hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
D. J. Grothe
Douglas James Grothe (born June 25, 1973) is an American skeptic who has served in leadership roles for both the Center for Inquiry (CFI) and the James Randi Educational Foundation. While he was at CFI, he hosted their Point of Inquiry podcast. After leaving Point of Inquiry he hosted the radio show and podcast For Good Reason. He is particularly interested in the psychology of belief and the steps involved in deception and self-deception. His writing has been published by both Skeptical Inquirer magazine and The Huffington Post. He also co-edited On the Beauty of Science, about the worldview and life's work of the Nobel laureate Herbert Hauptman.

Grothe serves as a board member of The Institute for Science and Human Values.

Herbert A. Hauptman
Herbert Aaron Hauptman (February 14, 1917 – October 23, 2011) was an American mathematician and Nobel laureate. He pioneered and developed a mathematical method that has changed the whole field of chemistry and opened a new era in research in determination of molecular structures of crystallized materials. Today, Hauptman's direct methods, which he continued to improve and refine, are routinely used to solve complicated structures. It was the application of this mathematical method to a wide variety of chemical structures that led the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to name Hauptman and Jerome Karle recipients of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Clap Clap (NiziU song)
"Clap Clap" is a song recorded by Japanese girl group NiziU. It is the group's third maxi single, featuring three other tracks. It was released by Epic Records Japan on July 20, 2022, as the second single from their second studio album Coconut.

Maxi single
A maxi single, maxi-single, or maxi CD (sometimes abbreviated to MCD or CDM) is a music single release with more than the usual two tracks of an A-side song and a B-side song. Maxi singles are often mistaken for extended plays (EPs), especially in the digital era such as the categorization on iTunes, Apple Music, or Spotify. An EP usually consists at least four different "songs" without any specific A-side, while a maxi-single may contain four or more tracks but only in form of remixes to complement one or two songs as the A-side. Billboard considers EPs for albums chart (Billboard 200) and considers maxi-singles for songs chart (Billboard Hot 100).
1956 Memorial Cup
The 1956 Memorial Cup final was the 38th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Toronto Marlboros of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Regina Pats of the Western Canada Junior Hockey League in Western Canada, in a rematch of the 1955 final. In a best-of-seven series, held at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, Ontario, Toronto won their second consecutive Memorial Cup, and third overall, defeating Regina 4 games to 0, with 1 tie.

Abbott Cup
The Abbott Memorial Cup, commonly referred to as the Abbott Cup, was awarded annually from 1919 through 1999 to the Junior "A" ice hockey Champion for Western Canada.

The Cup was named after Captain E.L. (Hick) Abbott who was a noted hockey player in Western Canada.  He captained the Regina Victorias when it won the (pre-Memorial Cup) Junior Championship of Canada in 1913 and 1914. Captain Abbott died in active service in the First World War and the trophy was presented in his memory in 1919 by the Saskatchewan Amateur Hockey Association.

The concept of a Western Canada Junior A Championship was briefly continued from 2013 to 2017 with the creation of the Western Canada Cup.
Negative Population Growth
Negative Population Growth is a non-profit organization in the United States, founded in 1972. It is named after the organization Zero Population Growth, which founder Don Mann believed wasn't going far enough to address his concerns about overpopulation.

NPG advocates for a gradual reduction in U.S. and world population. The organization believes the optimal population for the United States is between 150 and 200 million, while the optimal world population is between two and three billion. To achieve their goal of a smaller U.S. population, NPG promotes policies aimed at reducing the fertility rate in the U.S. to 1.5 births per woman and advocates for reducing immigration to the United States to 100,000 to 200,000 per year, down from the existing level of over 1.5 million per year.

In 2011, NPG claimed that their membership exceeded 25,000, although it is unclear what constituted a member.

Opposition to immigration
Opposition to immigration is a political position that seeks to restrict or ban legal and illegal immigration. In the modern sense, immigration refers to the entry of people from one state or territory into another state or territory in which they are not citizens. Illegal immigration occurs when people immigrate to a country without having official permission to do so. Opposition to immigration ranges from calls for various immigration reforms, to proposals to completely restrict immigration, to calls for repatriation of existing immigrants.
John Marsh (theologian)
The Reverend Professor John Marsh CBE, MA, DPhil (5 November 1904 – 26 January 1994) was a theologian, Congregational (later United Reformed) minister and college principal. He was principal of Mansfield College, Oxford from 1953 to 1970 leading it during its transition to a permanent private hall of the University of Oxford.

Permanent private hall
A permanent private hall (PPH) in the University of Oxford is an educational institution within the University. There are four permanent private halls at Oxford, three of which admit undergraduates. They were founded by different Christian denominations.

