hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De Peyster Brown
De Peyster Douw Brown DFC (December 1915 – 3 August 1991) was an American fighter pilot who volunteered to fly for the Royal Canadian Air Force in World War II. He was one of 9 American pilots who flew with Fighter Command between 10 July and 31 October 1940, thereby qualifying for the Battle of Britain clasp to the 1939–45 campaign star.

RAF Fighter Command
RAF Fighter Command was one of the commands of the Royal Air Force. It was formed in 1936 to allow more specialised control of fighter aircraft. It operated throughout the Second World War, winning fame during the Battle of Britain in 1940. The command continued until November 1943, when it was disbanded and the RAF fighter force was split into two categories, defence and attack. The defensive force became Air Defence of Great Britain (ADGB) and the offensive force became the RAF Second Tactical Air Force. ADGB was renamed Fighter Command in October 1944 and continued to provide defensive patrols around Britain. It was disbanded for the second time in 1968, when it was subsumed by the new Strike Command.
Thomas Eyre (footballer)
Thomas Eyre
(fl. 1890s) was a footballer who made 65 appearances in the Football League playing for Lincoln City. He played at left back. Either side of Lincoln, he played for Ashfield and Hamilton Academical in Scotland.

Hamilton Academical F.C.
Hamilton Academical Football Club, often known as Hamilton Accies, or The Accies, is a Scottish football club from Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, who currently compete in Scottish League One. They were established in 1874 from the school football team at Hamilton Academy and remain the only professional club in British football to have originated from a school team. Hamilton have won the Scottish Challenge Cup three times and have finished runners-up in the Scottish Cup twice. The club play their home games at Broadwood Stadium.
Sơn Vi culture
The Sơn Vi culture is the name given to a culture of the late Palaeolithic and early Mesolithic in Vietnam, which preceding the Hòa Bình culture.

It's named after Sơn Vi (vi), a commune (xã) in Lâm Thao District, Phú Thọ Province, where relics from this culture were first founded.

Phú Thọ province
Phú Thọ (Vietnamese pronunciation: [fǔ t̺ʰɔ̂ˀ]) is a province in northern Vietnam. Its administration center Việt Trì ward is located 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Hanoi and 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Nội Bài International Airport. The province covers an area of 9,631.38 km2 (3,718.70 mi2) and, as of 2025, it had a population of 4,022,638.
History of the Madras Presidency
Madras Presidency (also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. George) was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India.  At its greatest extent, Madras Presidency included much of southern India, including the present-day Indian State of Tamil Nadu, the Malabar region of North Kerala, Lakshadweep Islands, the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, Undivided Koraput  and Ganjam districts of Orissa and the Bellary, Dakshina Kannada, and Udupi districts of Karnataka. The presidency had its capital at Madras (now known as Chennai).

Udupi
Udupi (Kannada: [uɖupi]) also known as Odipu (Tulu: [oɖipu]) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Udupi district, and one of the fastest-growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka and has various educational institutions. It is notable for the Krishna Temple and is also known as the temple city. It also lends its name to the popular Udupi cuisine, is also known as Parashurama Kshetra, and is famous for Kanakana kindi. Udupi district is located in western part of Karnataka.
Television Nishinippon
Television Nishinippon Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社テレビ西日本, Hepburn: Kabushiki Gaisha Terebi Nishinihon; TNC)  is a Japanese TV station affiliated with Fuji News Network and Fuji Network System in Fukuoka. This station serves Fukuoka Prefecture and also acts as the default FNN affiliate for western portions of Yamaguchi Prefecture including Yamaguchi City and Shimonoseki, as Yamaguchi Prefecture does not have an FNN affiliate of its own.

Shimonoseki
Shimonoseki (Japanese: 下関市, Hepburn: Shimonoseki-shi) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2023, the city had an estimated population of  248,193 in 128,762 households and a population density of 350 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 716.18 square kilometres (276.52 sq mi). It is the largest city in Yamaguchi Prefecture and the fifth-largest city in the Chūgoku region in terms of population. It is nicknamed the 'home of Fugu' for the locally caught and cooked pufferfish, and is the largest harvester of the pufferfish in Japan.
Alexander Hammick
Rear-Admiral Alexander Robert Hammick (16 February 1887 – 1969) was a Royal Navy officer who served during the First and Second World Wars.

Hammock joined the Royal Navy and was January 1903 posted as naval cadet to the armoured cruiser HMS Hogue, serving in the Channel Squadron. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant on 31 December 1908, and to commander on 30 June 1922.

He commanded the heavy cruiser Sussex in 1938–1940 and then served as chief of staff to the Flag Officer-in-charge, Greenock in 1940–1942.

