hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.

Following the partition of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea into a tetrarchy in 4 BC, it was gradually absorbed into Roman provinces, with Roman Syria annexing Iturea and Trachonitis. By the late 2nd century AD, the province was divided into Coele Syria and Syria Phoenice.

Third Mithridatic War
The Third Mithridatic War (73–63 BC), the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, was fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic.  Both sides were joined by a great number of allies, dragging the entire east of the Mediterranean and large parts of Asia (Asia Minor, Greater Armenia, northern Mesopotamia and the Levant) into the war. The conflict ended in defeat for Mithridates; it ended the Pontic Kingdom and the Seleucid Empire (by then a rump state), and also resulted in the Kingdom of Armenia becoming an allied client state of Rome.
Sadiq Abubakar III International Airport
Sadiq Abubakar III International Airport or Sultan Saddik Abubakar Airport (IATA: SKO, ICAO: DNSO) is an airport serving Sokoto, the capital of the Sokoto State in Nigeria. It is named after Siddiq Abubakar III, the Sultan of Sokoto from 1938 to 1988.

Siddiq Abubakar III
Sir Siddiq Abubakar III, GCON, KBE (15 March 1903 – 1 November 1988) was a Nigerian Muslim leader (Sarkin Musulmi). He was the 17th Sultan of Sokoto between 17 June 1938 and 1 November 1988, making him the longest-reigning Sultan.
Liyen Chong
Liyen Chong (born 1979) is a New Zealand artist of Chinese-Malaysian descent. Her work is held in the permanent collections of the Christchurch Art Gallery, the University of Canterbury and the National Gallery of Australia.

Christchurch Art Gallery
The Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetū, commonly known as the Christchurch Art Gallery, is the public art gallery of the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. It has its own substantial art collection and also presents a programme of New Zealand and international exhibitions. It is funded by Christchurch City Council. The gallery opened on 10 May 2003, replacing the city's previous public art gallery, the Robert McDougall Art Gallery, which had opened in 1932.

The Māori elements of the name are explained as follows: Te Puna honours waipuna, the artesian spring beneath the gallery and Waiwhetu refers to one of the tributaries in the immediate vicinity, which flows into the River Avon. Waiwhetu may also be translated as 'water in which stars are reflected'.
Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 284 competitors, 210 men and 74 women, took part in 159 events in 18 sports. British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games.

The Great Britain team included 69-year-old equestrian Lorna Johnstone - the oldest British athlete ever to appear in the Olympic Games.

John Kynoch
John Marriott Kynoch (born 18 March 1933) is a sport shooter who has competed for Great Britain. He won the bronze medal in running game target at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Born and raised in New Zealand, Kynoch was educated at Huntley School from 1941 to 1946 and Nelson College between 1947 and 1950. He did a short course at Massey Agricultural College before emigrating to Banffshire, Scotland in the early 1950s to work in the family woollen mill.
De Bullemolen, Lekkum
De Bullemolen English: The Executioner's Mill is a smock mill in Lekkum, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1825. The mill has been restored to working order and is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 24505.

Rijksmonument
A rijksmonument (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛiksmoːnyˌmɛnt] ⓘ, lit. 'state monument') is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands had 61,822 listed national heritage sites, of which approximately 1,500 are listed as archaeological sites.
Joyce Hilster
Joyce Hilster (born 1 June 1983, Naarden) is a Dutch former team handball player. She played on the Dutch national team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil. Hilster ended her career in 2013 at Bayer Leverkusen.

She retired in 2013 and has worked as a physiotherapist since.

Netherlands women's national handball team
The Netherlands women's national handball team is the national handball team of the Netherlands. It is governed by the Nederlands Handbal Verbond (NHV).

The team won their first World Championship in 2019 in Japan after defeating Spain in the final.
The useful plants of the Dutch East Indies
The useful plants of the Dutch East Indies (original Dutch title: De nuttige planten van Nederlands Indië) is a series of four descriptive botany books written by the Dutch botanist Karel Heyne (1877–1947). The series is the first descriptive catalogue about botanical plants and their economical use in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). It became a standard reference and was received by the public with appreciation. The series was published in Dutch (1913–1917) by Ruygrok & Co. in Batavia (now Jakarta).  The series was re-edited in 1922, 1927 and 1950.

Sympetalae
Sympetally (fused petals) is a flower characteristic that historically was used to classify a grouping of plants termed Sympetalae, but this term has been abandoned in newer molecular based classifications, although the grouping has similarity to the modern term asterids.
Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum
Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum is a mitosporic fungus that causes the butternut canker, a lethal disease of butternut trees (Juglans cinerea). It is also known to parasitize other members of the genus Juglans on occasion, and very rarely other related trees including hickories. The fungus is found throughout North America, occurring on up to 91% of butternut trees, and may be threatening the viability of butternut as a species.

