hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dilution of precision
Dilution of precision (DOP), or geometric dilution of precision (GDOP), is a term used in satellite navigation and geomatics engineering to specify the error propagation as a mathematical effect of navigation satellite geometry on positional measurement precision.

Geomatics
Geomatics is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as the "discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, presentation of geographic data or geographic information". Under another definition, it consists of products, services and tools involved in the collection, integration and management of geographic (geospatial) data. Surveying engineering was the common name used for geomatics engineering in the past. The term was placed by the UNESCO Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems under the branch of technical geography, which is geared towards interpreting and communicating spatial data. In Germany, "geodesy and geoinformatics" or "geodesy and geoinformation" is commonly used for describing this discipline. In addition, geospatial engineering is an alternative term to geomatic(s) engineering.
Archalla
Archalla (Greek: Άρχαλλα) was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited during Roman times.

Its site is tentatively located near Erkilet(Under Kocasinan), Asiatic Turkey. Although only attested in ancient times, it was presumably inhabited continuously through Byzantine times and into the present day, since its name is preserved in the current name Erkilet. The façade of the extant Mehmed Paşa Camii mosque in Erkilet is built partly using ancient remains as spolia.

Spolia
Spolia (Latin for 'spoils'; sg.: spolium) are stones taken from an old structure and repurposed for new construction or decorative purposes. It is the result of an ancient and widespread practice (spoliation) whereby stone that has been quarried, cut and used in a built structure is carried away to be used elsewhere. The practice is of particular interest to historians, archaeologists and architectural historians since the gravestones, monuments and architectural fragments of antiquity are frequently found embedded in structures built centuries or millennia later. The archaeologist Philip A. Barker gives the example of a late Roman period (probably 1st-century) tombstone from Wroxeter that could be seen to have been cut down and undergone weathering while it was in use as part of an exterior wall and, possibly as late as the 5th century, reinscribed for reuse as a tombstone.
Renate Oberhofer
Renate Oberhofer (born 4 February 1970) is a retired Italian alpine skier.

She competed at the 1987, 1988 and 1989 Junior World Championships, managing the gold medal in slalom in 1988.

In the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup she finished in the top 20 several times in 1991, 1992 and 1993.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Kalippattam
Kalippattam (transl. Toy) is a 1993 Indian Malayalam-language film written and directed by Venu Nagavalli and starring Mohanlal, Urvashi, Thilakan, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Jagathy and Nedumudi Venu. Mohanlal also sang a song ("Vazhiyoram") with Chithra for the film. The story is about the love between a violinist played by Mohanlal and a terminally ill (with aplastic anaemia) girl played by Urvashi. The music and background score were composed by Raveendran.

Kaviyoor Ponnamma
Kaviyoor Ponnamma (10 September 1945 – 20 September 2024) was an Indian actress who appeared in Malayalam films and television. Ponnamma had acted in around 700 movies in her career spanning more than six decades. She began her career performing in theatre dramas before foraying into cinema. She also acted in TV serials and commercials and had playback singing credits in few films.

Ponnamma was a four-time Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actress winner. Her sister Kaviyoor Renuka was also an actress. Often called as the "mother to all actors", she acted as mother of almost all actors in her career spanning over decades. At the age of 20, she played the mother of older actors Sathyan and Madhu in Thommente Makkal (1965). She particularly gained critical acclaim for acting as the mother of Mohanlal.
Charles Upfold
Charles Upfold (15 December 1834 – 14 March 1919), Justice of the Peace, was an English soap manufacturer in Australia. He was also a Director of Aberdare Collieries Co. Ltd., and the Chairman of the board of management for its railways.

Finchley
Finchley (/ˈfɪntʃli/) is a large district of north London, England, in the London Borough of Barnet. 7 mi (11 km) north of Charing Cross, nearby districts include: Golders Green, Muswell Hill, Friern Barnet, Whetstone, Mill Hill and Hendon.

It is predominantly a residential suburb, with three town centres: North Finchley, East Finchley and Finchley Church End (Finchley Central). Made up of four wards, the population of Finchley was 65,812 as of 2011.
Beat the System (album)
Beat the System is the seventh studio album of the Christian rock band Petra. It was released in late 1984.

It is the first album to feature John Lawry on keyboards, though he joined towards the end of the recording process. Lawry's contributions were limited to overdubs on the songs "Beat the System", "Clean" and "Adonai", producer Jonathan David Brown has said. Most of the keyboards on the album, as well as all the bass and drum parts, were performed by session musician Carl Marsh; Petra members Mark Kelly (bass) and Louie Weaver (drums) did not perform on the album. Fairlight programmer Rhett Lawrence added some elements to "Clean" and "Hollow Eyes". Carl Marsh's programming, under the direction of producer Jonathan David Brown, veered the sound of the album more in the synth-rock genre of music. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Gospel Performance by a Duo or Group in 1986.

