hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab
Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab (Arabic: محمد الزروق رجب) (born 7 March 1940) was a former Head of State and General Secretary of the People's Committee (Prime Minister) in Libya.

Rajab was General Secretary of the General People's Congress from January 7, 1981 to February 15, 1984. From 16 February 1984 to 3 March 1986 he was the prime minister of Libya. He was Minister of Treasury from 1972 to 1977, and Secretary of Finance from 1977 to 1981.

General People's Congress (Libya)
The General People's Congress (Arabic: مؤتمر الشعب العام الليبي, Mu'tammar al-sha'ab al 'âmm), often abbreviated as the GPC, was the unicameral national legislature of Libya, during the existence of Muammar Gaddafi's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. It consisted of 2,700 representatives of the Basic People's Congresses (BPC).

The GPC was the legislative forum that interacted with the General People's Committee (GPCO), whose members were secretaries of Libyan ministries. It notionally served as the intermediary between the masses and the leadership and was composed of the secretariats of some 600 local "basic popular congresses." The GPC secretariat and the cabinet secretaries were appointed by the GPC secretary general and confirmed by the annual GPC session. These cabinet secretaries were responsible for the routine operation of their ministries.
Palm Valley (Northern Territory)
Palm Valley (Western Arrarnta: Mpulungkinya, mool-ung-kin-yah), within the Finke Gorge National Park, is an east-west running valley in the Krichauff Range 123 km (138 km by road) southwest of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory, Australia. Palm Valley and the surrounding area is the only place in Central Australia where Red Cabbage Palms (Livistona mariae) survive. The nearest related species is 850 kilometres away in Katherine NT. The surrounding region is largely dry Central Ranges xeric scrub.

The average rainfall for Palm Valley is only 200 mm per year. Although the gorge usually appears dry, there are some small pockets of semi-permanent spring-fed pools that allow the unique flora in this region to survive. During significant rainfall in the region, expanses of water can be witnessed flowing through the valley gorge. During such events, a variety of aquatic life such as desert fish, shield shrimps (Triops australiensis), tadpoles and frogs can flourish.

Arrernte language
Arrernte or Aranda (/ˈʌrəndə/; Eastern Arrernte pronunciation: [aɾəⁿɖə]), or sometimes referred to as Upper Arrernte (Upper Aranda), is a dialect cluster in the Arandic language group spoken in parts of the Northern Territory, Australia, by the Arrernte people. Other spelling variations are Arunta or Arrarnta, and all of the dialects have multiple other names.

There are about 1,800 speakers of Eastern/Central Arrernte, making this dialect one of the widest spoken of any Indigenous language in Australia, the one usually referred to as Arrernte and the one described in detail below. It is spoken in the Alice Springs area and taught in schools and universities, heard in media and used in local government.

The second biggest dialect in the group is Alyawarre. Some of the other dialects are spoken by very few people, leading to efforts to revive their usage; others are now completely extinct.
Maritime Labor Board
The Maritime Labor Board (MLB) was an independent US government agency with responsibilities for mediating and researching US labor law in relation to labor disputes in the maritime industry.  In 1941, its mediation function lapsed, after which it focused exclusively on research.

Maritime administrations
Maritime administrations, or flag state administrations, are the executive arms/state bodies of each government responsible for carrying out the shipping responsibilities of the state, and are tasked to administer national shipping and boating issues and laws within their territorial waters and for vessels flagged in that country, or that fall under their jurisdiction.

The main functions are:

Government policy for ships and boating, marine safety in general, seaworthiness, safe construction and stability

Policing Dangerous goods being carried, Navigation safety, Safe manning, Certificates of Competency/licenses for crew

Health, safety and welfare of crew, civil search and rescue

Prevention and combating marine pollution and response, investigation of marine accidents

Represents country on IMO and other International Conventions
ISO 3166-2:MU
ISO 3166-2:MU is the entry for Mauritius in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Mauritius, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for three dependencies and 9 districts.

Each code consists of two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is MU, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Mauritius. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
2003 NAIA football rankings
One human poll made up the 2003 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) football rankings, sometimes called the NAIA Coaches' Poll or the football ratings. Once the regular season was complete, the NAIA sponsored a playoff to determine the year's national champion. A final poll was then taken after completion of the 2003 NAIA Football National Championship.

