hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Internet Exchange Point Of Nigeria
The Internet Exchange Point Of Nigeria (IXPN) is a neutral and not-for-profit Internet exchange point (IXP) founded in 2006 by the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) in partnership with the Internet Service Providers Association Of Nigeria (ISPAN). Among other things, IXPN was created to reduce connectivity costs in millions of dollars in offshore internet bandwidth payments, reduce latency from 900 milliseconds to 30 milliseconds for local content, serve as the central point for connecting Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) towards the development of National Research and Educational Network (NREN). As at April 2022, IXPN is the 5th largest IXP in Africa by number of peers, and 3rd in Africa by traffic according to Packet Clearing House’s IXP directory

Packet Clearing House
Packet Clearing House (PCH) is the international organization responsible for providing operational support and security to critical Internet infrastructure, including Internet exchange points and the core of the Domain Name System. The organization also works in the areas of cybersecurity coordination, regulatory policy and Internet governance.
Mark Rey
Mark Rey is an American former timber industry lobbyist and administrator, who served as Undersecretary for natural resources and agriculture in the federal government of the United States in the Bush administration.  He was sworn in as the undersecretary for natural resources and environment by the Agriculture Secretary, Ann M. Veneman on 2 October 2001. His responsibility was to monitor the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service and Natural Resource Conservation Service.

Ann Veneman
Ann Margaret Veneman (born June 29, 1949) is an American attorney who served as the fifth executive director of UNICEF from 2005 to 2010. She previously served as the 27th United States secretary of agriculture from 2001 to 2005. Veneman served for the first term of President George W. Bush, and she left to take the UNICEF position. Appointed by the U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan on January 18, 2005, she took over the post on May 1, 2005, serving until 2010. Previously, she also served as secretary of the California Department of Food and Agriculture, serving from 1995 to 1999, as well as United States deputy secretary of agriculture, serving from 1991 to 1993. Veneman was the first woman to serve as Secretary of Agriculture and the second woman to lead UNICEF, following her predecessor, Carol Bellamy.
Anja Weisgerber
Anja Weisgerber (born 11 March 1976) is a German lawyer and politician. She currently is a member of the German Bundestag representing Schweinfurt for the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), part of the European People's Party (EPP). She previously served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Bavaria. In addition to her political work, she serves as of counsel at the Frankfurt office of German law firm GSK Stockmann & Kollegen.

Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken, pronounced [ˈʊntɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
Ta Kao
Ta Kao (Thai: ตาเกา) is a capital tambon (subdistrict) of Nam Khun district, in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. It previously was a tambon in Nam Yuen district but gained district status in 1996.

As of the 2021 consensus, it had a population of 10,056 people and 3,867 households in 14 villages (Muban;  บ้าน or หมู่บ้าน), which were further subdivided into 15 administrative community groups (Moo or Mu; หมู่). Neighbouring subdistricts are (clockwise from the south) Song, Khok Sa-at, Phaibun, Khilek, Yang, and Kao Kham.

Muban
Muban (Thai: หมู่บ้าน; RTGS: mu ban, pronounced [mùː bâːn]) is the lowest administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). As of 2008, there were 74,944 administrative mubans in Thailand. As of the 1990 census, the average village consisted of 144 households or 746 persons. The average land area of villages in Thailand is very small, its average area is about 6.84 km2 (2.64 sq mi), and its average population is also very small, at only 932 people.
Alsóregmec
Alsóregmec (Slovak: Nižný Redmec) is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary.

Few Jews lived in the village and there is still a Jewish cemetery there. Many of them were murdered in the Holocaust.

Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County
Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén (Hungarian: Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén vármegye, pronounced [ˈborʃod ˈɒbɒuːj ˈzɛmpleːn]; Slovak: Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia (Košice Region). It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Nógrád, Heves, Hajdú–Bihar and Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg. The capital of Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén county is Miskolc. Of the seven statistical regions of Hungary it belongs to the region Northern Hungary.

