hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Libby Houston
Libby Houston (born 1941) is an English poet and botanist. The native of North London has published several collections of poetry. Houston, a research associate at the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Bristol, has discovered several new species of whitebeam (Sorbus), one of which has been given her name. In addition to membership in several organisations related to botany, Houston is a participant in the Avon Gorge & Downs Wildlife Project. She was the recipient of the H. H. Bloomer medal in 2012. The award from the Linnean Society of London acknowledged her contribution to natural history, in particular, the body of knowledge of whitebeams in Britain, and the flora of Avon Gorge in Bristol, England. In 2018, she was recipient of the Marsh Botany Award, in recognition of lifetime achievement in the field.

Whitebeam
The whitebeams are members of the family Rosaceae, tribe Malinae, comprising a number of deciduous simple or lobe-leaved species formerly lumped together within Sorbus s.l. Many whitebeams are the result of extensive intergeneric hybridisation involving the genera Sorbus (Sorbus aucuparia in particular), Aria, Torminalis and Chamaemespilus. As an effect, they are commonly apomicts (reproducing solely asexually) and many have very restricted ranges. The best known species is the common whitebeam (Aria edulis), a columnar tree which grows to 25 m (82 ft) tall by 10 m (33 ft) broad, with clusters of white flowers in spring followed by speckled red berries in autumn (fall).
James Alexander MacDonald
James Alexander MacDonald (October 1858 – December 20, 1939) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Rossland City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1903 to 1909 as a Liberal. MacDonald was the first leader of the British Columbia Liberal Party, serving from 1903 until 1909.

He was born in Huron County, Canada West and was educated in Stratford, Ontario, at the University of Toronto and at Osgoode Hall. MacDonald first set up practice in Toronto in 1890 and then moved to Rossland, British Columbia in 1896. He married Mary Richardson. In 1909, he was named Chief Justice in the British Columbia Court of Appeal. MacDonald served as Chief Justice of the British Columbia Supreme Court from 1929 until his retirement in 1937. He died two years later in Victoria at the age of 81.

Rossland, British Columbia
Rossland is in the West Kootenay region of south central British Columbia. High in the Monashee Mountains, the city lies immediately east of the intersections of BC highways 3B and 22. The facilities provide a winter base for the nearby multi-peak ski hills of the Red Mountain Resort.  In the non-winter months Rossland is frequented by mountain bikers, with golf and fishing options nearby as well.
Chréa
Chrea is a town in Algeria, located in Blida Province, Ouled Yaïch District, in a mountainous area named Tell Atlas, near Blida. It had a population of 783 in 2008.

In its municipality is situated the Chréa National Park, one of the largest national parks of the country, and a ski resort.

Within the national park is one of the few relict populations of the endangered primate, the Barbary macaque, Macaca sylvanus; this species of primate originally had a much wider range in Northern Algeria and Morocco.

Blida
Blida (Arabic: البليدة, romanized: al-bulaydah) is a city in Algeria. It is the capital of Blida Province, and it is located about 45 km south-west of Algiers, the national capital. The name Blida, i.e. bulaydah, is a diminutive of the Arabic word belda, city.
Greg Athans
Greg Athans (18 June 1955–8 August 2006) was a Canadian freestyle skier competing from 1976 to 1986 winning titles in multiple disciplines. Athans was also Canadian national waterskiing champion on fifteen occasions. He competed in the Canada Games, winning gold medals in the alpine slalom in 1971, and water skiing in 1973, becoming the first athlete to win gold medals at both the summer and winter games. In 1981, he was the best all-round competitor at the 1980 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup, winning the World Cup Grand Prix Award. He retired in 1982.

Athans published a book, Ski Free, detailing step-by-step instructions on how to perform freestyle moves.

Athans died as a result of complications from diabetes. He was inducted posthumously into the British Columbia Sports Hall of Fame in 2014.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Bridge in Tinicum Township
Bridge in Tinicum Township is a historic Pratt pony truss bridge located on Byram Road in Point Pleasant in Tinicum Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. It spans the Delaware Canal.  It has a single span with a length of 82 feet long, and was constructed in 1877.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988 for its significance in engineering.

Tinicum Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Tinicum Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,995 at the 2010 census.

The Uhlerstown-Frenchtown Bridge, a free Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission bridge over the Delaware River, connects Uhlerstown to Frenchtown in Hunterdon County, New Jersey. It is located approximately forty miles north of Center City, Philadelphia and forty miles west of the city limits of New York City.

