hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geoff Hammond (footballer)
Geoff Hammond is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender.

In 1970, Hammond began his career with Ipswich Town. He transferred to Manchester City in 1976 for two seasons, then moved to Charlton Athletic for one season, before ending his career with the Connecticut Bicentennials of the North American Soccer League in 1977.

Hammond's daughter, Kelly, married Ipswich Town goalkeeper Richard Wright, in 2000.

Connecticut Bicentennials
The Connecticut Bicentennials were an American soccer team that competed in the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1975 to 1977. Originally founded as the Hartford Bicentennials, the team relocated to New Haven, Connecticut after the 1976 NASL season.  At the end of 1977 season, the team was sold and relocated to California becoming the Oakland Stompers.
Tactical formation
In  military-style operations, a tactical formation (or tactical order) is the arrangement or deployment of movable military  or policing forces such as infantry, cavalry, AFVs, military aircraft, or naval vessels.

Cavalry tactics
For much of history, humans have used some form of cavalry for war and, as a result, cavalry tactics have evolved over time. Tactically, the main advantages of cavalry over infantry were greater mobility, a larger impact, and a higher riding position.
Sophia the Ocean
Sophia The Ocean is an alternative rock band from Viña del Mar, Chile formed in 2007. The  band music mixture alternative rock, pop punk, experimental rock, indie rock, electronic music, power pop, soul, blues and R&B, also post-hardcore and emo in the first EP. The songs of the band contain English and Spanish, sometimes both in one song, this is because the brothers Osses lived some years on Hallandale, Florida.

The name of the band means "wisdom of the ocean", the female name "Sophia", means "wisdom", according by words of Juan Pablo Osses.

The band influences are variety, New Kids On The Block, Justin Timberlake, Ne-Yo, Sugar Ray, Nsync, Lagwagon, Pennywise, NOFX, Sublime, Every Avenue, The Audition, The Killers, Kings of Leon, Maroon 5, Bee Gees, Lit, Simple Plan, Panic! at the Disco, Comeback Kid, Anberlin, Emery, among many others.

Hallandale Beach, Florida
Hallandale Beach (formerly known simply as Hallandale) is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is named after Luther Halland, the son of a Swedish worker for Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad. It is also part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2023 census, its population was 41,547.

The city is known as the home of Gulfstream Park (horse racing and casino) and Big Easy Casino, a greyhound racing track, which hosts the World Classic. It also has a sizable downtown financial district with banks, brokerage houses, and restaurants. Together with neighbouring Hollywood, Florida, it is a popular center for Canadian tourists, leading to its description as "Canada's southernmost city."
Sekyere West District
Sekyere West District is a former district that was located in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988, which was created from the former Sekyere District Council. However on 29 February 2008, it was split off into two new districts: Mampong Municipal District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on that same year; capital: Mampong) and Sekyere Central District (capital: Nsuta). The district assembly was located in the northern part of Ashanti Region and had Mampong as its capital town.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
Nara Saho College
Nara Saho College (奈良佐保短期大学, Nara Saho Tanki Daigaku) is a private junior college in the city of Nara in Nara Prefecture, Japan. The predecessor of the school, founded in 1931, was chartered as a women's junior college in 1965. In 2001 it became coeducational, adopting the present name at the same time.

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
Jetline (roller coaster)
Jetline was a steel roller coaster at Gröna Lund in Stockholm, Sweden. It opened on 23 April 1988 and was built by Zierer. In 2000, it was modified by Maurer AG to have a longer and steeper first drop, as well as to feature a tunnel at the bottom of the drop.

On 25 June 2023, a derailment occurred, causing the death of one rider and injuries to nine others. The ride did not operate again after this incident, and was eventually dismantled.

Steel roller coaster
A steel roller coaster is a type of roller coaster classified by its steel track, which consists of long steel tubes that are run in pairs, supported by larger steel columns or beams. Trains running along the track typically rely on wheels made of polyurethane or nylon to keep each train car anchored to the track. The introduction of tubular steel drastically changed roller coaster innovation, allowing for greater speeds, higher drops, and more intense elements such as inversions.

Arrow Dynamics is credited with inventing tubular steel track and introducing the first modern steel coaster with the opening of Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland in 1959. Older steel-tracked coasters existed previously in a simpler form, such as Little Dipper at Memphis Kiddie Park in Brooklyn, Ohio, which is the oldest operating steel coaster in North America. The oldest in the world is Montaña Suiza at Parque de Atracciones Monte Igueldo (Spain), which has been operating since 1928.
Simon Every
Sir Simon Every, 1st Baronet (1603–1647) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1640. He was a supporter of the Royalist cause in the English Civil War, and the first of the Every Baronets.

