hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Oesau
Walter "Gulle" Oesau (28 June 1913 – 11 May 1944) was a German fighter pilot during World War II. A fighter ace, he served in the Luftwaffe from 1934 until his death in 1944. He rose to command Jagdgeschwader 1, which was named in his honor after his death.

He served with the Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War with the Jagdgruppe 88. He claimed nine aircraft during the campaign, becoming one of only 28 people to earn the award of the Spanish Cross in Gold and Diamonds.

At the start of World War II, Oesau was given command of a fighter group within Jagdgeschwader 20. The group took part in the Invasion of Poland, later moving to the Western Front as the redesignated III Gruppe, Jagdgeschwader 51. Oesau operated on both the Western and Eastern Fronts.

He returned to operations as commander of Jagdgeschwader 1. He was killed in action on 11 May 1944 aged 30. JG 1 was given the name "Oesau" in his honor.

Medalla de la Campaña
The Medal for the Campaign (Spanish: Medalla de la Campaña) was a Spanish military decoration of 1936 to 1939. The medal was established in 1937 and awarded to those who fought on the Nationalist side during the Spanish Civil War. It was awarded to military personnel of any rank who actively intervened in operations or served in the line of fire.
Norm Gardner
Norman "Norm" Gardner (born February 13, 1938) is a politician and administrator in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  He is a former North York and Toronto City Councillor, serving most recently as chair of the Toronto Police Services Board (1998–2003). He was subsequently chair of the board of the Mackenzie Institute for several years.

Toronto City Council
Toronto City Council is the governing body of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario. Meeting at Toronto City Hall, it comprises 25 city councillors and the mayor of Toronto. The current term began on November 15, 2022.
MYOB (football)
Mind Your Own Business commonly known as MYOB, was a Surinamese football club based in Paramaribo that played in the Surinamese Hoofdklasse, the highest level of football in Suriname. The club played their home games on the Mr. Bronsplein. The club was founded on 7 February 1927, and were one of the first registered football clubs in Suriname, and one of the stronger teams in the country prior to the War. In 1950 the team changed its name to SV Remo.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Sevilay Öztürk
Sevilay Öztürk (born 28 November 2003) is a Turkish Paralympic swimmer. She competes in the disability category of S5 in freestyle, backstroke and butterfly, specializing in sprint events. She competed in the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Fine harness
Fine harness is a type of driving competition seen at horse shows, that features showy horses with high action. It is the driving equivalent to the ridden park horse style and is sometimes called park harness. Breeds that compete in this style include American Saddlebred, Morgan, Arabian, Dutch Harness Horse, Hackney horse, Hackney pony, Welsh, and American Shetland.

The harness used is a light, breastplate type without a horse collar. In this type of design, the horse rides forward against the breastplate, while still retaining a crupper.  The cart used is generally a light, four-wheeled design.   Drivers wear formal attire.

Hackney horse
The Hackney is a recognized breed of horse that was developed in Great Britain. In recent decades, the breeding of the Hackney has been directed toward producing horses that are ideal for carriage driving. They are an elegant high stepping breed of carriage horse that is popular for showing in harness events. Hackneys possess good stamina, and are capable of trotting at high speed for extended periods of time.
Khayyam gas field
The Khayyam gas field is an Iranian natural gas field that was discovered in 2011. It began production in 2011 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Khayyam gas field are around 9.8 trillion cubic feet (278 billion m3) and production is slated to be around 840 million cubic feet/day (24 million m3).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Askarovo
Askarovo (Russian: Аскарово) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Askarovo, Abzelilovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Abzelilovsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Askarovo, Burzyansky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Burzyansky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Askarovo, Kurgan Oblast, a village in Kurgan Oblast

Askarovo, Orenburg Oblast, a village in Orenburg Oblast

Abzelilovsky District
Abzelilovsky District (Russian: Абзели́ловский райо́н; Bashkir: Әбйәлил районы, Äbyälil rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic, bordered by Chelyabinsk Oblast to the east. The area of the district is 4,288 square kilometers (1,656 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Askarovo. As of the 2021 Russian census, Abzelilovsky District has a population of 45,300.
Murder of Yingying Zhang
On June 9, 2017, Yingying Zhang, a visiting Chinese scholar at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, was abducted by Brendt Allen Christensen, a Champaign resident and former physics graduate student at the university. Christensen, who investigators claimed aspired to be a serial killer, lured Zhang into his car at a bus stop on campus posing as a police officer with the promise of a ride after she missed a bus, but then took her to his apartment where he raped and murdered her.

