hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of Kashmir
The culture of Kashmir  encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, architecture, traditions, and history of the Kashmiri people native to the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The culture of Kashmir was influenced by the Persian as well as Central Asian cultures after the Islamic rule of Kashmir. Kashmiri culture is influenced by Hinduism, Buddhism and later by Islam.

Islam in Kashmir
Islam is the majority religion practised in Kashmir, with 97.16% of the region's population identifying as Muslims as of 2014. The religion came to the region with the arrival of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, a Muslim Sufi preacher from Central Asia and Persia, beginning in the early 14th century. The majority of Kashmiri Muslims are Sunni Muslims.

They refer to themselves as "Koshur" in their mother language. Non-Kashmiri Muslims in Kashmir include semi-nomadic cowherds and shepherds, belonging to the Gurjar and Bakarwal communities.
Wei Huan-zi
Viscount Huan of Wei (Chinese: 魏桓子; pinyin: Wèi Huán Zǐ), personal name Wei Ju, was a leader of the Wei clan in the Jin state, where he served as dafu (大夫). He succeeded his father Wei Manduo (Viscount Xiang of Wei) as clan leader.

Together with Zhao Wuxu (Viscount Xiang of Zhao) and Han Hu (Viscount Kang of Han), Viscount Huan of Wei defeated Zhi Yao (Viscount Xiang of Zhi). Afterwards the three allies divided up the Zhi (知) territory and expanded their own state borders making them larger than the other states.

After Viscount Huan of Wei died, his son, Marquess Wen of Wei, became the Wei leader.

Zhao Wuxu
Zhao Wuxu (Chinese: 趙毋卹), also known by his posthumous name as the Viscount Xiang of Zhao (趙襄子), was a leader of the Zhao clan in the Jin state. During his tenure as clan leader of Zhao, he entered into an alliance with the Han (韓) and Wei (魏) clans, and annihilated the Zhi (知) clan in the Battle of Jinyang.
Daneville Township Bridge No. E-26
The Daneville Township Bridge No. E-26 is a historic stone arch bridge over an unnamed stream on 457th Avenue in rural Turner County, South Dakota, south of Viborg.   Built in 1935, it is one of a modest number of bridges surviving in the county that was built with New Deal funding.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Turner County, South Dakota
Turner County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,673. Its county seat is Parker. The county was established in 1871, and was named for Dakota Territory official John W. Turner.

Turner County is a part of the Sioux Falls metropolitan area.
Police aviation in the United Kingdom
Police aviation in United Kingdom provides British police forces with an aerial support unit to assist them in pursuit, surveillance and tracking. All police aviation in England and Wales comes under the National Police Air Service (NPAS), while Police Scotland and the Police Service of Northern Ireland operate independent units.

In addition to its fleet of helicopters, NPAS has introduced four Vulcanair P68R, which are fixed-wing aircraft able to provide longer flying time and lower running costs.

Police aviation in England and Wales was once a force-by-force, or forces working in partnership, organisation, however from 2012 to 2015 it transitioned to NPAS.

Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft (in which a rotor mounted on a spinning shaft generates lift), and ornithopters (in which the wings oscillate to generate lift). The wings of a fixed-wing aircraft are not necessarily rigid; kites, hang gliders, variable-sweep wing aircraft, and airplanes that use wing morphing are all classified as fixed wing.

Gliding fixed-wing aircraft, including free-flying gliders and tethered kites, can use moving air to gain altitude. Powered fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes) that gain forward thrust from an engine include powered paragliders, powered hang gliders and ground effect vehicles. Most fixed-wing aircraft are operated by a pilot, but some are unmanned or controlled remotely or are completely autonomous (no remote pilot).
Lafleur (brand)
Lafleur is a trademark of Olymel (l.p.), owned by La Coop fédérée. The cooked meats brand, specializing in the processing of pork products, was founded in 1912 by Alphonse Lafleur (1882-1934). Lafleur products are sold only in Quebec.

Global Food Safety Initiative
The Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) is a private organization that works as a "coalition of action" from the Consumer Goods Forum (CGF) and brings together retailers and brand owners (manufacturers) from across the CGF membership. The GFSI operates under multi-stakeholder governance, with the objective to create "an extended food safety community to oversee food safety standards for businesses and help provide access to safe food for people everywhere". GFSI's work in benchmarking and harmonization aims to foster mutual acceptance of GFSI-recognized certification programs across the industry, with the ambition to enable a "once certified, accepted everywhere" approach.
Vosges (chocolatier)
Vosges Haut-Chocolat is a Chicago-based luxury chocolate maker, founded in 1998 by Katrina Markoff, that offers varieties flavored with spices, bacon, and other ingredients. It is owned by La Montagne Holdings.

