hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexei Borisovich Aleksandrov
Alexei Borisovich Aleksandrov, (Алексей Борисович Александров, born 23 December 1954) is a Russian mathematician, specializing in mathematical analysis.

Aleksandrov received in 1979 his Russian candidate degree (Ph.D.) from the Leningrad State University under Victor Havin with thesis Hardy Classes Hp for p∈(0,1) (Rational Approximation, Backward Shift Operator, Cauchy-Stieltjes Type Integral (title translated from the Russian). In 1984 he received his Russian doctorate (higher doctoral degree) and is now a professor at the Steklov Institute of Mathematics.

His research deals with, among other topics, function theory in the unit ball, Hardy spaces, shift operators, and Hadamard gap series.

In 1982 he received the Salem Prize. In 1986 he was an Invited Speaker at the ICM in Berkeley, California.

Salem Prize
The Salem Prize, in memory of Raphael Salem, is awarded each year to young researchers for outstanding contributions to the field of analysis. It is awarded by the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and was founded by the widow of Raphael Salem in his memory. The prize is considered highly prestigious and many Fields Medalists previously received it. The prize was 5000 French Francs in 1990.
Fort-Mardyck
51°01′52″N 2°18′22″E﻿ / ﻿51.031°N 2.3061°E﻿ / 51.031; 2.3061

Fort-Mardyck (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ maʁdik]; Dutch: Fort-Mardijk; West Flemish: Fort-Mardyk) is a former commune in the Nord department in northern France. It has been part of the commune of Dunkirk since 9 December 2010. In 2022 it had 3,491 inhabitants.

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Cesare Manzella
Cesare Manzella (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtʃeːzare manˈdzɛlla, ˈtʃɛː-]; 18 December 1897 – 26 April 1963) was a boss in the Sicilian Mafia who sat on the first Sicilian Mafia Commission. He was the head of the Mafia family in Cinisi, a small seaside town near the Punta Raisi Airport. As the airport was in their territory it was an invaluable asset for the import and export of contraband, including narcotics. His deputy was Gaetano Badalamenti.

Ciaculli massacre
The Ciaculli massacre on 30 June 1963 was caused by a car bomb that exploded in Ciaculli, an outlying suburb of Palermo, killing seven police and military officers sent to defuse it after an anonymous phone call. The bomb was intended for Salvatore "Ciaschiteddu" Greco, head of the Sicilian Mafia Commission and the boss of the Ciaculli Mafia family. At first, mafia boss Pietro Torretta was considered to be the instigator behind the bomb attack, but it was eventually found to be Michele Cavataio.

The Ciaculli massacre was the culmination of a bloody Mafia war between rival clans in Palermo in the early 1960s—now known as the First Mafia War, a second started in the early 1980s—for the control of the profitable opportunities brought about by rapid urban growth and the illicit heroin trade to North America. The unprecedented ferocity of the struggle reaped 68 victims from 1961 to 1963.
Colinton, Alberta
Colinton is a hamlet in northern Alberta, Canada within Athabasca County. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of Highway 2 on Highway 663, approximately 121 kilometres (75 mi) north of Edmonton.

The Hamlet of Colinton consists of two designated places defined by Statistics Canada – Colinton and McNabb's – as well additional lands south of McNabb's that is not currently located within either designated place.

James Maurice Milne, owner of the land on which the railway station was built, named the hamlet after Colinton, Scotland, his birthplace.  Previously Colinton was known as Kinnoull.

Colinton
Colinton is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland situated 3+1⁄2 miles (5.5 kilometres) southwest of the city centre. Up until the late 18th century it appears on maps as Collington. It is bordered by Dreghorn to the south and Craiglockhart to the north-east. To the north-west it extends to Lanark Road (the A70) and to the south-west to the City Bypass. Bonaly is a subsection of the area on its southern side.

Colinton is a designated conservation area.
Abkhazian Dze
Abkhazian Dze (Ӡ ӡ; italics: Ӡ ӡ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is used in Abkhaz where it represents the voiced alveolar affricate /dz/, pronounced like ⟨ds⟩ in "pods".

It is also used in a 2007 alphabet for the Uilta language, where it represents [d͡ʒ~ɟ] (j as in jam or g as in argue). It was also used in one 1937 proposal (not adopted) for the Karelian language.

The letter looks very similar in shape to Latin Ezh (Ʒ, ʒ), as well as to numeral 3, but in some fonts the uppercase form of the Abkhazian Dze has no descender or has a shortened tail.

This letter is similar to the Cyrillic letter Dze, representing the same sound.