Grammy Award for Best Gospel Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group, Choir or Chorus
The Grammy Award for Best Gospel Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group, Choir or Chorus was awarded from 1984 to 1990.  The award was originally titled Best Gospel Performance by a Duo or Group.  This was changed to Best Gospel Performance by a Duo or Group, Choir or Chorus in 1986 and "Vocal" was added in 1990.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.
Wild Horses (play)
Wild Horses is a 1952 stage farce by the British writer Ben Travers. It was first performed at the Manchester Opera House in August 1952 before moving on to the Aldwych Theatre in the West End, lasting for 179 performances between November 1952 and April 1953. The plot revolves around the sale of a valuable painting. It starred Robertson Hare and Ralph Lynn who had previously appeared together in the Aldwych farces, written by Travers in the 1920s and 1930s. Other members of the cast included Robin Hunter, Cyril Smith, Colin Douglas, Frank Thornton, Joan Haythorne and Ruth Maitland.

Manchester Opera House
The Opera House in Quay Street, Manchester, England, is a 1,920-seater commercial touring theatre that plays host to touring musicals, ballet, concerts and a Christmas pantomime. It is a Grade II listed building and one of the main theatres in Manchester. The Opera House and its sister theatre the Palace Theatre on Oxford Street are operated by the same parent company, Ambassador Theatre Group.
Some Kind of Fairy Tale
Some Kind of Fairy Tale is a 2012 novel by the British author Graham Joyce. A work of speculative fiction, it won the British Fantasy Society's Fantasy Novel of the Year award (the Robert Holdstock Award) in 2013, and was nominated for the 2013 August Derleth Award for best Horror Novel, and the 2013 World Fantasy Award for best Novel.

A limited 1,500 copy first edition of the book was published in June 2012. It was signed by Joyce, and included one of his short stories, "The Oversoul", first published in 2008. Some Kind of Fairy Tale was later translated into French by Louise Malagoli and published as Comme un conte in France in February 2015.

British Fantasy Society
The British Fantasy Society (BFS) was founded in 1971 as the British Weird Fantasy Society, an offshoot of the British Science Fiction Association. The society is dedicated to promoting the best in the fantasy, science fiction and horror genres.

In 2000, the BFS won the Special Award: Non-Professional at the World Fantasy Awards.  The society also has its own awards, the annual British Fantasy Awards, created in 1971 at the suggestion of its then-president, Ramsey Campbell.

It held its first Fantasycon, a long-standing speculative fiction convention, in 1975. The 2025 Fantasycon merged with World Fantasy Convention in Brighton.

The British Fantasy Society has no direct connection with the earlier science fiction group using the same name from 1942 to 1946.
Ovide Alakannuark
Ovide Alakannuark (December 25, 1938 – October 7, 2019) was a Canadian territorial level politician from Pelly Bay, Northwest Territories (now Kugaaruk, Nunavut). He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut from 1999 until 2004.

Alakannuark was elected in the 1999 Nunavut general election. He defeated candidate Steve Mapsalak by just 25 votes to win the Akulliq electoral district. He only served a single term in the Legislature deciding not to run for re-election when it was dissolved in 2004.

He attempted a return to politics running in rerun for the Akulliq district finishing a distant third on March 2, 2009. The two front runners Steve Mapsalak and John Ningark had also served as MLAs in the Nunavut Legislature. He died on October 7, 2019, at the age of 80.

1999 Nunavut general election
The 1999 Nunavut general election was the first general election in the territory and was held on February 15, 1999, to elect the members of the 1st Legislative Assembly of Nunavut.

Although Nunavut did not become a territory until April 1, 1999 the election was held early to enable the members to assume their duties on that date.

The territory operates on a consensus government system with no political parties; the premier is subsequently chosen by and from the MLAs.

Paul Okalik was chosen to be Premier of Nunavut.
Rita De Bont
Rita De Bont (born 29 July 1954 in Vilvoorde, Belgium) is a Belgian politician of the Vlaams Belang (a party of the far right that advocates Flemish independence).  She was a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 2007 to 2014, representing Antwerp.

Vilvoorde
Vilvoorde (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɪlvoːrdə] ⓘ; West Flemish: Vilvôorde; French: Vilvorde [vilvɔʁd]; historically known as Filford in English) is a municipality and city in the Halle-Vilvoorde district (arrondissement) of the province of Flemish Brabant, Belgium. The municipality comprises the city of Vilvoorde proper with its two outlying quarters of Koningslo and Houtem and the small town of Peutie.

