hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mutter's Ridge
Mutter's Ridge was the name given by U.S. Marines to the Núi Cây Tre ("Bamboo Mountain") ridge, in Quảng Trị Province. The ridge was formed by Hills 461, 484 and 400 and overlooked the southern edge of the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) to the north and Route 9 to the south.

The ridge was contested between the Marines and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) starting with Operation Prairie in August 1966 and was named for the radio callsign of the 3rd Battalion 4th Marines which secured the ridge in September/October 1966.

From 1966 to 1969, the Marines variously established and abandoned bases along the ridge to support operations against the PAVN, including Landing Zone Mack on Hill 484, Landing Zone Margo and Landing Zone Sierra.

It is on this ridge that Larry Burrows shot his famous picture of a wounded black sergeant "reaching out" to a white comrade sitting in the mud.

National Route 9 (Vietnam)
National Route 9 (Vietnamese: Quốc lộ 9 (or abbrv. QL9) or Đường 9) runs across Vietnam roughly in line with the 17th Parallel. The route includes two segments. The segment called National Route 9A begins at Đông Hà and ends at Lao Bảo on the Vietnam-Laos border and is entirely within Quảng Trị Province. The 8 km-long segment called National Route 9B begins at Dong Ha and runs eastward to Cửa Việt Port.
Moses Gaster
Moses Gaster (17 September 1856 – 5 March 1939) was a Romanian, later British scholar, the Hakham of the Spanish and Portuguese Jewish congregation, London, and a Hebrew and Romanian linguist. Moses Gaster was an active Zionist in Romania as well as in England, where in 1899 he helped establish the English Zionist Federation.

Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland
The Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the British Zionist Federation or simply the Zionist Federation (ZF), is an umbrella organisation for the Zionist movement in the United Kingdom, representing more than 30 organisations and over 50,000 affiliated members. It was established in 1899 to campaign for a permanent homeland for the Jewish people.
148th Georgia General Assembly
The 2005 regular session of the 148th Georgia General Assembly met from January 10, 2005, to March 31, 2005, at which time both houses adjourned sine die.  In addition, Governor Sonny Perdue called for a special session, which met from September 6, 2005, to September 10, 2005. This was the first session since Reconstruction that both houses were controlled by Republicans, as the House of Representatives was won by the GOP at the 2004 election. The legislature redrew legislative and congressional maps in 2005 after federal judges struck down both maps which were drawn by the 146th legislature as violating the one person, one vote guarantee of the U.S. Constitution, resulting in a reshuffling of districts which took effect in the next legislature which shored up Republican gains in both chambers and in Congress.

The 2006 regular session of the 148th General Assembly met from January 9, 2006, to March 30, 2006, at which time both houses adjourned sine die.

Georgia General Assembly
The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Each of the General Assembly's 236 members serve two-year terms and are directly elected by constituents of their district. The Constitution of Georgia vests all legislative power with the General Assembly. Both houses have similar powers, though each has unique duties as well. For example, the origination of appropriations bills only occurs in the House, while the Senate is tasked with confirmation of the governor's appointments.

The General Assembly meets in the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta.
Propaganda in the United States
In the United States, propaganda is spread by both government and non-government entities. Throughout its history, to the present day, the United States government has issued various forms of propaganda to both domestic and international audiences. The US government has instituted various domestic propaganda bans throughout its history; however, some commentators question the extent to which these bans are respected.

In Manufacturing Consent published in 1988, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky argue that the mass communication media of the U.S. "are effective and powerful ideological institutions that carry out a system-supportive propaganda function, by reliance on market forces, internalized assumptions, and self-censorship, and without overt coercion". Some academics have argued that Americans are more susceptible to propaganda due to the culture of advertising.

Smith–Mundt Act
The U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 (Public Law 80-402), popularly called the Smith–Mundt Act, was first introduced by Congressman Karl E. Mundt (R-SD) in January 1945 in the 79th Congress. It was subsequently passed by the 80th Congress and signed into law by President Harry S. Truman on January 27, 1948.