Students at PPHs are members of the University of Oxford and have full access to the University's facilities and activities.
Waingmaw Township
Waimaw Township (Burmese: ဝိုင်းမော်မြို့နယ်) (Shan :ဝဵင်းမႂ်ႇ Tai nue:ᥝᥥᥒᥰᥛᥬᥱ เวียงใหม่​)is a township of Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma). The principal town is Waingmaw and other towns are Sadon and Kan Paik Ti.

In January 2017, Waimaw Township was home to two internally displaced persons camps, Zai Awng and Hkau Shau, which were hit by mortar fire.

Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.
Woodbridge, Detroit
Woodbridge is a historic neighborhood of primarily Victorian homes located in Detroit, Michigan. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with later boundary increases in 1997 and 2008. In addition to its historic value, Woodbridge is also notable for being an intact neighborhood of turn-of-the-century homes within walking or biking distance of Detroit's Downtown, Midtown, New Center, and Corktown neighborhoods.

Great Lakes Field Service Council
The Great Lakes Field Service Council was a field service council of the Michigan Crossroads Council, a local council of the Boy Scouts of America. It served the Detroit metropolitan area and covers all of Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties. The council had eight districts, one council service center, and four camp properties.

The Great Lakes Field Service Council was the result of a 2012 merger of nine local councils into a statewide council due to an initiative to reorganize the administrative structure of the Boy Scouts of America.

The Great Lakes Field Service Council was merged into the Eastern Division of the Michigan Crossroads Council in 2020 and as a result the Noquet Lodge #29 was officially merged into the Mishigami Lodge #29. Any references to the Council and/or Lodge are accurate to their final form before their respective mergers.

To find current information about Michigan Crossroads Council or Mishigami Lodge, visit michiganscouting.org or mishigami.org
Mariz Umali
Marie Grace Michelle "Mariz" Bade Umali-Tima (Tagalog: [mɐˈɾis ʊˈmali ˈtimɐ]; born March 4, 1980) is a Filipino television news anchor journalist and host. She is known for being the main newscaster of the weekend edition of GMA News TV's Balitanghali (first aired in Q in 2010 and she is with former co-anchor Jun Veneracion until 2019). She finished broadcast communications course at the University of the Philippines Diliman but she started as a pharmacy student.  She started to work at GMA Network as a researcher and producer of news content for the 2001 Philippine general elections. Besides Balitanghali, she also appeared as host or documentarian in other television shows such as i-Witness, Out of Control and Born to Be Wild. She also appears as one of the host of the Unang Hirit, GMA Network's morning show.

I-Witness
i-Witness, formerly i-Witness: The GMA Documentaries is a Philippine television documentary show broadcast by GMA Network and GMA News TV. Originally hosted by Vicky Morales, Luchi Cruz-Valdes, Mike Enriquez, Cheche Lazaro and Jessica Soho, it premiered on January 18, 1999. Kara David, Howie Severino, Atom Araullo, Mav Gonzales and John Consulta currently serve as the hosts. It is the longest-running documentary show in the Philippines.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Etlingera dalican
Etlingera dalican is a monocotyledonous plant species that was first described by Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer, and was given its current name by Axel Dalberg Poulsen. Etlingera dalican is part of the genus Etlingera, and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Adolph D. E. Elmer
Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer (June 14, 1870 – 1942) was an American botanist and plant collector. He was mostly active in the Philippines, his collections being described as new species by both himself and other botanists. The Japanese sent him into Santo Tomas Internment Camp during the Philippines campaign and he died there.
Jonathan Betz
Jonathan Betz is an American journalist and anchorman for China Global Television Network. He began his television career at WWL-TV in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he rode out Hurricane Katrina from inside the city. For weeks, he remained in New Orleans and was one of the few local reporters to extensively cover the storm.  He later moved on to WFAA-TV in Dallas, Texas, where he was a reporter and fill in anchor. Betz was brought on at Al Jazeera America at the launch of the network. Betz is the weekend evening news anchor for the channel and a weekday fill in anchor. He also does reporting in the field. Since 2017, Betz moved on to CGTN in Beijing, hosting the evening (GMT+8) news programs including The World Today and  The Link.

WWL-TV
WWL-TV (channel 4) is a television station in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, affiliated with CBS. It is owned by Tegna Inc. alongside Slidell-licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate WUPL (channel 54). The two stations share studios on Rampart Street in the historic French Quarter district; WWL-TV's transmitter is located on Cooper Road in Terrytown, Louisiana.

WWL-TV formerly served as the CBS affiliate of record for the Gulf Coast region of Mississippi, until ABC affiliate WLOX (channel 13) in Biloxi launched a CBS-affiliated digital subchannel in 2012.
Stourhead
Stourhead (/ˈstaʊərhɛd/) is a 1,072-hectare (2,650-acre) estate at the source of the River Stour in the southwest of the English county of Wiltshire, extending into Somerset.

The estate is about 4 km (2+1⁄2 mi) northwest of the town of Mere and includes a Grade I listed 18th-century Neo-Palladian mansion, the village of Stourton, one of the most famous gardens in the English landscape garden style, farmland, and woodland. Stourhead has been part-owned by the National Trust since 1946.

Mere, Wiltshire
Mere is a market town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It lies at the extreme southwestern tip of Salisbury Plain, close to the borders of Somerset and Dorset. The parish includes the hamlets of Barrow Street, Burton, Charnage, Limpers Hill, Rook Street and Southbrook.

The A303 trunk road passed through Mere until a bypass was built on the northern edge of the town in 1976. There is an old market square (although markets have not been held for several years), a chiming town clock and a large Grade I listed parish church. The steep slope of Castle Hill rises from the northwestern side of the town.
Simarterivirinae
Simarterivirinae is a subfamily of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrate. The subfamily is in the family Arteriviridae and order Nidovirales. The subfamily contains six genera.

Viral envelope
A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. A viral envelope protein or E protein is a protein in the envelope, which may be acquired by the capsid from an infected host cell.
Ted Paige
Professor Edward George Sydney Paige FRS (18 July 1930 – 20 February 2004), known as Ted Paige, was a British physicist and engineer. His main areas of research were semiconductor devices to improve radar, including work on surface acoustic waves, and optical techniques using programmable phase plates.

Institute of Physics
The Institute of Physics (IOP) is a UK-based not-for-profit learned society and professional body that works to advance physics education, research and application.

It was founded in 1874 and has a worldwide membership of over 20,000. The IOP is the Physical Society for the UK and Ireland and supports physics in education, research and industry. In addition to this, the IOP provides services to its members including careers advice and professional development and grants the professional qualification of Chartered Physicist (CPhys), as well as Chartered Engineer (CEng) as a nominated body of the Engineering Council; it also holds its own separate Royal Charter. The IOP's publishing company, IOP Publishing, publishes 85 academic titles.
Jackie Hinchliffe
John Hinchliffe (born 4 June 1938) is a Scottish former professional footballer who made 206 appearances in the English Football League playing as a right half for Aston Villa, Workington  and Hartlepools United. He also played non-league football for Weymouth, where he played 54 matches in all competitions and scored twice as his team won the 1964–65 Southern Football League title, Netherfield and Durham City. He represented Scotland at schoolboy level.

Hinchliffe was born in 1938 in Tillicoultry, Clackmannanshire.

Clackmannanshire
Clackmannanshire (/klækˈmænənˌʃɪər, -ʃər/ ⓘ; Scots: Clackmannanshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Chlach Mhanann), or the County of Clackmannan, is a historic county, council area, registration county and lieutenancy area in Scotland, bordering the council areas of Stirling, Fife, and Perth and Kinross. To the south, it is separated from Falkirk by the Firth of Forth. In terms of historic counties it borders Perthshire, Stirlingshire and Fife.

The name consists of elements from three languages. The first element is from Scottish Gaelic: Clach meaning "Stone". Mannan is a derivative of the Brythonic name of the Manaw, the Iron Age tribe who inhabited the area. The final element is the English word shire. As Britain's smallest historic county, it is often nicknamed "The Wee County". When written, Clackmannanshire is commonly abbreviated to Clacks.
Abd Halim Jusoh
Yang Berbahagia Datuk Abd Halim bin Jusoh (born 23 February 1965) is a Malaysian politician who served as Deputy Member of the Terengganu State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under former Menteri Besar Ahmad Said from April 2008 to May 2013 and Member of the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Permaisuri from March 2008 to May 2013 and again from May 2018 to August 2023. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition.

Terengganu State Legislative Assembly
The Terengganu State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Terengganu) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Terengganu. It consists of 32 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and are customarily held alongside elections to the federal parliament during a general election.

The State Assembly convenes at the Wisma Darul Iman in the state capital, Kuala Terengganu.

All 32 seats are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election, effectively making it a one-party state. Within the coalition, the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) holds 27 seats while the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) holds 5 seats. The PN coalition  commands a supermajority in the assembly.
Walk on Water (Aerosmith song)
"Walk On Water" is a song by American hard rock band Aerosmith.  It was written by Steven Tyler, Joe Perry, Jack Blades, and Tommy Shaw.  It was released in 1995 as the second single from 1994's Big Ones, a compilation album featuring 12 of Aerosmith's biggest hits from the Geffen-era, which included two new songs. It was the band's last single to be released by Geffen before they returned to Columbia Records.

The song's lyrical style, content and sound is in the vein of such songs as "Shut up and Dance", which was also written with the assistance of Blades/Shaw.  It also features notable harmonica playing by Tyler, as well as dueling lead guitar parts, and a strong backbeat.

It reached No. 16 on the US Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and No. 11 in Latvia.

Tommy Shaw
Tommy Roland Shaw (born September 11, 1953) is an American musician best known for his tenure in the rock band Styx as co-lead vocalist. In between his stints with Styx, he has played with other groups including Damn Yankees and Shaw Blades as well as releasing several solo albums.
Troitsky District
Troitsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia:

Troitsky District, Altai Krai, an administrative and municipal district of Altai Krai

Troitsky District, Chelyabinsk Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Icelandic Association for Search and Rescue
Icelandic Association for Search and Rescue (ICE-SAR; Icelandic: Slysavarnafélagið Landsbjörg) is a national association of volunteer rescue units and accident-prevention divisions in Iceland. The association’s network spans nearly 100 local rescue units, dozens of accident-prevention divisions and youth sections, with several thousand active on-call volunteers nationwide. Although ICE-SAR teams provide a public emergency service, they are charities funded primarily by donations and fund-raising, notably the nationwide New Year fireworks sale and the annual Neyðarkall (emergency keychain) campaign.

1950 Geysir air crash
The 1950 Geysir air crash (Icelandic: Geysisslysið [ˈceiːsɪsˌstlɪːsɪθ], "the Geysir accident") was a plane crash that occurred on 14 September 1950 when a Douglas C-54 Skymaster, christened Geysir, crashed on the southeastern parts of Bárðarbunga on the Vatnajökull glacier in Iceland. The crew of six survived the crash but had to wait several days until they were found by rescuers and brought off the glacier. The difficulties that arose during the rescue mission directly led to the creations of specialized air rescue units in Iceland.
2017 OFC U-16 Women's Championship
The 2017 OFC U-16 Women's Championship was the 4th edition of the OFC U-16/U-17 Women's Championship, the biennial international youth football championship organised by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the women's under-16/under-17 national teams of Oceania. The tournament was held in Samoa between 4 and 18 August 2017.

For this tournament the age limit was lowered from under-17 to under-16. The winners of the tournament qualified for the 2018 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup in Uruguay as the OFC representative.

Papua New Guinea women's national under-17 soccer team
The Papua New Guinea women's national under-17 soccer team is the second highest women's youth team of women's soccer in Papua New Guinea and is controlled by the Papua New Guinea Football Association.
2024 World Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
The 2024 ICF World Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships took place in Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia, from 2 to 7 July 2024, under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 25th edition of the competition for the Juniors (U18) and the 12th edition for the Under 23 category.

Liptovský Mikuláš hosted the event for the second time after previously hosting it in 2013.

International Canoe Federation
The International Canoe Federation (ICF) is the umbrella organization of all national canoe organizations worldwide. It is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, and administers all aspects of canoe sport worldwide. 157 countries are affiliated with the ICF after seven national federations were added at the 2008 ICF Congress in Rome.
2022–23 Ekstraliga Kobiet
The 2022–23 Orlen Ekstraliga was the 48th edition of Poland's highest women's football league. UKS SMS Łódź were the defending champions.

GKS Katowice became the champions. It was the first championship in the club's history.

Ekstraliga (women's football)
The Ekstraliga (English: Extra League), officially known as Orlen Ekstraliga due to its sponsorship by Orlen, is the top Polish league for women's association football teams.

The league's first season was in 1979–80. Initially, it was called I liga polska kobiet. The first title holder was Czarni Sosnowiec. In 2005, the league was renamed to Ekstraliga kobiet. The winner of the league qualifies for the UEFA Women's Champions League.

Relegated teams descend to the I liga.
Common Ground (1916 film)
Common Ground is a 1916 American silent drama film produced by Jesse Lasky, directed by William C. deMille and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is an original story for the screen and stars Thomas Meighan and Marie Doro. A print is held by British Film Institute National Film and Television Archive.

William C. deMille
William Churchill deMille (July 25, 1878 – March 5, 1955), also spelled de Mille or De Mille, was an American screenwriter and film director from the silent film era through the early 1930s. He was also a noted playwright prior to moving into film. Once he was established in film he specialized in adapting Broadway plays into silent films.