hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wang Zhenhe
Wang Zhenhe (Wang Chen-ho, Timothy Tsen-ho Wang, 王禎和) (1 October 1940 – 3 September 1990) was one of Taiwan's most famous writers. Wang's masterpiece is the comic novel Rose, Rose, I Love You (《玫瑰﹐玫瑰我愛你》), which is set in the coastal town of Hualien during the Vietnam War. The novel's plot centers on the efforts of the town's leaders to come together to set up a brothel to entertain a group of American GIs coming to Taiwan for R&R. Wang is considered the foremost representative of the nativist literature movement that swept Taiwan in the 1970s and 80s.

Taiwan nativist literature
Taiwan nativist literature (Chinese: 鄉土文學; pinyin: Xiangtu Wenxue; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiong-thó͘  Bûn-ha̍k). Xiangtu (鄉土), literally meaning the hometown soil, symbolizes nativism; and Wenxue (文學) is literature. It is a genre of Taiwanese literature derived from the New Literature Movement (台灣新文學運動) under the Japanese rule in the 1920s. The movement died down after 1937 when the Japanese government strengthened its colonial policy, but regained public attention in the 1970s.  Taiwan nativist literature uses literary realism as its main narrative to depict people, events and subjects that happen in Taiwan, aiming at reflecting the particularity of the local society. The nativist novels usually depict the struggles for existence and predicaments of identity of the Taiwanese people with a humanistic tone. They tend to base on the life experiences of their authors, and reflect their worldviews.
Přemysl Kubala
Přemysl Kubala (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpr̝̊ɛmɪsl̩ ˈkubala]; born 16 December 1973) is a Czech volleyball and beach volleyball player. As of 2012, he plays with Petr Beneš who he teamed up with at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

With beach volleyball he played together with Jan Hadrava. They won the bronze medal at the 2015 European Games in Baku.

2015 European Games
The 1st European Games (Azerbaijani: 1-ci Avropa Oyunları), also known as the 2015 European Games or Baku 2015 (Azerbaijani: Bakı 2015), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 12 to 28 June 2015, and featured almost 6,000 athletes from 50 countries competing in 30 sports, including 15 summer Olympic and 2 non-Olympic sports.
Farmacias El Amal
Farmacias El Amal, was a regional pharmacy chain operating throughout Puerto Rico. At its peak, it operated more than 60 pharmacies across Puerto Rico. The chain was privately held and was founded in 1973. Its largest competitors were Walgreens, Kmart and Walmart.

Pharmacy (shop)
A pharmacy (also called drugstore in North American English or community pharmacy or chemist in Commonwealth English and both in Australian English) is a premises which provides pharmaceutical drugs, among other products. At the pharmacy, a pharmacist oversees the fulfillment of medical prescriptions and is available to counsel patients about prescription and over-the-counter drugs or about health problems and wellness issues. A typical pharmacy would be in the commercial area of a community.
Brad Rowswell
Brad Rowswell (born 1985) is an Australian politician. He has been a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly since November 2018, representing the seat of Sandringham. He currently serves as Shadow Minister for Education, Shadow Minister for Industrial Relations and Shadow Minister for Government Services.

He was for a time the Shadow Assistant Minister to the Leader of the Opposition and Secretary to the Shadow Cabinet; he was removed from this role on Matthew Guy's return to the Liberal Party leadership in September 2021.

Rowswell was Shadow Treasurer from December 2022 to January 2025 and was appointed Shadow Environment Minister.

Victorian Liberal Party
The Victorian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division), and branded as Liberal Victoria, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Victoria. It was formed in 1949 as the Liberal and Country Party (LCP) and simplified its name to the Liberal Party in 1965. The party sits on the centre-right to right-wing of the Australian political spectrum, and is currently led by Jess Wilson.

There was a previous Victorian division of the Liberal Party formed in March 1945, but it ceased to exist when the LCP was established four years later.
Whispering campaign
A whispering campaign or whisper campaign is a method of persuasion in which damaging rumors or innuendo are spread about the target, while the source of the rumors seeks to avoid being detected while they are spread. For example, a political campaign might distribute anonymous flyers attacking the other candidate. The tactic is generally considered unethical in open societies, particularly in matters of public policy. The speed and the anonymity of communication made possible by modern technologies like the Internet have increased public awareness of whisper campaigns and their ability to succeed. The phenomenon has also led to the failure of whisper campaigns, as those seeking to prevent them can publicize their existence much more readily than in the past. Whisper campaigns are defended in some circles as an efficient mechanism for underdogs who lack other resources to disclose wrongdoings of the powerful without repercussions.

Rumor
A rumor (American English), or rumour (British English; see spelling differences; derived from Latin rumorem 'noise'), is an unverified piece of information circulating among people, especially without solid evidence.

