hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iowa Highway 90
Iowa Highway 90 (Iowa 90) was a state highway in central Iowa.  The highway was in service to traffic from 1932 through 1981 and took several forms over the years.  It began as a spur route from Des Moines to Commerce, now part of West Des Moines.  At its greatest extent, it extended from Atlantic to Newton along the historical routing of U.S. Highway 6 (US 6).  From 1966 through 1981, the highway existed in its final form—from Interstate 80 (I-80) between Earlham and DeSoto to I-35 on the southern outskirts of West Des Moines.

Atlantic, Iowa
Atlantic is a city in and the county seat of Cass County, Iowa, United States, located along the East Nishnabotna River. The population was 6,792 in the 2020 census, a decline from the 7,257 population in 2000.
Shanghai Tang
Shanghai Tang (Chinese: 上海灘; pinyin: Shànghǎi Tān) is a Hong Kong luxury fashion house founded in 1994 by Hong Kong businessman David Tang. The brand is known for its luxury homeware collection and fine bone china. In 1998, Richemont acquired David Tang's controlling stake in the business.

David Tang stated that Shanghai Tang is a Chinese label that set out to rejuvenate Chinese fashion of the 1920s and 1930s.  The fundamental design concept is inspired by 1920s Cheongsam combined with the modernity of the 21st century. Shanghai Tang is noted for its use of Chinese culture and heritage in its product styling, branding and marketing.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Alfred Lefurgey
Alfred Alexander Lefurgey (April 22, 1871 – November 11, 1934) was a Canadian lawyer and politician.

Born in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, the son of John Lefurgey, Lefurgey was educated at St. Dunstan's College, Mount Allison University (B.A. in 1891) and Harvard Law School (LL.B in 1894). He returned to Summerside where he entered his father's ship building and shipping business with his brother, John Ephraim.

Lefurgey was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island for 5th Prince in 1897. Lefurgey resigned his seat in 1898 to run unsuccessfully for a federal seat in 1898. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for East Prince in the general elections of 1900 and re-elected in 1904 for Prince. A Conservative, he was defeated in 1908 and again in 1917. In the House of Commons, he served as Conservative whip for the Maritime provinces.

Lefurgey was a prominent member in the Masonic order.

1900 Canadian federal election
The 1900 Canadian federal election was held on November 7, 1900, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 9th Parliament of Canada. As a result of the election, the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, was re-elected to a second majority government, defeating the Conservative Party and Liberal-Conservatives led by Charles Tupper.
Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao
The Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao (Dutch: Gevolmachtigd Minister van Curaçao) represents the constituent country (Dutch: land) of Curaçao in the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The current Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao is Carlson Manuel. The Minister Plenipotentiary and his cabinet are seated in the "Curaçaohuis" (Curaçao House) in The Hague (which was the location of the Antillenhuis before the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles).

A significant difference between the Netherlands Ministers and the Ministers Plenipotentiary is that the former Ministers are accountable for their politics and policies to the Dutch parliament. The Ministers Plenipotentiary, however, are accountable to their national governments. Therefore, the Ministers Plenipotentiary usually do not resign in the event of a Dutch cabinet crisis.

Antillenhuis
52°06′08″N 4°18′01″E﻿ / ﻿52.102283°N 4.300380°E﻿ / 52.102283; 4.300380

The Antillenhuis (English: Antilles' House) was the cabinet of the Minister Plenipotentiary of the Netherlands Antilles in The Hague, the Netherlands. The last Minister Plenipotentiary is Paul Comenencia.
Walter E. Piatt
Walter E. Piatt (born September 12, 1961) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general appointed chief executive officer of Wounded Warrior Project on March 18, 2024. He last served as the 57th Director of the Army Staff from 2019 to 2024. He enlisted in the army in 1979 and served four years as an infantryman. After graduating from Lock Haven University, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1987. Prior to assuming his current position, Piatt was the Commanding General, 10th Mountain Division at Fort Drum. His other assignments as a general officer include serving as the 52nd Chief of Infantry; Deputy Commanding General-Support, 10th Mountain Division; Commander, Joint Multinational Training Command; Deputy Commanding General, United States Army Europe; and director of Operations/director, Rapid Equipment Fielding, Army Rapid Capabilities Office.

