hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic tensor
In electromagnetism, the electromagnetic tensor or electromagnetic field tensor (sometimes called the field strength tensor, Faraday tensor or Maxwell bivector) is a mathematical object that describes the electromagnetic field in spacetime.  The field tensor was developed by Arnold Sommerfeld after the four-dimensional tensor formulation of special relativity was introduced by Hermann Minkowski.: 22  The tensor allows related physical laws to be written concisely, and allows for the quantization of the electromagnetic field by the Lagrangian formulation described below.

Exterior derivative
On a differentiable manifold, the exterior derivative extends the concept of the differential of a function to differential forms of higher degree. The exterior derivative was first described in its current form by Élie Cartan in 1899. The resulting calculus, known as exterior calculus, allows for a natural, metric-independent generalization of Stokes' theorem, Gauss's theorem, and Green's theorem from vector calculus.

If a differential k-form is thought of as measuring the flux through an infinitesimal k-parallelotope at each point of the manifold, then its exterior derivative can be thought of as measuring the net flux through the boundary of a (k + 1)-parallelotope at each point.
Antoinette Jadaone
Antoinette Hilario Jadaone (Tagalog: [an.to.iˈnɛt hi.laˈɾi.o ha.daʊˈne];born April 3, 1984), sometimes credited as Tonet Jadaone, is a Filipino filmmaker and podcast host. She is best known for directing That Thing Called Tadhana (2014), Love You to the Stars and Back (2017), Never Not Love You (2018), Alone/Together (2019), and Fan Girl (2020). Jadaone was also a resident director for ABS-CBN Entertainment and Star Cinema.

Aside from directing and producing films, she is the co-host of the podcast Ang Walang Kwentang Podcast alongside fellow director JP Habac.

Star Cinema
ABS-CBN Film Productions, Inc., doing business as Star Cinema, is a Filipino film studio based in Quezon City. Star Cinema is owned by the Filipino media and entertainment conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation and was incorporated on May 8, 1993, as Star Cinema Productions, Inc. with the help of Lily Monteverde and Regal Films. Since its inception, Star Cinema has produced some of the highest-grossing Filipino films of all time. Star Cinema has also been involved in the production of some TV series shown on ABS-CBN television network with Pangako Sa 'Yo in 2000 as its initial production.
Shree Narayan Medical Institute and Hospital
Shree Narayan Medical Institute and Hospital, established in 2021, is a self financed medical college and hospital located at Saharsa, Bihar. This college offers the Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) courses and has an annual intake capacity of 150. This college is affiliated with the Bihar University of Health Sciences and recognized by the National Medical Commission.

National Medical Commission
The National Medical Commission (NMC) is a statutory body in India that regulates medical education, medical professionals, institutes, and research. Established on 25 September 2020, it replaced the Medical Council of India. The Commission grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical practice and assesses the medical infrastructure in India.

It was earlier established for 6 months by an ordinance in January 2019 and later became a permanent law passed by Parliament of India and later approved by President of India on 08-August-2019.
Nimrod Zviran
Nimrod Zviran (Hebrew: נמרוד צבירן) is an Israeli paralympic champion.

Zviran has had cerebral palsy since birth. He started rehabilitation through sports when he was two years old and joined the Maccabi Tel Aviv swimming team at six. Despite the team being designed for able-bodied athletes, Zviran remained a member until he turned 18. He graduated from high school in Tel Aviv and volunteered for army service at the Ministry of Defense's Comptroller's office.

During his military service, Zviran dedicated himself to practice paralympic swimming. In 2002 he reached 4th place at the World Championship. In the 2004 Summer Paralympics he won a bronze medal in 400m freestyle, reached 4th place in 50m and 6th place in 100m.

Maccabi Tel Aviv
Maccabi Tel Aviv (Hebrew: מכבי תל אביב) is one of the largest sports clubs in Israel, and a part of the Maccabi association. Many sports clubs and teams in Tel Aviv are in association with Maccabi and compete in a variety of sports, such as football, basketball, judo, swimming, handball, and others.
HMS Southsea Castle
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Southsea Castle, named after Southsea Castle on Portsea Island, Hampshire, England:

HMS Southsea Castle (1696), a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate launched in 1696 at Redbridge. On 15 September 1697 she was wrecked on the coast of England near Hoylake.

