hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coastal cisticola
The coastal cisticola (Cisticola haematocephalus), also known as the umbabird, is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is found on the coastal plain of East Africa.

Alternate common names are Mombasa black-backed cisticola.

Cisticolidae
The family Cisticolidae is a group of about 160 warblers, small passerine birds found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They were formerly included within the Old World warbler family Sylviidae.

This family probably originated in Africa, which has the majority of species, but there are representatives of the family across tropical Asia into Australasia, and one species, the zitting cisticola, breeds in Europe.

These are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. They are often difficult to see and many species are similar in appearance, so the song is often the best identification guide. These are insectivorous birds which nest low in vegetation.
Hit 'n' Run (Monrose song)
"Hit 'n' Run" is a song by German pop band Monrose. It was written by Joel "JoelJoel" Humlén, Sebastian "The Provider" Larsson and Charlie Mason and recorded for the group's third studio album I Am (2008), while production was helmed by the former along with and Oscar Görres.

The track was released as the album's second single in Poland on 29 September 2008 and throughout German-speaking Europe on 3 October. It managed to reach the top 30 in Austria and number 16 in Germany, ending the run of the Monrose's consecutive top ten entries in Germany, beginning with 2006's "Shame".

Geographical distribution of German speakers
This article details the geographical distribution of speakers of the German language, regardless of the legislative status within the countries where it is spoken. In addition to the Germanosphere (German: Deutscher Sprachraum) in Europe, German-speaking minorities are present in many other countries and on all six inhabited continents.

Mostly depending on the inclusion or exclusion of certain varieties with a disputed status as separate languages or which were later acknowledged as separate languages (e.g., Low German/Plautdietsch), it is estimated that approximately 90–95 million people speak German as a first language, 10–25 million as a second language, and 75–100 million as a foreign language. This would imply approximately 175–220 million German speakers worldwide.
Ambrose Hopkinson House
The Ambrose Hopkinson House is a historic house located at 122 W. Elm St. in Olney, Illinois. The house was built in 1874 by owner Ambrose Hopkinson, a contractor and bricklayer who immigrated to Illinois from England. The two-story red brick house is designed in the Italianate style. The wraparound porch on the front of the house is supported by chamfered columns and has balustrades on both stories. The entrance bay projects slightly from the house; the main door is decorated with red glass panels and circular moldings. The house's cornice is composed of decorative panels separated by brackets.

The house is now a historic house museum operated by the Richland Heritage Museum Foundation, and is known as the Heritage House.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 9, 2001.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
Spilarctia nydia
Spilarctia nydia is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1875. It is found in Nepal, China (Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan), Taiwan and northern Vietnam.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.
Bovina (subtribe)
Bovina is a subtribe of the Bovini tribe that generally includes the two living genera, Bison and Bos. However, this dichotomy has been challenged recently by molecular work that suggests that Bison should be regarded as a subgenus of Bos. Wild bovinans can be found naturally in North America and Eurasia (although domestic and feral populations have been introduced worldwide).

Brian Houghton Hodgson
Brian Houghton Hodgson (1 February 1801 – 23 May 1894) was a pioneer naturalist and ethnologist working in India and Nepal where he was a British Resident. He described numerous species of birds and mammals from the Himalayas, and several birds were named after him by others such as Edward Blyth. He was a scholar of Newar Buddhism and wrote extensively on a range of topics relating to linguistics and religion. He was an opponent of the British proposal to introduce English as the official medium of instruction in Indian schools.
Kantamraju Konduru
Kantamraju Kounduru is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Duggirala mandal of Tenali revenue division. It falls under the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region. The village is known for its historical association with the Indian independence movement, particularly through the establishment of Vinayashram, a Gandhian institution founded in 1933. Mahatma Gandhi visited the ashram during its early years, and it later became a center for rural development and training freedom fighter. The village also hosts educational institutions and is home to a Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) named after N. G. Ranga.

