hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International University of Struga
International University of Struga (Macedonian: Меѓународен Универзитет Струга, Albanian:Universiteti Ndërkombetar i Strugës) is a university in North Macedonia. The university has two campuses based in Struga and Gostivar with roughly 2,500 students. The International University of Struga has four faculties: Faculty of Economy and Business, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Political Science and Information Technology.

Gostivar
Gostivar (Macedonian: Гостивар [ˈɡɔstivar] ⓘ; Albanian definite form: Gostivari) is a city in North Macedonia, located in the upper Polog valley region.  It is the seat of one of the larger municipalities in the country with a population of 59,770, and the town also covers 1.341 square kilometres (331 acres).  Gostivar has road and railway connections with the other cities in the region, such as Tetovo, Skopje, Kičevo, Ohrid, and Debar.  A freeway was built in 1995, from Gostivar to Tetovo, 24 km (15 mi) long. Gostivar is the seat of Gostivar Municipality.
Polynucleobacter difficilis
Polynucleobacter difficilis is an aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, chemo-organotrophic, nonmotile, freshwater bacterium of the genus Polynucleobacter, isolated from the Lake Sevan from a depth of 60 m in Armenia.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
Grenoble metropolitan area
Grenoble metropolitan area (French: aire d'attraction de Grenoble) as defined by INSEE in 2020 is the functional urban area of the city of Grenoble, southeastern France. It covers 204 communes, all in the Isère department. It has 714,799 inhabitants (2018) in an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), which is 39% of the Isère department. Grenoble and 15 other communes form the pôle urbain or urban cluster, the other 188 communes form the couronne or commuter belt. The most populous communes in the functional area are Grenoble, Échirolles, Fontaine, Meylan, Le Pont-de-Claix, Saint-Égrève, Saint-Martin-d'Hères, Sassenage, Seyssinet-Pariset and Voiron, all except Voiron part of the pôle urbain. It is the 11th-most populous functional urban area in France.

Échirolles
Échirolles (French pronunciation: [eʃiʁɔl] ⓘ; Arpitan: Ècherôles) is a commune in the Isère department, southeastern France. Part of the Grenoble urban unit (agglomeration), it is the second-largest suburb of the city of Grenoble, which is immediately to its north.
X Factor Česko a Slovensko
X Factor Česko a Slovensko is a Czech and Slovak reality television music competition created by Simon Cowell and produced by FremantleMedia, on TV Prima and TV JOJ. As part of The X Factor franchise, the series finds new singing talent, including solo artists and groups ages 12 and over, drawn from public auditions, and they compete against each other for votes. The winner is determined by Short Message Service voting of the show's audience and is awarded a recording contract worth €200.000.

The original judging consisted of Celeste Buckingham, Ondřej Brzobohatý, Sisa Sklovská and Oto Klempíř and Martin "Pyco" Rausch as hosts.

Oto Klempíř
Oto Klempíř (born 20 May 1963) is a Czech musician and politician, who has served as the Czech Minister of Culture in the third cabinet of Andrej Babiš since December 2025. He has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Motorists for Themselves since 2025. From 1989 to 2025, he was a frontman and lyricist for J.A.R. He has also written lyrics for Dan Bárta, Kamil Střihavka, Helena Vondráčková, Iveta Bartošová and Olympic.

From February 1984 to September 1985, Klempíř was an agent for the Czechoslovak state security service (StB).
Lees baronets of Longdendale (1937)
The Lees Baronetcy, of Longdendale in the County Palatine of Chester, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 2 March 1937 for Sir Clare Lees. He notably served as Deputy Chairman of Martins Bank.

Martins Bank
Martins Bank was a London private bank, trading for much of its time under the symbol of "The Grasshopper", that could trace its origins back to Thomas Gresham and the London goldsmiths, from which it developed into a bank known as Martin's Bank from 1890. That bank was acquired in 1918 by the Bank of Liverpool, which wanted Martins to give it a London presence and a seat on the London Bankers' Clearing House. The Martin name was retained in the title of the enlarged bank which was known as the Bank of Liverpool and Martins Limited. The title was shortened to Martins Bank Limited (without an apostrophe) in 1928 at the insistence of the directors of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Bank when it was bought by the Bank of Liverpool and Martins. The head office and managerial control remained firmly in Liverpool, cementing Martins' place as the only English national bank to have its head office outside London. It was taken over in 1969 by Barclays.
Jaghmini
Mahmūd ibn Muḥammad ibn Umar al-Jaghmini (Arabic: محمود بن محمد بن عمر الجغميني) or 'al-Chaghmīnī', or al-Jaghmini, was a 13th or 14th-century Arab physician, astronomer and author of the Qanunshah (The Canon of Medicine) a short epitome of by Avicenna in Persian, and Mulakhkhas (Summary), a work on astronomy.

