hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Community Movement
The Community Movement was an Italian political organization founded by Piedmontese progressive entrepreneur Adriano Olivetti in 1947.

Olivetti had previously established a cultural group, which only subsequently began a political activity at local level, entering in municipal and provincial elections. The Community fought against particracy and Jacobin centralism, aiming to replace them with a federal union of local communities. The movement tried to merge both liberal and socialist ideas, opposing both conservatives and communists.

The movement successfully engaged the 1958 general election, Olivetti becoming MP for Piedmont, but the history of Community was dramatically stopped in 1960 when its founder died of heart failure.

Community's political ideas disappeared from Italian political debate for thirty years and its only MP, professor Franco Ferrarotti, joined the Italian Democratic Socialist Party.

Particracy
Particracy, also known as partitocracy or partocracy, is a form of government in which the political parties are the primary basis of rule rather than citizens or individual politicians.

As argued by Italian political scientist Mauro Calise in 1994, the term is often derogatory, implying that parties have too much power—in a similar vein, in premodern times it was often argued that democracy was merely rule by the demos, or a poorly educated and easily misled mob. Efforts to turn particracy into a more precise scholarly concept so far appear partly successful.

Spanish political scientist Antonio García-Trevijano described particracy in 2010 as a form of government where representation and separation of powers are nullified by the way the political party system is organized, turning democracy into an "oligarchy of parties" where voters have little to no actual control over them.
Papyrus 15
Papyrus 15 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), signed by 𝔓15, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It was originally a papyrus manuscript of the Pauline Corpus of letters, but now only contains 1 Corinthians 7:18–8:4. The manuscript has been palaeographically assigned to the 3rd century.

First Epistle to the Corinthians
The First Epistle to the Corinthians (Ancient Greek: Α΄ ᾽Επιστολὴ πρὸς Κορινθίους) is one of the Pauline epistles, part of the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The epistle is attributed to Paul the Apostle and a co-author, Sosthenes, and is addressed to the Christian church in Corinth. Scholars believe that Sosthenes was the amanuensis who wrote down the text of the letter at Paul's direction. It addresses various issues which had arisen in the Christian community at Corinth and is composed in a form of Koine Greek. Despite the name, it is not believed to be the first such letter written to the Corinthian church.
Culture of Ghana
Ghana is a country of 33.48 million people and many native groups, such as:

The Akans in the center and South of the country,

The Ga and Adangbe in, around, and East of Accra,

The Guan people in the rainforest,

The Dagombas, Mamprusi, and related peoples in the North,

The Gurunsi languages speaking peoples in the far North,

The Gonjas in the Northern Region.

English is the official language, with the indigenous Twi of the Ashantis, the Fante language, and the Akwapem language (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akuapem_people), Frafra, Dangme, Ga, Dagbani, Mampruli, Gonja, and Ewe also having official status, and being taught in schools as indigenous (local) languages in the respective areas where they are predominant.

Gurunsi languages
The Grũsi or Gurunsi languages, also known as the East Mabia languages, are a group of Gur languages, comprising about 20 languages spoken by the Gurunsi peoples. The Grũsi languages are spoken in northern Ghana, adjacent areas of Burkina Faso and Togo. The largest language in the Grusi group is Kabiye, a language spoken by approximately 1.2 million people (of which 550,000 are native speakers) throughout central Togo.
Marita Cheng
Marita Cheng AM (born 5 March 1989) is the founder of Robogals and co-founder of other companies. She was named the 2012 Young Australian of the Year.  She was named as one of the World's Top 50 women in Technology by Forbes in 2018 and was recognised on the Forbes 30 Under 30 list in 2016. In 2019, Cheng was appointed a member of the  Order of Australia for significant service to science and technology, particularly to robotics.

Winston Churchill Memorial Trusts
Winston Churchill Memorial Trusts (WCMT) are three independent but related living memorials to Sir Winston Churchill, based in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. They exist for the purpose of administering Churchill Fellowships, also known as Churchill Travelling Fellowships, to provide an opportunity for applicants to travel overseas to conduct research in their chosen fields.

The Trusts were established in 1965, after the death of Churchill, by a combination of public subscription and government contributions.

The operating name of the UK Trust is The Churchill Fellowship.
No Sex Please, We're British (film)
No Sex Please, We're British is a 1973 British comedy film directed by Cliff Owen and starring Ronnie Corbett, Ian Ogilvy, Susan Penhaligon and Arthur Lowe. It was written by Brian Cooke and Johnnie Mortimer based on the 1971 play of the same name by Alistair Foot and Anthony Marriott, with multiple changes in the film adaptation.