Duggirala mandal
Duggirala mandal is one of the 18 mandals in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tenali revenue division and the headquarters are located at Duggirala. The mandal is bounded by Mangalagiri, Pedakakani, Tenali and Kollipara mandals. Krishna River lies to the northeast of the Duggirala mandal.
Albert E. Wood
Albert Ernest Wood (1873 or 1874 – 9 April 1941) was a British barrister, active in Ireland.

Born in Norwich, Wood moved to Dublin at the age of three. He was educated at Morgan's School in Castleknock, and then at Trinity College Dublin. He became a barrister in Ireland in 1902, and in the 1920s was also admitted at Lincoln's Inn. He became a King's Counsel, and in 1931 a bencher at King's Inns. As a barrister, he specialised in defence, particularly in murder trials and matters of common law.

Wood joined the Independent Labour Party (ILP), despite the party not being active in Dublin. The ILP was affiliated to the British Labour Party, for which Wood stood unsuccessfully in Manchester Rusholme at the 1922 UK general election, and then in Royton at the 1924 and 1929 UK general elections.

Wood also advised Éamon de Valera on matters relating to whether Fianna Fáil should enter the Dail. In his spare time, he played golf.

Manchester Rusholme
Manchester Rusholme is a parliamentary constituency centred on the Rusholme district of Manchester.  It returns one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system. Since 2024, it has been represented by the Labour Party's Afzal Khan, who was MP for Manchester Gorton from 2017 to 2024.
Visintini
Visintini is an Italian surname from Friuli-Venezia Giulia, derived from Venetian vixentin or Friulian visintin ('from Vicenza'), or from the Istrian town of Vižintini (present-day Croatia). Notable people with the surname include:

Jorge Visintini (born 1988), Argentine footballer

Licio Visintini (1915–1942), Italian naval officer

Mario Visintini (1913–1941), Italian military aircraft pilot

Friulian language
Friulian (/friˈuːliən/ free-OO-lee-ən) or Friulan (endonym: furlan [fuɾˈlaŋ] ⓘ; Italian: friulano; Austrian German: Furlanisch; Slovene: furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family.  Friulian is spoken in the historical region of Friuli (nowadays 90% of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and a little part of Veneto region) in the northeastern part of Italy and has around 600,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes called Eastern Ladin since it shares the same roots as Ladin, but over the centuries, it has diverged under the influence of surrounding languages, including German, Italian, Venetian, and Slovene. Documents in Friulian are attested from the 11th century and poetry and literature date as far back as 1300. By the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in the language.
Ohio State Route 153
State Route 153 (SR 153) is a 14.69-mile (23.64 km) long east–west state highway in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The western terminus of SR 153 is at a signalized intersection with southbound SR 43 in Canton, along a stretch of SR 43 where that highway is divided into a one-way couplet.  SR 153 has its eastern endpoint at SR 183 nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Alliance.

Alliance, Ohio
Alliance is a city in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 21,672 at the 2020 census. It was established in 1854 by the merger of three smaller communities and was a manufacturing and railroad hub in the 20th century. Alliance is associated with the state flower of Ohio, the scarlet carnation, and is known as the "Carnation City". The University of Mount Union, a private liberal arts college established in 1846, is located in the city. Partially extending into Mahoning County, Alliance is part of the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area.
Masahiro Sayama
Masahiro Sayama (佐山 雅弘, Sayama Masahiro; November 26, 1953 – November 14, 2018) was a Japanese pianist, active in jazz and video game soundtracks.

Sayama began playing piano as a child and became interested in jazz after seeing the film The Glenn Miller Story. He studied music at Kunitachi College of Music and began playing jazz professionally in the early 1970s, working with Toshiyuki Honda, Shigeharu Mukai, and Kazunori Takeda. He was a member of Shuichi Murakami's trio Ponta Box and also led his own ensembles. In 1991 he began playing with Masahiko Osaka.