The Act was developed to regulate broadcasting of programs for foreign audiences produced under the guidance of the State Department, and it prohibited domestic dissemination of materials produced by such programs as one of its provisions. The original version of the Act was amended by the Smith–Mundt Modernization Act of 2012 which allowed for materials produced by the State Department and the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) to be made available within the United States.
March 712
The March 712 (and its derivative, the March 712M) was an open-wheel Formula 2 race car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer March, in 1971. It was very successful, with Swede Ronnie Peterson winning the 1971 European F2 Championship season in a Cosworth-powered 712. Peterson won 5 races that season, and took 6 podium finishes, as well as taking 7 pole positions, and 5 fastest laps. Peterson finished the championship in first place, with 54 points. Austrian Dieter Quester, also driving a March 712, finished the championship in third place, with 31 points, driving a BMW-powered 712. The 712 was powered by either a Ford-Cosworth FVA, or a BMW M12/7; which were both naturally-aspirated 1.6 L (98 cu in) four-cylinder engines. A sister variant of the car, called the March 71B (and its derivative, the March 71BM), was the Formula B (Atlantic) version of the car.

Formula Atlantic
Formula Atlantic is a specification of open-wheel racing car developed in the 1970s. It was used in professional racing through the IMSA Atlantic Championship until 2009 and is currently primarily used in amateur racing through Sports Car Club of America Formula Atlantic.
Namir Abdel Messeeh
Namir Abdel Messeeh (born 1974) is an Egyptian and French film director.

Messeeh was born in Egypt and grew up in France. He graduated from La Fémis in 2000 and obtained an MA in cinema studies from the University of Paris VII.

His short documentary You, Waguih discusses the political imprisonment of his father as a communist under President Nasser.

His documentary The Virgin, the Copts and Me premiered at the Doha Tribeca Film Festival. It won Outstanding Documentary Film at the Arab Film Festival in 2012 and Best Documentary at the 2013 African International Film Festival. It discusses the topic of Marian apparitions believed by many Egyptian Christians (Copts) to have occurred in Egypt.

His second full-length documentary Life After Siham premiered at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival.

Africa International Film Festival
The Africa International Film Festival (AFRIFF) is an annual film festival that takes place in Nigeria. It was founded in 2010 with its Inaugural edition in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. AFRIFF was founded by Chioma Ude a passionate film buff and entrepreneur, The event normally spans through a week and it includes award shows and film training classes. Keith Shiri, the founder/director of Africa at the Pictures was one of the festival's artistic director of the festival. AFRIFF, through its Globe Awards, gives out honors in categories such Feature, Documentary, Short, Animation, and Students Short, as well as awards and prizes for Directing, Acting, and Screenplay. There are additional special awards for Audience Choice and an Outstanding Film Jury Award.
Kuršiai (Varėna)
Kuršiai is a village in Valkininkų (Valkininkai) eldership, Varėna district municipality, Alytus County, southeastern Lithuania. According to the 2001 census, the village had a population of 93 people. At the 2011 census, the population was 54.

Alytus County
Alytus County (Lithuanian: Alytaus apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. It is the southernmost county, and its capital is the city of Alytus. Its territory lies within the ethnographic region of Dzūkija. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Alytus County remains as a territorial and statistical unit.

It borders the Vilnius County in the east, Marijampolė County and Kaunas County in the north, Podlaskie Voivodeship of Poland in the west, and Grodno Region of Belarus in the south..
Marko Janković (footballer, born 1995)
Marko Janković (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Јанковић; born 9 July 1995) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Azerbaijan Premier League club Qarabağ and the Montenegro national team.

Serbian Cup
The Serbian Cup (Serbian: Куп Србије / Kup Srbije), also known as Mozzart Serbian Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the national football cup of Serbia. The winner of the competition gets a spot in the UEFA Europa League qualifying round.
Gnaraloo Turtle Conservation Program
The Gnaraloo Turtle Conservation Program (GTCP) is an environmental organisation based at the Gnaraloo pastoral station and run by the Gnaraloo Wilderness Foundation, a not-for-profit organisation. The aim of the GTCP is to identify, monitor and protect the nesting beaches of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) found at two locations on the Gnaraloo coastline. These two rookeries contribute to the South-East Indian Ocean subpopulation of loggerhead turtles, with other major nesting sites for this sub-population at Dirk Hartog island (within Shark Bay) and Exmouth. This is within the southern boundaries of the Ningaloo Coast marine area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Dirk Hartog
Dirk Hartog (Dutch: [ˈdɪr(ə)k ˈɦɑrtɔx]; baptised 30 October 1580 – buried 11 October 1621) was a 17th-century Dutch sailor and explorer. Dirk Hartog's expedition was the second European group to land in Australia and the first to leave behind an artefact to record his visit, the Hartog Plate. His name is sometimes alternatively spelled Dirck Hartog or Dierick Hartochsz. Ernest Giles referred to him as Theodoric Hartog. The Western Australian island Dirk Hartog Island is named after Hartog.
Stean Pienaar
Stean Pienaar (born 13 May 1997) is a South African professional rugby union player for the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and the Golden Lions XV in the Rugby Challenge. He is a utility back that can play at centre, wing or scrum-half.

He made his Currie Cup debut for the Golden Lions in July 2019, starting their opening match of the 2019 season against the Pumas on the right wing.

2019 Currie Cup Premier Division
The 2019 Currie Cup Premier Division was the 81st edition of the top tier of the Currie Cup, the premier domestic rugby union competition in South Africa. DirectAxis Financial Services was the tournament sponsor. It was organised by the South African Rugby Union and ran from 12 July to 7 September 2019.

The competition was won by the Free State Cheetahs, who beat the Golden Lions 31–28 in the final played on 7 September 2019.
Bilaspur, Uttar Pradesh
Bilaspur is a town and tehsil in Rampur district, Uttar Pradesh. India on the bank of Bhakra river. It is situated on the Nainital road 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Rampur on NH-87 and 15 km from Rudrapur. 30% of the population is Muslim, 20% are Gangwar, Lodhi, 20% are Sikhs and the remaining 30% is Kayastha, Khatri, Jatav, and Bania and other castes. The main source of income is farming and Business, although new industries are coming. The major crops are rice, wheat, pea, sugarcane and vegetables. Mango, guava and papaya are grown here.

Rampur district
Rampur district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Rampur town is the district headquarters. Rampur district is a part of Moradabad division. The district occupies an area of 2,367 km2 (914 sq mi).
Nader Bagherzadeh
Nader Bagherzadeh (Persian: نادر باقرزاده) is a professor of computer engineering in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine, where he served as a chair from 1998 to 2003. Bagherzadeh has been involved in research and development in the areas of: Computer Architecture, Reconfigurable Computing, VLSI Chip Design, Network-on-Chip, 3D chips, Sensor Networks, Computer Graphics, Memory and Embedded Systems. Bagherzadeh was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for contributions to the design and analysis of coarse-grained reconfigurable processor architectures. Bagherzadeh has published more than 400 articles in peer-reviewed journals and conferences. He was with AT&T Bell Labs from 1980 to 1984.

Reconfigurable computing
Reconfigurable computing is a computer architecture combining some of the flexibility of software with the high performance of hardware by processing with flexible hardware platforms like field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The principal difference when compared to using ordinary microprocessors is the ability to add custom computational blocks using FPGAs. On the other hand, the main difference from custom hardware, i.e. application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) is the possibility to adapt the hardware during runtime by "loading" a new circuit on the reconfigurable fabric, thus providing new computational blocks without the need to manufacture and add new chips to the existing system.
Edition Lilac
Edition Lilac is an American independent record label formed in 2004. It specializes in early music and historically informed performances. The label has issued performances by New Trinity Baroque, Furor Musicus, Minstrel, Canso, London Symphony Orchestra, Predrag Gosta, Evelyn Tubb, Michael Fields, Antoinette Lohmann, Darko Karajic, Edicole Grevi and Brad Hughley.  It has featured music by composers such as Handel, J. S. Bach, Charpentier, Carissimi, Buxtehude, as well as Andreas Makris.

