hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Grey (British Army officer)
General Charles Grey (15 March 1804 – 31 March 1870) was a British army officer, member of the British House of Commons and political figure in Lower Canada. In the last two decades of his life, he served successively as private secretary to Prince Albert and Queen Victoria.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Quantum double model
In condensed matter physics and quantum information theory, the quantum double model, proposed by Alexei Kitaev, is a lattice model that exhibits topological excitations. This model can be regarded as a lattice gauge theory, and it has applications in many fields, like topological quantum computation, topological order, topological quantum memory, quantum error-correcting code, etc. The name "quantum double" come from the Drinfeld double of a finite groups and Hopf algebras. The most well-known example is the toric code model, which is a special case of quantum double model by setting input group as cyclic group .

Alexei Kitaev
Alexei Yurievich Kitaev (Russian: Алексей Юрьевич Китаев; born August 26, 1963) is a Russian-American theoretical physicist.

He is currently a professor of theoretical physics and mathematics at the California Institute of Technology.

Kitaev has received multiple awards recognizing his contributions to quantum information science and condensed matter physics, particularly in quantum computation and topological phases of matter.
Jo Tindley
Joanna Louise Tindley (born 1 May 1987) is a British racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's Continental Team Smurfit Westrock Cycling Team. Tindley was the winner of the sprints classification in the Tour Series in 2021 and 2022, and was the winner of the British National Circuit Race Championships in 2021.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Střítež nad Ludinou
Střítež nad Ludinou (German: Ohrensdorf) is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

Střítež nad Ludinou lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Přerov, 36 km (22 mi) east of Olomouc, and 245 km (152 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
2019 Internationaux de Strasbourg – Doubles
Mihaela Buzărnescu and Raluca Olaru were the defending champions, but Buzărnescu chose not to participate this year. Olaru played alongside Darija Jurak, but lost in the semifinals to Daria Gavrilova and Ellen Perez.

Gavrilova and Perez went on to win the title, defeating Duan Yingying and Han Xinyun in the final, 6–4, 6–3.

Darija Jurak Schreiber
Darija Jurak Schreiber (née Jurak; Croatian pronunciation: [dâːrija jûraːk]; born 5 April 1984) is a Croatian tennis player. Her career-high doubles ranking is world No. 9, achieved on 15 November 2021. Her best WTA ranking in singles is 188 which she reached in April 2004. She qualified with Andreja Klepač for the 2021 WTA Finals after 20 years on the professional tour.
Top Gear (American TV series) season 3
The third season of Top Gear began airing on History from August 14, 2012, until April 2, 2013. Adam Ferrera, Tanner Foust, Rutledge Wood and The Stig returned as hosts, with sixteen weekly episodes being broadcast. This season was the first not to include segments, including car reviews, studio segments, Power laps and Big Star, Small Car, as they were discarded from the programme before season 3 commenced.

Top Gear (American TV series)
Top Gear is an American motoring television series, based on the BBC series of the same name. The show's presenters were professional racing driver Tanner Foust, actor and comedian Adam Ferrara, and automotive and racing analyst Rutledge Wood. As with the original British version, the show has its own version of The Stig, an anonymous racing driver, and a celebrity guest is featured each week for the first two seasons.  The show originally ran from 2010 to 2016 on History.
Angels Camp Museum
Angels Camp Museum is a history museum located in Angels Camp, California, in the United States. The museum focuses on the history of the California Gold Rush.  Angels Camp Museum is located on 3 acres (1.2 ha) of the original land claim for Angels Mine, which dates back to the 1850s. It spreads out between four buildings and features a collection of twenty-nine restored horse-drawn carriages.

Angels Camp, California
Angels Camp  (formerly Angel's Camp, Angels, Angels City, Carson's Creek and Clearlake), is the only incorporated city in Calaveras County, California, United States. The population was 3,667 at the 2020 census. It lies at an elevation of 1381 feet (421 m).

Established in 1849, the town was a quartz mining destination in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Over $100 million was generated from mining activities. Black Bart, Joaquin Murieta, and other outlaws were said to have spent time in the town. Mark Twain based his short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" on a story he claimed to have heard at the Angels Hotel in 1865. The event is commemorated with a Jumping Frog Jubilee each May at the Calaveras County Fairgrounds, just east of the city. Because of this, Angels Camp is sometimes referred to as "Frogtown."

