hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nag Nayak of Sinhagad
Nag Nayak (died 1328) was an Indian monarch who lived and reigned from the late 13th century to the early 14th century, achieving the title of Rana. He hailed from Sinhagad, an ancient mountain fortress previously known as Kondhana, located roughly 35km southwest of the city of Pune, India

Nag Nayak was worshipped as a symbol of strength and held power over the strategically important mountain fortress Sinhagad. It is said that he resisted an eight month attack from the Delhi Sultanate, which stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent. Under the orders of Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq of the Delhi sultanate, the attack raged until Nag Nayak's death in 1328, at which point Tughluq seized the fortress.

Rana (title)
Rana (IAST: Rāṇā, राणा) is a historical royal title from the Indian subcontinent, where it is today used as a hereditary name. "Rana" was formerly used as a title of martial sovereignty by Rajput kings in India. The term derives from the Sanskrit title "Rāṇaka".

Rani is the title for the wife of a rana or a female monarch. It also applies to the wife of a raja. Compound titles include rana sahib, ranaji, raj rana, rana bahadur, and maharana.
Markus Rinderspacher
Markus Rinderspacher (born 18 July 1969 in Kaiserslautern) is a German politician and television journalist and has been a member of the Bavarian State Parliament since 2008. From October 2009 to November 2018, he was SPD faction leader and thus opposition leader in the state parliament. Since November 2018, he has been the 5th Vice-President of the Bavarian State Parliament and his faction's spokesperson on European policy.

Broadcast journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
Harold Herbert Carr
Harold Herbert Carr (25 January 1880–8 March 1973) was a New Zealand  land court judge and administrator. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngati Kahungunu iwi. He was born in Wairoa, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand on 25 January 1880.

Hawke's Bay
Hawke's Bay (Māori: Te Matau-a-Māui) is a region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The region is named after Hawke Bay, which was named in honour of Edward Hawke. The region's main centres are the cities of Napier and Hastings, while the more rural parts of the region are served by the towns of Waipukurau, Waipawa, and Wairoa.
Ernst Georg Pritzel
Ernst Georg Pritzel (15 May 1875 – 6 April 1946) was a German botanist.

He is known for his research in the fields of phytogeography and taxonomy. He contributed works on Lycopodiaceae, Psilotaceae and Pittosporaceae to Engler & Prantl’s "Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien".

In 1900–02, with Ludwig Diels, he collected plants in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. They published the results of their expedition (a collection of 5700 species) in the Botanische Jahrbücher in 1904–05. Their findings included 235 new species. Pritzel issued and distributed the exsiccata-like specimen series Plantae Australiae occidentalis 1901–1902 editae.

The fungi genus Pritzeliella was named after him by Paul Christoph Hennings in 1903 and Melaleuca pritzelii (originally Melaleuca densa var. pritzelii) by Karel Domin in 1923.

Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw.
Ropcha
Ropcha (Ukrainian: Ропча; Romanian: Ropcea; German: Roptscha or Ropcze) is a village in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Storozhynets urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Ropcha belonged to Storozhynets Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Storozhynets Raion was merged into Chernivtsi Raion. In 2001, 94.46% of the inhabitants spoke Romanian as their native language, while 4.51% spoke Ukrainian.

Chernivtsi Raion
Chernivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Чернівецький район) is a raion (district) of Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Most of its territory is located in the historical region of Bukovina, while the southeastern parts are in Bessarabia, and the Hertsa region. The center of the raion is the city of Chernivtsi. Four abolished raions, Hertsa, Hlyboka, Storozhynets, and Zastavna Raions, part of abolished Kitsman and Novoselytsia Raions, as well as the city of Chernivtsi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Chernivtsi Raion. Population: 648,643 (2022 estimate).
Vernon Crompton Woodward
Vernon Crompton "Woody" Woodward DFC and Bar RAF (22 December 1916 – 26 May 2000) was a Canadian fighter pilot and flying ace with the Royal Air Force during World War II. With 18 and 4 shared destroyed, 2 unconfirmed destroyed, 3 probables, and 11 damaged, Woodward tied Henry Wallace McLeod as Canada's second highest scoring pilot of the war.

Fighter pilot
A fighter pilot or combat pilot is a military aviator trained to engage in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground combat and sometimes electronic warfare while in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft. Fighter pilots undergo specialized training in aerial warfare and dogfighting (close range aerial combat). A fighter pilot with at least five air-to-air kills becomes known as an ace.
Solomon Grove Smith–Hughes Building
The Solomon Grove Smith–Hughes Building is a historic community building on Solomon Grove Road in Twin Groves, Arkansas.  It is a single-story stone structure, built out of locally quarried stone and covered by a gable-on-hip roof.  It was built in 1938 with funding support form the Works Progress Administration, and first served as a school.  It was built by the African-American mason Silas Owens Sr. on land he sold to the city in 1937.  It now houses a library.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Twin Groves, Arkansas
Twin Groves is a town in northwestern Faulkner County, Arkansas, United States. The name of the town comes from two neighboring communities — Solomon Grove and Zion Grove — which joined to incorporate as a town in 1991. As of the 2020 census, Twin Groves had a population of 317. Twin Groves is part of the Central Arkansas region.
John E. Hayes
John Edward Hayes is an American Food Scientist who specializes in Sensory & Consumer Science and Eating Behavior. He is a full professor of food science at Pennsylvania State University and director of their Sensory Evaluation Center. He has received multiple international awards for his work, and is best known for his research on chemesthesis, genetic variation in taste, and COVID-19 anosmia. Hayes is among the top 500 (<1%) most cited Food Scientists in the world.

Supertaster
Supertasters are individuals whose sense of taste for certain flavors and foods, is far more sensitive than the average person. The term originated with experimental psychologist Linda Bartoshuk and is not the result of response bias or a scaling artifact but appears to have an anatomical or biological basis.

Over the past two decades, the study of many differences in oral sensation has grown to encompass the idea of supertasting. Originally identified as the heightened response to the suprathreshold bitterness of concentrated propylthiouracil (PROP), the contemporary view supports that supertasting encompasses an elevated response to all taste qualities.
Destiny (1942 film)
Destiny (German: Schicksal) is a 1942 Austrian-German historical drama film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Heinrich George, Werner Hinz, and Christian Kayßler. The film was made by Wien-Film, a company set up by the Germans after they had annexed Austria in 1938. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Kurt Herlth and Werner Schlichting. The film was banned after the Second World War for its perceived Nazi content.

Géza von Bolváry
Géza von Bolváry (born Géza Gyula Mária Bolváry Zahn, German: Géza Maria von Bolváry-Zahn; 26 December 1897 – 10 August 1961) was a Hungarian actor, screenwriter, and film director, who worked principally in Germany and Austria.
Steve Marino (American football)
Steve Marino (born August 24, 1949) is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at Westfield State University in Westfield, Massachusetts, from 1990 to 2013, compiling a record of 119–115–1. In 2018, Marino was inducted into the Westfield State University athletics Hall of Fame.

Westfield, Massachusetts
Westfield is a city in Hampden County, in the Pioneer Valley of western Massachusetts, United States. Westfield was first settled by Europeans in 1660. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 40,834 at the 2020 census.
City Life (magazine)
City Life was a Manchester-based news, arts and listings magazine that was published between December 1983 and December 2005. It was a distinctive blend of radical politics and coverage of the increasingly exciting Manchester youth culture scene of the early 1980s, coinciding with the rise of Factory Records and The Haçienda.

Factory Records
Factory Records was a Manchester-based British independent record label founded in 1978 by Tony Wilson and Alan Erasmus.

The label featured several important acts on its roster, including Joy Division, New Order, A Certain Ratio, the Durutti Column, Happy Mondays, Northside, and (briefly) Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) and James. Factory also ran The Haçienda nightclub, in partnership with New Order.

Factory Records used a creative team (most notably record producer Martin Hannett and graphic designer Peter Saville) which gave the label and the artists recording for it a particular sound and image. The label employed a unique cataloguing system that gave a number not just to its musical releases, but also to various other related miscellany, including artwork, films, living beings, and even Wilson's own coffin.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm(-Lublin) was a Latin Catholic bishopric in southeastern Poland, from 1257 (until 1358 as Łuków) until its suppression in 1805, which was restored as Latin titular see in 2009.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Płock
The Diocese of Płock (Latin: Dioecesis Plocensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Płock in the ecclesiastical province of Warszawa in Poland.

