hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae
Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae (CIIP) is a series of books documenting almost all the ancient inscriptions from the fourth century BC to the seventh century CE discovered on the territory of ancient Judaea/Syria Palaestina (the Palestine region) and studied primarily by Israeli scientists. Excluded are areas in modern Syria and Jordan covered by two similar dedicated publications ("Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie / "... de la Jordanie"). The early Arabic inscriptions which postdate the Muslim conquest are also not included and make the subject of "Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae" (CIAP). CIIP is thus "a multi-lingual corpus of the inscriptions from  Alexander to Muhammad", as indicated by the subtitle.

Muslim conquest of Syria
The Muslim conquest of Syria (Arabic: فَتْحُ الشَّام, romanized: Fatḥ al-šām; lit. 'Conquest of Syria'), or the Arab conquest of Syria, was the conquest of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate that took place between 634–638 CE as part of the Arab–Byzantine wars and the wider Muslim conquests.

Clashes between the Muslims and the Byzantines on the southern Levantine borders of the Byzantine Empire had occurred previously during the lifetime of Muhammad, with the Battle of Muʿtah in 629 CE. However, the actual conquest did not begin until 634, two years after Muhammad's death. It was led by the first two Rashidun caliphs who succeeded Muhammad: Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. During this time, Khalid ibn al-Walid was the most important commander of the Rashidun army. In the aftermath of the conquest, Syria was brought under Arab Muslim rule and developed into the provincial region of Bilad al-Sham.
Manemergus
Manemergus is a genus of polycotylid plesiosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Manemergus was described in 2005 and contains only one species, M. anguirostris. The type specimen was discovered close to the town of Goulmima (Tizi-n-Imnayen) in Morocco's High Atlas mountains, in the same locality as another polycotylid, Thililua, was discovered.

Turonian
The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.2 Ma and 89.8 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded by the Cenomanian Stage and underlies the Coniacian Stage.

At the beginning of the Turonian an oceanic anoxic event (OAE 2) took place, also referred to as the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli Event". Sea level fall took place in the latter part of the Turonian from the highstand at the beginning of the Turonian.
Pillar of Fire (novel)
Pillar of Fire is a 1995 historical fantasy novel by Judith Tarr. It deals with the reigns of Egyptian pharaohs Akhenaten and Tutankhamun and the Exodus from the perspective of a Hittite slave girl of Ankhesenpaaten. It draws heavily on Ahmed Osman's suggestion that Moses and Akhenaten were the same person.

The idea of Akhenaten as the pioneer of a monotheistic religion that later became Judaism has been considered by various scholars starting with Sigmund Freud's views in Moses and Monotheism. Tarr comments in the endnotes that she was surprised at how little she had to tweak historical fact to write the story.

The audiobook version, published in 1998, ran for approximately 22 hours and was read by Anna Fields.

Ahmed Osman (author)
Ahmed Osman (Arabic: أحمد عثمان; born 1934) is an Egyptian-born author. He has put forward a number of theories, some revisionist in nature, about Ancient Egypt and the origins of Islam, Judaism and Christianity.
1974 US Open – Men's doubles
Owen Davidson and John Newcombe were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. Davidson teamed up with Ken Rosewall and lost in second round to Anand Amritraj and Vijay Amritraj, while Newcombe teamed up with Tony Roche and lost in semifinals to tournament runners-up Patricio Cornejo and Jaime Fillol.

Bob Lutz and Stan Smith won the title by defeating Patricio Cornejo and Jaime Fillol 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Bob Lutz (tennis)
Robert Lutz (born August 29, 1947) is an American former amateur and a professional tennis player of the 1960s and 1970s. He and Stan Smith were one of the best doubles teams of all time. Bud Collins ranked Lutz as world No. 7 in singles in 1972. From 1967 to 1977, he was ranked amongst the top-10 American players eight times, with his highest ranking being No. 5 in both 1968 and 1970.
Alarsite
Alarsite (AlAsO4) is an aluminium arsenate mineral with its name derived from its composition: aluminium and arsenate. It occurs as brittle subhedral grains which exhibit trigonal symmetry. It has a Mohs hardness of 5-5.5 and a specific gravity of 3.32. It is semitransparent, colorless with pale yellow tints and shows a vitreous luster. It is optically uniaxial (+) with refractive indices of nω = 1.596 and nε = 1.608.

It was reported from fumaroles in the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Far Eastern Region, Russia. It occurs in association with fedotovite, klyuchevskite, lammerite, nabokoite, atlasovite, langbeinite, hematite and tenorite.

Far Eastern Federal District
The Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосточный федеральный округ, IPA: [dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is the largest and the least populated federal district of Russia, with a population of around 7.9 million and an area of 6,952,555 square kilometres (2,684,396 square miles). The federal district is within North Asia as per the UN geoscheme and it is coextensive with the Russian Far East.
Folkmusik för folk som inte kan bete sig som folk
Folkmusik för folk som inte kan bete sig som folk is the fifth studio album by bob hund, released in 2009. The album peaked at number seven on the Swedish Albums Chart and number 13 on the Norwegian Albums Chart.

VG-lista
VG-lista is the primary Norwegian record chart, charting albums and singles from Norwegian and international artists. It is presented weekly in the newspaper VG. The data is collected by Nielsen Soundscan International and based on the sales in approximately 100 shops in Norway. The singles chart started as a top 10 chart in week 42 of 1958 and was expanded to a top 20 chart in week 5 of 1995, the same time as the albums chart, which started as a top 20 chart in week 1 of 1967, was expanded to a top 40 chart. It expanded even further into a top 100 chart in week 14 of 2025.
Nathan Löb David Zimmer
Nathan Löb David Zimmer (28 January 1830, Fürth – 10 June 1895, London) was a Bavarian-born English businessman, scholar, and Kabbalist.

Born in Bavaria into a pious Jewish family, Zimmer immigrated to England in about 1850 and entered business as an importer of toys and fancy goods. He was primarily engrossed with the study of Halakha, however, and especially with the more esoteric commentaries. His knowledge of the Kabbalah, and especially of gematria, was profound, and astronomical calculations also had a strong attraction for him.

Zimmer compiled an elaborate genealogical table of the Chief Rabbis of the United Kingdom, and was a frequent contributor to the Jewish periodical press on questions of astronomical calculation and of ritual. He was one of the original founders of the Federation of Synagogues.

The character of Froom Karlkammer in Israel Zangwill's Children of the Ghetto is said to have been based on Zimmer.

Fürth
Fürth (German: [fʏʁt] ⓘ; East Franconian: Färdd; ) is a city in northern Bavaria, Germany, in the administrative division (Regierungsbezirk) of Middle Franconia.

It is the second-largest city in Franconia and now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only seven km (4.3 mi) apart.

The city forms a continuous conurbation with the neighbouring cities of Nuremberg, Erlangen and Schwabach, which is the heart of an urban area region with around 1.4 million inhabitants, while the larger Nuremberg Metropolitan Region has a population of approximately 3.6 million.

Fürth celebrated its thousand-year anniversary in 2007, its first mention being on 1 November 1007.
If Only I Had My Mind on Something Else
"If Only I Had My Mind on Something Else" is a pop ballad recorded by the Bee Gees. It was written by Barry and Maurice Gibb. It was the first track on the album Cucumber Castle. A remastered version was released in 1990 on Tales from the Brothers Gibb.

Tales from the Brothers Gibb
Tales from the Brothers Gibb: A History in Song is a box set compilation released by the Bee Gees in 1990. Originally released on four cassettes and four compact discs, Tales is a summary of the Bee Gees output from their third album, 1967's Bee Gees 1st to the group's most recent album (at the time), 1989's One.

Considering the peculiar nature of the Gibbs' catalogue, the compilers neatly arranged each disc/cassette to represent the Bee Gees at different periods of their career called Chapters. Chapter I consists of songs from their folky/psychedelic era of 1967–1970; Chapter II covers the ballad-heavy period of 1971–1974; Chapter III tracks the disco era from 1975 to 1979 and Chapter IV consists of the Gibbs' output in the '80s, including material from their two Warner Bros. albums.
Dean Halverson
Dean Halverson (August 24, 1946) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Rams, Atlanta Falcons, and Philadelphia Eagles.

Born and raised in Olympia, Washington, Halverson played college football for the Washington Huskies in Seattle under head coach Jim Owens. He was selected in the 13th round of the 1968 NFL/AFL draft by the Rams with the 351st overall pick.

Jim Owens
James Donald Owens (March 6, 1927 – June 6, 2009) was an American professional football player and coach. He played one year in the National Football League (NFL) as an end for the Baltimore Colts. His career in coaching was longer-lived, as he held the position of head coach at the University of Washington from 1957 to 1974, compiling a record of 99–82–6 (.545) in 18 seasons.
Tsutsukowake Shrine
Tsutsukowake Shrine (都々古別神社, Tsutsukowake jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in Tanagura, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. It was the ichinomiya of Mutsu Province. According to legend, it was founded in 807.

Tanagura, Fukushima
Tanagura (棚倉町, Tanagura-machi) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2020,  the town had an estimated population of 13,827 in 5053 households, and a population density of 86 persons per km². The total area of the town was 159.93 km2 (61.75 sq mi).
David Djigla
David Djigla (born 23 August 1995) is a Beninese professional footballer who plays as a striker for French Championnat National 2 club Les Herbiers. Between 2012 and 2020 he scored 4 goals in 28 appearances for the Benin national team.

