hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paulus Gerdes
Paulus Pierre Joseph Gerdes (November 11, 1952 – November 10, 2014) was a Dutch mathematician and university professor, who was one of the pioneers in the field of ethnomathematics research, particularly in Africa.

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
Alina Dorofeeva
Alina Anatolyevna Dorofeeva (Russian: Алина Анатольевна Дорофеева; born 31 August 1998) is a footballer who plays as a defender for Russian Women's Championship club Yenisey. Born in Russia, she plays for the Azerbaijan women's national team. She represented her country of birth at under-17 international level.

Russian Women's Football Championship
The Russian Women's Football Championship (Russian: Чемпионат России по футболу среди женщин, romanized: Chempionat Rossii po futbolu sredi zhenshchin), also known as the Top Division and the Women's Football League, is the highest professional  women's football league in Russia.

The Top Division was founded in 1992. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the women's league played two seasons in 1990 and 1991.
Dullu Palace
Dullu Palace (Nepali: दुल्लु दरबार) used to be the administrative centre of Dullu Kingdom in ancient Nepal. It is located in Dailekh district of western Nepal. In April 2002 (29 Baisakh 2059 BS) Maoist bombarded the palace. Currently, the ruins of the palace exist in the current spot. The local government is trying to find funds to renovate the palace and convert the place into a tourist attraction.

Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.
Cirque Lodge
Cirque Lodge is a for-profit luxury drug rehab center located in Sundance, Utah, United States, founded in 1999. Cirque Lodge specializes in treating drug and alcohol addiction in adults and youth as well as offering family workshops, individualized therapy programs and weekly onsite AA meetings. In 2002, Cirque Lodge opened a second facility in Orem, Utah in the former Osmond Studios built for the Donny & Marie television series. At any one time the facilities have a maximum capacity of 56 patients.

Donny & Marie (1976 TV series)
Donny & Marie is an American variety show that aired on ABC from January 1976 to May 1979.  The show starred brother-and-sister pop duo Donny and Marie Osmond. Donny had first become popular singing in a music group with his brothers, The Osmonds, and Marie was one of the youngest singers to reach No. 1 on the Billboard country music charts (with "Paper Roses", in 1973).

The siblings were offered a weekly show by ABC-TV President Fred Silverman after he saw the duo co-host a week on The Mike Douglas Show which followed their series of popular remakes of oldies, such as "I'm Leaving It All Up to You", "Morning Side of the Mountain" and "Make the World Go Away".  Donny and Marie (18 and 16 years old, respectively, when the program premiered) were the youngest entertainers in TV history to host their own variety show. A year later, The Keane Brothers would break this record.
Port of Muskogee
The Port of Muskogee, rebranded as Port Muskogee in January 2023, is a regional inland port located on the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System in Muskogee County, Oklahoma, in the United States. It is a multi-modal local hub for the transport of goods via trucks, railroad, and barges on the Arkansas River. It is one of the farthest inland ports in the United States that remains ice-free year-round and can access the Gulf of Mexico. It is located near the confluence of the Arkansas River, Grand River and Verdigris River in Oklahoma, at River Mile 393.8 of the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System.

Verdigris River
The Verdigris River /ˈvɜːrdɪɡrɪs/ is a tributary of the Arkansas River in southeastern Kansas and northeastern Oklahoma in the United States.  It is about 310 miles (500 km) long.  Via the Arkansas, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.
Asclepias tuberosa
Asclepias tuberosa, commonly known as butterfly weed, is a species of milkweed native to eastern and southwestern North America. It is commonly known as butterfly weed because of the butterflies that are attracted to the plant by its color and its copious production of nectar.

Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, honeyeaters and bats. 
Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for honey.

Nectar is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adult stages of some predatory insects feed on nectar. For example, a number of predacious or parasitoid wasps (e.g., the social wasp species Apoica flavissima) rely on nectar as a primary food source. In turn, these wasps then hunt agricultural pest insects as food for their young.

Nectar is most often associated with flowering plants (angiosperms), but it is also produced by other groups, including ferns.
Nicholas of Bray
Nicholas of Bray (or Nicolas de Brai) was a French clergyman and poet who wrote a Latin epic on the deeds of King Louis VIII of France (1223–1226), the Gesta Ludovici VIII.

Nicholas is probably to be identified with the Nicholas who is recorded as the dean of the collegiate chapter in Bray-sur-Seine in 1202. He dedicated the Gesta to William of Auvergne, bishop of Paris (1228–1249). The only copy of the Gesta today is a copy made by André Duchesne in the 17th century.