The city is California Historical Landmark #287.
750 Motor Club
750 Motor Club is a motor racing club in the UK. It was founded in 1939 to promote the sporting use of the Austin 7. '750' refers to the near-750cc Austin 7 engine. It later led to racing and the 750 Formula where specials are raced. Famous members include Colin Chapman, Eric Broadley, Adrian Reynard, Arthur Mallock, Derek Bennett, Tony Southgate, Brian Hart, Gordon Murray, Jem Marsh, Frank Costin and Mike Pilbeam. These engineers and designers produced the first Lotus, Lola, Chevron, Speedex, Marcos, Pilbeam and other sports and racing cars between the 1940s and 1960s.

The 750MC has continued to promote competitive, low-cost racing for enthusiasts, with a range of championships for production and racing sports cars, saloons and single-seaters.

Adrian Reynard
Adrian John Reynard (born 23 March 1951 in Welwyn, England) is a businessman and commercial astronaut. He is the founder of Reynard Motorsport, which was a successful racing car manufacturer before it went bankrupt in 2002.
Mac Cécht (warrior)
Mac Cécht (Early Modern Irish: Mac Céacht) is the patronymic or cognomen ("son of power") given to one or two warrior champions from Connacht in the Ulster Cycle of early Irish literature. The personages may be identifical or may have been conflated at some stage, although the connection is nowhere made explicit and different fathers are ascribed to them in the tales.

Munster
Munster (Irish: an Mhumhain [ə ˈwuːnʲ] or Cúige Mumhan [ˌkuːɟə ˈmˠuːnˠ]) is the largest of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the south west of the island. In early Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was one of the kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland ruled by a "king of over-kings" (Irish: rí ruirech). Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties.

Munster has no official function for local government purposes. For the purposes of the ISO, the province is listed as one of the provincial sub-divisions of the State (ISO 3166-2:IE) and coded as "IE-M". Munster covers an area of 24,675 km2 (9,527 sq mi). Its population was 1,373,346 in 2022, with Cork being the largest city. Other significant urban centres in the province include Limerick and Waterford.
Ali Omar Ermes
Ali Omar Ermes (Arabic: علي عمر الرميص, born 1945) was a Libyan artist and author. His paintings make use of Arabic calligraphy, often superimposed on a rich-textured ground, and may incorporate fragments of Arabic or other poetry or prose. He had lived in the United Kingdom since 1981, and was the chairman of the Muslim Cultural Heritage Centre in Kensington in west London; he was also active in other intellectual and cultural institutions in that city.

Arabic calligraphy
Arabic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy based on the Arabic alphabet. It is known in Arabic as khatt (Arabic: خَطّ), derived from the words 'line', 'design', or 'construction'. Kufic is the oldest form of the Arabic script.

From an artistic point of view, Arabic calligraphy has been known and appreciated for its diversity and great potential for development. In fact, it has been linked in Arabic culture to various fields such as religion, art, architecture, education and craftsmanship, which in turn have played an important role in its advancement.

Although most Islamic calligraphy is in Arabic and most Arabic calligraphy is Islamic, the two are not identical. Coptic or other Christian manuscripts in Arabic, for example, have made use of calligraphy. Likewise, there is Islamic calligraphy in Persian and Ottoman Turkish.
Ten Wood
Ten Wood is a 17.7-hectare (44-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Burrough Green in Cambridgeshire.

This ancient wood is of the ash/maple type, which has a high conservation value as it has a restricted and declining distribution. Other trees include hazel and pedunculate oak. There is also a population of the rare oxlip.

The site is private land with no public access.

Corylus avellana
Corylus avellana, the common hazel, is a species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae. The shrubs usually grow 3–8 metres (10–26 feet) tall. The nut is round, in contrast to the longer filbert nut. Common hazel is native to Europe and Western Asia.

The species is mainly cultivated for its nuts. The name 'hazelnut' applies to the nuts of any species in the genus Corylus, but in commercial contexts usually describes C. avellana. This hazelnut or cob nut, the kernel of the seed, is edible and used raw, roasted, or ground into a paste. Historically, the shrub was an important component of the hedgerows used as field boundaries in lowland England. The wood was grown as coppice, with the poles used for wattle-and-daub building and agricultural fencing.
Anamirta cocculus
Anamirta cocculus (Marathi: काकमारी) is a Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. It is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous compound with stimulant properties.

