hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arts Project Australia
Arts Project Australia Inc. is a registered charity and non-profit organisation located in Northcote, an inner northern area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The organisation provides facilitation/mentoring, studio and exhibition spaces for artists with intellectual disabilities, and as such has been identified as a major centre for the promotion and exhibition of outsider art, or art that has been produced outside of the contemporary and historical mainstream.  In 2016 there were approximately 130 artists attending the studio,  with the work of exhibiting artists featuring alongside works from the broader contemporary art community in the annual rotating exhibition program.

Centre for Contemporary Photography
The Centre for Contemporary Photography (CCP), in Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, is a venue for the exhibition of contemporary photo-based arts, providing a context for the enjoyment, education, understanding and appraisal of contemporary practice.
Enid Nemy
Enid Nemy (born April 21, 1924) is a retired Canadian-American reporter and columnist for The New York Times for many years. She began at the Times in 1963, and remained for four decades before retiring. She was awarded the 1984 Matrix Award "for achievement in newspapers and wire services".

After retirement, she continued to pen the occasional obituary for such illustrissimi as Enid A. Haupt, Bill Blass, Eugene Lang, Lucille Lortel, Betsey Whitney, Patricia Buckley, Leona Helmsley, Elaine Kaufman, Larry Hagman, and Carol Channing, among others.

Bill Blass
William Ralph Blass (June 22, 1922 – June 12, 2002) was an American fashion designer. He was the recipient of many fashion awards, including seven Coty Awards and the Fashion Institute of Technology's Lifetime Achievement Award (1999).
Umberleigh
Umberleigh is a former large manor within the historic hundred of (North) Tawton, but today a small village in North Devon in England. It used to be an ecclesiastical parish, but following the building of the church at Atherington it became a part of that parish. It forms however a part of the civil parish of Chittlehampton, which is mostly located on the east side of the River Taw.

The manor of Umberleigh, which had its own entry in the Domesday Book of 1086, was entirely situated on the west side of the River Taw and was centred on the Nunnery which was given by William the Conqueror to the Holy Trinity Abbey in Caen, Normandy.

The site was later occupied by the manor house of Umberleigh, the present Georgian manifestation of which, a large and grand farmhouse, is known as "Umberleigh House". Next to the manor house in about 1275 was founded Umberleigh Chapel, now a ruin the single remaining wall of which forms the back wall of a farm implements shed.

North Devon
North Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based just outside Barnstaple, the district's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Ilfracombe, Lynton and Lynmouth and South Molton along with numerous villages, seaside resorts and surrounding rural areas.

The east of the district includes part of the Exmoor National Park, and the district's coast is also recognised for its natural beauty, forming part of the North Devon Coast, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The district borders Torridge to the south-west, Mid Devon to the south-east, and the neighbouring county of Somerset to the east.

The term "North Devon" can also be used to describe a wider geographic area than the local government district, often including neighbouring Torridge District, based in Bideford.
Adrian H. Wood
Adrian Thorpe Harrold Wood is an American writer and educator. Wood worked as a community college curriculum specialist and a researcher for special needs-inclusive prekindergarten programs prior to writing her blog, Tales of an Educated Debutante. In 2025, she co-authored the book Autism Out Loud: Life with a Child on the Spectrum, from Diagnosis to Young Adulthood.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Borderel-Cail
The Borderel-Cail was a French automobile manufactured in Denain in the 1910s by Société J. F. Cail & Cie., who was a builder of railway locomotives since the 1840s.

In 1905 they built a six-wheeled limousine, powered by a 4-cylinder engine. Power was supplied to the center axle, while both the front and rear wheels steered. An updated version of the car with a more powerful engine was shown at the 1906 Paris Salon. The final Borderel-Cail was a conventional four-wheeled car with a 30 horsepower 4-cylinder engine, launched in 1907.

Axle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported.  In the latter case, a bearing or bushing sits inside a central hole in the wheel to allow the wheel or gear to rotate around the axle.  Sometimes, especially on bicycles, the latter type of axle is referred to as a spindle.
Peter Crawford (land surveyor)
Peter Crawford (22 November 1818 – 10 June 1889) was a Scottish-born land surveyor who was a prominent pioneer in the Pacific Northwest. He founded Kelso, Washington and platted numerous towns in the Oregon Territory which later became the states of Oregon and Washington.  He was a member of the Monticello Convention which petitioned and successfully convinced Congress to create Washington Territory out of the Oregon Territory.