The Gesta is 1,870 lines long, but is incomplete as it stands. It centres around the siege of La Rochelle in 1224 and the siege of Avignon in 1226. One line suggests that he was present at Avignon. Nicholas imitates Ovid's Metamorphoses, introducing thereby much classical mythology, but still contains some useful information for the historian. On the whole, the Gesta reveals more about mores and customs than historical events.

Archdiocese of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: Archidioecesis Parisiensis; French: Archidiocèse de Paris) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on October 20, 1622. Before that date the bishops were suffragan to the archbishops of Sens.
Siobhan Finneran filmography
Siobhan Finneran is an English actress who has worked in theatre, television and film. Finneran made her film debut starring as Rita in the 1987 film release Rita, Sue and Bob Too. Over the following decade, Finneran established herself as a television actress appearing frequently in both comedic and dramatic guest roles. Into the 21st century, Finneran began appearing in more regular and leading roles in returning and standalone television series. Her more prolific work includes Benidorm (2007–2015), Downton Abbey (2010–2012) and Happy Valley (2014–2023).

Finneran has appeared in several additional independent films, most notably in The Selfish Giant (2013) which earned her a British Independent Film Award nomination. She has also appeared in several theatre productions — including the original production of On the Shore of the Wide World (2005) at the Royal Exchange, Manchester.

British Independent Film Awards
The British Independent Film Awards (BIFA) is an organisation that celebrates, supports, and promotes British independent cinema and film-making talent in the United Kingdom. Nominations for the annual awards ceremony are announced in early November, with the ceremony itself taking place in early December.

Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK-wide talent development and film screening programmes, with the support of Creative Skillset and the  British Film Institute.
Devrim Cenk Ulusoy
Devrim Cenk Ulusoy (born 2 January 1973) is a Turkish  World record holder free-diver. Currently, he performs his underwater sport activities for Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Su Altı Sporları Kulübü (Middle East Technical University Underwater Sports Club).

Middle East Technical University
Middle East Technical University (commonly referred to as METU; in Turkish, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, ODTÜ) is a public research university located in Ankara, Turkey.

The university offers 41 undergraduate programs across five faculties and 105 master's and 70 doctoral programs through five graduate schools. The main campus of METU spans an area of 11,100 acres (4,500 ha), comprising, in addition to academic and auxiliary facilities, a forest area of 7,500 acres (3,000 ha), and the natural Lake Eymir. METU has more than 120,000 alumni worldwide. The official language of instruction at METU is English.

METU had the greatest share in national research funding by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) in the last five years. Over 40% of METU's undergraduate alumni choose to pursue graduate studies.
Norayr Kasper
Norayr Kasper is a Canadian cinematographer and artist. He is most noted for his work on the 2014 film Fall, for which he was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Cinematography at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015.

Grew up in Venice, Kasper studied (BFA) cinema and film production at Concordia University in Montreal, and regularly works in both Canadian and European cinema. His other credits have included the theatrical films Calendar, The Life Before This, Two Thousand and None, Time of the Wolf, Zenne Dancer, Faith, Fraud, & Minimum Wage, Hellions and Goodbye Happiness (Au revoir le bonheur), the television films The Last Debate, Trudeau, Shania: A Life in Eight Albums, Booky Makes Her Mark, Last Exit and Booky and the Secret Santa, and episodes of the television series Cracked.

Shania: A Life in Eight Albums
Shania: A Life in Eight Albums is a Canadian television movie, which premiered on CBC Television at 8pm on November 7, 2005. It is a biopic of Canadian country star Shania Twain, that was originally scheduled to air in October, but was delayed by the CBC labour dispute. The film was divided into eight chapters, each defined by its own colour code, style and symbolic album cover title.
Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12
The Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12 (also known as the 2012 FFB Snooker Open and the 2012 Arcaden Shopping Open for sponsorship purposes.) was a professional minor-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 15 and 16 December 2011 at the World Snooker Academy in Sheffield, England with the first three rounds and 6–8 January 2012 at the Event Forum in Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany from the last 16 onwards.

Matthew Stevens made the 82nd official maximum break during his last 128 match against Michael Wasley. This was Stevens' first 147 break. On the same day Ding Junhui made the 83rd official maximum break during his last 128 match against Brandon Winstone. This was Ding's third 147 break. This was the first time that two official maximum breaks have been compiled on the same day.

Stephen Maguire won his seventh professional title by defeating Joe Perry 4–2 in the final.

