hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Uman (1674)
The siege of Uman or defence of Uman was a siege of the city of Uman conducted by the Ottoman grand vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha against the Cossack garrison in the city led by colonel Stepan Yavorsky during the 1674 campaign of Romodanovsky and Samoylovych. The city was eventually captured and sacked.

Uman
Uman (Ukrainian: Умань, IPA: [ˈumɐnʲ] ⓘ, Polish: Humań, Yiddish: אומאַן) is a city in Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located to the east of Vinnytsia. Located in the east of the historical region of Podolia, the city rests on the banks of the Umanka River. Uman serves as the administrative center of Uman Raion (district). It hosts the administration of Uman urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 81,525 (2022 estimate).

Among Ukrainians, Uman is known for its mention in Taras Shevchenko's longest poem, Haidamaky ("The Haidamaks", 1841). The city is also a pilgrimage site for Breslov Hasidic Jews and a major center of gardening research containing the dendrological park Sofiyivka and the University of Gardening.

Uman (Humań) was a privately owned city of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Haggadah
The Haggadah (Hebrew: הַגָּדָה, "telling"; plural: Haggadot) is a foundational Jewish text that sets forth the order of the Passover Seder. According to Jewish practice, reading the Haggadah at the Seder table fulfills the mitzvah incumbent on every Jew to recount the Egyptian Exodus story to their children on the first night of Passover.

Charoset
Charoset is a sweet, dark-colored mixture of finely chopped fruits and nuts eaten at the Passover Seder.  According to the Talmud, its color and texture are meant to recall mortar (or mud used to make adobe bricks), which the Israelites used during their  enslavement in Ancient Egypt, as mentioned in Tractate Pesahim 116a of the Talmud.  The word comes from the Hebrew word for clay (Hebrew: חֶרֶס, romanized: ḥéres).

Charoset is one of the symbolic foods on the Passover Seder plate. After reciting the blessings, and eating first maror dipped in charoset and then a matzah "Hillel sandwich" (with two matzot) combining charoset and maror, people often eat the remainder spread on matzah.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia
The 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia were held on November 7, 2006 to determine who will represent the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States House of Representatives. Virginia has eleven seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

Wesley Clark 2004 presidential campaign
The 2004 presidential campaign of Wesley Clark, a retired U.S. Army general who served as Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACE) from 1997 to 2000, officially began on September 17, 2003. A movement to draft Clark for the Democratic nomination began in April 2003, and was led by activists who felt Clark's military service and criticism of the War in Iraq made him a strong candidate. Prior to announcing his campaign, Clark was not known to have publicly identified with either party.

Clark's candidacy was met with strong early support among Democrats, with polling taken in fall 2003 showing Clark as a leading candidate for the nomination. However, after losing several crucial early primary states, Clark ended up dropping out of the race on February 11, 2004. On February 13, 2004, Clark endorsed John Kerry at a  rally in Madison, Wisconsin.
Recipes for Love and Murder
Recipes for Love and Murder is a South African/Scottish cosy mystery dark comedy television series based on the Tannie Maria Mystery novels by Sally Andrew. The first two episodes screened at the 72nd Berlinale Series Market. Season 1 began airing on 20 March 2022 on M-Net. Distributed by MultiChoice and Global Screen, and was released internationally on Acorn TV on 5 September. In November 2023, Acorn TV announced that Season 2 would begin filming in 2024.

MultiChoice
MultiChoice is a South African company, owned by  French media conglomerate Canal+, that operates DStv, a major satellite television service in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also operates GOtv, a minor terrestrial TV service operating in 9 countries, and Showmax, a subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service.
Per Ivar Gjærum
Per Ivar Gjærum (born 10 August 1948) a Norwegian organizational theorist, and Emeritus Associate Professor of Finance and Management Science at the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH). His specialty fields involve investment and project analysis.

Gjærum has also been visiting professor at London Business School. He served as rector of NHH from October 2001 to August 2005. His predecessor was Victor D. Norman and he was succeeded by Jan Haaland.

London Business School
London Business School (LBS) is a business school and a constituent college of the federal University of London. LBS was founded in 1964 and awards post-graduate degrees (Master's degrees in management and finance, MBA and PhD). Its motto is "To have a profound impact on the way the world does business".

