hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Myriopteris covillei
Myriopteris covillei, commonly known as Coville's lip fern, is a small fern found in the southwestern United States and on the Baja California peninsula, with an outlying population in southern Oregon. Its leaves grow in clusters and are dissected into beadlike segments; the undersides of the leaf axes are covered with whitish scales that conceal the green tissue of the leaf. One of the cheilanthoid lip ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes covillei until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. The species usually grows on or near rocks. It is named in honor of the botanist Frederick Vernon Coville, co-collector of the type specimen in 1891.

Cheilanthoideae
Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is understood to be monophyletic, but some of the genera as currently defined are not. Most species are xeric-adapted, and the subfamily is most diverse in dry areas.
Hot Dog Day
Hot Dog Days are informal events that are celebrated in communities throughout the hotdog-eating world, including the United States, Canada and Australia. The earliest known Hot Dog Day was held in Alfred, New York in 1972. As the name suggests, the festivals revolve around eating hot dogs, but usually there are many other activities such as wiener dog races, root beer chugging contests, and face painting. Often the proceeds from a hot dog day are given to charity.

Industry groups, such as National Hot Dog and Sausage Council in the US, encourage, sponsor, and support some of the events. The Council designates July as National Hot Dog Month; National Hot Dog Day varies year to year. It annually falls on the 3rd Wednesday of July, which in 2025 is July 16. The council also gives advice on hot-dog eating etiquette, which aren't considered strict, as most Hot Dog Day style events do not adhere to them.

Body painting
Body painting is a form of body art where artwork is painted directly onto the human skin. Unlike tattoos and other forms of body art, body painting is temporary, lasting several hours or sometimes up to a few weeks (in the case of mehndi or "henna tattoos" about two weeks). Body painting that is limited to the face is known as face painting. Body painting is also referred to as (a form of) "temporary tattoo". Large scale or full-body painting is more commonly referred to as body painting, while smaller or more detailed work can sometimes be referred to as temporary tattoos.
Health in Tuvalu
As in much of Oceania, obesity is a major health issue in Tuvalu with 65% of men and 71% of women being overweight.  In 2012 the birth rate on the islands was estimated at 23 per 1,000 people and life expectancy was 65.

The cuisine of Tuvalu is based on the staple of pulaka, taro, breadfruit, bananas and coconut and the many species of fish found in the ocean and lagoons of the atolls. The Tuvaluans benefited from the canned food supplied by the American forces during the Second World War, although the change in diet continued after the war, which resulted in long-term impacts on health. Tuvaluans adopted a diet that includes high levels of corned beef, rice and sugar, consumed even when fish and traditional vegetables are available. The change of diet to include more processed foods is believed to contribute to increasing levels of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among Tuvaluans.

Tuvaluan cuisine
The cuisine of Tuvalu, a state in the Central Pacific (Oceania), is based on the staple of coconut and the many species of fish found in the ocean and the lagoons of the atolls of Tuvalu. Pulaka (Cyrtosperma merkusii), or "swamp taro", is an important source of carbohydrates. Rice now forms an important part of the diet. Coconut is used in different forms with coconut water, coconut milk and the flesh of the coconut being used to flavour dishes. Various desserts made on the islands include coconut and coconut milk, instead of animal milk.
Laird of Burnbrae
Laird of Burnbrae was a hereditary title in Scotland that was held by several generations in the Primrose family. The Lands of Burnbrae was situated near Kincardine, and has since been joined with Kincardine.

The book, Culross and Tulliallan, states that the Lands of Burnbrae were previously held by the Blaw family until it was passed on to the Primrose family when Margaret Blaw married Archibald Primrose, who then became the first proprietor of that name to hold the lands of Burnbrae. The Primrose family held the title to the Lands of Burnbrae for over two hundred years until it became incorporated with the Tulliallan estate.

