hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Torture in Turkey
The widespread and systematic use of torture in Turkey goes back to the Ottoman Empire. After the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, torture of civilians by the Turkish Armed Forces and Turkish police was widespread during the Dersim rebellion. The Sansaryan Han police headquarters  and Harbiye Military Prison in Istanbul became known for torture in the 1940s. Amnesty International (AI) first documented Turkish torture after the 1971 Turkish coup d'état and has continued to issue critical reports, particularly after the outbreak of the Kurdish-Turkish conflict in the 1980s. The Committee for the Prevention of Torture has issued critical reports on the extent of torture in Turkey since the 1990s. The Stockholm Center for Freedom published a report entitled Mass Torture and Ill-Treatment in Turkey in June 2017. The Human Rights Foundation of Turkey estimates there are around one million victims of torture in Turkey.

Harbiye, Şişli
Harbiye is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şişli, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,157 (2022).

The neighbourhood takes its name from the Mekteb-i Harbiye (Ottoman War Academy) that functioned here for many years, albeit with intervals, in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Harbiye is separated from Kurtuluş to the west by busy Cumhuriyet Caddesi (Independence Street). To its north are the upmarket neighbourhoods of Nişantaşı and Teşvikiye, while to its east is leafy Maçka. To its south are the heavily built-up Elmadağ and Taksim neighbourhoods.

The nearest Metro station to Harbiye is Osmanbey on the M2 line but many buses and dolmuşes plough up and down Cumhuriyet Caddesi.
Them Changes (Thundercat song)
"Them Changes" is a song by American musician Thundercat. It was first released on June 18, 2015, as a single from his EP The Beyond / Where the Giants Roam. The track, which Thundercat co-wrote with producer Flying Lotus, was later included on Thundercat's full-length album Drunk, released on February 24, 2017.

A funk and psychedelic jazz song with elements of pop and R&B, "Them Changes" features a sampled beat from the 1977 song "Footsteps in the Dark" by the Isley Brothers. "Them Changes" was accompanied by a music video directed by Carlos López Estrada. In October 2022, after a sped-up remix of the song went viral on TikTok, an official "Sped Up" version of the song was released on digital platforms.

Footsteps in the Dark
"Footsteps in the Dark" is a 1977 slow jam recorded by The Isley Brothers as an album track featured on the group's album Go for Your Guns. It was the B-side to "Groove with You", which reached number 16 on the R&B singles chart. The song is noted for its unique guitar timbre which can be heard on other Isley Brother tracks such as "Voyage to Atlantis", as well as marking Ron Isley's growing transition into singing more ballads compared to the band's earlier funk approach.

Since the 1990s, it has been sampled in numerous other songs, predominantly in the R&B and hip hop genres. Most famously, it was used in "It Was a Good Day" by California-based rapper Ice Cube.
Matthew Powell (Australian footballer)
Matthew Powell (born 27 September 1973) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Adelaide in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Powell was recruited from South Adelaide, with the 56th selection of the 1992 AFL draft and played two league games in 1993. Over the next two season he made 14 appearances, seven each year, but didn't do enough to stay on Adelaide's list.

He kept playing SANFL football until retiring at the end of the 2004 season. In 2002 he was a member of the Sturt which ended their 26-year premiership drought. Playing as a defender, he was awarded the Jack Oatey Medal for his grand final performance.

His son Tom Powell also played for Sturt and was drafted by North Melbourne in the 2020 AFL draft.

2020 AFL draft
The 2020 AFL draft consisted of the various periods where the 18 clubs in the Australian Football League (AFL) could trade and recruit players following the completion of the 2020 AFL season.

Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the National, Pre-season and Rookie drafts were held as a "virtual event" on 9 and 10 December.
Trithiolane
In the area of organosulfur chemistry, trithiolane refers to either of two families of heterocycles with the C2S3 rings:

1,2,3-trithiolanes with a C-C bond

parent: 1,2,3-trithiolane (registry number 6669–39–2), colorless liquid, boiling point = 224 °C

1,2,4-trithiolanes with only one S-S bond

parent: 1,2,4-trithiolane (registry number 289–16–7), colorless solid, melting point 74-75 °C

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Real World Studios
51°25′08″N 2°15′09″W﻿ / ﻿51.4189°N 2.2525°W﻿ / 51.4189; -2.2525

Real World Studios is a residential recording studio complex founded by Peter Gabriel and situated in the old Box Mill building in the village of Box, Wiltshire, England, near to the city of Bath. It is closely associated with the Real World Records record label, Real World Publishing, and the WOMAD Festival, whose offices are also based at the complex.

Bybrook River
The Bybrook, also known as the By Brook, is a small river in England. It is a tributary of the Bristol Avon and is some 12 miles (19 km) long. Its sources are the Burton Brook and the Broadmead Brook, which rise in South Gloucestershire at Tormarton and Cold Ashton respectively, and join just north of Castle Combe in Wiltshire. The river has a mean flow rate of 57.25 cubic feet per second (1.621 m3/s) as recorded at Middlehill near Box. A variety of flora and fauna is supported by the river including the endangered white-clawed crayfish. Twenty watermill sites have been identified on the river but none now remain in use.
KISD (FM)
KISD (98.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an oldies format. The station serves the Pipestone and Worthington areas, with rimshot coverage in the Marshall and Sioux Falls areas. The station is currently owned by Collin Christensen and Carmen Christensen, through licensee Christensen Broadcasting, LLC. KISD derives a portion of its programming from Scott Shannon's The True Oldies Channel from ABC Radio.

Marshall, Minnesota
Marshall is a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,628 at the 2020 census and 13,906 as of 2023 estimates. Marshall is a regional center in southwest Minnesota, and the county seat of Lyon County. It is the headquarters of the Schwan Food Company and the home of Southwest Minnesota State University.
Qiwllaqucha (Cayrán-Chaulán)
Qillwaqucha (Quechua qillwa, qiwlla, qiwiña gull, qucha lake, "gull lake", also spelled Quiuluacocha) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,200 m (13,800 ft). It is located in the Huánuco Region, Huánuco Province, on the border of the districts of Cayrán and Chaulán. It lies southwest of Munti Wasi and a mountain named Yawarqucha ("blood lake").

Department of Huánuco
Huánuco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈwanuko]; Quechua: Wanuku) is a department of Peru. It is bordered by the La Libertad, San Martín, Loreto and Ucayali departments in the north, Ucayali to the east, Pasco to the south and Lima and Ancash to the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Huánuco.

Huánuco has a rugged topography, comprising parts of the Sierra and the High Jungle (mountain rim) regions. Being equidistant from the north and the south of the country, it has the privilege of having a mild weather with an average annual temperature of 20 °C (68 °F).

This region is important for its geographical location, history, and for the richness of its land, where the presence of man goes back to ancient times. El Hombre de Lauricocha (Man of Lauricocha) is among the most distinctive examples, dating from 10,000 BC, as well as Kotosh, where vestiges of the oldest settlement in the Americas (4200 BC) took place.
Max Simon
Max Otto Simon (6 January 1899 – 1 February 1961) was a German SS commander and war criminal during World War II. Simon was one of the first members of the SS in the early 1930s. He rose through the ranks of the SS, and became a corps commander during World War II. After the war, Simon was convicted for his role in the Marzabotto massacre and the Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre. Initially sentenced to death, his sentence was reduced to life imprisonment, and he was released in 1954. Despite being tried three more times in a West German court for war crimes, he was acquitted and died a free man in 1961.

