hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noncentral chi-squared distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the noncentral chi-squared distribution (or noncentral chi-square distribution, noncentral  distribution) is a noncentral generalization of the chi-squared distribution.  It often arises in the power analysis of statistical tests in which the null distribution is (perhaps asymptotically) a chi-squared distribution; important examples of such tests are the likelihood-ratio tests.

Power (statistics)
In frequentist statistics, power is the probability of detecting an effect (i.e. rejecting the null hypothesis) given that some prespecified effect actually exists using a given test in a given context. In typical use, it is a function of the specific test that is used (including the choice of test statistic and significance level), the sample size (more data tends to provide more power), and the effect size (effects or correlations that are large relative to the variability of the data tend to provide more power).

More formally, in the case of a simple hypothesis test with two hypotheses, the power of the test is the probability that the test correctly rejects the null hypothesis () when the alternative hypothesis () is true. It is commonly denoted by , where  is the probability of making a type II error (a false negative) conditional on there being a true effect or association.
Walnut Grove (Union, West Virginia)
"Walnut Grove", also known as the Andrew Beirne House, is a historic home located near Union, Monroe County, West Virginia.  It is a T-shaped dwelling that integrates four separate structures.  The oldest date to the 1780s and incorporates two, two-story log buildings. Attached to them is a formerly detached log kitchen. A two-story, Greek Revival-style brick addition was built after 1825. The entrance is in this section and features a one-story porch supported by square columns.  Also on the property are a two-room frame office building, brick smokehouse, and stone springhouse.  It was home to U.S. Congressman Andrew Beirne (1771–1845).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. It is located in the Union Historic District, listed in 1990.

Monroe County, West Virginia
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,376. Its county seat is Union.

Monroe County was the home of Andrew Summers Rowan, a soldier in the Spanish–American War commemorated in Elbert Hubbard's essay "A Message to Garcia."

In 1928 the Jones Diamond was found lying on the ground here by two men pitching horseshoes. It is the largest alluvial diamond ever found in North America.
Yaese, Okinawa
Yaese (八重瀬町, Yaese-chō; Okinawan: Eeji) is a town located in Shimajiri District, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.

Yaese was formed on January 1, 2006 by a merger between the town of Kochinda and the village of Gushikami.

As of April 30, 2024, Yaese has a population of 32,976, with a population density of 1,200 persons per km2. The total area of the town of Yaese is 26.96 square kilometres (10.41 mi2).

Yaese Town is host to the Tomori Shīsā, considered the oldest stone shīsā conserved. It is designated as a Cultural Property by Okinawa Prefecture.

Cultural property
Cultural property, also known as cultural patrimony, comprises the physical items that are part of the cultural heritage of a group or society, as opposed to less tangible cultural expressions. They include such items as cultural landscapes, historic buildings, works of art, archaeological sites, as well as collections of libraries, archives, and museums.

Cultural property is legally protected by a number of international agreements and national laws. There is intensive cooperation between the United Nations, UNESCO and Blue Shield International on the protection of cultural goods.
Kipp's apparatus
Kipp's apparatus, also called a Kipp generator, is an apparatus designed for preparation of small volumes of gases. It was invented around 1844 by the Dutch pharmacist Petrus Jacobus Kipp and widely used in chemical laboratories and for demonstrations in schools into the second half of the 20th century.

It later fell out of use, at least in laboratories, because most gases then became available in small gas cylinders. These industrial gases are much purer and drier than those initially obtained from a Kipp apparatus without further processing.

Gas cylinder
A gas cylinder is a pressure vessel for storage and containment of gases at above atmospheric pressure. Gas storage cylinders may also be called bottles. Inside the cylinder the stored contents may be in a state of compressed gas, vapor over liquid, supercritical fluid, or dissolved in a substrate material, depending on the physical characteristics of the contents. A typical gas cylinder design is elongated, standing upright on a flattened or dished bottom end or foot ring, with the cylinder valve screwed into the internal neck thread at the top for connecting to the filling or receiving apparatus.
Hatfield, South Yorkshire
Hatfield is a town and civil parish in the City of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England.  It had a population of 17,236 at the 2011 Census. The town is located on the A18 road between Doncaster and Scunthorpe, and to the west of the M18 motorway. It shares a railway station with Stainforth on the line between Goole and Scunthorpe, and Doncaster. Recorded history in the parish extends as far back as 730, when Bede wrote about the Northumbrian King, Edwin, being killed in battle in the area.

Goole
Goole is a port town and civil parish on the River Ouse in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The town's historic county is the West Riding of Yorkshire.

At the 2021 UK census, Goole parish had a population of 20,475. It is 16 miles (26 km) north-east of Doncaster, 19 miles (31 km) south of York and 29 miles (47 km) west of Hull.

