hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
16th Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party
The 16th Secretariat, formally the Secretariat of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was nominated by the 16th Politburo Standing Committee and approved by the 1st Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee on 15 November 2002, in the aftermath of the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This electoral term was preceded by the 15th Secretariat and succeeded by the 17th in 2007.

Term of office
A term of office, electoral term, or parliamentary term is the length of time a person serves in a particular elected office. In many jurisdictions there is a defined limit on how long terms of office may be before the officeholder must be subject to re-election. Some jurisdictions exercise term limits, setting a maximum number of terms an individual may hold in a particular office.
Crazy Joe (film)
Crazy Joe is a 1974 crime film directed by Carlo Lizzani and produced by Dino De Laurentiis. The Italian-American co-production is a fictionalized account of the murder of Joseph "Crazy Joe" Gallo, a mobster who was gunned down on April 7, 1972, at a restaurant in Little Italy. The screenplay by Lewis John Carlino is based on a series of articles by journalist Nicholas Gage. The film stars Peter Boyle in the title role, with Paula Prentiss, Fred Williamson, Rip Torn, Luther Adler, Henry Winkler and Eli Wallach.

Little Italy, Manhattan
Little Italy is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan in New York City, once known for its Italian American population. It is bounded on the west by Tribeca and Soho, on the south by Chinatown, on the east by the Bowery and Lower East Side, and on the north by Nolita.
Bossiaea fragrans
Bossiaea fragrans is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to a small area of New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with flattened cladodes, small, scale-like leaves, and pea-like, yellow and red flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Mortimer Hogan
Mortimer Edward Hogan (February 1862 – March 17, 1923) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. He started his professional career in 1883 with the Peoria Reds. He played in the Union Association in 1884 and in the American Association in 1887–1888.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
1934 Chatham Cup
The 1934 Chatham Cup was the 12th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.

The competition was run on a regional basis, with regional associations each holding separate qualifying rounds.

Teams taking part included: Northern and Maori Hill (Dunedin); Hamilton Wanderers and Glen Afton (Waikato); Rangers, Millerton All Blacks, Runanga, and Dobson (West Coast); Hospital, Petone, Wellington Marist, and Waterside (Wellington); Abels, Ponsonby, Auckland Thistle, Eastern Suburbs AFC, and Y.M.C.A. (Auckland); and Western AFC, Christchurch Thistle, and Christchurch Technical Old Boy's (Canterbury). A late entry came from Nomads of Christchurch and was accepted by the NZFA. Later in June, an entry from the Greymouth club was declined.

Dobson, New Zealand
Dobson is a small town on the banks of the Grey River in the South Island of New Zealand. It is 10 kilometres (6 mi) east from the river's mouth at Greymouth. The settlement of Taylorville is across the river from Dobson, but no bridge directly connects the two. State Highway 7 passes through Dobson.
Rochester Zeniths
Rochester Zeniths is the name of:

Rochester Zeniths (basketball), a defunct professional basketball team that was based in Rochester, New York.

Rochester Zeniths (softball), a defunct professional softball team that was based in Rochester, New York.

Rochester Express
The Rochester Express, originally named the Rochester Zeniths, were a professional softball team that played in two professional softball leagues from 1978 through 1982 at various locations in the Rochester, New York area.
Pilosocereus
Pilosocereus (from Latin, "hairy cereus") is a genus of cactus native to the Neotropics. Tree cactus is a common name for Pilosocereus species. The genus Pseudopilocereus is a synonym of this genus. For many years, the illegitimate name Pilocereus was used for this genus, although properly a synonym for Cephalocereus. The subdivision of the genus has varied very widely, resulting in very different numbers of species being accepted.

The commonly cultivated Pilosocereus pachycladus (syn. Pilosocereus azureus) is a blue cactus with hairy areoles that emit golden spines.

Nomen illegitimum
Nomen illegitimum (Latin for illegitimate name) is a technical term used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although  the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms as qualifiers for taxon names (e.g. nomen conservandum for "conserved name", and nomen superfluum for "superfluous name"), the definition of each term is in English rather than Latin. The Latin abbreviations are widely used by botanists and mycologists.
Julius Indus
Julius Indus was a Treveri nobleman of the 1st century CE. In 21 CE he helped the Romans put down a rebellion of the Treveri and Aedui. Indus had a personal vendetta with one of the leaders in the revolt, Julius Florus. Culminating in a confrontation between the two in the Ardennes forest. During this fight, Indus killed Florus. His regiment may have been involved in the Roman invasion of Britain, and was certainly posted at Corinum (Cirencester) in the mid-to-late 1st century. His daughter, Julia Pacata, married the procurator of Roman Britain, Gaius Julius Alpinus Classicianus, and buried him in London in 65 CE.