In the social sciences, a rumor involves a form of a statement whose truthfulness or honesty is not quickly or ever confirmed. In addition, some scholars have identified rumor as a subset of propaganda. Sociology, psychology, and communication studies have widely varying definitions of rumor.

Rumors are also often discussed with regard to misinformation and disinformation (the former often seen as simply false and the latter seen as deliberately false, though usually from a government source given to the media or a foreign government).
Molotov and Haze
Molotov and Haze is the eighth studio album released by British musician, songwriter and producer Steven Wilson under the pseudonym Bass Communion.

The album consists of four tracks, and, according to Steven Wilson's website, is divided into two sections: "2 noisy tracks (Molotov) and 2 transcendently beautiful tracks (Haze)." All pieces were generated from guitar and recorded from 14 to 17 February 2008.

The album was issued in miniature card gatefold sleeve. Some excerpts from "Haze" and "Corrosive" can be heard on the Bass Communion Myspace page. An excerpt from "Molotov" can be heard through the Important Records website.

Bass Communion
Bass Communion is a solo project of English musician Steven Wilson, best known for his lead role in the rock band Porcupine Tree. Records released under the name Bass Communion are in an ambient or electronic vein—lengthy, drone-heavy compositions. They come about as experiments made from processing the sound of real instruments and field recordings.

Bass Communion's albums have often featured collaborations with other musicians, including Robert Fripp of King Crimson, saxophonist Theo Travis, Bryn Jones, and Vidna Obmana.
Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.

Health professional
A health professional, healthcare professional (HCP), or healthcare worker (sometimes abbreviated as HCW) is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience. The field includes those who work as a nurse, physician (such as family physician, internist, obstetrician, psychiatrist, radiologist, surgeon etc.), perfusionist, physician assistant,  registered dietitian, veterinarian, veterinary technician, optometrist, pharmacist, pharmacy technician, medical assistant, physical therapist, occupational therapist, dentist, midwife, psychologist, audiologist, or healthcare scientist, or who perform services in allied health professions. Experts in public health and community health are also health professionals.
Dan DiDio
Dan DiDio (/dɪˈdiːoʊ/; born October 13, 1959) is an American writer, editor, and publisher who has worked in the television and comic book industries. From February 2010 until February 2020, he was the co-publisher of DC Comics, along with Jim Lee. Wizard magazine recognized him as its first ever "Man of the Year" in 2003 for his work in the DC Universe line of comics.

Metal Men
The Metal Men are a group of robot superheroes that appear in DC Comics. The characters first appeared in Showcase #37 (March–April 1962) and were created by writer Robert Kanigher and artist Ross Andru. Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books, the characters have appeared in comic books and other DC Comics-related products such as animated television series, clothing, figurines and trading cards.
Douglas O-38
The Douglas O-38 is an observation airplane used by the United States Army Air Corps in the 1930s and early 1940s.

Between 1931 and 1934, Douglas built 156 O-38s for the Air Corps, eight of which were O-38Fs. Some were still in service at the time of the Pearl Harbor Attack in 1941.

The O-38 is a modernized derivative of the O-25, itself a re-engined variant of the earlier Douglas O-2.

EDO Corporation
EDO Corporation was an American company which was acquired by ITT Corporation in 2007.  EDO designed and manufactured products for defense, intelligence, and commercial markets, and provided related engineering and professional services. It employed 4,000 people worldwide and had revenues of $715 million in 2006. EDO's assets went to ITT Defense Electronics and Services.  As of May 2015, these assets were part of Harris Corporation, and since June 2019, L3Harris Technologies.
Curt Kosswig
Curt Kosswig (sometimes spelled "Koßwig") (30 October 1903, Berlin – 29 March 1982, Hamburg) was a German zoologist and geneticist, who spent most of his career at the University of Istanbul (1937–1955) and Hamburg University (1955–1969). Curt Kosswig is known as the Father of Turkish Zoology.

Geneticist
A geneticist is a biologist or physician who studies genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation of organisms. A geneticist can be employed as a scientist or a lecturer. Geneticists may perform general research on genetic processes or develop genetic technologies to aid in the pharmaceutical or and agriculture industries. Some geneticists perform experiments in model organisms such as Drosophila, C. elegans, zebrafish, rodents or humans and analyze data to interpret the inheritance of biological traits. A basic science geneticist is a scientist who usually has earned a PhD in genetics and undertakes research and/or lectures in the field. A medical geneticist is a physician who has been trained in medical genetics as a specialization and evaluates, diagnoses, and manages patients with hereditary conditions or congenital malformations; and provides genetic risk calculations and mutation analysis.
The Record Herald
The Record Herald is an American daily newspaper published in Waynesboro, Pennsylvania.  It was established as Blue Ridge Zephyr when it started publishing on July 2, 1894. It is presently owned by USA Today Co.

In addition to the borough of Waynesboro, The Record Herald covers several communities in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, including Antrim Township, Blue Ridge Summit, Greencastle, Mont Alto and Washington Township. It also circulates across the state line in Cascade, Maryland, and environs.

Antrim Township, Pennsylvania
Antrim Township is a township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 15,778 at the 2020 census, an increase over the figure of 12,504 tabulated in 2000. It was named after County Antrim in Northern Ireland.
Invasion of Rügen (1678)
The invasion of Rügen of 22 to 24 September 1678 was a military operation in the Swedish-Brandenburg War, or Scanian War, that ended with the annexation of the Swedish-ruled island of Rügen by the Allies – Brandenburg-Prussia and Denmark – for just under a year before it was restored by treaty to Sweden.

The operation was a prelude to the long-planned Siege of Stralsund that followed shortly thereafter.

Niels Juel
Admiral Niels Juel (8 May 1629 – 8 April 1697) was a Danish naval officer who served as supreme commander of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy during the late 17th century and oversaw its development into a blue-water navy. His victory against Sweden at the Battle of Køge Bay (1677) is regarded as the greatest victory in Danish naval history. He also won, one month earlier, the Battle of Møn.
2009 BET Hip Hop Awards
The 2009 BET Hip Hop Awards are a recognition ceremony held on October 10, 2009, at the Atlanta Civic Center in Atlanta, Georgia. The  2009 show was hosted by Mike Epps.

Kanye West led the BET Hip-Hop Awards 2009 with nine nominations,  followed by Jay-Z and  Lil Wayne with seven and T.I. with six nominations.

The rapper and music producer Ice Cube received the I Am Hip-Hop Award, for his role in pioneering the West Coast rap movement in the late 1980s. Jay-Z was the most awarded artist of the ceremony, with four awards, including Hustler of the Year.  Although he was in Arkansas Penitentiary on a federal gun charge, T.I. won three awards, two of which Rihanna's collaboration "Live Your Life". Kanye West was awarded as Producer of the Year.

Tha Bizness
Tha Bizness is an American record production and songwriting duo from Seattle, Washington, composed of Justin "Henny" Henderson and Christopher John "Dow Jones" Whitacre. Tha Bizness have produced songs for several prominent artists, including Chris Brown, Ne-Yo, Jay-Z, Snoop Dogg, Nas, 8Ball & MJG, Ice Cube, 50 Cent, and Kendrick Lamar, among others. In 2009, they received a Producer of the Year nomination at the BET Hip Hop Awards.
Bic lighter
A BiC lighter is a disposable lighter manufactured by Société Bic S.A. since 1973. According to the company, "BIC is the world's largest manufacturer of branded pocket lighters" and has "sold over 30 billion lighters" (as of February 2024). The fuel used in the lighters is usually liquid butane.

Butane
Butane (/ˈbjuːteɪn/) is an alkane with the formula C4H10. Butane exists as two isomers, n-butane, CH3CH2CH2CH3 and iso-butane, (CH3)3CH.  Both isomers are highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gases that quickly vaporize at room temperature and pressure. Butanes are a trace component of natural gases, which contain higher concentrations of other hydrocarbons such as propane, ethane, and especially methane. Liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and some butanes.

The name butane comes from the root but- (from butyric acid, named after the Greek word for butter) and the suffix -ane (for organic compounds).
Janet Mitchell (cricketer)
Janet Mitchell is a Barbadian former cricketer who played as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter. She appeared in one Test match for the West Indies in 1976. She scored 4 runs in the only batting innings for the West Indies. She did not claim any victims behind the stumps as all but one of the eight Australian wicket to fall were either leg before wicket or bowled. She played domestic cricket for  Barbados.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
HMAS Narani
HMAS Narani was an auxiliary minesweeper operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) during World War II. Narani was requisitioned from the Illawarra & South Coast Steam Navigation Company as auxiliaries. The 381-ton vessel was armed with a 12-pounder 12cwt QF gun, a 20mm Oerlikon cannon, a .303-inch Vickers machine gun, and four Type D depth charges, and was commissioned into the RAN on 11 June 1941.

During the war, Narani, Uki, and Bermagui made up Group 77 Minesweeper, based at HMAS Maitland, in Newcastle, New South Wales.

Returned to her owners on 10 July 1946, she plied the coastal trade until 1951 when she was sold to New Guinea Borneo Mangrove Co., Port Moresby. She was broken up in 1954.

QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun
The QF 12-pounder 12-cwt gun (Quick-Firing) (abbreviated as Q.F. 12-pdr. [12-cwt.]) was a common, versatile 3-inch (76.2 mm) calibre naval gun introduced in 1894 and used until the middle of the 20th century. It was produced by Armstrong Whitworth, Elswick and used on Royal Navy warships, exported to allied countries, and used for land service. In British service "12-pounder" was the rounded value of the projectile weight, and "12 cwt (hundredweight)" was the weight of the barrel and breech, to differentiate it from other "12-pounder" guns.

As the Type 41 3-inch (7.62 cm)/40 it was used on most early battleships and cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy, though it was commonly referred to by its UK designation as a "12-pounder" gun. Italy built guns under licence as the 76.2 mm/40 (3") by Ansaldo.
Early Whitney
Early Whitney is an EP by American hip hop artist Why?. It was released by Anticon on October 6, 2003, four months after Why?'s second studio album Oaklandazulasylum.

It is named after the song of the same name from Oaklandazulasylum, which is also included on the EP itself. It also contains several songs that later appeared on the live album Almost Live from Anna's Cabin.

It is the final solo release on which Yoni Wolf would use the stage name 'Why?', transferring it onto his newly founded band in 2004.

Why? (American band)
Why? (styled as WHY?) is an American alternative hip hop and indie rock band. The band was founded in 2004 by Cincinnati rapper and singer Yoni Wolf, who had been using Why? as his stage name since 1997. In addition to Wolf, who serves as lead vocalist and multi-instrumentalist, the band consists of multi-instrumentalists and backing vocalists Doug McDiarmid and Matt Meldon, and drummer and backing vocalist Josiah Wolf, who is Yoni Wolf's older brother.

Why? has released eight studio albums, along with several extended plays, demo albums, and live albums, since their inception. Yoni Wolf's final solo album under the Why? moniker, 2003's Oaklandazulasylum, is typically considered part of the band's discography. Their first album as a full band was 2005's Elephant Eyelash. They followed this album with Alopecia (2008), Eskimo Snow (2009), Mumps, Etc. (2012), Moh Lhean (2017), AOKOHIO (2019), and The Well I Fell Into (2024).
Peter Beilharz
Peter Beilharz (born 13 November 1953) is an Australian sociologist. He is professor of critical theory at Sichuan University, Chengdu, PRC. Previously he was professor of sociology and remains Emeritus Professor at La Trobe University, Melbourne. He is adjunct professor at Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia. Beilharz is founding editor of the international journal of social theory Thesis Eleven published by Sage.

From 2002 to 2014, he was the director of the Thesis Eleven Centre for Cultural Sociology at La Trobe University. He is best known for his work in social theory and socialism, for his intellectual biography of the Australian art historian Bernard Smith, and his several books on the eminent Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman.

Social theory
Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity. Social theory in an informal nature, or authorship based outside of academic social and political science, may be referred to as "social criticism" or "social commentary", or "cultural criticism" and may be associated both with formal cultural and literary scholarship, as well as other non-academic or journalistic forms of writing.
Corporate behaviour
Corporate behaviour is the actions of a company or group who are acting as a single body. It defines the company's ethical strategies and describes the image of the company. Studies on corporate behaviour show the link between corporate communication and the formation of its identity.

PEST analysis
In business analysis, PEST analysis (political, economic, social and technological) is a framework of external macro-environmental factors used in strategic management and market research.

PEST analysis was developed in 1967 by Francis Aguilar as an environmental scanning framework for businesses to understand the external conditions and relations of a business in order to assist managers in strategic planning. It has also been termed ETPS analysis.

PEST analyses give an overview of the different macro-environmental factors to be considered by a business, indicating market growth or decline, business position, as well as the potential of and direction for operations.
1999 Nigerian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Nigeria on 27 February 1999. They were the first elections to be held since the 1993 military coup and were the first elections of the Fourth Nigerian Republic. A former military head of state from 1976 to 1979, Olusegun Obasanjo, was elected president. Supported by the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), he defeated Olu Falae who was backed by the Alliance for Democracy (AD) and All People's Party (APP). In 2025, Falae spoke up and claimed that "I won that election" instead of Obasanjo. He also claimed that his campaign didn't go to court as they were more concerned about the return to democracy after years of military rule.

Until 2023, this was the last election to not feature Muhammadu Buhari.

Democratic transition
A democratic transition describes a phase in a country's political system as a result of an ongoing change from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one. The process is known as democratisation, political changes moving in a democratic direction. Democratization waves have been linked to sudden shifts in the distribution of power among the great powers, which created openings and incentives to introduce sweeping domestic reforms. Although transitional regimes experience more civil unrest, they may be considered stable in a transitional phase for decades at a time. Since the end of the Cold War transitional regimes have become the most common form of government. Scholarly analysis of the decorative nature of democratic institutions  concludes that the opposite  democratic backsliding (autocratization), a transition to authoritarianism is the most prevalent basis of modern hybrid regimes.