hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS APc-15
USS APc-15 was a United States Navy APc-1-class small coastal transport vessel in World War II. Laid down on 29 April 1942 as Coastal Minesweeper AMc-155 at Camden Ship Building and Marineway, Camden, Maine, she was launched on 9 July 1942 and commissioned as APc-25 on 27 October 1942.

She served with the Seventh Fleet Amphibious Force in the South West Pacific Area conducting operations off the coast of New Guinea. She took part in the Bismarck Archipelago Operations around Arawe, New Britain between 17-18 and 25-26 December 1943.

New Britain
New Britain (Tok Pisin: Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits) and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe.  The island is roughly the size of Taiwan.

When the island was part of German New Guinea, its name was Neupommern ("New Pomerania").  In common with most of the Bismarcks it was largely formed by volcanic processes, and has active volcanoes including Ulawun (highest volcano nationally), Langila, the Garbuna Group, the Sulu Range, and the volcanoes Tavurvur and Vulcan of the Rabaul caldera. A major eruption of Tavurvur in 1994 destroyed the East New Britain provincial capital of Rabaul. Most of the town still lies under metres of ash, and the capital has been moved to nearby Kokopo.
Lachung Monastery
Lachung Monastery is a Nyingma Buddhist gompa in the Lachung Valley in Mangan district in Northeastern Indian state of Sikkim. It is approx. 50 km from Mangan town, the district headquarters. It was established in 1880.

Lachung means a 'small mountain'. Lachung is at an elevation of about 3,000 m (9,600 ft) at the confluence of the Lachen River and Lachung River, tributaries of the Teesta River. The village is 118 km from Gangtok on the North Sikkim Highway and is the last one before the Indo-Chinese border. It was a trading post between India and Tibet before China forcefully annexed Tibet in 1950. Permits are required for visits to Mangan (Sikkim). The monastery hosts a famous mask dance each year.

Lachung River
The Lachung River is a tributary of the Teesta River located in the East Indian state of Sikkim. It is a chief tributary of the Teesta, which is an important river in Sikkim along with Rangeet River. The village of Lachung is perched on the craggy bank of the river approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) from Chungthang. It is at Chungthang where the Lachung and Lachen rivers converge and give rise to the Teesta. The river is 2,500 metres (8,200 ft)  above sea level.
Eisha Stephen Atieno Odhiambo
Eisha Stephen Atieno Odhiambo (1945 – 25 February 2009)) was a Kenyan academic born in Muhoroni, known for his contributions to the understanding of dangers inherent in politics of knowledge and sociology of power. Dr Odhiambo was professor of history at Rice University in the United States, where he led in the study of cultures. He was educated at Makerere University in Uganda and the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

Odhiambo retired from Rice University due to illness and moved back with his wife to their home in Ndere, Siaya, Kenya, before his 2009 death at the Aga Khan Hospital in Kisumu.

Xalam
Xalam (in Serer, khalam in Wolof, and Molo in Dagbani and Zarma) is a traditional lute from West Africa with 1 to 5 strings. The xalam is commonly played in Mali, Gambia, Senegal, Niger, Northern Nigeria, Northern Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, and Western Sahara. The xalam and its variants are known by various names in other languages, including bappe, diassare, hoddu (Pulaar), koliko (Gurunsi), kologo (Frafra), komsa, kontigi, gurmi, garaya (Hausa), koni, konting (Mandinka), molo (Songhay/Zarma), ndere, ngoni (Bambara), and tidinit (Hassaniyya and Berber).

In Wolof, a person who plays the xalam is called a xalamkat (a word composed of the verbal form of xalam, meaning "to play the xalam", and the agentive suffix -kat, thus meaning "one who xalams").
In Mande, this is ngonifola or konting fola.
In Hausa, this is mai gurmi or mai kontigi.
67th Berlin International Film Festival
The 67th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 9 to 18 February 2017 with Dutch filmmaker Paul Verhoeven as president of the jury.

Django, directed by Etienne Comar, opened the festival. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Hungarian film On Body and Soul directed by Ildikó Enyedi, which also served as closing film of the festival.

Sebastián Lelio
Sebastián Lelio Watt (born 8 March 1974) is a Chilean director, screenwriter, editor and producer. He received critical acclaim for directing the films Gloria (2013) and A Fantastic Woman (2017), the latter of which won an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
Endomorphism
In abstract algebra, an endomorphism is a homomorphism from a mathematical object to itself. More generally in category theory, an endomorphism is a morphism from a category of objects to itself. An endomorphism that is also an isomorphism is an automorphism. For example, an endomorphism of a vector space V is a linear map f: V → V, and an endomorphism of a group G is a group homomorphism f: G → G.

In general, we can talk about endomorphisms in any category. In the category of sets, endomorphisms are functions from a set S to itself.

In any category, the composition of any two endomorphisms of X is again an endomorphism of X.  It follows that the set of all endomorphisms of X forms a monoid, the full transformation monoid, and denoted End(X) (or EndC(X) to emphasize the category C).

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
Tatsuaki Egusa
Tatsuaki Egusa (江種 辰明, Egusa Tatsuaki; born 28 October 1976) is a Japanese judoka. He won a gold medal at the ‍–‍60 kg category in Judo at the 2006 Asian Games.

Egusa is from Yukuhashi, Fukuoka. After graduation from Tenri University, He belongs to Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department.

Tenri University
Tenri University (天理大学, Tenri Daigaku) is a Japanese private university in Tenri, Nara Prefecture, an independent part of the secular mission of the new religious movement Tenrikyo. It was established in February 1925 as the coeducational Tenri Foreign Language School (天理外国語専門学校, Tenri Gaikokugo Senmon Gakkō), enrolling 104 students, and was reorganised as a university in April 1949.
Hollister Pajotte
Hollister Pajotte (born 30 October 1976) is a former Trinidadian cricketer who played a single match for Trinidad and Tobago in West Indian domestic cricket.

Pajotte was born in San Fernando, Trinidad. His first and only match for Trinidad and Tobago came in October 2000, in a limited-overs match against the United States in the 2000–01 Red Stripe Bowl. Pajotte usually played as a wicket-keeper, but due to Keno Mason already taking the wicket-keeping gloves was instead selected solely as a batsman. He came in third in the batting order, after Lincoln Roberts and Andy Jackson, and scored four not out, after his team had earlier bowled their opponents out for just 62 runs. Outside of cricket, Pajotte worked as a policeman.

2000–01 Red Stripe Bowl
The 2000–01 Red Stripe Bowl was the 27th season of what is now the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). It ran from 11 to 22 October 2000.

Ten teams contested the competition – the six regular teams of West Indian domestic cricket (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands), plus four invited international teams from the ICC Americas region (Bermuda, Canada, the Cayman Islands, and the United States). The Cayman Islands team were making their debut in List A cricket. The semi-finals and final of the competition were all held in Jamaica, at Kingston's Sabina Park. The Windward Islands defeated the Leewards in the final to win only their second domestic one-day title. Two players from the Windwards, Junior Murray and Nixon McLean, led the tournament in runs and wickets, respectively, with Murray being named the player of the tournament.
Linda Forsberg
Linda Maria "Foppa" Forsberg (born 19 June 1985) is a former Swedish footballer.

Throughout her career she played for Hammarby IF, Djurgårdens IF and LdB Malmö in Sweden's Damallsvenskan. As a member of the Swedish national team, she played in the 2007 and 2011 World Cups and the 2008 Summer Olympics.

In 2007, Forsberg was voted as the Best Rookie of the Year in Sweden. She subsequently won two leagues with LdB Malmö.

She is not related to Emil Forsberg.

