hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bridgeland stability condition
In mathematics, and especially algebraic geometry, a Bridgeland stability condition, defined by Tom Bridgeland, is an algebro-geometric stability condition defined on elements of a triangulated category. The case of original interest and particular importance is when this triangulated category is the derived category of coherent sheaves on a Calabi–Yau manifold, and this situation has fundamental links to string theory and the study of D-branes.

Such stability conditions were introduced in a rudimentary form by Michael Douglas called -stability and used to study BPS B-branes in string theory. This concept was made precise by Bridgeland, who phrased these stability conditions categorically, and initiated their study mathematically.

Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield state
In theoretical physics, massive representations of an extended supersymmetry algebra called Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfeld (BPS) states (named after Evgeny Bogomolny, M.K. Prasad, and Charles M. Sommerfield) have mass equal to the supersymmetry central charge Z. Quantum mechanically, if the supersymmetry remains unbroken, exact equality to the modulus of Z exists. Their importance arises as the supermultiplets shorten for generic massive representations, with stability and mass formula exact.
North Dakota Highway 60
North Dakota Highway 60 (ND 60) is a 29.878-mile-long (48.084 km) east–west state highway in the U.S. state of North Dakota. ND 60's southern terminus is at ND 3 and the western terminus of ND 17 north of Rugby, and the northern terminus is at ND 5 east of Bottineau.

Bottineau, North Dakota
Bottineau is a city in Bottineau County, North Dakota, United States. It is the county seat of Bottineau County and is located just over ten miles (16 km) south of the Canada–United States border. The city's population was 2,194 at the 2020 census.

The city is home to Dakota College at Bottineau. Attractions in Bottineau include the Bottineau Winter Park and "Tommy Turtle," the world's largest turtle, which has become a landmark for the city. Built in 1978 and thirty feet (9 m) in height, the fiberglass turtle is located in the eastern half of the city and was built as a symbol for the nearby Turtle Mountains. The International Peace Garden is nearby to the northeast.

Bottineau is also home to Programmer's Broadcasting, which owns and operates KBTO, along with KTZU and KWGO in Minot.
Lillian Walker (politician)
Lillian Walker Walker, known as Lillian W. Walker (May 8, 1923 – December 22, 2016), was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, who served two terms from 1964 to 1972.

Louisiana State Legislature
The Louisiana State Legislature (French: Législature de l'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Legislatura del Estado de Luisiana) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is a bicameral body, comprising the lower house, the Louisiana House of Representatives with 105 representatives, and the upper house, the Louisiana State Senate with 39 senators. Members of each house are elected from single-member districts of roughly equal populations.

The Louisiana State Legislature meets in the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge. In March 2023, Republicans gained a supermajority of the Louisiana legislature for a first in the history of Louisiana.
Kenneth Alexander (photographer)
Kenneth Alexander (March 3, 1887 – January 24, 1975) was a photographer for United Artists, 20th Century Studios and Samuel Goldwyn Productions. He was known for his celebrity portraiture, photographing such stars as Marlene Dietrich, Lillian Gish, Betty Blythe, and Vilma Bánky.

Betty Blythe
Betty Blythe (born Elizabeth Blythe Slaughter; September 1, 1893 – April 7, 1972) was an American actress best known for her dramatic roles in exotic silent films such as The Queen of Sheba (1921). She appeared in 63 silent films and 56 sound films over the course of her career.
Tennessee House of Representatives 68th district
Tennessee House of Representatives District 68 is one of the 99 legislative districts in the Tennessee House of Representatives. The district covers parts of eastern Montgomery County, Tennessee (including the eastern side of Clarksville, Tennessee).

Clarksville, Tennessee
Clarksville is a city in Montgomery County, Tennessee, United States, its county seat, and only incorporated municipality. The city had a population of 166,722 as of the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most populous city in Tennessee. It is the principal city of the Clarksville metropolitan area, which consists of Montgomery and Stewart counties in Tennessee and Christian and Trigg counties in Kentucky.

The city was founded in 1785 and incorporated in 1807, and named for General George Rogers Clark, frontier fighter and Revolutionary War hero, and brother of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Clarksville is the home of Austin Peay State University; The Leaf-Chronicle, the oldest newspaper in Tennessee; and neighbor to the Fort Campbell, United States Army post. The site of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell is located about 10 miles (16 km) from downtown Clarksville and straddles the Tennessee-Kentucky state line.
Protitanichthys
Protitanichthys is an extinct genus of comparatively large coccosteid arthrodire placoderms from the Middle Devonian of the eastern United States. Fossils are found primarily in the Eifelian-epoch aged Delaware Limestone of Ohio, and the Lower Givetian-aged Rockport Quarry Limestone of Michigan

Arthrodira
Arthrodira (Greek for "jointed neck") is an order of extinct armored, jawed fishes of the class Placodermi that flourished in the Devonian period before their sudden extinction, surviving for about 50 million years and penetrating most marine ecological niches. Arthrodires were the largest and most diverse of all groups of placoderms.
Henri Christian Michel de Stengel
Henri Christian Michel de Stengel (11 May 1744 – 28 April 1796) joined the French royal army, rapidly rose to general officer rank during the French Revolutionary Wars, and was mortally wounded in Italian campaign while serving in General Napoleon Bonaparte's army.

Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars
The Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1801) were a series of conflicts fought principally in Northern Italy between the French Revolutionary Army and a Coalition of Austria, Russia, Piedmont-Sardinia, and a number of other Italian states.

The campaign of 1796-1797 brought prominence to Napoleon Bonaparte, a young, largely unknown commander, who led French forces to victory over numerically superior Austrian and Sardinian armies.
Doolan
Doolan (Irish: Ó Duibhleachain) is a surname of Irish origin. They were chiefs of the Clan Breasail Mac Duileachain in the Ulaid sub-kingdom of Dál Fiatach, specifically located in what became the barony of Castlereagh.

Dál Fiatach
Dál Fiatach was a Gaelic dynastic-grouping and the name of their territory in the north-east of Ireland, which lasted throughout the Middle Ages until their demise in the 13th century at the hands of Normans. It was part of the over-kingdom of Ulaid, and they were its main ruling dynasty for most of Ulaid's history. Their territory lay in eastern County Down. Their capital was Dún Lethglaise (Downpatrick) and from the 9th century their main religious site was Bangor Abbey.
Suzuki Kiitsu
Suzuki Kiitsu (Japanese: 鈴木其一, 1796–1858) was a Japanese painter of the Rinpa school.

A student of the famous painter Sakai Hoitsu (1761–1828), he was for a long time considered a minor member of Rinpa school of Japanese painting. In recent years his work has been reevaluated and gained recognition, leading to a series of major exhibitions of his art in 2016–2017 in Tokyo, Hyogo and Kyoto.

Kiitsu is best known for his byōbu folding screens, often a reinterpretation of screens by other Rinpa artists, such as his massive Wind God and Thunder God following Tawaraya Sōtatsu  (c. 1570 – c. 1640), Ogata Kōrin (1658–1716) and Hoitsu. But he has been most acclaimed for his original screens, including his famed Morning Glories and Mountain Stream in Summer and Autumn.

He was also a notable master with many pupils. Although he was not the official successor of Hoitsu's school, he trained himself many of the Edo Rinpa artists. This has sometimes been labeled as the Kiitsu school of Edo Rinpa.

Hosomi Museum
Hosomi Museum (細見美術館, Hosomi Bijutsukan) opened near Okazaki Park (岡崎公園) in Kyoto, Japan, in 1998. The collection, begun by Osaka industrialist Hosomi Ryō (細見良, 1901－1978), numbers some one thousand pieces including thirty Important Cultural Properties, ranging from haniwa and tea utensils to paintings of the Heian and Kamakura periods as well as by Itō Jakuchū and Katsushika Hokusai. These are exhibited on a rotating basis with four or five exhibitions each year.
The Sermon of Saint John the Baptist (Bruegel)
The Sermon of Saint John the Baptist (or The Preaching of Saint John the Baptist) is a painting of 1566 by the Netherlandish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder in the Museum of Fine Arts in Budapest, Hungary. It was painted as oil on panel.

According to author Russell Shorto, the painting was "a sly blessing" on "hedge sermons" given by Calvinist preachers "in a field outside the city walls, safely beyond the jurisdiction of the king's men", the king being Philip II of Spain, who had banned Protestant worship in Dutch cities.

Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest)
The Museum of Fine Arts (Hungarian: Szépművészeti Múzeum, pronounced [ˈseːpmyveːsɛti ˈmuːzɛum]) is a museum in Heroes' Square, Budapest, Hungary, facing the Palace of Art.

It was built by the plans of Albert Schickedanz and Fülöp Herzog in an eclectic-neoclassical style  , between 1900 and 1906. The museum's collection is made up of international art (other than Hungarian), including all periods of European art, and comprises more than 100,000 pieces. The collection is made up of older additions such as those from Buda Castle, the Esterházy and Zichy estates, as well as donations from individual collectors. The Museum's collection is made up of six departments: Egyptian, Antique, Old sculpture gallery, Old master paintings gallery, Modern collection, Graphics collection. The institution celebrated its centenary in 2006.
Cosmopolitan (cocktail)
A cosmopolitan, or, informally, a cosmo, is a cocktail made with vodka, Cointreau, cranberry juice, and freshly squeezed or sweetened lime juice. The traditional garnish is a lime slice but a twist can be used instead. Other variations substitute lemon or orange.