Every was born at Chardstock (then in Dorset, located in Devon since 1896) to John Every of Wycroft Castle, and his wife Elizabeth Lambert. He married Anne Leigh, daughter of Sir Henry Leigh of Egginton, and after marriage took Egginton Hall as his seat. He was elected Member of Parliament for Leicester for the Short Parliament in April 1640, and created a baronet, of Egginton in the County of Derby in the Baronetage of England on 26 May 1641. He suffered for his support of the King during the Civil War and his estates were compounded, along with those of his cousins Worthington and John Brice of Dinnington.

Leicester (UK Parliament constituency)
Leicester was a parliamentary borough in Leicestershire, which elected two members of parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1918, when it was split into three single-member divisions.
Quasintoceras
Quasintoceras is a genus of goniatitid ammonites from the Lower Carboniferous Visean included in the Intoceratidae of the Pericyclaceae, now Pericycloidea.

Aquilonites, Intoceras, and Oxintoceras are among related genera.

Viséan
The Visean, Viséan or Visian is an age in the ICS geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the second stage of the Mississippian, the lower subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Visean lasted from 346.7 to 330.3 Ma. It follows the Tournaisian age/stage and is followed by the Serpukhovian age/stage.
New York (Ja Rule song)
"New York" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Ja Rule, released on October 27, 2004 as the second single from his sixth studio album R.U.L.E. (2004). The track, produced by Cool & Dre, features fellow New York rappers Fat Joe and Jadakiss. The song's chorus is based on Boogie Down Productions' 1990 song, "100 Guns".

The music video was directed in New York City, and features cameo appearances by many local artists. The song peaked at number 27 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, number 14 on US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, and number 10 on Hot Rap Songs charts respectively.

Refrain
A refrain (from Vulgar Latin: refringere, "to repeat", through Old French: refraindre) is the line or lines that are repeated in poetry or in music—the "chorus" of a song. Poetic fixed forms that feature refrains include the villanelle, the virelay, and the sestina.

In popular music, the refrain or chorus may contrast with the verse melodically, rhythmically, and harmonically; it may assume a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation. Chorus form, or strophic form, is a sectional and/or additive way of structuring a piece of music based on the repetition of one formal section or block played.
Community Université Grenoble Alpes
The Community Université Grenoble Alpes (French: Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes) is the association of universities and higher education institutions (ComUE) for institutions of higher education and research for Grenoble, Chambéry, Annecy and Valence in the Rhône-Alpes region of France.

The association was created as a ComUE according to the 2013 Law on Higher Education and Research (France), effective December 29, 2014. At the same time, the three Grenoble universities announced a plan to officially merge as of 1 January 2016.

Groups of universities and institutions (France)
In France, Communautés d'Universités et Établissements (COMUEs; Communities of Universities and Institutions) are groups of universities and higher education institutions. A COMUE is a form of Établissement Public à caractère Scientifique, Culturel et Professionnel (EPCSP).

These organizations were created with the Law on Higher Education and Research of July 2013. It replaced the previous structure, the Pôle de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur (PRES), that existed from 2007 to 2013. Unlike the former PRES, they are able to award degrees, and have program budgets.
Bahalkeh-ye Nafas
Bahalkeh-ye Nafas (Persian: بهلكه نفس, also known as Mahlakeh Nafas) is a village in Katul Rural District, in the Central District of Aliabad County, Golestan Province, Iran. In 2016 census, its population was 698, in 196 households. Increased from 301 people in 2006.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Utetheisa variolosa
Utetheisa variolosa is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1869. It is found on the Nicobar Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean.

Cajetan von Felder
Baron Cajetan von Felder (German: Cajetan Freiherr von Felder; 19 September 1814 – 30 November 1894) was an Austrian lawyer, entomologist and liberal politician. He served as mayor of Vienna from 1868 to 1878.
Château Lafon-Rochet
45°13′46″N 0°47′16″W﻿ / ﻿45.22941°N 0.78777°W﻿ / 45.22941; -0.78777

Château Lafon-Rochet is a winery in the Saint-Estèphe appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. The wine produced here was classified as one of ten Quatrièmes Crus (Fourth Growths) in the historic Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.  The Chateau has 111 acres (45 ha) planted with Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Petit Verdot. A second wine is produced under the label Les Pelerins de Lafon-Rochet. The Chateau is owned by the Tesseron family who made their fortune in the Cognac trade and also own Château Pontet-Canet.