The town has the United Kingdom's furthest inland port, being about 50 miles (80 km) from the North Sea. It is capable of handling nearly 2 million tonnes of cargo per year, making it one of the most important ports on England's east coast.

Goole is twinned with Złotów in Poland. Goole was informally twinned with Gibraltar in the 1960s; at that time, Gibraltar Court was named in Goole and Goole Court was named in Gibraltar.
Sion L. Perry
Sion Luther Perry (c. 1793 – August 1874) was a justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama from 1828 to 1832.

Perry was appointed to the court from Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

He fought at the Battle of Emuckfaw, in what would later become Tallapoosa County, Alabama, near the end of the War of 1812, and settled in Madison in 1815, and Tuscaloosa three years later. Perry was reported to have been "the first attorney that located within the corporate limits of Tuscaloosa city".

He served as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives in 1821, and was a circuit judge from 1828 to 1833, having been elected to a newly established seventh circuit in 1828, which automatically placed him on the state supreme court. He served on the court from January 9, 1828 to January 14, 1832, and was thereafter a circuit court judge until 1834.

Perry died in Tuskaloosa at the age of 82.

Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek
The battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek (or Enotachopco Creek) were part of Andrew Jackson's campaign in the Creek War. They took place in January 1814, approximately 20–50 mi (32–80 km) northeast of Horseshoe Bend.
Santa Cruz de Cocachacra District
Santa Cruz de Cocachacra District is one of thirty-two districts of the Huarochirí Province, located in the Department of Lima in Peru. The district was created by the Law No. 13261 in October 29, 1959, during the second presidency of Manuel Prado Ugarteche.

Districts of Peru
The districts of Peru (Spanish: distritos) are the third-level country subdivisions of Peru. They are subdivisions of the provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the larger regions or departments. There are 1,838 districts in total.
2017 Clermont-Ferrand Sevens
The 2017 Clermont-Ferrand Sevens is the penultimate tournament of the 2017 Rugby Europe Grand Prix Series, hosted by Stade Gabriel Montpied at Clermont-Ferrand. It was held over the weekend of 1–2 July 2017. Ireland won the tournament, defeating Russia 17-14 in the final. With the tournament's conclusion, the two countries, as well as Spain, remain in the mix for qualification at the 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens.

2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens
The 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens was the seventh edition of the Rugby World Cup Sevens. Organized by World Rugby, it was held at AT&T Park, now known as Oracle Park, in San Francisco, United States. A total of 84 matches were played over three days from July 20–22, 2018. The men's tournament had 24 teams and the women's tournament 16, with both tournaments being played for the first time in a knock-out only format. 
New Zealand won the championship for both events — defeating England in the men's final and France in the women's final.
Macareus (son of Aeolus)
Macareus (/məˈkæriəs, -ˈkɑːrjuːs/; Ancient Greek: Μακαρεύς Makareus 'happy') or Macar (/ˈmeɪkər/; Ancient Greek: Μάκαρ Makar) was, in Greek mythology, the son of Aeolus, though sources disagree as to which bearer of this name was his father: it could either be Aeolus the lord of the winds, or Aeolus the king of Tyrrhenia. His mother was, at least in the latter case, Amphithea.

Aeolus (son of Poseidon)
In Greek mythology, Aeolus (/ˈiːələs/; Ancient Greek: Αἴολος, romanized: Aíolos [ǎi̯.olos]; Modern Greek: Αίολος [ˈe.olos] ⓘ; lit. 'quick-moving, nimble') was a son of Poseidon by Arne, daughter of Aeolus (son of Hellen). He had a twin brother named Boeotus.
Pandora Clifford
Pandora Clifford (born 13 December 1972) is an English actress who has appeared in various roles on stage and screen including Agatha Christie's Poirot, Wallander,  Taggart and New Tricks

Born in 1972 in London, brought up near Edinburgh, she read classics at Bristol University before training at LAMDA. She wrote for the Art Sales Page of The Daily Telegraph. She is the daughter of Sir Timothy Clifford, former Director of the National Galleries of Scotland and Jane Clifford (née Paterson), previously the Principal Designer for Laura Ashley and Zoffany.

Timothy Clifford
Sir Timothy Peter Plint Clifford (born 26 January 1946) is a British art historian.  Clifford was the director of the National Galleries of Scotland from 1984 to 2006.  He was known for his innovative methods for hanging and displaying art, and for his ability to leverage limited acquisition funds to purchase important works of art.
Geoffrey Marks (cricketer)
Geoffrey Marks (15 November 1864 – 25 August 1938) was an English first-class cricketer active 1894–1900 who played for Middlesex. He was born in Thornton Heath, Surrey; died in Newnham, Hampshire. His brother Oliver was also a first-class cricketer.

