hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ephrin A1
Ephrin A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNA1 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin which binds to the EPHA2, EPHA4, EPHA5, EPHA6, and EPHA7 receptors. Two transcript variants that encode different isoforms were identified through sequence analysis.

Receptor tyrosine kinase
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Of the 90 unique tyrosine kinase genes identified in the human genome, 58 encode receptor tyrosine kinase proteins.
Receptor tyrosine kinases have been shown not only to be key regulators of normal cellular processes but also to have a critical role in the development and progression of many types of cancer. Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases lead to activation of a series of signalling cascades which have numerous effects on protein expression. The receptors are generally activated by dimerization and substrate presentation. Receptor tyrosine kinases are part of the larger family of protein tyrosine kinases, encompassing the receptor tyrosine kinase proteins which contain a transmembrane domain, as well as the non-receptor tyrosine kinases which do not possess transmembrane domains.
Copernicus Publications
Copernicus Publications (also: Copernicus GmbH) is a publisher of scientific literature based in Göttingen, Germany. Founded in 1994, Copernicus Publications currently publishes 28 peer-reviewed open access scientific journals and other publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

Copernicus Publications is part of the open-access publishing movement. Initially, the CC BY-NC was used. In 2007, they switched to the CC BY attribution license. Copernicus Publications has been described as the largest open access publisher in the Geo- and Earth system sciences, and it is known as one of the first publishers to embrace public peer review.

In 2014, after less than a year of publication, Copernius terminated publication of the Pattern Recognition in Physics journal, following allegations of nepotistic reviewing and malpractice; see Pattern Recognition in Physics#History for details.

Creative Commons NonCommercial license
A Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC NC, CC BY-NC or NC license) is a Creative Commons license which a copyright holder can apply to their media to give public permission for anyone to reuse that media only for noncommercial activities. Creative Commons is an organization which develops a variety of public copyright licenses, and the "noncommercial" licenses are a subset of these. Unlike the CC0, CC BY, and CC BY-SA licenses, the CC BY-NC license is considered non-free.

A challenge with using these licenses is determining what noncommercial use is.
Juan Miguel Torres
Juan Miguel Torres (born: 26 February 1968) is a sailor from the Philippines. who represented his country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain as crew member in the Soling. With helmsman Mario Almario and fellow crew member Teodorico Asejo they took the 24th place.

Sailing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Soling
The Soling Competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics was held from 27 July to 4 August 1992 in Barcelona, Spain. The competition was for the first time in a combined format. First the competitors had to sail a series of six fleet races. Points were awarded for placement in each race. The best five out of six race scores counted for placement in the match race series. After the fleetraces the top 6 placed boats sailed a round-robin series of match races. After the round-robin the best four proceeded to the semi-finals. Here the boat placed 1st met the boat placed 4th and the boat placed 2nd met the boat placed 3rd in a best out of three series of match races. Finally the winners of the semi-finals met in the final best out of three match races. The losers of the semi-finals also met in a best out of three series of matches for the bronze medal.
Socrates Drank the Conium (album)
Socrates Drank the Conium was the 1971 debut album of the Greek rock band of the same name.  It has more psychedelic- and blues-influenced tracks than their following albums.  The work on this album is similar to that of musicians like Jimi Hendrix and Eric Clapton.

Rock music in Greece
Rock and roll entered Greece in the middle of the 1960s. Greek rock performers in the field include Pavlos Sidiropoulos, Dimitris Poulikakos.
Greek rock bands well known globally are Aphrodite's Child, Socrates Drank the Conium and The Last Drive.
Lectionary 72
Lectionary 72 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. It is designated by siglum ℓ 72 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). Palaeographically it has been assigned to the year 13th-century.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
5th Canadian Parliament
The 5th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 February 1883, until 15 January 1887 (3 years and 341 days). The membership was set by the 1882 federal election on 20 June 1882. It was dissolved prior to the 1887 election. The 5th Canadian Parliament was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 3rd Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Edward Blake.

The Speaker was George Airey Kirkpatrick. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1882-1887 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 5th Parliament:

Legislative session
A legislative session is the period of time in which a legislature, in both parliamentary and presidential systems, is convened for purpose of lawmaking, usually being one of two or more smaller divisions of the entire time between two elections. A session may last for the full term of the legislature or the term may consist of a number of sessions. These may be of fixed duration, such as a year, or may be determined by the party in power. In some countries, a session of the legislature is brought to an end by an official act of prorogation, in others by a motion to adjourn sine die. In either event, the close of a session generally brings an end to all unpassed bills in the legislature, which would have to be introduced anew to continue debate in the following session.
True Believer (film)
True Believer (also released as Fighting Justice) is a 1989 American neo noir courtroom drama directed by Joseph Ruben, written by Wesley Strick, and starring James Woods, Robert Downey Jr., Yuji Okumoto, Margaret Colin, and Kurtwood Smith.

