hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kaipamangalam Assembly constituency
Kaipamangalam State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Chalakudy Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2016 assembly elections, the current MLA is E. T. Taison of CPI.

Chalakudy Lok Sabha constituency
Chalakudy is one of the 20 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the South Indian state of Kerala. It came into existence in 2008, following the delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India. The constituency comprises seven assembly segments spread over two districts—Thrissur (3) and Ernakulam (4).
Neolamprologus sexfasciatus
Neolamprologus sexfasciatus is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to the southern half of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.  It can reach a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL.  This species can also be found in the aquarium trade. It mainly eats snails, and its pharyngeal bones and teeth are adapted to this hard-shelled prey.

An aggressive mimic of this species is Plecodus straeleni, a scale-eating cichlid that is able to approach its victims by resembling a harmless species.

Lepidophagy
Lepidophagy is a specialised feeding behaviour in fish that involves eating the scales of other fish. Lepidophagy is widespread, having evolved independently in at least five freshwater families and seven marine families. A related feeding behavior among fish is pterygophagy: feeding on the fins of other fish.
Yat Chak (constituency)
Yat Chak (Chinese: 逸澤) is one of the 39 constituencies in the Yuen Long District of Hong Kong. The constituency returns one district councillor to the Yuen Long District Council, with an election every four years.

Yat Chak constituency is loosely based on Tin Chak Estate and part of Tin Yat Estate in Tin Shui Wai with estimated population of 20,392.

Yuen Long District Council
The Yuen Long District Council (Chinese: 元朗區議會; noted as YL) is the district council for the Yuen Long District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. The Yuen Long District currently consists of 46 members, of which the district is divided into four constituencies, electing a total of 8 members, 16 district committee members, 16 appointed members, and 6 ex officio members who are the Shap Pat Heung, San Tin, Ha Tsuen, Kam Tin, Ping Shan and Pat Heung rural committee chairmen. The latest election was held on 10 December 2023.
Chrüzli Pass
The Chrüzli Pass (2,346 m (7,697 ft), Swiss German for Small Cross (as a diminutive) Pass) is a historic high mountain pass of the Glarus Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Uri and Graubünden (GR). It is also known as the Kreuzli Pass or Chrüxli Pass. It connects the Maderanertal (UR) and the Tujetsch (e.g. Sedrun) in Surselva (GR). It is one of the lowest passes between the two cantons and is traversed by a trail.

The pass is overlooked by the Witenalpstock and the Chrüzlistock.

Below the Chrüzlipass, or more precisely between it and the Chrüzlistock, runs the Gotthard Base Tunnel.

Canton of Uri
The canton of Uri (German: Kanton Uri [ˈuːri] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Uri; French: Canton d'Uri; Italian: Canton Uri) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation. It is located in Central Switzerland. The canton's territory covers the valley of the Reuss between the St. Gotthard Pass and Lake Lucerne.

The official language of Uri is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken dialect is the Alemannic Swiss German called Urner German.

Uri was once the only canton whose children in school had to learn Italian as their first foreign language, but in the school year of 2005/2006, that was changed to English, as in other Central and Northeastern Swiss cantons. The canton's population is about 35,000, of which 3,046 (or 8.7%) are foreigners.

The legendary William Tell is said to have hailed from Uri. The historical landmark Rütli lies within the canton of Uri.
Gintaras Andriuškevičius
Gintaras Andriuškevičius (born 6 July 1975 in Alytus) is a retired Lithuanian race walker. He represented his nation Lithuania at the 2004 Summer Olympics, and also recorded a personal best of 1:22:10 in the men's 20 km race walk upon placing first at the 2001 Lithuanian Cup in Prienai.

Andriuskevicius qualified for the men's 20 km race walk at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by registering a B-standard entry time of 1:24:29 from A. Milkeno Racewalk Competition in Birštonas. He finished twenty-eighth in a vast field of 47 race walkers with a time of 1:27:56, just three seconds slower from his entry standard.

Prienai
Prienai (Lithuanian pronunciation: [prʲɪ̂ɛ.nɐɪ̯ˑ] ⓘ) is a city in Lithuania situated on the Nemunas River, 29 km (18 mi) south of Kaunas. In 2023, the city had 8,894 inhabitants. The name of the city is a derivative from the surname Prienas. Pociūnai Airport is associated with the city.
Skrypnyk
Skrypnyk (Ukrainian: Скрипник) is a Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Mstyslav Skrypnyk (1898–1993), Ukrainian Orthodox Church Patriarch

Mykola Skrypnyk (1872–1933), Soviet Bolshevik politician and statesman

Oleksiy Skrypnyk (1964–2022), a Ukrainian politician.