The official language of Vilvoorde is Dutch, as in the rest of Flanders. There is a French-speaking minority of about 33.7%, concentrated especially in the Koningslo and Beauval quarters, bordering the Neder-Over-Heembeek neighbourhood of Brussels. The French-speaking minority is represented by 3 members on the 33-seat local council.

From 2000 until August 1, 2007, the mayor of Vilvoorde was former Belgian prime minister Jean-Luc Dehaene. The mayor from 2013 to 2024 was Hans Bonte, also a member of the Federal House of Representatives.
Mosannona garwoodiae
Mosannona garwoodiae (syn. Mosannona garwoodii, orth. var.) is a rainforest tree endemic to Panama and belonging to the custard-apple family Annonaceae. The laurel-like leaves have a unique color, the underside being described as "sky blue". The flowers have about twenty carpels each developing into a separate berry. The species was discovered circa 2010 on Barro Colorado Island by Dr. Nancy Garwood.

Barro Colorado Island
Barro Colorado Island is located in the man-made Gatun Lake in the middle of the Panama Canal. The island was formed when the waters of the Chagres River were dammed to form the lake in 1913.  When the waters rose, they covered a significant part of the existing tropical forest, but certain hilltops remained as islands in the middle of the lake. It has an area of 15.6 km2 (6.0 sq mi).
Potrerillos, Chiriquí
Potrerillos is a corregimiento in Dolega District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 55.4 square kilometres (21.4 sq mi) and had a population of 1,562 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 28.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (73/sq mi). Its population as of 1990 was 1,157; its population as of 2000 was 1,378.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
Piano Concerto No. 3 (Saint-Saëns)
The Piano Concerto No. 3 in E-flat major, Op. 29 by Camille Saint-Saëns, was composed in 1869. The concerto is written in 3 movements. When the concerto was first performed by Saint-Saëns himself at the Leipzig Gewandhaus on 27 November 1869 it was not well received, possibly because of its harmonic experimentation. It is not as often performed as his famous second concerto or the fourth or fifth concertos, but it is still an important addition to the piano concerto repertoire.  It was dedicated to Élie-Miriam Delaborde, a pianist who is believed to have been the natural son of Charles-Valentin Alkan.

Gewandhaus
Gewandhaus (German: [ɡəˈvanthaʊs] ⓘ) is a concert hall in Leipzig, the home of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. Today's hall is the third to bear this name; like the second, it is noted for its fine acoustics.
Adashev
Adashev (Russian: Ада́шев; masculine) or Adasheva (Ада́шева; feminine) is a Russian last name.

There are three theories regarding the origins of this last name. The most plausible one relates it to a Turkic word adaš, meaning namesake, comrade, friend. It is also possible that this last name derives from nickname "Адаш" (Adash), itself derived from a Vologda and Yaroslavl dialectal word "адать" (adat), meaning to cry, to yell. Finally, it could have developed from the diminutive forms of the Christian first names Adrian and Adam.

People with the last name

Alexey Adashev, friend of Tsar Ivan the Terrible involved in the creation of the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible

Rajab Adashev, who starred in Abdullajon, a 1991 Uzbek science fiction comedy

Zarrukh Adashev, Uzbek mixed martial artist

Aleksey Adashev
Aleksey Fyodorovich Adashev (Russian: Адашев, Алексей Фёдорович, died 1561) was a Russian statesman, okolnichy, postelnichy, voivode of Livonia. He was a confidant of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, but fell out of favor and was imprisoned in Yuryev (now Tartu) in 1560, where he died.
Independiente de Villa Obrera
Independiente de Villa Obrera is a football team from San Juan, Argentina.

Independiente used to play in the Torneo Argentino A (the third division of the Argentine football league system) although the team was relegated in 2002–03 after losing a play-off with Gimnasia y Esgrima de Mendoza.

Independiente de Oberá currently plays in the Liga Sanjuanina de fútbol.

San Juan, Argentina
San Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan]) is the capital and largest city of the Argentine province of San Juan in the Cuyo region, located in the Tulúm Valley, west of the San Juan River, at 650 m (2,133 ft) above mean sea level, with a population of around 112,000 as per the 2001 census [INDEC] (over 500,000 in the metropolitan area).

It is a modern city with wide streets and well-drawn avenues, with wide sidewalks and vegetation of different species of trees irrigated by canals, from which it derives its nickname oasis town.

It has an important accommodation infrastructure and transportation. Its highlights include modern buildings and the surroundings, the reservoir and Ullum dam, spas, museums, large plantations of vines, and various types of agriculture, with wine being the most important.
The Year's Best Science Fiction: Thirty-First Annual Collection
The Year's Best Science Fiction: Thirty-First Annual Collection is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Gardner Dozois, the thirty-first volume in series. It was first published in hardcover, trade paperback and ebook by St. Martin's Press in July 2014, with an edition available from the Science Fiction Book Club issued in the same month. The first British edition was published in trade paperback by Robinson in November 2014, under the alternate title The Mammoth Book of Best New SF 27.