NAIA Coaches' Poll
The NAIA Coaches' Poll typically refers to a weekly ranking of the top 25 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) college football and college basketball teams, though other NAIA polls exist as well.  The poll is voted upon by a panel of head coaches representing each of the conferences and independents.
Miss Universe Colombia 2024
Miss Universe Colombia 2024 was the fifth Miss Universe Colombia pageant, held at the Puerta de Oro Centro de Eventos del Caribe in Barranquilla, Colombia, on June 2, 2024.

Camila Avella of Casanare crowned Daniela Toloza of Valle del Cauca as her successor at the end of the event. Toloza represented Colombia at the Miss Universe 2024 in México City, México, but was Unplaced.

Casanare Department
Casanare (Spanish pronunciation: [kasaˈnaɾe], Spanish: Departamento de Casanare) is a department located in the central eastern of Colombia. It is famous for its oil and natural gas production as well as its livestock and extensive plains. It is also the tenth largest department with an area of 44,490 km2, similar to that of Denmark, but also the seventh least densely populated.

Its capital is Yopal, which is also the episcopal seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Yopal.

It contains oil fields and an 800 km pipeline leading to the coastal port of Coveñas owned by BP.
Royal Flush (novel)
Royal Flush is a 1932 British historical novel by the British writer Margaret Irwin. It portrays the married life of Henrietta Stuart, known as Minette, who married into the French royal family in the mid-seventeenth century. In particular it focuses on her careful diplomatic relationship with her brother Charles II, climaxing in the Treaty of Dover.

Henrietta of England
Henrietta of England (Henrietta Anne Stuart; 16 June 1644 O.S. [26 June 1644 N.S.] – 30 June 1670) was the youngest child of King Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France. She was Duchess of Orléans through her marriage to Philippe I, Duke of Orléans.

Fleeing England with her mother as an infant in the midst of the English Civil War, Henrietta moved to the court of her first cousin King Louis XIV of France, where she was known as Minette. She married her cousin Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, and became a fille de France, but their relationship was marked by frequent tensions over suitors common to the two.

Henrietta played an instrumental role in negotiating the Secret Treaty of Dover between France and England against the Dutch Republic in June 1670, the same month as her unexpected death at the age of 26. Jacobite claims to the British throne after Henry Benedict Stuart's death descend from her daughter Anne Marie.
Vital (grape)
Vital is a white Portuguese wine grape variety that is grown primarily in Western Portugal. Sometimes known under the synonym Malvasia Corado, the variety tends to produce rather neutral flavor wine with low acidity unless the grape is grown in vineyards of high altitude.

Another common synonym in the Lisboa VR of the former Estremadura Province is Malvasia Fina though ampelographers are not sure if Vital is related to the Malvasia grown widely in Italy, Greece and throughout Europe. One key difference that ampelographers note is that the shape of the leaves of Vital and the various Malvasia species tend to be very different. Even in the Douro DOC there is a Malvasia Fina used in Port wine production that may or may not be the same variety as Vital.

Ampelography
Ampelography (ἄμπελος, "vine" + γράφος, "writing") is the field of botany concerned with the identification and classification of grapevines, Vitis spp. Traditionally this has been done by comparing the shape and colour of the vine leaves and grape berries; more recently the study of vines has been revolutionised by DNA fingerprinting.
Omophoita cyanipennis
Omophoita cyanipennis, the eight-spotted flea beetle, is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea, Central América, North América and Colombia, Valle del Cauca.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
Ceder
Ceder is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ralph Ceder (1898–1951), American film director and writer

Ulf Ceder (born 1974), Finnish darts player

Jurgen Ceder, Belgian politician

Don Ceder, Dutch politician

Jurgen Ceder
Jurgen Ceder (born 1963) is a Belgian politician and a member of the N-VA. He was first elected as a member of the Belgian Senate in 1995 for the Vlaams Blok party.  In 2009, he became group leader in the senate for Vlaams Belang. In July 2012 he became a member of N-VA. Because he was associated with the 70-point plan drawn up with the Vlaams Blok party, it caused dissatisfaction among other prominent members of N-VA with some members calling on the party not to adopt him as a candidate.
Walt Rogers
Walt Rogers (born July 5, 1961) is an American politician who served as a Republican Iowa State Representative from the 60th District from 2011 to 2019.

As of October 2011, Rogers serves on several committees in the Iowa House – the Appropriations, Judiciary, State Government, and Transportation committees.  He also serves as the vice chair of the Administration and Regulation Appropriations Subcommittee and as a member of the Research and Development School Advisory Council.

On October 1, 2013, Rogers announced his candidacy for United States Congress in Iowa's 1st congressional district in the 2014 election cycle.

