hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Department for Children, Schools and Families
Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) was a department of the UK government, between 2007 and 2010, responsible for issues affecting people in England up to the age of 19, including child protection and education. DCSF was replaced by the Department for Education after the change of government following the 2010 General Election.

The department was led by the Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families.

The expenditure, administration and policy of the department was scrutinised by the Children, Schools and Families Select Committee.

Education Select Committee
The Education Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The remit of the committee is to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the Department for Education and any associated public bodies.

The chair of the committee until 2024 was Robin Walker MP. Previous chairs include Robert Halfon MP (2017–2022), Neil Carmichael (2015–17) and Graham Stuart MP (2010–2015).
Radivojević
Radivojević or Radivojevich (Cyrillic script: Радивојевић) is a patronymic surname derived from a masculine given name Radivoje. Notable people with the surname include:

Branko Radivojevič (born 1980), Slovak professional ice hockey player of Serbian ancestry

Desnica Radivojević, Bosnian politician

Juraj Radivojević (died c. 1408), Bosnian nobleman

Jovan Radivojević (born 1982), Serbian professional football player

Katarina Radivojević (born 1979), Serbian actress

Milan Radivojević, Yugoslav basketball player

Miloš Radivojević (born 1939), Serbian television and movie director

Paul von Radivojevich (1759–1829), Austrian general of the Napoleonic era of Serbian antecedents

Saša Radivojević (born 1979), Serbian professional football goalkeeper

Vladimir Radivojević (born 1986), Serbian professional football player

Vuk Radivojević (born 1983), Serbian professional basketball player

Julija Radivojević (born 1799), Serbian writer

Paul von Radivojevich
Paul von Radivojevich (1759 – 15 July 1829) was an Austrian army corps commander in the army of the Austrian Empire during the late Napoleonic Wars. He joined the army of the Habsburg monarchy in 1782 and fought in one of the early battles of the French Revolutionary Wars. He led a Grenz Infantry Regiment before being promoted to general officer in 1807. He led a brigade at Eckmühl in 1809, a division in the summer of 1813, and a corps at Caldiero in 1813 and at the Mincio in 1814. During the 1815 Italian campaign, he led a corps in Switzerland, Piedmont, and France. After the wars, he commanded part of the Military Frontier. He was Proprietor (Inhaber) of an infantry regiment from 1815 until his death in 1829.
Oundle Rural District
Oundle was a rural district in England from 1894 to 1935.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 from the Oundle rural sanitary district.  It was one of only a few such districts to cross a county border, with parishes in both Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire.

In 1935 it was abolished, under the Local Government Act 1929.  The Northamptonshire part went to form the Oundle and Thrapston Rural District, and from the Huntingdonshire part, the parish of Elton became part of Norman Cross Rural District whilst the parishes of Great Gidding, Little Gidding and Winwick became part of Huntingdon Rural District.

Local Government Act 1929
The Local Government Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. 5. c. 17) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made changes to the Poor Law and local government in England and Wales.

The act abolished the system of poor law unions in England and Wales and their boards of guardians, transferring their powers to local authorities. It also gave county councils increased powers over highways, and made provisions for the restructuring of urban and rural districts as more efficient local government areas.
A North Sea Breeze on the Dutch Coast
A North Sea Breeze on the Dutch Coast is an 1855 oil painting by the British artist Edward William Cooke. A seascape, it blends elements of landscape and genre painting. It depicts a scene at Scheveningen on the North Sea coast, with a group of fisherman hauling ashore their vessel during a strong wind.

Cooke was a protégé of Clarkson Stanfield and became known for his romantic paintings of coastal scenes, many of them set in the Netherlands. The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1855 at the National Gallery in London. Today it is in the collection of the National Maritime Museum, in Greenwich.

National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is a maritime museum in Greenwich, London. It is part of Royal Museums Greenwich, a network of museums in the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, it has no general admission charge; there are admission charges for most side-gallery temporary exhibitions, usually supplemented by many loaned works from other museums.
The 34th
The 34th: The Story of Marriage Equality in Ireland is an Irish documentary film by Linda Cullen and Vanessa Gildea. The film tells the story of the people who formed Marriage Equality in Ireland, and explores the events that led to the Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution, which amended the Constitution of Ireland by referendum to permit marriage to be contracted by two persons without distinction as to their sex.

Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland
Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland are only possible by way of referendum. A proposal to amend the Constitution of Ireland must be initiated as a bill in Dáil Éireann, be passed by both Houses of the Oireachtas (parliament), then submitted to a referendum, and finally signed into law by the president of Ireland. Since the constitution entered into force on 29 December 1937, there have been 32 amendments to the constitution.

