hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nazca plate
The Nazca plate or Nasca plate, named after the Nazca region of southern Peru, is an oceanic tectonic plate in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin off the west coast of South America. The ongoing subduction, along the Peru–Chile Trench, of the Nazca plate under the South American plate is largely responsible for the Andean orogeny. The Nazca plate is bounded on the west by the Pacific plate and to the south by the Antarctic plate through the East Pacific Rise and the Chile Rise, respectively. The movement of the Nazca plate over several hotspots has created some volcanic islands as well as east–west running seamount chains that subduct under South America. Nazca is a relatively young plate in terms of the age of its rocks and its existence as an independent plate, having been formed from the breakup of the Farallon plate about 23 million years ago. The oldest rocks of the plate are about 50 million years old.

Nazca
Nazca (/ˈnɑːskɑː, -kə/; sometimes spelled Nasca; possibly from Quechua: nanasqa, lit. 'hurt') is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. The city of Nazca is the largest in the Nazca Province. The name is derived from the Nazca culture, which flourished in the area between 100 BC and AD 800. This culture was responsible for the Nazca Lines and the ceremonial city of Cahuachi. They also constructed additional underground aqueducts, named puquios, in a regional system that still functions today. The first puquios are believed to have been built by the preceding Paracas culture.

Nazca is the capital of the Nazca Province located in the Ica District of the Ica Region of Peru.
Jim Middleton (footballer)
James Middleton is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Middleton played two official A-international matches for the New Zealand in 1960, both against Pacific minnows Tahiti, the first a 5–1 win on 5 September, the second a 2–1 win on 12 September 1960.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Matthew Hamont
Matthew Hamont (died 20 May 1579) was a Norfolk ploughwright, accused of heresy, who was burnt at the stake in Norwich Castle by the Church of England.  Hamont, who came from Hethersett, was a Unitarian.

The Bishop of Norwich, Edmund Freke, accused Hamont of denying Christ to be a Saviour.  On 19 May 1579 his ears were cut off and the following day, 20 May 1579, he was burned to death at Norwich Castle.

Death by burning
Death by burning, also called immolation, is an execution, murder, or suicide method involving combustion or exposure to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of public capital punishment, and many societies have employed it as a punishment for and warning against crimes such as treason, heresy, and witchcraft. The best-known execution of this type is burning at the stake, where the condemned is bound to a large wooden stake and a fire lit beneath. A holocaust is a religious animal sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire, also known as a burnt offering. The word derives from the ancient Greek holokaustos, the form of sacrifice in which the victim was reduced to ash, as distinguished from an animal sacrifice that resulted in a communal meal.

There are documented executions by burning as early as the 18th century BC and as recently as 2016.
Shamitabh
Shamitabh is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language satirical drama film written and directed by R. Balki. The film stars Dhanush in the title role along with Amitabh Bachchan and debutante Akshara Haasan. The film is jointly produced by Sunil Lulla, Balki, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, R. K. Damani, Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan under their respective production banners. Ilaiyaraaja composed the soundtrack album and background score, while cinematography was handled by P. C. Sreeram.

Gauri Shinde
Gauri Shinde (born 6 July 1974) is an Indian film director and screenwriter. Shinde made her directorial debut with the highly acclaimed English Vinglish (2012), which marked the comeback of actress Sridevi. Shinde featured in the Financial Times 2012 list of '25 Indians To Watch'. She also featured on Rediff's list of 'Bollywood's 5 Best Directors of 2012'.
Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.

Military Nursing Service
The Indian Military Nursing Services (MNS) is a part of the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) of the Indian Army, originally formed under British rule  in 1888. Officers in the MNS (Corps) are granted Short Service Commission initially and can opt for Permanent Commission based on selection and vacancy later, they are commissioned as officers in the Indian Army. Their ranks, commissioning, and promotions are officially recognized and published in the Government of India’s weekly Gazette Notification. This official document lists the names of officers upon commissioning and promotion within the Military Nursing Services.
Panagiotis Tzanavaras
Panagiotis Tzanavaras (Greek: Παναγιώτης Τζαναβάρας; born 30 October 1964) is a Greek professional football manager and former player.

As a footballer, he played 16 years for Kalamata, Korinthos, Panelefsiniakos, Panafpliakos, and Olympiakos Loutraki.
He holds an UEFA Pro Coaching Licence.