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén is the second largest county of Hungary both by area (after Bács–Kiskun) and by population (after Pest County). It is the only Hungarian county with two UNESCO World Heritage Sites (the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst and the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape).
Maccabi Gedera F.C.
Maccabi Gedera F.C. (Hebrew: מכבי גדרה) was a football club from Gedera, Israel. The club was active from the 1930s to the 1960s, playing two seasons in the second division prior to the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the club was promoted to Liga Bet, then the third division, at the end of 1958–59 season, as Liga Bet was expanded to include 64 clubs. The club played two seasons in the third tier, relegating at the end of the 1960–61 season.

1960–61 Liga Bet
The 1960–61 Liga Bet season saw Hapoel HaMechonit,  Beitar Netanya, Maccabi Ramla and SK Nes Tziona win their regional divisions, and qualify for promotion play-offs. Beitar Netanya and Maccabi Ramla won the promotion play-offs and promoted to Liga Alef.
Sarah Mortensen
Sarah Sofie Mortensen (born 9 May 1997) is a Danish professional basketball player for AO Amyntas of the Greek Women's Basketball League. She is also contracted with the East Perth Eagles of the NBL1 West. She played college basketball for the University of Miami and Villanova University. Mortensen is a member of the Danish national team.

Villanova University
Villanova University is a private Catholic research university in Villanova, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded by the Order of Saint Augustine in 1842 and named after Saint Thomas of Villanova. The university is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania and one of two Augustinian institutions of higher learning in the United States (the other being Merrimack College).

The university traces its roots to the old Saint Augustine's Church, Philadelphia, which the Augustinian friars of the Province of Saint Thomas of Villanova founded in 1796, and to its parish school, Saint Augustine's Academy, which was established in 1811. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Laurie Townshend
Laurie Townshend is a Canadian filmmaker, whose feature documentary debut A Mother Apart was released in 2024.

Townshend began her career as a middle school drama teacher at Sir Ernest MacMillan Senior Public School in Toronto, Ontario, where her students included Shamier Anderson and Stephan James. In 2013, she released the short drama film The Railpath Hero, and subsequently directed an episode of the 2016 documentary web series The Akua Benjamin Legacy Project.

A Mother Apart premiered at the 2024 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival. It subsequently screened at the 2024 Inside Out Film and Video Festival, where it won the juried awards for Best Canadian Film and Best First Feature Film, and the audience award for Best Documentary Film. It subsequently won the DGC Allan King Award for Best Documentary Film at the 2025 Directors Guild of Canada awards.

Inside Out Film and Video Festival
The Inside Out Film and Video Festival (formerly, Inside Out Lesbian and Gay Film and Video Festival), also known as the Inside Out LGBT or LGBTQ Film Festival, is an annual Canadian film festival, which presents a program of LGBT-related film. The festival is staged in both Toronto and Ottawa. Founded in 1991, the festival is now the largest of its kind in Canada. Deadline dubbed it "Canada’s foremost LGBTQ film festival."

The organization also presents a series of film screenings throughout the year outside of the dedicated festival, as well as a touring program of short film screenings in smaller towns and cities within Southern Ontario.

The festival's current executive director is Carly Beath, who joined the festival in January 2026. Prior heads of the event included Lauren Howes and Andria Wilson.
Shooting at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's skeet
The women's skeet shooting competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on August 19 at the Markópoulo Olympic Shooting Centre near Athens, Greece.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 3 sets of 25 shots in the set order of skeet shooting.

The top 6 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired one additional round of 25. The total score from all 100 shots was used to determine the final ranking. Ties are broken using a shoot-off; additional shots are fired one at a time until there is no longer a tie.

Hungarian shooter and 2000 Olympic bronze medalist Diána Igaly set a perfect 25 to claim the gold medal in the final, finishing with a total score of 97. China's Wei Ning had shared a total score of 93 birds with defending Olympic champion Zemfira Meftahatdinova of Azerbaijan, until she chased her rival in a 2 to 1 shoot-off to grab the silver, leaving Meftahatdinova with a bronze.

