hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Surf Taco
Surf Taco is a chain of Mexican-Californian cuisine-style restaurants located primarily in the Jersey Shore area. The food served is also described as Coastal Cuisine. It was founded by Robert Nagel, in 2001. There are presently fourteen restaurants.

Main categories of food include:  tacos, burritos, wraps, smoothies, salads, quesadillas, and side kicks (extra chips and salsa, chicken fingers, etc).

In 2009, the New York Times called the food "cross-generationally irresistible."

Surf Taco distributed bumper stickers advertising the restaurant. Because the bumper stickers were frequently posted on public property, the then Mayor of Belmar, Ken Pringle  was quoted in The Washington Times  stating that he had considered passing a law holding the distributors responsible for removing the stickers.

Wrap (food)
A wrap is a sandwich made with a soft flatbread rolled around a filling.

The usual flatbreads are wheat tortillas, lavash, or pita; the filling may include cold sliced meat, poultry, or fish, shredded lettuce, diced tomato or pico de gallo, guacamole, sauteed mushrooms, bacon, grilled onions, cheese, and a sauce, such as ranch dressing or honey mustard.
A Christmas Sing with Bing (1955–1962)
A Christmas Sing with Bing was a series of transcribed radio hours hosted by Bing Crosby and broadcast on Christmas Eve for eight years from 1955 to 1962. The first edition of the program was released as an LP by Decca Records in 1956. Insurance Company of North America was the broadcast sponsor.

Jingle Bells
"Jingle Bells" is an American song and one of the most commonly sung Christmas songs in the world. It was written by James Lord Pierpont. It is an unsettled question where and when Pierpont originally composed the song that would become known as "Jingle Bells". It was published under the title "The One Horse Open Sleigh" in September 1857. Although it has no original connection to Christmas, it became associated with winter and Christmas in the 1860s and 1870s, and it was featured in a variety of parlor song and college anthologies in the 1880s. It was first recorded in 1889 on an Edison cylinder; this recording, believed to be the first Christmas record, is lost, but an 1898 recording—also from Edison Records—survives.
Republican Intelligence
Republican Intelligence (RI) was an intelligence agency and secret police force in South Africa from 1961 to 1969. It was established after South Africa became a republic and withdrew from the Commonwealth of Nations, cutting ties with British intelligence which had become weaker due to the system of Apartheid. RI was replaced by the South African Bureau of State Security (BOSS).

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Downward to the Earth
Downward to the Earth is a 1970 science fiction novel by American writer Robert Silverberg. It is a tale of the quest for transcendence (a frequent Silverberg theme) set on another planet, and includes references to Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad's classic tale of colonialism,
including the name of Kurtz. Its title references Ecclesiastes 3:21 in the Bible ("Who knows if the spirit of people rises upward and the spirit of animals goes downward to the earth?").

Downward to the Earth was originally published as a four-part serial publication, starting in the November 1969 edition of Galaxy Science Fiction.  It was nominated for a Locus Award in 1971.

Locus Award
The Locus Awards are an annual set of literary awards voted on by readers of the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus, a monthly magazine based in Oakland, California. The awards are presented at an annual banquet.

Originally a poll of Locus subscribers only, voting is now open to anyone, but the votes of subscribers count twice as much as the votes of non-subscribers. The award was inaugurated in 1971, and was originally intended to provide suggestions and recommendations for the Hugo Awards. They have come to be considered a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction regards the Locus Awards as sharing the stature of the Hugo and Nebula Awards.

Gardner Dozois holds the record for the most wins (43), while Neil Gaiman has won the most awards for works of fiction (18). Robert Silverberg has received the  highest number of nominations (158).
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) is a ministry of the Government of India charged with health policy in India. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in India.

The Minister of Health and Family Welfare holds cabinet rank as a member of the Council of Ministers. The current minister is  Jagat Prakash Nadda, while the current Minister of State for Health are Anupriya Patel and Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav.

Since 1955, the Ministry regularly publishes the Indian Pharmacopoeia through the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), an autonomous body for setting standards for drugs, pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and technologies in India.

Prataprao Jadhav
Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav (born 25 November 1960) is an Indian politician who is serving as the 3rd Minister of Ayush since 2024. He is a member of the Shinde's Shiv Sena and has been elected to the Lok Sabha for four consecutive terms since 2009, representing the Buldhana constituency in Maharashtra .
Jadhav began his political career in 1986 and served three terms as a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 2009. During this period, he also held the position of minister of state for Sports, Youth Welfare, and Irrigation in the Shiv Sena-BJP government of Maharashtra from 1997 to 1999. In addition to his political roles, Jadhav is actively involved in various community initiatives and social welfare programmes.
Dikshul
Dikshul is a 1943 Indian Bengali film directed by Premankur Atorthy. The film was produced by New Theatres Ltd, Calcutta. Its music direction was by Pankaj Mullick and the cinematographer was Rabi Dhar. The lyricist for the film was Kazi Nazrul Islam who was famous as the "Bidrohi Kavi" ("Rebel Poet"). The film marked the entry of actress and singer Binota Roy as a playback singer. The cast included 
Mihir Bhattacharya, Chhabi Biswas, Tulsi Chakraborty, Ashu Bose, Sailen Chowdhury, Harimohan Bose, and Radharani.

