hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joan Fageda
Joan Fageda Aubert ((Spanish: Juan; Olot, Catalonia, Spain, 20 January 1937) is a Spanish politician based in Mallorca in the People's Party. He was the mayor of Palma de Mallorca from 1991 to 2003.

He is now a senator in the Spanish senate.

Palma de Mallorca
Palma, also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983–1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. With a population of 438,234 as of 2024, it is the 8th-largest city in Spain.

The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is part of the municipality.
Château de Saint-Just
The Château de Saint-Just is a Renaissance castle with a park located in the Commune of Saint-Just near the town of Vernon in the Eure Department, in the region of upper Normandy, France.  It was classified as an historic monument of France in 1995.  The park is classified by the Committee of Parks and Gardens of the French Ministry of Culture as one of the Remarkable Gardens of France.   The park is open to the public on certain hours from June first until August 1.

Eure
Eure (/ɜːr/ UR; French pronunciation: [œʁ]; Norman: Eure or Eûre) is a department in the administrative region of Normandy, northwestern France, named after the river Eure. Its prefecture is Évreux. In 2021, Eure had a population of 598,934.
Richard Whitworth
Richard Whitworth (c. 1734–1811) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1780.

Whitworth was the son of Richard Whitworth of Adbaston, Staffordshire. He was educated at Eton College and was admitted at Trinity College, Cambridge on 18 May 1752, aged 18. He was High Sheriff of Staffordshire in 1758–9. In 1766 he published a book advocating inland navigation.

Whitworth contested Stafford in 1768  on his own interest. He was against powerful opponents Lord Chetwynd and Hugo Meynell but managed to top the poll. In his first session in Parliament he made over 100 interventions in debate. He was re-elected unopposed at the 1774 general election. However he was defeated in the 1780 general election  and did not stand again.

Whitmore died in September 1811, aged 77.

1774 British general election
The 1774 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Lord North's government was returned with a large majority. The opposition consisted of factions supporting the Marquess of Rockingham and William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, both of whom referred to themselves as Whigs. North's opponents referred to his supporters as Tories, but no Tory party existed at the time and his supporters rejected the label.
2024 Hangzhou Open – Singles
Marin Čilić defeated Zhang Zhizhen in the final, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–5) to win the inaugural singles tennis title at the 2024 Hangzhou Open. He saved two match points (in the quarterfinals against Yasutaka Uchiyama) en route to his 21st career ATP Tour singles title, and his first since the 2021 St. Petersburg Open.

Ranked as the world No. 777, Čilić became the lowest-ranked player to win an ATP Tour singles title, and the second-lowest ranked player to reach an ATP Tour final since the introduction of the ATP rankings in 1973, after Raemon Sluiter (ranked No. 866) at the 2009 Rosmalen Open.

Mitchell Krueger
Mitchell Krueger (born January 12, 1994) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 135, achieved on 18 July 2022 and a doubles ranking of No. 173, achieved on 27 April 2015.
Brazilian ship Apa
At least two ships of the Brazilian Navy have borne the name Apa

Brazilian destroyer Apa, an Acre-class destroyer launched in 1945 and stricken in 1964

Brazilian corvette Apa, an Amazonas-class corvette launched in 2010 as Scarborough for the Trinidad and Tobago Coastguard she was acquired by Brazil in 2012

Brazilian offshore patrol vessel Apa
Apa (P121) is a Amazonas-class offshore patrol vessel currently operated by the Brazilian Navy. She was originally named Scarborough (CG51) while she was being built for the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard.
Nationalism and gender
Scholarship on nationalism and gender explores the processes by which gender affects and is impacted by the development of nationalism. Sometimes referred to as "gendered nationalism," gender and nationalism describes the phenomena whereby conceptions of the state or nation, including notions of citizenship, sovereignty, or national identity contribute to or arise in relation to gender roles.

Heteronationalism
The term heteronationalism refers to the ideological articulation between nationalism and heteronormativity, through which heterosexuality and traditional sexual values are used as markers of belonging, cohesion, and national pride, as well as criteria of superiority over other nations, cultures, or social groups.

The concept has been used to describe how certain nationalist discourses rely on homophobia and heteronormativity to define the features of national identity, usually in opposition to liberal policies that are associated with the Western world.