Commander (Royal Navy)
Commander (Cdr) is a senior officer rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom.  It is immediately junior to captain and immediately senior to the rank of lieutenant commander.  Officers holding the junior rank of lieutenant commander are not considered to be commanders.
Gum Creek (Virginia)
Gum Creek is a historic home located near Columbia, Fluvanna County, Virginia.  It was built about 1797, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, three-bay, center passage plan frame dwelling on a stone foundation.  Two one-story, shed roofed additions were built after 1839. It features unpainted original interior woodwork, a basement kitchen and stone and brick end chimneys. Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse, buggy shed, and the original stone-enclosed spring.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Fluvanna County, Virginia
Fluvanna County is a United States county centrally located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area, Fluvanna's population, as of the 2020 census, was 27,249. The county seat is Palmyra, while the most populous community is the census designated place of Lake Monticello.
2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, and elected two U.S. representatives, one from each of the state's two congressional districts.

International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers and Helpers
The International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers and Helpers (IBB), sometimes referred to as the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, is a trade union in the United States and Canada. It is for boilermakers and related occupations, and is affiliated with the AFL–CIO.

The Boilermakers union has a four-year apprenticeship training program before becoming a journeyman. Boilermakers primarily work in nuclear and fossil power plants. However they also work in shipyards, refineries, chemical plants, manufacturing, and the rail and cement industries. The work involves welding, rigging and fabricating.
Arthur C. Ziemer House
The Arthur C. Ziemer House is a historic house in Lincoln, Nebraska. It was built in 1909-1910 for Arthur Z C. Ziemer, a railroad ticket agent, interior designer, and Christian Science healer. Ziemer first arrived in Lincoln in 1870, and he died in 1913. The house was it was designed in the Shingle style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 23, 1977.

Shingle style architecture
The shingle style is an American architectural style made popular by the rise of the New England school of architecture, which eschewed the highly ornamented patterns of the Eastlake style in Queen Anne architecture. In the shingle style, English influence was combined with the renewed interest in Colonial American architecture which followed the 1876 celebration of the Centennial. The plain, shingled surfaces of colonial buildings were adopted, and their massing emulated.

Aside from being a style of design, the style also conveyed a sense of the house as continuous volume. This effect—of the building as an envelope of space, rather than a great mass, was enhanced by the visual tautness of the flat shingled surfaces, the horizontal shape of many shingle style houses, and the emphasis on horizontal continuity, both in exterior details and in the flow of spaces within the houses.
Kansas City and Cameron Railroad
The Kansas City and Cameron Railroad was a subsidiary railroad. The railroad was the subsidiary of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad which built the first bridge across the Missouri River at the Hannibal Bridge.

The bridge established Kansas City, Missouri rather than Leavenworth, Kansas or St. Joseph, Missouri as the dominant city in the region.

The Hannibal and St. Joseph was the first railroad to cross the state of Missouri and it carried mail for the Pony Express.  However, when it was time to build a bridge across the river, Robert T. Van Horn, Kersey Coates and Charles E. Kearney put together a package to persuade the railroad to create a cutoff 50 miles east of St. Joseph at Cameron, Missouri to go to Kansas City to hook up with lines going on to Texas.   Kearney was the subsidiary's first president.

St. Joseph, Missouri
St. Joseph is a city in and the county seat of Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Missouri River, it is the principal city of the St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri and Doniphan County, Kansas. As of the 2020 census, St. Joseph had a population of 72,473, making it the 8th most populous city in the state, and the 3rd most populous in Northwest Missouri. St. Joseph is located roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the Kansas City, Missouri city limits and approximately 125 miles (201 km) south of Omaha, Nebraska.

The city was named after the town's founder Joseph Robidoux and the biblical Saint Joseph. In the nineteenth century, it was the death place of American outlaw Jesse James. It was also the starting point of the Pony Express serving the West. Today, St. Joseph is home to Missouri Western State University, which enrolls over 3,800 students.
Mont Trapèze
Mont Trapèze (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃ tʁapɛz]) is a mountain in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands. Located on the Courbet Peninsula, Grande Terre, Kerguelen Islands, it rises to a height of 807 metres (2,648 ft) above sea level.

The name of this mountain was chosen by French geographer Edgar Aubert de la Rüe.

Edgar Aubert de la Rüe
Edgar Aubert de la Rüe (1901–1991) was a French geographer, geologist, traveller and photographer who was primarily devoted to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Kerguelen, and Vanuatu. Mount Aubert de la Rue on Heard Island is named after him.
V2 Institute for the Unstable Media
V2_, Lab for the Unstable Media, founded in 1981, is an interdisciplinary center for art and media technology in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

V2- presents, produces, archives, and publishes art created with new technologies, fostering debate on these issues. It provides a platform where artists, scientists, software and hardware developers, researchers, and theorists from various disciplines can share their findings and insights.

It was the main organizer of the Dutch Electronic Art Festival, which evolved from the Manifestations for the Unstable Media that V2_ had been organizing since 1987.

Over the years V2_ has collaborated with many artists and theorists, including for instance: Stelarc, Orlan, Symbiotica, Dick Raaymakers, Michel Waisvisz, Francisco López,  Brian Massumi, Manuel de Landa, Paul Virilio, Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, Knowbotic Research, Ulrike Gabriel, Achille Mbembe, and Rem Koolhaas.

SymbioticA
SymbioticA is an artistic research lab at the  University of Western Australia's School of Anatomy and Human Biology. The lab looks at biology and the life sciences from an artistic point of view and has been used to research, develop and execute a number of contemporary art & science and bioart projects.
Forum for National Parties
The Forum for National Parties (Madasha Xisbiyada Qaran) is an alliance of political parties in Somalia founded in October 2019. The alliance includes Himilo Qaran party, led by former President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, and Peace and Development Party led by incumbent President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. Other key leaders joining the coalition include Ilays party leader Abdulkadir Osoble, former South West President Sharif Hassan and former defense minister Mohamed Abdi, the first interim president of Jubaland.

The alliance has been formed ahead of the 2022 Somali elections, when for the first time since 1969 Somalia was set to hold one man one vote elections. Reconciliation and dialogue between the federal government and federal member states will be critical to making further progress on political, security and economic reforms.

Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (Somali: Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud; Arabic: حسن شيخ محمود, romanized: Ḥasan Shaykh Muḥamūd; born 29 November 1955) is a Somali politician serving as the president of Somalia since 15 May 2022. He previously held the office from 2012 to 2017.

Hassan was previously a university professor and dean at SIMAD University, which he co-founded. During 2012 he was elected President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). Time magazine placed him on an annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2013. During 2014 he controversially welcomed the entry of Ethiopian troops into the African Union mission in the wake of the 2006 invasion. His first administration faced serious criticism for rampant corruption, media restrictions and abuse of power.

After losing power in 2017, he became the founder and current chairman of the Union for Peace and Development Party. He was indirectly elected as President of the Federal Republic of Somalia on 15 May 2022.
Roberts Creek Provincial Park
Roberts Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of the community of Roberts Creek, between Gibsons and Sechelt.  First created in 1947 with an area of 100 acres (0.40 km2), it was modified in size in 2000 to approximately 40 ha.

Provincial park
A provincial park (or territorial park) is a park administered by one of the provinces of a country, as opposed to a national park. They are similar to state parks in other countries. They are typically open to the public for recreation. Their environment may be more or less strictly protected.
Aloys Pollender
Franz Anton Aloys Pollender (26 January 1799 – 17 August 1879) was a German physician who is credited with the discovery of the etiology of anthrax.  His work was along similar lines to his contemporaries, Pierre François Olive Rayer and Casimir Davaine.

Pollendner was born in Barmen, Germany; he also died there.

He published several science papers and books across five decades.

Barmen
Barmen is a former industrial metropolis of the region of Bergisches Land, Germany, which merged with four other towns in 1929 to form the city of Wuppertal.

Barmen, together with the neighbouring town of Elberfeld founded the first electric suspended monorail tramway system, the Schwebebahn floating tram.
Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia
Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia (born 1660 in Hebron, died 1744 in Tiberias, Ottoman Syria) was a rabbinical authority. He was the grandfather of Chaim Nissim Abulafia and grandson of Isaac Nissim ben Gamil. Abulafia was a rabbi in Smyrna, where he instituted many wholesome regulations. In his old age (1740) he restored the Jewish community in Tiberias.

He is the author of several works, including:

"Mikrae Kodesh" (Holy Convocations), Smyrna, 1729, containing treatises on Biblical and Talmudical themes;

"Yosef Lekach" (Increase of Learning), Smyrna, 1730–32, a work in three volumes on the Pentateuch;

"Yashresh Ya'akob" (Jacob Will Take Root), Smyrna, 1729; and

"Shebut Ya'akob" (The Captivity of Jacob), Smyrna, 1733, an elaborate commentary on the haggadic compilation "'Ein Yaakov," by Jacob ibn Habib and others.

Jacob ibn Habib
Jacob ben Solomon ibn Habib (Hebrew: יעקב בן שלמה אבן חביב) (alternative transliteration: Yaakov ben Shlomo ibn Habib) (c. 1460 – 1516) was a rabbi and talmudist, best known as the author of Ein Yaakov, a compilation of all the Aggadic material in the Talmud together with commentaries.
Gentleman's Relish
Gentleman's Relish, also known as Patum Peperium (a mock-Latin phrase that is supposed to mean "pepper paté"), is a British  brand of anchovy paste created in 1828 by John Osborn. It is a savoury paste with a salty and slightly fishy taste, and contains salted anchovies (minimum 60%), butter, herbs and spices. Today, the secret recipe is withheld from all but one employee at Elsenham Quality Foods in Elsenham, England, the licensed manufacturer.

Dog Latin
Dog Latin, or cod Latin, is a phrase or jargon that imitates Latin. This is often done by what is referred to as "translating" English words (or those of other languages) into Latin by conjugating or declining them, as if they were Latin words. Dog Latin is usually a humorous device used for mocking scholarly seriousness. The term can also refer to a poor-quality attempt at writing genuine Latin.
England Public School District
The England Public School District is a school district headquartered in England, Arkansas, United States. It serves territory in Lonoke County, including England, Coy, and Keo.

The district has two schools, England Elementary School (Grades K-8) and England High School (Grades 7–12).

In 1968 the England School District started a night program at the Tucker Unit, an Arkansas Department of Correction prison in Tucker.

Lonoke County, Arkansas
Lonoke County is a county located in the Central Arkansas region of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 74,015, making it the 10th-most populous of Arkansas's 75 counties. The county seat is Lonoke and largest city is Cabot. Included in the Central Arkansas metropolitan area, with Little Rock as the principal city, it is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.
Tierra Blanca, Zacatecas
The town of Tierra Blanca is located in the municipality of Loreto in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. It has 2137 inhabitants. Tierra Blanca is 2077 meters above sea level. It is also the birthplace of Benjamín "El Maestro" Galindo. Tierra Blanca is also the birthplace of Omar Ortiz, lead singer of Pequeños Musical. Tierra Blanca is a very quiet and rural town. People often emigrate to the United States, to cities such as Los Angeles, Chicago, and Denver. There is also a "Garden", which is also referred to as "El Jardin." This is the setting where concerts, firework shows, etc., take place.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
England women's national under-18 basketball team
The England women's national under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of England, administered by the Basketball England. It represents the country in women's international under-18 basketball competitions.

The team won a silver medal at the 1997 European Promotion Cup for Junior Women. They participated 11 times at the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division B. Their best result was the second place in 2012 which meant a promotion to the 2013 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women Division A, where they finished in 16th place.

FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket is the new name for the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship, originally known as the FIBA European Championship for Junior Women. It's a women's youth basketball competition that was inaugurated with the 1965 edition. The current champions are Spain, having beaten Finland in the 2025 final.
Kuban-Black Sea electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917)
The Kuban-Black Sea electoral district (Russian: Кубанско-Черноморский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election.

The electoral district covered the Kuban Oblast and the Black Sea Governorate. The draft legislation for the election had included Kuban Oblast, the Black Sea Governorate, the Terek Oblast and the Dagestan Oblast into a single constituency. However, in the final law the constituency was delimitated to Kuban Oblast and the Black Sea Governorate. Originally assigned 14 seats, by decree of the Provisional Government the number of deputies of the Kuban-Black Sea district was increased to 16. Kuban was fully engulfed by civil war by the time of the vote. The election was only held in Ekaterinodar and some surrounding villages where the Kuban Territorial Council was in control, - and notably the vote was held February 2-6, 1918 (i.e. after the disbanding of the Constituent Assembly).

Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe оblast was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan and Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi and Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia.
Berka/Werra (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft)
Berka/Werra is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft in the district Wartburgkreis in Thuringia, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Berka/Werra. It was disbanded in January 2019, when its municipalities were merged into the new town Werra-Suhl-Tal.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Berka/Werra consisted of the following municipalities:

Berka/Werra

Dankmarshausen

Dippach

Großensee

Berka/Werra
Berka/Werra (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁka]; also Berka an der Werra) is a town and a former municipality in the Wartburgkreis district, in Thuringia, in central Germany. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Werra-Suhl-Tal. It is situated on the river Werra, 19 km west of Eisenach.

Within the former municipality there are the following municipal districts:

Berka/Werra city center

Fernbreitenbach

Gospenroda

Herda (with Hausbreitenbach and Kratzeroda)

Horschlitt (with Auenheim-Rienau)

Vitzeroda (with Abteroda and Gasteroda)

Wünschensuhl