The Lairds of Burnbrae resided in Tulliallan, formerly in Perthshire, Scotland although in some early sources Tulliallan is cited as part of Fife, where it currently lies. The family is related to the Lord Dalmeny (a subordinate title of the Earl of Rosebery), whose family surname is also Primrose.

Hereditary title
Hereditary titles, in a general sense, are nobility titles, positions or styles that are hereditary and thus tend or are bound to remain in particular families.

Though both monarchs and nobles usually inherit their titles, the mechanisms often differ, even in the same country. The British crown has been inheritable by women since the medieval era (in the absence of brothers), while the vast majority of hereditary noble titles granted by British sovereigns are not inheritable by daughters.
Anthropology of religion
Anthropology of religion is the study of religion in relation to other social institutions, and the comparison of religious beliefs and practices across cultures. The anthropology of religion, as a field, overlaps with but is distinct from the field of Religious Studies. The history of anthropology of religion is a history of striving to understand how other people view and navigate the world. This history involves deciding what religion is, what it does, and how it functions. Today, one of the main concerns of anthropologists of religion is defining religion, which is a theoretical undertaking in and of itself. Scholars such as Edward Tylor, Emile Durkheim, E.E. Evans Pritchard, Mary Douglas, Victor Turner, Clifford Geertz, and Talal Asad have all grappled with defining and characterizing religion anthropologically.

Victor Turner
Victor Witter Turner (28 May 1920 – 18 December 1983) was a British cultural anthropologist best known for his work on symbols, rituals, and rites of passage. His work, along with that of Clifford Geertz and others, is often referred to as symbolic and interpretive anthropology.
Adriaan Kluit
Adriaan Kluit (9 February 1735 – 12 January 1807) was a Dutch scholar, important in Dutch linguistics. He was born in Dordrecht. He was rector of the Latin school in Alkmaar and Middelburg. In 1779 he became the professor of history at the University of Leiden, remaining there until his death.

Kluit has two major historical works to his name: Historia critica comitatus Hollandiae et Zeelandiae (published between 1777 and 1782 in Middelburg) and Historie der Hollandsche Staatsregering tot 1795 (History of the Dutch State Government until 1795, published between 1802 and 1805). In the latter, Kluit examined the origins of the states of Holland and their position from the Middle Ages until 1795 – he concluded that the states was not sovereign, but its landsheer (lord) was.

Alkmaar
Alkmaar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑl(ə)kmaːr] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland. Alkmaar is well known for its traditional cheese market. For tourists, it is a popular cultural destination. The municipality has a population of 111,766 as of 2023.
Leif Olsen
Leif Olsen (15 August 1927 – 2 February 2012) was a Norwegian football striker.

Born Leif Hugo Olsson, he assumed the name Leif Olsen while playing for Vålerenga. After the Second World War, when he fled to Sweden in 1943 and enrolled in the Norwegian police troops, he started his football career in Jordal AIL in 1946. He then divided his club career across Vålerenga and Strømmen and represented Norway as a B and full international.

Vålerenga Fotball
Vålerenga Fotball (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈvôːɽɛŋɑ] ⓘ) is a Norwegian professional football club from Oslo, and a part of the multi-sport club Vålerengens IF. The club currently competes in the Eliteserien after being promoted from the Norwegian First Division in 2024. Founded in 1913, the club is named after the neighbourhood of Vålerenga. Vålerenga's home ground is Intility Arena, located in Valle-Hovin. Vålerenga are five-time league champions and four-time Norwegian Football Cup champions, having last won the league in 2005 and the cup in 2008. Vålerenga is generally considered to be the largest football club in Oslo, and they are known for their loyal supporters.
Karlovich
Karlovich is a Russian-language surname. It should be distinguished from the East Slavic patronymic with exactly same spelling, derived from the given name Karl (given name). The difference is that the patronymic is pronounce with the stress of the first syllable, but in the surname the stress is ion the second syllable. Notable people with this name include:

Anastasiya Karlovich (born 1982), Ukrainian chess grandmaster

Karlovich may also be an alternative Anglicisation, or a phonetic misspelling, of the following surnames:

Carlovich, the surname of Argentine football player Tomás Carlovich

Karlović, a Croatian surname

Karłowicz, a Polish surname

Karl (given name)
Karl is a Germanic masculine name.

It comes from Old High German, meaning 'man, husband, freeman' and was widely popularised in Central and Northern Europe by its status as a royal name, in particular through the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne. It is popular in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and was popularized by German-speaking descendants in the United States. Carl is another spelling of the name, and is popular in Scandinavian countries such as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland, and largely popularized in the United States by Scandinavian and Italian (shortened from "Carlo") descendants. The name is a variant of the English Charles, and the Latin Carolus.

Notable people with the name include:
Communauté de communes du Pays de Tronçais
The communauté de communes du Pays de Tronçais is a communauté de communes, located in the Allier department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France. Created in 1999, its seat is in Cérilly. Its area is 495.6 km2, and its population was 7,469 in 2020.

Allier
Allier (UK: /ˈælieɪ/ AL-ee-ay, US: /ælˈjeɪ, ɑːlˈjeɪ/ a(h)l-YAY; French: [alje] ⓘ; Occitan: Alèir) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region that borders Cher to the west, Nièvre to the north, Saône-et-Loire and Loire to the east, Puy-de-Dôme to the south, and Creuse to the south-west. Named after the river Allier, it had a population of 334,872 in 2021. Moulins is the prefecture; Montluçon and Vichy are the subprefectures. Its INSEE and post code is 03.

Before 2018, the inhabitants of the department did not have a demonym. The inhabitants of the department have officially been known in French as Bourbonnais since 2018, a reference to the historic province of Bourbonnais. Until then, the unofficial term Elavérins had been used.
Lappa, Rethymno
Lappa (Greek: Λάππα) is a former municipality in the Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Rethymno, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 51.132 km2 (19.742 sq mi). Population 1,915 (2021). The seat of the municipality was in Episkopi. The municipality's name was a revival of the name of the ancient city of Lappa, now the village of Argyroupoli.

Rethymno (regional unit)
Rethymno (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ρεθύμνου) is one of the four regional units of Crete, Greece. Its capital is the city of Rethymno. Today, its main income is tourism. The countryside is also based economically on agriculture and herding. The tallest mountains in the regional unit include Mt Psiloritis (Mt Ida) reaching 2,456 metres and Mt Kedros reaching 1,777 metres.
Matt Williams (rugby union, born 1988)
Matt Williams is an English rugby 7s international and player. He has played in the RFU Championship for London Scottish where he was a prolific try scorer, Moseley, Bristol Rugby Sale Sharks and Doncaster Knights.

He attended The John Fisher School in Purley, Surrey; a senior all boys Roman Catholic day school.

Purley, London
Purley is an area of the London Borough of Croydon in Greater London, England, 11.7 miles (18.8 km) south of Charing Cross, with a history going back at least 800 years. It was originally granted as an estate from holdings at Sanderstead and until as a district of Surrey and then, with neighbouring Coulsdon, as an urban district that became an electoral ward of the London Borough of Croydon, becoming part of the ceremonial county of London, in 1965. In 2018 the Purley ward was divided into two: Purley and Woodcote, and Purley Oaks and Riddlesdown.

Purley is a suburban area of South London, and the quintessential suburban environment has been referenced in fictional and popular culture, most notably as the setting for the long running Terry and June sitcom.

Purley had a population of 15,184 in 2022.
2025–26 Rugby Europe Trophy
The 2025–26 Rugby Europe Trophy is the eighth season of the second premier rugby union competition for European national teams outside the Six Nations Championship which itself is a part of the Rugby Europe International Championships. The confirmed teams that are competing include  Czechia, Croatia, Denmark, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden.

Poland national rugby union team
The Poland national rugby union team, nicknamed The White and Reds, currently compete in the second division of the Rugby Europe International Championships in the Rugby Europe Trophy, a competition which is just below the Rugby Europe Championship where the top six countries in Europe (apart from the teams in the six nations) compete. They are yet to participate in any Rugby World Cup and often play in white with red shorts as well as in red with white shorts.
Kabhrechaur
Kabhrechaur   is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 4097 people living in 669 individual households.

Rapti Zone
Rapti Zone (Nepali: राप्ती अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones, located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal.  It was named after the West Rapti River which drains Rolpa, Pyuthan and part of Dang districts. The remainder of Dang and part of Salyan district are drained by the Babai.  The remainder of Salyan and all of Rukum districts are drained by the Bheri.

The headquarters of Rapti were Tulsipur and the largest city was Tribhuvannagar (Ghorahi). Other main cities and towns of Rapti zone were Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijuwar, Liwang, Lamahi, Musikot, Rukumkot (Shova), and Chaurjahari.
Racton
Racton is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stoughton, in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies on the B2147 road 2.1 miles (3.4 km) northeast of Emsworth. The hamlet lies along the River Ems. 0.4 miles north of the hamlet is the Racton Monument, constructed between 1766 and 1775 by the 2nd Earl of Halifax.  Another prominent structure just outside the hamlet is Lordington Manor, former home of the Pole family. St Peter's Church, located in the centre of the hamlet, is a Grade I listed building, dating from the 12th-13th century. Racton was a civil parish until it was abolished and merged with Stoughton on 1 April 1933. In 1931 the parish of Racton had a population of 113.

Racton Monument lies north of the hamlet

Nave inside St Peter's Church

Cottage and St Peter's Church

Resting place of Sir Charles Gounter Nicoll inside St Peter's Church

George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax
George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax (6 October 1716 – 8 June 1771) was a British statesman of the Georgian era. Due to his success in extending commerce in the Americas, he became known as the "father of the colonies". President of the Board of Trade from 1748 to 1761, he aided the foundation of Nova Scotia, 1749, the capital Halifax being named after him. When Canada was ceded to the King of Great Britain by the King of France, following the Treaty of Paris of 1763, he restricted its boundaries and renamed it "Province of Quebec".
Babler oxidation
The Babler oxidation, also known as the Babler–Dauben oxidation, is an organic reaction for the oxidative transposition of tertiary allylic alcohols to enones using pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC):

It is named after James Babler who first reported the reaction in 1976 and William Dauben who extended the scope to cyclic systems in 1977, thereby significantly increasing the synthetic utility:

The reaction produces the desired enone product to high yield (typically >75%), is operationally simple and does not require air-free techniques or heating. It suffers, however, from the very high toxicity and environmental hazard posed by the hexavalent chromium PCC oxidising reagent.

The solvent of choice is usually dry dichloromethane (DCM) or chloroform (CHCl3).

The reaction has been utilised as a step in the total syntheses of various compounds, e.g. of morphine.

Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic  al-kuḥl 'the kohl') is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly modifies the properties of hydrocarbons, conferring hydrophilic (water-attracted) properties.  The OH group provides a site at which many reactions can occur.
Allen K. Wood
Allen Kirkham Wood (October 8, 1898 – December 14, 1977) was an American assistant director and production manager.

Wood served as a production manager for over 100 films, including In the Heat of the Night, The Magnificent Seven, The Children's Hour, Invasion of the Body Snatchers, Irma la Douce, The Horse Soldiers, The Gunfight at Dodge City, Man of the West, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, West Side Story, Follow That Dream, The Apartment, Toys in the Attic, The Hallelujah Trail, The Fortune Cookie, Cast a Giant Shadow, The Thomas Crown Affair, Guns of the Magnificent Seven, Hour of the Gun and The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming.