In heteronationalist discourses, LGBTI people are often portrayed as groups whose belonging and loyalty to the nation are called into question, since they are linked to values considered imported or decadent. Within this framework, they are frequently represented as internal vectors of an external influence perceived as a threat to the moral, cultural, or demographic integrity of the nation.
Fergus (novel)
Fergus, a novel by Northern Irish-Canadian writer Brian Moore, was published in 1970, in the United States by Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
It tells the story of Fergus Fadden, a 39-year-old Irish-born writer living in California, who is haunted by ghosts from his past, including that of his father.

Moore's biographer, Patricia Craig, described it as "wholly original, and singularly diverting". Jo O'Donoghue says that, in Fergus, "Moore carries the theme of family influence to an extreme conclusion". George Woodcock, reviewing the novel for the quarterly journal Canadian Literature, said: "Fergus's nightmare is never less than convincing. The novel that bears his name is a masterpiece of the best kind of fantasy".

Holt McDougal
Holt McDougal is an American publishing company, a division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, that specializes in textbooks for use in high schools.

The Holt name is derived from that of U.S. publisher Henry Holt (1840–1926), co-founder of the earliest ancestor business, but Holt McDougal is distinct from contemporary Henry Holt and Company, which claims the history from 1866. The companies publish different kinds of books.
Transmetalation
Transmetalation (alt. spelling: transmetallation) is a type of organometallic reaction that involves the transfer of ligands from one metal to another. It has the general form:

M1–R + M2–R′ → M1–R′ + M2–R

where R and R′ can be, but are not limited to, an alkyl, aryl, alkynyl, allyl, halogen, or pseudohalogen group. The reaction is usually an irreversible process due to thermodynamic and kinetic reasons. Thermodynamics will favor the reaction based on the electronegativities of the metals and kinetics will favor the reaction if there are empty orbitals on both metals. There are different types of transmetalation including redox-transmetalation and redox-transmetalation/ligand exchange. During transmetalation the metal-carbon bond is activated, leading to the formation of new metal-carbon bonds. Transmetalation is commonly used in catalysis, synthesis of main group complexes, and synthesis of transition metal complexes.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Maximus (bishop of Constance)
Maximus was the first Bishop of Constance at the end of the 6th century. The bishopric was founded c.585-590 through Pope Gregory I to evangelise the Alemanni. This was a re-foundation of the Bishopric of Vindonissa or Windisch-Konstanz previously held by Bubulcus, Cromatius and Ursinus.

Vindonissa
Vindonissa (from a Gaulish toponym in  *windo- "white") was a Roman legion camp, vicus and later a bishop's seat at modern Windisch, Switzerland. The remains of the camp are listed as a heritage site of national significance.  The city of Brugg hosts a small Roman museum, displaying finds from the legion camp.
Piazza al Serchio railway station
Piazza al Serchio railway station (Italian: Stazione di Piazza al Serchio) is a railway station located in the Tuscany region of central Italy serving the comune of Piazza al Serchio. The station is located in the lower part of the village at an altitude of just under 500 m. It was opened on 21 April 1940.

The station forms part of the Lucca–Aulla railway and is served exclusively by regional trains operated by Trenitalia, whilst the station itself is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), both of which are subsidiaries of Italy's state-owned rail company Ferrovie dello Stato (FS).

In memory of the steam locomotives that formerly operated on the Lucca–Aulla railway, an FS Class 940 locomotive is preserved at the station as a monument. A 15 m turntable that was used to rotate the steam locomotives is also still visible at the site.

Trenitalia
Trenitalia SpA is the primary train operator of Italy, which was established in 2000. A subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, itself owned by the Italian government, it was established following a European Union directive on the deregulation of rail transport. The company operates both regional and long-distance trains. It also operates or operated in the past through ownerships, subsidiary companies, or partnerships in France, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Among the company's high-speed train are Frecciarossa, Frecciargento, Frecciabianca, InterCity, and InterCity Notte. In 2024, Trenitalia was recognized as the best rail passenger operator in Europe.
Alexander Scrymgeour (died 1306)
Sir Alexander Scrymgeour (died 4 August 1306) was a Scottish knight who took part in the War of Scottish Independence, as a supporter of Robert de Brus. He was constable of Dundee and Scottish standard bearer who was captured and later executed by the English in 1306.

