hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halesi-Maratika Caves
The Halesi-Maratika Caves (also the Haleshi Mahadev temple) are located next to the village of Mahadevasthan, in the Khotang District of eastern Nepal, 3,100 ft. – 4,734 ft. above sea level. The cave and temple are about 185 km south west of Mount Everest. The temple is a venerated pilgrimage site for Hindus,  Buddhists and Kirat. The caves are called the Halesi Mahadev Temple by Hindus who associate them with Mahadeva, a form of Shiva; while they are known as the sacred place to Buddhists, who consider them to be the caves associated with the legend of Padmasambhava. The  Kirati Rai   of the region worship Halesi as an ancestral deity of the community. The Kirat mundhum, a rich oral tradition of the Kirats, manifests that their ancestor Raechhakule (Khokchilipa) also known as Hetchhakuppa used to stay inside the Halesi cave in the remote past. For that reason, the Kirat/Rais consider Halesi as their ancestral place.

Bhasmasura
In Hinduism, Bhasmasura (Sanskrit: भस्मासुर, Bhasmāsura) is an asura or demon, who was granted the power to burn up and immediately turn into ashes (bhasma) anyone whose head he touched with his hand. The asura was tricked by the Vishnu's only female avatar, the enchantress Mohini, to turn himself into ashes.
Wysoki Średnie
Wysoki Średnie [vɨˈsɔki ˈɕrɛdɲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bogoria, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Bogoria, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Staszów, and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Bogoria, Poland
Bogoria [bɔˈɡɔrja] is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Bogoria. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Staszów and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. Bogoria belongs to historic Lesser Poland.

It is notable for its 18th-century baroque church of Holy Trinity, which was built by the castellan of Sandomierz Michał Konarski, in 1748–1778, replacing a wooden church from 1620.
Gelding
A gelding (/ˈɡɛldɪŋ/) is a castrated male horse or other equine, such as a pony, donkey or a mule. The term is also used with certain other animals and livestock, such as domesticated camels. The equivalent terms for castrated male cattle are steer or bullock, and wether for sheep and goats.

Castration renders the male animal calmer, better-behaved, less sexually aggressive, and more responsive to training efforts. This makes the animal generally more suitable as an everyday working animal, or as a pet in the case of companion animals. The gerund and participle "gelding" and the infinitive "to geld" refer to the castration procedure itself.

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
Nizharadze
The House of Nizharadze (Georgian: ნიჟარაძე) is a Georgian noble family, known from the late 13th century. They had a status of tavadi (prince) in the western Georgian kingdom of Imereti and were confirmed in the rank of knyaz of the Russian Empire, in 1850 and 1862, after the Russian annexation of Imereti.

Tavadi
Tavadi (Georgian: თავადი, "prince", lit. "head/chief" [man], from Georgian: თავი tavi, "head", with the prefix of agent -di) was a feudal title in Georgia first applied in the Late Middle Ages usually translated in English as Prince (most commonly) and Duke (less commonly). The title was designated for dynastic princes who were heads of families, akin to mtavari who had a higher standing.
Blaž Arnič
Blaž Arnič (31 January 1901 – 1 February 1970) was a Slovenian symphonic composer.

Born in Luče,  Lower Styria, Austria-Hungary, Arnič grew up on an isolated farmstead near Mount Raduha in the Kamnik Alps.  He taught himself how to play the accordion, and at the age of nineteen moved to Ljubljana to study music.

Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark; Slovene: Vojvodina Štajerska; Latin: Ducatus Styriae) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
Photographic lighting
Photographic lighting refers to how a light source, artificial or natural, illuminates the scene or subject that is photographed; put simply, it is lighting in regards to photography. Photographers can manipulate the positioning and the quality of a light source to create visual effects, potentially changing aspects of the photograph such as clarity, tone and saturation to create an accurate rendition of the scene.

Lighting determines exposure and can be used to create effects such as low-key and high-key lighting, both of which involve the contrast between darker and lighter elements in a scene. Lighting is especially important for monochrome photography, where there is limited to no color information, and exclusively includes the interplay of highlights and shadows.

Monochrome
A monochrome or monochromatic image, object or palette is composed of one color (or values of one color). Images using only shades of grey are called grayscale (typically digital) or black-and-white (typically analog). In physics, monochromatic light refers to electromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.
Harold Nicholas
Harold Lloyd Nicholas (March 27, 1921 – July 3, 2000) was an American dancer specializing in tap. Nicholas was the younger half of the tap-dancing pair the Nicholas Brothers, known as two of the world's greatest dancers. His older brother was Fayard Nicholas. Nicholas was featured  in such musicals as An All-Colored Vaudeville Show (1935), Stormy Weather (1943), The Pirate (1948), and The Five Heartbeats (1991).

The Pirate (1948 film)
The Pirate is a 1948 American musical film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It stars Judy Garland and Gene Kelly with costars Walter Slezak, Gladys Cooper, Reginald Owen, The Nicholas Brothers, and George Zucco, with music by Cole Porter.
Poretskoye, Chuvash Republic
Poretskoye (Russian: Поре́цкое, Chuvash: Пăрачкав, Păraçkav) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Poretsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. Population:  5,825 (2010 Census); 6,482 (2002 Census); 6,602 (1989 Soviet census).

Chuvash language
Chuvash (UK: /ˈtʃuːvɑːʃ/ CHOO-vahsh, US: /tʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ chuu-VAHSH; Чӑваш чӗлхи, Чӑвашла, translit. Çăvaşla, IPA: [tɕəʋaʃˈla]) is a Turkic language spoken in Volga-Ural region of Russia, primarily in the Chuvash Republic and adjacent areas. It is the only surviving member of the Oghur branch of Turkic languages, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family.

The writing system for the Chuvash language is based on the Cyrillic script, employing all of the letters used in the Russian alphabet and adding four letters of its own: Ӑ, Ӗ, Ҫ and Ӳ.
Moustafa Reyadh
Moustafa Reyadh (Arabic: مصطفى رياض; born Ibrahim Mohammed Reyadh (إبراهيم محمد رياض); 5 April 1941 – 24 February 2026) was an Egyptian footballer who played as a forward for Tersana and the Egypt national team.

Palestine Cup of Nations
The Palestine Cup (Arabic: كأس فلسطين, romanized: Kaʾs Filasṭīn) was a football competition which was held between countries in the Arab world. The tournament de facto acted as the replacement for the Arab Cup during the long interruption between 1966 and 1982. It was held on three occasions in Arab countries in the 1970s. The first edition was held in 1972 in Iraq.
History of the Union Pacific Railroad
The history of the Union Pacific Railroad stretches from 1862 to the present. For operations of the current railroad, see Union Pacific Railroad; for the holding company that owns the current railroad, see Union Pacific Corporation.

There have been four railroads called Union Pacific: Union Pacific Rail Road, Union Pacific Railway, Union Pacific Railroad (Mark I), and Union Pacific Railroad (Mark II). This article covers the Union Pacific Rail Road (UPRR, 1862–1880), Union Pacific Railway (1880–1897), and Union Pacific Railroad (Mark I)(UP, 1897–1998).  For the history of the Union Pacific Railroad (Mark II), see Union Pacific and Southern Pacific Transportation Company.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Twenty-second government of Israel
The twenty-second government of Israel was formed by Yitzhak Shamir of Likud on 20 October 1986. Shamir replaced Shimon Peres of the Alignment as Prime Minister as part of a rotation deal within the national unity coalition between the two parties. The only other change to the coalition was that the one-seat Morasha faction was not included, with the National Religious Party, Agudat Yisrael, Shas, Shinui and Ometz remaining part of the government, although Shinui left on 26 May 1987.

The government held office until 22 December 1988, when the twenty-third government was formed, following the November 1988 elections.

Shinui
Shinui (Hebrew: שִׁינּוּי, lit. 'Change') was a Zionist, secular, and anti-clerical free market liberal party and political movement in Israel. The party twice became the third-largest in the Knesset, but both occasions were followed by a split and collapse; in 1977, the party won 15 seats as part of the Democratic Movement for Change, but the alliance split in 1978, and Shinui was reduced to two seats at the next elections. In 2003, the party won 15 seats alone, but lost them all three years later after most of its MKs left to form new parties. The party was a member of Liberal International until 2009.

Though it had been the standard-bearer of economic liberalism and secularism in Israel for 30 years, the formation of Kadima robbed Shinui of its natural constituency, and in January 2006 the party split into small factions, none of which managed to overcome the 2% threshold needed to enter the Knesset.
Michelle St. John
Michelle St. John is a Canadian actress, singer, producer and director who has been involved in creative projects in theatre, film, television and music since the 1980s. She is from the Wampanog Nation. Her directorial debut, Colonization Road, is a 2016 feature-length documentary that premiered at the imagineNATIVE Film and Media Arts Festival.

ImagineNATIVE Film and Media Arts Festival
The imagineNATIVE Film + Media Arts Festival is the world's largest Indigenous-focused film and media arts festival, held annually in Toronto. The festival focuses on the film, video, radio, and new media work of Indigenous, Aboriginal and First Peoples from around the world. The festival includes screenings, parties, panel discussions, and cultural events.

As an organization, imagineNATIVE supports the creation of new works through their commissioning program, and national outreach to and for Indigenous communities through various off-site programs throughout the year. imagineNATIVE also commissions industry reports on the status of Indigenous film production in Canada.

Held in October each year for most of its history, in February 2024 the festival announced that it would not be held that year, and will shift to June in 2025.
Spinoza's Ethics
Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (Latin: Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata) is a philosophical treatise written in Latin by Baruch Spinoza (Benedictus de Spinoza). It was written between 1661 and 1675 and was first published posthumously in 1677.

The Ethics is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply Euclid's method in philosophy, which was referred to as “more geometrico” which in Latin meant “in a geometrical manner”. Spinoza puts forward a small number of definitions and axioms from which he attempts to derive hundreds of propositions and corollaries, such as "when the Mind imagines its own lack of power, it is saddened by it", "a free man thinks of nothing less than of death", and "the human Mind cannot be absolutely destroyed with the Body, but something of it remains which is eternal."

Hale White
William Hale White (22 December 1831 – 14 March 1913), known by his pseudonym Mark Rutherford, was a British writer and civil servant. His obituary in The Times stated that the "employment of a pseudonym, and sometimes of two (for some of 'Mark Rutherford's' work was 'edited by his friend, Reuben Shapcott'), was sufficient to prove a retiring disposition, and Mr. Hale White was little before the world in person."
Phrenius
In Greek mythology, Phrenius (Ancient Greek: Φρένιος) was a name shared by two suitors of Penelope who came from Zacynthus along with other 42 wooers. Both of them were killed by Odysseus with the aid of Eumaeus, Philoetius, and Telemachus.

Odysseus
In Greek and Roman mythology, Odysseus (/əˈdɪsiəs/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ὀδυσσεύς, Ὀδυσεύς, romanized: Odysseús, Odyseús, IPA: [o.dy(s).sěu̯s]), also known by the Latin variant Ulysses (/juːˈlɪsiːz/, UK also /ˈjuːlɪsiːz/; Latin: Ulysses, Ulixes), is a legendary Greek king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem, the Odyssey. Odysseus also plays a key role in Homer's Iliad and other works in that same epic cycle.

As the son of Laërtes and Anticlea, husband of Penelope, and father of Telemachus, Acusilaus, and Telegonus, Odysseus is renowned for his intellectual brilliance, guile, and versatility (polytropos), and he is thus known by the epithet Odysseus the Cunning (Ancient Greek: μῆτις, romanized: mêtis, lit. 'cunning intelligence'). He is most famous for his nostos, or "homecoming", which took him ten eventful years after the decade-long Trojan War.
Whi2
Whi2 or Whiskey 2 is a 55 kDa globular, scaffold protein located to cell periphery in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which plays an essential role in regulating stress response pathways, apparently by passing input signals about nutrient availability on to stress responsive elements and autophagy/mitophagy mechanisms. It is encoded by a 1.46 kbp gene located on chromosome 15. Whi2p shares a conserved BTB structure domain to the family of human potassium channel tetramerization domain proteins (KCTDs). KCTD family members have been associated with several type of cancers and epilepsy disorders.

Globular protein
In biochemistry, globular proteins or spheroproteins are spherical ("globe-like") proteins and are one of the common protein types (the others being fibrous, disordered and membrane proteins). Globular proteins are somewhat water-soluble (forming colloids in water), unlike the fibrous or membrane proteins. There are multiple fold classes of globular proteins, since there are many different architectures that can fold into a roughly spherical shape.

The term globin can refer more specifically to proteins including the globin fold.
Luge at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Luge at the 1964 Winter Olympics consisted of three events at Olympic Sliding Centre Innsbruck.  The competition took place between 30 January and 4 February 1964.

This was the first appearance of Luge in the Winter Olympics. It was originally scheduled to be added in 1960, but as there was no venue built for it in Squaw Valley, the sport's debut came in 1964.

Olympic Sliding Centre Innsbruck
The Olympic Sliding Centre Innsbruck is a venue for bobsleigh, luge and skeleton located in Igls, Austria (southeast of Innsbruck). The most recent version of the track was completed in 1975 and is the first permanent, combination artificially refrigerated bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track, serving as a model for other tracks of its kind worldwide. It hosted the bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton competitions for the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics.
Glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
Glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.224, alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II glucuronyl-N-acetylglucosaminylproteoglycan alpha-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-proteoglycan  UDP + N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-proteoglycan

This enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of heparin and heparan sulfate.