Oregon City, Oregon
Oregon City is a city in and the county seat of Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, located on the Willamette River near the southern limits of the Portland metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 37,572. Established in 1829 by the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1844, it became the first U.S. city west of the Rocky Mountains to be incorporated.
Venezuelan Andes
The Venezuelan Andes (Spanish: Andes Venezolanos) also simply known as the Andes (Spanish: Los Andes) in Venezuela, are a mountain system that form the northernmost extension of the Andes. They are fully identified, both by their geological origin as by the components of the relief, the constituent rocks and the geological structure.

The Venezuelan Andean system represents the terminal bifurcation of the Cordillera Oriental de Colombia, which in Venezuelan territory consists of two mountainous branches: the Sierra de Perijá, smaller, slightly displaced from southwest to northeast with 7,500 km2 in Venezuela; and a larger, frankly oriented Southwest to northeast with about 40,000 km2, the Cordillera de Mérida, commonly known as the proper Venezuelan Andes. The highest point in Venezuela is located in this natural region. It covers around 5.2% of the national territory, being the 4th largest natural region in Venezuela.

Caribbean plate
The Caribbean plate is a mostly oceanic tectonic plate underlying Central America and the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of South America.

Roughly 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles) in area, the Caribbean plate borders the North American plate, the South American plate, the Nazca plate and the Cocos plate. These borders are regions of intense seismic activity, including frequent earthquakes, occasional tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
Zinaida Amosova
Zinaida Stepanovna Amosova (Russian: Зинаида Степановна Амосова) (born 12 January 1950 in Krupskaya kolkhoz, Talaz District, Dzhambul Oblast, Kazakh SSR) is a former Soviet cross-country skier who competed from 1976 to 1983, training at the Armed Forces sports society in Novosibirsk. She won a gold medal in the 4 × 5 km relay at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.

Amosova's biggest success was at the 1978 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships where she earned three medals. This included two golds (10 km, 20 km) and one bronze (4 × 5 km).

Amosova was awarded Order of the Badge of Honor in 1976.

Jambyl Region
Jambyl Region, formerly named Dzhambul Region until 1991, is a region of Kazakhstan. The population of the region is 1,209,665 Its administrative center is Taraz, with a population of 335,100. To the south the region borders Kyrgyzstan and nearly borders Uzbekistan in the southwest. Jambyl also borders three other provinces of Kazakhstan: Karaganda Region (to the north), Turkistan Region (to the west), and Almaty Region (to the east). The total area is 144,200 square kilometres (55,700 mi2). The province borders Lake Balkhash to its northeast. The province (and its capital during the Soviet era) was named after the Kazakh akyn (folk singer) Jambyl Jabayev.
Colt Knost
Colt Knost (born June 26, 1985) is an American former professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour. Beginning in January 2022, he became a regular analyst and on-course commentator for PGA Tour events televised by CBS Sports.

U.S. Amateur Public Links
The U.S. Amateur Public Links Championship, often referred to as the Public Links or the Publinx, was a men's amateur golf tournament, one of 10 individual amateur championships organized by the United States Golf Association. The USGA typically called the event the U.S. Amateur Public Links, which it has registered as a service mark. The tournament was devised as a championship for golfers who played on public courses, as members of private clubs were barred from entry. In February 2013, the USGA announced that the event would be discontinued after its 2014 edition, and would be replaced by a new men's amateur four-ball championship.
Kabarda horse
The Kabarda, Kabardin or Circassian horse is a breed from the Caucasus, originating from Eastern Circassia, currently part of the Kabardino-Balkaria region of Russia. These horses are noted for their endurance and ease of adapting to difficult environments.

Kabardino-Balkaria
Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), officially the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 904,200. Its capital is Nalchik. The area contains the highest mountain in Europe,  Mount Elbrus, at 5,642 m (18,510 ft). Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban. The mountain is covered with snow year-round.
Donald Rosenfeld
Donald Rosenfeld is an American film producer who was the president of Merchant Ivory Productions from 1986 through 1998. Rosenfeld was the lead producer on the major Merchant Ivory films created in what is now considered their golden decade. Along with Ismail Merchant, James Ivory and Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, Rosenfeld worked on the creation of the well-received films Mr. and Mrs. Bridge, Howards End (8 Academy Award nominations), and The Remains of the Day (9 Academy Award nominations), among others. Rosenfeld was the youngest producer ever to become a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 1992. He's now the publisher of  County Highway, a magazine in the form of a 19th-century newspaper founded by David Samuels and Walter Kirn.

