hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poncelet–Steiner theorem
In Euclidean geometry, the Poncelet–Steiner theorem is a result about compass and straightedge constructions with certain restrictions. This result states that whatever can be constructed by straightedge and compass together can be constructed by straightedge alone, provided that a single circle and its centre are given.

This shows that, while a compass can make constructions easier, it is no longer needed once the first circle has been drawn. All constructions thereafter can be performed using only the straightedge, although the arcs of circles themselves cannot be drawn without the compass. This means the compass may be used for aesthetic purposes, but it is not required for the construction itself.

Circular arc
A circular arc is the arc of a circle between a pair of distinct points. If the two points are not directly opposite each other, one of these arcs, the minor arc, subtends an angle at the center of the circle that is less than π radians (180 degrees); and the other arc, the major arc, subtends an angle greater than π radians. The arc of a circle is defined as the part or segment of the circumference of a circle. A straight line that connects the two ends of the arc is known as a chord of a circle. If the length of an arc is exactly half of the circle, it is known as a semicircular arc.
Khatliso Moeketse
Khatliso Mishack Moeketse (born 26 February 1965) is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2004. He gained election narrowly in 1999, standing on the ANC's party list for the Free State. He is also a former chairperson of the ANC Youth League in the Free State.

In 2000, Moeketse and fellow MP John Ncinane became the first politicians implicated in the abuse of parliamentary travel vouchers, in an early precursor to the Travelgate scandal. Moeketse reportedly admitted to a newspaper that he had sold air tickets – paid for by Parliament as work expenses – to friends and their spouses. He was formally reprimanded by the Speaker of the National Assembly, Frene Ginwala, though the reprimand was postponed several times as Moeketse took sick leave.

African National Congress Youth League
The African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) is the youth wing of the African National Congress (ANC). As set out in its constitution, the ANC Youth League is led by a National Executive Committee (NEC) and a National Working Committee (NWC).
Rachel Costello
Rachel Costello is an Irish camogie player who made her senior debut for Dublin in 2009. She represented Dublin at senior, Junior and Minor levels in 2009. With the Naomh Fionnbarra club in Cabra, she won an Intermediate championship title.

She moved to Australia.

Her father Anthony played senior hurling for Dublin and in 2009 scored the winning goal for Naomh Fionnbarra in the Dublin Intermediate championship final when coming on as a substitute.

Naomh Fionnbarra GAA
Naomh Fionnbarra GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in based in Cabra, in the north city area of Dublin. The club was founded in 1945 and has football, hurling and camogie teams. In 2020, the Senior football and hurling team won back to back football and hurling championships in the same year for the first time in their history. In 2024, the senior football team won the football league and were promoted.
Sinnayah Sabapathy
Sinnayah Sabapathy (30 November 1947 – 14 December 2022) was a Malaysian sprinter and coach. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

Sabapathy won the silver medal in the men's 200m at the 1973 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games.

Sabapathy suffered from Alzheimer's disease in later years. He died in Seremban on 14 December 2022, at the age of 75.

Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay
The men's 4 × 400 metres relay was the longer of the two men's relays on the Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics program in Munich.  It was held on 9 September and 10 September 1972.

The United States were heavily favoured in this event.
After the 400 metres final, the IOC banned gold and silver medalists Vince Matthews and Wayne Collett from the Olympics for life after they staged a protest on the podium, talking to each other and failing to stand at attention during the medal ceremony, while the third American in the event, John Smith, had pulled a hamstring as he was leading 80 metres into the final and had been ruled unfit to run.

This left the Americans unable to field a team, and they were forced to scratch, leaving no clear favourite.
Crooked Little Vein
Crooked Little Vein is the first novel by comic book writer Warren Ellis, published by William Morrow on July 24, 2007.

The novel is written in the first-person, similar to much of the hardboiled detective genre. The book was based on research material posted on Ellis' websites, mostly odd news items and disturbing pictures from the web that the author had found or had been sent.

The novel has been translated into Spanish, German, French, Czech, and Italian.

William Morrow and Company
William Morrow and Company is an American publishing company founded by William Morrow in 1926. The company was acquired by Scott Foresman in 1967, sold to Hearst Corporation in 1981, and sold to News Corporation (now News Corp) in 1999. The company is now an imprint of HarperCollins.

