hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cylindro-conoidal bullet
The cylindro-conoidal bullet is a type of muzzleloading firearm projectile with a convexly cone-like front end ("nose") and a cylindrical rear body, invented by Captain John Norton of the British 34th Regiment in 1832.  It had a cavitied base, so when fired, the thin concavity wall ("skirt") would expand outwards and seal up the bore diameter. The origin of his idea is an interesting one: when in southern British India, he examined the blow pipe darts used by the natives and found that their base was formed of elastic lotus pith, which by its expansion against the inner surface of the blow pipe prevented the leakage of air past it.

In 1836, Mr. W. Greener, a London-based gunsmith, improved on Norton's bullet design by inserting a conoidal wooden plug into its base. Although both inventions were rejected by the British Ordnance Department, the idea was taken up in France, and in 1849 Claude-Étienne Minié adopted Greener's design and produced the "Minié ball".

Leak
A leak is a way (usually an opening) for fluid to escape a container or fluid-containing system, such as a tank or a ship's hull, through which the contents of the container can escape or outside matter can enter the container. Leaks are usually unintended and therefore undesired. The word leak usually refers to a gradual loss; a sudden loss is usually called a spill.

The matter leaking in or out can be gas, liquid, a highly viscous paste, or even a fluidized solid such as a powdered or granular solid or other solid particles.
Vesa Välimäki
Vesa Pekka Välimäki (born 12 May 1968, Kuorevesi) is a Finnish acoustics researcher and a professor at Aalto University. He was appointed a docent in audio signal processing at Helsinki University of Technology in 1999–2002 and a full professor in 2002.

Helsinki University of Technology
Helsinki University of Technology (Finnish: Teknillinen korkeakoulu, TKK; Swedish: Tekniska högskolan, HUT in international usage) was a technical university in Finland. It was located in Otaniemi, Espoo in the Helsinki metropolitan area, and it was one of the three universities from which the modern day Aalto University was founded. The university was founded in 1849 by Grand Duke of Finland, Emperor Nicholas I and received university status in 1908. It moved from Helsinki to Otaniemi campus area in 1966. The merger of HUT with two other schools created the Aalto University in 2010, and HUT briefly held the name Aalto University School of Science and Technology before being split into four schools in 2011.

Much of the university's Otaniemi campus was designed by Alvar Aalto.
Lyudmila Koblova
Lyudmila Vyacheslavovna Koblova (Russian: Людмила Вячеславовна Коблова; born 26 May 1967) is a Russian former pair skater who competed for the Soviet Union. With her skating partner, Andrei Kalitin, she won seven international medals, including gold at the 1985 Nebelhorn Trophy and bronze at the 1986 Skate America.

After retiring from competition, Koblova became a skating coach in Russia. She formerly coached Viktoria Borzenkova, Andrei Chuvilaev, Kristina Astakhova, and Nikita Bochkov.

Andrei Chuvilaev
Andrei Mstislavovich Chuvilaev (Russian: Андрей Мстиславович Чувиляев; born 23 May 1978) is a Russian former pair skater. With Viktoria Borzenkova, he won the 2003 Winter Universiade and 2004 Bofrost Cup on Ice.
Yiu Cheuk Yin
Yiu Cheuk Yin (or transliterated as Yiu Chuk Yin; 3 July 1928 – 1 February 2008) was a former Hong Kong footballer who represented Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Asian Games, AFC Asian Cup and in the Olympics, but spent his entire career in British Hong Kong, a colony of the British Empire.

Yiu also represented Hong Kong Chinese in a non-FIFA recognized match against Malayan Chinese in 1959 Ho Ho Cup.

Yiu, along with Mok Chun Wah and Ho Cheng Yau, was collectively known as the Three Aces of South China.

Chinese Taipei national football team
The Chinese Taipei national football team (Chinese: 中華台北男子足球代表隊) represents Taiwan (The Republic of China) in international football and is controlled by the Chinese Taipei Football Association. Despite never qualifying for the FIFA World Cup, Chinese Taipei, then known as Republic of China, reached the semi-finals of the 1960 and 1968 AFC Asian Cups, finishing third in the former. The side also won gold at the 1954 and 1958 Asian Games, although the players in the team originated from British Hong Kong.
2017 Waterford Senior Football Championship
The 2017 Waterford Senior Football Championship was the 130th edition of the Waterford GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded clubs in County Waterford, Ireland.

The tournament consists of 12 teams, with the winners representing Waterford in the Munster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship starts with a seeded group stage and then progresses to a knock out stage.