Emil Forsberg
Emil Peter Forsberg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈěːmɪl ˈfɔ̂ʂːbærj]; born 23 October 1991) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or left winger for Major League Soccer club New York Red Bulls and the Sweden national team. He previously played for GIF Sundsvall, Malmö FF and RB Leipzig.

Forsberg was awarded Guldbollen in 2021 as Sweden's best footballer of the year. He has also been voted the Swedish Midfielder of the Year four times (2016, 2017, 2019 and 2021). He was a member of the Sweden squad that reached the quarter-finals of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and also represented his country at UEFA Euro 2016 and 2020, the latter of which he scored four goals in four games. He is known for his quick, effective passing style, and is a creative playmaker renowned for his ability to create chances and assists.
Arianiti family
The Arianiti were a noble Albanian family that ruled large parts of Albania and neighboring territories from the 11th to the 16th century. Their domain stretched across the Shkumbin valley and the old Via Egnatia road and reached east to today's Bitola.

Shkumbin
The Shkumbin (/ʃkuːmbiːn/; Albanian pronunciation: [ʃkumbin]) is a river in Albania. It is 181.4 km (112.7 mi) long and its drainage basin is 2,444 km2 (944 sq mi). Its average discharge is 61.5 m3/s (2,170 cu ft/s).
Josef Johann Steinmann
Josef Johann Steinmann (8 March 1779, in Lanškroun – 9 July 1833, in Prague) was an Austrian pharmacist and chemist.

He worked as a pharmacist in Lanškroun and Prague, during which time, he conducted botanical investigations in the Giant Mountains and in Glatzer Land. Later on, he studied pharmacy in Berlin as a student of Sigismund Friedrich Hermbstädt, then in 1806–08 furthered his education at the University of Vienna, where his instructors included botanist Joseph Franz von Jacquin and naturalist Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers. From 1812 to 1817 he served as an assistant to chemist Karl August Neumann at the Prague Polytechnical Institute, where in 1817 he was appointed a professor of chemistry.

He provided chemical analyses of mineral springs at Marienbad, Bílina, Karlovy Vary, et al., and is credited with describing a new mineral species (cronstedtite, 1821). He also made significant contributions to the National Museum in Prague.

Joseph Franz von Jacquin
Joseph Franz Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Joseph von Jacquin (7 February 1766, in Schemnitz – 26 October 1839, in Vienna) was an Austrian scientist who studied medicine, chemistry, zoology and botany. The standard author abbreviation J.Jacq. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. He was the son of the botanist Nikolaus von Jacquin.
Robert Jocelyn, 1st Viscount Jocelyn
Robert Jocelyn, 1st Viscount Jocelyn PC (I) SL (c. 1688 ? – 3 December 1756) was an Anglo-Irish politician and judge and member of the Peerage of Ireland, best known for serving as Lord Chancellor of Ireland.

Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke
Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, PC (1 December 1690 – 6 March 1764) was an English lawyer and politician who served as Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. He was a close confidant of the Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister between 1754 and 1756 and 1757 until 1762.
A Death-Bed
"A Death-Bed" is a poem by English poet and writer Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936). It was first published in April 1919, in the collection The Years Between. Later publications identified the year of writing as 1918. Kipling's only son, John, had been reported missing in action in 1915, during the Battle of Loos, leaving him grief-stricken. "A Death-Bed" has been variously described as "the most savage poem Kipling ever wrote", "the chilling and pitiless masterpiece"  and as "overtly distasteful".

John Kipling
Second Lieutenant John Kipling (17 August 1897 – 27 September 1915) was a British Army officer. The only son of English author Rudyard Kipling, during World War I, his father used his influence to gain Kipling a commission in the British army despite being rejected for poor eyesight. Kipling's death at the Battle of Loos caused his family immense grief.
Dominic Maloney
Dominic "Dom" Maloney (born 12 March 1987), also known by the nickname of "Big Dom", is an English rugby league footballer who has played in the 2000s and 2010s. He has played at club level for the Castleford Tigers, in National League One for Dewsbury Rams, in 2009's Super League XIV for Hull F.C., in the Co-operative Championship for Halifax (two spells, including the first on loan from Hull F.C.), Featherstone Rovers, and the Hemel Stags (2014 and 2016), as a prop.