Wood died in December 1977 in Burbank, California, at the age of 79.

The Fortune Cookie
The Fortune Cookie (alternative British title: Meet Whiplash Willie) is a 1966 American black comedy film directed, produced and co-written by Billy Wilder. It is the first film in which Jack Lemmon collaborated with Walter Matthau. Matthau won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance. The film was co-produced by Wilder's Phalanx Productions in cooperation with Lemmon's independent film production company, Jalem Productions.
USS Samar (PG-41)
USS Samar (PG-41) was a gunboat of the United States Navy. She was initially built for the Spanish Navy, but was captured during the Spanish–American War and taken into service with the US Navy. Samar had two sister-ships which also served in the US Navy, USS Pampanga (PG-39) and USS Paragua.

Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.
Lac des Chats
Lac des Chats (English: Lake of Cats), commonly known as Chats Lake, is a lake on the Ottawa River which forms part of the boundary between the provinces of Ontario and Quebec (Canada). It is formed by the Chats Falls Dam and serves as the reservoir for the Chats Falls Generating Station. Most of the lake is located in Pontiac Regional County Municipality, Quebec, and in Renfrew County, Ontario, but the easternmost part (near the dam) lies in Ottawa, Ontario and in Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality, Quebec.

Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality
Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais (French pronunciation: [le kɔlin də lutawɛ], "The hills of the Outaouais") is a regional county municipality in the Outaouais region of western Quebec, Canada. The region nearly encircles the City of Gatineau, which is to the south. Its administrative seat is in Chelsea, Quebec.

It was created in January 1991 when the Communauté régionale de l'Outaouais (Outaouais Regional Community) was split into Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM and the Communauté urbaine de l'Outaouais (Outaouais Urban Community, now City of Gatineau). The region is home to the majority of Gatineau Park. It is bisected by the Gatineau River which flows from north to south. The Ottawa River forms the southwestern boundary.
Salmon River (Vancouver Island)
The Salmon River is a river in the north of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Its headwaters lie in Strathcona Park. It flows northwest, through the Sayward Valley into Kelsey Bay next to the village of Sayward before finally entering Johnstone Strait. The river supports steelhead and several species of Pacific salmon.

Oncorhynchus
Oncorhynchus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae, native to coldwater tributaries of the North Pacific basin. The genus contains sixteen extant species, namely six species of Pacific salmon and ten species of Pacific trout, all of which are migratory (either anadromous or potamodromous) mid-level predatory fish that display natal homing and semelparity.

The name of the genus is derived from Ancient Greek ὄγκος (ónkos), meaning "bend", and ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos), meaning "snout", in reference to the hooked secondary sexual characteristic — known as the kype — that the males develop on the lower jaw tip during mating season.
Pelle viva
Pelle viva (Scorched Skin) is a 1962 Italian drama film written and directed by Giuseppe Fina.

The film entered the 23rd Venice International Film Festival, in which it received a special mention. In 2008 it was restored and shown as part of the retrospective "Questi fantasmi: Cinema italiano ritrovato" at the 65th Venice International Film Festival.

65th Venice International Film Festival
The 65th annual Venice International Film Festival, was held from 27 August 2008 to 6 September 2008, at Venice Lido in Italy. The festival was dedicated to the late Egyptian filmmaker Youssef Chahine.

German filmmaker Wim Wenders was the jury president for the main competition. Russian actress Kseniya Rappoport was the Host of the opening and closing ceremonies. The Golden Lion was awarded to The Wrestler by Darren Aronofsky.

Italian filmmaker Ermanno Olmi received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement during the festival.

A restored version of Federico Fellini's 1952 comedy The White Sheik, with forty minutes of newly discovered footage. The record for the longest film at the festival was broken by Lav Diaz's Melancholia, with a running time of approximately seven and a half hours, which was included in the Orizzonti competition section.

The festival opened with Burn After Reading by Joel and Ethan Coen.