hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brynjulf Ottar
Brynjulf Ottar (1918–1988) was a Norwegian atmospheric chemist who served as the first director of the Norwegian Institute for Air Research. In the 1970s, his work on the long-range transport of air pollution helped to alert the world to the problem of acid rain; later, he was one of the first scientists to describe the mechanism of global distillation (the "grasshopper effect"), by which pollutants travel from mid-latitude parts of Earth to the Arctic.

Atmospheric chemistry
Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science that studies the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets. This multidisciplinary approach of research draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology, climatology and other disciplines to understand both natural and human-induced changes in atmospheric composition. Key areas of research include the behavior of trace gasses, the formation of pollutants, and the role of aerosols and greenhouse gasses. Through a combination of observations, laboratory experiments, and computer modeling, atmospheric chemists investigate the causes and consequences of atmospheric changes.
Wolfurt railway station
Wolfurt railway station (German: Bahnhof Wolfurt) is a railway station in the municipality of Wolfurt, in the district of Bregenz, in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It is located on the Vorarlberg line of Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB). Adjacent to the station is the Wolfurt Freight Centre, also known as ÖBB Terminal Wolfurt, a major goods station.

Vorarlberg S-Bahn
Vorarlberg S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Vorarlberg) is a label for regional rail services in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg. The S-Bahn services also connect to stations in the German town of Lindau, the Swiss towns of St. Margrethen and Buchs, and the Principality of Liechtenstein.

It is integrated into the Vorarlberg Transport Association (VVV), which manages ticket pricing. Liechtenstein and northeastern Switzerland are within the Ostwind Transport Association transit district. The services are operated by the state-owned Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB), THURBO (a subsidiary of Swiss Federal Railways) and the privately owned Montafonerbahn (mbs).

Three services (S1, S3, R5) are part of a transnational railway network around Lake Constance (Bodensee) marketed as Bodensee S-Bahn.
Principle of least privilege
In information security, computer science, and other fields, the Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP), also known as the Principle of Minimal Privilege (PoMP) or the Principle of Least Authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user, or a program, depending on the subject) must be able to access only the information and resources that are necessary for its legitimate purpose.

Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria
Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.

The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005.
Acanthanectes hystrix
Acanthanectes hystrix is a species of triplefin blenny.  It was described by Holleman and Buxton in 1993. So far the species has only been recorded in the waters off Tsitsikamma National Park in the Eastern Cape, South Africa but its distribution is probably more extensive, although it is likely to endemic to South Africa. It is a demersal species which is found below the low water mark on rocky reefs with microalgae at depths of 10 to 24 metres (33 to 79 ft).  Their eggs hemispherical in shape and are coated with many sticky threads which fix them among the algae at the nesting sites. The larvae are planktonic and have mainly been recorded from shallow, inshore areas. The specific name hystrix means porcupine and refers to the spiny appearance of this fish.

Tsitsikamma National Park
The Tsitsikamma National Park is a protected area on the Garden Route, Western Cape and Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is a coastal reserve well known for its indigenous forests, dramatic coastline, and the Otter Trail. On 6 March 2009 it was amalgamated with the Wilderness National Park and various other areas of land to form the Garden Route National Park.

The park covers an 80 kilometres (50 miles) long stretch of coastline. Nature's Valley is at the western end of the park, and the main accommodation is at Storms River Mouth. Near the park is the Bloukrans Bridge, the world's highest bridge bungee jump at 216 metres (709 ft).

The word "Tsitsikamma" originates from the Khoekhoe language tjisi, meaning "ten", and ǁamma, meaning "water", referring to the Tsitsikamma River. Other meanings are 'place of much water' and 'waters begin'.
Perdono (Caterina Caselli song)
"Perdono" (Italian pronunciation: [perˈdoːno], i.e. "Forgive me") is an Italian pop song written by Piero Soffici and Mogol and performed by Caterina Caselli.

The song was released as a "double A-side" together with "L'uomo d'oro". It was launched on the occasion of the third edition of the Festivalbar, and it won the competition as the most listened song in Italian jukeboxes with over 72,000 hits in the 1966 Summer. "L'uomo d'oro" entered the competition Un disco per l'estate eventually finishing fifth.

The same year, “Perdono” was adapted into a musicarello, film with the same name, directed by Ettore Maria Fizzarotti and starring Laura Efrikian and the same Caterina Caselli.

Ettore Maria Fizzarotti
Ettore Maria Fizzarotti (3 January 1916 – 10 September 1985) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.