Heparan sulfate
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a linear polysaccharide found in all animal tissues. It occurs in a proteoglycan (HSPG, i.e. Heparan Sulfate ProteoGlycan) in which two or three HS chains are attached in close proximity to cell surface or extracellular matrix proteins. In this form, HS binds to a variety of protein ligands, including Wnt, and regulates a wide range of biological activities, including developmental processes, angiogenesis, blood coagulation, abolishing detachment activity by GrB (Granzyme B), and tumour metastasis. HS has also been shown to serve as cellular receptor for a number of viruses, including the respiratory syncytial virus. One study suggests that cellular heparan sulfate has a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly when the virus attaches with ACE2. The basic repeat unit synthesised by the EXT1/EXT2 heterocomplex is (GlcAβ1,4GlcNAcα1,4)n.
1917 Grampians by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Grampians on 27 October 1917. This was triggered by the death of Nationalist MP and former Speaker Carty Salmon.

The by-election was won by Nationalist candidate Edmund Jowett, who was also endorsed by the Victorian Farmers' Union and who would defect to them before the 1919 election.

Division of Grampians
The Division of Grampians was an 
Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was named for the Grampian Ranges in central Victoria, and included the towns of Daylesford, Maryborough, St Arnaud and Stawell. It was a marginal seat.

The division was created in 1900 and was one of the original 75 divisions contested at the first federal election. In 1913, it gained areas from the abolished divisions of Mernda (Kyneton and Woodend) and Laanecoorie (Maryborough and Daylesford). It was abolished in 1922.
ShareFile
ShareFile is a secure content collaboration, file sharing and sync software that supports all the document-centric tasks and workflow needs of small and large businesses. The company also offers cloud-based or on-premises storage, virtual data rooms and client portals. ShareFile is owned by Progress Software Corporation.

On-premises software
On-premises software (abbreviated to on-prem, and often written as "on-premise") is installed and runs on computers on the premises of the person or organization using the software, rather than at a remote facility such as a server farm or cloud. On-premises software is sometimes referred to as "shrinkwrap" software, and off-premises software is commonly called "software as a service" ("SaaS") or "cloud computing".

The software consists of database and modules that are combined to particularly serve the unique needs of the large organizations regarding the automation of corporate-wide business system and its functions.
Wanakbori Thermal Power Station
Wanakbori Thermal Power Station is a coal-fired power station in Gujarat, India. It is located on the bank of Mahi River in Wanakbori in Mahisagar district.  There are eight units at this location, seven of each 210 MW and one of 800 MW capacity.

GSECL had recently entrusted BHEL with an order for setting up an 800 MW supercritical coal-based project at Wanakbori in Gujarat on EPC basis. BHEL has completed the construction activities and the 800 MW was declared as commercially operational on 12 October 2019 at 14:00.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is an Indian central public sector undertaking and the largest government-owned electrical/ industrial technology company. It is owned by the Government of India, with administrative control under the Ministry of Heavy Industries. Established in 1964, BHEL is based in New Delhi.
Henry Brewster Stanton
Henry Brewster Stanton (June 27, 1805 – January 14, 1887) was an American abolitionist, social reformer, attorney, journalist and politician. His writing was published in the New York Tribune, the New York Sun, and William Lloyd Garrison's Anti-Slavery Standard and The Liberator. He was elected to the New York State Senate in 1850 and 1851. His wife, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was a leading figure of the early women's rights movement.

Reformism (historical)
Reformism is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or also a political system closer to the community's ideal. A reform movement is distinguished from more radical social movements such as revolutionary movements which reject those old ideals, in that the ideas are often grounded in liberalism, although they may be rooted in socialist (specifically, social democratic) or religious concepts. Some rely on personal transformation; others rely on small collectives, such as Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel and the self-sustaining village economy, as a mode of social change. Reactionary movements, which can arise against any of these, attempt to put things back the way they were before any successes the new reform movement(s) enjoyed, or to prevent any such successes.
Raphael Chikukwa
Raphael Chikukwa (born 1970) is a Zimbabwean curator and the Executive Director of the National Gallery of Zimbabwe since 2020. Prior to this, he was Chief Curator at the same institution and before that he has worked for a decade as an independent curator. Chikukwa is a Chevening Scholar who holds an MA in Curating Contemporary Design from Kingston University London.

Chevening Scholarship
The Chevening Scholarship is an international scholarship, funded by the British Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and partner organizations, that enables foreign students to study at universities in the United Kingdom. Chevening Scholarship is highly competitive with an acceptance rate around two percent from tens of thousands of applicants from all over the world.