Uilta language
Uilta (Orok: ульта, also called Ulta, Ujlta, or Orok) is a Tungusic language spoken in the Poronaysky and Nogliksky Administrative Divisions of Sakhalin Oblast, in the Russian Federation, by the Uilta people. The northern Uilta who live along the river of Tym’ and around the village of Val have reindeer herding as one of their traditional occupations. The southern Uilta live along the Poronay near the city of Poronaysk. The two dialects come from the northern and eastern groups, however, they have very few differences.
1923–24 Belfast Charity Cup
The 1923–24 Belfast Charity Cup was the 41st edition of the Belfast Charity Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Cliftonville won the tournament for the 10th time, defeating Barn 1–0 in the final.

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Cystotheca
Cystotheca is a genus of plant pathogenic fungi in the family Erysiphaceae (powdery mildews). Members of the genus are found on Calophyllum, Castanea, Castanopsis, Murraya and Quercus species in Asia and North America.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
John Phillips (South African cricketer)
John Glanville Phillips (8 November 1910 – 26 June 1985) was a South African cricketer who played 16 matches of first-class cricket for Border and Transvaal between 1931 and 1938.

John Phillips was an opening batsman and left-arm wrist-spinner. His best batting performance was 100 and 36 for Border against Orange Free State in 1933–34. In the 1934–35 season he took 15 wickets in two matches in East London in just over a week: 7 for 51 and 2 for 87 in a victory over Orange Free State, then 5 for 123 and 1 for 44 in a close loss to Natal. These performances led the cricket writer Louis Duffus to name him as a player "who is sure to be heard of in subsequent seasons". However, Phillips played only two more first-class matches.

Gauteng cricket team
Gauteng (formerly Transvaal) is the first-class cricket team of the southern parts of Gauteng province of South Africa. The team was called Transvaal from April 1890 to April 1997 (the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria being part of the Northerns, formerly Northern Transvaal). Under the main competition's various names – the Currie Cup, then the Castle Cup, now the SuperSport Series – Transvaal/Gauteng cricket team has been the most successful of the South African domestic sides, winning 25 times. The club's most glorious period was the 1980s when they were dubbed the "Mean Machine".

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Gauteng merged with North West (formerly Western Transvaal) to form the Highveld Lions or, more simply, "the Lions" (from October 2004 to 2021).
28th Hong Kong Film Awards
Ceremony for the 28th Hong Kong Film Awards was held on 19 April 2009 in the Hong Kong Cultural Centre and hosted by Eric Tsang, Teresa Mo, Sandra Ng, Vincent Kok, Kay Tse, Denise Ho, Lam Chi Chung, Chin Kar-lok, Louis Fan, Tin Kai Man, Michelle Lo and Wong Cho Lam.

Hong Kong Cultural Centre
The Hong Kong Cultural Centre (HKCC, Chinese: 香港文化中心) is a public multipurpose performance facility in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. Located at Salisbury Road, it was built by the former Urban Council and, since 2000, has been administered by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government. A wide variety of cultural performances are held here.
Mae Timbimboo Parry
Mae Timbimboo Parry (May 15, 1919 – March 20, 2007) was a storyteller for the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation of Utah, activist, and member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. She is known for her recounting of the Bear River Massacre and for her work with the Shoshone Nation and the state of Utah, as well as for lobbying for legislation that would protect the culture and land-rights of Native Americans. For her work, Parry has received multiple awards.

Ensign College
Ensign College is a private college in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Founded in 1886, the college is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and operates under its Church Educational System. It also includes an institute of religion and is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.
Sankayuni
Sankayuni (Aymara sankayu the edible fruit of the thorny Jachakana shrub, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the sankayu fruit", also  spelled Sancayuni) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia, about 4,646 metres (15,243 ft) high. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Murillo Province, La Paz Municipality. Sankayuni lies southeast of Janq'u K'ark'a, west of Ullumani and Chankuni and northeast of Kunturiri.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Kader Asmal
Abdul Kader Asmal  (8 October 1934 – 22 June 2011) was a lawyer in South Africa and Ireland and later a South African politician. He was a Senior Lecturer in Trinity College Dublin and a professor of human rights at the University of the Western Cape, chairman of the council of the University of the North and vice-president of the African Association of International Law. He was married to Louise Parkinson and had two sons.

Asmal was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, received a doctorate Honoris Causa from Queen's University Belfast (1996) and was a laureate of the 2000 Stockholm Water Prize.

