hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Caspari
David Caspari (5 March 1648 – 28 February 1702) was a German Lutheran theologian. He was the father of Georg Caspari.

Born in Königsberg, Duchy of Prussia, Caspari studied at the Albertina and the universities of Jena, Wittenberg, Leipzig, Altdorf, Strassburg, and Helmstedt. He became sub-inspector at the Albertina in 1676. Two years later he was appointed rector of Riga Cathedral's school. Caspari died in Riga as the school's superintendent.

University of Strasbourg
The University of Strasbourg (French: Université de Strasbourg, Unistra) is a public research university located in Strasbourg, France, with over 52000 students and 3300 researchers. Founded in the 16th century by Johannes Sturm, it was a center of intellectual life during the Age of Enlightenment.

In the 1970s, the old university was reorganized into three distinct institutions, which were consolidated in 2009. The current University of Strasbourg comprises 35 academic faculties, schools, and institutes, as well as 71 research laboratories spread across six campuses, including the historic site in the Neustadt.

Throughout its existence, Unistra alumni, faculty, or researchers have included 18 Nobel laureates, two Fields Medalists and a wide range of notable individuals in their respective fields. Among them are Goethe, statesman Robert Schuman, historian Marc Bloch and several chemists such as Louis Pasteur.
Clay Doggett
Clay Doggett (born September 5, 1983) is an American businessman, law enforcement officer, and politician from the state of Tennessee. A Republican, Doggett has represented the 70th district of the Tennessee House of Representatives, based in Giles and Lawrence Counties, since 2019.

Lawrence County, Tennessee
Lawrence County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee, in the southwestern part of Middle Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,159. Its county seat and largest city is Lawrenceburg. Lawrence County comprises the Lawrenceburg, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN Combined Statistical Area.
1982 Brownlow Medal
The 1982 Brownlow Medal was the 55th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Victorian Football League (VFL) home and away season. Brian Wilson of the Melbourne Football Club won the medal by polling twenty-three votes during the 1982 VFL season.

1982 VFL season
The 1982 VFL season was the 86th season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured twelve clubs, ran from 20 March until 25 September, and comprised a 22-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top five clubs.

The season saw the VFL establish its first permanent interstate presence, as the South Melbourne Football Club (which was known after June just as the Swans, being renamed Sydney the following year) played all of its home games on Sunday afternoons in Sydney, New South Wales.

The premiership was won by the Carlton Football Club for the 14th time and second time consecutively, after it defeated Richmond by 18 points in the VFL grand final.
2021–22 Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball team
The 2021–22 Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball team represented the University of Colorado Boulder in the 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by head coach Tad Boyle in his twelfth season at Colorado. The Buffaloes played their home games at CU Events Center in Boulder, Colorado as members of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 21–12, 12–8 in Pac-12 Play to finish in 4th place. They defeated Oregon in the quarterfinals of the Pac-12 tournament before losing in the semifinals to Arizona. They received an at-large bid to the National Invitation Tournament, where they lost in the first round to St. Bonaventure.

2022 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2022 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament was a postseason men's basketball tournament for the Pac-12 Conference held March 9–12, 2022, at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The tournament winner, the Arizona Wildcats, received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
US Tébessa
Union Sportive de Tébessa (Arabic: إتحاد تبسة), known as US Tébessa, or simply UST for short, is an Algerian football club based in the city of Tébessa. The club was founded in 1936 and its colours are yellow and black. Their home stadium, 4 March 1956 Stadium, has a capacity of 11,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Inter-Régions Division.

Interregional League
The Interregional Football League (Arabic: رابطة مابين الجهات لكرة القدم) is the third-highest division overall in the Algerian football league system. The division has six groups based on the region of the country, which are East, West and Centre-East, Centre-West, South-east and South-west each containing 16 teams from their respective regions. Each year, the first from each group are promoted to League 2 and the last three clubs from each group are relegated to the Ligue Régional I.
Ole Bjørn Støle
Ole Bjørn Støle (9 April 1950 – 19 November 2010) was a Norwegian judge.

He was born in Bergen, and graduated as cand.jur. from the University of Bergen in 1976. He worked in the Ministry of Justice and the Police from 1976, was a deputy judge in Kristiansand City Court from 1978, and worked in the Office of the Attorney General of Norway from 1980. He was then a private lawyer from 1985 to 2002, except for the years 1990–1993 when he was a presiding judge in Gulating. He was a Supreme Court Justice from 2002. He was later appointed an ad litem judge at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, and was thus granted a leave of absence in Norway. He died in November 2010.