Aside from amendments to the Constitution itself, the Constitution also provides for referendums on ordinary bills; this is known as an ordinary referendum. This provision has never been used.
Brian Godawa
Brian James Godawa (born November 10, 1961) is an American screenwriter and author. He wrote the screenplays for To End All Wars and The Visitation, and co-wrote Change Your Life! with Adam Christing and My Son Hunter with Phelim McAleer.

Godawa's book, Hollywood Worldviews: Watching Films with Wisdom and Discernment (ISBN 0830837132), is in its ninth printing. He is also a contributor to the BioLogos Forum.

His Biblical Fantasy books, the Nephilim Chronicles, are an imaginative retelling of Biblical stories of the Nephilim giants, the secret plans of the fallen Watchers (angel), and the War of the Seed of Serpent with the Seed of Eve. The sequel series, Chronicles of the Apocalypse,  tells the story of John the Apostle's Book of Revelation. The Chronicles of the Watchers "recounts true history through the Watcher paradigm."

To End All Wars
To End All Wars is a 2001 war film starring Robert Carlyle, Kiefer Sutherland and Sakae Kimura and was directed by David L. Cunningham. The film is based on Through the Valley of the Kwai, an autobiography of Ernest Gordon, then a Scottish Captain, later the Presbyterian Dean of the Princeton University Chapel.
1960–61 Austrian Cup
The 1960–61 Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup) was the 27th season of Austria's nationwide football cup competition. The final was held at the Praterstadion, Vienna on 22 June 1961.

The competition was won by Rapid Wien after beating First Vienna 3–1.

Austrian Cup
The Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup), known as UNIQA ÖFB Cup for sponsorship purposes, is an annual football competition held by the Austrian Football Association, the ÖFB. Austria Wien are the record cup winners, having won for the 27th time in 2008–09. Wolfsberger AC are the current holders, winning their first ever cup trophy in the 2024-25 edition.
Mycobacterium chitae
Mycobacterium chitae is a species of the phylum Actinomycetota (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus Mycobacterium.

Type strain: strain ATCC 19627 = CCUG 39504 = CIP 105383 = DSM 44633 = JCM 12403 = NCTC 10485.

GC-content
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content (or G+C content or guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases in a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine (G) or cytosine (C). This measure indicates the proportion of G and C bases out of an implied four total bases, also including adenine and thymine in DNA and adenine and uracil in RNA.

GC-content may be given for a certain fragment of DNA or RNA or for an entire genome. When it refers to a fragment, it may denote the GC-content of an individual gene or section of a gene (domain), a group of genes or gene clusters, a non-coding region, or a synthetic oligonucleotide such as a primer.
Ghat Roads
13°38′32″N 79°22′20″E﻿ / ﻿13.6422638°N 79.3721351°E﻿ / 13.6422638; 79.3721351

Ghat Roads are access routes into the mountainous Western and Eastern Ghats, mountain ranges of the Indian subcontinent. These roads are remarkable feats of engineering, and most were constructed during the British Raj. Ghat Roads were built to connect to the hill stations established in the mountains for residents to avoid summer heat. They generally served to connect coastal areas with the upper Deccan Plateau.

The Indian state of Tamil Nadu has highest number of Ghat Roads.

The Western Ghats are bounded by Tapti River to the north, and the Eastern Ghats are bounded by Mahanadi River to the north.

Hill station
A hill station is a type of hill town, mostly in colonial Asia, but also in colonial Africa (albeit rarely), founded by European colonialists as a refuge from the summer heat. As historian Dane Kennedy observes about the Indian context, "the hill station (...) was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider". The term is still used in present day, particularly in India, which has the largest number of hill stations; most are situated at an altitude of approximately 1,000 to 2,500 metres (3,300 to 8,200 ft).
Oxnard Oil Field
The Oxnard Oil Field is a large and productive oil field in and adjacent to the city of Oxnard, in Ventura County, California, in the United States. Its conventional oil reserves are close to exhaustion, with only an estimated one percent of the original oil recoverable with current technology remaining:  434,000 barrels (69,000 m3) out of an original 43.5 million.  However, the reservoir includes an enormous deposit of tar sands, ultra-heavy oil classed as an unconventional petroleum reserve, and potentially containing 600 million barrels (95,000,000 m3) of oil equivalent, should it become economically feasible to extract.  Present operators on the field include Tri-Valley Oil & Gas Co., Anterra Energy Services, Inc., Chase Production Co., and Occidental Petroleum through its Vintage Production subsidiary.  As of the beginning of 2009, there were 34 active wells on the field.

