hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nordic skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics
At the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, six Nordic skiing events were contested – four cross-country skiing events, one ski jumping event, and one Nordic combined event. It was also the first time that women were allowed to compete in cross-country skiing at the Olympics.

In men's cross-country skiing Hallgeir Brenden of Norway won the 18 km and Veikko Hakulinen of Finland won the 50 km. In the 4x10 km relay the Finnish team won, which consisted of Tapio Mäkelä, Paavo Lonkila, Heikki Hasu, and Urpo Korhonen. In women's cross-country skiing Lydia Wideman of Finland won the only women's event, which was the 10 km.

In ski jumping, the only winner was Arnfinn Bergmann of Norway for the men's large hill. In Nordic combined, the only winner was Simon Slattvik of Norway for the individual.

Lydia Wideman
Lydia Wideman (later Wideman-Lehtonen, 17 May 1920 – 13 April 2019) was a cross-country skier from Finland and the first female Olympic medalist in cross-country skiing. In 1952 she competed in thirteen 10 km races and won all of them, including the 1952 Winter Olympics, national championships and Lahti Ski Games.

Wideman and her twin sister Tyyne were born in a family of ten siblings. Many members of her family were skilled cross-country skiers. In particular, Tyyne won the national 10 km title in 1949–1951, beating Lydia in 1951, but retiring the same year.

In February 2018, following the death of Durward Knowles, she became the oldest living Olympic champion. She died on 13 April 2019, aged 98.
MacKinlay Kantor
MacKinlay Kantor (February 4, 1904 – October 11, 1977), born Benjamin McKinlay Kantor, was an American journalist, novelist and screenwriter.  He wrote more than 30 novels, several set during the American Civil War, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1956 for his 1955 novel, Andersonville.

Look (American magazine)
Look was a biweekly, general-interest magazine published in Des Moines, Iowa, from 1937 to 1971, with editorial offices in New York City. It had an emphasis on photographs and photojournalism in addition to human interest and lifestyle articles. It published many important articles about racial injustice and the civil rights movement. A large-sized magazine of 11 in × 14 in (280 mm × 360 mm), it was a direct competitor to market leader Life. Look ceased publication in 1971.
Marathon (series)
Marathon is a science fiction first-person shooter video game series from Bungie, originally released for the Classic Mac OS. The name of the series is derived from the giant interstellar colony ship that provides the main setting for the first game; the ship is constructed out of the Martian moon Deimos. The series is often regarded as a spiritual predecessor of Bungie's Halo series.

Deimos (moon)
Deimos (/ˈdaɪməs/) is the smaller and outer of the two natural satellites of Mars, the other being Phobos. Deimos has a mean radius of 6.2 km (3.9 mi) and takes 30.3 hours to orbit Mars. Deimos is 23,460 km (14,580 mi) from Mars, much farther than Mars's other moon, Phobos. It is named after Deimos, the Ancient Greek god and personification of dread and terror.
Ethiopian Securities Exchange
The Ethiopian Securities Exchange (ESX) is the primary securities exchange in Ethiopia. Its establishment is part of a broader initiative by the Ethiopian government to enhance the country's financial infrastructure and provide a platform for businesses and investors to engage in securities trading. The development of the ESX is in line with the government's objective to diversify the financial sector and offer more investment opportunities to both domestic and foreign investors.

Diversification (finance)
In finance, diversification is the process of allocating capital in a way that reduces the exposure to any one particular asset or risk.  A common path towards diversification is to reduce risk or volatility by investing in a variety of assets. If asset prices do not change in perfect synchrony, a diversified portfolio will have less variance than the weighted average variance of its constituent assets, and often less volatility than the least volatile of its constituents.

Diversification is one of two general techniques for reducing investment risk. The other is hedging.
George White (dean of Cashel)
Christianity portal

Rev. George Purcell White (1842 – 14 January 1908) was an Irish Anglican clergyman who was Dean of Cashel from 1890 to 1908.

He was the son of James White. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1864. His first post was as Curate of Athassel, of which parish he later became the incumbent. He moved to Templemore in 1881, and remained there until his son took over from him in 1903.

He married Henrietta Poole Townsend in 1865. He died in Cashel, aged 66.

Templemore
Templemore (Irish: An Teampall Mór, meaning 'the big church') is a town in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is a civil parish in the historical barony of Eliogarty. It is part of the parish of Templemore, Clonmore and Killea in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.

