hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aggression and Violent Behavior
Aggression and Violent Behavior is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the study of violent behavior. It was established in 1996 and is published by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Izabela Zych (Universidad de Córdoba).

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Rosvita Dransfeld
Rosvita Dransfeld, sometimes credited as Rosie Dransfeld, is a Canadian documentary filmmaker. She is most noted for her 2009 film Broke, which won the Donald Brittain Award for Best Social or Political Documentary at the 25th Gemini Awards in 2010.

Her other films have included Anti-Social Limited (2014), which was a Donald Brittain Award nominee at the 4th Canadian Screen Awards in 2016, and Her Last Project, which was broadcast as an episode of CBC Docs POV in October 2020.

In addition to her own work as a director, she is also frequently credited as a producer on the documentary films of Niobe Thompson.

4th Canadian Screen Awards
The 4th Canadian Screen Awards was held on March 13, 2016, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2015.

Nominations were announced on January 19, 2016. Throughout the week before the main ceremony, awards in many technical categories were presented in a series of galas.

During the ceremony, host Norm Macdonald suggested the award be called the Candy in honour of late Canadian actor John Candy, comparable to the Academy Awards long being known as Oscars. The nickname has still not been officially adopted by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television, although academy chair Martin Katz personally endorsed it in a follow-up interview with the Toronto Star.
Gabriel Kreuther
Gabriel Kreuther is a two-Michelin-star restaurant in Manhattan named after its chef and owner, Gabriel Kreuther. It specializes in modern Alsatian food with other French, German, and American influences.

American Automobile Association
American Automobile Association (AAA) is a federation of motor clubs throughout North America. AAA is a privately held not-for-profit national member association and service organization with over 60 million members in the United States and Canada. AAA provides services to its members, including roadside assistance and others. Its national headquarters are in Heathrow, Florida.
Siv Kladenets
Siv Kladenets is a village in the municipality of Ivaylovgrad, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria. It was known as "Gökçepınar" during Ottoman rule and was taken present name in 1934 (According to Bulgarian Wikipedia of Siv Kladenets)

Haskovo Province
41°50′N 25°55′E﻿ / ﻿41.833°N 25.917°E﻿ / 41.833; 25.917

Haskovo Province (Bulgarian: Област Хасково, romanized: Oblast Haskovo; former name Haskovo okrug) is a province in southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece and Turkey to the southeast, comprising parts of the Thracian valley along the river Maritsa. It is named after its administrative and industrial centre: the city of Haskovo. The province has a territory of 5,533.3 km2 (2,136.4 sq mi) that is divided into 11 municipalities with a total population, as of December 2009, of 256,408 inhabitants.
Arrondissement of Cahors
The arrondissement of Cahors is an arrondissement of France in the Lot department in the Occitanie région. It has 97 communes. Its population is 73,707 (2021), and its area is 1,860.9 km2 (718.5 sq mi).

Arrondissements of France
An arrondissement (English: /əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is the third level of administrative division in France generally corresponding to the territory overseen by a subprefect. As of 2023, the 101 French departments are divided into 333 arrondissements (including 13 overseas).

The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. When an arrondissement contains the prefecture (capital) of the department, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The term arrondissement can be roughly translated into English as district.

Some municipalities in Quebec are divided into arrondissements, reflecting the province’s historical link to New France.
Uppland Runic Inscription 993
Uppland Runic Inscription 993 or U 993 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runestone located in Brunnby, which is one kilometer west of Gunsta, Uppsala County, Sweden, which was part of the historical province of Uppland.

Runestone
A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic inscription, but the term can also be applied to inscriptions on boulders and on bedrock. The tradition of erecting runestones as a memorial to dead men began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, but the majority of the extant runestones date from the late Viking Age. While most of these are located in Scandinavia, particularly Sweden, there are also scattered runestones in locations that were visited by Norsemen. Runestones were usually brightly coloured when erected, though this is no longer evident as the colour has worn off.
Giżkowo
Giżkowo [ɡiʂˈkɔvɔ] (German: Gieskow) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Kamień Pomorski and 56 km (35 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛɲ pɔˈmɔrskʲi]; Kashubian: Kamiéń; German: Cammin or Kammin) is a spa town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which lies approximately 63 km (39 mi) to the north of the regional capital Szczecin. It is the second seat of the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień and the deanery of Kamień.