London Business School's main campus is located at Sussex Place in London, adjacent to Regent's Park. In 2012, it expanded its teaching facilities by 70% by acquiring the Marylebone Town Hall (now The Sammy Ofer Centre), and in 2017 the neighboring Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. LBS has a secondary campus in Dubai that is dedicated to the Dubai EMBA and Executive Education.
Jack M. Wilson
Jack M. Wilson (born 1945) is an American educator,  entrepreneur and the President-Emeritus and Distinguished Professor of Higher Education, Emerging Technologies, and Innovation at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. During his career, he has served various institutions as professor of physics, department chair, research center director, dean, provost, vice president, and president, and has served with multiple professional societies and government committees.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Gulabrao Maharaj
Gulabrao Maharaj (6 July 1881 – 20 September 1915) was a Hindu saint from Maharashtra, India. Despite being blind, he is credited with providing a spiritual and philosophical vision to people. During his lifetime of 34 years, he wrote 139 books on various subjects, comprising more than 6,000 pages, along with 130 commentaries and approximately 25,000 stanzas of poetry.

Shastra
Śāstra (Sanskrit: शास्त्र, romanized: Śāstra pronounced [ɕaːstrɐ]) is a Sanskrit word that means "precept, rules, manual, compendium, book or treatise" in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the Indian literature context, for technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice.

Śāstra has a similar meaning to English -logy, e.g. ecology, psychology, meaning scientific and basic knowledge on a particular subject. Examples in terms of modern neologisms include

bhautikaśāstra 'physics',

rasaśāstra 'chemistry',

jīvaśāstra 'biology',

vāstuśāstra 'architectural science',

śilpaśāstra 'science of mechanical arts and sculpture',

arthaśāstra 'science of politics and economics',

nītiśāstra 'compendium of ethics or right policy', and

natyasāstra 'art of performing arts.'

In Western literature, Śāstra is sometimes spelled as Sastra, reflecting a misunderstanding of the IAST symbol 'ś', which corresponds to the English 'sh'.
Purple chip
Purple chip stock is a kind of stock in Hong Kong which is both blue chip (Hang Seng Index constituents) and red chip (state controlled companies incorporated outside of Mainland China) stock listed in Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

Red chip
Red chip stocks (Chinese: 红筹股; pinyin: hóng chóu gǔ; Jyutping: hung4 chau4 gu2) are the stocks of mainland China companies incorporated outside mainland China (often Hong Kong or a British Overseas Territory) and listed in the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. It refers to businesses based in mainland China and with (majority) shares controlled either directly or indirectly by a government body. This controlling entity could be one or more combinations of the central, provincial or municipal mainland government, with the company listed in Hong Kong to allow private and overseas investment.

The term was coined by Hong Kong economist Alex Tang in 1992 and combines blue chip stocks with "red" representing the socialist economic philosophy of the People's Republic of China.
Future rave
Future rave is a genre of EDM coined by disk jockey/producers David Guetta and Morten Breum. The sound is noted as a combination of techno and progressive house. In 2022, the pair went on a tour under the name Future Rave. The style was popularized by other EDM artists such as Hardwell.

Aloe Blacc
Egbert Nathaniel Dawkins III (born January 7, 1979), known professionally as Aloe Blacc (/ˈæloʊ ˈblæk/ ⓘ), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer. He is known for his guest performance on Avicii's 2013 single "Wake Me Up", which topped the charts in 22 countries, including in Australia and the UK. As a lead artist, he is known for his singles "I Need a Dollar" and "The Man", the latter of which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. Aside from his solo career, Aloe Blacc is also a member of the hip hop duo Emanon, alongside American record producer Exile.
Maurice Pechet
Maurice Pechet (February 10, 1918 – March 5, 2012) was a professor, scientist, doctor, inventor, and philanthropist. Pechet made substantial contributions to the field of internal medicine, in particular in the domain of developing new antirachitic sterols to treat metabolic bone disease. He resided in Cambridge, Massachusetts for most of his life. At Harvard University, he was a student (earning both a chemistry PhD in 1944 and MD in 1948), professor, and doctor (Massachusetts General Hospital), and was involved with the campus for 70 years.

Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General or MGH) is a teaching hospital located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is the original and largest clinical education and research facility of Harvard Medical School/Harvard University, and houses the world's largest hospital-based research program with an annual research budget of more than $1.2 billion in 2021. It is the third-oldest general hospital in the United States with a patient capacity of 999 beds. Along with Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General is a founding member of Mass General Brigham, formerly known as Partners HealthCare, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts.
Columbia, Tuscarawas County, Ohio
Columbia is an unincorporated community in Franklin Township, Tuscarawas County, Ohio, United States. It is located near Strasburg, Parral, and Dover. Despite being in Franklin Township, Columbia uses Dover's Zip Code, 44622.

Dover, Ohio
Dover is a city in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, United States, along the Tuscarawas River. The population was 13,112 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city of the New Philadelphia–Dover micropolitan area, approximately 68 miles (109 km) south of Cleveland and borders the city of New Philadelphia.
Chaos Is Me
Chaos Is Me is the debut studio album by American screamo band Orchid. It was released on June 21, 1999, through Ebullition Records. Chaos Is Me heralded the change of the guard for extreme music, and brought both Amherst, Massachusetts and Hampshire College to the forefront of the scene's attention. The album was released on black, clear yellow, green, and red vinyl in 1999, and was also included on a 2002 compilation CD that included its follow-up Dance Tonight! Revolution Tomorrow!. It has since been reissued multiple times, on magenta vinyl in 2013, lavender vinyl in 2015, yellow vinyl in 2018, and received a 20th anniversary reissue in 2019.

Hampshire College
Hampshire College is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States. It was opened in 1970 as an experiment in alternative education, in association with four other colleges in the Pioneer Valley: Amherst College, Smith College, Mount Holyoke College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Together they are known as the Five College Consortium. The campus also houses the National Yiddish Book Center and Eric Carle Museum, and hosts the annual Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics.

The college utilizes an alternative curriculum, with an emphasis on progressive pedagogy and self-directed academic concentrations, a focus on portfolios rather than distribution requirements, and a reliance on narrative evaluations instead of grades and GPAs.
Bob Bergman
Robert Bergman is an American former football and track and field coach. He served as the head football coach at the Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology in Terre Haute, Indiana from 1968 to 1976 and DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana from 1977 to 1978, compiling a career college football coaching record of 39–60–2.

Bergman graduated from Batesville High School in Batesville, Indiana and then attended Hanover College in Hanover, Indiana, where he played college football. He began his coaching career in the high school ranks in the state of Indiana, working as an assistant football, assistant basketball, and head track coach at Westfield High School and Sheridan High School. In 1964, he was named head football coach at Attica High School, where he served for two seasons.  He held the same position at Greencastle High School in 1966 and 1967.

Hanover College
Hanover College is a private college in Hanover, Indiana, United States, affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA). Founded in 1827 by Reverend John Finley Crowe, it is Indiana's oldest private college. The Hanover athletic teams participate in the NCAA Division III as a member of the Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference. Alumni are known as Hanoverians.
Camile Velasco
Ciara-Camile "Camile" Roque Velasco (born September 1, 1985), known by her stage name Eli-Mac, is a Filipino American singer and came in ninth place on the third season of the reality/talent-search television series American Idol. She is one-quarter Irish, one-quarter Spanish, and half Filipino.

Stephen Marley
Stephen Robert Nesta Marley (born April 20, 1972) is a Jamaican-American musician. The son of Bob Marley, Marley is an eight-time Grammy Award winner, three times as a solo artist, twice as a producer of his younger paternal half-brother Damian Marley's Halfway Tree and Welcome to Jamrock albums, and a further three times as a member of his older brother Ziggy Marley's group Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers.

Marley's 2011 album Revelation Pt. 1 – The Root of Life won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album in 2012. His follow-up, Revelation Pt. 2 – The Fruit of Life, was released on July 22, 2016.

In several of his self-produced solo albums Mind Control (2007), Mind Control Acoustic (2008), Revelation Part I: The Root of Life (2011) and Revelation Part II: The Fruit of Life (2016) he has composed and produced all the songs on his album, and he has played a variety of the musical instruments himself.
Swansea University Students' Union
Swansea University Students' Union (Welsh: Undeb Myfyrwyr Prifysgol Abertawe) is the students' union for Swansea University and is part of the National Union of Students of the United Kingdom. The Students' Union aims to promote the interests of students at the University.

Its offices are located on both Swansea University campuses, in Faraday Tower on Singleton Park Campus and Y Twyni on Bay Campus.

National Union of Students (United Kingdom)
The National Union of Students (NUS) is a confederation of student unions across the United Kingdom. Approximately 600 student unions are affiliated, accounting for more than 95% of all higher and further education unions in the UK. Although the National Union of Students is the central organization for all affiliated unions in the UK, there are also the devolved national sub-bodies: NUS Scotland in Scotland, NUS Wales (UCM Cymru) in Wales and NUS-USI in Northern Ireland (the latter being jointly administered by Aontas na Mac Léinn in Éirinn).

NUS is a member of the European Students' Union.
1990 Virginia Slims of Washington
The 1990 Virginia Slims of Washington was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the GWU Charles Smith Center in Washington, D.C. in the United States and was part of Tier II of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and ran from February 19 through February 25, 1990. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title, her ninth at the event.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
2023 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis de Campinas
The 2023 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 12th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Campinas, Brazil between 2 and 8 October 2023.

Campinas
Campinas (/kæmˈpiːnəs/ kam-PEE-nəs, Brazilian Portuguese: [kɐ̃ˈpinɐs]; lit. 'Plains, Meadows') is a city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, located 84 kilometers northwest of the city of São Paulo. As of 2024, the city's population is estimated at 1,185,977, making it the fourteenth most populous Brazilian city and the third most populous in São Paulo state. The city's metropolitan area encompasses twenty municipalities with a total population of 3,491,150 people.
Benjarong
Benjarong (Thai เบญจรงค์) porcelain ware is a kind of painted Thai ceramics. While the name literally means "five colours (Wucai)," it is a figurative description and actual decoration can have anywhere between three and eight colours. For the decoration,  repetitive forms, usually geometric or flower-based, are used. A design is usually named after the decoration base name and a background color (for example, Phum Kao Bin on dark blue).

Enamel colors are applied and overglazed, creating a swelling effect over the surface of the piece. The production process is extremely labor-intensive, as each color is applied individually and the piece is kiln fired after the application of each color. The firing process brightens the colors of the finished piece and adds to its beauty. Gold is also used in painting the porcelain.

Thai script
The Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai, pronounced [ʔàksɔ̌ːn tʰāj]) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand. The Thai script itself (as used to write Thai) has 44 consonant symbols (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 16 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 32 vowel forms, four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut), and other diacritics.

Although commonly referred to as the Thai alphabet, the script is not a true alphabet but an abugida, a writing system in which the full characters represent consonants with diacritical marks for vowels; the absence of a vowel diacritic gives an implied 'a' or 'o'. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, and vowels following a consonant in speech are written above, below, to the left or to the right of it, or a combination of those.
Johannes Soans
Johannes Soans (also Juhan Soans; 31 January 1867 in Kuivajõe Parish, Harju County – 19 August 1932 Tallinn) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu. On 15 March 1922, he resigned his position and he was replaced by Sergei Andrejev.

1st Riigikogu
The 1st Riigikogu was the first legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1920 elections (held on 27–29 November 1920). It sat between 20 December 1920 and 30 May 1923, before the next round of elections were held.
New Journal of Physics
New Journal of Physics is an online-only, open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in all aspects of physics, as well as interdisciplinary topics where physics forms the central theme. The journal was established in 1998 and is a joint publication of the Institute of Physics and the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. It is published by IOP Publishing. The editor-in-chief is Andreas Buchleitner (Albert Ludwigs University). New Journal of Physics is part of the SCOAP3 initiative.

In April 2023, on occasion of the World Quantum Day, IOP Publishing has launched a special collection of its most important articles published in the field of quantum research. The articles will be extracted from Materials for Quantum Technology, Quantum Science and Technology, New Journal of Physics and Reports on Progress in Physics.

Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics
The Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics (or SCOAP3) is an international collaboration in the high-energy physics community to convert traditional closed access physics journals to open access, freely available for everyone to read and reuse, shifting away the burden of the publishing cost from readers (traditional model) and authors (in the case of hybrid open access journals). Under the terms of the agreement, authors retain copyrights and the articles published under SCOAP3 will be in perpetuity under a CC BY license. The initiative was promoted by CERN in collaboration with international partners.

Participating countries in the agreement sponsor SCOAP3 journals through the consortium, and contribute according to their scientific output. More productive countries pay more, while lower-output countries pay less.
Gregoria Ortega
Gregoria Ortega is a Mexican American activist and religious sister. She is best known for her support of students in an Abilene school walkout and her co-creation of the religious organization for Hispanic sisters and lay women in the Catholic Church, Las Hermanas. She continues to work as an activist today.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.