hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Historicity (philosophy)
Historicity in philosophy is the idea or fact that something has a historical origin and developed through history: concepts, practices, values. This is opposed to the belief that the same thing, in particular normative institutions or correlated ideologies, is natural or essential and thus exists universally.

Historicity relates to the underlying concept of history, or the intersection of teleology (the concept and study of progress and purpose), temporality (the concept of time), and historiography (semiotics and history of history). Historical "a priori" (historicity of a historical process) is a varying conceptualizations of historicity, emphasizing the linear progress or the repetition or modulation of past events.

Essence
Essence (Latin: essentia) has various meanings and uses for different thinkers and in different contexts. It is used in philosophy and theology as a designation for the property or set of properties or attributes that make an entity the entity it is or, expressed negatively, without which it would lose its identity. Essence is contrasted with accident, which is a property or attribute the entity has accidentally or contingently, but upon which its identity does not depend.
Pierce, Illinois
Pierce was a small unincorporated area in Will County, located in Wilton Township. Pierce was around two miles south of Wilton Center and was about six miles southwest of Peotone. The area was abandoned and is now home to a farm and houses.

Peotone, Illinois
Peotone (/ˈpiːətoʊn/) is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Peotone had a population of 4,150. The city is about 43 miles (69 km) south of Chicago. The village is home to the Peotone High School Blue Devils.
Delta FM
Delta FM was an Independent Local Radio station, broadcasting to East Hampshire, South West Surrey and North West Sussex. The station provided local news, community information, and specialist music programming to the towns of Alton, Bordon, Four Marks, Haslemere, Hindhead, Liphook, Midhurst and Petersfield.

Liphook
Liphook is a village in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 4.1 miles (6.6 km) west of Haslemere, bypassed by the A3 road, and lies on the Hampshire/West Sussex/Surrey borders. It is in the civil parish of Bramshott and Liphook, which includes Bramshott, Griggs Green, Conford, Passfield, Hammer Bottom (also called Hammer Vale), Ludshott Common and Waggoners Wells, and has an area of 6,540 acres (2,650 ha) and a population of 8,491 in 2011.

Liphook has a railway station, on the Portsmouth Direct line.

The village grew as a coaching stop between London and Portsmouth during the 17th and 18th centuries. It served as a base during the First World War and the Second World War for Canadian troops stationed in Southern England.
Juho Heikki Pakkala
Juho Heikki (J. H.) Pakkala (16 March 1877 – 24 October 1952) was a Finnish farmer and politician, born in Veteli. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1909 to 1910, representing the Finnish Party.

Veteli
Veteli (Swedish: Vetil) is a municipality of Finland.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of almost 3200 in 2019. and covers an area of 520.91 square kilometres (201.12 sq mi) of which 18.6 km2 (7.2 sq mi) is water. The population density is 5.84 inhabitants per square kilometre (15.1/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Evijärvi, Halsua, Kaustinen, Kronoby, Lappajärvi, Perho and Vimpeli.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
St. Vital Island
St. Vital Island is an island in Bay De Noc Township, Delta County, Michigan. The island is located in Big Bay de Noc in Lake Michigan. It is 20.52 acres (8.30 ha) in size and under a half mile from the Stonington Peninsula shore. St. Vital Island is uninhabited and owned by the United States Forest Service. It is part of the Hiawatha National Forest. The island is home to a small colony of nesting Common terns and Black-crowned night herons.

Hiawatha National Forest
Hiawatha National Forest is a 894,836-acre (362,127 ha) National Forest in the Upper Peninsula of the state of Michigan in the United States. Commercial logging is conducted in some areas. The United States Forest Service administers this National Forest; it is physically divided into two subunits, commonly called the Eastside 46°14′N 84°50′W﻿ / ﻿46.233°N 84.833°W﻿ / 46.233; -84.833 and Westside 46°08′N 86°40′W﻿ / ﻿46.133°N 86.667°W﻿ / 46.133; -86.667.
Grebo people
The Grebo or Glebo people are an ethnic group or subgroup within the larger Kru group of Africa, a language and cultural ethnicity, and to certain of its constituent elements. Within Liberia members of this group are found primarily in Maryland County and Grand Kru County in the southeastern portion of the country, but also in River Gee County and Sinoe County. The Grebo population in Côte d'Ivoire are known as the Krumen and are found in the southwestern corner of it.