In 2015 the town had a population of 8,921 inhabitants.
Cavalcade of America
Cavalcade of America is an anthology drama series that was sponsored by the DuPont Company, although it occasionally presented musicals, such as an adaptation of Show Boat, and condensed biographies of popular composers. It was initially broadcast on radio from 1935 to 1953, and on television from 1952 to 1957. Originally on CBS Radio, the series pioneered the use of anthology drama for company audio advertising. The series moved to the NBC Red Network, NBC Blue network, and NBC Radio Network.

CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.
Al-Samawal al-Maghribi
Al-Samawʾal ibn Yaḥyā al-Maghribī (Arabic: السموأل بن يحيى المغربي, c. 1130 – c. 1180), commonly known as Samawʾal al-Maghribi, was a mathematician, astronomer and physician. Born to a Jewish family of Moroccan origin, he concealed his conversion to Islam for many years for fear of offending his father, then openly embraced Islam in 1163 after he had a dream telling him to do so. His father was a rabbi from Morocco named Yehuda ibn Abūn.

Conversion to Islam
Conversion to Islam, also known within Islam as reversion, is adopting Islam as a religion or faith. Conversion requires a formal statement of the shahādah, the credo of Islam, whereby the prospective convert must state that "there is none worthy of worship in truth except Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah". Proselytism of the faith is referred to as "dawah", and missionary efforts have been promoted since the dawn of the religion in the 7th century.
1930 New Year Honours
The 1930 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the United Kingdom and British Empire. They were announced on 31 December 1929.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Volunteer Officers' Decoration
The Volunteer Officers' Decoration, post-nominal letters VD, was instituted in 1892 as an award for long and meritorious service by officers of the United Kingdom's Volunteer Force. Award of the decoration was discontinued in the United Kingdom when it was superseded by the Territorial Decoration in 1908, but it continued to be awarded in some Crown Dependencies until 1930.

The grant of the decoration was extended in 1894 by the institution of a separate new decoration, the Volunteer Officers' Decoration for India and the Colonies, that could be awarded to commissioned officers of all Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and India.
Chodiala railway station
Chodiala railway station is a railway station in Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Its code is CDL. It serves Chodiala city. The station consists of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. The station is located 14 km from Roorkee and 21 km from Saharanpur.

Saharanpur district
Saharanpur district is the northernmost of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India. Bordering the states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and close to the foothills of Shivalik range, it lies in the northern part of the Doab region.

The district headquarters are in Saharanpur, which is also the headquarters of Saharanpur Division. Other principal towns are Sarsawa, Behat, Deoband, Gangoh and Rampur Maniharan.
Remestemcel
Remestemcel, sold under the brand name Ryoncil, is an allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy used for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease. Remestemcel contains mesenchymal stromal cells, which are a type of cell that can have various roles in the body and can differentiate into multiple other types of cells. These mesenchymal stromal cell are isolated from the bone marrow of healthy adult human donors.

The most common adverse reactions include viral infectious disorders, bacterial infectious disorders, infection – pathogen unspecified, pyrexia, hemorrhage, edema, abdominal pain, and hypertension.

Remestemcel was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2024. Remestemcel is the first mesenchymal stromal cell therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

Allotransplantation
Allotransplant (allo- meaning "other" in Greek) is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs to a recipient from a genetically non-identical donor of the same species. The transplant is called an allograft, allogeneic transplant, or homograft. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts.

It is contrasted with autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person), syngenic transplantation of isografts (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals) and xenotransplantation (from other species).

Allografts can be referred to as "homostatic" if they are biologically inert when transplanted, such as bone and cartilage.

An immune response against an allograft or xenograft is termed rejection. An allogenic bone marrow transplant can result in an immune attack on the recipient, called graft-versus-host disease.
Oxford Russian Dictionary
The Oxford Russian Dictionary is a Russian–English and English–Russian bilingual dictionary published by Oxford University Press. It is one of the largest such dictionaries by termbase. The dictionary had several editions over the years, edited by Boris Unbegaun, Paul Falla, Marcus Wheeler, Colin Howlett and Della Thompson. Abridged editions titled Oxford Essential Russian Dictionary and Compact Oxford Russian Dictionary have been published as well.

Boris Unbegaun
Boris Ottokar Unbegaun (Russian: Бори́с Ге́нрихович Унбега́ун, romanized: Boris Genrikhovich Unbegaun) (1898, Moscow – 1973) was a Russian-born German linguist and philologist, expert in Slavic studies: Slavic languages and literature. He worked in universities of France, Great Britain and the United States.

He was a Professor of Slavonic studies at Oxford University and he was succeeded by his student Anne Pennington.
Red Star OS
Red Star OS (Korean: 붉은별; MR: Pulgŭnbyŏl) is a North Korean Linux distribution, with development first starting in 1998 at the Korea Computer Center (KCC).

Prior to Red Star OS's release, computers in North Korea typically used modified versions of Microsoft Windows with North Korean language packs installed.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Miss Illinois' Outstanding Teen
For the state pageant affiliated with Miss Teen USA, see Miss Illinois Teen USA

The Miss Illinois' Teen competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the U.S. state of Illinois in the Miss America's Teen pageant.

Lillie Brown of Jacksonville was crowned Miss Illinois' Teen on June 28, 2025, at the Marion Cultural and Civic Center in Marion, Illinois. She competed for the title of Miss America's Teen 2026.

In January of 2023, the official name of the pageant was changed from Miss Illinois’ Outstanding Teen, to Miss Illinois’ Teen, in accordance with the national pageant.

Jacksonville, Illinois
Jacksonville is a city and the county seat of Morgan County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,616 at the 2020 census, down from 19,446 in 2010. It is home to Illinois College, Illinois School for the Deaf, and the Illinois School for the Visually Impaired, and was formerly home to MacMurray College. Jacksonville is the principal city of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Morgan and Scott counties.
Poor & Famous
Poor & Famous is an album by the American band the Beat Farmers, released in 1989. It was produced by Thom Panunzio and executive produced by Denny Bruce. Its release was delayed by months by Curb/MCA, which urged the band to write "hit" songs. The band supported the album with a North American tour.

The album is the band's first to include all original songs (with writing help from Steve Marshall on "Wait So Long" and "The Trouble with You"; David & Douglas Farange on "If I Can Hold"; Mojo Nixon on "King of Sleaze"; and frequent collaborator Paul Kamanski on "Time in Between").

Denny Bruce
Denny Bruce (born in 1944 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania) is an American record producer and artist manager. He produced over 60 albums, and managed and produced albums by John Fahey, The Fabulous Thunderbirds, Leo Kottke, John Hiatt and many others over his 50 year career in the music business.
Quelle drôle de gosse!
Quelle drôle de gosse! (aka: Mad Girl) is a 1935 French comedy drama film directed by Léo Joannon and written by Yves Mirande. The music score is by Jean Lenoir and Georges van Parys. It tells the story of a young secretary who falls in love with a wealthy young man, after unrequited love with her boss.

Jean Lenoir (composer)
Jean Lenoir pseudonym for Jean Bernard Daniel Neuburger (26 February 1891 – 19 January 1976) was a French songwriter, whose work included chansons and romantic light film songs.

Lenoir was born in Paris. His most famous song, for which he wrote both melody and lyrics, was Parlez-moi d'amour (1930). It was composed for the cabaret Chez les Borgia and was recorded by Lucienne Boyer. An instrumental version of the song is playing in the background, in the 1942 movie Casablanca, in the scene where Ilsa and Victor first enter Rick's Cafe. By 1970, it had already been performed by more than 167 artists, including: Duke Ellington, Ray Charles, Maurice Chevalier, Ray Conniff and Barbra Streisand.

Lenoir died in Suresnes, aged 84.
Ottensamer
Ottensamer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Ottensamer (born 1989), Austrian classical clarinetist

Daniel Ottensamer (born 1986), Austrian classical clarinetist, brother of Andreas

Ernst Ottensamer (1955–2017), Austrian classical clarinetist, father of Andreas and Daniel

Andreas Ottensamer
Andreas Ottensamer (born 4 April 1989) is an Austrian clarinettist and conductor. He was the principal clarinettist of the Berlin Philharmonic before he stepped down from his position on January 27, 2025. He announced his decision in order to focus on his career as a conductor.
1931 Detroit Tigers season
During the 1931 Detroit Tigers season, the team was one of eight in the American League of baseball in the United States. The team finished seventh in the American League with a record of 61–93, 47 games behind the Philadelphia Athletics.

1931 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1931 Philadelphia Athletics season involved the A's finishing first in the American League with a record of 107 wins and 45 losses. It was the team's third consecutive pennant-winning season and its third consecutive season with over 100 wins. However the A's lost the 1931 World Series to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games. The series loss prevented the Athletics from becoming the first major league baseball team to win three consecutive World Series; the New York Yankees would accomplish the feat seven years later. The Athletics, ironically, would go on to earn their own threepeat in 1974, some forty-three years after the failed 1931 attempt.

1931 was also the A's final World Series appearance in Philadelphia. Their next AL pennant would be in 1972, after they had moved to Oakland.
Government Bond Store, Maryborough
Government Bond Store is a heritage-listed bond store at Wharf Street, Maryborough, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Charles Tiffin and built from 1864 to 1883 by William Hope. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.

Bonded warehouse
A bonded warehouse, or bond, is a building or other secured area in which imported but dutiable goods may be stored, manipulated, or undergo manufacturing operations without payment of duty. They may then be again exported without payment of duty.  It may be managed by the state or by private enterprise.  In the latter case a customs bond must be posted with the government.  This system is widely used in developed countries throughout the world.
Joncherey
Joncherey (French pronunciation: [ʒɔ̃ʃʁɛ]; Frainc-Comtou: Djoncheré) is a commune in the Territoire de Belfort department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in northeastern France that is known for being the place where the Skirmish at Joncherey, the first battle on the Western Front happened.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
2023 Fayzabad mosque bombing
On 8 June 2023, a bombing took place during a mourning service at a mosque in Fayzabad, Badakhshan Province, northern Afghanistan. At least 19 people were killed in the blast, while 38 more were injured. The deputy governor of the province, Nisar Ahmad Ahmadi, who was killed that week in a car bombing, was being remembered during the memorial service. The attack happened close to the Nabawi Mosque in Fayzabad, the province's capital. The Islamic State – Khorasan Province claimed responsibility for the attack.

Provinces of Afghanistan
The provinces of Afghanistan (Pashto and Dari: ولايت wilāyat) are the primary administrative divisions of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. There are 34 provinces in Afghanistan. Each province encompasses a number of districts or usually over 1,000 villages.

Provincial governors played a critical role in the reconstruction of the Afghan state following the creation of the new government under Hamid Karzai. According to international security scholar Dipali Mukhopadhyay, many of the provincial governors of the western-backed government were former warlords who were incorporated into the political system.
Buskey
Buskey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James Buskey (1937–2024), American politician

Joe Buskey (1902–1949), American baseball player

Mike Buskey (born 1949), American baseball player

Tom Buskey (1947–1998), American baseball player

Mike Buskey
Michael Thomas Buskey (born January 13, 1949) is an American former professional baseball infielder, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1977. Buskey batted and threw right-handed. During his playing days, he stood 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m), weighing 160 pounds (73 kg).
Vallirana
Vallirana (Catalan pronunciation: [bəʎiˈɾanə]) is a municipality in the comarca of Baix Llobregat, Barcelona Province, Catalonia, Spain. It is located at the feet of Serra d'Ordal, not far from Barcelona city, close to the Llobregat river.

Llobregat
The Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [ʎuβɾəˈɣat]) is the second longest river in Catalonia, Spain, after the Ter. It flows into the Mediterranean south of the city of Barcelona. Its name could have originated in an ancient Latin word meaning 'dark', 'muddy' or 'slippery', or simply from its ancient name Rubricatus, literally 'red'.