University of Limpopo
The University of Limpopo (Afrikaans: Universiteit van Limpopo) is a public university in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. It was formed on 1 January 2005, by merger of the University of the North and the Medical University of South Africa (MEDUNSA). These previous institutions formed the Turfloop and MEDUNSA campuses of the university, respectively. In 2015 the MEDUNSA campus split and became the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University.
Tuscan Committee of National Liberation
The Tuscan Committee of National Liberation (Italian: CTLN or Comitato Toscano di Liberazione Nazionale) was an underground Italian resistance organisation during World War II based in Tuscany, Central Italy. An offshoot of the National Liberation Committee (CLN), it was charged with organising resistance and partisan activities throughout Tuscany. It was opposed to the forces of Nazi Germany as well as Nazi Germany's puppet state local regime, the Italian Social Republic, in Tuscany following the German invasion and military occupation of Italy between September 1943 and April 1945. The CTLN became an umbrella organisation for the five main anti-fascist partisan groups operating within Tuscany.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.
The Science of Desire
The Science of Desire: The Search for the Gay Gene and the Biology of Behavior is a 1994 book by the geneticist Dean Hamer and the journalist Peter Copeland, in which the authors discuss Hamer's research into the genetics of homosexuality.

The book received both positive and mixed reviews. It was praised as a well-written discussion of science that properly acknowledged the limitations of genetic research on homosexuality, usefully explored its ethical implications, and drew on a wide range of sources and publications. However, reviewers were unconvinced by Hamer's suggestions about the possible evolutionary basis of homosexuality, and argued that some of his claims were incorrect, that more work needed to be done to confirm or refute his genetic findings, and that his use of the term "gay gene" was misleading. Hamer's treatment of psychology and psychiatry was also criticized as biased.

National Review
National Review is an American conservative editorial magazine, focusing on news and commentary pieces on political, social, and cultural affairs. The magazine was founded by William F. Buckley Jr. in 1955. National Review's editor-in-chief is Rich Lowry, and its editor is Ramesh Ponnuru.

Since its founding, the magazine has played a significant role in the development of conservatism in the United States, helping to define its boundaries and promoting fusionism while establishing itself as a leading voice on the American right. While National Review is generally supportive of Republican politicians and policy priorities, the magazine has been critical of President Donald Trump since the 2016 presidential election.
Vladislav Lomko
Vladislav "Vlad" Lomko (Russian: Владислав Ломко; born 27 December 2004) is a Russian racing driver who is racing under French and Grenadian licenses. He currently competes in the 24 Hours of Le Mans and European Le Mans Series for Vector Sport.

2026 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 94th 24 Hours of Le Mans (French: 94e 24 Heures du Mans) will be an automobile endurance event, set to be held on 13–14 June 2026 at the Circuit de la Sarthe in Le Mans, France. It will be the 94th running of the 24-hour race organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest. Hyundai's luxury division Genesis will run two cars in the Hypercar class, becoming the first Korean team to compete at the 24-hour race.
American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge
The American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge (1834–1837) was a monthly magazine based in Boston, Massachusetts. It was established by a group of engravers to "give to the public a work descriptive, not merely of subjects, scenes, places, and persons existing in distant climes, but also of those which are to be found in our own fine and native country." It featured profusely illustrated articles on many topics, including American animals, plants, natural scenery, colleges, banks, hospitals, churches, cities, technology, and so on; as well as biographical articles on figureheads of the revolutionary and federal eras. Modelled after the British Penny Magazine, it was published first by the Boston Bewick Company, then by William D. Ticknor and John L. Sibley. In 1836 Nathaniel Hawthorne served as editor.

The Penny Magazine
The Penny Magazine was an illustrated British magazine aimed at the working class, published every Saturday from 31 March 1832 to 31 October 1845. Charles Knight created it for the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge in response to Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, which started two months earlier. Sold for only a penny and illustrated with wood-engravings, it was an expensive enterprise that could survive only with a large circulation. Though initially successful, with a circulation of 200,000 in the first year, it proved too dry and too Whiggish to appeal to its intended working-class audience. The Edinbugh Journal, by contrast, which included a weekly short story, grew more slowly, but lasted longer.
Jonny Lindfors
Major General Dan Jonny Mattias Lindfors (born 25 February 1975) is a Swedish Army officer. Lindfors has served as commander of the King's Guard Battalion in the Life Guards, of Norrbotten Regiment, and as Assistant Chief of Armed Forces Training & Procurement. He assumed the position of Chief of Army on 18 June 2023.