Viktor Skrypnyk (born 1969), Ukrainian footballer

Oleksiy Skrypnyk
Oleksiy Oleksiyovych Skrypnyk (Ukrainian: Олексій Олексійович Скрипник, 8 March 1964 – 23 February 2022) was a Ukrainian politician. Appearing third on the party list of Self Reliance party, he was elected to the Verkhovna Rada in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election. Formerly, he was the CEO of Eleks, resigning in November 2014. Skrypnyk did not return to parliament following the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election.
Clarks Creek (Missouri)
Clarks Creek (also known as Clarks Branch) is a stream in Chariton and Linn counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Mussel Fork.

The stream headwaters arise in southeast Linn County at 39°46′26″N 92°53′56″W﻿ / ﻿39.77389°N 92.89889°W﻿ / 39.77389; -92.89889 on the south side of Bucklin. It flows south-southwest passing under US Route 36 and east of Marceline to enter Chariton County. It flows south generally parallel and east of Missouri Route 5 passing the community of Mike to enter Mussel Fork at 39°32′55″N 92°57′01″W﻿ / ﻿39.54861°N 92.95028°W﻿ / 39.54861; -92.95028 approximately 3.7 miles west of the community of Mussel Fork.

Clarks Creek has the name of Henry Clark, a pioneer citizen.

Missouri Route 5
Missouri Route 5 is the longest state highway in Missouri and the only Missouri state highway to traverse the entire state. To the north, it continues into Iowa as Iowa Highway 5 and to the south it enters Arkansas as Arkansas Highway 5 as part of a three state 650 mile highway 5. With only a few exceptions, it is mostly a two-lane for its entire length.
Lumaco
Lumaco is a town and commune in Malleco Province in the Araucanía Region of Chile.  Its name in Mapudungun means "water of luma". Lumaco is located to 120 km (75 mi) northeast of Temuco and 52 km (32 mi) from Angol. It shares a boundary to the north with the communes of Purén and Los Sauces, to the east with Traiguén and Galvarino, to the south with Cholchol and Carahue in Cautin Province, and the west with Tirúa and Contulmo in the Arauco Province of the Biobío Region.

The area of Lumaco and Purén is rich in Mapuche and early Spanish archaeological sites.

Luma (plant)
Luma is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, described as a genus in 1853. It is native to the Valdivian temperate rain forests of Chile and Argentina.

They are shrubs or small trees with evergreen foliage and smooth red or orange bark, typically reaching 10–20 m (33–66 ft) tall and up to 1 m (3 ft) in trunk diameter. The leaves are opposite, oval, 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) long and 0.5–3 cm (0.2–1.2 in) broad, entire, glossy dark green, with a spicy scent if crushed. The flowers are 2 cm (0.8 in) diameter with four white petals and numerous stamens; the fruit is a small purple or black berry 1 cm (0.4 in) diameter.

The genus name derives from the Mapuche (Native American) name for a related species, Amomyrtus luma. Though it grows slowly, luma wood is very dense and durable.
Bad Habits (The Last Shadow Puppets song)
"Bad Habits" is the lead single by English band The Last Shadow Puppets from their second studio album, Everything You've Come to Expect. It was released on 10 January 2016 on Domino Records, and is the first release of the band's second period of activity, making it their first single since "My Mistakes Were Made for You" (2008).

Domino Recording Company
Domino Recording Company, or simply Domino, is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press.
Mary Fenech Adami
Mary Sciberras Fenech Adami (Maltese: Marija Sciberras Fenech Adami; 13 October 1933 – 8 July 2011) was the wife of the seventh president of Malta, Edward Fenech Adami. She was First Lady of Malta from 2004 to 2009.

President of Malta
The president of Malta (Maltese: President ta' Malta) is the constitutional head of state of Malta. The president is indirectly elected by the House of Representatives of Malta, which appoints the president for a five-year term and requires them to swear an oath to "preserve, protect and defend" the Constitution. The president of Malta also  presides directly or indirectly over all three branches of the state. They are part of Parliament and responsible for the appointment of members of the judiciary. Executive authority is nominally vested in the president, but is in practice exercised by the prime minister.
Robinson Army Airfield
Robinson Army Airfield (ICAO: KRBM, FAA LID: RBM) is a military airfield at the Robinson Maneuver Training Center in Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States. The airfield is located five nautical miles (6 mi, 9 km) northwest of the central business district of Little Rock, Arkansas. It is located within the Robinson Maneuver Training Center in North Little Rock, which is home to the Arkansas National Guard.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned RBM by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned RBM to Straubing-Wallmühle Airport in Germany).

