hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Avril Harding
Avril Harding (born 11 September 1960) is a South African politician who was founding secretary-general of the Independent Democrats (ID) from the party's launch in June 2003 until July 2007. He also represented the party in the National Assembly from April 2004 to August 2007, serving the Western Cape constituency.

In August 2007, he was expelled from the Independent Democrats, and therefore from Parliament, on suspicion of planning to cross the floor. He subsequently joined the Congress of the People.

Floor crossing (South Africa)
Floor crossing was a system introduced to the post-apartheid South African political system in 2002, under which members of Parliament, members of provincial legislatures and local government councillors could change political party (or form a new party) and take their seats with them when they did so. Floor crossing in South Africa was abolished in January 2009.
Pinchas Rosen
Pinchas Rosen (Hebrew: פנחס רוזן‎; 1 May 1887 – 3 May 1978) was a German-born Israeli statesman, and the country's first Minister of Justice, serving three times during 1948–51, 1952–56, and 1956–61. He was also leader of the Independent Liberals and three times turned down invitations to be Israel's president.

Eberswalde
Eberswalde (German pronunciation: [ˌeːbɐsˈvaldə] ⓘ) is a major town and the administrative seat of the district Barnim in Brandenburg in north-eastern Germany, about 50 km (31 mi) northeast of Berlin.

The town is often called Waldstadt (forest town), because of the large forests around it, including the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve. Despite this fact, Eberswalde was an important industrial center until the German Reunification.
Chipping Norton Borough Police
Chipping Norton Borough Police was the police force responsible for policing the borough of Chipping Norton in Oxfordshire, England, until 1856.

It had been established in 1836 as a result of the Municipal Corporations Act 1835.  The police force was very small throughout its 20-year history with only one constable in post in 1844.  Chipping Norton Borough Police was amalgamated into the newly formed Oxfordshire Constabulary as a result of the County and Borough Police Act 1856.

Chipping Norton is today policed by the successor to Oxfordshire Constabulary, Thames Valley Police.

Municipal Corporations Act 1835
The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 (5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 76), sometimes known as the Municipal Reform Act, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed local government in the incorporated boroughs of England and Wales. The legislation was part of the reform programme of the Whigs and followed the Reform Act 1832, which had abolished most of the rotten boroughs for parliamentary purposes.
Giant sharkminnow
The giant sharkminnow (Osteochilus schlegelii) a species of cyprinid fish found in southeast Asia.

The name honors Hermann Schlegel (10 June 1804 – 17 January 1884) who was a German ornithologist, herpetologist and ichthyologist.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Squamanita citricolor
Squamanita citricolor is a species of fungus in the family Squamanitaceae. Found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , it was first described as new to science in 1998. Fruit bodies of the fungus have a yellow cap, and a whitish to yellowish stipe originating from a yellowish, deeply rooting basal bulb in the shape of an inverted cone. Microscopically, the fungus features very thick-walled spindle-shaped (fusiform) pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Manpang
Manpang  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6962 people living in 1302 individual households.

Gandaki Zone
Gandaki zone (Nepali: गण्डकी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, located in the Western Development Region.  It was named Sapta Gandaki after the seven tributaries (Kali Gandaki, Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marsyangdi, Madi, Seti Gandaki, and Daraundi) that make up the Gandaki River. Pokhara served as its regional and zonal headquarter. It was also the birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya, first poet of Nepal.

The Gandaki Zone was home to multiple cultures which are unique in themselves. Some, like the Magar and Gurung, have attained fame much like the Gurkha people.
Rick Jones
Rick Jones is the name of:

Rick Jones (baseball coach), American former head coach of the Tulane Green Wave baseball team

Rick Jones (character), fictional character from the Marvel Universe

Rick Jones (pitcher) (born 1955), Major League Baseball pitcher

Rick Jones (politician) (born 1952), Republican politician from Michigan

Rick Jones (television presenter) (1937–2021), BBC children's programme presenter (1960s–1970s)

Rick Jones (voice actor) (born 1957), animation writer, director and voice actor

Rick Jones (politician)
Rick Jones (born November 17, 1952) is a Republican politician from Michigan who served in the Michigan Senate for two terms in the 24th district, after having served three terms in the Michigan House of Representatives.

Prior to his election to the legislature, Jones served one term as the Eaton County Sheriff and had spent 31 years with the sheriff's department.
Nuclear fuel cycle
The nuclear fuel cycle, also known as the nuclear fuel chain, is the series of stages that nuclear fuel undergoes during its production, use, and recycling or disposal. It consists of steps in the front end, which are the preparation of the fuel, steps in the service period in which the fuel is used during reactor operation, and steps in the back end, which are necessary to safely manage, contain, and either reprocess or dispose of spent nuclear fuel. If spent fuel is not reprocessed, the fuel cycle is referred to as an open fuel cycle (or a once-through fuel cycle); if the spent fuel is reprocessed, it is referred to as a closed fuel cycle.

Uranium dioxide
Uranium dioxide or uranium(IV) oxide (UO2), also known as urania or uranous oxide, is an oxide of uranium, and is a black, radioactive, crystalline powder that naturally occurs in the mineral uraninite. It is used in nuclear fuel rods in nuclear reactors. A mixture of uranium and plutonium dioxides is used as MOX fuel. It has been used as an orange, yellow, green, and black color in ceramic glazes and glass.
Bajuha Kalan
Bajuha kalan is a village in Nakodar.  Nakodar is a tehsil in the city, Jalandhar of the Indian state of Punjab. Kalan is Persian language word which means Big and Khurd is Persian word which means small when two villages have same name then it is distinguished as Kalan means Big and Khurd means Small with Village Name.

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Destrehan Plantation
Destrehan Plantation (French: Plantation Destrehan) is an antebellum mansion in the French Colonial style modified with Greek Revival architectural elements. It is located in southeast Louisiana, near the town of the same name Destrehan.

During the 19th century, the plantation was a major producer of indigo and then sugarcane.  The home is most commonly associated with its second owner, Jean-Noël Destréhan, who served briefly as the first United States Senator from Louisiana in 1812. He was influential in the transition of the Orleans Territory to statehood.

The house is a unique example of a plantation home outliving the oil refinery that had been built around it.  It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural quality and association with important people and events in Louisiana history.

Estate (law)
In common law, an estate is a living or deceased person's net worth. It is the sum of a person's assets; their legal rights, interests, and entitlements to property of any kind, minus all of their liabilities at a given time. The issue is of special legal significance on a question of bankruptcy and death of the person. (See inheritance.)

Depending on the particular context, the term is also used in reference to an estate in land or of a particular kind of property (such as real estate or personal estate). The term is also used to refer to the sum of a person's assets only.

The equivalent in civil law legal systems is patrimony.
Rumbo
Rumbo can refer to:

Rumbo (Texas Newspapers), a chain of Spanish newspapers published in San Antonio, Houston,  Austin, and McAllen, Texas.

Rumbo (film), a 1949 Spanish film

Rumbo (newspaper), a free weekly bilingual newspaper published in Lawrence, Massachusetts

Rumbo Submarino, the 2nd studio album by band Macaco

Rumbo, a character used in several novels by  James Herbert

James Herbert
James John Herbert, OBE (8 April 1943 – 20 March 2013) was an English horror writer. A full-time writer, he also designed his own book covers and publicity. His books have sold 54 million copies worldwide, and have been translated into 34 languages, including Chinese and Russian.
Boulevard des Capucines (Monet)
Boulevard des Capucines is the title of two oil-on-canvas paintings depicting the famous Paris boulevard by French Impressionist artist Claude Monet, created between 1873–1874. One version is vertical in format and depicts a snowy street scene looking down the boulevard towards the Place de l'Opéra. The other version is a horizontal composition and shows the same street on a sunny winter day; it is housed at The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow and is believed to be the version that was exhibited at the first Impressionist exhibit in 1874.

Monet painted the works from the photography studio of Félix Nadar at 35 Boulevard des Capucines. The elevated vantage point and loose brushstrokes allow the audience to see the commotion of the boulevard from a position high above street level. Certain aspects of the paintings have parallels in the photography of Monet's day and in Japanese prints, which may have influenced Monet.

Place de l'Opéra
The Place de l'Opéra (French pronunciation: [plas də lɔpeʁa]) is a square in the 9th arrondissement of Paris. It is located at the junction of the Boulevard des Italiens, the Boulevard des Capucines, the Avenue de l'Opéra, the Rue Auber, the Rue Halévy, the Rue de la Paix and the Rue du Quatre-Septembre.