Diána Igaly
Diána Igaly (31 January 1965 – 8 April 2021) was a Hungarian sport shooter who won two Olympic medals in skeet.
She was born in Budapest, where she later died from COVID-19, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary.
1955 Big Ten Conference Men's Golf Championship
The 1955 Big Ten Conference Men's Golf Championship was held on May 27–28, 1955 at the Purdue Golf Course (South) in Lafayette, Indiana. The team champion was Purdue with a score of 1,141 and the individual champion was Roger Rubendall of Wisconsin who shot a 216.

Lafayette, Indiana
Lafayette (/ˌlɑːfiˈɛt, ˌlæf-/ LA(H)F-ee-ET) is a city in and the county seat of Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States. The population was 70,783 at the 2020 census. It sits across the Wabash River from West Lafayette, home to Purdue University, which plays a major role in both communities. Together, Lafayette and West Lafayette make up the core of the Lafayette metropolitan area, home to 235,066 people in 2020.

Lafayette was founded in 1825 on the southeast bank of the Wabash River near where the river becomes impassable for riverboats upstream, though a French fort and trading post had existed since 1717 on the opposite bank and three miles downstream. It was named for the French general Marquis de Lafayette, a Revolutionary War hero. Lafayette is 63 miles (101 km) northwest of Indianapolis and 125 miles (201 km) southeast of Chicago.
Oldershaw
Oldershaw is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bert Oldershaw (1921–2006), Canadian sprint canoeist and sprint kayaker

Cally Oldershaw, gemologist and science educator

Dean Oldershaw (born 1946), Canadian sprint canoeist and kayaker

Doug Oldershaw (1915–1995), professional American football guard in the National Football League

Jen Oldershaw, presenter on Triple J, lecturer at the Australian Film Television and Radio School

John Oldershaw (died 1847), British clergyman

Mark Oldershaw (born 1983), Canadian sprint canoeist

Reed Oldershaw (born 1951), Canadian sprint kayaker

Scott Oldershaw (born 1954), Canadian sprint kayaker

Bert Oldershaw
Herbert "Bert" Oldershaw (November 10, 1921 in Toronto – March 28, 2006 in Burlington, Ontario) was a Canadian sprint canoeist and sprint kayaker who competed from the late 1940s to the late 1950s.Bert was a founding member of the Toronto Island Canoe Club. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he earned his best finish of fifth in the C-2 10000 m event at London in 1948. Bert's partner was Bill Stevenson.

Oldershaw was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 2004 in both athlete and builder categories.

He is a father of Dean Oldershaw, Reed Oldershaw and Scott Oldershaw and grandfather of Mark Oldershaw, all of whom competed for Canada in the Olympics. Mark Oldershaw won a bronze medal for Canada at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, 64 years after his grandfather Bert competed there.
Botswana national under-20 football team
The Botswana national under-20 football team, nicknamed the Zebras, represents Botswana in international youth football competitions. Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior national team. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-20 World Cup and the U-20 Africa Cup of Nations, which is the top competitions for this age group.

U-20 Africa Cup of Nations
The U-20 Africa Cup of Nations, known for short as the U-20 AFCON and for sponsorship purposes as TotalEnergies U-20 Africa Cup of Nations, previously known as the African Youth Championship and the African U-20 Championship, is the biennial international youth football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) for its nations consisting of players under the age of 20. It serves as the African qualification tournament for the FIFA U-20 World Cup.
2006 Movistar Open – Doubles
David Ferrer and Santiago Ventura were the defending champions, but Ferrer did not participate this year.  Ventura partnered with Flávio Saretta, losing in the first round.

José Acasuso and Sebastián Prieto won the title, defeating František Čermák and Leoš Friedl 7–6(7–2), 6–4 in the final.

José Acasuso
José Javier "Chucho" Acasuso (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse xaˈβjeɾ ˈtʃutʃo akaˈsuso]; born 20 October 1982) is a tennis coach and a former professional player from Argentina. Like many of his fellow countrymen, he favoured clay. He was known for his strong serve and his hard groundstrokes off both sides.