Born in Naples, the son of the director Armando, he debuted as assistant director in the films of his father, and later collaborated with, among others, Vittorio Cottafavi and Raffaello Matarazzo. He made his directorial debut in 1964, with In ginocchio da te, a musicarello with Gianni Morandi which was panned by critics but which got a large commercial success.  Fizzarotti then directed several films of the same genre, starring some of the most important Italian singers of the time.  His career also include the spaghetti Western I'll Sell My Skin Dearly and Sgarro alla camorra, the first sceneggiata film, which marked the film debut of Mario Merola.
Center for Reproductive Law & Policy v. Bush
Center for Reproductive Law & Policy v. Bush, 304 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2002), was a Court of Appeals case in the US. The case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit upheld the Bush Administration's re-imposition of the Mexico City Policy. The policy stated that "the United States will no longer contribute to separate nongovernmental organizations which perform or actively promote abortion as a method of family planning in other nations."

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Connecticut

Eastern District of New York

Northern District of New York

Southern District of New York

Western District of New York

District of Vermont
Kurdification
Kurdification is a cultural change in which people, territory, or language gradually become Kurdish. Historically, Kurdification has happened naturally, as in Turkish Kurdistan, or as a deliberate government policy (as in Iraqi Kurdistan after 2003 invasion of Iraq).

The notion of Kurdification is different from country to country. In Turkish Kurdistan, many ethnic Armenians had Kurdified after converting to Islam, while many ethnic Bulgarians, Circassians, Chechens, Ingushs, and Ossetians were Kurdified as a result of fleeing to the region and having subsequently assimilated to the Kurdish culture and language.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
Our Lady of the Poor Cathedral, Zacatecoluca
The Our Lady of the Rich Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora de los Pobres) also known as the Zacatecoluca Cathedral, is the main church of the Catholic Diocese of Zacatecoluca, in the city of Zacatecoluca, in the Central American country of El Salvador.

In the sixteenth century, when the Spanish founded the city, it was located to the east of the central square (present Cañas Square), site in which it has been located since. The Cathedral of Zacatecoluca has undergone different modifications over time.

Originally it was a hermitage of adobe and tile, maintaining itself until being replaced in 1740 by another one of facade of wood with influences of some elements of the Renaissance and Baroque styles.

This old cathedral was standing until 1965 and was called Santa Lucia Church.

In 1965, the current building of the Cathedral of Zacatecoluca began to be constructed and was finalized in 1975 due to arrears that resulted via lack of funds for its construction.

Zacatecoluca
Zacatecoluca (Spanish pronunciation: [sakatekoˈluka]) is the capital municipality of the La Paz Department of El Salvador.

Located in Southern El Salvador, in the Rio Lempa valley, at the foot of San Vicente (Chinchotepec) Volcano. A commercial center for the surrounding agricultural area, it also trades in cotton goods, baskets, salt, and lumber.
't Zand, Hattem
't Zand is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Hattem, about 6 km west of the city of Zwolle.

't Zand is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Hattem. It consists of about 15 houses.

Zwolle
Zwolle (Dutch: [ˈzʋɔlə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Overijssel and the province's second-largest municipality, after Enschede, and has a population of 132,441 as of December 2023. Zwolle borders the province of Gelderland and lies on the eastern side of the River IJssel.
PalaSele
PalaSele is an indoor sporting arena located in Eboli, Italy.  The capacity of the arena is 8,000 spectators.  It hosts indoor sporting events such as basketball and volleyball, and also hosts concerts.

Eboli
Eboli (Ebolitano: Jevule) is a town and comune of Campania, southern Italy, in the province of Salerno.

Eboli, an agricultural centre, is renowned for its olive oil and dairy products, most notably the famous buffalo mozzarella from the area.
Máel Muire ingen Cináeda
Máel Muire ingen Cináeda was a daughter ("ingen") of Kenneth MacAlpin (Cináed mac Ailpin), King of Dal Riáta. She married two important Irish kings of the Uí Néill.

Her first husband was Áed Findliath (r. 862–879), of the Cenél nEógain, King of Ailech and High King of Ireland. Niall Glúndub, ancestor of the O'Neill dynasty, was the son of this marriage.

Her second husband was Flann Sinna of Clann Cholmáin, King of Mide and also High King of Ireland. As the daughter, wife and mother of kings, when Máel Muire died in 913, her death was reported by the Annals of Ulster, an unusual thing for the male-centred chronicles of that time.