The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10 cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood.  The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 and 10 millimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Polyamine
A polyamine is an organic compound having three or more amino groups. Alkyl polyamines occur naturally, but some are synthetic. Alkylpolyamines are colorless, hygroscopic, and water soluble. Near neutral pH, they exist as the ammonium derivatives. Most aromatic polyamines are crystalline solids at room temperature.
Nikolaj Øris Nielsen
Nikolaj Øris Nielsen (born 26 March 1986) is a Danish handballer for Bjerringbro-Silkeborg and the Danish national team.

He has played his entire career for BSH except a single loan year, where he played for league rivals club Lemvig-Thyborøn Håndbold. In the 2015-16 he was part of the team that won the Danish Championship for the first time in club history.

Nikolaj Øris is the younger brother of follow handball players Mads Ø. Nielsen and Mikkel Ø. Nielsen. He made his debut for the Danish national team in 2010. He has played for Bjerringbro-Silkeborg all his professional career, with the exception of a year on loan at Lemvig-Thyborøn Håndbold.

In 2019 he won the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship with the Danish team. This was the first time ever, that Denmark won the title. In 2021 he won it for a second time at the 2021 World Championship.

Bjerringbro-Silkeborg Håndbold
Bjerringbro-Silkeborg Håndbold  is a handball club, based in the two Danish cities of Bjerringbro and Silkeborg. Currently, Bjerringbro-Silkeborg competes in the men's Danish Handball League. The home arena of the team is JYSK Arena.

The official fan club is called BSH Support. The fan club has previously been known as BSV Support and as Black Eagles.
The Lady Luck EP
The Lady Luck EP is the third extended play by American rock band The Cab, released on June 30, 2009, through Decaydance and Fueled by Ramen. The EP reached the US Heatseekers Albums chart at number 14.

DCD2 Records
DCD2 Records, formerly known as Decaydance Records, is an independent record label owned by Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy and partners, based in New York City. It was founded as an imprint of Fueled by Ramen. The first band Wentz signed to the label was Panic! at the Disco. In 2014, the label relaunched as DCD2 Records, keeping the acts that were still signed to Decaydance before the relaunch. New Politics and Lolo were the first acts signed under the new name.
Nurmijärvi Pentecostal Church
The Nurmijärvi Pentecostal Church (also known as the Nurmijärvi Pentecostal Congregation; Finnish: Nurmijärven helluntaiseurakunta) is a Finnish Pentecostal congregation in Nurmijärvi, Finland. It was founded in 1987 and it had about 200 members in 2025.

The congregation's activities include church services, prayer evenings, children's and youth work, and music activities. The congregation organizes food distribution, maintains a flea market, and publishes the Lähde magazine. The congregation has done missionary work among the Romani people in Ukraine and in Cuba. The congregation also has a Christian choir, Flow. The congregation broadcasts its events live, for example through the UskoTV service and on the television and online channels of TV7. The congregation also produces a program that is broadcast on Radio Dei.

Radio Dei
Radio Dei (Radiance of God, Radio of God) is a Christian radio station in Finland. It broadcasts on 89.0 MHz in the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, and simulcasts on other frequencies in most other major Finnish cities. Radio Dei also simulcasts over the Internet, through its website.
Water agency (France)
A water agency in France, formerly called a basin agency, is a public administrative establishment that participates in water management within an administrative basin district, whose boundaries correspond to a large hydrographic basin. There are six of them, all established by the Water Law of 1964, specified by the Law of 3 January 1992. The hydrographic basins of the overseas departments of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, and Réunion are equipped with a Water Office, with equivalent missions.

In 2000 the European Union created hydrographic districts based on the model of these basin agencies; in other countries their activities are fulfilled by a water board.

Water board
A water board is a regional or national organisation that has very different functions from one country to another. The functions range from flood control and water resources management at the regional or local level (the Netherlands, Germany), water charging and financing at the river basin level (France), bulk water supply (South Africa), regulation of pricing and service quality of drinking water supply at the national level (Kenya) or the coordination of water resources policies between various Ministries and agencies at the national level together with the regulation of drinking water supply (the Philippines).
Abdoul Karim Coulibaly
Abdoul Karim Coulibaly (born 23 December 2000) is a Malian college basketball player for the UMass Lowell River Hawks of the America East Conference. He previously played for the Pittsburgh Panthers and the St. Bonaventure Bonnies. Coulibaly is also a member of the Mali national basketball team.