David Samuels (writer)
David Samuels (born 1967) is an American non-fiction and fiction writer. He is the editor of County Highway, a magazine in the form of a 19th-century American broadsheet which he founded with Walter Kirn. He is a contributing writer at The New York Times Magazine, a longtime contributing editor at Harper's Magazine; a contributor to The Atlantic, N+1, The New Yorker and other magazines; and the literary editor of Tablet.
Givati Brigade
The "Givati" Brigade (Hebrew: חֲטִיבַת גִּבְעָתִי, lit. '"Hill Brigade" or "Highland Brigade"') is the name of two Israel Defense Forces brigades: the 5th Brigade, an infantry brigade formed in 1947; and the 84th Brigade, an infantry brigade formed in 1983.

During the 1948 war, the 5th Brigade was involved in capturing Palestinian villages in operations Hametz, Barak, and Pleshet.

Before Israel's 2005 withdrawal from Gaza, the 84th Brigade was stationed within the Gaza Strip.

84th Brigade soldiers are designated by purple berets. The Brigade's symbol is the fox, alluding to Shualei Shimshon (שועלי שמשון, lit. "Samson's Foxes"), a unit in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Armored bulldozer
The armoured bulldozer is a basic tool of combat engineering. These combat engineering vehicles combine the earth-moving capabilities of the bulldozer with armour that protects the vehicle and its operator in or near combat. Most are civilian bulldozers modified by the addition of vehicle armour/military equipment, but some are tanks stripped of armament and fitted with a dozer blade. Some tanks (called tankdozers) have bulldozer blades while retaining their armament, but this does not make them armoured bulldozers as such, because combat remains the primary role—earth moving is a secondary task.
Marvin L. Kay
Marvin Lester Kay (February 17, 1939 – April 19, 2023) was an American college football coach. He was the head football coach and athletic director for the Colorado School of Mines, holding the position of head football coach from 1969 to 1994 and athletic director from 1995 to 2004. He played college football for Colorado Mines as a lineman.

Kay served in the United States Army as a lieutenant from April 1964 to April 1966. He was also the 43rd mayor of Golden, Colorado, from 1988 to 1996. Colorado Mines' football stadium was dedicated in honor of Kay in 2015.

Colorado School of Mines
The Colorado School of Mines (Mines) is a public research university in Golden, Colorado, United States. Founded in 1874, the school offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees in engineering, science, and mathematics, with a focus on energy and the environment. While Mines does offer undergraduate minor programs in the humanities, arts, and social sciences, it only offers degree programs in STEM fields, with the exception of economics. In the fall 2025 semester, the school enrolled 8,247 students, including 6,371 undergraduate and 1,876 graduate students. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".
Zhang Fangguo
Zhang Fangguo is an associate professor at the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering of the School of Information Science and Technology at Sun Yat-sen University in P.R. China. His main research interests include Pairings Based Cryptosystems, Elliptic Curve and Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography, Provable Security and Design and Analysis of New Public Key Cryptosystems.

His main contributions include ID-based ring signature schemes (joint work with Kwangjo Kim) - Asiacrypt 2003, short signature schemes (joint work with Rei Safavi-Naini and Willy Susilo) - PKC 2004 and ID-based short signature schemes (joint work with Willy Susilo and Yi Mu) - Financial Cryptography 2005, and restrictive partial blind signature schemes (joint work with Xiaofeng Chen, Yi Mu and Willy Susilo) - Financial Cryptography 2006.

Yi Mu (academic)
Yi Mu (穆怡) is a professor in Faculty of Data Science, City University of Macau, SAR, Macau, China. He obtained his PhD from the Australian National University in 1994. He was a professor of computer science at the University of Wollongong prior to his job as a professor at Fujian Normal University during 2018 and 2020. He has published more than 500 papers in journals and conference proceedings in cryptography, information security, quantum cryptography, and quantum optics. He was Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Applied Cryptography

His seminal work about one-atom lasers (single atom laser) was experimentally realized by H. Jeff Kimble. His work on quantum key distribution is regarded as MSZ96 protocol, which is based on quantized quadrature phase amplitudes of light.
Thou Shell of Death
Thou Shell of Death is a 1936 detective novel by the British author Cecil Day-Lewis, written under the pen name of Nicholas Blake. It is the second in a series of novels featuring the private detective Nigel Strangeways. It was published during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction and features a country house mystery. The title is a quote from the Jacobean play The Revenger's Tragedy.