HMS Southsea Castle (1697), a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate launched in 1697 at Deptford Dockyard. On 12 November 1699 she was wrecked together with HMS Biddeford on Île-à-Vache off the coast of Hispaniola while sailing to Jamaica.

HMS Southsea Castle (1708)

HMS Southsea Castle (1724) built at Portsmouth by John Naish

HMS Southsea Castle (1745)

Hoylake
Hoylake (/hɔɪˈleɪk/) is a seaside town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is at the north west of the Wirral Peninsula, near West Kirby and where the River Dee meets the Irish Sea. At the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 5,315.

In the nineteenth century, the town grew up around the small fishing village of Hoose (lit. 'hollows'), a settlement that was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 within the Hundred of 'Wilaveston' (historically part of Cheshire). The town takes its name from 'Hoyle Lake', a nearby channel of water out towards Hilbre Island that provided a safe anchorage for shipping.
Mount Pleasant/Scottdale Airport
Mount Pleasant/Scottdale Airport (FAA LID: P45) is a privately owned, public use airport in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Mount Pleasant and near Scottdale, both boroughs in Westmoreland County.

This airport was included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Scottdale, Pennsylvania
Scottdale is a borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States, 32 miles (51 km) southeast of Pittsburgh.

Early in the 20th century, Scottdale was the center of the Frick coke interests. It had steel and iron pipe mills, brass and silver works, a casket factory, a large milk-pasteurizing plant, and machine shops; all of the aforementioned are presently defunct. Scottdale is notable for its economic decline from a formerly prosperous coke-town into an archetypal Rust Belt town. Duraloy Technologies, "a supplier of specialty high alloy, centrifugal and static cast components and assemblies" is the last remnant of Scottdale's steel related prosperity.

In 1900, 4,261 people lived in Scottdale; in 1910, the population increased to 5,456; and in 1940, 6,493 people lived in Scottdale. As of the 2020 census, Scottdale had a population of 4,430. Scottdale is located in the Southmoreland School District.
Morchella ulmaria
Morchella ulmaria is a species of fungus in the family Morchellaceae. It was described as new to science in 2012 by Philippe Clowez. Later in the same year, Michael Kuo and colleagues described Morchella cryptica, which is a junior synonym of M. ulmaria. The species occurs in the forests of Midwestern North America, often associated with white ash (Fraxinus americana), the American tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) or species of maple or elm. It is closely related to M. castanea and 2 unnamed species from Asia.

The range of M. ulmaria overlaps with M. americana, which cannot be reliably distinguished from M. ulmaria without DNA sampling.

Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward in Western Asia to Iran, in Africa to Libya, and in Southeast Asia into Indonesia.

Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual elms reached great size and age. However, in recent decades, most mature elms of European or North American origin have died from Dutch elm disease, caused by a microfungus dispersed by bark beetles. In response, disease-resistant cultivars have been developed, capable of restoring the elm to forestry and landscaping.
Benjamin Obdyke
Benjamin Obdyke Incorporated is a building materials manufacturer based in the Philadelphia suburb of Horsham, Pennsylvania. The company was started by its namesake, Benjamin P. Obdyke in 1868.  Benjamin P. Obdyke is credited with creating and manufacturing the first corrugated downspout while the company itself claims patents on three products that have been integral in the advancement of building practices over the past 20 years: Roll Vent the first rolled ridge vent, Cedar Breather the first wood roofing underlayment, and Home Slicker the first rolled product to provide drainage and air flow in rainscreen wall assemblies. While the company’s origins are closely tied to the metal gutters and downspouts business, Benjamin Obdyke sold off that part of their business in the late nineties and now exclusively sells roof and wall products that help improve the building envelope, most of which feature the company’s patented matrix technology.