The town's population increased from 1,939 at the 2016 census to 2,005 in the 2022 census.
Empty diagonal
The empty diagonal (French: diagonale du vide) is a band of low-density population that stretches from the French department of the Landes in the southwest to the Meuse in the northeast.  The diagonal's population density is very low compared to the rest of France.

Landes (department)
Landes (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃d] ⓘ; Gascon and Occitan: Lanas [ˈlanəs]; Basque: Landak) is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, Southwestern France, with a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It also borders Gers to the east, Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Lot-et-Garonne to the north-east, and Gironde to the north. Located on the Atlantic coast, it had a population of 413,690 as of 2019. Its prefecture is Mont-de-Marsan.

The department is the second-largest department in France and it covers the Forest of Landes. The southwestern part of the department is part of the wider conurbation of Biarritz and Bayonne across the Pyrénées-Atlantique border.
Lola Montès
Lola Montès is a 1955 historical romance film, and the last completed film of director Max Ophüls. Based on Cécil Saint-Laurent's novel La vie extraordinaire de Lola Montès, the film depicts the life of Irish dancer and courtesan Lola Montez (1821–1861), portrayed by Martine Carol, and tells the story of her many notorious affairs, most notably those with Franz Liszt and Ludwig I of Bavaria. A co-production between France and West Germany, the dialogue is mostly in French and German, with a few English-language sequences.

The most expensive European film produced up to its time, Lola Montès underperformed at the box office but had a significant artistic influence on the French New Wave movement and has many distinguished critical admirers. Heavily reedited (multiple times) and shortened after its initial release for commercial reasons, it has been twice restored (in 1968 and 2008). The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in North America by The Criterion Collection in February 2010.

New York Film Festival
The New York Film Festival (NYFF) is a film festival held every fall in New York City, presented by Film at Lincoln Center. Founded in 1963 by Richard Roud and Amos Vogel with the support of Lincoln Center president William Schuman, NYFF is one of the longest-running and most prestigious film festivals in the United States. It is a non-competitive festival centered on a "Main Slate" of typically 20–30 feature films, with additional sections for experimental cinema and new restorations.

Dennis Lim is the Artistic Director for NYFF. Kent Jones was the festival director from 2013 to 2019.
Kurbo
Kurbo is a digital therapeutics program focused on sustainable healthy eating for children and teenagers. The program tracks and manages nutrition, exercise and weight of adolescents. It operates through a mobile application and a website, providing health coaching from weight loss and behavior change professionals to tackle childhood obesity.

Kurbo was acquired by WW International (formerly Weight Watchers) in August 2019 and the Kurbo app was launched by Weight Watchers (WW International) in December 2020.

Health coaching
Health coaching is a process that uses evidence-based communication and behavioral strategies to support clients or patients in making health-related behavior changes. Health coaches are trained or credentialed professionals who work with individuals managing chronic conditions or those at risk for such conditions.
DaeSean Hamilton
DaeSean Kameron Hamilton (born March 10, 1995) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions. He was selected by the Denver Broncos in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
BNS Shaheed Ruhul Amin (1994)
BNS Shaheed Ruhul Amin was an Island-class offshore patrol vessel of the Bangladesh Navy used as a training ship. She was built and served as a Royal Navy Island-class patrol vessel HMS Jersey (P295) from 1977 to 1993.

Bangladesh Navy
The Bangladesh Navy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, romanized: Bānlādeś Noubāhinī; abbreviated as BN) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for defending the maritime interests and territorial waters of Bangladesh. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, the Navy conducts maritime security, naval defense, surveillance, and disaster relief operations. Established after the 1971 Liberation War, the Bangladesh Navy has developed into a modern and professional force, actively participating in United Nations peacekeeping operations and regional maritime security initiatives. The Bangladesh Navy today is typically categorized as a green-water navy both domestically and internationally.
Android NDK
The Android Native Development Kit (NDK) provides a cross-compiling tool for compiling code written in C/C++ can be compiled to ARM, or x86 native code (or their 64-bit variants) for Android. The NDK uses the Clang compiler to compile C/C++. GCC was included until NDK r17, but removed in r18 in 2018.

Cross compiler
A cross compiler is a compiler capable of creating executable code for a platform other than the one on which the compiler is running.  For example, a compiler that runs on a PC but generates code that runs on Android devices is a cross compiler.

A cross compiler is useful to compile code for multiple platforms from one development host. Direct compilation on the target platform might be infeasible, for example on embedded systems with limited computing resources.

Cross compilers are distinct from source-to-source compilers. A cross compiler is for cross-platform software generation of machine code, while a source-to-source compiler translates from one coding language to another in text code. Both are programming tools.
Restorations (band)
Restorations is an American rock band, based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They formed after the dissolution of Jena Berlin, a post-hardcore band from Philly that featured guitarist/singer Jon Loudon on vocals, guitarist Dave Klyman, and drummer Jeff Meyers. Originally considered to be a "once-a-month/easy-band" with limited touring the band now tours regularly.

The band initially released a 7" with Evil Weevil records featuring the songs "Frankford" and "Of Trees" and then partnered with Paper + Plastick for their Strange Behavior EP release both digitally and on 10" vinyl. After that financial arrangement fell through the band moved on to release their first LP on Tiny Engines. Following this they partnered with SideOneDummy to release LP2 and LP3, both recorded by Jon Low, who has engineered and worked on records for the National, Twin Sister, and others at Miner Street Studio. The band's fourth album, LP5000, was released September 28, 2018 by Tiny Engines.

SideOneDummy Records
SideOneDummy Records is an independent record label based in Los Angeles. It was founded in 1995 by Bill Armstrong and Joe Sib. The label began as a way for them to release music for their friends' bands. Thereafter SideOneDummy launched the careers of bands like The Gaslight Anthem, AJJ, Flogging Molly, Gogol Bordello, Title Fight and others. Since 1998, SideOneDummy Records has also released the annual Warped Tour compilation album, which features music by bands playing on the current year's tour. Their YouTube channel, which features artists in their current roster, has 116,000 subscribers and 170,015,900 views (as of February 27, 2025).
David Parry (English cricketer)
David Parry (born 9 December 1956) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Cheshire. He was born in Middlewich, Cheshire.

Parry, who played two matches in the English Estates Trophy and a single match in the Minor Counties Championship, made a single List A appearance for the team, in the 1985 NatWest Trophy, against Yorkshire. Parry did not bat in the match, and took bowling figures of 0-32.

Cheshire County Cricket Club
Cheshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty national county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cheshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cheshire played List A matches occasionally until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se. The club does not have a base but plays matches around the county including at Chester Boughton Hall, Didsbury, Nantwich, New Brighton, Grappenhall, Tattenhall and at Moss Lane, Alderley Edge.
Primary schools in Three Rivers District
This page provides brief details of primary schools in the borough of Three Rivers in Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom.

All the state-funded primary schools in Three Rivers are co-educational.
There are four Roman Catholic schools and five Church of England schools in the area, all of which are voluntary aided schools except for Sarratt Church of England School, which is voluntary controlled.
The remaining schools are all non-faith community schools.
The Local Education Authority is Hertfordshire County Council.

There are still some linked pairs of infant schools and junior schools, with the infant school covering Reception and Key Stage 1 (Years 1 and 2) and the junior school covering Key Stage 2 (Years 3 to 6).
However most have been amalgamated in a single Junior Mixed Infant (JMI) school or (equivalently) primary school.

Hertfordshire County Council
Hertfordshire County Council is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Hertfordshire, in England. The council was created in 1889. It is responsible for a wide range of public services in the county, including social care, transport, education, and the Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service. The Liberal Democrats have held a plurality of the seats on the council since May 2025, and currently run the council as a minority administration. The council meets and has its main offices at Robertson House in Stevenage.
2006 Philippines Open
The 2006 Philippines Open (officially known as the Bingo Bonanza Philippines Open 2006  for sponsorship reasons) was badminton tournament which took place at the PhilSports Arena in Manila, Philippines, on from 24 to 28 May 2006 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Duanganong Aroonkesorn
Duanganong Aroonkesorn (Thai: ดวงอนงค์ อรุณเกษร; born 6 February 1984) is an internationally elite badminton player from Thailand. She competed at the 2006, 2010 and 2014 Asian Games. Aroonkesorn is a women's doubles specialist who is paired with Kunchala Voravichitchaikul. Her best results with Voravichitchaikul have come in 2010 including a Superseries tournament victory at the 2010 French Open.
Battle of Philadelphia
The Battle of Philadelphia (October 20, 1863) saw the Confederate cavalry brigades of Colonels J. J. Morrison and George Gibbs Dibrell attack a Union cavalry brigade under Colonel Frank Wolford at Philadelphia, Tennessee, during the Knoxville campaign of the American Civil War. While Dibrell's brigade skirmished with Wolford's cavalrymen, Morrison led his brigade around the west side of Philadelphia to attack the Union force from the rear. Wolford sent half his brigade to counter Morrison's envelopment, but Dibrell's soldiers suddenly attacked. The Confederates completely routed Wolford's troopers, capturing over 400. A Union infantry-cavalry force reoccupied Philadelphia the next day, but a week later it withdrew to the north bank of the Tennessee River, abandoning Loudon, Tennessee.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
Franz Volkmar Fritzsche
Franz Volkmar Fritzsche (26 January 1806 in Steinbach bei Borna – 17 March 1887) was a German classical philologist. He was the son of theologian Christian Friedrich Fritzsche (1776–1850).