Purchased by Guy Tesseron in the 1960s, it was the first Médoc chateau to be rebuilt in the 20th century.

Petit Verdot
Petit Verdot is a variety of red wine grape, principally used in classic Bordeaux blends. It ripens much later than the other varieties in Bordeaux, often too late, so it fell out of favour in its home region. When it does ripen it adds tannin, colour and flavour, in small amounts, to the blend. Petit verdot has attracted attention among winemakers in the New World, where it ripens more reliably and has been made into single varietal wine. It is also useful in 'stiffening' the mid palate of Cabernet Sauvignon blends.

When young its aromas have been likened to banana and pencil shavings. Strong tones of violet and leather develop as it matures.
Halton West
Halton West is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population in 2015 at 70. It is situated on the River Ribble and is 7 miles (11 km) north of Barnoldswick, 7 miles (11 km) south of Settle and 12 miles (19 km) west of Skipton.

The place was first recorded in about 1200 as Halton.  The name is derived from the Old English halh 'nook' and tūn 'farm or village', so means 'farm or village in or by a nook'. "West" was added to distinguish the village from another Halton, now Halton East, 12 miles (19 km) to the east.

Halton West, historically also known as West Halton, was a township in the ancient parish of Long Preston in the West Riding of Yorkshire.  It became a civil parish in 1866, and in 1974 was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Craven District
Craven was a non-metropolitan district in the west of North Yorkshire, England, centred on the market town of Skipton. The name Craven is much older than the modern district and encompassed a larger area. This history is also reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, such as by the Church of England.

From 1974 until 2023, the name Craven was used for a separate local government district, formed originally as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District; all were historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1 April 2023, the area has formed part of the new North Yorkshire Council unitary authority. The population of the Local Authority area at the 2011 Census was 55,409; it comprised the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Wang Yanzheng
Wang Yanzheng (Chinese: 王延政) (died 951?), also known by his era name as the Tiande Emperor (天德帝), posthumous name Prince Gongyi of Fu (福恭懿王), was the founder and only emperor of Yin, who later became the last monarch of Min, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China.

In 943, he, then in civil war with his brother Wang Yanxi (Emperor Jingzong), declared himself emperor of a new Yin dynasty at his power base at Jian Prefecture (建州, in modern Nanping, Fujian), but after Wang Yanxi was killed by the general Zhu Wenjin, who was himself assassinated thereafter, Wang Yanzheng claimed the title of Emperor of Min, thereby putting an end to the state of Yin. His reign would last less than three years overall, though, as Min's northwestern neighbor Southern Tang bore down militarily on him and forced his surrender, thus ending Min.

Min (Ten Kingdoms)
Min (Chinese: 閩; pinyin: Mǐn) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms in existence between the years of 909 and 945. It existed in a mountainous region of modern-day Fujian province of China and had a history of quasi-independent rule. Its capital was Fuzhou. It was founded by Wang Shenzhi (Emperor Taizu).
Falerone
Falerone is a town and comune in the province of Fermo, in the Italian region of the Marche, southeast of Urbisaglia.

The impressive remains of the ancient Roman city of Falerio Picenus lie about 2 km from Falerone in the village of Piane di Falerone.

Province of Fermo
The province of Fermo (Italian: provincia di Fermo) is a province in the Marche region of Italy. It was established in 2004 and became operational in 2009. Its administrative centre and provincial capital is the city of Fermo (population of 37,995 inhabitants). Other major cities include Porto Sant'Elpidio (25,118 inhabitants), Porto San Giorgio (16,201 inhabitants), Sant'Elpidio a Mare (16,838 inhabitants), and Montegranaro (13,358 inhabitants). As of 2017, the province has a population of 174,358 inhabitants and spans an area of 862.77 square kilometres (333.12 sq mi). It contains 40 comuni (sg.: comune).
Sathaar
Sathaar (25 May 1952 – 17 September 2019) was an Indian actor who primarily worked in Malayalam films. He made his acting debut with M. Krishnan Nair's Bharyaye Avashyamundu (1975). He became a hero in 1976, with Anaavaranam, directed by A. Vincent. Even though he started as a leading man, later he became a successful villain as well as a character actor. He also had important roles in the early 80's Tamil films Mayil and Soundaryame Varuga Varuga. He acted in almost 300 movies including Tamil and Telugu.

He was in the industry for more than 45 years and made a comeback after a brief hiatus with 22 Female Kottayam.

He died on 17 September 2019 at Aluva.