Sunday mass attendance in 2013 was 30.7% of the population (39.1% Polish average) placing it to the group of less religious dioceses in the country.
Harmon Rowe
Harmon Beasley "Nook" Rowe (August 22, 1923 – January 26, 2002) was an American football player. Known primarily as a defensive back, he also played at offensive halfback, wingback, and fullback. He played professional football in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the New York Yankees (1947–1949) and in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Giants (1950–1952). He also played college football for Baylor (1941–1942) and San Francisco (1946) and also played for the 1944 and 1945 Fleet City teams while serving in the Navy during World War II.

Wingback (American football)
A wingback (WB) is an offensive backfield position in American football.

A wingback or flexback lines up off the line of scrimmage, generally a step behind, and outside of, a tight end. It is a versatile position, as the wingback may be called upon to block, take a handoff, or run downfield for a pass. An example of a formation that uses a wingback is the single-wing.

There are few contemporary college football or professional football teams that use the wingback position. Historically, Johnny Rodgers of Nebraska played as a wingback when he won the Heisman Trophy in 1972.
Antonio Beato
Antonio Beato (c. 1835–1906), also known as Antoine Beato, was an Italian-British photographer. He is noted for his genre works, portraits, views of the architecture and landscapes of Egypt and other locations in the Mediterranean region. He was the younger brother of photographer Felice Beato (1832–1909), with whom he sometimes worked. Antonio and his brother were part of a small group of commercial photographers who were the first to produce images of the Orient on a large scale.

Genre art
Genre art is the pictorial representation in any of various media of scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors, parties, inn scenes, work, and street scenes. Such representations (also called genre works, genre scenes, or genre views) may be realistic, imagined, or romanticized by the artist. Some variations of the term genre art specify the medium or type of visual work, as in genre painting, genre prints, genre photographs, and so on.

The following concentrates on painting, but genre motifs were also extremely popular in many forms of the decorative arts, especially from the Rococo of the early 18th century onwards. Single figures or small groups decorated a huge variety of objects such as porcelain, furniture, wallpaper, and textiles.
1979–80 Gold Cup
The 1979–80 Gold Cup was the 61st edition of the Gold Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Linfield, who defeated Ballymena United 2–1 in the final at Windsor Park to secure their 26th win.

Gold Cup (Northern Ireland)
The Gold Cup is a defunct cup competition which involved competitors from Ireland and, from 1921 onwards, just for Northern Ireland. It was initially run by the New Irish Football Association but later, and mainly, by the Irish Football Association.

The competition was first played in the 1911–12 season after seven of the eight participating clubs left the IFA (only Linfield remained) after a dispute over money and founded the New IFA. This new organisation introduced the cup as the "New Irish Cup". At the end of the season after many discussions, the dissident clubs returned to the IFA and the tournament was not held in 1912-13. However, it was revived by the IFA as the Gold Cup in 1913–14 season. In the seasons 1915–16 to 1918–19 season it was played in a league format. This involved a play-off between the two teams topping the table in the first of these seasons. The competition was last staged in 2000-01.
Vitali Taskinen
Vitali Taskinen (born July 27, 1986) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey goaltender.

Taskinen began his career with KalPa's academy where he played from 2001 to 2006, but despite being dressed in three games he was released without ever playing for their senior team. He then moved to the Czech Republic and played three games with HC Slavia Praha of the Czech Extraliga.

Taskinen is currently working as a goaltender coach for Jokerit's U20 academy.

HC Slavia Praha
HC Slavia Praha (eng: HC Slavia Prague) is a Czech professional ice hockey team located in Prague playing in the Czech 1st National Hockey League, the second-highest league in the country. Slavia played in the Czech Extraliga from 1994 until 2015, winning the national championship in 2003 and 2008. The club plays its home games at Zimní stadion Eden in Prague. From 2004 until 2015, it played at O2 Arena.

The team played in the 2008–09 season of the Champions Hockey League.

The team was relegated to the 1. Liga in the 2014–15 Czech Extraliga season.
84th Minnesota Legislature
The eighty-fourth Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 4, 2005. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate were elected during the General Election on November 5, 2002, while the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the General Election on November 2, 2004.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
Steven Gaines
Steven Gaines (born 1946) is an American author, journalist, and radio show host. His books include Philistines at the Hedgerow: Passion and Property in the Hamptons, The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of The Beatles, Heroes and Villains: The True Story of the Beach Boys, and Marjoe, the biography of evangelist Marjoe Gortner.

Gaines was a contributing editor at New York magazine and his journalism has appeared in Vanity Fair, The New York Observer, The New York Times, Los Angeles, Worth, and Connoisseur.

From 2003 to 2010 Gaines hosted a weekly, live roundtable radio interview show from the Hamptons called Sunday Brunch Live from the American Hotel in Sag Harbor that aired from Memorial Weekend to Labor Day on a local National Public Radio affiliate.

The New York Observer
The New York Observer was a weekly newspaper established in 1987. In 2016, it ceased print publication and became the online-only newspaper Observer. The media site focuses on culture, real estate, media, politics and the entertainment and publishing industries.
Arirang bond
An Arirang bond is a won-denominated bond issued by a foreign entity in South Korea. The name refers to "Arirang," a Korean folk song. The market for Arirang bonds is extremely small, constituting less than 0.2% of corporate bond issuance in South Korea. The Asian Development Bank was the first to issue Arirang bonds, with a 1995 issue of ₩80 billion worth of seven-year bonds.

South Korean won
The South Korean won, sometimes known as the Republic of Korea won (symbol: ₩; code: KRW; Korean: 대한민국 원), is the official currency of South Korea. The won is technically equal to 100 jeon, but the jeon is no longer used for everyday transactions and appears only in foreign exchange rates. The currency is issued by the Bank of Korea, based in the capital city of Seoul. The South Korean won was first issued in 1949, then was replaced by the South Korean hwan between 1953 and 1962, before the adoption of the current South Korean won in 1962.
Drygalski Basin
Drygalski Basinis an undersea basin named as such by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features (ACUF) in April 1980, in association with Drygalski Ice Tongue. The name was changed to "Von Drygalski" in November 1995, in agreement with the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names, but was changed back to Drygalski Basin by ACUF in June 2003.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Hunting strategy
Hunting strategy or hunting method is any specific techniques or tactics that are used to target, pursue, and hunt an animal. The term mostly applies to humans catching and killing wild animals, but can also be used in ethology and nature documentaries to describe predation strategies adopted by carnivores.

The hunting strategy that a hunter uses depends mainly on the type of terrain, as well as game being hunted. Climate, local hunting techniques, and local hunting laws are also taken in consideration. Some of the most common hunting methods that are used include: still hunting, stalking, driving, stand hunting, calling, baiting, hunting with dogs and falconry.

Carnivore
A carnivore /ˈkɑːrnɪvɔːr/, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or flesh and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose nutrition and energy requirements are met by consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) as food, whether through predation or scavenging.
Protea amplexicaulis
Protea amplexicaulis, the clasping-leaf sugarbush, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Protea. The plant is endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa and occurs from Citrusdal to the Kogelberg, as well as in the Langeberg. The shrub remains low and spreads out, becoming 1.3 m in diameter and flowering from June to September.

Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. The seeds are stored in a shell and spread by the wind. The plant is unisexual. Pollination takes place by the action of rats and mice. The plant grows sandstone soils at elevations of 180 to 1,600 m.

In Afrikaans it is known as ′aardroos-suikerbos′.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Ed Clark (artist)
Edward "Ed" Clark (May 6, 1926 – October 18, 2019) was an abstract expressionist painter known for his broad, powerful brushstrokes, radiant colors and large-scale canvases. An African American, his major contributions to modernist painting remained unrecognized until relatively late in his seven-decade career, during which he pioneered the use of shaped canvases and a commercially available push broom to create striking works of art.

Broom
A broom (/bruːm/), also known as a broomstick, is a cleaning tool, consisting of usually stiff fibers (often made of materials such as plastic, glued hair, or corn husks) attached to, and roughly parallel to, a cylindrical handle, the broomstick. It is thus a variety of brush with a long handle. It is commonly used in combination with a dustpan.

A distinction is made between a "hard broom" and a "soft broom" and a spectrum in between. Soft brooms are used in some cultures chiefly for sweeping walls of cobwebs and spiders, like a "feather duster", while hard brooms are for rougher tasks like sweeping dirt off sidewalks or concrete floors, or even smoothing and texturing wet concrete. The majority of brooms are somewhere in between, suitable for sweeping the floors of homes and businesses, soft enough to be flexible and to move even light dust, but stiff enough to achieve a firm sweeping action.

The broom is also a symbolic object associated with witchcraft and ceremonial magic.