hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constantine III of Scotland
Constantine, son of Cuilén (Middle Gaelic: Causantín mac Cuiléin; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Chailein), known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine III (c. 970 – 997), was king of Alba (Scotland) from 995 to 997. He was the son of King Cuilén. John of Fordun calls him, in Latin, Constantinus Calvus, which translates to Constantine the Bald. (Middle Gaelic: Causantín  In Maol) Benjamin Hudson notes that insular authors from Ireland and Scotland typically identified rulers by sobriquets, noting for example the similarly named Eugenius Calvus (Owain Foel), an 11th century King of Strathclyde.

Owain Foel
Owain Foel (fl. 1018), also known as Owain Moel, Owain the Bald, Owen the Bald, and Eugenius Calvus, was an eleventh-century King of Strathclyde. He may have been a son of Máel Coluim, son of Dyfnwal ab Owain, two other rulers of the Kingdom of Strathclyde. Owain Foel is recorded to have supported the Scots at the Battle of Carham in 1018. Although it is possible that he died in the conflict, no source states as much, and it is uncertain when he died. Owain Foel may be an ancestor—perhaps the father—of a certain Máel Coluim who is described as the "son of the king of the Cumbrians" in the 1050s.
Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.

Art of ancient Egypt
Ancient Egyptian art refers to art produced in ancient Egypt between the 6th millennium BC and the 4th century AD, spanning from Prehistoric Egypt until the Christianization of Roman Egypt. It includes paintings, sculptures, drawings on papyrus, faience, jewelry, ivories, architecture, and other art media. It was a conservative tradition whose style changed very little over time. Much of the surviving examples comes from tombs and monuments, giving insight into the ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs.

The ancient Egyptian language had no word for "art". Artworks served an essentially functional purpose that was bound with religion and ideology. To render a subject in art was to grant it permanence; thus, ancient Egyptian art portrayed an idealized and unrealistic version of the world. There was no significant tradition of individual artistic expression since art served a wider and cosmic purpose of maintaining order (Ma'at).
Nore pearl mussel
The Nore pearl mussel (Margaritifera durrovensis) is a critically endangered species of freshwater pearl mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusc in the family Margaritiferidae.

The species is endemic to Ireland and was first identified by R.A. Phillips in 1926, who later declared it a new species in Volume 18 of the Proceedings of the Malacological Society. This designation was controversial, and the taxonomic status of the Nore pearl mussel remains inconclusive. It is often described as a rare ecophenotype of M. margaritifera. The European Union's Habitats Directive on the conservation of natural habitats and wild fauna placed Margaritifera durrovensis on Annex II and Annex V as a separate taxon.

Margaritiferidae
Margaritiferidae is a family of medium-sized freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve molluscs in the order Unionida. It is the most threatened of all unionid families.

The family is sometimes referred to as the freshwater pearl mussel family, but "freshwater pearl mussel" more often applies to the species Margaritifera margaritifera. The name refers to the thick layer of nacre (mother of pearl) lining the interior of the shell of the species, which enables them to produce pearls.
Polisse
Polisse (released at some film festivals as Poliss, French pronunciation: [pɔˈlis]) is a 2011 French crime drama film written, directed by and starring Maïwenn. It also stars Joeystarr, Karin Viard, Marina Foïs, Nicolas Duvauchelle, Emmanuelle Bercot and Riccardo Scamarcio. The film centres on the Child Protection Unit (Brigade de Protection des Mineurs) of the Paris Police, and a photographer who is assigned to cover the unit. The title is derived from Maïwenn's son's misspelling of the word "police".

The film won the Jury Prize at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and in 2012, received 
thirteen nominations in the 37th César Awards.

Karin Viard
Karin Viard (French: [ka.ʁin vjaʁ]; born 24 January 1966) is a French actress.  She made her film debut in Tatie Danielle in 1990. She has appeared in films such as Delicatessen, L'Emploi du temps, Adultère, mode d'emploi and La parenthèse enchantée.

Viard was a member of the 2003 Cannes Film Festival jury.
American classical guitar music
American classical guitar music refers to the evolution of the classical guitar tradition in the United States, where techniques from European classical music merged with American cultural influences to create a unique approach in performance, composition and pedagogy. Over the past two centuries, American guitarists have adapted, expanded and redefined classical guitar music—transforming the instrument from a domestic salon favorite into a concert and academic staple.