Sayama also played for video game soundtracks, including Final Fantasy X-2.

Sayama died on November 14, 2018, at the age of 64.

The Glenn Miller Story
The Glenn Miller Story is a 1954 American biographical film about the American trombonist and bandleader Glenn Miller, directed by Anthony Mann. It stars James Stewart as Miller (in his second non-western collaboration with Mann), alongside June Allyson. The film was released in February 1954 and was nominated for three Academy Awards, winning for Best Sound Recording.
Chen Yi (tennis)
Chen Yi (Chinese: 陳宜; born November 12, 1986) is a former professional Taiwanese tennis player.

On 16 April 2007, she reached a career-high ranking of 377 in singles. On 19 October 2009, she peaked at No. 116 in the doubles rankings.

In her career, she won 18 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit, her biggest at the Ningbo Challenger which was classified as $100k+H event.

She has played at WTA Tour level before including a 6–4, 6–2 loss to eventual winners Serena and Venus Williams at the 2009 Silicon Valley Classic, partnering with Mashona Washington.

Ningbo International Tennis Open
The AUX Ningbo Open (formerly Ningbo International Tennis Open) is a tennis tournament held in Ningbo, China. It is played on outdoor hardcourts. Since 2024, the event is listed as a WTA 500 tournament.

The women's event was previously part of the WTA 250 and WTA 125K series in 2013 and in 2014. The men's event ended in 2012 but restarted in 2015 till 2019 on the ATP Challenger Tour and was previously called the  Ningbo (Yinzhou) International Men's Tennis Challenger.
Robert McKenzie (Canadian politician)
Robert McKenzie (1 February 1875 – 15 January 1942) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Jarvis, Ontario and became an agent.

McKenzie attended school at Walpole Township, then studied at Ontario Veterinary College. From 1910 to 1926, he was Secretary-Treasurer of Tecumseh No. 65, Saskatchewan, including municipal and school board service at the village of Stoughton. In 1925 and 1926, he was the director for the Saskatchewan Rural Municipal Association. In 1931, he began to serve on the Canadian Order of Foresters executive committee.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Assiniboia riding in the 1925 general election then re-elected in 1926, 1930 and 1935. McKenzie resigned on 8 December 1935 and took a position with the Canadian Farm Loan Board to allow fellow Liberal James Garfield Gardiner to campaign for and win the seat.

Haldimand County
Haldimand County is a rural city-status single-tier municipality on the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario, Canada, on the north shore of Lake Erie, and on the Grand River. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. Municipal offices are located in Cayuga.

The county is adjacent to Norfolk County, the County of Brant, the City of Hamilton, the townships of West Lincoln and Wainfleet, and the Six Nations reserve.
Band-tailed cacique
The band-tailed cacique (Cacicus latirostris), formerly the band-tailed oropendola, is a species of bird in the family Icteridae.

It is found at low densities in the western Amazon in Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and far southern Colombia.

Icterid
Icterids (/ˈɪktərɪd/) or New World blackbirds make up a family, the Icteridae (/ɪkˈtɛrɪdi/), of small to medium-sized, often colorful, New World passerine birds. The family contains 108 species and is divided into 30 genera. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. The species in the family vary widely in size, shape, behavior, and coloration.
Tribes of Iraq Coalition
The Tribes of Iraq Coalition (List 398) also known as the Anbar Salvation Council is an Iraqi political coalition formed to contest the 2009 Al Anbar governorate election which won 2 out of 29 seats.  The party was one of several formed out of the Awakening movements - Sunni tribal militias armed and financed by the United States Army to fight al-Qaeda in Iraq. The coalition was led by Sheikh Hamid al-Hais.  In an interview with the Washington Post prior to the election, Hais said he would kill all the Iraqi Islamic Party's candidates if anything happened to any of his candidates.

They joined the National Iraqi Alliance for the 2010 Iraqi Elections.

