hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cabinet of Nikola Gruevski IV
The fourth Cabinet of Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski is the Republic of Macedonia Government cabinet announced on 19 June 2014. It is the 11th cabinet of the Republic of Macedonia. Gruevski's second cabinet was formed following the April 2014 election won by the right-wing VMRO-DPMNE.

Parties included in the government:

Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity (VMRO-DPMNE)

Democratic Union for Integration (DUI/BDI)

United Party for Emancipation (OPE)

After the 2015 protests and according to the Przino Agreement, in November 2015 the two members of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (SDSM) were entered into the government.

Democratic Union for Integration
The Democratic Union for Integration (Macedonian: Демократска унија за интеграција, romanized: Demokratska unija za integracija, Albanian: Bashkimi Demokratik për Integrim) is the largest ethnic Albanian political party in North Macedonia and the third largest political party in the country. It was formed immediately after the country's 2001 armed conflict between the National Liberation Army and Macedonian security forces. NLA founder Ali Ahmeti has been the party's president ever since.
National Disaster Management Agency
The National Disaster Management Agency (Malay: Agensi Pengurusan Bencana Negara; Jawi: اڬنسي ڤڠوروسن بنچان نڬارا ‎; officially abbreviated as NADMA) is an emergency management agency of the Malaysian Government. It functioned as a coordinator for government agencies involved in disaster enforcement. NADMA is placed under the Prime Minister's Department of Malaysia, which allows it to coordinate emergency management efforts carried out by other agencies such as the Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM), Royal Malaysian Police, Malaysian Civil Defence Force (APM), Fire and Rescue Department, Malaysia Volunteers Corps Department (RELA) and the Social Welfare Department of Malaysia (JKM).

Malaysian Armed Forces
The Malaysian Armed Forces (Abbr.: MAF; Malay: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia; Jawi: اڠكتن تنترا مليسيا‎) are the armed forces of Malaysia, consists of three branches; the Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy and the Royal Malaysian Air Force. The number of MAF active personnel is 113,000 along with reserve forces at 51,600.

The Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong; the King of Malaysia.
Diaphragm (acoustics)
In the field of acoustics, a diaphragm is a transducer intended to inter-convert mechanical vibrations to sounds, or vice versa.  It is commonly constructed of a thin membrane or sheet of various materials, suspended at its edges.  The varying air pressure of sound waves imparts mechanical vibrations to the diaphragm which can then be converted to some other type of signal; examples of this type of diaphragm are found in microphones and the human eardrum.  Conversely a diaphragm vibrated by a source of energy beats against the air, creating sound waves.  Examples of this type of diaphragm are loudspeaker cones and earphone diaphragms and are found in air horns.

Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene.

Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat-resistant. It is a white, mechanically rugged material and has a high chemical resistance.

Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene).
1968 Summer Olympics torch relay
The 1968 Summer Olympics torch relay took part as part of the build-up to the 1968 Summer Olympics hosted in Mexico City, Mexico. The Olympic flame was lit in Olympia, Greece, and retraced the steps of Christopher Columbus, discoverer of the New World. This theme celebrated the link between Latin-American and Mediterranean civilizations.

At the end of the relay the Olympic cauldron was for the first time lit by a female athlete. Mexican hurdler Enriqueta Basilio was chosen to complete the final leg of the 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) running relay. The torch had covered a total distance of 13,620 kilometres (8,460 mi) including the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean.

While the relay was largely successful it was marred by problems when exchanging the flame from one torch to another. Runners in Barcelona and Medinaceli were burned by small explosions as a lit torch came into contact with an unlit one.

San Salvador Island
San Salvador Island, previously Watling's Island, is an island and district of the Bahamas, famed for being the probable location of Christopher Columbus's first landing of the Americas on 12 October 1492 during his first voyage. This historical importance, the island's tropical beaches, and its proximity to the United States have made tourism central to the local economy. The island has a population of 824 (2022) and is under the administration of Gilbert C. Kemp. Its largest settlement and seat of local government is Cockburn Town.
Martin Kirchner
Martin Kirchner (15 July 1854, in Spandau – 11 November 1925, in Berlin) was a German hygienist and bacteriologist, known for his work in the fight against tuberculosis.

He studied at the universities of Halle and Berlin, receiving his medical doctorate in 1878. From 1887 he worked as a physician under Robert Koch at the institute of hygiene in Berlin. In 1894 he obtained his habilitation for hygiene at the Technische Hochschule in Hannover, and in 1900 became an associate professor at the University of Berlin. From 1911 to 1919 he was head of the medical department at the Ministry of the Interior.

In 1904, with Ernst von Bergmann and Robert Kutner, he was co-founder of the Zeitschrift für ärztliche Fortbildung ("Journal of Medical Education").

Spandau
Spandau (German: [ˈʃpandaʊ] ⓘ) is the westernmost of the 12 boroughs (Bezirke) of Berlin, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and extending along the western bank of the Havel. It is the smallest borough by population, but the fourth largest by land area.
Kineshma Bridge
Kineshemsky Bridge (Russian: Кинешемский мост) is a bridge across the Volga River. It is located in Ivanovo Oblast, near Kineshma and Zavolzhsk. It is a part of Highway Kineshma-Kostroma. It connects the Trans-Volga region to the Zavolzhsky District, Ivanovo Oblast Pedestrians are prohibited from using the bridge. The total length of the bridge is 1.64 km (1 Mile).

Zavolzhsky District, Ivanovo Oblast
Zavolzhsky District (Russian: Заво́лжский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,140 square kilometers (440 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zavolzhsk. Population: 12,914 (2021 Census); 18,468 (2010 Census); 22,039 (2002 Census); 28,572 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zavolzhsk accounts for 68.9% of the district's total population.
3d Battalion, 23d Marines
3rd Battalion, 23rd Marine Regiment (3/23) is a reserve infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps located throughout the Southern United States consisting of approximately 800 Marines and Sailors.  The battalion was first formed in 1943 for service in the Central Pacific Area during World War II, taking part in a number of significant battles including those at Saipan and Iwo Jima before being deactivated at the end of the war. In the early 1960s, the unit was reactivated as a reserve battalion.  The battalion is headquartered in Saint Louis, Missouri, with outlying units throughout the Southern United States. 3/23 falls under the command of the 23rd Marine Regiment and the 4th Marine Division.  Recent operations have included tours in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Pacific Ocean Areas
Pacific Ocean Areas (POA) was a major Allied military command in the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II. It was one of four major Allied commands during the Pacific War and one of three United States commands in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater. Admiral Chester W. Nimitz of the U.S. Navy, Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet, headed the command throughout its existence.

The vast majority of Allied forces in the theatre were from the U.S. Navy, U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps. However units and/or personnel from New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Fiji and other countries also saw active service.
Schill
Schill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

a nickname for Curt Schilling (b. 1966), American baseball player

Eleanor Schill (1904–2005), one of the first female medical doctors in England

Ferdinand von Schill (1776–1809), Prussian soldier

Kurt Schill (1911–1944), German communist and a resistance fighter

Lambert Schill (1888–1976), German politician

Michael H. Schill (b. 1958), American university president

Otto Schill (1838–1918), German jurist

Rachel Schill (b. 1982), Canadian softball player

Ronald Schill (b. 1958), German ex-politician, retired judge

Michael Schill
Michael Harry Schill (born September 30, 1958) is an American legal scholar and university administrator who was the 17th president of Northwestern University from 2022 until his resignation in 2025.

Schill was the 18th president of the University of Oregon from 2015 to 2022, the 13th dean of the University of Chicago Law School from 2009 to 2015, and dean of the University of California, Los Angeles School of Law from 2004 to 2009.

Schill is the author of three books and numerous articles, with foci of scholarship in the areas of real estate, housing policy, and discrimination in the housing market. His casebook, Property, co-authored with Jesse Dukeminier, James Krier, Greg Alexander, and Lior Strahilevitz, is a best-selling casebook used in American law schools.
Ingarö Ladies Open
The Ingarö Ladies Open was a women's professional golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour and LET Access Series played between 1993 and 2014 near Stockholm, Sweden.

At the 2013 event Solheim Cup player Charlotta Sörenstam was in contention after opening rounds of 68 and 69, but had to settle for a tie for 7th after a final round of 75.

In 2014, 18-year-old Georgia Hall finished solo third in her professional debut, one stroke behind Caroline Rominger.

Charlotta Sörenstam
Petra Charlotta Sörenstam (born 16 April 1973) is a retired Swedish professional golfer. As an amateur competing for the Texas Longhorns, she won the NCAA Division I Championship individual title. As a professional, she won one tournament on the LPGA Tour and represented Europe in the Solheim Cup. Her elder sister by three years, Annika, is a Hall of Fame golfer.
Ingrassia
Ingrassia is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Ingrassia, (1923–2013), American jurist

Anthony Ingrassia (1944–1995), American theatre director, producer and playwright

Ciccio Ingrassia (1922–2003), Italian actor, comedian and film director

Frankie Ingrassia,  American actress

Giampiero Ingrassia (born 1961), Italian actor

Giovanni Filippo Ingrassia (1510–1580), Italian physician and anatomist

Giuseppe Ingrassia, (born 1988), Italian footballer

Julien Ingrassia, (born 1979), French rally co-driver

Paul Ingrassia, (1950–2019), American journalist

Paul Ingrassia (born 1995), American attorney

Ciccio Ingrassia
Francesco "Ciccio" Ingrassia (5 October  1922 – 28 April 2003) was an Italian actor, comedian and film director.

He was born in Palermo, Sicily, and began his career in the 1950s, although his career only really took off in the 1960s. He starred in many comedies, mainly appearing together with Franco Franchi as the comedy duo Franco and Ciccio. During the 1980s he also did television work. In the 1966 film Due Marines e un Generale (released internationally as War Italian Style), Franco and Ciccio worked with Buster Keaton.
Ian Bushie
Ian Bushie is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2019 Manitoba general election. He represents the electoral district of Keewatinook as a member of the Manitoba New Democratic Party.

He is a member of the Hollow Water First Nation, and was a candidate for the leadership of the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs in 2008. He serves as Minister of Natural Resources and Indigenous Futures in Premier Wab Kinew's Cabinet. Bushie previously served as the Minister of Municipal and Northern Relations.

Hollow Water First Nation
Hollow Water First Nation (Ojibwe: Waanibiigaaw also spelt as Wanipigow) is an Anishinaabe (Ojibwa) First Nation located on the east side of Lake Winnipeg, Canada, 75 km (47 mi) north of Pine Falls, Manitoba, and 217 km (135 mi) north of Winnipeg.

The main economic base of the community remains hunting, fishing, trapping and wild rice harvesting.
HMS Newbury
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Newbury:

English ship Newbury (1654), renamed Revenge after the restoration in 1660

HMS Newbury (1916) was a Racecourse-class minesweeper

SS Newbury (1927)  was a merchant marine ship

Racecourse-class minesweeper
The Racecourse-class minesweepers were 32 ships delivered to the Royal Navy during the First World War. They were built to two related designs as paddlewheel coastal minesweeping sloops under the Emergency War Programme. The vessels were reasonable sea-boats, but lost speed badly in a seaway when the paddle boxes tended to become choked with water. The class is also widely referred to as the Ascot class and Improved Ascot class.
Cap Blanc (Ibiza)
Cap Blanca is a beach on the western seaboard of the Spanish island of Ibiza. The Beach has a good view of the rock island of Es Vedrà which lies a little of the coast here. The beach is in the municipality of Sant Josep de sa Talaia and is 13.3 miles (21.4 km) west of the town of Ibiza town. The village of Sant Josep de sa Talaia is 7.0 miles (11.3 km) east of the beach.

Sant Josep de sa Talaia (municipality)
Sant Josep de sa Talaia  (Balearic Catalan: [ˈsaɲ ʒoˈzɛb də sə təˈlajə]; Spanish: San José Obrero) is a municipality in the South West of Ibiza. The municipality is part of the Spanish autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The total number of inhabitants in the municipality (2006) is 19,244.
Iftikhar Ali Khan (general)
Iftikhar Ali Khan (Urdu: افتخار علی خان), HI(M) SBt (5 January 1941 – 22 August 2009) was a three-star rank army general of the Pakistan Army. He was the former Secretary of Defense and a Chief of General Staff (CGS) of the Pakistan Army.

Chief of the General Staff (Pakistan)
Chief of General Staff (abbreviated as CGS) is the most coveted position within the Pakistan Army after that of the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS). Although the COAS is the head of the land forces, the CGS is "the organizational lead on both intelligence and operations", hence being in charge of the Military Intelligence (MI) and Military Operations (MO) Directorates. Since 1985, a three-star rank Lt. Gen. is appointed to the post.
Canonical normal form
In Boolean algebra, any Boolean function can be expressed in the canonical disjunctive normal form (CDNF), minterm canonical form, or Sum of Products (SoP or SOP) as a disjunction (OR) of minterms. The De Morgan dual is the canonical conjunctive normal form (CCNF), maxterm canonical form, or Product of Sums (PoS or POS) which is a conjunction (AND) of maxterms. These forms can be useful for the simplification of Boolean functions, which is of great importance in the optimization of Boolean formulas in general and digital circuits in particular.

Other canonical forms include the complete sum of prime implicants or Blake canonical form (and its dual), and the algebraic normal form  (also called Zhegalkin or Reed–Muller).

Blake canonical form
In Boolean logic, a formula for a Boolean function  f is in Blake canonical form (BCF), also called the complete sum of prime implicants, the complete sum, or the disjunctive prime form, when it is a disjunction of all the prime implicants of f.
Stamp Centenary Exhibition 1940
The Stamp Centenary Exhibition was an international stamp exhibition. It was held at Lancaster House in London from 6–11 May 1940, under the auspices of the Royal Philatelic Society. It was in aid of the Lord Mayor's Red Cross and St. John Fund. Penny Black reprints (with full gum) were printed by Waterlow and Sons for the exhibition.  Miniature sheets were produced in five colors, as well as Cinderella stamp sheets.     A set of six commemorative stamps were also released the first day of the exhibition. (Scott catalogue numbers 252-257, all available for modest prices.)  Commencement of the Battle of France coincided with its closing days.

Scott catalogue
The Scott catalogue of postage stamps, published by Scott Stamp LLC, is updated annually and lists all the stamps of the world that its editors recognize as issued for postal purposes. It is published in fourteen large volumes (as of 2021) that include twelve volumes containing all the countries of the world that have ever issued postage stamps, the United States Specialized Catalog, and the 1840–1940 Classic Specialized Catalogue (covering the world for the first 100 years that stamps were issued).  The numbering system used by Scott to identify stamps is dominant among stamp collectors in the United States, Canada and Mexico.
Robity, Bartoszyce County
Robity [rɔˈbitɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górowo Iławeckie, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Górowo Iławeckie, 33 km (21 mi) north-west of Bartoszyce, and 69 km (43 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Bartoszyce
Bartoszyce (pronounced Barto-shitse [bartɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Bartenstein, [ˈbaʁtn̩ʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town on the Łyna River in northern Poland, with 22,597 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Bartoszyce County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
Letneozersky (air base)
Letneozersky (also Letneozerskiy, Obozersky Southeast (US)) is a former interceptor air base located 8 km (5 miles) southeast of Obozersky, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.

It was home to the 524th Fighter Aviation Regiment, 23rd Air Defence Division (Arkhangelsk), 10th Independent Air Defence Army, with up to 27 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 (NATO: Foxbat) interceptor aircraft based at the airfield during the 1980s. It features two major revetment areas holding over 15 aircraft each.  The base provided air defense cover for the airspace around Arkhangelsk and Plesetsk Cosmodrome.

The regiment was disbanded in 1994.

Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (Russian: Архангельск, pronounced [ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its mouth into the White Sea. The city spreads for over 40 kilometres (25 mi) along the banks of the river and numerous islands of its delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly founded Saint Petersburg.

A 1,133-kilometer-long (704 mi) railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the 2021 Census, the city's population was 301,199.
Lowell Mellett
Lowell Mellett (February 22, 1884 — April 6, 1960) was an American journalist. He is best known as chief of the Office of War Information's Bureau of Motion Pictures during World War II, and supervising the series Why We Fight.

Bureau of Motion Pictures
Bureau of Motion Pictures (BMP) was a division of the United States Office of War Information (OWI) during World War II. Established in 1942, the BMP collaborated with Hollywood studios to produce films that supported American war objectives, fostering public morale and promoting national unity. It was dissolved in 1943, with its functions partially absorbed by the older Office of Censorship.
Honda Project 2&4
The Honda Project 2&4 was an open-wheel concept car that was initially unveiled at International Motor Show Germany in 2015. Its livery was largely inspired by the Honda RA272 Formula One race car, and the car itself was powered by the V4 engine derived from the Honda RC213V MotoGP motorcycle. The car was debuted at the 2015 Frankfurt Motor Show. The cars design was heavily influenced by the 1997 Honda Side by Side concept.

V4 engine
A V4 engine is a four-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration.

The V4 engine is less common compared to straight-four engines. However, V4 engines have been used in automobiles, motorcycles, and other applications.
Lyndhurst railway station
Lyndhurst was a railway station on the South Gippsland line (now the Cranbourne line) in Victoria, Australia. In 1979, it had a single platform on the east side of the track, and a loop siding.

The station was served by passenger trains to Leongatha and Yarram until their withdrawal in June 1981, and then by Dandenong to Lang Lang railmotors until their withdrawal in October 1981. Although passenger trains between Melbourne and Leongatha were restored between 1984 and 1993, Lyndhurst station was not re-opened. The platform has been demolished.

In the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan, a new passenger line was proposed linking Frankston and Lyndhurst.

Cement traffic from Waurn Ponds near Geelong, to a siding serving a concrete batching plant operated by Boral, ended in 2009, after Pacific National increased the costs charged to Blue Circle Southern. The siding and the silo were removed in 2021 to make way for the duplication of the Cranbourne line.

Lang Lang railway station
Lang Lang was a railway station on the South Gippsland railway line in South Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. The station operated until the closure of the line between Cranbourne Station and Leongatha Station in 1993. This station remains partially intact with its platform and signals still in reasonable condition, as well as the track along this section.
Vincenzo Vannutelli
Vincenzo Vannutelli (5 December 1836 – 9 July 1930) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He spent his career in the foreign service of the Holy See and was made a cardinal in 1890.

At his death he was the oldest member of the College of Cardinals, the last surviving cardinal elevated to that rank during the 19th century, and the next to last surviving cardinal named by Pope Leo XIII.

His older brother Serafino (1834–1915) was also a cardinal.

College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals (Latin: Collegium Cardinalium), also called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. As of 19 February 2026, there are 244 cardinals, of whom 121 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Appointed by the pope, cardinals serve for life, but become ineligible to participate in a papal conclave if they turn 80 before a papal vacancy occurs.

Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900, nearly half of whom were created after 1655. This number excludes possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty.