hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outline of Dresden
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Dresden:

Dresden – capital and the most populated city in the German state of Saxony. With over 547,172 residents in 328.8 km2 (127.0 sq mi) it is also Germany's twelfth largest Großstadt. Dresden is one of the most visited cities in Germany.

Dresden Elbe Valley
The Dresden Elbe Valley is a cultural landscape and former World Heritage Site stretching along the Elbe river in Dresden, the state capital of Saxony, Germany. The valley, extending for some 20 kilometres (12 mi) and passing through the Dresden Basin, is one of two major cultural landscapes built up over the centuries along the Central European river Elbe, along with the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm downstream.

With respect to its scenic and architectural values, including the Dresden urban area as well as natural river banks and slopes, the Elbe Valley was entered on the World Heritage Site list of UNESCO in 2004. However, in July 2006 it was designated a World Heritage in Danger and finally delisted in June 2009, in the course of the construction of the Waldschlösschen Bridge river crossing.
Montrose Academy
Montrose Academy is a coeducational secondary school in Montrose Angus. The School now teaches people from ages 11–18.

It became a comprehensive school in the mid-fifties and was one of a pair of Scottish schools which formed a country-wide trial of comprehensive schooling in Scotland. It serves the surrounding local community with a roll of around 900 students and a staff of 79. Most pupils come from the associated primary schools of Borrowfield, Ferryden, Lochside, Rosemount, Southesk and St Margaret's. A number of pupils come from outside the catchment area.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Ewing Matheson
Ewing Matheson (1840 – 7 December 1917) was a British civil engineer, consulting engineer, managing director of the Farnley Iron Company, and author, known for his early works on factory management and cost accounting.

Cost accounting
Cost accounting is defined by the Institute of Management Accountants as

a systematic set of procedures for recording and reporting measurements of the cost of manufacturing goods and performing services in the aggregate and in detail. It includes methods for recognizing, allocating, aggregating and reporting such costs and comparing them with standard costs.

Often considered a subset or quantitative tool of managerial accounting, its end goal is to advise the management on how to optimize business practices and processes based on cost efficiency and capability. Cost accounting provides the detailed cost information that management needs to control current operations and plan for the future.

Cost accounting information is also commonly used in financial accounting, but its primary function is for use by managers to facilitate their decision-making.
Hurdle (surname)
Hurdle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clint Hurdle (born 1957), American baseball player, coach, and manager

Gus Hurdle (born 1973), English footballer

Lana Hurdle, American public official

Kevin Hurdle (born 1976), Bermudian cricketer

Clint Hurdle
Clinton Merrick Hurdle (born July 30, 1957) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and manager. Hurdle played for the Kansas City Royals, Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, and St. Louis Cardinals, and previously managed the  Rockies and the Pittsburgh Pirates.

Labeled a "phenom" by Sports Illustrated at age twenty, Hurdle played 515 games at the major league level. After retiring from playing baseball, Hurdle became a manager. His eight seasons with the Rockies included leading the 2007 club to the franchise's first National League (NL) pennant. On November 14, 2010, the Pirates hired him to be their manager. In 2013, Hurdle led them to their first winning season and playoff appearance since 1992. He was named the NL Manager of the Year that season.
Kathleen Doyle
Kathleen Mae Doyle (born June 11, 1998) is an American former professional basketball player and current coach. She previously played in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and presently serves as the assistant coach and recruiting coordinator for the DePaul University women's basketball team.

She played college basketball for the Iowa Hawkeyes. After a successful college career with Iowa, Doyle was drafted by the Indiana Fever with the 14th overall pick in the 2nd round of the 2020 WNBA draft. She subsequently played for the Fever in the COVID-shortened 2020 season.

Iowa Hawkeyes women's basketball
The Iowa Hawkeyes Women's basketball team represents the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. The team is a member of the Big Ten Conference as well as the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The team plays its regular season games at 15,400-seat Carver-Hawkeye Arena, along with men's basketball and wrestling teams.
Money market in India
The Money market in India is a component of financial markets in India for short-term funds with maturity ranging from overnight to one year including financial instruments that are deemed to be close substitutes of money. Similar to developed economies the Indian money market is diversified and has evolved through many stages, from the conventional platform of treasury bills and call money to commercial paper, certificates of deposit, repos, forward rate agreements and most recently interest rate swaps

The Indian money market consists of diverse sub-markets, each dealing in a particular type of short-term credit. The money market fulfills the borrowing and investment requirements of providers and users of short-term funds, and balances the demand for and supply of short-term funds by providing an equilibrium mechanism. It also serves as a focal point for the central bank's intervention in the market.