Panelefsiniakos F.C.
Panelefsiniakos F.C. (Greek: Πανελευσινιακός Α.Ο.), the Panelefsiniakos Athletic Club, is a football club based in the city of Elefsina, Greece. The club currently competes in Football League. The team was formed in 1931.
Serer history
The medieval history of the Serer people of Senegambia is partly characterised by resisting Islamization from perhaps the 11th century during the Almoravid movement (which would later result in the Serers of Takrur migration to the south), to the 19th century Marabout movement of Senegambia and continuation of the old Serer paternal dynasties.

Maba Diakhou Bâ
Mamadu Diakhou Bâ (1809 – July 1867) was a Muslim leader in Senegambia (West Africa) during the 19th century. He was a disciple of the Tijaniyya Sufi brotherhood and became the Almami of Saloum.

Maba Diakhou Bâ combined political and religious goals in an attempt to reform or overthrow previous animist monarchies, and resist French encroachment. He is a part of a tradition of Fulani jihad leaders who revolutionized many West African states during the 19th century.

In the 19th century, he became a prominent Muslim cleric and slave trader and pillager of non-Muslim states.
École d'application de l'artillerie et du génie
The École d’application de l’artillerie et du génie was a military training establishment in France under the aegis of the École polytechnique. It was established in Metz in 1802 by Napoleon whilst he was First Consul by merging the ancien regime engineering school in Metz with the artillery school in Châlons sur Marne. After the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 and Germany's annexation of Alsace-Lorraine it moved to Fontainebleau.

Châlons-en-Champagne
Châlons-en-Champagne (French pronunciation: [ʃɑlɔ̃ ɑ̃ ʃɑ̃paɲ]) is a city in the Grand Est region of France. It is the capital of the department of Marne, despite being only a quarter the size of the city of Reims.

Formerly called Châlons-sur-Marne, the city was officially renamed in 1995. It should not be confused with the Burgundian town of Chalon-sur-Saône.
Plocama puberula
Plocama puberula is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas on limestone escarpments from 30 to 650 metres elevation.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Paul Fridolin Kehr
Paul Fridolin Kehr (28 December 1860, Waltershausen – 9 November 1944, Wässerndorf) was a German historian and archivist.

In 1893, he was appointed professor of history and auxiliary sciences at the University of Marburg, and two years later, procured the same title at the University of Göttingen (from 1895).

In 1903, he was named director of the Prussian Historical Institute in Rome, and in 1915 became general director of the Prussian State Archives. During the same year, he became chairman of the central directorate of "Monumenta Germaniae Historica", as well as director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for German History. In 1940, he was awarded the Eagle Shield of the German Reich with the distinction "The outstanding researcher of medieval history". Kehr died in Wässerndorf and was buried in the private cemetery of those of Pölnitz near Hundshaupten Castle.

Kaiser Wilhelm Society
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften) was a German scientific institution established in the German Empire in 1911. Its functions were taken over by the Max Planck Society. The Kaiser Wilhelm Society was an umbrella organisation for many institutes, testing stations, and research units created under its authority.
In the Name of the People
In the Name of the People can refer to:

In the Name of the People (1939 film), a German film

In the Name of the People (1974 film), a German documentary film

In the Name of the People (1985 film), an American documentary film

In the Name of the People (2000 film), an American television film

In the Name of the People (TV series), a 2017 Chinese television series

In the Name of the People (2000 film)
In the Name of the People is an American television movie drama. It was released in 2000 by CBS Productions and Jaffe/Braunstein Films. The movie was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was based on the play by Tim Boland.
Baltimore Clippers (1945–1949)
The Baltimore Clippers were a minor league professional ice hockey team from in Baltimore, Maryland, playing in the Eastern Amateur Hockey League at Carlin's Iceland. The team began play in the 1944–45 season known as the Baltimore Blades, and were renamed the Clippers from 1946 to 1949. The team name paid homage to local history in the Baltimore Clipper, and the Port of Baltimore. The Clippers ceased operations during the 1949–50 season.

Port of Baltimore
The Helen Delich Bentley Port of Baltimore is a shipping port along the tidal basins of the three branches of the Patapsco River in Baltimore, Maryland, on the upper northwest shore of the Chesapeake Bay. It is the nation's largest port facility for specialized cargo (roll-on/roll-off ships) and passenger facilities. It is operated by the Maryland Port Administration (MPA), a unit of the Maryland Department of Transportation.