A. Vincent
Aloysius Vincent (14 June 1928 – 25 February 2015) was an Indian cinematographer and director known for his works in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Hindi language films. From the mid-1960s on, he directed some 30 movies including the landmark Malayalam films Bhargavi Nilayam, and Murappennu.

He received the Filmfare Best Cinematographer Award for Prem Nagar (1974) starring Rajesh Khanna. In 2003, the Indian Society of Cinematographers (ISC) awarded him an Honorary Membership, along with K. K. Mahajan and V. K. Murthy. He received the J. C. Daniel Award in 1996.
LAMPA
Lysergic acid methylpropylamide (LAMPA, LAMP, or LMP), also known as LMP-55 or as N-methyl-N-propyllysergamide (MPLA), is a structural analogue of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) that has been studied as a potential treatment for alcoholism. In animal studies, LAMPA was found to be nearly equipotent to ECPLA and MIPLA for inducing a head-twitch response. LAMPA appears to be significantly less potent than LSD in humans, producing little to no noticeable effects at doses of 100 μg. It shows reduced-efficacy partial agonism of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor relative to LSD, which may be responsible for its equivocal hallucinogenic effects. LAMPA is not an explicitly controlled substance in the United States, but may be considered implicitly controlled as it is an isomer of LSD. The drug is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.

Intrinsic activity
Intrinsic activity (IA) and maximal efficacy (Emax) refer to the relative ability of a drug-receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response. This must be distinguished from the affinity, which is a measure of the ability of the drug to bind to its molecular target, and the EC50, which is a measure of the potency of the drug and which is proportional to both efficacy and affinity. This use of the word "efficacy" was introduced by Stephenson (1956) to describe the way in which agonists vary in the response they produce, even when they occupy the same number of receptors. High efficacy agonists can produce the maximal response of the receptor system while occupying a relatively low proportion of the receptors in that system. There is a distinction between efficacy and intrinsic activity.
Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela
Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela (13 January 1512 – 20 November 1594) was a prominent Spanish churchman who rose to become General Inquisitor of Spain, from 1573 to 1594, and Archbishop of Toledo from 1577 to 1594. He was named a Cardinal by Pope Gregory XIII in 1578. He was the nephew of the 1st Bishop of Michoacán in Mexico, Vasco de Quiroga (died 1565).

Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII (Latin: Gregorius XIII, Italian: Gregorio XIII, born Ugo Boncompagni; 7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 May 1572 to his death in April 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally accepted civil calendar to this day.
1987 Epsom Derby
The 1987 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Wednesday 3 June 1987. It was the 208th running of the Derby, and it was won by the pre-race favourite Reference Point. The winner was ridden by Steve Cauthen and trained by Henry Cecil.

Prix Jean Prat
The Prix Jean Prat is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Deauville over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early July.
Hemingbrough
Hemingbrough is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, approximately 5 miles (8 km) from Selby and 4 miles (6.4 km) from Howden on the A63. It was in the historic East Riding of Yorkshire, but since 1974 has come under North Yorkshire. The village has a 12th-century former collegiate church (Hemingbrough Minster), a Methodist chapel and shops. There is a primary school and nursery. The surrounding area makes up part of the Humberhead Levels and is flat land, mainly used for mixed agriculture. In 2011 the parish had a population of 2020.

Howden
Howden (/ˈhaʊdən/) is a market town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies in the Vale of York to the north of the M62, on the A614 road about 16 miles (26 km) south-east of York and 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Goole, which lies across the River Ouse. It is known for Howden Minster, one of the largest churches in the East Riding.

William the Conqueror gave the town to the Bishops of Durham in 1080. The wapentake of Howdenshire was named after the town, and remained an exclave of County Durham until as late as 1846. The original boundaries of the wapentake were used for the current two government wards of Howden and Howdenshire, which had a combined population of 19,753 at the 2011 census.
Expedition of Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah (629)
Expedition of Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah, also known as the Expedition of Fish and Invasion of al-Khabt, took place in October 629 AD, 8AH, 7th month, of the Islamic Calendar, or according to some scholars in 7AH, 4th Month.

Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih al-Bukhari (Arabic: صحيح البخاري, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī) is the first hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar al-Bukhari (d. 870) in the musannaf format, the work is valued by Sunni Muslims, alongside Sahih Muslim, as the most authentic after the Qur'an.

Al-Bukhari organised the book mostly in the Hijaz at the Sacred Mosque of Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque of Medina and completed the work in Bukhara around 846 (232 AH). The work was examined by his teachers Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ali ibn al-Madini, Yahya ibn Ma'in and others.