hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Balloon Facility
The National Balloon Facility, also known as the TIFR Balloon Facility, is a stratospheric-balloon launch base under the joint management of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). This institute is located in Hyderabad near Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL). Being the only major balloon facility in the world close to the geomagnetic equator, this facility is extensively used by researchers from all over the world.

Magnetic dip
Magnetic dip, dip angle, or magnetic inclination is the angle made with the horizontal by Earth's magnetic field lines. This angle varies at different points on Earth's surface. Positive values of inclination indicate that the magnetic field of Earth is pointing downward, into Earth, at the point of measurement, and negative values indicate that it is pointing upward. The dip angle is in principle the angle made by the needle of a vertically held compass, though in practice ordinary compass needles may be weighted against dip or may be unable to move freely in the correct plane. The value can be measured more reliably with a special instrument typically known as a dip circle.

Dip angle was discovered by the German engineer Georg Hartmann in 1544. A method of measuring it with a dip circle was described by Robert Norman in England in 1581.
Neon Union
Neon Union is an American country music duo founded in 2022 in Nashville, Tennessee. The founding members are multi-instrumentalist Leo Brooks  and singer-songwriter Andrew Millsaps.

In 2022, the group signed with Red Street Records and made their debut performance at the Grand Ole Opry, opening for Jimmie Allen. Neon Union has earned their first ACM nomination for New Duo/Group of the Year, been named Billboard’s Rookie of the Month, earned performance slots with the CMA Fest and ACMs and have opened for musical acts like Scotty McCreery, Hardy and Pitbull.

The duo released their first EP, Double Wide Castle Sessions in early 2023 following their debut single, “Bout Damn Time," which was released in December 2022. Their first full-length record, Good Years, was released on January 31, 2025.

Hardy (singer)
Michael Wilson Hardy (born September 13, 1990), known mononymously as Hardy (stylized in all caps as HARDY), is an American country, country rock and hard rock singer and songwriter. His music incorporates heavy metal, punk rock, soul, and hip hop elements. He has written songs for Florida Georgia Line, Chris Lane, Blake Shelton, Dallas Smith, Thomas Rhett, and Morgan Wallen.

Hardy has released five studio albums for Big Loud Records, A Rock (2020), The Mockingbird & the Crow (2023), Quit!! (2024), and Country! Country! (2025),  as well as three collaborative mixtapes, Hixtape, Vol. 1 (2019), Hixtape, Vol. 2 (2021), and Hixtape: Vol. 3: Difftape (2024). His singles "Give Heaven Some Hell", "One Beer", "Wait in the Truck" and "Truck Bed" charted in the US and Canada, and his album, The Mockingbird & the Crow, topped the country music charts in early 2023.
Tomás Lozano-Pérez
Tomás Lozano-Pérez is a Cuban-American computer science professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and member of MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. On the MIT faculty since 1981, he conducts research in robotics, motion planning and geometric algorithms, and their applications.

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) is a research institute at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) formed by the 2003 merger of the Laboratory for Computer Science (LCS) and the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (AI Lab). Housed within the Ray and Maria Stata Center, CSAIL is the largest on-campus laboratory as measured by research scope and membership. It is part of the Schwarzman College of Computing but is also overseen by the MIT Vice President of Research.
Connectivity (graph theory)
In mathematics and computer science, connectivity is one of the basic concepts of graph theory: it asks for the minimum number of elements (nodes or edges) that need to be removed to separate the remaining nodes into two or more isolated subgraphs. It is closely related to the theory of network flow problems. The connectivity of a graph is an important measure of its resilience as a network.

Flow network
In graph theory, a flow network (also known as a transportation network) is a directed graph where each edge has a capacity and each edge receives a flow. The amount of flow on an edge cannot exceed the capacity of the edge. Often in operations research, a directed graph is called a network, the vertices are called nodes and the edges are called arcs.  A flow must satisfy the restriction that the amount of flow into a node equals the amount of flow out of it, unless it is a source, which has only outgoing flow, or sink, which has only incoming flow. A flow network can be used to model traffic in a computer network, circulation with demands, fluids in pipes, currents in an electrical circuit, or anything similar in which something travels through a network of nodes. As such, efficient algorithms for solving network flows can also be applied to solve problems that can be reduced to a flow network, including survey design, airline scheduling, image segmentation, and the matching problem.
Operation RAFTER
RAFTER was a code name for the MI5 radio receiver detection technique, mostly used against clandestine Soviet agents and monitoring of domestic radio transmissions by foreign embassy personnel from the 1950s on.

Code name
A code name, codename, call sign, or cryptonym is a code word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project, or person. Code names are often used for military purposes, or in espionage. They may also be used in industrial counter-espionage to protect secret projects and the like from business rivals, or to give names to projects whose marketing name has not yet been determined. Another reason for the use of names and phrases in the military is that they transmit with a lower level of cumulative errors over a walkie-talkie or radio link than actual names.