Yale School of Music
The Yale School of Music (often abbreviated to YSM) is one of the 12 professional schools at Yale University. It offers three graduate degrees: Master of Music (MM), Master of Musical Arts (MMA), and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA), as well as a joint Bachelor of Arts—Master of Music program in conjunction with Yale College, a Certificate in Performance, and an artist diploma.

Yale is the only Ivy League school with a dedicated School of Music; the university also has a separate Department of Music in the Division of Humanities of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The School of Music originated in 1855 with a gift of $5,000 from Joseph Battell and conferred its first degrees in 1894; it has a separate endowment, and as a result of a 2005 gift waives tuition and gives students maintenance grants.

José García-León, formerly dean of academic affairs and assessment at Juilliard, succeeded Robert Blocker as dean of the Yale School of Music in fall 2023.
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian  Keemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika Instituut, or KBFI) is public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research and engages in the development of the novel directions in material sciences, physics, chemistry, gene- and biotechnology, environmental technology, and computer science. in  Estonia, Tallinn at the address Akadeemia tee 23.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Theudius
Theudius is a Greek mathematician of 4th century BCE, born in Magnesia, a member of the Platonic Academy and a contemporary of Aristotle. He is only known from Proclus’ commentary to Euclid, where Theudius is said to have had "a reputation for excellence in mathematics as in the rest of philosophy, for he produced admirable "Elements" and made many partial theorems more general".

The "Elements" of Theudius are probably the source for Aristotle's mathematical examples.

Magnesia ad Sipylum
Magnesia ad Sipylum (Greek: Mαγνησία ἡ πρὸς Σιπύλῳ or Mαγνησία ἡ ἐπὶ Σιπύλου; modern Manisa, Turkey) was a city of Lydia, situated about 65 km northeast of Smyrna (now İzmir) on the river Hermus (now Gediz) at the foot of Mount Sipylus. The city should not be confused with its older neighbor, Magnesia on the Maeander, both founded by colonists from the Greek region of Magnesia.
Alfred Jabu Numpang
Alfred Jabu Numpang (born 26 October 1940) was a Malaysian politician who served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sarawak as well as Member of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Layar from September 1974 until his quit from politics in May 2016. He has been also served as Member of Parliament for Betong from June 1982 to July 1986.

Cabinet of Sarawak
The cabinet of Sarawak (Malay: Kabinet Sarawak) serves as the primary decision-making body within the executive branch of the Government of Sarawak. Its composition mirrors that of the federal level, albeit on a smaller scale. At its core is the Premier, appointed by the Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Governor) based on their ability to secure majority support in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly. The Cabinet comprises ministers drawn from the legislative body, appointed by the Premier's recommendation.

Much like at the federal level, each Cabinet minister heads a specific ministry. However, due to variations in federal and state jurisdictions, certain portfolios may differ between the two levels of government.
BXC Solar Power Station
BXC Solar Power Station, also Onyandze Solar Power Station, is an operational 20 megawatt solar power plant in Ghana. The solar farm was developed, financed and is owned and operated by Beijing Xiaocheng Company, a Chinese independent power producer (IPP). The power station, commercially commissioned in April 2016, was the largest grid-ready IPP solar farm in Ghana, at that time. The energy generated at this power station is evacuated via a high voltage transmission line to a substation at Winneba Roundabout, where it enters the national grid.

Independent power producer
An independent power producer (IPP) or non-utility generator (NUG) is an entity that is not a public utility but owns facilities to generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users. NUGs may be privately held facilities, corporations, cooperatives such as rural solar or wind energy producers, and non-energy industrial concerns capable of feeding excess energy into the system.

An independent water and power producer (IWPP) is similar to an IPP, but with a unified process to also output usable treated water.
Momordica balsamina
Momordica balsamina, known by the common name balsam apple, is a species of tendril-bearing annual vine native to tropical regions of Africa, as well as introduced and invasive in parts of Asia, Australia, Central America, and North America. In 1810, Thomas Jefferson planted this vine in his flower borders at his Virginia home of Monticello, along with larkspur, poppies, and nutmeg.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Moche Rip Curl Pro Portugal 2015
The Moche Rip Curl Pro Portugal 2015 was an event of the Association of Surfing Professionals for 2015 ASP World Tour.

This event was held from 20 to 31 October at Peniche, (Leiria, Portugal),  with 36 surfers competing.