First War of Scottish Independence
The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between England and Scotland. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328. De facto independence was established in 1314 following an English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn. The wars were caused by the attempts of the English kings to seize territory by claiming sovereignty over Scotland, while the Scots fought to keep both English rule and authority out of Scotland.

The First War of Scottish Independence should not be viewed in isolation from the Gascon War and Franco-Flemish War since Philip IV of France and Edward I of England sought allies in Scotland and Flanders as part of their initial conflict. John Balliol of Scotland allied himself with Philip IV of France in 1295 whilst Guy, Count of Flanders allied himself with Edward I of England.
Raduń, Gryfice County
Raduń [ˈraduɲ] (German: Radduhn) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gryfice, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Gryfice and 75 km (47 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Before 1637 the area was part of Duchy of Pomerania. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania and History of Gryfice.

The settlement has a population of 116.

Gryfice County
Gryfice County (Polish: powiat gryficki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Gryfice, which lies 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Trzebiatów, lying 17 km (11 mi) north of Gryfice, and Płoty, 13 km (8 mi) south of Gryfice.

The county covers an area of 1,018.19 square kilometres (393.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 60,773, out of which the population of Gryfice is 16,702, that of Trzebiatów is 10,113, that of Płoty is 4,142, and the rural population is 29,816.
Philip Sunshine
Philip Sunshine (June 16, 1930 – April 5, 2025) was an American physician and pioneer in the field of neonatology. He had an endowed professorship named after him at Stanford University. Sunshine was awarded the American Academy of Pediatrics' Virginia Apgar award in 2001. Sunshine died on April 5, 2025, at the age of 94.

American Academy of Pediatrics
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is the largest professional association of pediatricians in the United States.  It is headquartered in Itasca, Illinois, and maintains an office in Washington, D.C. The AAP has published hundreds of policy statements, ranging from advocacy issues to practice recommendations.
Guillermo Stevens
Guillermo Stevens Sierra (born 22 April 1960) is a Mexican tennis coach and former professional player. He is also known by his nickname "Memo".

Stevens was a collegiate tennis player for UT Austin prior to joining the professional tour, where he attained a career high ranking of 302 in the world. He was runner-up at the inaugural San Luis Potosí Challenger in 1980, qualified for the main draw of the 1982 Bordeaux Open and featured in the qualifiers for the 1983 Wimbledon Championships.

1983 Wimbledon Championships
The 1983 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in the United Kingdom. It was the 97th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 20 June to 3 July 1983.
2016 Missouri Secretary of State election
The 2016 Missouri Secretary of State election was held on November 8, 2016, to elect the Missouri Secretary of State, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate and those to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Incumbent Democratic secretary of state Jason Kander did not run for re-election to a second term in office and instead unsuccessfully ran in that year's U.S. Senate election for the seat held by Republican incumbent Roy Blunt.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.
SS Oceana (1887)
SS Oceana was a P&O passenger liner and cargo vessel, launched in 1887 by Harland & Wolff of Belfast and completed in 1888. Originally assigned to carry passengers and mail between London and Australia, she was later assigned to routes between London and British India. On 16 March 1912 the ship collided in the Strait of Dover with the Pisagua, a 2,850 GRT German-registered four-masted steel-hulled barque. As a result Oceana sank off Beachy Head on the East Sussex coast, with the loss of 17 lives.

Port of London
The Port of London is that part of the River Thames in England lying between Teddington Lock and the defined boundary (since 1968, a line drawn from Foulness Point in Essex via Gunfleet Old Lighthouse to Warden Point in Kent) with the North Sea and including any associated docks. Once the largest port in the world, it was the United Kingdom's largest port as of 2020. Usage is largely governed by the Port of London Authority ("PLA"), a public trust established in 1908; while mainly responsible for coordination and enforcement of activities, it also has some minor operations of its own.

