hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nizamski rastanak
Nizamski rastanak (Turkish: Nizam'ın vedası) is a famous Ottoman Army melody. In English, the song has been translated as The Nizam Departure.

According to Felix Kanitz, because the melody was played by the Ottoman military band orchestras when the Ottomans left Serbia in May 1867, this melody became one of the most favorite Serbian melodies. This Ottoman melody was regularly played by Serbian military orchestras during World War I and was part of an emotional reception of the victory of Serbian army on the Macedonian front. After the war, Nizamski rastanak became part of the repertoire of Serb romanticists and nationalists and was regularly sung during their gatherings.

In 1995, Benjamin Isović used the melody of "Nizamski rastanak" to write the Bosniak song "Šehidski rastanak", believing that he was only bringing back this melody to its Bosnian birthplace. Miljenko Jergović considers the Bosnian origin of the melody as completely uncertain.

Macedonian front
The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and with insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Greece (the National Schism). Eventually, a stable front was established, running from the Albanian Adriatic coast to the Struma River, pitting a multinational Allied force against the Bulgarian army, which was at various times bolstered with smaller units from the other Central Powers. The Macedonian front remained stable, despite local actions, until the Allied offensive in September 1918 resulted in Bulgaria capitulating and the liberation of Serbia.
Thomas Sales
Thomas Sales (5 September 1868–15 November 1926) was a Canadian politician and farmer. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1921 election as a Member of the Progressive Party representing the riding of Saltcoats.

Saltcoats (federal electoral district)
Saltcoats was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1908 to 1925. This riding was created in 1907 from parts of Assiniboia East, and Qu'Appelle ridings. It consisted of a part of eastern Saskatchewan north of the Qu'Appelle river. It was abolished in 1924 when it was redistributed into Last Mountain, Melville and Yorkton  ridings.
Lake Firlej
Lake Firlej is a lake in east Poland in Lubartów County near the village of Firlej. The lake has no tributaries and no permanent outlets. The periodic flow only exists after thaws or heavy rains. It flows from its western side and into the lower Kunów Lake.

Around the lake there is an illuminated footpath for pedestrians and a bicycle path. In summer, Lake Firlej is a popular vacation spot. Several sandy beaches are scattered around the lake, Beach on Lake Firlej (Plaża nad jeziorem Firlej) being the largest.

The area around the lake is forested to the south, and more populated on the north side. The village of Firlej is situated on the north-west side of the lake.

Fishing from piers and boats is possible on Lake Firlej. Many species of fish live in the lake, including bream, roach, pike, zander, crucian carp, and eel.

Bream
Bream (/ˈbriːm/, US also /ˈbrɪm/ ⓘ) are species of freshwater fish belonging to a variety of genera including Abramis (e.g., A. brama, the common bream), Ballerus, Blicca, Chilotilapia, Etelis, Lepomis, Gymnocranius, Lethrinus, Nemipterus, Pharyngochromis, Rhabdosargus, Scolopsis, or Serranochromis.

Although species from all of these genera are called "bream", the term does not imply a degree of relatedness between them. Fish termed "bream" tend to be narrow, deep-bodied species. The name is a derivation of the Middle English word breme, of Old French origin.
Bair Badënov
Bair Badënov (Russian: Баи́р Доржи́евич Бадёнов, Baír Dorzhíyevich Badyónov, pronounced [bɐˈir dɐrˈʐɨɪvʲɪtɕ bɐˈdʲɵnəf]; born June 28, 1976, in Zugalay, now Zabaykalsky Krai) is a Russian archer.

Badënov was a World Champion among Youth in 1993, a European champion in 1996. Participated in 1996 Olympics in Atlanta and was 4th in 2000 Olympics in Sydney. In 2007 he won the World Cup in Turkey, and silver in individual competition at the European competitions in Turin, Italy.