The tournament was won by Filipe Toledo (BRA), who beat Italo Ferreira (BRA) in the final.

Filipe Toledo
Filipe Toledo (born 16 April 1995) is a Brazilian professional surfer who has competed on the World Surf League Men's World Tour since 2013. He is a second-generation pro who grew up outside of Ubatuba, Brazil, on the northeastern coast of the state of São Paulo. His father, and long-time coach, Ricardo, was a two-time national champion. In 2014, as his career took flight, Filipe convinced his entire family to move to San Clemente, California.

Toledo won the World Surf League championship in 2022 and 2023. He qualified for the 2024 Olympic Games.
Belovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast
Belovsky District (Russian: Бело́вский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the nineteen in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Belovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast.  The area of the district is 3,400 square kilometers (1,300 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Vishnevka. Population: 30,204 (2010 census); 33,382 (2002 Census); 25,815 (1989 Soviet census).

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.
Assis (footballer, born 1979)
Luciano Xavier Cunha, known as Assis (born 27 February 1979), is a Brazilian footballer.

Luciano made his professional debut for Iraty Sport Club in the Campeonato Paranaense. 
In August 2003 Luciano transferred to Spartak Ivano-Frankivsk. After, he played for L.D. Alajuelense in Costa Rica. Luciano was transferred from the United Arab Emirates side Dibba Al-Fujairah Cultural S.C. to Goiânia Esporte Clube on March 8, 2007 He spent the following season with Palmas Futebol e Regatas in the Campeonato Tocantinense.

Palmas Futebol e Regatas
Palmas Futebol e Regatas, commonly referred to as Palmas, is a Brazilian professional club based in Palmas, Tocantins, founded on 31 January 1997. It competes in the Campeonato Tocantinense, the top flight of the Tocantins state football league.
Imgu Pung clan
The Imgu Pung clan (Korean: 임구 풍씨; Hanja: 臨朐 馮氏) is a Korean clan (Bon-gwan). The clan was located in Linqu County, Weifang, Shandong, China.

According to research carried out in 2015, the Imgu Pung clan had 592 members. The clan was founded by Pung Sam sa who belonged to the Linqu people of the Ming dynasty. When the Ming dynasty was replaced by the Qing dynasty, Pung Sam sa was captured and detained in Shenyang. He was captured following his rebellion against the Qing dynasty, hoping to reinstate the Ming dynasty. Following his incarceration, he moved and was naturalized in Joseon with Hyojong of Joseon, who became a hostage during Qing invasion of Joseon.

Hyojong of Joseon
Hyojong (Korean: 효종; Hanja: 孝宗; 3 July 1619 – 23 June 1659), personal name Yi Ho (이호; 李淏), was the 17th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He is best known for his plan for an expedition to help China's Ming Dynasty fight against China's Qing dynasty, and his campaigns against the Tsardom of Russia at the orders of the Qing. His plan for the northern expedition was never put into action since he died before the campaign could start.
Canton of Aveyron et Tarn
The canton of Aveyron et Tarn is an administrative division of the Aveyron department, southern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Rieupeyroux.

It consists of the following communes:

Aveyron
Aveyron (French: [avɛʁɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Avairon [aβajˈɾu]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French. The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of 8,735 square kilometres (3,373 sq mi) and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 people/km2 (83 people/mi2).
Gratiana, Africa
Gratiana was an ancient city and bishopric in Roman Africa, which remains a latin catholic titular see.

Today Gratiana survives as a titular bishopric and the current archbishop, personal title, is Francisco Escalante Molina, apostolic nuncio to the Republic of the Congo and Gabon.

Byzacena
Byzacena (or Byzacium; Ancient Greek: Βυζάκιον, romanized: Byzakion) was a Late Roman province in the central part of Roman North Africa, which is now roughly Tunisia, split off from Africa Proconsularis.
Derby della Capitale
The Derby della Capitale (English: Derby of the capital city), also known as Derby Capitolino and Derby del Cupolone, as well as The Rome Derby in English and Derby di Roma in Italian, is the football local derby in Rome, Italy, between Lazio and Roma. It is considered to be one of the fiercest intra-city derbies in the country, along with the other major local derbies, Derby della Madonnina (Milan derby) and Derby della Mole (Turin derby), and one of the greatest and most hotly contested derbies in Europe.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
Morgan Larson (sailor)
Morgan Larson (born March 4, 1971) is an American sailor.