The port can handle cruise liners, roll-on roll-off ferries and cargo of all types at the larger facilities in its eastern extent. As with many similar historic European ports, such as Antwerp and Rotterdam, many activities have steadily moved downstream towards the open sea as ships have grown larger and the land upriver taken over for other uses.
Balladz
Balladz is a 2022 poetry collection by Sharon Olds, published by Knopf. The book was a finalist for the 2022 National Book Award for Poetry and the Griffin Poetry Prize. It was also shortlisted for the T. S. Eliot Prize.

Griffin Poetry Prize
The Griffin Poetry Prize is a Canadian poetry award. It was founded in 2000 by businessman and philanthropist Scott Griffin.

Before 2022, two separate awards went to one Canadian and one international poet who writes in the English language. In 2022, the two awards were consolidated into a single international prize of CAD$130,000. Shortlisted poets are awarded CAD$10,000, and a Lifetime Recognition Award comes with an award of CAD$25,000.

Concurrently with the merger, the Griffin Poetry Prize also introduced a juried Canadian First Book Prize to honor the year's best debut book by a Canadian poet.
Kristian Gjessing
Kristian Gjessing (born 15 January 1978) is a Danish former handball player. During his career he played for multiple Danish Handball League sides, including AaB Håndbold, HC Midtjylland and Skjern Håndbold. He has also previously played for Spanish side BM Altea.

Gjessing made 52 appearances for the Danish national handball team.

He ended his career in 2017.

Skjern Håndbold
Skjern Handball (Danish: Skjern Håndbold)  is a handball club from Skjern, Denmark. Currently, Skjern Handball competes in the Danish Handball League, which they have won twice, in 1999 and in 2018.  They have also achieved international success, by winning the EHF Challenge Cup twice, in 2002 and 2003. The home arena of Skjern Håndbold is Skjern Bank Arena. This handball club has developed several professional handball players such as Kasper Søndergaard, Jesper Jensen, and Claus Møller Jakobsen.
Włodzimierz, Łask County
Włodzimierz [vwɔˈd͡ʑimjɛʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wodzierady, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Wodzierady, 14 km (9 mi) north of Łask, and 22 km (14 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łask County
Łask County (Polish: powiat łaski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łask, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 617.38 square kilometres (238.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,874, out of which the population of Łask is 18,684 and the rural population is 32,190.
Veronica brownii
Veronica brownii is a plant belonging to the family Plantaginaceae native to New South Wales in Australia, where it is restricted to the Blue Mountains. It has arching branches with variable shaped leaves and lilac flowers in spring and summer.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Tranearth Group
The Tranearth Group is a Silurian lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in the southern Lake District and Howgill Fells of the Pennines of northern England. The name is derived from the locality of Tranearth near Torver in Cumbria. The Group is included within the Windermere Supergroup. It comprises laminated hemipelagites and siltstones and some sandstones and limestone which achieve a thickness of between 500 and 1,000 m (1,600 and 3,300 ft). It is divided into a lower Brathay Formation which is overlain by the Birk Riggs Formation (not present in the Howgills) and then by an upper Coldwell Formation.

Torver
Torver is a village and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness Unitary Authority of Cumbria, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) south west of the village of Coniston and 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Coniston Water.

Farming has always played an important part in Torver's history, though slate mining increased when the Coniston branch of the Furness Railway was opened in the 19th century (it subsequently closed in 1958). Nowadays, the hamlet remains a starting point for many walks around the Duddon Valley and Coniston Water, an area popularised by William Wordsworth.
Anegcephalesis
Anegcephalesis is a genus of snout moths described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1917.

It contains the species A. arctella described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887. It is found in North America, with a wingspan about 23 mm.

The genus also contains Anegcephalesis cathaeretes.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
American Handgunner
American Handgunner was a magazine dedicated to handguns, handgun hunting, competition shooting, reloading, tactical knife and other shooting-related activities in the United States. It was a sister publication to Guns and American Cop. The magazine ceased print publication in 2025, with the November/December 2025 issue being the final print issue.

Fighting knife
A  fighting knife has a blade designed to most effectively inflict injury in close-quarters physical confrontations.  The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.

Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.  This singleness of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.  The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.  Since World War I, the fighting knife in military service has gradually evolved into a dual-purpose or "fighting-utility" knife, suited for both knife fighting and utility roles.  As a consequence, the terms "fighting knife" and "tactical knife" are frequently employed interchangeably.