Code names are also used for commercial products, for a variety of reasons. One of them can include that a marketing name has not yet been established during product development.
Cornești-Iarcuri
Cornești-Iarcuri is a Bronze Age fortification near the village of Cornești, between Arad and Timișoara in Timiș County in the Banat region of western Romania. Locally, the site is also known as Iarcurior historically as Dâmburile turcești.

At around 17.22km2, it is the largest Bronze Age fortification in Europe, compared to others of the Bronze Age that are usually only a few hectares. This has led archaeologists to suggest that the fort was part of a regional-level organisation rather than a single settlement.

Archaeologists suggest the fort began construction around the fifteenth–fourteenth centuries BC. The site consists of four ramparts, which appear to have been constructed in multiple phases. The fort shows signs of widespread burning near the end of the second millennium BC.

Rampart (fortification)
In fortification architecture, a rampart  is a length of embankment or wall forming part of the defensive boundary of a castle, hillfort, settlement or other fortified site. It is usually broad-topped and made of excavated earth and/or masonry.
Electoral district of Gympie
Gympie is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland The electorate is centred on the city of Gympie and stretches north to Rainbow Beach and as far south to Pomona.

The seat is currently held by Tony Perrett of the Liberal National Party.

The district's most famous former member is Andrew Fisher, who later became Prime Minister of Australia.

Rainbow Beach, Queensland
Rainbow Beach is a coastal rural town and locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Rainbow Beach had a population of 1,220 people.

It is a popular tourist destination, both in its own right and as a gateway to K'gari (formerly known as Fraser Island), with a vehicle ferry frequently running to the southern point of K'gari.
Naval Museum of Uruguay
The Naval Museum of Uruguay (Spanish: Museo Naval de Uruguay) is located in the Rambla de Gaulle s/n, Pocitos neighbourhood, Montevideo, Uruguay.

It hosts a number of historical cannons, as well as models, photographs and memorabilia of the Uruguayan Navy. It also has a library and an archive. It is located between Playa de los Pocitos and Puerto del Buceo.

National Navy of Uruguay
The National Navy of Uruguay (Spanish: Armada Nacional del Uruguay) is a branch of the Armed Forces of Uruguay under the direction of the Ministry of National Defense and the commander in chief of the Navy (Comandante en Jefe de la Armada or COMAR).
The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal
"The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal" (simplified Chinese: 齐天大圣; traditional Chinese: 齊天大聖; pinyin: Qí Tiān Dà Shèng) is a short story by Pu Songling first published in Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio (1740). It revolves around Shandong native Xu Sheng, who initially rejects the existence of Sun Wukong but gradually becomes a firm devotee of him after encountering him and experiencing his power. The story acts as social commentary on the worship of mythical characters, in this case Sun Wukong. In 2014, it was translated into English by Sidney L. Sondergard.

Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio
Liaozhai zhiyi, sometimes shortened to Liaozhai, known in English as Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio,  Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio, or literally Strange Tales from a Studio of Leisure, is a collection of Classical Chinese stories by Qing dynasty writer Pu Songling, comprising close to 500 stories or "marvel tales" in the zhiguai and chuanqi styles, which according to some critics, served to implicitly criticise societal problems. Written over a period of forty years from the late 1600s and ending in the early 1700s, it circulated in manuscripts that were copied and recopied among the author's friends but did not appear in print until 1766. Since then, many of the critically lauded stories have been adapted for other media such as film and television.
Sinsini
Sinsini is a historic village located in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India, approximately 20 kilometers south of Deeg and 28 kilometers from Bharatpur. This village is known for its role in the Jat uprising against Mughal Empire during the late 17th and 18th centuries. Gokula, Raja Ram and Churaman were the chieftains of Sinsini and founded the Sinsini fort. With a population of 8,376 as per the 2011 Census, the village had a literacy rate of 70.23%.

Bharatpur, Rajasthan
Bharatpur is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan, 189 km (117 mi) south of India's capital, New Delhi, 184 km (114 mi) from Rajasthan's capital Jaipur, 56 km (35 mi) west of Agra of Uttar Pradesh and 36 km (22 mi) from Mathura of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Bharatpur District and the headquarters of Bharatpur Division of Rajasthan State. Bharatpur is part of National Capital Region of India. The city was the capital of the Bharatpur State. It became a municipal corporation with 65 wards in 2014.
2021 Outback Bowl
The 2021 Outback Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2021, with kickoff at 12:30 p.m. EST on ABC. It was the 35th edition of the Outback Bowl, and was one of the 2020–21 bowl games concluding the 2020 FBS football season. The game was named after its title sponsor, Outback Steakhouse.