Sons of Iraq
The Sons of Iraq (Arabic: أبناء العراق Abnāʼ al-ʻIrāq), also known as al-Sahwah (Arabic: الصحوة, lit. 'the awakening'),  were a coalition in the Al Anbar governorate in Iraq between Sunni tribal leaders as well as former Saddam-era Iraqi military officers that united in 2005 to maintain stability in their communities. A moderate group, they were initially sponsored by the US military.

After arriving into power, Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki relied on sectarian policies to consolidate his power. Maliki denounced the Sons of Iraq as a national threat, actively dismantling them and refusing to integrate them into Iraqi security services. Sunnis formerly serving with the group were faced with options including becoming unemployed or joining the Islamic State. This turn of events is considered a key factor that contributed to the failure of Iraq to stabilize, ultimately leading to the War in Iraq (2013-17).
Epistemic modal logic
Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge.  While epistemology has a long philosophical tradition dating back to Ancient Greece, epistemic logic is a much more recent development with applications in many fields, including philosophy, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, economics, and linguistics.  While philosophers since Aristotle have discussed modal logic, and Medieval philosophers such as Avicenna, Ockham, and Duns Scotus developed many of their observations, it was C. I. Lewis who created the first symbolic and systematic approach to the topic, in 1912.  It continued to mature as a field, reaching its modern form in 1963 with the work of Saul Kripke.

Reflexive relation
In mathematics, a binary relation  on a set  is reflexive if it relates every element of  to itself.

An example of a reflexive relation is the relation "is equal to" on the set of real numbers, since every real number is equal to itself.  A reflexive relation is said to have the reflexive property or is said to possess reflexivity.  Along with symmetry and transitivity, reflexivity is one of three properties defining equivalence relations.
Boy Wonder (American Horror Story)
"Boy Wonder" is the fifth episode of the eighth season of the anthology television series American Horror Story. It aired on October 10, 2018, on the cable network FX. The episode was written by John J. Gray, and directed by Gwyneth Horder-Payton.

Gwyneth Horder-Payton
Gwyneth Horder-Payton (born December 10, 1962) is an American television director.

Beginning in the late 1980s, she worked as an assistant director on a number of films such as Pacific Heights, The Doors, Raising Cain, I Love Trouble, Homeward Bound II: Lost in San Francisco and other films.

She made her television directorial debut on the FX series The Shield, on which she was working as a first AD. Some of her subsequent television directing credits include The Riches, Bionic Woman, My Own Worst Enemy, Fringe, Battlestar Galactica, Criminal Minds, The Unit, Cold Case, Numb3rs, Blue Bloods, Sons of Anarchy, The Walking Dead, The Killing, NYC 22, Once Upon a Time, Hawaii Five-0, American Horror Story, Feud: Bette and Joan, 9-1-1, The Politician, 9-1-1: Lone Star and Big Sky.

Horder-Payton is the granddaughter of actor Victor McLaglen (The Informer), and the niece of director Andrew V. McLaglen (Shenandoah).
Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Macedonia was represented at the qualifying round for the Eurovision Song Contest 1996, with the song "Samo ti", written and performed by Kaliopi. The Macedonian participating broadcaster, Macedonian Radio Television (MRT), selected its entry through Skopje Fest 1996. The entry, which would have been the first-ever entry from independent Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest, failed to make it through the pre-selection round.

Kaliopi
Kaliopi Bukle (Macedonian: Калиопи Букле, pronounced [kaliˈɔpi ˈbuklɛ] ⓘ; born 28 December 1966 as Kaliopi Bukleska (Macedonian: Калиопи Буклеска)), known professionally as Kaliopi, is a Macedonian singer-songwriter. In her career, Kaliopi has progressed from singing lead vocal with her eponymous band in 1980s Yugoslavia to being an established vocalist and composer working in North Macedonia and across former Yugoslavia. She represented Macedonia twice in the Eurovision Song Contest, first in 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan with "Crno i belo" and a second time in 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden with the song "Dona".
Park Ji-eun
Park Ji-eun (born 1976) is a South Korean television screenwriter. She wrote the hit Korean dramas Queen of Housewives (2009), My Husband Got a Family (2012), My Love from the Star (2013–2014), The Producers (2015), The Legend of the Blue Sea (2016), Crash Landing on You (2019-2020), and Queen of Tears (2024).

MBC FM4U
MBC FM4U is a K-pop, Pop music, Classical music and Entertainment station from Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation. Launched on September 19, 1971 it was South Korea's second FM station, with TBC Radio (Now KBS Cool FM) being first and KBS Stereo FM (now KBS Classic FM) being third.
Rantau Panjang
Rantau Panjang (Kelantanese: Ghata Panjey; Jawi: رنتاو ڤنجڠ) is a mukim (subdistrict/commune) and also a parliamentary constituency in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan, Malaysia, located next to the Thai border.

The town of Su-ngai Kolok is situated adjacent to Rantau Panjang on the Thai side of the border, right across the Golok River. Both towns are linked via the Rantau Panjang-Sungai Golok Bridge, popularly known as the Harmony Bridge (Malay: Jambatan Muhibbah).

Along with Pengkalan Kubor on the South China Sea coast, Rantau Panjang is a popular place for duty-free shopping. In that respect, Rantau Panjang depends heavily on domestic and Thai tourists.

Mukim
A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Brunei, the Indonesian province of Aceh (see Mukim (Aceh)), Malaysia and Singapore. The word mukim is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: مقيم (meaning resident). The closest English translation for mukim is township.
The Globe (song)
"The Globe" is a 1991 song by English electronic group Big Audio Dynamite II. It was released as a single in the United States and is taken from their album The Globe. It samples the 1981 song "Should I Stay or Should I Go" (which was written by Big Audio Dynamite II singer Mick Jones during his tenure with the Clash) and Lionel Richie's 1983 single, "All Night Long (All Night)".

The song spent 10 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 72 in March 1992.

The Globe (album)
The Globe is the sixth album by alternative dance group Big Audio Dynamite II, their second album credited under that name instead of Big Audio Dynamite. It was released on 16 July 1991 in the United States, and in August elsewhere else, just after their limited UK-only album Kool-Aid and includes reworked versions of some of its songs. The Globe was certified Gold by the RIAA. Some CD versions came with the live album Ally Pally Paradiso as an additional disc.
Liam Whyte
Liam Whyte (c.1926/1927 – 26 November 2019) was an Irish Fine Gael politician.

He was elected to North Tipperary County Council in 1960 and served as its chairperson from 1968 to 1969 and again from 1979 to 1980. He stood for election to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael candidate for the Tipperary North constituency at the 1961, 1969, 1973 and 1977 general elections but was unsuccessful on each occasion.

He was elected to Seanad Éireann by the Agricultural Panel at the 1973 Seanad election. He lost his seat at the 1977 Seanad election.

He died in December 2019, aged 92.

Tipperary North (Dáil constituency)
Tipperary North is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects three deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Business agility
Business agility refers to rapid, continuous, and systematic evolutionary adaptation and entrepreneurial innovation directed at gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. Business agility can be sustained by maintaining and adapting the goods and services offered to meet with customer demands, adjusting to the marketplace changes in a business environment, and taking advantage of available human resources.

In a business context, agility is the ability of an organization to rapidly adapt to market and environmental changes in productive and cost-effective ways. An extension of this concept is the agile enterprise, which refers to an organization that uses key principles of complex adaptive systems and complexity science to achieve success. Business agility is the outcome of organizational intelligence.

Competitive advantage
In business, a competitive advantage is an attribute that allows an organization to outperform its competitors.

A competitive advantage may include access to natural resources, such as high-grade ores or a low-cost power source, highly skilled labor, geographic location, high entry barriers, and access to new technology and to proprietary information.