The Revenger's Tragedy
The Revenger's Tragedy is an English-language Jacobean revenge tragedy which was performed in 1606, and published in 1607 by George Eld. It was long attributed to Cyril Tourneur, but "the consensus candidate for authorship of The Revenger’s Tragedy at present is Thomas Middleton, although this is a knotty issue that is far from settled."

A vivid and often violent portrayal of lust and ambition in an Italian court, the play typifies the satiric tone and cynicism common in many Jacobean tragedies. The play fell out of favour before the restoration of the theaters in 1660; however, it experienced a revival in the 20th century among directors and playgoers who appreciated its affinity with the temper of modern times.
J. D. "Jay" Miller
Joseph Denton "Jay" Miller (May 5, 1922 – March 23, 1996) was an American record producer and songwriter from Louisiana, whose Cajun, swamp blues, and swamp pop recordings influenced American popular culture.

Cajun music
Cajun music (French: Musique cadienne), an emblematic music of Louisiana played by the Cajuns, is rooted in the ballads of the French-speaking Acadians of Canada. Although they are two separate genres, Cajun music is often mentioned in tandem with the Creole-based zydeco music. Both are from southwest Louisiana and share French and African origins. These French Louisiana sounds have influenced American popular music for many decades, especially country music, and have influenced pop culture through mass media, such as television commercials.
Moerenhout
Moerenhout is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Moerenhout (born 1972), Belgian film director

Joseph Moerenhout (1910–1966), Belgian cyclist

Koos Moerenhout (born 1973), Dutch cyclist

Moerenhout Island, outdated name for Maria Est

Koos Moerenhout
Jacobus ("Koos") Moerenhout (born 5 November 1973 in Achthuizen) is a Dutch former professional road bicycle racer. Moerenhout was named as Dutch national coach in 2018 by the Royal Dutch Cycling Union (KNWU), and the Netherlands won the World Championship, with Mathieu van der Poel in 2023 in Glasgow.
PR postcode area
The PR postcode area, also known as the Preston postcode area, is a group of eleven postcode districts in North West England which together cover northern Merseyside and parts of central and southern Lancashire. Its four post towns are Chorley, Leyland, Southport, and Preston.

Mail for the PR postcode area is processed at Preston Mail Centre, along with mail for the BB, FY and LA postcode areas.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Pg (Unix)
pg is a terminal pager program on Unix and Unix-like systems for viewing text files.  It can also be used to page through the output of a command via a pipe.  pg uses an interface similar to vi, but commands are different.

As of 2018, pg has been removed from the POSIX specification, but is still included in util-linux. Users are expected to use other paging programs, such as more, less or most.

Util-linux
util-linux is a package of utilities distributed by the Linux Kernel Organization for use in a Linux operating system. A fork, util-linux-ng (with ng meaning "next generation"), was created when development stalled, but as of January 2011 has been renamed back to util-linux, and is the official version of the package.
Remington House (Kinne Corners, New York)
Remington House is a historic home located at Kinne Corners in Herkimer County, New York. It is a 2+1⁄2-story, rectangular, gable-roofed dwelling constructed of locally quarried fieldstone.  It was built about 1810 (1799 according to the historical marker) by Eliphalet Remington and occupied by the Remington family during the formative period of their firearms manufacturing enterprises, Remington Arms.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Giddy-gaddy
Giddy-gaddy, also known as cat's pallet, was a children's game played in Manchester, England, almost certainly a variation on tip-cat. It involved "striking one end of a sharpened piece of wood causing it to rise and then driving it some distance with a stick"; the object was to hit it as far as possible. The name "giddy-gaddy" for the game appears only in the court leet records of the manor of Manchester, an indication of the disruption and damage it caused in the streets of industrial areas such as Ardwick.

Court leet
The court leet (Latin: curia leta, curia magna, curia cum visu franciplegii, lit. 'court leet, great court, court within sight of frankpledge') was a historical court baron (a type of manorial court) of England and Wales and Ireland that exercised the "view of frankpledge" and its attendant police jurisdiction, which was normally restricted to the hundred courts.
1997 Croatian Bol Ladies Open – Doubles
Laura Montalvo and Paola Suárez were the defending champions but only Montalvo competed that year with Henrieta Nagyová.

Montalvo and Nagyová won in the final 6–3, 6–1 against María José Gaidano and Marion Maruska.

Henrieta Nagyová
Henrieta Nagyová (born 15 December 1978) is a former tennis player from Slovakia.

She turned professional in 1994 and has been ranked as high as No. 21 in the world (17 September 2001). She won nine singles tournaments and four doubles tournaments WTA Tour. Nagyová was a member of the Slovak team that won the 2002 Fed Cup.