Pittsburgh Panthers men's basketball
The Pittsburgh Panthers men's basketball team is the NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball program of the University of Pittsburgh, often referred to as "Pitt", located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Pitt men's basketball team competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and plays their home games in the Petersen Events Center. The Panthers were retroactively recognized as a pre-NCAA tournament national champion twice by the Helms Athletic Foundation and was ranked as the nation's top college team once by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll; however, neither designation is recognized by the NCAA as an official national championship, despite the NCAA referencing Helms's historical findings. Pitt has reached one Final Four, received 15 First Team All-American selections, appeared in 27 NCAA tournaments through the 2022–23 season, and has recorded 1,674 victories against 1,232 losses since their inaugural season of 1905–06.
KTM
KTM AG (German pronunciation: [kˌɑːtˌeːˈɛm]) is an Austrian motorcycle, bicycle and motorsports brand. It traces its foundation to 1934 as Kronreif & Trunkenpolz Mattighofen. Today, Bajaj Mobility AG (formerly Pierer Mobility AG) operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded motorcycles, and KTM Fahrrad GmbH operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded bicycles.

KTM is known for its off-road motorcycles and as a reputed MotoGP constructor.

In November 2025, it was announced that Bajaj Auto had completed the acquisition of a controlling stake in KTM for €800 million, increasing its indirect holding to approximately 75%.

FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship
The FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship was the premier championship of Rally raid racing, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), from 1999 to 2021 (from 1999 and 2002 as World Cup). Asides the main championship, there were World Cups for the following categories: Quads, Women, Junior, and over 450 cc.

The Cross-Country Rallies World Championship was contested for the first time in 1999. It was organized by FIM with the aim joining in a unique calendar the numerous cross-country rallies disputed all over the world in a totally uncoordinated way. The trophy awarded in early seasons was a simple "world cup", but the large participation of drivers since the first edition pushed the FIM to set up a few years later a real "world championship".

A separate competition exists for "baja" style rally raids called the FIM Bajas World Cup.

From 2022, the cup merged with the FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies to become the World Rally-Raid Championship.
Plastic milk container
Plastic milk containers are plastic containers for storing, shipping and dispensing milk.  Plastic bottles, sometimes called jugs, have largely replaced glass bottles for home consumption. Glass milk bottles have traditionally been reusable while light-weight plastic bottles are designed for single trips and plastic recycling.

Glass bottle
Common uses for bottles made from glass include food condiments, soda, liquor, cosmetics, pickling and preservatives; they are occasionally also notably used for the informal distribution of notes. A glass bottle can vary in size considerably, but are most commonly found in sizes ranging between about 200 millilitres and 1.5 litres.
Newtown, Ormond Upper
Newtown, (Irish: An Baile Nua) is a townland in the Barony of Ormond Upper in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is in the civil parish of Ballymackey	
and is one of nineteen townlands known as Newtown in County Tipperary.

Ormond Upper
Ormond Upper (Irish: Urumhain Uachtarach) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Toomevara. The barony lies between Ormond Lower to the north (whose chief town is Nenagh), Kilnamanagh Upper to the south (whose chief town is Borrisoleigh), Owney and Arra to the west (whose chief town is Newport) and Ikerrin to the east (whose chief town is Roscrea). The territory is currently administered by Tipperary County Council. The O'Mearas had an extensive territory in the barony; the name of their chief residence, Tuaim-ui-Meara, is still retained in the town of Toomavara.
Red Rock West
Red Rock West is a 1993 American post-Western neo-noir thriller film directed by John Dahl and starring Nicolas Cage, Lara Flynn Boyle, J. T. Walsh, and Dennis Hopper. Its plot focuses on a drifter who is mistaken for a hitman while traveling through a rural Wyoming community. The film was written by Dahl and his brother Rick, and shot in Arizona, Montana, and Los Angeles in 1992.

The film premiered in several European countries and screened at the 1993 Toronto International Film Festival before being given a limited theatrical release in the United States, beginning at Los Angeles's Roxie Theater on January 28, 1994. Its release expanded in Los Angeles and New York City that spring, but the film was a box-office flop, grossing $2.5 million.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.