hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Junction Hollow
Junction Hollow is a small wooded valley bordering the west flanks of Schenley Park and the campus of Carnegie Mellon University and the southern edge of the University of Pittsburgh's campus in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

The 150-foot-deep (46 m) valley runs south to north approximately 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km). It begins where Four Mile Run empties into the Monongahela River and runs through the neighborhood of Four Mile Run north into Oakland along Schenley Park, Carnegie Mellon, and the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, and ends at Neville Street behind Central Catholic High School. It is spanned by four major bridges; from north to south they are the Forbes Avenue Bridge, Schenley Bridge, Charles Anderson Memorial Bridge, and Frazier Street Bridge.

Junction Hollow is often confused for Panther Hollow, which at Panther Hollow Lake veers off from it to the northeast into the park.

Monongahela River
The Monongahela River (/məˌnɒŋɡəˈhiːlə/ mə-NONG-gə-HEE-lə, /-ˈheɪ-/ -⁠HAY-), sometimes referred to locally as the Mon (/mɒn/), is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river on the Allegheny Plateau in north-central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania. The river flows from the confluence of its west and east forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable.
Crois-iarna
The Crois-iarna ('iron cross') within the textile arts, was a kind of hank reel for yarn. It was a rudimentary form of the ciud-siorraig. It consisted of a stick of a certain length, with a cross piece at each end, set at right angles to each other. The yarn is coiled on the cross pieces of the spool of the spinning wheel, so many threads or turns around the cross pieces, which threads are counted, make an old yard of cloth, i.e. 46 inches of a constant width such as the loom in use suffices to weave. It was found in Uist.

Spinning wheel
A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from fibres. It was fundamental to the textile industry prior to the Industrial Revolution. It laid the foundations for later machinery such as the spinning jenny and spinning frame, which displaced the spinning wheel during the Industrial Revolution.
Esther 7
Esther 7 is the seventh chapter of the Book of Esther in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, The author of the book is unknown and modern scholars have established that the final stage of the Hebrew text would have been formed by the second century BCE. Chapters 3 to 8 contain the nine scenes that form the complication in the book. This chapter records the second banquet of Esther. The king Ahasuerus was then determined to grant her any request, so Esther spoke out about the death threat on her people and identifies Haman as the perpetrator of the projected genocide. The king went out to his garden in a rage, but shortly came back to see Haman seemingly threatening Esther on her recliner couch. This caused the king to command the hanging of Haman on the very gallows Haman intended for Mordecai.

Ahasuerus
Ahasuerus (/əˌhæzjuˈɪərəs/ ə-HAZ-ew-EER-əs; Hebrew: אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ, Modern: ʾĂḥašverōš, Tiberian: ʾĂḥašwērōš, commonly Achashverosh; Koine Greek: Ἀσουήρος, romanized: Asouḗros, in the Septuagint; Latin: Assuerus in the Vulgate) is a name applied in the Hebrew Bible to three rulers of Ancient Persia and to a Babylonian official (or Median king) first appearing in the Tanakh in the Book of Esther and later in the Book of Tobit. It is a transliteration of either "Xerxes" or "Artaxerxes;" both are names of multiple Achaemenid dynasty Persian kings.
Charles Boone (scientist)
Charles Boone is a Canadian molecular geneticist and researcher who is currently Professor at the University of Toronto. His research is focused on mapping the genetic interactions of all yeast genes where he has pioneered an automated form of yeast genetics, synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis.

He has been appointed to the National Academy of Sciences as an International Member. In 2014, he was the recipient of the Genetics Society of America (GSA) Edward Novitski Prize, for creativity in genetics.

Edward Novitski Prize
The Edward Novitski Prize is awarded by the Genetics Society of America (GSA) to recognize an extraordinary level of creativity and intellectual ingenuity in solving significant problems in genetics research.

Named in honor of Drosophila geneticist Edward Novitski (1918-2006), the award recognizes scientific achievement that stands out from the body of innovative work, that is deeply impressive to creative masters in the field, and that solves a difficult problem in genetics. It recognizes the beautiful and intellectually ingenious experimental design and execution involved in genetics scientific discovery.

The prize, established by the Novitski family, includes an engraved medal.
Goin' Bananas (TV series)
Goin' Bananas (also known as Still Goin' Bananas) is a Philippine television sketch comedy show broadcast by BBC, IBC and ABS-CBN. Directed by Al Quinn, starring Christopher de Leon, Edgar Mortiz, Jay Ilagan, Johnny Delgado and Al Tantay. It aired on February 3, 1986 to January 4, 1992.

Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation
The Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was a Philippine television network that began operations on November 4, 1973, and ceased transmission on September 7, 1986.

