hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Defence and National Security (Sierra Leone)
Sierra Leone Ministry of Defence and National Security is a Sierra Leonean government department in charge of implementing  and supervising  the Sierra Leone Armed Forces and the territorial security of Sierra Leone's international border and defending the national interests of Sierra Leone.

Demographics of Sierra Leone
The demographics of Sierra Leone are made up of an indigenous population from 18 ethnic groups. The Temne in the north and the Mende in the south are the largest. About 60,000 are Krio, the descendants of freed slaves who returned to Sierra Leone from Great Britain, North America and slave ships captured on the high seas.

In the past, some Sierra Leoneans were noted for their educational achievements, trading activity, entrepreneurial skills, and arts and crafts work, particularly woodcarving. Many are part of larger ethnic networks extending into several countries, which link West African states in the area. Their level of education and infrastructure have declined sharply over the last 30 years.
IWI Tavor X95
The IWI X95 (formerly known as the Micro-Tavor, MTAR or MTAR-21) is an Israeli bullpup assault rifle designed and produced by Israel Weapon Industries (IWI) as part of the Tavor rifle family, along with the Tavor TAR and the Tavor 7.

5.56×45mm NATO
The 5.56×45mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 5.56 NATO, commonly pronounced "five-five-six") is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire intermediate cartridge family developed in the late 1970s in Belgium by FN Herstal. It consists of the SS109, L110, and SS111 cartridges. On 28 October 1980, under STANAG 4172, it was standardized as the second standard service rifle cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries. Though they are not identical, the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge family was derived from the .223 Remington cartridge designed by Remington Arms in the early 1960s, which has a near-identical case. However, firing chamber dimensions differ slightly between rifles manufactured for the designated cartridges. The differences may cause unsafe chamber pressures when firing 5.56 NATO in rifles designed for .223 Remington. Therefore, this combination is not recommended.
2024 Chilean wildfires
In February 2024, a series of wildfires broke out in Chile, affecting multiple regions including Valparaíso, O'Higgins, Maule, Biobío, and Los Lagos. The most severe incidents occurred in the Valparaíso Region as of 5 February 2024. The Chilean government labeled the fires as the country's worst disaster since the 2010 Chile earthquake, and declared a two-day national mourning period.

Regions of Chile
Chile is divided into 16 regions (Spanish: regiones, singular región), which are the country's first-level administrative division. Each region is headed by a directly elected regional governor (gobernador regional) and a regional board (consejo regional).

The regions are divided into provinces (the second-level administrative division), each headed by a governor (gobernador) appointed by the President. There are 56 provinces in total. Provinces are divided into communes (the third and lowest level administrative division), which are governed by municipal councils.
106 Herculis
106 Herculis is a variable star in the northern constellation Hercules. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, red-hued point of light with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 4.96. Based on its parallax, it is estimated to lie 383 light-years (117 parsecs) away from the Sun. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of -35 km/s.

Eggleton and Tokovinin (2008) listed this as a suspected binary star system consisting of two roughly equal components. It appears as an ageing red giant with a stellar classification of M0III. This is a suspected semiregular variable star with a very small amplitude and a period of 40 days or more. Having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core, it has expanded to 44 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating around 414 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of about 3,789 K.

Stellar core
A stellar core is the extremely hot, dense region at the center of a star. For an ordinary main sequence star, the core region is the volume where the temperature and pressure conditions allow for energy production through thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This energy in turn counterbalances the mass of the star pressing inward; a process that self-maintains the conditions in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. The minimum temperature required for stellar hydrogen fusion exceeds 107 K (10 MK), while the density at the core of the Sun is over 100 g/cm3. The core is surrounded by the stellar envelope, which transports energy from the core to the stellar atmosphere where it is radiated away into space.
Geometric mechanics
Geometric mechanics is a branch of mathematics applying particular geometric methods to many areas of mechanics, from mechanics of particles and rigid bodies to fluid mechanics and control theory.

Geometric mechanics applies principally to systems for which the configuration space is a Lie group, or a group of diffeomorphisms, or more generally where some aspect of the configuration space has this group structure. For example, the configuration space of a rigid body such as a satellite is the group of Euclidean motions (translations and rotations in space), while the configuration space for a liquid crystal is the group of diffeomorphisms coupled with an internal state (gauge symmetry or order parameter).

