hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coastal fortifications of New Zealand
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Coastal fortifications were constructed in New Zealand in two main waves: around 1885 as a response to fears of an attack by Russia, and in World War II due to fears of invasion by the Japanese.

The fortifications were built from British designs adapted to New Zealand conditions. They typically included gun emplacements, pill boxes, fire control or observation posts, camouflage strategies, underground bunkers, sometimes with interconnected tunnels, containing magazines, supply and plotting rooms and protected engine rooms supplying power to the gun turrets and searchlights. There were also kitchens, barracks, and officer and NCO quarters.

Observation post
An observation post (commonly abbreviated OP), temporary or fixed, is a position from which soldiers can watch enemy movements, to warn of approaching soldiers (such as in trench warfare), or to direct fire. In strict military terminology, an observation post is any preselected position from which observations are to be made - this may include very temporary installations such as a vehicle parked as a roadside checkpoint, or even an airborne aircraft.
Augusta, Gibson and Sandersville Railroad
The Augusta, Gibson and Sandersville Railroad was incorporated in 1884 and began operating from Augusta to Gibson and Sandersville, Georgia, in 1885 and 1886, respectively. In 1893, it went bankrupt and was reorganized as the Augusta Southern Railroad. The line ran as 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge until 1895.

3 ft gauge railways
Three foot gauge railways have a track gauge of 3 ft (914 mm) or 1 yard. This gauge is a narrow gauge and is generally found throughout North, Central, and South America. In Ireland, many secondary and industrial lines were built to 3 ft gauge, and it is the dominant gauge on the Isle of Man, where it is known as the Manx Standard Gauge. Modern 3 ft gauge railways are most commonly found in isolated mountainous areas, on small islands, or in large-scale amusement parks and theme parks (see table below). This gauge is also popular in model railroading (particularly in G scale), and model prototypes of these railways have been made by several model train brands around the world, such as Accucraft Trains (US), Aristo-Craft Trains (US), Bachmann Industries (Hong Kong), Delton Locomotive Works (US), LGB (Germany), and PIKO (Germany).
Dark Horse (2005 film)
Dark Horse (Danish: Voksne mennesker) is a 2005 Danish-Icelandic film directed by Dagur Kári, about a young man, his best friend, and a girl. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
1962 French legislative election in French Somaliland
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 18 November 1962 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. Ahmed-Idriss Moussa was elected as the territory's MP, defeating incumbent Hassan Gouled Aptidon.

French Somaliland
French Somaliland (French: Côte française des Somalis, lit. 'French Coast of the Somalis', CFS; Somali: Xeebta Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiiska; Arabic: ساحل الصوماليين الفرنسي وتوابعه) was a French colony in the Horn of Africa. It existed between 1884 and 1967, at which point it became the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas. The Republic of Djibouti is its legal successor state.
Cellulosimicrobium cellulans
Cellulosimicrobium cellulans  is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus of Cellulosimicrobium. Cellulosimicrobium cellulans can cause rare opportunistic infections. The strain EB-8-4 of this species can be used for stereoselective allylic hydroxylation of D-limonene to (+)-trans-carveol.

Carveol
Carveol is a natural unsaturated, monocyclic monoterpenoid alcohol that is a constituent of spearmint essential oil in the form of cis-(−)-carveol. It is a colorless fluid soluble in oils, but insoluble in water and has an odor and flavor that resemble those of spearmint and caraway.  Consequently, it is used as a fragrance in cosmetics and as a flavor additive in the food industry.

It has been found to exhibit chemoprevention of mammary carcinogenesis (prevents breast cancer).

An alpha-trans-dihydroxy derivative, (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol, possesses potent antiparkinsonian activity in animal models.
Hromádka
Hromádka is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eduard Hromádka (1909–1966), Czech alpine skier

Josef Hromádka (1889–1969), Czech Protestant theologian

Karel Hromádka (1887–1956), Czech chess player

Eduard Hromádka
Eduard Hromádka (1 March 1909 – 19 April 1966) was a Czech alpine skier. He competed in the men's combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

His elder brother Karel was an international ice hockey player.
Skyline Pigeon
"Skyline Pigeon" is a song by British musician Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin, and performed by John. It is the eighth track on John's debut studio album Empty Sky. It was originally released by Guy Darrell and Roger James Cooke simultaneously as a single in August 1968.

Roger Cook (songwriter)
Roger Frederick Cook (born 19 August 1940) is an English singer, songwriter and record producer, who has written many hit records for other recording artists. He has also had a successful recording career in his own right.

He is best known for his collaborations with Roger Greenaway. Cook's co-compositions have included "You've Got Your Troubles", and the transatlantic million-selling songs, "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing" and "Long Cool Woman in a Black Dress". They were the first UK songwriting partnership to win an Ivor Novello Award as 'Songwriters of the Year' over two successive years.

In 1997, Cook became the first British songwriter to enter the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Navoloki
Navoloki (Russian: Наволоки) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Navoloki, Ivanovo Oblast, a town in Kineshemsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Rural localities

Navoloki, Vologda Oblast, a village in Berezovsky Selsoviet of Nyuksensky District in Vologda Oblast

Navoloki, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Arefinsky Rural Okrug of Rybinsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Anna Jakubowska (chess player)
Anna Jakubowska (née Gasik, born 21 August 1988) is a Polish chess player who holds the Woman International Master title.  She won the 2006 European Youth Chess Championship in the under 18 years old girls category. The competition was held in the coastal town of Herceg Novi, Montenegro. In 2008, she participated in Women's World Chess Championship in Nalchik, where she lost in the second round with Lilit Mkrtchian. She represents two European Chess Clubs, Polish: Polonia Warsaw and German: Hamburger SK.

Herceg Novi
Herceg Novi (Cyrillic: Херцег Нови, pronounced [xěrtseɡ nôviː]) is a town in Coastal region of Montenegro located at the Western entrance to the Bay of Kotor and at the foot of Mount Orjen. It is the administrative center of the Herceg Novi Municipality with around 33,000 inhabitants. The town was founded as a fortress in 1382 by the King of Bosnia, Tvrtko I Kotromanić, and named after Saint Stephen but the name did not stick, instead it became known as Novi (transl. New), also Castelnuovo in Italian (transl. New Castle). Between 1482 and 1687 it was part of the Ottoman Empire and then from 1687 to 1797 the Albania Veneta of the Republic of Venice. It was a Catholic bishopric and remains a Latin titular see as Novi. Herceg Novi has had a turbulent past, despite being one of the youngest settlements on the Adriatic. A history of varied occupations has created a blend of diverse and picturesque architectural styles in the city.
Buser al-Harir
Buser al-Harir (Arabic: بصّر الحرير, Buṣr al-Ḥarīr, also spelled Busra al-Harir, Basr al-Harir, Busra Hariri) is a town in southern Syria, part of the Daraa Governorate situated in the Hauran plain. It is located northeast of Daraa and northwest of Suwayda. Nearby localities include Mlaihat al-Atash to the southwest, ash-Shaykh Miskin to the west, Izraa to the northwest, Harran to the northeast, Najran to the east, al-Mazraa to the southeast and Nahtah to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Buser al-Harir had a population of 13,315 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Harran, Suwayda
Harran (Arabic: حران) is a village in the Suwayda Governorate in southwestern Syria. It is situated in the southern Lajah plateau, northwest of the city of Suwayda. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Harran had a population of 1,523 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

During the early Byzantine era, Harran's Arabic-speaking inhabitants were pagans, but by the late 6th century, the population had become Christian. A bilingual Greek and Arabic inscription known as the Harran inscription found in the village is among the earliest known appearances of written Arabic in Syria. In the early Ottoman era (16th century), Harran was a grain-producing Muslim hamlet. It was later abandoned, and then in the mid-19th century it was settled by Druze, who still inhabit the village.
Kwaggafontein
Kwaggafontein, officially Ekukhanyeni, is a town along the Moloto Road (R573) in the Thembisile Hani Local Municipality of the Nkangala District Municipality, which is located in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. It was established in the late 1940s by the AmaNdebele tribe of South Africa. The Ndebele people who currently occupy the town came from nearby farms that are today in the Mpumalanga and Gauteng provinces. Many people came from current day Bronkhorstspruit, Delmas, Balmoral and other surrounding areas.

It is a modern, civilised area consisting of schools, Kwagga Mall (formerly Kwagga Plaza), and a market. There is also a Marble Mine nearby currently producing limestones as concrete crushed slabs currently operating around the clock.

Balmoral, South Africa
Balmoral is a town in the Emalahleni Local Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The village was established as a railway station of the Oosterlijn from Pretoria to Maputo in 1894. The village and railway station were erected at the farm Eenzaamheid. For decades the village was nothing more than a railway stop with a primary school for the surrounding farms. During the Second Boer War, the British built a concentration camp near the railway station.
The Reconciliation of Helen and Paris After His Defeat by Menelaus
The Reconciliation of Helen and Paris After His Defeat by Menelaus is an 1805 history painting by the British artist Richard Westall. It depicts a scene from the poem the Iliad by the Ancient Greek writer Homer. Following her lover Paris's defeat in the Trojan Wars at the hands of her husband Menelaus, King of Sparta, Helen is reconciled with him thanks to the intervention of Aphrodite.

It was displayed at the Royal Academy's 1805 Summer Exhibition at Somerset House. It was one of two paintings commissioned by the art collector Thomas Hope, with Helen being modelled on a statue in his collection. Hope was a close friend of another of Westall's major patrons Richard Payne Knight who owned nine of his paintings. Today it is in the collection of the Tate Britain in Pimlico, having been acquired in 1956.

Royal Academy Summer Exhibition
The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom. It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world".

When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768, one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception.
Société d'Études Aéronautiques
The Société d'Études Aéronautiques (SEA) (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete detyd(z‿)aeʁɔnotik], "Society for Aeronautical Studies") was a French aircraft manufacturer founded in 1916 by Henry Potez, Marcel Bloch, and Louis Coroller at Suresnes.

Having been established amid the First World War, the company was from its onset focused upon the manufacture of military aircraft. It quickly found work producing large numbers of combat aircraft on behalf of the French military. However, following the end of the conflict, a major glut in surplus aircraft and the cancellation of many outstanding orders rapidly pushed the company into dire straights. Some officials, like Bloch, decided to withdraw from the aviation sector entirely in light of the poor economic prospects of the early 1920s aviation market.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Percis matsuii
Percis matsuii is a fish in the family Agonidae. It was described by Matsubara in 1936. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling fish which is known from southern Japan, in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It dwells at a depth range of 200 to 500 metres (660 to 1,640 ft), and inhabits sand and mud sediments. Males can reach a maximum standard length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in).

Due to its moderately wide distribution in its region, and due to a lack of interest from fisheries, the IUCN redlist currently lists P. matsuii as Least Concern.

Kiyomatsu Matsubara
Kiyomatsu Matsubara (松原 喜代松, Matsubara Kiyomatsu, February 10, 1907 – December 12, 1968) was a Japanese marine biologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist.

Born Kiyomatsu Sakamoto in Hyogo Prefecture, Kiyomatsu Matsubara was the first professor of the Department of Fisheries of the University of Kyoto and is considered to be the founder of Japanese research on fish systematics. He changed his name to "Matsubara" in the early 1930s. He has focused his research primarily on the scorpionfish (Scorpaeniformes) and published many books and scholarly articles. He described several new species of fish, including the crocodile shark (Pseudocarcharias kamoharai).

Species named after him include the rays Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama, 1952) and Dasyatis matsubarai Miyosi, 1939.
Anthony DeLuca II
Anthony Phillip DeLuca II is an American politician who was a member of the Rhode Island State Senate representing the 29th District since being elected in the 2022 election.

He lost his reelection bid for the 2024 Rhode Island Senate election.

Rhode Island Senate
The Rhode Island Senate is the upper house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the lower house being the Rhode Island House of Representatives. It is composed of 38 Senators, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Rhode Island is one of the 14 states where its upper house serves at a two-year cycle, rather than the normal four-year term as in most states. There is no limit to the number of terms that a Senator may serve. The Rhode Island Senate meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, commissions and boards and Justices to the Rhode Island Judiciary.
Wamanrasu
Wamanrasu (Quechua waman falcon or variable hawk, Ancash Quechua rasu snow, ice, mountain with snow, Hispanicized spellings Huamanrazo, Huamanrazu) is a mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,304 metres (17,402 ft) high. It is located in the Huancavelica Region, Castrovirreyna Province, Santa Ana District and in the Huancavelica Province, Huancavelica District. Wamanrasu lies northeast of the mountain Antarasu and northwest of the mountain Qarwarasu (Carhuarazo) of the Huancavelica Region.

The local peasants consider Wamanrasu to be the mightiest Apu of the region.

Ancash Quechua
Ancash Quechua (Huaylas Ancash Quechua: qichwa [ˈqɛtʃ.wa], or less often nuna shimi), also Huaylay or Waylay in linguistic terminology, is a Quechua variety spoken in the Peruvian department of Ancash by approximately 1,000,000 people. Like Wanka Quechua, it belongs to Quechua I (according to Alfredo Torero).
Chocolate Box (Bros song)
"Chocolate Box" is a song by British pop band Bros, released on 7 October 1989. "Chocolate Box" was their Second track taken from their second album, The Time (1989). It reached number nine on the UK Singles Chart.

Bros (British band)
Bros (/brɒs/) were an English band formed in 1986 in Camberley, Surrey. The band originally consisted of twin brothers Matt and Luke Goss, and their friend Craig Logan, who attended Collingwood School in Camberley. The band were managed by former Pet Shop Boys manager Tom Watkins. They achieved chart success and a large teenage fanbase in 1988 with songs such as "When Will I Be Famous?" and "I Owe You Nothing". Early the following year, Logan quit the band and the Goss twins continued as a duo. After two more albums the band split up in 1992.

According to the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), Bros have been certified for sales of 1.3 million albums and 750,000 singles in the UK. Bros are estimated to have sold 16 million records worldwide. In 2017, the Goss twins reunited to perform two dates as Bros at the O2 Arena in London.
Magda Kósáné Kovács
Magda Kósáné Kovács (4 November 1940 – 27 July 2020) was a Hungarian politician who was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Hungarian Socialist Party, part of the Party of European Socialists.

She left the Socialist Party and joined Democratic Coalition founded and led by Ferenc Gyurcsány in 2011 and became head of the new party's ethical committee.

Hungarian Socialist Party
The Hungarian Socialist Party (Hungarian: Magyar Szocialista Párt [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈsot͡siɒliʃtɒ ˈpaːrt]), commonly known by its acronym MSZP (Hungarian: [ˈɛmɛspeː] ⓘ), is a centre-left to left-wing social democratic and pro-European political party in Hungary.

It was founded on 7 October 1989 as a post-communist evolution and one of two legal successors of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP). Along with its conservative rival Fidesz, MSZP was one of the two most dominant parties in Hungarian politics until 2010; however, the party lost much of its popular support as a result of the Őszöd speech, the consequent 2006 protests in Hungary, and then the 2008 financial crisis. Following the 2010 election, MSZP became the largest opposition party in parliament, a position it held until 2018, when it was overtaken by the far-right-turned-centre-right Jobbik.
PHAR (file format)
In software, a PHAR (PHP Archive) file is a package format to enable distribution of applications and libraries by bundling many PHP code files and other resources (e.g. images, stylesheets, etc.) into a single archive file.

PHAR files may be in one of three formats: tar, and ZIP, which are compatible with their respective tooling, and a custom PHAR format. Regardless of the format used, all PHAR files use the .phar file extension. Tar and Zip format archives may be created and unpacked using standard tar and zip utilities, while the PHAR format requires custom PHP code using the PHAR extension for PHP, or the PEAR PHP_Archive package.

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.
Zecily Fung
Zecily Fung (born 1 October 2001) is an Australian badminton player who competes in international level events. She was a bronze medalist at the 2018 Oceania Badminton Championships in Hamilton, New Zealand, she has also represented Australia at the 2018 BWF World Junior Championships and the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics where she won the bronze medal in the mixed team event.

At the age of 16, she was ranked the number 1 junior in Oceania. Her parents are from Hong Kong.

2018 BWF World Junior Championships
The 2018 BWF World Junior Championships (officially known as the Li-Ning BWF World Junior Championships 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was the twentieth edition of the BWF World Junior Championships. It was held in Markham, Canada at Markham Pan Am Centre from 5 to 18 November 2018. This was the second time Canada had hosted the Badminton World Junior Championships.
Benkyo Tamaoki
Benkyo Tamaoki (玉置勉強, Tamaoki Benkyō) is a Japanese manga artist. He was born in Shinjuku. His books The Sex Philes, Blood the Last Vampire 2000, and Tokyo Akazukin have all been translated into English (although one of these is a fan translation).

Shinjuku
Shinjuku (Japanese: 新宿区, Hepburn: Shinjuku-ku; IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ⓘ), officially called Shinjuku City, is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo.

Since the end of World War II, Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo (fukutoshin), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi. Today, it is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the busiest railway station in the world (Shinjuku Station) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

As of 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 355,981, living in a total area of 18.23 km2.