The Place de l'Opéra was built at the same time as the Palais Garnier, the opera house designed by Charles Garnier after which it is named and of which it provides a panoramic view. Both structures were part of Haussmann's renovation of Paris under Napoleon III.
Kelso Multimodal Transportation Center
The Kelso Multimodal Transportation Center (also known as Kelso–Longview) is an Amtrak train station located near downtown Kelso, Washington, United States. The station also serves the neighboring city of Longview, which is located just across the Cowlitz River. The station is served by Cascades and Coast Starlight trains. Greyhound Lines provides national and regional bus service, while RiverCities Transit provides local transit. Shuttle vans, taxis and rental cars can also be hired at the station.

Cowlitz River
The Cowlitz River is a river in the state of Washington in the United States, a tributary of the Columbia River. Its tributaries drain a large region including the slopes of Mount Rainier, Mount Adams, and Mount St. Helens.

The Cowlitz has a 2,586-square-mile (6,698 km2) drainage basin, located between the Cascade Range in eastern Lewis County, Washington and the cities of Kelso and Longview. The river is roughly 105 miles (169 km) long, not counting tributaries.

Major tributaries of the Cowlitz River include the Cispus River and the Toutle River, which was overtaken by volcanic mudflows (lahars) during the May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.

When the smelt spawn in the Cowlitz River, the gulls go into a feeding frenzy that lasts for weeks. Kelso, Washington is known as the "Smelt Capital of the World".
Nadine Hanssen
Nadine Hanssen (born 7 October 1993) is a Dutch professional footballer who last played as a midfielder for SWPL1 club Aberdeen.

Hanssen was born in the Netherlands and prior to signing for Aston Villa in 2018, she had played for PSV, Utrecht, Anderlecht and KRC Genk Ladies.

FC Utrecht (women)
FC Utrecht Vrouwen is a Dutch women's football club based in Utrecht. Established in 2007, as one of the founding members of the professional Eredivisie. The team competed in the Eredivisie from its inaugural season of 2007–08 until 2011–12 and then in the BeNe League, made of up Belgian and Dutch teams, from 2012–13 until the team's dissolution in January 2014. Before its dissolution, the club won the Dutch Cup once and the Dutch Women's Super Cup once.The club rejoined the Eredivisie beginning in the 2023–24 season.
MLC School
MLC School (previously Methodist Ladies' College) is an independent Uniting Church single-sex early learning, primary, and secondary day school for girls, located in the Inner West Sydney suburb of Burwood, Australia. The school enrols students from early learning, through kindergarten to year 12.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
Underground (play)
Underground, a thriller written by Michael Sloane (sometimes spelt Sloan) and produced at the Royal Alexandra Theatre, Toronto and following a UK tour, at the Prince of Wales Theatre, London, opening on 4 July 1983. It was directed by Simon Williams.

Royal Alexandra Theatre
The Royal Alexandra Theatre, commonly known as the Royal Alex, is an historic performing arts theatre in Toronto, Ontario. The theatre is located at 260 King Street West, in the downtown Toronto Entertainment District. Owned and operated by Mirvish Productions, the theatre has approximately 1,244 seats across three levels. Built in 1907, the Royal Alexandra Theatre is the oldest continuously operating legitimate theatre in North America.
USS Myrmidon
USS Myrmidon (ARL-16) was laid down as a United States Navy LST-542-class tank landing ship but converted to one of 39 Achelous-class repair ships that were used for repairing landing craft during World War II. Named for the Myrmidons (in Greek mythology, warriors of the fierce Thessalian tribe who accompanied King Achilles, their leader, to the Trojan War), she was the only US Naval vessel to bear the name.

Thessaly
Thessaly (/ˈθɛsəli/ THESS-ə-lee; Greek: Θεσσαλία, romanized: Thessalía [θesaˈli.a]; ancient Thessalian: Πετθαλία, Petthalía) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, Thessaly was known as Aeolia (Ancient Greek: Αἰολία, Aiolía), and appears in Homer's Odyssey.

