hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mass-independent fractionation
Mass-independent isotope fractionation or  Non-mass-dependent fractionation (NMD), refers to any chemical or physical process that acts to separate isotopes, where the amount of separation does not scale in proportion with the difference in the masses of the isotopes. Most isotopic fractionations (including typical kinetic fractionations and equilibrium fractionations) are caused by the effects of the mass of an isotope on atomic or molecular velocities, diffusivities or bond strengths. Mass-independent fractionation processes are less common, occurring mainly in photochemical and spin-forbidden reactions. Observation of mass-independent fractionated materials can therefore be used to trace these types of reactions in nature and in laboratory experiments.

Selection rule
In physics and chemistry, a selection rule, or transition rule, formally constrains the possible transitions of a system from one quantum state to another. Selection rules have been derived for electromagnetic transitions in molecules, in atoms, in atomic nuclei, and so on. The selection rules may differ according to the technique used to observe the transition. The selection rule also plays a role in chemical reactions, where some are formally spin-forbidden reactions, that is, reactions where the spin state changes at least once from reactants to products.

In the following, mainly atomic and molecular transitions are considered.
Unrestricted line officer
An unrestricted line officer (shortened to URL officer) is a designator given to a commissioned officer of the line in the United States Navy, who is eligible for command at sea of the navy's warfighting combatant units such as warships, submarines, aviation squadrons and SEAL teams. They are also eligible to command the higher echelons of those units, such as destroyer and submarine squadrons, air wings and air groups, and special warfare groups.

At the flag officer level, URL officers may also command carrier strike groups, expeditionary strike groups, patrol and reconnaissance groups, task forces, and fleet and force commands.  URL officers are also eligible to command shore installations, facilities and activities directly supporting the navy's warfare mission.

Patrol Wing
A Patrol Wing (PatWing) was a United States Navy aviation unit with the commander of a Patrol Wing known as the Commodore, the ComPatWing or COMPATWING.  From 1 November 1942 to 30 June 1973 Patrol Wings were designated "Fleet Air Wings".  On 26 March 1999 all then existing Pacific Fleet Patrol Wings were redesignated Patrol and Reconnaissance Wings and on 1 June 1999 all then existing Atlantic Fleet Patrol Wings were redesigned Patrol and Reconnaissance Wings with the Commodore designated as COMPATRECONWING or ComPatReconWing.

Currently, there are three Patrol and Reconnaissance Wings in the U.S. Navy
James Garnett (cricketer)
James Garnett (24 October 1809 – 4 January 1842) played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in two matches in 1833. Garnett was of English descent, but he was born in Bridgetown, Barbados and died in Scarborough, Tobago.

Garnett played in two matches in the space of eight days, batting in the Cambridge University middle order in both of them; he failed to score in either innings in his first match, but scored 20 and 21 in his second game. His batting style is not known and there is no record whether he bowled or not; there are no extant records of appearances in other major or minor cricket matches.

Alumni Cantabrigienses, the directory of Cambridge University students, identifies Garnett as the son of William Garnett, rector of St Michael's Church, Barbados (now the Cathedral Church of Saint Michael and All Angels). He was educated privately in Winchmore Hill, Middlesex and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

Scarborough, Trinidad and Tobago
Scarborough is a major town of the island of Tobago as well as the eleventh-most-populous in Trinidad and Tobago. Scarborough was the capital of Tobago in 1769 before it was unified with Trinidad changing the capital to Port of Spain. Situated in western Tobago, Scarborough is the economic and cultural centre of the island of Tobago. The estimated population in 2011 was 17,537. Scarborough is ranked as one of Trinidad and Tobago's most densely populated towns alongside Port of Spain, San Fernando, Chaguanas and Arima. The town's skyline is dominated by Fort King George, an 18th-century fortification named after King George III, which now hosts a historic and archaeologic museum. Scarborough's deepwater harbour was built in 1991; before that ships were forced to anchor offshore.
Ian Wolfe
Ian Marcus Wolfe (November 4, 1896 – January 23, 1992) was an American character actor with around 400 film and television credits. Until 1934, he worked in the theatre. That year, he appeared in his first film role and later television, as a character actor. His career lasted seven decades and included many films and TV series; his last screen credit was in 1990.