On June 30, 2017, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arrested and charged Christensen in federal court. Christensen was tried and convicted of one count of kidnapping resulting in death and two counts of making false statements to agents of the FBI, but the jury deadlocked on whether or not to impose the death penalty. Christensen was thus sentenced on July 18, 2019, to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole plus 10 years.

Hung jury
A hung jury, also called a deadlocked jury, is a judicial jury that cannot agree upon a verdict after extended deliberation and is unable to reach the required unanimity or supermajority. A hung jury may result in the case being tried again.

This situation can occur only in common law legal systems. Civil law systems either do not use juries at all or provide that the defendant is immediately acquitted if the majority or supermajority required for conviction is not reached during a singular, solemn vote.
St. Mary Congregational Church
St. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877.

The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower.  The tower is three-stage and square.

Rev. Kevin M. A. Williams, Sr. is the pastor.

Vermilion Parish, Louisiana
Vermilion Parish (French: Paroisse de Vermillion) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana, created in 1844. The parish seat is Abbeville. Vermilion Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan statistical area, and located in southern Acadiana. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 57,359.

In the past several decades, much of the southern portion of the parish has been swept away by water erosion, especially after Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita in 2005.
W. H. Allen House
The W. H. Allen House is a historic house in rural Columbia County, Arkansas.  It is a single-story house whose main block is a four-room dogtrot house built in 1873 by one of the area's first American settlers, Walter Howard Allen.  This main block measures 28 feet (8.5 m) in depth and 42 feet (13 m) in width, and was built from logs hauled to the site from Camden.  The house was enlarged by Allen's son in 1907, and has been little altered since.  The road it is located on (County Road 40) was once the main road between Magnolia and El Dorado.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1976.

Camden, Arkansas
Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The city is located about 100 miles south of Little Rock. Situated on bluffs overlooking the Ouachita River, the city developed because of the river.

The recorded history began in 1782 when a Spanish military post was established on the site of an old French trading post called Écore à Fabri. When Ouachita County was formed in 1842, American settlers changed the name to Camden. The city became an important port during the steamboat era when Camden became known as the “Queen City” of the Ouachita. In 1864, Camden became the unintended focus of the Red River Campaign, a major Civil War effort resulting in several significant battles.

In 2020, Camden had a population of 10,612, down from its 2010 population of 12,183. Camden is the principal city of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Ouachita and Calhoun counties.
Bukowie, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Bukowie [buˈkɔvjɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kunów, within Ostrowiec County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Kunów, 10 km (6 mi) west of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, and 46 km (29 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Kunów
Kunów [ˈkunuf] ⓘ is a town in Ostrowiec County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,153 inhabitants (2004). It lies in Lesser Poland, on the Kamienna river, 8 kilometres (5 miles) northwest of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski.
Ednaswap (album)
Ednaswap is the first album by Los Angeles band Ednaswap, released in 1995 by East West Records.

Natalie Imbruglia covered the song "Torn" for her 1997 debut album Left of the Middle. Sinéad O'Connor covered the song "The State I'm In" for her 2000 album Faith and Courage.  American-Norwegian singer Trine Rein covered both songs for her 1996 album Beneath My Skin.

Ednaswap
Ednaswap was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, founded in 1993 and disbanded around 1998. Over a span of five years, the band released three albums and an EP through major label records East West, Elektra Records and Island Records.