Swedish Army
The Swedish Army (Swedish: Svenska Armén) is the land force of the Swedish Armed Forces of the Kingdom of Sweden. Beginning with its service in 1521, the Swedish Army has been active for more than 500 years.
Priscus of Nocera
Priscus of Nocera (Nuceria Alfaterna, 3rd century – Nuceria Alfaterna, 3rd century) was the first bishop of Nocera, patron saint of the city of Nocera Inferiore and of the diocese of Nocera Inferiore-Sarno.

In the liturgical year its religious anniversary is 9 May, celebrated in Nocera Inferiore great celebrations, being his birthday a city holiday.

Anniversary
An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded.

Most countries celebrate national anniversaries, typically called national days. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government. There is no definite method for determining the date of establishment of an institution, and it is generally decided within the institution by convention. The important dates in a sitting monarch's reign may also be commemorated, an event often referred to as a "jubilee".
Epson ActionNote
The ActionNote was a series of notebook-sized laptops developed by Epson America in 1993. The series was Epson's answer to the small businesses and home office market for laptops and initially ran alongside their corporate-oriented NB series of laptops. The series was segmented into premium and low-cost offerings and included a subnotebook, the ActionNote 4000. The bulk of the laptops' manufacturing was performed by ASE Technologies of Taiwan, with the exception of the 650 and 660 series, which were produced by Compal, and the short-lived initial entries into the 700 series, which were produced by Jabil Circuit. The ActionNote received mixed, mostly positive, reception in its lifespan before Epson America silently left the international personal computer market in 1996.

Cyrix Cx486SLC
The Cyrix Cx486SLC is a x86 microprocessor that was developed by Cyrix. It was one of Cyrix's first CPU offerings, released after years of selling math coprocessors that competed with Intel's units and offered better performance at a comparable or lower price. It was announced in March of 1992, and released 2 months later in May, with a price of $119. It was priced competitively against the Intel 486SX, causing Intel to lower the price of their chip from $286 to $119 in just days.
Elberton, Washington
Elberton is an unincorporated community on the north fork of the Palouse River northeast of Colfax and northwest of Palouse in Whitman County, Washington, United States. Due to the town's disincorporation in the 1960s, and a low-level population, it is also classified as a ghost town.

Palouse River
The Palouse River is a tributary of the Snake River in Washington and Idaho, in the northwest United States. It flows for 167 miles (269 km) southwestwards, primarily through the Palouse region of southeastern Washington. It is part of the Columbia River Basin, as the Snake River is a tributary of the Columbia River.

Its canyon was carved out by a fork in the catastrophic Missoula Floods of the previous ice age, which spilled over the northern Columbia Plateau and flowed into the Snake River, eroding the river's present course in a few thousand years.
Gedalyahu Fuchs
Gedalyahu  Fuchs  (Hebrew: גדליהו פוקס; born 11 March 1911 – 1 January 1966) was a Romanian-Jewish footballer and manager. He was the first captain of the Mandatory Palestine national football team, the forerunner of the Israel national football team.

Israel national football team
The Israel national football team (Hebrew: נבחרת ישראל בכדורגל, romanized: Nivḥeret Yīsrāʾēl BeḴaduregel) represents Israel in men's international football, and is governed by the Israel Football Association. They have been members of the European Confederation UEFA since 1994.

Israel qualified for the FIFA World Cup for the first and to date, only time, in 1970. They also won the 1964 AFC Asian Cup, before a forced relocation to UEFA.
Henry McLean House
Henry McLean House is a historic home located at Fayetteville, Cumberland County, North Carolina. The original section was built about 1840, and is a two-story, side-hall plan, vernacular Greek Revival style frame dwelling.  A Victorian style two-story, four room wing was added between about 1875 and 1880. Additional rooms were added in the early-20th century.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Cumberland County, North Carolina
Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 334,728, making it the fifth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Fayetteville. Cumberland County is part of the Fayetteville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Abanga River
The Abanga River is a river of Gabon.  It is one of the right tributaries of the Ogooué. It rises in the Cristal Mountains, near Medouneu. It is about 160 km long. It joins the Ogooué river near the town of Bifoun.

Médouneu
Médouneu  is a small town in northern Gabon. It is the capital of the Haut-Ntem Department in Woleu-Ntem province. As of 2009 it had an estimated population of 2,445.

The town is served by Médouneu Airport.

Although Médouneu lies entirely outside the de-jure boundaries of Gabon and inside the ones of Equatorial Guinea, the latter does not claim sovereignty over it in order to avoid a similar conflict around Ebibeyin, the third most populous city in Equatorial Guinea after Bata and Malabo, but which has a large part of its territory within the de-jure boundaries of Gabon.