A 2001 estimate of the number of Grebo people in Liberia is approximately 387,000. There are an estimated 48,300 Grebo in Côte d'Ivoire, not counting refugees. Precise numbers are lacking, since many have been displaced by the civil war in Liberia during the late 20th and early 21st century.

This Grebo has a long traditional culture that features ritualistic passages and rituals, as well as shrines and divine beliefs that extend into their creation but are extensions of their ancestors and world around them.

Erythrophleum suaveolens
Erythrophleum suaveolens, also known as the ordeal tree, is a species of flowering plant that can be found across most of tropical Africa. The species are 20 metres (66 ft) in height, and have a rough and blackish bark. The plants leaves have 2–3 pairs of pinnae, which carry 7–13 leaflets. The leaflets are 5 by 2.5 centimetres (1.97 in × 0.98 in), are green coloured and ovate. The flowers have fluffy spikes, and are creamy-yellow coloured. Fruits are hard, the pod of which is flat.

The bark of the tree has been used in Liberia to make a toxic concoction used for a form of trial by ordeal called "sassywood". This use has given it the common name of the "Ordeal Tree".
2014–15 FA Women's Cup
The 2014–15 FA Women's Cup was the 45th staging of the FA Women's Cup, a knockout cup competition for women's football teams in England. Arsenal were the defending champions, having beaten Everton 2–0 in the previous final, but lost in the quarter-finals to Chelsea. The 2015 Final took place at Wembley Stadium for the first time, and was held on 1 August 2015. The match was televised live on BBC One.

Everton F.C. Women
Everton Football Club (/ˈɛvərtən/) is an English women's association football team based in Liverpool, England, that competes in the FA Women's Super League, the top division of English women's football. Formed in 1983 as Hoylake W.F.C., it is now part of Everton and has played home games at Walton Hall Park in Walton since February 2020. As of 2025, they play at Goodison Park, the former home of the Men's Team. The team has won the Premier League National Division once, the Premier League Cup once, and the Women's FA Cup twice.
Addison Pratt
Addison Pratt (February 21, 1802 – October 10, 1872) was an early Latter-day Saint convert and missionary. Pratt preached in French Polynesia from 1844 to 1848 and from 1850 to 1852, and is recognized by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as the first Latter-day Saint missionary to preach in a language other than English.

Harold B. Lee Library
The Harold B. Lee Library (HBLL) is the main academic library of Brigham Young University (BYU) located in Provo, Utah. The library traces its roots to the late 19th century and has been renamed, relocated, and expanded various times to accommodate the growth of its collection. It was renamed in 1973 after Harold B. Lee, the 11th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Fire on the Floor
Fire on the Floor is the eighth solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Beth Hart. It was released on October 14, 2016 in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, and February 3, 2017 in the rest of the world.

Hart wrote and recorded the songs for Fire on the Floor before the songs for her previous album Better Than Home was mixed.  Hart recorded with some musicians she had not performed with before, such as Michael Landau and Waddy Wachtel on electric guitar, and they recorded sixteen songs in three days, although the mixing took much longer. Other artists performing on the album are Jim Cox on piano, Dean Parks on acoustic guitar, Brian Allen on bass, Rick Marotta on drums, and Ivan Neville on the Hammond B3.

The album was Produced by Oliver Leiber and recorded by Niko Bolas. It debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Blues Albums Chart, becoming her sixth number one album overall.