William Morrow has published many fiction and non-fiction authors, including Ray Bradbury, Michael Chabon, Beverly Cleary, Neil Gaiman, Erle Stanley Gardner, B. H. Liddell Hart, Elmore Leonard, Steven Levitt, Steven Pinker, Judith Rossner, and Neal Stephenson.

Francis Thayer Hobson was president and later chairman of the board of William Morrow and Company.
Okubay Tsegay
Okubay Tsegay (born 1 January 1986) is an Eritrean long-distance runner. In 2019, he competed in the men's marathon at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He did not finish.

In 2018, he competed in the 2018 Berlin Marathon. He finished in 7th place. He also finished in 7th place in the 2021 Berlin Marathon.

2021 Berlin Marathon
The 2021 Berlin Marathon was a marathon race held on 26 September 2021. It was the 47th edition of the annual Berlin Marathon. It was the first edition of the Berlin Marathon to take place after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019. The 2020 Berlin Marathon was cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The race was the first of the five World Marathon Majors held in 2021; all the events in the series took place in the space of six weeks between late September and early November. The marathon distance is just over 26 miles (42 km) in length and the course is run around the city and starts and finishes in the Tiergarten.

The marathon was won by Guye Adola and Gotytom Gebreslase, both of Ethiopia, in 2:05:45 and 2:20:09, respectively, while the wheelchair race was won by Marcel Hug and Manuela Schär, both of Switzerland, in 1:24:03 and 1:37:31, respectively.
Mickley, Northumberland
Mickley is a cluster of villages in the civil parish of Prudhoe, in Northumberland, England. It lies south of the River Tyne and is accessible via the A695. The electoral ward of Mickley comprises the hamlets of Mickley Square, West Mickley (including Mount Pleasant), High Mickley, plus Cherryburn and Eltringham Farm. The population is a little under one thousand.

The Mickley settlements are served by St George's Church, which was built in 1830. Other facilities in Mickley include a First School, garden centre, two social clubs and a cafe on the A695. There is a public house (The Blue Bell Inn), dating from the 1820s, at Mount Pleasant.

The Mickley area is physically situated on a steep, north-facing hill that reaches 203 metres above sea level on Mickley Moor, where views over to both the Simonside Hills and even the Cheviot Hills are often visible on a clear day.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Cecilia Berkovic
Cecilia Berkovic is a Toronto-based mixed media artist, sculptor and graphic designer.

Berkovic received her MFA from the Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts at Bard College in New York, and has held residencies at the Banff Centre for the Arts in Alberta, Canada, and at the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation. She has been a member of the artist collective Instant Coffee since 2001 and a member of the board of directors at Gallery TPW since 2005.  She has also taught at Ryerson University.  As part of Mercer Union's international project Advertising By Artists, Berkovic's work was published in The Wire, They Shoot Homos Don't They?, Cabinet, and Border Crossings.  Recent work includes poster projects for Nuit Blanche and AIDS Action Now! in Toronto.

Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts
Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts is a graduate program associated with Bard College that grants Master of Fine Arts degrees.

Founded in 1981, Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts (otherwise known as the Bard MFA program) is a nontraditional school for interdisciplinary study in the visual and creative arts. The program takes place over two years and two months, with students residing on campus during three consecutive summers, and two winter sessions of independent study completed off campus. Each summer session runs for eight intensive weeks. Currently ranked as one of ten most influential Master of Fine Arts programs in the world by Artspace Magazine.

The Bard MFA program is one of eight graduate programs at Bard College.
Golpaygani
Golpaygani, Golpayegani (Persian: گلپایگانی) is an Iranian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akbar Golpayegani (1934–2023), Iranian traditional singer

Hashem Bathaie Golpayegani (1941–2020), Iranian Shia Ayatollah

Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani (1919–2022), Iranian Grand Ayatollah

Mohammad Mohammadi Golpayegani (born c. 1943), Chief of Staff of the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran

Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani (1899–1993), Iranian Grand Ayatollah

Mohammad Mohammadi Golpayegani
Gholamhossein Mohammadi (Persian: غلامحسین محمدی; born c. 1943), better known as Mohammad Mohammadi Golpayegani (Persian: محمد محمدی گلپایگانی), is an Iranian Shia Islamic cleric who is the Chief of Staff of the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran (presently Ali Khamenei), and do its related affairs since 1989. Mohammadi Golpayegani who is also famous as "Hujjat al-Islam Golpayegani" was born in 1943 (1322 S.H.) in the city of Golpayegan, in Isfahan province.