Pankaj Mullick
Pankaj Kumar Mullick (10 May 1905 – 19 February 1978) was an Indian music composer, playback singer and actor, who was a pioneer of film music in Bengali cinema and Hindi cinema at the advent of playback singing, as well as an early exponent of Rabindra Sangeet.
James Greenlees
Dr. James Robertson Campbell Greenlees FRSE DSO & Bar (14 December 1878 – 16 May 1951) was a Scottish rugby union footballer, physician and teacher. As a sportsman he played club rugby for Cambridge University R.U.F.C. and Kelvinside Academicals RFC and international rugby for Scotland. After leaving international rugby he became a referee, officiating at Test level.

Kelvinside Academicals RFC
Kelvinside Academicals is a former rugby union team that played their home games at Balgray Playing Fields, Glasgow, Scotland.

The team was founded in 1888 by former pupils of the Kelvinside Academy. The team no longer exists.

In 1982 it merged with Glasgow HSFP - the rugby team of another school; the High School of Glasgow - to form a rugby club called Glasgow High Kelvinside.

In 1997, the 1st XV of Glasgow High Kelvinside merged with the 1st XV of Glasgow Academicals to form Glasgow Hawks. Both GHK and Academicals survived the merger as individual clubs - Academicals now compete in SRU National League 1 - just below Hawks - while GHK are at the next level down, National League 2.

In 2018 Glasgow Hawks relocated to Balgray from Old Anniesland to play their games there in the Tennent's Premiership as part of a new partnership with Kelvinside Academy. Hawks now train at Craigholme School's Sports Complex in Pollok Park.
Piano Trio No. 3 (Schumann)
Robert Schumann's Piano Trio No. 3, Op. 110, in G minor was written in 1851.  It has four movements:

The work was written in Düsseldorf, and first rehearsed there in mid-November 1851. It was first performed publicly in Leipzig in 1852 and dedicated to Niels Gade.  It was not given its first Carnegie Hall performance in New York City until 1958, by the Trio di Bolzano.

This year 1851 was a busy one for Schumann, in which he also revised his 1841 symphony in D minor, and wrote his Violin Sonatas #1 & #2, a number of songs and choral works including Der Rose Pilgerfahrt, and also composed his overtures Julius Caesar and Hermann und Dorothea.

Niels Gade
Niels Wilhelm Gade (22 February 1817 – 21 December 1890) was a Danish composer, conductor, violinist, organist and teacher. Together with Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann, he was the leading Danish musician of his day, in the period known as the Danish Golden Age.
Mayokun Lawson-Alade
Mayokun Lawson-Alade (born 11 July 1982) is a Nigerian politician from the All Progressives Congress. He was elected to House of Representatives for Akure North/Akure South at the 2022 by-election. He was succeeded by Abiodun Aderin Adesida.

Akure North
Akure North is a Local Government Area in Ondo State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Iju/Itaogbolu.

It has an area of 660 km2 (250 sq mi) and a population of 131,587 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 340.
Carlos Gereda y de Borbón
Don Carlos Gereda y de Borbón, Marqués de Almazán (24 January 1947 – 29 August 2017) was a Spanish aristocrat, engineering entrepreneur and philanthropist.

He was the youngest son of Don Nicolás Gereda y Bustamante and his wife, Doña María Luisa de Borbón y Pintó. She was the younger child of Alberto María de Borbón y d'Ast, 2nd Duke of Santa Elena and Grandee of Spain, a male-line descendant of King Charles IV of Spain through Infante Enrique, 1st Duke of Seville (who married morganatically).

From 2008 until his death in 2017, he served as 49th Grand Master of the Order of Saint Lazarus (Malta-Paris obedience), as such succeeding the 5th Duke of Seville (Malta obedience) and the 13th Duke of Brissac (Paris obedience).

Morganatic marriage
Morganatic marriage, sometimes called a left-handed marriage, is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which in the context of royalty or other inherited title prevents the principal's position or privileges being passed to the spouse or to any children born of the marriage. The concept is most prevalent in German-speaking territories and countries most influenced by the customs of the German-speaking realms.

