hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Dow
John Christopher Roderick Dow, FBA (1916–1998) was a British applied economist whose career ran from 1945 until his death in 1998.

He was educated at Bootham School, York and University College London.

During his career he worked in some of the major British economic institutions, serving as Senior Economic Adviser to the UK Treasury, Deputy Director of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, Assistant Secretary General of the OECD, and as Executive Director of the Bank of England. Dow's achievements as an economist were recognized with the award of a Fellowship of the British Academy (1982).

Bootham School
Bootham School is a private Quaker boarding school, on Bootham in the city of York in England. It accepts boys and girls ages 3–19 and had an enrolment of 605 pupils in 2016. It is one of seven Quaker schools in England.

The school was founded by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and opened on 6 January 1823 in Lawrence Street, York. Its first headmaster was William Simpson (1823–1828). He was followed by John Ford (1828–c. 1865). The school is now on Bootham, near York Minster.  It is based in 51 Bootham, a building originally built in 1804 for Sir Richard Vanden Bempde Johnstone, but has expanded into several neighbouring buildings.

The school's motto Membra Sumus Corporis Magni means "We are members of a greater body", quoting Seneca the Younger (Epistle 95, 52).
Cheval tree
The cheval tree is native to North Island, part of the Agaléga Islands, a territory of Mauritius. It is unique in its properties of minor adhesivity, which attracts insects: specifically, heel walkers (belonging to the Mantophasmatodea) or Formosozoros newi (belonging to the Zoraptera). The tree was named for the glue-like secretion of its bark and the use of horse-hooves for glue in former times—the French word (French is the colonizing language of Agalega) for "horse" is "cheval".

Mantophasmatidae
Mantophasmatidae is a family of carnivorous wingless insects in southern Africa which are placed within the order or suborder Mantophasmatodea. They were discovered in 2001. They are the sister group of the Grylloblattidae, classified in the order or suborder Grylloblattodea.

Arillo and Engel have combined the Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea into a single order, Notoptera, with the two groups ranked as suborders. Alternatively, Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea are considered orders of a clade Xenonomia.
Sandringham Handicap
The Sandringham Handicap is a flat handicap horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June on the fourth day of the Royal Ascot meeting.  The race was called the Fern Hill Rated Stakes until 2001, and was part of the Ascot Heath meeting held on the Saturday after Royal Ascot. Prior to 2018 it was run as a Listed handicap but was downgraded by the British Horseracing Authority to comply with a new rule that no handicap race could carry Listed or Group race status.

British Horseracing Authority
The British Horseracing Authority, also known as the BHA, is the regulatory authority for horse racing in Great Britain.

It was formed on 31 July 2007, after the merger of the British Horseracing Board (BHB) and the Horseracing Regulatory Authority (HRA).

Stated objectives are to: "provide the most compelling and attractive racing in the world; be seen as the world leader in race day regulation; ensure the highest standards for the sport and participants, on and away from the racecourse; promote the best for the racehorse; and represent and promote the sport and the industry."

It is a member of the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. The BHA's current interim chair is David Jones, who took over when Joe Saumarez Smith stepped down due to ill health in January 2025. Lord Allen was due to succeed as chair on 1 June 2025. but delayed his start in the role until later in 2025.
1905 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1905, announced at the time as the Indian Honours, were appointments to various orders and honours of the United Kingdom and British India. The list was published in The Times on 2 January 1905, and the various honours were gazetted in The London Gazette on the following day.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, personal bravery, achievement, or service are rewarded with honours. The honours system consists of three types of award:

Honours are used to recognise merit in terms of achievement and service;

Decorations tend to be used to recognise specific deeds;

Medals are used to recognise service on a particular operation or in a specific theatre, long or valuable service, and good conduct.

Appointments to the various orders and awards of other honours are usually published in The London Gazette.
Gola Górowska
Gola Górowska [ˈɡɔla ɡuˈrɔfska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Góra, within Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in western Poland.