His father, Abul Qasim Mohammadi Golpayegani was well known as an Islamic scholar/commentator and likewise the Imam of Friday prayer in Golpayegan. He was among the political warriors against Pahlavi, and also among the audience in the event of attack to Feyziyeh School. Mohammadi Golpayegani is a poet, too, and there have been published poems in his name in the press of Iran. "Persian Gulf" is regarded among his prominent poems that describes it according to his words.
2013 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – Pool A
Group A of the 2013 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group III of the 2013 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group II.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Jolijn van de Wiel
Jolijn van de Wiel (born 21 September 1992) is a Dutch actress. She made her first appearance in the film Hoe overleef ik mezelf? (How to survive myself), where she played the role of the anxious and sensitive Rosa. The film was based on the book series of Francine Oomen, bearing the same title.

Before she made the step to the big screen, Jolijn gained acting experience by playing in several school musicals.

After the summer of 2009, she will be appearing as a guest in the VARA series Kinderen geen bezwaar.

Omroepvereniging VARA
The Omroepvereniging VARA (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔmrupfəˌreːnəɣɪŋ ˈvaːraː]), the VARA Broadcasting Association, was a Dutch public broadcasting association primarily operating in the fields of television, radio, publishing and interactive media. It was a member of Netherlands Public Broadcasting.
Dazkırı District
Dazkırı District is a district of Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town Dazkırı. Its area is 408 km2, and its population is 11,364 (2021). Lake Acıgöl, the second-largest alkaline lake in the world, is largely within this district. On the Denizli side of the lake there are plants extracting sodium sulphate, but the Dazkırı lake-shore is still agricultural. There is also potential for mining chrome and other minerals.

Alkali
In chemistry, an alkali (/ˈælkəlaɪ/ ⓘ; from the Arabic word al-qāly, القالِي) is a basic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0. The adjective alkaline, and less often, alkalescent, is commonly used in English as a synonym for basic, especially for bases soluble in water. This broad use of the term is likely to have come about because alkalis were the first bases known to obey the Arrhenius definition of a base, and they are still among the most common bases.
U.S. Route 6 in Connecticut
U.S. Route 6 (US 6) within the state of Connecticut runs for 116.33 miles (187.21 km) from the New York state line near Danbury to the Rhode Island state line in Killingly. West of Hartford, the route either closely parallels or runs along Interstate 84 (I-84), which has largely supplanted US 6 as a through route in western Connecticut. East of Hartford, US 6 serves as a primary route for travel between Hartford and Providence.

Columbia, Connecticut
Columbia is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 5,272 at the 2020 census. Originally a part of Lebanon, known as the North Society or Lebanon's Crank, Columbia was incorporated in May 1804. The town was named for patriotic reasons after the national symbol "Columbia". Columbia offers pre-kindergarten through eighth grade education in town at Horace W. Porter School, while high school students have a choice of attending four nearby high schools; E. O. Smith High School, Bolton High School, Coventry High School, and Windham Technical High School, part of the Connecticut Technical High School System).
NewDES
In cryptography, NewDES is a symmetric key block cipher. It was created in 1984–1985 by Robert Scott as a potential DES replacement.

Despite its name, it is not derived from DES and has quite a different structure. Its intended niche as a DES replacement has now mostly been filled by AES. The algorithm was revised with a modified key schedule in 1996 to counter a related-key attack; this version is sometimes referred to as NewDES-96.

In 2004, Scott posted some comments on sci.crypt reflecting on the motivation behind NewDES's design and what he might have done differently so as to make the cipher more secure.

