hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liu Xiang (scholar)
Liu Xiang (77–6 BCE), born Liu Gengsheng, courtesy name Zizheng, was a Chinese astronomer, historian, librarian, poet, politician, and writer of the Western Han dynasty. Among his polymathic scholarly specialties were history, literary bibliography, and astronomy. He is particularly well known for his bibliographic work in cataloging and editing the extensive imperial library.

Liu An
Liú Ān (Chinese: 劉安, c. 179–122 BC) was a Chinese monarch, philosopher and cartographer. A Han dynasty prince ruling the Huainan Kingdom, Liu An advised his nephew, Emperor Wu of Han (武帝). He is best known for editing the (139 BC) Huainanzi compendium of Daoist, Confucianist, and Legalist teachings and is credited for inventing tofu. Early texts represent Liu An in three ways: the "author-editor of a respected philosophical symposium", the "bumbling rebel who took his life to avoid arrest", and the successful Daoist adept who transformed into a xian and "rose into the air to escape prosecution for trumped-up charges of treason and flew to eternal life."
Peter Scheerer
Peter Scheerer (born 16 December 1973) is a German film director, film producer and screenwriter. He collaborates on his movies with fellow filmmaker Michael Roesch.

A film fan since his early childhood, Scheerer started shooting short 8 mm movies while he was in high school. After college Scheerer worked in advertising. Later he started together with his writing partner Michael Roesch a successful career as a screenwriter, and worked in various production capacities. Among their screenwriting credits are Alone in the Dark, House of the Dead 2 and Far Cry.

In 2006 Roesch and Scheerer directed their first feature, the vampire thriller Brotherhood of Blood, starring Victoria Pratt, Sid Haig and Ken Foree. The movie had its world premiere at the prestigious Sitges Film Festival in Sitges, Spain in October 2007.

In 2007 Roesch and Scheerer directed Alone in the Dark II, starring Rick Yune, Lance Henriksen and Danny Trejo. It is a sequel to the 2005 film Alone in the Dark.

Ken Foree
Ken Foree (born February 29, 1948) is an American actor, best known as the protagonist Peter from the horror film Dawn of the Dead (1978) and as Roger Rockmore on the Nickelodeon television sitcom Kenan & Kel (1996–2000).
Saint Memnon
Saint Memnon  the Wonderworker was alive during the second century A.D. He was a hegumen of an Egyptian monastery.  His feast day is April 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

In the Egyptian desert he practised religious asceticism.

He is said to have performed a number of miracles. Some of his miracles include causing a spring to gush forth, destroying a plague of locusts, curing illnesses and saving boats from destruction.

Hegumen
Hegumen, hegumenos, or igumen (Greek: ἡγούμενος, trans. hēgoúmenos), is the title for the head of a monastery in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, or an archpriest in the Coptic Orthodox Church, similar to the title of abbot. The head of a convent of nuns is called a hegumenia or igumeni (Greek: ἡγουμένη).
North East Urban (Fijian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
North East Fijian Urban Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 23 communal constituencies reserved for indigenous Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 48 seats, 23 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate was non-contiguous, covering the northern towns of Labasa and Savusavu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

2013 Constitution of Fiji
The 2013 Constitution of Fiji is the fourth constitution of Fiji, signed into law by President Ratu Epeli Nailatikau on 6 September 2013, coming into effect immediately. It is the first to eliminate race-based electoral rolls, race-based seat quotas, district-based representation, the unelected upper chamber, and the role of the hereditary Council of Chiefs. It vests sole legislative authority in a single-chamber, 50-seat, at-large Parliament, to be first convened following general elections in 2014. It is also the first ever to grant the right to multiple citizenship (in effect since 2009 by decree, on abrogation of the 1997 constitution), and lowers the voting age to 18.
Rachel Walker Turner
Rachel Walker Turner (1868–1943), also known as the "Creole Nightingale", was an American soprano.