Waddy Wachtel
Robert "Waddy" Wachtel (born May 24, 1947) is an American musician, composer and record producer, most notable for his guitar work. Wachtel has worked as session musician for other artists such as Linda Ronstadt, Beth Hart, Stevie Nicks, Miranda Lambert, Kim Carnes, Randy Newman, Keith Richards, The Rolling Stones (lead guitar on "Saint of Me"), Jon Bon Jovi, James Taylor, Iggy Pop, Warren Zevon, Bryan Ferry, Michael Sweet, Jackson Browne, Karla Bonoff,  The Motels and Andrew Gold, both in the studio and live.
Uppur Thermal Power Project
Uppur Supercritical Thermal Power Project is located in Uppur and near Tiruvadanai, Ramanathapuram District in Tamil Nadu. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of TANGEDCO. This project is being constructed by BHEL, L&T and Reliance Infrastructure.

Ramanathapuram
Ramanathapuram (pronunciationⓘ), also known as Ramnad, is a city Municipal Corporation in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the administrative headquarters of Ramanathapuram district and the second largest town (by population) in Ramanathapuram district.
Diana Garnham
Diana Garnham is a British science administrator.  She was chief executive of the Science Council from 2006 to 2015.

Garnham was educated at Christ's Hospital, followed by Lady Margaret School, Parson's Green, London. She earned a degree in politics from University of Leicester, followed by a master's degree in war studies at King's College, London, then research in international politics at the Aberystwyth University, but she did not finish her PhD.

She was chief executive of the Association of Medical Research Charities (AMRC) from 1991 to 2005.

Garnham was chief executive of the Science Council from 2006 to 2015.

She was chair of the Department for Business Innovation and Skills' Expert Group on science for careers.

Christ's Hospital
Christ's Hospital is a public school (English fee-charging boarding school for pupils aged 11–18) with a royal charter, located to the south of Horsham in West Sussex.

The school was founded in 1552 and the royal charter granted in 1553 (26 June, 7 Edw. VI). Since its establishment, Christ's Hospital has been a charity school, with a core aim to offer children from disadvantaged backgrounds the chance of a better education.
S. M. Abul Kalam Azad (admiral)
Sheikh Muhammad Abul Kalam Azad (born April 30, 1967) is a retired two star officer of Bangladesh Navy and former commander   Dhaka Naval Area, an assignment he uphold before as Naval Administrator Dhaka. Prior that, he was high commissioner of Bangladesh to Maldives. He is also the former Commander of Bangladesh navy fleet and Chairman of Chittagong Port Authority,Mongla port Authority.

Bangladesh Navy
The Bangladesh Navy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, romanized: Bānlādeś Noubāhinī; abbreviated as BN) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for defending the maritime interests and territorial waters of Bangladesh. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, the Navy conducts maritime security, naval defense, surveillance, and disaster relief operations. Established after the 1971 Liberation War, the Bangladesh Navy has developed into a modern and professional force, actively participating in United Nations peacekeeping operations and regional maritime security initiatives. The Bangladesh Navy today is typically categorized as a green-water navy both domestically and internationally.
Gentofte BK
Gentofte Badminton Klub (Gentofte Badminton Klub), also known as GBK is a badminton club in Gentofte, Gentofte Municipality, Copenhagen, Denmark. It is based in Gentofte Sportsby. The club has won more than 100 titles. It experienced its most successful period in the late 1970s and 1980 when it won Europe Cup seven times. Former players include some of Denmark's most successful badminton players, including, Morten Frost, Lene Køppen, Poul-Erik Høyer, Peter Gade and Camilla Martin.

Europe Cup (badminton)
The Europe Cup (also known as European Badminton Club Championships) is a badminton team championships played by clubs from all around Europe, comparable to the UEFA Champions League in football.
It was established in 1978 by the members of Badminton Europe.
Saija Tarkki
Saija Katariina Tarkki née Sirviö (born 29 December 1982) is a Finnish retired ice hockey player and the former general manager of Oulun Kärpät Naiset in the Naisten Liiga (NSML). The Oulun Kärpät director of youth ice hockey since 2022, she briefly served as interim head coach of Kärpät Naiset in October 2023.