Hickory
Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus Carya, which includes 19 species accepted by Plants of the World Online.

Seven species are native to southeast Asia in China, Indochina, and northeastern India (Assam), and twelve are native to North America. A number of hickory species are used for their edible nuts or for their wood.
WKCM
WKCM (1160 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Hawesville, Kentucky. The station is owned and operated by Hancock Communications, Inc., doing business as the Cromwell Radio Group, and the station's broadcast license is held by Hancock Communications, Inc.

WKCM broadcasts a classic country music format to the greater Owensboro, Kentucky, area.

Hawesville, Kentucky
Hawesville is a home rule-class city on the south bank of the Ohio River in Hancock County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. As of the 2020 census, Hawesville had a population of 1,023. It is included in the Owensboro metropolitan area.
La Ciotat
La Ciotat (French: [la sjɔta]; Provençal: La Ciutat [la sjewˈta], lit. 'The City') is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southern France. It is the southeasternmost commune of the Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis. La Ciotat is located at about 25 km (15.5 mi) to the east of Marseille, at an equal distance from Toulon.

Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis
The Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis (French: métropole d'Aix-Marseille-Provence, pronounced [metʁɔpɔl dɛks maʁsɛj pʁɔvɑ̃s]) is the métropole, an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Marseille and Aix-en-Provence. It is located in the Bouches-du-Rhône, Var and Vaucluse departments, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, southeastern France. It was created in January 2016, replacing the previous Communauté urbaine Marseille Provence Métropole and five communautés d'agglomération. Its area is 3149.2 km2. Its population was 1,889,666 in 2018, of which 868,277 in Marseille proper and 143,097 in Aix-en-Provence.
Colour Me Wednesday
Colour Me Wednesday are an English indie pop/pop punk band from West London, England, built around sisters Jen and Harriet Doveton. The band are noted for their melodic guitar pop, politicised lyrics and DIY punk method, including producing their own recordings, artwork and promotional videos.

Lauren Records
Lauren Records is an American independent record label founded in Southern California in 2011 by Aaron Kovacs. The label mostly specializes in indie rock, emo, and other melodic punk rock adjacent genres.
JS Hiuchi
JS Hiuchi is a Hiuchi class Auxiliary Multi-purpose Support (AMS) ship of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF).

The ship was built by Mitsui in Tamano and commissioned into service on 27 March 2002. The primary mission of the Hiuchi is to support training exercises of other ships, including shooting practice and torpedo launching practice.

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 海上自衛隊, Hepburn: Kaijō Jieitai), abbreviated JMSDF (海自, Kaiji), also simply known as the Japanese Navy, is the navy branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The JMSDF was formed following the dissolution of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after World War II. The JMSDF has a fleet of 164 ships, 346 aircraft and 50,800 personnel.
Carnegie Range
The Carnegie Range (82°11′S 161°10′E﻿ / ﻿82.183°S 161.167°E﻿ / -82.183; 161.167) is a mountain range in the Churchill Mountains of the Transantarctic Mountains System, in the Ross Dependency of Antarctica.

Ross Dependency
The Ross Dependency is a region of Antarctica defined by a sector originating at the South Pole, passing along longitudes 160° east to 150° west, and terminating at latitude 60° south. It is claimed by New Zealand, a claim mutually accepted only by Australia, the UK, France and Norway, which are countries that also have territorial claims in Antarctica. Under the 1961 Antarctic Treaty, of which all territorial claimants are signatories, including New Zealand, all claims are held in abeyance.  Article IV states: "No acts or activities taking place while the present Treaty is in force shall constitute a basis for asserting, supporting or denying a claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica or create any rights of sovereignty in Antarctica".

The Dependency takes its name from Sir James Clark Ross, who discovered the Ross Sea and includes part of Victoria Land, and most of the Ross Ice Shelf. Ross, Balleny, Scott and Roosevelt Islands also form part of the Dependency.
John Les
John Les (born 1952) is a Canadian politician and former member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for British Columbia, representing Chilliwack-Sumas from 2001 to 2009, and Chilliwack from 2009 to 2013. A caucus member of the British Columbia Liberal Party, he served in the cabinet of Premier Gordon Campbell as Minister of Small Business and Economic Development from 2004 to 2005, and Minister of Public Safety and Solicitor General from 2005 to 2008. Prior to entering provincial politics, he was a municipal councillor and mayor of Chilliwack.

Executive Council of British Columbia
The Executive Council of British Columbia (the Cabinet) is the Cabinet of the Canadian province of British Columbia. Almost always composed of members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role as the federal Cabinet of Canada is to the Canadian House of Commons.

