hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sergei Shamba
Sergei Shamba (Abkhaz: Сергеи Шамба, Georgian: სერგეი შამბა) is a politician from Abkhazia. He is currently a member of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia and Chairman of United Abkhazia. He was Prime Minister of Abkhazia under President Sergei Bagapsh from 13 February 2010 until 27 September 2011. Between 1997 and 2010 he had been Minister for Foreign Affairs under both Bagapsh and his predecessor Vladislav Ardzinba, with only a half-year interruption in 2004. Shamba has twice unsuccessfully contested the presidential elections, in 2004 and 2011. He has been a staunch proponent for dialogue between Abkhazia and Georgia.

People's Assembly of Abkhazia
The People's Assembly – Parliament of the Republic of Abkhazia (Abkhaz: Аԥсны Жәлар Реизара – Апарламент, romanized: Apsny Žwlar Reizara – Aparlament, Georgian: აფხაზეთის ე.წ რესპუბლიკის სახალხო კრება, romanized: apkhazetis e.ts' resp'ublik'is sakhalkho k'reba, Russian: Народное Собрание – Парламент Республики Абхазия, romanized: Narodnoye Sobraniye – Parlament Respubliki Abkhaziya) is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Abkhazia.
Trevor Nicholas
Trevor John Nicholas (7 January 1894 — 14 March 1979) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Born in Sudbrook, Nicholas was a wing three-quarter and didn't start playing rugby until his time serving in the Army. He was recruited by Cardiff and had appeared only twice for the club when he featured for the national team in 1919, playing a match against the New Zealand Army team, for which Wales awarded caps. After getting married later that season, Nicholas retired from first class rugby.

Sudbrook, Monmouthshire
Sudbrook is a village in Monmouthshire, south east Wales.  It is located 4 miles south west of Chepstow and 1 mile east of Caldicot. It lies close to the Second Severn Crossing on the Severn Estuary, and adjoins the village of Portskewett.  It was largely built in the late 19th century for workers on the Severn railway tunnel.  At that time it was also known as Southbrook.
Vesyoloyarsk
Vesyoloyarsk (Russian: Весёлоярск) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Vesyoloyarsky Selsoviet, Rubtsovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 4,940 as of 2013. There are 26 streets. It is located by the adjacent to the Kazakhstan–Russia border.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Contrary Magazine
Contrary Magazine is a quarterly literary journal that publishes commentary, fiction and poetry, and that specializes in work "that combines the virtues of those categories." Founded at the University of Chicago as the Journal of Unpopular Discontent, Contrary began operating independently on the South Side of Chicago in 2003. It features new voices beside established writers, and has published such writers as Ben Maddow, Sherman Alexie, Literary Review founder Walter Cummins, the columnist Heywood Broun and the literary fiction writer Andrew Coburn.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Chase Cobblestone Farmhouse
Chase Cobblestone Farmhouse, also known as the Chase-Flack Farmhouse, is a historic home located at the Village of Hilton in Monroe County, New York, United States. It is a vernacular Greek Revival style cobblestone farmhouse built about 1836. It is constructed of rather small sized field cobbles and is one of ten surviving cobblestone buildings in the Town of Parma.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Monroe County, New York
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of New York, located along Lake Ontario's southern shore. As of 2022, the population was 752,035, according to Census Bureau estimates. Its county seat and largest city is Rochester. The county is named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Monroe County is part of the upstate Rochester, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.
German submarine U-3505
German submarine U-3505 was a Type XXI submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The U-boat was laid down on 9 July 1944 at the Schichau-Werke yard at Danzig, launched on 25 August 1944, and commissioned on 7 October 1944 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Horst Willner.

Horst Willner
Horst Willner (13 October 1919 – 19 July 1999) was a German U-boat commander during the Second World War. Willner was a recipient of the Iron Cross 1st Class of Nazi Germany. He did not set out on patrols with his crews, but he did participate in the rescue of refugees from East Prussia ahead of the advancing Red Army. Post-war, Willner studied law and became President of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce.
Dålk Glacier
Dålk Glacier (69°26′S 76°27′E﻿ / ﻿69.433°S 76.450°E﻿ / -69.433; 76.450) is a glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, draining into the southeast part of Prydz Bay between the Larsemann Hills and Steinnes. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37), and named by John H. Roscoe in his 1952 study of features in the area as identified in air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47). It was named after Dålk Island lying at the terminus of the glacier.

Steinnes
Steinnes (69°22′S 76°34′E﻿ / ﻿69.367°S 76.567°E﻿ / -69.367; 76.567) is a rock point on the southeast shore of Prydz Bay, about 4 nautical miles (7 km) east-northeast of Larsemann Hills. First mapped from air photographs by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936) and named Steinnes (stone point).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Steinnes". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Carl Reichenbach
Karl Ludwig Freiherr von Reichenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈkaʁl ˈluːtvɪç ˈfʁaɪhɛʁ fɔn ˈʁaɪçn̩bax]; February 12, 1788 – January 19, 1869), known as Carl Reichenbach, was a German chemist, geologist, metallurgist, naturalist, industrialist and philosopher, and a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. He is best known for his discoveries of several chemical products of economic importance, extracted from tar, such as eupione, waxy paraffin, pittacal (the first synthetic dye) and phenol (an antiseptic). He also dedicated his last years to researching an unproved field of energy combining electricity, magnetism and heat, emanating from all living things, which he called the Odic force.

Prussian Academy of Sciences
The Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences  (German: Königlich-Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften) was an academy established in Berlin, Germany on 11 July 1700, four years after the Prussian Academy of Arts, or "Arts Academy," to which "Berlin Academy" may also refer.  In the 18th century, when French was the language of science and culture, it was a French-language institution.
Deris (Thrace)
Deris (Ancient Greek: Δέρις or Δερίς) was an ancient Greek city located in ancient Thrace, located in the region of the Thracian Chersonesus. It is cited in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, which mentions that it was an Emporium and was located between the river Melas, which flows into the Gulf of Melas, and Cardia. It has been suggested that it would be the same as a city called Deiraeus or Deiraios (Δειραῖος), cited by Stephanus of Byzantium and appearing in an inscription according to which it belonged to the Delian League.

Its site is tentatively located near Kocaçesme, Turkey.

Emporium (antiquity)
An emporium refers to a trading post, factory, or market of classical antiquity, derived from ἐμπόριον empórion, which becomes emporium in Latin. The plural is emporia in both languages, although in Greek the plural undergoes a semantic shift towards 'merchandise'. Emporium is a term that has also been used to describe the centres of heightened trade during the Early Middle Ages.

Emporia varied greatly in their level of activity. Some seem to have functioned much like the permanent European trading colonies in China, India and Japan in the early modern period or those of the mediaeval Italian maritime republics in the Levant. Others were probably annual events for a few days or weeks like the medieval Champagne fairs or modern trade fairs.
Clair de lune (poem)
"Clair de lune" (French for "moonlight") is a poem written by French poet Paul Verlaine in 1869. It is the inspiration for the third and most famous movement of Claude Debussy's 1890 Suite bergamasque. Debussy also made two settings of the poem for voice and piano accompaniment. The poem has also been set to music by Gabriel Fauré, Louis Vierne, Sigfrid Karg-Elert, Josef Szulc, and Alphons Diepenbrock.

Louis Vierne
Louis Victor Jules Vierne (8 October 1870 – 2 June 1937) was a French organist and composer. He was the organist of Notre-Dame de Paris from 1900 until his death. As a composer, much of his output was organ music, including six symphonies and four suites, and works for choir and organ, including a Messe solennelle for choir and two organs. He toured Europe and the United States as a concert organist. His students included Nadia Boulanger and Maurice Duruflé.
Kondhur
Kondhur is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Mumbai City district
Mumbai City district is a district of Maharashtra in Konkan Division, India. As a city district, it has no headquarters or subdivisions. It, along with the Mumbai Suburban District, makes up the metropolis of Mumbai. This area is called the "Island City" or South Mumbai or Old Mumbai. It occupies the southern tip of Salsette Island and extends from Colaba in the south to Mahim and Sion in the north. The city has an area of 157 km2 (61 sq mi) and a population of 3,085,411.
Independent Permanent Human Rights Commission
The Independent Permanent Human Rights Commission (IPHRC; Arabic: الهيئة الدائمة المستقلة لحقوق الإنسان; French: Commission permanente indépendante des droits de l'homme) is a human rights agency and one of the principal organs of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation advocating for human rights within the scope of its 57 member states. It takes activities as an independent commission of the OIC and also advises its policymaking bodies and decision-making authority within the framework of human rights and fundamental rights.

The IPHRC serves for member and non-member states on the existing human rights mechanism under the international standards outlined for independence and professionalism as per its mandate granted by the OIC's charter in various sessions first session being held between 7 and 8 December 2005 in the 3rd Extraordinary Islamic Summit hosted by Saudi Arabia – Mecca.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Sallent
Sallent de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [səˈʎen də ʎuβɾəˈɣat]) or Sallent is a municipality in the comarca of Bages, Province of Barcelona, in the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, Spain. The river Llobregat divides the municipality into two halves. Its main resources are mining and industry. It was the birthplace of Saint Anthony Mary Claret (1807–1870) and goalkeeper Joan García (2001).

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Charles Hayes (mathematician)
Charles Hayes (1678–1760) was an English mathematician, chronologist and slave trader who wrote a book on the method of fluxions. He also served as an official of the Royal African Company, which engaged in the Atlantic slave trade.

Method of Fluxions
Method of Fluxions (Latin: De Methodis Serierum et Fluxionum) is a mathematical treatise by Sir Isaac Newton which served as the earliest written formulation of modern calculus. The book was completed in 1671 and posthumously published in 1736.
Ali H. Nayfeh
Ali Hasan Nayfeh (Arabic: علي نايفة) (21 December 1933 – 27 March 2017) was a Palestinian-Jordanian mathematician, mechanical engineer and physicist. He is regarded as the most influential scholar and scientist in the area of applied nonlinear dynamics in mechanics and engineering. He was the inaugural winner of the Thomas K. Caughey Dynamics Award, and was awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal in mechanical engineering. His pioneering work in nonlinear dynamics has been influential in the construction and maintenance of machines and structures that are common in daily life, such as ships, cranes, bridges, buildings, skyscrapers, jet engines, rocket engines, aircraft and spacecraft.

Structure
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Physical structures include artifacts and objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
Cry Just a Little (E. G. Daily song)
"Cry Just a Little" is a song recorded by American singer E. G. Daily for her second studio album Lace Around the Wound, released on A&M records in 1989. Written and produced by Lotti Golden and Tommy Faragher, the song takes Daily in a roots rock/country direction, showcasing her soulful, raspy vocal stylings with an R&B edge." "This is not your average, radio-ready, girl-pop."

"Cry Just a Little" was covered by Celine Dion and produced by Rick Wake for her 1992 eponymous album. The song was not added to the final track listing, but appeared on the B-side of Dion's 1992 single, "Love Can Move Mountains".

Ric Wake
Ric Wake is an English-American record producer. During his tenure as staff producer with Sony Music Entertainment, he has worked with vocalists such as Celine Dion, Whitney Houston, Lucero, CoCo Lee, Taylor Dayne, Mariah Carey, Thalía, Jessica Simpson, Anastacia, Barry Manilow, Marc Anthony and Jennifer Lopez. He has worked with Greek composer Yanni to help produce Yanni Voices.
Bill Ritchie (politician)
William Samuel Ritchie (February 25, 1927 – February 7, 2014) was a Canadian businessman entrepreneur and politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1979 to 1986, as a Social Credit member for the constituency of Central Fraser Valley.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Ruth Fletcher
Ruth Fletcher was the third Principal of the Eva Rose York Bible Training and Technical School for Women in Tuni.  Ruth was the great granddaughter of A. V. Timpany, one of the pioneer missionaries of the Canadian Baptist Ministries.  Ruth's mother, Dorothy Timpany was a Medical Doctor at the Bethel Hospital, Vuyyuru.

Ruth studied at the Toronto Bible School between 1952-1953  and later pursued graduate studies at the McMaster University which awarded her a B.A.

Some of the correspondence of Ruth Fletcher is kept at Wheaton College, Illinois.

Tuni
Tuni is a City in Kakinada district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  It is the second biggest City in Kakinada district. Freedom fighter Alluri Sitaramaraju studied here. It is a major commercial marketing centre for more than 200+ surrounding villages in the district. Tuni is a border point for the district of Kakinada. It is known for mango production, with nearly 250 varieties being exported from the area. Tuni City is also known as "Mango City". Tuni is also famous for the production of betel leaves and jute bags. A variety of cashew nuts are also produced in Tuni.
Mubarak Ali
Mubarak Ali (Urdu: مُبارَک علی; born 21 April 1941) is a Pakistani historian, activist and scholar. His main theme, in most of his books, has been that some history books written in Pakistan had been 'dictated' by the ruling class (the so-called 'Establishment in Pakistan') and, in his view, those history books represent 'perversion of facts'. A Marxist, Mubarak Ali maintains that history books should be written from the perspective of masses, not of rulers.

Pakistan Academy of Letters
The Pakistan Academy of Letters (PAL) (Urdu:  اکادمیِ ادبیات پاکستان) is a national academy with its main focus on Pakistani literature and related fields. It is the largest and the most prestigious learned society of its kind in Pakistan, with activities throughout the nation. It was established in July 1976 by a group of renowned Pakistani writers, poets, essayists, playwrights, and translators, inspired by the Académie Française.
Triolena
Triolena is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melastomataceae. They are found in southern Mexico southward to Bolivia. As of 1991 there were 20 to 25 species.

Species include:

Triolena allardii (Wurdack) Wurdack

Triolena amazonica (Pilg.) Wurdack

Triolena asplundii Wurdack

Triolena barbeyana Cogn.

Triolena calciphila (Standl. & Steyerm.) Standl. & L.O. Williams

Triolena campii (Wurdack) Wurdack

Triolena dressleri Wurdack

Triolena hirsuta (Benth.) Triana

Triolena hygrophylla (Naudin) L.O. Williams

Triolena izabalensis Standl. & Steyerm.

Triolena obliqua (Triana) Wurdack

Triolena paleolata Donn. Sm.

Triolena pedemontana Wurdack

Triolena pileoides (Triana) Wurdack

Triolena pluvialis (Wurdack) Wurdack

Triolena pumila Umaña & Almeda

Triolena pustulata Triana

Triolena scorpioides Naudin

Triolena spicata (Triana) L.O. Williams

Triolena stenophylla (Standl. & Steyerm.) Standl. & L.O. Williams

José Jerónimo Triana
José Jerónimo Triana Silva (May 22, 1828 in Bogotá – October 31, 1890 in Paris) was a Colombian botanist, explorer, and physician who cataloged over 60,000 specimens representing 8,000 species.

In 1851, he joined the Chorographic Commission as head of botany, which he served as until 1857. During this time he created an herbarium of over 2,200 herbal plants.

As a physician, he developed a line of pharmaceutical products marketed in France, among which are bandages to treat corns, powder toothpaste, and cough syrup. Like his father, Triana wrote several school books to learn to read and write that were used in schools in Colombia.

Triana died one day before the death of his daughter Liboria. After he died, his wife returned to Bogotá. She died in 1895.
Ramakrishna Mission Sevashrama
Ramakrishna Mission Sevashrama is a branch of Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission involved in providing humanitarian, healthcare, education and relief services to poor and needy through the universal principle of serving "God in man", based on the motto, Atmano Moksartham Jagat Hitaya Cha, which was propounded by Swami Vivekananda.

Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission (RKM) is a spiritual and philanthropic organisation headquartered in Belur Math, West Bengal. The mission is named after the Indian Hindu spiritual guru and mystic Ramakrishna. The mission was founded by Ramakrishna's chief disciple Swami Vivekananda on 1 May 1897.
The organisation mainly propagates the Hindu philosophy of Vedanta–Advaita Vedanta and four yogic ideals – Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Raja yoga. The mission bases its work on the principles of Karma yoga, the principle of selfless work done with a dedication to God.
52246 Donaldjohanson
52246 Donaldjohanson (provisional designation 1981 EQ5) is a carbonaceous asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers (5.0 miles) long and 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) at its widest point. It was discovered on 2 March 1981, by American astronomer Schelte Bus at the Siding Spring Observatory in Australia.

The C-type asteroid was the second target of the Lucy mission, with the spacecraft flying 960 km (600 mi) from the surface on 20 April 2025, revealing the asteroid to be a contact binary. It was named after American paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson, the discoverer of the "Lucy" hominid fossil.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.