hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
About Time (book)
About Time: Einstein's Unfinished Revolution (ISBN 978-0-684-81822-1), published in 1995, is the second book written by Paul Davies, regarding the subject of time. His first book on time was his The Physics of Time Asymmetry (1977)(ISBN 0-520-02825-2). The intended audience is the general public, rather than science academics.

About Time explores selected mysteries of spacetime, following on from Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, which Davies believes does not fully explain time as humans experience it. The author explains

Important though Einstein's time turned out to be, it still did not solve "the riddle of time".

The book delves into the nature of metaphysics, time, motion and gravity, covering a wide range of aspects surrounding the current cosmological debate, across 283 pages in great detail. It includes an index, a bibliography, and numerous diagrams.

Bibliography
Bibliography (from Ancient Greek: βιβλίον, romanized: biblion, lit. 'book' and -γραφία, -graphía, 'writing'), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Ancient Greek: -λογία, romanized: -logía). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes bibliography as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography).
Chili powder
Chili powder (also spelled chile, chilli, or, alternatively, powdered chili) is the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper, sometimes with the addition of other spices (in which case it is also sometimes known as chili powder blend or chili seasoning mix). It is used as a spice (or spice blend) to add pungency (piquancy) and flavor to culinary dishes. In American English, the spelling is usually "chili"; in British English, "chilli" (with two "l"s) is used consistently.

Chili powder is used in many different cuisines, including American (particularly Tex-Mex), Chinese, Indian, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi, Mexican, Nigerian, Portuguese, Vietnamese and Thai.

Pungency
Pungency (/ˈpʌndʒənsi/ ⓘ PUN-jən-see), commonly referred to as spiciness, hotness or heat,  is a sensation that contributes to the flavor of certain foods such as chili peppers. Highly pungent foods may be experienced as unpleasant. The term piquancy (/ˈpiːkənsi/ PEEK-ən-see) is sometimes applied to foods with a lower degree of pungency that are "agreeably stimulating to the palate". In addition to chili peppers, piquant ingredients include wasabi, horseradish and mustard. The primary substances responsible for pungency are capsaicin (in chilis), piperine (in peppercorns) and allyl isothiocyanate (in radishes, mustard and wasabi).
Ortega, Tolima
Ortega (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾˈteɣa]) is a town and municipality in the Tolima department of Colombia. Ortega is located at altitudes from 402 to 2,687 metres (1,319 to 8,816 ft) above sea level, and has a surface area of 945.93 square kilometres (365.23 sq mi). The average temperature ranges from 14 to 26 °C (57 to 79 °F).

Tolima Department
Tolima (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈlima]) is one of the 32 departments of Colombia, located in the Andean region, in the center-west of the country. It is bordered on the north and the west by the department of Caldas; on the east by the department of Cundinamarca; on the south by the department of Huila, and on the west by the departments of Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Quindío and Risaralda. Tolima has a surface area of 23,562 km2, and its capital is Ibagué. The department of Tolima was created in 1861 from a part of what was previously Cundinamarca.
Carbon peapod
Carbon peapod is a hybrid nanomaterial consisting of spheroidal fullerenes encapsulated within a carbon nanotube. It is named due to their resemblance to the seedpod of the pea plant. Since the properties of carbon peapods differ from those of nanotubes and fullerenes, the carbon peapod can be recognized as a new type of a self-assembled graphitic structure. Possible applications of nano-peapods include nanoscale lasers, single electron transistors, spin-qubit arrays for quantum computing, nanopipettes, and data storage devices thanks to the memory effects and superconductivity of nano-peapods.

Nanolaser
A nanolaser is a laser that has nanoscale dimensions and it refers to a micro-/nano- device which can emit light with light or electric excitation of nanowires or other nanomaterials that serve as resonators. A standard feature of nanolasers includes their light confinement on a scale approaching or suppressing the diffraction limit of light. These tiny lasers can be modulated quickly and, combined with their small footprint, this makes them ideal candidates for on-chip optical computing.
Menceyato of Taoro
Taoro was one of nine Guanche menceyatos (native kingdoms) in which the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands) was divided at the time of the arrival of the conquering Spaniards.

