the country in Valle del Cauca. Manyoma had been an outspoken critic of right-wing paramilitaries and mining and agricultural corporations. Manyoma's work involved the rights of people displaced by drug trafficking. She had also been working for the Colombian Truth Commission, documenting murder and disappearances. She was assassinated in January 2017, along with Joe Javier Rodallega, her partner. Emilsen also worked with Humanitarian Space Puente Nayero which began in April 2014 trying to create a space free from armed groups.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
340 Eduarda
340 Eduarda is a main belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on 25 September 1892 in Heidelberg. It was named after German banker and amateur astronomer Heinrich Eduard von Lade.

Photometric observations of this asteroid at the Oakley Observatory in Terre Haute, Indiana, during 2006 gave a light curve with a period of 8.04 ± 0.02 hours and a brightness variation of 0.25 ± 0.03 in magnitude.

Terre Haute, Indiana
Terre Haute (/ˈtɛrə ˈhoʊt/ TERR-ə HOHT) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana, United States, and its county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 58,389 and its metropolitan area had a population of 168,716.

Located along the Wabash River about 5 miles (8 km) east of the state border with Illinois, Terre Haute is one of the largest cities in the Wabash Valley; it is known as the Queen City of the Wabash. The city is home to multiple higher-education institutions, including Indiana State University, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, and Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana. It also contains the United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute, which houses the US federal death row.
Leo F. O'Brien
Leo F. O'Brien (June 26, 1924 – March 21, 1968) was an American lawyer and politician.

O'Brien was born in Galesburg, Illinois. He went to Corpus Christi High School and to Knox College. O'Brien also went to Nancy-Université and University of Connecticut. O'Brien served in the United States Army during World War II and was commissioned a sergeant. In 1950, O'Brien received his law degree from University of Illinois College of Law. He served as an Illinois Assistant Attorney General for eight years. O'Brien served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1965 until his death in 1968 and was a Democrat. O'Brien died in an automobile accident while driving in Galesburg, Illinois on U.S. Route 150.

Nancy-Université
Nancy-Université was a French federal university which federated the three principal institutes of higher education in Nancy, Lorraine before their merger into the University of Lorraine:

Henri Poincaré University (UHP, also known as Nancy 1): natural sciences, wrapping several faculties and engineering schools;
École Supérieure des Sciences et Technologies de l'Ingénieur de Nancy: general engineering
Telecom Nancy: Computer science and engineering

Nancy 2 University: social sciences

Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine (Lorraine INP): It federates 11 engineering schools.

With over 50,000 students, Nancy had the fifth largest student population in France.
Frisian flag
'Frisian flag' can refer to:

Any flag associated with the  greater region of Frisia; see Frisia#Flag or Flags of Frisia
Specifically, the modern flag of the Dutch province of Friesland (Fryslân)

A Dutch (Friesche Vlag) and Indonesian (Frisian Flag) dairy brand of FrieslandCampina, using the Frisian flag as symbol

Exercise Frisian Flag, a NATO exercise (that is similar to Red Flag and Maple Flag) flown since 1999 from Leeuwarden Airbase in Fryslân, the Netherlands.

Maple Flag
Exercise Maple Flag is an annual air combat exercise carried out from CFB Cold Lake over the co-located Cold Lake Air Weapons Range (CLAWR). It is among the largest such exercises in the world, lasting four weeks, split into two two-week "phases". The first Maple Flag was carried out in 1978, initially twice a year, but moved to an annual format in 1987.

Maple Flag provides realistic training for pilots from the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), as well as select allied air forces from around the world.  The number of personnel at CFB Cold Lake effectively doubles while the exercise is being conducted, with approximately 5,000 pilots and support crews participating.
Ningbo Professional F.C.
Ningbo Professional Football Club (Chinese: 宁波职业足球俱乐部; pinyin: Níngbō Zhíyè Zúqiú Jùlèbù) is a Chinese professional football club based in Ningbo, Zhejiang, that competes in China League One, the second tier of Chinese football. Ningbo plays its home matches at the Ningbo Cixi Stadium, located within Cixi. Founded in 2009 in the city of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiading Huilong moved to Ningbo in December 2025.

Cixi, Zhejiang
Cixi, formerly romanized as Tzeki, is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, in northeastern Zhejiang province, China. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,829,488. Its urban agglomeration built-up (or metro) area, largely contiguous with Cixi plus the county-level city of Yuyao, had 3,083,520 inhabitants.