Newnham, Hampshire
Newnham is a village and parish in Hampshire, England. It is centred 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Basingstoke, and 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Hook. At the 2011 census it had a population of 518. A large portion of its land is arable, cultivated fields and scattered woodland leading towards the Basingstoke Canal and part of the Eversley/Stratfield Saye/Tylney Park slightly scattered, ancient forest/woodland. These features skirt the north and south of the area, whereas more urban areas skirt the east and, after Old Basing, the west.
Maiden Gully YCW Football Netball Club
The Maiden Gully YCW Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Eagles, is an Australian rules football and netball club and located in Maiden Gully, a suburb of the regional city of Bendigo in central Victoria, Australia, located approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of the central business district along Calder Highway, and is affiliated with the Loddon Valley Football Netball.

Calder Highway
Calder Highway is a rural highway in Australia, linking Mildura and the Victoria/New South Wales border to Bendigo, in North Central Victoria. South of Bendigo, where the former highway has been upgraded to freeway-standard, Calder Freeway links to Melbourne, subsuming former alignments of Calder Highway; the Victorian Government completed the conversion to freeway standard from Melbourne to Bendigo on 20 April 2009.

Calder Alternate Highway connects to Calder Highway at either end – just north of Ravenswood, and at Marong – and provides a bypass west of Bendigo.
Hickory Rock, North Carolina
36°07′28″N 78°12′36″W﻿ / ﻿36.12444°N 78.21000°W﻿ / 36.12444; -78.21000
Hickory Rock is an unincorporated community in east central Franklin County, North Carolina, United States. It is located at the intersection of Hickory Rock Road (SR 1421) and Ronald Tharrington Road (SR 1419), east-northeast of Louisburg, at an elevation of 394 feet (120 m).

Louisburg, North Carolina
Louisburg is a town in and the county seat of Franklin County, North Carolina,  United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 3,064. The town is located approximately 29 miles northeast of the state capital, Raleigh, and located about 31 miles south of the Virginia border. It is also the home of Louisburg College, the oldest two-year coeducational college in the United States.
Johanna (film)
Johanna is a 2005 Hungarian  musical drama film directed and co-written by Kornél Mundruczó and produced by Béla Tarr. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival. The plot of the film is a retelling of story of Joan of Arc set in a hospital. The musical character of the film is operatic, with the characters speaking entirely in song, with two main characters being dubbed by singers.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Ford Essex V6 engine
Ford Motor Company has produced two different V6 piston engines which have been commonly referred to as Essex:

Ford Essex V6 engine (UK), A 60° V6, 2.5, 3.0, or 3.1 L

Ford Essex V6 engine (Canadian), A 90° V6, 3.8-4.2 L

Ford Essex V6 engine (UK)
The Ford Essex V6 engine is a 60° V6 engine built between 1966 and 1988 by the Ford Motor Company in the United Kingdom in the Ford engine plant of Dagenham, Essex, which gave the engine its name (some were built until 2000 in South Africa). It is closely related to the Ford Essex V4 engine produced in displacements of 1.7 L and 2.0 L. Both engines share many parts since the Essex V6 was directly derived from the Essex V4; the 2.0 L Essex V4 and the 3.0 L Essex V6 in fact have exactly the same bore and stroke and share various components. The Ford Cologne V6 engine was built by Ford in Germany at the same time, and eventually replaced the Essex.
Kundrodi
Kundrodi is a small village in Mundra Taluka in Kachchh District of Gujarat, India, and is located between Anjar and Mundra. It is around 40 km from Gandhidham and around 60 km from Bhuj. The postal code is 370410. Kundrodi is surrounded by Mandvi Taluka towards west, Anjar Taluka towards North, Adipur Taluka towards East and Bhuj Taluka towards North. Mandvi, Adipur, Bhuj, Gandhidham are the nearby cities to Kundrodi. Kundrodi is very close to the much-coveted Mundra port which is hardly 10 to 15 km from the village.

Mundra
Mundra is a census town and a headquarter of Mundra Taluka of Kachchh district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Founded in about the 1640s, the town was an important mercantile centre and port throughout its history. Mundra Port is the largest private port in India.
Bryan King (footballer, born 1947)
Bryan King (born 18 April 1947) is an English former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Chelmsford City, Millwall and Coventry City. After his playing career, he worked as a manager for Jerv, Harstad, Tynset and Kongsberg in Norway, and Falkenberg in Sweden.
He later worked as a scout for Tottenham Hotspur, Aston Villa and Everton. He now lives in Kongsberg, Norway.