Fürstenfeldbruck
Fürstenfeldbruck (German pronunciation: [fʏʁstn̩fɛltˈbʁʊk] ⓘ) is a town in Bavaria, Germany, 32 kilometres west of Munich. It is the capital of the district of Fürstenfeldbruck. As of 2004 it had a population of 35,494. Since the 1930s Fürstenfeldbruck has had an air force base.
Cysteine-rich secretory protein
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins, often abbreviated as CRISPs, are a group of glycoproteins. They are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and Pr-1 (CAP) protein superfamily and also contain a domain related to the ShK toxins. They are substantially implicated in the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. CRISPs are also found in a variety of snake venoms where they inhibit both smooth muscle contraction and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
Åke Svenson
Åke Svenson (born 29 March 1953) is a Swedish Olympic middle-distance runner. He represented his country in the men's 1500 meters at the 1976 Summer Olympics. His time was a 3:44.42 in the first heat. He also competed in the men's 800 metres, posting a 1:48.86 in the heats.

Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1,500m metres was an event at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The final was held on Saturday 31 July 1976 and was contested by 9 athletes. The semifinals were held on 30 July 1976 and were contested by 18 athletes. The heats were held on 29 July 1976 and 45 athletes entered; 42 athletes from 28 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by John Walker of New Zealand, the nation's first 1500 metres title since 1964 and third overall. Ivo Van Damme's silver was Belgium's first medal in the event.

As of 2023, the winning margin of 0.10 seconds remains the narrowest winning margin in the men's 1500 metres at the Olympics since the introduction of fully automatic timing.
2012 Aaron's 499
The 2012 Aaron's 499 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on May 6, 2012 at Talladega Superspeedway in Talladega, Alabama. Contested over 194 laps (with a green-white-checkered finish), it was the tenth race of the 2012 season. Brad Keselowski of Penske Racing took his second win of the season, while Kyle Busch finished second and Matt Kenseth finished third.

There were five cautions and thirty-five lead changes among nineteen different drivers throughout the course of the race. The result moved Keselowski into the twelfth position in the Drivers' Championship. He remained seventy-nine points behind of first place driver Greg Biffle and thirteen ahead of thirteen placed Ryan Newman. Chevrolet maintained its lead in the Manufacturers' Championship, five points ahead of Toyota and ten ahead of Ford, with twenty-six races remaining in the season.

Talladega, Alabama
Talladega (/ˌtæləˈdɪɡə/, also /ˌtæləˈdeɪɡə/) is a city in and the county seat of Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1835. At the 2020 census, the population was 15,861. Talladega is approximately 50 miles (80 km) east of one of the state's largest cities, Birmingham.

The city is home to the Alabama Institute for the Deaf and Blind, Talladega Municipal Airport, and Talladega College, a historically black college. The Talladega Superspeedway,  and the International Motorsports Hall of Fame are located nearby. The First National Bank of Talladega (now First Bank of Alabama) is the oldest bank in the State of Alabama, being founded in 1848.
Nicholas Ciotti
Nicholas J. "Buddy" Ciotti  was a Chicago Outfit associate and poker machine kingpin. Ciotti was the owner of All Games Amusement Inc., which supplied illegal video gambling machines to several Chicago suburbs, including Stone Park, Northlake, Melrose Park, Franklin Park and River Grove. In 2000 he pleaded guilty in federal court to gambling conspiracy and money laundering charges. He was released from prison on August 2, 2002 and died several months later at the age of 58.

Franklin Park, Illinois
Franklin Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 18,467 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 18,110 in 2024. It was named for real estate broker Lesser Franklin who bought acres of the area when it was a majority of farming fields.
Chella Pillai
Chella Pillai (transl. Dear Child) is a 1955 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film directed by M. V. Raman and produced by A. V. Meiyappan of AVM Productions. The screenplay was written by Javar Seetharaman. Music was composed by R. Sudarsanam. It stars K. R. Ramasamy and Savitri, with T. S. Balaiah, B. R. Panthulu, P. Kannamba, Pandari Bai, K. A. Thangavelu, Javar Seetharaman and Kaka Radhakrishnan in supporting roles. The film was remade in Telugu as Vadina (1955).

Kaka Radhakrishnan
T. V. Radhakrishnan, better known as Kaka Radhakrishnan (c. 1925 – 14 June 2012) was an Indian actor who acted in Tamil language films from the year 1940. He is also notable for having introduced his childhood friend, Sivaji Ganesan, into films.
Oboe–bassoon–piano trio
An oboe–bassoon–piano trio is a chamber music ensemble made up of one oboe, one bassoon, and one piano, or the name of a piece written for such a group.

The ensemble is similar to the classical piano trio in which the violin is replaced by the oboe and the cello is replaced by the bassoon.  The similarity of the oboe and bassoon stem from their relation as members of the double-reed woodwind trio.

Professional trios such as the Poulenc Trio are very rare, but the literature for the group is often performed by ad hoc groups.

Double reed
A double reed is a type of reed used to produce sound in various wind instruments. In contrast with a single-reed instrument, where the instrument is played by channeling air against one piece of cane which vibrates against the mouthpiece and creates a sound, a double reed features two pieces of cane vibrating against each other. This means, for instruments with the double reed fully exposed, that the air flow can be controlled by the embouchure from the top, bottom and sides of the reed. The term double reeds can also refer collectively to the class of instruments which use double reeds.
William A. Bronrott
William A. "Bill" Bronrott (born 1955) served in the Maryland House of Delegates from January 13, 1999, until April 26, 2010, representing Maryland's District 16 in Montgomery County. He stepped down from his seat in the General Assembly to accept a presidential appointment as Deputy Administrator of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration at the United States Department of Transportation.

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) is an agency in the United States Department of Transportation that regulates the trucking industry in the United States. The primary mission of the FMCSA is to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses.
Excise Management Act 1827
The Excise Management Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 53) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated enactments relating to the collection and management of customs in the United Kingdom.

John Charles Herries
John Charles Herries PC (November 1778 – 24 April 1855), known as J. C. Herries, was a British politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid-19th century.
CFBDSIR 2149−0403
CFBDSIR 2149-0403 (full designation CFBDSIR J214947.2-040308.9) is a free-floating planetary-mass object or possibly a high-metallicity, low-mass brown dwarf in the constellation Aquarius. Originally, it was thought to be part of the AB Doradus moving group (ABDMG) as indicated by its position and proper motion, but the same team that discovered the object and conjectured its membership in the group has now rejected that hypothesis due to newer measurements. Without that membership, the age and mass of the object cannot be constrained.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Angola Ferry
The Angola Ferry is a small and little-known ferry service that crossed the Mississippi River connecting Lettsworth, Louisiana with the Louisiana State Penitentiary, otherwise known as the Angola Prison. It's considered difficult to access, requiring drivers to branch off the Louisiana Highway 418 on an unmarked gravel road and traveling several hundred yards thereafter. A good portion of the area's population is unaware of its existence because it serves mainly prison personnel traveling to and from work and is not accessible to the general public.

The ferry was featured prominently in the 2001 film Monster's Ball.

Until 1940, a railroad car float crossed the river nearby, operated first by the Angola Transfer Company and then by the Louisiana and Arkansas Railway.

As of 2019, the Angola Ferry was operational, but only during certain hours of the day. .

Car float
A railroad car float or rail barge is a specialised form of lighter with railway tracks mounted on its deck used to move rolling stock across water obstacles, or to locations they could not otherwise go. An unpowered barge, it is towed by a tugboat or pushed by a towboat.

This is distinguished from a train ferry, which is self-powered.
Chiranjeevi Sudhakar
Chiranjeevi Sudhakar is a 1988 Kannada-language, romantic drama film written and directed by Singeetham Srinivasa Rao. Produced by Parvathamma Rajkumar, the film stars Raghavendra Rajkumar in his lead debut, along with Monisha Unni in her Kannada debut. Shashikumar, Balaraj, Kanchana, Thoogudeepa Srinivas and Vanitha Vasu play key supporting roles. The music is composed by Upendra Kumar.

Monisha Unni
Monisha Unni (24 January 1971 – 5 December 1992) was an Indian actress, known for her works Predominantly in Malayalam films and in a few Tamil films.

Monisha was 16 when she became the youngest actress ever to receive the National Film Award for Best Actress for Nakhakshathangal (1986), her debut feature film. Along with Sharada, Shobhana, Meera Jasmine, and Surabhi Lakshmi. Monisha Unni is one of six Malayalam actresses who have won the National Film Award for Best Actress.

In her short career, Monisha collaborated with directors such as M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Hariharan, Priyadarshan, Ajayan, Kamal and Sibi Malayil.
Cândido
Cândido is a Portuguese masculine given name, equivalent of Spanish Cándido

Cândido de Oliveira (1896–1958), Portuguese football player

Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão (1886–1948), Brazilian zoologist

Cândido José de Araújo Viana (1793–1875), Brazilian writer

Cândido Rondon (1865–1958), Brazilian military officer

José Cândido Carvalho (1914–1989), Brazilian writer

José Cândido da Silveira Avelar (1843–1905), Azorean historian

Cândido de Oliveira
Cândido Plácido Fernandes de Oliveira (24 September 1896 – 23 June 1958) was a Portuguese football player, coach, and sports journalist.

The Portuguese Super Cup is named after him, being officially known as Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira.