hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shock singularity
In general relativity, the shock singularity, also called the shockwave singularity, the Marolf-Ori singularity, or the outflying singularity, is a null singularity propagating out of the outgoing section of the inner horizon of a spinning or charged black hole that effectively manifests as a gravitational shockwave. Perturbations to the inner horizon result in abrupt changes in the amplitude of perturbing fields and the metric tensor itself, manifesting as an effective shockwave for sufficiently late-infall observers (veh⪆15-20). The singularity was first described in 2012 by Donald Marolf and Amos Ori for classical Reissner-Nordström and Kerr black holes. It was numerically confirmed for the spherical charged case in 2016 by Ehud Eilon and Amos Ori.

Amos Ori
Amos Ori (Hebrew: עמוס אורי; born 1956) is a professor of Physics at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel. He received media attention in 2005 when he proposed, in a letter to Physical Review Letters, what he claimed was a more "realistic" model for time travel.
Edgar Vaca
Edgar Vaca (born 2 May 1956) is a Bolivian footballer. He played in 30 matches for the Bolivia national football team from 1979 to 1985. He was also part of Bolivia's squad for the 1979 Copa América tournament.

1979 Copa América
The 1979 edition of the Copa América association football tournament was played between 18 July and 12 December. It was not held in a particular country, all matches were played on a home and away basis. Defending champions Peru were given a bye into the semi-finals.
Yuki Nakai
Yuki Nakai (born 18 August 1970, Japanese: 中井祐樹) is a retired Japanese mixed martial artist. He currently teaches Shootfighting and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, and is the president of the Japanese Confederation of Jiu-Jitsu.

He competed in Shooto, an early MMA promotion where he won the Shooto World Welterweight Championship, as well as Vale Tudo Japan 1995, where he was outweighed by every opponent in the tournament. Despite this, and despite suffering a severe eye injury in the first bout, Nakai managed to make it to the finals where he lost to Rickson Gracie. Nakai is considered a legend of Shooto by many fighters and fans.

He is the founder of the Paraestra Shooto Gym and coaches fighters such as PRIDE and DREAM stand out Shinya Aoki, who also earned his A-Class Shooto rank and jiu-jitsu black belt from Nakai.

Shootfighting
Shootfighting is a martial art and combat sport, with competitions governed by the International Shootfighting Association (ISFA). It incorporates techniques from a multitude of traditional martial arts, the most principal of these being wrestling and kenpo.

Shootfighting was previously used synonymously with mixed martial arts competitions in Japan, as opposed to shoot-style professional wrestling competitions. The term has been retired from common usage because it became a registered trademark of Bart Vale, who uses it to describe his hybrid fighting system derived from shoot wrestling. However, it is still sometimes used colloquially.

Examples which were once considered shootfighting styles, tournaments or organizations are Pancrase, Fighting Network RINGS, and Shooto, where many fighters still considered themselves to be shootfighters. Ken Shamrock is possibly the most recognisable shoot fighter, as it was the discipline he used during the early days of the UFC.
Metropolitana FM
Metropolitana FM is a Brazilian radio network headquartered in São Paulo, featuring programming focused on pop music, sertanejo music, and funk. Its main station in the São Paulo metropolitan area broadcasts at 98.5 MHz. The network has branches in Aracaju, Belém, Goiânia, Maceió, Salvador, Foz do Iguaçu, Ribeirão Preto, Tucuruí, and Araguatins.

Maceió
Maceió (Portuguese pronunciation: [masejˈjɔ]), formerly anglicised as Maceio, is the capital and the largest city of the coastal state of Alagoas, Brazil. The name "Maceió" is an Indigenous term for a spring.

Most maceiós flow to the sea, but some get trapped and form lakes ("lagoas", in Portuguese). There are numerous maceiós and lakes in this part of Brazil; because of this, the city was named Maceió, and the state, Alagoas. The new Zumbi dos Palmares International Airport connects Maceió with many Brazilian cities and also operates some international flights. The city is home to the Federal University of Alagoas.
Borre Municipality
Borre is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 69-square-kilometre (27 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1988. Borre was merged with Horten in 1988, and the new municipality bore the name Borre until after a public referendum regarding the name in 2002. The administrative centre was the village of Borre. Other villages in Borre included Skoppum and Nykirke. After 1965, Åsgårdstrand was also part of Borre. The main churches in Borre were Borre Church and Nykirke Church.