Generally, this is a marriage between a man of high birth (such as from a reigning, deposed or mediatised dynasty) and a woman of lesser status (such as a daughter of a low-ranked noble family or a commoner). Usually, neither the bride nor any children of the marriage has a claim on the husband's succession rights, titles, precedence, or entailed property. The children are considered legitimate for all other purposes and the prohibition against bigamy applies. In some countries, a woman could also marry a man of lower rank morganatically.
Elizabeth Dowdeswell
Violet Elizabeth Dowdeswell (née Patton; born November 9, 1944) is a Canadian civil servant who served as the 29th lieutenant governor of Ontario from 2014 to 2023. As lieutenant governor, Dowdeswell was the viceregal representative of the Crown in Right of Ontario. A champion of civil society, environmental protection, inclusive growth and liberal democracy, she is also the longest-serving lieutenant governor in Ontario's history.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
Brass Wire Bar, California
Brass Wire Bar is a former settlement in Nevada County, California. Brass Wire Bar is located on the South Yuba River, across from Washington.  It was a mining camp; Chinese miners worked the site in 1880.  About $50,000 worth of gold was found there.

Nevada County, California
Nevada County (/nɪˈvædə/ ⓘ niv-AD-ə; Nevada, Spanish for "Snowy") is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 102,241. The county seat is Nevada City. Nevada County comprises the Truckee-Grass Valley micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Sacramento-Roseville combined statistical area, part of the Mother Lode Country.
Ministry of Education (Thailand)
The Ministry of Education (Abrv: MOE; Thai: กระทรวงศึกษาธิการ, RTGS: Krasuang Sueksathikan) is a Thai governmental body responsible for the oversight of education in Thailand. It was established by King Rama V (Chulalongkorn) in 1892 as the Ministry of Public Instruction  (Thai: กระทรวงธรรมการ, RTGS: Krasuang Thammakan; literally "Ministry of Religious Affairs") which controlled religion, education, healthcare, and museums. In 1941, the ministry changed its Thai name to the present one.

Its headquarters have been in the Chan Kasem Palace since 1937.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Aviation in Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda maintains a significant aviation industry. In December 2024, there were two main commercial airports, V. C. Bird International Airport and Burton–Nibbs International Airport. The civil aviation industry is largely controlled by the central government, owning the largest airline, Liat Air. However, the domestic flight industry was until recently dominated by small airlines like BMN Air. Antigua and Barbuda also has a significant military aviation sector, being one of the only countries in the Caribbean to maintain an air force.

Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Air Wing
The Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Air Wing is the aerial component of the Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force. It is one of the five branches of the force. The purpose of the air wing includes troop transport, medical evacuation, disaster response, search and rescue and assisting other government agencies. The unit was commissioned on 12 April 2022 and started operations with one aircraft (a second-hand BN-2 Islander), a second airframe (Piper PA-31) entered service in 2023. Since then, it has expressed interest in acquiring a helicopter, and additional aircraft. As of March 2025, the aircraft numbered two, and a third aircraft was being planned. Currently they are based in the Calvin Air hangar at V.C. Bird International Airport, but are scheduled relocate to a more suitable hangar.
Three Chords and the Truth (The Ducky Boys album)
Three Chords and the Truth is the third studio album by American street punk band The Ducky Boys. It released on November 16, 2004 via Thorp Records and was produced and mixed by Jim Siegel.

The group reverted to a three piece band with a big, professional recorded sound for the album. This is the Ducky Boy's second album with Thorp Records and their first with guitarist Douglas Sullivan.

Street punk
Street punk (sometimes alternatively spelled streetpunk) is an urban working class-based subgenre of punk rock, which emerged as a rebellion against the perceived artistic pretensions of the first wave of British punk. The earliest street punk songs emerged in the late 1970s by bands including Sham 69, the U.K. Subs and Cockney Rejects. By 1982, bands such as Discharge, GBH and the Exploited had pushed this sound to become faster and more abrasive, while also embracing the influence of heavy metal music. In the 1990s and 2000s, a street punk revival began with bands such as the Casualties, Rancid and the Analogs.
Semi-hydrogenation of alkynes
Semi/partial hydrogenation of alkynes refers to the reduction of alkyne by one equivalent of hydrogen gas (H2) to give alkene rather than the fully reduced alkane. This process is a valuable transformation in organic synthesis and industrial chemistry, enabling selective conversion of alkynes to either cis (Z) or trans (E) alkenes. A variety of methods have been developed for this purpose, including classical approaches like Lindlar's catalyst and the Birch reduction, as well as modern techniques involving transition metal catalysis. Each method offers distinct advantages in terms of stereoselectivity, functional group tolerance, and scalability, allowing chemists to tailor reductions to specific synthetic goals.

