hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magnus Lidén
Magnus Lidén (born 1951) is a Swedish systematic botanist.

Lidén received a PhD in systematic botany from University of Gothenburg in 1986, where he stayed until 1997. He was the director of the Uppsala Botanic Gardens from 1998 – 2003. Since 2004, he has been a researcher at the department of Systematic Biology at the Evolutionary Biology Center of Uppsala University.

Lidén is best known for his studies on the plant family Fumariaceae (the bleeding heart family), and the genus Dionysia (cushion primroses). His research has taken him to the Mediterranean, Central Asia, Iran, and the Sino-Himalayan area (southwest China and northeast India).

Lidén has also worked on species concepts, evolutionary ontology, and biological nomenclature.

The standard author abbreviation Lidén is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Fumarioideae
Fumarioideae is a subfamily of the family Papaveraceae (the poppy family). It was formerly treated as a separate family, the Fumariaceae (the fumitory, fumewort or bleeding-heart family). It consists of about 575 species of herbaceous plants in 20 genera, native to the Northern Hemisphere and South Africa. The largest genus is Corydalis (with 470 species).
Gasman (1998 film)
Gasman is a 1998 Scottish short film written and directed by Lynne Ramsay. Set in the 1970s, it stars Ramsay's niece and namesake Lynne Ramsay Jr. as Lynne, a young girl who discovers her father's not-so-secret infidelity at a Christmas party. The film is filmed and set in Glasgow. Gasman received critical attention and premiered at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival where it received the Short Film Palme d'Or. It also received the BAFTA Award for Best Short Film nomination.

It is available on the Cinema 16: British Short Films and Cinema 16: European Short Films (US Special Edition) DVDs, and as a bonus feature on the Ratcatcher DVD in the UK and the US.

Short Film Palme d'Or
The Short Film Palme d'Or (French: Palme d'Or du court métrage) is the highest prize given to a short film at the Cannes Film Festival. Since the creation of the Cinéfondation section in 1998, a common Official Jury awards  the Short Film Palme d'Or as well as the prizes for the three best films of the Cinéfondation.

From 1952 to 1954 and from 1964 to 1974, the highest prize of the year for a short film was awarded as the Grand Prix du Festival International du Film, commonly referred to as Grand Prix. It was then in 1975 that the "Palme d'Or was reintroduced and became the enduring symbol of the Festival de Cannes."
Agara Lake
Agara lake is an 80-acre lake located in Agara, Bangalore. It is part of the Varthur lake series. Madiwala Lake is upstream while Bellandur Lake is downstream. Inter-lake connections have seen fragmentation and urbanisation.

Agara Lake is one of the most well maintained lakes of Bangalore. At the inflow end there is a partitioned constructed wetland and a sediment basin with a sluice. The lake is surrounded by a walking and cycling track. There is a park at the north end. An immersion tank has been built here. A storm water drain or rajakaluve flows immediately alongside the lake on its left side. The lake is surrounded by roads on all sides.

Agara, Bengaluru
Agara, Bengaluru is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Bangalore South taluk of Bangalore Urban district in Karnataka, on Outer Ring Road, near Koramangala and HSR Layout. The Agara Bus Stop connects Koramangla with ITPL, Varthur, etc. Agara is notable for the Agara lake, as well as for being a locus of spiritual sites, containing temples dedicated to Shri Jagannatha, Shri Hanuman, Shri Ram and Sita as well as Radha-Krishna, Shiva-Parvati, Ayyapa, Durga Parmeshwari and Shri Lakshmi, as well as a Sunni mosque. The Abhayanjaneya Temple is particularly well known for its colossal statue of Hanuman which, remarkably, stands right next to the mosque. After winning the Shrirangapattan war, the British moved their army to Bangalore. During the British period, it was one of the biggest army cantonments in South Asia. Madras Engineer Groups operated from Agara.
2022 Prague Open
The 2022 Prague Open (branded as the 2022 Livesport Prague Open for sponsorship reasons) was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the TK Sparta Prague. It was the 13th (WTA and non-WTA) edition of the tournament and part of the 2022 WTA Tour, classified as a WTA 250 tournament. It took place in Prague, Czech Republic from 25 to 31 July 2022. This was the second edition of the tournament held on outdoor hard courts, as opposed to clay courts in previous editions.

