hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt Prize in Naval History
The Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt Prize in Naval History was an annual prize given between 1986 and 2011 by The New York Council of the Navy League of the United States, the Roosevelt Institute, and the Theodore Roosevelt Association.  It was given for the best book on American naval history published in the previous calendar year. The prize commemorated Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt, who both served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and who both supported the United States Navy as presidents of the United States.

The judges for the prize included specialists in naval history such as faculty members at the U.S. Naval Academy, U.S. Naval War College, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, U.S. Military Academy, The Citadel, and Princeton University.

Naval War College
The Naval War College (NWC or NAVWARCOL) is the staff college and "Home of Thought" for the United States Navy at Naval Station Newport in Newport, Rhode Island. The NWC educates and develops leaders, supports defining the future Navy and associated roles and missions, supports combat readiness, and strengthens global maritime partnerships.

The Naval War College is one of the senior service colleges including the Army War College, the Marine Corps War College, and the USAF Air War College.  Additionally, the U.S. Department of Defense operates the National War College.
Nathan Xavier Osorio
Nathan Xavier Osorio is an American poet and educator from Los Angeles, California. He is the author of Querida, which won the 2024 Agnes Lynch Starrett Poetry Prize and was published by the University of Pittsburgh Press. His chapbook The Last Town Before the Mojave was selected by Oliver de la Paz for the Poetry Society of America’s 2020 Chapbook Fellowship. In 2025, Osorio was selected as the 46th resident poet of the Dartmouth poet-in-residence at Frost Place.

Osorio’s poetry, translations, and essays have appeared in BOMB, The Offing, Boston Review, Public Books, and Notre Dame Review.

Boston Review
Boston Review is an American quarterly political and literary magazine. It publishes political, social, and historical analysis, literary and cultural criticism, book reviews, fiction, and poetry, both online and in print. Its signature form is a "forum", featuring a lead essay and several responses. Boston Review also publishes an imprint of books with MIT Press. The editors in chief are Deborah Chasman and political philosopher Joshua Cohen. The magazine is published by Boston Critic, Inc., a nonprofit organization. It has received praise from notable intellectuals and writers including John Kenneth Galbraith, Henry Louis Gates Jr., John Rawls, Naomi Klein, Robin Kelley, Martha Nussbaum, and Jorie Graham.
Left Alliance
The Left Alliance is the name of a number of left wing political parties:

Left Democratic Alliance in Bangladesh

Alliance of the Left in Spain.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland) in Poland.

Left Alliance (Finland)

RISE – Scotland's Left Alliance

Left Alliance - UK, a grouping including the Union of Liberal Students and the Communist Party of Great Britain

Nordic Green Left Alliance, an alliance of Nordic left-wing parties

Left Alliance (Australia), an Australian student movement that flourished in the 1980s and 1990s

Leftist Alliance (Hungary), an alliance between Yes Solidarity for Hungary Movement and the Hungarian Workers' Party

Leftist Alliance

Nordic Green Left Alliance
The Nordic Green Left Alliance (Swedish: Nordisk grön vänster; Finnish: Pohjoismaiden vihreän vasemmiston liitto; Danish: Nordisk Grønne Venstre Alliance; Norwegian: Nordisk Grønt Venstre Allianse; Icelandic: Norræna vinstri-græna bandalagið; NGLA) is a left-wing party group in the Nordic Council, founded in Reykjavík, Iceland, on 1 February 2004. Initially founded by five parties representing Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Iceland, in 2009 two other parties from Greenland and the Faroe Islands joined the NGLA.
Smilin' Through (1932 film)
Smilin' Through is a 1932 American pre-Code MGM romantic drama film based on the 1919 play of the same name written by Jane Cowl and Jane Murfin under the pseudonym of Allan Langdon Martin. It was adapted from the play by James Bernard Fagan, Donald Ogden Stewart, Ernest Vajda and Claudine West. The film was directed by Sidney Franklin and stars Norma Shearer, Fredric March, Leslie Howard and Ralph Forbes.

The film is a remake of an earlier 1922 silent version, also directed by Franklin and starring Norma Talmadge.

Smilin' Through was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture for 1932.