Walker was born in 1868 in Cleveland, Ohio to parents M.L. (Lenyar) and T.W. Turner. While in Cleveland, she studied music under John Underner, and by 1886, she began performing locally as a soprano singer and pianist. She joined the Midnight Star Concert Company in 1883, touring as a singer with the company. She later joined a concert company as their prima donna soprano and began touring in California.

In 1895, Walker moved to New York for her career. She traveled to London in 1897 and began living abroad until the onset of World War I, eventually returning to the United States in 1915.

Walker died in Cleveland on November 12, 1943.

Prima donna
In opera or commedia dell'arte, a prima donna (Italian: [ˈpriːma ˈdɔnna]; Italian for 'first lady'; pl.: prime donne) is the leading female singer in the company, the person to whom the prime roles would be given.

Prime donne often had grand off-stage personalities and were seen as demanding of their colleagues. Because of this, the term has spread in contemporary usage, from its original usage in opera to referring to anyone behaving in a demanding or temperamental fashion or having an inflated view of oneself.

The prima donna in opera was normally, but not necessarily, a soprano. The corresponding term for the male lead (usually a castrato in the 17th and 18th centuries, later a tenor) is primo uomo.
Myfanwy Piper
Mary Myfanwy Piper (/məˈfɑːnwiː/; Welsh: /məˈvanuj/; 28 March 1911 – 18 January 1997) was a British art critic and opera librettist. She was the founder of the periodical Axis, which was devoted to abstract art. She collaborated with the composer Benjamin Britten on several of his operas, with composer Alun Hoddinott on most of his operatic works, and was a friend of the poet John Betjeman, who wrote poems addressing her.

Art critic
An art critic is a person who is specialized in analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating art. Their written critiques or reviews contribute to art criticism and they are published in newspapers, magazines, books, exhibition brochures, and catalogues and on websites. Some of today's art critics use art blogs and other online platforms in order to connect with a wider audience and expand debate.
Vetka Island
Vetka Island is an island in the Sozh River near the Belarus town of Vetka. The island is known for a large Old Believers community which lived there in the 18th and 19th centuries. After that time the community was destroyed by the Russian state, however, and the Old Believers had to move further to the West, into Moldova, Romania and Austria, to avoid interference from the Russian authorities.

Vyetka
Vyetka or Vetka (Belarusian: Ветка, romanized: Vietka; Russian: Ветка; Polish: Wietka) is a town in Gomel Region, Belarus. It is situated on the bank of the Sozh River, and serves as the administrative center of Vyetka District. As of 2025, it has a population of 8,580.

It was established in 1685 by the Old Believer Priest Group (a branch of the Russian Orthodox Church) who were known as the Theodesians and who had migrated from Central Russia. At the time it was founded, Vyetka was on the territory of the Great Duchy of Lithuania.

The town's prosperity brought on the wrath of the Russian Empire and as result, it was gutted twice (1735 and 1764) by the Tsarist army in the 18th century. Vyetka is located on the left bank of the Sozh River, in the area which was highly radioactive due to the nuclear fallout of the Chernobyl disaster that occurred on April 26, 1986.
Little Red Riding Hood (2022 film)
Little Red Riding Hood (Russian: Красная Шапочка, romanized: Krasnaya Shapochka) is a 2022 Russian children's fantasy film directed by Lina Arifulina, Aleksandr Barshak and Artyom Aksenenko. It was theatrically released on September 22, 2022.

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Aculab
Aculab is a privately held, UK-based limited company that was founded in 1978. With headquarters and R&D facilities located in Milton Keynes, UK, and its branch office is in Norwood, Massachusetts, US.

Ladan Baghai-Ravary is the company CEO.

It is a designer, developer and manufacturer that specialises in providing API-driven, enabling technology sub-systems for telecommunications related OEM products such as are used in fixed line PSTN, wireless and VoIP networks. Its products are sold worldwide, primarily through  direct sales and also via the reseller channel.