The network was well-remembered for its theme song, "Big Beautiful Country", composed by José Mari Chan and sung by Chan with Basil Valdez, Tillie Moreno, Alice Bell and Nonong Pedero.
Claude Ake
Claude Ake (18 February 1939 in Omoku – 7 November 1996) was a Nigerian political scientist from Omoku, in Rivers State, Nigeria. Ake (pronounced AH-kay) was considered "one of Africa's foremost political philosophers." He specialized in political economy, political theory, and development studies and is well known for his research on development and democracy in Africa. He was professor of political economy and dean of the University of Port Harcourt's Faculty of Social Sciences for some years in the 1970s and 1980s after having taught at Columbia University, where he earned his  Ph.D. in 1966. He held various academic positions at institutions around the world, including at Yale University (United States), University of Nairobi (Kenya), University of Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and University of Port Harcourt (Nigeria). He was active in Nigerian politics, a critic of corruption and authoritarian rule in Africa. His permanent home was in Port Harcourt.

University of Nairobi
The University of Nairobi (uonbi or UoN; Swahili: Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi) is a collegiate research university based in Nairobi and is the largest university in Kenya. Although its history as an educational institution dates back to 1956, it did not become an independent university until 1970. During that year, the University of East Africa was split into three independent universities: the Makerere University in Uganda, the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania, and the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

During the 2023 academic year, the university had 49,047 students, of whom 35,897 were undergraduates and 11,003 were postgraduates. The university launched several policy frameworks and introduced self-funded enrollment (also called 'module 2') to cope with the rising demand for higher education in Kenya.
Quý Dương
NSND Phạm Quý Dương (Hải Dương, 1937 - 28 June 2011 at Hanoi) was a Vietnamese classical singer, and vocal coach at the Vietnam National Academy of Music. He was selected by Russian voice coaches as the singer to sing the lead baritone role in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin at the Hanoi Opera in 1960, thus becoming Vietnam's first opera singer. He completed his training with Belcanto arias, some of which had been retained in the opera's repertoire from the French colonial period. In later years, together with NSND Trần Hiếu and NSƯT Trung Kiên, Quý Dương was counted as one of those affectionately known as the "3C Trio" (Vietnamese Tam ca 3C, from tam ca 3 “cụ”, old) - a term loosely modelled on Europe's Three Tenors, though the three did not perform as a trio.

People's Artist
People's Artist is an honorary title in the Soviet Union, Union republics, in some other Eastern bloc states (and communist states in general), as well as in a number of post-Soviet states, modeled after the title of the People's Artist of the USSR.
P. Meerakutty
Pareeth Mammy Meerakutty (28 February 1930 – 24 August 2017) was a Malayalam writer, literary critic, and teacher. He taught Malayalam language and literature at various levels of educational institutions in a teaching career spanning over 44 years.
Meerakutty served as a General Council Member of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi during the period 2011–2014.

Kothamangalam, Kerala
Kothamangalam ([koːd̪ɐmɐŋgɐlɐm]) is a municipality at the foot of the Western Ghats in the Ernakulam district of Kerala, India. It is located 42 km (26.1 mi) east of the district collectorate in Thrikkakara and about 218 km (135.5 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Kothamangalam has a population of 38,837 people, and a population density of 969/km2 (2,510/sq mi).
Breyten Breytenbach
Breyten Breytenbach (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈbrəitən ˈbrəitənbaχ]; 16 September 1939 – 24 November 2024) was a South African writer, poet, and painter. He became internationally well-known as a dissident poet and vocal critic of South Africa under apartheid, and as a political prisoner of the National Party–led South African Government. He was also known as a founding member of the Sestigers, a dissident literary movement, and was one of the most important poets in Afrikaans literature.

Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.
Josef Ledwohn
Josef Ledwohn (24 October 1907 – 4 October 2003) was a prominent German trade unionist and Communist Party official who became an anti-Nazi resistance activist in 1933. He resurfaced in what became the British occupation zone after 1945 and was then, between 1946 and 1954, a leading member of the state parliament ("Landtag") in the newly reconfigured state of North Rhine-Westphalia. He was a leading exponent of German reunification, albeit under conditions to be determined by the East German ruling SED party and the residuum in the west of the old German Communist Party (which by this stage was widely perceived in West Germany as an ill-disguised proxy for Soviet imperialist ambitions).

Ahlen
Ahlen (German pronunciation: [ˈaːlən] ⓘ; Westphalian: Aulen) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, 30 km southeast of Münster. Ahlen is part of the District of Warendorf and is economically the most important town in that district. Ahlen is part of the larger Münster region, and of the historic Münsterland area.
The nearby villages of Dolberg, Vorhelm and Tönnishäuschen
are part of Ahlen, as well. The largest neighboring town is the city of Hamm to the southwest.
1925 Oldham by-election
The 1925 Oldham by-election was a by-election held on 24 June 1925 for the UK House of Commons constituency of Oldham.  Oldham was at that time a two-member constituency. The other seat was held by the Unionist Duff Cooper.

Oldham (UK Parliament constituency)
Oldham was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Oldham, England. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The constituency was created by the Reform Act 1832 and was abolished for the 1950 general election when it was split into the Oldham East and Oldham West constituencies.

The Oldham constituency was where Winston Churchill began his political career. Although taking two attempts to succeed, in the 1900 general election Churchill was elected as the member of Parliament for Oldham. He held the constituency for the Conservative Party until he defected from them in defence of free trade in 1904. He then represented the Liberal Party as MP for the seat until the 1906 general election.
Ruriko Asaoka
Nobuko Asai (浅井 暢子, Asai Nobuko; born 2 July 1940), better known by her stage name Ruriko Asaoka (浅丘 ルリ子, Asaoka Ruriko), is a Japanese actress. She gained a popularity and appeared in over 121 films, as well as mainly worked on stage in addition to an occasional television appearance.

Men and War
Men and War (戦争と人間, Sensō to ningen) is a trilogy of epic war films directed by Satsuo Yamamoto, based on the novel of the same name by Junpei Gomikawa. The films are subtitled Prelude to Destiny (1970), Land of Love and Sorrow (1971), and The Final Chapter (1973). Part I was also released internationally under the title The Battle of Manchuria.

The trilogy follows the rise of the Godai family conglomerate and its involvement in the Second Sino-Japanese War, from the Jinan incident in 1928 to the Nomonhan incident in 1939. Yamamoto had conceived a five-part series, and the story was to continue through the Pacific War to the Tokyo Trials, but Nikkatsu reduced the series to a trilogy after the release of the second film for financial reasons.
Raymond Rahme
Raymond Rahme (born 1945) is a South African professional poker player.  He was the first African to reach a final table at a World Series of Poker Main Event, finishing third and earning $3,048,025, equating to some R21,000,000 in his own country.  He took his seat at the 2007 Main Event by finishing third at the All Africa Poker Championship, the largest poker tournament ever played on the African continent.  Because of this windfall, Rahme has made more money than any other African tournament poker player.

South African rand
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents.

The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies (the dollar, the loti, and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976, when the pula replaced the rand at par.

The rand is legal tender in Zimbabwe as part of its multiple currency system, which also includes other currencies such as the euro, the pound sterling, the US dollar, and the Zimbabwean ZiG.
Topps All-Star Rookie Team
The Topps All-Star Rookie Team, also known as the Topps ASRT, is a list of notable Major League Baseball rookie players chosen annually by Topps Company, Inc. In most years since 1960, the company has issued a special set of baseball cards  featuring the team's members.

Baseball card
A baseball card is a type of trading card relating to baseball, usually printed on cardboard, silk, or plastic. In the 1950s, they came with a stick of gum and a limited number of cards. These cards feature one or more baseball players, teams, stadiums, or celebrities.

Baseball cards are most often found in the Contiguous United States but are also common in Puerto Rico or countries such as Canada, Cuba, South Korea and Japan, where top-level leagues are present with a substantial fan base to support them. Some notable companies producing baseball cards include Topps and Panini Group.

Previous manufacturers include Fleer (now a brand name owned by Upper Deck), Bowman (now a brand name owned by Topps), and Donruss (now a brand name owned by Panini). Baseball card production peaked in the late 1980s and many collectors left the hobby disenchanted after the 1994-95 MLB strike. However, baseball cards are still among the most sought collectibles of all time.
Lindon v. First National Bank
Lindon v. First National Bank, 10 F. 894 (W.D. Pa. 1882), is one of the very earliest precedent-setting US federal court cases involving common law name change.

A woman who had changed her last name to one that was not her husband's original surname was trying to claim control over her inheritance. The court ruled in her favor, "At common law a man may change his name, and he is bound by any contract into which he may enter in his adopted or reputed name, and by his known and recognized name he may sue and be sued." That set forth many things. By common law, one may lawfully change one's name and be "known and recognized" by that new name. Also, one may enter into any kinds of contracts in one's new adopted name. Contracts include employment (see Coppage v. Kansas 236 U.S. 1). Finally, one can be recognized legally in court in one's new name.

Federal judiciary of the United States
The federal judiciary of the United States is one of the three branches of the  U.S. federal government organized under the U.S. Constitution and laws of the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary does not include any state court (which includes local courts), which are completely independent from the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary consists primarily of the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. courts of appeals, and the U.S. district courts. It also includes a variety of other lesser federal tribunals.

