hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chemical affinity
In chemical physics and physical chemistry, chemical affinity is the electronic property by which dissimilar chemical species are capable of forming chemical compounds.  Chemical affinity can also refer to the tendency of an atom or compound to combine by chemical reaction with atoms or compounds of unlike composition.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
The Daughter (play)
The Daughter (also known as The Wrecker's Daughter) is an 1836 melodrama by the Irish writer James Sheridan Knowles. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane on 29 November 1836. The original cast included Sheridan Knowles himself as Martin, James Prescott Warde as Norris, John Cooper as Edward, Charles James Mathews as Clergyman, Thomas Cooke as Ambrose and Mary Warner as Marian.

Charles James Mathews
Charles James Mathews (26 December 1803 – 24 June 1878) was a British actor. He was one of the few British actors to be successful in French-speaking roles in France.  A son of the actor Charles Mathews, he achieved a greater reputation than his father in the same profession and also excelled at light comedy. He toured three times in the United States, and met and married his second wife there.
Mansion Hill Historic District (Madison, Wisconsin)
The Mansion Hill Historic District encompasses a part of the Mansion Hill neighborhood northwest of the capitol square in Madison, Wisconsin. In the 19th century the district was home to much of Madison's upper class, and held the largest concentration of large, ornate residences in the city, but in the 20th century it shifted to student housing. In 1997 the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Rundbogenstil
Rundbogenstil (round-arch style) is a 19th-century historic revival style of architecture popular in the German-speaking lands and the German diaspora. It combines elements of Byzantine, Romanesque, and Renaissance architecture with particular stylistic motifs.  It forms a German branch of Romanesque Revival architecture sometimes used in other countries.
Jackson Township, Clinton County, Missouri
Jackson Township is a township in Clinton County, Missouri, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 3,078. It contains the census-designated place of Lake Arrowhead.

Jackson Township was established in 1833, and named after President Andrew Jackson.

Lake Arrowhead, Missouri
Lake Arrowhead is a private community and census-designated place (CDP) in Clinton County, Missouri, United States. It is in the southeastern part of the county, surrounding a lake of the same name. It is 4 miles (6 km) south of Lathrop, 3 miles (5 km) north of Holt, and 33 miles (53 km) northeast of Kansas City. It is served by the Lathrop post office.

Lake Arrowhead was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The subdivision is operated and managed by the Lake Arrowhead Property Owners Association, consisting of all owners in good standing, who elect a volunteer Board of Trustees. There are 2,058 total lots in the subdivision.
Dasht-e Margo
Dasht-e Margo (Persian: دشت مارگو), also Dasht-e Mārgow or Dasht-e Margoh, is a desert region in the southern provinces of Nimruz and Helmand in Afghanistan. The desert is adjacent to the Dasht-e Khash and Registan Desert. It is the world's 20th largest desert at about 150,000 km2 in area with an elevation of 500–700 meters above sea level. The desert consists mainly of  and rocky-clayish plains with solonchaks, takirs, and rarely oases.

The desert's name means "Desert of Death" in Dari, with dasht meaning "plain" and margo meaning "death".

Plain
In geography, a plain, commonly known as flatland, is a flat expanse of land  that generally has few rapid or steep changes in elevation.  Natural vegetation in plains can include prairies/grasslands, forests, savanah, tundra, and desert biomes, among others. Plains occur as lowlands along valleys or at the base of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains are one of the major landforms on earth, being present on all continents and covering more than one-third of the world's land area. Plains in many areas are important for agriculture. There are various types of plains, and biomes on them.
Canton of Champigny-sur-Marne-1
The canton of Champigny-sur-Marne-1 is an administrative division of the Val-de-Marne department, Île-de-France region, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March, 2015. Its seat is in Champigny-sur-Marne.

It consists of the following communes:

Champigny-sur-Marne (partly)

Val-de-Marne
Val-de-Marne (French pronunciation: [val də maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Marne') is a department of France located in the Île-de-France region. Named after the river Marne, it is situated in the Grand Paris metropolis to the southeast of Paris’ city centre. In 2019, Val-de-Marne had a population of 1,407,124.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 94.
MacDonald S-20
The MacDonald S-20 is a single-seat sport aircraft that was designed in the United States in the early 1970s and marketed for home building.

The aircraft is a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and an open cockpit. Construction is of metal throughout, with a forward fuselage of welded steel tube construction, with the rear fuselage built up of aluminium bulkheads and longerons. The wings and tail are also of aluminium construction, and the entire aircraft is skinned in the same material. Pop rivets are used extensively to simplify construction.

The S-20 designation was applied to the prototype (registration N106AB), while aircraft built from the plans were designated S-21.

In 2009 and 2010 changes were made to the original design to add a cockpit canopy, engine cowling and electrical system, including an avionics bus and starter motor. Aircraft with these changes are designated S-22.

