hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Go-Toba-in no Shimotsuke
Lady Shimotsuke, attendant to retired Emperor Go-Toba (後鳥羽院下野, Go-Toba-in no Shimotsuke, dates unknown) was a waka poet and Japanese noblewoman active in the  Kamakura period.

Many of her poems appear in imperial poetry collections, including Shingoshūi Wakashū, Senzai Wakashū, Shokugosen Wakashū, Gyokuyō Wakashū, Shinsenzai Wakashū, Shinchokusen Wakashū, and others. She is designated as a member of the Female Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (女房三十六歌仙, Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen).

She is also known as Shinnō (信濃).

Shokugosen Wakashū
The Shokugosen Wakashū (続後撰和歌集) ("Later Collection Continued") was an imperial anthology of Japanese waka poetry. It was finished in 1251 CE, three years after the Retired Emperor Go-Saga first ordered it in 1248. It was compiled by Fujiwara no Tameie, son of Fujiwara no Teika. It consists of twenty volumes containing 1,368 poems. It is characterized by the conservative taste and general competency (but not excellence) of the Nijō faction that would be founded by Tameie's son.
Agriphila undata
Agriphila undata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1881. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California.

The wingspan is about 22 mm. Adults are on wing from September to October.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Azusa High School
Azusa High School is a public high school in Azusa, California, United States, a city east of Los Angeles and east of the San Gabriel Valley. It is the flagship high school for the Azusa Unified School District.
In addition to offering multiple Advanced Placement courses. Azusa High School is an IB (International Baccalaureate) school. Azusa High School offers students a variety of career pathways in STEM as well as an Early College Prep (ECP) program. Alumni of the school have graduated from prestigious undergraduate institutions like Yale University, Stanford University, Amherst College, University of California, Berkeley, University of Southern California, University of California, Los Angeles, University of California, San Diego etc.

Concert band
A concert band, also called a wind band, wind ensemble, wind symphony, wind orchestra, symphonic band,  symphonic winds, or symphonic wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of members of the woodwind, brass, and percussion families of instruments, and occasionally including the piano, double bass, and harp. On rare occasions, additional, non-traditional instruments may be added to such ensembles such as synthesizer, electric guitar, and bass guitar.

Concert band music generally includes original wind compositions, concert marches, transcriptions of orchestral arrangements, light music, and popular music. Though the concert band does have similar instrumentation to the marching band, a marching band's main purpose is to perform while marching. In contrast, a concert band usually performs as a stationary ensemble, though European ensembles often do both.
Nurbagand Nurbagandov
Nurbagand Nurbagandov (Russian: Нурбаганд Магомедович Нурбагандов; born 19 March 1957, Urakhi, Dakhadayevsky District) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

From 1990 to 2008, Nurbagandov  held the positions of the chief state tax inspector, head of the department of taxation of individuals, head of the department in the state tax inspectorate for the Sergokalinsky District of Dagestan. In 2008-2015, he headed the branch of the Russian Agricultural Bank. Since September 2021, he has served as the deputy of the 8th State Duma.

He is the father of the Hero of the Russian Federation, Magomed Nurbagandov, who was killed by the Islamic State militants in 2016.

Sergokalinsky District
Sergokalinsky District (Russian: Сергокали́нский райо́н; Dargwa: Сергокъала къатI) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 528.4 square kilometers (204.0 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Sergokala. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,133, with the population of Sergokala accounting for 30.0% of that number.
2019 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament
The 2019 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament (or Rotterdam Open) was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It took place at the Rotterdam Ahoy arena in the Dutch city of Rotterdam, between 11 and 17 February 2019. It was the 46th edition of the Rotterdam Open, and part of the ATP Tour 500 series of the 2019 ATP Tour. The tournament also included a Men's Wheelchair Tennis Singles and Doubles draw, which was an ITF-1 level tournament, with a total of $32,000 prize money.

Rotterdam Open
The ABN AMRO Open, also known as the Rotterdam Open, is a professional men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It is part of the ATP Tour 500 series on the ATP Tour and has been held annually at Rotterdam Ahoy in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Homoranthus wilhelmii
Homoranthus wilhelmii, commonly known as the eastern feather flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a small, spreading shrub with cylindrical to flattened leaves and white or pink flowers arranged in corymbs on the ends of branchlets. The distribution includes an area on the Yorke Peninsula, but it is most common on the southern Eyre Peninsula.

Corymb
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial resemblance towards an umbel, and may have a branching structure similar to a panicle. Flowers in a corymb structure can either be parallel, or alternate, and form in either a convex, or flat form.

Many species in the Maloideae, such as hawthorns and rowans, produce their flowers in corymbs. The Norway maple and yerba maté are also examples of corymbs.

