hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HE 1219−0312
HE 1219−0312 is an extremely metal-poor star in the constellation Virgo. The star is located at around 41,400 light-years away from Earth.

It is thought to be a second generation, Population II or metal-poor star ([Fe/H] = −2.96), The star was found in the sample of extremely metal-poor halo stars from the Hamburg/ESO Survey by W. Hayek and collaborators. The group's research was published in the July 2, 2009 issue of The Astrophysical Journal.

Hamburg/ESO Survey
The Hamburg/ESO Survey is an astrometric star catalogue published by the University of Hamburg.  The catalog contains stars between magnitudes 13 and 18 covering the Southern extragalactic sky.

The stated goals of the catalog are

Compile samples of high-redshift (1.5 < z < 3.2), bright Quasi-stellar objects suited for high-resolution spectroscopy (e.g., for the ESO-VLT);

Provide targets for ultraviolet spectroscopy with HST

Discover new gravitationally lensed systems

Construct large flux-limited and bias-free samples of bright low-redshift QSOs and Seyferts for host galaxy studies

Determine the local luminosity function of QSOs

Study the evolution of the most luminous part of the QSO population
WAGR WCA/WCE class
The WAGR WCA class railcars and WCE class trailers were built by Comeng, Granville for the Western Australian Government Railways in 1971 to operate the new Prospector service between East Perth and Kalgoorlie. At the time of their construction the WCA class units were the longest and fastest diesel railcars in the world.

Western Australian Government Railways
Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) was the state owned operator of railways in the state of Western Australia between October 1890 and June 2003. Owned by the state government, it was renamed a number of times to reflect extra responsibility for tram and ferry operations that it assumed and later relinquished. Westrail was the trading name of the WAGR from September 1975 until December 2000, when the WAGR's freight division and the Westrail brand were privatised. Its remaining passenger operations were transferred to the Public Transport Authority in July 2003.
2017 Teen Choice Awards
The 2017 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 13, 2017. The awards celebrated the year's achievements in music, film, television, sports, fashion, comedy, and the Internet, and were voted on by viewers aged 13 to 19 through various social media sites. A three-hour musical festival called "Teen Fest" and hosted by Jake Paul was streamed exclusively on YouTube with some of the event appearing during the Teen Choice broadcast. Throughout the show, several celebrities – including Vanessa Hudgens, Zendaya and Lauren Jauregui of Fifth Harmony – addressed the aftermath of the 2017 Unite the Right rally and encouraged teens to speak out against violence and hate.

Lauren Jauregui
Lauren Michelle Jauregui Morgado (/ˈhaʊrɛɡi/; born June 27, 1996) is an American singer and songwriter. She rose to prominence as a member of the girl group Fifth Harmony, which became one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. Jauregui began experimenting with different sounds and exploring solo songwriting, collaborating on songs with Marian Hill, Steve Aoki and Halsey. She signed to Columbia Records to release her debut solo single "Expectations" in October 2018.

In 2019, Jauregui released the song "More Than That". In 2020, she contributed "Invisible Chains" to the soundtrack of the film Birds of Prey (2020), released the Tainy-produced Latin urban song "Lento", and the song "50ft". Jauregui independently released her debut solo extended play (EP) Prelude (2021), and its follow up, In Between (2023).
Skaidava Bay
Skaidava Bay (Bulgarian: залив Скаидава, ‘Zaliv Skaidava’ \'za-liv ska-i-'da-va\) is the 10.5 km (6.5 mi) wide bay indenting for 3.2 km (2.0 mi) the north coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica 25 km (16 mi) west of the island's northeast extremity Cape Arauco. It is surmounted on the south by Mount Bayonne, the north extremity of Rouen Mountains. The vicinity was visited on 6 January 1988 by the geological survey party of Christo Pimpirev and Borislav Kamenov (First Bulgarian Antarctic Expedition), and Philip Nell and Peter Marquis (British Antarctic Survey).

The feature is named after the ancient Thracian settlement and Roman fortress of Skaidava in Northeastern Bulgaria.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Bergkamp
Bergkamp is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dennis Bergkamp (born 1969), Dutch footballer and coach

Roland Bergkamp (born 1991), Dutch footballer

Vera Bergkamp (born 1971), Dutch politician

Vera Bergkamp
Vera Alida Bergkamp  (born Firouz Alida Chaouqui, 1 June 1971) is a retired Dutch politician. A member of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, she served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 7 April 2021 to 5 December 2023. She was a member of the House of Representatives between 20 September 2012 and 5 December 2023.
Thomas Wrightson
Sir Thomas Wrightson, 1st Baronet, DL (31 March 1839 – 18 June 1921) was a British Conservative politician.

Wrightson sat as Member of Parliament (MP) for Stockton between 1892 and 1895 and for St Pancras East between 1899 and 1906. In 1900 he was created a baronet, of Neasham Hall in the County of Durham, and was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Durham on 4 December 1900. He died in June 1921, aged 82.

He was the brother of John Wrightson, the founder of Downton Agricultural College.

St Pancras East
St Pancras East was a parliamentary constituency in the St Pancras district of North London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Rowland G. Hazard
Rowland Gibson Hazard (October 9, 1801–June 24, 1888) was an American industrialist, politician, textile merchant, and social reformer. He was a descendant of the prominent settler Thomas Hazard, progenitor of the American Hazard Family, who migrated from England during the Great Puritan Migration of 1630 and settled Rhode Island in the 1600s. While he had links to southern slaveholding states, he is noted for his public stand against slavery.

Solvay Process Company
The Solvay Process Company was an American chemical manufacturer that specialized in the manufacture of soda ash. A major employer in Central New York, the company was key in the origin of the village of Solvay, New York, where it was headquartered.
Rob Hardy (cinematographer)
Rob Hardy B.S.C. (born 1972), is an English cinematographer. He frequently collaborates with director Alex Garland, working on the science fiction films, Ex Machina and Annihilation and the television show Devs. He has also worked with John Crowley on his films Boy A (2007) and Is Anybody There? (2008). His other works include The Invisible Woman, Testament of Youth and Mission: Impossible – Fallout.

Testament of Youth (film)
Testament of Youth is a 2014 British drama film based on the First World War memoir of the same name written by Vera Brittain. The film stars Alicia Vikander as Vera Brittain, an independent young woman who abandoned her studies at Somerville College, Oxford, to become a war nurse.  The film was directed by James Kent and written by Juliette Towhidi.
State road D.300 (Turkey)
D.300 is a major east–west state road spanning 2,004 km (1,245 mi) through central Turkey. The route begins in Çeşme, İzmir and runs east to Kapıköy, Van, on the Turkey-Iran border. The route connects several provincial capitals, including İzmir, Uşak, Afyon, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri, Malatya, Elazığ, Muş and Van. The route is the second longest state highway in Turkey, after the D.400.

The D.300 is a four-lane highway for most of the route, except for two short sections toward the western end. The route becomes a controlled-access highway within İzmir.

Aksaray
Aksaray (pronounced [ˈaksaɾaj]) is a city in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Aksaray Province and Aksaray District. Its population is 247,147 (2021). In 2021 the province had an estimated population of 429,069 distributed over about 7,659 km2 (2,957 mi2). The average elevation is 980 m (3,215 ft), with the highest point being Mt. Hasan (Turkish: Hasan Dağı) at 3,268 m (10,722 ft).

The city of Aksaray has a long history and was an important stopover point on the Silk Road that transited Anatolia for centuries. It is a mid-sized city with the Melendiz river running through it and several monuments dating back to the pre-Ottoman era as well as some impressive examples of government buildings from the early Turkish Republic that are gathered around the main square.

The nearest airport is Kapadokya Nevşehir Airport (NAV) which is 62.1 km away from the city.
Pronematus pruni
Pronematus pruni is a species of mite belonging to the family Tydeidae. This small oval mite is around 300 μm in length with a smooth body and legs much shorter than the body. It has been recorded on Prunus domestica and Psidium guajava in the vicinity of Potchefstroom, South Africa.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Leap Church
Leap Church is a small Gothic Revival Anglican church located in Leap, County Cork, Ireland. It was completed between 1810 and 1828. It is part of Ross Union of Parishes in the Diocese of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross.

Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross
The Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, also referred to as the United Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, is a diocese in the Church of Ireland. The diocese is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin.  It is the see of the Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, the result of a combination of the bishoprics of Cork and Cloyne and Ross in 1583, the separation of Cork and Ross and Cloyne in 1660, and the re-combination of Cork and Ross and Cloyne in 1835.
Bonawentura Madaliński
Bonawentura Madaliński (d. 1691) was a Polish nobleman and clergyman who was Bishop of Płock and Kujawy.

According to historian Stanisław Karwowski, Madaliński was born to Piotr of Niedzielska, a nobleman who claimed the Larissa coat of arms. According to historian Antoni Julian Nowowiejski, Madaliński, once ordained, initiated his early career with Krzysztof Opaliński, Karol Ferdynand Vasa, and eventually John Casimir. In 1672, he was coadjutor of Płock, then Bishop of Płock in 1675, and finally Bishop of Kujawy in 1680. As Bishop of Kujawy, he carried out canonical visitations throughout the archdeanery of Pomerania in the years 1686–1687.

Madaliński died in 1691 and was buried at the cathedral in Włocławek. According to Karwowski, the cathedral benefited from Madaliński's charity.

Canonical visitation
In the Catholic Church, a canonical visitation is the act of an ecclesiastical superior who in the discharge of his office visits persons or places with a view to maintaining faith and discipline and of correcting abuses. A person delegated to carry out such a visitation is called a visitor. When, in exceptional circumstances, the Holy See delegates an apostolic visitor (or visitors) "to evaluate an ecclesiastical institute such as a seminary, diocese, or religious institute [...] to assist the institute in question to improve the way in which it carries out its function in the life of the Church," this is known as an apostolic visitation.
Ram Ratan Singh College
Ram Ratan Singh College is a degree college in Bihar, India. It is a constituent unit of Patliputra University. The college offers senior secondary education and undergraduate degrees in arts and science.

Patliputra University
Patliputra University (PPU) is a collegiate public state university located in Patna, Bihar, India. It was established in 2018 by the Government of Bihar. The university has jurisdiction over colleges in the Patna and Nalanda districts, except those affiliated with Patna University. As a collegiate university, its functions are shared between the university departments and its affiliated institutions. The headquarters is situated at Kankarbagh, Patna, while a permanent campus is under development near Bakhtiyarpur.
HMS Anglesea
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Anglesea. A fourth Royal Navy vessel carried the related name HMS Anglesey:

HMS Anglesea (1694), a 44-gun fourth rate launched in 1694 and the first naval vessel built at Plymouth Dockyard. She was sunk as a breakwater off Sheerness in 1742.

HMS Anglesea (1742), a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1742, captured by France in 1745 and in French naval service as L'Anglesea until 1753.

HMS Anglesea (1746), a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1746 and sunk as a breakwater in 1764.

HMS Anglesey (P277), an offshore patrol vessel launched in 1978 and sold to the Bangladesh Navy in 2003.

BNS Gomati
BNS Gomati is an Island-class offshore patrol vessel of the Bangladesh Navy. She was originally built as a Fishery Protection Vessel for the British Royal Navy, entering service as HMS Anglesey in 1979. She was sold to Bangladesh in 2002, entering service in 2003.
Graphium morania
Graphium morania, the white lady or small white-lady swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in southern Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Zululand, Eswatini, Transvaal, S.Mozambique, SE.Zimbabwe, E.Botswana).

Zululand District Municipality
The Zululand District Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wesiFunda seZululand) is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Its seat is Ulundi. As of 2011, a majority of its 803,575 inhabitants spoke isiZulu. The district code is DC26.
Exponential stability
In control theory, a continuous linear time-invariant system (LTI) is exponentially stable if and only if the system has eigenvalues (i.e., the poles of input-to-output systems) with strictly negative real parts (i.e., in the left half of the complex plane). A discrete-time input-to-output LTI system is exponentially stable if and only if the poles of its transfer function lie strictly within the unit circle centered on the origin of the complex plane. Systems that are not LTI are exponentially stable if their convergence is bounded by exponential decay.
Exponential stability is a form of asymptotic stability, valid for more general dynamical systems.

Dirac delta function
In mathematical analysis, the Dirac delta function (or  distribution), also known as the unit impulse, is a generalized function on the real numbers, whose value is zero everywhere except at zero, and whose integral over the entire real line is equal to one. Thus it can be represented heuristically as

such that

Since there is no function having this property, modelling the delta "function" rigorously involves the use of limits or, as is common in mathematics, measure theory and the theory of distributions.

The delta function is named after physicist Paul Dirac, and has been applied routinely in physics and engineering to model point masses and concentrated loads. It is called the delta function because it is a continuous analogue of the Kronecker delta function. The mathematical rigor of the delta function was disputed until Laurent Schwartz developed the theory of distributions, where it is defined as a linear form acting on functions.
Doctor Death (magazine)
Doctor Death was the title of a short-lived pulp science fiction magazine published by Dell Magazines in 1935, as well as the name of the main character featured in that magazine.  Doctor Death was an archcriminal who wanted to return the world to a primitive condition and used supernatural tools such as zombies and magic in his plots against humanity. The stories were written by Harold Ward under the pseudonym of "Zorro".  Dell may have intended Doctor Death to be a continuation of a character of the same name in All Detective Magazine, also published by Dell.

Science fiction magazine
A science fiction magazine is a publication that offers primarily science fiction, either in a hard-copy periodical format or on the Internet. Science fiction magazines traditionally featured speculative fiction in short story, novelette, novella or (usually serialized) novel form, a format that continues into the present day. Many also contain editorials, book reviews or articles, and some also include stories in the fantasy and horror genres.
Tindivanam railway station
Tindivanam railway station (station code: TMV) is an NSG–5 category Indian railway station in Chennai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station serving Tindivanam, a city and taluk headquarters in Viluppuram district, Tamil Nadu. It is a station on the South line of the Chennai Suburban Railway.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
International Commission on Missing Persons
The International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) is an intergovernmental organization that addresses the issue of persons missing as a result of armed conflicts, violations of human rights, and natural disasters. It is headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands. It assists governments in the exhumation of mass graves and DNA identification of missing persons, provides support to family associations of missing persons, and assists in creating strategies and institutions to search for missing persons. In December 2014, a treaty was signed which established the commission as an International Organisation. The treaty has five signatories: the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Belgium and Luxembourg. It designates The Hague (Netherlands) as the seat of the organization.

Mass grave
A mass grave is a grave containing multiple human corpses, which may or may not be identified prior to burial.  Mass graves are usually created after many people die or are killed, and there is a desire to bury the corpses quickly for sanitation concerns. Although mass graves can be used during major conflicts such as war and crime, they may also be used after a famine, epidemic, or natural disaster. In disasters, mass graves are used temporarily for infection and disease control. In such cases, there is often a breakdown of the social infrastructure that would enable proper identification and the individual disposal of each body.

The United Nations has defined a criminal mass grave as a burial site containing three or more victims of execution, although an exact definition is not unanimously agreed upon.
The Health Wagon
The Health Wagon, which may also be referred to as St. Mary's Health Wagon, is a nonprofit organization providing free health care to those in the Appalachian Mountains of southwest Virginia. Since 1980, it has been operated by a small team of nurses who provide services to residents in six neighboring counties.  Services are distributed in any of their three mobile units or two stationary clinics servicing Virginia's Buchanan, Dickenson, Russell, Lee, Scott, and Wise counties (and the city of Norton).

Wise County, Virginia
Wise County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. The county was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties and named for Henry A. Wise, who was the Governor of Virginia at the time.  The county seat is in Wise.
The Secret Diaries of Miss Miranda Cheever
The Secret Diaries of Miss Miranda Cheever is a historical romance novel written by Julia Quinn. It won the 2008 RITA Award for Best Regency Historical Romance and was nominated for Romantic Times 2007 Historical Romance of the Year. The novel reached number 3 on the New York Times Bestseller List and number 4 on the USA Today bestseller list.

Historical romance
Historical romance is a broad category of mass-market fiction focusing on romantic relationships in historical periods, which Byron helped popularize in the early 19th century. The genre often takes the form of the novel.
Palatine Pts 2/2
The German steam locomotive of Palatine Class Pts 2/2 of the Palatinate Railway was a one-off and was built by the firm of Maffei in Munich. Notable features were the high boiler and the locomotive frame used as a water tank. Coal was carried in two bunkers on the left and right of the driver's cab.

After the formation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn the engine was taken over and given the number '99 011'. It was retired by 1931.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".