Norwood, Massachusetts
Norwood is a town and census-designated place in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. Norwood is part of the Greater Boston area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,611. The town was named after Norwood, England. Norwood is on the Neponset River, which runs all the way to Boston Harbor from Foxborough.
Kindberg
Kindberg is a municipality with a population in 2023 of 8,183 in the district of Bruck-Mürzzuschlag in Styria, Austria. Kindberg's landmark is the Kindberger Zunftbaum, an approximately 30-metre high wooden pole on the main square.

Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District
Bruck-Mürzzuschlag (German: [bʁʊk myɐ̯t͡sˈt͡suːʃlak]) is a district in Styria, Austria. It came into effect on January 1, 2013, when the merging of the districts Bruck an der Mur and Mürzzuschlag occurred. Just 2 years later, on 1 January 2015, the district was restructured in the Styria municipal structural reform and reduced from 37 to 19 towns. It consists of the following 19 municipalities:
Kurai Onrum Illai
"Kurai Onrum Illai" (Tamil: குறை ஒன்றும் இல்லை, meaning No grievances have I) is a Tamil devotional song written by C. Rajagopalachari. The song set in Carnatic music was written in gratitude to Hindu God (Venkateswara and Krishna visualised as one) and compassionate mother.

Kurai Onrum Illai is one of the few songs written by Indian politician, freedom-fighter and Governor-General of India, Chakravarti Rajagopalachari.

The song was sung by M. S. Subbulakshmi in the Sri Venkateswara (Balaji) Pancharatna Mala LP-2 (Long Play Record) (1979/80). This song is unique because it does not assume the tone of devoted grants of prayer but one of thankfulness to God. The song comprises 3 stanzas each set in three different ragas of Shivaranjani, Kapi and Sindhu Bhairavi.

Kurai Onrum Illai is a very popular song in South India and is a regular in many Carnatic concerts. It became very famous after it was sung by M. S. Subbulakshmi.

Shivaranjani
Shivaranjani or Sivaranjani is a musical scale used in Indian classical music. There are two scales, one in Hindustani music and one in Carnatic music. The Hindustani rāga is a pentatonic scale, as is the Carnatic scale categorized as Audava-Audava (audava meaning 'of 5') resulting in 5 notes in the Arohanam and 5 in the Avarohanam.
Couta Rocks, Tasmania
Couta Rocks is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Circular Head in the North-west and west LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 77 kilometres (48 mi) south-west of the town of Smithton. The 2016 census recorded a population of 7 for the state suburb of Couta Rocks.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
St Martin-in-the-Fields High School for Girls
St Martin-in-the-Fields High School for Girls was one of the oldest schools for girls in Britain. It was established in 1699 as a charitable enterprise by the parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Its popularity and growth led to its relocation in 1928 on a larger site in Tulse Hill, in the South London borough of Lambeth, England. For most of its history it was a grammar school, but at its closure in 2024 it was a secondary school with academy status.

The school badge depicts the eponymous St. Martin of Tours. The school motto, Caritate et disciplina translates as "With Love and Learning". The school remained Christian but accepted girls of all faiths.

Following the school's closure because of declining enrolment, it was announced that the building would become a youth hub called Oasis St Martin's Village.

Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth
Lambeth was a civil parish and metropolitan borough in south London, England. It was an ancient parish in the county of Surrey. The parish was included in the area of responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1855 and became part of the County of London in 1889. The parish of Lambeth became a metropolitan borough in 1900, following the London Government Act 1899, with the parish vestry replaced by a borough council.
Holland Hospital
Holland Hospital is a non-profit hospital headquartered in Holland, Michigan. The hospital was founded in 1917. As of February 2014, Holland Hospital has a 189-bed main campus with more than 300 physicians, and a 2,000 member hospital staff that includes 550 registered nurses.

It operates multiple satellite facilities in surrounding communities throughout Ottawa and Allegan counties along the West Michigan lakeshore.