The Nire/Fourmilewater were the defending champions after they defeated Abbeyside/Ballinacourty in the 2016 final.

This was Portlaw's return to the senior grade.

Ballinameela were relegated to the 2018 I.F.C. after just two seasons as a senior club.

Waterford GAA
The Waterford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Phort Láirge) or Waterford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for all levels of Gaelic games in County Waterford. The County Board is also responsible for the Waterford county teams. The county board's offices are based at Walsh Park in the city of Waterford. The Waterford County Board was founded in 1886.

Hurling is the dominant sport, with the county having won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) on two occasions: in 1948 and 1959. While football is the secondary sport in the county, it is widely played nonetheless. Waterford's greatest footballing achievement was reaching the 1898 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, which the team lost to Dublin.
Posh Alexander
Posh Alexander (born March 31, 2001) is an American college basketball player for BK Děčín. In college basketball, Alexander played for the Dayton Flyers of the Atlantic 10 Conference, the St. John's Red Storm, and Butler Bulldogs of the Big East Conference.

Butler Bulldogs men's basketball
The Butler Bulldogs men's basketball team represents Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana. The school's team currently competes in the Big East Conference. They play their home games at Hinkle Fieldhouse.
When Pigs Fly Bakery
When Pigs Fly Bakery is an American manufacturer of bread products, located in York, Maine. It produces around 25 varieties of bread, sold in supermarkets and its own chain of stores throughout the New England region. When Pigs Fly was founded in 1993 by Ron Siegel, who ran it with his brother Andrew for 29 years. Since 2021, the company has been run by brothers Grant and James Broom as CEO and president, respectively.

Bread
Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be unleavened. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.
Image development
Image development can refer to:

Corporate image development – a process known as branding or positioning

Imaging science – creating and developing images, mainly using signal processing methods

Graphic image development – creating and developing graphic images, using visual art skills
Illustrating – developing and rendering graphic images
Photography – capturing and developing photographic images
Image editing – editing graphic images, in contrast to capturing or creating graphic images from scratch
3-D modeling – creating and developing 3D computer generated graphic images from wireframe modeling
Handicraft – fabricating graphic images by hand

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Jinyun railway station
Jinyun railway station (Chinese: 缙云站) is a railway station in Jinyun County, Lishui, Zhejiang, China. It is an intermediate stop on the Jinhua–Wenzhou railway. It is used for both passengers and freight.

Lishui
Lishui (simplified Chinese: 丽水; traditional Chinese: 麗水; pinyin: Líshuǐ; Lishuinese: li⁶ syu³ [li sʮ]) is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. It borders Quzhou, Jinhua and Taizhou to the north, Wenzhou to the southeast, and the province of Fujian to the southwest. The name of the city literally means "Beautiful Waters."
History of Gondar
This article is about the history of Gondar, a city in Amhara Region of Ethiopia, and previously served as the capital of the Ethiopian Empire from 1632 (at the beginning of Gondarine period to 1855 (end of Zemene Mesafint) era.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Sankar Guru (1987 film)
Sankar Guru is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language action film, directed by L. Raja and produced by M. Saravanan, M. Balasubramanian and M. S. Guhan via AVM Productions. Adapted from Ranjit Mallick starrer blockbuster Bengali film Shatru (1984), the film was shot simultaneously in Telugu as Chinnari Devatha (transl. Little angel) with Raja Naidu as director. It stars Arjun, Seetha, Rajani and Baby Shalini. The film was released on 19 March 1987, and was commercially successful in both languages.

Shalini (actress)
Shalini (formerly known as Baby Shalini; born 20 November 1979) is a former Indian actress and child artist who worked in Malayalam and Tamil films. During the 80s, Shalini was a child artist in Malayalam and Tamil films.

After a brief hiatus from acting, Shalini made a comeback in 1997 through Malayalam and Tamil language films as a lead heroine. She retired from films soon after marrying Tamil actor Ajith Kumar in April 2000.
Santa Cueva de Covadonga
The Santa Cueva de Covadonga ("Holy Cave of Covadonga") is a Catholic sanctuary located in Asturias, northern Spain. It is a cave in the Picos de Europa mountains, which gives its name to the parish of Covadonga in the municipality of Cangas de Onís. The name refers to the sanctuary, dedicated to the Virgin of Covadonga, where the first battle of the Reconquista took place in 718.

Alfonso I of Asturias
Alfonso I of Asturias, called the Catholic (el Católico), (c. 693 – 757) was the third king of Asturias, reigning from 739 to his death in 757.  His reign saw a great extension of the Christian domain of Asturias, reconquering Galicia and León.

He succeeded his brother-in-law Favila, and was succeeded by his son, Fruela I. Alfonso's illegitimate son, Mauregatus, also became king, and his daughter Adosinda was consort to King Silo of Asturias. The dynasty started by Alfonso was known in contemporary Al-Andalus as the Astur-Leonese dynasty.
Lew (surname)
Lew is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barzillai Lew (1743–1822), American soldier and musician

Cameron Lew (born 1995), American musician, Ginger Root

Connor Lew (born 2005), American football player

Emma Lew (born 1962), Australian poet

Harry Lew (1884–1963), American basketball player

Lew Hing (1858–1934), Chinese-born American industrialist

Jack Lew (born 1955), United States Secretary of the Treasury

James Lew (born 1952), American martial arts actor

Michael Lew (born 1965), Dutch scientist

Peter Lew (born 1970), Australian businessman, son of Solomon

Randy Lew (born 1985), American poker player

Ronald S. W. Lew (1941–2023), American jurist

Shoshana Lew, (born 1983), American government administrator

Solomon Lew (born 1945), Australian businessman

Lew Syn Pau, Singaporean politician

Walter K. Lew, Korean-American poet and scholar

Lew Yih Wey (born 1991), Malaysian swimmer

Lew Syn Pau
Lew Syn Pau (Chinese: 刘信保; pinyin: Líu Xìnbǎo) is a former Member of Parliament for the Kreta Ayer-Tanglin Group Representation Constituency in Singapore as a People's Action Party politician. From 2002 to 2014, he had been President of the Singapore Manufacturing Federation (SMF); then called the Singapore Manufacturers' Association.
Maria Christina Chatziioannou
Maria Christina Chatziioannou is director of Neohellenic research at the Institute of Historical Research of the National Hellenic Research Foundation. She is a specialist in the social and economic history of Greece, diaspora studies, and the history of trade.

Chatziioannou is a graduate of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the Sapienza University of Rome.

Chatziioannou has taught at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the University of Crete. She has been a visiting professor at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, C.R.H., Paris.

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA; Greek: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ethnikó kai Kapodistriakó Panepistímio Athinón), simply referred to as the University of Athens (UoA), is a public university in Athens, Greece, with various campuses along the Athens agglomeration.

It has been in continuous operation since its establishment in 1837 and is the oldest higher education institution of the modern Greek state and the first contemporary university in both the Balkan Peninsula and the Eastern Mediterranean. Today it is one of the largest universities by enrollment in Europe, with over 69,000 registered students.
Mother Borzecka
Mother Borzecka can refer to either of the following:

Celine Borzecka, foundress of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Resurrection

Hedwig Borzecka, daughter of Celine and co-foundress of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Resurrection

Celine Borzecka
Celine Chludzińska Borzęcka (29 October 1833 – 26 October 1913) was a Roman Catholic professed religious and the co-foundress - along with her daughter Jadwiga Borzęcka - of the Sisters of the Resurrection. Borzęcka desired the religious life but married in obedience to her parents and bore four children; two died as infants. After her husband's death, she chose to follow the spiritual path with her daughter at her side and began a life in community in Rome.

Borzęcka's beatification cause was opened under Pope Paul VI on 10 April 1964 and Pope Benedict XVI beatified her on 27 October 2007.
Tomasz Łubieński (journalist)
Tomasz Konstanty Łubieński (18 April 1938 – 15 March 2024) was a Polish journalist and writer.

Łubieński served as editor-in-chief of Nowe Książki. He also worked for Kultura, Teatr, Tygodnik Solidarność, and TVP1. He was a member of the Polish Writers' Union, the Polish Writers Association, the Association "Polish Community", the Klub Wysokogórski, and PEN International.

Łubieński was the recipient of the Władysław Reymont Literary Award in 2005 and was named a Commander of the Order of Polonia Restituta in 2006.

Nowe Książki
Nowe Książki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈnɔ.vɛ ˈkɕɔnʂ.ki], meaning New Books in English) is a journal of new publications in Polish. It is a monthly magazine published by the National Library of Poland. The magazine was started in 1949. The headquarters of the monthly is in Warsaw.
Grand prix national des Lettres
The grand prix national des Lettres (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ pʁi nɑsjɔnal de lɛtʁ]) was created in 1950 by the French Ministry of Culture to recognize writers who have contributed to the influence of French literature. It has not been awarded since 1999.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Black Sunday (1977 film)
Black Sunday is a 1977 American action thriller film directed by John Frankenheimer and based on Thomas Harris's novel of the same name. It was produced by Robert Evans, and stars Robert Shaw, Bruce Dern and Marthe Keller. It was nominated for the Edgar Allan Poe Award in 1978. The screenplay was written by Ernest Lehman, Kenneth Ross and Ivan Moffat. Ross had previously written the screenplay for The Day of the Jackal, a similar plot-driven political thriller. The inspiration of the story came from the Munich massacre, perpetrated by the Black September organization against Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics, giving the title for the novel and film.