Configuration space (mathematics)
In mathematics, a configuration space is a construction closely related to state spaces or phase spaces in physics. In physics, these are used to describe the state of a whole system as a single point in a high-dimensional space. In mathematics, they are used to describe assignments of a collection of points to positions in a topological space. More specifically, configuration spaces in mathematics are particular examples of configuration spaces in physics in the particular case of several non-colliding particles.
Fakhr al-Mulk
Fakhr al-Mulk or Fakhr ul-Mulk (Arabic: فخر الملك, lit. 'Glory of the Realm') is an Arabic honorific title. It can refer to:

Fakhr al-Mulk (Buyid vizier) (died 1016), vizier of the Buyid emir Baha al-Dawla

Abu Shuja Muhammad al-Ashraf (died 1073), Fatimid vizier, son of the previous

Fakhr al-Mulk (Seljuk vizier) (1043–1106), vizier of the Seljuk rulers Berkyaruq and Ahmad Sanjar

Fakhr al-Mulk Ridwan (1077–1103), Seljuk ruler of Aleppo

Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar (died 1118/9), last ruling qadi of Tripoli

Fakhr al-Mulk (Seljuk vizier)
Fakhr al-Mulk was a Persian bureaucrat, who served as the vizier of the Seljuk sultan Berkyaruq (r. 1092–1105) from 1095 to 1099, and later vizier of the Sejluk prince and ruler of Khurasan, Ahmad Sanjar, from 1101 to 1106. He was the eldest son of the prominent Seljuk vizier Nizam al-Mulk.
John Corbett Glover
John Corbett Glover (4 July 1909, Perth – 1 January 1949, Mingende) was an Australian Catholic priest and missionary. He led the evacuation efforts to rescue nearly 100 people from Kainantu after the Japanese invaded New Guinea in 1942.

Albury
Albury (/ˈɔːlbəri/ ALL-bree; Wiradjuri: Bungambrawatha) is a major regional city located in the Murray region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the twin city of Albury-Wodonga, situated on the Hume Highway and the northern side of the Murray River. Albury is the seat of local government for the council area which also bears the city's name – the City of Albury. It is on the Victoria–New South Wales border.

Albury has an urban population of 53,677 and is separated from its twin city in Victoria, Wodonga, by the Murray River. Together, the two cities form an urban area with a population of 97,793 in 2021. It is 554 kilometres (344 mi) from the state capital Sydney and 326 kilometres (203 mi) from the Victorian capital Melbourne.

Said to be named after a village in England, United Kingdom, Albury developed as a major transport link between New South Wales and Victoria and was proclaimed a city in 1946.
Cheers to You, Nation
Cheers to You, Nation (Arabic: كاسك يا وطن) pronounced "Kasak Ya Watan" is a Syrian, sociopolitical tragicomic play performed in 1978. Starring the famous Arab actor Duraid Lahham, it is considered one of the most famous Arabic-language plays, and been played and broadcast in different Arabic states. The play was written by Muhammad al-Maghut and directed by Khaldoun al-Malehh.

Tragicomedy
Tragicomedy is a literary genre that blends aspects of both tragic and comic forms. Most often seen in dramatic literature, the term can describe either a tragic play which contains enough comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending. Tragicomedy, as its name implies, invokes the intended response of both the tragedy and the comedy in the audience, the former being a genre based on human suffering that invokes an accompanying catharsis and the latter being a genre intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter.
Deal Timeball
The Deal Timeball is a Victorian maritime Greenwich Mean Time signal located on the roof of a waterfront four-storey tower in the coastal town of Deal, in Kent, England. It was established in 1855 by the Astronomer Royal George Biddell Airy in collaboration with Charles V. Walker, superintendent of telegraphs for the South Eastern Railway Company. It was built by the Lambeth firm of engineers Maudslay and Field. The time ball, which, like the Greenwich time ball, fell at 1 pm precisely, and was triggered by an electric signal directly from the Royal Observatory.

Astronomer Royal
Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675; the junior is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.

The Astronomer Royal works to make observations to improve navigation, cartography, instrument design, and applications of geomagnetism. The position was created with the overall goal of discovering a way to determine longitude at sea when out of sight of land. The incumbent Astronomer Royal is Professor Michele Dougherty.
Brad Holland
John Bradley Holland (born December 6, 1956) is an American former professional basketball player. He played for four years at UCLA (from 1975 to 1979). He was a member of the 1980 Los Angeles Lakers championship team. He was the University of San Diego head basketball coach until March 2007. On April 25, 2007, he was named as one of three finalists to become the new head coach of UC Riverside's men's basketball program, but lost out to Jim Wooldridge.  Holland served as an assistant coach at UC Santa Barbara during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 seasons.