Commonwealth University-Lock Haven
Commonwealth University-Lock Haven (CU-Lock Haven, or Lock Haven) is a public university in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE). The main campus covers 200 acres (81 ha) and the branch campus in Clearfield covers 12.9 acres (5.2 ha). It offers 69 undergraduate programs and 4 graduate programs.
Hitting Home (TV series)
Hitting Home is a Walkley and AACTA winning television documentary series, consisting of two episodes, broadcast on ABC in November 2015. Presenter Sarah Ferguson reported on domestic violence in Australia.

Blacktown
Blacktown is a suburb and a commercial hub of Western Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It is located 34 km (21 mi) west of the Sydney CBD. Blacktown is one of the most multicultural places within Greater Sydney.
FC KamAZavtotsentr Naberezhnye Chelny
FC KamAZavtotsentr Naberezhnye Chelny (Russian: «КамАЗавтоцентр» (Набережные Челны)) was a Russian football team from Naberezhnye Chelny. It played professionally from 1992 to 1994. Their best result was 5th place in Zone 6 of the Russian Second Division in 1993.

Naberezhnye Chelny
Naberezhnye Chelny (Russian: На́бережные Челны́, IPA: [ˈnabʲɪrʲɪʐnɨjə tɕɪlˈnɨ] ⓘ; Tatar: Яр Чаллы, IPA: [ˈjar ɕɑlːɤ̆]) is the second largest city in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. A major industrial center, Naberezhnye Chelny stands on the Kama River 225 kilometers (140 mi) east of Kazan near Nizhnekamsk Reservoir. Population: 548,434 (2021 census); 513,193 (2010 census); 509,870 (2002 census); 500,309 (1989 Soviet census).

The city was briefly known as Brezhnev from 1982 to 1988.
Neville Brown (geophysicist)
Neville Brown (8 April 1932 – 28 May 2018). He was a Doctor of Science in Applied Geophysics. Since 1994 he was a senior member of Mansfield College in Oxford. His career was heavily involved in the interaction between the humanities and physics, particularly on sky sciences. He studied economics with geography at University College London (UCL) and later modern history at New College, Oxford.

While carrying out his studies he worked as a forecasting officer in the meteorological branch of the Fleet Air Arm (1957–1960) where he specialised in upper air analysis. With particular assignments including working at two British coastal stations, gunnery trials and junior staff duties with the Mediterranean Fleet.
During his studies he took on the role of field meteorologist on two School expeditions to sub-polar regions.

Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.
Jack Hughes (footballer, born 1912)
John Henry Hughes (25 September 1912 – 1991) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside right. He made over 250 total appearances in the English Football League playing for Wrexham, Bolton Wanderers, Chester, Chesterfield and Bradford Park Avenue.

Chester F.C.
Chester Football Club is an association football club based in Chester, England. They are currently members of the National League North, the sixth tier of English football, and play at the Deva Stadium.

The club was reformed in 2010 following the liquidation of Chester City. In its inaugural season it competed in Division One North of the Northern Premier League, following a successful appeal to the Football Association against its initial placement in the North West Counties League. After winning this division, it then won the Northern League Premier Division in 2011–12 and the Conference North in 2012–13. Chester returned to the National League North following relegation in 2017–18.
Leandro Firmino
Leandro Firmino da Hora (born June 23, 1978) is a Brazilian actor.  He is best known for his role as drug lord Li'l Zé in the Academy Award nominated film City of God. He also had a main role in one episode of spin-off series City of Men. He played the role of Thiago in Trash with Wagner Moura and Rooney Mara. Firmino starred as Goitaca Chief in Rodrigo Rodrigues`s Goitaca with Marlon Blue and Lady Francisco. He was cast as Gilmar in Impuros with Rui Ricardo Dias and Cyria Coentro.

Cyria Coentro
Cyria Cristina Rocha Coentro (born April 14, 1966) is a Brazilian actress and presenter. She became known for her role in the telenovela Renascer (1993). She also appeared in O Rei do Gado (1997) and other television projects, gaining wider recognition for her performance in Viver a Vida (2009), and for starring in Flor do Caribe (2013) and Sete Vidas (2015).

In cinema, she appeared in the films Gonzaga – de Pai pra Filho (2012) and Time and the Wind (2013).
Far from Men
Far from Men (French: Loin des hommes) is a 2014 French period drama film directed by David Oelhoffen, starring Viggo Mortensen and Reda Kateb, based on Albert Camus' short story "The Guest", from his 1957 Exile and the Kingdom collection.

