hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Gill (artist)
Robert Charles Gill (January 17, 1931 – November 9, 2021) was an American illustrator, graphic designer and author. Prolific and influential creative, Gill was notable for his concept-driven designs that blended graphic design and illustration, and popularized the use of visual puns and short, direct copy.

Together with Alan Fletcher and Colin Forbes, Gill co-founded British design company Fletcher/Forbes/Gill that after his departure grew into the international consultancy Pentagram. They also founded D&AD, a long-standing British educational organization in design and art direction.

Gill was known for his work as design educator and as author and designer of many widely referenced books on graphic design, advertising and visual culture. He also co-created 1977 Broadway musical Beatlemania, illustrated multiple children's books, and designed film titles for films and TV.

Visual culture
Visual culture is the aspect of culture expressed in visual images. Many academic fields study this subject, including cultural studies, art history, critical theory, philosophy, media studies, Deaf Studies, and anthropology.

The field of visual culture studies in the United States corresponds or parallels the Bildwissenschaft ("image studies") in Germany. Both fields are not entirely new, as they can be considered reformulations of issues of photography and film theory that had been raised from the 1920s and 1930s by authors like Béla Balázs, László Moholy-Nagy, Siegfried Kracauer and Walter Benjamin.
A Walk in the Spring Rain
A Walk in the Spring Rain is a 1970 American romantic drama film in Eastmancolor made by Columbia Pictures, directed by Guy Green and produced by Stirling Silliphant, from his own screenplay based on the novel by Rachel Maddux. Outside location scenes were filmed in New York City, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, Tennessee and Knoxville, Tennessee.

The film stars Ingrid Bergman and Anthony Quinn, with Fritz Weaver, Katherine Crawford, and Virginia Gregg. The music score was by Elmer Bernstein and the cinematography by Charles Lang. Martial arts superstar Bruce Lee, a personal friend of producer Stirling Silliphant, choreographed the fight between Will Cade (Anthony Quinn) and his son.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
Ahmad Hosseini Khorasani
Ahmad Hosseini Khorasani (Persian: احمد حسینی خراسانی) is an Iranian Twelver Shia ayatollah who was born in 1959 Fajr-Abad (Shirvan). He is a member of Guardian Council and also representative of Razavi Khorasan Province people in Assembly of Experts.

Seyyed Ahmad Hosseini-Khorasani whose current dwelling place is in Qom, is the representative of Khorasan Razavi people in the Assembly of experts. This Shia cleric who is the son of Mirza-Arab, went to "Ayatollah-Hakim Hawzah" in Shirvan, afterwards departed to Mashhad (seminary); and was educating by the side of scholars/teachers such as: Falsafi, Mortazavi and RezaZadeh; he was also simultaneously teaching in Hawzah and Mashhad University of Ferdosi. Likewise, Hosseini-Khorasani immigrated to Qom, and participated at the classes of Shia scholars amongst: Hasanzadeh Amoli, Javadi-Amoli, etc. So far, there have been published more than 50 scientific articles from this Iranian ayatollah.

Ayatollah
Ayatollah (UK: /ˌaɪəˈtɒlə/, also US: /ˌaɪəˈtoʊlə/; Arabic: آية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیت‌الله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is a title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished  marja' at-taqlid mujtahid, it suffered from "inflation"  following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid". By 2015, it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs.

The title is not used by the Sunni community of Iran, due to their belief that Muhammad did not appoint a successor.

In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah".
John Shepherd (priest)
John Shepherd (died 24 February 1713) was an Irish Anglican priest in the last decades of the seventeenth and the first ones of the eighteenth centuries.

Shepherd was born in County Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He became Vicar choral of Limerick Cathedral in 1693; Prebendary of St Munchin in 1695; Treasurer of Limerick from 1695; the Archdeacon of Ardfert in 1704; and Precentor of Killaloe in 1705.

Mainchín of Limerick
Mainchín mac Setnai (fl. late 6th century), also anglicised to Munchin, was allegedly the founder of the church of Luimneach (now Limerick), Ireland, and a saint in Irish tradition, acquiring special eminence as patron of Limerick City. Both his origins and the date of his association with the city are debated.
Old Valley of Tacna
Old Valley of Tacna is a large natural area in Tacna, Peru. It's located between 670 and 1,090 m.a.s.l. It is approximately 23 km long. And the climate is temperate and dry.

It includes the Districts of Pocollay, Calana, and Pachia, which are 94 km, 14 km and 18 km away from the city of Tacna respectively.

Various restaurantes are located there and you can eat traditional food.

Tacna
Tacna (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaɣna]; Aymara and Quechua: Taqna), officially San Pedro de Tacna, is a city in southern Peru and the capital of the department of Tacna. Located in the Caplina River valley about 35 km (22 mi) north of the border with Chile, it is one of the country's main commercial centers and Peru's tenth most populous city. Known for its strong patriotic identity, Tacna features numerous monuments and place names commemorating Peru's independence and the War of the Pacific. Its inhabitants are known as tacneños.
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 镇宁布依族苗族自治县; traditional Chinese: 鎮寧布依族苗族自治縣; pinyin: Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn; usually referred to as "Zhenning County", commonly abbreviated as Zhenning (镇宁县; 鎮寧縣; Zhènníng Xiàn); Buyei: Zenqninf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqxianq) is an autonomous county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Anshun, in the southwest of Guizhou Province, China.

Zhou (administrative division)
Zhou (Chinese: 州; pinyin: zhōu; lit. 'land') were historical administrative and political divisions of China. Formally established during the Han dynasty, zhou existed continuously for over 2000 years until the 1912 establishment of the Republic of China. Zhou were also once used in Korea (주, ju), Vietnam (Vietnamese: châu) and Japan (Hepburn: shū).
Cxema
Cxema (pronounced Skhema) is a Ukrainian organiser of raves in urban spaces in Ukraine and Europe. Its parties have been held several times a year in various post-industrial locations in Kyiv since 2014.

Its events have been written about by international media such as Dazed, i-D, Mixmag. Crack Magazine, and Trax.

I-D
i-D is a British biannual magazine dedicated to fashion, music, art, film and youth culture. The magazine was launched in 1980 by Terry Jones, originally as a hand-stapled fanzine. It has since evolved into a glossy publication.

In 2023 the magazine's publication was put on hold following its acquisition by Bedford Media. It returned in Spring 2025 as a biannual publication.
Helga Tawil-Souri
Helga Tawil-Souri (Arabic: هلجا طويل-الصوري) (born in Kuwait in 1969) is a Palestinian-American Associate Professor of Media, Culture, and Communication, an associate professor of Middle East and Islamic Studies and a Director of Graduate Studies New York University Steinhardt. Her work focuses on technology, media, culture, territory and politics, with a focus on Palestine and Israel.

She has also produced a number of documentary films.

Tawil-Souri holds a BA from McGill University (1992), an MA from the University of Southern California’s Annenberg School for Communication (1994), and a PhD from the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Colorado, Boulder (2005).

Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development
The New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development (branded as NYU Steinhardt) is the school of education at New York University. The school was founded as the School of Pedagogy in 1890. It was known as the NYU School of Education before 2001.

Located on NYU's founding campus in Greenwich Village, the Steinhardt School offers bachelor's, master's, advanced certificate, and doctoral programs in the fields of applied psychology, art, education, health, media, and music. NYU Steinhardt also offers several degree programs at NYU's Brooklyn campus.
Nasal bridge
The nasal bridge is the upper part of the nose, where the nasal bones and surrounding soft tissues provide structural support. While commonly discussed in human anatomy, nasal bridges exist in various forms across many vertebrates, particularly mammals. The shape, size, and function of the nasal bridge are influenced by evolutionary adaptations, playing a key role in respiration, sense of smell, and thermoregulation.

Soft tissue
Soft tissue connects and surrounds or supports internal organs and bones, and includes muscle, tendons, ligaments, fat, fibrous tissue, lymph and blood vessels, fasciae, and synovial membranes. Soft tissue is tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification such as bones and teeth.

It is sometimes defined by what it is not – such as "nonepithelial, extraskeletal mesenchyme exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system and glia".
Furnace Grove Historic District
The Furnace Grove Historic District encompasses the remains of a historic 19th-century iron processing facility near Bennington, Vermont.  Located on the north side of Vermont Route 9 east of the town center, its production peaked in the 1830s, and was afterward converted into a gentleman's farm.  Surviving elements of its past include the remains of iron smelting furnaces (some of only few in the state), housing, and agricultural outbuildings.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Vermont Route 9
Vermont Route 9 (VT 9) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Vermont. The highway runs 46.957 miles (75.570 km) from the New York state line in Bennington, where it continues west as New York State Route 7 (NY 7), to the New Hampshire state line at the Connecticut River in Brattleboro, where the highway continues as New Hampshire Route 9 (NH 9). VT 9 is the primary east–west highway of Bennington and Windham counties in southern Vermont. The highway connects Southern Vermont's primary towns of Bennington and Brattleboro via its crossing of the Green Mountains. VT 9 also connects those towns with Troy, New York, and Keene, New Hampshire, via the connecting highways in those states. The highway also intersects three major north–south routes: U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in Bennington and Interstate 91 (I-91) and US 5 in Brattleboro.
Other Dimensions in Music
Other Dimensions in Music is an American free jazz group founded in the 1980s.

The group is a collective quartet composed of trumpeter Roy Campbell, multi-instrumentalist Daniel Carter, bassist William Parker and drummer Rashid Bakr. Campbell, Parker and Bakr began working together as members of Jemeel Moondoc‘s group Muntu. Other Dimensions In Music came into existence when Carter joined them in 1981. Their third album, Time is of the Essence is Beyond Time is a live collaboration with pianist Matthew Shipp. On their next recording, Live at the Sunset, drummer Hamid Drake replaces Bakr. Kaiso Stories finds the quartet backing vocalist Fay Victor.

The group's music is entirely improvised but is generally more melodic than some listeners expect from free jazz.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
Original Sound Quality
Original Sound Quality (OSQ) is an audio file format. OSQ was developed in 2002 by Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH and implemented e.g. in their audio editing software Wavelab 4 (and following releases) for lossless audio data compression.

In combination with good source material this format allows compression rates up to 50%. Because of that it is not comparable to other audio formats like MP3, which reach compression rates up to 90% because of their lossy compression algorithms. Therefore, OSQ is used rather for archiving than for daily use.

OSQ is a proprietary format developed by Steinberg that is generally speaking not supported by other audio software tools. A possible alternative to OSQ might be the free codec FLAC.

WaveLab
WaveLab is a digital audio editor and recording computer software application for Windows and macOS, created by Steinberg. WaveLab was started in 1995 and it is mainly the work of one programmer, Philippe Goutier.

Audio can be edited as a single file, a series of files or a multitrack "montage". It fully supports VST 2 and 3 plugins for audio processing. Cut-down versions of WaveLab are available as WaveLab Elements and WaveLab LE.
Isoprenol
Isoprenol, also known as 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol, is a hemiterpene alcohol. It is produced industrially as an intermediate to 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (prenol): global production in 2001 can be estimated as 6–13 thousand tons.

Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic  al-kuḥl 'the kohl') is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly modifies the properties of hydrocarbons, conferring hydrophilic (water-attracted) properties.  The OH group provides a site at which many reactions can occur.
Zoe Zaoutzaina
Zoe Zaoutzaina (Greek: Ζωὴ Ζαούτζαινα, romanized: Zoí Zaoútzaina; died May 899) was a Byzantine empress consort as the second wife of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise. She was the daughter of Stylianos Zaoutzes, a high-ranking bureaucrat of Armenian origin.

De Ceremoniis
The  De Cerimoniis or De Ceremoniis (fully De cerimoniis aulae Byzantinae) is the conventional Latin name for a Greek book of ceremonial protocol at the court of the Byzantine emperors in Constantinople, written in the middle of the 10th century. Its Greek title is often cited as Ἔκθεσις τῆς βασιλείου τάξεως ("Explanation of the Order of the Palace"), taken from the work's preface, or Περὶ τῆς Βασιλείου Τάξεως ("On the Order of the Palace"). In non-specialist English sources, it tends to be called the Book of Ceremonies (variably spelt), a formula used by writers including David Talbot Rice and the modern English translation.
Lists of mountains
Mountains are listed according to various criteria:

List of mountains by elevation
List of highest mountains greater than 7,200 metres (23,622 ft) above sea level
List of past presumed highest mountains
List of highest unclimbed peaks
List of volcanoes by elevation

Topographic prominence
List of mountain peaks by prominence
Ultra-prominent peak

Summits farthest from the Earth's center

Lists of highest points restricted to a specific geographic area
List of countries by highest point
List of islands by highest point

Lists of mountains by region sorted by country or province
Seven Summits, the highest peak on each continent
Seven Second Summits, the second-highest peak on each continent
Seven Third Summits, the third-highest peak on each continent

List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
List of mountains on Mars by height

List of mountain types sorted by geological origin

List of mountain ranges organized into mountain ranges

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Francis John Blatherwick
Dr. Francis John Blatherwick, CM, OBC, CD, FRCP(C) (born September 11, 1944) was one of Canada's trailblazing leaders in public health and was the longest-serving Medical officer of health in Canada when he retired in 2007.

Medical officer of health
A medical officer of health, also known as a medical health officer, chief health officer, chief public health officer or district medical officer, is the title commonly used for the senior government official of a health department, usually at a municipal, county/district, state/province, or regional level. The post is held by a physician who serves to advise and lead a team of public health professionals such as environmental health officers and public health nurses on matters of public health importance.

The equivalent senior health official at the national level is often referred to as the chief medical officer (CMO), although the title varies across countries, for example known as the surgeon general in the United States and the chief public health officer in Canada.
Carmen Ibáñez
Carmen Patricia Ibáñez Soto (born 7 February 1959) is a Chilean social communicator, former television presenter, and politician.

She served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies representing the 13th District (Valparaíso, Juan Fernández, and Easter Island) from 11 March 2002 to 11 March 2006. Later, she was appointed Ambassador of Chile to Greece, serving from 11 March 2010 until 31 January 2013, and was subsequently Cultural Attaché at the Chilean Embassy in Argentina until October 2019.

Ibáñez is the daughter of former deputy Arturo Ibáñez Ceza and Eliana del Carmen Soto Klauss. She holds a degree in Social Communication from Santiago College. Before entering politics, she worked at Radio Agricultura as Communications Director and contributed to Red Televisión and Revista Cosas. During the 1980s, she became known to the public after appearing in a Concha y Toro wine commercial.

Foreign relations of Chile
Since its return to democracy in 1990, Chile has been an active participant in the regional and international arena. Chile assumed a two-year non-permanent position on the UN Security Council in January 2003 and was re-elected to the council in October 2013. It is also an active member of the UN family of agencies, serving as a member of the Commission on Human Rights and participating in UN peacekeeping activities. Chile hosted the second Summit of the Americas in 1998, was the chair of the Rio Group in 2001, hosted the Defense Ministerial of the Americas in 2002, and the APEC summit and related meetings in 2004. In 2005 it hosted the Community of Democracies ministerial conference. It is an associate member of Mercosur and a full member of APEC. The OECD agreed to invite Chile to be among four countries to open discussions in becoming an official member.
Ross Tiger
Ross Tiger is a traditional side-winder fishing trawler that was converted into a museum ship in 1992. She is currently berthed in Alexandra Dock at her home port of Grimsby, close to the site of the former PS Lincoln Castle. She forms the star attraction of North East Lincolnshire County Council's National Fishing Heritage Centre since restored and opened to the public in 1992. As Grimsby's last traditional sidewinder 'conventional trawler', she represents a now virtually extinct breed of vessels that once made up the largest fishing fleet in the world.

She is a member of the National Register of Historic Vessels with certificate number 621.

Museum ship
A museum ship, also called a memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, mostly for the small number of museum ships that are still operational and thus capable of regular movement.

Several hundred museum ships are kept around the world, with around 175 of them organised in the Historic Naval Ships Association though many are not naval museum ships, from general merchant ships to tugs and lightships. Many, if not most, museum ships are also associated with a maritime museum.
Ljudmila Filimonova
Ljudmila Filimonova also written as Lyudmila Filimonova (Russian: Людмила Филимонова; born September 1962) is a former Soviet and Russian long track speed skater, who was active between 1980 and 1996.

Filimonova represented her nation at the European Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1989. In this championship she was doping tested and both the a- and b-test had a positive result for performance-enhancing drugs. Filimonova's results from the championship were therefore  disqualified. She was then banned for 15 months.

She also competed at other international competitions, including Dynamo Cups.

Between 1982 and 1997 she had a total of 19 starts at national championships. She won the silver medal at the 1991 Russian Single Distance Championships in the 1500 metres event and also the silver medal at the 1992 Russian Single Distance Championships in the 1500 metres event.

After her main career she was active as a master, and became two times master world champion.

Long-track speed skating
Long-track speed skating, usually simply referred to as speed skating, is the Olympic discipline of speed skating where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance. It is also a sport for leisure. Sports such as ice skating marathon, short-track speedskating, inline speedskating, and quad speed skating are also called speed skating.

Long-track speed skating enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands and has also had champion athletes from Austria, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japan, Italy, Norway, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Sweden, the Czech Republic and the United States. Speed skaters attain maximum speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph).