hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Artaman League
The Artaman League (German language: Artamanen-Gesellschaft) was a German agrarian and völkisch movement committed to a Back-to-the-land–inspired ruralism, founded in 1923. Active during the inter-war period, the League became closely linked to, and eventually absorbed by, the Nazi Party.

Agrarianism
Agrarianism is a social and political philosophy that advocates for rural development, a rural agricultural lifestyle, family farming, widespread property ownership, and political decentralization. Those who adhere to agrarianism tend to value traditional forms of local community over urban modernity. Agrarian political parties sometimes aim to support the rights and sustainability of small farmers and poor peasants against the wealthy, powerful and famous in society.
Cold Spring Tavern
Cold Spring Tavern was established as a stagecoach stop in 1865. Originally known as the "Cold Spring Relay Station", it was a horse changeover and meals break station. The tavern is located 20 minutes north of Santa Barbara, California, in Cold Spring Canyon, which is about a mile off Highway 154 along Stagecoach Road (in the San Marcos Pass area).

The tavern serves steak, lamb, venison, duck, and rabbit.

In 1956, Cold Spring Tavern was the first restaurant to serve Steve Henson's original salad dressing. Henson and his wife had recently moved to a nearby guest ranch they renamed “Hidden Valley Ranch”, and decided to try marketing the dressing in the area when it became popular with guests. Audrey Ovington, a friend of the Hensons who owned the tavern at the time, was their first commercial customer, and the condiment has since been known as ranch dressing.

Salad dressing
A salad dressing is a sauce for salads, a condiment used on virtually all leafy salads. Dressings may also be used in preparing salads of beans (e.g., three bean salad), noodle or pasta salads and antipasti, and forms of potato salad. A dressing may even be made for fruit salads. Salad dressings can be drizzled over a salad, added and tossed with the ingredients, or offered "on the side". The functionality of some of these sauces has been extended, meaning they can be served as a dip (as with crudités or chicken wings).
C.W. O'Connor
Caleb-Wilson O'Connor (1879-1956) was an early-20th-century composer of popular American music. He composed more than 200 pieces of popular music, from the Ragtime era until his death. O'Connor was also a playwright in and around Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was predominantly a speech expression teacher in Washington, and was employed by NBC as a vice president. He was a founder of the O'Connor Speech Institute, Studio Hall of Washington, the Arts Club of Washington, and the Lions Club of Washington.

McDaniel College
McDaniel College is a private college in Westminster, Maryland, United States, established in 1867.  McDaniel College is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The college also has a satellite campus, McDaniel College Budapest, in Budapest, Hungary. The college owns and manages a shopping center and residential properties through its for-profit arm.
Amr ibn Matta
ʿAmr ibn Mattā or Mattai al-Ṭīrhānī (Latin: Amrus, عمرو إبن متى, Amru ibn Matta) was the author of a 14th-century work known as The Book of the Tower (Arabic: Kitāb al-Majdal li-l-Istibṣār wa-l-Jadal). Ibn Matta's work is modelled after, and takes its title from, the Book of the Tower by 12th-century Nestorian writer Mari ibn Suleiman. Ibn Matta's work is discussed in a lengthy entry in the ecclesiastical encyclopedia Miṣbāḥ al-Zulma by  Ibn Kabar (d. 1324).

Based on his nisbah, ibn Matta was a native of Ṭīrhān, a district now part of the city of  Samarra, Iraq.

Nisba (onomastics)
In Arabic names, a nisba (Arabic: نسبة nisbah, "attribution"), also rendered as nesba or nesbat, is an adjective surname indicating the person's place of origin, ancestral tribe, or ancestry, used at the end of the surname. Examples of this suffix included at the end of a surname include: -at (eg: Obeidat), -i (eg: Al Masri), -awi (eg: Badawi) -iyy for males and -iyyah for females,

Nisba, originally an Arabic word, has been passed to many other languages such as Turkish, Persian, Bengali, Hindi and Urdu.

In Persian and Turkish, it is always pronounced and written as nisbat. In Arabic usage, that pronunciation occurs when the word is uttered in its construct state only.
Shahbaz Khan (colonel)
Shahbaz Khan (Urdu: شہباز خان) was a Pakistan Army officer. He served as the first director-general of the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) directorate, from its founding in May 1949 to July 1952. He was succeeded in the post by commander Maqbool Hussain.

A colonel-ranking officer, Khan was described as a "keen bridge player" who frequented the Lahore Gymkhana Club.

Colonel (Pakistan)
Colonel is a senior officer rank in the Pakistan Army. Said army's rank system is predominantly following the British Army rank and insignia system since Pakistan's independence from the British Empire in 1947. However, the crown in the insignia  has been replaced with a star and crescent, which symbolize the sovereignty of the Government of Pakistan.

The rank of colonel is equivalent to a captain in the Pakistan Navy and a group captain in the Pakistan Air Force. Like in other armies, the rank is higher than a lieutenant colonel and lower than a brigadier.
Guy Thornycroft
Guy Mytton Thornycroft (1 April 1917 – 8 January 1999) was an English first-class cricketer who played in one match for Worcestershire against the Combined Services at Hereford in 1947. He scored 0 and 3 in a heavy Worcestershire defeat.

Thornycroft was born in Blawith, Grange-over-Sands, which was then in Lancashire; he died at the age of 81 in Reading.

Grange-over-Sands
Grange-over-Sands is a town and civil parish on the north side of Morecambe Bay in Cumbria, England, a few miles south of the Lake District National Park. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 4,114, increasing at the 2021 census to 4,279.
Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the town became administered as an urban district in 1894. Though the town remains part of the Duchy of Lancaster, since 2023 it has been administered as part of the Westmorland and Furness Council area.

Travelling by road, Grange-over-Sands is 13.1 miles (21.1 km) to the south of Kendal, 14.9 miles (24.0 km) to the east of Ulverston, 25 miles (40 km) to the east of Barrow-in-Furness and 28.1 miles (45.2 km) to the north of Lancaster.
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200
Site 200 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used, along with Site 81, by Proton rockets. It consists of two launch pads, areas 39 and 40. Area 39 is currently (as of 2021) used for Proton-M launches, including commercial flights conducted by International Launch Services. Area 40 is currently (as of 2021) inactive, as it was slated to be rebuilt as a launch site for the Angara rocket. Although the project was relocated to Site 250, Area 40 was not put back into service.

A number of planetary probes have been launched from Site 200. Venera 14, Venera 15, Vega 1, Fobos 1, the failed Mars-96, and ExoMars were launched from area 39. Venera 13, Venera 16, Vega 2, Fobos 2 were launched from Area 40. Area 39 was also the launch site for the core of the Mir space station, along with both Kvant modules, and the Kristall module. Salyut 7 and Granat were launched from Area 40.

On 13 May 2021 the pad was modified to support the launch of Nauka.

Venera 13
Venera 13 (Russian: Венера-13 'Venus 13') was part of the Soviet Venera program meant to explore Venus.

Venera 13 and 14 were identical spacecraft built to take advantage of the 1981 Venus launch opportunity. The probes were launched five days apart, with Venera 13 launching on 30 October 1981 at 06:04 UTC and Venera 14 launching on 4 November 1981 at 05:31 UTC. Both had an on-orbit dry mass of 760 kg.

Venera 13 transmitted the first recording of sounds from another planet, including sounds of Venusian wind, the lander hitting the ground, pyrotechnic lens cap removal and its impact on regolith, and action of the regolith drilling apparatus.

The descent lasted for about an hour. Venera 13 landed at 03:57:21 UT at 7.5 S, 303 E, just east of the eastern extension of an elevated region known as Phoebe Regio. The area is composed of bedrock outcrops surrounded by dark, fine-grained soil.
Double Trouble (Will Ferrell and My Marianne song)
"Double Trouble" is a song performed by Will Ferrell and  My Marianne in the film Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga (2020). The song was written by Arnthor Birgisson, Rami Yacoub and Savan Kotecha.

Savan Kotecha
Savan Harish Kotecha (born August 28, 1978) is an American record producer and songwriter. He was the executive music producer of the 2020 film Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga, for which he wrote and produced several songs and performed one song.
Delta A
The Delta A, or Thor-Delta A was an American expendable launch system used to launch two Explorer spacecraft in October 1962. A derivative of the Thor-Delta, it was a member of the Delta family of launch vehicles. The Thor-Delta itself was a Thor booster with an Able second stage and Altair third stage.

The first stage was a Thor missile in the DM-21 configuration, and the second stage was the Delta-A, an uprated version of the original Delta. An Altair solid rocket motor was used as a third stage. Both launches occurred from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) Launch Complex 17B, and were successful. The first launched Explorer 14, and the second Explorer 15.

Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 17
Space Launch Complex 17 (SLC-17), previously designated Launch Complex 17 (LC-17), was a launch site at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida used for Thor and Delta launch vehicles launches between 1958 and 2011.

Originally built in 1956, SLC-17 features two expendable launch vehicle (ELV) launch pads, SLC-17A and SLC-17B. The pads were operated by the 45th Space Wing and have supported more than 300 Department of Defense, NASA and commercial missile and rocket launches.
SouthCoast Wind
SouthCoast Wind, formerly known as Mayflower Wind, is a proposed offshore wind farm in U.S. federal waters about 30 miles south of Martha’s Vineyard and 23 miles south of Nantucket, Massachusetts in Lease OCS-A 0521, which covers 127,388 acres. Construction is expected to start in 2025 with power delivery from the project in 2030.

The project is backed by Ocean Winds North America (a global offshore wind collaboration of Engie and EDP Renewables).

It will connect to the grid at the former Brayton Point Power Station.

The project was awarded contracts with Massachusetts for 1,087 MW and with Rhode Island for 200 MW in September 2024.

EDP Renováveis
EDP Renováveis (English: EDP Renewables, EDPR) is a renewable energy company registered in Oviedo, and headquartered in Madrid that designs, develops, manages and operates power plants that generate electricity using renewable energy sources.

EDPR was established in 2007 to hold and operate the growing renewable energy assets of parent company Energias de Portugal (EDP Group), Portugal's largest utility company headquartered in Lisbon.  EDP Renováveis is the fourth-largest generator of wind energy globally.

EDPR's business includes wind farms and, to a limited but growing extent, solar energy activities. EDPR has continued to grow in recent years and is now present in 13 international markets (Brazil, Canada, Mexico, United States, Spain, Portugal, France, United Kingdom, Poland, Italy, Romania, Belgium and Greece).
Motor Mile Speedway
Pulaski County Motorsports Park (formerly Pulaski County Speedway, New River Valley Speedway, then Motor Mile Speedway) is a 0.416 mi (0.669 km) paved oval racetrack in Fairlawn, Pulaski County, Virginia. It was purchased by Shelor Automotive Group in 2004 and was subsequently renamed Motor Mile Speedway.

CARS Tour
The CARS Racing Tour sanctions a pair of late model stock car racing series in the United States: the zMAX CARS Tour (formerly known as the USAR Pro Cup Series and CARS Pro Cup Series) and the SPEARS CARS Tour West.  They are sanctioned by the Championship Auto Racing Series and sponsored by zMAX and SPEARS Manufacturing. The series competes on paved short tracks in Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Nevada, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.
Kristen Øyen
Kristen Øyen (born 14 May 1938) is a Norwegian forester.

He was born in Jostedal Municipality, and graduated from the Norwegian College of Agriculture in 1964. From 1984 to 2001 he was the director of the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory. In 2006 he released a work on the history of the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory: Kartlegginga av Noregs grøne gull.

Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute
The Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute (Norwegian: Norsk institutt for skog og landskap) was a research institute based in Norway.

Organizationally subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture and Food, it is autonomous in its research. It was established on 1 July 2006 through a merger of the Norwegian Forest Research Institute (Norsk institutt for skogforskning) and the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory (Norsk institutt for jord- og skogkartlegging). Headquarters are in Ås, and regional offices are in Bergen, Steinkjer, and Tromsø.

The director is Arne Bardalen.

On June 30, 2015 the Institute was merged into the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research.
Chimène
Chimène, ou Le Cid is a French-language opera by Antonio Sacchini. It takes the form of a tragédie (lyrique) in three acts, with a libretto by Nicolas-François Guillard. It was first staged at Fontainebleau on 16 November 1783. The subject of the work was inspired by the tragicomedy Le Cid by Pierre Corneille, and indirectly by the medieval Spanish epic Cantar de Mio Cid and a play by Guillén de Castro y Bellvís, Las Mocedades del Cid. Comedia Comedia primera and segunda (also known as Las Hazañas del Cid) (1605–1615).

Pierre Corneille
Pierre Corneille (/kɔːrˈneɪ/ kor-NAY, French: [pjɛʁ kɔʁnɛj]; 6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French tragedian. He is generally considered one of the three great 17th-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.

As a young man, he earned the valuable patronage of Cardinal Richelieu, who was trying to promote classical tragedy along formal lines, but later quarrelled with him, especially over his best-known play, Le Cid, about the medieval Spanish warrior, which was denounced by the newly formed Académie française for breaching the unities. He continued to write well-received tragedies for nearly forty years.
F'Murr
Richard Peyzaret (March 31, 1946 – April 10, 2018), better known by his pen name F'Murrr or F'Murr, was a French cartoonist and comic book writer. He was most famous for the long-running series Le Génie des alpages (The Genius of the Mountain Pastures).

Script (comics)
A script is a document describing the narrative and dialogue of a comic book in detail. It is the comic book equivalent of a television program teleplay or a film screenplay.

In comics, a script may be preceded by a plot outline, and is almost always followed by page sketches drawn by a comics artist and inked, succeeded by the coloring and lettering stages. There are no prescribed forms of comic scripts, but there are two dominant styles in the mainstream comics industry, the full script (commonly known as "DC style") and the plot script (or "Marvel house style").

The creator of a script is known as a comics writer.
Xanthomonas sRNA
In molecular biology, Xanthomonas sRNA are small RNAs which have been identified in various species of the bacterium Xanthomonas.

Analysis of  the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria revealed expression of seven cis-encoded antisense RNAs (asX1-asX7) and 15 intergenic sRNAs (sX1 - sX15). Several sRNAs have also been identified in Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris. Some of these X. campestris sRNAs are only found in Xanthomonas, some are also expressed in other bacteria. Several of these sRNAs appear to contribute to virulence, including sX12, sX13 and sRNA-Xcc1.

Computational analysis predicts 63 sRNAs in Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, expression of 8 of these has been experimentally confirmed. Expression of three of these is Hfq-dependent.

Xanthomonas
Xanthomonas (from greek: xanthos – "yellow"; monas – "entity") is a genus of bacteria, many of which cause plant diseases. There are at least 27 plant associated Xanthomonas spp., that all together infect at least 400 plant species. Different species typically have specific host and/or tissue range and colonization strategies.
Controversy Sells
Controversy Sells is the second and final collaborative studio album by American rappers Paul Wall and Chamillionaire. It was released on January 25, 2005 via Paid in Full Entertainment after both artists had left the label. Recording sessions took place at Crazy's House Recording Studios in Texas. Production was handled by Blue Note, Del, Crazy C, Beatco, Drathoven, T-Gray and Whyle Chyle, with Mista Madd and Myron Wright serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from 50/50 Twin, Lew Hawk, Devin the Dude, Lil' Flip, Monetana and Yung Ro.

In the United States, the album peaked at number 50 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 30 on the Independent Albums charts. A 'Chopped & Skrewed' version was done by Swishahouse's DJ Michael '5000' Watts.

Chopped and screwed
Chopped and screwed (also called screwed and chopped or slowed and throwed) is a genre of hip-hop music and technique of remixing music that involves slowing down the tempo and DJing. It was pioneered by DJ Screw, and became a staple in the Houston hip hop scene in the 1990s. The screwed technique involves slowing the tempo of a song down to 60 and 70 quarter-note beats per minute and applying techniques such as skipping beats, record scratching, stop-time and affecting portions of the original composition to create a "chopped-up" variant of the material.
Soslan Gattsiev
Soslan Magometovich Gattsiev (Uzbek: Сослан Магометович Гатциев; born September 27, 1985, in Andijan, Uzbekistan) is an amateur Belarusian freestyle wrestler of Uzbek origin, who competes in the men's light heavyweight category. Gattsiev represented Belarus at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where he competed in the 84 kg class. He lost the semifinal match to Puerto Rico's Jaime Espinal, with a score of 2–15. Gattsiev, however, was offered another shot for the bronze medal bout in the repechage, where he was eventually outclassed and beaten by reigning European champion Dato Marsagishvili of Georgia, with a set-score of 0–3 and 1–3.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Maia (video game)
Maia is a sci-fi strategy simulation video game developed by Simon Roth. The game has been described as "Dungeon Keeper meets Dwarf Fortress on a primordial alien world". Roth also cites Theme Hospital, The Sims, Black & White and Space Station 13 amongst its influences.

The Sims
The Sims is a series of life simulation video games developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts (EA). The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies worldwide, and is one of the best-selling video game series of all time. It is also part of the larger Sim series, started by SimCity in 1989.

The games in the Sims series are largely sandbox games, in that they lack any defined goals (except for some later expansion packs and console versions which introduced this gameplay style). The player creates virtual people called "Sims", places them in houses, and helps direct their moods and satisfy their desires. Players can either place their Sims in pre-constructed homes or build them themselves. Each successive expansion pack and game in the series augmented what the player could do with their Sims.
Naude's Neck Pass
Naude's Neck Pass, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, connects Maclear to Rhodes. With its summit at 2,587 m above sea level, the pass is the second highest dirt road in South Africa. This pass is based on the route taken by the intrepid Naudé brothers in the 1890s.

Today the road is more usually travelled in a comfortable 4x4 vehicle, but it still presents a challenge, particularly in winter when heavy snowfalls are common. Local advice regarding weather and road conditions should be heeded before attempting this spectacular pass.

30°45′53″S 28°06′20″E﻿ / ﻿30.7647°S 28.1055°E﻿ / -30.7647; 28.1055

Maclear, South Africa
Maclear, officially Nqanqarhu, is a small town situated in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, near the Mooi River (a tributary of the Tsitsa River), 172 km (107 mi) north of East London and 80 km (50 mi) northeast of Elliot.

It lies just north-east of Ugie. The land to the east and south was part of the former homeland of Transkei.

The Eastern Grasslands landscape around Nqanqarhu includes sustainable grazing and wool value-chain initiatives involving Conservation South Africa.
Warrior Up!
Warrior Up! is a Canadian documentary television series, which premiered in 2024 on APTN. Hosted by actors Anna Lambe, Joel Oulette and Joshua Odjick, the series profiles Indigenous Canadian youth who are making change in their communities.

The series won the Canada Media Fund Kids Choice Award at the 13th Canadian Screen Awards in 2025.

13th Canadian Screen Awards
The 13th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 30 May to 1 June 2025, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television and digital media production in 2024. The main gala was held on 1 June, hosted by comedian Lisa Gilroy, and was broadcast live on CBC Television and streaming on CBC Gem.

Nominees were announced on 26 March. Universal Language received the most nominations in film categories with 13, while Law & Order Toronto: Criminal Intent topped the field in television categories with 20 nominations. Canada's Drag Race was the most-awarded work overall with eight, while Universal Language would win the most awards in film categories with six.
Bandfield (crater)
Bandfield is a lunar impact crater that is located nearly on the border of the near side and far side of the Moon. It lies on the west rim of the crater Hirayama, near Hume and Swasey.  The crater has a bright system of rays and is thus young (Copernican age).

The crater's name was approved by the IAU on 8 July 2022.  It is named after the American planetary scientist Joshua Bandfield (1974-2019).  Bandfield worked on instruments on many spacecraft including OSIRIS-REx, 2001 Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars Global Surveyor, and Mars Exploration Rovers.

Swasey (crater)
Swasey is a small lunar impact crater that lies along the eastern limb of the Moon. It lies near the southeastern edge of the Mare Smythii, to the west of the walled plain Hirayama. About one crater diameter to the northeast is Hume, and to the southwest is the merged crater pair of Kao and Helmert.

The outer rim of this crater is roughly circular, and a small crater overlies the northwestern side. This attached crater is also joined to the southeastern outer rim of the small crater Lebesgue.

The crater's name was approved by the IAU in 1976.