Taoro was considered the most powerful aboriginal kingdom on the island. It spanned the existing municipalities of Puerto de la Cruz, La Orotava, La Victoria de Acentejo, La Matanza de Acentejo, Los Realejos and Santa Úrsula. Its mencey (king) at the time of the Spanish arrival was Bencomo and the final mencey was Bentor, who ruled the kingdom from November 1495 until his suicide in February 1496.

Puerto de la Cruz
Puerto de la Cruz is a city and municipality in the northern part of the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. It was formerly known by its English translation, "Port of the Cross", although now it is known by its Spanish name in all languages. Puerto de la Cruz is located on the northern coast, 4 km (2 mi) northwest of La Orotava and 30 km (19 mi) west of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The TF-5 motorway passes through the municipality. The population is 30,483 (2018). In Spanish, the local inhabitants are known as Portuenses. With an area of 8.73 km2 (3 sq mi), the municipality is the smallest in Tenerife. The elevation of the town's centre is 9 m (30 ft) above sea level and the highest point being Las Arenas, a volcanic cone with an elevation of 249 m (817 ft).
Yamabe invariant
In mathematics, in the field of differential geometry, the Yamabe invariant, also referred to as the sigma constant, is a real number invariant associated to a smooth manifold that is preserved under diffeomorphisms.  It was first written down independently by O. Kobayashi and R. Schoen and takes its name from H. Yamabe. Used by Vincent Moncrief and Arthur Fischer to study reduced Hamiltonian for Einstein's equations.

Diffeomorphism
In mathematics, a diffeomorphism is an isomorphism of differentiable manifolds. It is an invertible function that maps one differentiable manifold to another such that both the function and its inverse are continuously differentiable.
Rostovsky (inhabited locality)
Rostovsky (Russian: Ростовский; masculine), Rostovskaya (Ростовская; feminine), or Rostovskoye (Ростовское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Rostovsky (rural locality), a settlement in Khvastovichsky District of Kaluga Oblast

Rostovskoye, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Konetsgorsky Selsoviet of Vinogradovsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast

Rostovskoye, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Kamensky Rural Okrug of Chernyakhovsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast

Vinogradovsky District
Vinogradovsky District (Russian: Виногра́довский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Vinogradovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Pinezhsky District in the northeast, Verkhnetoyemsky District in the southeast, Shenkursky District in the south, Plesetsky District in the southwest, the town of oblast significance of Mirny in the west, and with Kholmogorsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 12,600 square kilometers (4,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Bereznik. Population:  16,753 (2010 Census); 20,862 (2002 Census); 24,834 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bereznik accounts for 35.9% of the district's total population.
New Trier Township, Illinois
New Trier Township (/trɪər/) is one of 29 townships in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 57,371.

The township contains New Trier High School, but the borders of the school district do not line up exactly with the borders of the township.

New Trier High School
New Trier High School (/trɪər/; also known as New Trier Township High School or NTHS) is a public four-year high school whose main campus for sophomores through seniors is in Winnetka, Illinois, United States, with a campus in Northfield, Illinois, for first-year classes and district administration. Founded in 1901, the school serves the Chicago suburbs of Wilmette, Kenilworth, Winnetka, Glencoe, and Northfield, as well as parts of Northbrook, Glenview, and unincorporated Cook County. New Trier's seal depicts the Porta Nigra, a symbol of Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The athletic teams are known as the Trevians, an archaic demonym for the people of Trier.
Bucherer
Bucherer Ltd. (also Bucherer Group) is a multibrand watch and jewellery retailer based in Switzerland with over 100 stores worldwide. It was founded in 1888 by Carl F. Bucherer, who also became the namesake of a luxury Swiss watch brand. Bucherer retails brand including Rolex, Carl F. Bucherer, Baume & Mercier, Blancpain, Breguet, Cartier, Chopard, Girard-Perregaux, Jaeger-LeCoultre, Longines, Oris, Panerai, Piaget, Rado, Roger Dubuis, TAG Heuer, Tissot, Tudor, Ulysse Nardin and Vacheron Constantin.