Gulating Court of Appeal
The Gulating Court of Appeal (Norwegian: Gulating lagmannsrett) is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the city of Bergen. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Vestland and Rogaland plus Sirdal Municipality in Agder county. These areas constitute the Gulating judicial district (Norwegian: Gulating lagdømme). This court can rule on both civil and criminal cases that are appealed from one of its subordinate district courts. Court decisions can be, to a limited extent, appealed to the Supreme Court of Norway.  There are 33 permanent judges seated on this court. The chief judicial officer of the court (Norwegian: førstelagmann) is currently Magni Elsheim (as of 2016). The court is administered by the Norwegian National Courts Administration.
Read It and Weep
Read It and Weep is a 2006 American comedy-drama film released as a Disney Channel Original Movie. It premiered on July 21, 2006. It is based on the novel How My Private, Personal Journal Became A Bestseller by Julia DeVillers. Sisters Kay and Danielle Panabaker star as Jamie Bartlett and her alter ego Isabella (Iz or Is), respectively. Both sisters have starred in previous Disney Channel films: Kay in Life Is Ruff (2005), and Danielle in Stuck in the Suburbs (2004); like Read It and Weep, those films also premiered in July in their respective years.

Alter ego
An alter ego (Latin for "other I") means an alternate self, which is believed to be distinct from a person's normal or true original personality. Finding one's alter ego will require finding one's other self, one with a different personality. Additionally, the altered states of the ego may themselves be referred to as alterations.

A distinct meaning of alter ego is found in the literary analysis used when referring to fictional literature and other narrative forms, describing a key character in a story who is perceived to be intentionally representative of the work's author (or creator), by oblique similarities, in terms of psychology, behaviour, speech, or thoughts, often used to convey the author's thoughts. The term is also sometimes, but less frequently, used to designate a hypothetical "twin" or "best friend" to a character in a story. Similarly, the term alter ego may be applied to the role or persona taken on by an actor or by other types of performers.
Airhub Airlines
Airhub Airlines is a charter and cargo airline based in Luqa, Malta, and a sister company of Lithuanian charter airline GetJet Airlines. The airline operates charter and cargo flights to destinations worldwide, using its own, leased, or commercially operated aircraft. Its main focus is on ACMI leasing.

GetJet Airlines
GetJet Airlines is a Lithuanian charter airline company founded in 2016.

GetJet Airlines has operated ACMI wet leases for airlines including Wizz Air, Finnair, Transavia, Icelandair, TUI Airways, Vueling, Air Serbia and others.
Grutten Hut
The Grutten Hut (German: Gruttenhütte) is an Alpine club hut situated at a height of 1620 metres in the Kaisergebirge in Tyrol, Austria.  It is owned by the Turner Alps Kränzchen Section of the German Alpine Club. It is the highest mountain hut in the Kaiser Mountains.

German Alpine Club
The German Alpine Club (German: Deutscher Alpenverein, DAV for short) is the world's largest climbing association and the eighth-largest sporting association in Germany. It is a member of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the competent body for sport and competition climbing, hiking, mountaineering, hill walking, ice climbing, mountain expeditions, as well as ski mountaineering. It is an association made up of local branches known as 'sections'.
Aerials water ramps
Water ramps into oversized pools, ponds, or lakes are constructed as training locations for aerial skiing, mogul skiing, and snowboarding acrobatics events.  Such structures typically comprise three sections: in-run, a kicker, and a water surface for landing. They permit the practice of new skills with reduced risk, as the impact of a water landing is less dangerous than a comparable impact on compacted snow.

Water landing
In aviation, a water landing is, in the broadest sense, an aircraft landing on a body of water. Seaplanes, such as floatplanes and flying boats, land on water as a normal operation. Ditching is a controlled emergency landing on the water surface in an aircraft not designed for the purpose, and it is a very rare occurrence. Controlled flight into the surface and uncontrolled flight ending in a body of water (including a runway excursion into water) are generally not considered water landings or ditching, but are considered accidents. Most times, ditching results in aircraft structural failure.
Giorgio Bronzini
Giorgio Bronzini (born 20 April 1990) is a retired Italian rugby union player. His usual position was a scrum-half and he currently is named coach for Viadana Academy.

From 2016 to 2019 he played with Italian Pro14 team Benetton.

From 2013 to 2016 Bronzini was named with Emerging Italy and in 2016 with Italy squad. He represented Italy on 10 occasions in 2016.
In 2018 he played also with Italy Sevens.

Italy national rugby sevens team
The Italy national rugby sevens team has occasionally competed in the IRB Sevens World Series since the series' was introduced in 1999, although they do not participate in every leg. Their first (and currently only) ever points in the World Series came in 2003, when they scored four points in the Cardiff leg of the series. Italy also competes in the Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series each summer.

Italy also plays qualifying matches for two quadrennial tournaments—the Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Summer Olympics. Italy has participated in the Sevens World Cup multiple times, but has not qualified for the Olympics.
Willowridge High School (Houston)
Willowridge High School is a public high school in Houston, Texas, United States. It is part of the Fort Bend Independent School District. Willowridge serves grades 9 through 12.