Financial instrument
A financial instrument is a monetary contract between parties. They can be created, traded, modified and settled. They can be cash (currency), evidence of an ownership, interest in an entity or a contractual right to receive or deliver in the form of currency (forex); debt (bonds, loans); equity (shares); or  derivatives (options, futures, forwards).

International Accounting Standards IAS 32 and 39 define a financial instrument as "any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity".

Financial instruments may be categorized by "asset class" depending on whether they are foreign exchange-based (reflecting foreign exchange instruments and transactions), equity-based (reflecting ownership of the issuing entity) or debt-based (reflecting a loan the investor has made to the issuing entity). If the instrument is debt it can be further categorized into short-term (less than one year) or long-term.
Tamás Freund
Tamás Freund (born June 14, 1959 in Zirc) is a Hungarian neurobiologist. He is president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and won the 2011 Brain Prize for research into on the functional organization of neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex. He also won the Széchenyi Prize.

Freund attended Eötvös Loránd University, where he received a diploma in biology in 1983 and a Doctor of Philosophy in neuroscience in 1992. He later received his Doctor of Science from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Freund was also president of the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies from 2004 to 2006. As of 2011, he was director of the Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, as well as the Head of the Department of Neurosciences at Pázmány Péter Catholic University. In 2014, he became the president of the National Brain Research Program. He was re-elected as the president of the Hungarian Academy of Science in 2023.

Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (IEM)  (Czech: Ústav experimentální medicíny Akademie věd České republiky) is focused on biomedical research, incl. cell biology,  neuropathology, teratology, cancer research, molecular embryology, stem cells and nervous tissue regeneration as such leading institution in the research in the CR it was selected as an EU Center of Excellence (MEDIPRA). IEM is member of Network of European Neuroscience Institutes (ENI-NET).
Seattle Public Utilities
Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) is a public utility agency of the city of Seattle, Washington, which provides water, sewer, drainage and garbage services for 1.3 million people in King County, Washington. The agency was established in 1997, consolidating the city's Water Department with other city functions.

Sanitary sewer
A sanitary sewer is an underground pipe or tunnel system for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings (but not stormwater) to a sewage treatment plant or disposal.

Sanitary sewers are a type of gravity sewer and are part of an overall system called a "sewage system" or sewerage. Sanitary sewers serving industrial areas may also carry industrial wastewater. In municipalities served by sanitary sewers, separate storm drains may convey surface runoff directly to surface waters. An advantage of sanitary sewer systems is that they avoid combined sewer overflows. Sanitary sewers are typically much smaller in diameter than combined sewers which also transport urban runoff. Backups of raw sewage can occur if excessive stormwater inflow or groundwater infiltration occurs due to leaking joints, defective pipes etc. in aging infrastructure.
Blenheim (1834 ship)
Blenheim was built in 1834 at Jarrow, England. She made three voyages transporting convicts to Australia. She also carried emigrants to New Zealand. She otherwise carried ordinary valuable cargo and in one of such voyages came across what has since been named Blenheim Reef, in the Indian Ocean. She disappeared without a trace, presumed foundered, after August 1846.

Convict
A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts, especially those recently released from prison, is "ex-con" ("ex-convict"). Persons convicted and sentenced to non-custodial sentences tend not to be described as "convicts".

The label of "ex-convict" usually has lifelong implications, such as social stigma or reduced opportunities for employment. The federal government of Australia, for instance, will not, in general, employ an ex-convict, while some state and territory governments may limit the time for or before which a former convict may be employed.
Birds Green
Birds Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Abbess, Beauchamp and Berners Roding and the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. The hamlet is within The Rodings group of civil parishes, and is 9 miles (14 km) west from the county town of Chelmsford. The village of Beauchamp Roding is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north, and Fyfield 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the south.

The River Roding flows through Birds Green, and feeds three lakes for angling at the northeast of the hamlet.

The Rodings
The Rodings /ˈroʊdɪŋz/ are a group of eight villages in the upper part of the River Roding and the west of Essex, England, the largest group in the country to bear a common name. The Rodings do not lie within a single district in the county; they are arranged around the tripoint of the administrative areas of Chelmsford, Uttlesford and Epping Forest. An alternative arcane name, linked to the Middle English Essex dialect, was The Roothings.
Adaklı, Yüksekova
Adaklı (Kurdish: Alekanan) is a village in the Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Doski, Oramar and Pinyanişî tribes and had a population of 1,075 in 2023. The village was previously Assyrian.

Hakkâri Province
Hakkâri Province (pronounced [hacːaːɾi], Turkish: Hakkâri ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Colemêrg), is a province in the southeast of Turkey. It borders Van Province to the north, and Şırnak Province to the west. The administrative centre is the city of Hakkâri. Its area is 7,095 km2, and its population is 287,625 (2023). The current Governor is Ali Çelik. The province encompasses 8 municipalities, 140 villages and 313 hamlets. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

The province is a stronghold for Kurdish nationalism and a hotspot in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.
King Liar
King Liar is a 2016 Indian Malayalam-language romantic comedy film written by Siddique and directed by Lal. It stars Dileep, Lal, Asha Sharath, and Madonna Sebastian in the lead roles. It was produced by SAK under his production SAK Movie House. The soundtrack and score were composed by Alex Paul and Deepak Dev. The film was released on 2 April 2016. The movie is about a manipulative liar, Sathyanarayan. The movie brought the writer-director duo Siddique-Lal together after 22 years.

Asha Sharath
Asha Sharath is an Indian actress and classical dancer, who predominantly works in Malayalam films and television, in addition to a few Tamil, Kannada and Telugu films. She is best known for her role as a police officer in the Drishyam film series.
Churchill Weavers
Churchill Weavers was a handweaving company that operated from 1922 to 2007 in Berea, Kentucky, an area of Appalachia long associated with handcrafts.

It was the first company to mass-produce handwoven products for a national market.: 9  : 9  : unnumbered   : 1

Berea, Kentucky
Berea (/bəˈriːə/ bə-REE-ə) is a home rule-class city in Madison County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city is best known for its art festivals, historic restaurants and buildings, and as the home to Berea College, a private liberal arts college. The population was 15,539 at the 2020 census. It is one of the fastest-growing cities in Kentucky, having increased by 27.4% since 2000. Berea is a principal city of the Richmond−Berea Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Madison and Rockcastle counties. It was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1890.
German submarine U-220
German submarine U-220 was a Type XB submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The U-boat was laid down on 16 June 1941 at the Germaniawerft yard at Kiel as yard number 626, launched on 16 January 1943 and commissioned on 27 March 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Bruno Barber.

The boat's service career began with training in the 4th U-boat Flotilla followed by reassignment to the 12th flotilla for operations.

In one patrol, the submarine sank two ships.

The boat was sunk on 28 October 1943 by US aircraft in mid-Atlantic.

Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft (often just called Germaniawerft, "Germania shipyard") was a German shipbuilding company, located in the harbour at Kiel, and one of the largest and most important builders of U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I and the Kriegsmarine in World War II. The original company was founded in 1867 but went bankrupt and was bought out by Friedrich Krupp. Krupp was very interested in building warships and in the time before the First World War built a number of battleships for the Kaiserliche Marine, including SMS Posen, SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, SMS Kronprinz, and SMS Sachsen. A total of 84 U-boats were built in the shipyard during the war. After the war it returned to the normal production of yachts and transports.
Christina Nolan
Christina Elizabeth Nolan (born September 26, 1979) is an American attorney and politician who served as the United States Attorney for the District of Vermont from 2017 to 2021. Prior to becoming the U.S. Attorney, she was an Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Vermont, where she prosecuted a variety of criminal cases. A member of the Republican Party, she was a candidate for the United States Senate in the 2022 election, losing the Republican primary. Nolan is considered a moderate Republican, and in her Senate campaign was endorsed by Governor Phil Scott.

Governor of Vermont
The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

There is no limit on the number of terms a Vermont governor can serve. If no candidate receives at least 50% plus one vote of all votes for governor cast in the election, the governor of Vermont is then elected by the state legislature. The incumbent Vermont governor is Republican Phil Scott. He was sworn in on January 5, 2017, becoming Vermont's 82nd governor.

Despite having a Republican governor, Vermont has the most Democratic Cook Partisan Voting Index of any of the 50 U.S. states, at D+17.
Paul Leslie Redfearn
Paul Leslie Redfearn Jr. (1926–2018) was an American professor of botany, specializing in mosses and liverworts. He was the president of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society from 1971 to 1973. He was the mayor of Springfield, Missouri from 1978 to 1981.