In 2023, Bucherer was bought by Rolex.

Blancpain
46°34′47″N 6°12′47″E﻿ / ﻿46.57977°N 6.21312°E﻿ / 46.57977; 6.21312

Blancpain SA (French pronunciation: [blɑ̃pɛ̃]) is a Swiss luxury watch manufacturer, headquartered in Paudex/Le Brassus, Switzerland. It designs, manufactures, distributes, and sells prestige and luxury mechanical watches. Founded by Jehan-Jacques Blancpain in Villeret, Switzerland, in 1735, Blancpain is the oldest registered watch brand in the world. Blancpain has been a subsidiary of the Swiss Swatch Group since 1992, and is regarded as a top-tier watch brand.

It is best known for its Fifty Fathoms diving watch introduced in 1953 (disputed claim), and its 1735 Grand complication wristwatch, introduced in 1991.
Herodian (commander)
Herodian was an officer in the Byzantine army during the rule of Justinian I. He served under Belisarius during the Gothic War, remaining in Italy after the later's departure. He later surrendered Spolitium to Totila.

Italian Peninsula
The Italian Peninsula (Italian: penisola italica or penisola italiana) is located within the Italian geographical region; it extends from the southern Alps in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south which comprises much of the country of Italy and the enclaved microstates of San Marino and Vatican City.
The peninsula is also known as the Italic Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Italian Boot, or Mainland Italy.
Simone Valli
Simone Valli (born 3 March 1995) is an Italian footballer Currently  playing as a Midfielder for Marines F.C. in Thai League 3. The club is in Sattaip (Chonburi Province). Though he played football in several countries Been also a Capitain in Second League in Cambodia. He also can Speaks multiple leanguage.

Thai League 3
Thai League 3 (Thai: ไทยลีก 3), commonly known as the T3, is the third level of Thai football. It was started in 2017 First season. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Dolphin League III. In 2017, the League is divided in 2 regions and participated by 32 clubs 1st-4th clubs from 8 regions which are former members Regional League Division 2 and debutants in the season.
Kirkland, Quebec
Kirkland is an on-island suburb on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is named after Charles-Aimé Kirkland, a Quebec provincial politician. It was incorporated as a town in 1961.

Kirkland is primarily a residential community, with a commercial core, and an industrial park straddling the Trans-Canada Highway (Autoroute 40). In 1997, that portion of the Autoroute 40 was renamed to Félix-Leclerc Highway. The city is composed of mainly single-family residences, with some multi-unit facilities (apartments, town houses, and condos) available.

Island of Montreal
The Island of Montreal (French: Île de Montréal, [il d(ə) mɔ̃ʁeal]) is an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, which is the site of a number of municipalities, including most of the city of Montreal, and is the most populous island in Canada as well as the world's most populous freshwater island. It is the main island of the Hochelaga Archipelago at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers.
Metaphilosophy (journal)
Metaphilosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering metaphilosophy. It is abstracted and indexed by PhilPapers and the Philosopher's Index.

Metaphilosophy was established in 1970 by Terry Bynum and Richard Reese. "Metaphilosophy" was given a working definition in the first issue of the journal as "the investigation of the nature of philosophy, with the central aim of arriving at a satisfactory explanation of the absence of uncontested philosophical claims and arguments." The journal is published by John Wiley & Sons and the editor-in-chief is Armen T. Marsoobian (Southern Connecticut State University).

Philosopher's Information Center
The Philosopher's Information Center is a nonprofit, educational organization. It was founded in 1967 by Richard H. Lineback, who continues to serve as president.

The center is publisher of The Philosopher's Index, a comprehensive bibliography of publications in philosophy and related disciplines that date back to 1902 and originate in 140 countries. Since its founding, the center has worked to expand the scope of the index. The center has received major funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities for retrospective, international, and book projects.
Hanne Haller
Hanne Haller (January 14, 1950 in Rendsburg, Germany - November 15, 2005 in Tegernsee, Germany; full name Hannelore Haller) was a German pop singer (genre known as "schlager" in German), composer, writer, producer, and sound engineer.

