hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philosophy of Arithmetic
Philosophy of Arithmetic: Psychological and Logical Investigations (German: Philosophie der Arithmetik. Psychologische und logische Untersuchungen) is an 1891 book about the philosophy of mathematics by the philosopher Edmund Husserl. Husserl's first published book, it is a synthesis of his studies in mathematics, under Karl Weierstrass, with his studies in philosophy and psychology, under Franz Brentano, to whom it is dedicated, and Carl Stumpf.

Franz Brentano
Franz Clemens Honoratus Hermann Josef Brentano (/brɛnˈtɑːnoʊ/; German: [bʁɛnˈtaːno]; 16 January 1838 – 17 March 1917) was a German philosopher and psychologist. His 1874 Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint, considered his magnum opus, is credited with having reintroduced the medieval scholastic concept of intentionality into contemporary philosophy.

Originally a Catholic priest, Brentano withdrew from the priesthood in 1873 due to the dogmatic definition of papal infallibility in Pastor aeternus. Working subsequently as a non-denominational professor, his teaching triggered research in a wide array of fields such as linguistics, logic, mathematics and experimental psychology through the young generation of philosophers who were gathered as the School of Brentano.
Hilton Nedd
Hilton Hensley Nedd (date of birth unknown) is a former Grenadian cricketer who played for the Windward Islands and Combined Islands in West Indian domestic cricket. He played as a middle-order batsman.

Nedd made his first-class debut in January 1970, playing for the Windward Islands in a friendly fixture against the Leeward Islands. Batting seventh in his team's first innings, he scored 96 not out, the highest score of the match. The following month, Nedd was selected to play a game for the Combined Islands against Barbados, as part of the 1969–70 Shell Shield season. He was not as successful as on his debut, scoring six runs in the first innings and a duck in the second. Nedd's only other first-class match came at the end of February 1970, when he represented the Windwards a touring English team (the Duke of Norfolk's XI). However, he continued to play for the Grenadian national team for several more years, at inter-island level.

Combined Islands cricket team
The Combined Islands cricket team was a cricket team that represented the cricket-playing islands of the Lesser Antilles, excluding Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago who fielded their own teams. They played in 13 Shell Shield tournaments from 1965–66 to 1980–81, when they won their first title and were subsequently disbanded into Leeward Islands and Windward Islands. Those two teams had first-class status before 1980–81, but competed together in the Shell Shield.
DJMax Portable Hot Tunes
DJMax Portable: Hot Tunes (Korean: 디제이맥스 포터블 핫튠즈; Japanese: DJマックス ホットチューンズ) is an action-rhythm video game for the PlayStation Portable published and developed by Pentavision. It is a compilation of the DJMax Portable and DJMax Portable 2 games. The game is intended to be beginner-friendly and Pentavision stated that players who have never played the DJMax series would find it easy to play. It also has been specifically designed for a Japanese audience and precautions have been taken in avoiding translation errors. It is the second DJMax game to be formally released in Japan. Hot Tunes is the sixth installment of the DJMax series for the PlayStation Portable platform. Currently only a UMD distribution for the game is available. A total of 2000 limited edition sets was made available. Each package included a wooden case, calendar, original soundtrack and piano collection, and eight mini-posters.

Universal Media Disc
The Universal Media Disc (UMD) is a discontinued optical disc medium developed by Sony for use on its PlayStation Portable handheld gaming and multimedia platform. It can hold up to 1.8 gigabytes of data and is capable of storing video games, feature-length films, and music.
Cracklin' Rosie
"Cracklin' Rosie" is a song written and recorded by Neil Diamond in 1970, with instrumental backing by Los Angeles session musicians from the Wrecking Crew, including Hal Blaine on drums, Larry Knechtel on keyboards, Joe Osborn on bass, Al Casey on guitar and Gene Estes on percussion – arranged by Don Randi. The song was included on Diamond's album Tap Root Manuscript. In October 1970 the song became Diamond's first American No. 1 hit within the Billboard Hot 100, and his third to sell a million copies. It was his breakthrough single on the UK Singles Chart, reaching No. 3 for four weeks in November and December. Billboard ranked the record as the No. 17 song of 1970. It also reached No. 2 on both the Australian and Irish singles charts. Its best performance was in New Zealand, where it stayed at No. 1 for five weeks at the end of the year.