Mogoytuysky District
Mogoytuysky District (Russian: Могойтуйский райо́н; Buryat: Могойтын аймаг, Mogoityn aimag) is an administrative and municipal district (raion) of Agin-Buryat Okrug of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, one of the thirty-one in the krai, and borders with Shilkinsky District in the north, Olovyanninsky District in the east, Ononsky District in the south, and with Aginsky District in the west.  The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Mogoytuy. Population: 27,463 (2010 census); 27,386 (2002 Census); 28,647 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Mogoytuy accounts for 37.3% of the district's total population.
London Grove, Pennsylvania
London Grove is an unincorporated community in West Marlborough Township in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. London Grove is located at the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 926 and Newark Road, north of Avondale. There was a blacksmith shop (at the middle of the intersection) and a general store, now the parking lot for an apartment building.

West Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania
West Marlborough Township is a township in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 814 at the 2010 census. East Marlborough and West Marlborough townships were carved out of the larger Marlborough Township in 1729.

West Marlborough Township is a second class township, governed by a three-member Board of Supervisors, who meet monthly at the township garage in the village of Doe Run. Other elected officials include an auditor, constable, and political party committee members. A Planning Commission is appointed by the supervisors and serve to advise the supervisors as to real estate subdivision, zoning, the township comprehensive plan, and similar matters.
Devil (TV series)
Devil (Japanese: 魔王, Hepburn: Maō; lit. 'The Devil', or 'Demon King'), officially stylized as dEVIL, is a Japanese remake of the Korean suspense drama series titled The Devil which aired on KBS 2TV in 2007. The drama stars Satoshi Ohno of Arashi and Toma Ikuta, both under the talent agency Johnny & Associates.

Mazoku
In Japanese mythology and fantasy, mazoku (魔族) are supernatural beings, normally evil ones such as devils or demons. A  maō (魔王) or maou is a ruler of mazoku, or in fiction more generically a dark lord or powerful monster.
GR-113808
GR-113808 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective 5-HT4 serotonin receptor antagonist. It is used in researching the roles of 5-HT4 receptors in various processes, and has been used to test some of the proposed therapeutic effects of selective 5-HT4 agonists, such as for instance blocking the nootropic effects of 5-HT4 agonists, and worsening the respiratory depression produced by opioid analgesic drugs, which appears to be partly 5-HT4 mediated and can be counteracted by certain 5-HT4 agonists.

Nootropic
Nootropics (/noʊ.əˈtroʊpɪks/ noh-ə-TROHP-iks or /noʊ.əˈtrɒpɪks/ noh-ə-TROP-iks; colloquially brain supplements, smart drugs, cognitive enhancers, memory enhancers, or brain boosters) are chemical substances which purportedly improve cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, wakefulness, and self-control.

In the United States, nootropics can be over-the-counter drugs and commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have warned manufacturers and consumers about possible advertising fraud and marketing scams concerning nootropic supplements. Nootropics include both prescription drugs and dietary supplements marketed to enhance brain function, but while FDA-approved drugs have proven benefits and oversight, many dietary supplements lack evidence, may contain unapproved or hidden drugs, and pose safety and regulatory risks.
Bildschirmtext
Bildschirmtext (German "screen text", abbrev. Btx or BTX) was an online videotex system launched in West Germany in 1983 by the Deutsche Bundespost, the (West) German postal service.

Btx originally required special hardware (it was based on GEC 4000 series computers) which had to be bought or rented from the British General Post Office. The data was transmitted through the telephone network using V.23 modems and the content was displayed on a television set.

Deutsche Bundespost
The Deutsche Bundespost (German pronunciation: [ˌdɔʏtʃə ˈbʊndəsˌpɔst], lit. 'German Federal Post') was a German state-run postal service and telecommunications business founded in 1947. It was initially the second largest federal employer during its time. After staff reductions in the 1980s, the staff was reduced to roughly 543,200 employees in 1985. The corporation was dissolved in 1995 under two rounds of postal reforms that took place in the German Post Office in 1989 and 1995, respectively. Following the reforms, the former Deutsche Bundespost was broken into three publicly traded corporations: Deutsche Post AG (postal services), Deutsche Telekom (telecommunications), and Deutsche Postbank AG (banking).
San Ciro, Capriate San Gervasio
San Ciro is a Romanesque-style, Roman Catholic church located on Via San Siro 18 in the town of Capriate San Gervasio, in the province of Bergamo, Italy. The church was erected in the 12th-century using stone. The small church lacks aisles and has a frescoed apse.