The village has an approximate population of 160.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Thanamandi Assembly constituency
Thannamandi is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. This newly created Thanamandi Assembly constituency is a part of Anantnag–Rajouri parliamentary seat which is also a newly created parliamentary seat. It was created in 2022 and had its first election in 2024, since when it is represented by Muzaffar Iqbal Khan, an Independent politician.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (Dogri: 𑠑𑠢𑠹𑠢𑠰 𑠙𑠳 𑠊𑠧𑠹𑠢𑠮𑠤 𑠊𑠺𑠝𑠰𑠝 𑠀𑠩𑠳𑠷𑠠𑠥𑠮 (in Dogri)); (Kashmiri: جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی (in Perso-Arabic), 𑆘𑆾𑇌𑆩𑇀 𑆠 𑆑𑆯𑆵𑆫𑇀 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆱𑇀-𑆅 𑆑𑇊𑆾𑇋𑆳𑆤𑆷𑆤𑇀 𑆱𑆃𑆘𑇊𑆵 (in Sharada)) is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.
Boreolepis
Boreolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Kungurian to the Wuchiapingian of the Permian period. It inhabited the high northern latitudes in what is now Greenland and European Russia.

Two species are known:

Boreolepis jenseni Aldinger, 1937 - Late Cisuralian (Kungurian) to Roadian of Russia, Wuchiapingian of Greenland (Clavering Island)

Boreolepis tataricus Esin, 1996 - Late Capitanian/Early Wuchiapingian of Russia

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
2017 FIBA Women's Melanesian Basketball Cup
The 2017 FIBA Women's Melanesian Basketball Cup was an international women's basketball tournament contested by nations of the newly formed Melanesian sub-zone of FIBA Oceania. The inaugural edition of the women's tournament was played together alongside the men's tournament at the Taurama Aquatic and Indoor Centre in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, from 27 to 30 September 2017. It was officially launched on 19 May 2017.

The tournament also served as qualifiers for the women's basketball event of the 2019 Pacific Games in  Samoa with three berths for Melanesia allocated for the top three teams of this tournament.

The hosts Papua New Guinea dominated the women's tournament winning all of their games including the final.

Women's basketball
Women's basketball is the team sport of basketball played by women. It was first played in 1892, one year after men's basketball, at Smith College in Massachusetts. It spread across the United States, in large parts via women's college competitions, and has since spread globally. As of 2020, basketball is one of the most popular and fastest growing sports in the world.

There are multiple professional leagues and tournaments for professional women basketball players. The main North American league is the WNBA. The FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and Women's Olympic Basketball Tournament feature top national teams from continental championships. In the US, the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship is also popular. The strongest European women's basketball clubs participate in the EuroLeague Women.
Cross-country skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics – Women's 10 kilometre
The 10 kilometre cross-country skiing event was part of the cross-country skiing programme at the 1960 Winter Olympics, in Squaw Valley, California, United States. It was the third appearance of the event. The competition was held on Saturday, February 20, 1960, at the McKinney Creek Stadium.

It was a Soviet Union clean sweep of the medals with Maria Gusakova winning gold and defending champion Lyubov Kozyreva taking silver. In fact the Soviets also took fourth place through Alevtina Kolchina.

Two days later, Gusakova's husband, Nikolay Gusakov won bronze in the Nordic Combined.

Alevtina Kolchina
Alevtina Pavlovna Kolchina (Russian: Алевти́на Па́вловна Ко́лчина alternate spelling: Alevtina Koltsjina; 11 November 1930 – 1 March 2022) was a Soviet cross-country skier who competed during the 1950s and 1960s for Burevestnik and later for Dynamo sports societies. She competed in four Winter Olympics, earning a total of five medals. Kolchina also competed several times at the Holmenkollen ski festival, winning three times at 10 km (1961–1963) and once at 5 km (1966).
Boucicault (surname)
Boucicault is a surname.

Notable people with the name include

Dion Boucicault (1820–1890), Irish actor and playwright, and his children:
Aubrey Boucicault (1868–1913), British actor
Dion Boucicault Jr. (1859–1929), Irish actor and stage director
Nina Boucicault (1867–1950), English actress

Nina Boucicault
Nina Boucicault (27 February 1867 – 2 August 1950) was an English-born actress, daughter of the Irish playwright Dion Boucicault, and the actress Agnes Kelly Robertson. She had three brothers, Dion William (1855–1876), Dion Boucicault Jr. and Aubrey Boucicault, and two sisters, Eva and Patrice.