The historic Borre mound cemetery was located in the municipality.

Borre mound cemetery
Borre mound cemetery (Norwegian: Borrehaugene from the Old Norse words borró and haugr meaning mound) forms part of the Borre National Park at Horten in Vestfold, Norway.

It is home to seven large and 21 smaller burial mounds. Excavations in the 1980s revealed that the oldest mounds date to 600 AD, i.e. prior to the Viking Age.
Kielsen I Cabinet
The First Cabinet of Kim Kielsen was a former administration of Greenland. It was appointed on 10 December 2014 with Kim Kielsen from Forward (Siumut) as Prime Minister, leading a coalition between Forward (Siumut), Democrats (Demokraatit) and Solidarity (Atassut). It was a majority government, composed of both right-wing and left-wing members. It was replaced by the Kielsen II Cabinet on 2 February 2016.

Atassut
Atassut (English: Cohesion/Link/Togetherness/Solidarity, also referred to as Feeling of Community) is a liberal-conservative and unionist political party in Greenland. Founded on 29 April 1978, Atassut is an established partner of Venstre.
Glidden (surname)
Glidden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bob Glidden (1944–2017), American drag racer

Carlos Glidden (1834–1877), American typewriter inventor

Charles Jasper Glidden (1857–1927), American telephone pioneer

David Glidden (born 1994 or 1995), American politician

Edward Hughes Glidden (1873–1924), American architect

Elizabeth Glidden, American lawyer and Minneapolis politician

Francis Harrington Glidden (1832–1922), American businessman

Freddie Glidden (1927–2019), Scottish footballer

Gilbert Glidden (1915–1988), English footballer

Henry Orange Glidden (1891–1978), American architect and artist

Joseph Glidden (1813–1906), American barbed wire inventor

Joy Glidden (born 1960), Canadian American art curator

Sarah Glidden (born 1980), American cartoonist

Tommy Glidden (1902–1974), English footballer

William T. Glidden (1805–1893), American sea captain and shipping line owner

Carlos Glidden
Carlos Glidden (November 8, 1834 – March 11, 1877), along with Christopher Sholes, Frank Haven Hall, and Samuel W. Soule, invented the first practical typewriter at a machine shop in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US. He kept on improving the typewriter until he died.
33rd Primetime Emmy Awards
The 33rd Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday, September 13, 1981. The ceremony was broadcast on CBS. It was hosted by Shirley MacLaine and Edward Asner.

For the third consecutive year, the Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series went to Taxi. The top show on the drama side was Hill Street Blues which, in its first season, tied the record for most major nominations (14) and wins (6) by a non-miniseries. NBC's ratings juggernaut Shōgun received eight major nominations, but only won one, for Outstanding Limited Series.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited or Anthology Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited or Anthology Series represents excellence in the category of limited series that are two or more episodes, with a total running time of at least 150 minutes.
WNCI
WNCI (97.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Columbus, Ohio, featuring a top 40 (CHR) format known as "WNCI 97.9". Owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., the station serves the Columbus metropolitan area and is the local affiliate for On Air with Ryan Seacrest. WNCI's studios are on West Fifth Avenue on Columbus' west side, while the transmitter is atop One Nationwide Plaza in the city's downtown. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WNCI broadcasts using HD Radio technology and streams online via iHeartRadio.

The station has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 175,000 watts, while the current maximum for Ohio radio stations is 50,000 watts. It is grandfathered at this power from before the date when the FCC set limits for FM stations. There are only six FM stations in the United States that operate with more power.

One Nationwide Plaza
One Nationwide Plaza is a 40-story skyscraper in Columbus, Ohio, United States, that serves as the corporate office headquarters of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. It is part of the complex of buildings known as Nationwide Plaza. The building, constructed between 1974 and 1978, is the sixth-tallest in Columbus, standing at a height of 485 feet (148 m).

Nationwide outgrew its 246 North High Street Building by the 1970s and work began on a new headquarters for the company. In 1977, the 485 ft-tall (148 m) building was completed. The building is located at the corner of N. High Street and what is now Nationwide Blvd. on the northern edge of downtown Columbus, Ohio.
Vice President of Indonesia
The vice president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia) is second-highest officer in the executive branch of the Indonesian government, after the president, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. Since 2004, the president and vice president are directly elected to a five-year term.

Gibran Rakabuming Raka is the 14th and current vice president of Indonesia. The youngest ever vice president of Indonesia, he assumed office on 20 October 2024.

Direct election
Direct election is a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the persons or political party that they want to see elected. The method by which the winner or winners of a direct election are chosen depends upon the electoral system used. The most commonly used systems are the plurality system and the two-round system for single-winner elections, such as a presidential election, and plurality block voting and proportional representation for the election of a legislature or executive.

By contrast, in an indirect election, the voters elect a body which in turn elects the officeholder in question. In other settings, politicians and office holders are appointed.

In a double direct election, the elected representative serves on two councils, typically a lower-tier council of a municipality and an upper-tier council of a regional district or municipality.
Ledger art
Ledger art is narrative drawing or painting on paper or cloth, predominantly practiced by Plains Indians but also from the Indigenous peoples of the Plateau and Great Basin. Ledger art flourished primarily from the 1860s to the 1920s. A revival of ledger art began in the 1960s and 1970s. The term comes from the accounting ledger books that were a common source of paper for Plains Indians during the late 19th century.

Battle exploits were the most frequently represented themes in ledger art. Many ledger artists documented the rapidly changing environment by portraying new technologies such as trains, as well as encounters with European Americans and American soldiers. Other themes such as religious practices, hunting, and courtship were also subjects.  Many ledger artists worked together with ethnologists, to document cultural information such as shield and tipi designs, winter counts, dances and regalia.

Regalia
Regalia (/rəˈɡeɪliə, -ˈɡeɪljə/ rə-GAY-lee-ə, -⁠GAYL-yə) is the set of emblems, symbols, or paraphernalia indicative of royal status, as well as rights, prerogatives and privileges enjoyed by a sovereign, regardless of title. The word originally referred to the elaborate formal dress and accessories of a sovereign, but now it also refers to any type of elaborate formal dress. The word stems from the Latin substantivation of the adjective regalis, "regal", itself from rex, "king". It is sometimes used in the singular, regale.
Carozza
Carozza is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonello Carozza (born 1985), Italian singer-songwriter

Mary Beth Carozza (born 1961), American politician

Paul Carozza (born 1966), Australian rugby player

Mary Beth Carozza
Mary Beth Carozza (born February 13, 1961) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Maryland Senate, representing District 38 since 2019. She previous represented District 38C in the Maryland House of Delegates from 2015 to 2019.

Born in Baltimore and raised on Maryland's Eastern Shore, Carozza graduated from Catholic University of America. She began her career working as a congressional staffer for various Republican U.S. senators and U.S. representatives before serving as the deputy assistant secretary of defense for legislative affairs under U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and as a deputy chief of staff to Maryland Governor Bob Ehrlich. Carozza was elected to the Maryland House of Delegates in 2014, serving for one term before being elected to the Maryland Senate in 2018, defeating Democratic incumbent Jim Mathias.
Daniel Poliziani
Daniel James Poliziani (born March 5, 1959) is a Canadian ice hockey coach. He is currently an associate coach for the York University Lions Men's Ice Hockey team.

Poliziani played as a Centre with the Yale Bulldogs, New Haven Nighthawks, Saginaw Gears, Fort Wayne Komets, Kalamazoo Wings, and Dundas-Hamilton Tigers. Poliziani was an assistant coach with the Yale Bulldogs from 1984–95 and was the interim head coach of the Bulldogs during the 1993–94 season, while regular head coach Tim Taylor coached the United States Olympic Team. Additionally, Poliziani was head coach with both the North York Rangers from 1998–99 and Appleby Bluedogs from 2002-14.

New Haven Nighthawks
The New Haven Nighthawks were a professional ice hockey team that played in the American Hockey League from 1972 to 1992.  They had affiliations with the New York Islanders (1972–1973), Minnesota North Stars (1972–1977), New York Rangers (1977–1981 & 1984–1987), and Los Angeles Kings (1981–1991).  The team played their home games at New Haven Coliseum.
Kongo Kong
Steven Wilson (born August 10, 1979) is an American professional wrestler best known under the ring name Kongo Kong. He is currently performing on the independent circuit. He is best known for his time with Global Force Wrestling and Impact Wrestling.

IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship
The IWA World Championship is the major title in the IWA Mid-South based in Louisville, Kentucky. The title debuted at the "Crowning of a Champion" event on April 3, 1997, when Tower of Doom won a twelve-man tournament. There have been a total of 125 reigns among 59 champions and 19 vacancies. Tower of Doom was the inaugural champion, having defeated Ox Harley and Bull Pain in a tournament final three-way match on April 4, 1997, at Crowning of Champion. On June 14, 2022, Jake Crist vacated the title after failing to receive payment. As a result, the company ceased operations and the title was deactivated.
Tola (biblical figure)
According to the Bible, Tola (Hebrew: תּוֹלָע, Modern: Tōlaʿ, Tiberian: Tōlāʿ‍) was one of the Judges of Israel. His career is summarised in Judges 10:1-2. He judged Israel for 23 years after Abimelech died. He lived at Shamir in Mount Ephraim, where he was also buried.

His name means "Crimson worm" or "scarlet stuff." The son of Puah and the grandson of Dodo from the tribe of Issachar, he had the same name as one of the sons of Issachar who migrated to Egypt with Jacob his grandfather in Genesis 46:13.

Of all the biblical judges, the least is written about Tola. None of his deeds are recorded. The entire account from Judges 10:1-2 (KJV) follows:

1And after Abimelech there arose to defend Israel Tola the son of Puah, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar; and he dwelt in Shamir in mount Ephraim.

2And he judged Israel twenty and three years, and died, and was buried in Shamir.

Abimelech (Judges)
Abimelech (/əˈbɪməˌlɛk/; אֲבִימֶלֶךְ ’Ǎḇīmeleḵ) or Abimelek was the king of Shechem and the  tribal territory of Manasseh, and a son of biblical judge Gideon. His name can best be interpreted as "my father is king", claiming the inherited right to rule. He is introduced in Judges 8:31 as the son of Gideon and his Shechemite concubine, and the biblical account of his reign is described in chapter nine of the Book of Judges. According to the Bible, he was an unprincipled and ambitious ruler who often engaged in wars against his own subjects.
KREN-TV
KREN-TV (channel 27) is a television station in Reno, Nevada, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language network Univision. It is owned by Entravision Communications alongside low-power, Class A UniMás affiliate KRNS-CD (channel 46). The two stations share studios on Wells Avenue in Reno; KREN-TV's transmitter is located on Slide Mountain between SR 431 and I-580/US 395/US 395 ALT in unincorporated Washoe County.

Slide Mountain (Nevada)
Slide Mountain is a 9,702-foot (2,957 m) peak in the Carson Range near Reno, in Washoe County, Nevada.  From the summit of Slide Mountain, Lake Tahoe, Washoe Lake, Carson Valley, and the city of Reno can be viewed.
Taurocholic acid
Taurocholic acid, known also as cholaic acid, cholyltaurine, or acidum cholatauricum, is a deliquescent yellowish crystalline bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats. It occurs as a sodium salt in the bile of mammals. It is a conjugate of cholic acid with taurine. In medical use, it is administered as a cholagogue and choleretic.

Hydrolysis of taurocholic acid yields taurine.

For commercial use, taurocholic acid is manufactured from cattle bile, a byproduct of the meat-processing industry.

This acid is also one of the many molecules in the body that has cholesterol as its precursor.

In a large prospective study (involving 569 incident colon cancer cases and 569 matched controls) it was found that prediagnostic concentrations of circulating taurocholic acid, as well as six other bile acids, were statistically significantly associated with increased colon cancer risk.

Cholagogue
A cholagogue is a substance that is purported by humoral practitioners to encourage the discharge of bile from the system, purging it downward. Deployment is no longer recommended because the biliary purge, like the traditional kidney purge, can cause pancreatic problems.

In Patrick O'Brian's Post Captain (Ch. 10), which is set in the Napoleonic era, Stephen Maturin, one of the book's main characters (who is also a physician, naturalist and spy) sits in the snug of the Rose and Crown in Deal, Kent, and drinks a "good" tea described as an "unrivalled cholagogue".

Cyclovalone is a choleretic and cholagogic agent.
Palmer Bay
Palmer Bay (60°37′S 45°20′W﻿ / ﻿60.617°S 45.333°W﻿ / -60.617; -45.333) is a bay 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) wide, lying immediately west of Crown Head on the north coast of Coronation Island, in the South Orkney Islands. Discovered in December 1821 in the course of a joint cruise by Captain George Powell, a British sealer in the sloop Dove and Captain Nathaniel Palmer, an American sealer in the sloop James Monroe. Named for Captain Palmer.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Palmer Bay". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Coronation Island
Coronation Island is the largest of the South Orkney Islands, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and from 3 to 8 nautical miles (5.6 to 14.8 km) wide. The island extends in a general east–west direction, is mainly ice-covered and comprises numerous bays, glaciers and peaks, the highest rising to 1,265 metres (4,150 ft).
Mill House (Middleburg, Virginia)
Mill House, also known as Chinn's Mill and Hatcher's Mill, is a historic grist mill complex located near Middleburg, Fauquier County, Virginia. All of the buildings in the complex are constructed of stone laid in a random-rubble pattern and some are of mixed stone and frame construction.  They represent a late 18th- to early 19th-century rural Virginia grist mill operation, that was later transformed during the early-20th-century into a "hunt country" estate by John Shaffer Phipps.  In addition to the mill itself, the complex includes the miller's house, the cooper's house and shop, the mill owner's house, and what was likely a dairy/smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

John Shaffer Phipps
John Shaffer Phipps (August 11, 1874 – April 27, 1958) was an American lawyer and businessman who was an heir to the Phipps family fortune and a shareholder of his father-in-law's Grace Shipping Lines. He was a director of the Hanover Bank, U.S. Steel Corp. and W. R. Grace & Co.
Time Machines
Time Machines is a 1998 studio album by English experimental group Coil, originally released under the one-off project alias Time Machines. The album was created under the premise of psychedelic drone pieces named after corresponding hallucinogenic drugs, "tested and retested" during the album's studio sessions for apparent narcotic potency.

John Balance
Geoffrey Nigel Laurence Rushton (16 February 1962 – 13 November 2004), better known under the pseudonyms John Balance or the later variation Jhonn Balance, was an English musician, occultist, artist and poet.

He was best known as a co-founder of the experimental music group Coil, in collaboration with his partner Peter "Sleazy" Christopherson. Coil was active from 1982 to Balance's death in 2004. He was responsible for the majority of Coil's vocals, lyrics and chants, along with synthesizers and various other instruments both commonplace and esoteric.

Outside Coil he collaborated with Cultural Amnesia (at the beginning of the 1980s), Nurse with Wound, Death in June, Psychic TV, Current 93, Chris & Cosey, Thighpaulsandra, and produced several Nine Inch Nails remixes.
Dungey
Dungey is an English-language surname of Cornish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Azie Mira Dungey, American actress

Doris Dungey (1961–2008), American blogger

Lori Dungey (born 1957), actress

Mardi Dungey (1966–2019), Australian macroeconomist

Merrin Dungey (born 1971), American film and television actress

Ryan Dungey (born 1989), motocross racer

Azie Dungey
Azie Mira Dungey is an American actress, producer, and writer, known for the 2013 web series Ask a Slave. She has also written for the TV series Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, Girls5eva, and Sweetbitter,  and Harlem (2021).
Thecodontosauridae
Thecodontosauridae is a family of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs that are part of the Bagualosauria, known from fossil remains found exclusively in the Magnesian Conglomerate of Bristol, England, which dates back to the Rhaetian stage of the Late Triassic (although it could be as old as the Norian stage of the Late Triassic and as young as the Hettangian stage of the Early Jurassic). Two genera are known: Agrosaurus and Thecodontosaurus;  the former is often considered to be the same animal as the latter.

Magnesian Conglomerate
The Magnesian Conglomerate is a geological formation in Clifton, Bristol in England (originally Avon), Gloucestershire and southern Wales, present in Tytherington, Durdham Down, Slickstones Quarry and Cromhall Quarry.

It dates back to the Rhaetian stage of the Late Triassic, although it may be as old as the Norian stage of the Late Triassic and as young as the Hettangian stage of the Early Jurassic.

The Magnesian Conglomerate was first discovered in autumn 1834 and was studied in 1836 by Henry Riley and Samuel Stutchbury.

The Avon Fissure Fill is often paired with the Magnesian Conglomerate.