Outback Steakhouse
Outback Steakhouse is an American chain of Australian-themed casual dining restaurants, serving American cuisine, based in Tampa, Florida. The chain has over 1,000 locations in 23 countries throughout North America, South America, Asia, and Australia. It was founded on March 15, 1988, with its first location in Tampa by Bob Basham, Chris T. Sullivan, Trudy Cooper, and Tim Gannon. It was owned and operated in the United States by OSI Restaurant Partners until it was acquired by Bloomin' Brands, and by other franchise and venture agreements internationally.
Temperance Flowerdew
Temperance Flowerdew, Lady Yeardley (b. 1587 – d. 1628) was an early settler of the Jamestown Colony and a key member of the Flowerdew family, significant participants in the history of Jamestown. Temperance Flowerdew was wife of two Governors of Virginia, sister of another early colonist, aunt to a representative at the first General Assembly and "cousin-german" (first cousin) to the Secretary to the Colony, John Pory.

Flowerdew was one of the few survivors of the winter of 1609–10, known as the "Starving Time", which killed almost ninety percent of Jamestown's inhabitants, including her first husband, Richard.  Later, upon the death of her second husband, George Yeardley, Flowerdew became one of the wealthiest women in Virginia.  Upon her death, the estate was transferred to her children despite the efforts of her third husband to claim it.  
Flowerdew was named one of the Virginia Women in History by the Library of Virginia in 2018.

John Pory
John Pory (b. 1572–d. 1633) was an English politician, administrator, traveller, and author during the Jacobean and Caroline eras; the skilled linguist may have been the first news correspondent in English-language journalism. As the first Speaker of the Virginia General Assembly, Pory established parliamentary procedures for that legislative body still in use today (although members now elect their Speaker).
2003–04 Eerste Klasse
2003–04 Eerste Klasse was a Dutch association football season of the Eerste Klasse.

Saturday champions were:

A: RKAV Volendam

B: BVV Barendrecht

C: Kozakken Boys

D: Excelsior '31

E: ONS Sneek

Sunday champions were:

A: DWV

B: UVS Leiden

C: VV Geldrop

D: EVV Echt

E: VV Germania

F: WKE '16

VV Geldrop
VV Geldrop is a football club from Geldrop, Netherlands. VV Geldrop plays in the 2017–18 Sunday Eerste Klasse D.

From the late 1970s up to the early 2000s the club played continuously in the Hoofdklasse, at that time the highest amateur league. In 1984, 1987 and 1990 they even became overall amateur champions.
1986 Tel Aviv Open – Doubles
Brad Gilbert and Ilie Năstase were the defending champions, but Năstase did not participate this year.  Gilbert partnered Shlomo Glickstein, losing in the first round.

John Letts and Peter Lundgren won the title, defeating Christo Steyn and Danie Visser 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 in the final.

Shlomo Glickstein
Shlomo Glickstein (Hebrew: שלמה גליקשטיין; born 6 January 1958) is an Israeli former professional tennis player.

He reached his career-high singles ranking of World No. 22 in November 1982, and his career-high doubles ranking of World No. 28 in February 1986.
Caledonian Airways Flight 153
Caledonian Airways Flight 153 was a multi-leg nonscheduled passenger service from Luxembourg via Khartoum, Lorenzo Marques (nowadays Maputo), Douala and Lisbon, before heading back to Luxembourg. 
On 4 March 1962 a Douglas DC-7C flying the route, registration G-ARUD, crashed shortly after takeoff from Douala International Airport, Douala, Cameroon in a swamp on the edge of a jungle 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi; 1.3 nmi) off the airport. It is the deadliest crash of a DC-7. It is also the second-deadliest accident in Cameroon surpassed only by Kenya Airways Flight 507.

Douala
Douala is the largest city in Cameroon and its economic capital. It is also the capital of Cameroon's Littoral Region. It was home to Central Africa's largest port, now being replaced by Kribi port. It has the country's major international airport, Douala International Airport (DLA). It is the commercial and economic capital of Cameroon and the entire CEMAC region comprising Gabon, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Cameroon. Consequently, it handles most of the country's major exports, such as oil, cocoa and coffee, timber, metals and fruits. As of 2025, the city and its surrounding area had an estimated population of 4,346,000, while the city proper had an estimated population of 3,816,500. The city sits on the estuary of Wouri River and its climate is tropical.
Ayikudi Balasubramanya Swami Temple
The Ayikudi Balasubramanya Swami Temple is a small Hindu temple in the village of Ayikudi, Thirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple is visited by pilgrims and tourists who come to visit Kutralam Falls, Kasi Vishwanathar Temple Tenkasi and Thiruchendur.