He was born and raised in Waterloo, Iowa.

Iowa's 1st congressional district
Iowa's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Iowa that covers its southeastern part, bordering the states of Illinois and  Missouri, and the Mississippi River. The district includes the cities of Davenport, Iowa City, Burlington, and Indianola. Republican Mariannette Miller-Meeks is the current U.S. representative.
Lithospermum officinale
Lithospermum officinale, or common gromwell or European stoneseed, is a flowering plant species in the family Boraginaceae, native to Eurasia. It is the host plant for caterpillars of the monophagous moth Ethmia dodecea.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy
The Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy (also known as Sculptor Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy or the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy, and formerly as the Sculptor System) is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy that is a satellite of the Milky Way. The galaxy lies within the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered in 1937 by American astronomer Harlow Shapley using the 24-inch Bruce refractor at Boyden Observatory. The galaxy is located about 290,000 light-years away from the Solar System. The Sculptor Dwarf contains only 4 percent of the carbon and other heavy elements in our own galaxy, the Milky Way, making it similar to primitive galaxies seen at the edge of the universe.

Harlow Shapley
Harlow Shapley (November 2, 1885 – October 20, 1972) was an American astronomer, who served as head of the Harvard College Observatory from 1921–1952, and political activist during the latter New Deal and Fair Deal.

Shapley used Cepheid variable stars to estimate the size of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Sun's position within it. In 1953 he proposed his "liquid water belt" theory, a concept now known as a habitable zone.
Be the One (BoA song)
"Be the One" is BoA's 12th Japanese solo single. Due to the popularity of the song from her third Japanese album, Love & Honesty, it was released as a special single. Containing only one song, one remix and one instrumental track. The single reached #15 on Oricon Singles Charts. It is featured as a bonus track for the Samurai Warriors 1 Soundtrack.

Samurai Warriors
Samurai Warriors is a 2004 hack and slash video game developed by Omega Force and published by Koei for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. It was released outside Japan by Electronic Arts. It is based closely around the Sengoku ("Warring States") period of Japanese history and is a sister series of the Dynasty Warriors series. A port titled Samurai Warriors: State of War was released for the PlayStation Portable, which includes additional multiplayer features.

A sequel, Samurai Warriors 2, was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox 360, then ported to Microsoft Windows in 2008.
Postage stamps and postal history of Sharjah
Civil mail from Sharjah went through the post office in Dubai until 1963. Military mail from the British Forces stationed in the area went through the RAF airport in Sharjah.

On 10 July 1963, Sharjah opened its own post office and began to issue its stamps and postal stationery under the name of Sharjah & Dependencies (which included Kalba, Khor Fakkan, and Dibba). There were also unauthorized overprints using Hamriyah, a frequently secessionist coastal town but officially subject to Sharjah and which never gained recognition as a Trucial State in its own right.

Sharjah and its dependencies joined the United Arab Emirates on 2 December 1971, but continued to issue its own stamps. On 31 July 1972, the UAE assumed full postal responsibilities. Nevertheless, Sharjah continued to use its own stamps until the issuance of the first UAE definitive series on 1 January 1973. Covers with mixed UAE and Sharjah frankings are known.

Kalba
Kalba (Arabic: كَلْبَاء, romanized: Kalbāʾ) is a city in the Emirate of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is an exclave of Sharjah lying on the Gulf of Oman coast north of Oman. Khor Kalba (Kalba Creek), an important nature reserve and mangrove swamp, is located south of the town by the Omani border.

Kalba Mangrove reserve is open to the public and was developed as an eco-tourism resort by the Sharjah Investment and Development Authority (Shurooq). A number of conservationists and ecologists have expressed concern regarding the project.
Madonna with Child between Sts. Flavian and Onuphrius
Madonna with Child between Saints Flavian and Onuphrius is an oil-on-panel painting by Lorenzo Lotto, signed and dated 1508, now in the Borghese Gallery, in Rome.

The painting was executed in the same year of the Recanati Polyptych, when Lotto moved to Rome (although it is not known if he had already painted it before leaving the Marche). It was first mentioned in a 1693 document, when it was already part of the Borghese Collection.

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Isokelekel
Isokelekel was a semi-mythical hero warrior and demigod who founded pre-modern Pohnpei sometime in the 1500s to the early 1600s. He invaded the island, ended the oppressive rule of the Saudeleur dynasty, and instituted the decentralized chiefdom (nahnmwarki) system that has survived through modern times.