German Cross
The War Order of the German Cross (German: Der Kriegsorden Deutsches Kreuz), normally abbreviated to the German Cross or Deutsches Kreuz, was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 28 September 1941. It was awarded in two divisions: in gold for repeated acts of bravery or military leadership; and in silver for distinguished non-combat war service. The German Cross in Gold ranked higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, while the German Cross in Silver ranked higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords.
Nomazaki Lighthouse
Nomazaki Lighthouse (野間埼灯台, Nomazaki tōdai) or just Noma Lighthouse is a lighthouse  in town of Mihama, Chita District, Aichi, Japan built during the Taishō period, located on Chita Peninsula in Mikawa Bay.

Mikawa Bay
Mikawa Bay (三河湾 Mikawa-wan) is a bay to the south of Aichi Prefecture, Japan, surrounded by Chita Peninsula to the west and Atsumi Peninsula to the east and south. Its area is approximately 604 km2. Pollution of the shallow, enclosed waters of the bay has become a concern in recent years.
Appley Towers
Appley Towers, also at various times called Apley Towers or Appley Towers House was an English country house near Appley House in Appley, Isle of Wight. It was the home of the Hutt family, who bought it in the 1870s, and later of Sir Hedworth Williamson. The house has been demolished, but a number of its estate buildings survive.

Williamson baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Williamson, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. As of 2026 one is extant.

Williamson baronets of East Markham (1642)

Williamson baronets of Glenogil (1909): see Baron Forres
Agthori railway station
Agthori Railway Station is a small railway station in Guwahati, Assam. Its code is AGT. It serves Guwahati City. The station consists of 2 platforms and is located next to the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati.

The station is located on the New Bongaigaon–Guwahati section of the Barauni–Guwahati line. It is located at a distance of 13.9 km from the Guwahati railway station.

It is also connected to the Amingaon Container Depot of Container Corporation of India via a line of approximately 686 m in length.

The station is currently not served by any long-distance trains and is served by only passenger trains, which are as follows:

55801/55802 Manas Rhino Passenger

55753/55754 Shifung Passenger

55801/55810 Guwahati–New Bongaigaon Passenger

The station serves the areas of North Guwahati, Amingaon and Hajo.

Container Corporation of India
Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR) is an Indian public sector undertaking which is engaged in transportation and handling of containers. Incorporated in March 1988 under the Companies Act, CONCOR commenced operations in November 1989 taking over an existing network of seven inland container depots (ICDs) from Indian Railways.
Groupe Atlantic
The Groupe Atlantic is a French HVAC company. It was founded in la Roche-sur-Yon (in Vendée region on the west coast of France) by Mr Radat and Mr Lamoure in 1968. Groupe Atlantic is based in 10 countries with over 20 factories.
The company has 20 factories, 10 of which are located outside France, and approximately 6,500 employees (as of March 2017), of which approximately 2,900 are outside France Groupe Atlantic also own Ideal Boilers located in Hull, UK.

La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon (pronounced [la ʁɔʃ syʁ jɔ̃]) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is the capital of the department. The demonym for its inhabitants is Yonnais.

Known for its historical significance and cultural heritage, La Roche-sur-Yon also houses a wide range of educational institutions, from primary schools to higher education establishments.
Iwamigata Jōemon
Iwamigata Jōemon (Japanese: 岩見潟 丈右エ門; 1785 – February 8, 1835) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Muko District, Settsu Province (now Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture). His highest rank was ōzeki. He is the first wrestler from Hyōgo Prefecture to have been promoted to this rank and the last until the promotion of Ōnaruto II in 1890, 69 years later.

Nishinomiya
Nishinomiya (西宮市, Nishinomiya-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 484,368 in 218,948 households and a population density of 4,800 persons per km². The total area of the city is 99.98 square kilometres (38.60 sq mi). Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the Kansai region with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. Nishinomiya is best known as the home of Koshien Stadium, where the Hanshin Tigers baseball team plays home games and where Japan's annual high school baseball championship is held.
Afiq Noor
Muhammad Afiq bin Mat Noor (born 25 December 1993) is a Singaporean professional footballer who played as a central midfielder for Singapore Premier League club Hougang United FC. A versatile player, Afiq is capable of play as a winger, striker, full-back and occasionally as a centre-back.