Courtallam
Courtallam, natively spelt Kutrālam or Kuttālam, is a panchayat town situated at a mean elevation of 160 m (520 ft) in the foothills of the Western Ghats in Tenkasi district of Tamil Nadu, India.  The Coutrallam Falls on the Chittar River is a major tourist attraction.
Ratheesh Kumar
Ratheesh Kumar is an Indian playback singer from Kerala. He started his career as a playback singer in the Malayalam movie Ivar Vivahitharayal in 2009. He has also recorded songs for Malayalam Albums and Dramas. He was the finalist of the reality show Amrita TV Super Star Global, a musical talent hunt show hosted by Amrita TV.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Morsztyn
Morsztyn is a Polish surname. Archaic feminine forms are Morsztynowa (by husband), Morsztynówna (by father); they still can be used colloquially. Some of them use Leliwa coat of arms, see also pl:Morsztyn Hrabia. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Hieronim Morsztyn (ca.1581-1623), Polish poet

Izabela Elżbieta Morsztyn (1671–1756), Polish noblewoman

Jan Andrzej Morsztyn (1621–1693), Polish poet, starosta of Zawichost, Tymbark and Kowal

Krzysztof Morsztyn Jr. (c.1580 – 1642), Polish nobleman, educator, starosta of Filipów and Przewałka

Krzysztof Morsztyn Sr. (1522–1600), founder of the Polish Brethren community in Filipów

Zbigniew Morsztyn (1627–1689), Polish poet

Polish Brethren
The Polish Brethren (Polish: Bracia Polscy) were members of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland, a nontrinitarian Protestant church that existed in Poland from 1565 to 1658. By those on the outside, they were called "Arians" or "Socinians" (Polish: arianie, socynianie), but themselves preferred simply to be called "Brethren" or "Christians" (and, after their expulsion from Poland, "Unitarians").
European Brewery Convention
The European Brewery Convention (EBC) is an organisation representing the technical and scientific interests of the brewing sector in Europe. The EBC defines itself as the scientific and technological arm of The Brewers of Europe. Among brewers, EBC is perhaps best known for the EBC units measuring beer and wort colour, as well as EBC units for quantifying turbidity (also known as haze) in beer. Equally, the EBC congress is recognised globally as a significant meeting event for the world's brewing, malting and beer fermentation scientists and technologists, taking place every two years.

Turbidity
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of both water clarity and water quality.

Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom of the container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Turbidity (or haze) is also applied to transparent solids such as glass or plastic. In plastic production, haze is defined as the percentage of light that is deflected more than 2.5° from the incoming light direction.
Agriophara cremnopis
Agriophara cremnopis is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1894. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are black, with two fine irregular, hardly perceptible, blacker lines, anteriorly edged with a few whitish scales. There is a row of black dots from below the middle of the costa, continued in a curve around to the anal angle, the anterior three edged anteriorly somewhat with whitish. A row of very small whitish dots on the costa from the middle to the middle of hindmargin, obscured on the hindmargin. The hindwings are grey, suffused with pale fuscous posteriorly.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
The Stables Recording Studio
The Stables Recording Studio was the original name of the recording studio now known as Red Moon Studios, located in Australia's Macedon Ranges. It was originally owned by Evermore front man Jon Hume) and was designed and built for the recording of Evermore's albums but has since been used by many other artists.

Artists such as Lisa Mitchell, Amy Meredith, Alpine, Karise Eden, Clubfeet, Shannon Noll, Celia Pavey, Matt Corby, Lakyn Heperi, Adam Martin, Snakadaktal, Tina Arena, Delta Goodrem, Little Sea, Kaity Dunstan & Sticky Fingers have also written and recorded there.

In 2017, the studio was sold to Australian producer/composer Jan Skubiszewski and his wife, who re-branded it Red Moon Studios.

Jon Hume
Jon Cobbe Hume (born Jonathan Daniel Cobbe) is an Australian-born New Zealand musician, songwriter and producer based between Los Angeles and Nashville. He has written and produced songs for JP Cooper, Galantis, Bebe Rexha, Guy Sebastian, Sofi Tukker, Dean Lewis, Icona Pop, Elle King, Joshua Bassett, Wilder Woods and Zhu. He is also known as the eldest of three brothers (with Peter and Dann Hume) who made up the New Zealand band Evermore (1999–2014), of which he was the lead singer.

In 2019 Hume and Lewis were acknowledged by APRA AMCOS for co-writing "Be Alright" when it was added to their billion streams list. At the APRA Music Awards of 2023, Hume won Most Performed Alternative Work for co-writing "Hurtless" with Lewis; it was also nominated for Most Performed Australian Work. Hume's song "Don't Forget" featured as the theme song for the second, third and fourth seasons of Welcome to Wrexham.