Boucicault's debut was at the Louisville Opera House, and as a child she performed with her father. Beginning in 1892, she played Kitty Verdun in the original production of the hit comedy Charley's Aunt. She was the first to play the title role in J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan, beginning in 1904 at the Duke of York's Theatre.

Boucicault retired from the stage in 1927, returning in 1935 and 1936 in Frolic Wind and Waste, respectively, while continuing her film career. She died at Hamilton Road, Ealing. She was married three times: first to G. D. Pitman; then to E. H. Kelly; and finally to Donald Innes-Smith.
Hatyara (1977 film)
Hatyara (lit. 'Murderer') is a 1977 Hindi action crime film. Produced by Sunil Sharma and directed by Surendra Mohan, the film stars Vinod Khanna, Moushumi Chatterjee, Pradeep Kumar, Rakesh Roshan and Nirupa Roy. The film's music is by Kalyanji Anandji.

Kalyanji–Anandji
Kalyanji–Anandji were an Indian composer duo, consisting of Kalyanji Virji Shah (30 June 1928 – 24 August 2000) and his brother Anandji Virji Shah (born 2 March 1933). In a career spanning over 40 years, they composed music for about 250 films, working with many well-known filmmakers and singers.
Do You Want to Build a Snowman?
"Do You Want to Build a Snowman?" is a song from the 2013 Disney animated musical feature film Frozen, with music and lyrics composed by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez. The song is also present in the musical adaptation. As of 25 November 2016, the total sales of the digital track stands at 1,600,000 downloads according to Nielsen SoundScan, placing it second on the list of all-time best-selling Christmas/holiday digital singles in SoundScan history (behind Mariah Carey's 1994 hit single, "All I Want for Christmas Is You").

Papa, Can You Hear Me?
"Papa, Can You Hear Me?" is a 1983 song composed by Michel Legrand with lyrics by Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman, for Barbra Streisand in the title role of Yentl. The song was nominated for Best Original Song at the 56th Academy Awards; Streisand's longtime friend Donna Summer performed it during the ceremonies. The song peaked at No.26 at Billboard's Adult Contemporary.
December Novices' Chase
The December Novices' Chase was a Grade 2 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which was open to horses aged four years or older. It was run at Doncaster over a distance of about 3 miles (2 miles 7 furlongs and 214 yards or 4,828 metres), and during its running there were eighteen fences to be jumped. The race was for novice chasers, and it was scheduled to take place each year in December.

The race was first run in 1988.  Prior to 2014 it was run at Lingfield Park and was the only National Hunt event run at the course with graded status. It was transferred to Doncaster by Arena Racing Company, the owner of both courses. The Summit Juvenile Hurdle used to be contested on the same day at Lingfield but was transferred to Doncaster in 2010 – the two races were both run at the same meeting again until 2022.

In April 2023 the British Horseracing Authority announced the removal of the race from the 2023/24 programme.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Ted Post
Theodore Ian Post (March 31, 1918 – August 20, 2013) was an American film, television, and theatre director. He directed numerous episodes of well-known television series during the 1950s and '60s, and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy and two Directors Guild of America Awards for his work. His feature film directing credits included the Clint Eastwood vehicles Hang 'Em High (1968) and Magnum Force (1973), the Planet of the Apes film Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970), the Vietnam War film Go Tell the Spartans (1978), and the Chuck Norris action picture Good Guys Wear Black (also 1978).

Peyton Place (TV series)
Peyton Place is an American prime-time soap opera that aired on ABC in half-hour episodes from September 15, 1964, to June 2, 1969.

Loosely based upon the 1956 novel of the same name by Grace Metalious, the series was preceded by a 1957 film adaptation. A total of 514 episodes were broadcast, in black-and-white from 1964 to 1966 and in color from 1966 to 1969. The first color episode is episode #268. At the show's peak, ABC ran three new episodes a week. The program was produced by 20th Century Fox Television. A number of guest stars appeared in the series for extended periods, among them Dan Duryea, Susan Oliver, Leslie Nielsen, Gena Rowlands, and Lee Grant (who won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Drama for her role of tough-as-nails Stella Chernak). The series served as the springboard for such performers as Mia Farrow, Ryan O'Neal, Barbara Parkins, Christopher Connelly, David Canary, Mariette Hartley, and Lana Wood.
MIT Chemistry Department
The Department of Chemistry at MIT was established in 1865. Research conducted covers the entire field of chemistry, ranging from organic chemistry and biological chemistry to physical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, environmental chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience.