The word corymb is derived from the Ancient Greek word κόρυμβος, korymbos meaning "bunch of flowers or fruit".

Racemose corymb

Iberis umbellata or candytuft (racemose corymb)

Cymose corymb

Sambucus nigra or elder(cymose corymb)
Kolonia Zawady
Kolonia Zawady [kɔˈlɔɲa zaˈvadɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Widawa, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Widawa, 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Łask, and 54 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łask County
Łask County (Polish: powiat łaski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łask, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 617.38 square kilometres (238.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,874, out of which the population of Łask is 18,684 and the rural population is 32,190.
Laura Swett
Laura Victoria Swett is an American lawyer and government official who has been a member of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) since 2025. She was appointed chair of the commission by President Donald Trump shortly after being confirmed as a commissioner. She was previously employed as an advisor and lawyer for FERC and as an energy litigator for Vinson & Elkins.

Vinson & Elkins
Vinson & Elkins LLP (or V&E) is an international law firm with approximately 700 lawyers worldwide headquartered in Downtown Houston, Texas.

The firm has offices in major energy, financial, and political centers worldwide.
What's the 411? Remix
What's the 411? Remix is a remix album by R&B singer Mary J. Blige, released on December 7, 1993, by Uptown Records and MCA Records. It is composed of remixed tracks from Blige's critically acclaimed debut album, and involved record producers and recording artists including Sean "Puffy" Combs, Teddy Riley, Eddie "F" Ferrell, Craig Mack, Heavy D, the Notorious B.I.G., and K-Ci Hailey. The album received favorable reviews, and debuted at number 118 on the Billboard 200, and number 22 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

K-Ci
Cedric Renard Hailey (born September 2, 1969), known professionally as K-Ci (formerly Little Cedric as a member of Little Cedric and the Hailey Singers), is an American singer, songwriter and member of K-Ci & JoJo and Jodeci.

Although Hailey is best known as the lead singer of  Jodeci and second-lead singer of K-Ci & JoJo, he participated on different solo projects as K-Ci, most notably his 1994 cover of Bobby Womack’s "If You Think You're Lonely Now", which peaked at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Maurice Spector
Maurice Spector (March 19, 1898 – August 1, 1968) was a Canadian politician who served as the chairman of the Communist Party of Canada and the editor of its newspaper, The Worker, for much of the 1920s. He was an early follower of Leon Trotsky after Trotsky's split from the Communist International.

People's Voice (newspaper)
People's Voice is a Canadian newspaper published fortnightly by New Labour Press Ltd. The paper's editorial line reflects the viewpoints of the Communist Party of Canada, although it also runs articles by other leftist voices. Established in 1993 under this name, the paper and online service have a history of ancestral publications dating to the early 1920s, when the first paper of this line was founded by the new Communist Party of Canada.

Produced in Toronto and printed at a union press in Hamilton, People's Voice contains news and editorial content related to Canadian and international political issues of government, social movements, and class struggle.
Cheltenham Girls High School
Cheltenham Girls High School, is a public, comprehensive, high school for girls, located in Cheltenham, a suburb in the Northern Sydney region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1957 and operated by the New South Wales Department of Education, the school has a non-selective enrolment policy and currently caters for approximately 1,260 students from Years 7 to 12.

In the 2006 Higher School Certificate, the National Education Directory of Australia named Cheltenham Girls High School the sixth best performing school, and the best non-selective public school in Sydney's Hornsby region.

It is well known for its distinctive pink uniform. The school has recently celebrated its 60th anniversary.

Department of Education (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Department of Education, a department of the Government of New South Wales, is responsible for the delivery and co-ordination of early childhood, primary school, secondary school, vocational education, adult, migrant and higher education in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

The department was preceded by the Board of National Education and Council of Education, and has been formerly known by a number of names, including Department of Public Instruction, the Department of Education and Training (DET) between December 1997 and April 2011, and the Department of Education and Communities (DEC) between April 2011 and July 2015.

The department's powers are principally drawn from the Education Act, 1990  (NSW).
1902 East Down by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of East Down was held on 5 February 1902. It was caused by the incumbent MP, James Alexander Rentoul, becoming a judge and resigning as Member of Parliament. The result saw James Wood, the Russellite candidate, beat the Irish Unionist candidate.

Russellite Unionist
The Russellite group were the followers of Thomas Wallace Russell, an Irish political leader of the early twentieth century.

Russell was the Liberal Unionist MP for South Tyrone. He and some followers left the party in February 1904. They favoured a policy of compulsory land purchase. Dod's Parliamentary Companion regarded them as ex-Liberal Unionists who had joined the Liberal Party, although Russell's two Parliamentary colleagues had been first elected as Independent Unionists and they did not seek re-election as Liberals in 1906.

At by-elections and in the 1906 United Kingdom general election Russellite candidates contested elections in Ulster seats as Independent Unionists. F.W.S. Craig's compilation of election results for 1906 includes them with the Liberals, but gives them a footnote.
Empire State Games
The Empire State Games are a set of annual Olympic-style competitions for amateur athletes from the state of New York, encompassing several divisions and allowing athletes of all ages to compete. It was a member of the National Congress of State Games.  The games consisted of a number of competitions:

Summer Games (often referred to as the Empire State Games, typically held in late July)

Winter Games (often referred to as the Empire State Winter Games, typically held in February)

Games for the Physically Challenged (similar to the Paralympics)

Senior Games (specifically for athletes age 50 and older)

In 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013 the Empire State Summer Games were cancelled.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
Luigi Moglia
Luigi Moglia (active in Rome during c. 1850 to 1870) was an Italian mosaicist, who worked in the Studio Vaticano del Mosaico (Mosaic Studio of the Vatican).

His expertise was in copies in micromosaic of famous artworks of Rome. The Museo Borgogna in Vercelli has a reproduction of Guido Reni's large fresco of the Aurora in the Palazzo Pallavicini Rospigliosi, Rome. The museum also has micromosaic works by Michelangelo Barbieri. The work was purchased from the auction of the Demidoff possessions in Florence.

Guido Reni
Guido Reni (Italian pronunciation: [ˌɡwiːdo ˈrɛːni]; 4 November 1575 – 18 August 1642) was an Italian Baroque painter, although his works showed a classical manner, similar to Simon Vouet, Nicolas Poussin, and Philippe de Champaigne. He painted primarily religious works, but also mythological and allegorical subjects. Active in Rome, Naples, and his native Bologna, he became the dominant figure in the Bolognese School that emerged under the influence of the Carracci.
Illicit Dreams 2
Illicit Dreams 2 is a 1997 American erotic thriller film directed by Fred Olen Ray and a sequel to Illicit Dreams. This film's music was composed by Bob Kulick. The film starred Tim Abell, Tane McClure, Cory Lane, Max Goldberg, Jennifer Burton and Christina Hempstead in the lead roles.

Bob Kulick
Robert Joel Kulick (January 16, 1950 – May 28, 2020) was an American guitarist who worked with numerous acts such as Kiss, W.A.S.P., Alice Cooper, Lou Reed, Meat Loaf, and Michael Bolton. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and was the elder brother of former Kiss lead guitarist Bruce Kulick.
Vasily Konovalenko
Vasily Vasilivich Konovalenko (Russian: Василий Васильевич Коноваленко, koʊ-noʊ-VA-ɪŋ-koʊ; 5 July 1929 – 27 January 1989) was a Soviet artist, known for creating unique three dimensional gemstone sculptures.

Rutilated quartz
Rutilated quartz (also known as Venus' Hair Stone) is a variety of quartz which contains acicular (needle-like) inclusions of rutile. It is used for gemstones. These inclusions mostly look golden, but they also can appear silver, copper red or black.

The inclusions may be distributed randomly or in bundles, which sometimes are arranged star-like, and they can be sparse or dense enough to make the quartz body nearly opaque.

While otherwise inclusions often reduce the value of a crystal, rutilated quartz is valued for the quality of these inclusions.
Edi Subaktiar
Edi Subaktiar (born 13 January 1994) is an Indonesian former badminton player specializing in doubles. He was the 2012 World Junior mixed doubles champion partnered with Melati Daeva Oktaviani. In the international competition, he was paired with Gloria Emanuelle Widjaja in mixed doubles and with Ronald Alexander in men's doubles. Since 2008, he joined PB. Djarum, a badminton club in Kudus, Central Java where his pair in mixed doubles Widjaja also joined. He retired in 2019 after a long injury which had prevented him to play again since it occurred at the 2017 SEA Games.

Badminton at the 2017 SEA Games
The badminton competitions at the 2017 SEA Games in Kuala Lumpur were held at Axiata Arena in Bukit Jalil.

The 2017 Games featured competitions in seven events (3 men events, 3 women events, and 1 mixed events).
Xylophilus (bacterium)
Xylophilus (from greek: xylon – "wood"; philus – "friend, loving") is a genus of bacteria, which includes bacteria that cause plant disease. Strains are available from international collections, such as the NCPPB in the United Kingdom, for legitimate researchers and plant disease diagnosticians working in premises licensed to hold it.

The genus Xylophilus currently comprises the species X. ampelinus, which affects grapevines. A second species, X. rhododendri, was described in 2020.

Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.
Extended projection principle
The extended projection principle (EPP) is a linguistic hypothesis about subjects.  It was proposed by Noam Chomsky as an addendum to the projection principle.  The basic idea of the EPP is that clauses must contain a noun phrase or determiner phrase in the subject position (i.e. in the specifier of a tense phrase or inflectional phrase or in the specifier of a verb phrase in languages in which subjects don't raise to TP/IP, e.g. Welsh).

Determiner phrase
In linguistics, a determiner phrase (DP) is a type of phrase headed by a determiner such as many. Controversially, many approaches take a phrase like not very many apples to be a DP headed, in this case, by the determiner many. This is called the DP analysis or the DP hypothesis. Others reject this analysis in favor of the more traditional NP (noun phrase or nominal phrase) analysis where apples would be the head of the phrase in which the DP not very many is merely a dependent. Thus, there are competing analyses concerning heads and dependents in nominal groups. The DP analysis developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and it is the majority view in generative grammar today.

In the example determiner phrases below, the determiners are in boldface:

a little dog, the little dogs (indefinite or definite articles)

my little dog, your little dogs (possessives)

this little dog, those little dogs (demonstratives)

every little dog, each little dog, no dog (quantifiers)
Margarita machine
A margarita machine, also known as a frozen drink machine is a piece of commercial foodservice equipment which dispenses a frozen margarita. A margarita mix, traditionally lime flavored, is poured into the hopper, which can be refrigerated, and may contain a spinning agitator.  From the hopper, the product flows into the freezing cylinder, where it is frozen and kept at the proper viscosity to serve.  The user is able to dispense margaritas from such a device for extended periods of time without losing any quality in the taste of the margaritas. A margarita machine may be purchased from a foodservice distributor and is manufactured by companies such as Spaceman USA and Taylor Company.

Taylor Company
Taylor Company, previously known as Taylor Freezer Corporation, is an American manufacturer of food service equipment located in Rockton, Illinois. They are known as the supplier and maker of several machines that McDonald's uses, including their grills and many of their ice cream machines.  Although known for soft serve machines, the company also offers commercial grills, frozen and carbonated beverage units, frozen cocktail machines, batch freezers, smoothie equipment, and shake equipment.
Katharina Lodders
Katharina Lodders is a German-American planetary scientist and cosmochemist who works as a research professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, where she co-directs the Planetary Chemistry Laboratory. Her research concerns the chemical composition of solar and stellar environments, including the atmospheres of planets, exoplanets, and brown dwarfs, and the study of the temperatures at which elements condense in stellar environments.

Cosmochemistry
Cosmochemistry (from Ancient Greek  κόσμος (kósmos) 'universe' and  χημεία (khēmeía) 'chemistry') or chemical cosmology is the study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions. This is done primarily through the study of the chemical composition of meteorites and other physical samples. Given that the asteroid parent bodies of meteorites were some of the first solid material to condense from the early solar nebula, cosmochemists are generally, but not exclusively, concerned with the objects contained within the Solar System.
2024 Players Championship
The 2024 Players Championship was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour, held at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida from March 14–17.  Officially, it was the 50th edition of The Players Championship tournament.

Wyndham Clark
Wyndham Robert Clark (born December 9, 1993) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. Clark had a breakout year in 2023; he won his first PGA Tour title at the Wells Fargo Championship in May and his first major championship at the 2023 U.S. Open the following month.
Hyundai Equus
The Hyundai Equus (Korean: 현대 에쿠스; RR: Hyundai Equus) is a full-sized,  front-engine, rear-wheel-drive luxury sedan manufactured and marketed by Hyundai Motor Company from 1999 to 2016. It was produced over two generations in a four-door, five passenger configuration. The nameplate derives from the Latin equus, meaning "horse."

A second generation was released in 2009. As of August 2014, it was sold in South Korea, Russia, China, United States, Canada, Central America, and South America — as well as in the Middle East under the Hyundai Centennial 
(현대 센테니얼) nameplate.

On November 4, 2015, Hyundai officially announced it would move the Genesis model to Hyundai's new luxury vehicle division, Genesis Motor. The 2016 successor to the Hyundai Equus was rebranded as Genesis G90 (EQ900 in Korea until 2018).

Hyundai Motor Company
Hyundai Motor Company, often referred to as Hyundai Motors (Korean: 현대자동차) and commonly known as Hyundai (현대; [ˈhjəːndɛ]; 'modernity'), is a South Korean multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, which was founded in 1967. Currently, the company owns 33.88 percent of Kia Corporation, and owns a luxury cars subsidiary, Genesis. The three brands altogether make up the Hyundai Motor Group.

Hyundai operates the second largest automobile manufacturing facility in the world in Ulsan, South Korea which has an annual production capacity of 1.6 million units. The company employs approximately 75,000 people worldwide. Hyundai vehicles are sold in 193 countries through 5,000 dealerships and showrooms. As of November 2024, Hyundai is the world's third-largest carmaker in terms of production, behind competitors Toyota and Volkswagen.