hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nahla valley
Nahla Valley (Arabic: سهل نهلا, Syriac: ܢܚܠܐ, romanized: naḥlā or Syriac: ܢܚܠܐ ܕܡܠܟ̈ܐ, romanized: naḥlā d-malkē, Kurdish: نه‌هلێ, romanized: Nehlê), meaning “valley of kings” in Syriac, is a geographic region located in the province of Dohuk in the Akre District, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The Sapna valley lies to the northwest and is separated by a mountain range, and the city of Akre is to the south, separated by another mountain range. It is bound by the Greater Zab River to the north and east, and the Khazir River to the west.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Demeljoch
The Demeljoch (1,924 m) is a mountain at the border between Bavaria, Germany, and Tyrol, Austria. The summit can be reached through a hiking trail starting near the easternmost point of the Sylvensteinsee.

Boundary marker on the Demeljoch, at the border between Austria and Germany. The "Ö" stands for "Österreich", i.e. Austria in German.

Same boundary marker on the other side. The "D" stands for "Deutschland", i.e. Germany in German.

Summit cross on the Demeljoch, with, in the background, the view towards the west.

Demeljoch (left) and Dürnbergjoch (right) from the north.

47°33′N 11°35′E﻿ / ﻿47.550°N 11.583°E﻿ / 47.550; 11.583

Boundary marker
A boundary marker, border marker, boundary stone, or border stone is a robust physical marker that identifies the start of a land boundary or the change in a boundary, especially a change in direction of a boundary. There are several other types of named border markers, known as boundary trees, pillars, monuments, obelisks, and corners. Border markers can also be markers through which a border line runs in a straight line to determine that border. They can also be the markers from which a border marker has been fixed.
1924 Prussian state election
State elections were held in the Free State of Prussia on 7 December 1924 to elect all 450 members of the Landtag of Prussia. The results left the seat count of the governing coalition of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Centre Party, and German Democratic Party almost flat, with most movement happening amongst the opposition. The German National People's Party made significant gains, nearly surpassing the SPD as the largest party. Most of the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) had merged back into the SPD in 1922, leaving behind only a small rump party that did not receive enough votes to return any members to the Landtag. The German People's Party lost a portion of the gains it had made in the previous election. The National Socialist Freedom Party, a disguised rebirth of the Nazi Party formed after it was banned following the Beer Hall Putsch, won 2.5% of the vote and 11 seats.

Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
The Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (German: Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, USPD) was a short-lived political party in Germany during the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. The organization was established in 1917 as the result of a split of anti-war members of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), from the left of the party as well as the centre and the right. The organization attempted to chart a course between electorally oriented reformism on the one hand and Bolshevik revolutionism on the other. After several splits and mergers, the last part of the organization was terminated in 1931 through merger with the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD).
Black powder substitute
A black powder substitute is a replacement for black powder (gunpowder), primarily used in muzzleloading firearms. Substitutes  may have slightly different properties from gunpowder such as: reduced sensitivity as an explosive, increased efficiency as a propellant powder, different density, and/or reduced ignition efficiency. This also means that substitutes are subject to different restrictions than gunpowder.

Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.
Piłsudski (surname)
Piłsudski (feminine: Piłsudska, plural: Piłsudscy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Piłsudski (1869–1935), Polish politician

Aleksandra Piłsudska (1882–1963), Polish socialist and independence activist

Bronisław Piłsudski (1866–1918) Polish ethnographer

Jadwiga Piłsudska (1920–2014), Polish pilot

Jan Piłsudski (1876–1950), Polish politician, lawyer

Józef Piłsudski (1867–1935), Polish politician, military leader, marshal and Chief of State

Maria Piłsudska (1865–1921), Polish socialist and independence activist

Wanda Piłsudska (1918–2001), Polish psychiatrist

Jan Piłsudski
Jan Piłsudski (15 January 1876 – 21 December 1950), was a Polish politician and younger brother of Marshal Józef Piłsudski.

Like his famous brother, Piłsudski was born in Zalavas (Polish: Zułów), Lithuania, in what was then the Russian Empire.

He served in the Sejm of the Republic of Central Lithuania, and after its annexation to Poland in 1922, in various positions in the Polish government. He was Minister of Finance of Poland from 1931 to 1932.

As a result of the defeat following the Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939, Piłsudski was forced to flee, but was arrested by the Soviet NKVD in Vilnius (Wilno). He was freed as a result of a prisoner exchange in 1941, and went to the United Kingdom where he died in exile in 1950 in Penley. He is buried in Wrexham, North East Wales, United Kingdom.
6th Queens
6th Queens was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1966 to 1993.

The district comprised the western half of the city of Charlottetown. Prior to 1966, the district was part of 5th Queens, and its creation marked the only redistribution of Prince Edward Island's provincial electoral districts to take place until the province adopted conventional single-member districts for the 1996 general election.

1996 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1996 Prince Edward Island general election was held on November 18, 1996. It was the first election in the province's history to not use multi-member constituencies, and instead elect a single member in each of 27 districts. (Previously, since 1873 the province had been divided into 15 or 16 districts, each electing two members.)

The governing Liberals of Premier Keith Milligan, who had been in power since Joe Ghiz first won government in 1986, lost to the resurgent Progressive Conservatives under their new leader, Pat Binns.

This was also the first election where a party other than the Liberals or Tories won a seat in the Legislature, with New Democratic Party leader Herb Dickieson winning a three-way race in a Prince County riding.

This election was the only one in PEI history where a party formed government without winning a majority of the vote until the 2015 election.
Dorcus Acen
Dorcus Acen, also known as Dorcas Acen, is a Ugandan politician and Alebtong District Women's Representative in the eleventh Parliament of Uganda. She stood as the Alebtong District Women's Representative in the tenth Parliament of Uganda as an independent politician.

In the 2021 election, Dorcus Acen was affiliated with the National Resistance Movement as the ruling political party. During her campaigning period, she donated two ambulances  to her home district to help with managing referral cases in the district and boost its rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic. She also donated posho and beans to vulnerable people in the district whose livelihood had been affected by the extended lockdown and other presidential measures, aimed at managing the COVID-19 outbreak countrywide. In the 2021, Ugandan general election, Acen was elected as the woman representative for Alebtong District. In the eleventh parliament, she serves on the Committee on Gender, Labour and Social Development.

Ugali
Ugali, also known as posho, nsima, papa, pap, mogobe, sadza, isitshwala, akume, amawe, ewokple, akple, and other names, is a type of corn meal made from maize or corn or mahindi flour in several African countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Botswana and South Africa, and in West Africa by the Ewes of Togo, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria and Ivory Coast. It is cooked in boiling water or milk until it reaches a stiff or firm dough-like consistency. In 2017, the dish was added to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, one of a few foods on the list.
Streetheart (band)
Streetheart is a Canadian rock band, from Regina, Saskatchewan, and later based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Their best known songs include "Here Comes the Night" (Them cover), "What Kind of Love is This", and their cover of the Rolling Stones' "Under My Thumb".

Them (band)
Them were a Northern Irish rock band formed in Belfast, in April 1964, most prominently known for their 1964 garage rock standard "Gloria" and launching Van Morrison's musical career. The original five-member band consisted of Morrison, Alan Henderson, Ronnie Milling, Billy Harrison, and Eric Wrixon.

Them scored two UK hits in 1965 with "Baby, Please Don't Go" (UK No. 10) and "Here Comes the Night" (UK No. 2; Ireland No. 2). The latter song and "Mystic Eyes" were top 40 hits in the US.

Morrison quit the band in 1966 and went on to a successful career as a solo artist. The group had considerable influence on other bands, such as the Doors.

The band's recording of "Gloria" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. It was ranked No. 69 in Dave Marsh's 1989 book, The Heart of Rock and Soul, The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever and "Mystic Eyes" was ranked No. 458. "Gloria" was listed at No. 208 in the 2004 Rolling Stone magazine's feature The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.
Thomas Koch (ice hockey)
Thomas Koch (born August 17, 1983) is an Austrian professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with EC KAC in the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL). He re-joined for his second tenure with Klagenfurt after captaining EC Red Bull Salzburg on April 16, 2011.

Koch played in the 2011 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Austria men's national ice hockey team.

2011 IIHF World Championship
The 2011 IIHF World Championship was the 75th IIHF World Championship, an annual international men's ice hockey tournament. It took place between 29 April and 15 May 2011 in Slovakia. The games were played in the Orange Arena in Bratislava, and the Steel Aréna in Košice. The Czech team was the defending champion.

This was the first time the independent Slovakia hosted the World Championships. However, this was the third time that Bratislava co-hosted the World Championships. The first two times were 1959 and 1992, each time with Prague, and while part of Czechoslovakia.

Finland won the gold medal after beating Sweden in the final 6–1. This was the second title for Finland, and the most lopsided final since the knockout playoff format was introduced in 1992.
St. Peter's Umbrella (1917 film)
St. Peter's Umbrella (Hungarian: Szent Péter esernyöje) is a 1917 Hungarian silent drama film directed by Alexander Korda and starring Károly Lajthay, Márton Rátkai and Victor Varconi. It was an adaptation of the 1895 novel St. Peter's Umbrella by Kálmán Mikszáth. Two adaptations were made later in 1935 and in 1958.

Cinema of Hungary
Hungary has had a cinema industry since the beginning of the 20th century including Hungarians  within and beyond the country's borders. Directors include István Szabó, Béla Tarr, and Miklós Jancsó. Producer William Fox and Adolph Zukor, the founders of Fox Studios and Paramount Pictures respectively, and Alexander Korda, who played a leading role in the early period of British cinema had Hungarian roots. Examples of successful Hungarian films include Merry-go-round, Mephisto, Werckmeister Harmonies and Kontroll.
Shuuka Fujii
Shuuka Fujii (藤井 萩花, Fujii Shūka; born 14 October 1994) is a former Japanese dancer, fashion model, actress, and singer. She performed as a member of the music groups E-girls, Flower, and ShuuKaRen, and was a former exclusive model for JJ and Love Berry.

Fujii announced her retirement from the music industry on December 31, 2017 due to her injuries caused by a cervical herniated disk worsening. Upon her retirement, she announced she would be studying fashion, art, and photography.

Love Berry
Love Berry (ラブベリー, Rabuberi) was a monthly fashion magazine published in Tokyo by Tokuma Shoten. The magazine targets girls from early- to mid-teens. The magazine was known for its models (called LoveBerrina). Love Berry is often abbreviated LB.
Sierra del Fraile
The Sierra del Fraile (Spanish for "Friar's range"), also known as "Cerro del Fraile", is a mountain and a protected area located in the García, Abasolo, Hidalgo, General Escobedo, El Carmen y Mina municipalities in the state of Nuevo León, México. The mountain is part of Sierra Madre Oriental; its summit elevation is 2,392 MASL, and its prominence is 1,592 meters (Line parent: Cerro de la Viga). It is an ultraprominent peak, with a topographic isolation of about 23.5 km (Nearest highest neighbor: Sierra de San Urbano).

Topographic isolation
The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum horizontal distance to a point of equal elevation, representing a radius of dominance in which the peak is the highest point.  It can be calculated for small hills and islands as well as for major mountain peaks and can even be calculated for submarine summits.  Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, has an undefined isolation, since there are no higher points to reference.

Because topographic isolation can be difficult to determine, a common approximation is the distance to a peak called the nearest higher neighbour (NHN).
Rhinella icterica
Rhinella icterica (common name: yellow cururu toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in northeastern Argentina (Misiones Province), southern Brazil, and eastern Paraguay. "Cururu" is its indigenous name and refers to the male advertisement call that is a melodious tremolo. "Cururu toad", without the specifier "yellow", is a common name used for a few other closely related species.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Paradisbakkerne
Paradisbakkerne ("hills of paradise"), also Helvedesbakkerne ("hills of hell"), is a group of hills in Denmark, located in the east of the island of Bornholm.  It is situated approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of Nexø.: 107  The privately owned area consists of hilly, rocky landscapes with narrow rift valleys lined by almost vertical cliffs, making it popular for nature walks. Typically, the hills rise to a height of 30–50 metres (98–164 ft) above the surroundings in a forested area which also has a number of small lakes and marshes. Midterpilt, 113 metres (371 ft) above sea level, is one of the highest points. Although much of the area is now wooded, it was once covered with heather and low shrubs, making it suitable for grazing. Paradisbakkerne has a long cultural history, attested by numerous place names with their own legends and stories. These include Slingestenen, Linkisten, Ligstenen, Dybedal, Ravnedal, Majdal, and Gamle Dam.: 108

Boreal owl
The boreal owl or Tengmalm's owl (Aegolius funereus) is a small owl in the "true owl" family Strigidae. It is known as the boreal owl or, more rarely, Richardson's owl after Sir John Richardson, in North America, and as Tengmalm's owl in Europe and Asia, after the Swedish naturalist Peter Gustaf Tengmalm.

Due to its nocturnal habits and preferred inaccessible taiga forest habitat, it is rarely seen by humans; when met with, it is however often extremely confiding, showing little or no fear of people, and only flying off if approached to within 3–5 metres.
Paul Leni
Paul Leni (born Paul Josef Levi, 8 July 1885 – 2 September 1929) was a German filmmaker and a key figure in German Expressionism, making Hintertreppe (1921) and Waxworks (1924) in Germany, and The Cat and the Canary (1927), The Chinese Parrot (1927), The Man Who Laughs (1928), and The Last Warning (1928) in the United States.

Joe May
Joe May (born Joseph Otto Mandl; 7 November 1880 – 29 April 1954) was an Austrian film director and film producer and one of the pioneers of German cinema. He later contributed to the American film industry mostly through "B-movies" after he fled from the Nazis in the 1930's.
Mascagni
Mascagni is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Donato Mascagni (1579–1636), Italian painter

Paolo Mascagni (1755–1815), Italian physician

Pietro Mascagni (1863–1945), Italian composer

Pietro Mascagni
Pietro Mascagni (7 December 1863 – 2 August 1945) was an Italian composer primarily known for his operas. His 1890 masterpiece Cavalleria rusticana caused one of the greatest sensations in opera history and single-handedly ushered in the Verismo movement in Italian dramatic music. While it was often held that Mascagni, like Ruggero Leoncavallo, was a "one-opera man" who could never repeat his first success, L'amico Fritz and Iris have remained in the repertoire in Europe (especially Italy) since their premieres.

Mascagni wrote fifteen operas, an operetta, several orchestral and vocal works, and also songs and piano music. He enjoyed immense success during his lifetime, both as a composer and conductor of his own and other people's music and created a variety of styles in his operas.
2009 Melon Music Awards
The 2009 Melon Music Awards were held on Wednesday, December 16, 2009, at the Olympic Hall, Olympic Park in Seoul, South Korea. Organized by Kakao M through its online music store Melon, it was the first offline installment of the event in the show's history, having previously been held online since 2005.

Park Shin-hye
Park Shin-hye (Korean: 박신혜, born February 18, 1990) is a South Korean actress. She first gained recognition as a child actress in the television series Stairway to Heaven (2003) and Tree of Heaven (2006). In 2013, she starred in the film Miracle in Cell No. 7 which became one of the highest-grossing Korean films of all time. She then came to mainstream and international fame for television dramas You're Beautiful (2009), The Heirs (2013), Pinocchio (2014–2015), and Doctors (2016). This was followed with leading roles in Memories of the Alhambra (2018–2019), Doctor Slump (2024), and The Judge from Hell (2024).

Park has been included in the Forbes Korea Power Celebrity 40 list in 2015, 2017, 2021 and 2022. In addition to her acting career, Park is known for her philanthropy through her own charitable initiative, Starlight Angel Project.
Artemis Intelligent Power
Artemis Intelligent Power (AIP) is an engineering and R&D company based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It primarily manufactures hydraulic machines and transmissions that are based on high-speed solenoid valves and digital control technology. The company is noted for developing its digital displacement technology.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
Berango
Berango is a town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the region known as "Greater Bilbao" in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, Spain covering an area of 8.9 km² and a population of 7,195 inhabitants according to the 2019 census. Population density is 17,481 inhabitants per square kilometre.

Biscay
Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, ˈbɪski/ BISK-ay, BISK-ee; Basque: Bizkaia [bis̻kai.a]; Spanish: Vizcaya [biθˈkaʝa]) is a province of the Basque Autonomous Community, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao.

Biscay is one of the most renowned and prosperous provinces of Spain, historically a major trading hub in the Atlantic Ocean since medieval times and, later on, one of the largest industrial and financial centers of the Iberian Peninsula. Since the extensive deindustrialization that took place throughout the 1970s, the economy has come to rely more on the services sector.
Grade II* listed buildings in Denbighshire
In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical, or cultural significance; Grade II* structures are those considered to be "particularly important buildings of more than special interest". Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once listed, strict limitations are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building's structure or fittings. In Wales, the authority for listing under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 rests with Cadw.

Town and Country Planning Act 1947
The Town and Country Planning Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 51) was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom passed by the Labour government led by Clement Attlee. It came into effect on 1 July 1948, and along with the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 53) was the foundation of modern town and country planning in the United Kingdom.

Today the main statutes in England and Wales are the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 and the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004, supported by the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) introduced in 2012. In Scotland the main statute is the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 and the Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006, supported by the National Policy Framework. In Northern Ireland it is the Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011.