The band is best known for the song "Torn", which was written by band members Scott Cutler and Anne Preven together with English musician Phil Thornalley, and first recorded by Danish artist Lis Sørensen. It later appeared on Ednaswap's debut album and has been covered many times since then, by artists such as Trine Rein, Natalie Imbruglia, Matt Hall, Tori Amos, Hands Like Houses, Neck Deep, One Direction, and Phoebe Bridgers.
The Castle of Andalusia
The Castle of Andalusia is a 1782 comic opera by Samuel Arnold and a libretto by John O'Keeffe. It was a heavily rewritten version of the 1781 work The Banditti, which had been a failure.

After its first performance on 2 November 1782, the original run saw the work performed thirty-nine times, and it was revived on several occasions until 1817. It became a popular play for amateur dramatics and was performed by the Kilkenny players, including many of the elite, with the writer Thomas Moore appearing several times in the role of Spado.

Samuel Arnold (composer)
Samuel Arnold (10 August 1740 – 22 October 1802) was an English composer and organist.

Arnold was born in London (his mother is said to have been Princess Amelia; his father was Thomas Arnold). He began writing music for the theatre in about the year 1764. A few years later, he became the director of music at Marylebone Gardens, for which he wrote much of his popular music. In 1777, he worked for George Colman the Elder at the Little Theatre, Haymarket. In 1783, he became organist at the Chapel Royal and in 1793 he became the organist at Westminster Abbey, where he was eventually buried. He also wrote the earliest version of Humpty Dumpty. He was a close friend and associate of Haydn.
Dress of the Year
The Dress of the Year is an annual fashion award run by the Fashion Museum, Bath since 1963. Each year since 1963, the Museum has asked a fashion journalist to select a dress or outfit that best represents the most important new ideas in contemporary fashion. For 2010 the Museum broke with tradition by asking the milliner Stephen Jones, rather than a journalist, to choose an outfit; and again in 2014 when the fashion blogger, Susanna Lau of Style Bubble, was asked to choose an outfit for 2013. The outfit is then donated to the Fashion Museum along with an Adel Rootstein mannequin to represent that year's total look.

Adel Rootstein
Adel Rootstein (married name Adel Hopkins; Russian: Адель Рутштейн; 15 September 1930 – 20 September 1992) was a South African-born British mannequin designer, visual merchandiser and founder of the Adel Rootstein mannequin company.
Caligus infestans
Caligus infestans is a species of sea louse in the family, Caligidae, first described by Camill Heller in 1865.

In Australia it is found as an ecto-parasite (a parasite living on the outside of its host)  of fishes at depths of 200 metres in the following IMCRA zones - Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), and the Northeast Shelf Transition - that is, in seas off the north east coast of Australia.

A search of the Smithsonian Invertebrates Collection reveals they have also been found off:

the Greater Sunda Islands (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180506

Phuket (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180517

Indian Ocean (host - Scomberomorus commerson) USNM 180518

and Madagascar and Mozambique (all with the same host).

Northeast Shelf Transition
The Northeast Shelf Transition is a biogeographic region of Australia's coastal and continental shelf waters. It includes the tropical coastal waters of the northern Great Barrier Reef and the Torres Strait in northeastern-most Australia. It is a provincial level bioregion in the Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA) system. It corresponds to the Torres Strait and Northern Great Barrier Reef marine ecoregion in the WWF's Marine Ecoregions of the World system.
Moritz Billecard
Maurice (Moritz) Billecard (3 August 1876, in Lure – 8 December 1940) was a French chess master.

He tied for 7-8th at Paris 1896 (Dawid Janowski won), tied for 14-15th at Munich 1900 (the 12th DSB Congress, Géza Maróczy, Harry Pillsbury and Carl Schlechter won), took 4th at Paris 1901 (Quadrangular, Adolf Albin and Stanislaus Sittenfeld won), withdrew from the 1902 Monte Carlo chess tournament, and took 20th in the Ostend 1907 chess tournament (Masters' Tournament, Ossip Bernstein and Akiba Rubinstein won).

He lived in Algeria.

Géza Maróczy
Géza Maróczy  (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmɒroːt͡si ˈɡeːzɒ]; 3 March 1870 – 29 May 1951) was a Hungarian chess player, one of the leading players in the world in his time. He was one of the inaugural recipients of the International Grandmaster title from FIDE in 1950.
Tetracis cachexiata
Tetracis cachexiata, the white slant-line or white slaut, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1858. It is found in North America from Nova Scotia to central British Columbia, south to northern Florida and west to Montana and northern Colorado.