Rainscreen
A rainscreen is an exterior wall detail where the siding (wall cladding) stands off from the moisture-resistant surface of an air/water barrier applied to the sheathing to create a capillary break and to allow drainage and evaporation. The rainscreen is the cladding or siding itself but the term rainscreen implies a system of building. Ideally the rainscreen prevents the wall air/water barrier from getting wet but because of cladding attachments and penetrations (such as windows and doors) water is likely to reach this point, and hence materials are selected to be moisture tolerant and integrated with flashing. In some cases a rainscreen wall is called a pressure-equalized rainscreen wall where the ventilation openings are large enough for the air pressure to nearly equalize on both sides of the rain screen, but this name has been criticized as being redundant and is only useful to scientists and engineers.
Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Veronese, 1575)
The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine is a c.1575 oil-on-canvas painting by Paolo Veronese, produced as the high altarpiece for Santa Caterina church in Venice. It remained there until the First World War, during which it was moved to its present home in the city's Gallerie dell'Accademia

It shows the Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine, a subject repeatedly returned to by the artist, such as in a c.1547–1550 work by the artist. It is one of the most successful variants on Titian's 1519–1526 Pesaro Altarpiece for Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, also in Venice, using the same asymmetric diagonal composition with the Madonna and Child in a stepped throne to the left of centre. A pair of Corinthian columns behind the throne represent the pillars of the faith.

Pesaro Madonna
The Pesaro Madonna (Italian: Pala Pesaro) (better known as the Madonna di Ca' Pesaro) is a painting by the late Italian Renaissance master Titian, commissioned by Jacopo Pesaro, whose family acquired in 1518 the chapel in the Frari Basilica in Venice for which the work was painted, and where it remains today.  Jacopo was Bishop of Paphos, in Cyprus, and had been named commander of the papal fleet by the Borgia pope, Alexander VI. This painting recalls one of Titian's earliest paintings,  Jacopo Pesaro being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter, c. 1510-11
Michael League
Michael League (born April 24, 1984) is an American composer, producer, and multi-instrumentalist. He is the bandleader of instrumental band Snarky Puppy and the international music ensemble Bokanté. He also founded the band Forq with keyboardist Henry Hey, and is also an owner and founder of the record label GroundUP Music. League has won five Grammy Awards.

Metropole Orkest
The Metropole Orkest (transl. Metropole Orchestra) is a jazz and pop orchestra based in the Netherlands, and is the largest full-time ensemble of its kind in the world. A hybrid orchestra, it combines jazz, big band and classical symphony orchestra styles. Comprising between 52 and 97 musicians, it is versatile across many musical forms, and is equipped with a "double rhythm section" – one for pop and rock, and one for jazz based music.
Listerine
Listerine (/ˈlɪstəriːn/, LIH-ster-EEN) is an American brand of antiseptic mouthwash that is promoted with the slogan "Kills germs that cause bad breath".  Named after Joseph Lister, who pioneered antiseptic surgery at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in United Kingdom, Listerine was developed in 1879 by Joseph Lawrence, a chemist in St. Louis, Missouri.

Originally marketed by the Lambert Pharmacal Company (which later became Warner–Lambert), Listerine has been manufactured and distributed by Johnson & Johnson since its acquisition of Pfizer's consumer healthcare division on December 20, 2006.

The Listerine brand name is also used in toothpaste, chewable tablets, and self-dissolving teeth-whitening strips.

Thymol
Thymol (also known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, IPMP), C10H14O, is a monoterpenoid, phenol derivative of p-cymene, isomeric with carvacrol. It occurs naturally in oil of thyme and is extracted from Thymus vulgaris (common thyme), ajwain, and various other plants, as a white crystalline substance with a pleasant aromatic odor.

Thymol provides the distinctive flavor of the culinary herb thyme, also produced from T. vulgaris. Thymol is only slightly soluble in water at neutral pH, but due to deprotonation of the phenol, it is highly soluble in alcohols, other organic solvents, and strongly alkaline aqueous solutions.
Black Ash Swamp
Black Ash Swamp is a small lake located northwest of Lordville in Delaware County, New York. Blue Mill Stream flows into the lake from the north, it drains south-southwest via Blue Mill Stream, which flows into the Delaware River. Somerset Lake is located northeast of Black Ash Swamp.

Hancock, New York
Hancock is a town in Delaware County, New York, United States. The town contains a village, also named Hancock. The town is in the southwest part of the county. The population was 2,764 at the 2020 census. The town is the largest by area in Delaware County. The town borders two other counties, Sullivan County to the south and Pennsylvania's Wayne County to the west. The town is located partially in the Catskill Park.
1998 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships – Doubles
Mark Merklein and Vincent Spadea were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals this year.