Corinium Dobunnorum
Corinium Dobunnorum was the Romano-British settlement at Cirencester in the present-day English county of Gloucestershire. Its 2nd-century walls enclosed the second-largest area of a city in Roman Britain. It was the tribal capital of the Dobunni and is usually thought to have been the capital of the Diocletian-era province of Britannia Prima (Britannia I).
Amiel Vardi
Amiel Vardi (Hebrew: עמיאל ורדי) is an Israeli classical scholar, an authority on Latin literature, and an activist on behalf of Palestinian rights. A native-born Jerusalemite, he teaches at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and lives in the German Colony neighbourhood of that city.

Latin literature
Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature flourished for the next six centuries. The classical era of Latin literature can be roughly divided into several periods: early Latin literature, the golden age, the imperial period and Late Antiquity.

Latin was the language of the ancient Romans as well as being the lingua franca of Western and Central Europe throughout the Middle Ages. Latin literature features the work of Roman authors, such as Cicero, Virgil, Ovid and Horace, but also includes the work of European writers after the fall of the Empire, from religious writers like Aquinas (1225–1274) to secular writers like Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727).
Wedel Jarlsberg Land
Wedel Jarlsberg Land is the land area between Van Keulenfjorden and Hornsund on the southwestern part of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The area is largely covered with glaciers, and is completely within the Sør-Spitsbergen National Park.

Named after Baron Fritz Wedel Jarlsberg (1855-1942), Norwegian minister in Paris, to whose initiative and labour it was greatly due that Norway succeeded in acquiring the sovereignty of Svalbard by a treaty signed in Paris on February 9, 1920. Until then it had been regarded as no-man's-land. The northwestern part of the area was earlier called Orvin Land.

Hornsund
Hornsund is a fjord on the western side of the southernmost tip of northern Norway's Spitsbergen island.

The fjord's mouth faces west to the Greenland Sea, and is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) wide. The length is 30 kilometres (19 mi), the mean depth is 90 metres (300 ft), and the maximal depth is 260 metres (850 ft). Hornsund cuts different geological formations, from the Precambrian to the west to the upper Mesozoic to the east, and it is perpendicular to the main regional fractures of Spitsbergen.

The coastline of Hornsund is diversified, with a number of bays at the mouths of mountainous glacial valleys. Some of these bays have appeared as late as the beginning of the last century due to recession of glaciers.

A Polish research station has been operating there since 1957.
Tom Jefferson (epidemiologist)
Tom Jefferson is a British epidemiologist, based in Rome, Italy, who works for the Cochrane Collaboration. Jefferson is an author and editor of the Cochrane Collaboration's acute respiratory infections group, as well as part of four other Cochrane groups. He was also an advisor to the Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services.

In 1999, Jefferson was one of the founding members of the Brighton Collaboration along with Harald Heijbel, Ulrich Heininger, Robert Chen, and Elisabeth Loupi. He has worked on Cochrane reviews examining the effectiveness of the anti-viral oseltamivir and the influenza vaccine.

Brighton Collaboration
The Brighton Collaboration (BC) is a global non-profit research network dedicated to advancing the science of vaccine safety. Historically, it began by enhancing the quality and comparability of vaccine safety data through standardized tools and methods. It develops standardized case definitions, data collection guidelines, and related tools for vaccine safety monitoring around the world. Since 2019, the Collaboration has functioned as a program under the Task Force for Global Health. Its work is recognized and referenced by international entities such as the World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Small nucleolar RNA SNORA69
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA69 (also known as U69) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a "guide RNA".

ACA69 was originally cloned from HeLa cells and belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, has the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1 protein. snoRNA ACA69 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of U36 of 18S and U69 of 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Pseudouridylation is the (isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine) to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.

HeLa
HeLa (/ˈhiːlɑː/) is an immortalized cell line used in scientific research. It is the oldest human cell line and one of the most commonly used. HeLa cells are durable and prolific, allowing for extensive applications in scientific study. The line is derived from cervical cancer cells taken on February 8, 1951, from Henrietta Lacks, a 31-year-old African American woman, after whom the line is named. Lacks died of cancer on October 4, 1951.

The cells from Lacks's cancerous cervical tumor were taken without her knowledge, which was common practice in the United States at the time. Cell biologist George Otto Gey found that they could be kept alive, and developed a cell line. Previously, cells cultured from other human cells would survive for only a few days, but cells from Lacks's tumor behaved differently.
Music in Budapest
Budapest has long been an important part of the music of Hungary. Its music history has included the composers Franz Liszt, Ernő Dohnányi, Zoltán Kodály and Béla Bartók and the opera composer Ferenc Erkel.

Hungary, especially Budapest, has a rich musical culture, whether its classical music, modern experimental, electronica, alternative music, or traditional Hungarian folk music.

Zoltán Kodály
Zoltán Kodály (UK: /ˈkoʊdaɪ/, US: /koʊˈdaɪ/; Hungarian: Kodály Zoltán, pronounced [ˈkodaːj ˈzoltaːn]; 16 December 1882 – 6 March 1967) was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, music pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály method of music education.
Bellemonte Silk Mill
Bellemonte Silk Mill, also known as Welwood Silk Mill and Sherman Underwear Mills, is a historic mill located at Hawley, Wayne County, Pennsylvania.  It was built in 1880-1881, and rebuilt in 1894 after a fire. It is a three- to five-story, long and narrow bluestone building in a High Victorian Gothic style.  It features a castellated roof parapet.  It has a one-story, shed roofed engine house addition.  The mill is locally considered to be the largest bluestone building in the world. The property also includes the contributing Cocoon House; a one-story, one room stone building. In 2011 the Bellemonte Silk Mill and Cocoon House were renovated by Peter Bohlin. The Bellemonte Silk Mill became the Hawley Silk Mill and the Cocoon House became Cocoon Coffee House. The building once housed an antique resale shop.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Peter Bohlin
Peter Q. Bohlin (born 1937 in New York City, United States) is an American architect and the winner of the 2010 Gold Medal of the American Institute of Architects. He is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) and a founding principal of Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, established originally in 1965 as Bohlin and Powell in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

Bohlin Cywinski Jackson has six offices in Wilkes-Barre, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Seattle, and San Francisco. In 1994, Bohlin Cywinski Jackson was honored with the Firm Award presented by the American Institute of Architects. Peter Bohlin has been a guest design critic and a visiting professor at architecture schools. He received his Bachelor of Architecture from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1958  and his Master of Architecture degree from Cranbrook Academy of Art. He was inducted into RPI's Alumni Hall of Fame in 2011.
Vinh Nguyen
Vinh Nguyen is a Vietnamese Canadian writer based in Toronto, Ontario, who published his debut book The Migrant Rain Falls in Reverse in 2025.

The book, a memoir of his family's experiences coming to Canada as refugees, was shortlisted for the 2025 Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction, and the 2025 Toronto Book Awards.

He is an associate professor of English at the University of Waterloo, specializing in Asian diasporic writing.

He is out as gay.

Vietnamese Canadians
Vietnamese Canadians (Vietnamese: Người Canada gốc Việt; French: Canadiens vietnamiens) are Canadian citizens of Vietnamese ancestry. As of 2021, there are 275,530 Vietnamese Canadians, most of whom reside in the provinces of Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, and Quebec.
Skip Williamson (producer)
Skip Williamson is an American Grammy-nominated music producer, feature film producer, and publisher. After establishing the independent label, Will Records, he partnered with Lakeshore Entertainment to form Lakeshore Records. Williamson is also a co-publisher and Chief Creative Officer of Revolver.

Revolver (magazine)
Revolver is an American heavy metal music and hard rock magazine, published by Project M Group. It was originally launched under Harris Publications in the spring of 2000 by Tom Beaujour and Brad Tolinski, who envisioned it as an American version of Mojo. After five issues, it was relaunched in late 2001 with a focus on heavy music. The magazine features both established acts and up-and-comers in heavy music.
Obesity in Mexico
Obesity in Mexico is a relatively recent phenomenon, having been widespread since the 1980s with the introduction of ultra-processed food into much of the Mexican food market. Prior to that, dietary issues were limited to under and malnutrition, which is still a problem in various parts of the country. Following trends already ongoing in other parts of the world, Mexicans have been foregoing the traditional Mexican diet high in whole grains, fruits, legumes and vegetables in favor of a diet with more animal products and ultra-processed foods. It has seen dietary energy intake and rates of overweight and obese people rise with seven out of ten at least overweight and a third clinically obese.

Ultra-processed food
An ultra-processed food (UPF) is a grouping of processed food characterized by relatively involved methods of production. UPFs are generally defined as products industrially derived from natural food or synthesized from other organic compounds. The resulting products are designed to be highly convenient and hyperpalatable, often through food additives such as preservatives, emulsifiers, colourings, and flavourings. UPFs typically undergo processes such as moulding, extrusion, hydrogenation, or frying.
The Conquest of China
The Conquest of China by the Tartars is a 1675 tragedy by the English writer Elkanah Settle. It was originally performed by the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre in London.