No Sex Please, We're British
No Sex Please, We're British is a British farce written by Alistair Foot and Anthony Marriott, which premiered in London's West End on 3 June 1971 at the Strand Theatre. It was panned by critics, but ran until 5 September 1987, transferring to the Garrick and the Duchess during the run of 6,761 performances.
Selves We Cannot Forgive
Selves We Cannot Forgive is the second full length album from American extreme metal band Black Crown Initiate. The album was released on July 22, 2016 with eOne Music. It was produced by Carson Slovak and Grant McFarland(August Burns Red, Texas In July, From Ashes To New) and recorded at Atrium Audio Recording Studio's in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, with cover art by Travis Smith(Opeth, Devin Townsend, Avenged Sevenfold).

To date it is the band's strongest-selling album, moving 1,825 copies in its debut week.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Lancaster is a city in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 58,039 at the 2020 census, it is the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania, with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area.

Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster is located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia and is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country.
Beefhide Creek
Beefhide Creek is a stream in Letcher and Pike Counties of the U.S. state of Kentucky.

According to tradition, the creek received its name from an early incident in which a cow hide was hung to dry near its banks.

Letcher County, Kentucky
Letcher County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,548. Its county seat is Whitesburg. It was created in 1842 from Harlan and Perry counties, and named for Robert P. Letcher, Governor of Kentucky from 1840 to 1844.
James Ellwood Jones House
James Ellwood Jones House is a historic home located at Switchback, McDowell County, West Virginia.  It is a two-story, frame dwelling with an irregular plan. It features a classically detailed, pedimented porch, and stained glass windows.  Also on the property are a contributing swimming pool dated to the 1920s, a detached covered patio, a circular fountain, terraced garden, and greenhouse.  It was built for James Ellwood Jones, an influential leader in southern West Virginia's coal mining industry.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

McDowell County, West Virginia
McDowell County is a county in the State of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,111, and was estimated to be 17,147 in 2024.

The county seat and the largest city is Welch. McDowell County is the southernmost county in the state. It was created in 1858 by the Virginia General Assembly and named for Virginia Governor James McDowell. It became a part of West Virginia in 1863, when several Union-affiliated counties seceded from the state of Virginia during the American Civil War. McDowell County is located in the Cumberland Mountains, part of the Appalachia region.

Due mostly to a decline in employment in the coal mining industry, McDowell County's population has decreased from almost 100,000 in 1950 to less than 20,000 in 2020. The people of McDowell County suffer high rates of drug abuse and poverty and have a life expectancy well below the national average.
Plymouth-Canton Community Schools
The Plymouth-Canton Community Schools (P-CCS) is a school district headquartered at E. J. McClendon Educational Center in Plymouth, Michigan. The district's boundary includes areas in Wayne County and Washtenaw County, including City of Plymouth, Plymouth Township, and parts of Canton Township, Salem Township, Superior Township, and Northville Township.

Washtenaw County, Michigan
Washtenaw County (/ˈwɔːʃtənɔː/ WAWSH-tə-naw) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the population was 372,258. The county seat and largest city is Ann Arbor. The county was authorized by legislation in 1822 and organized as a county in 1826.
Washtenaw County comprises the Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The county is home to the University of Michigan, Eastern Michigan University, Washtenaw Community College, and Concordia University Ann Arbor.
Hairpin turn
A hairpin turn (also hairpin bend or hairpin corner) is a bend in a road with a very acute inner angle, making it necessary for an oncoming vehicle to turn about 180° to continue on the road. It is named for its resemblance to a bent metal hairpin. Such turns in ramps and trails may be called switchbacks in American English by analogy with switchback railways.

Bobby pin
A bobby pin (US English, known as a kirbigrip, kirby grip or hair grip in the United Kingdom) is a type of hairpin, usually of metal or plastic, used in coiffure to hold hair in place. It is a small double-pronged hair pin or clip that slides into hair with the prongs open and then the flexible prongs close over the hair to hold it in place. They are typically plain and unobtrusively colored, but some are elaborately decorated or jeweled. Bobby pins became popular in the United States in the 1920s to hold the new bobbed hairstyles.
The Hairdresser's Husband
The Hairdresser's Husband (French: Le Mari de la coiffeuse) is a 1990 French comedy-drama film written by Patrice Leconte and Claude Klotz, and directed by Leconte. Jean Rochefort stars as the title character.

The film received the Prix Louis Delluc. In 1991 it was nominated for "Best Foreign-Language Film" in the British Academy Film Awards.

Patrick Cauvin
Claude Klotz (6 October 1932 – 13 August 2010), better known by his pen name Patrick Cauvin, was a French teacher turned writer. He was born in Marseille and died in Paris.

His novel E=mc² Mon Amour was adapted into the Oscar winning 1979 film A Little Romance.

