hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Changfeng County
Changfeng County  (simplified Chinese: 长丰县; traditional Chinese: 長豐縣; pinyin: Chángfēng Xiàn) is a county of Anhui Province, East China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Hefei, the capital of Anhui, and is also its northernmost county-level division. The county has a surface of 1,922.24 km2 (742.18 sq mi) and a population of 629,535 inhabitants. It contains 9 towns, 6 townships, and a development zone.

In 2014 Changfeng County offered 1,000 RMB in cash ($140) to each family who gave newborns the mothers' surname, in order improve the imbalanced sex ratio.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Olguin
Olguin or Olguín is a surname in the Spanish speaking world. Notable people with the surname include:

Adriana Olguín (1911–2015), Chilean lawyer and politician

Carlos Olguin-Trelawny, Argentine film director and screenwriter

Felipe Solís Olguín (1944–2009), Mexican archaeologist, anthropologist and historian

Fernando M. Olguin (born 1961), American judge

Héctor Pedraza Olguín (born 1966), Mexican politician

Jorge Olguín (born 1952), Argentine footballer

Jorge Olguín (born 1973/1974), Chilean film director

José Olguín, Chilean footballer

Leonardo Olguín (born 1975), Argentine tennis player

Luciano Olguín (born 1982), Argentine footballer

Néstor Olguín (born 1988), Mexican footballer

Otilio Olguín (born 1931), Mexican swimmer and water polo player

Roy Argel Gómez Olguín (born 1973), Mexican politician

Sergio Olguín, Argentinean author, journalist and literary critic

Sergio Olguín
Sergio Olguín is an Argentine author, journalist and literary critic born on 29 January 1967 in Buenos Aires. Whereas most of the novels that he has published to date can be categorised as youth literature, he has also published stories and novels that do not fall in this category.
Tennessee State University
Tennessee State University (Tennessee State, Tenn State, or TSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, it is the only state-funded historically black university in Tennessee. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. Tennessee State University offers 41 bachelor's degrees, 23 master's degrees, and eight doctoral degrees. It is classified as "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Thurgood Marshall College Fund
The Thurgood Marshall College Fund (TMCF) is a non-profit organization that supports and represents nearly 300,000 students attending its 55 member-schools that include public historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), medical schools, and law schools. The organization is named after the Supreme Court's first African-American Justice, Thurgood Marshall.
Babičko Monastery
Babičko Monastery is a Serbian medieval monastery which belongs to the Eparchy of Niš and represents an immovable cultural good. It is located near the village of Babičko, ten kilometers away from Pečenjevce, on the territory of the city of Leskovac. It was constructed in the 16th century, but the exact benefactor is no longer known. It is consecrated to the Dormition of the Mother of God.

Cultural heritage of Serbia
Cultural heritage of Serbia (Serbian: Културна добра Србије, romanized: Kulturna dobra Srbije, lit. 'Cultural Goods of Serbia') represents the totality of national cultural heritage in Serbia (including Kosovo) as defined by Serbia's Law on Cultural Goods. Some of national heritage sites in Serbia are also World Heritage Sites.
Quartier Saint-Pierre (Calais)
The Quartier Saint-Pierre is the heart of the old town of Saint-Pierre-lès-Calais (West Flemish: Sint-Pieter), which was merged with the town of Calais in 1881.

It is centered on the church of St. Pierre, in front of which a market is held on Saturday mornings, and on the labor exchange.

The economy of the town of Saint-Pierre focused on the lace industry, that of Calais on its harbor and on fishing around Courghain.

The Gare de Calais-Ville was originally the station of Saint-Pierre-lès-Calais, opened in 1848 by the Chemin de Fer du Nord, 40 years before the union of Calais with Saint-Pierre. The bridge over the railway marks the boundary between the two ancient cities, and even today marks the boundary between the old industrial city and the port city.

50°56′40″N 1°51′33″E﻿ / ﻿50.94444°N 1.85917°E﻿ / 50.94444; 1.85917

Chemins de fer du Nord
The Chemins de fer du Nord (French: Compagnie des chemins de fer du Nord [kɔ̃paɲi de ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ dy nɔʁ] or CF du Nord; English: Northern Railway Company) often referred to simply as the Nord company, was a rail transport company founded in September 1845 in Paris. It was owned by, among others, de Rothschild Frères of France, N M Rothschild & Sons of London, Charles Laffitte and Edward Blount, and Baron Jean–Henri Hottinguer. Baron James de Rothschild served as the company's president from its inception until his death in 1868.
Mobile automaton
Mobile automaton (plural: mobile automata) within theoretical computer science, is a class of automata similar to cellular automata but which have a single "active" cell instead of updating all cells in parallel. In a mobile automaton, the evolution rules apply only to the active cell, and also specify how the active cell moves from one generation to the next. All cells that are not active remain the same from one generation to the next. Mobile automata can therefore be considered a hybrid between elementary cellular automata and Turing machines.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Joyce Baird (diabetologist)
Joyce Baird (1929 – 2014) was a Scottish diabetes clinical and academic researcher, internationally cited for her work in both laboratory and clinical settings. Baird created the Metabolic Unit at the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh and established a model of patient care that allowed those with endocrine disorders to monitor and treat themselves without supervision, and was organised in 'family friendly' hours. Baird was Vice President of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. A new 'Baird Family Hospital' is opening in Aberdeen, Scotland in 2021, named for Joyce Baird, her parents and her brother's contribution to UK medicine.

Metabolic disorder
A metabolic disorder is a disorder that negatively alters the body's processing and distribution of macronutrients, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Metabolic disorders can happen when abnormal chemical reactions in the body alter the normal metabolic process. It can also be defined as inherited single gene anomaly, most of which are autosomal recessive.
Lars Edegran
Lars Ivar Edegran (born 1944) is a Dixieland jazz musician and bandleader from Sweden. He most often plays piano, guitar, or banjo but has also played mandolin, clarinet, and saxophone.

Edegran was born in Stockholm, Sweden and played in New Orleans style groups in Sweden before moving to New Orleans in 1966. He played with many older and younger New Orleans musicians.

Edegran founded and is the leader of the New Orleans Ragtime Orchestra. He has toured and recorded extensively. He has also performed in Preservation Hall and in the Norwegian Seamen's Church in New Orleans.

His theatrical arrangements include the music for the show One Mo' Time.

George H. Buck Jr. Jazz Foundation
The George H. Buck Jr. Jazz Foundation was created by George Buck in the 1980s to maintain the catalog of his jazz record labels. The catalog includes dixieland jazz, swing, blues, rhythm and blues, gospel, and cabaret music.
Trevor Hatherton
Trevor Hatherton OBE (30 September 1924 – 2 May 1992) was a New Zealand geophysicist, scientific administrator and Antarctic scientist. He was born in Sharlston, Yorkshire, England, on 30 September 1924.

In the 1958 Queen's Birthday Honours, Hatherton was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.

Sharlston
Sharlston is a village and civil parish, situated 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England, and includes the settlements of Old Sharlston, Sharlston Common and New Sharlston. Its population at the 2001 census was 2,756, reducing to 2,663 at the 2011 Census.  The village lies in the City of Wakefield unitary district.
Mark Horrocks
Mark Horrocks (born 13 January 1977) is a former English cricketer.  Horrocks was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Hereford, Herefordshire.

Horrocks made his debut for Herefordshire in the 2001 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire.  From 2001 to 2004, he represented the county in 7 Championship matches, the last of which came against Berkshire.  His MCCA Knockout Trophy debut for the county came against the Gloucestershire Cricket Board in 2002.  From 2002 to 2004, he represented the county in 6 Trophy matches, the last of which came against Wiltshire.

He also represented Herefordshire in 2 List A matches.  These came against Oxfordshire in the 1st round of the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2003 and Worcestershire in the 2nd round of the same competition, which was played in 2004.  In his 2 matches, he took a single wicket at a bowling average of 78.00, with best figures of 1/46.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Alipour
Alipour (Persian: علی‌پور or علیپور), or Alipoor, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Alipour (born 1994), Iranian footballer

Bijan Allipour (born 1949), Iranian business executive

Ebrahim Alipoor

Javaad Alipoor

Reza Alipour (born 1994), Iranian speed climber

Rozita Alipour (born 1989), Iranian karateka

Rozita Alipour
Rozita Alipour (Persian: رزیتا علی‌پور, also Romanized as "Rozītā Alīpūr"; born 6 July 1989) is an Iranian karateka, who competes in the kumite 61 kg division. She won silver medals at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games and 2018 Asian Games.

In 2021, she competed at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Paris, France hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She won one of the bronze medals in her event at the 2021 Asian Karate Championships held in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Canajoharie, New York
Canajoharie (/ˌkænədʒəˈhɛəri/) is a town in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 3,660 as of the 2020 census. Canajoharie is located south of the Mohawk River on the southern border of the county. The Erie Canal passes along the northern town line. The village of Canajoharie is in the northern part of the town. Both are east of Utica and west of Amsterdam.

Canajoharie Creek
The Canajoharie Creek (/ˌkænədʒəˈhɛəri/) is a river that flows into the Mohawk River in the Village of Canajoharie in the U.S. State of New York. The name "Canajoharie" is a Mohawk language term meaning "the pot that washes itself", referring to the "Canajoharie Boiling Pot", a 20-foot (6.1 m) wide and 10-foot (3.0 m) deep pothole in the Canajoharie Creek, just south of the village of Canajoharie. Bowmans Creek is one main tributary that enters the creek east of the Hamlet of Sprout Brook. The other main tributary is Brimstone Creek which enters the creek north-northwest of the Village of Ames.
Silver Lake (Sumter County, Florida)
Silver Lake is a long and narrow natural freshwater lake on the border between Hernando County, Florida, and Sumter County, Florida. This lake is surrounded by the Withlacoochee State Forest. On the south shore are the Silver Lake Campgrounds. A public boat ramp on the lake shore is within the campgrounds. On the northwest this lake is bounded by Interstate 75. The entire shore of Silver Lake is forested. A small almost round islet, 60 feet (18 m) long by 50 feet (15 m) wide, is in the southeast corner of the lake, just offshore. Sometimes sandbars are nearby. The Withlacoochee River flows into the lake and out the other end.

While this lake has a public boat ramp it has no public swimming beach. There is no information about the types of fish in this lake in online sites.

Hernando County, Florida
Hernando County (Spanish: Condado de Hernando) is a county located on the west central coast of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 194,515. Its county seat is Brooksville, and its largest community is Spring Hill. Hernando County is included in the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also part of the Nature Coast of Florida.
Sehetepibre
Sehetepibre Sewesekhtawy (also Sehetepibre I or Sehetepibre II depending on the scholar) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 13th Dynasty during the early Second Intermediate Period, possibly the fifth or tenth king of the Dynasty.

Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XIII) was a series of rulers from approximately 1803 BC until approximately 1649 BC, i.e. for 154 years. It is often classified as the final dynasty of the Middle Kingdom (which includes Dynasties XI, XII and XIV), but some historians instead group it in the Second Intermediate Period (with Dynasties XIV through XVII).

Dynasty XIII initially ruled from the Nile Delta to the second cataract of the Nile. However, the dynasty marked a period of decline and instability, with the Canaanite Dynasty XIV rising concurrently and the Hyksos Dynasty XV taking control shortly after.

Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep is usually considered Dynasty XIII's first pharaoh, and Merneferre Ay, while not the final pharaoh, was the last to occupy the Middle Kingdom capital of Itjtawy, and the last of the dynasty with a significant recorded reign.
Thônes
Thônes (French pronunciation: [ton]) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France, and is the ″capital″ of local cheeses Reblochon and Chevrotin.

Haute-Savoie
Haute-Savoie (French pronunciation: [ot savwa] ⓘ; Arpitan: Savouè d'Amont; Italian: Alta Savoia) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its prefecture is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva; to the south and southeast are Mont Blanc and the Aravis mountain range.

It holds its name from the Savoy historical region, as does the department of Savoie, located south of Haute-Savoie. In 2019, it had a population of 826,094. Its subprefectures are Bonneville, Saint-Julien-en-Genevois and Thonon-les-Bains. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel into Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.
NOtoAV
NOtoAV was a political campaign in the United Kingdom whose purpose was to persuade the public to vote against the Alternative Vote (AV) in the referendum on 5 May 2011. The opposition to switching to AV was successful, with the "No" vote to switching to AV receiving 67.9% of votes cast in the 2011 referendum.

Crispin Odey
Robin Crispin William Odey (born January 1959) is a British hedge fund manager and founder of Odey Asset Management.

In June 2023, the Financial Times published an investigative report which alleged that Odey had sexually harassed or assaulted 13 women over the course of 25 years. Odey denied the allegations. Odey Asset Management announced shortly afterwards that Odey would be leaving the firm. Investors soon started pulling their money from the firm following the report, prompting it to suspend withdrawals. In late June 2023 the company suspended flagship hedge funds, and it was speculated that it might break up. In March 2025, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) fined Crispin Odey £1.8 million and banned him from the UK financial services industry for a 'lack of integrity'. Odey intends to challenge the decision in the Upper Tribunal.
Juan Arredondo
Juan Arredondo Chavez (10 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a Mexican tennis player.

Arredondo partnered with Vicente Zarazúa in doubles to win a gold medal at the 1962 Central American and Caribbean Games and a silver medal at the 1963 Pan American Games.

In Vancouver in 1963, Arredondo made his only Davis Cup appearance for Mexico, for a tie against Canada. He played in the reverse singles, a dead rubber which he lost to Keith Carpenter in five sets.

His son, Juan Carlos, competed on the professional tour and was a 2001 Universiade doubles champion.

1963 Pan American Games
The 1963 Pan American Games, officially known as the IV Pan American Games (Portuguese: IV Jogos Pan-Americanos) and commonly known as São Paulo 1963, were held from April 20 to May 5, 1963, in São Paulo, Brazil.

The organization of the Pan American Games was led by Major Sylvio de Magalhães Padilha, a distinguished Olympic athlete who also served as President of the Brazilian Olympic Committee, Vice President of PanAm Sports (Panamerican Sports Organization), and Vice President of the International Olympic Committee.
Maseru
Maseru is the capital and largest city of Lesotho. It is also the capital of the Maseru District. Located on the Caledon River, Maseru lies directly on the Lesotho–South Africa border. Maseru had a population of 330,760 in the 2016 census. The city was established as a police camp and assigned as the capital after the country became a British protectorate in 1869. When the country achieved independence in 1966, Maseru retained its status as capital. The name of the city is a Sesotho word meaning "red sandstones".

British protectorate
British protectorates were protectorates under the jurisdiction of the British government. Many territories which became British protectorates already had local rulers with whom the Crown negotiated through treaty, acknowledging their status whilst simultaneously offering protection. British protectorates were therefore governed by indirect rule. In most cases, the local ruler, as well as the subjects of the ruler, were not British subjects, but rather British protected persons. British protected states represented a more loose form of British suzerainty, where the local rulers retained absolute control over the states' internal affairs and the British exercised control over defence and foreign affairs.
Rama, Ethiopia
Rama (also called Mai Lala, Lala) is a town in Tigray, Ethiopia. It is located 35 km north of the town of Adwa and 7 kilometers from the border with Eritrea, in the Mehakelegnaw (Central) Zone of the Tigray Region. The town occupies a fertile lowland area and has a latitude and longitude of 14°25′N 38°47′E﻿ / ﻿14.417°N 38.783°E﻿ / 14.417; 38.783 with an elevation of 1385 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Mereb Lehe woreda.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Arbury Banks, Hertfordshire
Arbury Banks is a hill fort southwest of Ashwell, Hertfordshire, England.

It was probably first constructed during the late Bronze Age, 1000-700 BC. Standing at 90 m (300 ft) above sea level, it is one of a line of six similar hill forts along the northern Chilterns that includes Wilbury Hill Camp southwest of Letchworth. Excavations in the 1850s traced Arbury Banks' horseshoe-shaped ramparts and identified two opposed north-north-west and south-south-east entrances. Evidence was also discovered for several enclosures or buildings inside the fort.

Arbury Banks has been suggested as a possible location for the Battle of Watling Street, where a small Roman force destroyed the army of Boudica.

The site is a scheduled monument.

Ordnance Survey grid reference: TL261387

Bronze Age Britain
Bronze Age Britain is an era of British history that spanned from c. 2500–2000 BC until c. 800 BC. Lasting for approximately 1,700 years, it was preceded by the era of Neolithic Britain and was in turn followed by the period of Iron Age Britain. Being categorised as the Bronze Age, it was marked by the use of copper and then bronze by the prehistoric Britons, who used such metals to fashion tools. Great Britain in the Bronze Age also saw the widespread adoption of agriculture.

During the British Bronze Age, large megalithic monuments similar to those from the Late Neolithic continued to be constructed or modified, including such sites as Avebury, Stonehenge, Silbury Hill and Must Farm. That has been described as a time "when elaborate ceremonial practices emerged among some communities of subsistence agriculturalists of western Europe".
Wiesława
Wiesława is a Polish feminine given name, the feminine form of Wiesław, which means "great glory". Notable people with the given name include:

Wiesława Kiełsznia (born 1961), Polish rower

Wiesława Kwaśniewska (born 1933), Polish actress

Wiesława Lech (born 1946), Polish gymnast

Wiesława Martyka (born 1949), Polish luger

Wiesława Mazurkiewicz (1926–2021), Polish actress

Wiesława Nizioł (fl. 1984–present), Polish mathematician and researcher

Wiesława Noskiewicz (1911–1991), Polish gymnast

Wiesława Ryłko (born 1957), Polish field hockey player

Wiesława Żelaskowska (born 1964), Polish gymnast

Wiesława Mazurkiewicz
Wiesława Mazurkiewicz-Lutkiewicz (25 March 1926 – 20 April 2021) was a Polish film and theater actress. She graduated from the National Film School in Łódź in 1952.

In 1974 she starred in the Academy Award-nominated film The Deluge under Jerzy Hoffman.

Mazurkiewicz appeared in the Teatr Nowy i Łódź, Juliusz Słowacki Theatre in Kraków, Teatr Powszechny in Warsaw, National Theatre in Warsaw and Teatr Rozmaitości in Warsaw.

She was awarded the Gold Cross of Merit in 1979.

Mazurkiewicz died on 20 April 2021, aged 95.