The school serves many areas of east Fort Bend County east and north of FM 2234, and a section of Houston inside Fort Bend County, including the neighborhoods of Briargate, Chasewood, Willow Park II, Mayfair Park, Ridgemont, Ridgegate, and Briar Villa. The school also serves the Fort Bend County portion of Shadow Creek Ranch, a community within the city of Pearland.

Allen Aldridge
Allen Ray Aldridge Jr. (May 30, 1972 – September 8, 2024) was an American professional football player who was a linebacker and long snapper in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Houston Cougars. He was selected by the Denver Broncos in the second round of the 1994 NFL draft and later won Super Bowl XXXII with the team over the Green Bay Packers.

Aldridge also played for the Detroit Lions and Houston Texans.
Scandium oxide
Scandium(III) oxide or scandia is an inorganic compound with formula Sc2O3.  It is one of several oxides of rare earth elements with a high melting point. It is used in the preparation of other scandium compounds as well as in high-temperature systems (for its resistance to heat and thermal shock), electronic ceramics, and glass composition (as a helper material).

Thermal shock
Thermal shock is a type of thermal stress caused by a sudden change in temperature. It is a common mode of failure when a hot meets cold, such as pouring boiling water in a cold glass, causing it to shatter. Large temperature differentials act as type of mechanical load, producing strain across the material. The load is caused by the different parts of the material expanding differently at their respective temperatures, resulting in internal strain. When the strain exceeds the tensile strength of the material, it causes mechanical failure of the material, resulting in fracture and potential structural failure.
Airflow Twinbee
The Airflow Twinbee is a Belgian ultralight aircraft, designed and produced by Airflow S.P.R.L., of Brussels and introduced at the Aero show held in Friedrichshafen in 2010. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Friedrichshafen
Friedrichshafen (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪçsˌhaːfn̩] or [fʁiːdʁɪçsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Hafe or Fridrichshafe) is a city on the northern shoreline of Lake Constance (the Bodensee) in Southern Germany, near the borders of both Switzerland and Austria. It is the district capital (Kreisstadt) of the Bodensee district in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg. Friedrichshafen has a population of about 63,000.
Tulpa (film)
Tulpa (Italian: Tulpa – Perdizioni mortali) is a 2012 Italian giallo-horror film co-written and directed by Federico Zampaglione. It premiered at the 2012 London FrightFest Film Festival and was released in Italy on 20 June 2013.

FrightFest (film festival)
FrightFest, also known as Arrow Video FrightFest, is an annual film festival held in London and Glasgow. The festival holds three major events each year: a festival running five days over the UK late August Bank Holiday weekend, a Halloween event held in London in late October, and a festival in Glasgow held around February as part of the Glasgow Film Festival.

The first event was held in London in 2000 and the first Glasgow festival was held in 2006. As its name indicates, FrightFest's primary focus is on the horror film genre. However, the event regularly features documentaries, science fiction and thriller films.
Evelyn van Leeuwen
Evelyn van Leeuwen (born 15 May 1972) is a Dutch wheelchair basketball player from Leiden. She competed at four Paralympic Games between 1996 and 2016. She won the silver medal at the 1996 Summer Paralympics and 20 years later the bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

1996 Summer Paralympics
The 1996 Summer Paralympic in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, were held from August 15 to 25. It was the first Paralympics to get mass media sponsorship, and had a budget of USD $81 million.

It was the first Paralympic Games where International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability athletes were given full medal status.
1972 England rugby union tour of South Africa
This first tour undertaken by England to South Africa was organised with a demanding schedule, although with only one Test Match. Within two weeks and three days, seven matches were to be played, the first four at sea level, and the final three, including the Test Match, at the altitude in the highveld with only two days to acclimatise before a demanding fixture against Northern Transvaal. From the outset, under captain John Pullin and the management of Alec Lewis and John Elders, there was a buoyant and optimistic spirit in the squad, as if they were determined to erase the memories of the last few seasons of undistinguished English performances.

Coventry R.F.C.
Coventry Rugby Football Club is a professional rugby union club based in Coventry, England. The club enjoyed great success during the 1960s and 70s, with many players representing their countries. Coventry's home ground is the Nick Newbold Stadium (formerly known as Butts Park Arena), which opened in 2004. Between 1921 and 2004, the club played at Coundon Road. The club plays in Champ Rugby (the second tier of the English rugby union system) following their promotion from the 2017–18 National League 1.
Butadiene
1,3-Butadiene (/ˌbjuːtəˈdaɪiːn/ ⓘ) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CH-CH=CH2. It is a colorless gas that is easily condensed to a liquid. It is important industrially as a precursor to synthetic rubber. The molecule can be viewed as the union of two vinyl groups. It is the simplest conjugated diene.