Barbora Palicová
Barbora Palicová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbarbora ˈpalɪtsovaː]; born 11 March 2004) is a Czech tennis player. She has a career-high WTA ranking of 171 in singles, achieved on 16 June 2025.

Palicová made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2021 Prague Open, where she received a wildcard into the doubles tournament. She made her singles main-draw debut at the 2022 Prague Open, losing in the first round to Lucie Havlíčková. Given a wildcard entry into the 2025 Prague Open, Palicová defeated Priscilla Hon for her first WTA Tour main-draw win, before losing to Jessika Ponchet in the second round.
Fruitcrow
The fruitcrows are several species of birds in the Cotinga family:

Genus Gymnoderus.
Bare-necked fruitcrow (Gymnoderus foetidus).

Genus Haematoderus.
Crimson fruitcrow (Haematoderus militaris).

Genus Querula.
Purple-throated fruitcrow (Querula purpurata).

Genus Pyroderus.
Red-ruffed fruitcrow (Pyroderus scutatus).

Cotinga
The cotingas are a large family, Cotingidae, of suboscine passerine birds found in Central America and tropical South America. Cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges, that are primary frugivorous. They all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. They range in size from 12–13 cm (4.7–5.1 in) of the fiery-throated fruiteater (Pipreola chlorolepidota) up to 48–51 cm (19–20 in) of the Amazonian umbrellabird (Cephalopterus ornatus).
Lego Trolls World Tour
Lego Trolls World Tour (stylized as LEGO Trolls World Tour) is a discontinued Lego theme based on the film of the same name created by Thomas Dam. It is licensed by Universal Pictures and DreamWorks Animation. The theme was introduced in January 2020 and was discontinued by the end of July 2021.

Thomas Dam
Thomas Dam (15 May 1915 – 12 November 1989) was a Danish designer associated with Gjøl in Denmark. Dam designed and invented the original troll doll also known as the "Good Luck Troll". He created the toy during a period of financial distress, and carved it from wood. Soon, the family had started up a new business and Dam earned enough to buy himself a small factory where the dolls were produced in plastic. Dam created many different trolls as well as plastic baby dolls. Dam formed "Dam Things" to market the dolls. Dam trolls are now considered collector's items. The Victoria and Albert Museum of London have one in their collection.
Seend Cleeve Quarry
Seend Cleeve Quarry (grid reference ST933609) is a 7.5 acres (3.0 ha) Geological Site of Special Scientific Interest at Seend Cleeve, Wiltshire, England, notified in 1987. It is important for its strata from the Oxfordian stage of the Jurassic period, containing fossil ammonites and bivalves which aid stratigraphy.

The site was an iron ore quarry between the middle of the 19th century and the 1960s, and in the 19th century Seend Iron Works was nearby. None of these facilities have been preserved; the site is now pasture.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
Čelje
Čelje (pronounced [ˈtʃeːljɛ]; German: Tschelje; Italian: Ceglie [ˈtʃɛʎʎe]) is a small village in the hills southwest of Prem, in the Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica, in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

The local church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Jerome and belongs to the Parish of Prem.

Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica
The Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica (pronounced [iˈliːɾska ˈbiːstɾitsa] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Ilirska Bistrica) is a municipality in Slovenia. It belongs to the traditional region of Inner Carniola. The seat of the municipality is the town of Ilirska Bistrica.

The current municipality was established on 3 October 1994 from the former Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica without territorial changes. It borders Croatia.
HMS Corso
Two vessels of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Corso:

HMS Corso (1796) was a Spanish brig-sloop that HMS Southampton captured on 12 February 1796. She was on harbour duty from March 1803. The Navy sold her on 1 September 1814.

HMS Corso was a C-class destroyer of the Royal Navy, ordered as Corso during the Second World War, and was built by John I. Thornycroft & Company, Southampton. She was launched on 14 May 1945, renamed HMS Concord in June 1946, and commissioned on 20 December 1946. In 1949, she was involved in the Amethyst Incident. She was withdrawn from active service in 1957; following decommissioning she was attached to HMS Caledonia at Rosyth as a static training ship. She was broken up in October 1962.

C-class destroyer (1943)
The C class was a class of 32 destroyers of the Royal Navy that were launched from 1943 to 1945. The class was built in four flotillas of 8 vessels, the "Ca", "Ch", "Co" and "Cr" groups or sub-classes, ordered as the 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th Emergency Flotillas respectively. The sub-class names are derived from the initial 2 letters of the member ships' names, although the "Ca" class were originally ordered with a heterogeneous mix of traditional destroyer names. A fifth flotilla, the "Ce" or 15th Emergency Flotilla, was planned but were cancelled in favour of the Weapon-class destroyers after only the first two ships had been ordered. The pennant numbers were all altered from "R" superior to "D" superior at the close of World War II; this involved some renumbering to avoid duplications.
Charlotte (EP)
Charlotte is the second extended play by American singer-songwriter Charlotte Lawrence. It was released on March 5, 2021, via Atlantic Records. The album features two singles: "Talk You Down," released on January 8, 2021, as the lead single, and "You," released on March 1, 2021.

Andrew Watt
Andrew Wotman (born October 20, 1990), known professionally as Andrew Watt or mononymously as Watt, is an American record producer, songwriter and musician from Great Neck, New York. As a songwriter, he signs Wotman, while as a producer he signs Watt.

Watt is a three-time Grammy Award winner, including the 2021 Grammy Award for Producer of the Year; in 2025, he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Song for co-writing "Never Too Late" from the Elton John documentary of the same name.

Through his career, he has produced for Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga, Post Malone, Miley Cyrus, Elton John, Brandi Carlile, Demi Lovato, the Rolling Stones, Ozzy Osbourne, Pearl Jam, Iggy Pop, Charlotte Lawrence and many others. Watt is also the guitarist of the Earthlings, the backing band for Eddie Vedder's solo performances.
Gethyllis spiralis
Gethyllis spiralis, commonly called koekmakranka, is a bulbous plant endemic to the Sandveld of the Cape Province of South Africa. It is much sought after for its enticingly scented fruit that it bears underground. It is recognisable by its spiralling grey-green strap-like leaves.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Marco Zaninelli
Marco Zaninelli (born 25 April 1977) is an Italian former footballer.

Zaninelli had spent most of his career in Italian lower divisions, especially in Lega Pro. Zaninelli also played in Serie B from 2004 until 2009.

Promozione
The Promozione ([promotˈtsjoːne], "promotion") is the sixth level in the Italian football league system.  Each individual league winner within the Promozione level progresses to their closest regional league in the Eccellenza level.  Depending on each league's local rules, a number of teams each year are relegated from each league, to the 7th level of Italian football, the Prima Categoria. This level of Italian football is completely amateur and is run on a regional level.
Nine Maidens stone circle
The Nine Maidens, also known as the Seventeen Brothers, is a Bronze Age stone circle located near the village of Belstone on Dartmoor in Devon, England. The stone circle functioned as a burial chamber, although the cairn has since been robbed and the cist, known locally as a kistvaen, destroyed.

Cairn
A cairn is a human-made pile (or stack) of stones raised for a purpose, usually as a marker or as a burial mound. The word cairn comes from the Irish: carn [ˈkʰaːrˠn̪ˠ] (plural cairn [ˈkʰaːrˠɲ]).

Cairns have been and are used for a broad variety of purposes. In prehistory, they were raised as markers, as memorials and as burial monuments, some of which contained chambers.