University of San Diego
The University of San Diego (USD) is a private Catholic research university in San Diego, California, United States. Chartered in 1949 as the independent San Diego College for Women and San Diego University (comprising the College for Men and School of Law), the two institutions merged in 1972.

The university includes the College of Arts and Sciences, Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Joan B. Kroc School of Peace Studies, Division of Professional and Continuing Education, Knauss School of Business, School of Law, School of Leadership and Education Services (SOLES), and the Shiley-Marcos School of Engineering.

USD has 89 undergraduate and graduate programs, and enrolls approximately 9,073 undergraduate, paralegal, graduate and law students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The San Diego Toreros compete in NCAA Division I (FCS) as a member of the West Coast Conference.
Carolyn Jones (politician)
Carolyn Jones (born 1944) is a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Saskatoon Meewasin in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, from 1999 to 2003. She was a member of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Costanza Bonadonna
Costanza Bonadonna (born 1971) is an Italian earth scientist who is a Full Professor of volcanology and geological risk at the University of Geneva. She currently serves as Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of Geneva, President of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), and past President of the Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology (VGP) section of the American Geophysical Union (AGU).

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
Ellen Cove Jetty
Ellen Cove Jetty also known as Middleton Beach Jetty is a jetty found at the southern end of Middleton Beach in King George Sound in Albany in the Great Southern region of Western Australia.

Work commenced on the jetty with piles being driven into the sand bed at Ellen Cove in late 1899; construction was completed in 1901, at a cost of £150.

The jetty served in the transport of goods and people of Albany. It is now primarily used for recreational purposes.

It is constructed from reinforced concrete and wood, 15 concrete piles set at regular intervals with wooden decking spanning the piles. The jetty has been rebuilt several times with no evidence that any of the original structure remains.

Both the jetty and the mature Norfolk Island pine trees along the shoreline were listed with the Heritage Council of Western Australia in 2000.

The Middleton Beach shark barrier was built in 2016 enclosing the waters around the jetty.

Araucaria heterophylla
Araucaria heterophylla (synonym A. excelsa) is a species of conifer. As its vernacular name Norfolk Island pine (or Norfolk pine) implies, the tree is endemic to Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia. It is not a true pine, which belong to the genus Pinus in the family Pinaceae, but instead is a member of the genus Araucaria in the family Araucariaceae, which also contains the hoop pine and the monkey-puzzle tree. Members of Araucaria occur across the South Pacific, especially concentrated in New Caledonia (about 700 km or 430 mi due north of Norfolk Island), where 13 closely related species of similar appearance are found. It is sometimes called a star pine, Polynesian pine, triangle tree or living Christmas tree, due to its symmetrical shape as a sapling.
Carpignano Sesia railway station
Carpignano Sesia railway station (Italian: Stazione di Carpignano Sesia) is a railway station serving the comune of Carpignano Sesia, in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. The station is located on the Biella–Novara railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level. There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.
General of the Artillery (Russian Empire)
In the Imperial Russian army, General of the Artillery was the second-highest possible rank, below Generalissimo of Russia or General-Fieldmarshal, produced by splitting General-in-Chief into service branches.  The rank derived from that of Feldzeugmeister (literally: "field equipment master") used in German-speaking armies and was introduced into Russia by Peter the Great in 1699.  The first holder of the rank was the Georgian prince Alexander of Imereti.

Generalissimo
Generalissimo (/ˌdʒɛn(ə)rəˈlɪsɪmoʊ/ JEN-(ə-)rə-LIS-ih-moh), also generalissimus, is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the states where they are used.
Melbury House
Melbury House is an English country house in the parish of Melbury Sampford near Evershot, Dorset.  The Grade I listed mansion is the home of the Honourable Charlotte Townshend, a major landowner in east Dorset, through her mother, Theresa Fox-Strangways (Viscountess Galway), daughter and heiress of Harry Fox-Strangways, 7th Earl of Ilchester.

Evershot
Evershot is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southwest England, situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of Yeovil in Somerset. It is the second highest village in the county at 175 metres (574 ft) above sea-level. Evershot parish encompasses part of the nearby hamlet of Holywell, 1.25 miles (2.01 km) east of Evershot village. Dorset County Council's latest (2013) estimate of the parish population is 210. The village has connections with the writer Thomas Hardy.
Universidad Modelo
The Universidad Modelo is a private institution of higher education in Yucatán, Mexico, with its central campus located in Mérida. It offers 27 courses at the undergraduate level, 22 postgraduate Master's degrees, 19 diplomas and 3 specialization courses. The university also has campuses in Chetumal and Valladolid.

