hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aamer Hameed
Aamer Hameed (born 18 October 1954) is a former Pakistani cricketer, known as The Lahori Lion who played two One Day International between 1977 and 1978. His primary skill was a fast-medium pace bowler. He was born at Lahore in 1954.

Both his international matches came against England during the 1977/78 home series. He only picked up one wicket in his two games dismissing Mike Brearley at the Zafar Ali Stadium. He was picked for the summer tour of England in 1978 although he didn't receive a call-up during the series and eventually was never considered for international selection for the remainder of his career. After the tour of England in 1978, he went for his further studies and joined University College, Oxford, England. Here, he played for Oxford University and won his Oxford Blue in 1979.

Zafar Ali Stadium
Zafar Ali Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan. From 1955 until 1995, it was used for first-class and List A cricket matches. The stadium can accommodate 10,000 spectators.

The venue, formerly known as Sahiwal Stadium, was renamed as Zafar Ali Stadium in honor of Sheikh Zafar Ali Khan, the founder of the Pakistan Olympic Association.
Pamela Jepkirui
Pamela Jepkirui (born 8 February 1996 Nandi) is a Kenyan volleyball player. She is part of the Kenya women's national volleyball team as an outside hitter. She participated at the 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. She was selected for the 2020 Summer Olympics. The Kenya national team set off for the Olympics in Tokyo in three batches to try and minimise the chances of being effected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Their opening match will be on 25 July in Tokyo against Japan.

She currently plays with Kenya Prisons.

Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics
The volleyball tournaments at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were played between 24 July and 8 August 2021. 24 volleyball teams and 48 beach volleyball teams participated in the tournament. The indoor volleyball competition took place at Ariake Arena in Ariake, and the beach volleyball tournament at Shiokaze Park, in the temporary Shiokaze Park Stadium.

It was originally scheduled to take place in 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IOC and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee announced on 24 March 2020 that the 2020 Summer Olympics would be delayed to 2021.
UAAP Season 82 volleyball tournaments
The UAAP Season 82 volleyball tournaments started on September 4, 2019 with the junior tournaments and on March 3, 2020 for the senior tournaments. The games were played at the Filoil Flying V Centre, Mall of Asia Arena, Smart Araneta Coliseum, PhilSports Arena and the Blue Eagle Gym. The volleyball tournament commissioner is Noreen Go.

Bella Belen
Mhicaela "Bella" Belen is a Filipino volleyball player. She is currently playing as an outside hitter for Alas Pilipinas, a former NU Lady Bulldog and is now a new recruit of the Capital1 Solar Spikers.
Praskovya Ivanovskaya
Praskovya Ivanovskaya (Russian: Праско́вья Ивано́вская; 3 November 1852 – 19 September 1935) was a Russian revolutionary, typist, Narodnik and member of Narodnaya Volya and the Socialist-Revolutionary Party.

Narodniks
The Narodniks were members of a movement of the Russian Empire intelligentsia in the 1860s and 1870s, some of whom became involved in revolutionary agitation against tsarism. Their ideology, known as Narodism, Narodnism, or Narodnichestvo, was a form of agrarian socialism, though it is often misunderstood as populism.

The Going to the People campaigns were the central impetus of the Narodnik movement. The Narodniks were in many ways the intellectual and political forebears and, in notable cases, direct participants of the Russian Revolution—in particular of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which went on to greatly influence Russian history in the early 20th century.
Combat Logistics Battalion 4
Combat Logistics Battalion 4 (CLB-4) is a logistics unit of the United States Marine Corps (USMC). The battalion falls under the command of Combat Logistics Regiment 3, which is a part of the 3rd Marine Logistics Group. They are based on Camp Schwab, Okinawa, Japan and their mission includes construction, demolition, supply, transportation, maintenance and fabrication.