The length of the forewings 19–26 mm. Adults are on wing from May to early July.

The larvae feed on various plants including Alnus, Betula, Prunus, Salix, Tilia, Ulmus, Viburnum, Abies, Larix, Pinus, and Tsuga species.

Tilia
Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are known as linden or lime for the European and Asian species, and linden or basswood for North American species and more generally in American literature. The greatest species diversity is found in Asia, but the genus also occurs widely in Europe and eastern North America. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae.

Tilia is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of Tilia species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners.
Arrondissement of Guebwiller
The arrondissement of Guebwiller is a former arrondissement of France in the Haut-Rhin department in the Alsace region. In 2015 it was disbanded, and most of its communes were assigned to the new arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller, some to the arrondissement of Mulhouse. It had 47 communes, and its population was 84,231 (2012).

Arrondissements of France
An arrondissement (English: /əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is the third level of administrative division in France generally corresponding to the territory overseen by a subprefect. As of 2023, the 101 French departments are divided into 333 arrondissements (including 13 overseas).

The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. When an arrondissement contains the prefecture (capital) of the department, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The term arrondissement can be roughly translated into English as district.

Some municipalities in Quebec are divided into arrondissements, reflecting the province’s historical link to New France.
Probasco-Dittmar Farmstead
The Probasco-Dittmar Farmstead, also known as Duck Hollow Farm since the 1950s, is a historic farmstead in Colts Neck Township, in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The farmstead consists of the main dwelling house and 16 outbuildings, 4 of which are historic while the remainder were added between the 1950s through the 1990s, and are not considered to be contributing properties. The farm complex showcases Dutch influence and slavery in colonial New Jersey farm life. The house is one of only a few remaining eighteenth century houses in Monmouth County that have a two-story, heavy timber Dutch frame. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since February 1, 2006.

Poultry farming
Poultry farming is the form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers.  More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called broilers.

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the UK, the national organization is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).
Semillitas
Semillitas is an American Spanish-language children’s pay television channel, owned by the media company SomosTV, headed by Luis Villanueva (President & CEO of SOMOS Group). The channel targets children 0–10 years of age with the objective of preserving Hispanic cultural roots and language through entertaining and violence-free programming, specifically animation and is distributed in a format without traditional television advertisement. Semillitas, produced in High Definition, programs animation in Spanish 24-hours a day, with closed captioning and video description, utilizing Standard Spanish dialogue.

Standard Spanish
Standard Spanish, also called the norma culta, 'cultivated norm', refers to the standard, or codified, variety of the Spanish language, which most writing and formal speech in Spanish tends to reflect. This standard, like other standard languages, tends to reflect the norms of upper-class, educated speech.
There is variation within this standard such that one may speak of the Mexican, Latin American, Peninsular (or European), and Rioplatense standards, in addition to the standard forms developed by international organizations and multinational companies.
Georgetown, South Australia
Georgetown is a town in the Mid North region of South Australia. The town is in the Northern Areas Council, 196 kilometres (122 mi) north of the state capital, Adelaide on the Horrocks Highway (Main North Road).

Georgetown was one of the first towns to be surveyed in the upper Mid North when the Strangways Act was passed in 1869 to authorise resumption of pastoral leases to enable closer settlement for more intensive farming purposes. It was surveyed in 1869, along with Redhill. It was the seat of the District Council of Georgetown from 1876 to 1988, but following two successive amalgamations with neighbouring councils, it is now part of the Northern Areas Council.

A Catholic chapel was opened in 1872.

Georgetown was on the Gladstone railway line from Adelaide. This was constructed in 1894 as 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow gauge. It was converted to 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) broad gauge in 1927 and closed in 1988.

Horrocks Highway
Horrocks Highway (formerly known as Main North Road) is a major north–south arterial route through regional South Australia, between Quorn in the Flinders Ranges, and Gawler, on the north-eastern fringe of suburban Adelaide.