Warrior
A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.
Mirwais Neeka University
Mirwais Neeka University is a private higher education institution located in the western Shahr-e Naw area of Kandahar, Afghanistan. It is named in honor of Mirwais Hotak, founder of the Hotak dynasty at Kandahar. Students at the university can apply for three faculties such as Law and International Relations, Faculty of Economics, and Medical Faculty.

Mirwais Hotak
Mirwais Khan Hotak (c. 1673 – November 1715) was an Afghan ruler from the Hotak sub-tribe of the Ghilji tribe of Pashtuns of Kandahar, Afghanistan, and the short-lived founder of the Hotak dynasty.

In 1709, after overthrowing and assassinating George XI of Kartil, the Safavid Persian governor, Hotak declared independence of the Loy Kandahar region, now southern Afghanistan. Hotak is widely known as Mirwais Nikə (ميرويس نيکه) or Mirwais Baba (ميرويس بابا)—"Mirwais the Grandfather" in Pashto.
Víctor Luengo
Víctor José Luengo Ciscar (born February 1, 1974) is a former Spanish professional basketball player. Luengo played the majority of his career with Valencia Basket, as he spent 14 seasons with the club. He finished his career with two seasons for Gandía BA in the second division LEB Oro. His jersey number 15 was retired by Valencia.

Primera FEB
The Primera FEB, formerly known as LEB or LEB Oro, is the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It is run by the FEB. The FEB leagues are divided into three categories (the other two are the Segunda FEB and the Tercera FEB). The league was founded in 1996 and is played under FIBA rules.

The league is contested by 18 clubs. Each season, the top-finishing team in the Primera FEB are automatically promoted to the Liga ACB. The teams that finish the season in 2nd to 9th place enter a playoff tournament, with the winner also gaining promotion to the Liga ACB. The three lowest-finishing teams in the Primera FEB are relegated to Segunda FEB.

A total of 81 teams have competed in Primera FEB since its inception in 1996. 19 teams have been crowned champions and 30 teams have gained promotion to Liga ACB, of which only four teams could not play in Liga ACB. Club Melilla Baloncesto is the only team that played all seasons of the league.
Pampanga River
The Pampanga River is the second largest river on the island of Luzon in the Philippines (next to the Cagayan River) and the country's fifth longest river. It is in the Central Luzon region and traverses the provinces of Pampanga, Bulacan, and Nueva Ecija.

Central Luzon
Central Luzon (Tagalog: Gitnang Luzon; Kapampangan: Kalibudtarang Luzon; Sambal: Botlay a Luzon; Pangasinan: Pegley a Luzon; Ilocano: Tengnga a Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises seven provinces: Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga (with its capital, City of San Fernando serving as the regional center), Tarlac, and Zambales; and two highly urbanized cities, Angeles and Olongapo. San Jose del Monte is the most populous city in the region. The region contains the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply, earning itself the nickname "Rice Granary of the Philippines". It is also the region to have the most number of provinces.
Megham
Megham (transl. Cloud) is a 1999 Indian Malayalam-language comedy-drama film directed by Priyadarshan, written by T. Damodaran, produced by Suresh Balaje and distributed by Mohanlal through Pranavam Movies. It stars Mammootty, Dileep, Priya Gill, Pooja Batra, K. P. A. C. Lalitha, Sreenivasan, Nedumudi Venu, Captain Raju and Cochin Haneefa. The music was composed by Ouseppachan.

Suresh Balaje
Suresh Balaji is an Indian film producer, primarily working in Malayalam and Tamil films. He is the son of producer and actor K. Balaji. He has produced films such as Billa, Vazhvey Maayam, Gandharvam, Ulladakkam, 13 B, Yaavarum Nalam, Malamaal Weekly, Phir Milenge and Billa 2.

He is now working as an executive producer as well as a line producer under the banner Wide Angle Creations with his business partner George Pius. The french film Dheepan which won the Palme d'Or at 68th Cannes Film Festival is a collaboration of Wide Angle Creations and French director Jacques Audiard.
Thelopsis
Thelopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Gyalectaceae. The genus was established by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1855 and contains small bark-dwelling crustose lichens that form thin crusts on surfaces. These lichens make flask-shaped fruiting bodies called perithecia, which contain numerous small ascospores divided by cross-walls. Recent molecular studies have revealed that the genus forms a closely related group within the broader Gyalecta complex, leading to taxonomic revisions that now recognise about a dozen species worldwide.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.