Set in French Colonial Algeria, the narrative follows Daru, a reclusive, pacifist pied-noir teacher and war veteran (Mortensen), tasked with delivering Mohammad, a docile Algerian murder suspect (Kateb), into the hands of French authorities as the Algerian War of Independence ignites.

Far from Men was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 71st Venice International Film Festival. It was screened in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.

Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Italian: Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is widely regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes. In 1970, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark, which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice. In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.
Alice Chipman Dewey
Alice Chipman Dewey (September 7, 1858 – July 14, 1927) was an American education reformer, philosopher, and feminist. She was instrumental in the development of progressive educational practices alongside her husband, philosopher John Dewey. Chipman played a significant role at the University of Chicago Laboratory School and was involved in various social and educational movements.

University of Chicago Laboratory Schools
The University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (also known as Lab, Lab Schools, or U-High, abbreviated UCLS) is a private, co-educational, day pre-school and K-12 school affiliated with the University of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois. More than half of attending students have families who are affiliated with the University of Chicago as faculty, alumni, or through other employment.
Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei
Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei (Persian: محسن حاجی‌میرزایی, born 1959) is an Iranian politician and has serves as the chief of staff of the president of Iran since 28 July 2024. He is also Iran's former Minister of Education. Mirzaei was nominated by Hassan Rouhani to succeed Mohammad Bathaei. He received a majority vote from the Islamic Consultative Assembly in September 2019.

Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.
Krasinec
Krasinec (pronounced [kɾaˈsiːnəts]; German: Krassinz) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Metlika
The Municipality of Metlika (pronounced [mɛˈtliːka] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Metlika) is a municipality in the traditional region of Lower Carniola in southeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Metlika. Metlika became a municipality in 1994. It borders Croatia.
William Taylor (folk song)
"William Taylor" (Roud 158, Laws N11) is a British folk song, often collected from traditional singers in England, less so in Scotland, Ireland, Canada and the USA. It tells the story of a young woman who adopts male dress and becomes a sailor (or sometimes a soldier) in order to search for her lover. Other names  include Billy Taylor, Brisk Young Seamen, Bold William Taylor, Down By the Seashore, The False Lover, The Female Lieutenant; Or, Faithless Lover Rewarded, If You'll Get Up Early in the Morning, The Life and Death of Billy Taylor, My Love, Poor William Taylor, Sally Brown and William Taylor, and Young Billy Taylor.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Sagnier
Sagnier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enric Sagnier (1858–1931), Spanish architect

Eugenio Trías Sagnier (1942–2013), Spanish philosopher

Ludivine Sagnier (born 1979), French actress and model

Ludivine Sagnier
Ludivine Sagnier (born 3 July 1979) is a French actress, known to international audiences for the films Swimming Pool and Peter Pan (both 2003), and the Netflix series Lupin (2021–present). She has also appeared in the English-language series The Young Pope (2016) and The Serpent Queen (2022–2024).

Sagnier has been nominated for the César Award for Best Supporting Actress three times, for her performances in 8 Women (2002), Swimming Pool, and A Secret (2007).
1983 Houston Cougars football team
The 1983 Houston Cougars football team represented the University of Houston during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Cougars were led by 22nd-year head coach Bill Yeoman and played their home games at the Houston Astrodome in Houston. The team competed as members of the Southwest Conference, finishing in seventh. Houston finished the season with a record of 4–7, their first losing season since 1975.

1975 Houston Cougars football team
The 1975 Houston Cougars football team represented the University of Houston as an independent during the 1975 NCAA Division I football season. Led by 14th-year head coach Bill Yeoman the Cougars compiled a record of 2–8. The team played home games at the Houston Astrodome, a 50,000-person capacity stadium off-campus in Houston.

Houston had been admitted to the Southwest Conference in 1971, but the Cougars were ineligible for conference play until the 1976 season.
Junior State of America
The Junior State of America (formerly the Junior Statesmen of America), abbreviated JSA, was an American non-partisan youth organization. The purpose of JSA was to help high school students acquire leadership skills and the knowledge necessary to be effective debaters and civic participants. JSA was sponsored by the Junior State of America Foundation Inc. (JSAF, a 501c(3) non-profit corporation), which also operated the JSA Summer Schools. On August 2nd, 2024, it was announced that the organization would be closing and ceasing operations on August 31, 2024. In response, new organizations were formed by former JSA students and staff: Civic Leaders of America (CLA) by the school year student leaders and Students for Civic Impact by summer program students and staff.