Cauvin wrote a sequel to the novel E=mc² Mon Amour entitled Pythagore, je t'adore that was released in 2001.
2010 Memorial Van Damme
The 2010 Memorial Van Damme was the 34th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Brussels, Belgium. Held on 27 August at the King Baudouin Stadium, it was the fourteenth leg of the inaugural IAAF Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit – and the second half of the final for 2010 (the first half being held during the Weltklasse Zürich in Zürich, Switzerland on 18–19 August).

King Baudouin Stadium
The King Baudouin Stadium (French: Stade Roi Baudouin [stad ʁwa bodwɛ̃]; Dutch: Koning Boudewijnstadion [ˌkoːnɪŋ ˈbʌudəʋɛinˌstaːdijɔn]) is a sports ground in Brussels, Belgium. Located in the north-western district of the City of Brussels, it was built to embellish the Heysel/Heizel Plateau in view of the 1935 Brussels International Exposition. It was inaugurated on 23 August 1930, with Crown Prince Leopold attending the opening ceremony. The stadium hosted 70,000 at the time. Its name honours King Baudouin, Leopold's successor as King of the Belgians from 1951 to his death in 1993.

The stadium is located at 135/2, avenue de Marathon/Marathonlaan, on the border of the Bruparck entertainment park (with the Atomium, Mini-Europe miniature park and Kinepolis cinema). It can be accessed from the metro stations Heysel/Heizel and Roi Baudouin/Koning Boudewijn on line 6.
Pedapalem
Pedapalem is a village in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Atchampet mandal in Guntur revenue division. The village forms a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region and is under the jurisdiction of APCRDA.

Guntur revenue division
Guntur revenue division is an administrative division in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises 10 mandals and is one of the two revenue divisions in the district, along with Tenali. Guntur serves as the headquarters of the division.
1997 ICC Trophy
The Carlsberg 1997 ICC Trophy was a cricket tournament played in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia between 24 March and 13 April 1997. It was the Cricket World Cup qualification tournament for the 1999 Cricket World Cup.

Bangladesh were the winners of the tournament, defeating Kenya in the final, while Scotland won the third place play-off. These three teams took the three available spots in the World Cup, Bangladesh and Scotland both qualifying for this tournament for the first time.

With some World Cup matches scheduled in Scotland and the Netherlands, Scotland would become the first Associate nation to play a home fixture in a World Cup. The Netherlands failed to qualify but World Cup matches were still held in the Netherlands.

Carlsberg Group
Carlsberg A/S (/ˈkɑːrlzbɜːrɡ/ KARLZ-burg, Danish: [ˈkʰɑˀlsˌpɛɐ̯ˀ]) is a Danish multinational brewer. Founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen, the company's headquarters is in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since Jacobsen's death in 1887, the majority owner of the company has been the Carlsberg Foundation. The company's flagship brand is Carlsberg, named after Jacobsen's son Carl Jacobsen. The company employs around 33,000 people, primarily in Europe and Asia. 
Carlsberg is currently the seventh largest brewery in the world based on revenue.
Kate Zambreno
Kate Zambreno (born December 30, 1977) is an American novelist, essayist, critic, and professor. They teach writing in the graduate nonfiction program at Columbia University and at Sarah Lawrence College. Zambreno was a 2021 Guggenheim Fellow in Nonfiction.

Sarah Lawrence College
Sarah Lawrence College (SLC) is a private liberal arts college in Yonkers, New York, United States. Founded as a women's college in 1926, Sarah Lawrence College has been coeducational since 1968. The college's campus in Yonkers maintains a Bronxville mailing address and sits roughly 20 miles from New York City. In athletics, the Sarah Lawrence Gryphons compete in the Skyline Conference of the NCAA Division III.
Weequahic High School
Weequahic High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in the Weequahic section of Newark in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school is operated by the Newark Public Schools and is located at 279 Chancellor Avenue. The school is accredited until July 2031 and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1935. The school was listed on the New Jersey Register and the National Register of Historic Places in 2024.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 553 students and 30.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 18.4:1. There were 342 students (61.8% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 21 (3.8% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
2016 Hoboken train crash
On September 29, 2016, an NJ Transit commuter train crashed at Hoboken Terminal in Hoboken, New Jersey. The accident occurred during the morning rush hour, at one of the busiest transportation hubs in the New York metropolitan area. One person died, and 114 others were injured. The train operator, who was in the cab car, was among the injured.

Train driver
A train driver is a person who operates a train, railcar, or other rail transport vehicle. The driver is in charge of and is responsible for the mechanical operation of the train, train speed, and all of the train handling (also known as brake handling). Train drivers must follow certain guidelines for driving a train safely.
Harald A. Rehder
Harald Alfred Rehder (June 5, 1907 – November 10, 1996) was an American malacologist. His wife, Lois Corea Rehder (1911–1988), was also a malacologist.

He (and/or his wife) named 172 marine taxa according to the World Register of Marine Species

He graduated from Bowdoin College (BA), Harvard University (MA), George Washington University (PhD).

He was a leading authority on the systematics and biogeography of the molluscan fauna of Polynesia.
He introduced 238 new taxa on Mollusca.

Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College (/ˈboʊdɪn/ ⓘ BOH-din) is a private liberal arts college in Brunswick, Maine, United States. It was chartered in 1794.

In addition to its Brunswick campus, Bowdoin owns a 118-acre (48 ha) coastal studies center on Orr's Island and a 200-acre (81 ha) scientific field station on Kent Island in the Bay of Fundy.

The college was a founding member of its athletic conference, the New England Small College Athletic Conference, and the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium, an athletic conference and inter-library exchange with Bates College and Colby College. Bowdoin has over 30 varsity teams, and the school mascot was selected as a polar bear in 1913 to honor Robert Peary, a Bowdoin alumnus who claimed to have led the first successful expedition to the North Pole.
Bishop's Cleeve
Bishop's Cleeve is a large village and civil parish in the Borough of Tewkesbury in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire, England. The village lies at the foot of Cleeve Hill, the highest point in the Cotswolds. Bishop's Cleeve had a population of 10,612 in 2011, which has increased to 14,068 in the 2021 Census. The village is 13 miles (21 km) from Gloucester and 44 miles (71 km) from Oxford. The village is also close to the towns of Cheltenham 4.6 miles (7.4 km), Tewkesbury 7.3 miles (11.7 km), Evesham 13.2 miles (21.2 km), and Malvern 20 miles (32 km).

Cleeve Hill, Gloucestershire
Cleeve Hill (also known as Cleeve Cloud) is the highest point both of the Cotswolds hill range and of the county of Gloucestershire, at 330 m (1,080 ft). It is located on Cleeve Common, which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) looked after by a small charity called Cleeve Common Trust (formally Cleeve Common Board of Conservators). It commands a clear view to the west, over Cheltenham and the racecourse, over the River Severn and into Wales; and to the north over Winchcombe.  It is a conspicuous outcrop on the edge of the limestone escarpment, (sometimes called the "Cotswold Edge"). It is crossed by the Cotswold Way footpath.

With the hill's south slopes draining to the River Coln, Cleeve Hill is the highest point in the drainage basin of the River Thames.
Soccer at the 1998 Goodwill Games
The women's soccer tournament at the 1998 Goodwill Games was held from July 25 to 27, 1998. It was the first time women's football was played at the Goodwill Games, and the second time the sport was played overall. No men's tournament was held in 1998. It was also the last football tournament at the Goodwill Games, as the sport was dropped in 2001. All matches were played at the Mitchel Athletic Complex in Uniondale, New York, United States.

The United States won the tournament, winning 2–0 against China PR in the gold medal match.

Mitchel Athletic Complex
The Mitchel Athletic Complex is part of the Mitchel Field complex, located in the East Garden City section of Uniondale, New York, on the site of the decommissioned Mitchel Air Force Base. The facility is owned by Nassau County. It is used mostly for football and soccer and also sometimes for athletics. The athletic complex was built in 1984 and was renovated in 1997; it hosted track and field and soccer events during the 1998 Goodwill Games. Mitchel Field is also home to Nassau Coliseum, Nassau Community College, Hofstra University, Lockheed Corporation, and the Cradle of Aviation Museum.
Jennings Reef
Jennings Reef is a reef, mostly submerged, extending between Avian Island and the Rocca Islands, off the south end of Adelaide Island, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Leading Seaman Ronald A.J. Jennings, the coxswain of the survey motorboat Quest, used by the Royal Navy Hydrographic Survey Unit which charted the feature in 1963.

Rocca Islands
Rocca Islands (67°47′S 68°46′W﻿ / ﻿67.783°S 68.767°W﻿ / -67.783; -68.767) is a group of small islands and rocks 3 nautical miles (6 km) east of Avian Island, off the south end of Adelaide Island. Discovered in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition and named by Charcot for Monsieur Rocca, an acquaintance in Punta Arenas. Remapped by the British Royal Navy Hydrographic Survey Unit in 1963.
Zaplanina
Zaplanina (pronounced [zaplaˈniːna]) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Vransko in central Slovenia. It lies in the hills south of Vransko. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The Municipality of Vransko is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The settlement includes the hamlets of Zgornja Zaplanina (in older sources also Gornja Zaplanina, German: Obersaplanina), Spodnja Zaplanina, and Podles.

Municipality of Vransko
The Municipality of Vransko (pronounced [ˈwɾaːnskɔ]; Slovene: Občina Vransko) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Vransko. Vransko became a municipality in 1998.