American Bryological and Lichenological Society
The American Bryological and Lichenological Society is an organization devoted to the scientific study of all aspects of the biology of bryophytes and lichen-forming fungi and is one of the nation's oldest botanical organizations. It was originally known as the Sullivant Moss Society, named after William Starling Sullivant. The Society publishes a quarterly journal distributed worldwide, The Bryologist, which includes articles on all aspects of the biology of mosses, hornworts, liverworts and lichens. The Society also publishes the quarterly journal Evansia, which is intended for both amateurs and professionals in bryology and lichenology and is focused on North America.
RH-34
RH-34 is a compound which acts as a potent and selective partial agonist for the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor subtype. It was derived by structural modification of the selective 5-HT2A antagonist ketanserin, with the 4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidine moiety replaced by the N-(2-methoxybenzyl) pharmacophore found in such potent 5-HT2A agonists as NBOMe-2C-B and NBOMe-2C-I. This alteration was found to retain 5-HT2A affinity and selectivity, but reversed activity from an antagonist to a moderate efficacy partial agonist.

Pharmacophore
In medicinal chemistry and molecular biology, a pharmacophore is an abstract description of molecular features that are necessary for molecular recognition of a ligand by a biological macromolecule. IUPAC defines a pharmacophore to be "an ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target and to trigger (or block) its biological response". A pharmacophore model explains how structurally diverse ligands can bind to a common receptor site.  Furthermore, pharmacophore models can be used to identify through de novo design or virtual screening novel ligands that will bind to the same receptor.
Worst Way
"Worst Way" is a song by American singer-songwriter Riley Green, first released on March 29, 2024, as a promotional single from his EP Way Out Here (2024). It was sent to country radio on February 10, 2025, as the lead single from his third studio album Don't Mind If I Do (2024). In June 2025, it became Green's third number-one on the Country Airplay chart, and his first as a solo artist.

Country Airplay
Country Airplay is a chart published weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States since October 20, 2012, although the magazine also retrospectively recognizes the Hot Country Songs charts from January 20, 1990, through October 13, 2012, as part of the history of the Country Airplay listing.  The chart lists the 60 most-listened-to records played on 150 mainstream country radio stations across the country as monitored by Nielsen BDS, weighted to each station's Nielsen ratings.

The first number-one song actually published under the Country Airplay banner was "Take a Little Ride" by Jason Aldean; but as Billboard also recognizes the history of the Hot Country Songs chart since 1990 as part of this chart, the magazine recognizes the first chart-topper as "Nobody's Home" by Clint Black.
McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting
In United States employment discrimination law, McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting or the McDonnell-Douglas burden-shifting framework refers to the procedure for adjudicating a motion for summary judgement under a Title VII disparate treatment claim, in particular a "private, non-class action challenging employment discrimination", that lacks direct evidence of discrimination. It was introduced by the United States Supreme Court in McDonnell Douglas v. Green and Texas Dept. of Community Affairs v. Burdine and has been elaborated on in subsequent cases.

The McDonnell-Douglas framework is typically used when a case lacks direct evidence of discrimination. In other cases, courts may decide not to use the McDonnell-Douglas framework, and instead evaluate disparate treatment claims under the Price Waterhouse "mixed motive" framework.

Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins
Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins, 490 U.S. 228 (1989), was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court on the issues of prescriptive sex discrimination and employer liability for sex discrimination. The employee, Ann Hopkins, sued her former employer, the accounting firm Price Waterhouse. She argued that the firm denied her partnership because she did not fit the partners' idea of what a female employee should look and act like. The employer failed to prove that it would have denied her partnership anyway, and the Court held that constituted sex discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

The ruling established that gender stereotyping is actionable as sex discrimination. Furthermore, it established the mixed-motive framework that enables employees to prove discrimination when other, lawful reasons for the adverse employment action exist alongside discriminatory motivations or reasons.
Washington State Route 278
State Route 278 (SR 278) is a 5.50-mile (8.85 km) long state highway serving rural Spokane County in the U.S. state of Washington. The highway begins at SR 27 in Rockford and travels east to the Idaho state line, where it becomes Idaho State Highway 58. SR 278 was established in 1991 to serve the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in Idaho and used the route of an old gravel road that dates back to the 1930s.

Coeur d'Alene Reservation
The Coeur d'Alene Reservation is a Native American reservation in northwestern Idaho, United States. It is home to the federally recognized Coeur d'Alene, one of the five federally recognized tribes in the state.

It is located in parts of Benewah and Kootenai counties. The land area is 523.76 sq mi (1,356.531 km2) and it had a population of 6,551 residents at the 2000 census. The largest city entirely within the reservation is Plummer, with a population of more than 1,000 in the 2010 census.

Part of the larger city of St. Maries, the county seat of Benewah County, extends onto the reservation's eastern end. Some 734 of the city's 2,652 residents reside in this area of the reservation.