In the modern era, cairns are often raised as landmarks, especially to mark the summits of mountains, and as trail markers. They vary in size from small piles of stones to entire artificial hills, and in complexity from loose conical rock piles to elaborate megalithic structures. Cairns may be painted or otherwise decorated, whether for increased visibility or for religious reasons.
José Barreira Soares
José Barreira Soares (born 24 August 1976) is a Portuguese politician serving as a member of the Assembly of the Republic since 2024. He has been a municipal councillor of Vila Franca de Xira since 2021.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
May 1 Stadium (Slatina)
The May 1 Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Slatina, Olt County and is currently used mostly for football matches, being the home ground of CSM Slatina since 2017. In the past it was also the home ground of Oltul Slatina and Inter Olt Slatina. It can accommodate 10,000 spectators (6,500 on seats).

The stadium is planned to be demolished for a new modern arena. CSM Slatina will use an alternate venue during construction.

Slatina, Romania
Slatina (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈslatina], Bulgarian: Слатина) is the capital city of Olt County, Romania, on the river Olt. It is located in the south of Romania, on the eastern side of the river Olt, in the historical region of Muntenia. The population was 63,487 in 2021; the urban area has around 85,000 inhabitants. It is an important industrial center.

The city administers one village, Cireașov.
Loxostegopsis polle
Loxostegopsis polle is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1917. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Wyoming and Alberta. The habitat consist of short grass prairie. Adults have been recorded from May to June and in September.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
Georgi Nemsadze
Georgi Nemsadze (born 10 May 1972) is a Georgian former professional football midfielder and manager. In addition to Georgian teams, he played for many European clubs such as Trabzonspor, Grasshoppers, Reggiana and Dundee.

Nemsadze is revered and beloved by Dundee fans for his football ability and consistently good form while at the club. He received numerous praise from independent Scottish football pundits and journalists; Nemsadze also received plaudits from opposition fans in retrospect.

He played for the Georgia national team between 1992 and 2004, and was capped 69 times.

Nemsadze was inducted into the Dundee Hall of Fame, and received the International Award, in 2010.

He played for Dundee in the 2015 Julián Speroni testimonial versus Crystal Palace at Selhurst Park in London.

In July 2021, Nemsadze quit football and joined politics as a candidate of the ruling party in the municipal elections.

Selhurst Park
Selhurst Park is a football stadium in Selhurst, in the London Borough of Croydon, England. It serves as the home ground of Premier League club Crystal Palace. The stadium was designed by Archibald Leitch and opened in 1924. It has hosted international football, as well as games for the 1948 Summer Olympics. It was shared by Charlton Athletic from 1985 to 1991 and Wimbledon from 1991 to 2003.
Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe
Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe: Transatlantic Relations After the Iraq War documents for Anglophone readers the debate that took place among a number of European intellectuals in response to the manifesto by Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida calling for Europe to come together around a common foreign and security policy to provide a counterweight to the "hegemonic unilateralism" of the United States.  The book was first published in 2005 by Verso Books. The book was edited by Daniel Levy, Max Pensky, and John Torpey; contributors include Umberto Eco, Susan Sontag, Richard Rorty, Timothy Garton Ash, Ralf Dahrendorf, Gianni Vattimo, Adam Krzemiński, and many others.

Susan Sontag
Susan Lee Sontag (/ˈsɒntæɡ/; January 16, 1933 – December 28, 2004) was an American writer and critic. She mostly wrote essays, but also published novels; she published her first major work, the essay "Notes on 'Camp' ", in 1964. Her best-known works include the critical works Against Interpretation (1966), On Photography (1977), Illness as Metaphor (1978) and Regarding the Pain of Others (2003), the short story "The Way We Live Now" (1986) and the novels The Volcano Lover (1992) and In America (1999).

Sontag was active in writing and speaking about, or traveling to, areas of conflict, including during the Vietnam War and the Siege of Sarajevo. She wrote extensively about literature, cinema, photography and media, illness, war, human rights, and left-wing politics. Her essays and speeches drew backlash and controversy, and she has been called "one of the most influential critics of her generation".
Must (surname)
Must is an Estonian surname meaning black. Notable people with the surname include:

Aadu Must (1951–2023), Estonian historian and politician

Ivar Must (born 1961), Estonian composer

Kullo Must (1911–1987), Estonian film producer

Mari Must (1920–2008), Estonian linguist

Raul Must (born 1987), Estonian badminton player

Raul Must
Raul Must (born November 9, 1987) is a badminton player from Estonia. He is a four time Olympian representing Estonia at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 2012 London Olympics, 2016 Rio Olympics and also at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
Must was a men's singles bronze medalist at the 2019 Minsk European Games.
Alliance School, Tehran
Alliance school Tehran (Etehad school) was the first Alliance Israélite Universelle school built in Iran. Located in the capital Tehran and founded in 1898, it was the first western style school in Iran, and is still open today.

Alliance organization had a great role in improving the situation of Iranian Jews, thus some Jews regarded its representatives as Messiah (Christ) or the Jews' promised saviour.

Alliance Israélite Universelle
The Alliance israélite universelle (AIU; Hebrew: כל ישראל חברים; transl. "Universal Israelite Alliance") is a Paris-based international Jewish organization founded in 1860 with the purpose of safeguarding human rights for Jews around the world. It promotes the ideals of Jewish self-defense and self-sufficiency through education and professional development. The organization is noted for establishing French-language schools for Jewish children throughout the Mediterranean, Iran, and the former Ottoman Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

The motto of the organization is the Jewish rabbinic injunction kol yisrael arevim ze laze (כל ישראל ערבים זה לזה), translated into French as tous les israélites sont solidaires les uns des autres (transl. "all Jews are responsible for one another").
Mundell
Mundell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Mundell (born 1962), politician

Ed Mundell, guitarist

Hugh Mundell (1962–1983), singer

James Mundell (died 1762), educator

Marc Mundell (born 1983), race walker

Oliver Mundell, politician

Robert Mundell (1932–2021), economist

Tom Mundell, better known as Metrik, electronic music producer

William D. Mundell (1912–1997), poet

William Mundell, politician

William Richard Mundell, military officer

James Mundell
James Mundell (died 1762) was a Scottish educator. He founded and ran the exclusive Mr Mundell's school in the West Bow of Edinburgh, from 1735 to 1762.

He was uncle of Robert Mundell, rector of Wallace Hall, which adapted the teaching methods of Mundell's Edinburgh school.
Sky Bar
Sky Bar is an American candy bar introduced by Necco in 1938, discontinued in 2018 upon Necco's bankruptcy, and reintroduced in 2019 by the Sky Bar Confectionary Company. Each Sky Bar has four sections, each with a different filling—caramel, vanilla, peanut, and fudge—all covered in milk chocolate.

Candy bar
A candy bar is a type of portable candy that is in the shape of a bar.

Many varieties of candy bars exist, and many are mass-produced. Between World War I and the middle of the 20th century, approximately 40,000 brands of candy bars were introduced.
Isaacs Creek (Virginia)
Isaacs Creek is a 15.0-mile-long (24.1 km) tributary stream of Back Creek in Frederick County, Virginia. Isaacs Creek rises on Timber Ridge at the boundary line with Hampshire County, West Virginia, and flows into Back Creek at Grave Hill shortly before Back Creek's confluence with Hogue Creek. The stream is dammed (along with Yeiders Run and other small streams) to create Lake Holiday.

Timber Ridge
Timber Ridge is a mountain ridge of the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians straddling the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. Timber Ridge extends from the forks of Sleepy Creek at Stotlers Crossroads in Morgan County, West Virginia, to Lehew in Hampshire County, West Virginia. The ridge is predominantly forested, as its name suggests, with the exception of a number of orchards and open fields. From WV 127/VA 127 at Good to Lehew, Timber Ridge serves as the boundary line between Hampshire County, West Virginia, and Frederick County, Virginia.