Non-profit hospital
A non-profit hospital is a hospital that does not make profits for owners of the hospital from the funds collected for patient services. The owners of non-profit hospitals are often a charitable organization or non-profit corporations. Fees for service above the cost of service are reinvested in the hospital. Other funding types for hospitals include public hospitals and for-profit hospitals.
Marine Corps Air Station Ewa
Marine Corps Air Station Ewa (MCAS Ewa) was a United States Marine Corps air station that was located 7 miles (11 km) west of Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii.  The base was hit during the attack on Pearl Harbor, and later served as the hub for all Marine aviation units heading into combat in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  The base was closed in 1952 because its runways were too short for jet aircraft, and expansion was impossible due to the proximity of Naval Air Station Barbers Point. Ewa has been abandoned since 1952; however, two of its runways are still visible from the air and many of the revetments still remain in good condition.

Pacific Ocean theater of World War II
The Pacific Ocean theater of World War II was a major theater of the Pacific War, the war between the Allies and the Empire of Japan. It included the U.S. Pacific Ocean Areas command, which comprised most of the Pacific Ocean and its islands.

The Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British Borneo, Australia, most of the Territory of New Guinea, and the western Solomons were under a different Allied command.
Live at Rockland Palace
Live at Rockland Palace, also released as The Complete Legendary Rockland Palace Concert, is a live album by jazz saxophonist Charlie Parker, recorded in 1952 with strings at Rockland Palace in Harlem. The event was a benefit concert for local politician Benjamin Davis.

Johnny Mercer
John Herndon Mercer (November 18, 1909 – June 25, 1976) was an American lyricist, songwriter, and singer, as well as a record label executive who co-founded Capitol Records with music industry businessmen Buddy DeSylva and Glenn E. Wallichs.

He is best known as a Tin Pan Alley lyricist, but he also composed music and was a popular singer who recorded his own as well as others' songs from the mid-1930s through the mid-1950s. Mercer's songs were among the most successful hits of the time, including "Moon River", "Days of Wine and Roses", "Autumn Leaves", and "Hooray for Hollywood". He wrote the lyrics to more than 1,500 songs, including compositions for movies and Broadway shows. He received nineteen Oscar nominations, and won four Best Original Song Oscars.
Etrian Odyssey Untold: The Millennium Girl
Etrian Odyssey Untold: The Millennium Girl is a 2013 role-playing video game for the Nintendo 3DS by Atlus. It is part of the Etrian Odyssey series, and is both a "reimagining" and a remake of the first entry. It was released by Atlus in 2013 for Japan on June 27 and in North America on October 1 and released by NIS America in Europe on May 2, 2014. It was available via both Nintendo eShop and retail at release.

Nintendo eShop
The Nintendo eShop is a digital distribution service for the Nintendo Switch and the Nintendo Switch 2, and formerly available via the Nintendo Network for the 
Nintendo 3DS and Wii U. Launched in June 2011 on the Nintendo 3DS, the Nintendo eShop served as the successor to both the Wii Shop Channel and DSi Shop. It is also a multitasking application, which means it is easily accessible even when a game is already running in the background through the system software. The Nintendo eShop features downloadable games, demos, applications, streaming videos, consumer rating feedback, and other information on upcoming game releases. The service was discontinued globally for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U in March 2023, continuing only on the Switch and Switch 2.
Nikodim
Nikodim is a masculine given name. It is a variant of the given name Nicodemus. Notable people withe the name include:

Nikodim I (died 1325), Eastern Orthodox saint, 10th Metropolitan of Peć and Archbishop of the Serbs

Nikodim II, Serbian Patriarch between 1445 and 1455

Nikodim Busović

Nikodim Kondakov

Nikodim Krotkov (1868–1938), Russian Orthodox Archbishop of Kostroma and Galich

Nikodim Milaš (1845–1915), Serbian Orthodox bishop, theologian and saint

Nikodim Rotov (1929–1978), Metropolitan of Leningrad and Minsk and undercover KGB agent