Oil and gas reserves and resource quantification
Oil and gas reserves denote discovered quantities of crude oil and natural gas from known fields that can be profitably produced/recovered from an approved development. Oil and gas reserves tied to approved operational plans filed on the day of reserves reporting are also sensitive to fluctuating global market pricing.  The remaining resource estimates (after the reserves have been accounted) are likely sub-commercial and may still be under appraisal with the potential to be technically recoverable once commercially established. Natural gas is frequently associated with oil directly and gas reserves are commonly quoted in barrels of oil equivalent (BOE).  Consequently, both oil and gas reserves, as well as resource estimates, follow the same reporting guidelines, and are referred to collectively hereinafter as oil & gas.
Fakhruwal
Fakhruwal is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) from Shahkot, 25.7 kilometres (16.0 mi) from Nakodar, 49 kilometres (30 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 178 kilometres (111 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Bowens (surname)
Bowens is a surname of Welsh origin, it is an alteration of Bowen with English patronymic-s. Modified spelling of Dutch Bouwens, an alteration of Bauwens.

Chauncey Bowens (born 2006), American football player

David Bowens (born 1977), American football player

Tom Bowens (born 1940), American basketball player

Tom Bowens
Tommie Lee Bowens Jr. (born July 7, 1940) is a retired American basketball player. A 6-foot-8-inch (2.03 m) and 220 pounds (100 kg) forward/center from Okolona, Mississippi, he played collegiately for the Grambling State University Tigers.

He played for the Denver Rockets (1967–68), New York Nets (1968–69) and New Orleans Buccaneers (1969–70) in the ABA for 211 games.
East Clarendon station
The East Clarendon Railroad Station is a historic railroad station at 212 Vermont Route 103 in Clarendon, Vermont.  Built in 1916 by the Rutland Railroad and in service for 35 years, it is a well-preserved reminder of the importance of the railroad through the area.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.  It presently houses a restaurant.

Vermont Route 103
Vermont Route 103 (VT 103) is a 42.036-mile-long (67.650 km) north–south state highway in southern Vermont, United States. It runs from U.S. Route 5 (US 5) in Rockingham in the east to US 7 in Clarendon near Rutland in the west. The Vermont Country Store's second branch is one attraction along the route, as well as the Okemo Ski Resort in Ludlow.
Philip Bernard
Philip Bernard (fl. 1786) was a Mi'kmaq chief in the geographical area of St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia.

Chief Bernard negotiated to receive legal title to a tract of land for his group in 1786. This established the principle of land grants to indigenous people and paved the way for the reserve system which was established in 1820.

St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia
St. Margarets Bay is a bay located on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada on the border of Halifax County (Halifax Regional Municipality) and Lunenburg County (Municipality of the District of Chester).
Henning Frenzel
Henning Frenzel (born 3 May 1942 in Geithain) is a German former footballer. Frenzel was active in East Germany, and spent his entire career with Lokomotive Leipzig (in its various guises), where he totalled 420 appearances and 152 goals, respectively the third and fourth best in the DDR-Oberliga. He won 42 caps for East Germany, scoring 19 goals, and was part of the bronze medal-winning side at the 1964 Olympics. After retiring in 1978 he worked as a youth coach. In 2004, at the age of 62, he made a comeback for the now re-established Lokomotive Leipzig, in a Kreisliga-3 (tier 11) match against SV Paunsdorf.

East Germany national football team
The East Germany national football team, recognised as Germany DR by FIFA, represented East Germany in men's international football, playing as one of three post-war German teams, along with Saarland and West Germany.

East Germany qualified for the World Cup once, doing so in 1974, and after German reunification in 1990, the Deutscher Fußball Verband der DDR (DFV, English: German Football Association of the GDR), and with it the East German team, joined the Deutscher Fußball Bund (DFB) and the West Germany national football team that had just won the World Cup.
Higab
Higab (previously Higabgruppen; English: Higab Group) is a municipal company wholly owned by Gothenburg Municipality in Sweden. The company was formed in 1966 as Hantverks- och Industrihus i Göteborg AB to administer and develop many of the public buildings in the municipality. The company also acts as a contractor from time to time. Some of the over 300 objects administered by Higab or its subsidiaries include Gothenburg City Theatre, Gothenburg Museum of Art, Feskekôrka, Röhss Museum, Barque Viking, Gamla Ullevi and Ullevi.

Gothenburg Municipality
Gothenburg Municipality (Göteborgs kommun or Göteborgs stad) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Gothenburg.

When the first Swedish local government acts were implemented in 1863 the City of Gothenburg, founded and chartered in 1621, became a city municipality with an elected city council (stadsfullmäktige). Its territory has since then been added through amalgamations in 1868, 1906, 1922, 1931, 1945, 1948, 1967 and 1974. The local government reform of 1971 made the city a unitary municipality, like all others in the country. The municipality prefers, however, to style itself Göteborgs stad (City of Gothenburg), whenever legally possible.

In March 2018 it was reported that the municipality and municipality-owned companies had 236 employees working with public relations (Swedish: kommunikation), more than Stockholm, to a cost of 400 000 SEK daily or 151 million SEK annually.
Deadstock Coffee
Deadstock Coffee is a Black-owned coffee company based in Portland, Oregon, United States. The business has operated coffee shops in the Old Town Chinatown neighborhood and in Beaverton. Deadstock also and sells beans online.

In December 2025, the business announced plans to close the Old Town shop permanently. Deadstock is slated to begin operating from The Hoxton, Portland in 2026.

Beaverton, Oregon
Beaverton is a city in the Tualatin Valley, located in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon, with a small portion bordering Portland. The city is among the main cities that make up the Portland metropolitan area. Its population was 97,494 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in the county and the seventh-most populous city in Oregon. Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro.
Hugo W. Koehler
Hugo William Koehler (July 19, 1886 – June 17, 1941) (pronounced [ˈkøːlɐ]) was a United States Navy commander, secret agent and socialite. Following the First World War, he served as an Office of Naval Intelligence and State Department operative in Russia during its civil war, and later as naval attaché to Poland. He was rumored to be the illegitimate son of the Crown Prince of Austria and to have assisted the Romanovs in fleeing Russia following the revolution of 1917. He was awarded the Navy Cross for his service during World War I and was the step-father of United States Senator Claiborne Pell (1918–2009).

Kuban
45°2′N 38°58′E﻿ / ﻿45.033°N 38.967°E﻿ / 45.033; 38.967

Kuban (Russian and Ukrainian: Кубань; Adyghe: Пшызэ; Kabardian: Псыжь; Karachay-Balkar: Къобан; Nogai: Кобан; Abaza: Къвбина) is a historical and geographical region in the North Caucasus region of southern Russia surrounding the Kuban River, on the Black Sea between the Don Steppe, the Volga Delta and separated from the Crimean Peninsula to the west by the Kerch Strait. Krasnodar Krai is often referred to as Kuban, both officially and unofficially, although the term is not exclusive to the krai and also accommodates the republics of Adygea, Karachay-Cherkessia, and parts of Stavropol Krai.
MV Patra
MV Patra, formerly known as Kronprins Frederik, was a Danish-built passenger ferry constructed in 1941 at Helsingør Shipyard, Denmark. It primarily operated on North Sea routes under the ownership of Det Forenede Dampskibs-Selskab (DFDS). In March 1976, the ship was sold to the Arab Navigation Company of Suez and was renamed to Patra. On 24 December 1976, the ferry sank after catching fire while en route from Jeddah to Suez in the Red Sea.

Helsingør
Helsingør (/ˌhɛlsɪŋˈɜːr/ HEL-sing-UR, Danish: [helse̝ŋˈøɐ̯ˀ]; classically known in English as Elsinore (/ˈɛlsɪnɔːr, ˌɛlsɪˈnɔːr/ EL-sin-or, -⁠OR), is a coastal city in northeastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 63,953 on 1 January 2025, making it the 23rd most populated municipality in Denmark. Helsingør is located at the narrowest part of the Øresund strait and together with Helsingborg in Sweden, forms the northern reaches of the Øresund Region, centred on Copenhagen and Malmö. Helsingør is a ferry city, with the frequent departures on the HH Ferry route, which connects Helsingør with Helsingborg, 4 km (2.5 mi) across the Øresund.

Its castle Kronborg was used by William Shakespeare as the setting for his play Hamlet.
Jim Birch (rugby union)
James Birch (30 December 1889 – 17 April 1968) was an English-born international rugby union prop who played club rugby for Northampton and Neath was capped twice for Wales. Birch was selected for Wales in a tit for tat reprisal by the Welsh Rugby Union after the Rugby Football Union selected Welshman Stanley Williams for England.

Rugby Football Union
The Rugby Football Union (RFU) is the national governing body for rugby union in England. It was founded in 1871, and was the sport's international governing body prior to the formation of what is now known as World Rugby (WR) in 1886. It promotes and runs the sport, organises international matches for the England national team, and educates and trains players and officials.

The RFU is an industrial and provident society owned by over 2,000 member clubs, representing over 2.5 million registered players, and forms the largest rugby union society in the world, and one of the largest sports organisations in England. It is based at Twickenham Stadium, London.

In September 2010 the equivalent women's rugby body, the Rugby Football Union for Women (RFUW), was able to nominate a member to the RFU Council to represent women's and girls' rugby. The RFUW was integrated into the RFU in July 2012.
Protea tenax
Protea tenax also known as the tenacious sugarbush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa and distributed in the Outeniqua, Tsitsikamma, Kouga and Winterhoek mountains as well as the Baviaanskloof. In Afrikaans it is known as Gehardesuikerbos.

Kouga Mountains
The Kouga mountains are a mountain range on the border of the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces in South Africa, stretching in an east–west direction. They are part of the Cape Fold Belt, beginning just east of Uniondale and stretching further eastwards. The range separates the Baviaanskloof (to which the Kouga Mountains run parallel) and Langkloof from each other.