Thomas Harris
William Thomas Harris III (born September 22, 1940) is an American writer. He is the author of a series of suspense novels about Hannibal Lecter. The majority of his works have been adapted into films and television, including The Silence of the Lambs, which became only the third film in Academy Awards history to sweep the Oscars in all of the five major categories.

His novels have sold more than 50 million copies, with The Silence of the Lambs alone selling 10 million copies as of 2019.
2010 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 2010 Bord Gáis Energy GAA Hurling All-Ireland Under-21 Championship was the 47th staging of Ireland's hurling knock-out competition for players aged between 18 and 21. The final was held at Semple Stadium, Thurles on 11 September 2010. Tipperary won the game by 5-22 to 0-12 against Galway to claim their ninth title.

Semple Stadium
FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster. Located in Thurles, County Tipperary, it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple, the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906, and 1908.

The stadium is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions.
Reverie Cove
Reverie Cove is a historic summer estate on Harbor Lane in Bar Harbor, Maine.  It was designed by local architect Fred L. Savage and built in 1895, and is a particularly opulent example of Colonial Revival architecture.  A later owner of the property was New York City mayor Abram Hewitt.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, and as part of the Harbor Lane-Eden Street Historic District in 2009.

Bar Harbor, Maine
Bar Harbor is a resort town on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population is 5,089. The town is home to the College of the Atlantic, Jackson Laboratory, and MDI Biological Laboratory. During summer and fall seasons, it is a popular tourist destination.

Bar Harbor is also home to the largest parts of Acadia National Park, including Cadillac Mountain, the highest point within 25 miles (40 km) of the coastline of the Eastern United States.

From the mainland, Bar Harbor is accessible by road via Maine State Route 3. The island is directly accessible by air at Hancock County–Bar Harbor Airport, and by ferry from Winter Harbor, Maine, and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.
Frank Gatliff
Frank Ernest Gatliff (31 December 1927 – 23 June 1990) was an Australian actor based in Great Britain. He appeared in several films (notably as Bluejay in The Ipcress File) but mostly on TV, in such series as Gideon's Way, The Baron, Danger Man, The Avengers, Department S, Strange Report, The Persuaders!, Doctor Who (in the serial The Monster of Peladon), Rising Damp, The Good Life, The Onedin Line, Blake's 7, Minder and C.A.B..

Rising Damp
Rising Damp is a British sitcom, written by Eric Chappell and produced by Yorkshire Television for ITV, which was originally broadcast from 2 September 1974 until 9 May 1978. Chappell adapted the story from his 1973 stage play The Banana Box. The programme ran for four series and a spin-off feature film of the same name was released in 1980. The series won the 1978 BAFTA for Best Situation Comedy. Rising Damp was the highest-ranking ITV sitcom in the BBC's 100 Best Sitcoms poll of 2004, coming in 27th overall.
Konstantinos Gouvelis (1780–1829)
Konstantinos Gouvelis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Γουβέλης) was an Ottoman-era magnate and politician who took part in the Greek War of Independence.

Hailing from Karpenisi, Konstantinos Gouvelis was the brother of the armatolos Dimitrios Gouvelis. Highly educated and very wealthy, during the final years of Ottoman rule in Greece, Konstantinos Gouvelis served as principal secretary to Veli Pasha, son of the powerful Ali Pasha of Yanina, and entered the Filiki Etaireia.

When the Greek War of Independence broke out, Gouvelis moved to Missolonghi, donating his entire fortune to the war effort. He was elected as a representative to the Third National Assembly at Troezen, and died in 1829 at Nafplio.

He was the grandfather of the Greek general Konstantinos Gouvelis.

Karpenisi
Karpenisi (Greek: Καρπενήσι, Greek pronunciation: [karpeˈnisi]) is a town in central Greece. It is the capital of the regional unit of Evrytania. Karpenisi lies within the valley of the river Karpenisiotis (Καρπενησιώτης), a tributary of the Megdovas, in the southern part of the Pindus Mountains. Mount Tymfristos (2,315 m elevation) lies directly to the north of the town, and the foothills of mount Kaliakouda are in the south. Karpenisi has a ski resort and is a popular destination, especially during winter.