The company produces many unique flavor combinations, including Red Fire Chocolat, made with Mexican chilis, cinnamon and dark chocolate, Black Pearl Chocolat made with ginger, black sesame seeds and dark chocolate, and Mo's Milk Chocolate Bacon Bar. A novelty at the time, it started a trend.

The company features different gourmet chocolates at their Chicago boutiques.

Vosges offers flavors including Red Fire Toffee, Red Fire Spice, and a Oaxaca blend. Huffington Post's reviewers also gave the chocolates high marks, noting the unusual offerings, such as Wild Tuscan Fennel Pollen, with Floral Anise, and Ginger plus Fresh Wasabi, with Black Sesame Seeds.

Anise
Anise (/ˈænɪs/; Pimpinella anisum), also called aniseed or rarely anix, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia.

The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, such as star anise, fennel, liquorice, and tarragon. It is widely cultivated and used to flavor food, candy, and alcoholic drinks, especially around the Mediterranean.
Paul Berthier
Paul Berthier (1884–1953) was the co-founder of Manécanterie des Petits Chanteurs à la Croix de Bois in 1906.

He wrote a doctoral thesis on the legal protection of composers which has long been authoritative and an essay on Jean-Philippe Rameau.

He was the organist at Auxerre Cathedral until 1953. He composed the famous Christmas lullaby Dors ma colombe.

He was married to composer Geneviève Parquin and was the father of Jacques Berthier. He was also the grandfather of the singer France Gall and great-grandfather of French producer, Raphael Hamburger.

Auxerre Cathedral
Auxerre Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Étienne d'Auxerre) is a Roman Catholic church, dedicated to Saint Stephen, located in Auxerre, Burgundy, France. It was constructed between the 13th and 16th centuries, on the site of a Romanesque cathedral from the 11th century, whose crypt is found underneath the cathedral. It is known for 11th century Carolingian frescoes found in the crypt, and for its large stained glass windows. Since 1823 it has been the seat of a diocese united with that of Sens Cathedral.
Soul Kiss (Chara album)
Soul Kiss (ソウル・キス, Sōru Kisu) is the second studio album by Chara, which was released on September 1, 1992. It debuted at #14 on the Japanese Oricon album charts, and charted in the top 200 for seven weeks. It eventually sold 65,000 copies.

It was preceded by the single debut single Ōki na Jishin ga Kitatte (大きな地震がきたって, Even If There's a Great Earthquake) in July. A re-cut single, Ai no Jibaku Sōchi (愛の自爆装置, Love Suicide Bombing Gear), was released two months after the album's release date. It featured rock musician Rolly Teranishi in background vocals. Neither of these singles charted in the Oricon top 100 singles.

In December 1992, Soul Kiss received a Japan Record Award for best rock/pop album from a new artist. In October 1993, the album was awarded the first Ryoichi Hattori Music Festival Album of Excellence Award, created in memory of Hattori, who died in January of that year.

Ryōichi Hattori
Ryōichi Hattori (服部 良一, Hattori Ryōichi; October 1, 1907 – January 30, 1993) was a Japanese pop and jazz composer. Katsuhisa Hattori is his son. He had a great influence on Japanese pop and was awarded the People's Honor Award. Japanese jazz was downtrodden during World War II, but he created a jazz boom after the war. He composed many songs for various artists such as Noriko Awaya, Shizuko Kasagi, Ichimaru and Ichirō Fujiyama. He also composed Li Xianglan's song "Suzhou Nocturne" (蘇州夜曲, Soshū yakyoku), which has remained controversial in China despite not being a militaristic song.
2002 Mar del Plata Sevens
The 2002 Mar del Plata Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament held at the Estadio José María Minella in Mar del Plata. The tournament took place from 11 to 12 January 2002 and was the sixth edition of the Mar del Plata Sevens and was also the third leg of the 2001–02 World Sevens Series.

Sixteen teams was separated into four groups of four with the top two teams qualifying through to the cup final while the bottom two competed in the bowl. After losing to South Africa in the pool stage and finishing second on their pool, Fiji went on to be champions title after getting their revenge and defeating South Africa 24–7 in the cup final. In the plate final, Australia defeated England 15–12. In the bowl final France defeated Canada 29–7. In the shield final Paraguay defeated Chile 21–14.

Canada national rugby sevens team
The Canada men’s national rugby sevens team competes at several international tournaments — the Rugby World Cup Sevens, Pan American Games and the Commonwealth Games.  Following a loss in the Qualifier Playoffs in the Grand Finel, Canada were relegated from the World Rugby Sevens Series.  They have qualified for the World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series.
Julianna Smoot
Julianna Smoot is an American political aide and fundraiser for the Democratic Party. She served as a Deputy Manager of Barack Obama's 2012 presidential reelection campaign, having previously served as White House Social Secretary, Deputy Assistant to the President. and Chief of Staff to United States Trade Representative Ron Kirk. Smoot previously served as a professional fundraiser for the Democratic Party. She was the national finance director for Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign. Under her direction, the campaign raised $32.5 million during the second quarter of 2007 and by election day, more money than any campaign in American history. She was named Social Secretary after her predecessor, Desirée Rogers resigned on February 26, 2010.