Executive power is vested in the Crown: the lieutenant governor of British Columbia, as representative of the Crown, exercises executive power on the advice of the Cabinet as the lieutenant governor in Council. Members of the Cabinet are selected by the premier of British Columbia, who chairs the Cabinet.
C. Dass
C. Dass (7 June 1922 – 20 January 2001) was an Indian politician of the Indian National Congress. He was member of the 3rd Lok Sabha (1962–1967) and the 4th Lok Sabha (1967–1970), from Tirupati. Dass was also a member of the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams from 1963 to 1966. He was predeceased by his wife, with whom he had three sons and two daughters. Dass died on 20 January 2001, at the age of 78.

Madanapalle
Madanapalle is a City and District headquarters of Annamayya district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  Madanapalle is headquarters of Madanapalle Mandal, Madanapalle revenue division and PKM Urban Development Authority.
Batman: The Dark Knight (roller coaster)
Batman: The Dark Knight (formerly Batman: The Ride) is a steel floorless roller coaster designed by Bolliger & Mabillard located in the Gotham City section of Six Flags New England. The roller coaster has 2,600 feet (790 m) of track, reaches a maximum height of 117.8 feet (35.9 m) and features five inversions. The coaster was released to the public on April 20, 2002. In 2008, the ride's name was changed to Batman: The Ride to avoid confusion with Six Flags New England's installation of The Dark Knight Coaster that was planned to be built at the park, but after the project was cancelled, the ride's name reverted to Batman: The Dark Knight.

Floorless Coaster
A Floorless Coaster is a type of steel roller coaster manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard where riders sit with no floor underneath them, allowing their feet to swing freely just above the track. Development of the Floorless Coaster model began between 1995 and 1996 with Medusa at Six Flags Great Adventure, which opened on April 2, 1999, as world's first Floorless Coaster. Floorless Coasters typically feature between three and seven inversions in the layout of the coaster.

Since 2007, Bolliger & Mabillard have used floorless trains on their Dive Coasters, such as Griffon and SheiKra. Though they contain floorless trains, the coasters are still not considered Floorless Coasters, as the company classifies them as another model. Maurer Söhne has designed their own version of the Floorless Coaster, a variant of their X-Car model called X-Car Floorless, but currently do not have any installations.
FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup
The FIBA 3x3 Asia Cup is the top basketball tournament in Asia for 3x3 national teams and was first held in 2013 as the FIBA Asia 3x3 Championship in Doha, Qatar. In the championship, there are 2 events, men's and women's. Each team has 4 players (3 on court, 1 bench). The match is played on a half court and every rule applies as well as a 12-second shot clock and clearance needed on a new possession.

From 2019 to 2022, the tournament was held in Changsha, China.

3x3 basketball
3x3 basketball (stylized as ƐX3, pronounced three-ex-three) is a variation of basketball played three-a-side, with one backboard and in a half-court setup. This basketball game format is currently being promoted and structured by FIBA, the sport's governing body. Its primary competition is an annual FIBA 3X3 World Tour, comprising a series of Masters and one Final tournament, and awarding six-figure prize money in US dollars. The FIBA 3x3 World Cups for men and women are the highest tournaments for national 3x3 teams. The 3x3 format has been adopted for both the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games.
Paracalyx balfourii
Paracalyx balfourii is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to Socotra  and Samhah in the Socotra Archipelago of Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and rocky areas.

Socotra Governorate
The Socotra Archipelago (Arabic: أرخبيل سقطرى ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), officially the Socotra Archipelago Governorate (Arabic: محافظة أرخبيل سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), abbreviated to Socotra Governorate (Arabic: محافظة سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat Suquṭrā), is one of the governorates of Yemen. It consists of four larger islands and three small islets in the Indian Ocean south of mainland Yemen and east of the Horn of Africa. The largest island is Socotra.
Mad Mom
Mad Mom, also known as Psycho Mother-in-Law, is a 2019 Canadian television film directed by Jean-François Rivard, and written by James Phillips. The film stars Romy Rosemont, Kari Matchett, and Victoria Diamond. Principal photography started in May 2018.

The film premiered on Lifetime on January 2, 2019 in the United States, with the title Psycho Mother-in-Law.

In 2019, the film received a Directors Guild of Canada nomination for Best Production Design – Movies For Television and Mini-Series.

Kari Matchett
Kari Matchett is a Canadian actress. She is known for her roles as Colleen Blessed on Power Play, Joan Campbell on Covert Affairs, Kate Filmore in the science fiction movie Cube 2: Hypercube, and U.S. president Michelle Travers on The Night Agent. She has also appeared in films such as Apartment Hunting (2000), Angel Eyes (2001), Men with Brooms (2002), Cypher (2002), Civic Duty (2006), The Tree of Life (2011), and Maudie (2016).
Silver Bullet (Frontier City)
Silver Bullet is a steel Looping Star roller coaster currently operating at Frontier City in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Manufactured by Anton Schwarzkopf as the first transportable looping roller coaster, the ride was named Looping Star and first owned by German showmen Oscar Bruch and Fritz Kinzler. After its debut at the Cranger Kirmes in 1978, it operated on several fairs in Germany until it was sold to the State Fair of Texas in 1980. After the 1983 season it was relocated to Jolly Roger Amusement Park where it operated for the 1984 and 1985 seasons before being relocated again in 1986. At Frontier City the ride was renamed Silver Bullet and is currently the tallest roller coaster at the park and the one that has been operating there for the longest time.