Tarkki represented Finland at four Winter Olympics and eight IIHF Women's World Championships, winning bronze in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and at the World Championship tournaments in 2004, 2008, and 2009.

Finland women's national ice hockey team
The Finnish women's national ice hockey team represents Finland at the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Women's World Championships, the Olympic Games, the Four Nations Cup, and other international-level women's ice hockey competitions. The women's national team is overseen by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association and its general manager is Tuula Puputti. Finland's national women's program is ranked third in the world by the IIHF and had 5,858 active players as of 2019.
Gordon Huether
Gordon Huether (born 1959 in Rochester, New York) is a German-American artist and CEO of Gordon Huether + Partners, Inc. (commonly known as Gordon Huether Studio or The Hay Barn) located in Napa, California, United States.

Huether studied stained glass techniques at the Pilchuck Glass School, in Stanwood, Washington. He also developed his contemporary style during a collaborative project with the German contemporary stained glass artist Johannes Schreiter.

In 2021, Huether was selected to be on the Napa Planning Commission.

Napa, California
Napa is the largest city in and the county seat of Napa County and a principal city of Wine Country in Northern California, United States. Located in the North Bay region of the Bay Area, the city had a population of 76,921 as of the July, 2024. Napa is a major tourist destination in California, known for its wineries, restaurants, and arts culture.
Nadzikambia
Nadzikambia (derived from their name in Chichewa) is a genus of chameleons. It includes two species of small, plesiomorphic chameleons from the Ruo Gorge forest on Mount Mulanje in Malawi and Mount Mabu in Mozambique.

Initially only a single species was recognized and placed in Chamaeleo. It was for some time moved to the South African dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion) by some (Klaver & Böhme, 1986). This was criticized because plesiomorphies cannot be used to define clades, and eventually turned out to be in error. In 2006, it was moved to its own genus Nadzikambia. In 2010, the second species of Nadzikambia was described.

Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and  symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.

Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species.

Apomorphic and synapomorphic characteristics convey information about evolutionary clades and can be used to define taxa. However, plesiomorphic and symplesiomorphic characteristics cannot.

The term symplesiomorphy was introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig.
Craig Howard
Craig Howard (January 29, 1952 – January 20, 2017) was an American football coach and former player. At the time of his death he was head football coach at Southern Oregon University, a position he had held since 2011. Howard served as the head football coach at Oregon Institute of Technology from 1990 until 1992, when the school dropped its football program. He was later a high school coach of Heisman Trophy winner Tim Tebow at Allen D. Nease High School in Ponte Vedra, Florida, where his team won the high school state championship. He led the Southern Oregon Raiders to the NAIA Football National Championship in 2014.

In 2017, Howard died at his home at the age of 64.

Allen D. Nease High School
Allen D. Nease High School is a high school in the St. Johns County School District, located in the Nocatee census-designated place (with a Ponte Vedra, Florida postal address), in St. Johns County, Florida. It is a part of the St. Johns County School District.

It was established in 1981. The school is a member of the International Baccalaureate program.

Communities in the school's attendance boundary include: the majority of Nocatee CDP.
2019 Erste Bank Open – Singles
Kevin Anderson was the defending champion, but could not participate this year due to a knee injury.

Dominic Thiem won the title, defeating Diego Schwartzman in the final, 3–6, 6–4, 6–3. Thiem was the first local player to win both Austrian ATP tournaments (Kitzbühel and Vienna) in the same year.

Kevin Anderson (tennis)
Kevin Michael Anderson (born 18 May 1986) is a South African former professional tennis player. He achieved his career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) ranking of world No. 5 on 16 July 2018. He was the first South African to be ranked in the top 5 since Kevin Curren was No. 5 on 23 September 1985.

