hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthroceras subterminale
Arthroceras subterminale is a species of flowering plant in the Amaranth family known by the common name Parish's glasswort. It is the only species in the genus Arthroceras. This coastal and inland California native plant is a shrub that is found southerly into northern  Mexico, also in both coastal and inland areas, including salt marshes, alkali flats, and other habitats with saline soils.

As a halophyte, capable of growing in substrates with high salt concentrations, this glasswort is a perennial herb or subshrub growing in low clumps up to a meter wide mature plants having woody bases branching into fleshy, jointed green stems. The leaves appear as fused rings around stem, the tip of each individual blade narrowing to a point. The inflorescence is a fleshy, sticklike spike of minute flowers, each flower just a pocket made up of the joined sepals; there are no petals.

Soil salinity
Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization (also called salination in American English). Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salinization can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial processes such as irrigation and road salt.
Trevor Zinck
Trevor John Zinck (born November 12, 1970) is a former Canadian politician. He served as the member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly (MLA) for the riding of Dartmouth North as a New Democrat and also as an independent. He was first elected for the New Democratic Party (NDP) in the 2006 election, succeeding retiring NDP MLA Jerry Pye. He served as the Community Services critic for the NDP and was re-elected in the 2009 election.

In connection with the Nova Scotia parliamentary expenses scandal, Zinck pleaded guilty on June 17, 2013 to charges of fraud over $5,000 and breach of trust by a public officer, and resigned from the Nova Scotia legislature. He was sentenced to 4 months of imprisonment, followed by 1 year of probation.

2006 Nova Scotia general election
The 2006 Nova Scotia general election was held on June 13, 2006 to elect members of the 60th House of Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada.

Premier Rodney MacDonald, who led a Progressive Conservative minority government in the legislature, called for the election on May 13, 2006, hoping for a majority government to better advance his agenda and a clear mandate for himself as he had not yet fought an election as leader.

Ultimately, MacDonald was returned to power leading another, slightly smaller, minority government against a strengthened New Democratic Party sitting as the Official Opposition and a weakened Liberal Party. Liberal leader Francis MacKenzie was defeated in his riding of Bedford.
Kamen Rider Super-1
Kamen Rider Super-1 (仮面ライダースーパー１, Kamen Raidā Sūpā Wan) is a Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series. It is the seventh installment in the Kamen Rider Series. The series was broadcast on the Mainichi Broadcasting System from October 17, 1980, to October 3, 1981. The series production of Toei, and was created by Shōtarō Ishinomori.

Mainichi Broadcasting System
JOOY-DTV (channel 4), branded as Mainichi Broadcasting System (Japanese: 毎日放送, Hepburn: Mainichi Hōsō; MBS) (formerly known as Mainichi Broadcasting System Television from 1959 to 2011), is a Japanese television station serving as the Kansai region key station of the Japan News Network. It is owned and operated by Mainichi Broadcasting System, Inc., a subsidiary of MBS Media Holdings, with its studios based in the Kita-ku ward of Osaka.

From its inception in 1959 until 2021, MBS operated as a unified broadcaster, with its radio and television operations remaining intact until 2017, when a major restructuring placed the operations under the second incarnation of MBS. In 2021, the radio division was spun off as a separate, wholly owned subsidiary.
Denis Hallinan
Denis Hallinan (14 November 1849, Graigue – 2 July 1923, Limerick) was an Irish Roman Catholic bishop.

Hallinan was educated at The Irish College, Rome and ordained in 1874. After a curacy in Jersey he joined the staff of St Munchin's College. He served in Newcastle West and Limerick. Hallinan was appointed Bishop of Limerick on 10 January 1918. He was consecrated on 2 March that year and died in post. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity (DD). Bishop Hallinan, with the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor Phons O’Mara, called for the end of the ‘Limerick Soviet’. The socialists complied, and it was dissolved on 27 April 1919, after only two weeks’ existence.

Limerick Soviet
The Limerick Soviet (Irish: Sóivéid Luimnigh) was one of a number of self-declared Irish soviets that were formed around Ireland circa 1919. The Limerick Soviet existed for a two-week period from 14 to 27 April 1919. At the beginning of the Irish War of Independence, a general strike was organised by the Limerick Trades and Labour Council, as a protest against the British Army's declaration of a "Special Military Area" under the Defence of the Realm Act, which covered most of Limerick city and a part of the county. The soviet ran the city for the period, printed its own money and organised the supply of food. The Limerick Soviet was one of a number of Irish soviets declared between 1919 and 1923.
Panama amazon
The Panama amazon, also known as the panamanian parrot, Panama yellow-headed amazon, (Amazona ochrocephala panamensis) is a subspecies of the yellow-crowned amazon, and is endemic to Panama (including the Pearl Islands and Coiba) and northwest Colombia. In aviculture, it is sometimes listed as a separate species (Amazona panamensis), and this is potentially correct; at least as a phylogenetic species.