Grant Stafford and Kevin Ullyett won the title, defeating Michael Tebbutt and Mikael Tillström 4–6, 6–4, 7–5 in the final.

Vince Spadea
Vincent Spadea (born July 19, 1974) is a former professional tennis player from the United States.

He reached a career high tenth position in the ATP Champions Race in April 2003, as well as a career-high 18th ATP ranking in February 2005. He has career prize money earnings of over $5,000,000. Spadea has ATP career singles wins over Roger Federer (1–2 record), Pete Sampras (1–4), Andre Agassi (2–4), Rafael Nadal (1–1), Andy Roddick (1–2), Pat Rafter, Richard Krajicek, Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Jim Courier, Michael Chang, Marat Safin, and Gustavo Kuerten. He is one of five players to defeat Federer 6–0 in a set at a main tour tournament, which he did at 1999 Monte Carlo. Spadea represented the United States at the 2000 and 2004 Olympics. Vince was also named twice to the US Davis Cup Team in 2000 (captain John McEnroe) and 2004 (captain Patrick McEnroe).

Spadea has one career ATP singles title and three ATP doubles titles. He also has eleven USTA Challenger Pro singles titles.
Attygalle
Attygalle (Sinhala: ආටිගල, romanized: Āṭigala) is a Sinhalese surname. Notable people bearing the surname include:

Athula Attygalle (born 1950), Sri Lankan scientist

C. E. Attygalle (1905–1980), Ceylonese politician

Dhanapala Attygalle, Sri Lankan politician

Dharmasena Attygalle (1925–1989), Sri Lankan politician

Don Charles Gemoris Attygalle (1836–1901), Ceylonese businessman

Francis Dixon Attygale (died 1906), murder victim - see Attygalle murder

John Attygalle (1906–1981), Ceylonese police officer

Nicholas Attygalle (1894–1970), Ceylonese academic

Sepala Attygalle (1921–2001), Ceylonese army officer

Nicholas Attygalle
Sir Nicholas Attygalle KBE FRCS FRCOG (14 July 1894 – 27 March 1970) was a Ceylonese academic, surgeon and a Senator. He was the President of the Senate of Ceylon from 1953 to 1960 and the first Ceylonese Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ceylon, where he was known as the "Iron Vice Chancellor".
Citroën Prototype C
The Citroën Prototype C was a range of prototype vehicles created by Citroën from 1955 to 1956 under the direction of André Lefèbvre. The idea was to produce a water-drop-shaped, very lightweight vehicle that would be more modern and smaller than the 2CV. One of the prototypes, the Citroën C10, has survived and is still owned by Citroën.

The overall look of the vehicle was quite similar to the Messerschmitt KR175 bubble car. It was equipped with the same 425 cc engine as the 2CV.

The vehicle was nicknamed the Citroën Coccinelle (French for ladybug).

Messerschmitt KR175
The Messerschmitt KR175 microcar (1953–1955) was the first vehicle built by Messerschmitt under its 1952 agreement with Fritz Fend. In concept, although not in actual design, it was, in principle, a development of the Fend Flitzer invalid carriage. Approximately 15,000 were built before it was replaced by the Messerschmitt KR200 in 1955.
Jeevan
Jeevan is an Indian sub-continent first name meaning "life" or "bringer of life," which may be used by males or females. The name originates from the Sanskrit language but is more often used as a Nepalese language name, a Sikh or a Hindu name. Alternative spellings are Geevan, Gevan, Jiivan, Jeevan Prabhat Jaivan, Givan, Jevan, Jamaliya, Jamal, Jivanshi or Jivan.

Jeevan Prabhat
Jeevan Prabhat (Dawn Of Life) is a 1937 Hindi film social drama, produced by Bombay Talkies and directed by Franz Osten. The music director was Saraswati Devi with lyrics and dialogues by J. S. Casshyap. The screenplay was by Niranjan Pal. The film's "star value" was Devika Rani, with Kishore Sahu making his debut as an actor in the film. The cast included another debutant, Renuka Devi, with Mumtaz Ali, Maya Devi and M. Nazir.