Conventional landing gear
Conventional landing gear, also known as tailwheel-type landing gear or taildragger, is a type of aircraft undercarriage (landing gear) consisting of two wheeled main gears forward of the center of gravity and a small wheel or skid at the rear end under the tail boom.

Taildraggers are the default undercarriage arrangements of almost all early aircraft up to the first half of the 20th century and the term "conventional" persists for this historical reason, but all modern jet aircraft and most modern propeller fixed-wing aircraft use tricycle landing gears instead, which have a single front gear (nose gear) and two aft main gears.
Yang Junjing
Yang Junjing (simplified Chinese: 杨珺菁; traditional Chinese: 楊珺菁; pinyin: yáng jùn jīng; born 15 May 1989 in Zhengzhou, Henan) is a Chinese volleyball player. She is the middle blocker of China women's national volleyball team, participating in the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Guangdong Evergrande Volleyball Club (women)
Guangdong Evergrande V.C. (simplified Chinese: 广东恒大女子排球俱乐部; traditional Chinese: 廣東恆大女子排球俱樂部) is a Chinese professional women's volleyball club, currently based in Shenzhen, Guangdong, founded in 2009 and sponsored by Evergrande Group. They are the winners of the bronze medal at the 2013 FIVB Women's Club World Championship and won one champion title of Chinese Volleyball League.
Buffalo River (Tennessee)
The Buffalo River is the longest unimpounded river in Middle Tennessee in the United States. It flows 125 miles (201 km) through the southern and western portions of that region. The Buffalo is the largest tributary of the Duck River. Canoeing is popular, especially in its middle section.  The river is named for the Buffalo fish which was abundant when the first European settlers arrived.: 1

Mainstream river snail
The mainstream river snail, also known as the onyx rocksnail, scientific name Leptoxis praerosa, is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pleuroceridae. This species is endemic to the United States.
2018–19 Greek Basketball Cup
The 2018–19 Greek Basketball Cup was the 44th edition of Greece's top-tier level professional national domestic basketball cup competition. The previous winners of the cup were AEK. The cup competition started on 15 September 2018 and ended on 17 February 2019. Panathinaikos won the competition.

Forfeit (sport)
In various sports, a forfeit is a method in which a match automatically ends, and the forfeiting team loses.

There are two distinct forms of forfeiture. One occurs when a team is unable (or refuses) to meet the basic standards for playing the game, either before the game begins or as a result of actions that happen during the match. In such a case, the team not forfeiting wins the match. Another is punitive forfeiture, in which a team has been found to have broken the rules of a sanctioning body during a match they have won and must have the results stricken from the record; whether or not the other team receives a win in such a case depends on the rules of that body and/or whether or not they were in 
compliance with the rules - if neither team was in compliance with the rules and/or the rules do not allow a losing team to be credited for a win in such a manner then the result is either a double forfeit and/or otherwise recorded as a loss for both teams.
Mettur Thermal Power Station
The Mettur Thermal Power Station is a coal-fired electric power station located in [Thoppur-Mettur Dam-Bhavani-Erode Rd, Mettur, Tamil Nadu 636406] Salem district of Tamil Nadu. It is operated by Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation Limited. The power station was commissioned during various periods from 1987 and this is the first inland thermal Power Station of TANGEDCO.The coal from Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (Talcher and Ib Valley) and Eastern Coalfields Limited (Raniganj and Mugma) are transported to the load ports of Paradip (Orissa), Vizag (Andhra Pradesh) and Haldia (West Bengal).  Thereafter the coal is transported to the discharge ports of Ennore and Tuticorin by ships.  From Ennore Port the coal is transported again through rail to Ennore Thermal Power Station and Mettur Thermal Power Station.

BGR Energy Systems Ltd was the EPC contractor for 600 MW unit 5 of the power plant.

Visakhapatnam Port
Visakhapatnam Port is one of twelve major ports in India and the only major port in Andhra Pradesh, located in Visakhapatnam.

The port is India's third largest by volume of cargo handled and largest on the Eastern Coast.
Women as Demons: The Male Perception of Women through Space and Time
Women as Demons: The Male Perception of Women through Space and Time is a 1989 book by British author Tanith Lee, compiling science fiction and fantasy short stories, all but two previously published at the time of release, and centered on female characters. It was published by The Women's Press.

Tanith Lee
Tanith Lee (19 September 1947 – 24 May 2015) was a British science fiction and fantasy writer. She wrote more than 90 novels and 300 short stories, and was the winner of multiple World Fantasy Society Derleth Awards, the World Fantasy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement in Horror. She also wrote a children's picture book (Animal Castle), and many poems. She wrote two episodes of the BBC science fiction series Blake's 7 ("Sand" and "Sarcophagus").