Barney Miller
Barney Miller is an American sitcom television series set in a New York City Police Department police station on East 6th Street in Greenwich Village (Lower Manhattan). The series was broadcast on ABC from January 23, 1975, to May 20, 1982. It was created by Danny Arnold and Theodore J. Flicker. Former character actor Noam Pitlik directed 102 of the 170 episodes. It spawned a spin-off series, Fish, that ran from February 5, 1977, to May 18, 1978, focusing on the character Philip K. Fish.
Alok Mukherjee (politician)
Alok Mukherjee (born 1960) is an Indian politician from West Bengal. He is a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Barjora Assembly constituency in Bankura district. He won the 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election representing the All India Trinamool Congress.

Trinamool Congress
The Trinamool Congress (TMC; transl. Grassroots Congress), officially All India Trinamool Congress, is an Indian political party that is mainly influential in the state of West Bengal. It was founded by Mamata Banerjee on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction of the Indian National Congress and rapidly rose to prominence in the politics of West Bengal under her leadership. Presently, it is ruling the state of West Bengal beside being the third-largest party in India in terms of number of MPs just after the Bharatiya Janata Party and National Congress.

The party won a historic victory in the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election by ending the 34-year-long Left Front rule, world's longest democratically elected communist government. It has won a three-time majority in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and has been the ruling party in West Bengal since 20 May 2011. AITC is led by Mamata Banerjee as the chairperson of the party.
George Hare Philipson
Sir George Hare Philipson, M.D., F.R.C.P. (18 May 1836 – 24 January 1918) was an English physician knighted in 1900.

He was educated at University College, London and Caius College, Cambridge. From 1876 until his death in 1918 he was professor of Medicine at Durham University. He was elected the President of the British Medical Association for the year 1893.

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
Gonville and Caius College, commonly known as Caius (/kiːz/ KEEZ), is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1348 by Edmund Gonville, it is the fourth-oldest of the University of Cambridge's 31 colleges and one of the wealthiest. In 1557, it was refounded by John Caius, an alumnus and English physician.

The college has been attended by many students who have gone on to significant accomplishment, including fifteen Nobel Prize winners, the second-largest number of any Oxbridge college.

Several streets in the city, including Harvey Road, Glisson Road, and Gresham Road, are named after Gonville and Caius alumni. The college and its masters have been influential in the development of the university, including in the founding of other colleges, including Trinity Hall and Darwin College and providing land on Sidgwick Site on which the Faculty of Law was built.
Ted Koy
Ted Koy (born September 15, 1947) is an American football former tight end for the Buffalo Bills and Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL).  He was drafted out of the University of Texas by the Raiders in the 1970 NFL draft. He was a part of the Longhorns' 1969 National Championship team, playing in the same offensive backfield (halfback) with James Street (quarterback), Steve Worster (fullback) and Jim Bertelsen (halfback). His brother Ernie Koy, Jr. also played with the Longhorns and in the NFL. His father Ernie Koy played Major League Baseball from 1938 through 1942 for five teams, and also played football at Texas.

He was drafted by the Fort Worth Braves in the 2nd round of the Texas Football League's 1970 draft, but he never played in that league.

He is a graduate of the veterinary school at Texas A&M. As of 1988, he was married to a woman named Lynn, divorced in 1996, and married Valerie in 1997.

1970 NFL draft
The 1970 NFL draft was the 35th National Football League draft and the first of the league's modern era, following the merger of the National Football League with the American Football League. It was held on January 27–28, 1970, at the Belmont Plaza Hotel in New York City, New York.

The first overall pick of the draft was quarterback Terry Bradshaw from Louisiana Tech University, who was taken by the Pittsburgh Steelers (after winning a coin flip with the Chicago Bears, who had the same record as Pittsburgh). Bradshaw was one of two future Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees drafted by the Steelers; the other being Mel Blount from Southern University in Round 3.