Arkansas National Guard
The Arkansas National Guard (ARNG), commonly known as the Arkansas Guard, is a component of the Government of Arkansas and the National Guard of the United States. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. The adjutant general's office is located at Camp Robinson MTC, North Little Rock.
Cameron Rowland
Cameron Rowland (born 1988) is an American conceptual artist whose work has been exhibited internationally and acclaimed for its structural analytic approach to addressing issues of American slavery, mass incarceration, and reparations.

Rowland graduated from Wesleyan University in 2011 and they were awarded the MacArthur Fellowship in 2019 after several solo and group exhibitions at venues including the Museum of Modern Art, Whitney Museum of American Art, Kunsthal Aarhus, and La Biennale de Montreal. Rowland is noted for their distinct method of loaning some works to collectors and institutions rather than selling them outright, an approach meant to mirror the experience of low-income people shopping at rent-to-own stores like Rent-A-Center and disrupt the traditional value structure in the contemporary art market.

Frieze (magazine)
Frieze is an international contemporary art magazine, published eight times a year from London.

The publication is part of the London and New York–based media and events company Frieze. Frieze comprises two publications, frieze magazine and Frieze Week, as well as international art fairs in London, Los Angeles, New York and Seoul. Its permanent exhibition space, No.9 Cork Street, is located in Mayfair, London.

Frieze is part of IMG which owned by Endeavor.
Bus stop
A bus stop is a place where buses stop for passengers to get on and off the bus. The construction of bus stops tends to reflect the level of usage, where stops at busy locations may have shelters, seating, and possibly electronic passenger information systems; less busy stops may use a simple pole and flag to mark the location. Bus stops are, in some locations, clustered together into transport hubs allowing interchange between routes from nearby stops and with other public transport modes to maximise convenience.

Shelter
A shelter is an architectural structure or natural formation (or a combination of the two) providing protection from the local environment. A shelter can serve as a home or be provided by a residential institution. It can be understood as both a temporary and a permanent structure. In the American Counterculture of the 1960s, the concept of "Shelter" intervenes as one of the key concepts of the Whole Earth Catalog, and expresses an alternative to the modes of teaching architecture practiced in American academies.

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, shelter holds a crucial position as one of the fundamental human necessities, complementing other physiological imperatives such as the need for "air, water, food, rest, clothing, and reproduction."
Sean Rayhall
Sean Rayhall (born March 10, 1995) is a racing driver. He competed in the LMP3 class of the European Le Mans Series, winning the championship in 2017. He has also previously raced in the GT Daytona class of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, in addition to stock cars and formula cars, where in the latter, he earned a test opportunity with Chip Ganassi Racing.

Rayhall announced his retirement from professional racing at the age of 23 in a post on Twitter. Three months later, he announced that he would compete in "fifteen-twenty races" in a winged sprint car with Michael Racing Group as a hobby.

European Le Mans Series
The European Le Mans Series (abbreviated as ELMS) is a European sports car racing endurance series inspired by the 24 Hours of Le Mans race organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO).  The European Le Mans Series is similar to the former American Le Mans Series (ALMS) based in the United States and Canada that was running with ACO and IMSA between 1999 and 2013.  ELMS team champions and runners-up receive an automatic entry to the following year's 24 Hours of Le Mans.  Originally titled the Le Mans Endurance Series before becoming simply the Le Mans Series in 2006, the series was renamed once more in 2012, reusing a name previously utilized by IMSA in 2001.
Bucherer reaction
The Bucherer reaction in organic chemistry is the reversible conversion of a naphthol to a naphthylamine in the presence of ammonia and sodium bisulfite.  The reaction is widely used in the synthesis of dye precursors aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids.

C10H7-2-OH  +  NH3 ⇌   C10H7-2-NH2  +  H2O

The French chemist Robert Lepetit was the first to discover the reaction in 1898.  The German chemist Hans Theodor Bucherer (1869–1949) discovered (independent from Lepetit) its reversibility and its potential especially in industrial chemistry. Bucherer published his results in 1904 and his name is connected to this reaction. The organic reaction also goes by the name Bucherer-Lepetit reaction or (incorrectly) the Bucherer-Le Petit reaction.

The reaction is used to convert 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene into 7-amino-1-naphthol and 1-aminonaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid into 1-hydroxynaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid. It is also useful for transamination reactions of 2-aminonaphthalenes.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Arthur Pappas
Arthur Pappas (born in Sutherland, New South Wales) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks and South Sydney Rabbitohs clubs in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership competition.

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
2002 Pennsylvania Senate election
Elections for the Pennsylvania State Senate were held on November 5, 2002, with even-numbered districts being contested. State Senators are elected for four-year terms, with half of the Senate seats up for a vote every two years. The term of office for those elected in 2002 ran from January 3, 2003 until November 28, 2006. Necessary primary elections were held on May 21, 2002.