He won three ATP Tour singles titles. In doubles, Acasuso together with Sebastián Prieto, won four titles: in 2005 in Stuttgart and also in Bucharest, and in 2006 and 2008 in Viña Del Mar. He also won a doubles title partnering Flávio Saretta at the Croatia Open Umag in 2004.
2003 European 10,000m Challenge
The 2003 European 10,000m Cup was the 7th edition of the annual 10,000 metres competition between European athletes, which was held at Agios Kosmas Stadium in Athens, Greece on 12 April. A total of 66 athletes (36 men and 30 women) from 17 European nations entered the competition, plus three Kenyan pacemakers running as guests.

Portugal won both the men's and women's team events with combined times of 1:24:43.85 and 1:36:27.97 hours, led by men's individual runner-up Eduardo Henriques and women's individual winner Fernanda Ribeiro. Ismaïl Sghyr of France won the men's individual race in 27:45.14 minutes.

Ismaïl Sghyr
Ismaïl Sghyr (Arabic: اسماعيل صغير; born March 16, 1972, in Taroudannt) is a French-Moroccan long-distance runner. He won a bronze medal at the over 3000 metres at the 1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships. In 5000 metres he finished fourth at the World Championships the same year, as well as winning a bronze medal at the 2002 European Championships. Over 10,000 metres he won at the 1997 Mediterranean Games.

Sghyr formerly represented Morocco, but as many other Moroccan runners he switched nationality to France.
Alonso (footballer)
Alonso Ferreira de Matos (born 11 August 1980 in Montes Claros), simply known as Alonso is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a left back for Villa Nova Atlético Clube.

He signed with Marítimo for the Portuguese outfit from rivals C.D. Nacional in 2009 and marked his debut with a goal from the penalty-spot in a 1–1 against Benfica.

Alonso previously played for Cruzeiro, Fluminense, Criciúma and Paysandu in the Campeonato Brasileiro. He moved to Portugal in July 2004, where he spent five seasons with C.D. Nacional.

Paysandu Sport Club
Paysandu Sport Club, commonly referred to as Paysandu, is a Brazilian professional club based in Belém, Pará, founded on 2 February 1914. It competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, the third tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Paraense, the top flight of the Pará state football league.
Kanikanum Neram
Kanikanum Neram is a 1987 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Rajasenan and produced by Augustine Prakash. The film stars Sunitha, Nedumudi Venu, Ratheesh and Saritha. The film has musical score by S. P. Venkatesh and songs composed by  A. T. Ummer.

Rajasenan
Rajasenan (born 20 August 1958) is an Indian film director who has worked in Malayalam cinema. He is one of the most successful directors in 90s Malayalam film industry. Rajasenan also worked in the TV serial industry. He directed some serials and also acted in some. He is mostly remembered for his association with actor Jayaram and the popular duo has worked together in 16 movies.
Hella Hoes
"Hella Hoes" is a song by American rappers ASAP Rocky, ASAP Ferg, ASAP Nast and ASAP Twelvyy from the New York–based hip hop collective ASAP Mob. It was released as a single on June 6, 2014. The official remix features additional verses by fellow American rappers Danny Brown and Aston Mathews. Brown was supposed to be on the original version but was cut, causing him and the ASAP Mob to have a falling-out.

ASAP Mob
ASAP Mob (stylized as A$AP Mob) is an American hip-hop collective formed in 2006 in Harlem, New York City, that consists of rappers (most of whom carry the "ASAP" moniker, except Dash and Playboi Carti), record producers, music video directors, and fashion designers.

In August 2012, the collective released the mixtape Lords Never Worry. They released the single "Trillmatic" in December 2013, followed by their debut studio album, Cozy Tapes Vol. 1: Friends, in October 2016 and second studio album Cozy Tapes Vol. 2: Too Cozy in August 2017.
Socialism in Italy
Socialism in Italy is a political movement that developed during the Industrial Revolution over a course of 120 years, which came to a head during the Revolutions of 1848. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were a growing number of social changes. The outbreak of the First World War accelerated economic differentiation causing a wider wealth gap. This is seen as one of the key factors that triggered the emergence of Italian socialism.