The film is loosely based on an investigative series of articles written by Pulitzer Prize-nominated journalist K. W. Lee on the wrongful conviction of immigrant Chol Soo Lee for a 1973 San Francisco Chinatown gangland murder. The news coverage led to a new trial, eventual acquittal and release of the prisoner from San Quentin's Death Row. Strick based the character of Eddie Dodd on real-life Bay Area defense attorney Tony Serra.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Colomban MC-30 Luciole
The Colomban MC-30 Luciole (English: Firefly) is an ultra-lightweight plans-built single-seat low-wing tail-dragger monoplane, designed by the French aeronautical engineer Michel Colomban, creator of the tiny single-seat Colomban Cri-cri twin-engined aircraft and the MC-100 Ban-Bi two-seat aircraft.

The aircraft is supplied as plans for amateur construction.

Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft (in which a rotor mounted on a spinning shaft generates lift), and ornithopters (in which the wings oscillate to generate lift). The wings of a fixed-wing aircraft are not necessarily rigid; kites, hang gliders, variable-sweep wing aircraft, and airplanes that use wing morphing are all classified as fixed wing.

Gliding fixed-wing aircraft, including free-flying gliders and tethered kites, can use moving air to gain altitude. Powered fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes) that gain forward thrust from an engine include powered paragliders, powered hang gliders and ground effect vehicles. Most fixed-wing aircraft are operated by a pilot, but some are unmanned or controlled remotely or are completely autonomous (no remote pilot).
Bramley Training Area
Bramley Training Area is a British Army training camp, located south of the village of Bramley, Hampshire. Opened during World War I as an ammunition depot, the site now comprises a field training area and an Army Reserve Centre at Lapraik House, the base for C Squadron, 21 Special Air Service.

Bramley, Hampshire
Bramley is a village and parish in Hampshire, England. In the 2001 census it had a population of 3,348. It has a village shop, bakery, estate agency, pub (The Bramley Inn, opened in 1897 as The Six Bells) and a railway station.  Also, Bramley Camp houses an Army facility where military training and manoeuvres take place.
2000 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
The 2000 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 7, 2000, and was part of the 2000 United States presidential election. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Oklahoma was won by the Republican Party candidate, Texas Governor George W. Bush with a 21.88% margin of victory. Through the 2024 US presidential election, this is the last time that the Republican presidential nominee failed to win all 77 counties in Oklahoma; as a result, this is the last time the Democratic nominee won the following counties: Ottawa, Cherokee, Muskogee, Okmulgee, McIntosh, Hughes, Haskell, Latimer, and Choctaw. This was also the last time until 2016 that any third-party candidates were granted ballot access in Oklahoma and the last time until 2020 that any county was won by only a plurality.

Cherokee County, Oklahoma
Cherokee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 47,078. Its county seat is Tahlequah, which is also the capital of the Cherokee Nation.

Cherokee County comprises the Tahlequah, OK micropolitan statistical area.
Hermann von Stein (1854–1927)
Hermann Christlieb Matthäus Stein, from 1913 von Stein (13 September 1854, in Wedderstedt – 26 May 1927, in Kloster Lehnin) was a Prussian officer,  General of the Artillery and Minister of War during World War I. He was a recipient of Pour le Mérite.

Wedderstedt
Wedderstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛdɐʃtɛt]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Selke-Aue.
Lisa Popeil
Lisa Stephanie Popeil (born February 24, 1956) is an American voice coach, singer, and musician.  She is the creator of the trademarked Voiceworks Method and, as a voice coach, specializes in the pedagogy of vocal styles. She attended the California Institute of the Arts where she earned her BFA in General Music and an MFA in Voice. She also sang backup vocals for the “Weird Al” Yankovic song “Mr Popeil”.

California Institute of the Arts
The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art school in Santa Clarita, California. It was incorporated in 1961 as the first degree-granting institution of higher learning in the US created specifically for students of both the visual and performing arts. It offers Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts degrees.  It is located about 30 miles (48 km) northwest of downtown Los Angeles.

The school was first envisioned by many benefactors in the early 1960s including Nelbert Chouinard, Walt Disney, Lulu Von Hagen, and Thornton Ladd.
C. Maxwell Lane
Charles Maxwell Lane (September 20, 1905 – April 1993) was a Canadian educator, stipendiary magistrate and politician. He represented the electoral districts of White Bay North and Trinity North in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly as a member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador.

The son of Charles and Adelaide Lane, he was born in Salvage and was educated at Bishop Feild College and Memorial University. Lane married Hilda Eliza Eugenie Wareham; the couple had three children. He served as a magistrate from 1940 to 1951. He was the first general secretary of the Newfoundland Federation of Fishermen, also serving as chair. In 1959, he was chosen as president of the government-sponsored Newfoundland Brotherhood of Woodworkers. Lane served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Public Welfare, Minister of Fisheries and Mines and Minister of Agriculture and Resources. He retired from politics in 1971.

He died in St. John's in 1993.

Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador
The Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador is a political party in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is one of the three parties currently represented in the  Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly, and one of two that had continual representation since Newfoundland became a province of Canada. It has formed the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador for over 60% of time period since Newfoundland joined the Canadian Confederation as its tenth provinces in 1949 and produced eight of the province's fifteen premiers.
Owuor Arunga
Owuor Arunga is a jazz trumpeter.

He was born in Kisumu in Kenya and moved to New York in the early 2000s, where he studied in The New School's Jazz & Contemporary Music Program. Some of the artist he's played amongst or apprenticed with include Charlie Persip, Candido Camero, Billy Bang, The Cadillacs, Robert Glasper, Louis Reyes Rivera, Olu Dara, Jimmy Owens, and Chico Freeman. In 2005 he recorded with Ahmed Abdullah. He was given the nickname of 'The Pied Piper' by his elder musicians.

Arunga has also played with Seattle hip hop acts including Macklemore (The Heist), The Physics, and Black Stax.

From his origin as a member of the Garfield High School Jazz Band, Owuor has since played around the United States and toured around the world, including Canada, Europe and South Africa.

Jimmy Owens (musician)
Jimmy Owens (born December 9, 1943) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, arranger, lecturer, and educator. He has played with Lionel Hampton, Charles Mingus, Hank Crawford, Dizzy Gillespie, Count Basie, Herbie Mann, among many others. Since 1969, he has led his own group, Jimmy Owens Plus.
Abram Glenn House
The Abram Glenn House is a property in Triune, Tennessee that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.  It dates from c.1815.

The NRHP-eligibility of the property was covered in a 1988 study of Williamson County historical resources.

The log house consists of two single pen log structures joined by a frame breezeway.  One of the pens is two-stories tall and was built c.1815;  the second pen, a kitchen with half dovetail notching, was added c.1825.  What was an open breezeway was enclosed c.1880, at the same time as the log pens were covered with weatherboard.

Log house
A log house, or log building, is a structure built with horizontal logs interlocked at the corners by notching. Logs may be round, squared or hewn to other shapes, either handcrafted or milled. The term "log cabin" generally refers to a smaller, more rustic log house, such as a hunting cabin in the woods, that may or may not have electricity or plumbing.
Baykurut
Baykurut Town also Baykurt (بايقۇرۇت يېزىسى / Байқурут / Bayinkuluti simplified Chinese: 巴音库鲁提乡; traditional Chinese: 巴音庫魯提鄉; pinyin: Bāyīnkùlǔtí Xiāng) is a town of Wuqia County in Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Baykurut is located in the central to eastern part of the county. It has 2 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Baykurut Village  (巴音库鲁提村).

Baykurut is located 65 km (40 mi) away northeast of the county seat Wuqia Town and 23 km (14 mi) south of Turugart Port (托帕口岸). It is adjacent to Terak Township in the east, Artux City and Wuqia Town in the south, Toyun Township in the north. It is bordered by the Kyrghyz Republic with a boundary line of 40 kilometers in the west.

Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture
Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in western Xinjiang, China, bordering Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Its capital is Artush. The prefecture is home to 622,222 people (as of 2020) and covers an area of 70,916 km2 (27,381 sq mi). Most Kyrgyz in China reside in Kizilsu; they make up a little over a quarter of the prefecture's population. The Uyghurs are the largest ethnic group in Kizilsu, consisting of nearly two-thirds of the population.
Dmitri Dozortsev
Dmitri Dozortsev is a Russian-American physician, scientist, inventor and researcher. Dozortsev's contributions to research and publications are mostly in the areas of human reproductive medicine and biology. In particular, he is best known for his studies of in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer. Dozortsev currently serves as President of the American College of Embryology, as Director of Omni-Med laboratories, and a consultant to physicians managing complex cases
involving poor egg quality.