Butadiene undergoes chemical degradation in the atmosphere, but it can nevertheless be found in low levels in the air of urban and suburban areas due to emission by motor vehicles.

The name butadiene can also refer to the isomer, 1,2-butadiene, which is a cumulated diene with structure H2C=C=CH−CH3. This allene has no industrial significance.

Exhaust gas
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, fuel oil, biodiesel blends, or coal. According to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue gas stack, or propelling nozzle. It often disperses downwind in a pattern called an exhaust plume.

It is a major component of motor vehicle emissions (and from stationary internal combustion engines), which can also include crankcase blow-by and evaporation of unused gasoline.

Air pollution from burning fossil fuels is estimated to kill over 5 million people each year. Motor vehicle emissions are a common source of air pollution and are a major ingredient in the creation of smog in some large cities.
Davinder Kumar Bhutto
Davinder Kumar Bhutto (born 1974) is an Indian politician from Himachal Pradesh. He was a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Kutlehar Assembly constituency in Una district. He won the 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election representing the Indian National Congress.

Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The seat of the Assembly is at Shimla, the capital of the state. There are 68 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.
Andhra Premier League
The Andhra Premier League is a Twenty20 franchise cricket tournament played in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is organized by the Andhra Cricket Association (ACA) and sanctioned by the Board of Control for Cricket in India. It was first contested in 2022 by six teams and, as of 2026, is contested by seven. It is currently sponsored by GMR Group and consequently officially named the GMR APL.

GMR Group
GMR Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in New Delhi. The group was founded in 1978 by Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao and comprises several companies including GMR Infrastructure, GMR Energy, GMR Airports, and GMR Enterprises. Employing the public-private partnership model, the Group has implemented several infrastructure projects in India. The Group also has a global presence with infrastructure operating assets and projects in several countries including Philippines and Greece.

GMR Group owns, develops, operates, and manages airports, major energy utilities, highways, and urban infrastructure facilities. With a net asset base of nearly US$25 billion, it is one of India's largest infrastructure development companies. GMR Group is famous for operating the Indira Gandhi International Airport in Palam, Delhi.
LA-34 Jammu and Others-I
LA-34 Jammu and Others-I is a constituency of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly which is currently represented by Riaz Ahmed Gujjar of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). It covers the area of Sindh, Balochistan, and Punjab (excluding Gujranwala Division and Rawalpindi Division). Only refugees from Jammu and Ladakh settled in Pakistan are eligible to vote in this constituency.

Gujranwala Division
Gujranwala Division is an administrative division of Punjab province, Pakistan. The division, headquartered at the city of Gujranwala, consist of 3 districts, covers an area of 8,975 km2.

It used to consist of 7 districts but was divided into two divisions (Gujrat and Gujranwala)
Subong
Su Bong (Korean: 수봉; January 7, 1943—July 17, 1994) was a Soen Sa Nim in the Kwan Um School of Zen, the designated heir of Seung Sahn's lineage. Of both Korean and Chinese heritage, he was born in Kona, Hawaii. Su Bong began his practice with Seung Sahn in 1974, helping to establish many Zen groups and temples for the lineage in the years that followed. In 1981 he received inka from Seung Sahn, making him a Ji Do Poep Sa Nim (JDPSN) in the lineage and, in 1983, he was ordained a sunim and given the Buddhist name Mu Deung. He received Dharma transmission on October 11, 1992. On July 17, 1994, Su Bong died of unknown causes at a retreat while conducting kong-an interviews in Hong Kong. Today the Kwan Um School of Zen has a practice center in his name located in Hong Kong and named Su Bong Zen Monastery.

Sunim
Seunim is the Korean title for a Buddhist monk or Buddhist nun. It is considered respectful to refer to senior monks or nuns in Korea as Kun seunim. In most Korean temples, a middle-aged monk assumes the role of a juji seunim, who serves administrative functions. The eldest seunim is typically seen as a symbolic leader of the younger seunims.
Human trophy collecting
The practice of human trophy collecting involves the acquisition of human body parts as trophy, usually as war trophy.  The intent may be to demonstrate dominance over the deceased (such as scalping or forming necklaces of severed ears or teeth), to humiliate or intimidate the enemy (such as shrunken heads or skull cups), or in some rare cases to commemorate the deceased (such as the veneration of the relics of saints). It can be done to prove one's body count in battle, to boast of one's prowess and achievements to peers, or as a status symbol of superior masculinity. Serial killers' collection of their victims' body parts have also been described as a form of trophy-taking.

While older customs generally included the burial of human war trophies along with the collector, such items have been sold in modern times.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.