Uí Néill
The Uí Néill (pronounced [iː ˈnʲeːl̠ʲ]; meaning "descendants of Niall") are Irish dynasties that claim descent from Niall Noígíallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), a historical King of Tara who is believed to have died around c. 405. They are generally divided into the Northern and Southern Uí Néill.
Phantasy Star Portable
Phantasy Star Portable is an action role-playing game co-developed by Sonic Team and Alfa System, and published by Sega for the PlayStation Portable. Sega released the game to Japan in July 2008, and to other markets in 2009.

In addition to the game's single-player story mode, Phantasy Star Portable has a cooperative multi-player mode that supports up to four players.

The 2009 sequel, Phantasy Star Portable 2, takes place three years after the events of Phantasy Star Portable.

Alfa System
Alfa System is a Japanese video game developer and publisher. The company was founded in 1988. In their early years Alfa System developed for NEC consoles with Hudson Soft and other publishers. They later worked closely with Sony Computer Entertainment and Bandai Namco Entertainment on the Tales series. In February 2021, Alfa System was acquired by Meteorise.
Ben (German singer)
Ben (born Bernhard Albrecht Matthias Lasse Blümel on 15 May 1981 in Berlin) is a German singer and TV host.

His greatest success was 2002 with the hit single "Engel", a collaboration with singer Gim. He was also successful as TV presenter of the music show The Dome (RTL II), Toggo Music (Super RTL) and Bravo TV (Pro 7).

He was the narrator in the German version of the 2006 Canadian-French animal film The White Planet.

The Dome (TV program)
The Dome was a German television program and music event, produced and broadcast by RTL 2 from 1997 to 2012.

Roughly every three months, a new show was recorded in an event hall in different cities in Germany and Austria. In each episode, several national, but also international bands and musicians, perform their recent songs in front of a crowd of 5,000 to 15,000 people. Additionally, a compilation album was published when a new episode of The Dome was broadcast.
Time of Desire
Time of Desire or The Horse Dealer's Daughters (Swedish: Hästhandlarens flickor) is a 1954 Swedish drama film directed by Egil Holmsen and starring Barbro Larsson, Margaretha Löwler and George Fant. It was shot at the Sundbyberg Studios of Europa Film in Stockholm and on location around Örsundsbro in Uppsala County. It was based on a 1935 short story by Artur Lundkvist. The film's sets were designed by the art director Arne Åkermark. In 1959, it was released on the American art house market by Janus Films.

Europafilm
Europafilm was an influential Swedish film company established in 1929 by Schamyl Bauman and Gustaf Scheutz.

The office was located at Kungsgatan in central Stockholm, while the film studio was located in Mariehäll, Bromma, northwest of Stockholm city. It was acquired by Bonnier in 1984 and merged with Svensk Filmindustri in 1985. It was best known for the films starring Edvard Persson.

Aside from its film activities Europafilm also manufactured electroforming equipment for the vinyl record manufacturing industry. This division was later sold to the now defunct Alpha Toolex AB of Sundyberg, Sweden manufacturers of vinyl record pressing machinery. Both Europafilm plating equipment and Alpha Toolex pressing equipment is still considered to be the finest engineered equipment in their respective categories.
2020 Supercopa Uruguaya
The 2020 Supercopa Uruguaya was the third edition of the Supercopa Uruguaya, Uruguay's football super cup. It was held on 1 February 2020 between 2019 Torneo Intermedio winners Liverpool and 2019 Primera División champions Nacional.

The match was played at Estadio Domingo Burgueño in Maldonado, being this the first time the match was played away from Estadio Centenario in Montevideo due to it undergoing remodeling works.

Liverpool defeated Nacional by a 4–2 score after extra time in order to claim their first Supercopa title.

Maldonado, Uruguay
Maldonado (Spanish pronunciation: [maldoˈnaðo]) is the capital city of Maldonado Department, in eastern Uruguay. According to the 2023 Census, it is the fourth most populated city in the country, with about 102 thousand inhabitants. However, together with the cities of Punta del Este and San Carlos it makes up a conurbation with a population of over 135 thousand inhabitants.
Novospassky District
Novospassky District  (Russian: Новоспа́сский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,301.1 square kilometers (502.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Novospasskoye. Population: 22,478 (2010 Census);  23,852 (2002 Census); 22,734 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Novospasskoye accounts for 49.3% of the district's total population.

Ulyanovsk Oblast
Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian: Ульяновская область, romanized: Ulyanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk. It has a population of 1,292,799 (2010 Census).