Thessaly became part of the modern Greek state in 1881, after four and a half centuries of Ottoman rule. Since 1987 it has formed one of the country's 13 regions and is further (since the Kallikratis reform of 2011) sub-divided into five regional units and 25 municipalities. The capital of the region is Larissa. Thessaly lies in northern central Greece and borders the regions of Macedonia to the north, Epirus to the west, Central Greece to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the east. The Thessaly region also includes the Sporades islands.
São Sebastião da Vargem Alegre
São Sebastião da Vargem Alegre (commonly abbreviated as S.S.V.A.) is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Zona da Mata and to the microregion of Muriaé.  As of 2020, the estimated population was 3,024. The municipality was founded by the "Law number 12.030, of december 21st 1995", emancipated from Miraí. Nearly 1,210 people voted regarding the act of emancipation, with an approval rate of 81.8%.

Mesoregions of Brazil
A mesoregion (Portuguese: Mesorregião) was a subdivision of the Brazilian states, grouping together various municipalities in proximity and with common characteristics. They were abolished in 2017 and replaced by intermediate and immediate geographic regions. The mesoregions were created by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for statistical purposes and did not, therefore, constitute political or administrative areas. They were further divided into microregions.
Samuel Haida
Samuel ben Moses Haida (Hebrew: שמואל בן משה היידא; 1626 – 1 June 1685) was a Bohemian Kabbalistic author. He was dayyan and preacher in Prague, which was probably his native city.

He edited the Tanna debe Eliyahu Rabbah with two commentaries and copious references (Prague, 1676); but he changed the text arbitrarily, considering himself to be under the inspiration of the prophet Elijah, whom he believed to be the author of this work of an unknown writer in the 10th century. In order to receive this inspiration he fasted, visited the graves of pious men, and engaged in different mystic practises. He justifies pilpulistic methods, and finds even for the habit of gesticulations at Talmudic disputations a basis in Biblical and Talmudic literature, for which he is severely criticized by Yair Ḥayyim Bacharach.

Tanna Devei Eliyahu
Tanna Devei Eliyahu (Hebrew: תנא דבי אליהו; alternate transliterations include Tana D'vei Eliyahu and Tana D'vei Eliahu) is the composite name of a midrash, consisting of two parts, whose final redaction took place at the end of the 10th century CE. The first part is called "Seder Eliyahu Rabbah" (31 chapters); the second, "Seder Eliyahu Zuṭa" (15 chapters).
Givers
Givers is an indie pop group from Lafayette, Louisiana. The band is made up of vocalist and percussionist Tiffany Lamson, vocalist and guitarist Taylor Guarisco, and bassist and guitarist Josh LeBlanc. The band's origins date to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, which displaced Lamson and Guarisco from their New Orleans apartment and school, leading them to return to Lafayette with little to do. The duo began playing music together, and they recruited the other members shortly before a last-minute performance at a local pub in 2008. The band came together as the result of the unplanned, improvised jam.

The members of Givers have previously performed in zydeco, jazz and Cajun groups. Following a touring stint with the Dirty Projectors and their debut 2009 EP, the band recorded their debut album and signed to Glassnote Records. The band's debut studio album, In Light, was released in June 2011 to favorable critical reviews.

Bassist
A bassist (also known as a bass player or bass guitarist) is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar (electric bass, acoustic bass), keyboard bass (synth bass) or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or trombone. Many musical genres tend to be associated with at least one or more of these instruments.
Waraseoni
Waraseoni (Hindi: वारासिवनी, romanized: Varasivni) is a tehsil (administrative division) and Nagar Palika Parishad (municipality) in Balaghat district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is situated 16 km (10 mi) from the district headquarters.
Waraseoni is second most populous town in Balaghat District after Balaghat.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Deštnice
Deštnice (German: Teschnitz) is a municipality and village in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Deštnice lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Louny, 57 km (35 mi) south-west of Ústí nad Labem, and 60 km (37 mi) west of Prague.

Louny
Louny (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlounɪ]; German: Laun) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 18,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Ohře River. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Haoba Athouba
Haoba Athouba (ꯍꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯊꯧꯕ) was a warrior of the Khuman clan in ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). His story is notably mentioned in the classical Meitei literary work Chainarol (An Account of Combats). His story shows both personal bravery and the challenges faced by warriors who did not emerge victorious in ritual duels. His story is about the harsh realities of the warrior code that governed inter-clan conflicts in early Meitei civilisation.

Meitei culture
The culture of Meitei civilization evolved over thousands of years in what is now northeastern India and surrounding regions, beginning in Ancient Kangleipak, continuing most notably into Medieval Kangleipak, while influencing the neighboring states and kingdoms, till present times.