Birch reduction
The Birch reduction or Metal-Ammonia reduction is an organic reaction that is used to convert arenes to 1,4-cyclohexadienes. The reaction is named after the Australian chemist Arthur Birch and involves the organic reduction of aromatic rings in an amine solvent (traditionally liquid ammonia) with an alkali metal (traditionally sodium) and a proton source (traditionally an alcohol).   Unlike catalytic hydrogenation, Birch reduction does not reduce the aromatic ring all the way to a cyclohexane.

Another example is the reduction of naphthalene in ammonia and diethyl ether:
Ko Olina Senior Invitational
The Ko Olina Senior Invitational was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour played only in  1992. It was played in Ewa Beach, Hawaii at the Ko Olina Golf Club. The purse for the tournament was US$500,000, with $75,000 going to the winner, Chi-Chi Rodríguez.

Chi-Chi Rodríguez
Juan Antonio "Chi-Chi" Rodríguez (October 23, 1935 – August 8, 2024) was a Puerto Rican professional golfer. The winner of eight PGA Tour events, he was the first Puerto Rican to be inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Alain Estève
Alain Estève (15 September 1946 – 7 November 2023) was a French international rugby union player. He played as a lock for AS Béziers.

Estève was placed in second place on The Sunday Times list of "most frightening French rugby players", and was nicknamed "the Beast of Béziers" for his rough play. He died of cancer on 7 November 2023, at the age of 77.

AS Béziers Hérault
Association sportive de Béziers Hérault (French pronunciation: [asɔsjɑsjɔ̃ spɔʁtiv də bezje eʁo]; Occitan: Associacion Esportiva de Besièrs Erau), often referred to by rugby media simply by its location of Béziers, is a French rugby union club currently playing in the second level of the country's professional rugby system, Pro D2. They earned their most recent promotion as the 2011 Fédérale 1 champions, but the club also won 11 Top 14 titles since its establishment in 1911.

Béziers was a major force in French rugby throughout the 1970s and 1980s; however, at the end of 2004–05 season they were relegated to Pro D2. After some years playing in the French second division, they finished bottom of the table in 2008–09 and were relegated to amateur Fédérale 1, before returning to Pro D2 after their 2011 title. They are based in Béziers in the Hérault department of Occitania, and play at the Stade Raoul-Barrière (capacity 18,555). The club colors are red and blue.
Cubic fourfold
In algebraic geometry, a cubic fourfold is a degree 3 hypersurface of dimension 4 in 5-dimensional projective space. Although some cubic fourfolds are known to be rational, it is known that very general cubic fourfolds are not rational, as proven by Katzarkov, Kontsevich, Pantev and Yu.

Using geometric invariant theory (GIT), Radu Laza constructed a compactification of cubic fourfolds with ADE singularities (including all smooth cubic fourfolds). He further showed that this compactification is isomorphic, via the period map, to Looijenga's compactification of the complement of certain arrangement of hyperplanes in the period space. Yuchen Liu further showed that the GIT compactification is isomorphic to the K-moduli of cubic fourfolds.

Maxim Kontsevich
Maxim Lvovich Kontsevich (Russian: Макси́м Льво́вич Конце́вич, IPA: [mɐkˈsʲim ˈlʲvovʲɪtɕ kɐnˈtsɛvʲɪtɕ] ⓘ; born 25 August 1964) is a Russian and French mathematician and mathematical physicist. He is a professor at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques and a distinguished professor at the University of Miami. He received the Henri Poincaré Prize in 1997, the Fields Medal in 1998, the Crafoord Prize in 2008, the Shaw Prize and Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics in 2012, and the Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics in 2015.
2013 São Paulo Challenger de Tênis – Women's doubles
This was a new event on the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit at São Paulo's Clube Hebraica as the men's ATP Challenger Tour came to the Brazilian city again after April's IS Open de Tênis.

Paula Cristina Gonçalves and Roxane Vaisemberg were the defending champions from 2012's $10,000 event at São Paulo's Clube Painieras do Morumby, but Gonçalves chose not to defend her title. Vaisemberg partnered up with Flávia Dechandt Araújo, but they lost in the semifinals.

Laura Pigossi and Carolina Zeballos won the tournament, defeating Nathália Rossi and Luisa Stefani in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Paula Cristina Gonçalves
Paula Cristina de Araújo Gonçalves (born 11 August 1990) is a Brazilian former professional tennis player.

In her career, she won one doubles title on the WTA Tour, as well as seven singles and 24 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 15 August 2016, Gonçalves achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 158. On 29 February 2016, she peaked at No. 95 in the doubles rankings.
Île de Batz
The Île de Batz (French pronunciation: [il də ba]; Breton: Enez-Vaz) is an island off Roscoff in Brittany, France. Administratively, it is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.