3rd Marine Logistics Group
The 3rd Marine Logistics Group (3rd MLG) is the Logistics Combat Element (LCE) for III Marine Expeditionary Force currently headquartered on Camp Kinser, Marine Corps Base Smedley D. Butler, Okinawa, Japan. 3rd MLG provides combat service support (CSS) to III MEF units above the organic capability. CSS is the essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war. Combat service support includes, but is not limited, to supply, maintenance, transportation, general engineering, health services, and other services required by aviation and ground combat forces to permit those units to accomplish their missions.
Minolta Fish-Eye Rokkor 16mm f/2.8
The Fish-Eye Rokkor 16mm f/2.8 is a prime fisheye lens produced by Minolta for Minolta SR-mount single lens reflex cameras, introduced in 1969 to replace an earlier fisheye lens, the UW Rokkor 18mm f/9.5. It is a full-frame fisheye lens with a 180° viewing angle across the diagonal.

This lens was licensed by Leitz and released for Leica R mount cameras as the Leica Fisheye-Elmarit-R 16mm f/2.8; it also was released as an autofocus lens for Minolta A-mount system cameras.

Minolta
Minolta Co., Ltd. (ミノルタ, Minoruta) was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, lenses, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers. Minolta Co., Ltd., which is also known simply as Minolta, was founded in Osaka, Japan, in 1928 as Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten (日独写真機商店; meaning Japanese-German camera shop). It made the first integrated autofocus 35 mm SLR camera system. In 1931, the company adopted its final name, an acronym for "Mechanism, Instruments, Optics, and Lenses by Tashima".

In 2003, Minolta merged with Konica to form Konica Minolta. On 19 January 2006, Konica Minolta announced that it was leaving the camera and photo business, and that it would sell a portion of its SLR camera business to Sony as part of its move to pull completely out of the business of selling cameras and photographic film.

In 2017, Konica Minolta sold the Minolta trademark to JMM Lee Properties, which licensed it to Elite brands for line of digital cameras, camcorders, and dashcams.
Grosvenor Hall (estate)
Grosvenor Hall is an estate in Kennington, Ashford, Kent. At first a sanitorium, it was repurposed as a training site for police recruits and called the Ashford Police Training Centre between 1973 and 2006. It is now a youth educational and adventure centre.

Sanatorium
A sanatorium (from Latin sānāre 'to heal'), also sanitarium or sanitorium, is a historic name for a specialised hospital for the treatment of specific diseases, related ailments, and convalescence.

Sanatoria were often in a healthy climate, usually in the countryside. The idea of healing was an important reason for the historical wave of establishments of sanatoria, especially at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The most common issue treated at sanatoria was tuberculosis (before the discovery of antibiotics). Some sanatoria also treated alcoholism as well as hysteria, masturbation, fatigue and emotional exhaustion. Facility operators were often charitable associations, such as the Order of St. John and the newly founded social welfare insurance companies.

Sanatoria should not be confused with the Russian sanatoria from the time of the Soviet Union, which were a type of sanatorium resort residence for workers.
Severoonezhsk
Severoonezhsk (Russian: Северооне́жск) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Plesetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located 55 kilometers (34 mi) west of the town of Mirny, on the left bank of the Onega River. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Severoonezhskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population:  5,289 (2010 Census); 5,624 (2002 Census); 6,223 (1989 Soviet census)..

Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Mirny (Russian: Мирный, IPA: [ˈmʲirnɨj], lit. peaceful) is a closed town in the west of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, serving the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The town is located 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) from the urban-type settlement of Plesetsk and is connected to it by a road and a railway. urban railway station is located within the town, being a terminus to cosmodrome's vast railway system. The Plestsy Airport is also located nearby. Population: 30,280 (2010 census); 30,502 (2002 census).
Prix du Palais-Royal
The Prix du Palais-Royal is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June.

The event is named after the Palais-Royal, a palace and an associated garden located in Paris. The race was established in 1968, and with four exceptions — the 1996 and 2016 runnings at Deauville, the 2017 running at Maisons-Laffitte and the 2020 running at Clairefontaine — it has always taken place at Longchamp. Its distance has remained at 1,400 metres since its creation.

For several years before its launch there was an event titled the Prix Palais Royal at Saint-Cloud. This was named after a racehorse called Palais Royal, the winner of the Cambridgeshire Handicap and runner-up in the St Leger in 1928.

Deauville-La Touques Racecourse
Hippodrome Deauville-La Touques is a race track for thoroughbred horse racing located in Deauville in the Calvados département, in the Normandy région of France. Originally called Hippodrome de la Touques, it was named for the Touques River that separates the city of Deauville from Trouville-sur-Mer. It was constructed in 1862 by Charles Auguste Louis Joseph, duc de Morny, the half brother of Napoleon III.

The countryside around Deauville is the main horse breeding region in France and home to numerous stud farms.
Nease
Nease is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Nease (1914–1984), American conservationist

Floyd Nease, multiple people

Mike Nease (born 1961), American football player

Orval J. Nease (1891–1950), American Nazarene minister

Stephen W. Nease (1925–2006), American educator and college president

Steve Nease, Canadian cartoonist

Mike Nease
Michael Ray Nease (born October 30, 1961) is an American former professional football guard who played for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, where he was a Jacobs Blocking Trophy winner. He also played in the United States Football League (USFL) for the Denver Gold, and had stints in the USFL with the Oklahoma Outlaws and Los Angeles Express and in the NFL with the Cleveland Browns. He concluded his career with the New England Steamrollers of the Arena Football League (AFL) in 1988.
Sam Hill (director)
Sam Hill is an American television director and television producer. He is best known for his directing and producing work on the television series CSI: Miami and the Amazon Prime Video series Reacher.  His other directing credits include CSI: NY, Cult, Body of Proof, Almost Human, Believe, Forever and Scorpion.

Prior to working in television, Hill worked as a first assistant director, most notably on the films Cruel Intentions (1999), Cruel Intentions 2 (2001) and The Sweetest Thing (2002), all of which were directed by Roger Kumble.

Reacher (TV series)
Reacher is an American action crime television series developed by Nick Santora for Amazon Prime Video. Based on the Jack Reacher novel series by Lee Child, it stars Alan Ritchson as the title character, a self-proclaimed hobo and former U.S. Army military police officer with formidable strength, intellect, and abilities. During his travels, Reacher crosses paths with dangerous criminals and battles them.

The first season, based on the first novel in the series, Killing Floor, was released on February 4, 2022. The second season, based on the eleventh novel, Bad Luck and Trouble, began on December 15, 2023, and concluded on January 19, 2024. The third season, based on the seventh novel, Persuader, premiered on February 20, 2025, and concluded on March 27, 2025. In October 2024, before the third season premiere, the series was renewed for a fourth season based on the thirteenth novel, Gone Tomorrow.

A spin-off series, Neagley, is in production.
Todra volcanic field
Todra volcanic field is a volcanic field in the Aïr region, Niger.

The field consists of about 150 volcanoes, whose position is fault controlled. Their eruption products (mainly basalt but also phonolite and trachyte) cover a surface of about 1,050 square kilometres (410 sq mi). Geologically, they are located at the northwestern end of the Téfidet graben of the Trans-Saharan orogen.

The field may have had historical eruptions.

Aïr Mountains
The Aïr Mountains or Aïr Massif (Tamajăq: Ayǝr; Hausa: Eastern Azbin, Western Abzin) is a triangular massif, located in northern Niger, within the Sahara. Part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion, they rise to more than 1,800 m (5,900 ft) and extend over 84,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi). Lying in the midst of desert north of the 17th parallel, the Aïr plateau, with an average altitude between 500 and 900 m (1,600 and 3,000 ft), forms an island of Sahel climate which supports a wide variety of life, many pastoral and farming communities, and dramatic geological and archaeological sites. There are notable archaeological excavations in the region that illustrate the prehistoric past of this region. The endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) once existed in this region, but may now be extirpated due to human population pressures in this region.
Steve Coutchie
Stephen A. Coutchie (born Istvan Kuczaj; August 6, 1899 – January 24, 1983) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Arizona State Teachers College at Tempe, now Arizona State University, in 1946, compiling a record of 2–7–2. Before coming to Arizona State, Coutchie coached both football and basketball at Mesa Union High School in Mesa, Arizona, winning a combined five state championships, two in football and three in basketball. He attended Thornton Township High School in Harvey, Illinois and played football as a quarterback at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign from 1922 to 1923.

Mesa, Arizona
Mesa (/ˈmeɪsə/ ⓘ MAY-sə) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. The population was 504,258 at the 2020 census. It is the third-most populous city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the 37th-most populous city in the U.S., and the most populous city that is not a county seat (except for independent cities Washington, D.C. and Baltimore which are not part of any county). It is the most populous city in the East Valley of the Phoenix metropolitan area. It borders Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south along with Queen Creek, and Apache Junction on the east.

At least ten colleges and universities were located in Mesa, as is the Mesa Arizona Temple, one of the first LDS temples constructed outside of Utah. The city is home to the largest relief airport in the Phoenix area, Mesa Gateway Airport, located in the southeastern corner of the city.
Ciro Verratti
Ciro Verratti (17 August 1907 – 6 July 1971) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold medal in the team foil event at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was cast as the lead in the 1937 pirate swashbuckler The Black Corsair, his only film role.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
John S. Matijevich
John S. Matijevich (December 25, 1927 – November 3, 2016) was an American politician.

Matijevich was born in North Chicago, Illinois. He served in the United States Army. Matijevich received his bachelor's degree from Lake Forest College. He served as the police chief for the village of North Chicago and wrote columns for the North Chicago Tribune, the Lake County Journal, and for the Bob Schroeder Publishing Company. Matijevich served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1967 to 1992 and was a Democrat. He died at his home in North Chicago, Illinois.

Lake Forest College
Lake Forest College is a private liberal arts college in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1857 as Lind University by a group of Presbyterian ministers, the college has been coeducational since 1876 and an undergraduate-focused liberal arts institution since 1903. Lake Forest enrolls approximately 1,800 students representing 43 states and 114 countries. Lake Forest offers 34 undergraduate majors and 49 minor programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, and features programs of study in pre-law, pre-medicine, communication, business, finance, and computer science. Most students live on the college's wooded 107-acre (43 ha) campus located 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the Lake Michigan shore; however, the population of commuting students has increased in the past few years.

Lake Forest is affiliated with the Associated Colleges of the Midwest. The college has 23 varsity teams that compete in the NCAA Division III Midwest Conference.
Kojsko
Kojsko (pronounced [ˈkoːi̯skɔ]) is a village in the Municipality of Brda in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The parish church in the village is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Koper Diocese. A second church belonging to this parish is built on a hill above the village and is dedicated to the Holy Cross.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Carrier Dove
Carrier Dove was the name of several North American ships:

Carrier Dove, an 1854 schooner that sank in Lake Ontario

Carrier Dove (clipper), an 1855 California clipper ship

Carrier Dove (1857 schooner), built in Wilmington, North Carolina

Carrier Dove (1869 barque) built in Saint John, New Brunswick

Carrier Dove (1884 schooner), built in Essex, Massachusetts

Carrier Dove (schooner), an 1890 four-masted lumber and fishing schooner built by the Hall Brothers

Essex, Massachusetts
Essex is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, 26 miles (42 km) north of Boston and 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Newburyport. It is known for its former role as a center of shipbuilding. The population was 3,675 at the 2020 census.