Little of him is known beyond what is indicated by his name, that he was a native of Jaghmin, a village in Khwarezm (Khiva), current day Uzbekistan. He is sometimes confused with another Jaghmini who lived until the mid-14th century, but multiple sources show he was alive in the early 13th.

Khwarazm
42°18′N 59°9′E﻿ / ﻿42.300°N 59.150°E﻿ / 42.300; 59.150

Khwarazm or Chorasmia is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum Desert, on the south by the Karakum Desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau. It was the center of the Iranian Khwarezmian civilization until the 9th century, when Turkic tribes moved into and ruled the lands. A series of kingdoms such as the Afrighid dynasty and the Anushtegin dynasty, whose capitals were (among others) Kath, Gurganj (now Konye-Urgench) and—from the 16th century on—Khiva. Today Khwarazm belongs partly to Uzbekistan and partly to Turkmenistan.
Postbridge
Postbridge is a hamlet in the heart of Dartmoor in the English county of Devon. It lies on the B3212, roughly midway between Princetown and Moretonhampstead.

Postbridge is on the East Dart river, one of two main tributaries of the River Dart, and consists of a few houses, a shop, a pub and hotel, and a national park tourist information centre.

Postbridge is best known for its fine example of an ancient clapper bridge over the river. First recorded in the 14th century, the bridge is believed to have been built in the 13th century to enable pack horses to cross, carrying tin to the stannary town of Tavistock. The clapper bridge, a Grade II* listed structure, stands alongside a Grade II-listed bridge built in the 1780s.

The settlement is also infamous for the ghost story of the Hairy Hands, which supposedly manifest themselves on a road near the village.

Stannary
A stannary was an administrative division established under stannary law in the English counties of Cornwall and Devon to manage the collection of tin coinage, which was the duty payable on the metal tin smelted from cassiterite ore mined in the region. In Cornwall, the duty was passed to the Duchy of Cornwall; in Devon to the Crown.

With the abolition of tin coinage in 1838 (following extensive petitioning by the Cornish tin industry for simplification of the taxation rules), the principal purpose of the stannaries ceased. In Cornwall, however, they retained certain historic rights to appoint stannators to the Cornish Stannary Parliament.
USS Wyandance
USS Wyandance (SP-359) was a patrol boat that served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1918.

Wyandance was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1905 by the Electric Boat Company at Bayonne, New Jersey. On 19 June 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, Mr. M. S. Burrill of Jericho, Long Island, New York, for use as a patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned as USS Wyandance (SP-359) on 24 August 1917 at New York City.

Assigned to the 3rd Naval District, Wyandance served on section patrol duties in the New York City area for about five months.

Wyandance was decommissioned early in 1918. The Navy returned her to her owner on 2 February 1918, and she was stricken from the Navy Directory the same day.

General Dynamics Electric Boat
41°20′40″N 72°04′46″W﻿ / ﻿41.344343°N 72.079526°W﻿ / 41.344343; -72.079526

General Dynamics Electric Boat (GDEB) is a subsidiary of General Dynamics Corporation. It has been the primary builder of submarines for the United States Navy for more than 100 years. The company's main facilities are a shipyard in Groton, Connecticut; a hull-fabrication and outfitting facility in Quonset Point, Rhode Island; and a design and engineering facility in New London, Connecticut.
Sean O'Mahony (Gaelic footballer)
Sean O'Mahony is an Irish sportsperson.  He plays Gaelic football with his local club Castlegregory and was a member of the Kerry inter-county teams during the 90's. He was part of the Kerry Minor, Under 21, Junior and Senior teams.

Limerick GAA
The Limerick County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Luimneach) or Limerick GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Limerick. The county board is also responsible for the Limerick county teams.

The county hurling team has the fourth highest total of All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles, behind Kilkenny, Cork and Tipperary. The county football team was the first from the province of Munster both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final.

As of 2009, there were 108 clubs affiliated to Limerick GAA — the third highest, alongside Antrim.
Rincón Bay
Rincón Bay (Spanish: Bahía de Rincón) is the widest bay in the southern coast of Puerto Rico, located along the coasts of the municipalities of Salinas and Santa Isabel. The bay receives the flow of many rivers and creeks such as the Cayures, Jueyes and Nigua rivers. The Jauca Bay is a smaller cove located within the Rincón Bay in Jauca, Santa Isabel. The bay is also home to a number of small islands and keys covered in mangrove forests (protected as the Punta Petrona Nature Reserve and the Aguirre State Forest) which serve as the habitat to numerous species such as the West Indian manatee. Some of the settlements found in the bay are Jauca in the municipality of Santa Isabel, and Las Ochenta and Playa de Salinas in the municipality of Salinas.