Coiba
Coiba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkojβa]) is the largest island in Central America, with an area of 494 km2 (191 sq mi), off the Pacific coast of the Panamanian province of Veraguas. It is part of the Montijo District of that province.
Eakin–Nagata theorem
In abstract algebra, the Eakin–Nagata theorem states: given commutative rings  such that  is finitely generated as a module over , if  is a Noetherian ring, then  is a Noetherian ring. (Note the converse is also true and is easier.)

The theorem is similar to the Artin–Tate lemma, which says that the same statement holds with "Noetherian" replaced by "finitely generated algebra" (assuming the base ring is a Noetherian ring).

The theorem was first proved in Paul M. Eakin's thesis (Eakin 1968) and later independently by Masayoshi Nagata (1968). The theorem can also be deduced from the characterization of a Noetherian ring in terms of injective modules, as done for example by David Eisenbud in (Eisenbud 1970); this approach is useful for a generalization to non-commutative rings.

Converse (logic)
In logic and mathematics, the converse of a categorical or implicational statement is the result of reversing its two constituent statements. For the implication P → Q, the converse is Q → P. For the categorical proposition All S are P, the converse is All P are S. Either way, the truth of the converse is generally independent from that of the original statement.
Tanja Mehlstäubler
Tanja Elisabeth Mehlstäubler (born 1975 in Passau) is a German physicist and professor of quantum optics and metrology. Mehlstäubler is known for her work on topological defects in ion Coulomb crystals and as a pioneer of the multi-ion clock. She has also developed scalable ion traps for quantum technological applications.

Leibniz University Hannover
Leibniz University Hannover (German: Leibniz Universität Hannover), also known as the University of Hannover, is a public research university located in Hanover, Germany. Founded on 2 May 1831 as Higher Vocational School, the university has undergone six periods of renaming, its most recent in 2006.

Leibniz University Hannover is a member of TU9, an association of the nine leading Institutes of Technology in Germany. It is also a member of the Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research, a non-profit association of leading engineering universities in Europe. The university sponsors the German National Library of Science and Technology, the largest science and technology library in the world.
André Bernanose
André Bernanose (17 June 1912 – 18 March 2002) was a 20th-century French physicist, chemist and pharmacologist.

He studied chemiluminescence during the late 1940s - early 1950s, which led him to discover the electroluminescence. He is for this reason considered the father of the OLED.

Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence (also chemoluminescence) is the emission of light (luminescence) as the result of a chemical reaction, i.e. a chemical reaction results in a flash or glow of light.  A standard example of chemiluminescence in the laboratory setting is the luminol test.  Here, blood is indicated by luminescence upon contact with iron in hemoglobin. When chemiluminescence takes place in living organisms, the phenomenon is called bioluminescence. A light stick emits light by chemiluminescence.
Chinese grouse
The Chinese grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi), also known as Severtzov's grouse, is the smallest grouse in the world. The species was first discovered and described by Przewalski in 1876.

It is endemic to China, where it is considered endangered by the China Red Data Book.

The bird is named after a Russian explorer and naturalist, Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Periwinkle (color)
Periwinkle is a color in the blue and violet family. Its name is derived from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which bears flowers of the same color.

The color periwinkle is also called lavender blue and light blue violet. The color periwinkle may be considered a pale tint of purple-blue in the Munsell color system, or a "pastel purple-blue". The color can represent serenity, calmness, winter, and ice. It can also symbolize blossoming friendships, womanhood, sentimental memories, and everlasting love.

The first recorded use of periwinkle as a color name in English was in 1922.

Friendship
Friendship is a relationship of mutual affection between people. It is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an "acquaintance" or an "association", such as a classmate, neighbor, coworker, or colleague.

Although there are many forms of friendship, certain features are common to many such bonds, such as choosing to be with one another, enjoying time spent together, and being able to engage in a positive and supportive role to one another.

Sometimes friends are distinguished from family, as in the saying "friends and family", and sometimes from lovers (e.g., "lovers and friends"), although the line is blurred with friends with benefits (see also unrequited love).

