hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flag of Chernihiv Oblast
The flag of the Chernihiv Oblast is the official flag of Chernihiv Oblast, an oblast in Ukraine. It was designed by I. Sytyi, A. Hrechylo and I. Pavlenko, and officially adopted by the resolution of a regional council on July 11, 2000.

The flag is a rectangular green panel with an aspect ratio of 2:3, the middle of which is a white horizontal stripe (width 1/5 of the flag's width), and in the upper pole of the white square shows the emblem area. Green stripes on the flag represent the Polissia and white line — the Desna River.

Emblem of the field — in a silver box black double-headed eagle with red claws and tongue, golden eyes and arms (beaks and claws) on their heads — open gold crown, in each chest there is blue shield with a gold edge — the golden mark of Prince Mstislav Volodimirovich, founder of the Grand Duchy of Chernigov.

Polesia
Polesia, also called Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye, is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the East European Plain, including the Belarus–Ukraine border region and part of eastern Poland. This region should not be confused with parts of Russia also traditionally called "Polesie".
Siege of Przemyśl
The Siege of Przemyśl was the longest siege in Europe during the First World War, and the second largest in the entire conflict, after the Siege of Medina. The siege was a crushing defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Army by the Russian Army. Przemyśl was a fortress-town and stronghold on the River San in what is now southeastern Poland. The investment of Przemyśl began on 16 September 1914 and was briefly suspended on 11 October, due to an Austro-Hungarian offensive. The siege resumed on 9 November and the Austro-Hungarian garrison surrendered on 22 March 1915, after holding out for a total of 133 days. The siege has been referred to as "Austria-Hungary's Stalingrad".

San (river)
The San (Polish: San; Ukrainian: Сян, romanized: Sian; German: Saan) is a river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine. It is a tributary of the river Vistula. With a length of 458 kilometres (285 mi), the San is the 6th-longest Polish river. It has a basin area of 16,877 km2, of which 14,426 km2 is in Poland.
1993 Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1993 Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 29th staging of the Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board in 1929.

The final was played on 31 October 1993 at Nowlan Park in Kilkenny, between John Locke's and Thomastown, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. John Locke's won the match by 3–11 to 2–12 to claim their second championship title overall and a first championship title in 57 years.

Nowlan Park
Nowlan Park (/ˈnoʊlən/; Páirc Uí Nualláin), known for sponsorship reasons as UPMC Nowlan Park, is the principal Gaelic Athletic Association stadium in Kilkenny, Ireland. Named after James Nowlan, the longest serving President of the GAA, the stadium hosts major hurling matches and is home to the Kilkenny hurling team. It opened in 1927, replacing St. James Park.
Lau–Colville Ridge
The Lau–Colville Ridge is an extinct oceanic ridge located on the oceanic Australian Plate in the south-west Pacific Ocean extending about 2,700 km (1,700 mi) from the south east of Fiji to the continental shelf margin of the North Island of New Zealand. It was an historic subduction boundary between the Australian Plate and the Pacific Plate and has important tectonic relationships to its east where very active spreading and subduction processes exist today. It is now the inactive part of an eastward-migrating, 100 million year old Lau-Tonga-Havre-Kermadec arc/back-arc system or complex and is important in understanding submarine arc volcanism because of these relationships. To its west is the South Fiji Basin whose northern bedrock is Oligocene in origin.

Taupō Volcanic Zone
The Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) is a volcanic area in the North Island of New Zealand. It has been active for at least the past two million years and is still highly active.

Mount Ruapehu marks its south-western end and the zone runs north-eastward through the Taupō and Rotorua areas and offshore into the Bay of Plenty. It is part of a larger Central Volcanic Region that extends to the Coromandel Peninsula and has been active for four million years. The zone is contained within the tectonic intra-arc continental Taupō Rift and this rift volcanic zone is widening unevenly east–west, with the greatest rate of widening at the Bay of Plenty coast, the least at Mount Ruapehu and a rate of about 8 mm (0.31 in) per year at Taupō. The zone is named after Lake Taupō, the flooded caldera of the largest volcano in the zone, the Taupō Volcano and contains a large central volcanic plateau as well as other landforms.
Small nucleolar RNA TBR6
Small nucleolar RNA TBR6 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule identified in Trypanosoma brucei which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA TBR6 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family direct site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

TBR6 was one of seventeen snoRNAs identified in Trypanosoma brucei by immunoprecipitation with anti-fibrillarin antibodies. Together with TBR12, TBR4 and TBR2 it is a part of snoRNA gene cluster that is tandemly repeated. These 4 snoRNA genes are transcribed as a polycistronic RNA transcript.

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Cultural policy of the United States
Most cultural policy in the United States is enacted at the local and state level, though federal programs also exist to carry out cultural policy. These promote the culture of the United States, including visual art, performing arts, heritage, language, museums, libraries, and sports.

Theater in the United States
Theater in the United States is part of the old European theatrical tradition and has been heavily influenced by the British theater. The central hub of the American theater scene is Manhattan, with its divisions of Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off-Broadway. Many movie and television stars have gotten their big break working in New York productions. Outside New York, many cities have professional regional or resident theater companies that produce their own seasons, with some works being produced regionally with hopes of eventually moving to New York. U.S. theater also has an active community theater culture, which relies mainly on local volunteers who may not be actively pursuing a theatrical career.
Jack Wright (rugby union, born 1910)
John Cecil Wright (6 August 1910 – August 2003) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Whitchurch, Shropshire, Wright was educated at a Shrewsbury preparatory school and Sedbergh School.

Wright served in the Metropolitan Police from 1929 to 1935 and was based at a station in central London. He captained the Metropolitan Police rugby side, while making appearances with Crewe and Nantwich when on leave. In 1934, Wright was capped for England in a Home Nations match against Wales in Cardiff. He also played football as a goalkeeper with Shrewsbury Town in the Midland Football League.

During World War II, Wright served as a King's Shropshire Light Infantry officer and participated in the Tunisian campaign, for which he was mentioned in dispatches in 1943. He was later a prisoner of war in Italy and Germany.

Wright was a farmer in Lincolnshire and Wales in his post war years.

King's Shropshire Light Infantry
The King's Shropshire Light Infantry (KSLI) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in the Childers Reforms of 1881, but with antecedents dating back to 1755. It served in the Second Boer War, World War I, World War II and Korean War. In 1968, the four regiments of the Light Infantry Brigade (the KSLI, Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry and Durham Light Infantry) amalgamated to form The Light Infantry, with the 1st KSLI being redesignated as the 3rd Battalion of the new regiment.
Rajowal Nau
Rajowal Nau or New Rajowal is a town and Union Council of Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The name Rajowal Nau originated from Rajowal Kuhna located between Khudian and Chunian on the Grand Trunk Road, built by Sher Shah Suri. The Mosque of Rajowal Kuhna has a unique Mughal structure, built by General Shahbaz Khan Kamboh, a general of Mughal Emperor Akbar. It is part of Kasur Tehsil and is located at 30°52'60N 74°17'60E with an altitude of 179 metres (590 feet).

Khudian
Khudian Khas (Urdu: کھڈیاں خاص), is a large town and Municipal Committee of Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Khudian is part of Kasur Tehsil and is at an altitude of 177 meters (583 feet) above sea level. The Sutlej River, which flows on the India-Pakistan border, is 20 kilometers from Khudian. It is 33 kilometers from India-Pakistan border of Ganda Singh Wala.
Cristallina Hut
The Cristallina Hut (German Cristallinahütte, Italian Capanna Cristallina) is a mountain hut of the Swiss Alpine Club, located in the Lepontine Alps in the Swiss canton of Ticino--specifically, On the west side of the Cristallina mountain.

The original Cristallina Hut was built in 1939, but was almost completely destroyed during an avalanche in 1999, the third avalanche to cause the hut serious damage. It was rebuilt in 2002, 150 meters lower, on the Cristallina Pass, situated between the Bavona valley and the Val Bedretto, at an altitude of 2575 meters. The new hut was designed by Baserga Mozzetti, of Muralto.

From Ossasco (Val Bedretto) the hut is reached in about three and a half hours; from Fusio in six and a half hours. It has 120 beds, divided over 17 rooms. It is open from the end of June to the beginning of October, and occasionally during the winter as well.

interior

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Kusa Paba
Kusa Paba (Sinhala: කුස පබා) is a 2012 Sri Lankan Sinhala historical drama film, directed by Sunil Ariyaratne and co-produced by renowned film directors and producers of the Sri Lanka Arts Society, which includes H.D Premasiri, Udayakantha Warnasuriya, Rasitha Jinesena, Sunil T Fernando, Tissa Nagodavithana, Ariyadasa Peiris, Janitha Marasinghe, Justin Belagamage, Renuka Balasooriya, Dhammika Siriwardana and Somaratne Dissanayake.

The film stars Pooja Umashankar and Jackson Anthony in lead roles, along with Ravindra Randeniya and Veena Jayakody. The music was composed by Rohana Weerasinghe. It is the 1170th film in the Sinhala cinema.