The area of Ulyanovsk Oblast corresponds to the former Simbirsk Governorate which formerly existed as an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, replacing the Simbirsk Viceroyalty from 1796 and later, Bolshevik Russia. The governorate was renamed to Ulyanovsk Governorate, in honor of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom he was born in Simbirsk after his death in 1924. In 1928, Ulyanovsk became an okrug and the present day Ulyanovsk Oblast was formed in 1943 merging some parts of Kuybyshev and Penza Oblasts.
La Leona River
The La Leona River is a river of Patagonia, Argentina. It flows in the eastern part of the Los Glaciares National Park. It has its origin in southeast Lake Viedma and winds for about 50 kilometers (30 miles) through the Andes before flowing into Lake Argentino.

Los Glaciares National Park
Los Glaciares National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Los Glaciares) is a federal protected area in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina.

The park covers an area of 726,927 ha (7,269.27 km2; 2,806.68 sq mi), making it the largest national park in the country.
Established on 11 May 1937, it hosts a representative sample of Magellanic subpolar forest and west Patagonian steppe biodiversity in good state of conservation. In 1981, it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

The park's name refers to the giant ice cap in the Andes, the largest outside of Antarctica, Greenland and Iceland, feeding 47 large glaciers, of which 13 flow towards the Pacific Ocean. In other parts of the world, glaciers start at a height of at least 2,500 m (8,200 ft) above mean sea level, but due to the size of the ice cap, these glaciers begin at only 1,500 m (4,900 ft), sliding down to 200 m (660 ft). Los Glaciares borders Torres del Paine National Park to the south in Chilean territory.
1983 Australian Endurance Championship of Makes
The 1983 Australian Endurance Championship of Makes was a CAMS sanctioned national motor racing title open to Group C Touring Cars. The championship was contested over a six-round series with all rounds run concurrently with those of the 1983 Australian Endurance Championship.

Holden and Mazda jointly won the championship on 131 points each. Holden had three wins, a second, a third, and a ninth. Mazda won one race, with two seconds and three thirds. Nissan was the only other outright race winner, having won the opening two rounds.

Group C (Australia)
In relation to Australian motorsport, Group C refers to either of two sets of regulations devised by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS) for use in Australian Touring Car Racing from 1965 to 1984. These are not to be confused with the FIA's Group C sports car regulations, used from 1982 to 1992 for the World Endurance Championship / World Sports-Prototype Championship / World Sportscar Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Arizona Downs
Arizona Downs (formerly known as Yavapai Downs, is a horse racing track in Prescott Valley, Arizona. The track hosts both thoroughbred and quarter horse racing. Formerly known as Yavapai Downs, it last conducted regular races in 2010 and resumed a shortened season of live racing in 2019. Following the COVID pandemic, Arizona Downs ran a mixed Quarter Horse and Thoroughbred race meet in the summer from 2020-2022 and did not race its typical summer meet in 2023 due to financial difficulties.

Prescott Valley, Arizona
Prescott Valley is a town located in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Prescott. According to the 2020 United States census, Prescott Valley has a population of 46,785 residents.
College of Engineering Vadakara
The College of Engineering Vadakara (CEV) is an engineering college in Kozhikode district of  Kerala, established in 1999.

The first engineering college under the Co-operative Academy of Professional Education (CAPE), Thiruvananthapuram, established by Govt. of Kerala, started functioning in June 1999. The college is affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University  and approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram
APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (initially, Kerala Technological University) or KTU is a state public technological university headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

KTU is an All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and University Grants Commission (UGC) approved university that offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral degrees in engineering, technology, and management-related streams. Named after the Indian aerospace scientist and statesman A. P. J. Abdul Kalam in 2015, it is both an affiliation and teaching university, with more than 170 affiliated colleges and over 160,000 students enrolled, having jurisdiction over the 14 districts of Kerala.

It is a relatively new and reformed technological university, with its first batch enrolled in the academic year 2015-16.
2014 Reading Borough Council election
Elections to Reading Borough Council took place on 22 May 2014, with 15 council seats up for election. The Labour Party repeated their wins of 2012 gaining Church, Katesgrove, Redlands, Kentwood and Caversham wards, giving them a total of 31 Councillors. The Conservative Party lost three seats but gained Peppard ward from an independent. The Liberal Democrats lost two seats but held Tilehurst ward. The Green Party held Park ward including a by-election caused by the resignation of one of their Councillors. UKIP stood a record number of candidates at the election but failed to gain any council seats.

The elections were held on the same day as the 2014 European Elections.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Tilehurst (Reading ward)
Tilehurst is an electoral ward of the Borough of Reading, in the English county of Berkshire. It forms part of the larger Reading suburb of Tilehurst, which also includes parts of other borough wards, together with the civil parish of Tilehurst Without that is outside the borough boundary in the district of West Berkshire.