She was the first woman to win the British Fantasy Award best novel award (also known as the August Derleth Award), for her book Death's Master (1980).
Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Stadium
Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Stadium (Thai: สนามสมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลธัญบุรี คลอง6) is a multi-purpose stadium in Pathum Thani Province, Thailand.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Rangsit F.C.  The stadium holds 2000 people.

Siam F.C.
Siam Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอลสยาม), is a Thailand professional football club based in Nonthaburi. The club was founded in 1979 as Bangkok Glass Sport Association, and is currently playing in the Thai League 3 Bangkok metropolitan region.
Georg Karl Berendt
Georg Karl (or Carl) Berendt (13 July 1790 – 4 January 1850) was a German physician and paleontologist who was a native of Danzig.

He studied medicine and botany at the University of Königsberg, and from 1814 practiced medicine in Danzig. He is remembered for his large collection of amber inclusions, which amounted to 4,216 specimens of plants, insects, arachnids, myriapods, and more. His collection is now housed at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin.

With paleobotanist Heinrich Göppert (1800–1884), he published a work on botanical amber inclusions titled Der Bernstein und die in ihm befindlichen Pflanzenreste der Vorwelt (1845). In 1854 entomologist Carl Ludwig Koch (1778–1857) published the treatise Die im Bernstein befindlichen Myriapoden, Arachniden und Apteren der Vorwelt, based on material from Berendt's amber collection.

He was  the father of Karl Hermann Berendt.

Arachnid
Arachnids are arthropods in the class Arachnida (/əˈræknɪdə/) of the subphylum Chelicerata. Arachnida includes, among others, spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, camel spiders, whip spiders and vinegaroons.

Adult arachnids have eight legs attached to the  cephalothorax. In some species the frontmost pair of legs has converted to a sensory function, while in others, different appendages can grow large enough to take on the appearance of extra pairs of legs.

Almost all extant arachnids are terrestrial, living mainly on land. However, some inhabit freshwater environments and, with the exception of the pelagic zone, marine environments as well. They comprise over 110,000 named species, of which 51,000 are species of spiders.

The term is derived from the Greek word ἀράχνη (aráchnē, 'spider'), from the myth of the hubristic human weaver Arachne, who was turned into a spider.
Saturation patrol
A saturation patrol is a police or military patrol tactic wherein a large number of officers are concentrated into a small geographic area.  Saturation patrols are used for hot-spot crime reduction, DUI checkpoints, and other location-specific patrols.  The methodology employs overwhelming force presence, via large concentration of patrol officers, to create a real or perceived omnipresence, in the hopes that it deters crime inside and outside the actual patrol location. Authorities also use them because of riots and riot officers together with horses or dogs can assist.

Tactic (method)
A tactic is a conceptual action or short series of actions with the aim of achieving a short-term goal. This action can be implemented as one or more specific tasks. The term is commonly used in business, by protest groups, in military, espionage, and law enforcement contexts, as well as in chess, sports or other competitive activities.
Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers
Radical Chic & Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers is a 1970 book by Tom Wolfe.  The book, Wolfe's fourth, is composed of two essays: "These Radical Chic Evenings", first published in June 1970 in New York magazine, about a gathering Leonard Bernstein held for the Black Panther Party, and "Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers", about the response of many minorities to San Francisco's poverty programs.  Both essays looked at the conflict between black rage and white guilt.

Long Island Rail Road shooting
On December 7, 1993, a mass shooting occurred aboard a Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) train in Garden City Park, New York, United States. As the train arrived at the Merillon Avenue station, passenger Colin Ferguson began firing at other passengers with a semi-automatic pistol. Six of the victims were killed and 19 others were wounded before Ferguson was tackled and held down by other passengers on the train.

Ferguson's trial was noted for some unusual developments, including him dismissing his defense counsel, insisting on representing himself and questioning his victims on the stand. He was convicted in February 1995 on six counts of murder and 19 counts of attempted murder, and sentenced to life imprisonment. He is currently incarcerated at Mid-State Correctional Facility, with an earliest possible release date of August 6, 2309.
Zlynkovsky District
Zlynkovsky District (Russian: Злы́нковский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 741 square kilometers (286 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the town of Zlynka. Population: 11,610 (2021 Census); 12,917 (2010 Census); 14,056 (2002 Census); 17,205 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zlynka accounts for 45.4% of the district's total population.

Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (Russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, romanized: Bryanskaya oblastʹ), also known as Bryanshchina (Брянщина, IPA: [ˈbrʲænʲɕːɪnə]), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,169,161.
Ianoș Brînză
Ianoș Brînză (born 12 September 1998) is a Moldovan professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga III club ACS FC Dinamo București. Brînză started his career at Dacia Chișinău, then played for Politehnica Iași, before signing for FC Botoșani in the summer of 2017.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Saharia
The Saharia, Sehariya, or Sahariya are an ethnic group in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The Saharias are mainly found in the districts of Morena, Sheopur, Bhind, Gwalior, Datia, Shivpuri, Vidisha and Guna in Madhya Pradesh and Baran district of Rajasthan. They are classified as a particularly vulnerable tribal group.