Hougang United FC
Hougang United Football Club is a professional football club based in Hougang, Singapore. The club competes in the Singapore Premier League, the top tier of Singaporean football. Founded in 1998 as Marine Castle United, the club changed its name to Hougang United in 2011. Nicknamed the Cheetahs, Hougang United has played its home games at Jalan Besar Stadium since its formation.

Currently, the club is playing its home games at the Bishan Stadium, as the Hougang Stadium is undergoing renovation.
Rodney Whitchelo
Rodney Whitchelo (born 1947) is a British law enforcement officer and criminal convicted of blackmail and food contamination. He poisoned baby products as part of a plot to extort Heinz, causing a baby food scare in 1989. Whitchelo, who was dubbed the "consumer terrorist", committed his crimes while serving as a detective of the Scotland Yard.

Baby food
Baby food is any soft, easily consumed food other than breastmilk or infant formula that is made specifically for human babies between six months and two years old. The food comes in many varieties and flavors that are purchased ready-made from producers, or it may be table food eaten by the family that has been mashed or otherwise broken down.
2004 Heineken Open – Doubles
David Adams and Robbie Koenig were the defending champions of the doubles event of the Heineken Open tennis tournament, held in Auckland, New Zealand, but only Koenig competed that year with Petr Pála. Koenig and Pála lost in the first round to Jan-Michael Gambill and Brian MacPhie.

Mahesh Bhupathi and Fabrice Santoro won in the final 4–6, 7–5, 6–3 against Jiří Novák and Radek Štěpánek.

Petr Pála
Petr Pála (born 2 October 1975) is a tennis coach and former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. Together with Pavel Vízner he reached the men's doubles final of the 2001 French Open but lost to Indians Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes (6–7, 3–6).

Pála was coached by his father František, who was a professional tennis player on the ATP tour.

Pála never had the opportunity to do his singles ability justice on the ATP Tour due to injury. When he recovered from these injuries he returned immediately to the doubles tour, but could not gain entry to official ATP matches.

Pála became the non-playing captain of the Czech Republic Fed Cup team in December 2007. Since then, he has led the Fed Cup team to world titles in 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018, becoming the most successful Fed Cup team captain of all time.
Aurangabad Airport
Aurangabad Airport (IATA: IXU, ICAO: VAAU) is a customs airport serving the city of Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. It is located at Chikalthana, about 5.5 km (3.4 mi) east of the city centre and 11 km from Aurangabad Railway Station, along the Aurangabad–Nagpur State Highway. The airport is owned and operated by the Airports Authority of India, with one passenger terminal covering 190,000 square feet of floor area and two aerobridges.

In March 2020, the Government of Maharashtra proposed to rename the airport as Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj Airport after the Maratha ruler Sambhaji. In December 2025, the Government of India released an order for the airport to be renamed as Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Airport. However, as it differed from the original proposal of the state government, and the renaming was later put on hold by the Airports Authority of India.

Jet bridge
A jet bridge is an enclosed connector which most commonly extends from an airport terminal gate to an airplane, and in some instances from a port to a boat or ship, allowing passengers to board and disembark without heading outside and being exposed to harsh weather. Depending on building design, sill heights, fueling positions, and operational requirements, a jet bridge may be fixed or movable, swinging radially, or extending in length. The jetway was invented by Frank Der Yuen.

Similar devices are used for astronauts to enter spacecraft, which are installed at the appropriate height of the launch tower.
The Railway Viaduct
The Railway Viaduct is the third title in the Railway Detective series of detective mystery novels written by Keith Miles under the pseudonym Edward Marston. Set in 1852, it is about a murder on a train which is investigated and ultimately solved by two Scotland Yard detectives, Inspector Robert Colbeck and Sergeant Victor Leeming. The title place is the Sankey Viaduct on the former Liverpool and Manchester Railway. The novel was published in 2006 by Allison & Busby of London. The graphic on the book cover is from T. T. Bury's 1831 depiction called Viaduct across the Sankey Valley in his Liverpool and Manchester Railway series of paintings. According to the publishers in a 2018 news release, the series has been optioned for television adaptation by Mammoth Screen.