The cosmopolitan is a member of the Gimlet family of cocktails. Though often presented far differently, the cosmopolitan also bears a likeness in composition to the kamikaze shooter.

Cocktail
A cocktail is a mixed drink, usually  alcoholic. Most commonly, a cocktail is a combination of one or more spirits mixed with other ingredients, such as juices, flavored syrups, tonic water, shrubs, and bitters. Cocktails vary widely across regions of the world, and many websites publish both original recipes and their own interpretations of older and more famous cocktails.
Joniny Małe
Joniny Małe [jɔˈninɨ ˈmawɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Karsin, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kościerzyna County
Kościerzyna County (Kashubian: Kòscérsczi kréz, Polish: powiat kościerski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kościerzyna, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. Its borders equal approximately the borders of the old Marquessate of Berent in the German Empire.

The county covers an area of 1,165.85 square kilometres (450.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 72,589, out of which the population of Kościerzyna is 23,776, and the rural population is 48,813.

Kościerzyna County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kościerzyna County is bordered by Kartuzy County to the north, Gdańsk County and Starogard County to the east, Chojnice County to the south, and Bytów County to the west.
Spiny lizard
Spiny lizards is a common name for the genus Sceloporus in the family Phrynosomatidae.  The genus is endemic to North America, with various species ranging from New York, to Washington, and one occurring as far south as northern Panama. The greatest diversity is found in Mexico. This genus includes some of the most commonly seen lizards in the United States. Other common names for lizards in this genus include fence lizards, scaly lizards, bunchgrass lizards, and swifts.

Edward Hallowell (herpetologist)
Edward Hallowell (1808 – February 20, 1860) was an American herpetologist and physician.

He studied and practiced medicine in Philadelphia. He also was a renowned herpetologist who described 61 new species of reptiles.

In 1851, Hallowell was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society.

Hallowell is commemorated in the scientific names of two species of frogs: Hyla hallowellii  and Leptodactylus hallowelli.
Angry Little Girls
Angry Little Girls is a webcomic by Lela Lee. The comic was launched by 2000 and is based on Lee's animated series, Angry Little Asian Girl. It challenges gender and racial stereotypes. The main character is six-year-old Kim, an angry Korean American girl.

Webcomic
Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books.
Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic. Readership levels vary widely; many are read only by the creator's immediate friends and family, while some of the most widely read have audiences of well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics, and cover many genres, styles, and subjects. They sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. The term web cartoonist is sometimes used to refer to someone who creates webcomics. Two examples of webcomic website builders are Comic Fury and Webtoon.
9.3×64mm Brenneke
The 9.3×64mm Brenneke (designated as the 9,3 x 64 Brenneke by the C.I.P.) is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire rifle cartridge designed in 1927 by German gunmaker Wilhelm Brenneke. It is suitable for hunting medium to large game animals in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.

The 9.3×64mm Brenneke was designed as a medium bore big-game cartridge for standard-sized Mauser 98 bolt-action rifles.

Big-game hunting
Big-game hunting is the hunting of large game animals for trophies, taxidermy, meat, and commercially valuable animal by-products (such as horns, antlers, tusks, bones, fur, body fat, or special organs). The term is often associated with the hunting of Africa's "Big Five" game (lion, African elephant, Cape buffalo, African leopard, and African rhinoceros), and Indian rhinoceros and Bengal tigers on the Indian subcontinent.
Richard Dreyer
Richard Dreyer (born 24 November 1960) is a former English cricketer.  Dreyer was a right-handed batsman who bowled both right-arm medium and right-arm off break.  He was born in Morpeth, Northumberland.

Dreyer made his debut for Northumberland in the 1984 Minor Counties Championship against Lincolnshire.  Dreyer played Minor counties cricket for Northumberland from 1984 to 1989, which included 22 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 3 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Essex in the 1986 NatWest Trophy.  Batting, he reached 26 runs before being run out. He made a further List A appearance, again against Essex, in the 1987 NatWest Trophy. He scored 12 runs in this match, before being dismissed by Don Topley.

Lincolnshire County Cricket Club
Lincolnshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Lincolnshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Lincolnshire played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Lincoln and plays matches around the county at Lincoln, Bourne, Grantham, London Road, Sleaford and Cleethorpes.
Hafiz Ali Ulqinaku
Hafiz Ali Ulqinaku (Ulcinj, 1855 – Lezhë, 23 April 1913) was an Albanian imam, alim, and patriot from Ulqin. He was known for his religious contributions, his role in the national spehere, and his literary works, particularly his translation of the Mawlid into Albanian.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
Mfarakeh
Mfarakeh (Arabic: مفركة, also spelled mofarakah or mufaraqah also known as batata wa bayd (Arabic: بطاطا وبيض, lit. 'potatoes and eggs') is an Arab dish made of potato, egg, ghee, cumin powder, salt and pepper, in addition chopped coriander leaf for garnish. This dish is very simple to make for breakfast, lunch or dinner. It is eaten with Arabic bread (Pita) and Arabic tea.