Giacomo Carissimi
(Gian) Giacomo Carissimi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈʒaːkomo kaˈrissimi] ⓘ; baptized 18 April 1605 – 12 January 1674) was an Italian composer and music teacher. He is one of the most celebrated masters of the early Baroque or, more accurately, the Roman School of music.  Carissimi established the characteristic features of the Latin oratorio and was a prolific composer of masses, motets, and cantatas. He was highly influential in musical developments in northern European countries through his pupils, like Kerll in Germany and Charpentier in France, and the wide dissemination of his music.
John Bradbury, 2nd Baron Bradbury
John Bradbury, 2nd Baron Bradbury, of Winsford in the County of Chester (7 January 1914 – 31 March 1994) was a British peer and member of the House of Lords, the second holder of the title Baron Bradbury.

The son of John Bradbury, 1st Baron Bradbury GCB, Permanent Secretary to HM Treasury, by his marriage to Hilda, a daughter of W. A. Kirby, he was born on 7 January 1914 and baptized two months later at St Clement Danes, Westminster. He was educated at Cothill House, Westminster School, and Brasenose College, Oxford.

In 1939 he married firstly, 1939, Joan Knight, of Addlestone, Surrey, and they had one son and one daughter. In 1946 he married secondly Gwerfyl Roberts, one daughter. In 1950 he succeeded his father as Baron Bradbury.
Bradbury died on 31 March 1994, while living at Engomi, near Nicosia, Cyprus. The peerage was inherited by his only son, John (born 17 March 1940).

Engomi
Engomi (Greek: Έγκωμη Turkish: Engomi or Enkomi) is a suburb and municipality of the Cypriot capital Nicosia. In 2011, it had a population of 18,010. Of these, 14,254 were Cypriot citizens.

It is a mainly residential neighbourhood with many large villas. It also includes a very important annexe to the powerful Monastery of Our Lady Eleousa. The University of Nicosia is also located within the municipality and thus is home to a large student population.

Engomi has a large diplomatic presence. The embassies of Egypt, France, the United States and Russia are located in the neighborhood.
Democratic Party of South Tyrol
The Democratic Party of South Tyrol (German: Demokratische Partei Südtirol, DPS) was a minor regionalist liberal, green and social-democratic political party active in South Tyrol, Italy. It was a left-wing alternative to the dominant South Tyrolean People's Party.

The party was founded in 1997, as a continuation of the Social Democratic Party of South Tyrol, and was led by Roland Girardi.

In the 1998 provincial election the DPS formed a joint list with the Ladins Political Movement, while five years later it supported the Greens.

In 2008 most Democrats joined the Greens.

1998 Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election
The Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election of 1998 took place on 22 November 1998.

The South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP) and the Daisy Civic List (Civica) won the most votes at the regional level. The SVP retained its outright majority in South Tyrol, while the Civica became the largest party in Trentino. After the election, the two parties formed a coalition at the regional level. Luis Durnwalder (SVP) and Lorenzo Dellai (Civica) were sworn in as heads of the two provinces, respectively, while the Democrats of the Left and the Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party shared the regional administration.
La Academia 6: Última Generación
La Academia Última Generación is the last generation of La Academia, according to its producer Eva Borja. Auditions were held in many cities across Mexico, Guatemala and the United States in July. The program was broadcast on Televisión Azteca for 16 weeks from August 31 to December 14, 2008.

The headmaster of La Academia  is Héctor Martinez, the same of the first two generations. The teachers are almost the same of the first generation, the host is Rafael Araneda from Chile, 20 is the number of contestants who are competing in the last generation of La Academia. The finale was on December 14, 2008, where the six generations sang all together closing the show and the reality forever. The winner was 21-year-old Maria Fernanda Alvo from Guadalajara, Fabiola Rodas from Guatemala was the runner-up, Luis Armando Lozano was 3rd place, Valeria Dessens 4th place and Perla Estrada was 5th.