Cove
A cove is a small bay or coastal inlet. They usually have narrow, restricted entrances, are often circular or oval, and are often situated within a larger bay. Small, narrow, sheltered bays, inlets, tidal creeks, or recesses in a coast are often considered coves.

Colloquially, the term can be used to describe a sheltered bay. Geomorphology describes coves as precipitously walled and rounded cirque-like openings like a valley extending into or down a mountainside, or in a hollow or nook of a cliff or steep mountainside. A cove can also refer to a corner, nook, or cranny, either in a river, road, or wall, especially where the wall meets the floor.
HTP 2
HTP 2 is the second album by the Hughes Turner Project, a collaboration between Glenn Hughes (Deep Purple, Black Sabbath, etc.) and Joe Lynn Turner (Rainbow, Yngwie Malmsteen, etc.); it was released in 2003 on MTM Music and Pony Canyon Records.

Yngwie Malmsteen
Yngwie Johan Malmsteen (/ˈɪŋveɪ ˈmɑːlmstiːn/; born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck, Swedish: [lâːʂ ˈjuːhan ˈʏŋvɛ lânːɛrbɛk] on 30 June 1963) is a Swedish-American guitarist. He first became known in the 1980s for his neoclassical playing style in heavy metal, and has released 22 studio albums in a career spanning over 40 years.
Bryan Reeves
Bryan K. Reeves (born July 10, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) and Arena Football League (AFL). He played in the NFL for the Arizona Cardinals and the AFL for the Anaheim Piranhas, Milwaukee Mustangs and New York CityHawks. He played college football at El Camino College, Arizona State and Nevada.

Milwaukee Mustangs (1994–2001)
The Milwaukee Mustangs were a professional arena football team based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The team was a member of the Arena Football League, playing from 1994 to 2001. The owner of the Mustangs was Andrew Vallozzi. The Mustangs played their home games at the Bradley Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
In the Presence of Mine Enemies
In the Presence of Mine Enemies is a 2003 alternate history novel by American author Harry Turtledove, expanded from the eponymous short story. The title comes from Psalm 23:5. The novel depicts a world in which the United States remained isolationist and so did not participate in the Second World War, thus allowing a victory to the Axis powers, which divided the world. However, some years after the war, the Third World War occurred and featured the Axis powers defeating the United States and Canada.

Set in 2010, the novel focuses on Heinrich Gimpel and a small group of Jews who survived the Holocaust by passing as Gentiles; all the book's viewpoint characters are members of this secret Jewish group. The events occur against a backdrop that parallels the Soviet Union's last days, with characters based upon Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin, and others.

Reichsführer-SS
Reichsführer-SS (German: [ˈʁaɪçsˌfyːʁɐ ˌʔɛsˈʔɛs] ⓘ, lit. 'Reich Leader-SS') was a special title and rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945 for the commander of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and it was the highest rank of the SS. The longest-serving and most noteworthy office holder was Heinrich Himmler.
Plumsted Township School District
The Plumsted Township School District is a comprehensive community public school district that educates students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Plumsted Township, in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the district, comprised of three schools, had an enrollment of 1,192 students and 95.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.5:1.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Luo Xian
Luo Xian (died 270), courtesy name Lingze, was a Chinese military general and politician of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. After the fall of Shu in 263, he continued serving under the Cao Wei state, then the succeeding Jin dynasty in 266. He is best known for defending his position at Yong'an (present-day Fengjie County, Chongqing) for about six months against attacks from Shu's former ally state Wu after the fall of Shu.

Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese official history written by Chen Shou in the late 3rd century CE, covering the end of the Han dynasty (c. 184 – 220 CE) and the subsequent Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE). It is regarded as to be the authoritative source text for these periods. Compiled following the reunification of China under the Jin dynasty (266–420), the work chronicles the political, social, and military events within rival states Cao Wei, Shu Han and Eastern Wu into a single text organized by individual biography.

The Records are the primary source of information for the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, considered to be one of the four classic novels emblematic of written vernacular Chinese.

While large subsections of the work have been selected and translated into English, the entire corpus has yet to receive an unabridged English translation.
Playmakers Laboratory
PlayMakers Laboratory (PML), formerly Barrel of Monkeys, is an arts-education and theater ensemble based in Chicago that works in under-served Chicago Public Schools. Founded by Erica Halverson and Halena Kays in 1997, PML consists of actors, musicians and teaching-artists that run in-school residency writing workshops, an after-school program and a weekly public performance, That's Weird, Grandma. The company works with elementary students in writing workshops, later adapting the students' original works to the stage.

Chicago Public Schools
Chicago Public Schools (CPS; administratively referred to by the state of Illinois as City of Chicago School District #299 for funding and districting reasons) is a public school district in the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

It is the fourth-largest school district in the United States (after New York, Los Angeles, and Miami-Dade County). CPS students attend a particular school based on their area of residence, except for charter, magnet, and selective enrollment schools.

As of 2023, CPS has 634 schools, including 477 elementary schools and 157 high schools; of which 514 were district-run, 111 were charter schools, 7 were contract schools, and 2 were SAFE schools.

CPS is led by a chief executive officer, an alternative title for the position of superintendent in most other public school systems.
Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad
The Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad (Arabic: مندي الصابئة المندائية, romanized: Mandi Al-Sabi'at Al-Manda'iyah) is a Mandaean temple in Baghdad, Iraq. It is located on the banks of the Tigris River in the Al-Qadisiyah neighborhood. Rishama Sattar Jabbar Hilow is the official head of the Mandi. The Mandi serves as the main administrative center for the Iraqi Mandaeans.

In the early 1980s, the Mandi was built on land originally owned by the Iraqi Ministry of Finance that was allocated to the Mandaean community, with an area of approximately 1,200 square metres. It has ritual halls and a guesthouse to receive and accommodate visitors.

Ministry of Finance (Iraq)
The Ministry of Finance (MoF; Arabic: وزارة المالية) is a central government ministry of Iraq tasked with formulating financial policies of the state, preparing the general budget bill, and overseeing as well as managing public expenditure.

The banks of Rafidain and Rasheed, as well several other enterprises, are operated by the ministry. It publishes a monthly report called the Open Budget Survey.

The headquarters is located in Bab al-Muadham, east of the river Tigris, Baghdad. The incumbent Minister of Finance since 27 October 2022 is Taif Sami Mohammed.
Oracle Exalogic
Exalogic is a computer appliance made by Oracle Corporation, commercially available since 2010. It is a cluster of x86-64-servers running Oracle Linux or Solaris preinstalled.

Its full trade mark is Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud (derived from the SI prefix exa- and -logic, probably from Weblogic), positioned by the vendor as a preconfigured clustered application server to use for cloud computing with elastic computing abilities.

Computer appliance
A computer appliance is a computer system with a combination of hardware, software, or firmware that is specifically designed to provide a particular computing resource. Such devices became known as appliances because of the similarity in role or management to a home appliance, which are generally closed and sealed, and are not serviceable by the user or owner. The hardware and software are delivered as an integrated product and may even be pre-configured before delivery to a customer, to provide a turn-key solution for a particular application. Unlike general purpose computers, appliances are generally not designed to allow the customers to change the software and the underlying operating system, or to flexibly reconfigure the hardware.

Another form of appliance is the virtual appliance, which has similar functionality to a dedicated hardware appliance, but is distributed as a software virtual machine image for a hypervisor-equipped device.
Wheeler Mellette Tillman
Wheeler Mellette Tillman (born August 25, 1941 – November 15, 2021) was an American politician in the state of South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives as a member of the Democratic Party from 1972 to 1976, representing Charleston County, South Carolina. He was a lawyer in Charleston. He died in North Charleston, South Carolina at the age of 80.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Akim Kozlov
Akim Alekseïevitch Kozlov (in Russian: Аким Алексеевич Козлов) (9 September 1908 – 22 November 1992) was a Soviet trombonist.

Born in Yarygino, in the Sychyovsky Uyezd of the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire, Kozlov was first solo trombone of the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Yevgeny Mravinsky for more than 50 years. In 1956 he was made Meritorious Artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. He was also teacher of trombone at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory (from 1946 to 1970) and  that of Petrozavodsk (from 1970 to 1985).

Kozlov died in St-Petersburg in 1992.

Sychyovsky Uyezd
Sychyovsky Uyezd (Сычёвский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Sychyovka.
Poonthottam Achhan Nambudiri
Poonthottam Achhan Nambudiri (also known as Poonthottam Parameshwaran Nambudiri) (c. 1821-1865) was a poet of the Venmani School of Malayalam Literature.

Nambudiri was born in about 1821 in Killikkurussimangalam, Palakkad district.  He was a close friend and associate of Venmani Achhan Nambudiripad from Kodungalloor.

Nambudiri was a talented poet whose works include Ambareesha Charitham (Ottan Thullal), Kaalakeya Vadham (Seethankan Thullal), Syamanthakam (Aattakkathha) and a few Muktakams.  His son Damodaran Nambudiri was also a poet and was known as Poonthottam Mahan Nambudiri.

Killikkurussimangalam
Killikkurussimangalam (also known as Lakkidi) is a village around 8 km from nearby town Ottappalam in Palakkad district of Kerala, south India. The river Nila (Bharatapuzha) flows through the southern border of Lakkidi.