Capriate San Gervasio
Capriate San Gervasio (Bergamasque: Cavriàt San Gervàs; Milanese: Capriàa San Gervàsi) is a town and comune in the province of Bergamo, in Lombardy, northern Italy. As of 2019, its population was 8,216.

The municipality is located about 17 km (11 mi) from Milan.
Anthony McLaughlin
Anthony McLaughlin (March 10, 1844 – November 27, 1925) was a farmer and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1894 to 1903 as a Liberal member.

He was born at Bedford, Queens County, Prince Edward Island, the son of James McLaughlin and Mary Phillips, both Irish immigrants, and was educated there. He married Clementina Carmichael. McLaughlin served as a minister without portfolio in the Executive Council from 1895 to 1903. McLaughlin served as a magistrate for Kings County and was bursar for the Prince Edward Island Hospital for the Insane.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
Abdul Kabir
Mawlawi Abdul Kabir (Pashto: عبدالکبير) is an Afghan politician and a senior member of the Taliban leadership. Since 18 January 2025, he is the acting Minister of Refugee and Repatriation. From 4 October 2021 to 9 January 2025, he was also the acting third Deputy Prime Minister for Political Affairs of Afghanistan in the internationally unrecognized Taliban government. In the previous Taliban regime, he was the acting Prime Minister of Afghanistan from 16 April to 13 November 2001.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Yi Won (writer)
Yi Won (born 1968) is a South Korean poet. She was born in 1968 in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, and she graduated from Seoul Institute of the Arts in creative writing. She received a master's degree in creative writing from Dongguk University. She began her career in poetry when she published "Sigangwa binilbongji" (시간과 비닐봉지 Time and the Plastic Bag) and 3 other poems in the 1992 Fall issue of the quarterly journal Segye-ui Munhak. Though she became known as a poet that writes about human characters in the age of technological advancement, recently she has been writing much about the underlying loneliness of humanity.

Seoul Institute of the Arts
Seoul Institute of the Arts (Korean: 서울예술대학교) is an arts university in Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The Namsan campus in Seoul is used for presentation of arts productions and convergence with industry. The Ansan Campus opened in 2001 and is used for educational training.
Jean-François Lévesque
Jean-François Lévesque is a Canadian animator from Quebec. He is most noted for his 2008 short film The Necktie (Le noeud cravate), which won the Prix Jutra for Best Animated Short Film at the 11th Jutra Awards in 2009, and his 2020 short film I, Barnabé (Moi, Barnabé), which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2020.

Originally from Saint-Gabriel, Quebec, Lévesque lives and works principally in Montreal. As a child, he had participated in animation workshops in the Carrousel international du film de Rimouski children's film festival; in 2009, he was named its honorary co-president.

Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film
The Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film (French: Prix Iris du meilleur film d'animation) is an annual film award presented by Québec Cinéma as part of its Prix Iris program, to honour the year's best animated short film made within the cinema of Quebec.
Julie Yamamoto
Julie Yamamoto is an American politician and retired educator. A member of the Republican Party, she served as a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from the 11th District. She served at the helm of the House Education Committee starting in 2023.

Idaho House of Representatives
The Idaho House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Idaho Legislature.

It consists of 70 representatives elected to two-year terms. The state is divided into 35 districts, each of which elects two representatives to separate seats. It meets at the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, Idaho, in the State Capitol Building.
Matthew Waite
Matthew James Waite (born 24 December 1995) is an English cricketer who plays for Worcestershire County Cricket Club. Primarily a right-handed batsman, he also bowls right-arm fast-medium. In March 2019, in the match against Leeds/Bradford MCCU in the 2019 Marylebone Cricket Club University Matches, Waite took his maiden five-wicket haul in first-class cricket.

Five-wicket haul
In cricket, a five-wicket haul (also known as a "five–for" or "fifer") occurs when a bowler takes five or more wickets in a single innings, commonly abbreviated as 5wI. Taking five wickets is regarded as a notable achievement, equivalent to a century by a batter. In 2001, Glenn McGrath invented the tradition of a bowler raising the ball to the crowd at the completion of a five-wicket haul.

Taking a five-wicket haul at Lord's earns the bowler a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Symphora Béhi
Symphora Béhi (born 22 March 1986 in Paris, France) is a French sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.

She reached the semi-final at the 2009 European Indoor Championships. In the 4 x 400 metres relay she finished sixth at the 2004 World Junior Championships, and seventh at the 2009 World Championships.

Her personal best times are 11.74 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2004 in her birth city Paris; 23.70 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved in July 2006 in Montgeron; and 52.38 seconds in the 400 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Strasbourg.

2009 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2009 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held in Turin, Italy, from Friday, 6 March to Sunday, 8 March 2009. The championships took place at the Oval Lingotto indoor arena which has a seating capacity of 6,700 people.

It was the fourth time that the championships were held in Italy.
Painter of Dead Girls
Painter of Dead Girls is a compilation album by the grindcore band Pig Destroyer. It features songs from their Gnob and Benümb splits as well as a cover of the Helmet song "In the Meantime". J. R. Hayes once said that he did not remember the lyrics to the first seven tracks, and that he could not decipher them. Said lyrics have now been found and are available online.  The cover art was done by Chris Taylor of Pg. 99.

The iTunes version of Painter excludes the three cover songs.

Pg. 99
Pg. 99 (also spelled pageninetynine) is a hardcore punk band from Sterling, Virginia, a town on the outskirts of Washington, D.C., who are widely considered one of the pioneers of the screamo genre. The band formed as a six-piece in late 1997 and broke up as an eight-piece in 2003; at their maximum capacity they performed with two singers, three guitarists, two bassists and a drummer and were known for their intense live shows.
Philosophical views of Bertrand Russell
The aspects of Bertrand Russell's views on philosophy cover the changing viewpoints of philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), from his early writings in 1896 until his death in February 1970.

The Principles of Mathematics
The Principles of Mathematics (PoM) is a 1903 book by Bertrand Russell, in which the author presented his famous paradox and argued his thesis that mathematics and logic are identical.

The book presents a view of the foundations of mathematics and Meinongianism  and has become a classic reference. It reported on developments by Giuseppe Peano, Mario Pieri, Richard Dedekind, Georg Cantor, and others.

In 1905 Louis Couturat published a partial French translation that expanded the book's readership. In 1937 Russell prepared a new introduction saying, "Such interest as the book now possesses is historical, and consists in the fact that it represents a certain stage in the development of its subject." Further editions were published in 1938, 1951, 1996, and 2009.
Koprivna, Črna na Koroškem
Koprivna (pronounced [kɔˈpɾiːu̯na]) is a dispersed settlement in the Upper Meža Valley in the hills west of Črna na Koroškem in the Carinthia region of northern Slovenia on the border with Austria.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint James and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built in the 14th century and has 16th- and 19th-century furnishings in its interior. There is a second church in the northern part of the settlement belonging to the same parish. It is dedicated to Saint Anne and originally dates to the 15th century, but the nave was rebuilt in the 17th century. It has an altar with a rare statue of the Black Madonna.

James the Great
James the Great (Koine Greek: Ἰάκωβος, romanized: Iákōbos; Classical Syriac: ܝܥܩܘܒ, romanized: Yaʿqōḇ; died c. 44) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. According to the New Testament, he was the second of the apostles to die, after Judas Iscariot, and the first to be martyred. Saint James is the patron saint of Spain and, according to tradition, what are believed to be his remains are held in Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain.

He is also known as James, son of Zebedee, James, brother of John, Saint James the Great, Saint James the Greater, St. James Son of Thunder, St. James the Major, Saint James the Elder, or Saint Jacob, James the Apostle or Santiago.
Fire EX.
Fire Ex. (Chinese: 滅火器; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bia̍t-hóe-khì) is a punk rock band from Kaohsiung, Taiwan, founded in 2000. They perform songs primarily sung in both Taiwanese Hokkien and Mandarin Chinese, with occasional songs in English and Japanese.  The group consists of Sam (vocals), Orio (guitar), Pipi (bass), and KG (drums).  The band is known for their social activism supporting Taiwanese independence and same-sex marriage.

During the Sunflower Student Movement in 2014, student activists occupying the Legislative Yuan frequently played their song "Goodnight, Taiwan" and asked them to write a new song for the movement.  This led to the writing of "Island's Sunrise" (島嶼天光; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tó-sū Thiⁿ-kng), which became the unofficial anthem of the movement.  The band played at SXSW in Austin, Texas in 2024.

Golden Melody Award for Song of the Year
The Golden Melody Award for Song of the Year (Chinese: 金曲獎年度歌曲獎) is presented by the Ministry of Culture of Taiwan to honor outstanding vocal recording tracks in the pop music genre with wide appeal or symbolic significance. The Song of the Year award is one of the most prestigious categories at the awards presented annually since the 1st Golden Melody Awards in 1990. The award was presented for additional years until being discontinued in 1997, and was then revived in 2006. It is awarded to a single or for a track from an album, and goes to the performing artist for that song.
Incubation (psychology)
In psychology, incubation refers to the unconscious processing of problems, when they are set aside for a period of time, that may lead to insights. It was originally proposed by Graham Wallas in 1926 as one of his four stages of the creative process: preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification. Incubation is related to intuition and insight in that it is the unconscious part of a process whereby an intuition may become validated as an insight. Incubation substantially increases the odds of solving a problem, and benefits from long incubation periods with low cognitive workloads.

The experience of leaving a problem for a period of time and then finding that the difficulty evaporates on returning to the problem, or, even more striking, that the solution "comes out of the blue" when thinking about something else, is widespread. Many guides to effective thinking and problem solving advise the reader to set problems aside for a time.

Intuition
Intuition is the ability to acquire knowledge without recourse to conscious reasoning or needing an explanation. Different fields use the word "intuition" in very different ways, including but not limited to: direct access to unconscious knowledge; unconscious cognition; gut feelings; inner sensing; inner insight to unconscious pattern-recognition; and the ability to understand something instinctively, without any need for conscious reasoning. Intuitive knowledge tends to be approximate or heuristic.

The word intuition comes from the Latin verb intueri translated as 'consider' or from the Late Middle English word intuit, 'to contemplate'. Use of intuition is sometimes referred to as responding to a "gut feeling" or "trusting your gut".
Sarcomonadea
The sarcomonads (from Ancient Greek  σαρκώδης (sarkṓdēs) 'fleshy, i.e. amoeboid' and  μονάς (monás) 'unit') or class Sarcomonadea are a group of amoeboid biciliate protists in the phylum Cercozoa. They are characterized by a propensity to move through gliding on their posterior cilium or through filopodia, a lack of scales or external theca, a soft cell surface without obvious cortical filamentous or membranous skeleton, two cilia without scales or hairs, tubular mitochondrial cristae, near-spherical extrusomes, and a microbody (probably a peroxisome) attached to the nucleus.

Crista
A crista (/ˈkrɪstə/; pl.: cristae) is a fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The name is from the Latin for crest or plume, and it gives the inner membrane its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on. This aids aerobic cellular respiration, because the mitochondrion requires oxygen. Cristae are studded with proteins, including ATP synthase and a variety of cytochromes.