This township includes both area codes 215/267/445 and 610/484. The township also has five different ZIP codes.
Sanremo Music Festival 1968
The Sanremo Music Festival 1968 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 1968), officially the 18th Italian Song Festival (18º Festival della canzone italiana), was the 18th annual Sanremo Music Festival, held at the Sanremo Casino in Sanremo, Italy, between 1 and 3 February 1968, and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). The show was presented by Pippo Baudo, assisted by actress Luisa Rivelli.

According to the rules of this edition every song was performed in a double performance by a couple of singers or groups. The winners of the festival were Sergio Endrigo and Roberto Carlos with the song "Canzone per te". Endrigo went was thus selected to represent Italy at the Eurovision Song Contest 1968, with "Marianne".

Sergio Endrigo
Sergio Endrigo (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛrdʒo enˈdriːɡo]; 15 June 1933 – 7 September 2005) was an Italian singer-songwriter.

Born in Pola, Istria in Italy (now Pula, Croatia), he has been often compared—for style and nature—to authors of the so-called "Genoa school" like Gino Paoli, Fabrizio De André, Luigi Tenco, and Bruno Lauzi.

He won the Sanremo Music Festival in 1968 with the song "Canzone per te", sung with Roberto Carlos. The same year he represented Italy at the Eurovision Song Contest 1968 with the song "Marianne." His hits also include "L'arca di Noè", "Io che amo solo te" and "Adesso sì".
Premiership of Doug Ford
Doug Ford is the 26th and current premier of Ontario (French: Premier ministre de l'Ontario), Canada. He won a majority in the 2018 Ontario general election, as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario (PCPO) caucus in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario and was sworn in as premier on June 29, 2018. He was re-elected with an increased majority in 2022, and again after calling a snap election for February 27, 2025.

Premier of Ontario
The premier of Ontario (French: premier ministre de l'Ontario) is the head of government of Ontario. Under the Westminster system, the premier governs with the confidence of a majority the elected Legislative Assembly; as such, the premier typically sits as a member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) and leads the largest party or a coalition of parties. As first minister, the premier selects ministers to form the Executive Council (provincial cabinet), and serves as its chair. Constitutionally, the Crown exercises executive power on the advice of the Executive Council, which is collectively responsible to the legislature.

Doug Ford is the 26th and current premier of Ontario. He took office on June 29, 2018, following the 2018 Ontario election where his Progressive Conservative (PC) party won a majority of seats in the Ontario Legislature.
Battle of Galați
The Battle of Galați was a military engagement between the formerly allied Romanian and Russian troops at the end of World War I, as the former sought to prevent the latter from retreating from the armistice line along with their equipment.

Siret (river)
The Siret or Sireth (Romanian: Siret, pronounced [siˈret]; Ukrainian: Сірет or Серет; Hungarian: Szeret) is a river that rises from the Carpathians in the Northern Bukovina region of Ukraine, and flows southward into Romania before it joins the Danube. It is 647 km (402 mi) long,: 9  of which a 559 km (347 mi) section is in Romania,: 9  and its basin area is 44,811 km2 (17,302 sq mi),: 6  of which 42,890 km2 (16,560 sq mi) in Romania.: 6  Its average discharge is 250 m3/s (8,800 cu ft/s).: 15  In ancient times, it was named Hierasus (Ancient Greek Ιερασός).
Higher Education Authority of Zambia
The Higher Education Authority (HEA) of Zambia was established under the Higher Education Act No. 4 of 2013 in order to provide quality assurance, regulation of private and public higher education institutions and registration of private higher education institutions.

The mandate of the Authority is to coordinate, regulate, supervise and monitor standards of higher education in Zambia.

Educational institution
An educational institution is a place where people of different ages gain an education, including preschools, childcare, primary-elementary schools, secondary-high schools, and universities.  They provide a large variety of learning environments and learning spaces.
Lebret, Saskatchewan
Lebret (2016 population: 216) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of North Qu'Appelle No. 187 and Census Division No. 6. The village is situated on Mission Lake of the Fishing Lakes in the Qu'Appelle Valley. Lebret is located along Highway 56, about 70 km (43 mi) northeast of the City of Regina. The village was named after "the parish priest, Father Louis Lebret, who became the first postmaster of the community and, although he only held the position for a little more than six months, the office was named Lebret and the name became that of the community."

Saskatchewan Highway 56
Highway 56 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The highway runs from Highway 1 near Indian Head to Highway 210 within Echo Valley Provincial Park. It is about 55 kilometres (34 mi) long.