Article III of the Constitution requires the establishment of a Supreme Court and permits the Congress to create other federal courts and place limitations on their jurisdiction. Article III states that federal judges are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve until they resign, are impeached and convicted, or die.
Brain Chain
Brain Chain is a strategy-driven trivia board game played by two or three players or teams. The object is to be the first player or team to connect an unbroken row of six "links" horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The game is played on a 10x10 category grid surrounded by an exterior track.  Brain Chain has been described as Trivial Pursuit with a Go-Moku win mechanic plus a dash of Pueblo added in.

Brain Chain was designed by Alicia Vaz and Scot Blackburn, who are Los Angeles attorneys, and Kris Harter, a graduate of Pacific Union College and  a teacher at Loma Linda Academy.  Roy Ice designed all of the graphics on the gameboard and box.  Brigit Warner edited all of the trivia questions. Brain Chain is currently owned and distributed by Brain Chain Games, Inc.

Games Magazine has named Brain Chain a Top 100 Game.

Pacific Union College
Pacific Union College (PUC) is a private Seventh-day Adventist liberal arts college in Angwin, California. It is the only four-year college in Napa County, and the twelfth oldest institution of higher education in California. As a coeducational residential college with an almost exclusively undergraduate student body, most of those who attend the college are four-year students living on campus.

PUC is accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission and maintains various programmatic accreditation for specific programs. Enrollment at Pacific Union College is roughly 825. The college offers about 60 undergraduate majors and three master's programs organized in 25 academic departments, with its health science degrees the largest number of those sought out by students. The campus occupies 200 acres (0.81 km2) of the college's 1,800 acres (7.3 km2) in property.
American Trucking Ass'ns v. Scheiner
American Trucking Associations, Inc. v. Scheiner, 483 U.S. 266 (1987), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a state tax on using motor vehicles on the highway is unconstitutional when the amount of the tax is not calculated to be proportional to highway use and when the tax treats in-state and out-of-state road users differently.

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.
Royal Consort Ik-Bi
Royal Consort Ik of the Gaeseong Wang (Han) clan (Korean: 익비 왕씨 (한씨); Hanja: 益妃 王氏(韓氏); 1340 – ?) was the 4th wife of her eleventh cousin, King Gongmin of Goryeo as they were same descents from King Hyeonjong and Queen Wonhye.

Queen Wonhye
Queen Wonhye of the Ansan Kim clan (Korean: 원혜왕후 김씨; Hanja: 元惠王后 金氏; 1000 – 31 July 1022), posthumously and commonly known as Queen Mother Wonhye (원혜태후; 元惠太后) was the 4th wife of King Hyeonjong of Goryeo, younger sister of Queen Wonseong and elder sister of Queen Wonpyeong.
Jérôme Garcès
Jérôme Garcès (born 24 October 1973) is a French former international and professional rugby union referee who currently works as a discipline and refereeing advisor for the France national team.

Originally from Béarn, France, he was a regular referee in the Top 14 and also officiated in the European EPCR Challenge Cup and Champions Cup competitions for a long time. At international level, Garcès refereed matches at the Six Nations Championship, The Rugby Championship as well as the Rugby World Cup, and in 2019 became the first French referee to take charge of the World Cup final, after which he retired.

Regarded at the time as one of the best officials in the world, he was renowned for his pedagogy and his intent to protect the players' physical integrity and welfare.

Rugby union match officials
Rugby union match officials are responsible for enforcing the laws of rugby union during a match. "Every match is under the control of match officials who consist of the referee and two touch judges or assistant referees." Further officials can be authorised depending on the level and form of the game.
Mingalaba
Mingalaba (Burmese: မင်္ဂလာပါ, MLCTS: mangga.lapa [miɴɡa̰làbà]; variously romanised as mingalarpar, mingalabar, or mingalar par) is the formal Burmese greeting. It is typically accompanied by a slight bow, or more formally, an Añjali Mudrā gesture, wherein the palms are folded together. The phrase "mingalaba" is typically rendered in English as "may you be blessed" or "auspiciousness to you."

MLC Transcription System
The Myanmar Language Commission Transcription System (1980), also known as the MLC Transcription System (MLCTS), is a transliteration system for rendering Burmese in the Latin alphabet. It is loosely based on the common system for romanization of Pali, has some similarities to the ALA-LC romanization and was devised by the Myanmar Language Commission. The system is used in many linguistic publications regarding Burmese and is used in MLC publications as the primary form of romanization of Burmese.

The transcription system is based on the orthography of formal Burmese and is not suited for colloquial Burmese, which has substantial differences in phonology from formal Burmese. Differences are mentioned throughout the article.