hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yamabe invariant
In mathematics, in the field of differential geometry, the Yamabe invariant, also referred to as the sigma constant, is a real number invariant associated to a smooth manifold that is preserved under diffeomorphisms.  It was first written down independently by O. Kobayashi and R. Schoen and takes its name from H. Yamabe. Used by Vincent Moncrief and Arthur Fischer to study reduced Hamiltonian for Einstein's equations.

Hamiltonian mechanics
In physics, Hamiltonian mechanics is a reformulation of Lagrangian mechanics that emerged in 1833. Introduced by Sir William Rowan Hamilton, Hamiltonian mechanics replaces (generalized) velocities  used in Lagrangian mechanics with (generalized) momenta. Both theories provide interpretations of classical mechanics and describe the same physical phenomena.

Hamiltonian mechanics has a close relationship with geometry (notably, symplectic geometry and Poisson structures) and serves as a link between classical and quantum mechanics.
Oskar Schiele
Oskar Schiele (April 14, 1889 – July 1, 1950) was a German freestyle and backstroke swimmer who competed in the 1906 Intercalated Games and in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Halberstadt and died in Magdeburg.

In 1906, he won a silver medal as a member of the German 4x250 m relay team. He also finished seventh in the one mile freestyle competition. Six years later, at the 1912 Olympics, he was eliminated in the first round of the 400 metre freestyle event as well as of the 100 metre backstroke competition. He was also a member of the German relay team, which finished fourth in the 4x200 metre freestyle relay event.

Halberstadt
Halberstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈhalbɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center, which was largely destroyed by Allied bombings in the late stages of World War II after local Nazi leaders refused to surrender. The town was rebuilt in the following decades.

In World War I Halberstadt was the site of a German military airbase and aircraft-manufacturing facilities. In World War II Halberstadt was a regional production center for Junkers aircraft, which also housed an SS forced labor camp. Halberstadt now includes the area where the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp was situated.

Today the city has around 450 timber framed houses in its city centre and timber framed old villages like Langenstein.
St Katherine's Church, Teversal
St Katherine's Church is on Buttery Lane, Teversal, Nottinghamshire, England. It is an active Church of England parish church in the deanery of Newstead, the Archdeaconry of Newark, and the Southwell and Nottingham diocese.  Its benefice has three churches, St Andrew's Church, Skegby, All Saints' Church, Stanton Hill and St Katherine's itself.

The church was built in the 12th and 13th centuries and has an unrestored 17th and 18th century interior. The Molyneux pew is in the south aisle and has a roof supported by barley-sugar columns.

Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham
The Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham is a Church of England diocese in the Province of York, headed by the Bishop of Southwell and Nottingham. It covers all the English county of Nottinghamshire and a few parishes in South Yorkshire. It is bordered by the dioceses of Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Sheffield. The cathedral, Southwell Minster, is in the town of Southwell, 15 miles (24 km) north of Nottingham.
Masovian Voivodeship Sejmik
The Masovian Voivodeship Sejmik (Polish: Sejmik Województwa Mazowieckiego) is the regional legislature of the Voivodeship of Masovia in Poland. It is a unicameral parliamentary body consisting of fifty-one councillors, making it the largest provincial assembly in the republic. All councillors are chosen during regional elections for a five-year term. Incumbent chairperson of the assembly is Ludwik Rakowski of the Civic Coalition, elected at the first session on 7 May 2024.

The assembly elects the executive board that acts as the collective executive for the provincial government, headed by the voivodeship marshal. The current executive board of Masovia is a coalition government between the Civic Coalition and Polish People's Party under the leadership of Marshal Adam Struzik of the PSL.

The assembly convenes at the Palace of the Treasury Minister in Warsaw.

Voivodeship executive board
The voivodeship executive board (Polish: Zarząd województwa) is the regional executive body of a province in Poland. An executive board consists of five members elected by provincial assemblies and chaired by a marshal.
2000 Open de España Villa de Madrid – Doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but had to withdraw before the start of the tournament.

Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs won the title by defeating Gala León García and María Sánchez Lorenzo 6–1, 6–3 in the final. It was the 17th title for Raymond and the 23rd title for Stubbs, in their respective doubles careers. It was also the 3rd title for the pair in the season, after their wins in the Australian Open and Rome.

2000 Australian Open – Women's doubles
Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. Hingis partnered with Mary Pierce and finished the tournament as runners-up, while Kournikova teamed up with Barbara Schett and lost in semifinals to Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs.

Raymond and Stubbs won the title, defeating Hingis and Pierce 6–4, 5–7, 6–4 in the final. It was the 1st Grand Slam doubles title and 15th title overall for Raymond, and the 1st Grand Slam doubles title and 21st title overall for Stubbs, in their respective careers.
Petri Kuljuntausta
Petri Kuljuntausta is a Finnish composer, musician, sound artist and author of three books on electronic music and sound art. Since the 1990s he has belonged to a new generation of composers in Finland interested in experimental and electronic music.

Chris Mann (singer)
Christopher Michael Mann (born May 5, 1982) is an American singer and actor from Wichita, Kansas. He came in fourth on the second season of NBC's television singing competition The Voice in 2012. Mann came in first on Team Christina Aguilera and represented her in the final round. His album, Constellation, was released on May 6, 2016.
Democratic Party (Netherlands)
The Democratic Party (Dutch: Democratische Partij) was a left liberal political party in the Netherlands. It was founded in 1921 by Jan Ernst Heeres when the Liberal Union, of which he was president, failed to merge with the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB), and instead merged with the more conservative League of Free Liberals and Economic League.

At the party's first general election, the 1922 election, with Heeres leading the candidates list, it failed to attract enough votes for a seat in the House of Representatives. Its highest vote tally was at the 1925 election when it received 11,000 votes, which, at less than half a per cent of the total votes, was still insufficient to earn a seat. While members of the Democratic Party did manage to earn seats in the Provincial council and various city councils, it failed at the subsequent general elections in 1929. When Heeres died in 1932, the Democratic Party ceased to exist.

1925 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 1 July 1925. The General League of Roman Catholic Electoral Associations remained the largest party in the House of Representatives, winning 30 of the 100 seats.
2nd Political Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
The 2nd Political Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), officially the Political Committee of the 2nd Central Committee (2nd CC), was elected in the immediate aftermath of the 2nd WPK Congress on 30 March 1948 by the 2nd CC's 1st Plenary Session. The composition changed on the merger of the Workers' Party of North Korea and the Workers' Party of South Korea (WPSK) on 24 June 1953, and was again changed after a purge of WPSK-affiliated communists on 6 August 1953.

It sat until the 3rd Congress, which abolished the Political Committee and elected the 3rd Standing Committee in its place.

Workers' Party of North Korea
The Workers' Party of North Korea (Korean: 북조선로동당; Hancha: 北朝鮮勞動黨) was a communist party in North Korea from 1946 to 1949 and was a predecessor of the current Workers' Party of Korea. It was founded at a congress on 28–30 August 1946, by the merger of the northern branch of the Communist Party of Korea and the New People's Party of Korea. Kim Tu-bong, the leader of the New People's Party, was elected chairman of the party, while Chu Yong-ha and Kim Il Sung were elected as vice chairmen. At the time of establishment, the party is believed to have had about 366,000 members organized in around 12,000 party cells.
Arthur Rochfort
Arthur Rochfort (7 November 1711 – 22 April 1774) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Rochfort was the son of Rt. Hon. George Rochfort (son of Robert Rochfort, Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer), and Lady Elizabeth Moore, daughter of Henry Hamilton-Moore, 3rd Earl of Drogheda. Between 1738 and 1760 he was a Member of Parliament for County Westmeath in the Irish House of Commons.