The socialist movement has played a significant role in shaping Italy's identity. The Italian Socialist Party (PSI) was one of the first modern democratic organizations in Italy. As a main political party in twentieth-century Italy, the PSI not only significantly influenced Italy's development, but also contributed to the democratic process on a national scale.

Product differentiation
In economics, strategic management and marketing, product differentiation (or simply "differentiation") is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors' products as well as from a firm's other products. The concept was proposed by Edward Chamberlin in his 1933 book, The Theory of Monopolistic Competition.

There are three types of product differentiation:

Horizontal differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which is subjectively evaluated by consumers

Vertical differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which can be objectively evaluated by consumers

Mixed differentiation: A combination of horizontal and vertical differentiation factors.
Pig's organ soup
Pig's organ soup (simplified Chinese: 猪杂汤; traditional Chinese: 豬雜湯; pinyin: zhū zá tāng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti-cha̍p-thng, tu-cha̍p-thng) or chheng-thng (清湯), is a Malaysian and Singaporean soup that is made from pork offal. The dish is a clear soup, served with other optional side dishes as well as rice.

Mainly popular in Malaysia and Singapore, an Indonesian variation of the dish, called "song sui", which originated from the Bangka Island and is popular among Chinese Indonesians in the island.

Bangka Island
Bangka is an island lying east of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is administered under the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands, being one of its namesakes alongside the smaller island of Belitung across the Gaspar Strait. The 9th largest island in Indonesia, it had a population of 1,146,581 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,191,300. It is the location of the provincial capital of Pangkal Pinang, and is administratively divided into four regencies and a city. The island itself and the surrounding sea suffers considerable environmental damage from its thriving tin mining industry which operates on- and offshore.
Johnny Reed
John Reed is an American former Negro league outfielder who played in the 1930s.

Reed played for the St. Louis Stars and the Indianapolis Athletics in 1937, then went on to play two seasons with the Chicago American Giants. In 21 recorded career games, he posted 14 hits and seven RBI in 61 plate appearances.

Indianapolis Athletics
The Indianapolis Athletics were a Negro league baseball team in the Negro American League, based in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1937. Ted Strong was their player-manager. After their only season in 1937, they were replaced by the Indianapolis ABCs.
Nikos Chryssos
Nikos Chryssos (Greek: Νίκος Χρυσός; born 1972) is a Greek writer. He was born in Athens and studied biology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He also studied film direction. His books include The Secret of the Last Page (Το μυστικό της τελευταίας σελίδας, Kastaniotis Editions 2009) and New Day (Καινούργια μέρα, Kastaniotis Editions 2018). New Day won the EU Prize for Literature in 2019.

Chryssos has edited works by the Greek writer Lefteris Alexiou. He lives in Athens where he runs a used bookshop.

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA; Greek: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ethnikó kai Kapodistriakó Panepistímio Athinón), simply referred to as the University of Athens (UoA), is a public university in Athens, Greece, with various campuses along the Athens agglomeration.

It has been in continuous operation since its establishment in 1837 and is the oldest higher education institution of the modern Greek state and the first contemporary university in both the Balkan Peninsula and the Eastern Mediterranean. Today it is one of the largest universities by enrollment in Europe, with over 69,000 registered students.
Life & Style
Life & Style is an American syndicated talk show that was geared toward young adult females. It was produced and distributed by Sony Pictures Television as well as regarded as the successor to Ricki Lake and lasted only one season, from September 13, 2004, to March 25, 2005, with repeats until September 9, 2005, and was replaced by The Tyra Banks Show the following Monday.

Ricki Lake
Ricki Pamela Lake (born September 21, 1968) is an American television host and actress. She is known for her lead role as Tracy Turnblad in the 1988 film Hairspray, for which she received a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. She is also known for her talk show, Ricki Lake, which was broadcast internationally from September 1993 until May 2004. When the show debuted, Lake was 24 and credited as being the youngest person to host a syndicated talk show at the time. In late 2012, Lake began hosting a second syndicated talk show, The Ricki Lake Show. The series was canceled in 2013 after a single season, but Lake won her first Daytime Emmy Award for the project.