Friendship has been studied in academic fields, such as communication, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. Various academic theories of friendship have been proposed, including social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles.
Kenneth Low
Kenneth Mang-Kwong Low (Chinese: 刘孟光) is a Chinese-Fijian businessman and political leader. He unsuccessfully contested the parliamentary election of 1999 as a candidate for the General Voters Party (GVP) for the Western Central (General Electors) Communal Constituency.  He also lost the Fiji national elections in 2001 for the Suva City (General Electors) Communal Constituency, where he was the candidate of the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), but was appointed to the Senate as one of nine nominees of the Fijian Prime Minister, and became Vice-President of the Senate on 28 February 2005, the first Chinese-Fijian to do so, following the appointment of the previous Vice-President, Dr Ahmed Ali to a Government Cabinet position.

Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua
The United Fiji Party (Fijian: Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua, pronounced [soŋ.ɡo.soŋ.ɡo ndu.a.βa.ta ni le.ɰe.ni.βa.nu.a], SDL) was a political party in Fiji. It was founded in 2001 by Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase as a power base; it absorbed most of the Christian Democratic Alliance and other conservative groups, and its endorsement by the Great Council of Chiefs (Bose Levu Vakaturaga) caused it to be widely seen as the successor to the Alliance Party, the former ruling party that had dominated Fijian politics from the 1960s to the 1980s.  It drew its support mainly from indigenous Fijiians.

The party was led in Parliament by Prime Minister Qarase.  The party organization was headed up by Ratu Kalokalo Loki as President and by Jale Baba as General Secretary (later termed National Director) until early 2006, when he was transferred at the beginning of 2006 to managing the campaign for the 2006 General Election.  Peceli Kinivuwai took over as National Director.
1957 TANFL season
The 1957 Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL) premiership season was an Australian Rules football competition staged in Hobart, Tasmania over eighteen (18) roster rounds and four (4) finals series matches between 13 April and 28 September 1957.

New Town District Football Club relocated from the New Town Oval to KGV Park in Glenorchy from this season and absorbed the already existing Glenorchy Rovers club that was participating in the Southern District Football Association at that time, the name change to Glenorchy District Football Club was approved by the TANFL on 8 April 1957.

The KGV Memorial Park (as it was then known) was extensively renovated and opened for use for TANFL football on 4 May by Glenorchy Municipal Council Warden, Mr J.E Percey and by Mr Eric O'Brien, the oldest surviving player from the Glenorchy Rovers team of 1886.

Attendance
Attendance is the concept of people, individually or as a group, appearing at a location for a previously scheduled event. Measuring attendance is a significant concern for many organizations, which can use such information to gauge the effectiveness of their efforts and to plan for future efforts.
2013 NBA Development League expansion draft
The 2013 NBA Development League expansion draft was the sixth expansion draft of the National Basketball Association Development League (D-League). The draft was held on August 29, 2013, so that the newly founded Delaware 87ers could acquire players for the upcoming 2013–14 season. The 16 players were chosen from a pool of unprotected players among the league's teams. Each returning D-League team could protect up to 12 of their players from being selected.

Two of the players that the Legends chose had previously been named NBA D-League All-Stars: Leo Lyons and Sean Williams. A Boston College alumnus, Williams was also one of two players taken who had previously been selected in an NBA draft (Darington Hobson was the other).

Boston College Eagles men's basketball
The Boston College Eagles are a Division I college basketball program that represents Boston College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States. The team has competed in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since 2005, having previously played in the Big East. The Eagles have appeared in 18 NCAA Tournaments in their history, most recently in 2009.  Home games have been played at the Conte Forum since 1988. The Eagles are currently coached by Earl Grant.
A Matter of Some Gravity
"A Matter of Some Gravity" is a 1996 Uncle Scrooge adventure comic written and drawn by Don Rosa, featuring sorceress Magica De Spell. Like some other comic stories by Rosa (Cash Flow and The Universal Solvent), the story is founded with toying with the laws of nature, specifically gravity. Rosa claims that he got the ideas for those comics during a mechanical engineering course in an institute of higher education, which he took before he became a professional cartoonist.

The story was first published in the Danish Anders And & Co. #1996-32; the first American publication was in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #610, in March 1997.

Walt Disney's Comics and Stories
Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, sometimes abbreviated WDC&S, is an American anthology comic book series featuring characters from The Walt Disney Company's films and shorts, including Donald Duck, Scrooge McDuck, Mickey Mouse, Chip 'n Dale, Li'l Bad Wolf, Scamp, Bucky Bug, Grandma Duck, Brer Rabbit, Winnie the Pooh, and others. With more than 700 issues, Walt Disney's Comics & Stories is the longest-running Disney comic book in the United States, making it the flagship title, and is one of the best-selling comic books of all time.

The book was originally published by Dell Comics (1940–1962), and there have been many revivals over the years, continuing the same legacy numbering. The revivals have been published by Gold Key Comics (1962–1984), Gladstone Publishing (1986–1990), Disney Comics (1990–1993), back to Gladstone Publishing (1993–1999), Gemstone Publishing (2003–2008), Boom! Studios (2009–2011) and IDW Publishing (2015–2020).
Chengzhui line
The Chengzhui line (Chinese: 成追線; pinyin: Chéngzhuī Xiàn) is a line of the Taiwan Railway connecting the Taichung line at Chenggong station to the West Coast line at Zhuifen station, forming a wye. Currently, only local services run through the Chengzhui Line, make a direct connect between stations on Mountain line and stations on Coastal line and 11.8 km shorter of travel route and without needed to transfer at Changhua station, saving about 10 minutes travel time and waiting time while transfer at Changhua station.

As part of the "Greater Taichung Yamanote Line" plan by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, the line was upgraded to double-track to allow for increased traffic between downtown Taichung and its coastal suburbs. Construction lasted between March 2019 and January 2020.

Ministry of Transportation and Communications (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC; Chinese: 交通部; pinyin: Jiāotōngbù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kau-thong-pō͘) is a cabinet-level governmental body of the Republic of China (R.O.C.) in charge of all policy and regulation of transportation and communications networks and administration of all transportation and communications operations and enterprises in Taiwan.
Palm Bay Hospital
The Palm Bay Hospital is a not-for-profit hospital operated by Health First. It is located in Palm Bay, Florida. It is a 152-bed facility, including 52 medical/surgical beds and has 12-bed Intensive Care Unit.

Intensive care unit
An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.

An intensive care unit was defined by the task force of the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine as "an organized system for the provision of care to critically ill patients that provides intensive and specialized medical and nursing care, an enhanced capacity for monitoring, and multiple modalities of physiologic organ support to sustain life during a period of life-threatening organ system insufficiency."

Patients may be referred directly from an emergency department or from a ward if they rapidly deteriorate, or immediately after surgery if the surgery is very invasive and the patient is at high risk of complications.
Michael Römer
Michael Römer (born 23 December 1946 in Alheim, Hesse) is a German business executive, and former chairman and CEO of Merck.

He grew up in Offenbach am Main, where his father was an engineer at Hoechst AG (now Sanofi). He studied chemistry at the Technical University of Darmstadt from 1968, and obtained a doctorate in chemistry in 1977. He was employed by Merck from 1978. He became a deputy member of the executive board in 1993 and a regular member in 1994. He became deputy chairman in 2000, and served as chairman and CEO from 2005 to 2007.

Römer was President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Darmstadt 2000–2009. He received the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2008.

Hoechst AG
Hoechst AG (German pronunciation: [ˈhøːçst] ⓘ) was a German chemicals, later life sciences, company that became Aventis Deutschland after its merger with France's Rhône-Poulenc S.A. in 1999. With the new company's 2004 merger with Sanofi-Synthélabo, it became a subsidiary of the resulting Sanofi-Aventis pharmaceuticals group.
Whittington Health NHS Trust
Whittington Health NHS Trust is an NHS trust in London, England, that manages the Whittington Hospital. It primarily serves the London boroughs of Islington and Haringey, but also provides some services to the London boroughs of Barnet, Camden, Enfield and Hackney. It runs the Michael Palin Centre for Stammering Children.

London Borough of Camden
The London Borough of Camden (/ˈkæmdən/ ⓘ) is a borough in Inner London, England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn,  St Pancras and Hampstead.

To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End, where it also borders the City of London. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum, The British Library, the famous views from Parliament Hill, the London Zoo, the BT Tower, the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council.
Friends for Schuur
Friends for Schuur is a 2000 album by Diane Schuur, produced by Phil Ramone, featuring duets with Ray Charles and Stevie Wonder. It was Schuur's debut album for Concord Records. The album peaked at #22 on the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart.

Alan and Marilyn Bergman
Alan Bergman (September 11, 1925 – July 17, 2025) and Marilyn Keith Bergman (née Katz; November 10, 1928 – January 8, 2022) were an American songwriting duo. Married from 1958 until Marilyn's death, together they wrote music and lyrics for numerous celebrated television, film, and stage productions. The Bergmans enjoyed a successful career, honored with four Emmys, three Oscars, and two Grammys (including Song of the Year). They are in the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Mona Singh (scientist)
Mona Singh is an American computer scientist and researcher in the field of computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. She is the Wang Family Professor in Computer Science in the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and the Department of Computer Science at Princeton University. Since 2021, she has been the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Computational Biology.

Computational biology
Computational biology refers to the use of techniques in computer science, data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and data science, the field also has foundations in applied mathematics, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry, and genetics.