Highway 56 travels along the eastern shore of Katepwa Lake and the northern shores of Mission and Echo Lakes of the Fishing Lakes.
Clematis pauciflora
Clematis pauciflora is a species of clematis known by the common name ropevine. This flowering plant is native to the high desert and chaparral slopes of southern California and Baja California. It is a woody vine with nodes every few centimeters which produce leaves and flowers. The leaves are made up of several dark green lobed leaflets, each one to three centimeters wide. From each leaf-bearing node grows an inflorescence of one to three flowers with narrow petallike sepals in shades of light yellow. Most of the flower is made up of a spray of up to 50 stamens and almost as many similar-looking pistils. The fruit is an achene equipped with a long plume-like style. The specific epithet pauciflora is Latin for 'few-flowered'.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
2015 World RX of Norway
The 2015 World RX of Norway (formally the 2015 NAF World RX of Norway) was the eighth round of the second season of the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The event was held at the Lånkebanen in Hell, Nord-Trøndelag.

Hell, Norway
Hell (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈhɛlː], Trøndersk: [ˈheʎ]) is a village in Stjørdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It lies at the foot of the valley of Stjørdalen, where the Stjørdalselva empties into the Trondheim Fjord, about 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the town of Stjørdalshalsen. The 1.26-square-kilometre (310-acre) village had a population of 1,921 in 2023, with a density of 1,525 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,950/sq mi).

Hell is a post town with two post codes: 7517 for delivery route addresses and 7570 for post-office boxes. Hell currently has a grocery store, gas station, a fast food shop, and a retirement home. Until late 1995, the E6 highway bisected the village before proceeding across the bridge of Hell to Sandfærhus (the site of Trondheim Airport). The new highway (completed in 1995) goes around the village.
1906 Ole Miss Rebels football team
The 1906 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi during the 1906 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Games with Tennessee on October 27 and with Arkansas on November 17 were canceled. This the first season of the legal forward pass.  James C. Elmer of Ole Miss caught the first forward pass in the history of the Egg Bowl rivalry. Elmer's kicking accounted for 13 points in a 29–5 rout. For the first time the game marked the end of the season for not one but both teams.

1906 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1906 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1906 college football season.  James DePree served his second and final season as head coach at Tennessee. Roscoe Word, a three-time captain for the Volunteers, became the team's first assistant coach.
Dan Ormsbee
Daniel Wilt Ormsbee (March 4, 1884 – April 3, 1985) was an American architect. With John Branner and Shirley Baker he submitted a design for the Stanford Stadium into the town planning category of the art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics, but did not win a medal. He was born in Nord, California and attended California State University, Chico. In 1923 he and Baker opened the private engineering firm Baker & Ormsbee and ran it for a decade. Ormsbee moved to Colorado in 1933 to take up a job with the Colorado State Highway Department (now the Colorado Department of Transportation). At the time of his retirement in 1955 he was District Engineer in charge of the Valley Highway portion of Interstate 25 in Colorado. He died at the age of 101 in April 1985.

California State University, Chico
California State University, Chico (Chico State) is a public university in Chico, California, United States. It was founded in 1887 as one of about 180 "normal schools" founded by state governments in the 19th century to train teachers for the rapidly growing public common schools. Some closed but most steadily expanded their role and became state colleges in the early 20th century and state universities in the late 20th century. It is the second oldest campus in the California State University system. As of the fall 2020 semester, the university had a total enrollment of 16,630 students. The university offers 126 bachelor's degree programs, 35 master's degree programs, and four types of teaching credentials. Chico is a Hispanic-serving institution (HSI).
Judea Lyaboloma Constituency
Judea Lyaboloma is a constituency in Namibia's Zambezi Region. The administrative centre of the constituency is the settlement of Sangwali, situated 130 kilometres south-west of the region's capital, Katima Mulilo. It has a population of 8,738 and covers an area of 1,723 km², resulting in a population density of approximately 5.071/km².

Katima Mulilo
Katima Mulilo, or simply Katima is the capital of the Zambezi Region in Namibia. It had 46,401 inhabitants in 2023, and comprises two electoral constituencies, Katima Mulilo Rural and Katima Mulilo Urban. It is located  on the B8 national road on the banks of the Zambezi River in the Caprivi Strip in lush riverine vegetation with tropical birds and monkeys. The town receives annual average rainfall of 654 millimetres (25.7 in).

The nearest Namibian town to Katima Mulilo is Rundu, about 500 km away. About 40 km east of Katima Mulilo lies the village of Bukalo, where the road to Ngoma branches off and joins Namibia to Botswana.
IEEE 802.11i-2004
IEEE 802.11i-2004, or 802.11i for short, is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11, implemented as Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2). The draft standard was ratified on 24 June 2004.  This standard specifies security mechanisms for wireless networks, replacing the short Authentication and privacy clause of the original standard with a detailed Security clause.  In the process, the amendment deprecated broken Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), while it was later incorporated into the published IEEE 802.11-2007 standard.

Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network (LAN) within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building. This gives users the ability to move around within the area and remain connected to the network. Through a gateway, a WLAN can also provide a connection to the wider Internet.

Wireless LANs based on the IEEE 802.11 standards are the most widely used computer networks in the world. These are commonly called Wi-Fi, which is a trademark belonging to the Wi-Fi Alliance. They are used for home and small office networks that link together laptop computers, printers, smartphones, Web TVs and gaming devices through a wireless network router, which in turn may link them to the Internet. Hotspots provided by routers at restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, libraries, and airports allow consumers to access the internet with portable wireless devices.
MAGSTEC
MAGSTEC was a one-of-a-kind computer built by ERA for the US Navy. The machine was an experiment in using magnetic amplifiers for computer use. The US Air Force later contracted Univac, who had purchased ERA, to build the same basic architecture using transistors in place of the mag amps, creating TRANSTEC.

UNIVAC
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was a line of electronic digital stored-program computers starting with the products of the Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation. After capturing the public imagination with the use of the UNIVAC I during the 1952 US Presidential election it was decided to extend the branding to all machines made by the other computing divisions of the Remington Rand company (Engineering Research Associates and the Norwalk Laboratory of Remington Rand).

Subsequently after the merger of Remington Rand with the Sperry Corporation (under name of Sperry Rand) in 1955, it was decided to merge all three divisions along with Remington Rand's tabulator division into one unified organization under the name of the Univac division. This name would persist until the mid 1980's when it would be renamed to the Sperry Computer Systems Division, the last UNIVAC-badged system was the UNIVAC 1100/90 which was announced in 1982 and first shipped in late 1983.
Shawclough and Healey railway station
Shawclough & Healey railway station served the townships of Shawclough and Healey in Rochdale, now in the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England, from 1870 until closure in 1947.

Healey, Greater Manchester
Healey is part of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. Historically part of Lancashire, it includes Shawclough, Syke and Nook Farm and the rest of the land known as Healey on the right side of Whitworth Road (A671) after Gale Street up to Healey Corner (Whitworth/Rochdale boundary). The population of this Rochdale ward at the 2011 census was 10,411.
Richardson-Jakway House
The Richardson-Jakway House is a historic residence located south of Aurora, Iowa, United States.  Maine native Abiathar Richardson settled in Buchanan County in 1849 and built this house in 1851.  It is a 1½-story heavy timber framed vernacular house.   In 1857 he then laid out the town of Buffalo Grove on his property.  It was later called Buchanan and then Mudville.  Richardson was the first postmaster, and it is thought his house served as the first post office and possibly as a hotel.  The town started to decline rapidly when the railroad went to the north in 1886 and Aurora was established.  It became part of a farmstead after the town disappeared.  The house stayed in the Richardson family until 1895 when Charles Jakway bought it.  The Jakway family retained it until 1967.  The Buchanan County Conservation Commission acquired it in 1969, and it is now a part of Jakway Forest County Park.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Aurora, Iowa
Aurora is a city in Buchanan County, Iowa, United States. The population was 169 in the 2020 census, a decline from 194 in 2000.

Aurora was founded in 1886 by the Chicago Great Western Railway, and incorporated in 1899. The town was laid out on land donated by a Bishop Warren and his wife Alice, and is named after Warren's birthplace of East Aurora, New York.
Ashley Lobo
Ashley Lobo is an Indian-Australian choreographer of Goan origin and is considered to be a spearhead of international dance in India. He was also one of the three judges for the Indian reality dance talent show India's Dancing Superstar on Star Plus.
He is the Founder of The Danceworx and the Founder & Artistic Director of Navdhara India Dance Theatre.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Fits (album)
Fits is White Denim's second LP on European label Full Time Hobby Records, following up the critically acclaimed releases of 2008's EU debut Workout Holiday and US debut Exposion. The band's third full-length album was released in Europe on June 22, 2009, and was released in the United States on October 20, 2009, on Downtown Records.

Prior to the album's release, on April 24, 2009, NME posted the song "Mirrored and Reverse" on their website, giving fans their first taste of Fits. On June 8, 2009, Dallas-based music blog Gorilla vs. Bear released the song "I Start To Run." A week before the album's official release, NME allowed readers to stream the entire album via their website.

Downtown Records
Downtown Records is an American record label based in New York City with offices in Los Angeles. Owned and operated by Josh Deutsch and Terence Lam, the label is distributed by Interscope Capitol Labels Group (formerly Geffen Records and Interscope Records) in the US, in the UK distributed by Polydor Records, and in the EU distributed by The Orchard.

Downtown's roster includes artists such as Nick Murphy, Brett Dennen, Electric Guest, Tei Shi, Goldroom and Tommy Genesis.