The last remaining active player from the 1970 draft class was kicker Mark Moseley, who played his final NFL game in the 1986 season, although he was absent in 1973.
Bogdan Baranowski
Bogdan Baranowski (born 27 October 1927 – 29 June 2014) was a Polish chemist and Professor at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) in Warsaw. He served as President of the Polish Chemical Society between 1973 and 1979. He is known for his theoretical and experimental research in linear and non-linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics and solid state physical chemistry.

German Chemical Society
The German Chemical Society (German: Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, GDCh) is a learned society and professional association founded in 1949 to represent the interests of German chemists in local, national and international contexts. GDCh "brings together people working in chemistry and the molecular sciences and supports their striving for positive, sustainable scientific advance – for the good of humankind and the environment, and a future worth living for."
Fire Plug Stakes
The Fire Plug Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held in January at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland. It is open to horses four-year-olds and up and is run at six furlongs on the dirt.

An ungraded stakes, it offers a purse of $125,000. The race was named in honor of Fire Plug, a quick and durable horse that ran throughout the east coast from age three to age seven. He was campaigned by his breeder and owner, Arthur Appleton, and trained by Bob Camac. The gelding won or placed in 50 of his 54 lifetime starts, most of those races being sprints. Half of his 29 victories came in graded stakes races, including the J. Edgar Hoover Stakes, the Maryland Breeders' Cup Handicap and the Roman Handicap. The son of King of the North, Fire Plug retired in 1991 at the age of 8 after placing in three stakes that season and winning the final start of his career.

Laurel, Maryland
Laurel is a city in  Prince George's County, Maryland United States. It is located between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore on the banks of the Patuxent River. Its population was 30,060 at the 2020 census. Founded as a mill town in the early 19th century, Laurel expanded local industry and was later able to become an early commuter town for Washington and Baltimore workers following the arrival of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1835.  Largely residential today, the city maintains a historic district centered on its Main Street.
Sussex Championships
The Sussex Championships or Sussex County Championships was a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament that were first staged in 1889. By 1972 it was known as the Sussex Tennis Open Championships. The championships were first held in Brighton, East Sussex, England then moved to West Worthing, West Sussex, England and ran only until 1980.

The tournament is no longer a senior level international tour event, but is still staged today as a closed county tournament to British players only.

West Worthing
West Worthing is a neighbourhood of Worthing in West Sussex, England that was developed within Heene and later expanded beyond Heene's boundaries. Intended as an exclusive resort, the township of West Worthing was developed from around 1864 and merged with the formerly separate township of Worthing in 1890, when Worthing gained borough status.

Heene is a former civil parish, now part of the borough of Worthing. It lies on the A259 road 0.6 miles (1 km) west of the town centre.  Once part of the parish of West Tarring, Heene was a civil parish in its own right from the 16th century until 9 November 1902. At the 1901 census (the last before the abolition of the parish), Heene had a population of 3019.
Gunongan Historical Park
Gunongan Historical Park (Jawi: ڬونوڠن) is located in the Aceh Province of Sumatra, Indonesia. Possibly built by Iskandar Muda, the grounds of the historical park contain a 17th-century palace, garden, and white circular structure whose purpose is unknown, the Gunongan, after which the park has been named. The origins and function of the Gunongan palace are obscure, though it is theorized to be either built on the remains of an older structure or built during the 17th century, combining Hindu and Islamic aesthetics. Its function possibly had a sacred significance but it later became a leisure ground for the Acehnese royal family.

Nur al-Din al-Raniri
Nur al-Din Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Hasanji al-Hamid al-Shafi'i al-Ash'ari al-'Aydarusi al-Randeri (Arabic: نور الدين محمد بن علي بن الحسنجي الحميد الشافعي الأشعري العيدروسي الرندري) (also transliterated Nur ud-Din ar-Raniri / Randeri, died 1658) was an Islamic mystic and scholar from Rander in Surat province of Gujarat, in India, who worked for several years in the court of the sultan of Aceh in what is now Indonesia. He was the most prolific of the authors of the Acehnese court, and helped contribute to its international reputation as a center of scholarship. His work was considered the oldest Muslim scholarship of Southeast Asia.
Nitesh Ganga Deb
Nitesh Ganga Deb  is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Sambalpur, Odisha in the 2019 Indian general election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is also the current titular King of the former princely state of Bamra(modern Deogarh district) and head of Bamanda branch of Eastern Ganga Dynasty.