Particularly vulnerable tribal group
A particularly vulnerable tribal group or PVTG (previously known as a primitive tribal group), in the context of India, is a sub-classification of Scheduled Tribe or section of a Scheduled Tribe, that is considered more vulnerable than a regular Scheduled Tribe. The PVTG list was created by the Indian Government with the purpose of better improving the living standards of endangered tribal groups based on priority. PVTGs reside in 18 states and one union territory.
Al Mundo le falta un Tornillo
Al Mundo le falta un Tornillo (Spanish: The world is missing a screw)  is a tango of Argentina composed in 1932 by José María Aguilar Porrás with lyrics by Enrique Cadícamo.

It was recorded by Carlos Gardel for the label Odeon, and one of the most accepted version is that of Julio Sosa, recorded in 1957 for RCA Victor with Armando Portier's orchestra.

The verses refer to the crisis of the 1930, with an early form of protest song and the inevitable appeal to the lunfardo.

Tango music
Tango (/ˈtæŋɡoʊ/ or /ˈtɑːŋɡoʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaŋgo]) is a style of music in 24 or 44 time that originated in Uruguay and Argentina among European immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has mainly Spanish, Italian, Gaucho, African, and French cultural roots. It is traditionally played on a solo guitar, guitar duo, or an ensemble, known as the orquesta típica, which includes at least two violins, flute, piano, double bass, and at least two bandoneóns. Sometimes guitars and a clarinet join the ensemble. Tango may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music and dance have become popular throughout the world.
Chris Remo
Chris Remo is an American video game designer, composer, writer, podcaster, and former journalist.

As a journalist, he cofounded the original Idle Thumbs website as well as its flagship podcast, and served as Editor-in-Chief of Shacknews and Editor at Large for Gamasutra.

He composed the music for Thirty Flights of Loving, Gone Home, Spacebase DF-9 and Firewatch. He co-wrote The Cave with Ron Gilbert at Double Fine Productions. In early 2014, he left Double Fine to join his Idle Thumbs co-hosts Jake Rodkin and Sean Vanaman at Campo Santo, where he contributed to the studio's narrative adventure game Firewatch as a game and story designer, composer, and audio director.

Video game journalism
Video game journalism (or video game criticism) is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of video games, typically based on a core "reveal–preview–review" cycle. With the prevalence and rise of independent media online, online publications and blogs have grown.
George Perle
George Perle (6 May 1915 – 23 January 2009) was an American composer and music theorist. As a composer, his music was largely atonal, using methods similar to the twelve-tone technique of the Second Viennese School. This serialist style, and atonality in general, was the subject of much of his theoretical writings. His 1962 book, Serial Composition and Atonality: An Introduction to the Music of Schoenberg, Berg, and Webern remains a standard text for 20th-century classical music theory. Among Perle's awards was the 1986 Pulitzer Prize for Music for his Wind Quintet No. 4.

20th-century classical music
20th-century classical music is  Western art music that was written between 1901 and 2000, inclusive. Musical style diverged during the 20th century as it never had previously, so this century was without a dominant style. Modernism, impressionism, and post-romanticism can all be traced to the decades before the turn of the 20th century, but can be included because they evolved beyond the musical boundaries of the 19th-century styles that were part of the earlier common practice period. neoclassicism and expressionism came mostly after 1900. Minimalism started later in the century and can be seen as a change from the modern to postmodern era, although some date postmodernism from as early as about 1930. Aleatory, atonality, serialism, musique concrète, and electronic music were all developed during the century. Jazz and ethnic folk music became important influences on many composers during this century.
2011 UFL season
The 2011 UFL season was the third season of the United Football League (UFL).  The season, which was affected by franchise shifts and schedule delays due in part to the UFL's lingering financial issues (as well as a failure to capitalize on the National Football League's player lockout), began on September 15, 2011, and would have run through October 28, with a championship game set for the following weekend.  The regular season was abandoned after the games of October 15 (with two weeks remaining), and the championship game moved up to October 21, when the Virginia Destroyers claimed their first UFL title by defeating the two-time defending champion Las Vegas Locomotives 17-3 at Virginia Beach Sportsplex.

Omaha Nighthawks
The Omaha Nighthawks were a professional American football team based in Omaha, Nebraska, which played in the United Football League, joining the league as an expansion team in 2010. During their first season, the Nighthawks played their home games at Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium before moving to TD Ameritrade Park Omaha for 2011 and beyond. Zach Nelson, CEO of Internet software provider NetSuite, was announced as lead owner in August 2010.