Mfarakeh is traditionally served as part of a mezze in the Arab world, especially in the Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan).

Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.
Thai National Observatory
Thai National Observatory (TNO) is in Doi Inthanon National Park, Chom Thong District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Atop Thailand's highest mountain, Doi Inthanon, this observatory is part of the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, and is its main facility.

Doi Inthanon National Park
Doi Inthanon National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติดอยอินทนนท์), nicknamed "the roof of Thailand", is a national park in the Thanon Thong Chai Range, Chom Thong District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. It includes Doi Inthanon, the country's highest mountain culminating at 2,565 m and also the Doi Hua Mot Luang at 2,330 m. It contains an area of 301,184 rai ~ 482 square kilometres (186 sq mi) in size.
In Prison
In Prison is a 1915 song by composer Frederick Keel, composed in 1915 in the civilian Ruhleben internment camp on the former racecourse in Berlin where Keel was interned along with other artists and musicians including Edgar Bainton, Ernest MacMillan, Leigh Henry and Benjamin Dale. The text is from A Good Knight In Prison, or simply In Prison by William Morris from The Defence of Guenevere, and Other Poems 1858.

William Morris In Prison: "Wearily, drearily, half the day long, flap the great banners, high over the stone. Strangely and eerily, sounds the wind's song, bending the banner-poles..."

The song In Prison, and the choice of text, is part of the musical testimony to Keel's activity as organizer and chair of the Ruhleben Music Society, consisting of 36 prisoners; the group's concerts were subsequently reported in the Times for 30 January 1919. Among other works of the Music Society Bainton also wrote his String Quartet in A major and MacMillan also a string quartet.

Ruhleben internment camp
Ruhleben internment camp was a civilian detention camp in Germany during World War I. It was located in Ruhleben, a former Vorwerk manor 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west of Berlin. This area is now split between the districts of Spandau and Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. The camp was developed on the site of a harness racing track laid out in 1908 north of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway line.
Tomb of Hunting and Fishing
The Tomb of Hunting and Fishing (Italian: Tomba della Caccia e Pesca), formerly known as the Tomb of the Hunter (Tomba del Cacciatore), is an Etruscan tomb in the Necropolis of Monterozzi near Tarquinia, Lazio, Italy. It was discovered in 1873 and has been dated variously to about 530–520 BC, 520 BC, 510 BC or 510–500 BC. Stephan Steingräber calls it "unquestionably one of the most beautiful and original of the Tarquinian tombs from the Late Archaic period." R. Ross Holloway emphasizes the reduction of humans to small figures in a large natural environment. There were no precedents for this in Ancient Greek art or in the Etruscan art it influenced. It was a major development in the history of ancient painting.

R. Ross Holloway
Robert Ross Holloway (August 15, 1934 – June 30, 2022) was an American archaeologist, founder with Rolf Winkes of the Center for Classical Art and Archaeology at Brown University (now the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World), and the Elisha Benjamin Andrews Professor Emeritus of Brown University, where he taught from 1964 to his retirement in 2006.
Galactogen 6beta-galactosyltransferase
In enzymology, a galactogen 6beta-galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.205) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-galactose + galactogen  UDP + 1,6-beta-D-galactosylgalactogen

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and galactogen, whereas its two products are UDP and 1,6-beta-D-galactosylgalactogen.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:galactogen beta-1,6-D-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphogalactose-galactogen galactosyltransferase, 1,6-D-galactosyltransferase, and beta-(1-6)-D-galactosyltransferase.

Uridine diphosphate
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is an organic compound. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil.

UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis. Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase forms a UDP-glucose unit by combining glucose 1-phosphate with uridine triphosphate, cleaving a pyrophosphate ion in the process. Then, the enzyme glycogen synthase combines UDP-glucose units to form a glycogen chain. The UDP molecule is cleaved from the glucose ring during this process and can be reused by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
Minnesota Senate, District 67
Minnesota Senate, District 67, encompasses portions of Ramsey County.  It has formerly included Kittson, Marshall, Roseau, Pennington, and Dakota counties.  The district is currently served by Democratic-Farmer-Labor Senator Foung Hawj.

Roseau County, Minnesota
Roseau County (/roʊˈzoʊ/) is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota, along the Canada–U.S. border. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,331. Its county seat is Roseau. Roseau County borders the Canadian province of Manitoba.

Part of the Red Lake Indian Reservation is in Roseau County.