Ian R. MacLeod
Ian Roderick MacLeod (born 6 August 1956) is a British science fiction and fantasy writer.

He was born in Solihull near Birmingham. He studied law and worked as a civil servant before going freelance in early 1990s soon after he started publishing stories, attracting critical praise and awards.
John A. Dawson (Canadian politician)
John A. Dawson (1826 – October 31, 1902) was a Canadian politician, merchant and taxidermist.

Dawson was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia. He was concurrently elected to the House of Commons of Canada with James William Carmichael in 1874 as a member of the Liberal Party to represent the riding of Pictou. He lost in the elections of 1878 and 1882.

Pictou (federal electoral district)
Pictou was a federal electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968. It was created in the British North America Act 1867. It consisted of the County of Pictou. It was abolished in 1966 when it was merged into the riding of Central Nova. It returned two members from 1872 to 1903.
2013 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 2013 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships was the 48th NCAA Men's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships and the 31st NCAA Women's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships, held at the Randal Tyson Track Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas near the campus of the host school, University of Arkansas. In total, thirty-two different men's and women's indoor track and field events were contested from March 8 to March 9, 2013.

Fayetteville, Arkansas
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil) is a city in Washington County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. The population was 93,949 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 103,134 in 2024, making it the second-most populous city in Arkansas and the most populous city in Northwest Arkansas. Fayetteville is on the outskirts of the Boston Mountains, within the Ozarks. It is included in the three-county Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area, with 546,725 residents in 2020.

Fayetteville was named after Fayetteville, Tennessee, from which many settlers had come, and was incorporated on November 3, 1836. It is home to the University of Arkansas, the state's flagship university.  When classes are in session, thousands of students on campus change up the pace of the city. Thousands of Arkansas Razorbacks alumni and fans travel to Fayetteville to attend football, basketball, and baseball games.
Kaihoata River
The Kaihoata River, formerly known as the Kaiwhata River, is a river of the southern North Island of New Zealand. It rises in rough hill country to the southeast of Masterton, flowing southeast to reach the Pacific Ocean 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Riversdale Beach. On 7 March 2023, the name of the river was officially altered from Kaiwhata to Kaihoata, following the enactment of the Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa Tāmaki nui-a-Rua Claims Settlement Act 2022.

Masterton
Masterton (Māori: Whakaoriori) is a large town in the Greater Wellington Region of New Zealand that operates as the seat of the Masterton District (a territorial authority or local-government district). It is the largest town in the Wairarapa, a region separated from Wellington by the Remutaka ranges. It stands on the Waipoua stream between the Ruamāhunga and Waingawa Rivers – 100 kilometres north-east of Wellington and 40 kilometres south of Eketāhuna.

Masterton has an urban population of 22,600, and a district population of 28,900 (June 2025).

Masterton businesses includes services for surrounding farmers. Three new industrial parks are being developed in Waingawa, Solway and Upper Plain. The town functions as the headquarters of the annual Golden Shears sheep-shearing competition.
Gruda, Bartoszyce County
Gruda [ˈɡruda] (German: Louisenruh) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Bartoszyce
Gmina Bartoszyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the town of Bartoszyce, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 427.82 square kilometres (165.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,769.
Rationalist community
The rationalist community is a 21st-century movement that formed around a group of internet blogs, primarily LessWrong and Astral Codex Ten (formerly known as Slate Star Codex).
The movement initially gained prominence in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Its members seek to use rationality to avoid cognitive biases.
Common interests include probability, effective altruism, transhumanism, and mitigating existential risk from artificial general intelligence.

The borders of the rationalist community are blurry and subject to debate among the community and adjacent groups. Members who diverge from typical rationalist beliefs often self-describe as "rationalist-adjacent", "post-rationalist" (also known as "ingroup" and "TPOT", an acronym for "this part of Twitter") or "EA-adjacent".

Eliezer Yudkowsky
Eliezer Shlomo Yudkowsky (/ˌɛliˈɛzər jʊdˈkaʊski/ EL-ee-EH-zər yuud-KOW-skee; born September 11, 1979) is an American artificial intelligence researcher and writer on decision theory and ethics, known for popularizing ideas related to friendly artificial intelligence. He is the founder of and a research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute (MIRI), a private research nonprofit based in Berkeley, California. His work on the prospect of a runaway intelligence explosion influenced philosopher Nick Bostrom's 2014 book Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies. He is best known for If Anyone Builds It, Everyone Dies: Why Superhuman AI Would Kill Us All, a New York Times Best Seller he co-authored with Nate Soares, as well as the Harry Potter fanfiction Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality.