hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anne Poor
Anne Poor (January 4, 1918 – January 12, 2002) was an American artist most known for her paintings and sketches created during World War II, while serving as an official art correspondent in the United States Army. However, Poor's complete oeuvre also consists of still lifes and landscapes created in a range of mediums, including oil, pastel, ink, pencil, and watercolor.

Air Transport Command
Air Transport Command (ATC) was a United States Air Force unit that was created during World War II as the strategic airlift component of the United States Army Air Forces.

It had two main missions, the first being the delivery of supplies and equipment between the United States and the overseas combat theaters;  the second was the ferrying of aircraft from the manufacturing plants in the United States to where they were needed for training or for operational use in combat. ATC also operated a worldwide air transportation system for military personnel.

Inactivated on 1 June 1948, Air Transport Command was the precursor to what became the Military Air Transport Service in 1948 and was redesignated Military Airlift Command (MAC) in 1966.  It was consolidated with MAC in 1982, providing a continuous history of long range airlift through 1992 when the mission was transferred to today's Air Mobility Command.
Duplicates: A Concerto
Duplicates: A Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra is a concerto for two pianos and orchestra by the American composer Mel Powell.  The work was commissioned in 1987 by the philanthropist Betty Freeman for the Los Angeles Philharmonic.  It was first performed at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion on January 26, 1990, by the pianists Alan Feinberg and Robert Taub and the Los Angeles Philharmonic under the conductor David Alan Miller.  The composition was awarded the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for Music.

Betty Freeman
Betty Freeman (2 June 1921 – 3 January 2009) was an American philanthropist and photographer. She had originally trained to be a concert pianist, practicing six to eight hours per day for twenty years, but eventually, by the mid-1960s, gave up this dream to pursue concert managing.
Temple of Apollo (Melite)
The Temple of Apollo (Maltese: Tempju t'Apollo) was a Roman temple in the city of Melite, in modern Mdina, Malta. It was dedicated to Apollo, the god of the sun and music. The temple was built in the 2nd century AD, and it overlooked a semi-circular theatre. The temple's ruins were discovered in the 18th century, and many architectural fragments were dispersed among private collections or reworked into new sculptures. Parts of the temple's crepidoma still exist, having been rediscovered in 2002.

Roman theatre (structure)
Roman theatres derive from and are part of the overall evolution of earlier Greek theatres. Much of the architectural influence on the Romans came from the Greeks, and theatre structural design was no different from other buildings. However, Roman theatres have specific differences, such as generally being built upon their own foundations instead of earthen works or a hillside and being completely enclosed on all sides.
Mokra Gora mine
The Mokra Gora mine is one of the largest nickel mines in Serbia. The mine is located near Mokra Gora village (within the Zlatibor District) on Zlatibor mountain. The mine has reserves amounting to 1 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.7% nickel metal.

Mokra Gora
Mokra Gora (Serbian Cyrillic: Мокра Гора, lit. 'Wet Mountain', pronounced [mɔ̝̂kraː ɡɔ̝̌ra]) is a village located in the city of Užice, southwestern Serbia. It is situated on the northern slopes of the Zlatibor Mountains. Emphasis on historical reconstruction has made it into a popular tourist center with unique attractions.

Mokra Gora has become popular after 2003 reconstruction of a narrow gauge railway called Šargan Eight which is unique in the world. Its route viewed from the sky, looks like the number eight.
Yong In University
Yong In University is a private university located in Samga-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Founded as a judo school, it expanded to the present-day comprehensive private university offering both undergraduate and graduate courses.

Cheoin District
Cheoin District (Korean: 처인구; RR: Cheoin-gu) is the largest gu in Yongin; it is located in the southeastern part of the city. It has four dong (neighborhoods), two eup (towns), and five myeon (townships).
LIG Nex1
LIG Nex1 Co., Ltd. (Korean: 엘아이지넥스원), formerly known as LG Innotek (엘지이노텍) is a South Korean aerospace manufacturer and arms manufacturer. It was established in 1976 as Goldstar Precision. LIG Nex1 was previously owned by LIG Holdings Company, which in turn was owned by the LIG Group. In 2013, a consortium led by South Korea private equity firm STIC Investments acquired 49 percent stake in LIG Nex1 for 420 billion Korean won.

It develops and produces a wide range of advanced precision electronic systems, including missiles, underwater weapon systems, radars, electronic warfare, avionics, tactical communication systems, fire control systems, naval combat systems, and electro-optics. It is one of the major suppliers of weapon systems for the Republic of Korea Armed Forces, as well as an international exporter of weapon systems.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Kanyakumari–Pune Express
The 16381 / 16382 Kanniyakumari-Pune Express or Jayanti Janata Express is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Kanyakumari and Pune Junction, Pune in India. It was the first and oldest train service from Mumbai to South India. Initially the service was from Victoria Terminus, Bombay (modern day Mumbai CST) to Cochin Harbour Terminus, later it was extended to Trivandrum, 81/82 Bombay-
Cochin Jayanti Janata Express has been extended up to Trivandrum with effect from 1-4-1978. Then to Nagercoil then to Kanyakumari.

From 2020 onwards, according to zero-based timetable, it runs only till Pune. The train made its first run to Pune on 31 March 2022, after services were halted during the pandemic. The train ran with the Linke Hoffman Busch (LHB) coaches instead of those built by the Integral Coach Factory.

It operates as train number 16382 from Kanyakumari to Pune Junction and as train number 16381 in the reverse direction.

Integral Coach Factory
Integral Coach Factory (ICF) is an Indian state-owned manufacturer of rolling stock, and electrical multiple units. Established in 1955, it is located in Perambur in Chennai and is the largest rail coach manufacturer in the world. It is owned and operated by the Indian Railways and is the oldest amongst the five rake production units of the Indian Railways. While the facility initially manufactured ICF coaches, it currently manufactures LHB coaches and electric multiple units including the semi-high speed Vande Bharat train-sets.
Ait Haddou Youssef
Ait Haddou Youssef is a town and rural commune in Chichaoua Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5557 people living in 786 households.

Marrakesh-Tensift-El Haouz
Marrakesh–Tensift–El Haouz (Arabic: مراكش تانسيفت الحوز) was formerly one of the 16 regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in central Morocco. It covered an area of 31,160 km² and had a population of  3,576,673  (2014 census). The capital is Marrakesh. In 2015, the region annexed Safi and Youssoufia Provinces (both formerly from the Doukkala-Abda Region) to become the Region of Marrakesh-Safi.
Falnama
The Persian word Falnama (Persian: فالنامه, romanized: falnameh, lit. 'omen/divination book') covers two forms of bibliomancy (fortune-telling using a book) used historically in Iran, Turkey, and India. Quranic Falnamas were sections at the end of Quran manuscripts used for fortune-telling based on a grid. In the 16th century, Falnama manuscripts were introduced that used a different system; individuals performed purification rituals, opened a random page in the book and interpreted their fortune in light of the painting and its accompanying text. Only a few illustrated Falnamas now survive; these were commissioned by rich patrons and are unusually large books for the time, with bold, finely executed paintings. These paintings illustrate historical and mythological figures as well as events and figures associated with the Abrahamic religions.

Abrahamic religions
The Abrahamic religions are a set of monotheistic religions that respect or admire the religious figure Abraham, namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, though the term also often encompasses several smaller faiths. The religions of this set share doctrinal, historical, and geographic overlap that contrasts them with Indian religions, Iranian religions, and East Asian religions. The term, introduced in the 20th century, replaced "Judeo-Christian" to include Islam as an Abrahamic religion and acknowledge differences between Judaism and Christianity. However, it has been criticized for oversimplifying cultural and doctrinal nuances.
2010 Renault Clio Cup United Kingdom
The 2010 Elf Renault Clio Cup United Kingdom with Michelin season began at Thruxton on 4 April and will finish after 20 races over 10 events at Brands Hatch on 10 October. Fifteen drivers from seven teams will take part throughout the season, mainly supporting rounds of the British Touring Car Championship but also supporting the UK round of the World Series by Renault.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Stof-Lap Chikapute
Stof-Lap Chikapute is the third studio album by Gazza, released in 2005. Gazza adopted a more South African style of kwaito for this album, which includes production by Bu², Becoming Phil, and David Taren. This is Gazza's first album without an appearance by The Dogg.It includes the big hits Kick It, Nobody, Komesho & Summer Song

The Dogg
Martin Morocky (born 31 March 1983), known by his stage name as The Dogg (or King TeeDee), is a Namibian musician. Considered a Kwaito artist, his debut album, Shimaliw' Osatana, was released in 2004 to mixed reviews. The Dogg was part of the group Omalaeti O'Swapo, which released one album in 2004. His music is enjoyed internationally, in countries such as South Africa, Botswana, Angola, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The Dogg has performed in France, England, and Canada. He has received awards and nominations from Channel O. He is one of the highest-awarded artists in his country, as well as one of the highest-selling. As of 2022, King Tee Dee has about 11 albums, where most of his songs are on livestream.

The money earned through live performances, licenses, royalties, and awards has contributed significantly to King Tee Dee's net worth.

The Dogg is the owner of the Mshasho Productions record label and the associated Mshasho Clothing.
Bond hardening
Bond hardening is a process of creating a new chemical bond by strong laser fields—an effect opposite to bond softening. However, it is not opposite in the sense that the bond becomes stronger, but in the sense that the molecule enters a state that is diametrically opposite to the bond-softened state. Such states require laser pulses of high intensity, in the range of 1013–1015 W/cm2, and they disappear once the pulse is gone.

Irradiance
In radiometry, irradiance is the radiant flux received by a surface per unit area.  The SI unit of irradiance is the watt per square metre (symbol W⋅m−2 or W/m2). The CGS unit erg per square centimetre per second (erg⋅cm−2⋅s−1) is often used in astronomy. Irradiance is often called intensity, but this term is avoided in radiometry where such usage leads to confusion with radiant intensity. In astrophysics, irradiance is called radiant flux.

Spectral irradiance is the irradiance of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength, depending on whether the spectrum is taken as a function of frequency or of wavelength. The two forms have different dimensions and units: spectral irradiance of a frequency spectrum is measured in watts per square metre per hertz (W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1), while spectral irradiance of a wavelength spectrum is measured in watts per square metre per metre (W⋅m−3), or more commonly watts per square metre per nanometre (W⋅m−2⋅nm−1).
Prince George, Duke of Cambridge
Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (George William Frederick Charles; 26 March 1819 – 17 March 1904) was a member of the British royal family, a grandson of King George III and cousin of Queen Victoria. The Duke was an army officer by profession and served as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces (military head of the British Army) from 1856 to 1895, and was raised to the rank of field marshal in 1862. He succeeded to the title of Duke of Cambridge in 1850 upon the death of his father Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge. Deeply devoted to the old Army, he worked with Queen Victoria to defeat or minimise every reform proposal, such as setting up a general staff. His Army's weaknesses were dramatically revealed by the poor organisation at the start of the Second Boer War.

Secretary of State for War
The Secretary of State for War, commonly called the War Secretary, was a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom. The position existed from 1794 to 1801 and again from 1854 to 1964. The Secretary of State for War headed the War Office and was assisted by an under-secretary, a parliamentary private secretary who was also a member of parliament (MP), and a military secretary, who was a general.
1967 Mount Marshall state by-election
The 1967 Mount Marshall state by-election was a by-election held on 2 September 1967 for the Western Australian Legislative Assembly seat of Mount Marshall in the northeastern agricultural part of the state.

The by-election was triggered by the death of Country Party member George Cornell on 30 June 1967.

The seat of Mount Marshall, first established in 1930, was considered to be a safe seat for the Country Party. At the time of the by-election, the seat included the towns of Bencubbin, Dowerin, Kellerberrin, Koorda, Mukinbudin, Trayning and Wyalkatchem, as well as many smaller towns and settlements in the region.

Trayning, Western Australia
Trayning is a town in the north-eastern Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 236 kilometres (147 mi) east of the state capital, Perth, on the Nungarin–Wyalkatchem Road. At the 2006 census, Trayning had a population of 122.
South African National Bowls Championships
The South African National Bowls Championships is organised by Bowls South Africa (BSA). The first National Singles Championships were held in 1897 in Kimberley despite the fact that the South African Bowls Association was not formed until 1904.

The Rinks was first held in 1906 at Kimberley. The winner received the Pyott Cup and runner-up the Dewar Shield (until 1927 when the Dewar Shield was renamed the Sir David Harris Cup). The event was not held during the Second World War and when it returned in 1948, it featured a squad of up to five players.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Erasmus University College
Erasmus University College (EUC) is a public liberal arts and sciences university college situated in Rotterdam, South Holland. It is the undergraduate honours college of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, offering its students a BSc degree in Liberal Arts & Sciences.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
SS Empire Aden
SS Empire Aden was a 7,308 ton steamship which was built in 1945 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT), she was sold in 1948 becoming Etivebank, and sold in 1956 and renamed Alcyone Fortune. In 1958, she was sold to Panama and renamed Northern Venture serving until running aground off Okinawa in 1967.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Piano Concerto No. 3 (Lindberg)
The Piano Concerto No. 3 is a composition for solo piano and orchestra by the Finnish composer Magnus Lindberg.

The work was jointly commissioned by China National Centre for The Performing Arts, San Francisco Symphony, Toronto Symphony Orchestra, Philharmonie de Paris - Orchestre de Paris, NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchester, and the New York Philharmonic.

Lindberg wrote the piece for pianist Yuja Wang after hearing her play piano concertos No. 1 and 2 by Dmitri Shostakovich together at a concert with the NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchester conducted by Alan Gilbert in September 2019.


Wang was originally scheduled to perform its world premiere in China,

but the COVID-19 pandemic postponed the premiere to 13 October 2022 at Davies Symphony Hall, where Wang was the soloist with the San Francisco Symphony conducted by Lindberg's friend, his Finnish compatriot Esa-Pekka Salonen.

Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall
Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall is the concert hall component of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center in San Francisco, California. The 2,743-seat hall was completed in 1980 at a cost of US$28 million to give the San Francisco Symphony a permanent home.

Previously, the symphony shared the neighboring War Memorial Opera House with the San Francisco Opera and San Francisco Ballet. The construction of Davies Hall allowed the symphony to expand to a full-time, year-round schedule.
Prophenoloxidase
Prophenoloxidase (proPO) is a modified form of the complement response found in some invertebrates, including insects, crabs and worms. It is a copper-containing metalloprotein.

A major innate defense system in invertebrates is the melanization of pathogens and damaged tissues. This important process is controlled by the enzyme phenoloxidase (PO). The conversion of prophenoloxidase to the active form of the enzyme can be brought about by minuscule amounts of molecules such as lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and beta-1,3-glucans from microorganisms.

However, it still has many arguments in the innate immune function, especially in model invertebrate animal. The proPO homologous-protein in mammal also does not have any immune activity. Thus, it might be difficult to conclude its function in immunity.

Glucan
A glucan is a polysaccharide derived from D-glucose, linked by glycosidic bonds. Glucans are noted in two forms: alpha glucans and beta glucans. Many beta-glucans are medically important. They represent a drug target for antifungal medications of the echinocandin class.

In the field of bacteriology, the term polyglucan is used to describe high molecular mass glucans. They are  structural polysaccharide consisting of a long linear chain of several hundred to many thousands D-glucose monomers. The point of attachment is O-glycosidic bonds, where a glycosidic oxygen links the glycoside to the reducing end sugar. Polyglucans naturally occur in the cell walls of bacteria. Bacteria produce this polysaccharide in a cluster near the bacteria's cells. Polyglucan's are a source of beta-glucans. Structurally, beta 1.3-glucans are complex glucose homopolymers binding together in a beta-1,3 configuration.
Criminal Law (India) Act 1828
The Criminal Law (India) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 74) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed criminal justice in India.

The act repealed for India acts repealed for England and Wales in the Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4 c. 27).

Larceny
Larceny is a crime involving the unlawful taking or theft of the personal property of another person or business. It was an offence under the common law of England and became an offence in jurisdictions which incorporated the common law of England into their own law (also statutory law), where in many cases it remains in force.

The crime of larceny has been abolished in England, Wales, Ireland, and Northern Ireland, broken up into the specific crimes of burglary, robbery, fraud, theft, and related crimes. However, larceny remains an offence in parts of the United States, Jersey, and in New South Wales, Australia, involving the taking (caption) and carrying away (asportation) of personal property without the owner's consent and without intending to return it.