Hemel Stags
The Hemel Stags are an amateur rugby league club based in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. They were semi-professional and played in Betfred League 1 from 2013 until 2018. They withdrew from the professional system when their licence was purchased by Eric Perez and permission was granted by the RFL to relocate it, this would ultimately lead to Cornwall R.L.F.C. entering League 1. The extensive community rugby league teams at Hemel Stags were unaffected As such, Hemel Stags still ran an amateur team at the Southern Conference League East Division in the 2021 season.
Clann Fhearghaile
Clann Fhergail was a cantred located in County Galway, comprising the baronies of Moycullen and Galway, and the parishes of Oranmore and Ballynacourty and Rahoon.

Crichaireacht cinedach nduchasa Muintiri Murchada is a tract dating since the reign of its overlord, Flaithbertaigh Ua Flaithbertaigh who died 1098 (he was the King of Connacht from 1092-1098). This list contains the main families of the region and their estates within Clann Fhergail. The first listed was the family of Halloran.

Oranmore
Oranmore (Irish: Órán Mór or Uarán Mór) is a town in County Galway, Ireland, 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Galway city on an inlet of Galway Bay. At the 2022 census, Oranmore had a population of 5,819. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.
Theodoros Galanis
Theodoros Galanis (Greek: Θεόδωρος Γαλάνης, born 14 July 1980) is a Greek footballer. He played for the Cypriot Cup winners, APOP Kinyras Peyias. He started his career from Panetolikos and also played for Panargiakos and Ethnikos Asteras. From 2006 to 2010, he was under contract with APOP Kinyras Peyias, with which he celebrated his first and only title, the Cypriot Cup 2008–09.

Panargiakos F.C.
Panargiakos Football Club (Greek: Παναργειακός Α.Π.Ο.) is a Greek football club based in Argos, Greece. The association was founded in 1926. The club is a founding member of the Argolida Football Clubs Association.

Panargiakos played in the First Division during the 1956–57 Panhellenic Championship and in the second level of Greek football several times: 1965–1967, 1970–1975, 1981–1982, 1990–1998, and from 2024. In 2008, they were promoted to Gamma Ethniki.
Miguel Maza Márquez
General Miguel Alfredo Maza Márquez (born 1942 in Santa Marta, Magdalena) is a retired Colombian general, who was director of the Administrative Department of Security (DAS) from 1985 to 1991.

On May 30, 1989, a bombing attempt on his life left four dead and 37 wounded. In December 1989, he survived another attempted assassination by Pablo Escobar's Medellin Cartel, the DAS Building bombing which killed 63 people.

In November 2016, the Colombian Supreme Court sentenced him to 30 years in prison for his participation in the assassination of liberal Presidential candidate Luis Carlos Galán in August 1989.

Santa Marta
Santa Marta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌsanta ˈmaɾta]), officially the Distrito Turístico, Cultural e Histórico de Santa Marta (English: Historic, Cultural & Tourist District of Santa Marta), is a port city on the coast of the Caribbean Sea in northern Colombia. It is the capital of Magdalena Department and the fourth-largest urban city of the Caribbean Region of Colombia, after Barranquilla, Cartagena, and Soledad. Founded on July 29, 1525, by the Spanish conqueror Rodrigo de Bastidas, it was one of the first Spanish settlements in Colombia, its oldest surviving city, and second-oldest in South America. This city is situated on a bay by the same name and as such, it is a prime tourist destination in the Caribbean region.
PTPRC
Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C also known as PTPRC is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene.  PTPRC is also known as CD45 antigen (CD stands for cluster of differentiation), which was originally called leukocyte common antigen (LCA).