King worked as a scout for Tottenham Hotspur between 2002 and 2008 and was a scout for Aston Villa before that. On 6 January 2017, he left Everton as Scandinavian scout, after working there since 2008.

Kongsberg IF
Kongsberg Idrettforening is a Norwegian sports club from Kongsberg, founded in 1899. It has sections for athletics, gymnastics, alpine skiing, ski jumping, cross country skiing, telemark skiing, snowboarding, speed skating, ice hockey, football, and cycling.

It is best known for its ski jumpers, including Sigmund Ruud, Birger Ruud, Asbjørn Ruud, Hans Beck, Hilmar Myhra, Petter Hugsted and Arnholdt Kongsgård. Snowboarder Stine Brun Kjeldaas also represented Kongsberg IF.

Its first national athletics team member was sprinter Erik Brofoss, who later served as Government Minister and as director in the International Monetary Fund system. Javelin thrower Bjørn Grimnes and decathlete Trond Skramstad, both former Olympic competitors, also represented Kongsberg IF.

The men's football team plays in the Third Division, the fourth tier of Norwegian football.
Ballynahinch Olympic F.C.
Ballynahinch Olympic Football Club is a Northern Irish, intermediate football club based in Ballynahinch, County Down, playing its matches at Kilmore Playing Fields, Crossgar. They play in Division 1A of the Northern Amateur Football League. Club colours are Claret and Blue.

Northern Amateur Football League
The Northern Amateur Football League, also known as the Northern Amateur League and often simply as the Amateur League, is an association football league in Northern Ireland. It contains 13 divisions. These comprise four intermediate sections: the Premier Division, Division 1A, Division 1B and Division 1C; three junior sections: Division 2A, Division 2B and Division 2C; and six reserve sections.
Gmina Jastków
Gmina Jastków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Jastków, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 113.76 square kilometres (43.9 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 14,062 (13,479 in 2013).

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Luv 4 Luv
"Luv 4 Luv" (sometimes also spelled as "Love for Love") is a song by American singer Robin S., released on July 19, 1993, by Champion, Big Beat and ZYX, as the second single from the singer's debut album, Show Me Love (1993). The song was written by Allen George and Fred McFarlane, and was Robin S.' second number one on the US dance chart, where it spent one week at the top. On other US charts, the song peaked at numbers 53 and 54 on the Billboard Hot 100 and the Cash Box Top 100. Overseas, "Luv 4 Luv" reached number 11 on the UK Singles Chart and number 24 in Ireland. A black-and-white music video was produced to promote the single, featuring Robin S. performing at a self-service laundry. "Luv 4 Luv" was re-released in the UK in 2003 but only lasted one week on the chart, peaking at number 78.

Self-service laundry
A self-service laundry, coin laundry, or coin wash, is a facility where clothes and some household textiles are washed and dried without much personalized professional help. They are known in the United Kingdom as launderettes or laundrettes, and in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand as laundromats. In Texas and other parts of the south central United States, the term washateria is still used by some older speakers. The first laundromat opened on April 18, 1934 in Fort Worth, Texas.

While  85% of households in the United States have laundry machines, self-service laundries are used by people who do not have their own machines. Even those who have their own machines sometimes use them for large bedding and other items that cannot fit into residential washers and dryers. Some multifamily dwellings have self-service laundry facilities available for use by tenants.
Quran translations into Punjabi
A Punjabi-language Quran, written with the Gurmukhi script, was found in the village of Lande, in the Moga district of Punjab State. It is believed to be the oldest Quran in the Gurmukhi script, published in 1911. The quran was published through the efforts of Hindu and Sikh funders and a Sikh translator.

Landhe Ke
Landhe Ke is a village in the Moga district in Punjab, India. It is near Moga and is part of the municipal council of Moga city as ward numbers 1 and 50. There is one gurdwara in the village made in the memories of two Sants who live there, Sant Baba Surat Singh and Sant Baba Ram Singh. Sant Nagar is situated near this village.
1966 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 6 February 1966. The Progressive Citizens' Party won eight of the 15 seats in the Landtag, but remained in coalition with the Patriotic Union. Voter turnout was 95.6%, although only male citizens were allowed to vote.

Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)
The Patriotic Union (German: Vaterländische Union, lit. 'Fatherland Union', VU) is a liberal-conservative political party in Liechtenstein. The VU is one of the two major political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the monarchist-conservative Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP). The VU is the relatively more liberal of the two parties, supporting a constitutional monarchy and advocating for greater democratic governance. Since 2021, it is led by Thomas Zwiefelhofer and holds ten seats in the 25-member Landtag of Liechtenstein.