Note: this entry is based on a translation of the entry in the German version of Wikipedia.

Tegernsee
Tegernsee (German pronunciation: [ˈteːɡɐnˌzeː] ⓘ) is a town in the Miesbach district of Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the banks of Lake Tegernsee, which is 747 m (2,451 ft) above sea level. A spa town, it is surrounded by an alpine landscape of Upper Bavaria, and has an economy mainly based on tourism.

The town is home to a former Benedictine monastery, the Tegernsee Abbey. Today the building is a Schloss. The northern wing of the abbey contains a brewery that produces the famous Tegernsee Lager Beer.
Shizuoka Railway A3000 series
The Shizuoka Railway A3000 series (静岡鉄道A3000形, Shizuoka Tetsudō A3000-gata) is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train operated by the private railway operator Shizuoka Railway in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, since 24 March 2016.

Shizuoka Railway
The Shizuoka Railway Company, Ltd. (静岡鉄道株式会社, Shizuoka Tetsudō kabushiki gaisha), also known as "Shizutetsu", is a private railway in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, and is majority owned by Tokyu Corporation. In addition to its railway business, the Shizuoka Railway Company owns large bus and taxi services, a department store, supermarkets, a construction company and real estate holdings.
Murunda dynasty
The Murunda dynasty ruled in the Utkal region of modern Odisha in eastern India during 2nd and 3rd centuries CE. Their territory included parts of the area around the northern districts of coastal Odisha. They appear to have succeeded the Mahameghavahana dynasty and then replaced by Nagas of Vindhyatabi and the Gupta Empire.

Utkala kingdom
Utkala kingdom was located in the northern and eastern portion of the modern-day Indian state of Odisha. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata, with the names Utkala, Utpala, and Okkal. It is mentioned in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana.
Bariyarpur, Rautahat
Bariyarpur  was a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal.

Just before 2017 Nepalese local elections, it was merged with other 5 Village development committees, Samanpur, Sangrampur, Bahuwa Madanpur, Dharampur and Gamhariya to form Gadhimai Municipality.

At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4600 people living in 878 individual households.

2017 Nepalese local elections
The 2017 Nepalese local elections were held in Nepal in three phases on 14 May, 28 June and 18 September in 6 metropolitan cities, 11 sub-metropolitan cities, 276 municipalities and 460 rural municipalities. It was the first local level election to be held since the promulgation of the 2015 constitution.
Agneta Lundberg
Agneta Lundberg (born 1947) is a Swedish politician of the Social Democratic Party. She was a member of the Riksdag from 1994 to 2010. She represented Västernorrland County. One of her positions in the Riksdag was as a member of the Committee on Education. Lundberg is an economist and has previously worked as a chamberlain and as a country merchant. She lives in the village of Björna in Örnsköldsvik Municipality and has two children.

Örnsköldsvik Municipality
Örnsköldsvik Municipality (Swedish: Örnsköldsviks kommun; Southern Sami: Orrestaaren tjïelte) is one of Sweden's 290 municipalities, in Västernorrland County in northern Sweden. Its seat is in the town Örnsköldsvik. The present municipality was created in 1971 by the amalgamation of the City of Örnsköldsvik with seven former rural municipalities.
St. Edward High School
St. Edward High School is a name shared by several high schools:

St. Edward Central Catholic High School (Elgin, Illinois)

St. Edward High School (Nebraska), St. Edward, Nebraska

St. Edward High School (Lakewood, Ohio)

St. Edward's High School  (Austin, Texas)

St. Edward's High School
St. Edward's High School was a private Roman Catholic institution of higher learning located in south Austin, Texas. The high school was known for offering high quality college preparatory education and for its campus situated on a hill overlooking the city. The campus's most prominent landmark is the recognizable neo-gothic Main Building.
Skiing in Slovenia
Skiing is very popular in Slovenia and has a tradition spanning over 300 years. There are a number of small skiing centres in Slovenia. The largest skiing centres are Krvavec, Cerkno, Rogla, Kanin, Kranjska Gora, Maribor Pohorje, and Vogel. The oldest description was published by Janez Vajkard Valvasor in 1689. It outlined the skiers of Bloke, which is a plateau in southwestern Slovenia. The Bloke skiers used long wooden planks to ski. The umbrella organisation for skiing in Slovenia is the Ski Association of Slovenia, the predecessor of which was established in 1922. In 1895, one of the first skiing competitions in Europe took place near Ajdovščina, and a skiing course was organised by Rudolf Badjura in Tivoli City Park in 1913 and 1914. The largest sports competition in Slovenia were the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2023, which were attended by 2000 sportspeople from 66 countries.

Ski Association of Slovenia
The Ski Association of Slovenia (Slovene: Smučarska zveza Slovenije; SZS), also known by its brand name SLOSKI, is the main organization devoted to skiing sports in Slovenia. Headquartered in Ljubljana, it represents Slovenia in the International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS), and is a member of the Olympic Committee of Slovenia.

Founded in 1948, it covers the skiing disciplines of alpine, cross-country, Nordic combined, ski jumping, and snowboarding.

The current president is Luka Steiner who in October 2025 succeeded Enzo Smrekar.
St. Andrews Heights, Calgary
St. Andrews Heights is a residential neighbourhood in the northwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by the Trans-Canada Highway, to the east by Crowchild Trail, to the south by Toronto Crescent, and to the west by 29 Street. The Foothills Medical Centre occupies the northwestern corner of the community, and McMahon Stadium and the Foothills Athletic Park borders to the northeast. The Bow River flows immediately south of the neighbourhood.

The area was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1910 and St. Andrews Heights was established in 1953. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 7 councillor.

Crowchild Trail
Crowchild Trail is a major expressway in western Calgary, Alberta. The segment from the 12 Mile Coulee Road at the edge of the city to Stoney Trail is designated as Highway 1A by Alberta Transportation; however, prior to the completion of Stoney Trail the Highway 1A designation formerly extended to 16 Avenue NW (Trans-Canada Highway, Highway 1). The road is a critical north–south link in West Calgary for both downtown-bound traffic and travel between the two quadrants of the city it passes through. Although planned to be one single freeway from Glenmore Trail to the city limits, the route is divided by a section of slow-moving arterial road with four signalized intersections between 24 Avenue and Memorial Drive. This separates the freeway in the northwest from the freeway south of the Bow River. Filling the gap and making the whole route a minimum six-lane freeway is planned for construction beyond 2027.
The Most Incredible Thing
"The Most Incredible Thing" (Danish: Det Utroligste) is the final literary fairy tale by Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen (1805–1875). The story is about a contest to find the most incredible thing and the wondrous consequences when the winner is chosen.  The tale was first published in an English translation by Horace Scudder, an American correspondent of Andersen's, in the United States in September 1870 before being published in the original Danish in Denmark in October 1870. "The Most Incredible Thing" was the first of Andersen's tales to be published in Denmark during World War II. Andersen considered the tale one of his best.

Hans Christian Andersen
Hans Christian Andersen (/ˈændərsən/ AN-dər-sən; Danish: [ˈhænˀs ˈkʰʁestjæn ˈɑnɐsn̩, - ˈkʰʁæs-] ⓘ; 2 April 1805 – 4 August 1875) was a Danish author. Although a prolific writer of plays, travelogues, novels, and poems, he is best remembered for his literary fairy tales.

Andersen's fairy tales, consisting of 156 stories across nine volumes, have been translated into more than 125 languages. They have become embedded in Western collective consciousness, accessible to children as well as presenting lessons of virtue and resilience in the face of adversity for mature readers. His most famous fairy tales include "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Little Mermaid", "The Nightingale", "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", "The Red Shoes", "The Princess and the Pea", "The Snow Queen", "The Ugly Duckling", "The Little Match Girl", and "Thumbelina." Andersen's stories have inspired ballets, plays, and animated and live-action films.