hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mildred Peel
Mildred Peel (1856–1920) was a Canadian sculptor and artist. She studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and the Académie Julian in Paris France in 1886.

Her brother Paul Peel was also an artist, their father, John R. Peel having instructed them both from an early age. Peel became one of the first women in Canada to complete a publicly commissioned sculpture.
She painted a portrait of Laura Secord in 1904 which is held in the Government of Ontario Art Collection.

She died in Santa Barbara, California in 1920.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Violin Concerto (Wirén)
The Violin Concerto, Op. 23, is a three-movement concertante composition for violin and orchestra written from 1945 to 1946 by the Swedish composer Dag Wirén. The piece premiered on 10 April 1947 in Gothenburg, Sweden, with Clarence Raybould conducting the Gothenburg Orchestral Society; the soloist was the Swedish violinist Otto Kyndel. The Violin Concerto is a rare example of Wirén—the idiom of whom was primarily neo-classical—embracing a "full-blooded" neo-romantic style; it is, with its "greater depth of expression, ... in the spirit of" Jean Sibelius. In a 1979 radio interview, Wirén characterized the Violin Concerto as one of the best pieces he had composed

Clarence Raybould
Robert Clarence Raybould (28 June 1886 – 27 March 1972) was an English conductor, pianist and composer who conducted works ranging from musical comedy and operetta, Gilbert and Sullivan to the standard classical repertoire. He also championed works by contemporary, particularly British, composers.
HRL Laboratories
HRL Laboratories (formerly Hughes Research Laboratories) is a research center in Malibu, California, established in 1960. Formerly the research arm of Hughes Aircraft, it is currently owned by General Motors Corporation and Boeing. It is housed in two large, white multi-story buildings overlooking the Pacific Ocean.

Cognitive Technology Threat Warning System
The Cognitive Technology Threat Warning System, otherwise known as (CT2WS), is a brain–computer interface designed to analyze sensory data and then alert foot-soldiers to any possible threats, passive or direct. CT2WS is part of U.S. Department of Defense's effort to produce an efficient and working Network-centric infantryman.
Higuchi dimension
In fractal geometry, the Higuchi dimension (or Higuchi fractal dimension (HFD)) is an approximate value for the box-counting dimension of the graph of a real-valued function or time series. This value is obtained via an algorithmic approximation so one also talks about the Higuchi method. It has many applications in science and engineering and has been applied to subjects like characterizing primary waves in seismograms, clinical neurophysiology and analyzing changes in the electroencephalogram in Alzheimer's disease.

Seismogram
A seismogram is a graph output by a seismograph. It is a record of the ground motion at a measuring station as a function of time. Seismograms typically record motions in three cartesian axes (x, y, and z), with the z axis perpendicular to the Earth's surface and the x- and y- axes parallel to the surface. The energy measured in a seismogram may result from an earthquake or from some other source, such as an explosion. Seismograms can record many things, and record many little waves, called microseisms. These tiny events can be caused by heavy traffic near the seismograph, waves hitting a beach, the wind, and any number of other ordinary things that cause some shaking of the seismograph.

Historically, seismograms were recorded on paper attached to rotating drums, a kind of chart recorder. Some used pens on ordinary paper, while others used light beams to expose photosensitive paper. Today, practically all seismograms are recorded digitally to make analysis by computer easier.
1939 Infantry Regiment (Poland)
The Polish Infantry Regiment; (Polish: Pulk Piechoty) during World War 2 comprised on average some 2,900 men and 60 officers organised around 3 rifle battalions armed with either the Karabinek wz.29 or the Wz. 98, 7.92mm bolt-action rifles. Each 19-man squad was also issued the RKM wz.28 light machine gun. Other regimental weapons included the Polish version of the French Model 1897 75-mm field gun, the Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle, the Ckm wz.30 heavy machine gun, the wz.31 81 mm mortar, and the wz.36 46mm light mortar/grenade launcher.

Ciężki karabin maszynowy wz. 30
Ckm wz. 30 (short for ciężki karabin maszynowy wz. 30; "heavy machine gun 1930 Pattern") is a Polish-made clone of the American Browning M1917 heavy machine gun. Produced with various modifications such as greater caliber, longer barrel and adjustable sighting device, it was an improved although unlicensed copy of its predecessor, and was the standard machine gun of the Polish Army from 1931.
Barton McGuckin
Barton McGuckin (28 July 1852 – 17 April 1913) was an Irish tenor singer of renown, who made his career principally in Britain with the Carl Rosa Opera Company, but also gained a wide success in oratorio and concert. Richard Ellmann put him forward as the model for Bartell D'Arcy in James Joyce's story "The Dead", but this identification has been questioned in recent years.

Alexander Mackenzie (composer)
Sir Alexander Campbell Mackenzie KCVO (22 August 1847 – 28 April 1935) was a Scottish composer, conductor and teacher best known for his oratorios, violin and piano pieces, Scottish folk music and works for the stage.

Mackenzie was a member of a musical family and was sent for his musical education to Germany.  He had many successes as a composer, producing over 90 compositions, but from 1888 to 1924, he devoted a great part of his energies to running the Royal Academy of Music.  Together with Hubert Parry and Charles Villiers Stanford, he was regarded as one of the fathers of the British musical renaissance in the late nineteenth century.
30th Buil Film Awards
The 30th Buil Film Awards (Korean: 제30회 부일영화상) ceremony is hosted by the Busan-based daily newspaper Busan Ilbo. It was held on October 7, 2021, at the Busan Exhibition and Convention Center (BEXCO Auditorium) in Busan. In addition to theater-released films, this year's nominations included Over-the-top (OTT) films such as the Netflix films The Call and Night in Paradise for the first time.

Busan Exhibition and Convention Center
Busan Exhibition and Convention Center (Korean: 부산전시컨벤션센터), commonly known as BEXCO (벡스코), is a convention and exhibition center located in Centum City, Haeundae District, Busan, South Korea. It features over 46,500 m2 of exhibition space and 53 meeting rooms. In June 2012, BEXCO completed its expansion to add a 4,002-seat auditorium and a new exhibition center.

BEXCO has hosted a variety of events, notability as a concert venue for Koreans as well as international artists, such as Grammy Award winners Michael Bolton and Dr. Dre.
Thanbauk (poetic form)
Thanbauk (Burmese: သံပေါက်, pronounced [θàɰ̃ baʊʔ]) is a Burmese form, consisting of three lines of four syllables each. Traditionally, they are witty and epigrammic.

The rhyme is on the fourth syllable of the first line, the third syllable of the second, and on the second syllable of the third.

Here is a modern example by Tin Moe:

Epigram
An epigram is a brief, interesting, memorable, sometimes surprising or satirical statement. The word derives from the Greek ἐπίγραμμα (epígramma, "inscription", from ἐπιγράφειν [epigráphein], "to write on, to inscribe"). This literary device has been practiced for over two millennia.

The presence of wit or sarcasm tends to distinguish non-poetic epigrams from aphorisms and adages, which typically do not show those qualities.
Kontela
Kontela is a commune in the Cercle of Bafoulabé in the Kayes Region of south-western Mali. The commune contains 28 villages and hamlets. The principal village (chef-lieu) is Goundara. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 21,538.

Kayes Region
Kayes Region (Bambara: ߞߊߦߌ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Kayi Dineja, Arabic: منطقة كايس, romanized: minṭaqa Kāyas) is one of ten first level national subdivisions in Mali called Regions. It is the first administrative area of Mali and covers an area of 120,760 square kilometres or 46,630 square miles. Its capital is the town of Kayes. The province was historically part of the Ghana Empire and the Mali Empire.
2014 Copa Claro – Doubles
Simone Bolelli and Fabio Fognini were the defending champions, but they decided not to participate.
Marcel Granollers and Marc López won the title, defeating Pablo Cuevas and Horacio Zeballos in the final, 7–5, 6–4.

Simone Bolelli
Simone Bolelli (Italian pronunciation: [siˈmoːne boˈlɛlli]; born 8 October 1985) is an Italian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP ranking in doubles of World No. 6 achieved on 13 January 2025 and in singles of No. 36 achieved on 23 February 2009. Bolelli is a Grand Slam champion, having won the 2015 Australian Open doubles event with Fabio Fognini, together becoming the first male all-Italian pair to win a Major in the Open Era. He also reached three other major finals with Andrea Vavassori at the 2024 and the 2025 Australian Open, and at the 2024 French Open. He is also the Italian player who has won the highest number of Davis Cups for his national team, marking a record of three times in a row: in 2023, 2024 and 2025. He has won 18 ATP Tour doubles titles. He was a bronze medalist at the 2005 Mediterranean Games.
Dharmabad railway station
Dharmabad railway station is a railway station belonging to Hyderabad railway division of South Central Railway. The station is situated in Nanded district of Maharashtra, India. Its station code is DAB.

Hyderabad railway division
Hyderabad railway division is one of the six divisions of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The headquarters of the Division is at Secunderabad and its zonal headquarters is at Secunderabad. Even though Hyderabad has its own Division, the Hyderabad Deccan railway station itself falls under Secunderabad Railway Division. Secunderabad–Manmad section also known as Kacheguda–Manmad line is an important Railway route connecting the States of Telangana and Maharashtra, most stations on this route are administered by Hyderabad Division and Nanded railway division.
2018 Wokingham Borough Council election
The 2018 Wokingham Borough Council election took place on Thursday 3 May 2018. That was the same day as other United Kingdom local elections in order to elect members of Wokingham Unitary Council in Berkshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed comfortably in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Conservative 42

Liberal Democrat 8

Labour 3

Independent 1

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Thomas von dem Knesebeck (the Younger)
Thomas von dem Knesebeck (27 March 1594 - 1 February 1658) was a Privy Councillor and Landeshauptmann (Governor) of the Altmark during most of the 30 Years War, as well as one of the earliest members of the Fruitbearing Society.

Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises a head of state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchical government. The term "privy" (from French privé) signifies private or secret. Consequently, a privy council, more common in the past, existed as a group of a ruling monarch's most trusted court advisors. Its purpose was to consistently provide confidential advice on matters of state. Despite the abolition of monarchy, some privy councils remained operational, while others were individually disbanded, allowing the monarchical system to continue to exist without a secret crown council.
Balnageith
Balnageith, located on the western edge of the suburbs of Forres in Moray, Scotland, is the site of an excavated linear cropmark with a rounded corner that has been interpreted as a possible Roman military camp or fort. The enclosure may originally have been of up to 2.4 hectares (5.9 acres) in size.

Blalnageith was the birthplace of Duncan Dunbar (senior) in the 1760s Dunbar moved to London and became a brewer in Limehouse, London.

Administrative Area:

Council: Moray

Parish: Forres

Forres
Forres (/ˈfɒrɪs/; Scottish Gaelic: Farrais) is a town and former royal burgh in the north of Scotland on the Moray coast, approximately 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Inverness and 12 miles (19 km) west of Elgin. Forres has been a winner of the Scotland in Bloom award on several occasions. There are many geographical and historical attractions nearby such as the River Findhorn, and there are also classical, historical artifacts and monuments within the town itself, such as Forres Tolbooth and Nelson's Tower. Brodie Castle, the home of the Brodie Clan, lies to the west of the town, close to the A96.
Fonseca, La Guajira
Fonseca is a municipality located in the Colombian Department of La Guajira. The town celebrates the Festival del Retorno in honor of St Augustine with religious celebrations, vallenato music events and others.

Vallenato
Vallenato (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [baʝeˈnato]) is a popular folk music genre from Colombia. It primarily comes from its Caribbean region. Vallenato literally means "born in the valley".  The valley influencing this name is located between the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Serranía de Perijá in north-east Colombia. The name also applies to the people from the city where this genre originated: Valledupar (from the place named Valle de Upar – "Valley of Upar"). In 2006, vallenato and cumbia were added as a category in the Latin Grammy Awards. Colombia's traditional vallenato music is Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, according to UNESCO.
Ivan the Terrible (Prokofiev)
Ivan the Terrible (Russian: Иван Грозный, romanized: Ivan Grozny), Op. 116, is the score composed by Sergei Prokofiev for Sergei Eisenstein's film Ivan the Terrible (1945) and its sequel (1958), the first two parts of an incomplete trilogy.

In 1973 the composer Mikhail Chulaki and choreographer Yuri Grigorovich drew on Prokofiev's film score and other music to create the ballet Ivan the Terrible for the Bolshoi Ballet, which was given its premiere in 1975. Later performing editions of the scores include an oratorio put together by Michael Lankester (1989), and a concert scenario by Christopher Palmer (1991). The restoration of the entire original film score has been published and recorded.

Bolshoi Ballet
The Bolshoi Ballet is an internationally renowned classical ballet company based at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi is among the world's oldest ballet companies. In the early 20th century, it came to international prominence as Moscow became the capital of Soviet Russia. The Bolshoi has been recognised as one of the foremost ballet companies in the world. It has a branch at the Bolshoi Ballet Theater School in Joinville, Brazil.
Musta'li Ismailism
Musta'li Isma'ilism (Arabic: المستعلية, romanized: al-Mustaʿliyya) is a branch of Isma'ilism named for their acceptance of al-Musta'li as the legitimate ninth Fatimid caliph and legitimate successor to his father, al-Mustansir Billah (r. 1036–1094/1095). The Nizari the other living branch of Ismailism, led by Aga Khan V believe the ninth caliph was al-Musta'li's elder brother, Nizar.

The Musta'li originated in Fatimid-ruled Egypt, later moved its religious center to Yemen, and gained a foothold in 11th-century Western India through missionaries.

Aga Khan V
Shah Rahim al-Hussaini (Persian: رحیم الحسینی;‎ born 12 October 1971), known as the Aga Khan V (Persian: آقاخان پنجم, romanized: Āqā Khān Panjum), is a religious leader, philanthropist, and businessman. He is the 50th hereditary Imam of the Shia Nizari Isma'ili Muslims. The Qasimi Nizari Ismailis maintain that they are the only Shi‘i group today led by a living, present, hereditary Imam.

He is the second of four children of Shah Karim al-Husseini, who went by the title Aga Khan IV, and succeeded as the Nizari Imam following his father's death on 4 February 2025. He is the fifth person in the family to hold the title Aga Khan. Upon assuming the Imamate, he inherited his father's estate, which had been valued at over US$13.3 billion by Vanity Fair in 2013.
Inka (La Paz)
Inka (Aymara and Quechua for Inca, Hispanicized spelling Inca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Sud Yungas Province, Yanacachi Municipality. Inka lies north-east of the mountain Mururata and south-east of the mountain Wanakuni.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Mentzelia multiflora
Mentzelia multiflora, commonly known as Adonis blazingstar, Adonis stickleaf, desert blazingstar, prairie stickleaf and manyflowered mentzelia  is a herbaceous perennial wildflower of the family Loasaceae.

Loasaceae
Loasaceae is a family of 15–20 genera and about 200–260 species of flowering plants in the order Cornales, native to the Americas and Africa. Members of the family include annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants, and a few shrubs and small trees. Members of the subfamily Loasoideae are known to exhibit rapid thigmonastic stamen movement when pollinators are present.
1912 Chinese provisional presidential election
The 1912 Chinese provisional presidential election were the elections held on 15 February and 20 February 1912 in Nanjing for the second provisional President and Vice President of China.

After the Wuchang Uprising on 10 October 1911, Yuan Shikai, the powerful military officer was reappointed to lead the Beiyang Army by the Qing court. Yuan realized that Manchu's days were numbered and decided to establish a government himself. He attacked the revolutionaries to show his power, however left the negotiations open. After the revolutionaries promised him the presidency, he pressed the Qing court to abdicate. On 12 February 1912, the court authorized Yuan to organize a provisional republican government. Three days later, the incumbent provisional president Sun Yat-sen resigned and urged the National Assembly to elect Yuan.

Yuan Shikai and Li Yuan-hung were elected as president and vice-president respectively. Yuan sworn in on 10 March 1912 and moved to government to Beijing.

National Assembly (Beiyang government)
The National Assembly (Chinese: 國會) was the legislative branch of the Beiyang government during the Republican era of Chinese history. The National Assembly was first founded in 1913, following the overthrow of the previous Qing dynasty, as the first free democratic legislature in Chinese history. It was disbanded less than a year later as President Yuan Shikai assumed dictatorial power and declared himself the Emperor of China. During the Warlord Era, the National Assembly was resurrected and disbanded more than once as different warlords vied for power and legitimacy.

In 1925, the National Assembly, was dissolved by Duan Qirui as a result of the 1924 Beijing Coup and replaced by the Provisional Government led by Duan, Feng Yuxiang, responsible for the coup and Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. The Beiyang Government ceased to exist in 1928 as a result of the success of Chiang Kai-Shek's Northern Expedition, replacing it by the Nationalist Government.
Timeline of civil marriage in the United States
Many laws in the history of the United States have addressed marriage and the rights of married people.  Common themes addressed by these laws include polygamy, interracial marriage, divorce, and same-sex marriage.

Brown v. Buhman
Brown v. Buhman, No. 14-4117 (10th Cir. 2016), is a legal case in the United States federal courts challenging the State of Utah's criminal polygamy law. The action was filed in 2011 by polygamist Kody Brown along with his wives Meri Brown, Janelle Brown, Christine Brown, and Robyn Sullivan. The Brown family belongs to the Apostolic United Brethren faith. They are best known for the reality television series featuring them, Sister Wives.

The Browns prevailed in the district court in a 2013 ruling, but a unanimous three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit ordered the case to be dismissed on standing grounds in 2016. The Tenth Circuit concluded that because local Utah prosecutors had a policy of not pursuing polygamy per se in the absence of additional associated crimes (e.g., welfare fraud or marriage of underage persons), the Browns had no credible fear of future prosecution and thus lacked standing.
Geoffrey Dawson (cricketer)
Geoffrey Dawson (born 24 February 1940) was an English cricketer who played for Bedfordshire. He was born in Dunstable, Bedfordshire.

Dawson's first recorded Second XI matches came during the 1958 season, and he continued to play in the Second XI until 1969. His sole List A appearance came during the 1967 Gillette Cup, against Northamptonshire. Batting from the upper-middle order, he scored 14 runs in the match.

Bedfordshire County Cricket Club
Bedfordshire County Cricket Club is one of 20 Minor County clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Bedfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Bedfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1967 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team.