Key schedule
In cryptography, the so-called product ciphers are a certain kind of cipher, where the (de-)ciphering of data is typically done as an iteration of rounds.  The setup for each round is generally the same, except for round-specific fixed values called a round constant, and round-specific data derived from the cipher key called a round key.  A key schedule is an algorithm that calculates all the round keys from the key.
Olorotitan
Olorotitan is a monotypic genus of lambeosaurine duck-billed dinosaur, containing a single species, O. arharensis. It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to go extinct during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, having lived from the middle to late Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous period. The remains were found in the Udurchukan Formation beds of Kundur, Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, Eastern Russia, in the vicinity of the Amur River.

Arkharinsky District
Arkharinsky District  (Russian: Архари́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 14,355 square kilometers (5,542 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Arkhara. Population: 17,186 (2010 Census); 21,068 (2002 Census); 27,537 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Arkhara accounts for 55.8% of the district's total population.
Andrei Kokoshin
Andrei Afanasyevich Kokoshin (Russian: Андрей Афанасьевич Кокошин; born October 26, 1945, Moscow) is a Soviet and Russian statesman, political scientist and historian, Americanist; Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; A full Member of the Russian Academy of Rocket and Artillery Sciences, he served as the secretary of the Security Council of Russia and as Deputy to the State Duma of the 3rd, 4th and 5th convocations. He holds the rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Pieńki Henrykowskie
Pieńki Henrykowskie [ˈpjɛɲki xɛnrɨˈkɔfskʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeziny, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Brzeziny and 23 km (14 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Brzeziny, Brzeziny County
Brzeziny ([bʐɛˈʑinɨ]; Yiddish: ברעזין, Brezin) is a town in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, about 20 km (12 mi) east of Łódź. It is the capital of Brzeziny County and has a population of 12,326 as of December 2021. It is situated on the Mrożyca River within the historic Łęczyca Land.
Caecilia nigricans
Caecilia nigricans, commonly known as the Rio Lita caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Caeciliidae. It is a subterranean species located in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. Its natural habitats include moist, subtropical or tropical lowland forests, plantations, rural gardens, and foothill forests. The species is of least concern, as it can be found in several protected areas in Colombia like Darién National Park, however it is still threatened by human activities like deforestation.

Caeciliidae
Caeciliidae is the family of common caecilians.  They are found in Central and South America.  Like other caecilians, they superficially resemble worms or snakes.

Although they are the most diverse of the caecilian families, the caeciliids do have a number of features in common that distinguish them from other caecilians. In particular, their skulls have relatively few bones, with those that are present being fused to form a solid ram to aid in burrowing through the soil. The mouth is recessed beneath the snout, and there is no tail.

Many caeciliids lay their eggs in moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae, which live in seepages in the soil, or in small streams. However, some species lack a larval stage, with the eggs hatching into juveniles with the same form as the adults, or else lack eggs and give birth to live young.
Venance Salvatory Mabeyo
Venance Salvatory Mabeyo, also known as Vicent Mabeyo, is a retired Tanzanian military officer who served as the eighth Defense Forces Chief to lead the Tanzania People's Defense Force (TPDF). He was appointed by President John Magufuli on 6 February 2017. After Magufuli's death in March 2021, Mabeyo played a major role in ensuring a smooth transition of power to the new President, Samia Suluhu Hassan. He retired from the TPDF in June 2022.

Tanzania People's Defence Force
The Tanzania People's Defence Force (TPDF) (Swahili: Jeshi la Ulinzi la Wananchi wa Tanzania) is the military force of the United Republic of Tanzania. It was established in September 1964, following a mutiny by the former colonial military force, the Tanganyika Rifles. From its inception, it was ingrained in the troops of the new TPDF that they were a people's force under civilian control. Unlike some of its neighbouring countries, Tanzania has never suffered a coup d'état or civil war.

The TPDF's mission is to defend Tanzania and every Tanzanian, especially the people and their political ideology. Conscripts are obligated to serve 2 years as of 2004.
Jagdkopf (Zorge)
The Jagdkopf a hill, 603.1 m above sea level (NN) high, in the Harz Mountains of Germany. It is located between the villages of Wieda and Zorge in the unincorporated area of Harz in the district of Göttingen in the state of Lower Saxony.

Zorge, Walkenried
Zorge is a village and a former municipality in the district of Göttingen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 November 2016 it has been part of the municipality of Walkenried. The river Zorge rises in the village.
1933 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1933.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.