He was the MLA of Deogarh Constituency till 2019.

Debagarh district
Debagarh district, also known as Deogarh district, is a district of Odisha state, India. Located in the north-western part of the state, it is one of Odisha's 30 administrative districts and has its headquarters at Debagarh (Deogarh) town.

The district covers an area of 2781.66 km² and has a population of 312,520 (2011 Census). As of 2011, it is the least populous district of Odisha (out of 30).
Rana Shamim
Rana Muhammad Shamim (Urdu: رانا محمد شمیم) is a former Pakistani chief judge who served as chief judge of the Appellate court of the Supreme Appellate Court Gilgit-Baltistan from August 2015 to 2018. He has also been the Chief Justice of Sindh High Court.

Sindh High Court
The High Court of Sindh (Urdu: عدالتِ عالیہ سندھ) (Sindhi: سنڌ ھائي ڪورٽ) is the highest judicial institution of the Pakistani province of Sindh. Established in 1906, the Court situated in the provincial capital at Karachi. Apart from being the highest court of appeal for Sindh in civil and criminal matters, the Court was the District Court and the Court of Session in Karachi.
Odu Raja Odu
Odu Raja Odu (transl. Run King Run) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language black comedy film directed by duo Nishanth Ravindaran and Jathin Sanker Raj in their directorial debuts. Nishanth Ravindaran has also written the screenplay and handled editing. The film stars Simran and Guru Somasundaram alongside Lakshmi Priyaa Chandramouli, while Anandsami, Nassar, Charu Hassan, Power Star Srinivasan, Venkatesh Harinathan, and Sona Heiden play pivotal and supportive roles in the film. The film also marks the comeback of veteran actress Simran in a cameo role and also marks the acting debut of her, husband Deepak Bagga who played the antagonist role. The movie is produced and distributed by Vijay Moolan through his production company Vijay Moolan Talkies. The music is scored by debutant Tosh Nanda. The film had its theatrical release on 17 August 2018.

Nassar (actor)
Nassar (born Muhammad Hanif; 5 March 1958) is an Indian actor, director, producer, voice artist, singer and politician who mainly works in the Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam film industries. He has also worked in a few Kannada,  English, Hindi  and Bengali films. He is the incumbent president of the Nadigar Sangam, a trade union for film, television, and stage actors in Tamil Nadu.
James F. P. Johnson
James F. P. Johnson (January 25, 1835 – February 12, 1906) was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from Brevard County in the 1864 session. He was a delegate to the Florida Constitutional Convention of 1865.

He was born in South Carolina on January 25, 1835, the son of Abner D. Johnson and Frances R. Pickett.

Brevard County, Florida
Brevard County (/brəˈvɑːrd/ brə-VARD) is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It is on the Atlantic coast of eastern Central Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 606,612, making it the 10th-most populated county in Florida. The official county seat is located in Titusville. A secondary center of county administration, including a circuit courthouse, was built in 1989 in the planned community of Viera, Florida, the geographic center of the county.
Challicum Hills Wind Farm
Challicum Hills Wind Farm is a wind farm encompassed by 35 (1.5 MW) NEG NM 64 wind turbines, with a total generating capacity of 52.5 MW of electricity. The wind farm is near Ararat in western Victoria, Australia. The power station was commissioned in August 2003 and is in a long term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with Origin Energy.

The wind farm is owned and operated by Pacific Blue. Part of the profits flow into a community fund that supports local projects.