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Religion in the Song dynasty
Religion in the Song dynasty (960–1279) was primarily composed of three institutional religions: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, in addition to Chinese folk religion. The Song period saw the rise of Zhengyi Taoism as a state sponsored religion and a Confucian response to Taoism and Buddhism in the form of Neo-Confucianism. While Neo-Confucianism was initially treated as a heterodox teaching and proscribed, it later became the mainstream elite philosophy and the state orthodoxy in 1241.

Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi ([wǎŋ ánʂɨ̌]; Chinese: 王安石; December 8, 1021 – May 21, 1086), courtesy name Jiefu (Chinese: 介甫), was a Chinese economist, philosopher, poet, and politician during the Song dynasty. He served as chancellor and attempted major and controversial socioeconomic reforms known as the New Policies. These reforms constituted the core concepts of the Song-dynasty Reformists, in contrast to their rivals, the Conservatives, led by the Chancellor Sima Guang.

Wang Anshi's ideas are usually analyzed in terms of the influence the Rites of Zhou or Legalism had on him. His economic reforms included increased currency circulation, breaking up of private monopolies, and early forms of government regulation and social welfare. His military reforms expanded the use of local militias, and his government reforms expanded the education system and attempted to suppress nepotism in government. Although successful for a while, he eventually fell out of favor with the emperor.
Jones Family Historic District
Jones Family Historic District is a national historic district located at Islandia, Florida in the Biscayne National Park. It includes the homesite and the agricultural structures on Porgy Key and Totten Key.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Islandia, Florida
Islandia is an unincorporated community and former city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It is located in the upper Florida Keys on the islands of Elliott Key and other nearby keys, such as Totten Key. It was the only municipality in the Florida Keys not located in neighboring Monroe County. The population was 18 at the 2010 Census. Most residents of the city were National Park Service employees.

In the 2010 Primary Election, the Miami-Dade County Commission was empowered via a charter amendment to abolish Islandia.  On December 6, 2011, Miami-Dade County Commissioners unanimously approved an ordinance to abolish the city, with final action to be taken after a public hearing. Following a public hearing, the ordinance abolishing Islandia received final approval on March 6, 2012, and took effect on March 16, 2012.
Max Planck Institute of Experimental Endocrinology
The Max Planck Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, located in Hannover, Germany, was one of 80 institutes in the Max Planck Society (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft). It was founded 1979 to supersede the Max Planck Institute of Cell Biology in Wilhelmshaven. Molecular developmental biology and neuroendocrinology were the two research areas of the institute. The institute was closed 2006 and parts of its research activities were moved to the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen.

52°23′14″N 9°48′5″E﻿ / ﻿52.38722°N 9.80139°E﻿ / 52.38722; 9.80139

Wilhelmshaven
Wilhelmshaven (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪlhɛlmsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Wilhelm's Harbour'; Northern Low Saxon: Willemshaven) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of the Jade Bight, a bay of the North Sea, and has a population of 76,089. Wilhelmshaven is the centre of the "Jade Buse" business region (which has around 330,000 inhabitants) and is Germany's main military port.

The adjacent Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park (part of the Wattenmeer UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site) provides the basis for the major tourism industry in the region.
Yukiko Osada
Yukiko Osada (長田 友喜子, Osada Yukiko; born May 14, 1981 in Yamanashi) is a retired Japanese swimmer, who specialized in butterfly events. Osada won two bronze medals in the 200 m butterfly and the medley relay at the 2003 Summer Universiade in Daegu, South Korea.

Osada qualified for the women's 200 m butterfly at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by attaining an A-standard entry time of 2:09.97 from the national championships. In the morning's preliminary heats, she recorded the eighth fastest qualifying time of 2:11.20 to secure her spot in the semifinal run. On the evening session, Osada failed to qualify for the final run, as she placed thirteenth overall in the semifinals, with a fourth slowest time of 2:11.35.

Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre butterfly
The women's 200 metre butterfly event at the 2004 Olympic Games was contested at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece on August 17 and 18.

Polish swimmer and world record holder Otylia Jędrzejczak added gold to her two silver medals by a storming victory in this event, and by becoming the nation's first ever swimming champion, in an outstanding time of 2:06.05. Three-time Olympian Petria Thomas of Australia managed to repeat her silver from Atlanta, lowering her time to 2:06.36. Japan's Yuko Nakanishi, on the other hand, took home the bronze at 2:08.04.
Grybaulia
Grybaulia is a small village in Dzūkija National Park in Lithuania. The village is best known for its extensive fish ponds, which, surrounded by boreal forests provide breeding, feeding and wintering habitats for a number of bird species.

Grybaulia village is located c. 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Druskininkai, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from Marcinkonys, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Musteika (the nearest settlement), 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the Belarusian border.

Druskininkai
Druskininkai (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ˈdrʊsʲkʲɪnʲɪŋkɐɪ]; also see other names) is a spa city on the Nemunas River in southern Lithuania, close to the borders of Belarus and Poland. The city of Druskininkai is known for being a spa resort since the 19th century.
Manimukunda Sen Park
Manimukunda Sen Park(Nepali: माणिमुकुन्द उद्यान), locally known as Phulbari(Nepali: फुलबारी), is a historic site and a major tourist attraction in Rupandehi district of Nepal. The park houses a ruin of palace of king Manimukunda Sen of medieval Palpa Kingdom. The park is located in western side of Butwal city. About 800,000 tourists visit this park anuualy out of which more than 100,000 are Indian tourists. The park is spread over an area of 16 bigahs of land.

Mukunda Sen
Mukunda Sen (Sometimes known as Mani Mukunda Sen  Even Makanda ) was the King of Palpa from 1518 A.D. to 1553 A.D. ( B.S. 1575 to B.S. 1610).

In 1524, he invaded Kathmandu Valley. After his death in 1553, his kingdom was divided into various kingdoms.
Kassam Pass
The Kassam Pass is a road pass on the Highlands Highway in Papua New Guinea. The pass connects the Markham Valley to the fertile Highlands region and is administratively located in the Eastern Highlands Province. It begins at the end of the Markham Valley and rises from a low altitude to around 1,500 m (4,921 ft) over approximately 10 km and finishes at the Yonki Dam.

The pass was originally constructed in the early 1950s by the Australian administration through the Department of District Services and Native Affairs under the guidance of engineer Rupert Roelof Haviland and Administrator Don Cleland. It was repaired and upgraded from 2017/18.

Yonki Dam
Yonki Dam is an earth-fill embankment dam over the Ramu River that supports the Ramu 1 hydroelectric power plant and the (under construction) Yonki Toe of Dam power plant.

Yonki Dam is located in the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea.

The Highlands Highway passes over the Yonki Dam embankment. The adjacent Yonki villages support the operation of the dam and power station.
Vapeur Val-de-Travers
Vapeur Val-de-Travers is a heritage railway and railway museum based in Saint-Sulpice (Neuchâtel). The company operates historic steam trains in the Val-de-Travers, on the disused Saint-Sulpice - Fleurier line, but also on the regional line to Neuchâtel via Travers. It also collaborates with the main navigation compagny of Lake Neuchâtel and offers paddle steamer rides.

The railway notably serves the railway station of the former La Presta Asphalt Mine, now a museum.