Embryo transfer
Embryo transfer (aka ET) refers to a step in the process of assisted reproduction in which embryos are placed into the uterus of a female with the intent to establish a pregnancy. This technique - which is often used in connection with in vitro fertilization (IVF) - may be used in humans or in other animals, in which situations and goals may vary.

Embryo transfer can be done at day two or day three, or later in the blastocyst stage, which was first performed in 1984.

Factors that can affect the success of embryo transfer include the endometrial receptivity, embryo quality, and embryo transfer technique.
Nithiwat Wannasiri
Nithiwat Wannasiri (Thai: นิธิวัต วรรณศิริ; October 18, 1986 –), widely known by his nickname "Jom" (จอม) or "Jom Faiyen" (จอม ไฟเย็น), is a Thai political activist, singer, and musician. He is a prominent member and lead vocalist of the band "Faiyen" (ไฟเย็น), a hybrid political band blending pop, rock, luk thung, and phleng phuea chiwit (songs for life) styles. The band is recognized for its outspoken criticism of military dictatorship, Thai politics, and the monarchy content that has led to severe legal and personal risks for its members. He is currently De facto Deputy Leader of Faiyen and Organization for Thai Federation since 22 March 2022.

Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship where supreme power is held and exercised by the armed forces. Military dictatorships are usually led by the commander-in-chief of the military or the leading figure in military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary.

Modern military dictatorship developed in Latin America during the 19th century, and it expanded in Europe during the early-20th century. It saw a resurgence during the Cold War, and new military dictatorships were established in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in the 1960s. Some scholars have asserted that the number of military dictatorships has declined since the end of the Cold War.
NGC 1288
NGC 1288 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy located about 196 million light years away in the constellation Fornax. In the nineteenth century, English astronomer John Herschel described it as "very faint, large, round, very gradually little brighter middle." The morphological classification of SABc(rs) indicates weak bar structure across the nucleus (SAB), an incomplete inner ring orbiting outside the bar (rs), and the multiple spiral arms are moderately wound (c). The spiral arms branch at intervals of 120° at a radius of 30″ from the nucleus. The galaxy is most likely surrounded by a dark matter halo, giving it a mass-to-light ratio of 14 M☉/L☉.

On July 17, 2006, a supernova with a magnitude of 16.1 was imaged in this galaxy from Pretoria, South Africa, at 12″ east and 2″ of the galactic core. Designated SN 2006dr, it was determined to be a type Ia supernova.

Intermediate spiral galaxy
An intermediate spiral galaxy is a galaxy that is in between the classifications of a barred spiral galaxy and an unbarred spiral galaxy. It is designated as SAB in the galaxy morphological classification system devised by Gerard de Vaucouleurs, and is also known as a weakly barred spiral galaxy. Subtypes are labeled as SAB0, SABa, SABb, or SABc, following a sequence analogous to the Hubble sequence for barred and unbarred spirals. The subtype (0, a, b, or c) is based on the relative prominence of the central bulge and how tightly wound the spiral arms are.
Capturez un Marsupilami
Capturez un Marsupilami!, written and drawn by André Franquin, is a comic album containing the adventures and short gags of the Marsupilami. Although not collected in one album until 2002, the contents are the earliest works of the original artist, from publications in Risque Tout and Spirou magazine, and therefore given the number 0 in the series of Marsupilami albums.

Spirou (magazine)
Spirou (French: Le Journal de Spirou) is a weekly Belgian comics magazine published by the Dupuis company since April 21, 1938. It is an anthology magazine with new features appearing regularly, containing a mix of short humor strips and serialized features, of which the most popular series would be collected as albums by Dupuis afterwards.
Birkenhead, South Africa
Birkenhead is a settlement in Overberg District Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa.  It is located on the Danger Point Peninsula (Birkenhead Peninsula) on the southern side of Walker Bay. It is in Ward 14 of Overstrand Local Municipality.

Overberg District Municipality
The Overberg District Municipality (Afrikaans: Overberg-distriksmunisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Overberg) is a district municipality that governs the Overberg region in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is divided into four local municipalities and includes the major towns of Grabouw, Caledon, Hermanus, Bredasdorp and Swellendam. The municipal area covers 12,241 square kilometres (4,726 sq mi) and had in 2007 an estimated population of 212,787 people in 60,056 households.