White House Social Secretary
The White House social secretary is responsible for the planning, coordination, and execution of official social events at the White House, the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States.
Nelson River
The Nelson River is a river of north-central North America, in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The river drains Lake Winnipeg and runs 644 kilometres (400 mi) before it ends in Hudson Bay near Port Nelson. Its full length (including the Saskatchewan River and Bow River) is 2,575 kilometres (1,600 mi), it has mean discharge of 2,370 cubic metres per second (84,000 cu ft/s), and has a drainage basin of 1,072,300 square kilometres (414,000 sq mi), of which 180,000 square kilometres (69,000 sq mi) is in the United States.

Discharge (hydrology)
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m3/h or ft3/h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m2 or ft2). It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals like CaCO3(aq), or biologic material (e.g. diatoms) in addition to the water itself. Terms may vary between disciplines. For example, a fluvial hydrologist studying natural river systems may define discharge as streamflow, whereas an engineer operating a reservoir system may equate it with outflow, contrasted with inflow.
Fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's épée
The men's épée competition in fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London was held on 1 August at the ExCeL London Exhibition Centre. There were 30 competitors from 24 nations. Rubén Limardo of Venezuela won the gold medal – the country's only medal of the 2012 Games as well as the country's first medal in men's individual épée. Norway's Bartosz Piasecki won silver (that nation's first medal in the event, as well) and Jung Jin-Sun from South Korea took bronze.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
Compositional data
In statistics, compositional data are quantitative descriptions of the parts of some whole, conveying relative information. Mathematically, compositional data is represented by points on a simplex. Measurements involving probabilities, proportions, percentages, and ppm can all be thought of as compositional data.

Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.
Gundu Sudarshan
Gundu Sudarshan (born Surampudi Sudarshan Rao) is an Indian comedian and actor who works in Telugu films. He acted in more than 350 films. He also has stage experience from the age of 10. He entered the film industry with Mister Pellam in 1993 directed by Bapu.

Bhimavaram
Bhimavaram is a city and headquarters of West Godavari district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Bhimavaram mandal in Bhimavaram revenue division. It is a part of Eluru Urban Development Authority. As of 2011 census, it is the most populous urban area in the district with a population of 163,875. It is one of the major pilgrimage centers in the state, which is home to Somaramam, one of the five great Pancharama Kshetras.
Life Is Beautiful (2014 film)
Life Is Beautiful is a 2014 Bollywood film that was directed by Manoj Amarnani, who also starred in the movie. The film was released in India on 22 August 2014 and stars Nancy Brunetta as Amarnani's co-star.

2014 in film
The following is an overview of the events of 2014 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, and a list of films released and notable deaths. DreamWorks Pictures and DreamWorks Animation celebrate their 20th anniversary in 2014.
People vs. the Stars
People vs. the Stars is a 2017 Philippine television game show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Iya Villania and Drew Arellano, it premiered on January 15, 2017 on the network's Sunday Grande line up. The show concluded on April 16, 2017 with a total of 14 episodes.

Iya Villania
Raelene Elaine "Iya" Villania-Arellano (born June 29, 1986), (Tagalog: [ˈʔija bilˈjaɲɐ ʔɐrɛlˈjanɔ]), is a Filipino singer, actress, model, dancer, and television presenter. She has been widely known for her work as a VJ in the music channel Myx and as the Chika Minute segment anchor in GMA's primetime newscast 24 Oras.
Kristina Radonjić
Kristina Radonjić (Serbian: Кристина Радоњић) (October 22, 1974) is a Serbian rhythmic gymnast.

Radonjić started rhythmic gymnastics at the age of 8 and became a member of the Yugoslav national team in 1988.  She won two consecutive junior national titles in Yugoslavia in 1988 and 1989 (all-around and four gold medals in the event finals). She holds five senior national titles (1991–95).

She was an all-around finalist at the European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships in 1990 and at the World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships in 1991, and qualified for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

At the age of 17, she competed as an Independent Olympic Participant at the 1992 Olympics. Due to the civil war in Yugoslavia, Yugoslav athletes were not allowed to compete in major international championships from 1993–96.

Radonjić retired from rhythmic gymnastics in 1996, taking a silver medal at the National Cup.

She received a master's degree in management from the University of Belgrade.

Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships are the European championships for the sport of rhythmic gymnastics. They were first held in 1978. The European Championships and the European Junior Championships were united in 1993. Prior to 2006, they were called the European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships. The competition is organised by the European Union of Gymnastics.
Silver Star Cafe
The Silver Star Cafe is a restaurant in the west end of Port Hedland, Western Australia.  Its kitchen and lounge area are housed within a historic preserved railway carriage, and it has an alfresco deck alongside. A project of BHP Billiton Iron Ore, with support from Town of Port Hedland, Boom Logistics and Laing O'Rourke, the cafe was officially opened by the Premier of Western Australia, Colin Barnett, on 26 October 2010.

Outdoor dining
Outdoor dining, also known as al fresco dining or dining al fresco, is the act of eating a meal outside.

In temperate climates, al fresco dining is especially popular in the summer months when temperatures and weather are most favorable. It is a style of dining that is casual and often party-like in its atmosphere.

In order to promote and accommodate the pedestrian activity and vibrancy associated with al fresco dining, some communities have passed ordinances permitting it at restaurants, including the service of food and alcoholic beverages to customers at pavement tables, until late at night.
Sangram Kumar Dolai
Sangram Kumar Dolai is an Indian politician from West Bengal. He was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly in 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election from Moyna, as a member of the Trinamool Congress.

2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in 2016 for all 294 seats of the Vidhan Sabha in the Indian state of West Bengal. The All India Trinamool Congress under Mamata Banerjee won 211 seats, and thus returned to power with an enhanced majority. As in the 2011 election, the election was held in six phases, with the first phase divided into two days. The first phase was held in Naxalite-Maoist affected red corridor areas with two polling dates: 4 April and 11 April. The other phases were held on 17, 21, 25, 30 April and 5 May. The result of the election was declared on 19 May.

In the previous election in 2011, the All India Trinamool Congress in a coalition with INC won a majority and ended the 34-year rule of the Left Front government in the state.
Declaration of inconsistency
A declaration of inconsistency in New Zealand constitutional law is a declaration by a senior court that an act of parliament is inconsistent with the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 (NZBORA) in a way that has not been justified in a free and democratic society. It was first made available as a legal remedy following the litigation in Taylor v Attorney-General, where the High Court declared that the prohibition of all prisoners from voting was inconsistent with the NZBORA.

Electoral Act 1993
The Electoral Act 1993 is an Act of the New Zealand Parliament for regulating elections in New Zealand. It "establishes the electoral agencies, electoral system, election processes (including that for disputing results), how MPs are replaced between elections, registration processes for political parties and logos, enrolment and electoral roll requirements, and provides for the Māori Electoral option, and the Representation Commission." One such agency is the Electoral Commission which is responsible, among other things, for the administration of parliamentary elections and referendums.

The Electoral Act forms part of the constitution of New Zealand. The regulations made under the Act contain most of New Zealand's electoral legislation. The Act defined mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation for use in the 1993 electoral referendum, and it established MMP as the electoral system for the 1996 general election.
3rd Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom)
The 3rd Anti-Aircraft Division was an air defence formation of the Territorial Army, part of the British Army, created in the period of tension before the outbreak of the Second World War. It defended Scotland and Northern Ireland during the early part of the war.

Firth of Forth
The Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is a bay in Scotland, an inlet of the North Sea that separates Fife to its north and Lothian to its south. Further inland, it becomes the estuary of the River Forth and several other rivers.
The Talent
The Talent (Spanish: El talento) is a 2025 Spanish drama film directed by Polo Menárguez, who co-wrote the screenplay with Fernando León de Aranoa, based on the 1924 novella Fräulein Else by Arthur Schnitzler. The cast is led by Ester Expósito and Pedro Casablanc.

Fernando León de Aranoa
Fernando León de Aranoa (born 26 May 1968) is a Spanish screenwriter and film director.

León de Aranoa entered the film industry as a screenwriter. He made his feature film directorial debut with Familia, which won him the Goya Award for Best New Director. He is together with Pedro Almodóvar the awardee with most Goya Awards for Best Director (3), which he won with Barrio (1998), Mondays in the Sun (2002), and The Good Boss (2021).
West Ward Rural District
West Ward was a rural district of the administrative county of Westmorland. The area was directly based on the former West Ward rural sanitary district, and therefore indirectly on the old West Ward or hundred of Westmorland.

The district existed from 1894 to 1935. The civil parish of Shap became a separate urban district in 1905, and was entirely surrounded by the district. Other places in the district included Patterdale and Askham.

In 1935, under a County Review Order it merged with Shap UDC and East Westmorland RDC to become North Westmorland Rural District except for the parish of Patterdale which became part of Lakes Urban District.

Local Government Act 1929
The Local Government Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. 5. c. 17) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made changes to the Poor Law and local government in England and Wales.

The act abolished the system of poor law unions in England and Wales and their boards of guardians, transferring their powers to local authorities. It also gave county councils increased powers over highways, and made provisions for the restructuring of urban and rural districts as more efficient local government areas.