This was the first Pennsylvania State Senate election held after the constitutionally-mandated decennial reapportionment plan.

None of the seats of the three senators who did not run for re-election changed party hands. Robert C. Wonderling succeeded the retiring Republican senator, Edwin G. Holl. John C. Rafferty, Jr. succeeded Republican Senator James W. Gerlach, who successfully ran for Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. Jim Ferlo, a veteran member of Pittsburgh's City Council, succeeded the retiring Democratic senator Leonard J. Bodack.

Jim Gerlach
James William Gerlach (born February 25, 1955) is the former U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district, serving from 2003 to 2015. He is a member of the Republican Party. Gerlach retired from Congress after completing his sixth term.
Jared Faber
Jared Faber (also known as J-Radical) is an American musician, composer, and producer who works primarily in television and film. He composed the theme songs for Oobi, As Told by Ginger, Emily's Reasons Why Not, and Suburgatory. He has won multiple Grammy Awards and been nominated for an Emmy Award.

Suburgatory
Suburgatory is an American television sitcom created by Emily Kapnek that aired on ABC from September 28, 2011, to May 14, 2014. The series originally aired on Wednesday nights at 8:30/7:30 Central following The Middle. The title is a portmanteau, devised by former CNN Senior Producer Linda Keenan, of the words "suburban" and "purgatory". On May 9, 2014, Suburgatory was canceled by ABC after three seasons.
Unilever Australasia
Unilever Australasia is the Australian and New Zealand subsidiary company of British FMCG company Unilever. The three divisions of the company are Home & Personal Care, Foods (excluding Ice Cream) and Ice Cream. The company is headquartered in Epping, Sydney, Australia, and has factories located in North Rocks (Sydney, NSW, Australia), Minto (Sydney, NSW, Australia), Tatura (Melbourne, VIC, Australia) and Petone (Wellington, New Zealand). Most of the HPC and foods products sold are similar to those sold by Unilever in other Western countries, whilst the ice cream subsidiary company is Streets, which is the largest ice cream company in Australia.

Petone
Petone (Māori: Pito-one) is a large suburb of Lower Hutt, Wellington, New Zealand. It stands at the southern end of the Hutt Valley, on the northern shore of Wellington Harbour. Europeans first settled in Petone in January 1840, making it the oldest European settlement in the Wellington Region. It became a borough in 1888, and merged with Lower Hutt (branded as "Hutt City") in 1989.
The Orange Girl
The Orange Girl (Appelsinpiken) is a Norwegian film released in February 2009. It is based on a book by author Jostein Gaarder; a book translated to 43 languages. In addition to the Norwegian production company Sandrew Metronome, the German company Tradewind Pictures and the Spanish Jaleo Films are also part of the project.

Tradewind Pictures
Tradewind Pictures is a German production company, founded in 1998. It produces both feature films – primarily children's films and family films – and documentaries. Among its productions are Erik of het klein insectenboek (2004), Niceland (Population. 1.000.002) (2004), and Fíaskó (2000). The company was founded by Thomas Springer and Helmut G. Weber, and has offices in Cologne and Erfurt.
Chittaranjan Roy
Chittaranjan Roy was an Indian politician and teacher from Raiganj in West Bengal. He was a Member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2011, representing the Raiganj Legislative Assembly seat on an Indian National Congress ticket.

Raiganj
Raiganj (Bengali pronunciation: [rae̯ gɔnd͡ʒ]), is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal and it stands on the bank of the Kulik river. This city is the headquarters of the Uttar Dinajpur district. The city situated in the narrow strip which joins the northern and southern portion of the state of West Bengal, has come up in prominence as a result of partition of India.
Nastic movements
In biology, nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli (e.g. temperature, humidity, light irradiance) that occur more rapidly than tropisms and are usually associated with plants. The movement can be due to changes in turgor (internal pressure within plant cells). Decrease in turgor pressure causes shrinkage, while increase in turgor pressure brings about swelling.

Nastic movements differ from tropic movements in that the direction of tropic responses depends on the direction of the stimulus, whereas the direction of nastic movements is independent of the stimulus's position. The tropic movement is growth movement but nastic movement may or may not be growth movement. The rate or frequency of these responses increases as intensity of the stimulus increases.

An example of such a response is the opening and closing of flowers (photonastic response), movement of euglena, chlamydomonas towards the source of light .

Plant cell
Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the absence of flagella or centrioles, except in the gametes, and a unique method of cell division involving the formation of a cell plate or phragmoplast that separates the new daughter cells.