Larson was born in Santa Cruz, California, and attended the College of Charleston where he was the Collegiate Men's Singlehanded National Champion and three-time All-American sailor.

He has sailed in the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup with AmericaOne, the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup with One World Challenge and the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup with Victory Challenge. He sailed in the 2010 Louis Vuitton Trophy with Mascalzone Latino.

He has also participated in the Extreme Sailing Series as Tactician/Helm on Team Alinghi.

College of Charleston
The College of Charleston (CofC or Charleston) is a public university in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, it is the oldest university in South Carolina, the 13th-oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, and the country's oldest municipal college.

The founders of the College of Charleston included six Founding Fathers of the United States, including three who signed the Declaration of Independence: Thomas Heyward Jr., Arthur Middleton, and Edward Rutledge; and three who signed the Constitution of the United States: Charles Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, and John Rutledge.
Heroine (Sunmi song)
"Heroine" (Korean: 주인공; RR: Juingong, literally Protagonist) is a song recorded by South Korean singer Sunmi. It was released on January 18, 2018, by Makeus Entertainment and The Black Label and distributed by LOEN Entertainment, with its music video premiering the same day.

Following the success of her third solo release "Gashina", which articulated a cynical attitude in the aftermath of a breakup, Sunmi conceptualized "Heroine" as a prequel narrative to it. She drew inspiration from the Adrian Lyne film 9½ Weeks (1986), expressing a "show must go on" sentiment as the protagonist deals with a turbulent relationship.

Adrian Lyne
Adrian Lyne (born 4 March 1941) is an English film director. His films are known for sexually charged narratives that explore conflicting passions, the power of seduction, moral ambiguity, betrayal, and the indelibility of infidelity.

In the mid 1970s, he directed television commercials for  DIM Lingerie (France), before switching to feature-length films in 1980 with Foxes. He would later direct Flashdance, 9½ Weeks, Fatal Attraction, Jacob's Ladder, Indecent Proposal, Lolita, and Unfaithful. Lyne received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director for Fatal Attraction.
Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991 Tour
The Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991 Tour was a tour in support of the band's first post-plane crash album Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991. The tour took place in the United States, Canada and Europe.

The first show of the tour, in Baton Rouge, was the first time the band had sung its classic anthem "Free Bird" since the 1977 plane crash, which had occurred as the band flew to a show in Baton Rouge. Ticket holders for that 1977 show were admitted free.

Lynyrd Skynyrd plane crash
On October 20, 1977, a Convair CV-240 passenger aircraft ran out of fuel and crashed in a wooded area near Gillsburg, Mississippi, United States. Chartered by the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd from L & J Company of Addison, Texas, it was flying from Greenville, South Carolina, to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, crashing near its destination.

Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist and founding member Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist and vocalist Steve Gaines, backing vocalist Cassie Gaines (Steve's older sister), assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, Captain Walter McCreary, and First Officer William John Gray all died as a result of the crash, while twenty others survived. The tragedy abruptly halted Lynyrd Skynyrd's career until Van Zant's brother Johnny reformed the band ten years later.
2001 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The 2001 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes was a horse race held at Ascot Racecourse on Saturday 28 July 2001. It was the 51st running of the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.

The winner was Susan Magnier and Michael Tabor's Galileo, a three-year-old bay colt trained at Ballydoyle by Aidan O'Brien and ridden by Mick Kinane. Galileo's victory was the first in the race for O'Brien and fourth for Kinane after Belmez (1990), King's Theatre (1994) and Montjeu (2000). Michael Tabor had previously won the race with Montjeu.

John Magnier
John Magnier (born 10 February 1948) is an Irish business magnate. He is a thoroughbred stud owner and has extensive business interests outside the horse-breeding industry. He is based at Coolmore Stud at Fethard in County Tipperary, considered one of the world's best stallion stations.

When Charles Haughey became Taoiseach after the 1987 election, he nominated Magnier to Seanad Éireann, the upper house of the Oireachtas; Magnier served as senator until the 1989 dissolution.
Kevin Foley (footballer, born 1984)
Kevin Patrick Foley (born 1 November 1984) is a professional football coach and former player who is a transition coach for Luton Town.

Foley, a right back also able to operate in midfield, previously spent twelve years at Luton Town before joining Wolverhampton Wanderers, where he played for seven and a half years. He was part of the Wolves squad which won promotion to the Premier League in 2009.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.