Valladolid, Yucatán
Valladolid (Spanish: [baʝaðoˈlið] ⓘ; Sakiʼ in Maya) is a city located in the eastern region of the Mexican state of Yucatán. It is the seat of Valladolid Municipality. As of the 2020 census the population of the city was 56,494 inhabitants (the third-largest community in the state after Kanasín), and that of the municipality was 85,460. Valladolid is located approximately 170 km (105 mi) east of the state capital Mérida, 40 km (25 mi) east of Chichén Itzá, and 150 km (93 mi) west of Cancún.

On August 30, 2012, Valladolid became part of the Pueblos Mágicos promotional initiative led by the federal Secretariat of Tourism.
Lotan, Israel
Kibbutz Lotan (Hebrew: לוֹטָן) is the second Reform kibbutz established by the Reform Jewish Movement a Reform kibbutz in southern Israel. Located in the Arabah Valley in the Negev desert, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 200. The kibbutz is a member of the Israel Movement for Reform and Progressive Judaism and the Global Ecovillage Network.

Global Ecovillage Network
The Global Ecovillage Network (GEN) is a global association of people and communities (ecovillages) dedicated to living "sustainable plus" lives by restoring the land and adding more to the environment than is taken. Network members share ideas and information, transfer technologies and develop cultural and educational exchanges.
Intracameral injection
An intracameral injection is usually of an antibiotic into the anterior chamber of the eyeball to prevent endophthalmitis caused by an infection of the eye that can occur after cataract surgery. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved antibiotics for this use and it is considered 'off-label'. Concerns about this procedure contributing to increasing numbers of antibiotic resistant bacteria have been expressed.

In the UK, Aprokam cefuroxime has been approved for use in intracameral injections. Intracameral injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-TPA) has been found to be effective in treating the development of fibrin intraocularly after the development of endophthalmitis.

Fibrin
Fibrin (also called Factor Ia) is a fibrous, non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood. It is formed by the action of the protease thrombin on fibrinogen, which causes it to polymerize. The polymerized fibrin, together with platelets, forms a hemostatic plug or clot over a wound site.

When the lining of a blood vessel is broken, platelets are attracted, forming a platelet plug. These platelets have thrombin receptors on their surfaces that bind serum thrombin molecules, which in turn convert soluble fibrinogen in the serum into fibrin at the wound site. Fibrin forms long strands of tough insoluble protein that are bound to the platelets. Factor XIII completes the cross-linking of fibrin so that it hardens and contracts. The cross-linked fibrin forms a mesh atop the platelet plug that completes the clot. Fibrin was discovered by Marcello Malpighi in 1666.
Sam Tan (politician)
Sam Tan Chin Siong (born (1958-10-13)13 October 1958) is a Singaporean former politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party, he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Radin Mas division of Tanjong Pagar Group Representation Constituency (GRC) between 2006 and 2011 and Radin Mas Single Member Constituency (SMC) between 2011 and 2020.

Tan had served as Minister of State for Culture, Community and Youth in 2014 and 2015, Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office between 2014 and 2018, Minister of State for Manpower between 2015 and 2018, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs between 2017 and 2020 and Minister of State for Social and Family Development between 2018 and 2020. He had also served as Mayor of Central Singapore District between 2011 and 2014.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Singapore)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA; Malay: Kementerian Ehwal Luar Negeri; Chinese: 新加坡外交部; Tamil: வெளியுறவு அமைச்சு) is in charge of the country's foreign relations, as well as handling matters and providing consular assistance related to overseas Singaporean citizens. It was established on 9 August 1965. 
A ministry for the Government of Singapore, it is also responsible for conducting and managing diplomatic relations between Singapore and other countries and regions.
Ivan Kuylakov
Ivan Nikolaevich Kuylakov (Russian: Иван Николаевич Куйлаков, born February 22, 1986) is a Russian Greco-Roman wrestler. 2013 World Wrestling Championships runner-up.

He has won four bronze medals in the Russian wrestling championships (2007, 2010, 2011, 2012), and is a two-fold winner of the "Golden Grand Prix Ivan Poddubny" competition (2009, 2011). In 2013, he won a silver medal at the 2013 European Wrestling Championships. Silver Medalist 2013 World Wrestling Championships.

Ivan Poddubny
Ivan Maksimovich Poddubny (Russian: Ива́н Максимович Подду́бный; Ukrainian: Іва́н Максимович Підду́бний, romanized: Ivan Maksymovych Piddubnyy; 8 October [O.S. 26 September] 1871 – 8 August 1949) was a professional wrestler from the Russian Empire and Soviet Union.