The central village areas of Essex and South Essex make up the census-designated place of Essex.
Groser
Groser is a surname of English origin, meaning "wholesale dealer grocer". Notable people with the surname include:

John Groser (1890–1966), English priest and Christian socialist

Tim Groser (born 1950), New Zealand politician and diplomat

John Groser
St John Beverley Groser MC (23 June 1890 – 19 March 1966) was an English Anglican priest and prominent Christian socialist. Hannen Swaffer described him as "the best-known priest in the East End [of London]" and Kenneth Leech wrote that he was "one of the most significant Christian socialist figures in twentieth-century Britain".
1971 Australian Touring Car Championship
The 1971 Australian Touring Car Championship was an Australian motor racing competition for Group C Improved Production Touring Cars and Group E Series Production Touring Cars. It was authorised by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as an Australian National Title. The championship, which was the 12th running of the Australian Touring Car Championship, began at Symmons Plains Raceway on 1 March 1971 and ended at Oran Park Raceway on 8 August after seven heats.

Bob Jane won his third Australian Touring Car Championship, driving his 7.0-litre Chevrolet Camaro ZL-1. Allan Moffat finished runner-up in his Ford Boss 302 Mustang, while Ian Geoghegan was third in his Ford Mustang. Defending champion Norm Beechey finished fifth in the series, suffering from reliability problems with his Holden HT Monaro GTS350. Beechey only finished two heats of the series, one of which was a victory in the second heat at Calder Park Raceway.

Group C (Australia)
In relation to Australian motorsport, Group C refers to either of two sets of regulations devised by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS) for use in Australian Touring Car Racing from 1965 to 1984. These are not to be confused with the FIA's Group C sports car regulations, used from 1982 to 1992 for the World Endurance Championship / World Sports-Prototype Championship / World Sportscar Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Garzan Dam
Garzan Dam is an embankment dam on the Garzan River 9 km (5.6 mi) northeast of Kozluk in Batman Province, Turkey. It is part of the Southeastern Anatolia Project and has a primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation and irrigation. Surveys for the dam were completed in 2008, construction began in 2009 and the dam began to impound its reservoir in October 2012. The power plant has an installed capacity of 49 MW. The irrigation works remain under construction and are expected to irrigate an area of 40,000 ha (99,000 acres) when complete. The dam was awarded to FERNAS Energy Electricity Generation Co. Inc. in 2011 under a build–operate–transfer basis.

Kozluk
Kozluk (Kurdish: Hezzo, Armenian: Հազզո, romanized: Hazzo) is a town and seat of Kozluk District in Batman Province, Turkey. The town had a population of 27,825 in 2021. The mayor is Mehmet Veysi Işık (AKP).

It is divided into the neighborhoods of Ağaçlık, Aşağı Güneşli, Bahçeli, Beşevler, Çaybaşı, Değirmendere, Hamam, İslambey, Kale, Karpuzlu, Kavaklı, Kemalpaşa, Komando, Köprübaşı, Pınarbaşı, Selahaddini Eyyübi, Şemdinağa, Tepecik, Tepeüstü, Yamaçlı, Yenimahalle, Yeşiltepe, Yolaltı, Yolüstü and Yukarı Güneşli.
Corlett–Hague rule
The Corlett–Hague rule is a rule in the economics of optimal taxation, which follows the second best approach, and states that optimal taxation can be achieved by taxing complementary goods of leisure, thereby reducing the distortion of labor supply incentives. It was developed by W.J. Corlett and D.C. Hague in 1953, and is derived from the principles of optimal taxation derived by Frank P. Ramsey. The Corlett–Hague rule has multiple applications in tax policy such as in commodity taxation or capital income taxation.

Theory of the second best
In welfare economics, the theory of the second best concerns the situation when one or more optimality conditions cannot be satisfied. The economists Richard Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster showed in 1956 that if one optimality condition in an economic model cannot be satisfied, it is possible that the next-best solution involves changing other variables away from the values that would otherwise be optimal. Politically, the theory implies that if it is infeasible to remove a particular market distortion, introducing one or more additional market distortions in an interdependent market may partially counteract the first, and lead to a more efficient outcome.