Jane Cowl
Jane Cowl (December 14, 1883 – June 22, 1950) was an American film and stage actress and playwright who was, in the words of author Anthony Slide, "notorious for playing lachrymose parts". Actress Jane Russell was named in Cowl's honor.
Porus
Porus or Puru (Ancient Greek: Πῶρος Pôros; fl. 326–321 BC) was an ancient Indian king whose territory spanned the region between the Jhelum River (Hydaspes) and Chenab River (Acesines) in the Punjab region. He is only mentioned in Greek sources.
Said to be a warrior with exceptional skills, Porus fought against Alexander the Great in the Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BC). Following the conflict, Porus retained his kingship. Alexander not only reinstated him as his satrap but also expanded his jurisdiction to include dominion over lands to the south-east extending as far as the Hyphasis (Beas). Porus reportedly died sometime between 321 and 315 BC.

Alexandria Hyphasis
Alexandria (on the) Hyphasis was the name of the fortress on the west bank of the Hyphasis (Beas) river at which Alexander the Great stopped on 31 Aug 326 BCE in the course of his Indian campaign. It was on the eastern border of Alexander's empire. Today, it is near Amritsar, part of Punjab, India.

Alexander's army, exhausted, homesick, and anxious at the prospect of having to face yet again large Indian armies throughout the Indo-Gangetic Plain, mutinied at the Hyphasis river and refused to march further east. Alexander, after a meeting with his officer, Coenus, and after hearing about the lament of his soldiers, eventually relented, being convinced that it was better to return.
Racism in Quebec
Racism in Quebec refers to the attitudes, judgments, and discriminatory actions based on race, ethnicity, or nationality that have taken place and continue to manifest in the province of Quebec, Canada. Throughout history, the interactions between English-speaking, French-speaking communities, and Indigenous peoples, as well as the immigration of various ethnic groups, has led to the formation of racial tensions and conflicts at different times. Often, this matter in Quebec has been downplayed as isolated incidents.

The Angus Reid Institute and the University of British Columbia conducted a research series in 2021 to illuminate attitudes toward diversity and racism in Canada. They found that only 9% of Quebecers, compared to 12% of Canadians and 14% of Ontarians, believe that some races are superior to others.

Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC; French: Relations Couronne-Autochtones et des Affaires du Nord Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for Canada's northern lands and territories, and one of two departments with responsibility for policies relating to Indigenous peoples in Canada (the other being the Department of Indigenous Services, or ISC).

CIRNAC, along with ISC, were established to replace the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development (DIAND).

The department is overseen by two cabinet ministers, the Minister of Crown–Indigenous relations (whose portfolio includes treaty rights and land negotiations) and the Minister of Northern Affairs. Its headquarters is in Terrasses de la Chaudière, in downtown Gatineau, Quebec.
USS SC-521
USS SC-521 was a SC-497-class submarine chaser that served in the United States Navy during World War II.  She was laid down on 5 May 1941 by the Annapolis Yacht Yard, Inc. in Annapolis, Maryland and launched on 1 February 1942.  She was commissioned on 15 April 1942.  She foundered on 10 July 1945 off Santa Cruz, Solomon Islands.

Santa Cruz Islands
The Santa Cruz Islands form an archipelago in Temotu Province, Solomon Islands.  They lie approximately 250 miles (220 nmi; 400 km) to the southeast of the Solomon Islands archipelago, just north of the archipelago of Vanuatu and are considered part of the Vanuatu rain forests ecoregion. The term Santa Cruz Islands is sometimes used to encompass all the islands of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands.
Mount Greenock
Mount Greenock is a 2,073-metre (6,801 ft) mountain summit located in the Athabasca River valley of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is situated in the De Smet Range of the Canadian Rockies. It was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland after Greenock, in Scotland. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.
Teas
Teas or TEAS can mean:

Tea, a traditional beverage made from steeping the processed leaves, buds, or twigs of the tea bush (Camellia sinensis) in water.

Test of Essential Academic Skills, a standardized aptitude test used for entrance to nursing schools

Thermal energy atom scattering, a physics technique, see Helium atom scattering

Trademark Electronic Application System at United States Patent and Trademark Office

The Eric Andre Show, an Adult Swim television series

The European Azerbaijan Society

European Azerbaijan Society
The European Azerbaijan Society is a lobbying group founded in 2008 which was known for sponsoring luxurious trips for European politicians to travel to Azerbaijan and promoting the authoritarian regime in Azerbaijan. The group was involved in the Azerbaijani laundromat scandal.
Bruce Simpson (athlete)
Bruce Simpson (born March 6, 1950) is a retired male pole vaulter from Canada. He set his personal best (5.38 metres) in the men's pole vault on 13 February 1976 at a meet in Toronto.

Simpson finished third behind Kiyoshi Niwa in the pole vault event at the 1970 AAA Championships.

Kiyoshi Niwa
Kiyoshi Niwa (Japanese: 丹羽 清, Hepburn: Niwa Kiyoshi; born 7 May 1947) is a Japanese track and field athlete. He competed in the men's pole vault at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Niwa won the British AAA Championships title in the pole vault event at the 1970 AAA Championships.
Maschalandra
Maschalandra is a monotypic snout moth genus described by Edward Meyrick in 1937. Its only species, Maschalandra euphema, described in the same publication, is known from Democratic Republic of the Congo (including Lubumbashi, the type location).

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
1990 Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway crash
3°16′N 101°39′E﻿ / ﻿3.27°N 101.65°E﻿ / 3.27; 101.65

The 1990 Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway crash was a highway pile-up took place in Gombak District, Selangor, Malaysia on 28 February 1990. About 17 people were killed when the passenger bus collided with a tanker lorry, FRU riot police vehicles, a lorry, two taxis and six cars at kilometre 30.9 of the Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway about 5 km from Genting Sempah Tunnel at Selangor–Pahang border. 11 FRU riot police personal were killed too. Many vehicles to and from Kuala Lumpur were trapped in a massive jams for five hours. This was the worst highway disaster in Malaysia since Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway was opened to traffic in 1979.

Multiple-vehicle collision
A multiple-vehicle collision (colloquially known as a pileup or multi-car collision), is a road traffic collision involving many vehicles. Generally occurring on high-capacity and high-speed routes such as freeways, they are one of the deadliest forms of traffic collisions. The most disastrous pileups have involved more than a hundred vehicles.
Lega (surname)
Lega is the surname of:

Achille Lega (1899–1934), Italian painter

David Lega (born 1973), Swedish politician and paralympic swimmer

Giulio Lega (1892–1973), Italian World War I flying ace

Joceline Lega, French applied mathematician

Mario Lega (born 1949), Italian motorcyclist

Mario Lega (athlete) (born 1957), Italian long jumoer

Michele Lega (1860–1935), cardinal

Silvestro Lega (1826–1895), Italian painter

Silvio Lega (1945–2021), Italian politician

David Lega
Michael David Alexander Lega (born 12 October 1973) is a Swedish politician for the Christian Democrats, and a former paralympic swimmer who beat 14 world records during his career. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 2019 to 2024, and served on the committee on foreign affairs and the committee of human rights.
Italian school of swordsmanship
The term Italian school of swordsmanship is used to describe the Italian style of fencing and edged-weapon combat from the time of the first extant Italian swordsmanship treatise (1409) to the days of classical fencing (up to the modern day).

Although the weapons and the reason for their use changed dramatically throughout these five centuries, a few fundamental traits have remained constant in the Italian school. Some of these are the preference for certain guards, the preoccupation with time (or "tempo") in fencing as well as many of the defensive actions.

The Dardi school of fencing with the spada da lato was one of the influences of the early modern style of fencing.

Antonio Francesco Manciolino
Antonio Francesco Manciolino (... - ...; fl. 1518-1531) is considered one of the most important masters of the so-called "Bolognese School" of fencing.

There is very little biographical information about Antonio Francesco Manciolino: on November 24, 1518 he signed a contract for the publication of one thousand copies of his treatise on fencing with the Roman printer Stefano Guillery, committing to pay for the books two months after delivery; no other trace of this edition remains.
Off-stream reservoir
An off-stream reservoir is a reservoir that is not located along a river and is instead supplied by a pipeline, aqueduct or an adjacent river. This design has the advantage of limiting the reservoir's ecological impact.

The San Luis Reservoir is the largest off-stream reservoir in the United States. Although it is located on a small stream, it gets the vast majority of its water from the California Aqueduct by pumping aqueduct water up-hill to the reservoir.

The Sites Reservoir is a planned off-stream reservoir in California.

Aqueduct (water supply)
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term aqueduct is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term aqueduct also often refers specifically to a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse.

Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, ancient Rome, ancient Aztec, and ancient Inca. The simplest aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth. Much larger channels may be used in modern aqueducts. Aqueducts sometimes run for some or all of their path through tunnels constructed underground. Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines. Historically, agricultural societies have constructed aqueducts to irrigate crops and supply large cities with drinking water.
2023 attack on the Chem Pluto
On 23 December 2023, the tanker Chem Pluto was struck by an anti-ship missile or drone while it was carrying oil from Jubail, Saudi Arabia, to New Mangalore Port, India.  The strike happened at 10:00 local time (06:00 GMT) when the ship was about 200 miles (320 km) south-west of Veraval.

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
Huopana
Huopana (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhuo̯pɑnɑ]) is a village in the municipality of Viitasaari in Central Finland, Finland. It is located along Highway 77, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the town centre near the border of Kannonkoski. The village is particularly known for the Huopanankoski rapids. There is one primary school in Huopana.

Permanent settlement came to Huopana after the mid-16th century, and already in 1560 the village had three tax-paying houses. In 1870, there were 623 residents, and in the 20th century, there were over 30 farmers in the Huopana area, 25 new dwellings on state land, and a total of 55 crofts.

Municipalities of Finland
The municipalities (Finnish: kunta; Swedish: kommun) represent the local level of administration in Finland and act as the fundamental, self-governing administrative units of the country. The entire country is incorporated into municipalities and legally, all municipalities are equal, although certain municipalities are called cities or towns (Finnish: kaupunki; Swedish: stad). Municipalities have the right to levy a flat percentual income tax, which is between 16 and 22 percent, and they provide two thirds of public services. Municipalities control many community services, such as schools, health care and the water supply, and local streets. They do not maintain highways, set laws or keep police forces, which are responsibilities of the central government.
Mount Jahanbin
Mount Jahanbin (32°11′18″N   50°40′46″E) is a 3,200-metre-high (10,500 ft) mountain in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, central Iran. Jahanbin mount is about 2 km west of the Hafshejan City, 15 km south of Shahrekord and 100 km in south-west of Isfahan. Mount Jahanbin is part of Zagros mountain range which runs along the northwest to southeast of Iran. From the geological point of view Jahanbin mount in made of limestones from the Cretaceous period located in the folded Zagros geological structure.

32°11′18″N 50°40′46″E﻿ / ﻿32.18833°N 50.67944°E﻿ / 32.18833; 50.67944

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
Landis Township, New Jersey
Landis Township was a township that existed in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States from 1864 to 1952. It was named after Charles K. Landis, the founder of Vineland.

Landis Township was incorporated as a township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 7, 1864, from portions of Millville, based on the results of a referendum held on March 22, 1864. Portions of the township were taken to form Vineland Borough (May 28, 1880). Other transfers of territory were made to Maurice River Township (1873), to Franklin Township (Gloucester County) (1892, returned in 1897) and from Millville (1934).

Landis Township lasted until July 1, 1952, when it was combined with Vineland Borough to form Vineland City, based on the results of a referendum held on February 5, 1952.

Franklin Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey
Franklin Township is a township in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 16,380, a decrease of 440 (−2.6%) from the 2010 census count of 16,820, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,354 (+8.8%) from the 15,466 counted in the 2000 census.

Franklin Township was formed as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on January 27, 1820, from portions of Greenwich Township and Woolwich Township. Parts of the township have been taken to form Clayton Township (February 5, 1858) and Newfield (March 8, 1924). The township was named for Benjamin Franklin.
Margaret the Virgin
Margaret, known as Margaret of Antioch in the West, and as Saint Marina the Great Martyr (Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Μαρίνα) in the East, is celebrated as a saint on 20 July in Western Christianity, on 30th of July (Julian calendar) by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and on Epip 23 and Hathor 23 in the Coptic Orthodox Church. The teenage Margaret is said to have been tortured and beheaded when she refused to renounce Christianity and give her virginity to a Roman official in the 4th century. She was reputed to have promised very powerful indulgences to those who wrote or read her life or invoked her intercessions; these no doubt helped the spread of her following. Margaret is one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers in Roman Catholic tradition.

Hathor (month)
Hathor (Coptic: Ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ, Hathōr), also known as Athyr (Ancient Greek: Ἀθύρ, Athýr) and Hatur (Arabic: هاتور), is the third month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between November 10 and December 9 of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Hathor is also the third month of the season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land of Egypt; they have not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.