PTPRC is a critical enzyme involved in regulating immune cell function. PTPRC is a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of all nucleated hematopoietic cells, particularly lymphocytes. It plays a key role in the activation and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and other immune cells by modulating signaling pathways. It functions by dephosphorylating specific tyrosine residues on target proteins, thereby controlling various signaling processes essential for immune response and homeostasis.

Blood cell
A blood cell (also called a hemocyte or hematocyte) is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood. Major types of blood cells include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). Together, these three kinds of blood cells add up to a total 45% of the blood tissue by volume, with the remaining 55% of the volume composed of plasma, the liquid component of blood.

Blood cells with differentiation potential are called hematopoietic cells; the ones with the most such potential are hematopoietic stem cells.
International Society for the History of Rhetoric
The International Society for the History of Rhetoric (ISHR) is the premier international academic association that promotes the historical study of rhetoric.  ISHR was founded in Zurich, Switzerland in 1977 and brings together interdisciplinary scholars from fields such as history, classics, philology, literature, linguistics, philosophy, politics, law, communication, and composition.

Rhetorica
Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric is the official publication of the International Society for the History of Rhetoric. It is a peer-reviewed quarterly academic journal published University of California Press, in Berkeley, California. The journal includes articles, book reviews and bibliographies that examine the theory and practice of rhetoric in all periods and languages and their relationship with poetics, philosophy, religion and law. The official languages of the Society and of the journal are English, French, German, Italian, Latin, and Spanish, with articles and features corresponding.
Lakeside Joondalup
Lakeside Joondalup is a major shopping centre in the Perth suburb of Joondalup. Located adjacent to the Joondalup railway station, it is the third largest shopping centre in Western Australia after Westfield Carousel and Karrinyup Shopping Centre. The centre contains three supermarkets, Woolworths, Coles and Aldi, three discount department stores, Big W, Kmart and Target, and the department store Myer.

Kmart Australia
Kmart Australia Limited (/ˈkeɪmɑːrt/ KAY-mart), trading as Kmart, is an Australian chain of discount department stores owned by the Kmart Group division of Wesfarmers. Kmart operates stores in Australia and New Zealand and is part of the Kmart Group alongside Target Australia.

Kmart was established in 1969 with the opening of its first store at Burwood East, Victoria. In the 2010s, the chain undertook a major merchandising and store-layout redesign under Wesfarmers, expanding the role of private-label products (including its dominant house brand Anko) and increasing emphasis on everyday low pricing.
Manuel Duarte Ramírez
Manuel Duarte Ramírez (born 29 November 1962) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). 
In the 2000 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Michoacán's second district during the 
58th Congress (2000–2003).

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
Granite Island Recreation Park
Granite Island Recreation Park is a protected area including all of Granite Island, which is about 0.6 kilometres (0.37 miles) south-east of Victor Harbor in South Australia and about 120 kilometres (75 miles) south of Adelaide.  It is reported as being "the most visited park in South Australia".  It was proclaimed in 1999 under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 and is categorised as an IUCN Category IV protected area.

Victor Harbor, South Australia
Victor Harbor is a town in the Australian state of South Australia located within the City of Victor Harbor on the south coast of the Fleurieu Peninsula, about 82 kilometres (51 mi) south of the state capital of Adelaide. The town is the largest population centre on the peninsula, with an economy based upon agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. It is a popular tourist destination, with the area's population greatly expanded during the summer holidays, usually by Adelaide locals looking to escape the summer heat.

The coast stretching for around 50 km (31 mi) from west of Victor Harbor along to Goolwa is often referred to as the South Coast, especially among surfers, as many of the beaches on this stretch are popular surfing spots.

It is a popular destination with South Australian high school graduates for their end of year celebrations, known colloquially as schoolies.