Founded in 1706, the port was renamed in 2006 for Helen Delich Bentley (1923–2016), who represented Baltimore as a U.S. Representative for a decade and who had also been a maritime reporter and editor for The Baltimore Sun daily newspaper.
Kyustendil
Kyustendil (Bulgarian: Кюстендил [kʲustenˈdiɫ]) is a town in the far west of Bulgaria, the capital of the Kyustendil Province, a former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see.

The town is situated in the southern part of the Kyustendil Valley, near the borders of Serbia and North Macedonia; 90 km southwest of Sofia, 130 km northeast of Skopje and 243 km north of Thessaloniki. The population is 37 799, with a Bulgarian majority and a Roma minority. During the Iron Age, a Thracian settlement was located within the town, later known as Roman in the 1st century AD. In the Middle Ages, the town switched hands between the Byzantine Empire, Bulgaria and Serbia, prior to Ottoman annexation in 1395. After centuries of Ottoman rule, the town became part of an independent Bulgarian state in 1878.

Archdiocese of Lanciano-Ortona
The Archdiocese of Lanciano-Ortona (Latin: Archidioecesis Lancianensis-Ortonensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church that has existed under this name since 1986. Since 1982, it has been a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Chieti-Vasto.

The historical Diocese of Lanciano was created in 1515. It was united with the Diocese of Ortona from 1818 to 1834, and again in 1986. The archbishop of Lanciano was Perpetual Administrator of the diocese of Ortona from 1834 to 1982, and then held the two dioceses aeque personaliter until 1986, when Ortona was permanently suppressed.
Stratopause
The stratopause (formerly mesopeak) is the level of the atmosphere which is the boundary between two layers: the stratosphere and the mesosphere. In the stratosphere, the temperature increases with altitude, and the stratopause is the region where a maximum in the temperature occurs. This atmospheric feature is not exclusive to Earth, but also occurs on any other planet or moon with an atmosphere.
According to James Kasting, planets whose atmospheres do not absorb shortwave sunlight, such as Venus and Mars, do not have a Stratosphere and thus have no Stratopause.

On Earth, the stratopause is about 50 km (31 mi) above sea level. The atmospheric pressure is around 1⁄1000 of the pressure at sea level. The temperature in the stratopause is −2.5 °C (27.5 °F).

Natural satellite
A natural satellite is, in the most common usage, an astronomical body that orbits a planet, dwarf planet, or small Solar System body (or sometimes another natural satellite). Natural satellites are colloquially referred to as moons, a derivation from the Moon of Earth.

In the Solar System, there are six planetary satellite systems, altogether comprising 419 natural satellites with confirmed orbits. Seven objects commonly considered dwarf planets by astronomers are also known to have natural satellites: Orcus, Pluto, Haumea, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, and Eris. As of February 2026, there are 630 other minor planets known to have natural satellites.
Terengganu State Legislative Assembly
The Terengganu State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Terengganu) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Terengganu. It consists of 32 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and are customarily held alongside elections to the federal parliament during a general election.

The State Assembly convenes at the Wisma Darul Iman in the state capital, Kuala Terengganu.

All 32 seats are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election, effectively making it a one-party state. Within the coalition, the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) holds 27 seats while the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) holds 5 seats. The PN coalition  commands a supermajority in the assembly.

Malaysian United Indigenous Party
The Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Malay: Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia; abbrev: BERSATU or PPBM) is a nationalist political party in Malaysia. The party was preceded by the United Indigenous Association of Malaysia (Malay: Persatuan Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) and founded by members of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia. It is a major component of the Perikatan Nasional coalition.

Full membership in the party is limited only for Bumiputeras (indigenous communities of Malaysia). Non-Bumiputeras are permitted to join the party as associate members who are not eligible to vote and contest party elections.
Könni (family)
Könni is a Finnish clockmaker family in Ilmajoki, Ostrobothnia.

The first ancestor is Jaakko Jaakonpoika Ranto (1721–94), who bought the estate Könni in 1757 in the little village of Peltoniemi. His son Juho Jaakonpoika Könni (1754-1815) began making pocket-watches and clocks. He fathered Jaakko Juhonpoika Könni (1774-1830) and Juho Juhonpoika Könni (1782-1855), the clockmaker family's most outstanding performers in variety. Tower-clocks in Ekenäs, Hämeenlinna, Pori, Oulu and in Helsinki Juho Jaakonpoika Könni (1798-1865) developed the production of clocks on an industrial scale.