The film deals with the social evils of the caste system, and remarriage. Uma is sent back to her father's home after her husband remarries, as she is unable to bear children. Her renewed friendship with a childhood friend, Ramu, a Harijan, brings censure and misunderstanding from her husband and society.
Maireana platycarpa
Maireana platycarpa, commonly known as shy bluebush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae, and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a brittle, much-branched shrub with woolly branches, linear to almost terete or boat-shaped leaves, bisexual, woolly flowers arranged singly, and a pale golden fruiting perianth with a thin, woolly horizontal wing.

Monoicy
Monoicy is a sexual system in haploid plants (mainly bryophytes) where both sperm and eggs are produced on the same gametophyte, in contrast with dioicy, where each gametophyte produces only sperm or eggs but never both. Both monoicous and dioicous gametophytes produce gametes in gametangia by mitosis rather than meiosis, so that sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte.

It has been suggested that monoicy may have benefits in dry habitats where the ability to produce sporophytes is limited due to lack of water.: 292

Monoicy is similar to, and often conflated with, monoecy, which applies to seed plants (spermatophytes) and refers to separate male and female cones or flowers on the same plant.
Fleming (crater)
Fleming is a large lunar impact crater that is located on the Moon's far side, and cannot be seen from the Earth. It lies about a crater diameter to the east-northeast of Hertz, and to the northwest of Lobachevskiy.

The low rim of this formation is heavily eroded and overlaid by multiple smaller craters. The most notable of these is Fleming along the southern rim, while another, only slightly smaller crater cuts across the lower eastern rim. The interior floor is also marked by a number of small impacts and a few ghost-crater rims.

The crater was named after Alexander and Williamina Fleming. Prior to naming in 1970 by the IAU, this crater was known as Crater 203.

Fleming is one of the largest craters of Nectarian age.

Palimpsest
In textual studies, a palimpsest (/ˈpælɪmpsɛst/) is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off in preparation for reuse in the form of another document. Parchment was made of lamb, calf, or goat skin and was expensive and not readily available, so, in the interest of economy, a page was often re-used by scraping off the previous writing. In colloquial usage, the term palimpsest is also used in architecture, archaeology and geomorphology to denote an object made or worked upon for one purpose and later reused for another; for example, a monumental brass on which the blank reverse side has been re-engraved.
Project Q Baby
Project Q Baby (Chinese: Q城宝贝) is a 2005 Chinese animated series directed by Jia Aihua and aired on the Shenzhen TV Children's Channel on January 1, 2006. Focusing on education and popular science, Project Q Baby revolves around the stories of three little pigs in the "Love Manor" (爱心庄园): Dudu Xiucai, Ku Gongzi, and Xiang Meiren. The series was originally planned to have 1,000 episodes, divided into 48 series. Creator Jia Aihua planned to complete the 1,000 episodes over three years, and the blueprint included a total of 168 characters. 62 episodes, totaling 1,116 minutes, have been produced and released. The animation was produced using Flash technology.

Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a mostly discontinued multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich internet applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players.
Al Rahbi Park
Al Rahbi Park (Arabic: حديقة الرحبي) is a park located in the Adhamiyah district of Baghdad, Iraq. The park is known for containing the tomb of the famous Muslim scholar, Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (839–923 CE), the author of the Tarikh al-Tabari historical chronicle and the famed Tafsir al-Tabari exegesis of the Qur'an.

Tafsir al-Tabari
Jāmiʿ al-bayān ʿan taʾwīl āy al-Qurʾān (Arabic: جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن, lit. 'Collection of Statements on the Interpretation of the Verses of the Qur'an', also written with fī in place of ʿan), popularly Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī (Arabic: تفسير الطبري), is a Sunni tafsir by the Persian scholar Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923). It immediately won high regard and has retained its importance for scholars to the present day. It is the earliest major running commentary of the Quran to have survived in its original form. Like his history, al-Tabari's tafsir is notable for its comprehensiveness and citation of multiple, often conflicting sources.  The book was translated into Persian by a group of scholars from Transoxania on commission of the Samanid king, Mansur I (961–976).