Nikodim Schlegel

Nikodim Silivanovich

Nikodim Tsarknias

Nicodemus I of Peć
Nikodim I of Peć and Nikodim of Hilandar (Serbian: Никодим I Пећки) was a monk-scribe at Hilandar before becoming the 10th Serbian Archbishop from 1316 to 1324, he died in the year 1325. He is a Serbian saint and the Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates his feast day on May 11/24. Nikodim is the author of Rodoslov: srpskih kraljeva i vladika (The Lives of Serbian Kings and Bishops).
Domnall Ua Lochlainn
Domhnall Ua Lochlainn (old spelling: Domnall Ua Lochlainn) (1048 – 10 February 1121), also known as Domhnall Mac Lochlainn (old spelling: Domnall Mac Lochlainn), was king of the Cenél Eogain, over-king of Ailech, and alleged High King of Ireland.

Northern Uí Néill
The Northern Uí Néill was any of several dynasties in north-western medieval Ireland that claimed descent from a common ancestor, Niall of the Nine Hostages. Other dynasties in central and eastern Ireland who also claimed descent from Niall are termed the Southern Uí Néill (together they are known as the Uí Néill dynasty). The dynasties of the Northern Uí Néill were the Cenél Conaill and Cenél nEógain, named after the two most powerful sons of Niall: Conall and Eógain.

The Northern Uí Néill's over-kingdom in its earliest days was known as In Fochla and In Tuaiscert, both meaning 'the North', and was initially ruled by the Cenél Conaill. After the Cenél nEógain's rise to dominance, it became known as Ailech.
Deaths in August 1992
The following is a list of notable deaths in August 1992.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Equestrian events at the 1948 Summer Olympics
The equestrian events at the 1948 London Summer Olympics included dressage, eventing, and show jumping. All three disciplines had both individual and team competitions. The competitions were held from 9 to 14 August 1948, with the first five days held in the military complex at Aldershot, the endurance day on the army grounds of Aldershot at Tweseldown, and the jumping at the Empire Stadium in Wembley. World War II resulted in a greatly reduced number of competitors, including the absence of Germany, although Brazil made its first appearance in the equestrian events. 103 entries from 17 nations (Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States) competed. The youngest participant was Aëcio Coelho from Brazil at 23 years old, while the oldest rider was the Italian Alessandro, Count Bettoni Cazzago, at 55 years old.
Greg Brough
Gregory John Brough (26 March 1951 – 9 March 2014) was an Australian long-distance freestyle swimmer of the 1960s and 1970s, who won a bronze medal in the 1500-metre freestyle at the 1968 Summer Olympics.  In Mexico City, Brough finished behind the American world record-holder Mike Burton and his teammate John Kinsella.  He also finished fourth in the 400-metre, also won by Burton.  At the 1970 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Brough won a bronze in the 400-metre behind fellow Australian Graham White.

He attended The Southport School.

1970 British Commonwealth Games
The 1970 British Commonwealth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 16 to 25 July 1970. This was the first time the name British Commonwealth Games was adopted, the first time metric units rather than imperial units were used in all events, and also the first time the event was held in Scotland.

Also, the event saw the first unique Games trademark logo: an emblem showing the Games emblem intertwined with a St Andrews Cross and a thistle. The event was followed by the 1970 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes. The 1970 Games was one of the most successful in the history of the event.
1923 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1923 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King. They were published on 1 and 29 June 1923.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Garrison Artillery
The Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) was formed in 1899 as a distinct arm of the British Army's  Royal Regiment of Artillery serving alongside the other two arms of the Regiment, the Royal Field Artillery (RFA) and the Royal Horse Artillery (RHA).  The RGA were the 'technical' branch of the Royal Artillery who were responsible for much of the professionalisation of technical gunnery that was to occur during the First World War.  It was originally established to man the guns of the British Empire's forts and fortresses, including coastal artillery batteries, the heavy gun batteries attached to each infantry division and the guns of the siege artillery. The RGA was amalgamated with the RFA in 1924, from which time the only two arms within the Royal Regiment of Artillery have been the Royal Artillery and the Royal Horse Artillery.