Travers, Switzerland
Travers was a municipality in the district of Val-de-Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Boveresse, Buttes, Couvet, Fleurier, Les Bayards, Môtiers, Noiraigue, Saint-Sulpice and Travers merged to form Val-de-Travers.
Zarza
Zarza can be:

Zarza la Mayor, municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain

Zarza de Tajo, municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain

Zarza de Montánchez, municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain

Zarza de Granadilla, municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura

Zarza-Capilla, Spanish municipality in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura

Anselmo Zarza Bernal, Roman Catholic Bishop in Mexico

Rafael Zarza Gonzalez, Cuban artist specializing in painting, engraving and graphic design

Samuel ibn Seneh Zarza, Spanish philosopher who lived at Valencia in the second half of the 14th century

Zarza de Granadilla
Zarza de Granadilla is a Spanish municipality in Cáceres Province, Extremadura. Zarza de Granadilla has a population of 1873.

It is situated at the north of the province of Cáceres, between the valley of the river Ambroz and Alagon. It borders the Extremaduran municipalities of Abadía, La Granja and Casas del Monte to the east; Jarilla, Villar de Plasencia and Guijo de Granadilla to the south; Mohedas de Granadilla, La Pesga and Caminomorisco to the west as well as the Castilian-Leonese municipalities of Sotoserrano and Lagunilla to the north. It has a total area of 134 km2.
Caroline Flanagan
Caroline Flanagan (born 1960) is a Scottish lawyer who served as president of the Law Society of Scotland from 2005 to 2006, the first woman to hold the post. She was also the youngest  person to hold the position.

Law Society of Scotland
The Law Society of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Comann Lagh na h-Alba) is the professional governing body for Scottish solicitors. Its goal is to promote excellence among solicitors through the support and regulation of its members. It is also committed to promoting the interests of the public in relation to the profession. The Society seeks to contribute to the shaping of the law for the benefit of both the public and the profession.

The Society was established by statute in 1949 and its rules are set out in the Solicitors (Scotland) Act 1980. All practising solicitors, currently around 13,000, are members. The Society is funded by its members and has an annual budget of almost £8 million.
Sunny von Bülow
Martha Sharp "Sunny" von Bülow (née Crawford; September 1, 1931 − December 6, 2008) was an American heiress and socialite. Her second husband, Claus von Bülow, was convicted in 1982 of attempting to murder her by insulin overdose, but the conviction was overturned on appeal. A second trial found him not guilty, after experts opined that there was no insulin injection and that her symptoms were attributable to overuse of prescription drugs. The story was dramatized in the book and film Reversal of Fortune. Sunny von Bülow lived almost 28 years in a persistent vegetative state, from December 1980 until her death in a New York City nursing home on December 6, 2008.

Brick Presbyterian Church (New York City)
The Brick Presbyterian Church is a large congregation at Park Avenue and 91st Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. A congregation of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), it is known for its Day School and music programs. It was founded as an offshoot of First Presbyterian Church. Its first building, in Lower Manhattan, opened in 1768. The Park Avenue location opened April 14, 1940.
Frieboeshvile
Frieboeshvile (lit. 'Friboe's Resting Place') is a Baroque-style country house in Kongens Lyngby north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located across the street from Sorgenfri Palace, where Lyngby Main Street meets Lyngby Kongevej. The house takes its name after Frederik Casper Conrad Frieboe who is buried in the grounds together with his wife and a few other family members. Its most notable former resident is Georg Ferdinand Duckwitz who played an important part in the Rescue of the Danish Jews during World War II.

The house now serves as a historic house museum showing how Copenhagen peers decorated their country homes in the late 18th century. It hosts a permanent and special exhibitions about local history as well as the local historic archives for Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality.

Kongens Lyngby
Kongens Lyngby ([ˈkʰʌŋŋ̍s ˈløŋˌpyˀ], Danish for "the King's Heather Town"; short form Lyngby) is the seat and commercial centre of Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Lyngby Hovedgade is a busy shopping street and the site of a branch of Magasin du Nord as well as Lyngby Storcenter. The district is also home to several major companies, including COWI A/S, Bang & Olufsen, ICEpower a/s and Microsoft. The Technical University of Denmark relocated to Lyngby from central Copenhagen in the 1970s. Lyngby station is located on the Hillerød radial of Copenhagen's S-train network.