The plot of the film is based on the 550 Jataka tales. It was highly profitable and a major hit among Sri Lankans.

Dhammika Siriwardana
Dhammika Siriwardana (15 September 1954 – 15 December 2015) (also known as Dhammika Siriwardena and K.D.T Siriwardena) was a Sri Lankan film director, teledrama producer and a businessman. Dhammika is the founding Chairman of Alankulama Holdings (Pvt) Ltd.
Mount Shark
Mount Shark is a 2,786-metre (9,140-foot) mountain summit located in the Spray Valley of Kananaskis Country at the northern tip of the Spray Mountains range. It is situated on the southern boundary of Banff National Park in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Mount Shark in not visible from any road in Banff Park, however, it can be seen from Alberta Highway 742, also known as the Smith-Dorrien/Spray Trail. Mount Shark's nearest higher peak is Mount Smuts, 3.0 km (1.9 mi) to the southeast.

Like so many of the mountains in Kananaskis Country, Mount Shark received its name from the persons and ships involved in the 1916 Battle of Jutland, the only major sea battle of the First World War.

Kananaskis Country
Kananaskis Country (also known as K-Country) is a multi-use area located west of Calgary in the foothills and front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. Kananaskis Country has also been referred to as a recreation area and a park system.

The area's western edge borders Banff National Park and the Alberta-British Columbia border. The region owes its name to the Kananaskis River, which was named by John Palliser in 1858 after a legendary Cree Native. Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi), Kananaskis Country was established by the Alberta Government in 1978 to provide a variety of land uses and designations. Land uses include resource extraction activities (such as forestry, cattle grazing, water, oil and gas), recreation, power generation, and residential communities. Land designations include public land and protected areas.
Pencran Parish close
The Pencran Parish close (Enclos paroissial) is located at Pencran in the arrondissement of Brest in Brittany in north-western France. The Notre-Dame church, the sacristy, the two calvaries, the ossuary and the surrounding wall are a listed historical monument since 1990. Records show that there has been a religious building in Pencran since the 14th century, and in 1353 there was mention of a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Until the French Revolution the parish of Ploudiry covered an area from Loc-Eguiner to Pencran, but it was in 1801 that Pencran became an independent parish.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Iqbal Singh Chahal
Iqbal Singh Chahal (born 20 January 1966) is a retired 1989 batch IAS officer of Maharashtra cadre. He is the former Municipal Commissioner and Administrator of Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) and is former Additional Chief Secretary in the Maharashtra Chief Minister's office. Prior to this, Chahal has served Government of Maharashtra and India in various capacities. In his initial career he was collector of Thane and Chatrapati Sambhajinagar districts, later on he was Joint Secretary in Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Women & Child Development and Ministry of Panchayati Raj. Following that he was also Principal Secretary in Water Resources Department and Urban Development Department of Maharashtra. Post retirement, he served as Chairman of the Mumbai Police Housing Township Project for a period of five years.

Aurangabad district, Maharashtra
Aurangabad district (Marathi pronunciation: [əu̯ɾəŋɡaːbaːd̪]), officially known as Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar district, is one of the 36 districts of the state of Maharashtra in western India. It borders the districts of Nashik to the west, Jalgaon to the north, Jalna to the east, and Ahmednagar to the south. The city of Aurangabad houses the district's administrative headquarters. The district has an area of 10,100 km2, of which 37.55% is urban and the rest is rural. Aurangabad District is a major tourism region in Marathwada, with attractions including the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves.
Italian submarine Comandante Faà di Bruno
Comandante Faà di Bruno, also referred to by its shortened name Faà di Bruno, was a Marcello-class submarine built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) in the 1930s. It was sunk in 1940 by British and Canadian destroyers escorting a convoy.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Bergamotene
Bergamotenes are a group of isomeric chemical compounds with the molecular formula C15H24.  The bergamotenes are found in a variety of plants, particularly in their essential oils.

There are two structural isomers, α-bergamotene and β-bergamotene, which differ only by the location of a double bond.  Both of these isomers have stereoisomers, the most common of which are known as the cis and trans-isomers (or endo- and exo-isomers).

α-Bergamotene is found in the oils of carrot, bergamot, lime, citron, cottonseed, and kumquat.

Cottonseed
Cottonseed is the seed of the cotton plant, formed inside the cotton boll. Cottonseed is the source of cottonseed oil and cottonseed meal. Cottonseed, like the rest of the cotton plant, contains high amounts of gossypol that can be toxic to humans. Cottonseed has been historically used as an ersatz protein-rich food in cotton-producing regions, but the modern biofortification of cotton cultivars with tolerable gossypol levels has particular relevance to impoverished cotton producers.
Porteño
Porteño (feminine: Porteña, lit. 'port city person' in Spanish) is mainly used to refer to the residents of Buenos Aires, Argentina.  It is also used for other port cities, such as El Puerto de Santa María, Spain; Valparaíso, Chile; Mazatlán, Veracruz, Acapulco and Tampico, Mexico; Puerto Cabello, Venezuela; Puerto Colombia, Colombia; Puerto Suárez in Bolivia; Puerto Cortés, Honduras; Puntarenas, Costa Rica, and Montevideo, Uruguay.

Puerto Cortés
Puerto Cortés, originally known as Puerto de Caballos, is a port city and municipality on the north Caribbean coast of Honduras, right on the Laguna de Alvarado, north of San Pedro Sula and east of Omoa, with a natural bay. The present city was founded in the early colonial period.  It grew rapidly in the twentieth century, thanks to the then railroad, and banana production. In terms of volume of traffic the seaport is the largest in Central America and the 36th largest in the world. The city of Puerto Cortés has a population of 73,150 (2023 calculation).
House at 13 Annis Street
13 Annis Street is a historic mill worker house in Methuen, Massachusetts. Built about 1880, it is a typical small residence built for workers at the nearby Arlington Mills. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, but has lost many of its exterior decorative details since.

Methuen, Massachusetts
Methuen (/məˈθuːən/) is a 23-square-mile (60 km2) city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 53,059 at the 2020 census. Methuen lies along the northwestern edge of Essex County, just east of Middlesex County and just south of Rockingham County, New Hampshire.  The city is bordered by Haverhill to the northeast, North Andover to the southeast, Lawrence and Andover to the south, Dracut (Middlesex County) to the west, Pelham, New Hampshire (Hillsborough County) to the northwest, and Salem, New Hampshire (Rockingham County) to the north.  Methuen is located 17 miles (27 km) southwest from Newburyport, 30 miles (48 km) north-northwest of Boston and 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire. The city is a part of the Merrimack Valley and its ZIP Code is 01844.
Kosmos 2402
Kosmos 2402 (Russian: Космос 2402 meaning Cosmos 2402) is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2003 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2403 and Kosmos 2404.

This satellite is a GLONASS satellite, also known as Uragan, and is numbered Uragan No. 794.

Kosmos 2402 / 2403 / 2404 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 17:42 UTC on 10 December 2003. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the International Designator 2003-056B. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 28113.

It was in the first orbital plane in orbital slot 2. It is no longer part of the GLONASS constellation.

Proton-K
The Proton-K, also designated Proton 8K82K after its GRAU index or SL-12 after its model number, was a Russian, previously Soviet, carrier rocket derived from the earlier Proton. It was built by Khrunichev, and launched from sites 81/23, 81/24, 200/39 and 200/40 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

The maiden flight on 10 March 1967 carried a Soyuz 7K-L1 as part of the Zond program. During the so-called Moon Race these Proton/Soyuz/Zond flights consisted of several uncrewed test flights of Soyuz spacecraft to highly elliptical or circumlunar orbits with the unrealized aim of landing Soviet cosmonauts on the Moon.

It was retired from service in favour of the modernised Proton-M, making its 310th and final launch on 30 March 2012.
The Copenhagen Test
The Copenhagen Test is an American science fiction action spy thriller television series created by Thomas Brandon for Peacock. It stars Simu Liu and Melissa Barrera, with Liu and James Wan also serving as executive producers. The series premiered on December 27, 2025.

Saul Rubinek
Saul Hersh Rubinek is a Canadian actor, director, producer, and playwright.

He is widely known for his television roles, notably Artie Nielsen on Warehouse 13, Donny Douglas on Frasier, Lon Cohen on A Nero Wolfe Mystery, and Louis B. Mayer on The Last Tycoon. He also starred in the films Against All Odds (1984), Wall Street (1987), The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990), Unforgiven (1992), Nixon (1995), True Romance (1993), The Express (2008), Barney's Version (2010), and The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018).

Rubinek is a five-time Genie Award nominee, winning Best Supporting Actor for Ticket to Heaven (1981), and a two-time Gemini Award nominee. His directorial film debut, Jerry and Tom (1998), was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival. He was previously a stage actor and director, working with the Stratford Shakespeare Festival and Theatre Passe Muraille, and co-founding the Canadian Stage Company.