Benin national football team
The Benin national football team (French: Équipe nationale de Football du Bénin), nicknamed Les Guépards (The Cheetahs), represents Benin in men's international association football and are controlled by the Benin Football Federation. They were known as Dahomey until 1975, when the Republic of Dahomey became Benin.

Benin have been affiliated with FIFA since 1962 and are a member of the Confederation of African Football since 1969. They have never qualified for the World Cup, but have participated at four Africa Cups of Nations in 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2019, never placing in the top two in the group stage at all of these occasions. However, Benin has a unique record as the country is the first national team to reach the quarter-finals of an AFCON edition without gaining a single win in their AFCON history.
Steven Pheasant
Steven Thomas Pheasant (born 25 June 1951) is an English former cricketer. Pheasant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Southwark, London.

Pheasant made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1971. He was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Phil Edmonds, while in Cambridge University's first-innings he bowled 23 wicketless overs, though he only conceded 33 runs. In Sussex's second-innings, he ended not out on 2, while in Cambridge University's second-innings he took figures of 4/88 from 27 overs. Despite this, the match ended in a draw. Along with fellow debutant Mark Upton, this was his only major appearance for Sussex.

He played a total of 17 Second XI Championship matches for Sussex between 1968 and 1971.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Srđan Cvijić
Srđan Cvijić is a Serbian political scientist who is a senior policy analyst on European Union external relations. Cvijić is the Senior Policy Analyst at the Open Society Foundations in Brussels and member of the Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group. He is an expert in the area of democratisation, public and international law and human rights law. Prior to working for the Open Society, Cvijić was employed at the European Policy Centre, the NATO Parliamentary Assembly, the Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe, and in the area of diplomacy for Serbia. He received his LLB from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, M.A. in International Relations and European Studies from Central European University and PhD from the Law Department of the European University Institute. He is a regular contributor to news sources, including Politico, EUobserver, the European Western Balkans as well as a commentator for Euronews, Radio Free Europe, Voice of America and others.

Euronews
Euronews is a pan-European television news network, headquartered in Lyon, France. It is a provider of livestreamed news, which can be viewed in Europe and North Africa via satellite, and in most of the world via its website, on YouTube, and on various mobile devices and digital media players.

The network began broadcasting on New Year's Day 1993 and covers world news from a European perspective. Euronews is currently majority-owned by Alpac Capital.
2001 Cerveza Club Colombia Open – Doubles
Pablo Albano and Lucas Arnold were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Albano with Alexandre Simoni and Arnold with Gastón Etlis.

Albano and Simoni lost in the quarterfinals to Mariano Hood and Sebastián Prieto.

Arnold and Etlis lost in the semifinals to Martín Rodríguez and André Sá.

Hood and Prieto won in the final 6–2, 6–4 against Rodríguez and Sá.

Sebastián Prieto (tennis)
Sebastián Prieto (Spanish pronunciation: [seβasˈtjam ˈpɾjeto]; born 19 May 1975) is an Argentine former professional tennis player. Primarily a doubles specialist, Prieto has won ten doubles titles in his career.  He began playing for the Argentina Davis Cup team in 1999.

Prieto coached Juan Martín del Potro from 2017 to 2020.
Kobylá nad Vidnavkou
Kobylá nad Vidnavkou (German: Jungferndorf) is a municipality and village in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Kobylá nad Vidnavkou lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Jeseník, 84 km (52 mi) north of Olomouc, and 195 km (121 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Aron Rono
Aron Rono (born 1 November 1982) is a Kenyan American long-distance runner. After completing a high school in Kenya he moved to the United States, where he graduated in political sciences from the Azusa Pacific University in 2009. As a member of the U.S. Army World Class Athlete Program he won a silver medal in the 10,000 m event at the 2015 Pan American Games.

Kenyan Americans
Kenyan Americans are an ethnic group of Americans of Kenyan descent and ancestry. As of the 2021 census, there were an estimated 94,623 Kenyan-born persons living in the United States. Most Kenyan Americans are concentrated in Minneapolis–St. Paul, Seattle, Texas, Maryland, Georgia, New York, North Carolina, and the greater Washington, D.C. area.
Robert Rowan (priest)
Robert Philip Rowan (10 September 1870 – 19 June 1946) was an Irish Anglican priest. He was Dean of Ardfert from 1924 until 1946.

Rowan was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and  ordained in 1897. He began his ecclesiastical career with curacies at Tralee and Wexford. He was a chaplain to the forces at Curragh and Shorncliffe then senior curate  at St John's Lowestoft. After incumbencies in Castleisland, Kenmare and Killarney he was elevated to the Deanery. He was Archdeacon of Ardfert and Aghadoe and Canon of Effin from 1938 to 1943.

Shorncliffe Army Camp
Shorncliffe Army Camp is a British Army installation near Cheriton in Kent, established in 1794. The camp, described as "the birthplace of the modern British Army", previously consisted of Ross Barracks, Burgoyne Barracks, Somerset Barracks, Napier Barracks, Risborough Barracks and Sir John Moore Barracks, however, due to closures, the latter is all that remains in military use.
G.652
G.652 is an international standard that describes the geometrical, mechanical, and transmission attributes of a single-mode optical fibre and cable, developed by the  Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) that specifies the most popular type of single-mode optical fiber (SMF) cable.

International standard
An international standard is a technical standard developed by one or more international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent such organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Other prominent international standards organizations including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Together, these three organizations have formed the World Standards Cooperation alliance.
Battle of Debre Abbay
The Battle of Debre Abbay, also known as the Battle of Mai Islami, was a conflict between Ras Marye of Yejju, regent of the Emperor of Ethiopia, and his rival from Tigray, Dejazmach Sabagadis of Agame. Although Ras Marye lost his life in the battle, Dejazmach Sabagadis was defeated and executed by Ras Marye's followers after surrendering.

Ras (title)
Ras (Amharic: ራስ, romanized: ras, lit. 'head' compare with Arabic Rais or Hebrew Rosh), is a noble title in the Ethiopian Semitic languages.  It is one of the powerful non-imperial titles.

Historian Harold G. Marcus equates the Ras title to a duke; others have compared it to "prince".

The combined title of Leul Ras (Amharic: ልዑል ራስ) was given to the heads of the cadet branches of the Imperial dynasty, such as the Princes of Gojjam, Tigray, Ras Tafari Makonnen and the Selalle sub-branch of the last reigning Shewan Branch, and meaning "Lord of Lords", the highest title of lord.
Dylan Duventru
Dylan Ludovic Duventru-Huret (born 3 January 1989), commonly known simply as Dylan in Portugal, is a French professional footballer who plays for Nea Salamina. He primarily plays as an attacking midfielder and a winger.

He is a former French youth international, having represented his country at under-18 and under-19 level. He joined Marítimo ahead of the 2009–10 season, after spending eight years at his former club Sochaux in France.

France national youth football team
The France national youth football team are the national under-21, under-20, under-19, under-18, under-17 and under-16 football teams of France and are controlled by the French Football Federation. The youth teams of France participate in tournaments sanctioned by both FIFA and UEFA and also participates in world, regional, and local international tournaments.
Argentino de Quilmes
Club Atlético Argentino de Quilmes, simply known as Argentino de Quilmes, is an Argentine football club from Quilmes, Buenos Aires. The team currently plays in Primera B, the third division of the Argentine football league system.

Argentine football league system
The Argentine football league system include tournaments organised by the Argentine Football Association. Clubs affiliated to the body compete in the tournaments, which are split into categories or divisions.

Rules establish a system of promotion and relegation, a process where teams are transferred between two divisions based on their performance for the completed season. The best-ranked team or teams in the lower division are promoted to the higher division for the next season, and the worst-ranked team or teams in the higher division are relegated to the lower division for the next season.
Prząsław
Prząsław [ˈpʂɔ̃swaf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jędrzejów, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Jędrzejów and 38 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów
Jędrzejów (Polish: [jɛnˈdʐɛjuf] ⓘ; Yiddish: יענדזשעוו, romanized: Yendzshev, Latin: Andreiow) is a town in southern Poland, located in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 miles) southwest of Kielce. It is the capital of Jędrzejów County. It has 16,139 inhabitants (2011).
Gene Graham
Gene Swann Graham (August 26, 1924 – May 24, 1982) was an American journalist and educator who was associated for many years with the Nashville Tennessean and with the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.  He was a co-winner of the Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1962.

John Seigenthaler, former publisher of the Tennessean and a founding editorial director of USA Today, described Graham as "a multi-talented journalist, a first rate reporter, a wonderful cartoonist believe it or not, and also a fine editorialist." David Halberstam, a fellow Pulitzer Prize winner and veteran of the Tennessean, called Graham a "great reporter."

John Seigenthaler
John Lawrence Seigenthaler (/ˈsiːɡənθɔːlər/ SEE-gən-thaw-lər; July 27, 1927 – July 11, 2014) was an American journalist, writer, and political figure. He was known as a prominent defender of First Amendment rights.

Seigenthaler joined the Nashville newspaper The Tennessean in 1949, resigning in 1960 to act as Robert F. Kennedy's administrative assistant. He rejoined The Tennessean as editor in 1962, publisher in 1973, and chairman in 1982 before retiring as chairman emeritus in 1991. Seigenthaler was also the founding editorial director of USA Today from 1982 to 1991. During this period, he served on the board of directors for the American Society of Newspaper Editors, and from 1988 to 1989, was its president.