The single version released by Uni Records was in mono, while the album version from Tap Root Manuscript was in stereo.

Joe Osborn
Joe Osborn (August 28, 1937 – December 14, 2018) was an American bass guitar player known for his work as a session musician in Los Angeles with the Wrecking Crew, and in Nashville with the A-Team of studio musicians. He is one of the most recorded bassists of all time.
Rhopalobrachium
Rhopalobrachium was a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae but is no longer recognized. It has been sunk into synonymy with Cyclophyllum. It was originally described by Rudolf Schlechter and Kurt Krause in 1908 to accommodate two New Caledonian species, R. congestum and R. fragrans. No type species was selected.

Kurt Krause
Kurt Krause (April 20, 1883 in Potsdam – November 19, 1963 in Berlin) was a German botanist who wrote 33 articles and five books on the flora and vegetation of Turkey. Between 1933 and 1939, he was a professor of botany at the Ankara Agricultural Institute. Krause retired in 1950.

The standard author abbreviation K.Krause is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Monti Marsicani
The Monti Marsicani (or 'Marsicano',) are the sixth-highest group of Apennines located in the Abruzzo region, mostly in the Province of L’Aquila and partly in the Province of Frosinone and Province of Isernia. The highest peak is Monte Greco (2285m). They are limited in north by the Fucino plateau  and Peligna Valley, on the east by the River Gizio and Altopiano delle Cinque Miglia, on the south by the Valley Sangro and Volturno, on the east by valley Liri and Melfa.

The main feature of this area is the rugged landscape characterized by a wild and well-preserved natural environment with dense forests composed mainly of beech and with the presence of many endangered species. Their survival was possible mainly thanks to the National Park of Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise that protects a huge part of this mountain group.

Province of Isernia
The province of Isernia (Italian: provincia di Isernia) is a province in the Molise region of Italy. The provincial capital is the city Isernia and the president of the province is Alfredo Ricci. The province of Isernia has an area of 1,535.24 square kilometres (592.76 sq mi) and a population of 79,236 inhabitants as of 2024, making it Italy's least populous province. It contains 52 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province, listed at comuni of the province of Isernia.
Legislative districts of Cavite
The legislative districts of Cavite are the representations of the province of Cavite in the various national and local legislatures of the Philippines. At present, the province is represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines by its eight congressional districts, with the districts' representatives being elected every three years. The congressional districts are coextensive with the provincial board districts, where each district is allotted two seats in the Cavite Provincial Board, creating a total of sixteen elective seats in the legislature.

Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.
Herb Welch (baseball)
Herbert M. Welch [Dutch] (October 19, 1898 – April 13, 1967) was an American backup shortstop in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Boston Red Sox during the 1925 season. Listed at 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m), 154 lb., Welch batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Ro Ellen, Tennessee.

In a 13-game career, Welch was a .289 hitter (11-for-38) with two runs, one triple, and two RBI without any home runs.

Welch died at the age of 68 in Memphis, Tennessee.

Dyer County, Tennessee
Dyer County is a county located in the westernmost part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,801. The county seat is Dyersburg. Dyer County comprises the Dyersburg, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Johan Van den Driessche
Johan Van den Driessche (16 June 1953 – 1 February 2025) was a Belgian politician of the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA).

After studying commercial and fiscal sciences at the Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussel, he worked for KPMG and taught part-time at his alma mater. In 2014, he was elected to the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region.

Van den Driessche died in De Panne on 1 February 2025, at the age of 71.

Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region
The Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region (French: Parlement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Dutch: Parlement van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest) is the governing body of the Brussels-Capital Region, one of the three federated regions of Belgium. It is also known as the Brussels Regional Parliament (French: Parlement régional bruxellois; Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Parlement), or simply the Brussels Parliament (French: Parlement bruxellois; Dutch: Brussels Parlement).
Jack Bay State Marine Park
Jack Bay State Marine Park is a 1,544 acre (625 ha) state park in the U.S. state of Alaska near Valdez. The park covers 811 acres and is nestled in Jack Bay, about an hour's boat ride from Valdez. The park is surrounded by steep mountains and a spruce-hemlock forest. There is no road access to the park; the park is only accessible by boat or plane. Popular activities include camping, fishing, kayaking, and wildlife viewing.

The park consists of alder, muskeg, salt marsh and old growth forest of spruce and hemlock.

The park has a 12x14 rustic cabin that sleeps six.

Tsuga
Tsuga (/ˈsuːɡə/, from Japanese 栂 (ツガ), the name of Tsuga sieboldii) is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The English-language common name "hemlock" arose from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant hemlock. Unlike the latter, Tsuga species are not poisonous.

The genus comprises eight to ten species (depending on the authority), with four species occurring in North America and four to six in eastern Asia.
Sergio Corrieri
Sergio Corrieri (2 March 1938 – 29 February 2008) was a Cuban actor. He won the award for Best Actor at the 8th Moscow International Film Festival for his role in The Man from Maisinicu.

Corrieri was born on 2 March 1938. He was centrally involved with the Cuban Institute of Cinematographic Art and Industry (ICAIC) from its foundation in 1959. He was also a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1980, and was made head of culture within the Central Committee in 1987. From 1976 he was also  a deputy to the National Assembly of People's Power, and a member of the Council of State in 1998–2003. Corrieri was president of the Cuban Institute of Friendship with the Peoples (ICAP) from 1990 until his death on the leap day of 2008, two days before his 70th birthday.

Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematográficos
The Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematográficos (ICAIC, Cuban Institute of Cinematographic Art and Industry) was established by the Cuban government in March 1959 after the Cuban Revolution. Its prominent members are Sara Gómez, Tomás Gutiérrez Alea, Julio García Espinosa, Alfredo Guevara and Santiago Álvarez.

The ICAIC is an organization of the film industry to produce, distribute and exhibit films and related work following the Cuban Revolution. Its aim is to use film as a powerful mass communication medium to mobilize and educate people, improve the quality of Cuba films with appreciation among the masses and reach a wide public. Through educating the new generation of young directors, one of its responsibilities is to transform Cuba from a country of cinematic consumption to one of production.
Dalpiazella
Dalpiazella (also spelled Dalpiaziella) is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine eel from the Eocene of Europe. It contains a single species, D. brevicauda, from the late Ypresian-aged Monte Bolca lagerstatten of Italy. It is thought to be closely related to the sympatric genus Paranguilla, with both genera together constituting the family Paranguillidae.

Monte Bolca
45°35′43″N 11°12′36″E﻿ / ﻿45.59528°N 11.21000°E﻿ / 45.59528; 11.21000

Monte Bolca is an Early Eocene-aged geologic site located near Verona, Italy. A Konservat-Lagerstätte, it contains an extremely well-preserved and diverse marine biota, including the most diverse fish fauna of any Cenozoic fossil site, as well as many of the earliest fossil occurrences of modern marine fish groups. It was one of the first fossil sites with high quality preservation known to Europeans, with studies of its biota dating back to the 18th century and earlier, and is still an important source of fossils.
Herbert Gay
Herbert Wimble Gay (January 25, 1909 – May 1979) was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues. The brother of fellow Negro leaguer Willie Gay, Gay played with the Chicago American Giants in 1929 and the Birmingham Black Barons and Baltimore Black Sox in 1930.

Chicago American Giants
The Chicago American Giants were a Chicago-based Negro league baseball team. From 1910 until the mid-1930s, the American Giants were the most dominant team in black baseball. Owned and managed from 1911 to 1926 by player-manager Andrew "Rube" Foster, they were charter members of Foster's Negro National League. The American Giants won five pennants in that league, along with another pennant in the 1932 Negro Southern League and a second-half championship in Gus Greenlee's Negro National League in 1934.
Richard Bangs
Richard Johnston Bangs (born 1950) is an American author and television personality focusing on international travel. He is the host and executive producer of a series of American Public Television specials, including Richard Bangs Quests and Richard Bangs Adventures with Purpose

American Public Television
American Public Television (APT) is an American nonprofit organization and syndicator of programming for public television stations in the United States. It distributes public television programs nationwide for PBS member stations and independent educational stations, as well as the Create and World television networks.
Road 36 (Iran)
Road 36 is a road in eastern Iran. It connects Firuzkuh to Semnan and to Road 81, Damghan–Nain Road. Then it goes through the newly built section between Tarud and Biyarjomand to Bardaskan continuing towards Taybad and Afghanistan's Islam Qala via Torbat-e Heydarieh.

Taybad
Taybad (Persian: تايباد, also romanized as Taīabad, Tāybād, and Tayebad), also known as Tāyebāt and Ţayyebāt, is a city in northeastern of Iran. The city is the Central District of Taybad County, Razavi Khorasan province, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Taybad is placed near the border with Afghanistan.
Rayannapalem
Rayannapalem is a village in Eluru district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Pedavegi mandal of Eluru revenue division, about 11 miles from Eluru. The nearest railway station is POWERPET railway station and ELURU railway station located at a distance of more than 10 Km.

Eluru district
Eluru district is a district in coastal Andhra Region in  the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  Eluru is its administrative headquarters. It is  formed from  from erstwhile West Godavari and  Krishna districts on 4 April 2022. It was restructured on 16 February 2023 with the transfer of Ganapavaram mandal to West Godavari district
Marie Lindqvist
Marie Lindqvist (born 20 November 1970) is a Swedish ballet dancer. She has danced with the Royal Swedish Ballet since 1988, becoming a principal dancer in 1993 and a court danser (hovdansare) in 2004. She retired as an active dancer in February 2014.

Royal Swedish Ballet
The Royal Swedish Ballet (Swedish: Kungliga Baletten) is one of the oldest ballet companies in Europe. Based in Stockholm, Sweden, King Gustav III founded the ballet in 1773 as a part of his national cultural project in response to the French and Italian dominance in this field; he also founded the Royal Swedish Opera and the Royal Dramatic Theatre. All of these were initially located in the old theatre of Bollhuset. The troupe was founded with the opening of the Royal Swedish Opera, which has served as its home since that time.
MTower
mTower, formerly known as PSA Building, is an integrated development in Singapore, comprising a 40-storey office building and a 3-storey retail centre, Alexandra Retail Centre. It is located at Alexandra Road, Singapore. The building also houses Singapore's Ministry of Transport and the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore.

Ministry of Transport (Singapore)
The Ministry of Transport (MOT; Malay: Kementerian Pengangkutan; Chinese: 交通部; Tamil: போக்குவரத்து அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the administration and regulation of land, sea and air transportation in Singapore.
Leonard Kniaseff
Mount Leonard Kniaseff, or simply Leonard Kniaseff (or Leonard Kniazeff), is a stratovolcano between the municipalities of Mabini and Maco in the province of Davao de Oro, island of Mindanao, Philippines.

It has a 2.03-kilometer (1.26 mi) diameter caldera lake called Lake Leonard. Amacan Thermal Area is located 5 aerial kilometer south-southwest of Lake Leonard.

Leonard Kniaseff is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines, part of the Pacific ring of fire.

Mabini, Davao de Oro
Mabini, officially the Municipality of Mabini (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Mabini; Tagalog: Bayan ng Mabini), is a municipality in the province of Davao de Oro, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 43,552.

The municipality is the location of the Mabini Protected Landscape and Seascape. It was formerly known as Cuambog and Doña Alicia.
Bourseiller
Bourseiller is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoine Bourseiller (1930–2013), French comedian and opera and theatre director

Christophe Bourseiller (born 1957), French actor, writer, and journalist

Antoine Bourseiller
Antoine Bourseiller (8 July 1930 – 21 May 2013) was a French actor and opera and theatre director.

Born in Paris in 1930, from 1960 to 1963 Bourseiller headed the Studio des Champs-Elysées. In 1966, he was named director of the Centre dramatique national d'Aix-en-Provence. He also directed the Théâtre Récamier. From 1982 until 1996 he was director of the Opéra de Nancy et de Lorraine.

Bourseiller won the Prix du Concours des Jeunes compagnies in 1960 and the Grand Prix du théâtre du Syndicat de la critique in 1963.
Lynk & Co 900
The Lynk & Co 900 (Chinese: 领克900; pinyin: Lǐng kè 900; pronounced "nine zero zero" in English or "jiu ling ling" in Chinese) is a plug-in hybrid three-row six-seater full-size luxury crossover SUV marketed by Lynk & Co since 2025. It is the brand's largest vehicle, and is the first production vehicle to use an Nvidia Thor SoC.

Luxury car
A luxury car is a passenger automobile providing superior comfort levels, features, and equipment. More expensive materials and surface finishes are used, and buyers expect a correspondingly high build quality.

The term is relative and unavoidably subjective, reflecting both objective qualities of a car and the projected and perceived image of the vehicle's marque. Luxury brands rank above premium brands, though there is no clear distinction between the two.

Luxury cars span from sports cars to large saloons and sport utility vehicles. "Compact" luxury vehicles also fill a niche.
Open Day at the Hate Fest
Open Day at the Hate Fest is an album-length, internet-released compilation of music recorded by Curve since their reformation in 1996.

Open Day at the Hate Fest was produced during a time that saw Curve embroiled in legal battles with Universal Records over the company's decision to shelve Gift, the record Curve had recorded as the official follow-up to 1998's Come Clean. Following brisk online sales of Open Day at the Hate Fest, Universal relented, and agreed to release Gift later the same year under the Hip-O brand.

Come Clean (Curve album)
Come Clean is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Curve. It was released on 10 March 1998 by Estupendo Records and Universal, and was the first Curve album to be released following their temporary split in 1994 and reformation in 1996.

Come Clean marked a shift to a style more informed by dance and electronic music than Curve's earlier records. Significantly, the commercial success of and critical acclaim for Come Clean – at least relative to the reception that the group's harsher and less accessible 1993 album Cuckoo had received – encouraged Curve to continue recording.
Quintus Caecilius Bassus
Quintus Caecilius Bassus (fl. 1st century BC) was a Roman equestrian who fought during Caesar's civil war under Pompey before the Battle of Pharsalus. After the battle, he commandeered two mutinous legions in Syria and defended against a Caesarian siege at Apamea. There, he negotiated with Deiotarus, the king of Galatia, and the Parthians. After Caesar's death, both his men and those of his besiegers defected to Gaius Cassius Longinus; Bassus was then dismissed unharmed. He then disappears from history, possibly dying during the Battle of Philippi.

His opposition to Caesar in late 45 BC, after the defeat of Gnaeus Pompey at the Battle of Munda, marked him as one of the last open combatants of the civil war.

Battle of Pharsalus
The Battle of Pharsalus was the decisive battle of Caesar's Civil War fought on 9 August 48 BC near Pharsalus in Central Greece. Julius Caesar and his allies formed up opposite the army of the Roman Republic under the command of Pompey. Pompey had the backing of a majority of Roman senators and his army significantly outnumbered the veteran Caesarian legions.

Pressured by his officers, Pompey reluctantly engaged in battle and suffered an overwhelming defeat, ultimately fleeing the camp and his men, disguised as an ordinary citizen. Eventually making his way to Egypt, he was assassinated upon his arrival at the order of Ptolemy XIII.