Challicum Hills Wind Farm

A vertical shot of Challicum Hills Wind Farm

NEG Micon
NEG Micon was a Danish wind turbine manufacturer. It was formed in 1997 as a result of a merger between Nordtank Energy Group (NEG) and Moerup Industrial Windmill Construction Company (Micon).

The company was merged with another Danish wind turbine manufacturer, Vestas, in 2004, and it is now operating under that name. The company produced wind turbines for many countries including Canada, Denmark, Germany, Sri Lanka and The United States.

NEG Micon turbine had 35 different models, and were very popular in the wind power industry, particularly the NM-48, NM-52, NM-72, and NM-82 turbines; and can be seen throughout major wind farms around the world.
W. P. Richardson (trade unionist)
William Pallister Richardson (25 February 1873 – 8 August 1930), known as W. P. Richardson, was a British trade unionist.

Richardson was born in Usworth, County Durham.  His father was killed in 1885, while working in the Usworth Colliery.  A few months later, William began work in the same pit.  He joined the Durham Miners' Association, and became branch secretary in 1898, and was elected to the county executive in 1912.  He served as General Secretary of the union from 1924 until his death in 1930 aged 57, and as treasurer of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain from 1921.

Richardson was also an active member of the Independent Labour Party, and its leading member in Usworth.  His brother Tom was also active in the party, and was the Member of Parliament for Whitehaven from 1910 to 1918.

Whitehaven (UK Parliament constituency)
Whitehaven was a constituency centred on the town of Whitehaven in Cumberland, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was created in 1832 and renamed Copeland at the 1983 general election.
William Hutchinson Norris
William Hutchinson Norris (September 25, 1800 – July 13, 1893) was an American politician who was the founder of the city of Americana and a settlement in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste. A notable Confederate during American Civil War, Norris was a significant figure in the history of the Confederados following the war.

Norris was a colonel in the militia during the Mexican-American War and an Alabama senator as well, who left the U.S. for Brazil with 30 Confederate families.

Johnston County, North Carolina
Johnston County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 215,999. Its county seat is Smithfield. Johnston County is included in the Raleigh-Cary, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Shuozhou Huairen Airport
Shuozhou Huairen Airport or Huairen Air Base, located in Huairen, Shuozhou, is a People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLA-AF) installation near the Fen River, 43 km (27 mi) south of the city of Datong, in northern Shanxi province, China. It is located in the PLA Beijing Military Region.  It formerly served as the main public airport for Datong until replaced by the newly built Datong Yungang Airport in 2006.

It is the headquarters of the PLA-AF 15th Fighter Division which operates Chengdu J-7 fighters and Nanchang Q-5 ground attack aircraft.

Satellite imagery of the site shows a single 10,500 foot runway oriented NE/SW and a full-length parallel taxiway connected to revetments at either end of the field.

Nanchang Q-5
The Nanchang Q-5 (Chinese: 强-5; pinyin: Qiang-5; NATO reporting name: Fantan), also known as the A-5 in its export versions, is a 1960s-design Chinese-built single-seat, twin jet engine ground-attack aircraft based on the Shenyang J-6. The aircraft is primarily used for close air support.
Joanne Thompson (field hockey)
Joanne Sarah "Jo" Thompson (born 13 May 1965 in Dartford, Kent, England) is a former field hockey goalkeeper, who was a member of the British squad that won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. She also participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where Team GB finished fourth. She is a former pupil of Langley Grammar School. She now works for PPG  in Stowmarket, UK.

Dartford
Dartford is the principal town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, England. It is located 18 mi (29 km) south-east of Central London and
is situated adjacent to the London Borough of Bexley to its west. To its north, across the Thames Estuary, is Thurrock in Essex, which can be reached via the Dartford Crossing. To its east lies the Borough of Gravesham and to the south the district of Sevenoaks. It had a population of 51,240.

The town centre lies in a valley through which the River Darent flows and where the old road from London to Dover crossed: hence the name, which derives from Darent + ford. Dartford became a market town in medieval times and, although today it is principally a commuter town for Greater London, it has a long history of religious, industrial and cultural importance. It is an important rail hub; the main through-road now by-passes the town itself.