The initial cast included Thomas Gillow as Theinmingus, Henry Harris as Zungteus, Henry Norris as Palexus, Matthew Medbourne as King of China, William Smith as Quitazo, Samuel Sandford as  Lycugus, Mary Betterton as  Orunda, Elizabeth Currer as Alcinda and Mary Lee as Amavanga.

Duke's Company
The Duke's Company was a theatre company chartered by King Charles II at the start of the Restoration era, 1660. Sir William Davenant was manager of the company under the patronage of Prince James, Duke of York. During that period, theatres began to flourish again after they had been closed from the restrictions throughout the English Civil War and the Interregnum. The Duke's Company existed from 1660 to 1682, when it merged with the King's Company to form the United Company.
Penthicodes farinosus
Penthicodes farinosus is a species of planthoppers in the subfamily Aphaeninae (Fulgoridae): with five subspecies distributed in Indo-China and Malesia. The genus name was formerly treated as feminine, but in 2022 it was revised to masculine in accordance with ICZN Article 30.1.4.4, changing the spelling of this species' name from farinosa to farinosus.

Fulgoridae
The family Fulgoridae is a large group of hemipteran insects, especially abundant and diverse in the tropics, containing over 125 genera worldwide. They are mostly of moderate to large size, many with a superficial resemblance to Lepidoptera due to their brilliant and varied coloration. Various genera and species (especially the genera Fulgora and Pyrops) are sometimes referred to as lanternflies or lanthorn flies.

The head of some species is produced into a hollow process, resembling a snout, which is sometimes inflated and nearly as large as the body of the insect, sometimes elongated, narrow and apically upturned. It was believed, mainly on the authority of Maria Sibylla Merian, that this process, the so-called lantern, was luminous at night in the living insect. Carl Linnaeus adopted the statement without question and coined a number of specific names, such as laternaria, phosphorea and candelaria to illustrate the supposed fact, and thus propagated the myth.
SS Potsdam (1899)
SS Potsdam was a steam ocean liner that was launched in Germany in 1899 for Holland America Line. In 1915 Swedish American Line acquired her and renamed her Stockholm.

In 1929 Norwegian owners acquired her, had her converted into a whaling factory ship, and renamed her Solglimt. In 1941 a German auxiliary cruiser captured her and she was renamed Sonderburg. She was scuttled in 1944, and raised and scrapped in 1947.

When new, Potsdam was the largest ship in the Holland America Line fleet. She was the only Holland America Line ship ever to be named after the German city of Potsdam. She was the first of four Swedish American liners to be named after the Swedish capital city Stockholm.

Factory ship
A factory ship, also known as a fish processing vessel, is a large ocean-going vessel with extensive on-board facilities for processing and freezing caught fish or whales. Modern factory ships are automated and enlarged versions of the earlier whalers, and their use for fishing has grown dramatically. Some factory ships are equipped to serve as a mother ship.
Di Giovanni
Di Giovanni, DiGiovanni, or De Giovanni is a surname. Notable people with these surnames include:

Bartolomeo di Giovanni (died 1501), early Renaissance Italian painter

Benvenuto di Giovanni (c. 1436–1509/1518), Italian painter and artist

Bertoldo di Giovanni (after 1420–1491), Italian sculptor and medallist

Debra DiGiovanni (born 1972), Canadian stand-up comedian

George di Giovanni (born 1935), professor of philosophy at McGill University

Giovanni di Giovanni (c. 1350 – 7 May 1365?), boy executed for sodomy by Florence

Janine di Giovanni, American author, journalist, and war correspondent

Katya De Giovanni, Maltese politician

Matteo di Giovanni (c. 1430–1495), Italian Renaissance artist

Nick DiGiovanni (born 1996), American chef and Internet personality

Severino Di Giovanni (1901–1931), Italian anarchist

Bertoldo di Giovanni
Bertoldo di Giovanni (after 1420, in Poggio a Caiano – 28 December 1491, in Florence) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor and medallist.

Most of his sculptures, as opposed to medals, were small bronzes for the Medici, of the sort Giambologna produced a century later.  Vasari does not give him his own biography, but mentions him several times, as the link between Donatello and Michelangelo.  Only two pieces are signed, a statuette of Orpheus in Vienna, and the Mehmet medal, but by the Frick exhibition in 2019, the first to be dedicated to him, 24 objects were attributed to him, some in wood and plaster.
Vodolahy
Vodolahy (Ukrainian: Водолаги; Russian: Водолаги) is a village in Khotin settlement hromada, Sumy Raion, Sumy Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is located 30.86 kilometres (19.18 mi) north-northeast (NNE) from the centre of Sumy city and about 2.00 kilometres (1.24 mi) south of the Russian-Ukrainian border.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.