Charles William Eliot
Charles William Eliot (March 20, 1834 – August 22, 1926) was an American academic who was president of Harvard University from 1869 to 1909, the longest term of any Harvard president. A member of the prominent Eliot family of Boston, he transformed Harvard from a respected provincial college into America's preeminent research university.
Theodore Roosevelt called him "the only man in the world I envy."
2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open – Men's singles
Rafael Nadal defeated the defending champion Roger Federer in a rematch of the previous year's final, 6–4, 7–6(7–5) to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2010 Madrid Open.

This tournament marked the final professional appearance of former world No. 1, 1998 French Open and three-time Masters champion Carlos Moyá; he lost in the first round to Benjamin Becker.

Benjamin Becker
Benjamin Becker (born 16 June 1981) is a German former professional tennis player. He is most known for defeating former world No. 1 Andre Agassi in the third round at the 2006 US Open, in Agassi's last match as a professional player.

Becker has reached a career-high ATP ranking of No. 35 in singles on 27 October 2014, and No. 58 in doubles on 5 July 2010.

Becker is not related to German compatriot and former professional tennis player Boris Becker.
Oulad Ouchih
Oulad Ouchih is a small town and rural commune in Larache Province of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 22,426 people living in 3,851 households.

Tangier-Tétouan-Al Hoceima
Tangier-Tétouan-Al Hoceima (Arabic: طنجة - تطوان - الحسيمة, romanized: ṭanja - tiṭwān - al-ḥusayma) is the northernmost of the twelve regions of Morocco. It covers an area of 15,090 km2 and recorded a population of 4,030,222 in the 2024 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Tangier.
Virtual Doorman
Virtual Doorman is an American company that provides remote security and concierge services for residential and commercial buildings. It was the first company to introduce a remote doorman system in New York City, offering services such as video-based access control, visitor screening, and package management. The company is headquartered in New York City and operates primarily in the United States.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Murders in the Rue Morgue (1971 film)
Murders in the Rue Morgue is a 1971 American mystery horror film directed by Gordon Hessler for AIP (England), the British branch of American International Pictures (AIP). It stars Jason Robards, Christine Kaufmann, Herbert Lom, Adolfo Celi, Michael Dunn and Lilli Palmer. The screenplay by Christopher Wicking and Henry Slesar is a loose adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's 1841 short story of the same name. However, it departs from Poe's version in several significant aspects, at times more resembling Gaston Leroux's The Phantom of the Opera, and incorporating the historical character Eugène François Vidocq.

The final film of AIP's "Poe cycle," Murders in the Rue Morgue was released by AIP on July 21, 1971. It received mixed to negative reviews from critics. According to Gordon Hessler, the film was heavily re-edited by producers before its release.

Henry Slesar
Henry Slesar (June 12, 1927 – April 2, 2002) was an American author and playwright. He is famous for his use of irony and twist endings. After reading Slesar's "M Is for the Many" in Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, Alfred Hitchcock bought it for adaptation and they began many successful collaborations. Slesar wrote hundreds of scripts for television series and soap operas, leading TV Guide to call him "the writer with the largest audience in America."
4 Union Street, Peterhead
4 Union Street is a Category C listed building in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Dating to the late 18th century, the residential building stands at the corner of Union Street, Broad Street and Seagate, to the west of the Fishermen's Mission and directly opposite Peterhead's dry dock. It sits behind Arbuthnot House, the town's former municipal chambers.

Fishermen's Mission
Fishermen's Mission (since 2014), officially The Royal National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen (RNMDSF), is a British charitable organisation founded in 1881 to help those working in the UK's fishing industry. The charity, which is run on Christian principles, supports and welcomes persons of all faiths and none. It was founded at the end of the 19th century (1881) to provide assistance and support to the impoverished fishing communities around the coasts of Britain.