At the end of 18th century the Könni family could not successfully compete with German and Swiss factories.

South Ostrobothnia
South Ostrobothnia (Finnish: Etelä-Pohjanmaa [ˈetelæˌpohjɑmˌmɑː]; Swedish: Södra Österbotten) is one of the 19 regions of Finland. It borders the regions of Ostrobothnia, Central Ostrobothnia, Central Finland, Pirkanmaa, and Satakunta. Among the Finnish regions, South Ostrobothnia is the ninth largest in terms of population. Seinäjoki is the regional centre and by far the largest city in the area.

As a cultural area, South Ostrobothnia is larger than its current regional borders and includes the region of Ostrobothnia as well.
May Road stop
May Road (Chinese: 梅道; Jyutping: mui4 dou6) is an intermediate station on the Peak Tram funicular railway line. It is located on May Road at Mid-Levels, Central and Western District, Hong Kong, 180 m above sea level and is named after Francis Henry May, the 15th Governor of Hong Kong.

The station comprises a single platform on the western side of the single track. May Road passes over the tramway on a bridge at the downhill end of the station, with a passing loop at the Victoria Peak end allowing uphill and downhill trams to pass each other.

Because the station is located in a high-income residential area, where most residents have their own private cars, patronage of the station is relatively low. The station is a request stop at which tram cars will stop only if passengers have pressed the request button inside the tramcar or at the station. No ticketing equipment is provided on the platform.

A closeup of the May Road Peak Tram station information board

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Vincas
Vincas is a Lithuanian masculine given name.

People named Vincas include:

Vincas Grybas (1890–1941), Lithuanian sculptor

Vincas Kudirka (1858-1899),  Lithuanian poet and physician, author of the Lithuanian National Anthem

Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas (1893–1967), Lithuanian writer

Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius (1882–1954), Lithuanian writer, poet, novelist, playwright and philologist

Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas (1880–1935), Lithuanian communist activist

Vincas Ramutis Gudaitis (born 1941), Lithuanian politician

Justas Vincas Paleckis (born 1942), Lithuanian ex-communist and politician

Vincas Grybas
Vincas Grybas (3 October 1890 – 3 July 1941) was a Lithuanian sculptor. Vincas Grybas was born in Lukšiai village, where he finished elementary school. Later, he continued his studies at Warsaw art school. After World War I, Grybas extended his studies in Kaunas and Paris. In 1919, he joined the LSDP (Social Democratic Party of Lithuania). After Lithuania was occupied by the Nazi Germany, Grybas was handed over to the Gestapo by the local auxiliary forces and shot on July 3rd, 1941, along with 300 Jews from Jurbarkas.
Qasahdhere District
Qasahdhere District (Qansahdhere District) is a district in the southern Bay region of Somalia. Its capital is Qansahdhere.

In January 2008, during the Ethiopian occupation of Somalia, insurgents from the Islamic Courts Union established a base and nearly took over the entire district.

Administrative divisions of Somalia
As Somalia is officially a federal republic, the country is divided into seven federal member states, 18 administrative regions (gobollo, singular gobol), and 72 districts. (plural degmooyin; singular degmo)
1974 Chatham Cup
The 1974 Chatham Cup was the 47th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.

Early stages of the competition were run in three regions, with the National League teams receiving a bye until the later stages of the competition. In all, 114 teams took part in the competition, at that time a record number. Note: Different sources give different numberings for the rounds of the competition: some start round one with the beginning of the regional qualifications; others start numbering from the first national knock-out stage. The former numbering scheme is used in this article.

A change was made in the way tied matches were decided, with penalty shoot-outs introduced in the event of ties after extra time. Replays were still used for the later rounds, with a replay being needed in one semi-final.

New Zealand National Football Leagues
The New Zealand National League is the name given to the current New Zealand top football competition. Originally set up as the New Zealand National Soccer League there has been many versions of the competition as well as many different names. The most common format saw club teams play each other, at least two times, on a home and away basis. At the completion of those games, the best-performing team was declared as the New Zealand champion. The latest version has the clubs play in their regional leagues with the top teams qualifying for the Championship phase to then play each other for the champion.