Anton Schwarzkopf
Anton Schwarzkopf (8 July 1924 – 30 July 2001) was a German engineer who founded Schwarzkopf Industries GmbH, a German manufacturer of roller coasters and other amusement rides that were sold to amusement parks and travelling funfairs around the world.
Japanese studies
Japanese studies or Japan studies (Japanese: 日本学, Hepburn: Nihongaku), sometimes known as Japanology in Europe, is a sub-field of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on Japan. It incorporates fields such as the study of Japanese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science.

The historical roots of Western Japanese studies may be traced back to the Dutch traders based at Dejima, Nagasaki during the Edo period (1603–1867). The foundation of the Asiatic Society of Japan at Yokohama in 1872 by Western scholars such as Ernest Satow and Frederick Victor Dickins was an important event in the development of Japanese studies as an academic discipline.

Frederick Dickins
Frederick Victor Dickins CB (24 May 1838 – 16 August 1915) was a British naval surgeon, barrister, orientalist and university administrator. He is now remembered as a translator of Japanese literature.
Fatoe Switie Mountains
Fatoe Switie Mountains (Dutch: Fatoe Switiegebergte) is a mountain range in the Sipaliwini District of Suriname. The highest peak is about 375 metres.

In 1902, Governor Cornelis Lely of Suriname decided that the Lawa Railway would be built by the government. The railway line would transport gold from the foot of the Fatoe Switie Mountains to Paramaribo. The proposed 350-kilometre (220 mi) railway line was only half completed from Paramaribo due to disappointing gold finds. As of 1998, Golden Star Resources has a base at Fatoe Switie for their gold mining operations which is located about 17-kilometre (11 mi) from Benzdorp.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Humanum genus
Humanum genus is a papal encyclical promulgated on 20 April 1884 by Pope Leo XIII.

Released in the ascent of the industrial age, Marxism, and the aftermath of the September 20, 1870, Capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy military forces from the Papal States, Humanum genus is principally a condemnation of Freemasonry.  It states that the late 19th century was a dangerous era for the Roman Catholic Church, largely due to numerous concepts and practices it attributes to Freemasonry, namely  naturalism, popular sovereignty, and the separation of church and state.

Some of the strictures found in Humanum genus still remain in force today.

Pope Clement XII
Pope Clement XII (Latin: Clemens XII; Italian: Clemente XII; 7 April 1652 – 6 February 1740), born Lorenzo Corsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 July 1730 to his death in February 1740.

Clement presided over the growth of a surplus in the papal finances. He thus became known for building the new façade of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran, beginning construction of the Trevi Fountain, and the purchase of Cardinal Alessandro Albani's collection of antiquities for the papal gallery. In his 1738 bull In eminenti apostolatus, he provides the first public papal condemnation of Freemasonry.
Ussurites
Ussurites is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod genus belonging to the suborder Phylloceratina and is included in the family Ussuritidae.  Its range is restricted to the early Middle Triassic, (Anisian)

As with the family, the shell of Ussurites is discoidal, evolute, and generally smooth. The suture is phyletic with divided lobes and simple, rounded, elongate saddles.  The ventral lobe is bifurcated, the two branches sharply serrated. The two lateral lobes are asymmetrically trifurcated, sections sharply pointed. The first lateral saddle (closest to the venter) is fairly evenly rounded, the second and third are narrower and asymmetric, leaning away from the venter and toward the umbilicus.

Monophyllites, which extends through the Middle Triassic into the Carnian is similar, differing in the details of the suture.

Phylloceratina
The Phylloceratina are a suborder of ammonoid cephalopods, belonging to the Ammonitida, whose range extends from the Lower Triassic to the Upper Cretaceous. Shells of the Phylloceratina are generally smooth with small to large umbilici and complex sutures with leaf-like phylloid saddle endings and lobes with thornlike  projections.
Parthasarathy's theorem
In mathematics – and in particular the study of games on the unit square – Parthasarathy's theorem is a generalization of Von Neumann's minimax theorem.  It states that a particular class of games has a mixed value, provided that at least one of the players has a strategy that is restricted to absolutely continuous distributions with respect to the Lebesgue measure (in other words, one of the players is forbidden to use a pure strategy).

The theorem is attributed to Thiruvenkatachari Parthasarathy.

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.