Big Boy (rapper)
Gustavo Roy Diaz (born March 11, 1975) is a Puerto Rican reggaeton rapper. He is considered one of the founding fathers of reggaeton in Puerto Rico. He is known for his worldwide success in the 1990s, with songs such as "Mis Ojos Lloran Por Ti", "Maria", "He Chocado Con La Vida", "Que Vayas Con Dios" and "Mi Chica De La Voz Sensual". His album "The Phenomenon" was nominated for the 2003 Latin Grammy Awards for Best Rap/Hip-Hop Album and for the Premios Lo Nuestro 2003 for Urban Album of the Year and Best Urban Performance. His song "Mis Ojos Lloran Por Ti" peaked at 18 in Top Latin Songs.
Souliote War (1803)
The war between the warlike communities of Souliotes in Epirus and the ruler of the autonomous Ottoman Pashalik of Yanina, Ali Pasha, in 1803, was the last of a series of conflicts, known as the Souliote Wars, that led, finally, to the capitulation and expulsion of the Souliotes.

Parga
Parga (Greek: Πάργα, Párga, pronounced [ˈpaɾɣa]) is a town and municipality located in the northwestern part of the regional unit of Preveza in Epirus, northwestern Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Kanallaki. Parga lies on the Ionian coast between the cities of Preveza and Igoumenitsa. It is a resort town known for its natural environment.
Duele el Corazón
"Duele el Corazón" (transl. "The Heart Hurts") is a song by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias featuring vocals from Puerto Rican rapper Wisin. It was released on 18 April 2016 under his new record company Sony Music Latin. The song was produced by Carlos Paucar, co-produced by Juan Carlos Yepez Jr  (JY "El De La J") Francisco Saldaña (Luny). The Peruvian composer Patrick Ingunza wrote the song along with Venezuelan singer Servando Primera and the Ecuadorian American record producer and songwriter Juan Carlos Yepez Jr  (JY "El De La J"). There is also a Spanglish version which features American singer Tinashe and Jamaican rapper Javada

Sony Music Latin
Sony Music Entertainment US Latin LLC (often referred to as Sony Music Latin) is an American record label owned by Sony Music. The label focuses on artists of Latin music. Sony Latin was also a division of the Sony Discos label.
Mark Daoud
Mark Daoud is a Lebanese professional rugby league footballer who has played for the Parramatta Eels in the New South Wales Cup.

Daoud also played 1 match for The North Sydney Bears in The NSW Cup.  Daoud currently plays for The Asquith Magpies.

Asquith Magpies
The Asquith Magpies Rugby League Football Club is an Australian rugby league football club based in Asquith, New South Wales formed in 1953. They previously competed in the NSW Ron Massey Cup competition and the Sydney Shield.  Asquith are currently a senior feeder club side to NSW Cup team the North Sydney Bears.
1985 Cologne Cup – Singles
Joakim Nyström was the defending champion, but chose to focus only on the doubles tournament, finishing as runner-up.

Qualifier Peter Lundgren won the title by defeating Ramesh Krishnan 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Ramesh Krishnan
Ramesh Krishnan (Hindi pronunciation: [rəmeːʃ kr̩ʂɳən]; born 5 June 1961) is an Indian tennis coach and former professional tennis player. As a junior player in the late 1970s, he won the singles titles at both, Wimbledon and the French Open. He went on to reach three Grand Slam quarterfinals in the 1980s and was a part of the Indian team captained by Vijay Amritraj which reached the final of the Davis Cup in 1987 against Sweden. Krishnan also beat then-world No. 1, Mats Wilander, at the 1989 Australian Open. He became India's Davis Cup captain in 2007.
Chiu Meng-jen
Chiu Meng-jen (born 26 July 1978) is a Taiwanese taekwondo practitioner. She won a bronze medal in heavyweight at the 1997 World Taekwondo Championships in Hong Kong, after being defeated by Natalia Ivanova in the semifinal.

1997 World Taekwondo Championships
The 1997 World Taekwondo Championships were the 13th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Hong Kong from November 19 to November 23, 1997, with 710 athletes participating from 80 countries.
Lis Mellemgaard
Lis Mellemgaard (née Wognsen, 20 February 1924 – 5 July 2019) was a Danish ophthalmologist and resistance spy. A member of the Holger Danske Group, she escaped execution by the Nazis as she remained at home with a sore throat. After completing her studies at the University of Copenhagen in 1952, she opened a practice as an eye specialist in Hillerød.

Hillerød
Hillerød (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 36,604 (1 January 2025) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to the northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle, now home to the Museum of National History. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south.