Keith Miles
Keith Miles (born 1940) is a Welsh writer of historical fiction and mystery novels. He has also written children's books, radio and television dramas and stage plays. He is best known under the pseudonym Edward Marston, and has also written as Martin Inigo and Conrad Allen.
Thomas Buchecker Cooper
Thomas Buchecker Cooper (December 29, 1823 – April 4, 1862) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Thomas B. Cooper was born in Coopersburg, Pennsylvania.  He attended the public schools and Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.  He graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia in 1843 and commenced practice in Coopersburg.

Cooper was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-seventh Congress and served until his death in Coopersburg in 1862.  Interment is in Woodland Cemetery.

Perelman School of Medicine
The Perelman School of Medicine, previously the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (Penn Med), is the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy league research university in Philadelphia. Founded in 1765, it is the oldest medical school in the United States.

As of 2024, the school has about 2,900 faculty members and nearly $1 billion in annual sponsored program awards.
James Harris (rugby union)
James Harris (born 26 August 1987) is a Welsh rugby union player. He was educated at Eltham College and the University of Oxford, where he played on the winning university team in the 2012 and 2013 Varsity Matches. In the 2013 match he was substituted after suffering a dislocated hip in the first half, which later required surgery.

Harris plays in the position of flanker. He was selected for the Wales national rugby sevens team squad in 2007 and has also represented Wales Under-20s. He played for Bedwas RFC, before joining Newport Gwent Dragons regional team on 30 September 2006. He was released by Newport Gwent Dragons in August 2010 and joined the Blackheath Rugby Club. In August 2011 he joined London Wasps, where he played until 2012.

Blackheath F.C.
51°27′29″N 0°02′46″E﻿ / ﻿51.458°N 0.046°E﻿ / 51.458; 0.046

Blackheath Football Club is a rugby union club based in Well Hall, Eltham, in south-east London. The club was founded in Blackheath in 1858 and is the oldest open rugby club in continuous existence in the world. The Blackheath club also assisted in organising the world's first rugby international (between England and Scotland in Edinburgh on 27 March 1871) and hosted the first international between England and Wales ten years later – the players meeting and getting changed at the Princess of Wales public house. Blackheath, along with Civil Service F.C., is one of the two clubs that can claim to be a founder member of both The Football Association and the Rugby Football Union.

The club currently plays in National League 1, the third tier of the English rugby union system, with matches played at Well Hall after a move from Rectory Field in Blackheath at the end of the 2015–16 season.
Coolbits
Coolbits was a Windows registry hack for Nvidia graphics cards Windows drivers, that allows tweaking features via the Nvidia driver control panel (including overclocking).
There is also a Coolbits 2.0, with extra features.
These features provided by Coolbits are considered expert-only and thus the reason they are normally hidden in the control panel.

Below is the main Coolbits activation entry in the registry:

It is also available on Unix-like systems running the X Window System by setting the "Coolbits" option to "5" in the configuration file. Using "28" instead of "5" will enable additional overclocking features.

Xorg.conf
The file xorg.conf is a file used for configuring the X.Org Server. While typically located in /etc/X11/xorg.conf, its location may vary across operating system distributions (See manual, "man xorg.conf" for details and further possible locations).

For a long time, editing xorg.conf was necessary for advanced input devices and multiple monitor output to work correctly. In modern systems this is seldom necessary due to input hotplugging and the XRandR extension integrated into new X.org releases. Some devices still require manual editing, notably components utilizing proprietary drivers may require explicit configuration, in order for Xorg to load them.