He studied under philologist Gottfried Hermann (his future father-in-law) at the University of Leipzig, where in 1825 he received his habilitation. In 1828, he succeeded Immanuel Gottlieb Huschke (1761–1828) as professor of rhetoric and belles-lettres (teaching classes in classical literature) at the University of Rostock. At Rostock, he founded a philological seminar, and in 1836/37, he served as university rector.

University of Rostock
The University of Rostock (German: Universität Rostock) is a public university located in Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Founded in 1419, it is the third-oldest university in Germany. It is the oldest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area, and 8th oldest in Central Europe. It was the 5th university established in the Holy Roman Empire.

The university has been associated with three Nobel laureates: Albrecht Kossel, Karl von Frisch and Otto Stern. It is a member of the European University Association. According to a ranking published by Times Higher Education in 2018, it is the most beautiful university in Germany and the fourth most beautiful university in all of Europe. The language of instruction is usually German, and English for some postgraduate studies.
Timeline of Indian innovation
Timeline of Indian innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in the subcontinent historically referred to as India and the modern Indian state.

The entries in this timeline fall into the following categories: architecture, astronomy, cartography, metallurgy, logic, mathematics, metrology, mineralogy, automobile engineering, information technology, communications, space and polar technology.

This timeline examines scientific and medical discoveries, products and technologies introduced by various peoples of India. Inventions are regarded as technological firsts developed in India, and as such does not include foreign technologies which India acquired through contact.

Information technology in India
The information technology (I.T.) industry in India comprises information technology services and business process outsourcing. The share of the IT-BPM sector in the GDP of India is 7.4% in FY 2022. In FY24, India's IT-BPM industry is estimated to have generated $253.9 billion in revenue. The domestic revenue of the IT industry is estimated at $51 billion, and export revenue is estimated at $194 billion in FY 2023. The IT–BPM sector overall employs 5.4 million people as of March 2023. IT units registered with state-run Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) and Special Economic Zones have exported software worth Rs 11.59 lakh crore in 2021–22.
Pythium porphyrae
Pythium porphyrae, is a parasitic species of oomycete in the family Pythiaceae.  It is the cause of red rot disease or red wasting disease, also called akagusare (赤ぐされ) in Japanese.  The specific epithet porphyrae (πορφυρα) stems from the genus of one of its common hosts, Porphyra, and the purple-red color of the lesions on the thallus of the host.  However, many of its hosts have been moved from the genus Porphyra to Pyropia.

Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek  σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and  ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'; pl.: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
2015 Tour of Croatia
The 2015 Tour of Croatia was the first edition of the Tour of Croatia cycling stage race. It started on 22 April in Makarska and ended on 26 April in Zagreb, and consisted of five stages. It was part of the 2015 UCI Europe Tour, and was rated as a 2.1 event. The race was won by Maciej Paterski (CCC–Sprandi–Polkowice), who also won two stages, the points classification and the mountains classification. The second-placed rider was Primož Roglič (Adria Mobil), while Paterski's teammate Sylwester Szmyd was third. CCC–Sprandi–Polkowice also won the team competition.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
AOV Adult Movie Channel
AOV Adult Movie Channel, also known simply as AOVTV, is a Canadian-exempt English-language discretionary specialty channel. It is a premium television channel consisting of explicit feature pornographic films, scheduled by genre specifically for each viewing demographic. The service was founded by the physical video store chain Adults Only Video. AOV programs and operates the service, along with an equivalent video-on-demand service known as AOVTV On Demand.

Specialty channel
A specialty channel (also known in the United States as a cable channel or cable network) can be a commercial broadcasting or non-commercial television channel which consists of television programming focused on a single genre, subject or targeted television market at a specific demographic.