In February 2011, Anderson won his first ATP Tour title at the South African Open in his hometown of Johannesburg. Anderson reached his first major final at the 2017 US Open, where he lost to Rafael Nadal. In the 2018 Wimbledon semifinals, Anderson reached his second major final by defeating American John Isner in the second-longest match in the history of major tournaments, at 6 hours and 36 minutes (second only to the 2010 match between John Isner and Nicolas Mahut). He then lost to Novak Djokovic in the final. On 3 May 2022, Anderson retired at age 35, but he announced his comeback in July 2023.
Avatrombopag
Avatrombopag, sold under the brand name Doptelet,  is a medication that is used for certain conditions that lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelets) such as thrombocytopenia associated with chronic liver disease in adults who are to undergo a planned medical or dental procedure. It was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2018, the European Union in June 2019, and Australia in January 2023.

It acts as a thrombopoietin receptor agonist.

Thrombopoietin receptor
The thrombopoietin receptor also known as the myeloproliferative leukemia protein or CD110 (Cluster of Differentiation 110) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MPL (myeloproliferative leukemia virus) oncogene.
Um Menino Muito Maluquinho
Um Menino Muito Maluquinho was a Brazilian children's show, produced and aired by TVE Brasil and was originally broadcast from 19 March to 10 July 2006. The series was based on book of the same name by Brazilian cartoonist Ziraldo, with 26 episodes and one season. It was directed by César Rodrigues. Cao Hamburger and Anna Muylaert wrote the screenplay. Muyalert is also author of some of the character's books.

The series focuses on the adventures of the fictional protagonist, Maluquinho, and his friends at 5 and 10 years of age, which covers topics about art, time, friendship, school and other aspects of life, usually narrated by a 30-year old Maluquinho. The series received positive reviews from television critics, earned high ratings, and has won some awards, such as Japan's NHK Japan Prize award. It was also nominated for an International Emmy Award for Best Children and Youth program in 2007.

Ziraldo
Ziraldo Alves Pinto (October 24, 1932 – April 6, 2024), known mononymously as Ziraldo, was a Brazilian author, cartoonist, painter, comics creator, and journalist. Ziraldo began his career as a cartoonist in the 1950s, working for several Brazilian magazines and newspapers. His unique style and humorous take on everyday life quickly garnered a significant following.

His books have sold about ten million copies, have been translated to many foreign languages and adapted to the theater and cinema. His children's books, such as the popular O Menino Maluquinho  (The Nutty Boy), have also been the basis of successful films and television series in Brazil, following its original publishing in 1980.

In addition to his work in children's literature, Ziraldo also made contributions to adult literature and satire. He was a co-founder of the influential Brazilian humor magazine "O Pasquim," which played a role in the country's political and cultural landscape during the military dictatorship.
St. James Cemetery (Toronto)
St. James' Cemetery and Crematorium is a historic cemetery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the oldest cemetery in Toronto that is still in use, having opened in 1844. It was originally the burial ground for the Cathedral Church of St. James, but it later became non-denominational. The main entrance to the cemetery is located at 635 Parliament Street, north of Wellesley Street East. Just to the west is the St. James Town neighbourhood, which is named after the cemetery. It is adjacent to the Toronto Necropolis cemetery.

Non-denominational
A non-denominational person or organization is one that does not follow (or is not restricted to) any particular or specific religious denomination.

The term has been used in the context of various faiths, including Jainism, Baháʼí Faith, Zoroastrianism, Unitarian Universalism, Neo-Paganism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Wicca. It stands in contrast with a religious denomination. Religious people of a non-denominational persuasion tend to be more open-minded in their views on various religious matters and rulings. Some converts towards non-denominational strains of thought have been influenced by disputes over traditional teachings in the previous institutions they attended. Nondenominationalism has also been used as a tool for introducing neutrality into a public square when the local populace is derived from a wide-ranging set of religious beliefs.