New Albany High School (Ohio)
New Albany High School is a public high school located in New Albany, Ohio as part of the New Albany-Plain Local School District. New Albany is a four-year comprehensive high school accredited by the Ohio Department of Education.
Ethenium
In chemistry, ethenium, protonated ethylene or ethyl cation is a positive ion with the formula C2H+5. It can be viewed as a molecule of ethylene (C2H4) with one added proton (H+), or a molecule of ethane (C2H6) minus one hydride ion (H−). It is a carbocation; more specifically, a nonclassical carbocation.

Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).

Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 225 million tonnes in 2022) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward creating polyethylene, which is a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Production emits greenhouse gases, including methane from feedstock production and carbon dioxide from any non-sustainable energy used.

Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to induce ripening of fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol.
Polyphase merge sort
A polyphase merge sort is a variation of a bottom-up merge sort that sorts a list using an initial uneven distribution of sub-lists (runs), primarily used for external sorting, and is more efficient than an ordinary merge sort when there are fewer than eight external working files (such as a tape drive or a file on a hard drive). A polyphase merge sort is not a stable sort.

External sorting
External sorting is a class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data. External sorting is required when the data being sorted do not fit into the main memory of a computing device (usually RAM) and instead they must reside in the slower external memory, usually a disk drive. Thus, external sorting algorithms are external memory algorithms and thus applicable in the external memory model of computation.

External sorting algorithms generally fall into two types, distribution sorting, which resembles quicksort, and external merge sort, which resembles merge sort. External merge sort typically uses a hybrid sort-merge strategy.  In the sorting phase, chunks of data small enough to fit in main memory are read, sorted, and written out to a temporary file.  In the merge phase, the sorted subfiles are combined into a single larger file.
Bisby Lakes
The Bisby Lakes are a collection of lakes southwest of Bisby Lodge in Herkimer County, New York. The lakes have a marshy area around them, with a few residences and piers. Boating and fishing are legal on all lakes. The lakes are a part of Black River Wild Forest. The lakes are not stocked with fish, but brook trout, lake trout, splake, white sucker, bullhead, and yellow perch are native to the lakes.

Lake trout
The lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) is a freshwater char living mainly in lakes in Northern North America. Other names for it include mackinaw, namaycush, lake char (or charr), touladi, togue, laker, and grey trout. In Lake Superior, it can also be variously known as siscowet, paperbelly and lean. The lake trout is prized both as a game fish and as a food fish.  Those caught with dark coloration may be called mud hens.
Adenain
Adenain (EC 3.4.22.39) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Cleaves proteins of the adenovirus and its host cell at two consensus sites: -Yaa-Xaa-Gly-Gly-Xaa- and -Yaa-Xaa-Gly-Xaa-Gly- (in which Yaa is Met, Ile or Leu, and Xaa is any amino acid)

This cysteine endopeptidase is encoded by adenoviruses.

Adenoviridae
Adenoviruses (members of the family Adenoviridae) are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome. Their name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953.

They have a broad range of vertebrate hosts; in humans, more than 50 distinct adenoviral serotypes have been found to cause a wide range of illnesses, from mild respiratory infections in young children (the common cold) to life-threatening multi-organ disease in people with a weakened immune system.
Agata Karczmarzewska
Agata Karczmarzewska-Pura (born 27 June 1978) is a Polish female volleyball player. She was part of the Poland women's national volleyball team.

She played at the 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2004 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2008 FIVB World Grand Prix, and PTPS Nafta-Gaz Piła.

Poland women's national volleyball team
The Poland women's national volleyball team (Polish: Reprezentacja Polski w piłce siatkowej kobiet) represents Poland in international volleyball competition. The team is controlled by the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej, PZPS), the governing body for volleyball in Poland, which represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches.

Poland's greatest achievements to date have been winning bronze medals at the 1964 and the 1968 Summer Olympics, silver medal at the 1952 World Championship as well as gold medals at the 2003 and the 2005 European Championship.

The Polish national team is ranked 4th in the FIVB world ranking as of as of 10 September 2025.